open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Itheku.

**Itheku**; Itheku ngezinye zeendawo ezithandwa khulu babantu. Abantu abanengi bayathanda ukuziphumela, ukuzikhuphela nanyana ukuvakatjhela khona nanyana baphumuze ingqondo khona. Nanyana kunjalo, amatheku la akatholakali koke inarheni. Kukhona iimfunda ezinganawo. Eenhlokweni ezilandelako sizokutjheja bonyana itheku liyini begodu litholakala eendaweni ezinjani.

## Kuyini itheku?
Ngokuya kwe-Wikipedia (2025) isekelwa yi-Alsharqi (2025) itheku kulibala elikhulu lamanzi lelo elihlangana bunqopha namanzi welwandle. I-National Geographic (2025) ingezelele yathi, itheku kulibala lamanzi lelo elizonjelelwe ihlabathi ukuze abantu bakwazi ukukhamba benze nezinye izinto. Ngamanye amagama, itheku kulibala lamanzi lawo ayingcenye yelwandle asekuthomeni kwelwandle lapho kuhlangene khona nehlabathi nanyana indawo eyomileko ukuze abantu bakwazi ukukhamba begodu baye emanzini badude. Kwesinye isikhathi uthola ukuthi amanzi la kumamanzi abuya elwandle nemlanjenikazi  (National Geographic, 2025).

Itheku alisiyindawo ethandwa babantu kwaphela; kodwana, liyikhaya leenlwani ezinengi zemanzini  ezifaka hlangana iimfesi, ikghuru neenkalakala (National Geographic. 2025). Itheku libuye lisize khulu mayelana nemithwalo neempahla evela kwezinye iinarha nanyana ethunyelwa kwezinye iinarha ngemikhumbi ngombana idoyelo lemikhumbi litholakala khulu emathekwini (Kids Britannica, 2025). Kufanele sikhumbule bonyana lokha iimpahla nazithunyelwa ngaphandle nanyana zamukelwa la eSewula Afrika, kufanele kube nendawo la imikhumbi izakwazi ukujama khona lula ukuze iimpahla lezo zilayitjhwe nanyana zihliswe begodu ukghone ukusuka lula, iindawo lezo matheku.

## Iindawo nanyana iimfunda la amatheku atholakala khona
ESewula Afrika amatheku akatholakali kizo zoke iimfunda ngebanga lokuthi ezinye zeemfunda ziimfunda ezingaphakathi kwenarha njengeGauteng neMpumalanga (Britannica, 2025). Kodwana iimfunda ezilandelako zinamatheku: IKwaZulu Natala, iTlhagwini Kapa, iPumalanga Kapa neTjhingalanga Kapa. Iimfunda ezine lezi zinemithetho leyo elawula ukusetjenziswa kwamatheku babantu, imiphakathi kanye namabubululo ngokusebenzisana neenhlangano ezifana nesiGungu seSewula Afrika somThelo leso esitjheje bona yoke ipahla eza eSewula Afrika kufanele bonyana ibhadele umthetho ogunyazwako.

## Isiphetho
Itheku linemisebenzi eminengi eempilweni zabantu ngaphandle kokuba yindawo yokunandisa nalapho abantu baditjha khona. Kodwana, lidlala indima eqakathekileko mayela nokunikela enye indlela yokuthuthwa kweempahla lezo eziya ngaphandle kwezinye iinarha nanyana ezivela kwezinye iinarha eziza ngekhaya. Ngalokho-ke, kuqakathekile bona sizijwayeze bonyana itheku liyini begodu lisetjenziswa njani ukuze sikhambelane nemithetho yawo.

## Umthombolwazi
ILanga lethando

**Ilanga lethando** kulilanga elaziwa ngelimi lesiNgisi bona Yi Valantine's day. ilanga leli ligidingwa cobe nyaka ngenyanga kaMhlolanja amalanga nakali-14. ngokwesiko kulilanga lapho abantu baveza khona ithando labo abanalo  emindenini, ebanganinni begodu nebantwini abahlekisana nabo.

## kwenziwani ngelanga lethando?

### Abantu baphana izipho
Iinthandani ngelanga leli zithengelana izipho ezifana namathuthumbo, amatjhokoledi, namakhadi njengendlela yokukhombisana uthando nokuthabelana. abanye baba namakhambo njengendlela yokuzikhipha.

### Bapheka amadina
Abanye bakhetha ukupheka amadina akhethekileko bakhanyise namakhandlela bese badle bobali, leyo into bayenza ngehloso yokuceda isikhathi ndawo yinye begodu babelane ngothando. Idina le bangayidlela ekhaya nanyana esitolo sokudla esisecophelweni. Abanye bayakhamba bayokubukela ama movie nanyana baye lapho kuno mgidi khona wokumvumo bazithabise.

### batlolelana iincwadi namakhadi
Abanye bathanda ukutlolela imilayezo emnandi yethando, baveze indlela ebazizwa ngayo ngabalingni babo, abanani nanyana ababelethi babo. Le yindlela yakade yokwenza izinto kodwana iyakhona ukwenza bona abantu batjhidelane khulu ngombana amezwi kuyindlela enamandla yokuveza imizwa.

## liqakatheke ngani ilanga leli?
Ilanga lethando liqakatheke ngokuthi likhuthaza abantu abathandanako bonyana bakhone ukuceda isikhathi ndawonye, begodu bakhone nokuvezelana indlela abathandana ngayo.Kuyindlela yokukhulisa ithando, ubungani nokuzwana emindenini. kulilanga lokuletha injabulo ebantwini nokukhulisa ubudlelwane.
Ikolo

**Ikolo** kuyinto ephathelene nommoya, kukulapho abantu bakholelwa khona into ebakholelwa kiyo le kufuze kube yinto ebayibona bonyana inamandla ngokommoya begodu ikhethekile. isibonelo sezinto abantu abangakholelwa kizo kungaba nguZimu, isithombe sento ethileko, nofana abezimu. ikolo kuyinto eyenza abantu bona bakhone ukuzwsisa iphasi ebaphila kilo. kuyinto eyeza bona abantu baphile ngokwesiko , neminyanya ethileko njengendlela yokuveza ikolo yabo. Imihlobo yeenkolo esezikhona esewula Afrika ngilezi: Sifumana ikolo yobukhrestu, ikolo ye Islam, ikolo yama Hindu, ikolo yama Juda, ikolo yama Bhuda kanye nekolo yabaphasi.

### IMIHLOBO YEKOLO

#### Ikolo yobukhrestu
Lekolo ngeyabantu abakholelwa kuZimu begodu abakholwa bonyana uJesu yindodana kaZimu ezelwe iyodwa eyasuka ezulwini yeza ephasini ukuzofela izono zabantu begodu yahlongakala yavuka ngemva kwamalanga amathathu. Abantu abokholelwa kile kolo bathanda ukusebenzisa isiphambano njengethswayo lekolo yabo. le ngenye yeenkolo elandewa babantu abanengi khulu ephasini. Ikolo yamakhrestu kuyikolo ekholelwa embhabhadisweni wabantu njengethswayo lokobana umuntu uzelwe kabutjha sele aphila ipilo yakhe anoZimu.

#### ikolo ye-Islam
Le yikolo yabantu ababizwa bona ma Muslim, bakholelwa ku zimabo obizwa bona ngu "Allah" begodu nakumphrofidi obizwa bona "nguMuhammad". Bafunda iincwadi i Quran, Amarhubo, ne Torah lezi bakholwa bona ziincwadi ezathunyelwa kibo ngu zimu wabo u Allah. 

#### Ikolo yamaHindu
Amahindu akholelwa ku zimu wabo obizwa bona nguBrahman. Bakholelwa bona yoke into umuntu ayenzako inemphumela yakhona efanele bona umuntu aqalane nayo epilweni nanyana lokha sele adlulile ephasini. AmaHindu anabozimu abathathu uBrama(ngumdali) Vishnu (mgcini wabo) Shiva (mbhubhisi)

#### ikolo yamaJuda
AmaJuda akholelwa ekutheni kunoZimu oyedwa ephasini begodu nguye odale izulu nomhlaba. AmaJuda afunda itorah njenge ncwadi yabo ebafundisa ngozimu, iTorah le ineencwadi ezihlanu zokuthoma ezatlowa ngu Mose ebhayibhilini.

#### ikolo yabaphasi
Le yikolo yabantu abanzima abakholelwa ebezimini. abezimu kubabantu abebaphila ephasini kodwana bahlongakala nje imimoya yabo sele isebenza ukubapha inhlanhla nokubavikela.

## Iinkomba
Ukubulunga imali

**Ukubulunga imali** kukulokha umuntu athatha ingcenye yemali yakhe ayitholako njengomrholo bese ayibekele isikhathi esizako angayisebenzisi ngeholoso yokuthi  ikhone ikumsiza ngesikhathi esizako. Ukubulunga imali kusisenzo esiqakathekileko begodu senza bona umuntu abenemali nokuthi ahlale ngaphandle kokusaba ukutlhoga imali.

## Kuqakatheke ngani ukubulunga imali?

##### Kukusiza ukuthi okhone ukwenza izinto ozifisako
Ukubulunga imali kulekelela umuntu bona akghone ukufeza izinto azifisako ezihle ezifana nokuthi ukghone ukuthenga imodere, wakhe indlu ehle kanokutjho  begodu ungakghona ukubhadalela abantwana ifundo yabo yamazinga aphezulu. Zinengi izinto umuntu angazenza ngokuthi abulunge imali omunye umuntu angathatha imali ayibulungileko ayisebenzise bona athome ibubulo elizomakhela umnotho.

### Kukukhipha ehlathini lokha nakunekinga
Nawumumuntu obulunga imali, nawuvelelwa sisiga obewu ngakasicabangi esifana nokuthi uphelelwe msebenzi, ingozi, nanyana ugulelwe sihlobo sakho uyakghona ukuthi uthathe imali oyibulungileko ukuthi bonyana ikulekelele bona ukhone ukuthi uphume emirarweni oqalane nayo.

### Kusiza ukubalekela iinkolodo

Ukubulunga imali kurhelebha bona umuntu abalekele ukwenza iinkolodo lokha nasele avelelwa miraro ebakangakayilindeli. Kuvikela nokuthi  umuntu angasebenzisi  imali ngendlela  engakhombisi ukuhlakanipha.

### Ukwakha umnotho
Ukubulunga imali kulekelela umuntu bona akhone ukwakha umnotho ngombana umuntu angakghona ukuthi athathe imali ayibulungileko ayoyitjala ibuye sele imenzele inzuzo, lokhu kuyawukhulisa umnotho womuntu
Ithiyori ka Vygotsky

**Ithiyori** ka Vygotsky kuyithoyori ehlathulula bona abantwana bakhulisa ilwazi labo ngokuthi bahlangane nabanye abantwana, nemvelo, nangokuthi  bathole ifundiso ngesiko pilo lebhoduluko ebahlala kilo.Ukukhula nofana ukuthuthuka emntwaneni kuthoma ngaphandle emntwaneni, kubhoduluko leli ahlala kilo bese litjhinge  ngaphakatho komntwana.Ithoyori le iveza bona ibhoduluko lizadlala indima ekulu  ekukhuleni komntwana. Ukukhula komkhumbulo  emtwaneni kuvela lokha umuntu afunda izinto ebanganini bakhe , ebabelethini, kubafundisi nakwabanye  abantu  bomphakathi. UVygotsky ukholwa bona umuntu nakafuna ukwenza into enzima kufanele athole irhelebho lomuntu onelwazi elikhulu  lokwenza  into leyo. Lokhu  kuzokulekelela bona umuntu  agcine sele anekghono lokwenza into leyo.
## Iscaffolding
Leli ligama lesiNgisi elitjho izinga lesekelo mntwana alidingako  ukuze abe nekghono lokwenza into ethileko ebekangakhoni ukuyenza ngokwakhe. Into enje yenzeka lokha umuntu anekghono  lokwenza into ethileko afundisa Umntwana ongana lwazi bona akghone ukwenza into leyo bekufike lapho umntwana ongenalwazi sele athola naye ikghono lokwenza into afundiswe yona ngokwakhe. Isibonelo: kulokha utitjhere afundisa umntwana ukufunda. Utitjhere uthoma ngokukhombisa umntwana bona kufundwa njani, kuthi ngokuya kwesikhathi umntwana azithole sele afunda ngokwakhe kodwana utitjhere amlekelele bona afunde lawo magama asogola ukuwafunda, bese kuthi ngokukhamba kwesikhathi  umntwana agcine sele akghona ukufunda ngokwakhe.ngaphandle werhelebho lokatitjhere.

## Ukukhuluma ngaphakathi (private speech)
Ithiyori ka Vygotsky iveza bona ilimi liqakathekile ukusiza bona umuntu akhule emkhumbulweni. Ilimi ngilo elenza bona umuntu akghone ukucabanga. Abantwana  bakhuluma bodwa ukuze bakghone  ukulawula izenzo zabo lokha nabadlalako isenzo lesibizwa bona yi private speech.Isenzo lesi ngiso esenza bona umntwana akghone ukulawula indlela yache yokuziphatha, nemicaango yakhe ngokuthi  aphimise lokhu akucabangako.
Iinyanga zonyaka

**Iinyanga zonyaka** Iinyanga zonyaka zilitjhumi nambili enyakeni.Zikghona ukusivezela isikhathi sonyaka esikiso. Lawa mabizo wakhona ngelimi lesiNdebele.

1. Tjhirhweni 

2. Mhlolanja

3. Ntaka

4. Sihlabantangani 

5. Mrhayili 

6. UNgwengweni 

7. Velabahlinze

8. URhoboyi

9. Ukhukhulamungu

10. USewula

11. USinyikhaba

12. UNobayeni
Iinomboro

**Inomboro** lithswayo lezembalo elisetjenziswa ukubala inani lezinto ezibalwako, ezimedwako nofana izikhonjwako nemalni. Inomboro isisekelo sesisfundo seembalo ngombana sisebenzisa iinomboro ukuveza ubukhulu bento, isisindo begodu nobukhulu bayo.Lokha inomboro nayingekho ngekhe sakghona ukuba nesifundo seembalo. Iinomboro sikhona ukuziveza ngeendlela ezinengi ezifana nama fraktjhini, ama-inthija, amadesimali.

Ukubala ngelimi lesiNdebele

1- kunye, 2- kubili,3- kuthathu, 4- kune, 5- kuhlanu, 6- sithandathu,7- Likhomba, 8-bunane, 9- Lithoba, 10- litjhumi…

100- Likhulu

1000- Ikulungwane

1 000 000- Isigidi

Imihlobo yeenomboro

Inomboro zemvelo

1, 2, 3,4,5,6,7,8,9

Ama- iinthija

Ziimnomboto kusuka ku 0 ukukhuphuka begodu zifake nalezo nomboro ezibizwa bona ziinomboro ezinegethivu.

-3,-2,-1, 0,1,2,3

Iinomboro eziretjhinali

Ngilezo nomboro umuntu angakhona ukuzibhala zibe amafraktjhini. Kungaba ziinomboro ezimadesimali nalezo ezima-iinthija

Isibonelo: ½, ¾ , 5, 10…

Iinomboro ezi-iretjhinali

Lezi ziinomboro umuntu angeze ukhona ukuzitlola nofaze aziveze njemagama fraktjhini.

Isibonelo:, π…

Iiinomboro ezi complex

Lo mhlobo weenomborolo ohlanganisa inomboro ezikhona ezibalekako nalezi ezingabalekiko.

Isibonelo 4:+2i
Ikamela

## khuyini ikamela?
**Silwana** esihlala endaweni eyome khulu begodu enganamanzi. Navene bayithethe bakhambe nayo baye endaweni enamanzi vane isele amanzi akghanorho iwabeke phezu kwengongoma engaphezulu kwetamo yayo ngehloso yokuwasororha. Nababuyel nayo la ihlala khona vane seyiselile amanzi bese ithi nayomile idose amanzi. Ikamaela ikhogona ukusela ama litha ama-100 ngasikhathi sinye.bese iwabeke emzimbeni.
engongomeni yayo begodu ikhoa ukuhlala amalanga ingaseli amanzi.

## Ukuqakatheka kwayo
Ekadeni ikamela kade isetjenziswa njengesithuthi ngombana iyakghona ukukhamba isikhati eside ingaphelelwa mdlandla wokukhamba lokha nayingakadli nanyana ingakaseli amanzi. Amehlo wayo anenkophe ezide neempumulo zayo zenza bona ikghone ukujamelana nomoya osendaweni enehlabathi eyomileko. Isikhumba sayo senza bona isilwane lesi sikhone ukujamelana nomtjhiso ongaphezu kwe 49 yamdigrizi
Amakamela endaweni ezifana ne middle east ne North yeAfrica amakela ayaba wokudla. Ibisi lekamela lizele ngomsoqo  owaziwa bona unepilo begodu wehlisa nezingalokuba sengozini yokuthola isifo setjhukela nesifo sehliziyo.
Iintjhijilo eziphathelene nokufunda nokutlola esifundweni sesiNdebele

**Kunobufakazi** bokobana abantwana beSewula Afrika banesitjhijilo sokufunda. Abantwana abenza igreyidi 3 ubunengi babo abakhoni ukufunda ngokuzwisisa lokho ebakufundako, kokubili ngelimi lekhaya begodu khulu nangelimi lesiNgisi. Lokhu kubonakala ngokobana lokha utitjhere nakaba buza umbuzo ngalokhu ebebakufunda bahluleke ukuphendula.Unobangela walokhu kungaba yindlela abotitjhere abayisebenzisako ukufundisa abafundi ukufunda. Abotitjhere basenzisa indlela yokufundisa umdumo wamatjhada kwaphela ukufundisa abantwana ukufunda bangahlanganisi nezinye indlela ezifana ne whole language approach. Lezi ezinye indlela ezihlukileko kunendlela yokufundisa ngomdumo ziyarhelebha khulu ekutheni umtwana akwazi ukufunda ngokuzwisisa ngombana zenza umntwana angazi umdumo wamatjhada kwaphela kodwa akwazi ukuhlathulula bona amagama atjho ukuthini begodu asetjenziswa bunjani.

### Ubudisi bokwakha amagama
Etlasini le greyidi 3 kunabafundi ababa nobudisi bokwakha amagama. Lokhu utitjhere nakenzisa abafundi isibizelo, abafundi abanengi bayahluleka ukwakha amagama khulu khulu lawa anamatjhada amathathu njengo tjh- no dlh-.IsisombululoImiraro ephethelene nokufunda ngaphandle kokuzwisisa utitjhere angayilungisa ngokuthi lokha nakafundisa abafundi ukufunda asebenzise indlela ezifana ne whole language approach ukufundisa abentwana ukufunda. Indlela le ibasiza ekutheni bakhone ukuzwisa amagama, begodu bakhone ukuzwisisa lokhu ebakafundako. Utitjhere kufuze afundele abafundi indatjana ngemva kwalokho abuze abafundi imibuzo emayelana nendatjana ukuze akazi ukuthuthukisa izinga labo lokuzwisisa umtlolo.

### Imiraro ephathelene nokufunda nokutlola esifundweni sesiNgisi.
Imiraro yokuphimisa amatjhada enemidumo efanekoIsiNgisi lilimi elinamagama nemidumo ephinyiswa ngokufana. Abafundi be greyidi-3 betjengisa ukubha esitjhijilo esikulu naziza ekuphimiseni umidumo yamatjhada aphinyiswa pheze ngokufana Matchet (2002:24). Isibonelo itjhada u ch- no sh- abafundi baphimisa amatjhada ngendlela efanako abakghoni ukuhlukanisa bona u ch umphimisa ngendlela yokuvuthela ngokugandela begodu leli laka sh- uliphimisa ngendlela yokuvuthela ngomoya opholileko.Isisombululo sokurarulula umraro  kukuthi abotitjhere kufuze barhubhulule indlela ezilula zokufundisa amatjhada la ukuze abantwana bakwazi ukuwahlukanisa ngokwemidumo yakhona.Abititjhere bangasenza indlela yetheknoloji bafundise abantwana basebenzise amavidiyo ukusiza abafundi bona babe nendlela zokuhlukanisa amatjhada apheze abe nomdumo ofanako.

## Iinkomba
Amabizo

## Amabizo

### Khuyini ibizo?
Ibizo ligama lento esingakghona ukuyibona nokuyighwatha, nebizo nelento engekhe sakghona ukuyibona nokuyighwatha.

## Imihlobo yamabizo

#### Amabizo mvelo
Ihlathululo: Amabizo-mvelo mabizo wokuthoma evala endabukweni yabantu. Amabizo la akakenziwa ngamanye amabizo, nanyana ngeenkhekhe zekulumo angakasuselwa

#### Amabizo mvango
Ihlathululo: mabizo lawa akhiwe ngekhekhe ezimbili zekulumo

Isibonelo: Isenzo+ ibizo(vula + umlomo)= ivulamlomo

#### Amabizo mbala
Ihlathululo : Mhlobo wamabizo esithi nasiwatlolako sitlole elidere lokuthoma ngegabhadlhela. Amabizo la afaka amabizo wabantu, weendawo nokhunye.

Isibonelo: Mpumalanga, Themba, Mahlangu

#### Amabizo vama
Ihlathululo: Lawa mabizo wezinto ezijwayelekileko esizibona mihla namalanga

Isibonelo: itafula, ilitje

#### Amabizo nyamela
Ihlathululo: Lawa mabizo wezinto engekhe sakghona ukuziphatha nokuzibona

Isibonelo: ithando, inzondo, umona

#### Amabizo bethelela
Ihlathululo: Lawa mabizo asikhiphela umnqondo wokobana lokho esikhuluma ngakho kunengi begodu singakhona ukukubala nanyana singakhoni.

Isibonelo: Inyaka, iwoma, idwendwe

#### Amabizo thathela
Ambizo-thathela  akhiwa ngokuthi  unciphise nanyana ukhulise elinye ibizo elikhona elimini lesiNdebele.

* amabizo-rhunyezo (afakwe isakhi sokunciphisa u-nyana) Isibonelo umntazanyana
* Amabizo-khulisa (afakwe isakhi sokukhulisa ukazi) Isbonelo: umukhwakazi
Iingaba zamabizo

Iingaba zamabizo

Isigaba esisebunyeni Isigaba esisebunengini

1a : u- (isib:ugogo) 1:um (u)- (Isib: umlusi)

2a abo- (Isib. Abogogo) 2:aba- (isib: abelusi)

3:um (u) (isb umhlathi) 4 imi- ( Isib; imihlathi)

5: I (li)-ili- isib. (ilimi) 6. ama- (isib:amalimi)

7: is(i) (isib isilonda) 8. izi-/iin-/im/ii-/iz - (iinlonda )

9: i(N)-( Isibn: ikomo, inkukhu) 10: iin/iim/zi isib.(iinkomo, iinkukhu njll)1

4. Ub(U) : Ubuntu, ubumnandi

15: uk(u)- isb: ukulala)

16: pha-/ phe- isb: (phambili/phezulu)
Ibhegere yephasi yomdlalo webholo yango-2010

**Ngomnyaka** we 2010 ISewula AFrika yabamba imidlalo yeFIFA, Iphaliswano lephasi lomdlalo webholo erarhwako. Iphaliliswano leli labe kungele-19 emaphaliswaneni wephasi ekhakabakhona. Lathoma ngelanga -11 ku Ngwengweni bekwaba ngelanga le11 kuVelabahlinze. Liinqhema zephasi zeza lapha ukuzokuphalisana ukulwela Ukuthumba ibhegere yephasi ebeyidlalelwa ziinarha ezikhethiweko. Iinqheema ezabe zizibandakanye ephaliswaneni leli zabe zima-32.

## Isiqheema esathumba iphaliswano leli
Isiqhema esathumba iphaliswani leli lathunjwa yinarha yeSpain. Isiqheema senarha ye Spain yahlula isiqheema seNetherlands nge 1-0 ngegondelo elafakwa ngesikhathi esingezelelweko.Umdlalo wokugcina wephaliswano wadlalelwa etatawini le Soccer city elisedorobheni le Johannesburg. Imidlalo eyadlalwako yabe ima-64 nayipheleleko. Umdlali  obekaphuma phambili kwabe ngu Diego Forlan.

## Amatatawu asetjenziswako
Abalandeli abaziingidi bavakatjhela amatatawu.  alitjhumi ukuyobukela imidlalo. :Amatatawu ebekasetjenziswa nge phaliswano lephasi:
Inyosi

**Iinyosi** ziinunwana ezibubulako ezinzima nokusarulani ngokombala. Inyosi inemilemze esithandathu begodu inomzimba ohlukaniswe kathathu. inyosi zithanda ukuhlala emathuthumbeni kanye nalapho kuneenthelo ezisudu khona.

### Ukuqakatheka kweenyosi
Nanyana zizincani ngokomzimba kodwana zidlala indima eqakathekileko emphakathini. Inyosizidlala iindima emaphilweni wabantu. Zikhamba emathuthumbeni zifuna I nektha ezizoyisebenzisa ukwenza iluju. Begodu zithatha I pollen eentjalweni zenze bone iintjalo zikhone ukuzalana. Iinyosi zihlala eenhlakaneni. 

Inyosi zidume khulu ngowenza iluju. Zilenza ngokuthi zibuthelele inektha emathuthumbeni bese ziyenze ibeliluju nge phrosesi ebizwa bona yi-*regurgitation* and evaporation. Ijuzi esudu ayibi kukudalal kwaphela kodwana ina yi antibacterial ne antifungal esiza ukwenza imitjhoga yeemvelo.

## Iinkomba
Ukurhuphula

**Ukurhuphula** kuyinto yekadeni lapho bekuthatha khona ubulongwe bekomo bese bubhiqwe namanzi ukwenza bona buthambe. Kuthi bungathamba ubulongwe lobu bese buthwelwa phasi bese basinde ngabo.

## ihlathululo  yobulongwe
Ubulongwe yinto bethuvu bekomo, ekubutjani obuphuma endenini yekomo batjhiswa yinyongo. Ubulongwe buhlaza ngokubukeka. Abanye abantu ubulongwe bayabuthatha babomise bese babusebenzise njengamalahle babase ngabo umlilo.

## Bobani abarhuphulako?
Umsebenzi wokurhuphula wenziwa bomma, nabantazana

## Kurhutjhulwa kuphi?
Ekadeni kwabe kurhutjhulwa phasi njengendlela yokuhlwengisa ngendlini ngombana ngaleso skhathi kwabe kungekho izinto ezifana nama thalesi, nefluru.Yeke ukwenzela bona kubutheke beba rhuphula ngobulongwe. Abantazana nalokha nakunequde ngibo abarhuphula irhodlo ukwenzela bona kube kuhle. Emnyanyeni wabantu abamNdebele kuyarhutjhulwa ngaphambi kobana umnyanya uthome
Amakhetho

**Amakhetho,** kuvowuda kutjho ukuzibandakanya esenzweni sombuso wentando yenengi sokukhetha abadosi phambilibenarha, bomphakathi nofana behlangano. Ukukhetha kulilungelo lawo woke umuntu ohlala enarheni yeSewula Afrika ongaphezulu kweminyaka ema-18. Ilungelo lokukhetha livumela izakhamuzi bona ziveze ukuthi zifuna ukuphathwa njani ngabantu ebabakhethileko.Umazisi uyafuneka lokha nawuya emakhethweni ukuqinisekisa bonya umuntu loyo unalo ngokweqiniso ilungelo lokukhetha ihlangano afuna bona ibuse inarha. Ngamanye amagama ukukhetha kutjho ukuveza umbono wakho kwezepolitiki. Kulithuba lokubumba ikusasa lomphakathi, inarha ngokukhetha abajameli bezepolitiki labo ababelana nawe imbono nofana isithombe esifanako nawe kwezepolitiki.

### Kwenziwani ngaphambi kobana izibandakanye emakhethweni?
Ngaphambi kobana abantu bavowude kufuze bona bazitlolisele ukukhetha esititjhini sokuzitlolisa esiseduze nalapho bahlala khona.  abanye basuke bahlulwe kuzibandakanya  emakhathweni ngombana bangakazitlolisi. Abosopolitiki bayazikhangisa ngokuthi baveze lokho ebazokwenzela abantu nofana inarha lokha nakungaba yiinhlangano zabo ezikhethwako bona zidose phambili nofana kube ngizo ezibusako. Abanye abosopolitiki bayakhamba bayokuvakatjhela iindawo ukukhuthaza abantu abahlala endaweni lezo bona bazibandakanye emakhethweni.

### Inhlangano zepolotiki ezikulu ezikhona eSewula Afrika evane ziphalisane emakhethweni.
1. ANC- African National Congress

2. EFF- Economic Freedom Fighters

3. DA- Democratic Alliance

4. MK- Mkhonto Wesizwe

Abantu abatjha kufanele bakhuthazwe ukuthi bazidakanye emakhethweni ngesibanga sokabona lokhu kuzabasiza boan bajanywele babantu labo abazikhethele bona.

## Iinkomba
UMQONDOPHIKA NO MQONDOFANA

## Umqondophika
**Umqondophika** kulokha nawuphikisana nento. Amagama amqondo phika asetjenzisa lokha nawuveza umehluko phakathi kwezinto ezimbili. Nawufaka igama elimqondo phika nelinye  emutjhweni, umutjho loyo uzokutjhuguluka utjho into ephikisa leyo ebeyikhuluma ekuthomeni

### '''Iimbonelo'''
Lala-vuka

Khamba-jama

Isikhukhukazi-umqude

Ifa-phila

Hlala-sukuma

Hleka-lila

Khwela-Hlika

Vala- vula

Phezulu – phasi

Thanda- zonda

## Umqondofana
Umqondofana kulokha nawubiza into ngelinye igama. Kumagama ahlukileko ngokubhalawa kodwana atjho into yinye nofana efanako ngokwehlathululo. Amagama la kutjho bona ungafaka elinye endaweni yelinye emutjhweni bese umutjho ugalahlekelwa ngilokho okutjhoko.

### '''Iimbonelo'''
Umnyango-umbadi.

Indlela-yipati.

Umseme-umjadeko.

Amehlo-amandiya.

Inja-umgodoyi.

Isihlahla- umuthi

Amanzi- Amawethe

Uburotho- umgadango
Itregere

## Itregere
**Itregere** Kusithuthi esimtjhini  esibonkala ngamavilo amabili makhulu nomzimbaa omncani ngombana ikhwenza umuntu munye ekunguye otjhayelako. Isithuthi lesi sisetjenziswa kwezokulima, ngombana sithuthukisa  imisebenzi yabalimi, ikhuphula izinga lomsebenzi ebawenzako ngelanga nelenzuzo  yabo.Itregere ilekelela abalimi bona bacede msinya imisebenzi yabo ukudlula lokha nabasenzisa izandla nofana iinlwana. Isibonelo: itregere ikghona ikupeta  iplasi gama iri amancani ekubeni abantu bangathatha amalanga ukwenza umsebenzi lo owenziwa yitregere.

## Umsebenzi wetregere
Amatregere alekelela abasomplasi nofana abalimi bona babe nesivuno esinengi kwezokulima ngombana  itregere ikghona ukwenza umsebenzi eminengi efana nokupeta , ukutjala, nokuvuna. Lokhu kutjho bona abalimi  nabasebenzisa itregere bangakghona ukuthola isivuno isinengi ngesikhathi esincani. Lokhu kusidosela ekutheni kube nokudla  okunengi ekuyinto ehle ngombana kuba lula ukondla isitjhaba sabantu abakhona ephasini

### Ukwehlisa izinga leendleko zemali emaplasini
Amatregere alekelela abalimi bona behlise indleko babulunge imali ngombana lokha navane une tregere akufuneki inani eliphezulu labantu abazokusebenza eplasini kunalokha unganayo itregere. Abalimi nabasenzisa itregere bakghona ukusebenza esikhundleni  esikhulu ngesikhathi esincani okutjho bona bazokhona ukukhipha Ukudla okunengi benze nenzuzo enengi.

### Iphatha kuhle ibhoduluko
Itregere iphatha kulhe ibhoduloko ngombana ayisebenzisi isibaseli esinengi lokho nabayisebenzisako begodu lawa enziwe esikhathi sanje awakhiphi intuthu  enengi okutjho bona  awasilaphsi umoya khulu

## Isiphetho
Itregere iqakathekile kwezokulima begodu kuyinto eltha itjhuguloko kwezokulima begodu kuyinto eletha itjhuguluko  kwezokulima ngombana ilekelela abalimi bona bangabi neendleko ezinengi begodu bakghone ukwenz aumsebenzi omkhulu ngesikhathi esincani. Kuyinto ehle bona abosamaplasi babe nayo.
Abaphasi

**Abaphasi** babantu egade baphila emhlabeni bahlongakala nje sele bahloweka bona baphila  ngomoya ukutlhogomela abantu bemakhabo abaphilako. babizwa bona ngabaphasi ngombana bagujelwe balele phasi emalibeni.
Ukulingana

## ilungelo lokulingana
**Ukulingana** kulilungelo lawo woke umuntu eSewula Afrika, ilungelo leli liqakathekile ukwakha indawo lapho kungekho khona ukubandlululana ngesibanga sumbala, umnotho ikolo,ubulili nokhunye. Ukulingana kutjho bona woke umuntu unamalangelo alingananko begodu kufanele athole izinto ngikufana nanbanye kurhulumende

## Imihlobo yokulingana

### Ukulingana ngobuhlobo
Kutjhona bona woke umuntu kufanele aphathwe kuhle ngokulingana nabanye abantu ngaphandle kokuthi bacalwe bona babonani begodu babuyaphi

### Ukulingana ngokomnotho,
Kutjhona bona woke umuntu kufuze athole umnotho ngokulingana nabanye begodu athole ilwazi lamathuba njengawo woke umuntu.

### Ukulingana kwezepolitki,
kutjho bona kufanele woke umuntu ongaphezulu kweminyaka ema-18 kufanele athole ithuba lokuzibandakanya nokujanywelwa  ezintweni zepolotiki ezifana nokuvowuda.

### Ukulingana  ngokobulili
lokhu kutjho bona abantu bengubo nebembaji kufanele bathole amathuba alinganako nofana afanako wokubhadelwa, womsebenzi, wekufuda Kanye newepilo

## Iintjhijilo eziphathelene nokulingana

### 1.Ukubandlululana ngokobuhlanga
Kwezinye indawo kunzima ukuthola ukulingana ngombana abanye abantu bathanda ukubandlulana ngobuhlanga okukhunye.

### 2.Isikhala esikhona phakathi kwabantu abaregileko nabadopha phasi.
Isikhala esikhona phakathi kwabantu abaregileko nalabo abadopha phasi singenza bona abantu labo abadobha phasi bangakhoni ukuthi bathole amathuba wokufunda, wezepilo nokunye angafani newalabo abaregileko.

### 3. ukungabi nabajameli
Abantu abangakaregi bagcina sele bangabi  nabajameli kwezepolitiki begodu bagcine selel bahlulwa kuthatha iqunto ezemza bona kunciphe ikghono labo  lokujamela amalungelo  nekareko labo. 

Ukulingana lilungelo lawo woke umuntu eewula afrika begodu kufanele bona sisebenzele ukukhuthazenni ukulingana ngokuthi sehlise kubandlulula, nokungalingani kwezomnotho, sikhulise ukujwanyelwa kwabantu. Ngokwenza njalo kuzoba nomkhulu umehluko.
Ibhudango

**Ibhudango** kuyinto ehle esemkhumbulweni womuntu afuna ukuba ngiyo nofana afuna ukuyifeza. Ibhudango kungaba sithombe sento umuntu afuna ukuzibona angiyo esikhathini esizako okungaba ngokwesikhathi eminyakeni esezako. Woku umuntu ophilako  unamabhudango wakhe afuna ukuwafeza.Umuntu angaba nebhudango lokuzibona asebenza umsebenzi othileko ofana nokuthi abe ngudorhodere. Omunye angaba nebhudango lokuhlala esithabathabeni sendlu esise dorobheni. Amabhudango ayahluka ngokuya kwabantu begodu nangokuya kwezinto abanekareko kizo.

### Izinto ongazenza ukufezekisa ibhudango lakho
Umuntu nakanebhudango kufuze ahlele bona yini azoyenza begodu ngiziphi izinto azozenza ukufezekisa ibhudango lakhe. Izinto lezo kufanele aqinisekise bona kuzizinto eziliqiniso begodu ezikghonakalako ukuthi zitholakale.Amanye  amabhudango athatha isikhathi eside ukuthi afezakale begodu amanye wakhona athathe isikhathi  iesifitjhani ngokuya kobukhulu nofana ngobuncani bebhudango. Isibonelo libhudago lokuba ngudorhodere lingathatha isikhathi ukufezekala  kunaleli lokuba ngusomabhizinisi. Ukufezekisa amabhudango akusiyo into elula ngombana lokha abantu nabafuna ukufezekisa amabhudango wabo bangahlangana neentjhijilo ezinengi  ezingamenza athikamezeke.Ezinye zeentjhijilo kungaba sitjhijilo sokuthola  imali yokufezekisa amabhudango ngombana esikhathini sanje ukwenza izinto kufuna imali. 

### Iitjhijilo umuntu ongahlangabezana nazo ukufezekisa ibhudango lakhe
Abanye abantu lokha nabangatholi isekelo bazithola sele balahlekelwe lithemba lokuragela phambili bazithola sele batjhuguluka bangasalandeli amabhudango wabo kodwana bagcina sele benza okhunye okulula.Ukuhluleka nakho kuyenza bona abantu balahle ithemba ngombana abanye abantu abakghoni ukubekezela.Lokha  nabahlulekako bafikelwa mkhumbulo wokuthi mhlamunye ibhudango leli alikabafaneli kodwana  Isitjho sesindebele sithi akulahlwa mbeleko  ngakufelwa.  Begodu inengi  labantu abadumileko nanyana abaphumeleleko baveza bona  ngaphambi  kobana baphumelele ukufeza amabhudango wabo bathoma ngokuhluleka kanengi ngaphambi akhange balahle ithemba ngokho bagcina selek baphumulele.

## Iinkomba
Umazisi

## Umazisi
**Umazisi** kuyincwaddi encani nofana ikhadi elincani elisebenza njengobufakazi bokuthi ungubani. Leli ikhadi kulikhadi eliqakathekileko ngombana liphethe imininingwana ngomuntu ekumabizo wakhe apheleleko, isibongo sakhe,  ilanga nonyaka abelethwa ngawo, inomboro yakhe kamazisi, inarha asisakhamuzi kiyo begodu ne-adresi yakhe

## Ukuqakatheka kuka mazisi
Umazisi uqakatheke mgombana ukhombisa boan umuntu uyaphila, ungubani begodu sisakaha muzi sakuyiphi indawo nofana sakuyiphi inarha Ukulekelela umuntu bona akghone ukuthola izinto zasimahla ezisemalungelweni wakhe njesakhamuzi senarha ehlala kiyo. Isbonelo ifundo, umthola pilo karhulumende begodu akghone nokuthola iimbonelelo  zemali ezivela kurhulumende ukusiza labo abatlhogako.Ilekelela umuntu bona akghone ukuvakatjhela amanye amazwe nofana iiinarha ngombana lokha nawuno mazisi ukghona ukwenza iphepha lokungena kwamanye amazwe nofana inarha.

## Imisebenzi kamazisi

### Ukuthola msebenzi
Lokha nawufaka isibawo sokufuna umsebenzi into yokuthoma efanele ube nayo ngumazisi. Nalokha uthole umsebenzi kufuze bona ulethe umazisi ukuze lapho bakucasitjhe khona bakghone ukuqinisekisa bona uguye ngokweqiniso umutu ebamqatjhileko na.

### Amakhetho
Enarheni ezinengi umazisi kuyincwadi efunekako ukze umuntu akghone ukusebebzisa ilungelo lakhe lokuzibandakanya emakhethweni. Lokhu kuletha isithunzi emakhethweni wenye nenye inarha.

## Imihlobo kamazisi
1. Ikhadi

2. I-Passport

3. Iphepha lokutjhayela

4. isitifikedi samabeletho
Amalahle

**Amalahle** mamatje anzima aqinileko asetjenziswa ukubasa umlilo. Ilahle lenzeka ngeensalelo zeentjalo ezife iminyaka eziingidi eyadlulako  sabulungeka ngaphasi kwehlabathi. Ilahle lenzeka ngoma compounds we-organic ekuyi nitrogen, I carbon, i-oxygen ne sulfur. Ilahle lenzeka ngokuthi isitjalo sife sibulungeke kude ngaphasi kwehlabathi lapho  kutjhisa khona khulu begodu kuminyezekile, iiintjalo lezi zihlala iingidii zeminyaka bekufike lapho isitijalo lesi siqina khona siphenduke sibe lilahle. Kunemihlobo emine yamalahle begodu into eyanza bona amalahle ahluke kukuthi aqine kangangani.

### Umhlobo yamalahle
1. Ilahle I Lignite

Lilahle elingakaqini lithambile. Laziwa ngelahle elinzotho, litjhiphile ukudlula woke umhlobo wamalahle ngombana alivuthi isikhathi eside. Lokho nabalithengako abantu kufanele balithenge ngobunengi ngombana liphela msinyana lokha nalibasiweko. Liyasetjenziswa lokha nakuphehlwa igezi.

2. Ilahle I sub-bituminous

Lilahle eliphakathi ngokwenzinga lamalahle. Liphakathi kwe lahle I lignite ne lahle I-bituminous. Lilahle elingakaqini khulu,nalo liyasetjenziswa ukuphehla igezi Kanye nemafemini amanye.

3. Ilahle I Bituminous

Lilahle eliqinileko, elizele nge -*carbon* lisetjenziswa  ukwenza iinsimbi nokutjhisa ezinye izinto zemakhaya. Ilahle leli aliduri khulu ukudlula i-Antracite. Lisetjenziswa khulu emafemini lapho kwenziwa khona isamende, namaphepha. Liyasetjenziswa nokususa ukusilaphazeka kwe iron- ore.

4. Antracite 

Lilahle eliqine khulu ukuwadlula woke, lizele nge carbon. Lisetjenziswe emafemini. Ilahle likhipha umtjhiso omkhulu  ukudlula amalahle woke. Lithatha isikhathi ukubamba umlilo kodwana kodwana nasele liwubambile livutha kabuthaka beliyokuphela. 

### Umsebenzi wamalahle ovamileko
Lisetjenziswa emakhaya ukubasela intovu nalokha kubaswa inyama. Isetjenziswa njengesibaseli  emafemini lapho kwenziwa khona  iinsimbi. Liqakatheke khulu ngokuthi liyasetjenziswa ukuphehla igezi.Nanyana  amalahle aqakathekile kodwan intuthu yawo isilaqphaza ibhoduloko.Kufanele abantu bangawa  sebenzisi khulu nofana kufuze batjale imithi eminengi ukuze  idose I carbon ekhutjhwa malahle

## Iinkomba
Ukukhukhuleka kwehlabathi

## Ukukhukhuleka kwehlabathi
**Ukukhukhuleka kwehlabathi** kukulokha ihlabathi isuka endaweni yinye iye kwenye indawo ngesibanga sezenzo zabantu nofana ngenca yezenzo zemvelo. Ukukhukhuleka kwehlabati kumraro webhoduluko enganamthelela phezu kwehlabathi kwaphela kodwana naphezu kwazo zoke izinto ezikhona ephasini.

## Izinto ezibangela ukukhukhuleka kwehlabathi?

### 1.Inkhukhula zamanzi

Lokha izulu naline khulu ngeenkhukhula lingabangela bona ihlabathi igcine ikhukhula mamanzi amanengi iyokujama kwenye indawo.

### 2.Umoya omkhulu
Umoya onamandla ugcina sele udobha ingcetjhana zehlabathi  uzikhukhulele kwenye indawo.
Ukusikwa kwemithi
Ukusikwa kwemithi neentjalo kungabangela ukukhuleka  kwehlabathi njengombana imiraho yemithi ibamba ihlabathi.

### 3.Ukwakhiwa kwemizi nokusikwa kweenhlahla
Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu neminye imakhiwo efana neendlela yeemodere ingabangela ukukhukhuleka kwehlabathi ngombana kuyagujwa kukhitjhwa ihlabathi begodu  neetjalo zemvelo ezimile  lapho ezibambe ihlabathi ziyasuswa.

## Imiphumela yokukhukhuleka kwehlabathi
Ukukhukhuleka kwehlabathi kungaba nemiphumela emimbi phezu kwebhoduluko

### 1. ukulahlekelwa yihlabathi enothileko
Lokha ihlabathi nayikhukhulekako kungakhamba ihlabathi enothileko esetjenziswela ukutjala inthelo nemirorho. Intjalo lezi ngekhe zisa khula ngendlela afanelo lokha ihlabathi le nayikhukhulekileko.

### 2. Ukusilaphazeka kwamanzi
Enye ihlabathi ekhukhulekako ikhamba iyokujama endaweni ezinamanzi ezifana nemlanjeni, bese ifike izale lapho kusilaphazeke amanzi ebawalanzekile azale ngebathi nofana idaka.

### 3. ukulahlekelwa kuhlukahlukana kweenlwana
Nakukhukhuleka ihlabathi indawo ezinengi zokuhlala zeenlwana zingamotjheka. Lokhu nakho kuzokwenza bona iinlwana lezo zife ngombana zabe zingasenazo indawo zokuzifihla nofana zokuhlala. Isibonelo: Ezinye iinlwan zihlala ngpahasi kwehlathi emgodini lokha ihlabathi akhukhulekako imigodi le ingamtjheka bese inlwana zingabi nedawo yokuzifihla.

## Singehlisa njani ukukhukhulekak kwehlabathi?
Kufanele siphinde sitjale endaweni lapho kukhukhuleke khona ihlabathi ukwenzela bona lena eseleko ibambe imirabho ingasakhukhuleki ukuya phambili. Kufanele abantu behlise izinga lokusika imithi ngombana lokho kuzokulekelela ihlabathi ingakhukhuleki ngesibanga sokuthi izabe ibanjwe mirabho yeenhlahla.

## Isiphetho
Ukukhukhuleka kwehlabathi kumraro omkhulu webhoduluko, begodu kufuze bona ucalelelwe usese nekhathi ngombana nangabe awuka tjhejwa singalahlekelwa yihlabathi enothileko, amanzi ahlanzekileko nokwahlukahlukana kweenlwana ezihlala kubhoduluko yekhethu. Kufanele bona abantu babalekele ukwenza imisebenzi eyenza bona ihlabathi  ikhukhuleke.
Ukulova kwabantu eenkolweni

## Ukulova kwabafundi esikolweni
**Ukulova kwabafundi** kukulokha abafundi becisa amalanga abangayi esikolweni bahlale emakhabo ngeenzathu ezahlukahlukeneko. Isenzo lesi sinomthelela omumbi eemfundweni zabafundi.

### Izinto ezibangela ukulova kwabafundi

### Ukugula
Ukugula kuyinto ejwayelekileko eyenza bona abafundi balove amalanga esikolweni, begodu kusizathu esizwakalako. Lokhu kungesibanga sokuthi lokha nawugulako angekhe wafunda kamnandi nawungazizwa kuhle emzimbeni.

### Ukuhlunyezwa
Ukuhlukunyezwa bafundi ofunda naba ngekumbeni yokufundela kungenza bona umfundi agandeleleke ngokomkhumbulo agcine sele azizwa angakamukelelki esikolweni bese agcine sele alova. 

### Ukungathandi isikolo
Abanye abafundi baphuma emakhayeni lapho ifundo ingathathelwa phezulu khona begodu lokhu kungenza bona bangakuboni ukuqakatheka kwefundo begodu balove ngesibanga sokuthi nanoma bangayi esikolweni akekho umuntu ozobakhuza. Abanye abatholi irhelebho ngomsebenzi wekhaya abawunikelwa matitjhere wabo bese bagcine basaba bona aatitjhere wabo azabakhalima kabuhlungu ngokungabhali bese bagcine balova.

### Imiraro yomndeni
Abanye abantwana bayalova esikolweni lokha nakumoraro ekhaya ngombana imraro le ingabenza bona bangabi sebujamei obuhle ngokomkhumbulo. Isibinelo ukuhlongakalelwa babalethi ekungibo abakulingisela izinto zokuza esikolweni

## Imiphumela yokulova esikolweni

### Ukuthola imiphumela emimbi
Lokha umfundi nakalova khulu esikolweni ugcina alahlekelwa mathuba amanengi wokufunda bese lokhu kugcine kwenza bona athole imiphumela emimbi. Isenzo lesi sibangelwa kukuthi kunengi lokhu umfundi asuke angakakufundi lokha nakalovako.

### Ukuzikhupha hlangana nabanye abafundi
Umfundi lovako esikolweni ugcina see azikhetha nofana azikhupha hlangana nabanye abafandi ngombana azizwe angafani nabo. Umfundi olovako uba nobidisi lokwenza abudlelwano nabafundi afunda nabo.

### Ukulisa isikolo
Abanye abafundi nabalova khuku begodu kunganamuntu obakhuzako nofana obakhuthazako bona baye esikolweni bagcina sele balisa isikolo unomphela bagcine bangafundi.

## Iindlela zokwehlisa ukulova eenkolweni

### Ukwenza bona abantwana bathabele ukufunda
Kumsebenzi katitjhere ukwenza bona umfundi  athabele ukufunda. Lokhu kwenza umfundi akhuthalele ukuza esikolweni ngombana uzabe athabela ukufunda etlasini leli afunda kilo.

### Ukuba nobudlelwana abantwana
Utitjhere kubafanele abe nobuldlellwana nabafundi bakhe lokhu kuzokusiza boina abafundi bakhone ukukhuluma naye naye lokha nakuzinto ezingabaphathi kuhle ngetlasini. Izinto ezifana nokuth kunofundi obahlukumezako mgetlasini begodu bakhone nokukhuluma lokha nakuneno eyenza bona babe nesitjhijilo sokuza esikolweni.

### Ungenelela lokha Umntwana nakalova khulu
Utitjhere atjheje iphetheni umfundi alova ngayo, nangabe sele iyimb khulu kufuze bona utitjhere enze irhubhululo lokobana kubangelwa yini lokho bese eze neensobululo zokulekelela umfundi ukuthi angasalova khulu. Kufanele utitjhere akwenze lokhu ngokusebenzisana nababelethi bomntwana.
Ukutlola

## Ukutlola
**Ukutlola** kuyinto eqakathekileko ngombana kungenye yeendlela abantu abayisebenzisako ukuveza imicabango wabo. Ukutlola kuyinto eyathoma ekadeni. Ukutlola kufaka ukusebenzisa amathswayo afana namaledere neemboro ukuveza imibono, nemilayeza. Ukutlola kulikghono elenza bakghone ukuthintana babelane imibono nemazizo yabo emphakathini nephasini loke.

## Iingaba zokutlola
Iingaba zokutlola: Ukuhlela, ukutlhatlhabeja,Ukubuyekeza nokulungisa iimphoso.

### '''Ukuhlela'''
Kufaka ukuveza izahu sokutloa, abantu abatlolelako, Ukuzwakala komtlolo wakho.

### '''Ukutlhatlhabeja'''
Kuveza izinto eziqakathekileko ozokutlola ngazo nofana amaphuzu aqakathekileko lawo endaba enzize kiwo.

### '''Ukubuyekeza'''
Kutho ukubuyelela utjhege bona umsebenzi wakho utloleke kuhle na nofana imitjho ihleli ngendlela enikela umqondo nofana awa.

### '''Ukulungisa iimphoso'''
Ukulinga iimphose kukhambelana nokubuyekeza ngombana lokha nawubuyekekzako kufanele ulungise iimphose ezifana nokuthi ufake amatshwayo lapho kufanele khona begodu  ulingise imitjho engabumbeki begodu naleyo ensthuli umqondo wendaba kuhle.

## '''Ubuhle bokutlola'''
Ukutlola kwenza bona umuntu afunde ngombana lokha nakatlolako kufunze akhiphe begodu abambe imininingwane.Ukutlola kulekelela umuntu bona aveze ilwazi elidephieko ngendlela ehlelekileko begodu enembako. Ukutlola kukhuphula izinga lokucabanga mokuthintana ebantwini.

## '''Isiphetho'''
Ukutlola kuyinto eqakathekileko yokuveza imicabango, amazizo   nokwabelana ngelwazi. Kufuze abantu bazijwayeze ukutlola  ngombana lokho kuzokwenza bona bajwayele ukwethula ilwazi labo.
Ukubhabhadiswa

**Ukubhabhadiswa** kisesenzo esiqakathekileko ekolweni yama khrestu. Kukhombisa ukuzalwa kabutjha nokuhlanzwa. Kukulokha umuntu akhamba nabafundisi baye endaweni lapho kunamanzi khona akhambako nofana edamini bese afakwe khona ngokuthandazelwa mfundisi. Ukungena emanzini kukhombisa ukuzinikela kukhrestu ikosi.Umbhabhadiso kuyinto eyathoma esikweni nofana ekolweni yaba juda. Wa ngoUmbhabhadiso lo bewubizwa ngombhabhadisa ka Johana. Ngeskikhathi siskajohana umbhabhadisi, ukubhabhadiswa kwabe kutjho ukuphenduka ezonweni uphile ipilo ecwengileko.

### Imihlobo yombhabhadiso

#### '''1. umbhabhadiso womntwana'''
Umbhabhadiso lo wezelwa abatwana njengetshwayo lababelethi ukukhombisa ukuthi bayathembisa ukukhulisa umntwana wabo ngaphasi kwekolo nomthetho wamakhrestu.Umbhabhadiso lo wenziwa lokha umntwana nakasesemcani ukwenzela bonya umntwana akhulele ngapbhasi kwesandla saka Zimu. Ibhayibhili iyavulwa kufundwe ivesi ngaphambi kobana umntwana athome abhabhadiswe.

#### '''2. umbhabhadiso wekholwa'''
Lo wenzelwa abantu esele bathethe isiqunto ngamaphilo wabo ukuthi sele balandela ukhrestu bahlala kuye ngako koke kwabo. Lombhabhadiso wenzelwa umuntu osathoma ukusonta egade engasondi ngaphambilini.Lapha umuntu ufakwa emanzini ngomzimba wakhe woke ngombana lokhu kulitshwayo lokuthi sel afile ezonweni begodu sele avukele epilweni etjha yokusindiswa. eskhathini esinengi wenziwa lokha nakukhathi sephasika mihla namalanga ngombana abantu abanengi vane baye emasontweni ukuyokulotjha uZimu.

#### '''3. umbhabhadiso kaMoya ocwengileko'''
Lo mbhabhadiso owabakhona lokha uJesu nakasuka ephasini abuyela ezulwini. Kilo mbhabhadiso awungeni emanzini kodwana wenzeka lokha nawuthandazako bese wehlelwe mamandla kaZimu ngommoya uzizwe ukhuluma ngamanye amalimi ongawaziko begodu ongawazwisisi kodwana uZimu akuphe ukuphimisela.Lombhabhadisa owathoma ukwenzeka encwadini yezenzo yebhayibhili lapho gade kulilanga lephenthekoste khona kwehla amandla lapho gade abantu bakaZimu gade bahlangene khona. Umbhabhadiso uqakathekile ngombana ulitshwayo lokuthi umuntu sele amukele uJesu bona abe yikosi nomsindisi wepilo yakhe. Ukhombisa bona umuntu sele ahlukene nezono begodu sele aphila ipilo ocwengileko. Umbhabhadiso yinto yamakkhrestu eveza ukuzinikela kuzimu nokutjhuguluka ezonweni uphile ipilo ehle begodu enomthetho kaZimu. Abantu babhabhadiswa ngeenzathu ezihlukileko. Le kuyinto engathomi ngesikhathi sanje kodwana yathoma ekadeni ngaphambi kobana kufike uJesu Khreste.

## Iinkomba
IMapungubwe

**IMapungubwe** yindawo yokuthoma eSewula Africa. Indawo le isesiphandeni seLimpopo eduze nomlambo weshashe. Bekuyindawo ezele iindlovu ezinengi abantu bebasuka la bahlala khona  beze bazokuzingela iindlovu bafuna iimpondo zeendlovu ezibizwa bona yi-ivory ngelimi lesiNgisi. Bazithathe bayozithengisa kwamanye amazwe begodu bebahlala emaplasini ahlukahlukeneko begodu asemaduzelana.    

### Isikopilo leMapungubwe
Ikosi yakhona beyihlala phezulu kwesicongolwana esibizwa bona yiMapungubwe hill ngombana lapho bekuhlala imimoya yabaphasi begodu beyikghona ukukhuluma nabo. Amadoda bekanamandla ukudlula abafazi begodu umuntu omncani bekangaphathwa njengomuntu omkhulu. Bekunabantu abafunda ilikade ababizwa bona Archeologist bebakhamba baya eMapungubwe bayokugubha bathola bona le bekuyindawo yabantu abanothileko ngombana kwatholakala khona ubuhlalo begolide, izitja zobumba namathambo weenlwana.Izinto ezitholakala eMapungubwe kwabe  kuziimpoto zakade nomncamo werhalasi. Bebathatha izinto lezi bese bakhambe nazo bayozithengisa. Intaba yeMapungubwe bewuyikhwelwa uqale emuva, bewuthi nawuyicalako uyicala Kanye bese ucala emuva. Bekungayiwa ebusuku entabeni le.Bekungakhanjiwa kiyo ngombana kunomoya wabaphasi. Intaba yakhona bekuyindawo yobukhosi nendawo lapho kubekwa khona ezinye izinto eziqakathekileko.

## Imithombo lwazi
Imitlolo yendabuko yesiNdebele

## '''Imitlolo yendabuko yesiNdebeleIe'''
**Imitlolo yendabuko** mitlolo yeendaba ezidluliselwa esizukulwaneni, ezivela esikhathini sakade, ebegade zikhulunywa ngomlomo zingakatlolwa phasi. Imitlolo le iveza umlando wamasiko wesikhathi sakade. 

### Izinto ezitholakala phakathi kwemitlolo yendabuko

# Zivela emlandwini wokukhuluma
# Ziveza amasiko, iimilo, izenzo zabantu, ukutlhaga, ubuloyi, uthando, izondo kanye neenkolo ezihlukahlukeneko
# Ziveza iimfundo ezahlukahlukeno ezifundisa abantu begodu zikhulisa umkhumbulo waloyo ofundako
# Ofundako angaba namazizo ahlukahlukeno ngomlingisi nanyana umdlali othileko 

#### <big>Imihlobo yemitlolo yendabuko</big>

# Amanovela
# Imidlalo
# Iindatjana ezifitjhani
# Izaga
# Izitjho
# Iinrarejo
# Iinganekwana/Iinolwana
Ubuhle nobumbi bokuthi abantwana babe nabomaliledinini

**Umaliledinini** kuyinto esentjenziswa ukuthintana. Umaliledinini esikhathini sanke uyinto eqakatheke khulu ngombana usetjenziswa ukwenza izinto ezinengi ngapnandle kokudoselana umrhala nokuthumelana imilayezo. Absntu bakhona ukwenza thumelana imali basebenzisa umaliledinini, bakhona ukubamba imihlangan yabo yomsebenzi basebenzisa umaliledini. Esikhathini sanje ababelethi sele bthengela abantwana babo abomaliledii ngesibangasokobana bafuna ukhona ukuthintana nabo begodu bakghone nokudlala imidlalo ngebomaliledinini.Umaliledinini uyafana nomtjhiningcondo.

## Ubuhle

### Ikghono lokusebenzisa izinto zebutheknikghe
Kuyinto ehle bonyana abantwana babe nabomaliledinini ngesibanga sokobana bafanele bazijwayeze ukuphila ephasini letjhuguluko lesine lezamabubulo bajwayele ukusebenza ngezinto zedijithali. Abantwana lokha basebenzisa abomaliledinini bakghona nokuthola ilwazi lokusebenzisa ama-AI, lokhu kungenza bona bathole umphumela omuhle esikolweni

### Ukubulungeka
Umntwana okghona ukusebenzisa umaliledinini ukhona ukubulungeka ngombana lokho nakungenzeka bona avelelwe mraro uzokghona ukudosela ababelethi bakhe umrhala nofana adosele iinomboro zesizo eliphambili, amapholisa Kanye neencimamlilo.

## Ubumbi

### Ilwazi elingaphezulu kwabo
Nanyana ukusebenzisa umaliledinini komntwana kuyinto ehle kodwana bukhona nobumbi obuveleleko engekhe babethiswa ngommoya. Ubumbi bakhona kukuthi abantwana bangagcina basebenzisa iinkundla zokuthintana bese kube kulapho bapthola khona ilwazi lepilo elingaphazulu kwabo libalimaze umkhumbulo.

### Ukungalali
Okhunye kukuthi lokha nasele bajwayele ukusebenzisa umaliledinini bangagcina sele bangasalawuleki badlale ngawo bekube sebusuku, bagcine baphathwa buthongo esikolweni ngesibanga sokuthi abalali ubuthongo obulingeneko. Isenzo esifana nalesi singabonomthelela omumbi phezu kweemfundo zomntwana agcine sele athola imiphumela emimbi.

### Isiphetho
Umaliledinini kuyinto qakathekileko esikhathini sanamhlanje ngombana izinto ezinengi zenziwa ngawo. Abantu bakghona ukubamba imihlangano yabo ngayo, bathumelelane nemali, benze nerhubhululo ngayo. Ababelethi kuyinto ehlel bona bathengele abantwana abomaliledinini ngombana lokho kuzobenza bona bebenelwazi lokusebenzisa izinto se thekinoloji. Nalokha babathengelile kufuze bona batjheje bona abantwana babo aphumili elawulweni  njengokokuthi basebenzise abamaliledinini ngesikhathi sokulala.

## Isithasiselo
Iinarhakazi zephasi

**Ephasini** kuneenarhakazi ezilikhomba, enye nenye inarhakazi inamasiko wayo, amatshwayo wayo neenarha ezingaphakthi kwayo

Iinarhakazi zephasi.

### Amagama weenarhakazi zephasi nehlathululo yazo
I-Africa

Yinarhakazi yesibili ekulu begodu ngaphakathi iphethe inarha ezima-55 ezifaka hlangana i-Sewula Africa, i-gibhithe neZimbabwe

I-Antarctica

Yinarhakazi encani begodu emakhaza ukuzidlula zoke. Enarhakazini le akuhlali abantu kodwana kuhlala iinlwana zemangweni kwaphela.

I-Asia

Lapha kuneenarha ezima-49, ezifaka hlagana I inarha ye China, India Kanye ne Russia ekuyinarha ekulu ukuzidlula zoke ephasini. Inarhakazi le ngekulu ukuzidlula zoke ephasini

I-Australia

Le yinarhakazi encani ehlalwa babantu ephasini, ngaphakathi iineenarha ezi-6 ezine zazo yi- New Zealad, Papua New Guiea ne Australia.

I-Europe

Kulenarhakazi  kunenarha ezima-50 ezifaka I- Germany, iFrance, ne-United kingdom.Inarhakazi le ngeyesithandathu ekulu

I-North America

Inarhakazi le ilikhaya leenarha ezima-23 begodu ingeyesithathu ekulu. 

I-South America

Inarhakazi le ineenarha ezili-12 begodu ingee ingeyesine ekule eenarhakazini

## Iinkomba