César Pelli

**César Pelli** (12 Oktober 1926 - 19 Julai 2019) ialah seorang jurubina kelahiran Argentina, yang terkenal kerana mereka bentuk beberapa buah bangunan tertinggi di dunia dan bermacam-macam lagi mercu tanda bandaraya utama. Kebanyakan dari hasil seni rekaan bangunan yang beliau lakarkan, beliau lebih dikenali atas perekaan binaan yang cenderung berunsur litupan logam serta bercorak likur.

Pada tahun 1991, Institut Jurubina Amerika (AIA) menyenaraikan Pelli di kalangan sepuluh jurubina Amerika terhandal yang hidup di dunia. Antara berpuluh-puluh anugerah yang diraihnya termasuk AIA Gold Medal 1995 yang mengiktiraf hasil pembinaan yang memberikan pengaruh berpanjangan dalam teori dan amalan seni bina.

Hasil seni bina Pelli yang paling terkemuka di dunia ialah Menara Berkembar Petronas yang pernah membawa gelaran bangunan tertinggi di dunia. Beliau juga mereka bina kompleks World Financial Center di Manhattan, yang mengelilingi tapak World Trade Center.

## Awal hidup dan pendidikan
## Kerjaya kejurubinaan
## Senja hidup
Pada 19 Julai 2019, Pelli dilaporkan meninggal dunia pada usia 92 tahun di kediamannya di New Haven, Connecticut.

## Pekerjaan yang dilibatkan beliau
#### Syarikat yang disertai

* Pereka Projek, Eero Saarinen
** Bangunan Terminal TWA, Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa John F. Kennedy, Bandaraya New York, New York
** Kolej Morse & Kolej Ezra Stiles, Universiti Yale
* Pengarah Reka Bina, Daniel, Mann, Johnson & Mendenhall, Los Angeles, California
** Makmal COMSAT, di Clarksburg, Maryland, 1967-1968 (bersama jurubina lanskap Lester Collins)
* Rakan Reka Bina, Gruen Associates, Los Angeles, 1968-1976
* Cesar Pelli & Associates, 1977

### Projek yang siap
* 1966: Worldway Postal Center, Los Angeles International Airport, California
* 1967: Kukui Gardens housing, Honolulu, Hawaii
* 1969: San Bernardino City Hall, San Bernardino, California
* 1972: US Embassy di Tokyo, Jepun
* 1973: Commons Centre and Mall, Columbus, Indiana-
* 1975: Pacific Design Center, Los Angeles, California
* 1981-1987: World Financial Center, Bandaraya New York, New York
* 1982-1984: Herring Hall at Rice University, Houston, Texas
* 1984: Residential Tower di atas Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), Bandaraya New York, New York
* 1984-1986: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
* 1984: Mattatuck Museum Arts and History Center renovation, Waterbury, Connecticut
* 1987: Blumenthal Performing Arts Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
* 1987-1990: Carnegie Hall Tower, New York City, New York, USA
* 1987-89: Maryland Residence, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
* 1987-1991: One Canada Square, Canary Wharf, London, England
* 1988: Wells Fargo Center (dahulunya *Norwest Center*), Minneapolis, Minnesota
* 1989: Gaviidae Common, Minneapolis, Minnesota
* 1990: Ibu Pejabat Nippon Telegraph and Telephone, Tokyo, Jepun
* 1990: 181 West Madison Street, Chicago, Illinois
* 1991: Key Tower, Cleveland, Ohio
* 1991: 777 Tower, Los Angeles, California
* 1991: Frances Lehman Loeb Art Center at Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York
* 1992: Bank of America Corporate Center, Charlotte, North Carolina
* 1992: Plaza Tower, Costa Mesa, California
* 1994: Physics and Astronomy Building, Universiti Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
* 1995: Aronoff Center for Performing Arts, Cincinnati, Ohio
* 1995: 100 North Main Street (formerly *Wachovia Center*), Winston-Salem, North Carolina
* 1996: Residencial del Bosque, Bandar Raya Mexico, Mexico
* 1996: Edificio República, Buenos Aires, Argentina
* 1996: Owens Corning World Headquarters, Toledo, Ohio
* 1997: Sambungan Washington National Airport, Washington, D.C.
* 1998: Overture Center, Madison, Wisconsin
* 1998: Petronas Twin Towers, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
* 1998: Schuster Center, Dayton, Ohio
* 1999: Cheung Kong Center (長江集團中心), Hong Kong
* 1999: Zurich tower office building in The Hague, Belanda
* 2000: Kurayoshi Park Square, Kurayoshi, Jepun
* 2000: Boston Bank Building, Buenos Aires, Argentina
* 2000: KABC-TV, Los Angeles, California
* 2001: Citigroup Centre, 25 Canada Square, Canary Wharf, London
* 2001: Bucksbaum Center for the Arts di Kolej Grinnell, Grinnell, Iowa
* 2001: Athletic and Fitness Center di Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa
* 2001: Investment Building, Washington, DC.
* 2002: Weber Music Hall di Universiti Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota
* 2002: Bekas Ibu Pejabat Enron di 1500 Louisiana Street, Houston, Texas
* 2003: Gerald Ratner Athletics Center di Universiti Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
* 2003: Two International Finance Centre, Hong Kong
* 2003: Center for Drama and Film & Martel Theater di Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York
* 2003: 25 Bank Street, Canary Wharf, Docklands, London
* 2003: 40 Bank Street, Canary Wharf, Docklands, London
* 2003: Benjamin & Mariam Schuster Performing Arts Center, Dayton, Ohio
* 2004: Goldman Sachs Tower, Jersey City, New Jersey
* 2005: Cira Centre, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
* 2005: Malone Engineering Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
* 2006: Theodore Roosevelt Federal Building Eastern District Courthouse, Brooklyn, New York
* 2006: Science and Engineering Research and Classroom Complex di Universiti Houston, Houston, Texas
* 2006: Minneapolis Public Library's Central branch, Minneapolis, Minnesota
* 2006: Joe Rosenfield '25 Center, Kolej Grinnell, Grinnell, Iowa
* 2006: Renée and Henry Segerstrom Concert Hall, Segerstrom Center For The Arts, Orange County Performing Arts Center, Costa Mesa, California
* 2006: Thomas E. Golden Jr. Center, St. Thomas More Catholic Chapel and Center, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
* 2006: Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, Miami, Florida
* 2008: BOK Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma
* 2008: One Park West, Liverpool, England
* 2008: St. Regis Residences & Hotel, Bandaraya Mexico, Mexico
* 2008: Torre de Cristal, Madrid, Sepanyol
* 2010: Torre Mesoamericana, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico

### Projek dalam pembinaan
* 2008: Business Instructional Facility, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois
* 2008: Repsol-YPF Building, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Under Construction
* 2009: New Airport Terminal Building (Phase 1), Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
* 2009: Aria Resort & Casino, ciri pusat Project CityCenter, Las Vegas, Nevada
* 2009: Connecticut Science Center, Hartford, Connecticut
* 2009: The Landmark, Abu Dhabi, Emiriah Arab Bersatu
* 2010: Gran Torre Costanera, Santiago, Chile
* 2011: Iberdrola Tower, office building, Bilbao, Spain
* 2012: Porta Nuova Garibaldi, master plan and mixed-use development, Milan, Itali
* 2012: Cira Center South, Philadelphia
* 2012: Sidra Medical Center, Qatar
* 2012: Cajasol Tower, office building, Seville, Sepanyol

### Projek yang dicadangkan
* 2010: South Station Tower, Boston, Massachusetts
* 2013: Transbay Transportation Center and Tower, San Francisco, California
* 2013: Mirador del Valle, Salta, Argentina

## Penerbitan
* 1982: "Skyscrapers," **Perspecta** 18, m/s.&nbsp;134–151.
* 1984: Introduction to **The Second Generation** oleh Esther McCoy (Peregrine Smith Books)
* 1999: **Observations for Young Architects** (Monacelli Press)
* 2001: **Petronas Towers: The Architecture of High Construction** penulis bersama Michael J. Crosbie (Wiley-Academy)
* 2002: Foreword to **Ralph Rapson: Sketches and Drawings from Around the World** oleh Ralph Rapson (Afton Historical Society Press)

## Rujukan


## Pautan luar

* Pelli Clarke Pelli Architects