ꯂꯤꯌꯨ ꯌꯤꯐꯦꯏ

**ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯌꯨ** (ꯄꯣꯛꯄꯥ **ꯑꯦꯟ ꯐꯦꯡ** ; ꯑꯣꯒꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯲꯵, ꯱꯹꯸꯷),  ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ **ꯅꯦꯝ ꯂꯤꯌꯨ ꯌꯤꯐꯦꯏ** , ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ-ꯑꯥꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯔ, ꯏꯁꯩ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯐꯣꯔꯕꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯤ ꯱꯰꯰ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯇꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯲꯰꯰꯹ꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯗꯥꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯗꯥ "ꯐꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫  

꯲꯰꯲꯰ꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ-ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯐꯤꯜꯃ ꯃꯨꯂꯥꯟꯒꯤ  ꯇꯥꯏꯇꯂꯔ ꯀꯦꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯛꯁ ꯆꯌꯦꯁ ꯁꯨꯄꯥꯔ ꯑꯦꯋꯥꯔꯗ, ꯀꯤꯗꯁ ꯆꯣꯏꯁ ꯑꯦꯋꯥꯔꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯌꯥꯇꯔꯟ ꯑꯦꯋꯥꯔꯗꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯅꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯉꯜꯂꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ
ꯂꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯨꯕꯦꯏꯒꯤ ꯋꯨꯍꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯡꯖꯤ ꯍꯣꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ ꯐꯦꯡ ( ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ) ꯫  ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯟ ꯁꯥꯎꯀꯥꯡ ( ꯅꯤ ), ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯱ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯛꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯕꯦꯏꯖꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯜ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ  ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨ ꯖꯤꯑꯣꯂꯤ ( ꯅꯤ ), ꯍꯨꯕꯦꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯥ ꯗꯥꯟꯁꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯔꯃꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰ ꯁꯨꯔꯛꯄꯗꯥ ꯈꯥꯏꯅꯈꯤ , ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯌꯣꯛꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ "ꯂꯤꯌꯨ ꯖꯤꯃꯦꯏꯖꯤ" ( ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ). ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯣꯗꯐꯥꯗꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯟ ꯖꯤꯅꯐꯦꯏ ( ꯅꯤ꯫ ), ꯕꯩꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯣꯡꯆꯥꯟ ꯏꯅꯚꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯆꯦꯌꯔꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫  

꯱꯹꯹꯷ꯇꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰ ꯁꯨꯔꯛꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯌꯣꯔꯛ ꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯏꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯨꯏꯁ ꯄꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯶꯷ꯇꯥ ꯇꯝꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯲꯰꯰꯲ꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯡ ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ ꯅꯦꯝ "ꯂꯤꯌꯨ ꯌꯤꯐꯦꯏ" () ꯂꯧꯈꯤ) ꯫  ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯵ ꯁꯨꯔꯛꯄꯗꯥ ꯕꯩꯖꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯑꯦꯀꯥꯗꯦꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯠꯌꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯈꯤ  ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯲꯰꯰꯶ꯇꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯖꯨꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ

### ꯲꯰꯰꯳–꯲꯰꯰꯶: ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄ
ꯕꯩꯖꯤꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯑꯦꯀꯥꯗꯦꯃꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯐꯔ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯲꯰꯰꯳ꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯚꯤꯖꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯌꯗ ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯃꯥ *ꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯦ ꯅꯣꯕꯦꯜ ꯐꯦꯃꯤꯂꯤ* (金粉世家) ꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯚꯦꯜꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯓꯥꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯁꯨꯏꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯚꯦꯜꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯚꯤ.ꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯚꯤꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫   ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯂꯨꯏꯁ ꯆꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯨꯛꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯅꯣꯚꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯕꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ *ꯗꯦꯃꯤ-ꯒꯣꯗꯁ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯁꯦꯃꯤ-ꯗꯦꯕꯤꯂꯁꯇꯥ* ꯋꯥꯡ ꯌꯨꯌꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯓꯥꯡ ꯖꯤꯖꯣꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯏꯕꯪꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯵.꯶꯹ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯏꯕꯪꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯐꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯡ ꯌꯨꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ "ꯐꯦꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔ" ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤ꯫ 

꯲꯰꯰꯵ꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯜ-ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯌꯤꯡ ꯒꯦꯝ ꯗ ꯂꯤꯖꯦꯟꯗ *ꯑꯣꯐ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯗ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯐꯦꯌꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ* ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯃꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ *ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ* ꯄꯥꯂꯥꯗꯤꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯅꯥꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯂꯣꯋꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ  ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯂꯍꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ 

ꯗ꯭ꯔꯃꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯛꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯶ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯒꯣꯜꯗꯟ ꯏꯒꯜ ꯇꯤꯚꯤ ꯑꯥꯔꯠ ꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯦꯂꯗꯥ " ꯒꯣꯜꯗꯟ ꯏꯒꯜ ꯒꯣꯗꯦꯁ " ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ 

### ꯲꯰꯰꯸–꯲꯰꯱꯳: ꯐꯤꯜꯝꯗꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯁꯟ
ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯚꯤꯖꯅꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯛꯄꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯲꯰꯰꯷ꯇꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯋꯤꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯃꯣꯔꯤꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯁꯤ (ꯗꯕꯜꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦ.)ꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯂꯤꯋꯨꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯛꯁꯟ, *ꯗ ꯐꯣꯔꯕꯤꯗꯦꯟ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ* .  ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯥꯠ-ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯔꯤꯚꯦꯟꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯒꯣꯜꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯥꯔꯣꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯏꯕꯪꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯩ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ-ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯋꯥꯡ ꯂꯤꯍꯣꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ-ꯀꯃꯦꯗꯤ *ꯂꯚ ꯏꯟ ꯗꯤꯁꯒꯨꯏꯁ* (꯲꯰꯱꯰)ꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ 

꯲꯰꯱꯱ꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ *ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯤꯖꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯄꯔꯅꯦꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯜꯃ ꯑꯦ* *ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯤꯖ ꯒꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯔꯤꯗꯥ* ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯋꯨ ꯀꯤꯡ (ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯟꯂꯦꯁ) ꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯋꯨꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯤ ꯑꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯚꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ *ꯗ ꯐꯣꯔ* ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯦꯕꯂꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯄꯥ ꯒꯔꯗꯟ *ꯆꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯨꯛꯁꯤꯌꯥ* ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯗ ꯐꯣꯔꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯣꯂꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫  

ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯀꯥꯎ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯨꯚꯤ ꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ *ꯗ ꯑꯦꯁꯥꯁꯤꯟꯁ* (꯲꯰꯱꯲)ꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯡꯖꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯣꯆꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ 

### ꯲꯰꯱꯴–ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ: ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯣꯂꯥꯕꯣꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯍꯟꯂꯛꯄ
꯲꯰꯱꯴ꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯔ-ꯁꯤꯉ꯭ꯒꯥꯔ ꯔꯦꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯀꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯚꯦꯂꯔ ꯑꯦꯃꯤ ꯆꯦꯎꯪꯒꯤ ꯲꯰꯰꯶ꯇꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯣꯚꯦꯜꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯂꯚ *ꯑꯣꯔ* ꯃꯅꯤ ꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯕꯣꯛꯁ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯛꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ 

ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ *ꯗ ꯊꯥꯔꯗ ꯋꯦ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯂꯚ* (꯲꯰꯱꯵)ꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯱꯶ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯜꯃ ꯃꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯦꯋꯥꯔꯗꯇꯥ ꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯁꯤꯄꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯗꯤꯌꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯖꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯁꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯈꯤ  ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯁꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯝꯕꯦꯁꯦꯗꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫ 
 
꯲꯰꯱꯶ꯇꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ *ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ* -ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯀꯣ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯜꯃ ꯅꯥꯏꯠ ꯄꯤꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯍꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ *ꯁꯣ ꯌꯪ ꯲: ꯅꯦꯚꯥꯔ ꯒꯣꯟ*  ꯫ 

꯲꯰꯱꯷ꯇꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯦꯟꯊꯣꯅꯤ ꯂꯥꯃꯣꯂꯤꯅꯥꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ *ꯓꯥꯑꯣ* ꯖꯤꯑꯣꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯐꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯋꯥꯟꯁ ꯑꯄꯟ ꯑꯦ ꯇꯥꯏꯝꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯕꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯒꯁ꯭ꯇꯅꯥ ꯂꯝꯖꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ *ꯗ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯤꯖ* ꯋꯤꯗꯣꯗꯁꯨ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯡꯍꯥꯏ  ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯃꯤꯌꯥꯔ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯃꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫  ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ *ꯍꯣꯌꯤꯠ ꯚꯦꯟꯖꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ* ꯀꯣ-ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔ ꯐꯦꯡ ꯁꯥꯑꯣꯐꯦꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯀꯃꯦꯗꯤ ꯐꯤꯜꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯁꯟ *ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯗ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ*ꯗ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯈꯤ ꯫ 

꯲꯰꯱꯷ꯀꯤ ꯅꯕꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯱꯹꯹꯸ꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯖꯅꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯐꯤꯜꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯗꯕꯦꯟꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯨꯂꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯔꯤꯚꯤꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤ ꯫ 

꯲꯰꯱꯷ꯀꯤ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯌꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ, *ꯗ ꯂꯚ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯅꯣꯁꯤꯁ* . ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯲ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯃꯣꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ 

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ