Astrildar

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**Astrildar** er ein biologisk familie *Estrildidae* av ca. 140 artar små sporvefuglar med leveområde i «den gamle verda» og Australia. Som burfuglar blir dei ofte kalla praktfinkar.

Dette er frøetande flokkfuglar, ofte kolonihekkande, med kort, kraftig, rett nebb. Artane har mest eins kroppsform, men skil seg mykje i farger og mønster i fjørdrakt. 

Alle astrildar byggjer store, nær kuleforma reir og legg mellom 5-10 kvite egg. Somme artar i slektene *[[Lagonosticta]]* og *Pytilia* er vertar for hekkeparasitterande artar av enkjefamilien, Viduidae.

Dei fleste artane i familien krev varmt, ofte tropisk klima, men en del artar har tilpassa seg eit noko kaldare klima sør i Australia.

Den minste arten er svarthovudastrild, *Nesocharis shelleyi* som måler berre 8,3&nbsp;cm, medan den lettaste arten er gråastrild, *Estrilda troglodytes* som veg 6&nbsp;gram. Den største arten er javaisfugl, *Padda oryzivora* som måler 17&nbsp;cm og veg 25&nbsp;g.

## Artar
Enkjer i rekkjefølgje etter Clementslista versjon 6.8 frå august 2013  med norske namn etter *Norske navn på verdens fugler*. 


**Slekt ''[[Nigrita]]***
* [[Gulpanneastrild]], *Nigrita luteifrons*, Pale-fronted Nigrita, <small>LC, Verreaux & Verreaux, 1851</small> 
* [[Gråkappeastrild]], *Nigrita canicapillus*, Gray-headed Nigrita, <small>LC, Strickland, 1841</small> 
* [[Kastanjeastrild]], *Nigrita bicolor*, Chestnut-breasted Nigrita, <small>LC, Hartlaub, 1844</small> 
* [[Kvitbrystastrild]], *Nigrita fusconotus*, White-breasted Nigrita, <small>LC, Fraser, 1843</small> 

*'Slekt *[[Parmoptila]]***
* [[Rustmaskeastrid]], ''Parmoptila woodhousei'', Woodhouse's Antpecker, <small>LC, Cassin, 1859</small> 
* [[Raudpanneastrild]], ''Parmoptila rubrifrons'', Red-fronted Antpecker, <small>NT, Sharpe & Ussher, 1872</small> 
* [[Raudbrystastrild]], ''Parmoptila jamesoni'', Jameson's Antpecker, <small>LC, Shelley, 1890</small> 

**Slekt *[[Nesocharis]]***
* [[Svarthovudastrild]], ''Nesocharis shelleyi'', Fernando Po Oliveback, <small>LC, Alexander, 1903</small> 
* [[Halsbandastrild]], ''Nesocharis ansorgei'', White-collared Oliveback, <small>LC, Hartert, 1899</small> 
* [[Meiseastrild]], ''Nesocharis capistrata'', Gray-headed Oliveback, <small>LC, Hartlaub, 1861</small> 

**Slekt *[[Coccopygia]]***
* [[Krattastrild]], ''Coccopygia melanotis'', Swee Waxbill
* [[Gulbukastrild]], ''Coccopygia quartinia'', Yellow-bellied Waxbill

**Slekt *[[Mandingoa]]***
* [[Grønastrild]], ''Mandingoa nitidula'', Green-backed Twinspot, <small>LC, Hartlaub, 1865</small> 

**Slekt *[[Cryptospiza]]***
* [[Edelastrild]], ''Cryptospiza shelleyi'', Shelley's Crimson-wing, <small>VU, Sharpe, 1902</small> 
* [[Blodflekkastrild]], ''Cryptospiza jacksoni'', Dusky Crimson-wing, <small>LC, Sharpe, 1902</small> 
* [[Bergastrild]], ''Cryptospiza salvadorii'', Abyssinian Crimson-wing, <small>LC, Reichenow, 1892</small> 
* [[Brilleastrild]], ''Cryptospiza reichenovii'', Red-faced Crimson-wing, <small>LC, Hartlaub, 1874</small> 

**Slekt *[[Estrilda]]***
* [[Raudhaleastrild]], ''Estrilda caerulescens'', Lavender Waxbill, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1817</small> 
* [[Svarthaleastrild]], ''Estrilda perreini'', Black-tailed Waxbill, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1817</small> 
* [[Oskepottastrild]], ''Estrilda thomensis'', Cinderella Waxbill, <small>NT, Sousa, 1888</small> 
* [[Sumpastrild]], ''Estrilda paludicola'', Fawn-breasted Waxbill, <small>LC, Heuglin, 1863</small> 
* [[Stråastrild]], ''Estrilda poliopareia'', Anambra Waxbill, <small>VU, Reichenow, 1902</small> 
* [[Oransjekinnastrild]], ''Estrilda melpoda'', Orange-cheeked Waxbill, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1817</small> 
* [[Yemenastrild]], ''Estrilda rufibarba'', Arabian Waxbill, <small>LC, Cabanis, 1851</small> 
* [[Raudgumpastrild]], ''Estrilda rhodopyga'', Crimson-rumped Waxbill, <small>LC, Sundevall, 1850</small> 
* [[Gråastrild]], ''Estrilda troglodytes'', Black-rumped Waxbill, <small>LC, Lichtenstein, 1823</small> 
* [[Vatreastrild]], ''Estrilda astrild'', Common Waxbill, <small>LC, Linné, 1758</small> 
* [[Lualabaastrild]], ''Estrilda nigriloris'', Black-faced Waxbill, <small>DD, Chapin, 1928</small> 
* [[Nonneastrild]], ''Estrilda nonnula'', Black-crowned Waxbill, <small>LC, Hartlaub, 1883</small> 
* [[Svarthetteastrild]], ''Estrilda atricapilla'', Black-headed Waxbill, <small>LC, Verreaux & Verreaux, 1851</small> 
* [[Kvitkinnastrild]], ''Estrilda kandti'', Kandt's Waxbill
* [[Alveastrild]], ''Estrilda erythronotos'', Black-cheeked Waxbill, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1817</small> 
* [[Savanneastrild]], ''Estrilda charmosyna'', Red-rumped Waxbill, <small>LC, Reichenow, 1881</small> 

**Slekt *[[Spermophaga]]***
* [[Raudbrynjeastrild]], ''Spermophaga poliogenys'', Grant's Bluebill, <small>LC, Ogilvie-Grant, 1906</small> 
* [[Blånebbastrild]], ''Spermophaga haematina'', Western Bluebill, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1805</small> 
* [[Raudhovudastrild]], ''Spermophaga ruficapilla'', Red-headed Bluebill, <small>LC, Shelley, 1888</small> 

**Slekt *[[Pyrenestes]]***
* [[Svartbukastrild]], ''Pyrenestes ostrinus'', Black-bellied Seedcracker, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1805</small> 
* [[Karminastrild]], ''Pyrenestes sanguineus'', Crimson Seedcracker, <small>LC, Swainson, 1837</small> 
* [[Umbraastrild]], ''Pyrenestes minor'', Lesser Seedcracker, <small>LC, Shelley, 1894</small> 

**Slekt *[[Uraeginthus]]***
* [[Blåastrild]], ''Uraeginthus angolensis'', Blue-breasted Cordonbleu, <small>LC, Linné, 1758</small> 
* [[Raudkinnastrild]], ''Uraeginthus bengalus'', Red-cheeked Cordonbleu, <small>LC, Linné, 1766</small> 
* [[Blåhovudastrild]], ''Uraeginthus cyanocephalus'', Blue-capped Cordonbleu, <small>LC, Richmond, 1897</small> 

**Slekt *[[Granatina]]***
* [[Purpurastrild]], ''Granatina ianthinogaster'', Purple Grenadier
* [[Granatastrild]], ''Granatina granatina'', Violet-eared Waxbill

**Slekt *[[Euschistospiza]]***
* [[Raudryggastrild]], ''Euschistospiza dybowskii'', Dybowski's Twinspot, <small>LC, Oustalet, 1892</small> 
* [[Sotastrild]], ''Euschistospiza cinereovinacea'', Dusky Twinspot, <small>LC, Sousa, 1889</small> 

**Slekt *[[Hypargos]]***
* [[Dropeastrild]], ''Hypargos niveoguttatus'', Peters's Twinspot, <small>LC, Peters, 1868</small> 
* [[Rosenastrild]], ''Hypargos margaritatus'', Pink-throated Twinspot, <small>LC, Strickland, 1844</small> 

**Slekt *[[Clytospiza]]***
* [[Knipling(s)   astrild]], ''Clytospiza monteiri'', Brown Twinspot, <small>LC, Hartlaub, 1860</small> 

**Slekt *[[Pytilia]]***
* [[Raudmaskeastrild]], ''Pytilia hypogrammica'', Red-faced Pytilia, <small>LC, Sharpe, 1870</small> 
* [[Auroraastrild]], ''Pytilia phoenicoptera'', Red-winged Pytilia, <small>LC, Swainson, 1837</small> 
* [[Stripeastrild]], ''Pytilia lineata'', Red-billed Pytilia
* [[Grønvengastrild]], ''Pytilia melba'', Green-winged Pytilia, <small>LC, Linné, 1758</small> 
* [[Oransjevengastrild]], ''Pytilia afra'', Orange-winged Pytilia, <small>LC, Gmelin, 1789</small> 

**Slekt *[[Lagonosticta]]*** elleve artar av amarantar

**Slekt *[[Amadina]]***
* [[Blodstrupeamadin]], ''Amadina fasciata'', Cut-throat, <small>LC, Gmelin, 1789</small> 
* [[Raudhovudamadin]], ''Amadina erythrocephala'', Red-headed Finch, <small>LC, Linné, 1758</small> 

**Slekt *[[Sporaeginthus]]***
* [[Gulbrystastrild]], ''Sporaeginthus subflavus'', Zebra Waxbill
* [[Gitterastrild]], ''Sporaeginthus formosus'', Green Avadavat

**Slekt *[[Amandava]]***
* [[Tigerastrild]], ''Amandava amandava'', Red Avadavat, <small>LC, Linné, 1758</small> 

**Slekt *[[Ortygospiza]]***
* [[Vaktelastrild]], ''Ortygospiza atricollis'', Black-faced Quailfinch, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1817</small> 
* [[Rikseastrild]], ''Ortygospiza gabonensis'', Red-billed Quailfinch
* [[Grasastrild]], ''Ortygospiza fuscocrissa'', African Quailfinch

**Slekt *[[Paludipasser]]***
* [[Grashoppeastrild]], ''Paludipasser locustella'', Locustfinch

**Slekt *[[Emblema]]***
* [[Mosaikkastrild]], ''Emblema pictum'', Painted Firetail, <small>LC, Gould, 1842</small> 

**Slekt *[[Stagonopleura]]***
* [[Bandittastrild]], ''Stagonopleura bella'', Beautiful Firetail, <small>LC, Latham, 1801</small> 
* [[Raudøyreastrild]], ''Stagonopleura oculata'', Red-eared Firetail, <small>LC, Quoy & Gaimard, 1830</small> 
* [[Diamantastrild]], ''Stagonopleura guttata'', Diamond Firetail, <small>LC, Shaw, 1796</small> 

**Slekt *[[Oreostruthus]]***
* [[Sjokoladeastrild]], ''Oreostruthus fuliginosus'', Mountain Firetail, <small>LC, De Vis, 1897</small> 

**Slekt *[[Neochmia]]***
* [[Raudbrynastrild]], ''Neochmia temporalis'', Red-browed Firetail, <small>LC, Latham, 1801</small> 
* [[Solastrild]], ''Neochmia phaeton'', Crimson Finch, <small>LC, Hombron & Jacquinot, 1841</small> 
* [[Sivastrild]], ''Neochmia ruficauda'', Star Finch, <small>LC, Gould, 1837</small> 
* [[Ceresastrild]], ''Neochmia modesta'', Plum-headed Finch, <small>LC, Gould, 1837</small> 

**Slekt *[[Taeniopygia]]***
* [[Sundaastrild]], ''Taeniopygia guttata'', Zebra Finch, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1817</small> 
* [[Ringastrild]], ''Taeniopygia bichenovii'', Double-barred Finch, <small>LC, Vigors & Horsfield, 1827</small> 

**Slekt *[[Poephila]]***
* [[Maskeastrild]], ''Poephila personata'', Masked Finch, <small>LC, Gould, 1842</small> 
* [[Spisshaleastrild]], ''Poephila acuticauda'', Long-tailed Finch, <small>LC, Gould, 1840</small> 
* [[Belteastrild]], ''Poephila cincta'', Black-throated Finch, <small>LC, Gould, 1837</small> 

**Slekt *[[Erythrura]]***
* [[Grønhaleamadin]], ''Erythrura hyperythra'', Tawny-breasted Parrotfinch, <small>LC, Reichenbach, 1863</small> 
* [[Nålhaleamadin]], ''Erythrura prasina'', Pin-tailed Parrotfinch, <small>LC, Sparrman, 1788</small> 
* [[Grønamadin]], ''Erythrura viridifacies'', Green-faced Parrotfinch, <small>VU, Hachisuka & Delacour, 1937</small> 
* [[Timoramadin]], ''Erythrura tricolor'', Tricolored Parrotfinch, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1817</small> 
* [[Trefargeamadin]], ''Erythrura trichroa'', Blue-faced Parrotfinch, <small>LC, Kittlitz, 1835</small> 
* [[Raudøyreamadin]], ''Erythrura coloria'', Red-eared Parrotfinch, <small>NT, Ripley & Rabor, 1961</small> 
* [[Papuaamadin]], ''Erythrura papuana'', Papuan Parrotfinch, <small>LC, Hartert, 1900</small> 
* [[Papegøyeamadin]], ''Erythrura psittacea'', Red-throated Parrotfinch, <small>LC, Gmeliin, 1789</small> 
* [[Fijiamadin]], ''Erythrura pealii'', Fiji Parrotfinch, <small>LC, Hartlaub, 1852</small> 
* [[Raudhetteamadin]], ''Erythrura cyaneovirens'', Red-headed Parrotfinch, <small>LC, Peale, 1848</small> 
* [[Kongeamadin]], ''Erythrura regia'', Royal Parrotfinch, <small>VU, Sclater, 1881</small> 
* [[Rosennebbamadin]], ''Erythrura kleinschmidti'', Pink-billed Parrotfinch, <small>VU, Finsch, 1878</small> 
* [[Gouldamadin]], ''Erythrura gouldiae'', Gouldian Finch, <small>NT, Gould, 1844</small> 

**Slekt *[[Odontospiza]]***
* [[Gråhovudsølvnebb]], ''Odontospiza griseicapilla'', Gray-headed Silverbill

**Slekt *[[Spermestes]]***
* [[Bronsemannikin]], ''Spermestes cucullatus'', Bronze Mannikin
* [[Svartryggmannikin]], ''Spermestes bicolor'', Black-and-white Mannikin
* [[Finkemannikin]], ''Spermestes fringilloides'', Magpie Mannikin

**Slekt *[[Euodice]]***
* [[Indiasølvnebb]], ''Euodice malabarica'', Indian Silverbill
* [[Savannesølvnebb]], ''Euodice cantans'', African Silverbill

**Slekt *[[Lonchura]]***
* [[Gassarmannikin]], ''Lonchura nana'', Madagascar Munia, <small>LC, Pucheran, 1845</small> 
* [[Kvitgumpnonne]], ''Lonchura striata'', White-rumped Munia, <small>LC, Linnaus, 1766</small> 
* [[Javanonne]], ''Lonchura leucogastroides'', Javan Munia, <small>LC, Horsfield & Moore, 1856</small> 
* [[Kolnonne]], ''Lonchura fuscans'', Dusky Munia, <small>LC, Cassin, 1852</small> 
* [[Molukknonne]], ''Lonchura molucca'', Black-faced Munia, <small>LC, Linné, 1766</small> 
* [[Masurnonne]], ''Lonchura kelaarti'', Black-throated Munia, <small>LC, Jerdon, 1863</small> 
* [[Muskatnonne]], ''Lonchura punctulata'', Nutmeg Mannikin, <small>LC, Linné, 1758</small> 
* [[Kvitbuknonne]], ''Lonchura leucogastra'', White-bellied Munia, <small>LC, Blyth, 1846</small> 
* [[Sørgjenonne]], ''Lonchura tristissima'', Streak-headed Munia, <small>LC, Wallace, 1865</small> 
* [[Svarthovudnonne]], ''Lonchura malacca'', Tricolored Munia, <small>LC, Linné, 1766</small> 
* [[Kastanjenonne]], ''Lonchura atricapilla'', Chestnut Munia, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1807</small> 
* [[Smekkenonne]], ''Lonchura ferruginosa'', White-capped Munia, <small>LC, Sparrman, 1789</small> 
* [[Brunhovudnonne]], ''Lonchura quinticolor'', Five-colored Munia, <small>LC, Vieillot, 1807</small> 
* [[Kvithovudnonne]], ''Lonchura maja'', White-headed Munia, <small>LC, Linné, 1766</small> 
* [[Bleiknonne]], ''Lonchura pallida'', Pale-headed Munia, <small>LC, Wallace, 1863</small> 
* [[Stornebbnonne]], ''Lonchura grandis'', Grand Munia, <small>LC, Sharpe, 1882</small> 
* [[Gråbeltenonne]], ''Lonchura vana'', Gray-banded Munia, <small>VU, Hartert, 1930</small> 
* [[Svartstrupenonne]], ''Lonchura nevermanni'', Gray-crowned Munia, <small>LC, Stresemann, 1924</small> 
* [[Hettenonne]], ''Lonchura spectabilis'', Hooded Munia, <small>LC, Sclater, 1879</small> 
* [[Gråhovudnonne]], ''Lonchura caniceps'', Gray-headed Munia, <small>LC, Salvadori, 1876</small> 
* [[Eldhalenonne]], ''Lonchura hunsteini'', Mottled Munia, <small>LC, Finsch, 1886</small> 
* [[Kanelnonne]], ''Lonchura forbesi'', New Ireland Munia, <small>LC, Sclater, 1879</small> 
* [[Sotnonne]], ''Lonchura nigerrima'', New Hanover Munia, <small>LC, Rothschild & Hartert, 1899</small> 
* [[Gyllennonne]], ''Lonchura flaviprymna'', Yellow-rumped Munia, <small>LC, Gould, 1845</small> 
* [[Sivnonne]], ''Lonchura castaneothorax'', Chestnut-breasted Munia, <small>LC, Gould, 1837</small> 
* [[Satengnonne]], ''Lonchura stygia'', Black Munia, <small>NT, Stresemann, 1924</small> 
* [[Svartbrystnonne]], ''Lonchura teerinki'', Black-breasted Munia, <small>LC, Rand, 1940</small> 
* [[Fjellnonne]], ''Lonchura montana'', Snow Mountain Munia, <small>LC, Junge, 1939</small> 
* [[Bergnonne]], ''Lonchura monticola'', Alpine Munia, <small>LC, De Vis, 1897</small> 
* [[Tjukknebbnonne]], ''Lonchura melaena'', Bismarck Munia, <small>LC, Sclater, 1880</small> 
* [[Javarisfugl]], ''Lonchura oryzivora'', Java Sparrow
* [[Timorrisfugl]], ''Lonchura fuscata'', Timor Sparrow

**Slekt *[[Heteromunia]]***
* [[Paljettnonne]], ''Heteromunia pectoralis'', Pictorella Munia, <small>LC, Gould, 1841</small> 

**Slekt *[[Vidua]]***
* [[Dominikanarenkje]], ''Vidua macroura'', Pin-tailed Whydah, <small>LC, Pallas, 1764</small> 
* [[Storhaleenkje]], ''Vidua orientalis'', Northern Paradise-Whydah
* [[Langhaleenkje]], ''Vidua interjecta'', Long-tailed Paradise-Whydah, <small>LC, Grote, 1922</small> 
* [[Drageenkje]], ''Vidua togoensis'', Togo Paradise-Whydah, <small>LC, Grote, 1923</small> 
* [[Breihaleenkje]], ''Vidua obtusa'', Broad-tailed Paradise-Whydah, <small>LC, Chapin, 1922</small> 
* [[Paradisenkje]], ''Vidua paradisaea'', Eastern Paradise-Whydah, <small>LC, Linné, 1758</small> 
* [[Stålenkje]], ''Vidua hypocherina'', Steel-blue Whydah, <small>LC, Verreaux & Verreaux, 1856</small> 
* [[Stråhaleenkje]], ''Vidua fischeri'', Straw-tailed Whydah, <small>LC, Reichenow, 1882</small> 
* [[Spydhaleenkje]], ''Vidua regia'', Shaft-tailed Whydah, <small>LC, Linné, 1766</small> 
* [[Landsbyenkje]], ''Vidua chalybeata'', Village Indigobird, <small>LC, Müller, 1776</small> 
* [[Savanneenkje]], ''Vidua wilsoni'', Pale-winged Indigobird, <small>LC, Hartert, 1901</small> 
* [[Nigeriaenkje]], ''Vidua nigeriae'', Quailfinch Indigobird, <small>LC, Alexander, 1908</small> 
* [[Josenkje]], ''Vidua maryae'', Jos Plateau Indigobird, <small>LC, Payne, 1982</small> 
* [[Grønglansenkje]], ''Vidua raricola'', Jambandu Indigobird, <small>LC, Payne, 1982</small> 
* [[Hausaenkje]], ''Vidua larvaticola'', Baka Indigobird, <small>LC, Payne, 1982</small> 
* [[Guineaenke]], ''Vidua camerunensis'', Cameroon Indigobird, <small>LC, Grote, 1922</small> 
* [[Sørgjeenkje]], ''Vidua funerea'', Variable Indigobird, <small>LC, Tarragon, 1847</small> 
* [[Purpurglansenkje]], ''Vidua purpurascens'', Purple Indigobird, <small>LC, Reichenow, 1883</small> 
* [[Svartvengenkje]], ''Vidua codringtoni'', Green Indigobird, <small>LC, Neave, 1907</small> 

**Slekt *[[Anomalospiza]]**'
* [[Gaukvevar]], *Anomalospiza imberbis*, Parasitic Weaver, <small>LC, Cabanis, 1868</small> 
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== Kjelder ==
<div class="references-small">
* *Denne artikkelen bygger på «Astrilder» frå , den 22. august 2009''


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