Saskia Sassen

**Saskia Sassen** (lahir 5 Januari 1947) ialah seorang ahli sosiologi Belanda-Amerika yang terkenal kerana analisisnya tentang globalisasi dan penghijrahan manusia antarabangsa. Beliau ialah seorang profesor sosiologi di Universiti Columbia di New York, dan London School of Economics. Istilah bandar global dicipta dan dipopularkan oleh Sassen dalam karyanya *The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo.* (1991)

## Pendidikan
Dari 1966, Sassen menghabiskan masa setahun di Université de Poitiers, Perancis, Università degli Studi di Roma, dan Universiti Buenos Aires, untuk pengajian dalam bidang falsafah dan sains politik. Dari tahun 1969, Sassen belajar sosiologi dan ekonomi di Universiti Notre Dame, Indiana, di mana beliau memperolehi M.A. pada tahun 1971 dan Ph.D. ijazah pada tahun 1974, di bawah arahan Fabio Dasilva. Beliau juga menerima ijazah sarjana dalam bidang falsafah dari Universiti Poitiers pada tahun 1974

## Jawatan akademik
Selepas menjadi felo pasca kedoktoran di Pusat Hal Ehwal Antarabangsa di Universiti Harvard, Sassen memegang pelbagai jawatan akademik di dalam dan di luar AS, seperti Profesor Sosiologi Ralph Lewis di Universiti Chicago. Beliau kini adalah Profesor Sosiologi Robert S. Lynd di Universiti Columbia dan Profesor Pelawat Centennial Ekonomi Politik di Jabatan Sosiologi di London School of Economics.

Semasa 1980-an dan 1990-an, Sassen muncul sebagai pengarang prolifik dalam sosiologi bandar. Beliau mengkaji kesan globalisasi seperti penstrukturan semula ekonomi, dan bagaimana pergerakan buruh dan modal mempengaruhi kehidupan bandar. Beliau juga mengkaji pengaruh teknologi komunikasi terhadap tadbir urus. Sassen memerhatikan bagaimana negara bangsa mula kehilangan kuasa untuk mengawal perkembangan ini, dan dia mengkaji peningkatan transnasionalisme umum, termasuk penghijrahan manusia transnasional. Dia mengenal pasti dan menerangkan fenomena bandar global itu. Bukunya pada tahun 1991 dengan tajuk ini menjadikannya pengarang yang dipetik secara meluas mengenai globalisasi. Edisi kemas kini bukunya telah diterbitkan pada tahun 2001. Pada awal 2000-an, Sassen menumpukan pada imigresen dan globalisasi, dengan projek "dennasionalisasi" dan "transnasionalisme" beliau (lihat Bibliografi dan Pautan Luar, di bawah). Buku-buku beliau telah diterjemahkan ke dalam 21 bahasa. Jawatankuasa Prosedur Jenayah Itali, Eropah dan Antarabangsa - Ibrerojur.

## Keluarga dan didikan
Sassen dilahirkan di The Hague, Belanda pada tahun 1947. Pada tahun 1948, ibu bapa Sassen, Willem Sassen dan Miep van der Voort, berpindah ke Argentina dan keluarga itu tinggal di Buenos Aires. Bapanya adalah seorang kolaborator Belanda dengan Nazi, seorang wartawan Nazi, dan ahli Waffen-SS. Pada tahun 1950-an, Willem Sassen rapat dengan Adolf Eichmann ketika kedua-duanya tinggal di Argentina, dan dia teringat dia melawat rumah zaman kanak-kanaknya. Persatuan ini menyebabkan dia dan ibunya meninggalkan Argentina semasa dia masih kanak-kanak. Saskia Sassen menghabiskan sebahagian masa mudanya di Itali dan berkata dia "dibesarkan dalam lima bahasa."

Dia berkahwin dengan ahli sosiologi Richard Sennett.

## Karya-karya

### Buku-buku yang dikarang

**The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo* (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001) 2nd ed., original 1991;.
**The Mobility of Labor and Capital. A Study in International Investment and Labor Flow* (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988) .
**Cities in a World Economy* (Thousand Oaks, Calif. : Pine Forge Press, 2018) updated 5th ed., original 1994; Series: Sociology for a new century, .
**Losing control? Sovereignty in An Age of Globalization* (New York: Columbia University Press, 1996) Series : University seminars &mdash; Leonard Hastings Schoff memorial lectures, .
**Globalization and its discontents. Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money* (New York: New Press, 1998), .
**Guests and aliens* (New York: New Press, 1999) .
**The [[global city]] : New York, London, Tokyo* (Princeton : Princeton University Press, 2001) updated 2d ed., original 1991; .
**Territory, Authority, Rights: From Medieval to Global Assemblages* (Princeton: Princeton University Press, May 2006) . Awards for TAR: Winner of the 2007, Distinguished Book Award, Political Economy of the World-System Section, by ASA; Winner of the 2007 Robert Jervis and Paul Schroeder Best Book Award, International History and Politics section, by APSA
**Elements for a Sociology of Globalization* [or *A Sociology of Globalization*] (W.W. Norton, 2007) .
**Expulsions: Brutality and Complexity in the Global Economy* (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2014) .

### Buku-buku yang disunting
**Global networks, linked cities*, ed. Saskia Sassen (New York : Routledge, 2002) , .
**Digital Formations: IT and New Architectures in the Global Realm*, eds. Robert Latham and Saskia Sassen (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005) , .
**Deciphering the Global: Its Scales, Spaces and Subjects* (New York: Routledge, 2007).

### Bab-bab buku

*"Mediating practices : women with/in cyberspace", in eds. John Armitage and Joanne Roberts, *Living with cyberspace : technology & society in the 21st century* (London : Athlone; New York : Continuum, 2002) viii, 203 p., , , , .
*"Beyond sovereignty: de facto transnationalism in immigration policy", in eds. Friedmann, Jonathan and Randeria, Shalini, *Worlds on the move : globalization, migration, and cultural security* (London; New York : Tauris 2004) xix, 372 p., 24 см, Series : Toda institute book series on global peace and policy 6, .
*"Electronic markets and activist networks: The weight of social logics in digital formations", in *Digital Formations: IT and New Architectures in the Global Realm*, eds. Robert Latham and Saskia Sassen (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005) , , p.&nbsp;54-88.
*"When Places Have Deep Economic Histories", in eds. Goldsmith, Stephen and Elizabeth, Lynne,   *What We See: Advancing the Observations of [[Jane Jacobs]]* (Oakland, CA : New Village Press  2010) pp 263 – 275, .

### Artikel-artikel
*"Embedded borderings: making new geographies of centrality", *Territory, Politics, Governance*, March 2017.
*"How Population Lies : True, big cities no longer draw big numbers. But that doesn't mean their power is slipping too.", *[[Newsweek International]]*, July 3–10, 2006.
*"Predatory Formations Dressed in Wall Street Suits and Algorithmic Math", *Science, Technology & Society*, February 2017.
*"'One of the most culturally diverse cities in the UK': Saskia Sassen on Manchester", *City Metric*, June 2017.
*"Migration policy: from control to governance : In the United States and Europe alike, immigration policy isn't working -- and the failure is most evident at the crossing-points of the rich and poor worlds, from the Mexican border to the Canary Islands.", *[[openDemocracy]]* (July 13, 2006).
*"The repositioning of citizenship and alienage: Emergent subjects and spaces for politics", *Globalizations*, volume 2, number 1, (2005), p.&nbsp;79-94.
*"Regulating Immigration in a Global Age: A New Policy Landscape", *Parallax*, volume 11, number 1 (2005), p.&nbsp;35-45.
* "Comment: We seem to have forgotten history", *[[The Guardian]]* (February 26, 2004).
*"Going Beyond the National State in the USA: The Politics of Minoritized Groups in Global Cities", *[[Diogenes (journal)|Diogenes]]*, volume 51, number 3 (2004), p.&nbsp;59-65.
*"The new lords of Africa", in *[[The Guardian]]* July 9, 2003; also in *Peacework*, volume 30, number 338, September 2003, p20-21, ISSN 0748-0725.
* " "A message from the global south," (Special report: Terrorism in the US), *[[The Guardian]]* (September 12, 2001).
* "Special report: refugees in Britain &mdash; Unstoppable immigrants", in *[[The Guardian]]* (September 12, 2000).
*"Home truths: The notion that the west is threatened with mass invasions of immigrants is a myth," (Refugees in Britain: special report), *The Guardian* (Saturday April 15, 2000).
*"Women's burden : counter-geographies of globalization and the feminization of survival", *Journal of international affairs*, [New York], volume 53, number 2, p.&nbsp;504-524 (2000), ISSN 0022-197X.
**Cities : between global actors and local conditions* (College Park, MD. : Urban Studies and Planning Program, University of Maryland, c1999) "The 1997 Lefrak monograph".
*"Beyond Sovereignty: De-Facto Transnationalism in Immigration Policy", in *European Journal of Migration and Law*, volume 1, p.&nbsp;177-198, 1999; also published as *The De-facto Transnationalizing of Immigration Policy* (Florence: Robert Schuman Centre at the European University Institute, 1996).
* "Global financial centers", in *Foreign affairs*, [New York], volume 78, number 1, p.&nbsp;75-87 (1999), ISSN 0015-7120.
**The De-facto Transnationalizing of Immigration Policy* (Florence: Robert Schuman Centre at the European University Institute, 1996); [also published as "Beyond Sovereignty: De-Facto Transnationalism in Immigration Policy", in *European Journal of Migration and Law*, volume 1, 1999, p.&nbsp;177-198.]
**Transnational economies and national migration policies* (Amsterdam : Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies, University of Amsterdam, 1996), .
*"Analytic borderlands : race, gender and representation in the new city", in ed. King, Anthony D., *Re-presenting the city : ethnicity, capital, and culture in the 21st-century metropolis* (New York : New York University Press, 1996) p.&nbsp;183-202, , .
*[with Morita, Kiriro], "The New illegal immigration in Japan 1980-1992", in *The international migration review* (New York : Center for Migration Studies, 1994), volume 28, number 1, p.&nbsp;153-163, ISSN 0197-9183.
*[with Smith, Robert] *Post-industrial employment and third world immigration : casualization and the New Mexican migration in New York* (New York, N.Y. : Columbia University, Institute of Latin American and Iberian Studies, 1991) Series : Papers on Latin America #26.
**New York City's informal economy* (Los Angeles, Calif. : University of California Los Angeles, Institute for Social Science Research, [1988?]) Series : ISSR working papers in the social sciences, 1988–89, volume 4, number 9.

### Disertasi
* [as Sassen-Koob, Saskia] *Non-dominant ethnic populations as a possible component of the U.S. political economy : the case of blacks and Chicanos* (Dissertation, Ph.D., University of Notre Dame, 1974).
* [as Sassen-Koob, Saskia] *Social stratification, ethnicity and ideology : Anglos and Chicanos in the United States* (Thesis, M.A., University of Notre Dame, 1971).

## Penghargaan dan anugerah
* In January 2004, Sassen received the *[[honoris causa]]* degree in urbanism at Delft University of Technology.
* In 2013, she received the Prince of Asturias award in social sciences.
* In 2014, she received the *honoris causa* degree at Universidad de Murcia (Spain) and Ecole Normale Superieure (Paris).
* In 2016, she received the *honoris causa* degree at University of Valencia (Spain)
* On November 13, 2017, the Honorable Consejo General Universitario from the Universidad de Guadalajara, México approved the "honoris causa" degree.

## Lihat juga
*Globalization
*Human migration
*International trade
*Nation states
*Rural depopulation
*Sociology
*Transnationalism
*Urbanization

## Rujukan

## Pautan luar

* Sassen's page at the London School of Economics
* Member Profile, Committee on Global Thought at Columbia University
* The Transnationalism Project, University of Chicago
* Downloadable PDFs of Sassen's papers at the University of Chicago's Transnationalism project website
* ''Globalization & World Cities'', site at Loughborough University UK, founded by Peter Hall, Sassen, and Nigel Thrift
* Guantánamo in Germany (with Richard Sennett) in The Guardian, 21 August 2007 (concerning arrest of German sociologist charged of being "mastermind" of the Militante Gruppe)
* 2008 Metropolis Congress Sydney
* Saskia on divulge, Saskia Sassen at *Unbound*
* "Comment: We seem to have forgotten history", *[[The Guardian]]*, February 26, 2004.
* "Special report: Terrorism in the US &mdash; A message from the global south", in *[[The Guardian]]*, September 12, 2001.
* "Special report: refugees in Britain &mdash; Unstoppable immigrants", in *[[The Guardian]]*, September 12, 2000.
* Saskia Sassen's Missing Chapter - article about Sassen in *The Chronicle of Higher Education*
* The Language of Expulsion. By Saskia Sassen, *[[Truthout]].* July 30, 2014.