Hernán Cortés

In  **Hernan Cortes Monroy Pizarro Altamirano**, **tecpilli itech in Teotlalli itech Oaxaca** (tlacatqui ipan Medellin, Tlahtohcayotl itech Castilla, inic 1485 - micqui ipan Castilleja de la Cuesta, Tlahtohcayotl itech Castilla, inic 2 inic tonecallotian inic 1547) yehhuatl catca ce tlalpoloani españatlacatl, in ipan  itzin in mahcuilpoalxiuhtiliztli XVI  teyacancatic ipan in ohtocaliztli in peuh in tlalpololiztli itech  Mexihco ihuan in itzonquizaliz in tlacateuccan mexihcatl, inic quitlalih itzintlan ihuelitiliz in Tlahtohcayotl itech Castilla in tenehualoc Yancuic España.

Tlacat ipan in altepetl Medellin, ipan in tlalli españayotl Extremadura, ipan in iteihiocuitiliz in ce cencalli ica ahmo ixquich calpampilotl. Quicentlalih quitemoz tlaciuhcayotl ipan in Yancuic Cemanahuatl inic ohtoca in ompa  La Española ihuan Cuba, in canon ipampa ce nalquizani xeliuhcayotl itech cahuitl yehhuatl catca topileh itech inic ome altepetl tlanelhuayotilli intechpa in españatlacah ipan inon apantlalli. Inic 1519 tenehualoc teachcauh itech inic yei ohtocaliztli in ompa tlalli tepitztic, in tlein quipahtiotih ahmo cenquizca. Iahtetlazohtlaliz ica in tecuexanoani itech Cuba, Diego Velazquez itech Cuellar, ipan quichiuh in itlaxitiniliz in ohtocaliztli ipan in tlaquizcayotl cahuitl, ce nahuatilli in Cortes quicentopeuh.

Inic ahcito in ompa hueyitlalli, Cortes quineltilih ce mahcehualtilizoh tlaihmatiliztli in quimmoicniuhtiz in tlamanalhuiltin necentlaliliztin tlalquixtianimeh inic quipoloz in oc cequintin. Yequeneh quimoyecoltih ce cihuatl tlalquixtiani, in cihuapilli Marina (in Malintzin), in quitlayecoltih in iuh tlahtolmelahuani ihuan in aquin itloc quimixihuitih ce tepilzin. In ihcoac in tecuexanoani itech Cuba quintitlan titlantin inic quimomaltiz in Cortes, in yehhuatl quimixcuah ihuan quimpoloh, in oquic quihcuiloh in teyaochiuhcayotl in yaya inic quicuauhtzacuaz in iuh tepalehuiliztli ipan iohtocaliz. Cortes quihualih ixachi amatlahcuilolli in tlahtoani Carlos I ipal ca huelittoni imahcehualtiliz itech tlalpololiztli achto ca tzacuiltiloz   ipampa inecomoniliz. Iccen macoc in tepantlazaliztli inic Tecpilli itech Teotlalli itech Oaxaca, mahcihui in tlapanahuia in ic tenyoh tepantlazaliztli inic Tlahtohcateixiptla macoc ce pilli ica hueyi ipan huetziliztli, Antonio de Mendoza ihuan Pacheco. Inic 1541, Cortes mocuep in ompa España, in canon omic chicuace xihuit zatepan, inic quihuilana iyollohtonehualiz.

## Tlacatiliztli ihuan telpochyotl

Yehhuatl catca in zan ce inconeuh in tecpampilli extremaduratlacatl, tlatocayotilli Martin Cortes Monroy ihuan in Catalina Pizarro Altamirano. Hernan Cortes huehcapa yehhuatl yeya icotonca in Francisco Pizarro, in zatepan tlalpoloh itech in  tlacateuccan incayotl. Iuhqui occequintin tecpampiltin, itahtzin quiuh ica mahtlactli on nahui xihuitl in quimomachtiz tenahuatilli  ipan Salamanca, altepetl in quicauh ome xihuitl zatepan, neihcuanilli ipampa ineixpetzoliz  itech ohtlatocaliztli. Inin nemachtiliztli tenemachitiani ihuan in machiliztli tehuelnemitiani itech lin tenahuatilli in tlaixahxicaittlac ipan inemachtiliz itloc ce tlamachiyoanani ipan Valladolid oquitopeuh in  tlahtlaquetzalli in itech Cortes quimomachtih ltenahuatilli ipan in  Hueyitlamachtilcalli itech Salamanca. Zatepan cequih neyehyecoliztli tlanenchiuhtli, centlapal, inic macalaquiz in ompa Las Indias, ihuan, oc centlapal, inic tlaicneliz ipan in iohtocaliz in Gonzalo Fernandez itech Cordoba ipan Italia, iccen, ipan in xopantlah inic 1504, acalco ehuac in ompa in apantlalli  La Española, in canon mocallotih in iuh milleh ihuan tlacepanyecoltiani analco tlallotl. Tel, monec in mocuepaz in ompa España, yehica inic 29 inic [Mētztli (cāhuitl)|tochihchinahuian] inic 1506 itahtzin quipahtiotih in pahtiotl itech itlacalaquil in ompa Santo Domingo ipan in nao San Juan Bautista, iaxca in Luis Fernandez Alfaro.

## Nemanepanoliztli ihuan tetech quizaliztli

Hernan Cortes momanepanoh oppa ihuan quintlacatiliz mahtlactli once ipilhuan tlaneltililtin ipan chicuace teahciliztli centlamanquizqui. In inic ce icihuauh, in cihuapilli Catalina Juarez Marcaida, mic zatepan macuilli xihuitl itech nemanepanoliztli tetzicatl inic ce inic totlanacayotiayan inic 1522, ipan ichtacayoh tlachihualiztli. Yeheppa ihuan inoc inin nemanepanoliztli, Cortes quimotlacatilih mahcuilli ipilhuan ahmo nemanepanolizotl:

* In *Catalina Pizarro*, tlacatqui inic 1514 nozo inic 1515 ipan Santiago itech Cuba, ahnozo quintepan ipan in Yancuic España. In inantzin yehhuatl catca Leonor Pizarro, hueliyoh ihuilteca in Cortes. Nelihtoloc intloc iteiccahuan Martin ihuan Luis ipan ce itetlacoliliz hueyiteopixcayotl in Clemente VII inic 1529.
* In Martin Cortes (in Chictlapanqui), tlacatqui ipan Coyohuahcan inic 1522. In inantzin yehhuatl catca in Malintzin, in itetlancatcauh ihuan itlatlahtolcuepcauh tlalquixtiani in Cortes. Nelihtoloc intloc in iteiccahuan Catalina ihuan Luis ipan ce itetlacoliliz hueyiteopixcayotl in Clemente VII inic 1529.
* In *Luis Cortes* —tlacatqui inic 1525—  yehhuatl ipiltzin in españatlacatl Antonia nozo Elvira Hermosillo, ihuan in noihuan nelihtoloz  intloc Martin ihuan Catalina. Momanepanoh itloc in cihuapilli Guiomar Vazquez itech Escobar, imach in tlalpoloani Bernardino Vazquez itech Tapia.
* In ''Leonor Cortes ihuan Moctezuma'', tlacatqui inic 1528 in Altepetl Mexihco. Yehhuatl yeya icihuaconeuhtzin in Tecuichpo nozo Ichcaxochitl, in cuaatequiloni ica in tocatzintli cihuapilli Isabel itech Moctezuma, no ihuih, icihuaconeuhtzin in Moctezuma II. Tlacualancaittalli itechpa inantzin niman in tlacatiliztli, yehhuatl catca itahtzin in quixihmachtilih zatepan. Momanepanoh itloc in euskaditlacatl Juan itech Tolosa, tlalpoloani itech Zacatecas.
* *Maria Cortes*, icihuaconeuhtzin in ce tlahtocacihuapilli mexihcatl in itocatzin ahmo macho. Bernal Díaz del Castillo quitenehua in tlacat ica cequih tlacanextiliztli.

Inic tohuemmanayan inic  1528 Cortes onahcic inic ome nemanepanoliztli itloc in cihuapilli Juana Ramirez itech Arellano itech Zuñiga, icihuaconeuhtzin in ololiuhqui itech Aguilar ihuan imachtzin in  Teahuayoh itech Bejar. In cihuapilli Juana mocallotih ipan in caltzacualli itech Cuauhnahuac, inic nemi ipan in tecpanchantli calchiuhtli inic 1526. Itech inin nemanepanoliztli tlacatqueh chicuace tepilhuan:

* Luis Cortes ihuan Ramirez itech Arellano, tlacatqui ipan Texoco inic 1530 ihuan micqui achi zatepan in tlacatiz.
* Catalina Cortes itech Zuñiga, tlacatqui ipan Cuauhnahuac inic 1531 ihuan micqui achi zatepan in tlacatiz.
* Martin Cortes ihuan Ramirez itech Arellano, tlacatqui ipan Cuauhnahuac inic 1532. Itetoquilihcauh in itahztin in iuh tecpilli itech in Teotlalli itech Oaxaca.
* Maria Cortes itech Zuñiga, tlacatqui ipan Cuauhnahuac itzalan inic  1533 ihuan inic1536. Itahtzin oquinecuiloaya inemanepanoliz itloc Alvar Perez Osorio, ipiltzin in tecpilli itech Astorga, tel, in yehhuantin quixitinihqueh iccen, inic ipan quichihua ce teihzahuih nezomaliztli in Cortes, in itech no mopihpiqui ipan oquichiuh in cohcoliztli in itech miqui. Zatepan Maria momanepanoh itloc Luis itech Quiñones, inic mahcuilli ololiuhqui itech Metztli.
* Catalina Cortes itech Zuñiga, tlacatqui ipan Cuauhnahuac itzalan inic 1533 ihuan inic 1536. Micqui in ahmo tenamic ipan Sevilla zatepan in miquiz itahtzin.
* Juana Cortes itech Zuñiga, tlacatqui ipan Cuauhnahuac itzalan inic 1533 ihuan inic 1536. Monepanoh inic 1564 itloc in pilli Fernando Enriquez itech Ribera, inic ome teahuayoh itech Alcala.

## Machiztli teyaochiuhcayotl
### Cuba

Inic 1511 tlacnelih ipan in ohtocaliztli itech tlalpololiztli itech Cuba tlaachcauhtilli  itechpa in tecuexanoani Diego itech Velazquez, in aquitechpa quimcelih milli ihuan tlacohtin ipan in apantlalli. Onahcic tenehualoz topileh itech Santiago itech Cuba, mahcihui zatepan cuauhtzacualoc itechpa in tecuexanoani, tlateilhuilli in tetlapiquiz ihuic in yehhuatl. Tlamaquixtilli, momanepanoh itloc in ihuehpoltzin in inohmah Diego Velazquez, in itoca Catalina Juárez.

Ipan itzonquizaliz inic 1518 Velazquez itech quicauh in tepacholiztli itech inic yei, zatepan in Francisco Hernandez itech Cordoba ihuan Juan itech Grijalva, inic quicentocaz itlanextiliz ipan in hueyi atentli itech Yucatan. Yeceh Velazquez ihciuhca itech chicotlamah.

Quipohua Bernal Diaz itech Neyaotiloyan, tlachihuani itech *[[Nemilizotl nelli itech in tlalpololiztli itech in Yancuic España]]*, in ce itexohxolotihcauh in Velazquez, tlatenehualli *Cervantes in cuacohcoxqui*, quilhuih in aquin iteyacancauh, texohxoloticateuh: «inic inetlamachtil in noteyacancauh Diego, Diego, ¿catlehhuatl tiachcauhtli oticpepenalo? Ca yehhuatl  tiachcauhtli nequiztic itech Medellin itech Extremadura. Cencah ninomauhtia, Diego, huel mohuic necomonia ica in acalcentlamantli, ca niquitta ipampa cencah nequiztic oquichtli ipan itlatqui».

Hernan Cortes quicentocaya, tel, ica in itlachihchihualiz in ohtocaliztli, ihuan ipampa in nequiztic itecealtiliz, cualtihuani itech in teyollohtiliztli ihuan itech huetztinemiliztli, ihciuhca mahcehuac quihcuiloz oc ye  600 tlacah ipal  itlatequipanoliz.

### In tlalpololiztli itech Tlacateuccan mexihcayotl

Inic quipanahuia in quitlazani Diego Velazquez, in iacalyaochihchihual in Cortes ehuac hueciniliztica in oncan in acaltecoyan itech Santiago itech Cuba inic 18 inic totlanacayotiayan inic 1518. In iuh yaya ahyecauhqui itech tetlaaxcatiliztli, itech monec in motlamachiliz itech inin ipan in acaltecoyan itech Trinidad ihuan ocequi yelohuayan.

Iccen, inic 10 inic tohuetzian inic  1519, in acalcentlamantli quicauh in hueyatentli itech Cuba. Monelhuayotiaya yehhuatl on  in acalcentlamantli ipan 11 acalli, ica 518 yaoquizqueh, 16 ipan yetianimeh, 13 matlequihquizoanimeh, 32 tlatilinianimeh, 110 atlacah ihuan cequih 200 tlalquixtianimeh ihuan tliliuhqueh in iuh tepalehuianimeh itech in teyaochiuhcayotl. Quihuicayah 32 cahuallomeh, 10 tlequihquiztli ica coztepoztli ihuan nahui tlohtlequihzquiztli. In iuh teachcauhtin yayah Alonso Hernandez Portocarrero (yehhuatl in aquin quitemacazquia zatepan in cihuatl tlalquixtiani cihuapilli Marina), Alonso Davila, Diego itech Ordas, Francisco itech Montejo, Francisco itech Morla, Francisco itech Saucedo, Juan itech Escalante, Juan Velázquez itech Leon (icotonca in tecuexanoani), Cristobal itech Olid, Gonzalo itech Sandoval ihuan Pedro itech Alvarado. Miyaquintin yeyah tlaixmatinimeh itech in yaoyotl itech Italia. In iuh tachacauh acallachiani yaya Anton itech Alaminos ica tlaixmatiliztli ipan in ome achto  iohtocaliz in Francisco Hernandez itech Cordoba ihuan Juan itech Grijalva.

#### Ic ce tetech pachihuiliztli  intloc in chanehqueh

In ic ce tetech pachihuiliztli itloc in cemanahuatl mesoamericayotl quineltilih ipan in apantlalli itech Cozumel, ce ittitiloni acaltecoyan acallotl ihuan xomolli teoyoh mayayotl in itech pachihuiaya  huelitiliztli itech Ecab, ihuan in canon  itech catca in neteochihualoyan itech huetzqui in Ixchel, cihuateotl   itech in  nepilhuahtilizotl. In españatlacah ahcitoh inoc in Cahuitl Zatepanhuehcauhqui itech in Tlamatiliztli mayayotl achi zatepan in huetziliztli itech  Mayapan inic 1480, in quihuicac in tlaxehxeloliztli itech in tlalliipitzahuayan itech Yucatan ipan 16 tepiton tenapalohcayotl, cehceccan ica inohmah tenapaloani tlatenehualli *[[Halach Uinik|halach uinik]]*, ihuan ipan cemanqui netech tecualancanamiquiliztli.

Niman ye ic ixpan yaz in *[[batab]]* (tenapaloani yeloacayotl itech in altepetl) Cortes quitlahtlauhtih in quicahuanih inyolpachihuitiz ihuan quicuinih in netecpicholiztli inic quihualia in ioquichhuan inic quixitiniz in tetehteoh teoyohqueh mayayomeh ihuan quitlaliz temazoaya ihuan iixiptla in  Carlos I tlahcuilolli inic 1603 iuh quipohua in zanachitonca :

:  Momauhtihqueh in apantlallacah in quittaz yehhuatl on in acalcentlamantli ihuan in ompa calacqueh in tepetl, inic quicahua tlaxiccahualli inchan ihuan immil. In ompa calacqueh in cemeh españatlacah ihtec in tlalli ihuan quittaqueh nahui cihuah intloc eyi tlachihualtin ihuan quimitquiqueh iixpan Cortes, ihuan ica imixyohyomoctiliz in tlalquixtianimeh in itloc quihuicaya, quixtlamatilih ca ce in cihuah yehhuatl yeya in cihuapilli itech inon tlalli ihuan innatzin in cohconeh. Quichiuh Cortes cualli tecpiltihcayotl, ihuan yehhuatl in cihuatl quihuallauhtih ompa in ioquich, in quitenahuatih quimmacaz in españatlacah cualli teceliloyan ihuaz cencah quinnemactiz. Auh ihcoac quittac Cortes ca ye itech catcah tlacneliltin ihuan pahpaquinimeh, peuh inic quineltoquitiz in teomatiliztli itech Cristo. quinahuatih in tetlahtolmachtiani in quihuicaya, ca quimilhuiani ca quinequia quimmacaz occe oc cencah ipani Teuctli in yehhuatl in aquin quipiyayah. Quintlahtlauhtilih ca quimoteotiani in Temazoa ihuan ce iixiptla in Tocihuapiltzin, ihuan quitelhuihqueh ca quinpactiaya. In ompa quinhuicac inteocal ihuan quimpoztequilih in tetehteoh ihuan oncan quitlalih temazoa ihuan iixiptla in Tocihuapiltzin, in tlein ixquich quicelihquen in tlalquixtianimeh in iuh cualli. Inic itech cah ompa Cortes ayic tehuemman, in tlein »quimonemiliztiayah quichihuaz cehcemilhuitl.

::::::::::::::::::::: *Nemilizotl itech in  iyoliliz ihuan itlachiuh in Tlacateuctli Carlos V*, itechpa Prudencio itech Sandoval

Hernan Cortes quimoyecoltiaya in iuh tlatlahtolcuepani ce telpochtli  mayatlacatl tlayaoantli ipan in Apantlalli Cihuah, in itoca ayac nemilizopoani itech Indias quiteneuh zan in aquin in españatlacah contetocayotiayah  «Melchorejo». Ica itepan tlahtoliz ixmachtilo in ionyeliz in cemeh oquichtin tentzonehqueh itech cuacueloloc ce tepachohcan mayayotl cenyani ihuan 
quintitlan titlantin inic quinhualtiliniz.

## Oc no xiquitta
* Jean-Paul Penin *Fernand Cortez* opera, Gaspare Spontini https://web.archive.org/web/20011104171132/http://www.multimania.com/fcortez
*

## Tlatenehualiztli


## Tlahtolcaquiliztiloni

Neneuhcāyōtl:Hueyac tlahcuilolli
Neneuhcāyōtl:Caxtiltecah