open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Abongwaqa

Abongwaqa ngamanye amatjhada asetjenziswa khulu esiNdebeleni. Amatjhada la, abongwaqa, asetjenziswa nabokamisa ukuze kube matjhada la azwakalako. Abongwaqa bamihlobo ehlukeneko. Imihlobo le ibizwa bona; Abodumuza/Abodubula, ububula, abomavuthelwa, abomavuthelwagandelela, uliliza, urephula, abosingakamisa, abomakghadlana, abongwaqabathwa, abongwaqabathwa ababozinyo, abongwaqabathwa abosininirhwalabha  nabongwaqabatha abahlangothi. Esigatjeni esilandelako sizokukhuluma ngemihlobo yabongwaqa. 

## '''Abodumuza/Abodubula.'''
Abodumuza nanyana abodubula matjhada lawo othi nawuwaphimisako, umoya uphume ngebelo nawuya ngaphandle bese kube khona ukudumuza komoya. 

*Isibonelo:* 

# p[p’]: udumuza oputjukako ongundebembili (ipisi [ip’isi])
# d[d]: udumuza onelizwi ongusinini.Utholakala kuhlanganiselamakghadlana (indaba [indaƃa])

## '''Ububula.'''
Litjhada elingundebembili lelo eliphimiswa ngokububula.

*Isibonelo:*

# b[ƃ]: ububula ongundebembili.basa [ƃasa]

## '''Abomavuthelwa.'''
Abomavuthelwa matjhada lawo othi nawuwaphimisako kuzwakale ukuvuthelwa.

*Isibonelo:* 

# f[f]: umavuthelwa onganalizwi ongundebezinyo (fafatha [fafatha]).

## '''Abomavuthelwagandelela.'''
Abomavuthelwagandelela matjhada lawo othi nawuwaphimisako ilimi lakho lirhwathe ilwangeni bese kuvimbeke umoya. Umoya lo bese uphume sele ugandelelekile.

*Isibonelo:* 

# ts[ts’]: umavuthelwagandelela oputjukako ongusinini (itsetse [its’ɛts’ɛ).
# dz[dz]: umavuthelwagandelela onelizwi ongusinini (idzila [idzila).

## '''Uliliza'''
Uliliza litjhada lelo elinelwi begodu nawuliphimisako ilimi likghwatha iinsini bese umoya uphome ngemahlangothini. 

*Isibonelo:* 

# l[l]: uliliza onelizwi ongusininihlangothi (lila [lila]).

## '''Urephula'''
Urephula litjhada olingusinini eliphinyiswa ngokuthi kuzwakale ukurhephula.

*Isibonelo:*

# r[r]: urephula ongusinini onelizwi (rara [rara]).

## '''Abosingakamisa'''
Abosingakamisa matjhada obolwangeni nanyana aborhwalabha.

*Isibonelo:* 

# y[j]: usingakamisa ongurhwalabha (ongulwangeni) [yeyezela [jɛjɛzɛla]

## '''Abomakghadlana'''
Abomakghadlana matjhada lawo aphinyiswa ngeendebe zomlomo nanyana ngokuthi ilimi likghwathe ilwangeni.

*Isibonelo:* 

# m[m]: umakghadlana ongundebembili (mina [mina]).
# n[n]: umakghadlana ongusinini (inani [inani]).

## '''Abongwaqabathwa Ababozinyo'''
Abongwaqabathwa matjhada lawo asuselwa kubaThwa. Ubongwaqabathwa laba bafaka abongwaqabathwa ababozinyo, aababosininirhwalabha nabohlangothi. 

*Isibonelo:*

1. Abongwaqabathwa Ababozinyo

c[/]: ungwaqabathwa onganalizwi onguzinyo (coca [/ɔ/a]).

2. Abongwaqabathwa Ababosininirhwalabha (-lwangeni)

q[!]: ungwaqabathwa onganalizwi ongusininirhwalabha (qina)

3. Abongwaqabathwa Abahlangothi

nx[ŋ//]: ungwaqabathwa okghadlazisweko ohlangothi (nxifa [ŋ//ifa]).

## '''Isiphetho'''

Abongwaqa matjhada lawo abaqakathekileko bonyana bafundwe begodu bazwisise ngombala bakulayela ngamatjhada asetjenziswa esiNdebeleni kanye nangendlela atlolwa ngayo.
AmaNdebele

**AmaNdebele** sitjhaba sabantu abakhuluma isiNdebele esinabantu abalinganiselwa eengidini ezimbili. Inengi lawo lihlala esifundeni seMpumalanga, kodwana amanye atjhabalele eemfundeni zoke zeSewula Afrika. Aziwa ngobukghwari bokugwala ephasini loke zombelele (njengombana uDorh. Esther Mahlangu aba livulandlela lubukghwari bokugwala bekube nje), izembatho neengubo zawo ezihle ezinemibala ekhanyako.

Abanye bacabanga bona imvelaphi yamaNdebele isemaHlubini. Lokhu kubonakala ngobufakazi belimi phakathi kwelimi lesiNdebele nesiHlubi. Kunamagama amanengana akhona esiNdebeleni akhona nelimini lesiHlubi. Ngokwesibonelo, amagama anjengokuthi, "sela", "fumana", "ekhabo", njll, begodu womabili amalimi la ayandondoza. Okhunye okufuze kutjhejwe kukobana amaNdebele weSewula Afrika awafani namaNdebele weZimbabwe. Nanyana abosomlando baveza bona iinqhema ezimbilezi zakhe zahlangana esikhathini esithileko, kodwana umsuka wazo awufani.

Izembatho zabo bazikhakhazisa ngazo begodu nomgwalo wabo ubahlukanisa kuhle nabasesitjhabeni esinye. 

## AmaNdebele Angaphambi Kuka-1600
Kunabosomlando abathi amaNdebele avela emaHlubini. Kuthiwa ikosi uNdebele yasuka emaHlubini nesitjhaba sayo yayokwakha endaweni ebizwa ngokobana kuseNdolwaneni. INgwenyama uNdebele wabeletha umNtungwa owaba ngubaba wesitjhaba samaNtungwa kwaNdolwana. Ngemva kwalokho umNtungwa wabeletha uMkhalangana, okukholelwa bona angaba ngubaba wamaKhalanga ahlala eZimbabwe neMalawi.

Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi uMkhalangana wabeletha uNjonono owakhamba nesitjhaba sakhe wayokwakha endaweni eyaziwa ngokuthi kuseJononoskop. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi uNjonono wabeletha uNanasi owabeletha uMafana. Bese iNgwenyama uMafana abelethe iNgwenyama uMhlanga ebeletha uMusi noSikhube.  INgwenyama uMusi ibeletha amadodana namadodakazi amanengi, kodwana aziwayo nguMasobuka, uNzunza, uManala, uMthombeni, uMrhwaduba, uSibasa noDlomu. Kunabanye abathi uMusi ubeletha uTshwane, kodwana kunepikiswano ekulu mayelana nemvelaphi kaTshwane okuthiyelelwe ngaye idorobho ebelibizwa ngePitori.

## AmaNdebele Kusukela Ku-1600 - 1880

## Iinkomba
Amarhwebo eYunivesithi yeMpumalanga

**Abafundi** bazimisele khulu ngamarhwebo wabo. Manengi tle! amarhwebo avulwe bafundi beYunivesithi yeMpumalanga enzinze ngeSiyabuswa. IYunivesithi yenza isiqiniseko sokobana siyabakhuthaza nokubagqugquzela ekukhuliseni amarhwebo wabo. Ngomnyaka ka-2023 kuKhukhulamungu, iYunivesithi yenza ilanga lokobana abafundi bakhangise amarhwebo wabo ukukhombisa kobana i-Yunivesithi iyabasekela.

### Ukubaluleka kwamarhwebo
Amarhwebo aqakatheke khulu ekukhuliseni umnotho we-Sewula Afrika. Okhunye kukobana amarhwebo avala iinkhundla zokungasebenzi kwabantu abatjha, ekukuvuleni amathuba womsebenzi.  

Amarhwebo adlala indima eqakathekileko emphakathini wanamhlanjesi, afaka isandla khulu emikhakheni yezomnotho, yezehlalakuhle, neyamasiko wepilo. Nanzi iindaba eziqakathekileko eziveza ukuqakatheka kwamabhizinisi:  

#### 1. Ukukhula komnotho
Amarhwebo aqhuba ukukhula komnotho ngokudala imisebenzi, ukukhiqiza ipahla nemisebenzi, nokukhiqiza imali. Zifaka isandla emkhiqizweni welizwe elipheleleko (i-GDP) begodu zikhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa komnotho. 

#### 2. Imisebenzi
Amarhwebo mthombo omkhulu wemisebenzi, anikela imisebenzi eengidigidini zabantu. Zinikela amathuba wokuthi abantu baziphilise begodu bathuthukise izinga labo lokuphila.

## Iinkomba
Bantu Holomisa

**uBantu Holomisa** ungusopolitiki waseSewula Afrika abuye abe ngumholi wehlangano leUDM. U-Bantu Holomisa ungumdosiphambili odumileko eSewula Afrika. Wabelethwa mhlazi-25 kuNtaka 1955, ulilunga nomrholi we-United Democratic Movement (UDM), ihlangano yezepolotiki eSewula Afrika. U-Holomisa ekuthomeni wathola uphakamiso ngokuba mrholi e-Transkei, ebegade iyi-bantustan ngesikhathi sebandlululo, lapho asebenza khona njengesikhulu sebutho begodu ngokukhamba kwesikhathi waba yihloko karhulumende. Ngemva kokuphela kwebandlululo, wazibandakanya kwezepolotiki yesitjhaba, wakhuthaza intando yenengi, ukubusa okuhle, nobulungiswa emphakathini. U-Holomisa waziwa ngobujamo bakhe bokukhuluma ngokutjhaphulukileko nokuzibophelela kwakhe ekurarululeni iindaba ezifana nekohlakalo nokungalingani eSewula Afrika.

## Iinkomba
Benni McCarthy

**U-Benni McCarthy**, owabelethwa ngu-Benedict Saul McCarthy mhlana ali-12 kuNobayeni wee-1977, e-Cape Town, eSewula Afrika, mdlali webholo odumileko begodu mrhelebhi webholo wamanje. Njengomdlali, u-McCarthy bekangumdlali ophuma phambili owaziwa ngekghono lakhe lokushaya amagoli. Waba nomsebenzi ophumeleleko wesiqhema e-Europe, adlalela amathimu afana ne-Ajax Amsterdam, Celta Vigo, FC Porto, Blackburn Rovers, kanye ne-West Ham United. Enye yezinto aziphumeleleko khulu bekukuthumba i-UEFA Champions League ne-FC Porto ngo-2004 ngaphasi kokulawulwa kwaka-José Mourinho.

UMcCarthy naye waba nomthelela omkhulu esiteji samazwe ngamazwe, ajamele iSewula Afrika emiqhudelwaneni eminengi yeNdebe yamaZwe ye-Afrika kanye neNdebe yePhasi ye-FIFA. Ngemva kokuthatha umhlalaphasi njengomdlali, watjhuguluka waba mqeqetjhi begodu ube nemisebenzi ehlukileko yokuba mqeqetjhi, okufaka hlangana ukuphatha i-Cape Town City FC ku-South African Premier Soccer League nokusebenza njengomsizi womqeqetjhi we-Manchester United. U-McCarthy ugujwa ngegalelo lakhe ebholweni ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwenkundla. Kutshanje usebenze njengomqeqeshi oyintloko weqela laMaZulu elikwiPremier Division. 

## Iinkomba
16 JUNE 1976

## 16 kuMgwengweni 1976

### Ilanga labantu abatjha
Ilanga lange 16 kuMgwengweni 1976 lilanga lapho kwatjhuguluka khona izinto ezinengi eSewula Afrika. Ngelangeli abantu abatjha abahlukeneko eenarheni ezinengi babuthelelana bese balwisana negandelelo lombuso wangaphambilini. Lokho azange kwahlala kuhle embusweni egade ubusa ngaleso sikhathi. Lokho-ke, kwabanga ukutjhayisana.

ESoweto ukutjhayisanokhu kwaba kukhulu hlangana nabentwana besikolo sabantu bombala onzima. Ezinye zezinto ebebalila ngazo mthetho wezefundo obizwa bona ngeBantu *Education Act* ka-1953. Iinlilo lezi zabangela umbuso wegandelelo ukuthi uphendule ngokuthumela amajoni namapholisa endaweni leyo. Amapholisa namajoni la bekahlome ngeengidi nezinye iinkhali. Ngemva kwalokhu kwaba khona umguruguru hlangana namajoni la nabentwana besikolo la. Abafundi abanengi laba bazithola balinyazwa. Omunye wabongazimbi kwaba ngu-Hector Peterson loyo owadutjulwa mapholisa.

U-Hector Peterson wabengomunye wabafundi egade balwela ikululeko yokungafundiswa ngelimi lesibhunu i-Afrikaans eenkolweni. Ngaleso sikhathi bekaneminyaka elitjhumi nambili nakadutjulwako. Wayiswa esibhedlela kodwana wathi nabatjhejako abodorhodere ebebasebenza ngaleso sikhathi bamfumana sele umoyakhe uhlukene nenyama. 

Kusukela ngelanga leli, woke umuntu wathoma ukulwisana nebandlululo lombuso wangaphambilini lo. Ilangeli nesehlakalo esenzeka ngeSewoto lesi sasetjenziswa njengekhuthazo. Ilangeli lathiywa bonyana lilanga lelutjha.
Ababelethi

**Ababelethi**  babantu abaletha umuntu othileko ephasini. Nasikhuluma ngababelethi sikhuluma ngomma no yise womuntu. Labo kubabantu abahlangiswe ngokuthi babe nomntwana begodu kube ngibo abanikela umntwana itjhejo eliphambili begodu bakghone nokumnikela ithando. Ababelethi kungilabo bantu umntwana abafuzileko begodu afana nabo ngesotja nangezenzo. Ukungezelela, babantu abanikela umntwana izinyo lakhe okuligama abantu abayombiza ngalo ipilo yakhe yoke. Igama elithi "mbelethi" aliqalisisi kumma no yise ebakulethe emhlabenapha. Libuye liqalekise emntwini okutlhogomelako. şarkı sözleri sitesi
Bhiza Masango

**Bhiza David Masango** (4 kuKhukhulamungu 1951) ngumtloli owaziwa khulu ngomtlolo wedrama **Larhwalala Nobani**. Wabelethelwa endaweni ye - Wonderfontein esigodini se-Middelburg, begodu Wakhulela e-Paynevile eSprings wabe wafika ebangeni lokuthoma isikolo. 

__TOC__
## Iifundo:
Ngamabanga athileko womsebenzi ababelethi bafudukela e-Bronkhorstspruit lapha athoma khona isikolo e-Uitkyk Community School. Wafunda khona kufikela ebangeni lesibili. Ngomnyaka we-1965 wathuthukela e-Middelburg esikoleni i-Eikeboom Colliery School kusukela ebangeni lesithathu kuya kelesine. Wabe sekathuthukela eMhluzi esikolweni Elusindisweni Higher Primary School wafunda waqeda ibanga lesithandathu khona. Wabamba itorho e-RMB Steel alloys alinga ukubuthelela amatikana wokuragela phambili, wabuyela esikolweni eSozama Secondary School lapha afunda khona waqeda ibanga lobunane. Ngomnyaka we-1974 waqatjhwa njengotitjhere wesigiyane eNdedema Community school wafundisa ibanga lesihlanu ,ngonyaka olandelako wafundisa ibanga lesihlanu nelesithandathu.

Ngomnyaka we-1976 athuthukela eBotshabelo Training College lapho aphetha khona iimfundo zakhe zobutitjhere. Waqedelela ngokobana aphothule i-diploma yeemfundo zomthetho ngokukhamba kweminyaka wafumana iziqu ze (Human Resource Management). Waqatjhwa godu ngobutjhwa esikoleni iNdedema Community School kufikela ngomnyaka we-1979,wathuthukela eMthunzini Higher Primary School eKwaggafontein KwaNdebele waba sisandla sika titjherehloko. Nokho akhenge ahlale isikhathi wathuthuka ngenyanga kaMgwengweni ngomnyaka we-1980 wathoma isikolo esitjha iSindawonye Higher Primary School lapha aba yihloko yesikolo kufikela ngomnyaka we 1992.

## Ubutloli:
Ngesikhatheso waba sele alilunga leBhodo yeLimi lesiNdebele begodu amtloli. Ngenyanga kaSewula 1992 waqatjhwa ukuba njengeSekela likamqophisi ePhikweni
leLimi bekube khathesi. 

"Nzunza nomanala ngibawela incwadi le eyinoveli ezingqondweni zenu bonyana ihlale inzinze ibe yinzunzo kini. Nginethemba elikhulu bona nizayithola inesifundo esihle khulu khulu kebengubo kunye namatlawu. Ihlathulula kuhle bonyana ihlama iyayidungu ingqondo yomuntu, aphelele ngokuzikholwa bona kufanele aphile yiphi ipilo. Kungebangelo-ke kutholakala umuntu angazazi bona usisibekelo sayiphi ipolo"--"**Amabatha (unfaithful) B.D Masango**".

Umtloli lo wa tlola amadrama begodu nendatjana eziningana, ezinye ngezilandilako:
# - Zithabiseni ngeenkondlo (*1990*)
# - Isilodlhelo sakaNzunza noManala (*1990*)
# - Yewize sifunde : ibanga (*1990*)
# - Zithabiseni ngeenkondlo 2 (*1992*)
# - Ngifanele ukuzenzela (*1992*)
# - Umuntu akahlobokwa (*1992 godu ngo 1995*)
# - Ubadanile (*1992 godu ngo 1995*)
# - Uzangenzani (*1994*)
# - Amabatha (*1995 godu ngo 1996*)

## Isithasiselo
Caster Semenya

**UCaster Semenya** ungumgijimi wase Sewula Afrika. U-Caster Semenya, wabelethwa e-Mokgadi u-Caster Semenya mhlana ali-7 kuTjhirhweni wee-1991, e-Polokwane, eSewula Afrika, mgijimi odumileko webanga eliphakathi nomnqobi wegolide we-Olimpiki. Waziwa khulu ngokuphumelela kwakhe emjarhweni wamamitha ama-800 wabesifazana, lapho athumbe khona amamedali wegolide amanengi emidlalweni yePhasi kanye nama-Olimpiki. Umsebenzi ka-Semenya uphawulwe ziimpumelelo zakhe ezimangalisako zezemidlalo kanye nokuphikisana malungana namazinga we-testosterone wemvelo.

U-Semenya uqalene nokuhlolisiswa neentjhijilo ezivela eenhlanganweni zezemidlalo zamazwe ngamazwe, ezifake imithetho efuna bona abasubathi besifazane abanamazinga aphezulu we-testosterone bathathe imithi ukwehlisa amazinga la ukwenzela bona baphalisane emidlalweni ethileko. Nanyana kuneenqabo lezi, u-Semenya uhlale alitshwayo lokujamelana nokuzimisela, alwela amalungelo wabadlali begodu aphikisana nemithetho yena nabanye abanengi abayithatha njengokubandlulula. Umthelela wakhe emidlalweni yezemidlalo nokulwela kwakhe ukulunga nokufaka hlangana kuragela phambili nokukhuthaza abanengi ephasini loke.

## Iinkomba
Chris Hani

**u[[Chris Hani]]** wayengusopolitiki kanye nemholi wecembe leANC.uHani wabulawa nga1993 eBoksburg. U-Chris Hani, wabelethwa ngu-Martin Thembisile Hani mhlazi-28 kuMgwengweni wee-1942, endaweni yemakhaya ye-Sabalele e-Transkei, eSewula Afrika, bekangumlweli webandlululo nomrholi we-South African Communist Party (SACP) kanye ne-African National Congress (ANC). U-Hani wadlala indima ekulu emzabalazweni wokulwisana nebandlululo, wasebenza njengomphathi we-Umkhonto we Sizwe, iphiko elihlomileko le-ANC.

U-Hani bekaziwa ngoburholi bakhe obuhle, ukuzinikela kwakhe emkhankasweni wekululeko, nekghono lakhe lokukhuthaza nokuhlanganisa abantu. Ukuzinikela kwakhe ekulwisaneni nebandlululo kwamenza waba mumuntu othandekako ebantwini abanengi beSewula Afrika.

Ngokudanisako, u-Chris Hani wabulawa mhlana ali-10 kuMrhayili wee-1993, ngaphandle kwekhaya lakhe e-Boksburg, eduze ne-Johannesburg. Ukubulawa kwakhe kwaba mzuzu oqakathekileko emlandwini weSewula Afrika, okwenzeka ngesikhathi esibucayi sokutjhugulukela kwentando yenengi. Ukuhlongakala kwaka-Hani kwabangela ukuthukuthela nokulila okukhulu, begodu kwaveza itlhogeko ephuthumako yokurarulula ukurarana kwesitjhaba ngokuthula. Ilifa lakhe liragela phambili nokuhlonitjhwa eSewula Afrika njengetshwayo lomzabalazo wekululeko nobulungiswa.

## Iinkomba
Clive Barker

**UClive William Barker** (23 Juni 1944 - 10 Juni 2023) wayengumqeqeshi webhola laseSewula Afrika. Uhole iqembu lesizwe laseNingizimu Afrika ekunqobeni okuwukuphela kwalo isicoco se-African Nations Cup ngo-1996. Wayengumalume kaSteve Barker.
David Tlale

**UDavid Tlale** (29 kuTjhirhweni 1975) mklami wezembatho weSewula Afrika. Wabelethelwa e-Vosloorus eSewula Afrika. Wakhuliswa ngunina oyedwa. Umsebenzi wakhe utjengiswe e-Cape Town Fashion Week, e-New York Fashion Week, kanye ne-Paris Fashion Week. Uphinde wakha amaqoqo wabathengisi abakhulu njenge-Edgars. U-Tlale bekangumdlali we-semi finalist ku-South African Fashion Week Elle New Talent Show Competition ngo-2002. NgoMeyi 2003, u-Tlale wathoma ama-studio wokuklama e-Cape Town ne-Johannesburg.

Ngomnyaka ka-2022 u-Tlale wanikelwa idigri yokuhlonipha yi-Tshwane University of Technology, begodu wanikela idigri leyo kumma wakhe ongasekho.

## Iinkomba
Emaplasini weBelfast

**Emaplasini we[[Belfast]]** kuyindawa ehle khulu ngesibanga sokuthi izele ngezinto zemvelo. Ithulile ngombana imizi imacalanga. Kuyindawa ebizwa ngokuthi semakhazeni ngombana kumakhaza. Nakusebusika manzi avuka alirhwaba  ngendlela kumakhaza ngakhona.Ehlobo imithi notjani  bubahlaza tlabha . Emaplasini kuyindawo eqakathekileko  ebantwini abanengi bamaNdebele ngombana kukulapho kwalala khona abomkhulu babo, begodu kukulapho abanye babo badabuka khona. Yeke endaweni le kukulapho kulele khona amathambo wamalunga wemindeni yabo.

## Indlela yokuphila emaplasini
Emaplasini kusaphilwa ngendlela yakade ngombana akuna gezi, yeke lokha nafanele kuphekwe kuphekwa esitofini samahle ngokusebenzisa iinkuni ezitheziweko. Nangabe kuphekwa ngeempoto ezikulu engeze zanele esitofini samalahle, kubaswa phasi ngeenkuni. abantu abanzima nabafuna ukutjhajisa abomaliledinini babo baya emakhumaweni bona abatjhatjhisele zona.

### Amanzi wemilambo yakhona
Amanzi wemilambo yakhona, kumamanzi akhambako, ahlenzekile ngombana akulahlelwa noma yini emilanjeni. Abantu bavasela khona iingubo zabo ukuze zihlanzeke kuhle. Kuthi sele bacedile ukuzihlanza iingubo zabo bakhambe bayozineka emadradeni ahlukanisa iindlela yeenkoloyi namahlathi.

### Iinthelo nefuyo
Kumateni amakhulu lapho kutjalwe khona iinthelo ezifana nama anyanisi, ife, amazambane, kanye nemirorho. Ifuyo ekhona emaplasini ziinkomo ekungezama khuwa begodu ezinye ngezabantu abanzima. imfarigi, izimvu, kanye neenkukhu. Abantu abanzima badla amacanda abekelwe ziinkukhu zemakhaya begodu ipuphu bayithola emakhuweni ahlala nabo emaplasini. Zikhona neembandana emaplasini ezifana ne nenungu neemfarigi zommango.

### Izinga lobugebengu
Emaplasini ubugebengu yinto engakavami. Lokhu kubonakala ngokuthi iminyango yakhona ayikhiyelwa.

### Iinkolo
Emaplasini azikho iinkolo, kodwana zisedorobheni eliseduze nakhona. Abantwana ukuze bakghone ukuya esikolweni balandwa yi bhesi nge iri le-6 ekuseni. Bese godu kunesinye isikolo lapho abantwana bahlala khona esibizwa bonyana yi Makhazeni boarding school.
Hluzingqondo secondary school

**IHluzingqondo Secondary school -** sikolo esisendaweni ebizwa ngeKwaggafontein A eseMpumalanga. Siwela ngaphasi koMasipala iThembisile Hani Municipality.Siphethwe nguhlokokulu uLitsie. Sifundisa iimfundo ezihlukahlukeneko ngelimi lesiNdebele, isiKhuwa kanye nesiPedi.
I-Dalmanutha

**I-Dalmanutha** isitethji sesitimela esiqhele ngamakhilomitha ayi-16 empumalanga yeBelfast, emzileni ophakathi kwePitori neMaputo. Ithiyelelwe ngegama leplasi, elibuye lithathe igama lalo edorobheni laseBhayibhelini iLwandle LeGalile (Marku 8:10). Igama leli kuthiwa litjho 'indlu yobufelokazi'. Le ndawo yaziwa ngabantu bendawo ngokuthi iMonometsi. Ukungqubuzana phakathi kweBakoni neMatabele kwenzeka lapha. Kuphinde kwaba yikundla yepi yokugcina yepi Yesibili YamaBhunu (1899-1902) eyasuka zingama-25 kuNcwaba 1900.
I-logo

**Kukhona** ezinye izinto ezijamele ikhamphani nanyana umkhiqizo othize, ezifana njetshwayo, isithombe kanye nelogo. Izinto lezi zakhiwe ngedlela yokuthi zinikele umlayezo nanyana umniningwana kilabo abaqothelweko. Nanyana kunjalo-ke, ngaphasi kwesihloko sethi lesi sizokunzinza kwi-logo.  

I-Cambridge Dictionary (2024) ne-Wikipedia (2024) iqinisekisa iphuzu elingehla leli ngokuveza bona, i-logo litshwayo leli elisetjenziswa yikhamphani emikhiqizweni yalo ukuthuthukisa ubujamo nomkhiqizo walo begodu nokwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi amakhastama wayo ayibona bekayikhumbule msinya ikhamphani le.  I-logo yekhaphani ingasetjenziswa kunanyana ngimuphi umkhiqizo kanye nezinto zekhamphani okufaka hlangana imakhiwo, iinkoloyi neesentjenziswa ukuze abantu bazi bonyana izinto lezo ngezabo.  

Abasebenzisi, abathengi nanyana abanikeli ngemisebenzi bazokuqala ibizo nanyana i-logo yekhamphani ukuze bakwazi ukuhlukanisa imikhiqizo yekhamphani leyo neminye imikhiqizo yeenkhaphani eziphalisana nayo.  I-logo ibuye yazise abasebenzisi ngokwazeka nokuduma kwabo  nangendlela abaziwa ngayo emphakathini (Cambridge Dictionary 2024). Lokho kuzokwenza kobana balemuke kobana yikhamphani nanyana umsebenzi nanyana umuntu onendumela, okuzokwenza kobana imikhiqhizo leyo ithengwe khudlwana.

## Isilululwazi
Erholweni

**Erholweni** yindawo ye-Roossenekal esemangweni enentaba nemibundu. Kunamahlathi amihlobohlobo nemithi. Iintaba namagoqo wamatje amakhulu ahlezi elinye phezu kwelinye  ngokwemvelo yawo. Indawo le ingetjingalanga yeGroblersdaal. Indawo le yaziwa nge mapoch caves ngelimi lesiNgisi. amaNdebele afika anzinza endaweni le ngonyaka we-1839. Kwaba yindawo yabo esetjenziswa njengesiphephelo sesitjhaba begodu izokwazi uksekela amaqhinga wokulwa izipi.

ngemva kwepi yamaNgisi namaBhunu ngonyaka we-1882 amakhuwa nakasaphikisana nengwenyama umabhoko ngokusikwa kwenarhakhe. Kwenzeka isiga kibomakhelwan ekubaPedi bakomarotha, kwabulawa  ingwenyama uSikhukhune embangweni wobukhosi bkwa sikwadi  owayehlanganyele ekuphatheni kwamkhuwa intransvaal. Ingonyama uMampuru wesibili wayobhaqiswa kwaNoMtjharhelo. Ipihlangana noNyabela namakhuwa yathatha inyanga ezibunane ukuthoma ngoSinyikhaba ka 1882 bekwaba ngu Velabahlinze  ka1883.

amakhuwa asebenzisa iqhinga lokuvala amanzi nokutjhisa amasimu ukubulalisa amaNdebele ngendlala ukuthumba ipi eyadlula namabutho  amanengi  wakwaNzunza. Umphumela wepi kwaba  kubotjhwa kwengwenyama uNyabela no Mampuru bayokuvalelwa ejele ePitori. Ingwenyama uMampuru yabulawa ngokukhungwa. ISigwebo sikaNyabela  senziwa saba ngesokufela ejele kodwana waphuma ngaphambi kwepi yesibili yamabhuru namaNgisi ngonyaka we- 1898.

### Ukuqakatheka kwendawo le esitjhabeni samaNdebele
Indawo ye Rosenekaal yaba ngaphasi kwamagugu kusekela ngonyaka we-1937. Yathoma ukuhlonitjhwa  njengendawo yamagugu ngonyaka we-1968. Kwabunjwa isithombe sesengwenyama uNyabela konoMtjharhela. Le kuyindawo yamaNdebele kaNzunza. AmaNdebele aya erholweni kanye ngonyaka ukugidinga imvelaphi nendabuko yama ndebele.

## Iinkomba
Esther Mahlangu

U-**Esther Mahlangu** (wabelethwa lokha amalanga ali-11 kuNobayeni ngomnyaka we-1935) mgwali weSewula Afrikha. Waziwa ngemigwalakhe enokuzithema, enesithunzi, emihle, emikhulu nekarisako yesimanjemanje ekhuthazwe lilwazi lakhe, amagugu anawo welimi,, amasiko nekolo yamaNdebele.  Ngomunye wabagwali abaziwa khulu eSewula Afrika.
IMIDLALO YABENTWANA

**Imidlalo yabentwana** midlalo edlaliwa bentwana abangaphasi kweminyaka elitjhumi nambili. Imidlalo le ihlukaniseke kabili. Kunemidlalo yabesena kanye nomdlalo wabentazana. Imidlalo le ihlukaniseke ngendlella abantu bekadeni bebaphila ngayo. Abesana bebadlala ngeenkoloyi nofana ngamadrada, bese abentazana bebadlala ngokupheka nofana igqubsi. 

## Isiza ngani imidlalo yabentwana?
Imidlalo le irhelebha abentwana ngamakghono wepilo. Amakghono wepilo afaka hlangana nekghono lokuphila nabantu, ingqondo nokhunye. Abentwana abadlala imidlalo ehlukahlukeneko bayakghona ukuthuthuka nangamakghono welimi: Ukukhuluma nokulalela, ukufunda nokubhala. Amakghono la abalulekile ekusizeni abentwana bonyana babebafundi abanqophileko epilweni yangomuso. 

## Kubayini abotitjhere kufanele babenelwazi ngomdlalo wabentwana?
Abotitjhere kufanele bafake imidlalo ehlukahlukeneko lokha nabafundisa okuthileko. Imidlalo eminengi ikhuthaza bafundi bafunde ngokuzimisela nangethando. Imidlalo engadlaliwa ngekumbeni yokufundela midlalo efana nokweqa lokha nakubizwa umdumo weledere.
IFUNDO

**IFUNDO**  

Ifundo kusilodlhelo esivula iminyango eminengi ephumelelisako. Ngingatjho bonyana ifundo iyayitjhugulula ipilo yabantu begodu ayikhethi umbala. Ukuragela phambili, ibandlululo lona  ayilayo, yamukela nanyana ngubani begodu ayikhethi neminyaka. Ifundo iyakhana begodu ifundisa nokunengi.
 
Ifundo yakha mlandu omutjha epilweni yabantu. Nakungenzeka bonyana ukhule udobha phasi kodwana ngebanga lefundo bagcine baphumelela. 

Okukhulu okukarisa khulu ngefundo kukobana inamathuba amanengi wokukuthuthusela phambili epilweni yakho. Siyazi lokha umuntu bekangakghoni ukuragela phambili ngefundo yakhe ngobanyana ekhabo banganamali yokumusa eskolweni samabanga aphezulu iinhlangano ezifana ne-NSFAS, SETA, ne-Fundza Lushaka siyakusiza ngemali nemifundaze.

Namhlanje sinabotitjhere, dorhodere, amaqhwetha, abososayensi ngayo ifundo.Ngingatjho bonyana Ifundo iyamakha umuntu imenze umuntu ebantwini. Lokhu kutjengisa ukuqakatheka kwefundo kanye nezinto umuntu ongazizuza kiyo.
IKapa ne-Cape (Cape and Cape).

## IKapa ne-Cape (Cape and Cape).

### Isingeniso.
IKapa ne-Cape magama lawo apeledwa bekaphinyiswe ngokufana elimi lesiNgisi kodwana ihlathululo yawo ayifani. Singatjho bonyana kumagama abomphimbofana njengoba ahluka ngehlathululo kwaphela. Esigajeni esilandelako sizokutjheja bonyana amagama la atjho ukuthini.

### IKapa
IKapa kuyihlokodorobha yesifunda seTjhingala Kapa. Ukungezelela, iTjhingala Kapa kungesinye sesifunda esitholakala eSewula Afrika. IKapa le itjho indawo esesewula, begodu la itjho idoroba elisesewula yeSewula Afrika.

### I-Cape
I-Cape yona kuligama lelo elihlathulula bonyana into ethize ivele esewula yephasi, khulukhulu nasitjheja iinlwani neenyoni. Ngamanye amagama nawuqala ibalazwe, iinyoni nelwani lezo zifunyaneka khulu lapaha eSewula yephasi. Isibonelo kukhona i-Cape Baffalo (ikomo yommango). I-Cape Baffalo le ayitjho bona ivela edorobheni iKapa kodwana itjho bonyana yikomo yommango etholakala khulu esewula yephasi. Ngalokho-ke, lokha nasibona igama lesilwani nanyana inyoni elimo-Cape kufanele sikhumbule bonyana inyoni nanyana isilwani leso sitholakala khulu esewula yephasi.

### Isiphetho
Ikapa ne-Cape zingapeledwa beziphinyiswe kokufana ngesiNgisi kodwana zona zitjho izinto ezingafani. Kuhle bonyana siziyelele khulu ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa.
ISewula Afrika ne-Afrika eseSewula (South Africa and Southern Africa).

Kukhona amanye amagama abonakala begodu azwakala ngathi atjho into yinye kodwa ekubeni atjho izinto ezihlukileko. Amagama lawo esikhathi esinengi agcina asetjenziswa kwangathi yinto yinye ngabanye abantu. Amagama la afaka hlanga iSewula Afrika ne-Afrika eseSewula. Ekumimeni yethi le sizokunqopha kumehluko hlangana kweSewula Afrika ne-Afrika eseSewula.

### '''Kuyin iSewula Afrika?'''
ISewula Afrika kuyinarha leyo etholakala enarheni kazi ye-Afrika. ISewula Afrika yinarha etholaka ekugcineni kweSewula ye-Afrika. Kubalazwe, itholakala encasi kunazo zoke iinarha ezikhona e-Afrika. Ukungezelela, iSewula Afrika iyingcenye nanyana ingezinye zeenarha ezibumba i-Afrika eseSewula.

### '''Kuyini i-Afrika eseSewula?'''
I-Afrika eseSewula libizobuthelelo lelo elitjho iinarha ezifunyanwa eSewula ye-Afrika. Ngamanye amagama, ziinarha lezo esengcenyeni esencasi e-Afrika. Lokhu kutjho bonyana ziinarha ezifunyanwa esiyingi seSewula e-Afrika. Iinarha lezi zifaka hlangana  i-Angola, iBotswana, iLesotho, iMalawi, iMozambique, iNamibia, iSewula Afrika, Eswatini, i-Zambia neZimbabwe. Zoke iinarha lezi nazihlangeneko zibizwa bonyana i-Afrika eseSewula.

### '''Isiphetho.'''
Kuqakathekile bonyana sazi umlando wethu kanye nokuthi iinarhakazi ye-Afrika le esihlala kiyo ihlukaniswe njani. Yeke-ke, nje sesiyazi bonyana iSewula Afrika kuyinarha ngaphakathi kwesiyingi seSewula e-Afrika.
Ivunulo

**Ivunulo** yizambatho ezimbathwa maNdebele ngokuhlukahlukana kwabo. Ivunulo ibalulekile esikweni lama Ndebele begodu ngiyo ehlathulula bona ulenzile isiko noma awa, ibuye ihlathulule isigaba somuntu ngokwesiko nesiko-pilo kaNdebele. Bazikhakhazisa ngendlela ekarisako ngendlela ebambatha ngayo. Izembatho ezinengi zesiko zinento ebizwa bona mncamo. IsiNdebele sikarisa kwamambala begodu ivunulo yabo inemibala eminengi ekhanyako.  

## Abomma nabo baba

**<u>Abomma</u>**

U-Mma ngokwesiko lesiNdebele kumumuntu wengubo osele adlulile esigabeni sokuba mntazana, begodu ukudlula kwakhe sikuhlathulula ngokobana aphethe isiko lobuntazana elibizwa ngokobana liQude, bekufike lapho athathwa khona abenguMma womuzi wakoSobantu. 

Abo mma ngomnyanya lapho umswegwabo aba yisokona bambatha ivunulo esuka ehloko efika eenyaweni. Ehloko bambatha umkhala nomlinga kobe. emzimbeni bambatha ingubo ebovu ebizwa bona yi bhidi.

**<u>Abobaba</u>**

abo baba emnyanyeni ongehla nabo bambatha ivunulo esuka ehloko ukufika eenyaweni. Ehloko bambatha iporiyana, esandleni sokudla baphatha intonga bese ngesandleni sesincele baphatha isiviko.

## Umswegwabo

Umswegwabo msana ongakenzi isiko nofana msana ongakayi engomeni. ivunulo yaba swegwabo ngiyo elula ukudlula zoke. Nabo bambatha ivunulo esuka ehloko ukufika eenyaweni. Ehloko bambatha utjani ebenzwe indingiliza ebubizwa bona ngu swenyana, emzimbeni bambatha i yembhe yemikhono emide, eenyaweni bambatha ibhrugu elifitjhani bese esandleni sokudla baphatha intonga. Bakhamba ngo bhadu phasi okuhlathulula bona abambathi amanyathelo. Batjhagala endleleni ukutjengisa abantu bona sebalungile ukukhamba nabo baba.

## Amasokana

Isokana mumuntu wejazi owenze isiko begodu wahlatjelwa wakhamba nabo baba. Ivunulo yama sokana nayo isuka ehloko ifinyelele emilenzeni. Ehloko bambatha umkhala, entameni bambatha irasu, edinini bambatha ijuba nobukhobe, emikhonweni kanye nemilenzeni bambatha iinrholwani. imibala yakhona ngu nzima, hlaza okwesibhakabhaka, hlaza satjani, ubukhobe kanye nomhlophe. Koke lokhu kwenziwe ngomncamo. Iinrholwani lezi zinendlela ezilandelana ngayo ngokuya kwesiko. Isithombe esingehlanzeni sesincelesi masokana asayokwenza isiko ivunulo yabo ihlukile kunamasokana sele aqedileko. Ivunulo yabo ilula njengale yomswegwabo. Bona bambatha ibhetjha kanje neenzipha kwaphela bese baphathe intonga ngesandleni sokudla.

## Abentazana

Abentazana ngomhlubulo nabo bambatha ivunulo esuka ehloko ukufika eenyaweni. ehloko bambatha umkhala, entameni bambatha irasu, edinini iphephethu, iinrholwani zedinini (ijuba nobukhobe), isithimba kanye ne yerhana. Ezandleni bambatha iinrholwani ezinemibalabala babuye bazembathe kanye neenyaweni. Imibala yakhona ngu nzima, hlaza okwesibhakabhaka, hlaza satjani, ubukhobe kanye nomhlophe. Koke lokhu kwenziwe ngomncamo.
Ibhayibhili

**Ibhayibhili** yincwadi ecwengileko esetjenziswa babantu amakrestu. Incwadi isetjenziswa ukutjhumayela nokufunda indaba zikaZimu begodu nokubona bonyana kuba njani lokha umuntu nakakhamba noZimu. Abanye bathi ibhayibhili sikhali sokulwa nemimoya emimbi. Ibhayibheli ihlukaniseke kabili. Ngokuthi kune Testamende elidala begodu kune testamende elitja. Itestamende elidala lifundisa ngoZimu lokha uJesu Krestu angafiki emhlabeni begodu likhombise bonyana uZimu bekasenzisa abaphrofethi ukukhuluma nabantu okhunye esikuthola etestamendeni elidala kukuthi kuze njani bona abantu bafe nokuthi kuze njani kube nephasi.

Itestamende elitjha lifundisa ngokufika kwaka Jesu ephasini nokubethelwa kwakhe esphambanweni begodu nokuthi abapostoli basala benzani lokha uJesu nakabuyela ezulwini.
Ibhoduluko

## Ibhoduluko.
Ibhodoluko ngezinye zezinto eziqakathekileko ephasini. Ngaphandle kwebhodulo ipilo bengeze yabakhona. Ibhoduluko ifumbethe ipilo yeenlwani ezinengi. Ezinye zeenlwana ziyaphila kanti ezinye zona aziphili. Eenhlokwaneni ezilandelako sizokutjheja kobana kuyini ibhodulo begodu ibhoduluko lihlukene njani.

### Kuyini ibholuko?
Ngokuya kukaSadiku, u-Ashaolu, u-Ajayi-Majebi no-Musa (2020) ibhoduluko iphathelene nakho koke ekusemanzini, emoyeni, enarheni nehlabathini. Ukungezelela, ibhoduluko ngikho koke okutholakala ephasini, ekuphilako nokungaphili ekufaka hlangana izengiwa, iinlwani eziphilako nezingaphili umumoya kanye nokusesibhakabhageni (Maelzer 1964). Ngamanye amagama, koke lokhu ukuthola ephasini nohlangana nakho mihla namalanga kungaba yingcenye nanyana kuyingcenye yebhoduluko.

Ibhoduluko lihlukaniswe ngcenye ezilandelako (Glazovsky 2009):

1.      Umoya

2.      Ihlabathi

3.      Amanzi

4.      Isibhakabhaka

Ihlathululo engehla iyasivezela bonyana ibhoduluko liyini begodu liqakatheke kangangani. Eenhlokwaneni ezilandelako sizokutjheja bonyana sitjho ukuthi ngokuthi umoya, ihlabathi, amanzi nesibhakabhaka.

#### 1.      Umoya
Ingabe sitjho ukuthi nasikhuluma ngomoya ngaphasi kwebhoduluko na? Umoya ngaphasi kwebhoduluko utjho umoya esiwuthola ngaphandle begodu lowo esiwuphefumulako (Glazovsky 2009; ne-Wikipedia 2024). Ngaphasi komoya siqala izinga lekhwalithi womaya, ubumbi Nobuhle (Glazovsky 2009).

#### 2.      Ihlabathi
Ngaphasi kwehlabathi siqale koke okuphilako nokungaphiliko eokutholakala ehlabathini, ekufaka hlangana izenjiwa namanzi atholakala ehlabathini (Glazovsky 2009; ne-Wikipedia 2024). Izinga lekhwalithi lehlabathi nalo liqakathekile.

#### 3.      Amanzi
Amanzi ngaphasi kwebhoduluko kutjhejwe zoke izinto ezitholakala emanzini eziphilako nezingaphiliko kanye nezinga lekhwalithi yemanzi, ubuhle nobumbi balo (Glazovsky 2009; ne-Wikipedia 2024).

#### 4.      Isibhakabhaka
Iisbhakabhaka sitjho iphezulu, koke okukhamba nokutholakala esibhakabhakeni (Glazovsky 2009). Ekungezelela, kutjhejwe nangendlela ibhodululo liphathwa ngalo kanye nizinto esisipha sona (Glazovsky 2009).

### Isiphetho
Isibhoduloko liqakatheke khulu njengepilo yayo yoke into. Izinto ukuze ziphile, zenze imisebenzi yayo zifunjethwe begodu zinakekelwa libhoduluko. Ngphandle kwebhoduluko ezinye zezinto bezingeze zabakhona.

### Isilululwazi
Idatha, umniningwana nelwazi

## Idatha, umniningwana nelwazi

### Isingeniso.
Idatha, umniningwana nelwazi zizinto ezingafaniko lezo ezitjengisa izinga elithe lobuhlakani kanye nethuthuko yomqabango. Nanyana, kukhona abazisebenzisa njengezinto ezifanako nje, kodwana ekhabo lazo azifani. Esigabeni esilandelako sizokuhlathulula idatha, imininingwana nelwazi begodu siveze nomehluko wazo.

### Idatha.
Idatha mitlolo leyo ebuthelelweko nanyana imitlolo leyo engaka engaka fundwa begodu engaka ungwa yazwisiswa. Ngamanye magama imitlolo leyo ongakayifundi begodu ungazi bonyana ikhuluma ngani ngokuneneleleko ibizwa bona yidatha. 

Isibonelo, lokha nawubuthelelwa imitlolo uyibeke nawonye ukuthi kusasa uzoyiqala, uyifundele ukuyizwisisa begodu uyirhumutjhe, leyo mitlolo yidatha.

### Imininingwana
Umniningwana yidatha esele ifundiwe, yazwisiswa begodu yarhunyuthwa. Ngamanye amagama imitlolo leyo ehlungiweko begodu yazwisisa bonyana ikhuluma ngani begodu inqophe kuphi, leyo mitlolo nanyana idatha ibizwa ngokuthi mininingwana. 

Isibonelo, lokha nawuthatha imitlolo yakho oyibutheleleko uyifunda begodu uyizwisisa bonyana ikhuluma ngezamaphilo nemitjhoga, imitlolo leyo ibizwa bonyana mininingwana. 

### Ilwazi
Ilwazi mniningwana leyo osele uyisebenzisile begodu wazi imiphumela yakhona emihle nemimbi. Ngamanye amagama, lokha nawuthatha imininingwana uyisebenzise ukwenza into ethize bese uyaphumelela nanyana uyabhalelwa ukufinyelela umnqopho wakho, imininingwana leyo ibizwa bonyana lilwazi.
Isibonelo, nawuthatha imininingwana yokubhaga amatjhatjhatjha bese ilandela imilayo yawo ukwenza amatjhatjhatjha. Ekugcineni, ugcine uwenzile amatjhatjhatjha nanyana akuhlulile, imininingwana leyo ibizwa bonyana lilwazi ngombana uyisebenzisile begodu uyazi bonyana imiphumela yayo iba njani. 

### Isiphetho
Idatha ikhombisa izinga lokuthoma lobuhlakani bese kuthi umniningwana wona ukhombise izinga eliphakathi lobuhlakani. Kanti-ke, ilwazi lona likhombisa ilwazi eliphezulu lobuhlakani. Idatha, umniningwana nelwazi azifani kodwana ziyahlobana njengombana umtlolo ukuze ube mniningwana uthoma ube yidatha begodu ukuze umniningwana ube lilwazi ufuna ukusetjenziswa begodu kwaziwe umphumela wakhona. Kuqakathekileko bonyana siwazisise woke amathemu la.
Idwendwe nobukhazi

**Idwendwe nobukhazi** mnyanya wesiNdebele. Isokana liyakhamba liyokubawa umkhamanzi, bese liyameba. Kuthi lingameba bese liyakhamba liyokutjela umndeni wekhabo mkhamanzi bona bafunele nganeno. Ismanje siyangena, ngeLesithathu abogogo bayayeyezela, ngeLesine kuba sikira, Ngelesihlanu umalukazana ubuyela ekhabo uphekelelwa lidwendwe labo mma neenkomo zobukhazi. Kuthi ngoMgqibelo kuhlatswe ubukhazi, iinkomo ziyabiwa ngokuya kwamagama wazo. Okhunye godu kuyambeswana okutjho bona bakhiphelana izipho ezithileko. Umakoti uphiwa igama lokwendeni azokubizwa ngalo lokha nakafika emzini.
IMonkeypox

**IMonkeypox** kugula okuthileko  okuhlasela abantu. ESewula Afrika sele kunabantu ababanjwe sisifo lesi. Kusisifo esivela eenlwaneni sibambe abantu. sithoma ngokuthi umuntu aphathwe mkhuhlani, ihloko, avuvuke imisipha begodu avele iratjhi emzimbeni kuthi ngokukhmba kwesikhathi aphume iinlonda eziphuma amanzi.

Uvikela njani ukubhebhetheka kwe monkeypox

I Monkeypox ingavikelwa ngokuthi lokha umuntu nakazi bona bonyana unamaphawu wokuthi kungeka abanjwe sisifo lesi bese avakatjhele emtholapilo ukuthola isizo.
Iflaga yeSewula Afrika

**Iflaga yeSewula Afrika** yatlanywa ngonyaka ka-1994 ngenyanga kaMrhayili, kwabese yamukelwa ngenyanga kaSihlabantangana ngo-1994, ngesikhathi sekhetho zombelele ye-Sewula Afrika yango-1994, ukujamiselela iflaga ebeyisetjenziswa kusukela ngonyaka ka-1928 ukuya ku-1994.

Iflaga ye Sewula afrika inemibala esithandathu.

## Iinkomba
Ifundo

## Ifundo
Ifundo esikhathini esiphila kiso ibalulekile empilweni zabantu ngombana inabisa ilwazi lomuntu begodu yandisa nekghono lomuntu, lokhu kufaka hlangana ukwamukela ilwazi elitjha ngesibanga sokungezelela lelolwazi esele unalo begodu ifundo inikela isisekelo sengemuso elihle. 

Esikhathini esiphila kiso imisebenzi eminengi sele ifuna ilwazi elithize lefundo, Ifundo enarheni yekhethu ihlukaniswe ngokwamazinga amabili, okufaka hlangana amazinga asisekelo namazinga aphakemeko. 

Izinga lefundo liqakatheke khulu ekulemukiseni abantu ngezinga lwelwazi nanyana lefundokghono abanawo. Esikhathini esinengi abantu abanezinga eliphezulu lefundo basebenzisa amagama womukhakha loyo ifundokghono lakhe liwela ngaphasi kwakhona. Amagama la kungenzeka angazwisiseki komunye umuntu ongakafundeli ifundokghono lakhe. 

Ngebanga lobudisi obukhona lokha nawungakafundi, ababelethi abanengi bazithola ngaso soke isikhathi bakhuthaza abentwana babo bonyana bafunde. Lokhu bakwenza ngombana babathanda begodu bafuna ukuthi babe nekusasa elihle nanyana ingomuso elingcono.
Ifundo sikhiya saksasa

**Ifundo** iqakatheke khulu esikhathini sanamhlanje , ngombana kufanele ufunde ukwazi ukufumana umsebenzi . Uziphilele ngendlela ofuna ngayo uzenzele koke okbalulekileko okfunako.

Esikhathini sanje nawungakafundi awsililitho ebantwini ngombana nemisebenzi itholakala ngefundo  begodu ubonakala umumuntu ongakazimiseli epilweni .
Ifundo yama 2000

**Ama 2000** babantu abathanda ukubona izinto ngokwabo abafuni ukuzwa ngobatjho, nangendlela bazi phatha ngayo ayifani nayo yawoke umuntu, kungebangelo nefundweni bazenzela umathanda. Yeke bakhona abathanda ukuthi naba fikileko endaweni kwaziwe bonyana nangu yena seka fikile,. abanye bona bazimisele ngeemfundo zabo begodu bafuna ukuzibona baphumelele epilweni, bese kunabanye abafuna ipilo le ibe lula kibo babe nakho koke ebakufunako bangakakusebenzeli. Mhlapha nje kwakune sokana ekhabe lifunda ibanga letjhumi nanye layekela isikolo layokusebenza, lathi nasele libona bonyana alisakghoni ukusebenza labuyela esikolweni lafunda. Sele libona bonyana liphumelele ebangeni elilandelako, laphuma godu. 

## IFUNDO YAMA 2000
Ngithe nangilibuzako lathi lona lifuna imali, ifundo le iyambambezela ngombana unababelethi abamenzela koke akufunako. Nangibona bonyana unakho koke ngabona kobana ngikho abona ngathi ifundo ayikaqakatheki kangako. Ngabuza omunye engimbona bonyana uli-2000 naye wathi yena ifundo akusiyo yakhe, ngokuya ngaye ngathana uhlala ekhaya bamnikele yoke into ayifunako begodu bamuphe nemali ayifunako ngaso soke isikhathi, ngiye ngambuza kobana akaqabangi bona nakangaba neyakhe imali angazenzela koke lokhu nokunye okudlula lokhu na? ipilo yabo abanye babo abayiboni isefundweni bafuna izinto zize bahlezi.
IFUNDO YAMA 2000.
Iinthuthi

## Iinthuthi

### Isingeniso
Iinthuthi zizinto lezo ezithutha izinto ezifana nabantu, iinlwani neesetjenziswa ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye indawo (Wikipedia 2024). Imihlobo yeenthuthi ifaka iinthuthi zemoyeni, zaphasi (indlela neentimela), nezemanzini.

### Imihlobo yeenthuthi
Intuthi zemoyeni zifaka iimphaphamtjhini neembhanoyi. (Wikipedia 2024) Iimphaphamtjhini ziinthuthi ezikhamba emoyeni begodu esikhathini esinengi zitholakala edoyelweni leemphaphatjhini (Wikipedia 2024). Kanti-ke, iimbhanoyi zona kanti zisebenziswa babantu neenkhaphani zangeqadi. Nazo iimbhanoyi zikhamba emoyeni. Esikhanini esinengi zisebenza ukuthutha abantu, iinlwana neensetjenziswa.

Iinthuthi zaphasi, kuziinthuthi lezo ekhamba phasi, ekufaka indlala neentimela (Ahjum, Merven, Stone no-Caetano 2018). Iinthuthi lezi zisetjengiswa miphakathi neenkamphani zangeqadi ukuthutha abantu, iimpahla, iseentjenziswa, iinlwani nezinye izinto (Bartneck 2021). Kukhona iinthuthi ezisebenzisa imbaseli ezihlukeneko, ezifaka hlangana ipethroli nedizili (Scurt, Vesselenyi, Tarca, Beles no-Dragomir 2021). Iinthuthi zaphasi zona zingahlukaniswa ngale indlela: isitimela, ibhesi teksi, ikoloyi kanye netsikiri.

Iinthuthi zemanzi zona, kuziinthuthi lezo ezikhamba emanzini lezo ezisetjenzisa babantu, umphakath, umbuzo kanye neekhamphani zangeqadi (Wikipedia 2024). Iinthuthi lezi zona zisetjenziselwa imisebenzi eminingi leyo efana nokuthuthwa abantu, iimpahla, iinsetjenziswa kanye neenlwazi. Iinthuthi zemanzini lezi zona zihlukene kanengi zifaka lezi: iinkepe nemikhumbi.

### Isiphetho
Iinthuthi ngizo zoke izinto lezo ezisetjenziswa ukuthutha izinto ukusuka endaweni enye ukuya kwenye. Inthuthi lezo zingasebenzisa iimbaseli ukukhamba nanyana angawasebenzini. kargo şubesi

### Isilululwazi
Iinganekwane

**Iinganekwane** ziindaba egade zicocwa babantu abadala kade begodu azinabo abatloli. Abogogo beba coca inganekwane ebusuku lokha woke umuntu ahlezi phasi.Inganekwane zaba zicocwa ngesibanga sokobana abogogo babe bafuna abantwana bangabi nesizungu. Kade kwabe kungakavumeleki bona ucoce inganekwane emini, bekuthiwa nawuzicoca emini uzokumila iimpondo. Esikhathini Sanje izinto sele zitjhugulukile ngombana sele zikhona nokufundwa eenkolweni emini begodu sele zitlowe phasi.
Iinkathi zomnyaka

## Iinkathi zomnyaka.

### Isingeniso
Nasikhuluma ngeenkathi zomnyaka sisuke sikhuluma ngobujamo bezulu lobo obuhlukaniswe ngeenyanga entathu, khulukhulu la eSewula Afrika. Ngamanye amagama iinkathi zomnyaka lezi zihlukaniswe kane nawutjheja bonyana umnyaka uneenyanga ezilitjhumi nambili. Iinkathi zomnyaka zona ngilezi, ihlobo, isiruthwani, ubusika nesilimela. 
Iinkathi zomnyaka

Kanti zona iinkathi lezi zikhamba zihlukaniswa ngeenyanga zomnyaka ngendlela elandelako:

1.	**Ihlobo**: ihlobo lithoma kanengi ngoNobayeni kufikela ekupheleni kukaMhlolanja

2.	**Isiruthwani**: isiruthwani sithoma kanengi ngoNtaka kufikela ekupheleni kukaMrhayili

3.	**Ubusika**: ubusika buthoma kanengi ngoMgwengweni kufikela ekupheleni kukaRhoboyi.

4.	**Isilimela**: isilimela sithoma kanengi ngoKhukhulamungu kufikela ekuthomeni kukaSinyikhaba

### Ihlobo:
Ehlobo kanengi amalanga walo ayatjhisa begodu kunezulu elinengi, khulukhulu eendaweni eziwela ngaphasi kobujamo bezulu ithrophikhali. Ukungezelela, iindawo lapho kutjhisa khulu khona uzokubona ngabonompopoloza abanengi tle kanye nokubahlaza kotjani nemithi. 

### Isiruthwani:
Esiruthwaneni kanengi amalanga wakhona afudumele begodu akusatjhisi khulu njengoba sendlalela ubusika. Ngesikhathi sesiruthwani, abantu abanengi bayavuna lokho ebe bakutjalile ngehlobo. Ukungezelela, nezulu nalo alisani ngamandla khulu.

### Ubusika:
Ebusika kanengi amalanga wakhona amakhaza khulu begodu eendaweni lezo ubujamo bazo bezulu kungebethrophikhali izulu alisani. Kodwana, iindawo lezo ubujamo bazo kuyi- Mediterranean, izulu liyana kwambala tle begodu likhamba negabhogo nomoya omakhaza tle. Ngesikhathi lesi somnyaka imithi ithintheka amakazi begodu notjani nabo buyoma. Isikhathi lezi sinemililo eminengi yehlathini leyo ezenzelekako.

### Isilimela:
Isilimela kanengi amalanga wakhona athoma ufudumele njengoba sindlalela ihlobo. Begodu, imithi, iintjalo notjani buthoma ukutlhurha nokuthela. Ukuragela phambili, nezulu lithoma ukuna kodwana lincani kwambala. Into enengi mumoya onamandla loya oguga nehkabathi namatje amancani lawo abetha kabuhlungu eenyaweni.

### Isiphetho
Iinkathi zomnyaka ziqakatheke khulu bonyana sizazi nokuthi sizihlukanise njengombana sithwele umlayezo mayelana nokuthi singalindela ini nanyana siziphathe njani njengalokha ebusika siyazi bonyana kufanele simbathe iimpahla ezifudumeleko kanti ngesilimela kufanele sithome silime begodu sitjale.
Ikolo yamakhrestu

**Ikolo yamakhrestu** yikolo eqale iimfundiso zika zimu. Amakhrestu bathemba bona uJesu wafela izono zethu soke. Ukuze siphile inguna phakade. Lokho kwenza bona noma senze okungakhambiselani nekolo le, sibuyele kuzimu ngomthandazo simubawe bona asilibalele. Kanengi abantu abamakhrestu babizwa bona bazalwana. Omunye angathi makholwa. 
**Amalanga aqhakathekile ** wamakholwa kufaka hlangana nelanga lokubhubha kukaJesu, esithi yi *Good Friday*, nelanga lokubelethwa kukaJesu, okuyikhrismasi. Abanye bangabala nokubhabhadiswa njengesikhumbuzo. Bathemba bona umuntu uba sidalwa esitjha. I-*Good Friday* kanengi iba ngenyanga kaSihlabantangana. Amasonto ayahlangana bakhumbule ukubhubha nokuvuka kukaJesu.
Ikondlo

**Ikondlo** kumtlolo lapho imbongi nanyana umtloli aveza khona amazizo wakhe ngesihloko esithileko esisekhumbulweni waso.Ikondlo itlolwa ngemida engafiki ekugcineni kwekhasi kodwana iphelela phakakthi nendawo. ihlukuniseke ngokwendima ezibizwa bona ma- stanza ngelimi lesiNgisi. Ikondlo ineskhiwo sangaphandle nesangaphakathi.

## Iinkomb.
Ikrismesi

**Ikrismesi** umgidingo odumileko kwikolo yobukrestu begodu igidingwa engcenyeni ezinengi zephasi namhlanje. Iskhathesi sihlanganisa kusikathi esihle khulu lapho imindeni ithola ithuba lokobana bahlanganyele bebavuselele ukuzwana kwabo. Umgidingo lo ukhumbula ilanga uJesu abelethwa ngalo, ngen 25 kunobayeni qobe minyaka. Ungabona kobanyana Ikrismesi itjhidile ngerhwebo begodu neplarha zerhwebo enarheni yoke.

## Ukubaluleka kwelanga lika krisimusi
Ngelanga lika kresumusi abantu benza okuhlukahlukeneko ngombana kulilanga elihle khulu emuntwini woke, Abazalwana baya esondweni, imindeni iyapheka, abanye bazikhuphela endaweni zokududa kanye nokunye okunengi. Ngifuna kuthiwa bathi umndeni kade ucabene kangangani kodwana ngelanga leli bazwana boke befuthi kuyabambiswana.
Ilanga Lamabeletho

## Ilanga Lamabeletho

### Isingeniso
Ilanga lamabeletho ngezinye zezinto eziqakathekileko ebantwini abanengi begodu liletha injabulo ebantwini abanengi. Abantu ngokwahlukana kwabo balizwisisa ngeendla ezihlukileko begodu lokho kwenza bonyana baligidinge ngeendlela ezihlukileko. Eenhlokwaneni ezilandelako sizokutjheja bonyana ilanga lamabeletho liyini begodu lisuselwa kuphi.

### Liyini ilanga lamabeletho?
Ilanga lamabeletho lilanga lelo omuntu avela nanyana abelethwa ngalo (Wikipedia 2024). Ilanga leli lisikhumbuzo emuntwini loyo obelethwe ngalo bonyana wathoma nanyana wafika ephasini la ngelanga lelo (The Yard Designs 2024). Ngamanye amagama, ilanga lamabeletho kulilanga elikutjela bonyana ipilo yakho yathoma ngaleli langa enyangeni yeminyaka nanyana yomnyaka ogadungileko.

Nanyana kunjalo-ke, ilanga lamabeletho aligidingwa ngokufana ngebanga leenzathu ezifaka ikolo, umbono womuntu kanye nezehlalakuhle zeemali. Abantu abamakholwa njengabafakazi bakaJesu abaligidingi kokufana njengamakholwa amaMozilemu; ngokufanako, abantu abanemali abaligidingi ngokufanako nabantu abanganamali nanyana abazidobhela phasi.

### Ingabe ilanga lamabeletho lasuselwa kuphi?
Ukuthi ilanga lamabeletho lasuselwa kuphi akuveli kuhle. Kukhona amarhubhululo amanengi lawa azama ukufunyana iimpendulo mayelana nokusungulwa kwelanga lamabeletho kodwana azange kube netlha (Reboundersz 2024). Kodwana kukhona abakholelwa bonyana ilanga lamabeletho lasungulwa yiKosi yamaGibhide, uPharoah ngeminyaka eziin-3000 ngaphambi kokubelethwa kukaJesu (Rebounderesz 2024). Ngaleso sikhathi ilanga leli belisetjenziswa njengetshwayo lokuthokoza nololotjha uPharoah. Ngokukhamba kwesikhathi ilanga leli lakhamba liba namatjhugululo lawo afakwa nezinto eligidingwa ngalo.  

### Isiphetho
Ilanga lamabeletho kulilanga eliqakathekileko ebantwini abanengi begodu ligidingwa ngeendlela ezihlukeneko. Ilanga leli limumethe umlayezo ohlukileko ebantwini abahlukeneko. 

### Isilululwazi