Vegetasi

**Vegetasi** ialah himpunan spesies tumbuhan dan penutup tanah yang tumbuhan ini bekalkam.  Ia merupakam istilah umum, tanpa rujukan khusus kepada takson tertentu, bentuk hidup, struktur, takat ruang, atau mana-mana ciri botani atau geografi khusus yang lain. Ia lebih luas daripada istilah *[[flora]]* yang merujuk komposisi spesies. Mungkin sinonim yang terdekat ialah komuniti tumbuhan, tetapi *vegetasi* boleh, dan selalunya memang, merujuk julat skala ruang yang lebih luas daripada istilah ini, termasuk skala sebesar dunia. Hutan kayu merah purbakala, dirian bakau pantai, rawa sfagnum, kerak tanah gurun, tompok rumpai tepi jalan, ladang gandum, kebun dan halaman rumput bertanam; semua dirangkumi oleh istilah *vegetasi*.

Jenis vegetasi ditakrifkan oleh ciri-ciri spesies dominan, atau aspek sepunya himpunan, seperti julat pelan tegak atau kesamaan sekitar. Penggunaan sezaman *vegetasi* lebig jurang dengan istilah ahli ekologi Frederic Clements **penutup bumi**, ungkapan yang masih digunakan oleh Biro Pengurusan Tanah.

## Lihat juga
* Biom
* Ekosistem

## Rujukan

## Bacaan lanjut
* Archibold, O. W. *Ecology of World Vegetation*. New York: Springer Publishing, 1994.
* Barbour, M. G. and W. D. Billings (editors). *North American Terrestrial Vegetation*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
* Barbour, M.G, J.H. Burk, and W.D. Pitts. "Terrestrial Plant Ecology". Menlo Park: Benjamin Cummings, 1987.
* Box, E. O. 1981. *Macroclimate and Plant Forms: An Introduction to Predictive Modeling in Phytogeography. Tasks for Vegetation Science*, vol. 1. The Hague: Dr. W. Junk BV. 258 pp., https://books.google.com/books?id=jTzqCAAAQBAJ.
* Breckle, S-W. *Walter's Vegetation of the Earth.* New York: Springer Publishing, 2002.
* Burrows, C. J. *Processes of Vegetation Change*. Oxford: Routledge Press, 1990.
* Ellenberg, H. 1988. *Vegetation ecology of central Europe*. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, https://books.google.com/books?id=LQNxbuyPxawC.
* Feldmeyer-Christie, E., N. E. Zimmerman, and S. Ghosh. *Modern Approaches In Vegetation Monitoring*. Budapest: Akademiai Kiado, 2005.
* Gleason, H.A. 1926. The individualistic concept of the plant association. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 53:1-20.
* Grime, J.P. 1987. *Plant strategies and vegetation processes*. Wiley Interscience, New York NY.
* Kabat, P., et al. (editors). *Vegetation, Water, Humans and the Climate: A New Perspective on an Interactive System*. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag 2004.
* MacArthur, R.H. and E. O. Wilson. *The theory of Island Biogeography*. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 1967
* Mueller-Dombois, D., and H. Ellenberg. *Aims and Methods of Vegetation Ecology.* New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1974. The Blackburn Press, 2003 (reprint).
* UNESCO. 1973. *International Classification and Mapping of Vegetation*. Series 6, Ecology and Conservation, Paris, http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0000/000050/005032MB.pdf.
* Van Der Maarel, E. *Vegetation Ecology*. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2004.
* Vankat, J. L. *The Natural Vegetation of North America*. Krieger Publishing Co., 1992.

## Pautan luar

### Pengelasan
* Terrestrial Vegetation of the United States Volume I&nbsp;– The National Vegetation Classification System: Development, Status, and Applications  (PDF)
* Federal Geographic Data Committee Vegetation Subcommittee
* Vegetation Classification Standard [FGDC-STD-005, June 1997] (PDF)
* Classifying Vegetation Condition: Vegetation Assets States and Transitions (VAST)

### Berkaitan pemetaan
* Interactive world vegetation map by Howstuffworks
* USGS - NPS Vegetation Mapping Program
* Checklist of Online Vegetation and Plant Distribution Maps
* VEGETATION image processing and archiving centre at VITO
* Spot-VEGETATION programme web page

### Diagram iklim
* Climate Diagrams Explained 
* ClimateDiagrams.com Provides climate diagrams for more than 3000 weather stations and for different climate periods from all over the world. Users can also create their own diagrams with their own data.
* WBCS Worldwide Climate Diagrams