Lynn Margulis

**Lynn Margulis** (lahir **Lynn Petra Alexander**; 5 Mac 1938&nbsp;– 22 November 2011) merupakan pakar biologi dan teori, pengarang sains, pendidik, dan pelopor sains Amerika Syarikat, dan merupakan penyokong utama moden untuk kepentingan simbiosis dalam evolusi. Ahli sejarah Jan Sapp telah berkata bahawa "Nama Lynn Margulis adalah sama dengan simbiosis kerana nama Charles Darwin ialah dengan evolusi." Khususnya, Margulis mengubah dan memahami dasar semasa mengenai evolusi sel dengan nukleus-peristiwa Ernst Mayr memanggil "mungkin peristiwa yang paling penting dan dramatik dalam sejarah kehidupan" – dengan mencadangkan ia adalah hasil daripada penggabungan bakteria simbiotik. Margulis juga merupakan pengasas bersama hipotesis Gaia bersama ahli kimia British James Lovelock, mencadangkan bahawa Bumi berfungsi sebagai satu sistem pengawalan kendiri tunggal, dan merupakan pembela utama dari lima klasifikasi kerajaan Robert Whittaker.

## Anugerah dan penghargaan
*Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1975.
*Guggenheim Fellowship in 1978.
*Elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1983.
*Guest Hagey Lecturer, University of Waterloo, 1985
*Miescher-Ishida Prize in 1986.
*1989, conferred the Commandeur de l’Ordre des Palmes Académiques de France.
*Has her papers permanently archived in the Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
*1992, recipient of Chancellor's Medal for Distinguished Faculty of the University of Massachusetts at Amherst.
*1995, elected Fellow of the World Academy of Art and Science.
*1997, elected to the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences.
*1998, recipient of the Distinguished Service Award of the American Institute of Biological Sciences.
*1998, elected Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
*1999, recipient of the William Procter Prize for Scientific Achievement.
*1999, recipient of the National Medal of Science, awarded by President William J. Clinton.
*2002–05, Alexander von Humboldt Prize.
*2005, elected President of Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society.
*Profiled in *Visionaries: The 20th Century's 100 Most Important Inspirational Leaders*, published in 2007.
*Founded Sciencewriters Books in 2006 with her son Dorion.
* Was one of thirteen recipients in 2008 of the Darwin-Wallace Medal, heretofore bestowed every 50 years, by the Linnean Society of London.
*2009, speaker at the Biological Evolution Facts and Theories Conference, held at the Pontifical Gregorian University, Rome aimed at promoting dialogue between evolutionary biology and Christianity.
*2010, inductee into the Leonardo da Vinci Society of Thinking at the University of Advancing Technology in Tempe, Arizona.
*2010, NASA Public Service Award for Astrobiology.
*2012, Lynn Margulis Symposium: Celebrating a Life in Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, March 23–25, 2012
*Honorary doctorate from 15 universities.

## Karya

### Buku

* Margulis, Lynn (1970). *Origin of Eukaryotic Cells*, Yale University Press, 
* Margulis, Lynn (1982). *Early Life*, Science Books International,  
* Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1986). *Origins of Sex : Three Billion Years of Genetic Recombination*, Yale University Press,  
* Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1987). *Microcosmos: Four Billion Years of Evolution from Our Microbial Ancestors*, HarperCollins, 
* Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1991). *Mystery Dance: On the Evolution of Human Sexuality*, Summit Books, 
* Margulis, Lynn, ed. (1991). *Symbiosis as a Source of Evolutionary Innovation: Speciation and Morphogenesis*, The MIT Press,  
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* Margulis, Lynn (1992). *Symbiosis in Cell Evolution: Microbial Communities in the Archean and Proterozoic Eons*, W.H. Freeman,  
* Sagan, Dorion, and Margulis, Lynn (1993). *The Garden of Microbial Delights: A Practical Guide to the Subvisible World*, Kendall/Hunt,  
* Margulis, Lynn, Dorion Sagan and Niles Eldredge (1995) ''What Is Life?'', Simon and Schuster, 
* Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1997). *Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia, Symbiosis, and Evolution*, Copernicus Books, 
* Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1997). *What Is Sex?*, Simon and Schuster,  
* Margulis, Lynn, and Karlene V. Schwartz (1997). *Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth*, W.H. Freeman & Company,  
* Margulis, Lynn (1998). *Symbiotic Planet : A New Look at Evolution*, Basic Books,  
* Margulis, Lynn, *et al.* (2002). *The Ice Chronicles: The Quest to Understand Global Climate Change*, University of New Hampshire,  
* Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (2002). *Acquiring Genomes: A Theory of the Origins of Species*, Perseus Books Group,  
* Margulis, Lynn (2007). *Luminous Fish: Tales of Science and Love*, Sciencewriters Books,  
* Margulis, Lynn, and Eduardo Punset, eds. (2007). *Mind, Life and Universe: Conversations with Great Scientists of Our Time*, Sciencewriters Books,  
* Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (2007). *Dazzle Gradually: Reflections on the Nature of Nature*, Sciencewriters Books,  
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