Scarites

***Scarites*** er en slekt av billene i delgruppen (underfamilien) graveløpere (Scaritinae) i familiegruppen løpebiller. 

## Utseende
Store (opptil 50 millimeter), langstrakte, blanke, oftest svarte løpebiller. Hodet er stort og mer eller mindre rektangulært, med forstørrede, svært kraftige mandibler (overkjever). Fasettøynene er små og rundede, antennene trådformede og nokså korte. Pronotum er mye bredere enn langt, bakover kraftig innsnevret slik at det danner seg en markert "stilk" mellom pronotum og dekkvingene, scutellum sitter på denne. Dekkvingene er parallellsidige med dype punktstriper. Beina er korte og kraftige.

## Levevis
Som andre Scaritinae lever disse billene hovedsakelig underjordisk. De graver godt, og lever som rovdyr.

## Utbredelse
Denne artsrike slekten er representert i alle verdensdeler bortsett fra Antarktis, men mangler i Nord-Europa.

## Systematisk inndeling

Oversikten har med de europeiske artene.   Systematikken følger Carabidae of the World.  

* ordenen biller,** Coleoptera** Linnaeus, 1758
** underordenen Adephaga Schellenberg, 1806
*** overfamilien løpebiller og vannkalver, **[[Caraboidea]]** Latreille, 1802
**** familien  ** [[løpebiller]]**, Carabidae Latreille, 1802
***** underfamilie **[[graveløpere]]** Scaritinae Bonelli, 1810
****** stammen Scaritini Bonelli, 1810 
******* slekten *Scarites* Fabricius 1775 – ikke i Norge
******** underslekt *[[Orientolobus]]* Dostal, 1996
********* *[[Scarites (Orientolobus) beesoni]]* (Andrewes, 1929) 
********* *[[Scarites (Orientolobus) birmanicus]]* (Bates, 1892)
********* *[[Scarites (Orientolobus) lucidus]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Orientolobus) modestus]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Orientolobus) sexualis]]* Banninger, 1938 
********* *[[Scarites (Orientolobus) stygicus]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Orientolobus) vilhenai]]* (Basilewsky, 1955) 
********* *[[Scarites (Orientolobus) wittei]]* (Banninger, 1933)
******** underslekt *[[Parallelomorphus]]* Motschulsky, 1849
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) acutidens]]* Chaudoir, 1855
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) aterrimus]]* A. Morawitz, 1863
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) cultripalpis]]* Quedenfeldt, 1883 
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) discoidalis]]* Banninger, 1938
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) inconspicuus]]* Chaudoir, 1855
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) indus]]* Olivier, 1795   
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) laevigatus]]* Fabricius, 1792
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) mandli]]* Jedlicka, 1963
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) nitidulus]]* Klug, 1862  
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) punctum]]* Wiedemann, 1823
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) quadripunctatus]]* Dejean, 1825   
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) semicircularis]]* W.S. MacLeay, 1825
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) subcylindricus]]* Chaudoir, 1843
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) subnitens]]* Chaudoir, 1855
********* *[[Scarites (Parallelomorphus) terricola]]* Bonelli, 1813
******** underslekt *[[Scallophorites]]* Motschulsky, 1858
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) abbreviatus]]* Dejean, 1825 - finnes på Madeira
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) afghanus]]* Jedlicka, 1967
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) basiplicatus]]* Heyden, 1884
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) bucida]]* (Pallas, 1778) - det sørøstlige Europa
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) buparius]]* (Förster, 1771) - Sør-Europa, dessuten funnet i Estland
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) cycloderus]]* Chaudoir, 1880
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) cyclops]]* Crotch, 1871 - Den iberiske halvøya
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) guineensis]]* Dejean, 1831
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) impressus]]* Fabricius, 1801 - Spania og Sardinia
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) kabakovi]]* Dostal, 1997
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) klapperichi]]* Banninger, 1956
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) nitens]]* Andrewes, 1929
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) saxicola]]* Bonelli, 1813 - Hellas
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) striatus]]* Dejean, 1825
********* *[[Scarites (Scallophorites) turkestanicus]]* Heyden, 1884
******** underslekt *Scarites* (i snever forstand)
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) aestuans]]* Klug, 1855
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) angulifrons]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) angustesulcatus]]* Baehr, 2002 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) angustus]]* (Chaudoir, 1855)  
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) anomalus]]* Andrewes, 1930 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) anthracinus]]* Dejean, 1831  
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) atronitens]]* Fairmaire, 1887 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) baenningeri]]* Emden, 1932 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) barbarus]]* Dejean, 1825 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) batesi]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) bengalensis]]* Dejean, 1826
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) biangulatus]]* Fairmaire, 1898 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) bokalensis]]* Banninger, 1932 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) bottegoi]]* Banninger, 1937 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) boucardi]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) bruchi]]* Banninger, 1932 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) cayennensis]]* Dejean, 1825 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) ceylonicus]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) colossus]]* Csiki, 1927 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) comoricus]]* Alluaud, 1932 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) corbetti]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) cormoides]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) costipennis]]* Peringuey, 1896 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) crassus]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) cylindriformis]]* Banninger, 1933 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) cylindronotus]]* Faldermann, 1836
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) defletus]]* Banninger, 1933 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) denticulatus]]* Chaudoir, 1880
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) derogatus]]* Andrewes, 1929
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) distinguendus]]* Chaudoir, 1855 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) doguereaui]]* Gory, 1833 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) dubiosus]]* Andrewes, 1929
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) dyschromus]]* Chaudoir, 1855 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) edentatus]]* Banninger, 1932 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) emarginatus]]* Herbst, 1806
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) epaphius]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) estriatus]]* Fairmaire, 1887
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) eurytus]]* Fischer von Waldheim, 1828 - spredt i Sør-Europa, også i Estland
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) exaratus]]* Dejean, 1825 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) excavatus]]* Kirby, 1818 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) fairmairei]]* Banninger, 1933 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) fatuus]]* Karsch, 1881 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) feanus]]* Banninger, 1937 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) ferus]]* Banninger, 1933 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) fletcheri]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) granulatus]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) heterogrammus]]* Perty, 1830 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) hypsipus]]* Alluaud, 1917 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) illustris]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) inaequalis]]* Fairmaire, 1893 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) limitaneus]]* Andrewes, 1932
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) linearis]]* Boheman, 1848   
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) liopterus]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) liostracus]]* Alluaud, 1930 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) lissopterus]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) lomaensis]]* Basilewsky, 1972 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) longiusculus]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) lubricipennis]]* Minowa, 1932
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) lunicollis]]* Banninger, 1933 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) madagascariensis]]* Dejean, 1831 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) malangensis]]* Quedenfeldt, 1883 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) mandarinus]]* Banninger, 1928
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) mandibularis]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) marinus]]* Nichols, 1986 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) mayumbensis]]* Banninger, 1933 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) melanarius]]* Dejean, 1831 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) migiurtinus]]* G.Muller, 1944 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) minowai]]* Habu, 1947
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) natalensis]]* Boheman, 1848 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) nigrita]]* Boheman, 1848 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) nitidiceps]]* Baehr, 2002 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) ocalensis]]* Nichols, 1986 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) orthomus]]* Chaudoir, 1855
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) paraguayensis]]* Banninger, 1928 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) parallelus]]* Dejean, 1825 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) passaloides]]* Quedenfeldt, 1883 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) patroclus]]* Murray, 1857 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) patruelis]]* Leconte, 1845 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) perplexus]]* Dejean, 1825 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) pinguis]]* Andrewes, 1929
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) politus]]* Bonelli, 1813 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) polyphemus]]* Herbst, 1806 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) praedator]]* Chaudoir, 1880
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) procerus]]* Dejean, 1825
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) productus]]* Banninger, 1933 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) quadratus]]* Fabricius, 1801 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) quadriceps]]* Chaudoir, 1843 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) quadricostis]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) raptor]]* Andrewes, 1932
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) reductus]]* Banninger, 1933 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) retusus]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) richteri]]* Chaudoir, 1847 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) rugiceps]]* Wiedemann, 1823 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) rugosus]]* Wiedemann, 1821 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) salinus]]* Dejean, 1825 - Sørøst-Europa
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) scaevus]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) selene]]* Schmidt-Gobel, 1846
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) senegalensis]]* Dejean, 1825    
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) similis]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) simogonus]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) stenodes]]* Andrewes, 1929
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) stenops]]* Bousquet & Skelley, 2010   
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) strigifrons]]* Baehr, 2002 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) subpatroclus]]* Basilewsky, 1972 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) subrugatus]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) subterraneus]]* Fabricius, 1775   
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) sulcatus]]* Olivier, 1795 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) tauropus]]* Andrewes, 1929 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) tenebricosus]]* Dejean, 1831 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) texanus]]* Chaudoir, 1880 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) timorensis]]* Banninger, 1949 
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) trachydermon]]* Andrewes, 1936
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) unicus]]* Minowa, 1932
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) urbanus]]* Minowa, 1932
********* *[[Scarites (Scarites) zambo]]* Steinheil, 1875 
******** underslekt *[[Taeniolobus]]* Chaudoir, 1855
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) aberrans]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) bonariensis]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) carinatus]]* Dejean, 1825 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) convexipennis]]* Fairmaire, 1868 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) convexiusculus]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) corvinus]]* Dejean, 1831 (Taeniolobus) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) cubanus]]* (Banninger, 1937) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) deplanatus]]* (Banninger, 1937) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) dubius]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) ecuadorensis]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) furcatus]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) gratus]]* (Chaudoir, 1855) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) guerini]]* (Chaudoir, 1855) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) holcocranius]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) interpositus]]* (Banninger, 1933) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) lebasii]]* (Chaudoir, 1855) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) meridionalis]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) multisetosus]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) oberthueri]]* Banninger, 1938 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) obliteratus]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) planatus]]* Dejean, 1831 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) planiusculus]]* (Chaudoir, 1855) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) pronotalis]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) reichei]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) rugatus]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) rugicollis]]* Dejean, 1825 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) schubarti]]* Banninger, 1939 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) seriepunctatus]]* (Banninger, 1933) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) setosus]]* Banninger, 1941 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) silvestris]]* Castelnau, 1835 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) spectabilis]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) subcostatus]]* (Chaudoir, 1880) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) subsulcatus]]* Dejean, 1831 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) sulciceps]]* (Chaudoir, 1855) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) sulcifrons]]* (Chaudoir, 1855) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) thiemei]]* (Banninger, 1933) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) vilcanotanus]]* (Banninger, 1932) 
********* *[[Scarites (Taeniolobus) zikani]]* Banninger, 1941

## Referanser


## Eksterne lenker
* 
* ''Scarites'' – Database Carabidae of the World – engelskspråklig
* ''Scarites'' - Fauna Europaea  - engelskspråklig
* Norsk Entomologisk forening