Parastacidae

**Parastacidae** er en familie av kreps innen ordenen Reptantia som inngår i den store gruppen av såkalte tifotkrepser. Denne familien omfatter bare sørlige (tropiske) ferskvannskreps. Den inneholder inntil 16 slekter med 189 godkjente arter, hvorav 2 slekter er utdødde. En viktig slekt er *[[Astacoides]]* med  7 mulige arter. 

Utbredelsen følger klassisk Gondwana-kontinentet med forekomster i dagens Sør-Amerika, Madagaskar, Oseania og Ny-Guinea, samt fossile funn fra Antarktis.

## Taksonomisk plassering
Taksonomien til storkreps er komplisert og under stadig revisjon. Det er generelt omstridt å fin-inndele organismer taksonomisk. En moderne oppdatering av systematikken gis her med basis i *WoRMS*-databasens systematikk fra 2013.. 

* Rekke: krepsdyr (Crustacea) - 67.000 arter
** KLASSE storkreps (Malacostraca) - +30.000 arter Latreille, 1802
*** Underklasse «ekte storkreps» Eumalacostraca - +22.000 arter Grobben, 1892
**** Usikker overorden Eucarida Calman, 1904
***** Orden tifotkrepser (Decapoda) - 2.700 slekter, 15.000 arter Latreille, 1802
****** Underorden kreps og krabber Reptantia = Macrura Reptantia
******* Infraorden langhalekreps, kreps og hummere  (Astacidea)
******** Usikker overfamilie kreps Astacoidea  Latreille, 1802
********* Familie Parastacidae 
********** *Slekt † [[Aenigmastacus]]* - British Columbia, Canada
*********** *† [[Aenigmastacus crandalli]]*
********** *Slekt [[Astacoides]]* Guérin-Méneville, 1839 - Madagaskar
*********** *[[Astacoides betsileoensis]]* Petit, 1923
*********** *[[Astacoides caldwelli]]* (Bate, 1865)
*********** *[[Astacoides crosnieri]]* Hobbs, 1987
*********** *[[Astacoides granulimanus]]* Monod & Petit, 1929
*********** *[[Astacoides hobbsi]]* Boyko in Boyko, Ravpahangimalala, Randriamsimanana & Razafindrazaka, 2005
*********** *[[Astacoides madagascariensis]]* (A. Milne Edwards & Audouin, 1839)
*********** *[[Astacoides petiti]]* Hobbs, 1987
********** *Slekt [[Astacopsis]]* 
*********** *[[Astacopsis franklinii]]*
*********** *[[Astacopsis gouldi]]*
*********** *[[Astacopsis tricornis]]*
********** *Slekt [[Cherax]]* Erichson, 1846 - Australia. Ny-Guinea
*********** *[[Cherax albertisii]]*
*********** *[[Cherax albidus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax angustus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax aruanus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax austini]]*
*********** *[[Cherax barretti]]*
*********** *[[Cherax bicarinatus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax boesemani]]*
*********** *[[Cherax boschmai]]*
*********** *[[Cherax buitendijkae]]*
*********** *[[Cherax cainii]]*
*********** *[[Cherax cairnsensis]]*
*********** *[[Cherax cartalacoolah]]*
*********** *[[Cherax cid]]*
*********** *[[Cherax communis]]*
*********** *[[Cherax crassimanus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax cuspidatus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax davisi]]*
*********** *[[Cherax depressus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax destructor]]* Clark, 1936
*********** *[[Cherax dispar]]*
*********** *[[Cherax esculus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax glaber]]*
*********** *[[Cherax glabrimanus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax gladstonensis]]*
*********** *[[Cherax holthuisi]]* Lukhaup & Pekny, 2006
*********** *[[Cherax leckii]]*
*********** *[[Cherax longipes]]*
*********** *[[Cherax lorentzi]]*
*********** *[[Cherax misolicus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax monticola]]*
*********** *[[Cherax murido]]*
*********** *[[Cherax neocarinatus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax neopunctatus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax nucifraga]]* Short, 1991
*********** *[[Cherax pallidus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax paniaicus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax papuanus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax parvus]]* Short & Davey, 1993
*********** *[[Cherax peknyi]]*
*********** *[[Cherax plebejus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax preissii]]*
*********** *[[Cherax punctatus]]* 
*********** *[[Cherax quadricarinatus]]* (Von Martens, 1868)
*********** *[[Cherax quinquecarinatus]]*  J. E. Gray, 1845
*********** *[[Cherax rhynchotus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax robustus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax rotundus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax solus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax tenuimanus]]* (Smith, 1912)
*********** *[[Cherax urospinosus]]*
*********** *[[Cherax wasselli]]*
********** *Slekt [[Engaeus]]* 
*********** Data mangler:
*********** *[[Engaeus affinis]]* Smith & Schuster, 1913
*********** *[[Engaeus curvisuturus]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus karnanga]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus laevis]]* (Clark, 1941)
*********** *[[Engaeus nulloporius]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** Kritisk truede arter:
*********** *[[Engaeus granulatus]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus mallacoota]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus spinicaudatus]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus sternalis]]* (Clark, 1936)
*********** Truede arter:
*********** *[[Engaeus disjuncticus]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus martigener]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus phyllocercus]]* Smith & Schuster, 1913
*********** Sårbare arter
*********** *[[Engaeus rostrogaleatus]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus urostrictus]]* Riek, 1969
*********** *[[Engaeus yabbimunna]]* Horwitz, 1994
*********** Nær truede arter
*********** *[[Engaeus australis]]* Riek, 1969
*********** *[[Engaeus orramakunna]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus victoriensis]]* Smith & Schuster, 1913
*********** Minste bekymringer
*********** *[[Engaeus cisternarius]]* Suter, 1977
*********** *[[Engaeus cunicularius]]* (Erichson, 1846)
*********** *[[Engaeus cymus]]* (Clark, 1936)
*********** *[[Engaeus fossor]]* (Erichson, 1846)
*********** *[[Engaeus fultoni]]* Smith & Schuster, 1913
*********** *[[Engaeus hemicirratulus]]* Smith & Schuster, 1913
*********** *[[Engaeus lengana]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus leptorhynchus]]* Clark, 1936
*********** *[[Engaeus lyelli]]* (Clark, 1936)
*********** *[[Engaeus mairener]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus merosetosus]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus orientalis]]* Clark, 1941
*********** *[[Engaeus quadrimanus]]* Clark, 1936
*********** *[[Engaeus sericatus]]* Clark, 1936
*********** *[[Engaeus strictifrons]]* (Clark, 1936)
*********** *[[Engaeus tayatea]]* Horwitz, 1990
*********** *[[Engaeus tuberculatus]]* Clark, 1936
********** *Slekt [[Engaewa]]* Riek, 1967 - Western Australia
*********** *[[Engaewa pseudoreducta]]* Horwitz & Adams, 2000
*********** *[[Engaewa reducta]]* Riek, 1967  
*********** *[[Engaewa similis]]* Riek, 1967  
*********** *[[Engaewa subcoerulea]]* Riek, 1967 
*********** *[[Engaewa walpolea]]* Horwitz & Adams, 2000  
********** *Slekt [[Euastacus]]* Clark, 1941 - Queensland, Australia
*********** *[[Euastacus armatus]]* (Von Martens, 1866) 
*********** *[[Euastacus australasiensis]]* (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837) 
*********** *[[Euastacus balanesis]]* Morgan, 1988 
*********** *[[Euastacus bidawalis]]* Morgan, 1986 
*********** *[[Euastacus bindal]]* Morgan, 1989 
*********** *[[Euastacus bispinosus]]* Clark, 1936 
*********** *[[Euastacus brachythorax]]* Riek, 1969 
*********** *[[Euastacus clarkae]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus claytoni]]* Riek, 1969 
*********** *[[Euastacus crassus]]* Riek, 1969 
*********** *[[Euastacus dalagarbe]]* Coughran, 2005 
*********** *[[Euastacus dangadi]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus diharawalus]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus diversus]]* Riek, 1969 
*********** *[[Euastacus eungella]]* Morgan, 1988 
*********** *[[Euastacus fleckeri]]* (Watson, 1953) 
*********** *[[Euastacus gamilaroi]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus girurmulayn]]* Coughran, 2005 
*********** *[[Euastacus gumar]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus guruhgi]]* Coughran, 2005 
*********** *[[Euastacus guwinus]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus hirsutus]]* (McCulloch, 1917) 
*********** *[[Euastacus hystricosus]]* Riek, 1951 
*********** *[[Euastacus jagabar]]* Coughran, 2005 
*********** *[[Euastacus jagara]]* Morgan, 1988 
*********** *[[Euastacus kershawi]]* Smith, 1912 
*********** *[[Euastacus maccai]]* McCormack & Coughran, 2008 
*********** *[[Euastacus maidae]]* (Riek, 1956) 
*********** *[[Euastacus mirangudjin]]* Coughran, 2002 
*********** *[[Euastacus monteithorum]]* Morgan, 1989 
*********** *[[Euastacus neodiversus]]* Riek, 1969 
*********** *[[Euastacus neohirsutus]]* Riek, 1956 
*********** *[[Euastacus pilosus]]* Coughran & Leckie, 2007 
*********** *[[Euastacus polysetosus]]* Riek, 1951 
*********** *[[Euastacus reductus]]* Riek, 1969 
*********** *[[Euastacus rieki]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus robertsi]]* Monroe, 1977 
*********** *[[Euastacus setosus]]* (Riek, 1956) 
*********** *[[Euastacus simplex]]* Riek, 1956 
*********** *[[Euastacus spinichelatus]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus spinifer]]* (Heller, 1865)
*********** *[[Euastacus sulcatus]]* Riek, 1951 
*********** *[[Euastacus suttoni]]* Clark, 1941 
*********** *[[Euastacus urospinosus]]* (Riek, 1956) 
*********** *[[Euastacus valentulus]]* Riek, 1951 
*********** *[[Euastacus wiowuru]]* Morgan, 1986 
*********** *[[Euastacus yanga]]* Morgan, 1997 
*********** *[[Euastacus yarraensis]]* (McCoy, 1888) 
*********** *[[Euastacus yigara]]* Short & Davie, 1993 
********** *Slekt [[Geocharax]]* 
*********** *[[Geocharax falcata]]*
*********** *[[Geocharax gracilis]]*
********** *Slekt [[Gramastacus]]* 
*********** *[[Gramastacus insolitus]]*
********** *Slekt [[Ombrastacoides]]* 
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides asperrimanus]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides brevirostris]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides decemdentatus]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides denisoni]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides dissitus]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides huonensis]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides ingressus]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides leptomerus]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides parvicaudatus]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides professorum]]*
*********** *[[Ombrastacoides pulcher]]*
********** *Slekt [[Paranephrops]]* White, 1842 - New Zealand
*********** *[[Paranephrops planifrons]]*  White, 1842 
*********** *[[Paranephrops zealandicus]]*  (White, 1847) 
********** *Slekt [[Parastacus]]* - New Zealand
*********** *[[Parastacus brasiliensis]]*
*********** *[[Parastacus defossus]]*
*********** *[[Parastacus laevigatus]]*
*********** *[[Parastacus nicoleti]]*
*********** *[[Parastacus pilimanus]]*
*********** *[[Parastacus pugnax]]*
*********** *[[Parastacus saffordi]]*
*********** *[[Parastacus varicosus]]* 
********** *Slekt [[Samastacus]]* - Chile
*********** *[[Samastacus araucanius]]* (Faxon, 1914)
*********** *[[Samastacus spinifrons]]* (Philippi, 1882)
********** *Slekt [[Spinastacoides]]* 
*********** *[[Spinastacoides catinipalmus]]*
*********** *[[Spinastacoides inermis]]*
*********** *[[Spinastacoides insignis]]*
********** *Slekt † [[Palaeoechinastacus]]*
*********** *† [[Palaeoechinastacus australianus]]*
********** *Slekt [[Tenuibranchiurus]]* Riek, 1951 - Queensland, Australia
*********** *[[Tenuibranchiurus glypticus]]* Riek, 1951
********** *Slekt [[Virilastacus]]*
*********** *[[Virilastacus araucanius]]*
*********** *[[Virilastacus jarai]]*
*********** *[[Virilastacus retamali]]*
*********** *[[Virilastacus rucapihuelensis]]*

## Referanser


## Eksterne lenker
* 
* Global Crayfish Resources - *The Carnegie Museum of Natural History* (eng). Besøkt 27. januar 2014.
* de Grave, Sammy, et. al., «A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans», i: *Raffles Bulletin of Zoology*. Suppl. 21, 2009, side 1–109