Arhopala

***Arhopala*** er en svært artsrik slekt av glansvingene som tilhører underfamilien stjertvinger (Theclinae).  

## Utseende
Middelsstore stjertvinger med litt kantete vinger og forholdsvis korte stjerter på bakvingene. Oversiden er vanligvis blå, blåfiolett eller grønn, undersiden lysbrun med mørkere brune tverrbånd.

## Levevis
Larvene lever på ulike busker og trær, sammen med maur.

## Utbredelse
Gruppen er nesten utelukkende utbredt i Sørøst-Asia, men noen få arter går inn i sørøstlige deler av den palearktiske sone.

## Systematisk inndeling

* sommerfugler (Lepidoptera)
** gruppe / overfamilie **[[dagsommerfugler]]** (Papilionoidea) 
*** familie **[[glansvinger]]** (Lycaenidae) 
**** delgruppe **[[Lycaeninae]]** (i vid forstand)
***** **stjertvinger ** (Theclinae)
****** stamme Arhopalini Bingham, 1907
******* slekten *Arhopala* Boisduval, 1832 – ca. 220 arter
******** ***centaurus''-artsgruppen''' (underslekt ''Nilasera'' om denne er gyldig)
********* ''[[Arhopala acron]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala adherbal]]'' <small>Grose-Smith, 1902</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala admete]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1863)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala aexone]]'' <small>(Hewitson, [1863])</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala alkisthenes]]'' <small>Fruhstorfer, 1914</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala amantes]]''<small> (Hewitson, 1862)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala ander]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala araxes]]'' <small>C. & R.Felder, [1865]</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala azenia]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1863)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala centaurus]]'' <small>([[Fabricius]], 1775)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala eurisus]]'' <small>Druce, 1891</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala kirwinii]]'' <small>Bethune-Baker, 1903</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala leander]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala madytus]]'' <small>Frühstorfer, 1914</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala meander]]'' <small>Boisduval, 1832</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala micale]]'' <small>Blanchard, 1853</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala philander]]'' <small>C. & R.Felder, [1865]</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala pseudocentaurus]]'' <small>(Doubleday, 1847)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala sophrosyne]]'' <small>Grose-Smith, 1889</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala styx]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957) </small>
********* ''[[Arhopala wanda]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957) </small>
******** ***agesias*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala agesias]]* (Hewitson, 1862)
********* *[[Arhopala ijanensis]]* Bethune-Baker, 1897 
********* *[[Arhopala kinabala]]* Druce, 1895
********* *[[Arhopala similis]]* Druce, 1895
******** ***anthelus''-artsgruppen''' (underslekt ''Narathura'' om denne er gyldig)
********* ''[[Arhopala achelous]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala antharita]]'' <small>Grose-Smith, 1894</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala anthelus]]'' <small>(Westwood, 1851)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala auxesia]]'' <small>(Hewitson, [1863])</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala aedias]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small> 
********* ''[[Arhopala hypomuta]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small> 
******** ***camdeo*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala anarte]]* (Hewitson, 1862) 
********* *[[Arhopala belphoebe]]* Doherty, 1889
********* *[[Arhopala camdana]]* Corbet, 1941
********* *[[Arhopala camdeo]]* (Moore, [1858]) 
********* *[[Arhopala dispar]]* Riley & Godfrey, 1921
********* *[[Arhopala hellada]]* Fruhstorfer, 1914
********* *[[Arhopala johoreana]]* Corbet, 1941
********* *[[Arhopala opalina]]* (Moore, 1884)
********* *[[Arhopala semperi]]* Bethune-Baker, 1896
********* *[[Arhopala varro]]* Fruhstorfer, 1914
********* *[[Arhopala bazaloides]]* (Hewitson, 1878)
********* *[[Arhopala myrzala]]* (Hewitson, 1869)
********* *[[Arhopala myrzalina]]* Corbet, 1941
******** ***oenea''-artsgruppen'''
********* ''[[Arhopala allata]]'' <small>(Staudinger, 1889)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala khamti]]'' <small>Doherty, 1891</small> 
********* ''[[Arhopala oenea]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1869)</small> 
******** ***epimuta*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala atosia]]* (Hewitson, [1863])
********* *[[Arhopala epimuta]]* (Moore, [1858])
********* *[[Arhopala lurida]]* Corbet, 1941
******** ***amphimuta''-artsgruppen'''
********* ''[[Arhopala alica]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala amphimuta]]'' <small>(C. & R.Felder, 1860)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala avathina]]'' <small>Corbet, 1941</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala baluensis]]'' <small>Bethune-Baker, 1904</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala dajagaka]]'' <small>Bethune-Baker, 1896</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala delta]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala inornata]]'' <small>(C. & R.Felder, 1860)</small> 
********* ''[[Arhopala kurzi]]'' <small>(Distant, 1885)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala major]]'' <small>(Staudinger, 1889)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala moolaiana]]'' <small>(Moore, [1879])</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala norda]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala sceva]]'' <small>Bethune-Baker, 1903</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala stubbsi]]'' <small>Eliot, 1962</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala zylda]]'' <small>Corbet, 1941</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala moorei]]'' <small>Bethune-Baker, 1896</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala muta]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala tropaea]]'' <small>Corbet, 1941</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala antimuta]]'' <small>C. & R.Felder, [1865]</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala metamuta]]'' <small>(Hewitson, [1863])</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala perimuta]]'' <small>(Moore, [1858])</small> 
******** ***agesilaus*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala agesilaus]]* (Staudinger, 1889)
********* *[[Arhopala avatha]]* de Nicéville, [1896]
********* *[[Arhopala democritus]]* (Fabricius, 1793) 
******** ***alitaeus''-artsgruppen'''
********* ''[[Arhopala aida]]'' <small>de Nicéville, 1889</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala alitaeus]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala ariana]]'' <small>(Evans, [1925])</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala arianaga]]'' <small>Corbet, 1941</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala denta]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala elopura]]'' <small>Druce, 1894</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala havilandi]]'' <small>Bethune-Baker, 1896</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala pseudomuta]]'' <small>(Staudinger, 1889)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala sintanga]]'' <small>Corbet, 1948</small>
******** ***agrata*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala ace]]* de Nicéville, [1893] 
********* *[[Arhopala agrata]]* de Nicéville, 1890
********* *[[Arhopala azinis]]* de Nicéville, [1896]
******** ***cleander''-artsgruppen'''
********* ''[[Arhopala aruana]]'' <small>(Evans, 1957)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala ate]]'' <small>(Hewitson, [1863])</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala athada]]'' <small>(Staudinger, 1889)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala cleander]]'' <small>([[Cajetan Freiherr von Felder|C.Felder]], 1860)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala silhetensis]]'' 
********* ''[[Arhopala zambra]]'' <small>Swinhoe, [1911]</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala aenigma]]'' <small>Eliot, 1972</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala agaba]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala alea]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala aroa]]'' <small>(Hewitson, [1863])</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala aurelia]]'' <small>(Evans, [1925])</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala evansi]]'' <small>Corbet, 1941</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala milleri]]'' <small>Corbet, 1941</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala normani]]'' <small>Eliot, 1972</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala phaenops]]'' <small>C. & R.Felder, [1865]</small> (inkludert ''A. detrita'')
********* ''[[Arhopala phanda]]'' <small>Corbet, 1941</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala ralanda]]'' <small>Corbet, 1941</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala selta]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1869)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala sublustris]]'' <small>Bethune-Baker, 1904</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala vihara]]'' <small>(C. & R. Felder, 1860)</small>
******** ***eumolphus*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala acta]]* (Evans, 1957)
********* *[[Arhopala asma]]* (Evans, 1957)
********* *[[Arhopala bazalus]]* (Hewitson, 1862)
********* *[[Arhopala chamaeleona]]* Bethune-Baker, 1903
********* *[[Arhopala corinda]]* (Hewitson, 1869) 
********* *[[Arhopala critala]]* (Felder, 1860)
********* *[[Arhopala eumolphus]]* (Cramer, 1780)
********* *[[Arhopala florinda]]* Grose-Smith, 1886
********* *[[Arhopala hellenore]]* Doherty, 1889 
********* *[[Arhopala horsfieldi]]* (Pagenstecher, 1890)
********* *[[Arhopala irma]]* Fruhstorfer, 1914
********* *[[Arhopala nobilis]]* (Felder, 1860)
********* *[[Arhopala overdijkinki]]* Corbet, 1941
********* *[[Arhopala pagenstecheri]]*
********* *[[Arhopala tameanga]]* Bethune-Baker, 1896
********* *[[Arhopala wildei]]* Miskin, 1891
******** ***rama''-artsgruppen'''
********* ''[[Arhopala arvina]]'' <small>(Hewitson, [1863])</small> 
********* ''[[Arhopala buddha]]'' <small>Bethune-Baker, 1903</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala paralea]]'' <small>(Evans, 1925)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala rama]]'' <small>(Kollar, 1844)</small>
******** ***agelastus*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala agelastus]]* (Hewitson, 1862)
********* *[[Arhopala alaconia]]* (Hewitson, 1869)
********* *[[Arhopala alesia]]* C. & R. Felder, 1865
********* *[[Arhopala barami]]* Bethune-Baker, 1903
********* *[[Arhopala cardoni]]* Corbet, 1941
********* *[[Arhopala epimete]]* (Staudinger, 1889)
********* *[[Arhopala labuana]]* Bethune-Baker, 1896
********* *[[Arhopala wildeyana]]* Corbet, 1941
******** ***fulla''-artsgruppen'''
********* ''[[Arhopala disparilis]]'' <small>([[Cajetan Freiherr von Felder|Felder]], 1860)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala fulla]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small> 
******** ***aurea*-artsgruppen *' (underslekt *Aurea* om denne er gyldig)
********* *[[Arhopala aurea]]* (Hewitson, 1862)
********* *[[Arhopala borneensis]]* Bethune-Baker, 1896
********* *[[Arhopala caeca]]* (Hewitson, [1863])
********* *[[Arhopala stinga]]* (Evans, 1957)
********* *[[Arhopala trogon]]* (Distant, 1884)
******** ***ganesa''-artsgruppen''' (underslekt ''Panchala'' om denne er gyldig)
********* ''[[Arhopala ammon]]'' <small>(Hewitson, 1862)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala ammonides]]'' <small>(Doherty, 1891)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala ariel]]'' <small>(Doherty, 1891)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala elizabethae]]'' <small>(Eliot, 1959)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala ganesa]]'' <small>(Moore, 1858)</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala paraganesa]]'' <small>(de Nicéville, 1882)</small> 
******** ***abseus*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala abseus]]* (Hewitson, 1862)
********* *[[Arhopala anella]]* de Nicéville, [1895]
******** ***thamyras''-artsgruppen'''
********* ''[[Arhopala arta]]'' <small>Evans, 1957</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala axina]]'' <small>Evans, 1957</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala axiothea]]'' <small>Hewitson, [1863]</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala doreena]]'' <small>Parsons, 1986</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala helianthes]]'' <small>Grose-Smith, 1902</small>
********* ''[[Arhopala thamyras]]'' <small>([[Linnaeus]], 1764)</small>
******** ***hercules*-artsgruppen*'
********* *[[Arhopala hercules]]* (Hewitson, 1862)
********* *[[Arhopala herculina]]* Staudinger, 1888
********* *[[Arhopala leo]]* Druce, 1894
********* *[[Arhopala sophilus]]* Frühstorfer, 1914
********* *[[Arhopala tyrannus]]* C. & R. Felder, 1865
******** ***usikker plassering***
********* *[[Arhopala aberrans]]* (de Nicéville, [1889]) 
********* *[[Arhopala acetes]]* Hewitson, 1862
********* *[[Arhopala aeeta]]* de Nicéville, [1893]
********* *[[Arhopala alax]]* (Evans, 1932)
********* *[[Arhopala alexandrae]]* Schröder & Treadaway, 1978
********* *[[Arhopala anamuta]]* Semper, 1890
********* *[[Arhopala annulata]]* (Felder, 1860)
********* *[[Arhopala argentea]]* Staudinger, 1888
********* *[[Arhopala aronya]]* (Hewitson, 1869)
********* *[[Arhopala arsenius]]* (C. & R.Felder, [1865])
********* *[[Arhopala asinarus]]* C. & R.Felder, [1865]
********* *[[Arhopala asopia]]* (Hewitson, [1869]) 
********* *[[Arhopala atrax]]* (Hewitson, 1862)
********* *[[Arhopala bella]]* Bethune-Baker, 1896
********* *[[Arhopala birmana]]* (Moore, 1884)
********* *[[Arhopala brooksiana]]* Corbet, 1941
********* *[[Arhopala canaraica]]* (Moore, 1884)
********* *[[Arhopala comica]]* de Nicéville, 1900 
********* *[[Arhopala curiosa]]* (Evans, 1957)
********* *[[Arhopala davaona]]* Semper, 1890
********* *[[Arhopala dodonaea]]* (Moore, 1858)
********* *[[Arhopala dohertyi]]* Bethune-Baker, 1903
********* *[[Arhopala ellisi]]* Evans, 1914 
********* *[[Arhopala eridanus]] <small>(Felder, 1860)</small>
********* *Arhopala grandimuta* <small>Seki, 1993</small>
********* *Arhopala halma* <small>Evans, 1957 </small>
********* *Arhopala halmaheira* <small>Bethune-Baker, 1904 </small>
********* *Arhopala hellenoroides* <small>Chou & Gu, 1994</small>
********* *Arhopala hesba* <small>(Hewitson, 1869)</small>
********* *Arhopala hinigugma* <small>Takanami, 1985</small>
********* *Arhopala hylander* <small>Grose-Smith, 1894 </small>
********* *Arhopala ilocana* <small>Osada & Hashimoto, 1987</small>
********* *Arhopala irregularis* <small>Bethune-Baker, 1903</small>
********* *Arhopala japonica* <small>(Murray, 1875)</small>
********* *Arhopala lata* <small>(Evans, 1957)</small>
********* *Arhopala luzonensis* <small>Takanami & Ballantine, 1987</small>
********* *Arhopala matsutaroi* <small>(Hayashi, 1979)</small>
********* *Arhopala mindanensis* <small>Bethune-Baker, 1903</small>
********* *Arhopala mizunumai* <small>(Hayashi, 1978)</small>
********* *Arhopala myrtha* <small>(Staudinger, 1889)</small>
********* *Arhopala nakamotoi*
********* *Arhopala nicevillei* <small>Bethune-Baker, 1903</small>
********* *Arhopala ocrida* <small>(Hewitson, 1869)</small>
********* *Arhopala ormistoni* <small>Riley, 1920 </small>
********* *Arhopala pabihira* <small>Takanami, 1982 </small>
********* *Arhopala paramuta* <small>(de Nicéville, 1884)</small>
********* *Arhopala phryxus* <small>Boisduval, 1832</small>
********* *Arhopala pseudovihara* <small>(Hayashi, 1981)</small>
********* *Arhopala qiongdaoensis* <small>Chou & Gu, 1994</small>
********* *Arhopala quercoides* <small>Röber, 1886 </small>
********* *Arhopala rudepoema* <small>Seki, [1995]</small>
********* *Arhopala sakaguchii* <small>(Hayashi, 1981)</small>
********* *Arhopala sangira* <small>Bethune-Baker, 1897</small>
********* *Arhopala schroederi*
********* *Arhopala siabra* <small>Corbet, 1941 </small>
********* *Arhopala simoni* <small>Schröder & Treadaway, 1999</small>
********* *Arhopala singla* <small>(de Nicéville, 1885)</small> – [[Yellow-disk Oakblue]]
********* *Arhopala staudingeri* <small>Semper, 1890</small>
********* *Arhopala straatmani*
********* *Arhopala tephlis* <small>Hewitson, 1869 </small>
********* *Arhopala theba* <small>(Hewitson, [1863])</small>
********* *Arhopala tindongani* <small>Nuyda & Takanami, 1990</small>
********* *Arhopala trionaea* <small>Semper, 1890</small> 
********* *Arhopala weelii* <small>Piepers & Snellen, 1918 </small>
********* *Arhopala zeta* <small>Moore, 1878</small>

== Litteratur ==


== Eksterne lenker ==
* 

* Brower, Andrew V. Z. 2007. [http://tolweb.org/Arhopala/ *Arhopala* i The Tree of Life Web Project, [http://tolweb.org/ http://tolweb.org] 
* [http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/lycaenidae/theclinae/arhopala/index.html www.funet.fi – *Arhopala'']