Umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko: Isifundo mayelana nehlobanolwazi (reference)

## Umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko: Isifundo mayelana nehlobanolwazi (reference)

### '''1. Isingeniso'''
Amanye namanye amazinga wemikhakha anamatshwayo lawo akhethekileko awenza ahluke kwamanye. Ngokufanako ifundo ephakemeko nayo inamatshwayo lawo ayenza ihluke kunefundo esisekelo. Elinye lamatshwayo aqakathekileko mtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko. Umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko lo unendlela kanye nezinto ezilandelwako ngesikhathi usetjenziswa nanyana utlolwa. Eenhlokwaneni ezilandelako zizokutjheja bonyana kuyini umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko begodu ukuqakatheka kwawo kuyini.

### '''2. Kuyini umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko?'''
Ngokuya kwe-EAP Foundation (2025) umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko kuyindlela yokuveza amaqhinga, ilwazi nerhubhululo eemphakathini wezefundo ephakemeko. Umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko lo uyikambiso nezinga lefundo ephakemeko ekufanele lilandelwe ngesikhathi kutlolwa nanyana kurhutjululwa (Wikipedia 2025). Woke umuntu ozibandakanya efundweni ephakemeko ekufaka hlangana abafundi nabafundisi nanyana abosofundokghono kufanele balandele ikambiso nezinga lokutlola lelo elibekiweko ngesikhathi batlola ngaphasi kwesigugu nanyana iziko elithize lefundo ephakemeko (Akkaya no-Aydin 2018). Nanyana kunjalo, umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko lo uyahluka ngokuya kweziko nanyana kwesigungu sezefundo ephakemeko. Ngalokho-ke, kuqakathekile bonyana lokha nawuzibandaka neziko elithize lezefundo ephakemeko wazi ukuthi basebenzisa muphi umhlobo womtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko.

#### 2.1. Ezinye zezinto eziqakathekileko ngaphasi komtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko ngilezi ezilandelako:
1.     Ukuhlonipha ubuhlakani bomuntu ngokwenza ireference nanyana ihlobanolwazi. Ihlobanolwazi lihlukene Kabili, kukhona ihlobano lwazi langaphakathi komtlolo kanye nerhelo lawo loke liphelele, lelo elaziwa ngomthombolwazi nanyana isilululwazi (Akkaya no-Aydin 2018). Asitjheje iimbonelo ezilandelako zehlobanolwazi langaphakathi komtlolo:

-         Ngokuya kukaMtsweni (2025) kumakhaza la.

-         Kumakhaza la (Mtsweni 2025).

               ***Isitjengiso 1*** 

Iimbonelo ezimbili lezi kusitjengiso 1 kumhlobo wehlobanolwazi lokuhlonipha ubuhlakani babanye abantu. Umhlobo lo usetjenziswa ngaphakathi komtlolo nanyana lokha nawusatlolako (Akkaya no-Aydin 2018). Umhlobo olandelako wehlobanolwazi usetjenziswa ekugcineni komtlolo. Ngamanye amagama, uwuthola ekugcineni lapho sele umtloli nanyana usofundokghono aqede ikulumopendulwano nanyana irhubhululo lakhe. Asitjhejeni isibonelo esilandelako:

2.      **Mtsweni, B. R.** 2025. Ukuqakatheka kwelimi. *Mtsweni Journal of African Languages*, 13(2):13-33.

3.     **Sibanyoni, A. J.** 2025. *Ukudla kwesikhethu.* IsiKhethu Publishers. ESewula Afrika: Etshwane. 

      *** Isitjengiso 2*** 

Isibonelo 2 kusitjengiso 2, sisitjengisa bonyana ilwazi elinye lithethwe kujenali. iJenali leyo imthombolwazi nanyana lapho umtlolo osetjenziswe kurhubhululo uthethwe khona mayelana nerhubhululo. Ukungezelela, isibonelo 2 lesi ngaphasi kwesitjengiso 2 sitjengisa bonyana ilwazi elithethwe kujenali litlolwa njani  kurhelo lomthombolwazi. Ngokufanako kusibonelo 3, kusitjengisa bonyana incwadi itlolwa njani kusilululwazi nanyana kurhelo lomtholwazi nangabe isetjenziswe ngaphasi kwerhubhululo. Yelela, ngaphathi kwerhelo lomthombolwazi nanyana lesilululwazi kutlolwa imithombo leyo esetjenziswe ngaphakathi emtlolweni werhubhululo kwaphela (Education and Training Boards Ireland 2019). Begodu, imithombolwazi leyo kufanele itholakale ngaphasi komtlolo werhubhululo nanyana wekulumopendulo. Esihlokweni esilandelako sizokutjheja ukuqakatheka komtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko.

### '''3. Ukuqakatheka komtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko.'''
Umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko uqakatheke ngendlela ezinengi emphakathini, enarheni kanye nefundweni ephakemeko. Ezinye zizo oqakatheke ngazo ngezilandelako:

1.     Umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko wenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ubuhlakani bomunye umuntu buyahlonitjhwa (Wikipedia 2025). Loke ilwazi elifakwe ngaphasi kwerhelo lomthombolwazi nanyana isilululwazi, abanikazi balo bazokwaziwa begodu bahlonitjhwe ngokuthi ilwazi labo lisetjenziswe kuhle.

2.     Umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko udlala indima ekuthuthukiseni ilwazi, ukwabelana ngelwazi kanye nokufundisana (Education and Training Boards Ireland 2019). Loke ilwazi elifakwe ngophasi kwehlobanolwazi, liyafundwa bese lirhunyutjhwe ukuze kuzwisise bonyana balinga ukusilemukisa ngani.

3.     Umtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko wenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ukwethulwa kwelwazi lerhubhululo kufane.  Boke abafundi nabafundisi bamaziko wefundo ephakameko athize, balandela indlela nanyana umhlobo othize womtlolo wezefundo ephakemeko ukuze baphumelele ukudlulisa umlayezo wabo. 

### '''4. Isiphetho'''
Umtlolo wezefundo ephekemeko uqakathekile ekwenzeni isiqiniseko sokuthi ilwazi liragela phambili begodu liyabelwana. Kodwana, ukukhulu kukuthi wenza isiqiniseko sokuthi abantu balandele imigomo neendlela ezifanako ngesikhathi batlola nanyana benza amarhubhululo wabo.

### '''5. Umthombolwazi'''