Calligrapha

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***Calligrapha*** er slekt av biller i delgruppen (underfamilien) **[[Chrysomelinae]]**.

## Utseende
Middelsstore, bredt ovale, blanke, gjerne gule eller røde og svarte bladbiller. Antennene er litt fortykket mot spissen, knapt halvparten så lange som kroppen. Pronotum er rundet, mye bredere enn langt, ved roten så bredt som dekkvingene.

## Levevis
Slekten kan finnes på mange ulike planter.

## Utbredelse
Slekten er utbredt i Amerika. Det er sannsynlig at de nordamerikanske artene som i dag er plassert i slekten *[[Zygogramma]]* hører hjemme i *Calligrapha* .

## Systematisk inndeling

* orden **[[biller]]** (Coleoptera)
** underorden **[[Polyphaga]]**
*** overfamilie **[[Chrysomeloidea]]** Latreille, 1802 (=Phytophaga) 
**** familien  bladbiller (Chrysomelidae Latreille, 1802) 
***** underfamilien **Bladbiller**, Chrysomelinae Latreille, 1802
****** stammen Chrysomelini Latreille, 1802
******* slekten ***Calligrapha*** Chevrolat in Dejean, 1836
******** underslekten *Bidensomela* Monrós, 1955
********* *[[Calligrapha androwi]]* Clark & Cavey, 1995 
********* *[[Calligrapha bidenticola]]* Brown, 1945
********* *[[Calligrapha californica]]* Linell, 1896
********* *[[Calligrapha incisa]]* (Rogers, 1856)
********* *[[Calligrapha praecelsis]]* (Rogers, 1856)
******** underslekten *Calligramma* Monrós, 1955
********* *[[Calligrapha cephalanthi]]* (Schwarz, 1878)
******** underslekten *Calligrapha* (i snever forstand)
********* *[[Calligrapha alni]]* Schaeffer, 1928 
********* *[[Calligrapha alnicola]]* Brown, 1945
********* *[[Calligrapha amator]]* Brown, 1945 
********* *[[Calligrapha ancoralis]]* Stal, 1860
********* *[[Calligrapha apicalis]]* Notman, 1919
********* *[[Calligrapha confluens]]* Schaeffer, 1928
********* *[[Calligrapha dislocata]]* (Rogers, 1856)
********* *[[Calligrapha diversa]]* Stal, 1859
********* *[[Calligrapha dolosa]]* Brown, 1945
********* *[[Calligrapha floridana]]* Schaeffer, 1934
********* *[[Calligrapha ignota]]* Brown, 1940
********* *[[Calligrapha knabi]]* Brown, 1940
********* *[[Calligrapha multiguttata]]* Stål, 1859
********* *[[Calligrapha multipunctata]]* (Say, 1824) 
********* *[[Calligrapha philadelphica]]* (Linnaeus, 1758) 
********* *[[Calligrapha pnirsa]]* Stål, 1860 
********* *[[Calligrapha pruni]]* Brown, 1945
********* *[[Calligrapha rhoda]]* Knab, 1909
********* *[[Calligrapha rowena]]* Knab, 1909
********* *[[Calligrapha scalaris]]* (J. E. LeConte, 1824) 
********* *[[Calligrapha serpentina]]* (Rogers, 1856) 
********* *[[Calligrapha sigmoidea]]* (J. L. LeConte, 1859)
********* *[[Calligrapha spiraeae]]* (Say, 1826)
********* *[[Calligrapha suturella]]*
********* *[[Calligrapha sylvia]]* (Stål, 1860)
********* *[[Calligrapha tiliae]]* Brown, 1945
********* *[[Calligrapha verrucosa]]* (Suffrian, 1858)
********* *[[Calligrapha vicina]]* Schaeffer, 1933
********* *[[Calligrapha virginea]]* Brown, 1945
********* *[[Calligrapha wickhami]]* Bowditch, 1911
******** underslekten *Graphicallo*
********* *[[Calligrapha lunata]]* (Fabricius, 1787) 
******** underslekten *Zygospila* Achard, 1923 - har stort sett vært plassert i slekten *[[Zygogramma]]*, men bør antagelig plasseres i *Calligrapha*
********* *[[Calligrapha arizonica]]* Schaeffer, 1906
********* *[[Calligrapha bigenera]]* (Stål, 1859)
********* *[[Calligrapha conjuncta]]* (Rogers, 1856)
********* *[[Calligrapha continua]]* (J. L. LeConte, 1868)
********* *[[Calligrapha disrupta]]* (Rogers, 1856)
********* *[[Calligrapha estriata]]* Schaeffer, 1919
********* *[[Calligrapha exclamationis]]* (Fabricius, 1798)
********* *[[Calligrapha heterothecae]]* Linell, 1896
********* *[[Calligrapha malvae]]* (Stål, 1859)
********* *[[Calligrapha opifera]]* (Stål, 1860)
********* *[[Calligrapha piceicollis]]* (Stål, 1859)
********* *[[Calligrapha suturalis]]* (Fabricius, 1775)
********* *[[Calligrapha tortuosa]]* (Rogers, 1856)
******** Ikke plassert til underslekt
********* *[[Calligrapha aeneopicta]]*  Stål, 1859
********* *[[Calligrapha amelia]]* Knab, 1909
********* *[[Calligrapha anabelae]]* Gómez-Zurita, 2015
********* *[[Calligrapha androwi]]* S. Clark and Cavey, 1995
********* *[[Calligrapha argus]]*  Stål, 1859
********* *[[Calligrapha catarinae]]* Gómez-Zurita, 2015
********* *[[Calligrapha consputa]]*  Stål, 1860
********* *[[Calligrapha elegantula]]* Jacoby, 1877
********* *[[Calligrapha fulvipes]]* Stål, 1859
********* *[[Calligrapha fulvitarsis]]* Jacoby, 1891
********* *[[Calligrapha geographica]]* Stål, 1860
********* *[[Calligrapha multipustulata]]*  Stål, 1859
********* *[[Calligrapha ostryae]]* Brown, 1945
********* *[[Calligrapha pantherina]]* Stål, 1859
********* *[[Calligrapha ramulifera]]* Stål, 1859
********* *[[Calligrapha simillima]]* Stål, 18609

## Litteratur
* Jesús Gómez-Zurita (2015) Systematic revision of the genus *Calligrapha* Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae) in Central America: The group of *Calligrapha argus* Stål. Zootaxa 3922: 1-71. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273951411_Systematic_revision_of_the_genus_Calligrapha_Chevrolat_Coleoptera_Chrysomelidae_Chrysomelinae_in_Central_America_The_group_of_Calligrapha_argus_Stal

## Referanser


## Eksterne lenker
* bugguide.net - ''Calligrapha''
* bugguide.net - ''Zygogramma''
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