Hephaestus

**Hephaistos** (, sebutan Attika: ; ) ialah dewa pertukangan, tukang besi, tukang kayu, api, metalurgi, kerja logam, arca dan gunung berapi yang dipuja masyarakat Yunani Purba. Dia diceritakan anak kepada Zeus dan Hera, tetapi dalam sesetengah penceritaan dia dilahirkan oleh Hera dan tidak berbapa. Dia dibuang dari Gunung Olympus sama ada ibunya Hera kerana kakinya yang cacat tempang sejak lahir; ataupun oleh Zeus kerana melindungi Hera daripada godaan Zeus (dan tempang Hephaistos adalah akibat kejatuhan dia).

Sebagai dewa penempa, Hephaistos membuat semua senjata para dewa di Olympus. Dia berkhidmat sebagai tukang besi dewa-dewi, dan disembah di pusat-pusat pengeluaran dan perindustrian Yunani, khususnya Athens. Pusat pemujaan Hephaistos berada di Lemnos. Simbol Hephaistos ialah tukul besi, andas dan sepasang penyepit.

## Julukan
Hephaistos ada banyak julukan. Maksud setiap julukannya ialah:

* **Amphigyḗeis** sering diterjemahkan sebagai "yang tempang"; harfiahnya "tempang di kedua-dua belah" atau sebagainya. ()
* **Kyllopodíōn** "cepoh" atau "berkaki mengheret" ()
* **Khalkeús** "tukang tembaga" ()
* **Klytotéhnēs** "kimpu yang terkenal" ()
* **Polýmētis** "cerdik, licik" atau "yang banyak peranti" ()
* **Aitnaîos** "dari Aitnai" (), kerana bengkelnya kononnya terletak di bawah Gunung Aitna.
* **Polýphrōn** "cerdik, berdaya cipta" (Πολύφρων)
* **Agaklytós** "sangat terkenal, gemilang" (Ἀγακλυτός)
* **Aithalóeis theós** "dewa berjelaga" (Αἰθαλόεις θεός)

## Lihat juga

* Vulcanus - dewa seperanan dalam kepercayaan Rumawi Purba

## Rujukan


## Bibliografi

### kuno

* Homer, *The Iliad with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PhD in two volumes*. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Homer; *The Odyssey with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, PH.D. in two volumes*. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1919. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Hesiod, *Theogony*, in *The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White*, Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1914. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Evelyn-White, Hugh, *The Homeric Hymns and Homerica with an English Translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White*. Homeric Hymns. Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard
* Apollonius of Rhodes,  *Argonautica*; with an English translation by R. C. Seaton. William Heinemann, 1912.
* Apollodorus, *Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes.* Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Pausanias, *Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes.* Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1918. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Strabo, *The Geography of Strabo.* Edition by H.L. Jones. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Ovid, *Ovid's Fasti: With an English translation by Sir James George Frazer*, London: W. Heinemann LTD; Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1959. Internet Archive.
* Hyginus, Gaius Julius, ''The Myths of Hyginus''. Edited and translated by Mary A. Grant, Lawrence: University of Kansas Press, 1960.

### Moden

* 
* 
* Slater, Philip Elliot (1968), *The Glory of Hera: Greek Mythology and the Greek Family*, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, . Google books.
* Stein, Murray, *Soul: Treatment and Recovery: The selected works of Murray Stein*, Routledge, 2015. .
* Strabo, , translated by Horace Leonard Jones; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd. (1924). LacusCurtis, Online version at the Perseus Digital Library, Books 6&#x2013;14.

## Pautan luar

* Projek Theoi, Hephaistos dalam kesusasteraan dan seni klasik
* Pautan Mitologi Yunani, ringkasan Hephaistos tentang mitos Hephaestus
* Pangkalan Data Ikonografi Institut Warburg (imej Hephaestus)