Laibach

**Laibach** es musikal grupe fro Slovenia, fondat ye 1980 in li urbe Trbovlje in antei Jugoslavia, kelen musika ordinarim bli qualifika kom "martiali industriali". Depos 1984 Laibach forma li musikal ale del artisti kolektivo *Neue Slowenische Kunst* (NSK). Altri grupes, kel apartena a disi kolektivo, es inter altre li grupe de visual artes *IRWIN* e li teatral grupe *NOORDUNG*. Li nome "Laibach" es refero al oldi germani nome del sloveni chef-urbe Ljubljana.

## Frui yares

Laibach blid fonda ye 1 de june 1980 in li sloveni industrial urbe Trbovlje, kurtim after li morio del jugoslavi duktere, marshale Josip Broz Tito. Li original membres de Laibach esed Dejan Knez, Srečko Bajda, Andrej Lupinc, Tomaž Hostnik e Bine Žerko. Durant li unesmi yares depos sen fondatione, Laibach haved seriosi problemes kun li jugoslavi autoritates. Li unesmi konserte ye 1980, kel esed konektet kun strike de laboreres, blid interdikte dal autoritates. Nur ye 1982 les suksesed tu plea konsertes in li urbes Ljubljana, Zagreb e Beograd. Ye dekembre 1982 Tomaž Hostnik, li chefi kantere e ideologiiste de Laibach, se self-asasinad. Pokim plu tardim adi al grupe blid Milan Fras, li novi kantere, e Knezen kusino Ivan (Jani) Novak. 

Depos li komenso Laibach esed kontroversal pro sen identifikatione kun multi elementes del national-sosialisme e sosial-realisme. Li konsertes del grupe es reali spektakles, ofte sur alti estrades memorisanti li verke de Leni Riefenstahl. Lun membres porta uniformes, sur kel li nigri krose de Kazimir Malevich remplasa li svastike. Ofte les usa germani simbolike e kanta germanim. Dunke Laibach reglarim bli akusa de national-sosialisti simpaties. Ma kontru, li stile, kel lu noma *totalitari pop art*, es taliman groteski, provokativ e exajerat, ke nule sava keli idees lu representa realim. Laibach self mantene disi ambigueso: «Nus es fashistes tantim, kam Hitler esed piktere.»

Omnikas Laibach esed grupe de disidentes, oposit kontre li komunisti sisteme. Ye 1983, durante multimedial konserte in Zagreb, sur un shirme samtem bli montra du filmes, un propagandisti e un pornografi. Kand marshale Tito aparid later grandi penise, armee e polise interrupted li konserte e li grupe mused liva Kroatia. After intervuo sur li jugoslavi televisione ye li sam yare, li nome *Laibach* blid interdikte, li membres non darfid plus konserta e li grupe esed forsat tu kontinua sen aktivesos in altri landes: *The Occupied Europe Tour '83*. Li unesmi gramafon-diske de Laibach blid publisa ye 1985, ma sin li nome del grupe sur li binde. Ye li sam yare aparad anke li duesmi rekorde sub title *Nova Akropola*. Ye 1986 Laibach partisipad ye grandi teatral spektakle: *Krst pod Triglavom* ("Baptiso sub li Triglav").

## Depos 1987

Li international turno-punktu venid por Laibach ye 1987 after li publikatione de lesen triesmi album *Opus Dei*. Populari esed primim lesen martiali e tre bombasti versione del kantete *Live is Life* del austriani grupe Opus, ma anke germani versione del sam kantete, *Leben heisst Leben*, e versione de *One Vision* de Queen sub title *Geburt einer Nation*. After li sukseso de disi projekte Laibach publisad ankore kelki albumes kontentanti rilaborat verke de altres: *Let it be* (1988; basat sur The Beatles), *Sympathy for the Devil* (1989; basat sur The Rolling Stones), *NATO* (1994; kontenanti inter altres verke de Gustav Holst, Europe e Status Quo), *Jesus Christ Superstars* (1996; kontenanti inter altres verke de Andrew Lloyd Webber e Prince), *Volk* (2006; national himnes de diversi landes), *LAIBACHKUNSTDERFUGE* (2008; totim basat sur li verke de Johann Sebastian Bach).

Samtem Laibach ha anke publisa gramafon-diskes e kompakt-diskes kun original verke, por exemple *Kapital* (1992), *WAT* (2003) e *Spectre* (2014). Ye 2012 Laibach fad li musike por li filme *Iron Sky*. Intersanti es li faktu, ke omni diske de Laibach es kompletim altri kam li tilnunes, quankam malgreu on sempre pove instantim rekogni li unikal stile de Laibach. Pro tum Laibachen musike, kel depos longitem non es solim "industrial", es desfasil tu klasifika.

## Kompositione

Li kompositione del grupe Laibach blid chanja plurfoy depos lun fondatione e li grupe ha multitem koopera kun altri musikes. Li permananti komposiatione ye 2014 es:

* Milan Fras - voise
* Ivan Novak - lume, projektione, elektronike, kelkitem voise
* Mina Špiler - voise, sintesatore
* Janez Gabrič - tambures
* Luka Jamnik - sintesatore
* Sašo Vollmaier - sintesatore

## Diskografia
**Laibach* (ŠKUC/Ropot, 1985)
**Rekapitulacija*  (1985)
**Neu Konservatiw*  (1985)
**Nova akropola* (Cherry Red, 1985)
**The Occupied Europe Tour*  (1986)
**Baptism* (1986)
**Opus Dei* (Mute Records, 1987)
**Let It Be* (Mute Records, 1988)
**Sympathy for the Devil* (Mute Records, 1988)
**Macbeth* (Mute Records, 1990)
**Kapital* (Mute Records, 1992)
**Ljubljana-Zagreb-Beograd*, (The Grey Area/Mute Records, 1993)
**NATO* (Mute Records, 1994)
**Jesus Christ Superstars* (The Grey Area/Mute Records, 1996)
**WAT* (Mute Records, 2003)
**Anthems* (Mute Records, 2004)
**Volk* (Mute Records, 2006)
**Laibachkunstderfuge* (Mute Records/Dallas, 2008)
**Gesamtkunstwerk – Dokument 81-86* (Vinyl-on-demand, 2011)
**Monumental Retro-Avant-Garde (Live At Tate Modern / 14 April 2012)* (Abbey Road Live Here Now, 2012)
**Iron Sky (The Original Film Soundtrack)* (Mute, 2012)
**Spectre* (Mute, 2014)
**Also Sprach Zarathustra* (Mute, 2017)
**Sketches of the Red Districts* (GOD records, 2023)

## Galerie

File:LAIBACH The Thrower.jpg|Afiche ek 1983
File:LAIBACH Buy Victory.jpg|Afiche ek 1986
File:NSK Logo.jpg|Embleme del NSK State
File:Laibach - Encore (467365431).jpg|Konserte ye 2007


## Externi linkes
* Li ofisial pagine de Laibach
* Non-ofisial pagine pri Laibach
* Historie de Laibach
* Li NSK state