Drusilla (bille)

***Drusilla*** er en slekt av biller som hører til den store underfamilien småkortvinger (Aleocharinae) i familien kortvinger (Staphylinidae). De er spesialiserte på å leve sammen med maur.

## Utseende
Små til middelsstore (gjerne 3-5 millimeter), brunlige eller rødlige kortvinger, kroppen lite hårete bortsett fra hårpenslene på bakkroppen. Antennene er forholdsvis lange og kraftige. Hodet er forholdsvis lite og rundt. Pronotum er lengre enn bredt, gjerne med en bred midtfure. Dekkvingene er forholdsvis korte. Beina er forholdsvis lange og tynne.

## Levevis
*Drusilla*-artene har spesialisert seg på å leve sammen med maur. Disse artene lever rundt maurtuene  der de dels jakter på maurene, dels eter maurenes matrester.

## Systematisk inndeling / norske arter

* Ordenen biller, **Coleoptera**
** Underordenen Polyphaga
*** Overfamilien åtsel- og rovbiller, **Staphylinoidea**
**** Familien kortvinger (Staphylinidae) Latreille, 1802
***** Underfamilien småkortvinger (Aleocharinae) Fleming, 1821
****** Stammen Lomechusini 
******* Slekten ***Drusilla*** Leach, 1819 (synonym *[[Astilbus]]* Dillwyn, 1829)
******** *[[Drusilla adjacens]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla aeneicollis]]* (Fauvel, 1899)
******** *[[Drusilla aequatorialis]]* (Bernhauer, 1927)
******** *[[Drusilla aerea]]* (Scheerpeltz, 1934)
******** *[[Drusilla affinis]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla aino]]* Nakane, 1963
******** *[[Drusilla alutacea]]* Reitter, 1901
******** *[[Drusilla anceps]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla andrewesi]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla angularis]]* (Fauvel, 1899)
******** *[[Drusilla ashei]]* Eldredge, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla assamensis]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla attenuata]]* Kistner, 1997
******** *[[Drusilla baliensis]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla bartolozzii]]* Pace, 2003
******** *[[Drusilla bernhaueri]]* (Scheerpeltz, 1934)
******** *[[Drusilla besucheti]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla bicarinicollis]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla bicolor]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla bifida]]* Assing, 2016
******** *[[Drusilla bilobata]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla bispinosa]]* Assing, 2019
******** *[[Drusilla bituberculata]]* (Motschulsky, 1858)
******** *[[Drusilla borneensis]]* (Bernhauer, 1915)
******** *[[Drusilla borneoapicalis]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla borneoclara]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla borneoruficollis]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla borneostricta]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla brevipennis]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla breviuter]]* Assing, 2019
******** *[[Drusilla bruneiensis]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla bruneiorum]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla bryanti]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla bulbata]]* Assing, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla bulbosa]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla burgeoniana]]* (Bernhauer, 1943)
******** *[[Drusilla butuanensis]]* (Bernhauer, 1916)
******** *[[Drusilla caelata]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla caelaticollis]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla calicis]]* Pace, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla cameroni]]* (Scheerpeltz, 1934)
******** *[[Drusilla canaliculata]]* (Fabricius, 1787) - eneste art i Norge
******** *[[Drusilla caputserpentis]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla carinithorax]]* (Bernhauer, 1915)
******** *[[Drusilla celebensis]]* (Cameron, 1942)
******** *[[Drusilla cenwanglaomontis]]* Pace, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla cernens]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla congoensis]]* (Kistner, 2003)
******** *[[Drusilla convexifrons]]* (Fairmaire, 1873)
******** *[[Drusilla cretica]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla cupulifer]]* (Fauvel, 1906)
******** *[[Drusilla damingensis]]* Pace, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla danumensis]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla dendrolasii]]* Maruyama & Kishimoto, 2002
******** *[[Drusilla denigrata]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla denticollis]]* (Bernhauer, 1933)
******** *[[Drusilla dharmapuriensis]]* Pace, 2001
******** *[[Drusilla dimidiata]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla divergens]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla dorylophila]]* (Bernhauer, 1929)
******** *[[Drusilla drescheri]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla dumogaicola]]* Pace, 2004
******** *[[Drusilla dusunorum]]* Pace, 1993
******** *[[Drusilla endopilosella]]* Pace, 2000
******** *[[Drusilla endorica]]* (Saulcy, 1865)
******** *[[Drusilla erichsoni]]* (Peyron, 1857)
******** *[[Drusilla feae]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla fissata]]* (Bernhauer, 1915)
******** *[[Drusilla flagellata]]* Assing, 2015
******** *[[Drusilla flava]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla flavicornis]]* (Motschulsky, 1858)
******** *[[Drusilla foeda]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla fontis]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla foreli]]* (Wasmann, 1890)
******** *[[Drusilla fossulicollis]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla fossulifera]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla frater]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla gabonensis]]* Pace, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla ganglbaueri]]* (Bernhauer, 1906)
******** *[[Drusilla gibberella]]* Pace, 1998
******** *[[Drusilla gilva]]* Pace, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla gracilicornis]]* (Bernhauer, 1902)
******** *[[Drusilla gracilis]]* (Hochhuth, 1849)
******** *[[Drusilla granulata]]* (Bernhauer, 1927)
******** *[[Drusilla granulicollis]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla guineensis]]* (Bernhauer, 1932)
******** *[[Drusilla haematica]]* (Fauvel, 1899)
******** *[[Drusilla heydeni]]* (Eppelsheim, 1887)
******** *[[Drusilla hipponensis]]* (Fauvel, 1898)
******** *[[Drusilla impressicollis]]* (Kraatz, 1857)
******** *[[Drusilla imurai]]* Maruyama & Kishimoto, 2002
******** *[[Drusilla incola]]* (Fauvel, 1904)
******** *[[Drusilla inflatae]]* Maruyama, Yek, Hashim & Ito, 2003
******** *[[Drusilla intermedia]]* (Cameron, 1933)
******** *[[Drusilla italica]]* (Bernhauer, 1903)
******** *[[Drusilla jacobsoni]]* (Cameron, 1936)
******** *[[Drusilla javana]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla kabyliana]]* (Fagel, 1958)
******** *[[Drusilla kadooriorum]]* Pace, 1998
******** *[[Drusilla kamerunensis]]* (Bernhauer, 1912)
******** *[[Drusilla kathmanduensis]]* Pace, 1992
******** *[[Drusilla katiki]]* Pace, 1993
******** *[[Drusilla keiichii]]* Maruyama, 2004
******** *[[Drusilla khamhengi]]* Pace, 1986
******** *[[Drusilla kinabaluensis]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla kisumuensis]]* Pace, 1996
******** *[[Drusilla laevicauda]]* (Bernhauer, 1903)
******** *[[Drusilla lateremaculata]]* Pace, 2016
******** *[[Drusilla lativentris]]* Assing, 2017
******** *[[Drusilla lethierryi]]* (Fauvel, 1898)
******** *[[Drusilla liangicola]]* Pace, 1993
******** *[[Drusilla limata]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla lineatocollis]]* (Kraatz, 1859)
******** *[[Drusilla longatheca]]* Pace, 2004
******** *[[Drusilla lucens]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla lucida]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla luzonica]]* (Bernhauer, 1915)
******** *[[Drusilla lydica]]* Assing, 2007
******** *[[Drusilla magniceps]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla mahnerti]]* Pace, 1996
******** *[[Drusilla malaisei]]* (Scheerpeltz, 1965)
******** *[[Drusilla malindensis]]* Pace, 1991
******** *[[Drusilla manenekarum]]* Pace, 1993
******** *[[Drusilla manubrifera]]* Pace, 2010
******** *[[Drusilla memnonia]]* (Märkel, 1844)
******** *[[Drusilla meridiana]]* (Fauvel, 1900)
******** *[[Drusilla mixta]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla montanella]]* (Bernhauer, 1936)
******** *[[Drusilla monticola]]* (Cameron, 1943)
******** *[[Drusilla nearctica]]* Eldredge, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla necaerea]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla nepalensis]]* Pace, 1992
******** *[[Drusilla nigra]]* (Cameron, 1925)
******** *[[Drusilla nigrescens]]* (Motschulsky, 1858)
******** *[[Drusilla nomurai]]* Maruyama, 2000
******** *[[Drusilla obliqua]]* (Bernhauer, 1916)
******** *[[Drusilla obliquoides]]* Pace, 2003
******** *[[Drusilla occipitalis]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla ocularis]]* (Fenyes, 1914)
******** *[[Drusilla opacicollis]]* (Cameron, 1920)
******** *[[Drusilla opacipennis]]* (Bernhauer, 1902)
******** *[[Drusilla operosa]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla orientalis]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla orissaensis]]* Pace, 2011
******** *[[Drusilla pallidicornis]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla papuana]]* (Cameron, 1937)
******** *[[Drusilla pendleburyi]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla penicillata]]*  Assing, 2019
******** *[[Drusilla perakensis]]* Pace, 2013
******** *[[Drusilla perdensa]]* Pace, 2004
******** *[[Drusilla perforans]]* Assing, 2015
******** *[[Drusilla persica]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla persulcata]]* Pace, 2004
******** *[[Drusilla pervisa]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla philippina]]* (Bernhauer, 1915)
******** *[[Drusilla planaticollis]]* (Kraatz, 1857)
******** *[[Drusilla plena]]* Pace, 2004
******** *[[Drusilla plicipennis]]* (Bernhauer, 1915)
******** *[[Drusilla profunda]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla proxima]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla pudukkottaiensis]]* Pace, 2001
******** *[[Drusilla puetzi]]* Assing, 2011
******** *[[Drusilla punctatissima]]* (Kraatz, 1857)
******** *[[Drusilla raffrayi]]* (Fairmaire, 1871)
******** *[[Drusilla rantepaoicola]]* Pace, 1993
******** *[[Drusilla recta]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla refugita]]* Pace, 2000
******** *[[Drusilla rougemonti]]* Pace, 1987
******** *[[Drusilla rougemontiana]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla ruficornis]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla rufiventris]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla rufobrunnea]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla rufocaelata]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla rufoflava]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla sabahensis]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla sabahorum]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla schawalleri]]* Kistner, 1994
******** *[[Drusilla sculpticollides]]* Hlavàč, Newton & Maruyama, 2011
******** *[[Drusilla semicircularis]]* (Bernhauer, 1929)
******** *[[Drusilla semicyanea]]* (Cameron, 1930)
******** *[[Drusilla semimonticola]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla semiobliqua]]* Pace, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla semipunctata]]* (Bernhauer, 1929)
******** *[[Drusilla semirubra]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla serrulae]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla shavrini]]*  Assing, 2019
******** *[[Drusilla singalorum]]* Pace, 1988
******** *[[Drusilla sinicola]]* Pace, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla sinuosa]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla smetanai]]* Pace, 1992
******** *[[Drusilla sparsa]]* (Sharp, 1874)
******** *[[Drusilla spiniventris]]*  Assing, 2019
******** *[[Drusilla spissatheca]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla stevensi]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla strigicollis]]* (Cameron, 1928)
******** *[[Drusilla subsplendens]]* Assing, 2011
******** *[[Drusilla suturalis]]* (Erichson, 1843)
******** *[[Drusilla takashii]]* Maruyama, 2004
******** *[[Drusilla taygetana]]* Assing, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla terrestris]]* Pace, 2008
******** *[[Drusilla thai]]* Pace, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla thaifuscicollis]]* Pace, 2012
******** *[[Drusilla theryi]]* (Fauvel, 1898)
******** *[[Drusilla tigrata]]* Pace, 1992
******** *[[Drusilla todolarum]]* Pace, 1993
******** *[[Drusilla trigonocephala]]* (Cameron, 1939)
******** *[[Drusilla trina]]* Pace, 2014
******** *[[Drusilla tronqueti]]* Pace, 1988
******** *[[Drusilla tuberculata]]* (Bernhauer, 1916)
******** *[[Drusilla ulusegamicola]]* Pace, 2015
******** *[[Drusilla umranicola]]* Pace, 2005
******** *[[Drusilla umtaliensis]]* Pace, 1996
******** *[[Drusilla unicolor]]* (Cameron, 1950)
******** *[[Drusilla veluticollis]]* (Cameron, 1928)
******** *[[Drusilla villosa]]* (Peyerimhoff, 1909)
******** *[[Drusilla wallacei]]* (Kistner & McNairn, 1991)
******** *[[Drusilla watanabei]]* Maruyama & Kishimoto, 2002
******** *[[Drusilla yunnanensis]]* Pace, 1993
******** *[[Drusilla zhejiangensis]]* Pace, 1998
******** *[[Drusilla zimbabwensis]]* Pace, 1996
******** *[[Drusilla zyrasoides]]* Dvořàk, 1988

## Referanser


* Silfverberg, H. 1992. *Enumeratio Coleopterorum Fennoscandiae, Daniae et Baltiae* (Liste over Nordens biller). Helsinki.

## Eksterne lenker
*