Delphi

**Delphi** ( ), ialah sebuah kawasan suci di Yunani dan merupakan sebuah Tapak Warisan Dunia. Dahulu ia dipanggil **Pytho** (Πυθώ) dalam legenda dan merupakan kawasan suci purba dan tempat Pythia tinggal, ahli nujum besar yang dirujuk untuk keputusan-keputusan penting di seluruh dunia klasik purba. Orang Yunani purba percaya pusat dunia berada di Delphi, ditandai dengan monumen batu yang dikenali sebagai Omfalos Delphi (pusat perut).

Kawasan sucinya terletak di lereng barat daya Gunung Parnassus. Ia mempunyai tapak arkeologi yang berkaitan dengan Nujum Delphi. Sukan Pythia dahulu diadakan di Delphi. Antara khazanah seni Delphi ialah Pelumba Kereta Kuda Delphi.

Di sebelah kawasan suci Delphi ialah sebuah pekan moden dengan nama yang sama.

## Nama
**Delphi** mempunyai akar yang sama dengan perkataan Yunani untuk rahim, δελφύς *delphys*.

**Pytho** (Πυθώ) berkaitan dengan Pythia, pendeta wanita yang berkhidmat sebagai ahli nujum, dan Python, seekor ular atau naga yang tinggal di tapak tersebut. "Python" berasal daripada kata kerja πύθω (*pythō*), "membusuk".

## Galeri

File:Archaeological_Site_of_Delphi-111178.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeological_Site_of_Delphi-111178.jpg|Teater di Delphi
File:Archaeological_Site_of_Delphi-111180.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeological_Site_of_Delphi-111180.jpg|Runtuhan teater di Delphi
File:Archaeological_Site_of_Delphi-111182.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Archaeological_Site_of_Delphi-111182.jpg|Batu bertindan
File:Phaedriades,_Delphi,_060032.jpg|link=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Phaedriades,_Delphi,_060032.jpg|Tebing Phaedriades


## Nota kaki


## Rujukan


## Bibiliografi

*Aimatidou-Argyriou, E. *Delphi,* Athens 2003
*Bommelaer, J.-F., Laroche, D., *Guide de Delphes. Le site,* Paris 1991
*Broad, William J. ''The Oracle: Ancient Delphi and the Science Behind its Lost Secrets'', New York : Penguin, 2006. .
*
* Connelly, Joan Breton, ''Portrait of a Priestess: Women and Ritual in Ancient Greece'', Princeton University Press, 2007. 
*Call of Duty: Black Ops 4 (2018) "Ancient Evil"
* Dempsey, T., Reverend, ''The Delphic oracle, its early history, influence and fall'', Oxford: B.H. Blackwell, 1918.
*Castro Belen, Liritzis Ioannis and Nyquist Anne (2015) Oracular Functioning And Architecture of Five Ancient Apollo Temples Through Archaeastronomy: Novel Approach And Interpretation Nexus Network Journal, Architecture & Mathematics, 18(2), 373-395 (DOI:10.1007/s00004-015-0276-2)
*Farnell, Lewis Richard, *The Cults of the Greek States*, in five volumes, Clarendon Press, 1896–1909. (Cf. especially, volume III and volume IV on the Pythoness and Delphi).
* 
* Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy, *The Delphic oracle, its responses and operations, with a catalogue of responses*, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978. 
* Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy, *Python; a study of Delphic myth and its origins*, New York, Biblio & Tannen, 1974. 
*Goodrich, Norma Lorre, *Priestesses*, New York: F. Watts, 1989. 
*Guthrie, William Keith Chambers, *The Greeks and their Gods*, 1955.
*Hall, Manly Palmer, *The Secret Teachings of All Ages*, 1928. Ch. 14 cf. Greek Oracles, www, PRS
*Harissis H. 2015. "A Bittersweet Story: The True Nature of the Laurel of the Oracle of Delphi" Perspectives in Biology and Medicine. Volume 57, Number 3, Summer 2014, pp. 295-298.
* 
*Herodotus, *The Histories*
*Homeric Hymn to Pythian Apollo
*
*Kolonia, R., *The Archaeological Museum of Delphi,* Athens 2006
*
* 
* Manas, John Helen, ''Divination, ancient and modern'', New York, Pythagorean Society, 1947.
* 
* 
*Petrakos, B. *Delph,* Athens 1977
*Plutarch "Lives"
*Rohde, Erwin, *Psyche*, 1925.
* Seyffert, Oskar, "Dictionary of Classical Antiquities" , London: W. Glaisher, 1895.
*Spiller, Henry A., John R. Hale, and Jelle Z. de Boer. "The Delphic Oracle: A Multidisciplinary Defense of the Gaseous Vent Theory." *Clinical Toxicology* 40.2 (2000) 189–196.
*West, Martin Litchfield, *The Orphic Poems*, 1983. .

## Bacaan lanjut

* 
* Davies, J. K. (1998). Finance, Administrations, and Realpolitik: The Case of Fourth-Century Delphi. In M*odus Operandi: Essays in Honour of Geoffrey Rickman.* Edited by M. Austin, J. Harries, and C. Smith, 1–14. London: Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies, Suppl. 71.
* Davies, John. (2007). "The Origins of the Festivals, especially Delphi and the Pythia." In *Pindar’s Poetry, Patrons, and Festivals: From Archaic Greece to the Roman Empire.* Edited by Simon Hornblower and Catherine Morgan, 47–69. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
*
* Kindt, Julia. (2016). *Revisiting Delphi: Religion and Storytelling in Ancient Greece. Cambridge Classical Studies.* Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press.
* 
* 
* 
* Morgan, Catherine. (1990). *Athletes and Oracles. The Transformation of Olympia and Delphi in the Eighth Century BC.* Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.
* Partida, Elena C. (2002). *The Treasuries at Delphi: An Architectural Study.* Jonsered, Denmark: Paul Åströms.
* Scott, Michael, *Delphi: A History of the Center of the Ancient World* (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014). 
* Scott, Michael. (2010). *Delphi and Olympia: The Spatial Politics of Panhellenism in the Archaic and Classical Periods.* Cambridge and New York: Cambridge Univ. Press.
* Temple, Robert K.G., "Fables, Riddles, and Mysteries of Delphi", *Proceedings of 4th Philosophical Meeting on Contemporary Problems*, No 4, 1999 (Athens, Greece) In Greek and English.
* Weir, Robert G. (2004). *Roman Delphi and its Pythian games. BAR Series 1306*. Oxford: Hadrian.

### 5th-century evidence
*Petrides, P., 2010, *La céramique protobyzantine de Delphes. Une production et son contexte*, École française d’Athènes, Fouilles de Delphes V, Monuments figurés 4, Paris – Athènes.
*Petrides, P., Déroche, V., Badie, A., 2014,*Delphes de l’Antiquité tardive. Secteur au Sud-est du Péribole, École française d’Athènes,* Fouilles de Delphes II, Topographie et Architecture 15, Paris-Athènes.
*Petrides, P., 1997, «Delphes dans l’Antiquité tardive : première approche topographique et céramologique», BCH 121, pp.&nbsp;681–695.
*Petrides, P., 2003, «Αteliers de potiers protobyzantins à Delphes », in Χ. ΜΠΑΚΙΡΤΖΗΣ (ed.), 7ο Διεθνές Συνέδριο Μεσαιωνικής Κεραμικής της Μεσογείου, Θεσσαλονίκη 11-16 Οκτωβρίου 1999, Πρακτικά, Αθήνα, pp.&nbsp;443–446.
*Petrides, P., 2005, «Un exemple d’architecture civile en Grèce : les maisons protobyzantines de Delphes (IVe–VIIe s.)», Mélanges Jean-Pierre Sodini, Travaux et Mémoires 15, Paris, pp.&nbsp;193–204.
*Petrides, P., Demou, J., 2011, « La redécouverte de Delphes protobyzantine », Pallas 87, pp.&nbsp;267–281.

## Pautan luar

* 
* The “E” of Delphi - Delphic precepts 
* Buku dalam talian dan sumber perpustakaan di perpustakaan anda dan di perpustakaan lain tentang Delphi
* VirtualDelphi akan membantu anda membayangkan monumen Delphi dengan membinanya semula dan paparkannya seperti dalam zaman sejarahnya.
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