Joan Sutherland

**Joan Sutherland** DBE, (7 November 1926 – 10 Oktober 2010) ialah seorang penyanyi soprano koloratura dari Australia yang terkenal dengan teknik nyanyian bel kanto dari 1950-an hingga 1970-an.

Beliau dijulang sebagai *La Stupenda* selepas melakonkan opera *[[Alcina]]* yang dipersembahkan di Teatro la Fenice pada tahun 1960. Rakannya Luciano Pavarotti pernah memanggil Sutherland sebagai "Suara Abad Ini", manakala Montserrat Caballé memerikan suara beliau sebagai seperti "syurga". Not tertinggi beliau ialah 'F-sharp' tinggi dalam *[[altissimo]]*.

## Masa muda dan karier awal

Joan Sutherland dilahirkan di Sydney. Ibu beliau adalah seorang penyanyi mezzo-soprano yang terpaksa mengorbankan karier beliau untuk keluarganya. Sutherland banyak belajar muzik dan nyanyian dari ibunya. Beliau dihantar bersekolah di St Catherine School di Sydney, sebuah sekolah perempuan Anglican yang tertua di Sydney. Ketika berusia 18 tahun, beliau memulakan kursus nyanyian secara intensif. 

Pada tahun 1950, Sutherland memenangi biasiswa muzik Australia dan dihantar ke London untuk memulakan pengajian opera di Royal College of Music. Pada tahun 1951, beliau menyanyi dalam beberapa persembahan penggubah Eugène Goossens yang berjudul *Judith*.

Sutherland membuat persembahan pertama beliau pada tahun 1952 sebagai Dido di dalam opera karya penggubah Henry Purcell yang berjudul *Dido and Aeneas*. 

Beliau membuat debut di Eropah sebagai First Lady untuk opera *Die Zauberflöte* di Royal Opera House, London, pada Oktober 28, 1952.

## Rakaman
Antara rakaman beliau termasuklah:

**Vincenzo Bellini**
* *Beatrice di Tenda* — Joan Sutherland (Beatrice), Luciano Pavarotti (Orombello), Cornelius Opthof (Filippo), Josephine Veasey (Agnese), Joseph Ward (Anichino/Rizzardo), Ambrosian Chorus, London Symphony Orchestra, Richard Bonynge - Decca
* *I Puritani* — Joan Sutherland (Elvira), Pierre Duval (Arturo), Renato Capecchi (Riccardo), Ezio Flagello (Giorgio), Giovanni Fioiani (Gualtiero), Margreta Elkins (Enrichetta), Piero de Palma (Bruno), Coro e Orchestra del Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, Richard Bonynge (konduktor). - Rakaman 1963 – Decca 448 969-2 / Decca 467 789-2 (part of a 10-CD set) / London POCL 3965-7
* *I Puritani* — Joan Sutherland (Elvira), Luciano Pavarotti (Arturo), Piero Cappuccill (Riccardo), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Giorgio), Giancarlo Luccardi (Gualtiero), Anita Caminada (Enrichetta), Renato Cazzaniga (Bruno), Chorus of the Royal Opera, Covent Garden, London Symphony Orchestra-Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1973-DECCA
* *La Sonnambula* — Joan Sutherland (Amina), Nicola Monti (Elvino), Fernando Corena (Rodolfo), Sylvia Stahlman (Lisa), Margreta Elkins (Teresa), Angelo Mercuriali (Notary), Giovanni Fioiani (Alessio), Coro e Orchestra del Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, Richard Bonynge Rakaman 1962 – Decca 00289 448 9662 6 / 000320702 / 455 823-2 — Senarai lagu 
* *La Sonnambula* — Joan Sutherland (Amina), Luciano Pavarotti (Elvino), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Rodolfo), Isobel Buchanan (Lisa), Della Jones (Teresa), Piero De Palma (Notaro), John Tomlinson (Alessio), National Philharmonic Orchestra, London Opera Chorus, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1980 –Decca
* *Norma * — Joan Sutherland (Norma), Marilyn Horne (Adalgisa), John Alexander (Pollione), Richard Cross (Oroveso), Yvonne Minton (Clotilde), Joseph Ward (Flavio), London Symphony Orchesta and Chorus, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1964 - DECCA
* *Norma * — Joan Sutherland (Norma), Margreta Elkins (Adalgisa), Ronald Stevens (Pollione), Clifford Grant (Oroveso), Etela Piha (Clotilde), Trevor Brown (Flavio), Opera Australia Chorus, Elizabethan Sydney Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1978 – DVD Arthaus Musik 100 180
* *Norma * — Joan Sutherland (Norma), Montserrat Caballé (Adalgisa), Luciano Pavarotti (Pollione), Samuel Ramey (Oroveso), Diana Montague (Clotilde), Kim Begley (Flavio), Chorus and Orchesta of the Welsh National Opera, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1984 - Decca

**[[Georges Bizet]]**
* **[[Carmen]]** — Regina Resnik (Carmen), Mario del Monaco (Don Jose), Joan Sutherland (Micaëla), Tom Krause (Escamillo), Georgette Spanellys (Frasquita), Yvonne Minton (Mercedes), Robert Geay (Zuninga), Jean Prudent (Le Dancaire), Alfred Hallet (Le Remendado), Claude Cales (Morales)

**Giovanni Bononcini**
* *Griselda* — Joan Sutherland (Griselda), Lauris Elms (Ernesto), Monica Sinclair (Gualtiero), Margreta Elkins (Almirena), Spiro Malas (Rambaldo), Ambrosian Chorus, London Philharmonic Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1967. Decca 448 977-2 

**Léo Delibes**
* *Lakmé* — Joan Sutherland (Lakmé), Gabriel Bacquier (Nilakantha), Jane Berbié (Malika), Émile Belcourt (Hadji), Alain Vanzo (Gérald), Monte Carlo Opera Chorus, Orchestre National de l'Opéra de Monte-Carlo, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1968, Decca Records.

**[[Gaetano Donizetti]]**
* *Emilia di Liverpool* / *Lucia di Lammermoor* — Joan Sutherland (Lucia), Margreta Elkins (Alisa), Joao Gibin (Edgardo), Tullio Serafin (konduktor). Rakaman 26 Februari 1959 – Myto Records MCD 91545 
* *Lucia di Lammermoor* — Joan Sutherland (Lucia), João Gibin (Edgardo), John Shaw (Enrico), Joseph Rouleau (Raimondo), Kenneth MacDonald (Arturo), Margreta Elkins (Alisa), Robert Bowman (Normanno), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, Tullio Serafin, Rakaman 1959 – Golden Melodram GM 50024 atau Giuseppe di Stefano GDS 21017 atau Bella Voce BLV 107 218 atau Royal Opera House Heritage Series ROHS 002.
* *Lucia di Lammermoor* — Joan Sutherland (Lucia), André Turp (Edgardo), John Shaw (Enrico), Joseph Rouleau (Raimondo), Kenneth MacDonald (Arturo), Margreta Elkins (Alisa), Edgar Evans (Normanno), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, John Pritchard, Rakaman 1961 - Celestial Audio CA 345
* *Lucrezia Borgia* — Joan Sutherland (Lucrezia Borgia), Ronald Stevens (Gennaro), Margreta Elkins (Maffio Orsini), Richard Allman (Don Alfonso), Robin Donald (Jacopo Liveretto), Lyndon Terracini (Don Apostolo Gazella), Gregory Yurisich (Ascanio Petrucci), Lamberto Furlan (Oloferno Vitellozzo), Pieter Van der Stolk (Gubetta), Graeme Ewer (Rustighello), John Germain (Astolfo), Neville Grave (Un servo), Eddie Wilden (Un coppiere), Jennifer Bermingham (Principessa Negroni), Australian Opera Chorus, Sydney Elizabethan Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1977. VHS Video Cassette - Castle Video CV2845 (PAL); Polygram-Vidéo 070 031-3 (SECAM) Polygram 079 261-3 (PAL)
* *Maria Stuarda* — Joan Sutherland (Maria), Huguette Tourangeau (Elisabeta), Luciano Pavarotti (Leicester), Roger Soyer (Talbot), Margreta Elkins (Anna), James Morris (Cecil), Coro del Teatro Comunale di Bologna, Orchestra del Teatro Comunale di Bologna, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1975 – Decca 00289 425 4102 / Lyrica LRC 1040/1041 — Senarai Lagu 

**Charles Gounod**
* *Faust* — Joan Sutherland (Marguerite), Franco Corelli (Faust), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Méphistophélès), Robert Massard (Valentin), Margreta Elkins (Siébel), Monica Sinclair (Marthe ), Raymond Myers (Wagner), Ambrosian Chorus and Highgate School Choir, London Symphony Orchestra, Richard Bonynge - (konduktor) – Decca 0289 4705632 4 (keluaran 2002) / 421 240-2 (keluaran 1991) / 467 059-2 / London POCL 3962-4 Senarai Lagu 

**[[George Frideric Handel]]**
* *Alcina* — Joan Sutherland (Alcina), Margreta Elkins (Ruggiero), Lauris Elms (Bradamante), Richard Greager (Oronte), Narelle Davidson (Morgana), Ann-Maree McDonald (Oberto), John Wegner (Melisso), Chorus and Orchestra of Australian Opera, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1983. Celestial Audio CA 112
* *Alcina* dan *Giulio Cesare* — Margreta Elkins (Giulio Cesare), Joan Sutherland (Cleopatra), Marilyn Horne (Cornelia), Monica Sinclair (Tolomeo), Richard Conrad (Sesto), New Symphonic Orchestra of London, Richard Bonynge – Decca 00289 433 7232 / 467063-2 / 467 067-2 — Senarai Lagu 
* *Rodelinda* – Alfred Hallett (Grimoaldo), Raimund Herincx (Garibaldo), Joan Sutherland (Rodelinda), Janet Baker (Eduige), Margreta Elkins (Bertarido), Patricia Kern (Unolfo), Chandos Singers, Philomusica Antiqua Orchestra, Charles Farncombe. Rakaman langsung pada 24 Jun 1959. – Opera D'oro OPD 1189 (2 CDs) atau Memories HR 4577-4578 atau Living Stage LS 403 35147.
* *Rodelinda* – Joan Sutherland (Rodelinda), Huguette Tourangeau (Bertarido), Eric Tappy (Grimoaldo), Margreta Elkins (Eduige), Cora Canne-Meijer (Unolfo), Pieter Van Den Berg (Garibaldo), Netherlands Chamber Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Rakaman 30 Jun 1973 – Bella Voce BLV 10 7206.

**[[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]**
* *Idomeneo* — Sergei Baigildin (Idomeneo), Margreta Elkins (Idamante), Henri Wilden (Arbace), Leona Mitchell (Ilia), Joan Sutherland (Elettra), Australian Opera Chorus, Sydney Elizabethan Orchestra, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman 1979. Gala GLH 826 dan Celestial Audio CA 060.
* *Don Giovanni* - Gottlob Frick (Commendatore), Luigi Alva (Don Ottavio), Graziella Sciutti (Zerlina), Joan Sutherland (Donna Anna), Piero Cappuccilli (Masetto), Elisabeth Schwarzkopf (Donna Elvira), Eberhard Wächter (Don Giovanni), Heinrich Schmidt, Giuseppe Taddei (Leporello), London Philharmonia Orchestra, Carlo Maria Giulini. Rakaman 1959 - EMI 0724356787353
* *Don Giovanni* - Gabriel Bacquier (Don Giovanni), Pilar Lorengar (Donna Elvira), Marilyn Horne (Zerlina), Joan Sutherland (Donna Anna), English Chamber Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Decca 448 973-2

**[[Giacomo Meyerbeer]]**
* *Les Huguenots* – Dominic Cossa (Nevers), Gabriel Bacquier (Saint-Bris), Nicolai Ghiuselev (Marcel), John Wakefield (Tavannes), Joseph Ward (Cossé), John Noble (Thoré), Glynne Thomas (Retz), John Gibbs (Meru), Clifford Grant (Maurevert), Janet Coster (Léonard), Kiri Te Kanawa (pembantu wanita 1), Josephte Clement (pembantu wanita 2), Arleen Auger (Gadis gipsi 1), Maureen Lehane (Gadis gipsi 2), Joan Sutherland (Marguerite de Valois), Martina Arroyo (Valentine), Huguette Tourangeau (Urbain), Anastasios Vrenios (Raoul de Nangis), Alan Opie (Sami 2), NPO, Bonynge. Decca 430 549-2, Rakaman pada 1969.

**Jacques Offenbach**
* *Les Contes d'Hoffmann* — Joan Sutherland, Plácido Domingo, Gabriel Bacquier, , L'Orchestre de la Suisse Romande,Orchestre du Radio de la Suisse Romande, Pro Arte de Lausanne, Andre Charlet, Richard Bonynge, Rakaman di Victoria Hall, Geneva, pada 1976.

**[[Giacomo Puccini]]**
* *[[Suor Angelica]]* — Joan Sutherland (Angelica), Christa Ludwig (La Zia Principessa), National Phiharmonic Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Decca 475 6531 
* *[[Turandot]]* — Joan Sutherland (Turandot), Luciano Pavarotti (Calaf), Montserrat Caballé (Liu), Nicolai Ghiaurov (Timur), Peter Pears (Maharaja), London Phiharmonic Orchestra, Zubin Mehta. Decca 414 274-2, Rakaman pada 1972.

**[[Gioachino Rossini]]**
* *Semiramide* — Joan Sutherland (Semiramide), John Serge (Idreno), Joseph Rouleau (Assur), Spiro Malas (Oroe), Patricia Clark (Azema), Leslie Fyson (Mitrane), Michael Langdon (Spectre of Nino), Marilyn Horne (Arsace), London Symphony Orchestra, Richard Bonynge. Decca 425 481-2, Rakaman pada 1966.

**Ambroise Thomas**
* *Hamlet* — Joan Sutherland, Gosta Winbergh, James Morris, Sheril Milnes, Orchestra and Chorus of the Welsh National Opera. Decca, 433 857-2.

**[[Giuseppe Verdi]]**
* *Requiem* — Joan Sutherland, Marilyn Horne, Luciano Pavarotti, Martti Talvela, Vienna State Opera Chorus and Vienna Philharmonic (Sir George Solti). Decca 411 944-2
* *[[La traviata]]* — Joan Sutherland, Luciano Pavarotti, Matteo Manuguerra, National Philharmonic Orchestra Richard Bonynge. London 430 491-2 Rakaman pada 1981.

## Rujukan


## Bacaan lanjut
* Norma Major *Joan Sutherland: The Authorized Biography* Queen Anne P, 1987, ISBN 0-356-12693-5, ISBN-13: 978-0356126937 / Little Brown & Co, 1994, ISBN 0-316-54555-4 ISBN-13 978-0316545556

## Pautan luar
* Biografi
* Sutherland dari laman Decca 
* ABC temuramah *Sunday Profile* : Dame Joan Sutherland
* 
* Analisis suara dan karier Sutherland