Kawalan kestabilan elektronik

**Kawalan kestabilan elektronik** (Inggeris:*Electronic stability control* atau disebut **ESP**) merupakan sebuah teknologi terkomputerisasi  yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keamanan dari sisi pengendalian kereta dengan cara mengesan dan meminimumkan slip. Ketika kawalan ini mengesan adanya kehilangan kawalan pengendalian, maka dengan secara automatik sistem ini akan membantu brek untuk mengendalikan kereta. Sistem brek langsung berjalan ke arah setiap roda, brek roda hadapan akan menghalang *oversteer* dan brek roda belakang mencegah *understeer*. Kadangkala, sistem ini juga mengurangkan tenaga mesin sehingga keretanya kembali terkawal. Berdasarkan IIHS dan NHTSA (agensi peraturan keselamatan automotif AS), satu pertiga daripada keseluruhan kemalangan maut dapat dielakkan melalui teknologi ini.

## Nama Produk
Kawalan kestabilan elektronik adalah nama umum yang dikenali oleh Persatuan Pengilang Automobil Eropah (ACEA), Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) (Amerika Utara), Persatuan Pengilang Automobil Jepun, dan lembaga dunia lainnya. Walaupun begitu, setiap kilang automotif mempunyai nama masing-masing untuk kawalan kestabilan ini:
*Acura: **Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA)** 
*Alfa Romeo: **Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC)**
*Audi: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Bentley: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*BMW: **Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)** (termasuk Dynamic Traction Control)
*Bugatti: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Buick: **StabiliTrak**
*Cadillac: **StabiliTrak & Active Front Steering (AFS)**
*Chery: **Electronic Stability Program**
*Chevrolet: **StabiliTrak**; **Active Handling** (hanya Corvette)
*Chrysler: **Electronic Stability Program(ESP)**
*Citroën: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Dodge: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Daimler: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Fiat: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)** dan **Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC)**
*Ferrari: **Controllo Stabilità (CST)**
*Ford: **AdvanceTrac with Roll Stability Control (RSC)** dan **Interactive Vehicle Dynamics (IVD)** dan **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**; **Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)** (Australia)
*General Motors: **StabiliTrak**
*Honda: **Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA)**
*Holden: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Hyundai: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**, **Electronic Stability Control (ESC)**, dan **Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA)**
*Infiniti: **Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC)**
*Jaguar: **Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)**
*Jeep: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Kia: **Electronic Stability Control (ESC)**' dan **'Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**'
*Lamborghini: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Land Rover: **Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)**
*Lexus: **[[Manajemen Kedinamisan Kendaraan Terintegrasi|Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management]] (VDIM)** dengan **Vehicle Stability Control (VSC)**
*Lincoln: **AdvanceTrac**
*Maserati: **Maserati Stability Program (MSP)**
*Mazda: **Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)** (termasuk Dynamic Traction Control)
*Mercedes-Benz (co-inventor): **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Mercury: **AdvanceTrac**
*MINI: **Dynamic Stability Control**
*Mitsubishi: **Active Skid and Traction Control MULTIMODE** dan **Active Stability Control (ASC)**
*Nissan: **Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC)**
*Oldsmobile: **Precision Control System (PCS)**
*Opel: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Peugeot: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Pontiac: **StabiliTrak**
*Porsche: **Porsche Stability Management (PSM)**
*Proton: **Electronic Stability Program**
*Renault: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Rover Group: **Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)**
*Saab: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Saturn: **StabiliTrak**
*Scania: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*SEAT: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Škoda: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Smart: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Subaru: **Vehicle Dynamics Control  (VDC)**
*Suzuki: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Toyota: **Either Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) -atau- Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM)**
*Vauxhall: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**
*Volvo: **Dynamic Stability and Traction Control (DSTC)**
*Volkswagen: **Electronic Stability Program (ESP)**

## Rujukan

## Pautan luar
*Bosch ESC Information 
*['''ChooseESC!''' a combined initiative from the [European Commission], eSafetyAware, and Euro NCAP]
*E-Safety list of ESC Media Articles from eSafety Support
*NHTSA on ESC including US Regulation and list of US vehicles with ESC 
*Canadian Association of Road Safety Professionals on ESC
*Transport Canada on ESC
*Australia (Victoria) on ESC 
*NHTSA announces mandatory ESC all light US vehicles by 2012
*Proposed Canadian ESC Law 

## Rujukan