open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
ꯗꯦꯔꯕꯤ

ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ 
## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯋꯦꯜꯜꯁ

ꯋꯦꯜꯜꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯝꯖꯦꯜ

**ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯝꯖꯦꯜ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ:**Track and Field**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯆꯦꯟꯕ, ꯆꯣꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯪꯕꯗ ꯑꯊꯣꯏꯕ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯊꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅ-ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕ ꯆꯪꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯐꯝ, ꯂꯝꯖꯦꯜ ꯆꯦꯟꯐꯝ, ꯂꯪꯕ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯣꯡꯕꯗ ꯆꯪꯕ ꯅꯥꯄꯤ ꯍꯧꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯝꯖꯦꯜ
ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏ

**ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯕꯣꯝꯕꯦ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯵꯰꯷ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕ ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ

ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ (ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯢ) ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯱꯱ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯏꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫

## ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥꯗ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯱꯱ ꯂꯩ ꯫ 

## ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒ ꯁꯝꯅꯐꯝ
* Meghalaya state government website

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯖꯌꯟꯇꯤꯌꯥ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ (ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯢ) ꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯔꯤꯌꯥꯂꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯑꯔꯤꯌꯥꯂꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥ** (**Ariyalur district**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯳꯸ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯷꯵꯴꯸꯹꯴ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯫ ꯑꯔꯤꯌꯥꯂꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱,꯹꯴꯸&nbsp;km²ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯆꯦꯡꯒꯜꯄꯥꯠꯇꯨ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯆꯦꯡꯒꯜꯄꯥꯠꯇꯨ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯳꯸ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯲꯵꯵꯶꯴꯲꯳ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯫ ꯆꯦꯡꯒꯜꯄꯥꯇꯨ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯹꯴꯵&nbsp;km²ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯥꯟꯆꯤꯟꯄꯨꯔꯝ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯠꯇꯣꯛꯂꯒ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯱꯸ ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯆꯦꯟꯅꯥꯏ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯆꯦꯟꯅꯥꯏ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯆꯦꯅꯥꯏ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯳꯸ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯷꯱꯰꯰꯰꯰꯰ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯫ ꯆꯦꯟꯅꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯴꯶꯴&nbsp;km²ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯂꯥꯞꯄꯨꯓꯥ

**ꯑꯂꯥꯞꯄꯨꯓꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯔꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯱꯴ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯂꯦꯞꯄꯦ ꯄꯅꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯵꯷ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯀꯤ ꯆꯩꯆꯠ ꯱꯷ꯇ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯲,꯱꯴꯶,꯰꯳꯳  ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯫ ꯑꯂꯥꯞꯄꯨꯓꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯴꯱꯴&nbsp;km² ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯦꯔꯥꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡ

**ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡ (Islamic ornament)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ ꯗ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯛꯇꯛꯅꯅ (꯱) ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ (arabesque), (꯲) ꯑꯀꯣꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ, ꯑꯇꯤꯡꯕ ꯂꯛꯌꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯢꯕ ꯑꯀꯣꯟꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯕ ꯁꯛꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯗꯤ (꯳) ꯐꯖꯅꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯄꯤꯅꯅꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯐꯖꯕ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯢ ꯫ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯇꯣꯢꯅ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡ ꯳ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯢꯅ ꯇꯣꯢꯅ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ ꯫ 

ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯦ ꯑꯃꯧꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯗ, ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯂꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ (Western arabesque)ꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯅ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯄꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯞ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯦꯞꯄꯔꯁ

**ꯀꯦꯞ ꯀꯤꯗꯅꯦꯞꯄꯔꯁ (Cape Kidnappers)** (Te Kauwae-a-Māui) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯓꯤꯑꯦꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯏꯊꯠꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯊꯪꯕ ꯇꯣꯔꯕꯥꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯈꯥꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯍꯥꯎꯋꯦꯒꯤ ꯏꯔꯦꯟꯄꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯔꯦꯟꯄꯥꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯸ ꯆꯠꯂꯒ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯏꯔꯦꯟꯄꯨꯡ ꯗ ꯏꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯩ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯂꯝꯆꯠ ꯁꯥꯆꯠ ꯑꯣꯜꯍꯟꯄ ꯄꯦꯔꯦꯁꯥꯢꯠ

**ꯂꯝꯆꯠ ꯁꯥꯆꯠ ꯑꯣꯜꯍꯟꯄ ꯄꯦꯔꯦꯁꯥꯢꯠ (Behavior-altering parasites)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲ ꯅꯠꯆ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯲ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯍꯣꯁꯠꯁꯤꯡ (ꯌꯨꯝꯄꯨꯁꯤꯡ)ꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄꯦꯔꯦꯁꯥꯢꯠꯁ (ꯃꯤꯄꯥꯜ ꯇꯥꯡꯕ ꯊꯋꯥꯢ ꯄꯥꯟꯕꯁꯤꯡ) ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯔꯨꯔꯤꯕ ꯌꯨꯝꯄꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯆꯠ ꯁꯥꯆꯠ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯗ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡ ꯆꯥꯅꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯑꯣꯜꯍꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯄꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ(ꯐꯤꯔꯦꯞ) ꯂꯦꯞꯄ ꯉꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯌꯥꯢ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯅ ꯆꯩꯊꯦꯡ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯄꯜꯂꯕꯗ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯕꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯓꯣꯑꯥ, ꯚꯥꯢꯔꯁ, ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯥ-ꯉꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯋꯥꯡ ꯌꯧꯟ ꯗꯥꯢ ꯃꯥꯢꯄꯥꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ

**ꯋꯥꯡ ꯌꯧꯟ ꯗꯥꯢ  ꯃꯥꯢꯄꯥꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ (Whang Youn Dai Achievement Award)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯗꯥ.ꯋꯥꯡ ꯌꯧꯟ ꯗꯥꯢ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯳ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯌꯣ ꯅꯥꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄ ꯄꯥꯔꯥꯑꯣꯂꯤꯝꯄꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ (ꯁꯣꯢꯅꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯂꯤꯝꯄꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ) ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯄꯄꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯗ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯑꯣꯜꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯱꯹꯸꯸ ꯄꯥꯔꯥꯑꯣꯂꯤꯝꯄꯤꯛ ꯀꯥꯂꯦꯟꯊꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ (1988 Paralympic Summer Games) ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯥꯑꯣꯂꯤꯝꯄꯤꯛ ꯂꯨꯞ (International Paralympic Committee)(IPC)ꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯥꯑꯣꯂꯤꯝꯄꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯗ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯄꯕꯨ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯕꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯋꯥꯡ ꯌꯧꯟ ꯗꯥꯢ ꯃꯥꯢꯄꯥꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ (ꯍꯥꯟꯅ "ꯋꯥꯡ ꯌꯧꯟ ꯗꯥꯢ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ/Whang Youn Dai Overcome Prize) ꯄꯨ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯐ꯭ꯂꯥꯢꯕꯥꯢ (ꯁꯨꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯪꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯢꯕꯤ)

**ꯐ꯭ꯂꯥꯢꯕꯥꯢ (ꯐ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯥꯏ)(flyby)** (/ˈflaɪˌbaɪ/) ꯑꯁꯤ  ꯁꯨꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯪꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯢꯕꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯁꯨꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯪꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯢꯕꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯈꯝ ꯊꯦꯡꯅ ꯅꯛꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯗ ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯠꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯨꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯪꯕꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯀꯨꯞꯊꯅ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯨꯝꯖꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯢ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯆꯠꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗ ꯏꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯏꯟꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯅꯕ ꯁꯥꯐꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯒꯜꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ (ꯐꯤꯂꯤꯞꯄꯤꯟ꯭ꯁ)

**ꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ (Independence Day)** (Filipino: Araw ng Kasarinlán; ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ Araw ng Kalayaan, "ꯅꯤꯡꯈꯥ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ") ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯂꯤꯞꯄꯤꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯥꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ (ꯍꯣꯂꯤꯗꯦ)ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯖꯨꯟ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯱꯲ꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯱꯸꯹꯸ꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯂꯤꯞꯄꯤꯟꯁꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯝꯈꯤꯕꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯅꯤ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ (ꯀꯣꯅꯤ ꯏꯊꯠ, ꯱꯹꯰꯳)

**ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ (Luna Park)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯌꯣꯔ꯭ꯛ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯨꯛꯂꯤꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯀꯣꯅꯤ ꯏꯊꯠꯒꯤ ꯍꯔꯥꯎ ꯅꯨꯉꯥꯢꯐꯝ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯹꯰꯳ ꯗ ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯱꯹꯴꯴ꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯍꯧꯈꯤ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯓꯨꯔꯣꯡ (ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ)

**ꯓꯨꯔꯣꯡ (Zhurong)** (Chinese: 祝融; pinyin: Zhùróng) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ 
ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯊꯄꯤ (ꯃꯥꯔ꯭ꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯦꯠ)ꯇ ꯈꯣꯡꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯣꯠ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯌꯥꯟꯋꯦꯟ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯱ꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯊꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯃꯥꯢꯗ ꯇꯥꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯊꯄꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯅꯤ꯫ ꯓꯨꯔꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯲꯱ꯒꯤ ꯃꯦ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯡ ꯲꯲ꯗ ꯄꯨꯡ 02:40 UTC ꯇꯥꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯈꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯥꯢꯀꯥꯎꯛ꯭ꯁ-ꯄꯦꯔꯔꯤꯌꯥꯎꯛ꯭ꯁ ꯃꯅꯤꯟ ꯚꯦꯂꯣꯁꯤꯄꯦꯗ

**ꯃꯥꯢꯀꯥꯎꯛ꯭ꯁ-ꯄꯦꯔꯔꯤꯌꯥꯎꯛ꯭ꯁ ꯃꯅꯤꯟ ꯚꯦꯂꯣꯁꯤꯄꯦꯗ (Michaux-Perreaux steam velocipede)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯟ ꯅ ꯆꯠꯍꯟꯕ ꯚꯦꯂꯣꯁꯤꯄꯦꯗ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯱꯸꯶꯷ ꯇꯒꯤ ꯱꯸꯷꯱ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯑꯁ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯣꯇꯣꯔꯁꯥꯢꯀꯜ ꯳ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢ ꯏꯍꯥꯟ ꯍꯥꯟꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯔꯣꯄꯔ ꯃꯅꯤꯟ ꯚꯦꯂꯣꯁꯤꯄꯦꯗ (Roper steam velocipede) (꯱꯸꯶꯷-꯱꯸꯶꯸) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯩꯍꯧꯅꯅꯕ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯗꯦꯝꯂꯦꯔ ꯔꯩꯇ꯭ꯋꯥꯒꯦꯟ (Internal combustion engine Daimler Reitwagen) (꯱꯸꯸꯵) ꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ

**ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯃꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ (Abstract photography)** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯅꯠꯇꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ (non-objective)** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯆꯥꯡꯌꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ (experimental or conceptual photography)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯇꯥꯢꯄꯪꯄꯥꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯇꯁꯦꯡ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯅꯠꯇꯕ ꯗꯨ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯗ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯅꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯀꯥꯞꯅꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯈꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯃꯆꯦꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯍꯟꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯣꯢꯕ ꯅꯠꯇꯕ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯅ ꯁꯥꯒꯠꯄ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯆꯨ, ꯃꯉꯥꯜ, ꯃꯃꯤ, ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯍꯨꯜ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯅꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ, ꯑꯃꯝꯕ ꯀꯥ, ꯀꯝꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯀꯌꯥꯁꯨ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯁꯨꯛꯁꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯅ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ (ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ) ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯆꯦ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯀꯝꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯔꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯛꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅ ꯍꯦꯛꯇ ꯆꯤꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯒ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯖꯨꯢꯁ ꯖꯦꯛꯀꯤꯡ

**ꯖꯨꯢꯁ ꯖꯦꯛꯀꯤꯡ (Juice jacking)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯝꯄ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯗ ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯥꯔꯛꯄ (cyber attack) ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯆꯥꯔꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯅꯕ ꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯆꯥꯔꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯅꯕ ꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯦꯛ ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯒ ꯲ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯅ ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯕꯤ. (USB) ꯗ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯜꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯥ

**ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯨꯝꯕꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯁꯇ꯭ꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯳꯵ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯏꯗꯣꯛꯏ, ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯱꯲,꯶꯱,꯸꯹,꯶꯷꯳ ꯁꯨꯔꯦ, ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯋꯥꯔ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯳꯰,꯷꯷,꯱꯸꯳ ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯥꯊꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯂꯕ ꯂꯣꯏꯂꯪꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯁꯨꯃꯤꯗꯧꯔꯣ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ

**ꯁꯨꯃꯤꯗꯧꯔꯣ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ (Sumidouro State Park)** (ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯤꯁ: Parque Estadual do Sumidouro) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯖꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯅꯥꯁ ꯒꯦꯔꯥꯢꯁ ꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯖꯤꯜꯗ ꯏꯍꯥꯟ ꯍꯥꯟꯅ ꯃꯤ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯝꯍꯧꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝ ꯐꯪꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯱꯹ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ now-extinct megafaunaꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯤꯉꯥꯢ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯗꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯇꯥ ꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯄꯤꯟꯍꯥ (Gruta da Lapinha) ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯝꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯟ ꯁꯨꯔꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯖꯦꯔꯨꯁꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯁ

**ꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯁ ꯱ (Justus I)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯋꯤꯁ ꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯔꯨꯁꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯳ꯁꯨꯕ ꯕꯤꯁꯣꯞ (ꯂꯝꯕꯣꯢꯕ) ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯖꯁꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯁꯥꯒꯠꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯤ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯊ꯭ꯔꯨ ꯏꯟꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ

**ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯊ꯭ꯔꯨ ꯏꯟꯐꯦꯛꯁꯟ (breakthrough infection)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯥꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯅꯅꯕ ꯀꯥꯞꯂꯤꯕ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛꯇꯨ ꯀꯥꯞꯅ ꯀꯥꯞꯅ ꯑꯅꯥꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯅꯥꯔꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯝꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯢ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯉꯝꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯊꯣꯛꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯜ ꯲꯰꯲꯱ ꯗ ꯁꯤꯗꯤꯁꯤ (CDC) ꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯗ ꯀꯣꯚꯤꯗ-꯱꯹ ꯅꯥꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯵꯸꯱꯴ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯷꯴ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯚꯤꯗ-꯱꯹ ꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅ ꯀꯥꯞꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯷꯵ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯇꯨꯇꯥꯟꯈꯥꯃꯨꯟꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯝꯄꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ

**ꯇꯨꯇꯥꯟꯈꯥꯃꯨꯟꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯝꯄꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ (Tutankhamun's trumpets)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯸ꯁꯨꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯁꯥꯒꯩꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯇꯨꯇꯥꯟꯈꯥꯃꯨꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯡꯐꯝꯗ ꯐꯪꯂꯛꯄ ꯇ꯭ꯝꯄꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯝꯄꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯨꯄꯥ (ꯁꯤꯜꯚꯔ) ꯑꯃꯒ ꯁꯦꯟꯖꯦꯡ (ꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯟ꯭ꯖ)(ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯀꯣꯔꯤ/ꯀꯣꯞꯄꯔ) ꯑꯃꯒꯅ ꯁꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯔꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯝꯄꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯡꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯍꯤꯒꯣꯛ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ

**ꯍꯤꯒꯣꯛ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ (Blue space)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯅꯝꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯗ ꯑꯣꯢ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯩꯁꯥꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯕ ꯑꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯦꯛ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯀꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯔꯥꯍ ꯏ. ꯒꯨꯗꯦ

**ꯁꯔꯥꯍ ꯏꯂꯤꯁꯥꯕꯦꯊ ꯒꯨꯗꯦ (Sarah Elisabeth Goode)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯇꯦꯟꯠ ꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ (MOST) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯪꯕ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯥ-ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯸꯸꯵ꯇ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯖꯨꯗꯤ ꯋ. ꯔꯤꯗ (ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯲꯳, ꯱꯸꯸꯴) ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯂꯦꯠꯚꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ

**ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯂꯦꯠꯚꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ (Proclamation Day of the Republic of Latvia)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯕꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯱꯸ꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯱꯹꯱꯸ꯗ ꯂꯦꯠꯚꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕꯅ ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯦꯠꯚꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯄꯨ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯓꯨꯓꯨ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯦꯜ

**ꯓꯨꯓꯨ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯦꯜ (ꯓꯨꯂꯩꯀꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯖꯣꯟ꯭ꯁ)(Zuleika Angel Jones)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯖꯤꯜ-ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯑꯀꯦ ꯑꯃꯧꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯖꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯠ ꯃꯤꯅꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯋꯥꯔꯠ ꯅꯝꯐꯨꯗ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟꯈꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯌꯝ

**ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯌꯝ (Waterworks Museum)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠꯅꯠ ꯆꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯦꯟ

**ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯦꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯊꯠ ꯷꯹꯰ ꯂꯣꯝ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯅꯤ, ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯋꯥꯔ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯷꯷,꯸꯳꯳ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯵꯴,꯶꯳,꯳꯰꯰ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯹ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯩꯍꯤ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯂꯤꯡꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ
ꯀꯤꯝ ꯖꯣꯡ-ꯎꯟ

**ꯀꯤꯝ ꯖꯣꯡ-ꯎꯟ**  (;  ;  ;  ꯱꯹꯸꯲ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯱꯹꯸꯳ ꯖꯥꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯸ ꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯨꯆꯤꯡꯄꯨꯔꯦꯜꯅꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯥꯏꯓꯣꯜ

**ꯑꯥꯏꯓꯣꯜ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ:  /aɪˈzɔːl/; Mizo:  [ˈʌɪ̯.ˈzɔːl] ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯓꯣꯔꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯥꯏꯓꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯸꯹꯰ ꯐꯦꯕꯔꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯲꯵ ꯗ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯲,꯹꯳,꯴꯱꯶ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯓꯣꯔꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯜꯅꯤ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯢꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯏꯅ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯓꯣꯔꯥꯝ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ
ꯆꯩꯅꯥ (ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ)

**ꯆꯩꯅꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ (ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ/ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ (ꯐꯤꯜꯝ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅꯥꯝ ꯒꯧꯇꯝ (ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥꯝ ꯒꯧꯇꯝ)ꯅ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ-ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯅꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ

## ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ

Each Wikipedia has a code, which is used as a subdomain below wikipedia.org. Interlanguage links are sorted by that code. The codes represent the language codes defined by ISO 639-1 and ISO 639-3, and the decision of which language code to use is usually determined by the IETF language tag policy. Wikipedias also vary by how thinly they slice dialects and variants; for example, the English Wikipedia includes most modern varieties of English (American, British, Indian, South African, etc.), but does not include other related languages such as Scots or Old English/Anglo-Saxon, both of which have separate Wikipedias. The Spanish Wikipedia includes both Peninsular Castilian and Latin American Spanish; Malay Wikipedia includes a large number of Malay languages; and so on.

Additionally, some Wikipedias vary in orthography. Chinese Wikipedia automatically translates from modern Mandarin Chinese into five standard forms: Mainland China and Singapore in simplified Chinese characters, and Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau in traditional Chinese characters. Belarusian, however, has a separate Wikipedia for the Taraškievica variant in spelling.

### ꯂꯦꯞꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯗꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ

ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯁꯑꯣ ꯀꯣꯗ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯣꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯆꯟꯕ: 
 

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯃꯄꯨ ꯀꯜꯂꯦ

**ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯃꯄꯨ ꯀꯜꯂꯦ ([[ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ]]ꯗ: God Nerie þā Cwēne, ꯒꯣꯗ ꯅꯦꯔꯤ ꯁꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯋꯤꯅꯤ, [[ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ|ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ]]ꯗ: God Save the Queen, ꯒꯣꯗ ꯁꯦꯚ ꯗ ꯀ꯭ꯋꯤꯟ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ. ꯀꯨꯝ ꯱꯷꯴꯵ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁꯩ ꯑꯣꯢꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ **"ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯄꯨ ꯀꯜꯂꯦ"([[ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ]]ꯗ: God nerie þone cyning, ꯒꯣꯗ ꯅꯦꯔꯤ ꯋꯥꯟ ꯁꯤꯅꯤꯡ, [[ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ|ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ]]ꯗ: God Save the King, ꯒꯣꯗ ꯁꯦꯚ ꯗ ꯀꯤꯡ)** ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯑꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫

## ꯏꯁꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ

### ꯂꯦꯝꯖꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ
:God save our gracious Queen,
:Long live our noble Queen,
:God save the Queen:
:Send her victorious,
:Happy and glorious,
:Long to reign over us:
:God save the Queen.

:O Lord, our God, arise,
:Scatter her enemies,
:And make them fall.
:Confound their politics,
:Frustrate their knavish tricks,
:On thee our hopes we fix:
:God save us all.

:Thy choicest gifts in store,
:On her be pleased to pour;
:Long may she reign:
:May she defend our laws,
:And ever give us cause
:*To sing with heart and voice*
:*God save the Queen.*

### ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ: "God Save the King"
:God save great George our king
:God save our noble king,
:God save the king!
:Send him victorious
:Happy and glorious
:Long to reign over us
:God save the king!

### ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟꯗꯥ
:O Deus optime
:Salvum nunc facito
:Regem nostrum
:Sic laeta victoria
:Comes et gloria
:Salvum iam facito
:Tu dominum.

### ꯀꯦꯅꯥꯗꯥꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ꯭ꯆꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯗꯥ
:Dieu protège la Reine
:De sa main souveraine !
:Vive la Reine !
:Qu'un règne glorieux,
:Long et victorieux
:Rende son peuple heureux.
:Vive la Reine !

### ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯓꯤꯑꯦꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯎꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯗꯥ
:Me tohu e t'Atua
:To matou Kuini pai:
:Kia ora ia
:Meinga kia maia ia,
:Kia hari nui, kia koa,
:Kia kuini tonu ia,
:Tau tini noa.

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ

**ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ (ꯑꯦꯡꯒ꯭ꯂꯣ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ)(ꯑꯦꯡꯒ꯭ꯂꯤꯁ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯋꯦꯜꯁ (ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ)

**ꯋꯦꯜꯁ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯴ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯋꯦꯜꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ
ꯋꯦꯜꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ

**ꯋꯦꯜꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ** (Welsh language) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯦꯜꯁ (ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ)ꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯢꯁꯪꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ. ꯀꯨꯝ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤ ꯷,꯰꯰,꯰꯰꯰ꯃꯨꯛꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯕꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯣꯟ
ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯂꯦꯟ

ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯂꯦꯟ (ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯗ: Tuaisceart Éireann, ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠ꯭ꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯗ: Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯂꯦꯟ ꯏꯊꯠꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ

ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ (ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯜ) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯒꯦꯢꯂꯤꯛ (ꯒꯦꯏꯂꯤꯛ) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯒꯦꯢꯂꯤꯒꯦ (ꯒꯦꯏꯂꯤꯒꯦ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯜꯇꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠ꯭ꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ

ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠ꯭ꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯖꯔꯃꯅꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯗ Lowland Scots ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ Lallans ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯀ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯀ ꯌꯥꯝ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ

ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯃꯈꯜꯒꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ (ꯗꯥꯢꯂꯦꯛꯠ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯀ ꯈꯣꯜꯍꯥꯢ ꯈꯣꯟꯗꯥ (ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯟꯠ), ꯂꯣꯟꯃꯤꯠ (ꯒ꯭ꯔꯝꯃꯥꯔ) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯚꯣꯀꯦꯚꯨꯂꯔꯤ (ꯂꯣꯟꯆꯟ ꯄꯊꯥꯞ) ꯇ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯕ ꯎꯕ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ

ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯌꯨꯀꯦ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ (ꯗꯥꯢꯂꯦꯛꯠ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯀ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯩ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ

ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ (ꯗꯥꯢꯂꯦꯛꯠ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯀ ꯈꯦꯟꯅꯩ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯎ ꯊꯝꯕꯥꯜ (ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ)

**ꯎ ꯊꯝꯕꯥꯜ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ (ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ/ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ (ꯐꯤꯜꯝ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅꯥꯝ ꯒꯧꯇꯝ (ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥꯝ ꯒꯧꯇꯝ)ꯅ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ-ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯅꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯀꯩ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯀꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯡ ꯱,꯰꯰꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯂꯩ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ
ꯆꯦꯛ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ

**ꯆꯦꯛ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ** ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯀꯩ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯀꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯡ ꯱꯰꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ
ꯂꯥꯜ ꯕꯍꯥꯗꯨꯔ ꯁꯥꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯇꯝꯐꯝ

**ꯂꯥꯜ ꯕꯍꯥꯗꯨꯔ ꯁꯥꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯇꯝꯐꯝ** (**Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration**)  (**LBSNAA**) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜ ꯇꯝꯐꯝꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯇꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯊꯧꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕ ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯑꯦꯁ ꯐꯥꯎꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯦ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯅꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯄꯔꯁꯅꯦꯜ, ꯄ꯭ꯕꯂꯤꯛ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯚꯥꯟꯆꯦꯁ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯟꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯱꯹꯸꯵ ꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯑꯦꯁ ꯇꯝꯐꯝ
ꯁꯦꯕꯨꯑꯥꯅꯣ ꯂꯣꯟ

ꯂꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯕꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ 
## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯂꯣꯟꯃꯤꯠ

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯕꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯣꯟ
ꯂꯥꯜ ꯕꯍꯥꯗꯨꯔ ꯁꯥꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ

**ꯂꯥꯜ ꯕꯍꯥꯗꯨꯔ ꯁꯥꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ** (**Lal Bahadur Shastri**) (ꯈꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛ [lɑːl bəˈhɑːd̪ʊɾ ˈʃɑːst̪ɾi] (listen), ꯱꯹꯰꯴ ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ ꯲&nbsp;– ꯱꯹꯶꯶ ꯖꯥꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯱꯱) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯝ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯶꯵ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯉꯧꯕ ꯌꯥꯋꯣꯜ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯂꯝꯃꯤ-ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯪꯒꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯪꯕ ꯌꯥꯋꯣꯜ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯏꯅꯣꯠ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯄꯟꯖꯥꯞ, ꯍꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯄꯤꯗ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯍꯟꯂꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯝ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔ
ꯕꯣꯜꯂꯤꯋꯨꯗ

**ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ**, ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯏꯅ **ꯕꯣꯜꯂꯤꯋꯨꯗ** ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ **ꯕꯣꯝꯕꯦ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯅ ꯍꯥꯟꯅ ꯀꯧꯔꯝꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯄꯅꯥ** (**District**)  ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯝ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯅꯕ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯂꯝ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯈꯥꯏꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯗꯨꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯅꯥ
ꯄꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯖꯕꯥꯁꯤ

**ꯄꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯖꯕꯥꯁꯤ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯄꯥꯎꯅꯝ ꯅꯥꯋꯣꯜ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯂꯥꯟꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯱꯸꯳꯳ꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯟꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯦꯖꯔꯒꯤ ꯐꯝ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯱꯸꯹꯱ ꯗ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯍꯣꯃꯦꯟ ꯗꯤ' ꯋꯥꯢ

**ꯍꯣꯃꯦꯟ ꯗꯤ' ꯋꯥꯢ** (ꯋꯥꯏꯈꯣꯝ ꯍꯣꯃꯦꯟ)  ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ/ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ)ꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯂꯣꯢ (ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ), ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯏꯕ (ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯞꯠ ꯔꯥꯢꯇꯔ) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯩ ꯁꯩꯊꯥꯂꯣꯟ (ꯁꯨꯔ) ꯄꯥꯟꯕ (ꯂꯤꯔꯤꯁꯤꯁꯠ)ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯥꯃꯩꯔꯥꯛꯄꯝ ꯀꯨꯟꯖꯔꯥꯅꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ

**ꯅꯥꯃꯩꯔꯥꯛꯄꯝ ꯀꯨꯟꯖꯔꯥꯅꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯄꯨꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯢꯗꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯤ ꯁꯛꯅꯥꯢꯔꯕꯤ ꯃꯤꯊꯣꯢ ꯃꯤꯍꯦꯟꯕꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯠꯄ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯅꯤꯉꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯖꯥꯚꯥꯗ ꯅꯦꯀꯧꯅꯥꯝ

**ꯖꯥꯚꯥꯠ ꯅꯦꯀꯧꯅꯥꯝ** (ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ: جواد نکونام‎; ꯱꯹꯸꯰ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯩꯝꯕꯔ ꯷ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯔꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯐꯨꯠꯕꯣꯜ ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯆꯦꯟꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯊꯔꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯨꯂꯥꯗ ꯑꯦꯐꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯔꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯤꯉꯣꯝꯕꯝ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ

**ꯅꯤꯉꯣꯝꯕꯝ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯝ (Ningombam Prem)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯃꯥꯟꯕ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇ ꯎꯞꯁꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯃꯀꯨ ꯁꯥꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯔꯣꯕꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯜꯂꯤꯋꯨꯗꯀꯤ ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯟ ꯃꯦꯟ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯨꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯢꯗꯥꯖꯔꯨꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ **"ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯅꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ꯭ꯛ" (Tony Stark of Manipur)** ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯤꯁꯣꯔꯆꯟꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯦꯝ

**ꯀꯤꯁꯣꯔꯆꯟꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯦꯝ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎ ꯈꯣꯝꯗꯣꯛ ꯈꯣꯝꯖꯝꯟ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯇꯤꯚꯤ ꯀꯦꯕꯜ ꯅꯦꯠꯋꯔꯛ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯲꯰꯱꯸ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯊꯣꯝꯕꯝ ꯕꯤꯔꯦꯟꯅ ꯓꯥꯟꯁꯤ ꯀꯤ ꯔꯥꯅꯤꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯄ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯎꯕꯗ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯐꯝꯄꯥꯛ (ꯁꯣꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ) ꯗ ꯕꯤꯔꯦꯟꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯊꯈꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯏꯍꯧ ꯑꯃ ꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯏꯔꯣꯝ ꯃꯥꯢꯄꯥꯛ

**ꯏꯔꯣꯝ ꯃꯥꯢꯄꯥꯛ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯅꯥꯢꯔꯕ ꯁꯤꯅꯤꯃꯥꯇꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯗꯒꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ All Manipur Cinematographers Associationꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯠꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ (ꯐꯤꯜꯝ) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯦꯂꯦꯚꯤꯁꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯳꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ National Film Award for Best Non-Feature Film Cinematography ꯄꯨ ꯴꯹ꯁꯨꯕ National Film Awardsꯗ ꯐꯪꯂꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯲꯰꯲꯱ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯣꯚꯤꯗ-꯱꯹ꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯒ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯗ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯊꯣꯛꯆꯣꯝ ꯃꯩꯅ꯭ꯌ

**ꯊꯣꯛꯆꯣꯝ ꯃꯩꯅ꯭ꯌ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯛ ꯁꯚꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ (ꯃꯦꯝꯕꯔ) ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ (ꯏꯟꯅꯔ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯩꯔꯥ ꯄꯥꯢꯕꯤ

**ꯃꯩꯔꯥ ꯄꯥꯢꯕꯤ (ꯃꯩꯔꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯕꯤ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ)ꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ)ꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯍꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯜ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯋꯥꯢꯔꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯢ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯄ ꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯤꯡꯗꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯀꯗꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯛ ꯁꯦꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯇ ꯃꯩꯔꯥ ꯄꯥꯢꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯩꯔꯥ ꯄꯥꯏꯕꯤ
ꯅꯤꯉꯣꯝꯕꯝ ꯕꯨꯄꯦꯟꯗ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ

**ꯅꯤꯉꯣꯝꯕꯝ ꯕꯨꯄꯦꯟꯗ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ)ꯀꯤ ꯑꯏꯕ, ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯡ ꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯝꯕꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯗ ꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯔꯣꯃꯤ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ

**ꯔꯣꯃꯤ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯁꯩ ꯁꯩꯊꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯧꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯛꯄꯝ ꯍꯦꯃꯟꯇ

**ꯁꯧꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯛꯄꯝ ꯍꯦꯃꯟꯇ (ꯑꯣꯖꯥ ꯇꯣꯜꯍꯟ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯨꯃꯥꯡ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯅꯥꯢꯔꯕ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯨꯃꯥꯡ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯑꯣꯖꯥ ꯇꯣꯜꯍꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯔꯒ "ꯑꯣꯖꯥ ꯇꯣꯜꯍꯟ" ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ "ꯇꯣꯜꯍꯟ" ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒꯁꯨ ꯊꯣꯢꯗꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯟꯗꯛ ꯏꯀꯨꯢ ꯀꯨꯢꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯪꯗ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯩꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯁꯅꯥꯖꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯥꯢꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯟꯖꯝ ꯑꯣꯂꯦꯟ

**ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯟꯖꯝ ꯑꯣꯂꯦꯟ (ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯟꯖꯝ ꯑꯣꯂꯦꯟ)** (ꯇꯥ ꯇꯣꯝꯕ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯅꯥꯢꯔꯕ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯢꯊꯦꯝ ꯄꯍꯥꯔꯤ

**ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯢꯊꯦꯝ ꯄꯍꯥꯔꯤ** (ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏꯊꯦꯝ ꯆꯤꯠꯇꯔꯟꯖꯟ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯅꯥꯢꯔꯕ ꯁꯩꯁꯛꯄ, ꯏꯁꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯏꯕ, ꯏꯁꯩ ꯁꯩꯊꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ, ꯑꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯏꯍꯧ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯁꯩꯁꯛꯄ
ꯈꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯥꯁꯤ

ꯈꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯥꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ (ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ/ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ) ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯀꯨꯝꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ
ꯒꯧꯔꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

thumb|ꯒꯧꯔꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ
**ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ ꯒꯧꯔꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯀꯥꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯝ (ꯐꯨꯠꯕꯣꯜ) ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯏꯔꯨꯡꯕꯝ ꯁꯨꯔꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

**ꯏꯔꯨꯡꯕꯝ ꯁꯨꯔꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯀꯥꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯝ (ꯐꯨꯠꯕꯣꯜ) ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯣꯀ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯖꯣꯢ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

**ꯑꯣꯀ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯖꯣꯢ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯤꯄꯜ'ꯁ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯢ ꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯣꯀ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯏꯕꯣꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

**ꯑꯣꯀ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯏꯕꯣꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯨꯡꯕ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ (ꯆꯤꯐ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ)ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯲꯰꯰꯲ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯷ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯁꯦꯂꯨꯡꯕ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯑꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯔꯥꯖꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯕꯤꯗꯨꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

**ꯔꯥꯖꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯕꯤꯗꯨꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯛ (ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕ) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯢ (ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯁꯣꯁꯥꯢꯇꯤ) ꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯪꯂꯣꯢ (ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯁꯠ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯔꯦꯅꯦꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

**ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯪꯕꯝ ꯔꯦꯅꯦꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯀꯥꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯝ (ꯐꯨꯠꯕꯥꯜ) ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯗ ꯊꯣꯢꯗꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ ꯃꯅꯤꯔꯥꯝ ꯁꯤꯡꯍꯥ

**ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ ꯃꯅꯤꯔꯥꯝ ꯁꯤꯡꯍꯥ (Moirangthem Maniram Singha)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯥꯃꯤꯁ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯂꯣꯢ, ꯂꯝꯆꯤꯡ ꯂꯝꯇꯥꯛꯂꯣꯢ, ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯂꯈꯤꯝꯄꯨꯔꯗꯒꯤꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯝ ꯗꯃꯣꯗꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

**ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯝ ꯗꯃꯣꯗꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯚꯛꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯋꯔꯨꯄ ꯗꯃꯣꯗꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯋꯥꯃꯤ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯄꯥꯗ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯧꯔ꯭ꯌ ꯚꯩꯁ꯭ꯅꯚ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯢ, ꯑꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯧꯕꯨꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯆꯥ (ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯃꯆꯥ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯥꯢꯃꯣꯜ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ

ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) ꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯤ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ (ꯍꯥꯎ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ
ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯋꯥꯢꯈꯨ ꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤ ꯅꯦꯕꯨꯂꯥ

**ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯋꯥꯢꯈꯨ ꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤ ꯅꯦꯕꯨꯂꯥ (Southern Crab Nebula)** (ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ WRAY-16-47 ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ Hen 2-104) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯥꯎꯔꯁ ꯊꯋꯥꯟꯃꯤꯆꯥꯛ ꯁꯤꯡꯄꯨꯜꯀꯤ ꯅꯦꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯠ ꯌꯔ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯞꯄ ꯃꯐꯝꯗ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯛ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗ ꯋꯥꯢꯈꯨ ꯃꯥꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯅꯣꯡꯊꯧꯗ ꯋꯥꯢꯈꯨ ꯃꯥꯟꯕꯤ ꯅꯦꯕꯨꯂꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯍꯨꯢꯔꯦꯝ ꯁꯤꯃꯥ

ꯍꯨꯢꯔꯦꯝ ꯁꯤꯃꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ (ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ/ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ) ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯀꯨꯝꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ
ꯑꯥꯢꯃꯣꯜ ꯂꯣꯟ

**ꯑꯥꯢꯃꯣꯜ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯤ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞ (ꯍꯥꯎ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ) ꯑꯃꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯂꯣꯟꯃꯤꯠ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ
꯲꯳ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥ: ꯉꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ

꯲꯳ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥ: ꯉꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ/ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯁꯝꯂꯞꯄ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ
## ꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯗꯤꯟꯗꯤꯒꯨꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯗꯤꯟꯗꯤꯒꯨꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯳꯸ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯸꯵ ꯇ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯲꯱꯵꯹꯷꯵꯵ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯫ ꯗꯤꯟꯗꯤꯒꯨꯜ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯶꯲꯶꯶.꯶꯴&nbsp;km²ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯇꯥꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯔꯤꯁꯥꯡ ꯀꯩꯁꯤꯡ

**ꯔꯤꯁꯥꯡ ꯀꯩꯁꯤꯡ** (꯱꯹꯲꯰ ꯑꯣꯛꯇꯣꯕꯔ ꯲꯵ – ꯲꯰꯱꯷ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯇ ꯲꯲) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯶ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯤꯐ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯎꯈ꯭ꯔꯨꯜ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯕ ꯕꯨꯡꯄꯥ ꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯐ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯐꯝ ꯑꯅꯤꯔꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯱꯹꯸꯰-꯱꯹꯸꯸ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯹꯹꯴-꯱꯹꯹꯷ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯑꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯌꯥꯡꯃꯥꯁꯣ ꯁꯥꯏꯓꯥ

**ꯌꯥꯡꯃꯥꯁꯣ ꯁꯥꯏꯓꯥ** (**Yangmaso Shaiza**)  (꯱꯹꯲꯳-꯱꯹꯸꯴) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯎꯈ꯭ꯔꯨꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯝꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯵ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯤꯐ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔꯅꯤ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯕꯨꯔꯣꯏ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯁꯨꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯑꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯍꯪꯃꯤꯂꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯓꯥ

**ꯍꯪꯃꯤꯂꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯓꯥ** (**Hangmila Shaiza**)  (꯱꯹꯲꯰ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯱꯹ – ꯱꯹꯹꯷ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯇ ꯳) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯂꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯹꯰ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯹꯹꯱ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯎꯈ꯭ꯔꯨꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯝꯑꯦꯂꯦ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯖꯅꯥꯇ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤ

**ꯖꯅꯥꯇ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤ** (**Janata Party**) ( **JP**, ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ *ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯞ*) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯕ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯝ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯔꯥ ꯒꯥꯟꯙꯤꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯷꯵ - ꯱꯹꯷꯷ ꯇ ꯑꯦꯃꯔꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯛꯇ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯱꯹꯷꯷ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯈꯜꯗ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯄꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯖꯅꯥꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯃꯣꯔꯥꯔꯖꯤ ꯗꯦꯁꯥꯏꯅ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯝ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯀꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ ꯅꯠꯇꯕ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯕ ꯂꯨꯞ
ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯁꯥꯌꯣꯟ (ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ)

**ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯁꯥꯌꯣꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ/ꯃꯩꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯝꯂꯞꯄ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ
ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯎꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗꯤ ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ, ꯊꯨꯝꯂꯩꯃ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯂꯩꯃ/ꯏꯔꯩꯃ), ꯃꯈꯣꯢ ꯴ꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯗ ꯅꯣꯡꯀꯨꯝꯂꯨꯅꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯅ ꯌꯥꯊꯪꯂꯛꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯗ ꯅꯣꯡꯀꯨꯝꯗꯨꯅ ꯇꯥꯢꯄꯪ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯆꯥꯛꯍꯣꯡ ꯉꯥꯍꯣꯡꯍꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛꯂꯛꯏ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜꯗ ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯡꯆꯥꯝꯄꯒ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯔꯛꯏ ꯫

## ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ

* ꯀꯥꯢꯀꯨ ꯔꯥꯖꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ
* ꯂꯤꯂꯥꯕꯇꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ

## ꯑꯔꯣꯟꯕ ꯋꯥ

ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯎꯅꯨꯄꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯀꯧꯄꯂꯨ (ꯀꯧꯕ꯭ꯔꯨ) ꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯖꯥꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯅ ꯂꯣꯟꯆꯠ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯗ ꯊꯥꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯇ ꯑꯀꯣꯡꯖꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯎꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯏ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ ꯫
ꯂꯩꯀꯦ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁ

**Lieke Elisabeth Petronella Martensꯂꯩꯀꯦ ꯏꯂꯤꯁꯥꯕꯦꯊ ꯄꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯂꯤꯅ ꯃꯥꯔꯇꯦꯟꯁ** RON (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈlikə ʔeːˈlisaːbɛt peːtroːˈnɛlaː ˈmɑrtəns]; born 16 December 1992), ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯠꯁꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯐꯨꯠꯕꯣꯜ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕꯥꯔꯁꯦꯂꯣꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯊꯔꯂꯦꯟ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯝꯗ ꯃꯌꯥꯢ-ꯆꯦꯟꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏꯅꯤ ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯝ
ꯋꯥꯍꯦꯡꯕꯝ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯃꯆꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

**ꯋꯥꯍꯦꯡꯕꯝ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯃꯆꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** (꯱꯹꯳꯰ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯱꯷ – ꯲꯰꯱꯲ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯱꯷) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯹ꯁꯨꯕ ꯁꯤꯐ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯦꯡꯕꯝ ꯅꯤꯄꯥꯃꯆꯥꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯹꯷ꯗ ꯔꯤꯁꯥꯡ ꯀꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯟꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯀꯪꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯐ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯑꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯔꯥꯙꯕꯤꯅꯣꯗ ꯀꯣꯏꯖꯝ

**ꯔꯥꯙꯕꯤꯅꯣꯗ ꯀꯣꯏꯖꯝ** (**Radhabinod Koijam**)  (꯱꯹꯴꯸ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯱꯹ꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯰꯱, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯱꯰ꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯐ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯑꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯣꯜꯂꯤꯋꯨꯗ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯀꯨꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ

ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰-꯱꯰ ꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯕꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯀꯨꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯟꯅ ꯄꯤꯖꯔꯤ:
[thumb|204x204px|[ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯌꯦꯟ꯭ꯁ ꯀꯨꯞꯄꯔ (Patience Cooper) (꯱꯹꯲꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰)]]
[thumb|231x231px|[ꯗꯦꯋꯤꯀꯥ ꯔꯥꯅꯤ (Devika Rani) (꯱꯹꯳꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰)]]
[thumb|265x265px|[ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯦꯈ (Asha Parekh) (꯱꯹꯶꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰)]]
[thumb|263x263px|[ꯍꯦꯃꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯤꯅꯤ (Hema Malini) (꯱꯹꯷꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰)]]
[thumb|233x233px|[ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯦꯚꯤ (Sridevi) (꯱꯹꯸꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰)]]
[thumb|190x190px|[ꯃꯥꯙꯨꯔꯤ ꯗꯤꯛꯁꯤꯠ (Madhuri Dixit) (꯱꯹꯹꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰)]]
[thumb|245x245px|[ꯑꯥꯢꯁ꯭ꯋꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯔꯥꯢ (Aishwarya Rai Bachchan) (꯲꯰꯰꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰)]]
[thumb|244x244px|[ꯗꯤꯄꯤꯀꯥ ꯄꯥꯗꯨꯀꯣꯟ (Deepika Padukone) (꯲꯰꯱꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰)]]

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯥꯝ ꯑꯥꯗꯃꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤ

**ꯑꯥꯝ ꯑꯥꯗꯃꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤ** (**Aam Aadmi Party**)  (**AAP**; ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯕ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯲ ꯗ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯜꯍꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ ꯃꯤꯈꯜꯗ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯀꯥꯕ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯕ ꯂꯨꯞ
ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯌꯦꯟ꯭ꯁ ꯀꯨꯞꯄꯔ

**ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯌꯦꯟ꯭ꯁ ꯀꯨꯞꯄꯔ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯜꯂꯤꯋꯨꯗ (ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ) ꯀꯨꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯱꯹꯲꯰ꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰ ꯗ ꯕꯣꯜꯂꯤꯋꯨꯗꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯕꯥꯢꯖꯥꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ

**ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯕꯥꯢꯖꯥꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡ** (/ˌæzərbaɪˈdʒæni, -ɑːni/; ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯕꯥꯢꯖꯥꯅꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ: Azərbaycanlılar, آذربایجانلیلار‎) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ** (آذریلر‎) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯕꯥꯢꯖꯥꯅꯤ ꯇꯔꯛꯁꯤꯡ** (ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯕꯥꯢꯖꯥꯅꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ: Azərbaycan Türkləri, آذربایجان تۆرکلری‎) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯀꯤꯛ ꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯏꯔꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯕꯥꯢꯖꯥꯟꯗ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯅ ꯂꯩꯃꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯀꯧꯀꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ, ꯏꯔꯥꯅꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯔꯀꯤꯛ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯀꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯂꯛꯇ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯀꯤꯁ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯍꯦꯛ ꯃꯊꯪꯗꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯃꯨꯁ꯭ꯂꯤꯝ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯅ ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯕꯥꯢꯖꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯔꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯖꯣꯔꯖꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫  ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯑꯓꯦꯔꯕꯥꯢꯖꯥꯅꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯐꯧ-ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ, ꯗ ꯔꯥꯢꯁ ꯒꯣꯗꯦꯁ

**ꯐꯧ-ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ, ꯗ ꯔꯥꯢꯁ ꯒꯣꯗꯦꯁ (Phou-oibi, the rice goddess)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯲꯰꯱꯳ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ)ꯒꯤ ꯕꯦꯜꯂꯦꯗ ꯑꯣꯄꯦꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ)ꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯍꯨꯢ ꯑꯦꯟꯁꯦꯝꯕꯜꯅ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯄꯦꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯦꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯛ ꯲꯰꯱꯳ (Tapestry Sacred Music 2013)ꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯅꯦꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯃꯣꯁꯥ

**ꯁꯃꯣꯁꯥ (ꯁꯤꯡꯘꯥꯔꯥ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯥꯅꯕ ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯨ, ꯇꯤꯜꯍꯧ, ꯍꯋꯥꯢ, ꯁꯥ-ꯌꯦꯟꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯉꯧꯊꯣꯛ-ꯇꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯂꯒ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯂꯒ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ)ꯇꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯅ ꯆꯥꯅꯕ ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ

Samosa - Homemade, Jabalpur - Madhya Pradesh - IMG 20210406 201834.jpg
Samosa - Mohali 2016-08-07 8425.JPG
Samosa - Mohali 2016-08-07 8426.JPG
Samosa - Snack.JPG

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ
ꯄꯥꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ

**ꯄꯥꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯤ** (*Panipuri*, pānīpūrī ) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯐꯨꯆ꯭ꯀꯥ** (*fuchka*, fhuchka ) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯒꯨꯞꯆꯨꯞ** (*gupchup*) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯒꯣꯜꯒꯞꯄꯥ** (*golgappa*) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯄꯥꯅꯤ ꯀꯦ ꯄꯇꯥꯀꯦ** (*Pani ke Patake*) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯥꯥꯥꯡꯗ ꯆꯥꯅꯕ ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ

File:Panipuri03.jpg
File:Panipuri and Chutney.jpg
File:Dahi Phuchka.jpg
File:Crispy Pani Puri.jpg
File:5-water Pani Puri.jpg


## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ
ꯇꯜ (ꯑꯆꯥ-ꯑꯊꯛ)

**ꯇꯜ (ꯇꯟ)** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯄꯨꯔꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯥꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯣꯢꯗꯥ (ꯃꯣꯏꯗꯥ)ꯅ ꯇꯛꯂꯒ ꯁꯦꯝꯁꯥꯕ ꯑꯆꯥ-ꯑꯊꯛ (ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯄꯥꯛꯇꯛꯅꯅ ꯆꯥꯅꯩ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ
ꯄꯔꯣꯊꯥ

**ꯄꯔꯣꯊꯥ (ꯄꯔꯥꯊꯥ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯅ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝꯗ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯅ ꯆꯥꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯊꯥꯕ ꯇꯜ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ
ꯆꯧ ꯆꯧ

**ꯆꯧ ꯆꯧ (ꯆꯧ ꯃꯦꯟ) (Chow mein)** (/ˈtʃaʊ ˈmeɪn/ and /ˈtʃaʊ ˈmiːn/, ꯑꯆꯝꯕ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ: 炒面; ꯈꯨꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ: 炒麵; ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯆꯟ/ꯄꯤꯟꯌꯤꯟ: *chǎomiàn*) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯡꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯛ ꯁꯥꯡꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯛ ꯁꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯥ-ꯉꯥꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯛꯆꯥ-ꯏꯊꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯅ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ, ꯅꯦꯄꯥꯜ, ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯗ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ
ꯄꯤꯓꯓꯥ

**ꯄꯤꯓꯓꯥ (ꯄꯤꯖꯖꯥ, ꯄꯤꯠꯓꯥ, ꯄꯤꯠꯖꯥ, ꯄꯤꯓꯓꯦꯠꯇꯥ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯄ ꯄꯥꯛꯅꯝ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯈꯥꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯟꯕ, ꯆꯤꯁ, ꯆꯦꯡꯒꯨꯝ, ꯇꯤꯜꯍꯧ, ꯁꯥ-ꯌꯦꯟꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯍꯥꯞꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ
### ꯄꯤꯓꯓꯥ ꯁꯥꯍꯟꯕ

File:Pizza im Pizzaofen von Maurizio.jpg
File:Pizza baking in Wood-fired oven.jpg 
File:Eataly Las Vegas - Feb 2019 - Sarah Stierch 12.jpg 
File:Grilled_pizza_2.jpg 

### ꯃꯈꯜ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯤꯓꯓꯥꯁꯤꯡ

File:Chicago-style pizza.jpg 
File:Calzone04.jpg 
File:Tarte flambée alsacienne 514471722.jpg 
File:Vegetarian pizza.jpg 
File:Garlic Fingers.jpg 
File:Hamburger pizza at Kotipizza.jpg 
File:Fugazzetta en Pizzería Guerrin, Buenos Aires.jpg 
File:Detroit Style Pizza from Calphalon Bread Pans.png 


## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ
ꯀꯦꯛ

**ꯀꯦꯛ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯥꯇꯥ, ꯆꯤꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯆꯜꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕ ꯑꯊꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝ, ꯕꯠꯇꯔ, ꯊꯥꯎꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯃꯆꯜꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯍꯥꯞꯄ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

## ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ

File:Special occasion cakes.jpg
File:Birthday cake.jpg 
File:Halloween cake.JPG 
File:At the Seattle Bridal Show2.jpg 


## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ
ꯖꯂꯦꯕꯤ

**ꯖꯂꯦꯕꯤ** (*Jalebi*) (ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ: जलेबी, ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯂꯤ: জিলাপি, ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ: ଜିଲାପି, ꯎꯔꯗꯨ: جلیبی‎) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯖꯤꯂꯥꯄꯤ** (*jilapi*) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯖꯤꯂꯦꯕꯤ** (*jilebi*) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯖꯤꯂꯤꯄꯤ** (*jilipi*) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯓꯨꯜꯕꯤꯌꯥ** (*zulbia*) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯖꯦꯔꯔꯤ** (*jerry*) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯃꯨꯁꯥꯕꯥꯛ** (*mushabak*) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯓꯂꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥ** (*zalabia*) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯥꯅꯕ ꯑꯊꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ

Indian sweet.jpg
Indian Sweets - Jalebi.jpg


## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠ
ꯑꯔꯚꯤꯟ ꯀꯦꯖ꯭ꯔꯤꯋꯥꯜ

**ꯑꯔꯚꯤꯟ ꯀꯦꯖ꯭꯭ꯔꯤꯋꯥꯜ** ( ꯱꯹꯶꯸ ꯑꯒꯁ꯭ꯇ ꯱꯶ꯇ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯷ꯁꯨꯕ ꯗꯦꯜꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯐ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔꯅꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯵ꯗꯒꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯗꯦꯜꯍꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯑꯦꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯦꯕꯕꯠꯀꯤ ꯕꯥꯕꯕ꯭ꯂꯔ

ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯎꯆꯦꯛ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯊꯋꯥꯢ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ, ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯥꯇꯥ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯐꯥꯢꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯑꯦꯚꯤꯁ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ
## ꯂꯩꯐꯝ ꯃꯐꯝ
## ꯂꯤꯆꯠ ꯁꯥꯆꯠ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯎꯆꯦꯛ
ꯗꯤꯋꯥꯂꯤ

**ꯗꯤꯋꯥꯂꯤ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯋꯂꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯩ ꯊꯥꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ, ꯖꯦꯟ, ꯁꯤꯈ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯕꯨꯗꯙꯤꯁꯠꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯍꯔꯥꯎ ꯇꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯏ꯫

## ꯃꯃꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ

Diwali Diyas 2.jpg
Diwali Diyas.jpg
Diwali_Craker_1.jpg
Sparkles.jpg
Sparks of joy (4067473305).jpg


## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯦꯠꯇꯣ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ

**ꯅꯦꯠꯇꯣ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ (Netto Question)** (ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ: Questão Netto) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯅꯥꯢꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯱꯸꯷꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯇꯥꯔꯛꯄ ꯆꯩꯍꯤ ꯱꯰ ꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯖꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯃꯤꯅꯥꯢ ꯲꯱꯷ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯝꯍꯟꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗꯨꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯔꯥꯖꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯁꯤꯇꯜꯖꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

**ꯔꯥꯖꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯁꯤꯇꯜꯖꯤꯠ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) ꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯥꯅꯤꯉꯥꯢ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯕ ꯑꯏꯕ, ꯂꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯈꯪ ꯍꯩꯔꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯩꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯩꯁꯥꯝꯊꯣꯡ ꯇꯣꯞ ꯂꯩꯕꯛꯇꯒꯤꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯂꯥꯢꯁ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯅꯕꯀꯤꯁꯣꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ

ꯂꯥꯢꯁ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯅꯕꯀꯤꯁꯣꯔ ꯁꯤꯡꯍ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) ꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯖꯥ, ꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯅꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯆꯠꯀꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯢꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯤꯗ꯭ꯅꯤꯗ ꯅꯨꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯢꯗꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯝꯀꯥ ꯕꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯔꯦꯀꯣꯔ꯭ꯗ꯭ꯁꯇ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯄ ꯅꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯈꯣꯝꯖꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯅꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯱ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯗ꯭ꯃ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈ꯭ꯔꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯋꯥꯢꯈꯣꯝ ꯒꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ

**ꯋꯥꯢꯈꯣꯝ ꯒꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) ꯀꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯲꯰꯱꯴ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯗ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯨ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯕ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯄꯗ꯭ꯃ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯏꯀꯥꯢ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯈꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯌꯨꯕꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯤ

**ꯌꯨꯕꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) ꯀꯤ ꯌꯦꯜꯍꯧꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯉꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯔꯒ꯭ꯕꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯁꯤꯒ ꯄꯥꯡꯈꯛꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏꯝꯃꯥ ꯂꯦꯚꯤꯟ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯏꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯗꯤ ꯔꯒ꯭ꯕꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯕꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯇꯝꯂꯒ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯣꯡꯁꯣꯡ

ꯊꯋꯥꯢꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ **ꯃꯣꯡꯁꯣꯡ (ꯃꯣꯪꯁꯣꯪ)** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯅꯥꯔꯛ ꯃꯣꯡꯁꯣꯡ (ꯅꯥꯔꯛ ꯃꯣꯪꯁꯣꯪ)** () ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯋꯥꯢꯔꯞ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯀꯟ-ꯀꯟ ꯂꯥꯎꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ
ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ

**ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯅꯣ-ꯇꯤꯕꯦꯇꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯨꯏꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯡꯃꯥꯢ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯒ ꯅꯛꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

*Huziwara, Keisuke 藤原, 敬介. 2012. Rui sogo no saikou ni mukete ルイ祖語の再構にむけて [Toward a reconstruction of Proto-Luish]. In *Kyoto University Linguistic Research* 京都大学言語学研究 (2012), 31: 25-131. 
*Matisoff, James A. 2013. Re-examining the genetic position of Jingpho: putting flesh on the bones of the Jingpho/Luish relationship. *Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area* 36(2). 1–106.
ꯆꯛꯄ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ

**ꯆꯛꯄ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ** (ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ: **ꯂꯣꯢ**) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ 
꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯅꯣ-ꯇꯤꯕꯦꯇꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯡꯐꯣ-ꯂꯨꯏꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯔꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯔꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯡꯃꯥꯢ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯅꯤ ꯫

ꯆꯛꯄ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ, ꯁꯦꯛꯃꯥꯢ, ꯐꯌꯦꯡꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯈꯨꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯈꯨꯜꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ

*[[ꯂꯣꯢ]]* (ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ *ꯂꯨꯢ*; ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ "ꯂꯨꯏꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ") ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ "ꯆꯛꯄ" ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯆꯛꯄ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯖꯔꯒꯁꯨ ꯂꯣꯢ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯆꯛꯄ ꯗꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ, ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯢ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯆꯛꯄ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ ꯫

## ꯆꯦꯔꯣꯜ
ꯆꯛꯄ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯏꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩꯗ ꯃꯥꯢꯆꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯍꯔꯥꯎꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯗ ꯁꯩꯊꯥꯅꯅꯕ ꯄꯥꯅꯅꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅ ꯊꯝꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯫

ꯆꯛꯄ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯐꯅꯌꯥꯝꯕ McCulloch (1859) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ Basanta (1998)ꯒꯤꯗ ꯊꯝꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯫

ꯆꯥꯢꯔꯦꯜ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯋꯥꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ McCulloch (1859)ꯒꯤꯗ ꯊꯝꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

## ꯑꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ

* 
*
ꯂꯤꯑꯣꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯁꯤ

**'ꯂꯤꯑꯣꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ ꯃꯦꯁꯤ** (**Lionel Andrés Messi** (; ꯱꯹꯸꯷ ꯖꯨꯟ ꯲꯴ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ), ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯅꯩ **ꯂꯤꯑꯣ ꯃꯦꯁꯤ**,ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯖꯦꯟꯇꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯨꯇꯕꯣꯜ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯅꯨꯡꯄꯥꯛ

**ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯅꯨꯡꯄꯥꯛ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ()ꯀꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯈꯨꯜꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄꯅꯝ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯥꯢꯐꯝꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯅꯨꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯇ ꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ. ꯀꯨꯝ ꯱꯸꯲꯲ꯗ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ () ꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯖꯣꯢ ꯁꯤꯡꯍꯅ ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯈꯨꯜꯂꯦꯟ ꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯕꯒꯤ  ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯢꯄꯣꯠ ꯄꯤꯈꯠꯂꯛꯅꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯊꯪ ꯇꯥꯎꯊꯔꯛꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯌꯨꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯅꯨꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯇꯔꯦꯠ ꯈꯨꯟꯇꯥꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯌꯨꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯅꯨꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯄꯅꯝ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯥꯢꯐꯝ

**ꯄꯅꯝ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯥꯢꯐꯝ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ()ꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯈꯨꯜꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯅꯝ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯪ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰꯰꯰ ꯁꯨꯔꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅ ꯆꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯩ ꯍꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯉꯁꯤꯐꯥꯎ ꯊꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯢꯗꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰꯰ ꯁꯨꯒꯗꯧꯔꯕ ꯑꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯅꯨꯡꯄꯥꯛ ꯌꯨꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯷ ꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯐꯝ ꯁꯪꯂꯦꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯏꯅꯥꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯆꯩ ꯊꯝꯐꯝ ꯃꯐꯝ () ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯥꯄꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ

**ꯅꯥꯄꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ꯭ꯂꯦꯟ꯭ꯗ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯥꯄꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯝ ꯍꯧꯕ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯎ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ

**ꯎ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ([[ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ]]: ꯇꯂꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯦꯜ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯛ ꯁꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯔꯦꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯎ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯧꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯕꯨ ꯎꯃꯪ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ
ꯉꯥꯈꯥꯅ ꯉꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯍꯧꯗꯕꯅꯤ

ꯄꯥꯎꯔꯧ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩ ꯃꯩꯍꯧꯔꯣꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ)ꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯒꯨꯝꯂꯕ ꯏꯄꯥ-ꯏꯄꯨ ꯑꯍꯜ-ꯂꯃꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯛꯅ ꯁꯣꯟꯅꯕꯤꯔꯝꯕ ꯄꯥꯎꯔꯧ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ 
## ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ
## ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯄ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
 
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯄꯥꯎꯔꯧꯁꯤꯡ
ꯈꯨꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯛꯄꯝ

**ꯈꯨꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯛꯄꯝ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ)ꯀꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯅꯥꯛ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯃꯤꯀꯃꯤ

**ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯃꯤꯀꯃꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯣ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯀꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯙꯔꯝꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ, ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ-ꯑꯣꯃꯤꯀꯥꯃꯤꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ “ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯚꯤꯅꯤꯇꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯒ” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯂꯩ-ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯅꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯃꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯅꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯨꯁꯥꯅꯣꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯒꯨꯍꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯠꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯣꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯂꯝꯃꯤ, ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯔꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ, ꯖꯨꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒꯨꯍꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯅꯥꯟꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯒꯥ ꯊꯣꯉꯅꯥꯑꯣꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯎꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒꯨꯍꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯈꯤ, ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ, ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯔꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯄꯤꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯄꯥ-ꯏꯄꯨꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯄꯥꯔꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯏꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨꯕꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯥꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯦ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯅꯤ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯗꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ, ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯣꯛ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ, ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ, ꯄꯨꯀꯆꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯨꯛ-ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯦꯡ, ꯁꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯂꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯖꯤꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯍꯣꯟ ꯁꯣꯀꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ, ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯂꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯕꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯂꯆꯔ, ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯅꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯣ ꯀꯃꯤ
ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨ (ꯂꯥꯢ)

**ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯣ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯀꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯀꯥꯃꯤ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯉꯥꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯏꯐ-ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯔꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯍꯦꯇꯆꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝ, ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯂꯣꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯨꯗ꯭ꯙꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯃꯤ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯆꯤꯐꯨꯀꯨꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯛꯁ꯭ꯃꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯷ꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯩ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯃꯆꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯤꯔꯨꯀꯣ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ “ꯂꯤꯆ ꯆꯥꯏꯜꯗ” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯄꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯠꯁꯨꯔꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯀꯥꯌꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯍꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯣꯏ-ꯑꯉꯥꯝ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯕꯥ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯥꯏꯐꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯨꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯗꯨꯀꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯛꯁ꯭ꯃꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ-ꯃꯄꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯊꯧꯒꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯇꯥ, ꯂꯛꯁ꯭ꯃꯤ ꯆꯥꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯗꯔꯟ ꯄꯣꯞ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ, ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯉꯥ ꯐꯥꯕꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯁꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯔꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ, ꯂꯛꯁ꯭ꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯗꯤꯕ꯭ꯌ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ, ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯣ ꯀꯃꯤ
ꯍꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ

**ꯍꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯣ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯀꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯂꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯥꯃꯨꯔꯥꯏ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯀꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ꯫ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯅꯕꯥ, ꯌꯥꯏꯐ-ꯄꯥꯎꯖꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ “ꯕꯦꯅꯥꯔꯁ ꯸” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯏꯝꯄꯥꯔꯇꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯝꯄꯥꯔꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯖꯤꯅꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯄꯥꯔꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯖꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯋꯥꯌꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯁꯤꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯩ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯨꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯒꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯕꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯒꯥ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯋꯥꯁꯤꯃꯤꯖꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯔꯊꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤ ꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ; ꯂꯧꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯂꯣꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯁꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯀꯥꯌꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯠ, ꯏꯁꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯄꯥꯉꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯍꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ, ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯁꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯕꯨꯗ꯭ꯙꯤꯖꯃꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉ ꯈꯔꯗꯥ ꯕꯨꯗ꯭ꯙꯒꯤ ꯃꯨꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯨꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ, ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡ, ꯁꯍꯔꯁꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯐꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯛꯁ꯭ꯃꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯝꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯤꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯧꯔꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ, ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯕꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯥꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯕꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯗꯥ ꯙꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯂꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ; ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯄꯥ-ꯏꯄꯨꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯋꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯒꯤ ꯊꯝꯃꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯀꯁꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯆꯤꯃꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯣ ꯀꯃꯤ
ꯏꯓꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ

**ꯏꯓꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯣ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯀꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯇꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯕꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ “ꯀꯝꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯕꯤ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯃꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯕꯤꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯃꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯒꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯒꯥ ꯖꯋꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯨ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯑꯣꯅꯣꯒꯣꯔꯣ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯗ꯭ꯕꯤꯞ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯨꯍꯣꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯤꯌꯥ, ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯊꯤꯕꯤꯕꯨ ꯁꯥꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯃꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯇꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯣꯃꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯋꯔꯜꯗꯇꯥ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯎꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯈ꯭ꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯣꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯉꯅꯥꯑꯣ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯨꯄꯆꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯇꯦꯔꯥꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯇꯁꯨꯌꯣꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯥꯀꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯂꯩ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯁꯨꯁꯥꯅꯣ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯨꯡꯁꯣꯏ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨ, ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯕꯨ ꯁꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯖꯤꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯍꯣꯟ ꯁꯣꯀꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯃꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝ, ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤꯕꯨ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯂꯆꯔ, ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗ꯭ꯕꯤꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ, ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯂꯩ-ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯅꯣ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯀꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯦꯟꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕꯥ, ꯃꯥꯉꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯏꯖꯥꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯖꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯤꯒꯦꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯂꯆꯔ, ꯑꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯆꯠꯊꯔꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯣ ꯀꯃꯤ