Joseph Greenberg

**Joseph Harold Greenberg** () var ein framståande, men òg kontroversiell lingvist. Han er kjend både for arbeidet sitt innan språkfamilieinndeling og språkinndeling, og innan språktypologi. Joseph Greenberg vart fødd i Brooklyn i New York og var i mange år tilknytt Stanford University.

Joseph Greenberg er mest kjend for arbeidet sitt innan synkron lingvistikk og arbeidet med språkuniversal. Han føreslo òg fleire såkalla makrofamiliar, og prøvde å prova at mange språk som vanlegvis vert rekna for å høyra til ulike språkfamiliar, er i slekt med kvarandre.

## Valde verk
*1949. «Studies in African linguistic classification: I. Introduction, Niger-Congo family.» *Southwestern Journal of Anthropology* 5, 79-100.
*1950. «Studies in African linguistic classification: IV. Hamito-Semitic.»  *Southwestern Journal of Anthropology* 6, 47-63.
*1954. «Studies in African linguistic classification VIII. Further remarks on method; revisions and corrections.» *Southwestern Journal of Anthropology* 10, 405-15.
*1955. *Studies in African Linguistic Classification.* New Haven: Compass Publishing Company.
*1957. *Essays in Linguistics*. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
*1963 (red.). *Universals of Language.* Cambridge: MIT Press. 
*1963. «Some universals of grammar with particular reference to the order of meaningful elements.»  I *Universals of Language*, pp. 73–113. Cambridge: MIT Press. 
*1963. *The Languages of Africa*. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
*1970. «Some generalizations concerning glottalic consonants, especially implosives.» *International Journal of American Linguistics* 36, 123-145.
*1971. «The Indo-Pacific hypothesis.» I Thomas A. Sebeok et al. (redaktører), *Current Trends in Linguistics, Volume 8: Linguistics in Oceania*, 807-871. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter.
*1978 (red.). *Universals of Human Language, Volume 1: Method and Theory.* Stanford: Stanford University Press.
*1978 (red.). *Universals of Human Language, Volume 2: Phonology.* Stanford: Stanford University Press.
*1978 (red.). *Universals of Human Language, Volume 3: Word Structure.* Stanford: Stanford University Press.
*1978 (red.). *Universals of Human Language, Volume 4: Syntax.* Stanford: Stanford University Press.
*1983. «Some areal characteristics of African languages.» I *Current Approaches to African Linguistics, Volume 1*, redigert av Ivan R. Dihoff, 3-21. Dordrecht: Foris.
*1987. *Language in the Americas*. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
*1989. [«Classification of American Indian languages: a reply to Campbell.»](http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0097-8507(198903)65%3A1%3C107%3ACOAILA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-U) *Language* 65.1, 107-114. 
*1993. [«Observations concerning Ringe's 'Calculating the factor of chance in language comparison'.»](http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0003-049X(199303)137%3A1%3C79%3AOCR%22TF%3E2.0.CO%3B2-C) *Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society* 137.1, 79-90. 
*2000. *Indo-European and Its Closest Relatives: The Eurasiatic Language Family, Volume 1: Grammar*. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
*2002. *Indo-European and Its Closest Relatives: The Eurasiatic Language Family, Volume 2: Lexicon*. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
*2005. *Genetic Linguistics: Essays on Theory and Method*, redigert av William Croft. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

## Bakgrunnsstoff
* «What we all spoke when the world was young»  *New York Times* (1. februar 2000)
* Fra ''Stanford Report''
* Memorial Resolution
* «Joseph Harold Greenberg» av William Croft (HTML-versjon)
* «Complete bibliography of the publications of Joseph H. Greenberg»  av William Croft