Abantu bendabuko be-Afrika ama-Khoisan

## Ama-Khoisan

Ama-**Khoisan** babantu bomdabu be-**San** ne-**Khoekhoe** be**Sewula_Afrika.**

Ngaphambilini bebaziwa ngokuthi "banemibala"nje basebenzisa ilungelo labo lokuzazisa begodu baziveza njengama-**San** nama-**Khoekhoe** nofana ama-**Khoe-San.**

### Ukwamukelwa kwama-'''Khoisan'''
I**Sewula Afrika** ivowudele ukwamukelwa kwesimemezelo se-**UN** malungana namalungelo wabantu bendabuko kodwana ayikavumi i-**ILO** Convension NO.169.Abantu bendabuko be-**San** ne-**Khoekhoe** abavunywa ngokusemthethweni ngokuya ngomthetho welizwe njengomphakathi wesintu.Lokhu kuyatjhuguluka ngomthetho woburholi wendabuko nomthethomlingwa we-**Khoisan** okuhloswe bona wethulwe e-Palamende.Inani elipheleleko labantu be**Sewula Afrika** lingaba ziingidi ezima-50,lapho kulinganiselwa bona isiqhema sabantu bomdabu sijame phezu ku-1%.

#### Iinqhema zama-Khoisan neendawo zawo
Iinqhema ezikulu zama **Khoisan** zifaka hlangana ama-**San Khomani** ahlala khulu esifundeni se-**Khalahari** kunye nama-**Khwe** nama-**Xun,**ahlala khulu e-**Platfontein** e-**Kimberley.**I**Khoekhoe** ibunjwa ma-**Nama** ahlala khulu esifundeni se-**North Cape.**I**Koran** khulukhulu eendaweni ze-**Kimberley** ne-**Free State.**I**Griqua** eendaweni ze-**Western Cape,Eastern Cape,Northern Cape,Free State** kunye ne-**Kwa-Zulu Natal.**Ama-Cape **Khoekhoe** e-**Western Cape** ne-**Eastern Cape** ngokukhula kwamaphakethe eemfundazweni ze-**Gauteng** ne-**Free State.**E**Sewula Afrika** yanje imiphakathi yama-**Khoisan** itjengisa iindlela zokuphila ezahlukahlukeneko zezomnotho namasiko.Amatjhuguluko wezehlalakuhle nezepolotiki alethwe lihlelo lezepolotiki le**Sewula Afrika** yanje edale isikhala sokuhlukaniswa kwemikhakha yezehlalakuhle yebandlululo efana nombala.

##### Ilwazi lomdabu nama-prhrojekthi wama-Khoisan
Umthetho wokuvikelwa,ukuthuthukiswa nokuphathwa kwamahlelo welwazi lendabuko ka-2014 wasungula ukuvikelwa,ukuthuthukisa nokuphathwa kwenkhungo zelwazi lendabuko yemiphakathi.Umthethomlingwa lo unikela ngokusungulwa nokusebenza kwe-ofisi lenarha leenhlelo zelwazi lendabuko nokuphathwa kwamalungelo wabanikazi belwazi lendabuko.Iphrojekthi womthetho welwazi lomdabu isungula indlela yokuthola ilwazi lomdabu lemiphakathi yendawo.Ukungezelela umthethomlingwa lo uhlathulula ikambiso yokutlolisa,ukugunyaza noku qinisekisa abasebenzi belwazi lomdabu.Inguqulo yesibili womthethomlingwa lo yenziwe ngokuya komjikelezo wokuthoma wokungena,begodu inguqulo etja yesibili yavulwa bona ibonisane nomphakathi ngo-**Nobayeni** wee-2016.

Ikomidi ye-Palamende ye**Sewula Afrika** yokubusa ngokubambisana nezindaba zendabuko yethule umthethomlingwa woburholi bendabuko nama-**Khoisan** phambi kwe-Palamende ngo-2016.Iphrojekthi le ifuna ukutjheja bona imiphakathi yama-**Khoisan** yomlando sele yamukelwa ngeminye imiphakathi yamasiko ye**Sewula Afrika.**Ngokokuthoma eminyakeni ema-300 edlulileko,umthethomlingwa lo unganikela ukuvunywa okusemthethweni begodu uvule amathuba wokufikelela ubulungiswa emiphakathini yomlando wama-**Khoisan**.Umthethomlingwa lo uzokuvumela ama-**Khoisan** bona afakwe eenkambisweni zokuphatha zika-Rhulumende ngaphakathi kweenkonzo ezihlukahlukeneko begodu uvumele iinkonzo lezi bona zenze amalungiselelo athileko wezinto eziqakathekileko zehlalakuhle,zomnotho nezamasiko wemiphakathi yama-**Khoisan**.

###### Imizamo yokubulunga amasiko wama-Khoisan
Iinhlelo ezinengi ezihloswe ukubulunga amalimi wama-**Khoisan**,amasiko kunye namahlelo welwazi zithole ukuthandwa umnyaka woke.I-South African National Editor's Forum (SANEF),i-PanSALB-i-Pan South African Language Board kunye ne-UN bathoma isemina ngendima yabezindaba ekuthuthukisweni nekulondolozweni amalimi wendabuko.Umnyanya lo obanjwe mhlana zi-07 ku**Rhoboyi** wee-2024,ukhulume ngomthelela wobuhlakani bokufakelwa eendabeni kunye namaqhinga lapho umkhakha weendaba zamalimi wendabuko ungadosa ngakho ukukhangisa kwedijithali.Isemina le idose ababiki beendaba,iimfundiswa,abahlaziyi kunye nabasebenzi emkhakheni weendaba zamabhizinisi ngokudzimelela ebantwini beendaba zomphakathi.

Amaphrojekthi wokusebenzisana neenkhungo zefundo kunye neenhlangano zamasiko ahlonywa ukutlola nokukhuthaza amagugu wendabuko.I-PanSALB ibawe bona kube nendlela epheleleko yokukhuthaza ukuhlonipha amalimi wendabuko nokukhomba iindawo ezitlhogwa ukuvuselelwa.Lokhu kwagandelelwa ngesikhathi se-**Khoisan** National Language Indaba,umhlangano owahlanganisa ababambindima begodu okhambisana ne-International Decade of Indigenous Languages 2022-2032.I-**PanSALB** ikhuthaze woke amazinga kaRhulumende bona athathe amagadango wokuphendula iincomo ezenziwe ngesikhathi se Indaba.

###### Amanothi neenkhombo
1. The Indigenous Peoples of Africa Co-ordinating Committee. (19 February 2020). Southern Africa - The Indigenous Peoples of Africa Co-ordinating Committee.https://www.ipacc.org.za/southern-africa/#:~:text=The%20indigenous%20peoples%20of%20South,Khoekhoe%2C%20including%20Nama%20and%20Griqua
2. Cassette, J., & Roos, E. (n.d.). Traditional Khoi-San Leadership Act: The importance of meaningful public participation during the law-making process. Cliffe Dekker Hofmeyr.https://www.cliffedekkerhofmeyr.com/news/publications/2023/Practice/ProBono/pro-bono-and-human-rights-alert-9-june-traditional-khoi-san-leadership-act
3.  Jansen, Lesle and Horton, Theo. “South Africa”. In The Indigenous World 2024, ed. D. Mamo, IWGIA. April 2024. pp. 116-122.https://iwgia.org/en/south-africa/5358-iw-2024-southafrica.html
4. Zondo, W. B. (19 December 2024). In peril: How the traditional and Khoi-San Leadership Bill 2024 continues to threaten informal land rights and rural democracy — African law matters. African Law Matters.https://www.africanlawmatters.com/blog/in-peril-how-the-traditional-and-khoi-san-leadership-bill-2024-continues-to-threaten-informal-land-rights-and-rural-democracy
5.The Khoisan | South African History Online. (n.d.).https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/khoisan