Avicularia

* Se tekst

***Avicularia*** er en slekt av middels store til store fugleedderkopper. De er trelevende og lever i regnskog og tropisk skog i Sør-Amerika. De fleste artene har relativt rette, kraftige bein og er sterkt hårete. I motsetning til mange andre sør-amerikanske grupper har de ikke neslehår på bakkroppen som forsvar. Slekten er typeslekten for hele familien fugleedderkopper.

Mange av artene er populære terrariedyr. Som andre slekter i underfamilien har de rosa tåspisser, og går ofte under navnet «pinktoe» i handelen.

### Arter
Hele underfamilien er under systematisk revidering. Som et ledd i dette har den store og artsrike slekten *Avicularia* blitt delt opp og mange av artsgruppene er samlet i egne slekter. Hvilke arter som sorterer under *Avicularia* og hvilke arter som hører til en av de nærstående slektene er under stadig endring. Denne oversikter er fra «World Spider Catalog», mars 2017:

**Avicularia**

**[[Avicularia avicularia]]* (Linnaeus, 1758) (nominalart) – Venezuela, Guyana, Surinam, Fransk Guyana, Trinidad og Tobago, Brasil, Peru, Bolivia
**[[Avicularia caei]]* Fukushima & Bertani, 2017 – Brasil
**[[Avicularia glauca]]* Simon, 1891 – Panama
**[[Avicularia hirschii]]* Bullmer, Thierer-Lutz & Schmidt, 2006 – Ecuador, Peru, Brasil
**[[Avicularia juruensis]]* Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brasil
**[[Avicularia lynnae]]* Fukushima & Bertani, 2017 – Peru, Ecuador
**[[Avicularia merianae]]* Fukushima & Bertani, 2017 – Peru
**[[Avicularia minatrix]]* Pocock, 1903 – Venezuela, Brasil
**[[Avicularia purpurea]]* Kirk, 1990 – Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
**[[Avicularia rufa]]* Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1945 – Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brasil
**[[Avicularia taunayi]]* (Mello-Leitão, 1920) – Brasil
**[[Avicularia variegata]]* F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1896 – Venezuela, Brasil

**Tidligere ''Avicularia''-arte**

Arter overført til andre slekter

**Avicularia affinis* (Nicolet, 1849) → *[[Euathlus affinis]]*
**Avicularia aymara* (Chamberlin, 1916) → *[[Thrixopelma aymara]]*
**Avicularia caesia* (C.L. Koch, 1842) → *[[Caribena laeta]]*
**Avicularia diversipes* (C.L. Koch, 1842) → *[[Ybyrapora diversipes]]*
**Avicularia dubia* → *[[Vitalius dubius]]*
**Avicularia duplex* → *[[Aphonopelma duplex]]*
**Avicularia embrithes* → *[[Brachypelma embrithes]]*
**Avicularia emilia* → *[[Brachypelma emilia]]*
**Avicularia epicureana* → *[[Brachypelma epicureanum]]*
**Avicularia gamba* Bertani & Fukushima, 2009 → *[[Ybyrapora gamba]]*
**Avicularia geotoma* → *[[Aphonopelma geotoma]]*
**Avicularia guyana* → *[[Eupalaestrus guyanus]]*
**Avicularia hageni* → *[[Aphonopelma hageni]]*
**Avicularia helluo* → *[[Aphonopelma helluo]]*
**Avicularia hespera* → *[[Aphonopelma hesperum]]*
**Avicularia hirsuta* (Pocock, 1901) → *[[Iridopelma hirsutum]]*
**Avicularia imperatrix* → *[[Plesiopelma imperatrix]]*
**Avicularia laeta* (C. L. Koch, 1842) → *[[Caribena laeta]]*
**Avicularia lanceolata* → *[[Aphonopelma lanceolatum]]*
**Avicularia latens* → *[[Aphonopelma latens]]*
**Avicularia magdalena* (Karsch, 1879) → *[[Hapalopus formosus]]*
**Avicularia marxi* → *[[Aphonopelma marxi]]*
**Avicularia mendozae* → *[[Grammostola mendozae]]*
**Avicularia mesomelas* → *[[Megaphobema mesomelas]]*
**Avicularia minax* (Thorell, 1894) → *[[Grammostola doeringi]]*
**Avicularia muritelaria* (Holmberg, 1876) → *[[Kukulcani ahibernalis]]* (Hentz, 1842) (*[[Filistatidae]]*)
**Avicularia myodes* → *[[Plesiopelma myodes]]*
**Avicularia obscura* → *[[Ami obscura]]*
**Avicularia pallida* → *[[Aphonopelma pallidum]]*
**Avicularia palmicola* (Mello-Leitão, 1945) → *[[Iridopelma hirsutum]]*
**Avicularia panamensis* → *[[Sericopelma panamense]]*
**Avicularia parva* → *[[Catumiri parvum]]*
**Avicularia parvior* → *[[Lasiodora parvior]]*
**Avicularia pulchra* (Mello-Leitão, 1933) and *Avicularia recifiensis* (Struchen & Brändle, 1996) → *[[Pachistopelma rufonigrum]]*
**Avicularia regina* (Chamberlin, 1917) → *[[Homoeomma strabo]]*
**Avicularia rustica* → *[[Aphonopelma rusticum]]*
**Avicularia rutilans* Ausserer, 1875 → *[[Caribena versicolor]]*
**Avicularia sabulosa* → *[[Brachypelma sabulosum]]*
**Avicularia saltator* (Pocock, 1903) → *[[Eupalaestrus weijenberghi]]*
**Avicularia seemanni* → *[[Aphonopelma seemani]]*
**Avicularia seladonia* → *[[Typhochlaena seladonia]]*
**Avicularia serrata* → *[[Aphonopelma serratum]]*
**Avicularia smithi* → *[[Brachypelma smithi]]*
**Avicularia sooretama* Bertani & Fukushima, 2009 → *[[Ybyrapora sooretama]]*
**Avicularia subvulpina* Strand, 1906 → *[[Grammostola subvulpina]]*
**Avicularia spinicrus* → *[[Citharacanthus spinicrus]]*
**Avicularia steindachneri* → *[[Aphonopelma steindachneri]]*
**Avicularia stoica* → *[[Aphonopelma stoicum]]*
**Avicularia tamaulipeca* → *[[Clavopelma tamaulipeca]]*
**Avicularia tripeppi* → *[[Nhandu tripeppi]]*
**Avicularia truncata* → *[[Aphonopelma truncatum]]*
**Avicularia vagans* → *[[Brachypelma vagans]]*
**Avicularia vellutina* → *[[Vitalius vellutinus]]*
**Avicularia versicolor* → *[[Caribena versicolor]]*
**Avicularia violacea* → *[[Tapinauchenius violaceus]]*
**Avicularia wacketi* → *[[Vitalius wacketi]]*
**Avicularia zorodes* → *[[Iridopelma zorodes]]*

**Nomina dubia**

Arter som er regnet som systematiske synonymer eller *[[Nomen dubium|nomina dubia]]*:

**Avicularia ancylochira* Mello-Leitão, 1923, synonym for *A.&nbsp;avicularia*
**Avicularia arabica* (Strand, 1908), *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia aurantiaca* Bauer, 1996, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia azuraklaasi* Tesmoingt, 1996, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia bicegoi* Mello-Leitão, 1923, synonym of *[[Avicularia variegata|A.&nbsp; variegata]]*
**Avicularia braunshauseni* Tesmoingt, 1999, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia cuminami* Mello-Leitão, 1930, synonym of *A.&nbsp;avicularia*
**Avicularia detrita* (C. L. Koch, 1842), *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia doleschalli* (Ausserer, 1871), *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia exilis* Strand, 1907, synonym of *A.&nbsp;avicularia*
**Avicularia fasciculata* Strand, 1907, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia geroldi* Tesmoingt, 1999, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia gracilis* (Keyserling, 1891) → *Ischnocolus gracilis*, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia hirsuta* (Ausserer, 1875), *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia holmbergi* Thorell, 1890, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia huriana* Tesmoingt, 1996, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia leporina* (C. L. Koch, 1841) → *Iridopelma leporina*, *nom. dub.*
**[[Avicularia metallica]]* Ausserer, 1875, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia nigrotaeniata* Mello-Leitão, 1940, synonym for *A.&nbsp;avicularia*
**Avicularia ochracea* (Perty, 1833), *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia plantaris* (C. L. Koch, 1842) → *Iridopelma plantaris*, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia rapax* (Ausserer, 1875), *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia soratae* Strand, 1907, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia surinamensis* Strand, 1907, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia ulrichea* Tesmoingt, 1996, *nom. dub.*
**Avicularia urticans* Schmidt, 1994, synonym for *[[Avicularia juruensis|A.&nbsp;juruensis]]*
**Avicularia velutina* Simon, 1889, synonym for *A.&nbsp;avicularia*
**Avicularia walckenaeri* (Perty, 1833), *nom. dub.*


File:Avicularia caei male ZK218.jpg|*[[Avicularia caei]]* hann
File:Avicularia hirschii female ZK186.jpg|*[[Avicularia hirschii]]* hunn
File:Avicularia juruensis male morphotype 2 ZK121.jpg|*[[Avicularia juruensis]]* hann
File:Avicularia lynnae male ZK209.jpg|*[[Avicularia lynnae]]* hann
File:Avicularia merianae female ZK199.jpg|*[[Avicularia merianae]]* hunn
File:Avicularia minatrix female ZK88.jpg|*[[Avicularia minatrix]]* hunn
File:Avicularia purpurea female northern form ZK168.jpg|*[[Avicularia purpurea]]* hunn
File:Avicularia rufa male ZK146.jpg|*[[Avicularia rufa]]* hann
File:Avicularia taunayi female ZK102.jpg|*[[Avicularia taunayi]]* hun
File:Avicularia variegata female morphotype 2 ZK74.jpg|*[[Avicularia variegata]]* hun


## Referanser


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