Robert Gates

**Robert "Bob" Michael Gates**, Ph.D. (lahir 25 September 1943) merupakan  presiden  Universiti Texas A&M , dan juga bekas Pengarah Agensi Perisikan Pusat (CIA).  Beliau merupakan calon Presiden untuk menjawat jawatan Setiausaha Pertahanan, ditangguhkan pengesahannya oleh Senat Amerika Syarikat.  Gates telah berkhidmat selama 26 tahun di dalam Agensi Perisikan Pusat (CIA) dan juga Majlis Keselamatan Kebangsaan. Di bawah Presiden  George H.W. Bush, beliau telah berkhidmat sebagai Pengarah Agensi Perisikan Pusat. Selepas meninggalkan CIA, beliau telah menulis  memoir beliau, menjadi presiden Universiti Texas A&M , dan menjadi ahli kepada beberapa lembaga syarikat korporat. Gate telah berkhidmat sebagai ahli bipartisan commission diketuai oleh James A. Baker III, Kumpulan Pembelajaran Iraq, yang telah mempelajari kempen Iraq. Beliau juga menjadi orang pertama dipilih mengetuai Jabatan Keselamatan Dalam Negeri (*United States Department of Homeland Security*) apabila ia telah ditubuhkan berikutan dengan peristiwa September 11. 

Selepas keputusan pilihan raya pertengahan musim 2006 , Presiden George W. Bush telah mengumumkan pencalonan Gates untuk menggantikan Donald Rumsfeld sebagai Setiausaha Pertahanan Amerika Syarikat pada 9 November, 2006.
Gates telah menyatakan di dalam suratnya kepada para pelajar bahawa beliau akan menyambungkan tugasnya sebagai Presiden Texas A&M sehingga selesai proses mendapat kepastian process. Gates akan menghadapi dahulu kepastian  daripada Jawatankuasa Perkhidmatan bersenjata, dan sekiranya diluluskan, oleh satu undi majoriti di dalam undi  vote in the Senate.

## Biografi
### Masa kanak-kanak dan pendidikan
A native of Wichita, Kansas, Gates attained the rank of Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America and is a recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America. He graduated from Wichita East High School in 1961. Gates then headed east to attend the College of William and Mary where he graduated with a B.A. in European history in 1965. While at William & Mary, Gates was an active member of Alpha Phi Omega, national service fraternity, as well as active in the Young Republicans and the business manager for the *[[William and Mary Review]],* a literary and art magazine.  At William & Mary,  Gates was named the graduate that "has made the greatest contribution to his fellow man." http://news.yahoo.com/s/usnews/20061110/ts_usnews/factsaboutrobertgates Gates then went on to receive a master's degree in history from Indiana University in 1966, and a Ph.D. in Russian and Soviet history from Georgetown University in 1974.

## Anugerah dan pingat
Anugerah dan pingat Gates termasuk:

; Anugerah kerajaan
* National Security Medal
* Presidential Citizens Medal
* National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal (twice)
* Distinguished Intelligence Medal (three separate times)

; Anugerah-anugerah lain
* The Borgen Project Award
* Eagle Scout
* Distinguished Eagle Scout Award
* Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from College of William and Mary
* William and Mary Alumni Association - Alumni Medallion

## Nota


## Rujukan
* Robert M. Gates: *From the Shadows: The Ultimate Insider's Story of Five Presidents and How They Won the Cold War.* Simon & Schuster 1997, ISBN 0-684-83497-9 
* Author Unknown. "Biography, Dr. Robert M. Gates, President, Texas A&M University ," *Texas A&M University*. (2003)
* Center for the Study of Intelligence. "Robert Michael Gates," *Directors & Deputy Directors of Central Intelligence*.  (2004)
* Material on Gates , from *The Literature of Intelligence: A Bibliography of Materials, with Essays, Reviews, and Comments*, by J. Ransom Clark 
* Brett Nauman. "Gates passes on intelligence czar post," *The Bryan-College Station Eagle*. (February 1, 2005)

## Bacaan tambahan

* Robert Gates, *From the Shadows: The Ultimate Insider's Story of Five Presidents and How They Won the Cold War*, Simon & Schuster; Reprint edition (May 7, 1997).
* Robert Gates, *[https://www.cia.gov/cia/public_affairs/speeches/1999/dci_speech_111999gatesremarks.html US Intelligence and the End of the Cold War]*, 1999, CIA
* Robert Gates, *[http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/gulf/oral/gates/1.html Frontline The Gulf War: An Oral History: Interview with Robert Gates, Deputy National Security Advisor]*, 2001, PBS.org
* Writings and Speeches