open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯃꯥꯏ

****

**[[ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ]]**
For Meetei Mayek Font 




ꯂꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕꯤꯔꯛꯁꯤ&nbsp;ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ&nbsp;ꯗ
ꯃꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯕ&nbsp; ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯀꯩ&nbsp; ꯅꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ &nbsp;ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ&nbsp;꯱&nbsp;ꯍꯦꯛꯇꯅ&nbsp;ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯄ&nbsp;ꯌꯥꯔꯕ&nbsp;꯫
ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯡ  ꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ꯫



* ꯈꯨꯠ ꯍꯩꯕ
* ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯋꯥꯔꯤ
* ꯂꯝꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯨꯃꯤꯠ
* ꯈꯨꯅꯥꯏ
* ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
* ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯂꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯂꯦꯜ
* ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡꯂꯣꯟ(ꯑꯪꯀꯥ)
* ꯁꯤꯟ-ꯁꯥꯔꯣꯜ
* **[[ꯊꯣꯡꯒꯥꯜ:Contents/Portals|ꯊꯣꯡꯒꯥꯜ ꯄꯨꯂꯞ]]**














ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ


ꯋꯤꯀꯤꯄꯦꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ



__NOTOC__ __NOEDITSECTION__
A

**A** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯲꯶ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ

## ꯋꯥꯄꯣꯛꯂꯣꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯁꯑꯣ ꯶꯳꯹-꯲

**ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯁꯑꯣ ꯶꯳꯹-꯲** (**ISO 639-2**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯌꯥꯅꯔꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯳ꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯗ ꯫ ꯀꯣꯗ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯣꯝ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯂꯤ ꯫

## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ

## ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒ ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ
*  
*ISO 639-2/RA Change Notice at the Library of Congress
*ISO 639-2:1998: Codes for the representation of names of languages—Part 2: Alpha-3 code at the International Organization for Standardization
ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯁꯑꯣ ꯶꯳꯹ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ-ꯂꯣꯟ

**ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯁꯑꯣ ꯶꯳꯹ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ-ꯂꯣꯟ** (**ISO 639 Macrolanguage**)  ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯗꯣꯛꯄꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯃꯝ ꯑꯃꯝ ꯄꯤꯔꯒ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯅꯕ ꯑꯁꯝꯕ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯥꯏꯑꯦꯁꯑꯣ ꯶꯳꯹ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ-ꯂꯣꯟ
ꯃꯥꯡꯖꯤꯡ

**ꯃꯥꯡꯖꯤꯡ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯧꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯷꯵ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯥꯞꯅ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
ꯈꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯧꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯱꯵ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

## ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒ ꯁꯝꯅꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝ
E

**E** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯵ꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯚꯥꯋꯦꯜ ꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯚꯥꯋꯦꯜꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯌꯥꯡꯗꯧ ꯔꯤꯖꯤꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ

**ꯚꯦꯍꯤꯀꯜ ꯔꯦꯖꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ**, ꯅꯠꯇꯔ꯭ꯒ **ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ** (ꯕꯤꯔꯇꯤꯁ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯂꯥꯏꯆꯦꯟꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯠ** (ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ), ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯣꯠ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯄ꯭꯭꯭꯭꯭꯭꯭ꯂꯥꯁꯇꯤꯛ plate attached to a motor vehicle or trailer for official identification purposes. All countries require registration plates for road vehicles such as cars, trucks, and motorcycles

## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ

## ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒ ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯄꯪ(ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ)

**ꯃꯄꯪ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Solid**)  ꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ, ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯖꯕ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅ ꯑꯀꯟꯕ, ꯅꯝꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯉꯝꯗꯕ, ꯆꯥꯏꯊꯣꯛ ꯇꯞꯄ,ꯕꯣꯂꯨꯝ,ꯔꯤꯖꯤꯇꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛꯁꯡꯕꯨ ꯈꯅꯩ ꯫

[thumb|300px|Single crystalline form of solid [insulin.]]

## ꯃꯄꯪ(ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ) ꯃꯈꯜ ꯁꯤꯡ
* **ꯃꯆꯦꯠ ꯅꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯄꯪ(ꯀꯔꯥꯏꯁꯇꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ) **
* **ꯃꯐꯣꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯄꯪ(ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯔꯐꯨꯁ ꯁꯣꯂꯤꯗ)**

## ꯌꯥꯝ ꯀꯨꯞꯊꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯄ

thumb|Model of closely packed atoms within a crystalline solid.
*ꯐꯥꯏꯜ:Silica.svg
*ꯐꯥꯏꯜ:SiO² Quartz.svg

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ
‍ꯅꯤꯡꯉꯣꯜ

**ꯅꯤꯡꯉꯣꯜ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯨꯍꯣꯡꯗꯔꯤꯕꯥ **ꯅꯨꯄꯤ** ꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯁꯛꯍꯦꯟꯕꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯉꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ
ꯄꯤꯕꯥ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꫲ

ꫲ (ꯑꯟꯖꯤ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯥꯂꯤ, ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯆꯥꯟꯗꯕꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯄ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯒ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯡ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯃ ꯏꯕꯗ ꯑꯍꯧꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯢꯕ ꯑꯅꯤꯉꯃꯛꯇ ꯇꯞꯀꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯍꯦꯛ ꯇꯞꯂꯕꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯁꯤꯔꯤ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯒꯨꯔꯨꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯞꯇꯨꯅ ꯁꯥꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯣꯝ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯴꯰-꯱꯹꯸꯰ ꯏꯕꯤꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ 

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ
* ꫲ ꯂꯩꯃ
* ꫠ
ꯀꯅꯥꯗꯥ

**ꯀꯅꯥꯗꯥ** (Canada) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯤꯟꯆ ꯱꯰ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤ ꯳ ꯁꯤ ꯑꯠꯂꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯊꯪꯕꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯛ ꯏꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯂꯤ, ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯁꯤ  ꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯀꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ

ꯀꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯃꯐꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯟꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯀꯠ

**ꯀꯟꯅꯦꯛꯇꯤꯀꯠ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯔ꯭ꯠꯐꯣꯔ꯭ꯗ ꯀꯧꯏ ꯫ ꯁꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯋꯥꯔ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯱꯴,꯳꯵꯷ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫ ꯏꯪ. ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ ꯐꯥꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ  ꯳꯵,꯶꯵,꯲꯸꯸ ꯁꯨꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯅ꯭ꯌꯥꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔꯤ

**"ꯀꯅ꯭ꯌꯥꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔꯤ"** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯃꯤꯜ ꯅꯥꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯌꯥꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯃꯁꯤ "ꯂꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯢꯕ" ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯔꯥꯃꯦꯁ꯭ꯋꯔꯝ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯕꯣ

**ꯀꯕꯣ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯋꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯅꯕꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯀꯕꯣ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ

**ꯀ** (**ꯀꯣꯛ**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯏꯕꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯇ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯄꯨꯝ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯲꯷ ꯁꯨꯏ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ

ꯋꯥꯀꯣꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥꯏꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯀꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ ꯱ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯛꯏ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡ ꯍꯤꯔꯜ ꯂꯩꯖꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯄꯨꯝ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯀꯣꯟꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯀꯌꯥꯠꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯀꯣꯝꯂꯥ
* ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ
* ꯀ꯭ꯋꯣꯔꯥ
* ꯀꯥꯡ
* ꫱

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ
ꯀꯕꯣ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ

**ꯀꯕꯣ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Kabaw valley) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯕꯣ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯧꯕ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯇꯤꯛ ꯎ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯕꯣꯀꯩ

**ꯀꯕꯣꯀꯩ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ:Leopard), **Panthera pardus**) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯦꯔꯥ ꯁꯥꯒꯩꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ

Amur Leopard (214091199).jpeg
 
Amur Leopard (219987133).jpeg
 
Amur Leopard (222066929).jpeg
 
Amur Leopard (222069703).jpeg
 
Amur Leopard (222632913).jpeg
 
An amur leopard yawning - panoramio.jpg

"EXPRESSION2".jpg
 
"Leopard , Livingstonia", Malawi, ca.1910 (imp-cswc-GB-237-CSWC47-LS4-1-012) (cropped).jpg
 
"Leopard , Livingstonia", Malawi, ca.1910 (imp-cswc-GB-237-CSWC47-LS4-1-012).jpg
 
"PAIR".jpg

"ROYAL STYLE".jpg
 
A Leopard, Guwahati zoo, Assam, India (2016).jpg
 
(Carnivora Felidae) Panthera pardus ♂, Leopard (33356167918).jpg
 
(Carnivora Felidae) Panthera pardus ♂, Leopard (46508403424).jpg
 
Leopard, Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park 1M2A5681 (45925689112).jpg
 
Leopard, Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park 1M2A5692 (31036000687).jpg
 
Leopard, Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park 1M2A5716 (45250583194).jpg
 
Leopard, Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park 1M2A5727 (44158781260).jpg
 
Leopard, Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park 1M2A5734 (32104155008).jpg
 
255 of 'Resa i Afrika, genom Angola, Ovampo och Damaraland ... Med 30 helsidsplanscher ... och en karta' (11289826975).jpg
 


## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯝꯂꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯁꯥ
ꯀꯕꯣꯔꯝꯕꯝ

**ꯀꯕꯣꯔꯝꯕꯝ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯌꯨꯝꯅꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥꯉꯥꯟꯄ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ  ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ
ꯀꯕꯣꯛꯂꯩ

**ꯀꯕꯣꯛꯂꯩ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯝ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯃꯈꯜꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯝꯖꯤꯔꯩꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯅꯥꯆꯣꯝ ꯆꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯂꯩ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯑꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯖꯤꯇꯥ
* ꯀꯤꯍꯣꯝ
* ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯂꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ** (Kakching district) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯱꯶ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯗꯅ ꯊꯧꯕꯥꯜꯅ, ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯇꯅ ꯎꯈ꯭ꯔꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯟꯗꯦꯜ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅ, ꯈꯥꯗꯅ ꯆꯨꯔꯆꯥꯟꯗꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯇꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯟꯅꯗ ꯂꯣꯟ

**"ꯀꯟꯅꯗ ꯂꯣꯟ" (Kannada language)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯔꯅꯥꯇꯀꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯇ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯚꯤꯔ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯥꯗ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯁꯤꯌꯝ

**ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯁꯤꯌꯝ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Colosseum**) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯣꯝꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯔꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯇꯥꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯇꯤꯟꯐꯝ ꯁꯪꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯄꯥꯔꯊꯦꯅꯣꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏꯅꯨ

**ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏꯅꯨ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯗ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ
ꯋꯥꯇꯦꯛꯂꯩꯃ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ

ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤ:-
# ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ
# ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ (ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ)
# ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ
ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ

**ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Palace) ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯅꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡꯂꯤꯕ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯑꯉꯝ ꯑꯊꯧ ꯌꯥꯢꯇꯣꯡ ꯈꯝꯗꯣꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯌꯨꯝꯖꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯗ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯢꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯅ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯁ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯋꯥꯍꯧ ꯄꯦꯂꯥꯇꯤꯌꯝ(palātium) ꯔꯣꯝꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯨꯝ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯇꯥꯢꯟ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯪꯅꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯞ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ "ꯄꯦꯂꯥꯢꯁ", "ꯄꯦꯂꯥꯖꯖꯣ", "ꯄꯦꯂꯥꯁꯤꯑꯣ"(palais, palazzo, palacio) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯀꯧꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯁꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ
* ꯀꯦꯁꯇꯜ (ꯌꯨꯝ)

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯖꯦꯡꯂꯩ

**ꯀꯖꯦꯡꯂꯩ** (ꯀꯆꯦꯡꯂꯩ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯂꯩꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯡ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯀꯣꯛꯇ ꯂꯨꯍꯨꯞ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯎꯞꯅꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯔꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯆꯨꯅ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯜꯂꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯝ ꯁꯝꯖꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜ

**ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜ (Kakching Garden)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯛꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯎꯌꯣꯛ ꯆꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯢꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜ ꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯝꯕꯜꯂꯩ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯁꯃꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯝ ꯫
ꯐꯥꯏꯜ:Kakching Garden, an ecological park in Kakching, Kangleipak (Manipur).jpg
thumb|300px|ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜ

## ꯂꯥꯢꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ

**ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯄꯨꯈꯝ ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯪꯒꯥꯝꯄꯥꯟ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ

## ꯑꯇꯩ ꯂꯩꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯔꯗꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ

**ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯔꯗꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Coordinate bond, Dative bond or dipolar bond) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯑꯦꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯟ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯥꯇꯥ

**ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯥꯇꯥ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Chordata**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯤꯃꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯕ ꯐꯥꯢꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯌꯥꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯔꯨ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯃꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡ
# ꯉꯥ
# ꯁꯥꯢꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯃꯥꯇꯥ
# ꯀꯣꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯊꯥꯢꯁ
# ꯑꯣꯁꯇꯩꯛꯊꯥꯢꯁ
# ꯑꯦꯝꯐꯝꯕꯤꯌꯥ
# ꯔꯦꯞꯇꯤꯂꯤꯌꯥ
# ꯑꯦꯚꯤꯁ
# ꯃꯃꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹

**ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹** (**ꯀꯣꯚꯤꯗ-꯱꯹**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯥꯍꯟꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯨꯍꯥꯟ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯪꯅꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯗꯤꯁꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯲꯹ ꯋꯨꯍꯥꯟꯗꯤ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
 

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯩꯅꯥ
ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯚꯥꯢꯔꯁ

**ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥꯚꯥꯢꯔꯁ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Coronavirus) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯎꯆꯦꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯄꯛꯍꯟꯕ ꯉꯝꯕ ꯑꯥꯔ•ꯑꯦꯟ•ꯑꯦ ꯚꯥꯢꯔꯁ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯔꯧꯅꯨ

**ꯀꯣꯔꯧꯅꯨ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯊꯋꯥꯟꯃꯤꯆꯥꯛ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ
ꯑꯍ‍ꯨꯝꯅꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕ

(**ꯁꯂꯥꯠ**) **ꯀꯣꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯕꯤ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗꯠꯂꯒ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ **ꯈꯥꯃꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯟꯕ**, **ꯃꯔꯣꯛ ꯑꯇꯦꯛꯄ** ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯊꯨꯝꯒ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯔꯒ ꯆꯥꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯑꯆꯥꯄꯣꯠꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯣꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕ
ꯀꯣꯕꯥꯜꯠ

**ꯀꯣꯕꯥꯜꯠ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Cobalt**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯗꯨꯕꯅꯤꯌꯝ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯚꯦꯂꯦꯟꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ

**ꯀꯣꯚꯦꯂꯦꯟꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯃꯣꯂꯦꯀꯨꯂꯔ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Covalent bond** or  **Molecular bond**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯕꯜ ꯒꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯣꯢꯅꯕ ꯑꯦꯇꯝ ꯲ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯅꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯟ ꯌꯦꯟꯅꯔꯒ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯜꯂꯦꯟꯀꯥꯢꯃꯥ

**ꯀꯣꯜꯂꯦꯟꯀꯥꯢꯃꯥ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Collenchyma**) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯝꯕ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯔꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯔꯦꯗꯣ

**ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯔꯦꯗꯣ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ (ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯢ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯗꯦꯟꯚꯔ ꯀꯧꯏ ꯫ ꯁꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯋꯥꯔ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯲,꯶꯹,꯸꯳꯷ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯐꯥꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯵꯷,꯵꯸,꯷꯳꯶ ꯁꯨꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜ

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯔꯤ

**ꯀꯣꯔꯤ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Copper**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯹ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯅ ꯶꯳.꯵꯴꯶u ꯅꯤ ꯫ **Cu** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯀꯣꯟꯉꯧ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ

**ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯩꯩꯩꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯴꯸ ꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯈꯥꯏꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯇꯥ ꯀꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯂꯤ, ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯔꯨꯁꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯇꯅꯥ ꯖꯄꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯶꯷꯶ AD ꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯈꯤ, ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯨꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯠꯅꯥ ꯆꯩꯅꯕ ꯇꯧꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ Three Kingdoms of Korea, ꯀꯣꯟꯅ ꯊꯪꯗ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ Unified Silla ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ  Balhae ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕꯗ ꯫ Unified Silla ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯏꯗꯣꯛꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤꯗ Later Three Kingdoms period ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯈꯤ ꯫ Goryeo ꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ Goguryeoꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯍꯧ ꯏ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯄꯤꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯟꯁꯨꯂꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ Around the same time, Balhae collapsed and its last crown prince fled south to Goryeo. Goryeo (also spelled as *Koryŏ*), whose name developed into the modern exonym "Korea", was a highly cultured state that created the world's first metal movable type in 1234. ꯑꯗꯨꯝꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, Mongol Empire ꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯗꯥꯔꯛꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒ ꯱꯳ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯥꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯟꯂꯝꯃꯤ vassal state ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯁꯣꯛꯅꯔꯕ ꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯫

ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯖꯣꯁꯤꯑꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰꯰ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯏꯡ ꯆꯤꯛꯄ ꯍꯥꯠꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ ꯫
ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯁꯤ Sejong the Great ꯅꯥ ꯱꯵ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯁꯥꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤ Confucianism ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯂꯛꯄ ꯃꯇꯝꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯊꯪ ꯃꯊꯪ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯂꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯟꯂꯝꯃꯤ "Hermit Kingdom" ꯫ ꯑꯊꯦꯡꯕ ꯱꯹ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯥꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯄꯥꯟ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ First Sino-Japanese War ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯃꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯱꯰ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒ ꯖꯄꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯂꯥꯟꯖꯥꯎ ꯑꯒꯨꯁꯠ ꯱꯹꯴꯵ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯩꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯴꯵, Soviet Union ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ United States ꯌꯥꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ  ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯗ ꯖꯄꯥꯟꯅꯤꯁ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯖꯕ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯂꯥꯟꯖꯥꯎ ꯍꯦꯛ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯕꯤꯌꯦꯠ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯑꯣꯟ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯏꯇꯦꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯫

## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯝꯂꯥ

**ꯀꯣꯝꯂꯥ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯄ
ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯔꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯣꯜ꯭ꯗ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯔꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯎꯄꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯏ꯫
## ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ
ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯀꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯀꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯔꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯁꯦꯒ꯭ꯃꯦꯟꯠ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯃꯁꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯍꯤ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯆꯥꯕꯗ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯆꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯈꯔ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
## ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯑꯊꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯈꯜꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯈꯥꯕ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯁꯦꯝ

* ꯆꯝꯄ꯭ꯔꯥ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯎꯍꯩ
ꯀꯣꯝꯕꯤꯔꯩ

**ꯀꯣꯝꯕꯤꯔꯩ** (ꯀꯣꯝꯄꯤꯂꯩ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯖꯤꯕꯨ ꯊꯥꯗ ꯁꯥꯠꯀꯟꯂꯤ, ꯂꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯟꯅꯅ ꯍꯧꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯏꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄꯥꯠ, ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯊꯨꯝꯍꯤ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯐꯨꯝꯗꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯁꯨ ꯍꯧꯏ ꯫ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯂꯝꯐꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯝꯕꯤꯔꯩꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯁꯨ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯇꯨꯜꯁꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯟꯁꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ

ꯀꯣꯟꯁꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯂꯥꯡꯉꯣꯟꯖꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ
* ꯃꯥꯢꯕ꯭ꯔꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ
ꯀꯣꯟꯉꯧ

**ꯀꯣꯟꯉꯧ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯀꯣꯉꯧ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Aluminium**)  ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯣꯉꯧꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯳ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯅ ꯲꯶ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯀꯣꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯟꯊꯧꯖꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ

ꯀꯣꯟꯊꯧꯖꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯍꯥꯎꯔꯣꯛꯆꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ
ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯦꯡꯕꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ

**ꯀꯣꯟꯖꯦꯡꯕꯝ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯝꯕꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯝꯅꯥꯛ
ꯀꯣꯢ

ꯀꯣꯢ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒ ꯈꯪꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤ:
# ꯀꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ
# ꯑꯀꯣꯢꯕ
# ꯀꯣꯢꯕ (ꯊꯕꯛ)
ꯀꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ

**ꯀꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ (ꯂꯥꯕ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯢꯗ ꯍꯧꯕ ꯁꯝ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯥꯇꯣꯟ ꯁꯨꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯢ, ꯈꯖꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯢ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯢ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯣꯏ
ꯀꯣꯢꯕ (ꯊꯕꯛ)

ꯀꯣꯢꯕ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤ
# ꯀꯣꯢꯕ (to encircle) 
 ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯀꯣꯢꯁꯤꯟꯕ꯫
# ꯀꯣꯢꯕ (to court a girl or a boy) 
 ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯣꯢꯕ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯀꯣꯢꯕ ꯫
ꯀꯤꯍꯣꯝ

**ꯀꯤꯍꯣꯝ**(ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ:**Pineapple**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯍꯩ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯇ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯢꯅ ꯐꯪꯢ꯫ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯐꯔ꯭ꯨꯢꯇꯅꯤ ꯫ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯢ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯣꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯊꯥꯢꯁ

**ꯀꯣꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯊꯥꯢꯁ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯗꯥꯇꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯕ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯅꯣꯇꯣꯀꯣꯔꯗ (ꯌꯥꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯔꯨ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯢ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯂꯦꯟ

**ꯀꯥꯂꯦꯟ (April-May)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ ꯊꯥꯄꯥꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯢꯗꯥꯝ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯊꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:-
# ꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯍ ꯄꯣꯛꯄ - ꯀꯥꯂꯦꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯱꯴ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ
# ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯕ ꯆꯦꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯕ - ꯀꯥꯂꯦꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯱꯵ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
*ꯏꯉꯥ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯐꯣꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ

**ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯐꯣꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ (ꯀꯥꯂꯤꯐꯣꯔꯅꯤꯌꯥ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ (ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯗꯤ ꯁꯀ꯭ꯔꯝꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯋꯥꯔ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯴,꯲꯳,꯹꯷꯰ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ. ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ ꯐꯥꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯳,꯹꯳,꯶꯹,꯰꯷꯸ ꯁꯨꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜ

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯃꯥꯈ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯪ

**"ꯀꯥꯃꯥꯈ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯪ" ([[ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯥꯂꯤ]]: কামাখ্যা মন্দির)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯃꯥꯈ꯭ꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯗ ꯀꯠꯆꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯄꯤꯊ ꯵꯱ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯒꯨꯋꯥꯍꯇꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯥꯢꯀꯩꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯤꯂꯥꯆꯜ ꯆꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯪ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯪꯂꯦꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯁꯪꯂꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯇ꯭ꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤ

**ꯀꯥꯇ꯭ꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥꯒꯤ ꯶ꯁꯨꯕ ꯁꯥꯢꯑꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯡꯑꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫
thumb|ꯀꯥꯇ꯭ꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤ
ꯀꯥꯠꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯕꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ ꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯕꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥꯒꯤ ꯶ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯥꯠꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯠꯌꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯔ꯭ꯏꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯩ꯫ ꯄꯤꯀꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯃꯔꯤꯅꯥ, ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯗ꯭ꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯄꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯏꯉ꯭ꯒꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯔꯤ꯫

ꯀꯥꯠꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯥꯅꯕ ꯃꯍꯤꯁꯥꯁꯨꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯊꯤꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯅꯁꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯠꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯥꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ, ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯇꯤ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ, ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯕꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯅꯤꯅꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯩ, ꯐꯨꯜ, ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯔꯣꯡ, ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯖꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯩ ꯁꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯔꯤ꯫

ꯀꯥꯠꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ, ꯚꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯥꯠꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯚꯛꯇ ꯂꯥꯈ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ, ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ-ꯑꯄꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯥꯠꯌꯥꯌꯅꯤ ꯁꯦꯂꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ, ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯃꯍꯤꯁꯥꯁꯨꯔ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯉꯨ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯥꯔꯓꯣꯛ

**ꯀꯥꯔꯓꯣꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯀꯣꯔꯓꯣꯛ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯡꯒꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ Leh district ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯖꯥꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯁꯃꯤꯔ, ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ Leh tehsil ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯗꯨꯗ ꯂꯩ, Rupshu ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯅ, ꯇꯁꯣ ꯃꯣꯔꯤꯔꯤ ꯄꯥꯠ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯇꯥꯎꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯑꯋꯥꯁꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯊꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ 15,075&nbsp;ft. (4,595 metres) ꯗꯒꯤ 14,995 feet (4,570 m). ꯄꯥꯎꯕ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯃꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯅ ꯫  Drukpa Buddhist Korzok Monastery ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ
꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ, ꯀꯥꯔꯓꯣꯛꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯲꯵꯳ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯦ ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯟ ꯍꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯴꯶.꯶꯴% ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
ꯀꯣꯔꯓꯣꯛ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏꯊꯪꯕ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯖ ꯱꯹꯴꯷ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯨꯞꯁꯨ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯥꯏꯂꯣꯏꯁꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯔꯨꯞꯁꯨꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ, ꯔꯨꯞꯁꯨ ꯒꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯇꯨꯝ ꯆꯨꯞꯄꯗ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯒꯗꯕ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯹ ꯂꯣꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯠꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯫

## ꯂꯝꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯨꯃꯤꯠ

## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ

## ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯒ ꯁꯝꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯖꯥꯝꯃꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯥꯁꯃꯤꯔ
ꯀꯥꯎꯕꯤꯅꯨ(ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ)

**ꯀꯥꯎꯕꯤꯅꯨ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯅꯥ **ꯗꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥꯝ**ꯅꯤ ꯫ 

## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ

thumb|ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ
**ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Carbon**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯶ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯅ ꯱꯲.꯰꯱꯰꯷u ꯅꯤ ꯫ **C** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯅꯥꯢꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ
ꯀꯥꯕ (ꯏꯁꯂꯥꯝ)

**"ꯀꯥꯕ" (ꯀꯥꯕꯍ)(Kaaba)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯂꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯃꯁ꯭ꯖꯤꯗ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯛꯀꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁ꯭ꯖꯤꯗ ꯑꯜ-ꯍꯔꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯪꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯖꯜ ꯑꯒꯔꯋꯥꯜ

**ꯀꯥꯖꯜ ꯑꯒꯔꯋꯥꯜ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯦ ꯑꯃꯧꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯗꯝꯅꯕꯤ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯁ꯭ꯔꯨꯇꯤ ꯍꯥꯁꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ

**ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ (ꯀꯥꯛꯆꯤꯡ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯥꯢꯀꯩꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯱꯷ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ (ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯔꯇꯔ)ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯴꯰ Km ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯛꯆꯦꯡ

**ꯀꯥꯛꯆꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯠꯁꯤꯡ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯛꯆꯦꯛ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯛꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨꯅꯤ ꯫

ꯀꯥꯛꯆꯦꯡ ꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯇꯤꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯟ ꯱ꯅꯤ ꯑꯊꯨꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯥꯝꯖꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯕ ꯇꯤꯟ ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ

* ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ
* ꯑꯃꯨꯕ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯜꯀꯤ

**ꯀꯥꯜꯀꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯤꯁꯅꯨꯒꯤ ꯱꯰ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯄꯣꯛꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯕ ꯁꯥꯢꯑꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯀꯜꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯗꯥ ꯚꯒꯕꯥꯟ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯇꯥꯔꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯀꯂꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯔꯥꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯂꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯔꯛꯀꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯂꯤ ꯌꯨꯒ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ, ꯄꯨꯀꯆꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯑꯣꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯩ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯕꯥ, ꯂꯣꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯡꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯏ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯀꯜꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯒꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ, ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯀꯜꯀꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯠꯌ ꯌꯨꯒ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯒ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯀꯆꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯜꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯅꯕꯈꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯧꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯀꯂꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯖꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯏ꯫ ꯀꯜꯀꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯕꯨ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯕꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯈꯨꯉ꯭ꯒꯪꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯍꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯂꯀꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯒꯠꯂꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯜꯀꯤ ꯀꯗꯥꯌꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯅꯤ, ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯀꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯡꯏꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ, ꯀꯂꯀꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫
300px|thumb|ꯀꯥꯜꯀꯤ ꯁꯛꯂꯣꯟ
thumb|ꯀꯥꯜꯀꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯉꯨ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯥꯡ

ꯀꯥꯡ ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:-
* ꯀꯥꯡ (ꯇꯤꯜ)
* ꯀꯥꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯕ
* ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤ
ꯀꯥꯜꯔꯥꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ

**ꯀꯥꯜꯔꯥꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ (ꯀꯂꯥꯔꯥꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥꯒꯤ ꯷ꯁꯨꯕ ꯁꯥꯢꯑꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯡꯑꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫
thumb|ꯀꯥꯜꯔꯥꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ
ꯀꯥꯂꯥꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯕꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ ꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯷ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ, ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯥꯂꯥꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ, ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯕ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯥꯂꯥꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯇꯥꯔꯤ꯫
ꯗꯦꯕꯤ ꯀꯥꯂꯥꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯨꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯄꯤꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯚꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯩꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯊꯋꯥꯌꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯚꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯟꯠꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯨꯜ, ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯖꯩ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯔꯣꯖꯥ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯋꯥꯏꯔꯝ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯩ꯫ ꯀꯥꯂꯥꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯏꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯋꯥꯌ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫
ꯀꯥꯂꯥꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯔꯊꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯂꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯥꯂꯥꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯕꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯚꯛꯇ ꯂꯥꯈ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯚꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯔꯊꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯃꯁꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯇꯝꯃꯤ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯃꯍꯤꯁꯥꯁꯨꯔ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯉꯨ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯥꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯕ

**ꯀꯥꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯕ** (ꯔꯊ ꯌꯥꯇ꯭ꯔꯥ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯀꯥꯡ (ꯔꯊ) (ꯈꯣꯡ) ꯆꯤꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯨꯖꯥ
* ꯗꯤꯋꯥꯂꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ
ꯀꯥꯡ (ꯇꯤꯜ)

**ꯀꯥꯡ** ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯢꯄ ꯉꯝꯕ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯇꯣꯡꯗꯨꯅ ꯏ ꯊꯛꯄ ꯇꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯇꯨꯃꯤꯠ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤ

**ꯀꯥꯡꯁꯤ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Bell) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯪ, ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯇꯥꯅꯕ ꯃꯈꯣꯟ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯤꯡꯕꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯁꯇꯜ (ꯌꯨꯝ)

**"ꯀꯦꯁꯇꯜ" (Castle)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯑꯉꯝ ꯑꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯥꯔꯝꯕ ꯂꯥꯟꯕꯟ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯆꯦꯠꯄ ꯐꯛꯂꯥꯡꯅ ꯀꯣꯢꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯢꯀꯨ ꯔꯥꯖꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ

ꯀꯥꯢꯀꯨ ꯔꯥꯖꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯅꯥꯢꯔꯕ ꯁꯛꯇꯝ ꯂꯥꯡꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯒꯨꯔꯨꯃꯌꯨꯝ ꯕꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯁꯔꯃ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯁꯀꯗꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯁꯤꯠꯁ

**ꯀꯥꯁꯀꯦꯗꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯁꯤꯠ** (**CSS**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯁꯤꯠ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯅꯤ, ꯃꯥꯔ꯭ꯛꯑꯞ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ  ꯎꯠꯅꯕ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ ꯍꯩꯆ•ꯇꯤ•ꯑꯦꯝ•ꯑꯦꯜ ꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯫
## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
Linked list

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯐꯣꯔꯅꯤꯌꯝ

**ꯀꯦꯂꯤꯐꯣꯔꯅꯤꯌꯝ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Californium**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯁꯦꯔꯤꯌꯝ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ

**"ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ"** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **chemical**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯅꯥꯢꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝ (ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯍꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯢ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ) ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯤꯟ
* ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯥꯢꯗ
* ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ
* ꯃꯣꯂꯦꯀꯨꯂꯔ ꯑꯣꯔꯕꯤꯇꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ

**ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Chemical Bond) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯀꯦꯃꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯝ, ꯑꯥꯌꯟ, ꯃꯣꯂꯤꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯐꯥꯖꯤꯟ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯜꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯑꯆꯦꯠꯄ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤꯡ
* ꯀꯣꯚꯦꯂꯦꯟꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ
* ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯚꯦꯂꯦꯟꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ
* ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯔꯗꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯂꯤꯄꯨꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯅꯥꯌꯟ ꯁꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯝ

**ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯅꯥꯌꯟ ꯁꯖꯤ ꯂꯥꯕ** (ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ: Κερυνῖτις ἔλαφος, *Kerynitis elaphos*, ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟꯗ: *Elaphus Ceryniti*s), ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯅꯤꯌꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯕ ꯊꯋꯥꯢ ꯑꯄꯛꯃꯥ ꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯟꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯁꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯕ ꯉꯝꯏ꯫ꯁꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯤ ꯁꯖꯤ ꯂꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯤ, bronze ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ brassꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ, a "dappled hide", "ꯃꯈꯣꯡ ꯌꯥꯡꯉꯤ" ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯝꯕ ꯉꯝꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯍꯤꯡꯒꯠꯍꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅ Mycenaeꯀꯤ [Eurystheus]]ꯇ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯄ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯔꯀꯨꯂꯤꯁ ꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯦꯗꯃꯤꯌꯝ

**ꯀꯦꯗꯃꯤꯌꯝ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯔ꯭ꯍꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ
* ꯁꯤꯁꯤꯌꯝ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ
ꯀꯨꯁꯨꯝꯂꯩ

**ꯀꯨꯁꯨꯝꯂꯩ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Safflower) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯔꯦꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄ, ꯃꯔꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ, ꯇꯤꯡꯈꯪ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯆꯨꯞꯄ ꯂꯩ ꯁꯥꯠꯄ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯕꯔꯞꯂꯩ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯨꯔꯂꯩ

**ꯗꯤꯃꯣꯓ**(**DMOZ**) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯀꯨꯔꯂꯩ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ

## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯨꯃꯥꯕꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ

**ꯀꯨꯃꯥꯕꯝ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯁꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯆꯛꯄꯇꯥꯕꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯝꯅꯥꯛ
ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯟꯗꯥ

**"ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯟꯗꯥ" (Kushmāndā)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥꯒꯤ ꯴ꯁꯨꯕ ꯁꯥꯢꯑꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯡꯑꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫
thumb|ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯥꯟꯗꯥ
ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯕꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ ꯗꯨꯔꯒꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯩ꯫ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯟꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯏꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯗꯤꯕ꯭ꯌ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ “ꯑꯗꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ” ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯅꯤ: "ꯀꯨ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ, "ꯎꯁꯃꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯝ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ "ꯑꯟꯗꯥ" ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯒ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯕꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ, ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫

ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯟꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯍꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯝꯂꯒꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯇꯥꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯸ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯈꯨꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯤ ꯔꯣꯖꯥꯔꯤ, ꯈꯨꯠꯂꯥꯏ, ꯑꯃꯃꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯗ꯭ꯝ ꯐꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ ꯚꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯅꯤꯖꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯟꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ꯫

ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯅꯕꯔꯥꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯟꯗꯥ ꯐꯨꯜ, ꯃꯅꯥ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯚꯛꯇꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯐꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯛꯅꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯃꯖꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯩ꯫ ꯚꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯔꯊꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯦꯟꯖꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯇꯥꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯨꯁ꯭ꯃꯟꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ, ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯑꯥꯁꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯃꯍꯤꯁꯥꯁꯨꯔ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤꯕ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯉꯨ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯨꯔꯃ

**ꯀꯨꯔꯃ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯚꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯅ ꯊꯦꯡꯒꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯁꯥꯢꯑꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫
thumb|ꯀꯨꯔꯃ
ꯀꯨꯔꯃꯥ ꯑꯋꯇꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯗꯥ ꯚꯒꯕꯥꯟ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯋꯇꯥꯔ ꯇꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯇꯥꯔ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯪꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯇꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯥꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯠꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡ (ꯗꯥꯅꯤꯁꯁꯤꯡ)ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯟꯗꯥꯔꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯔꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯁꯨꯀꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯣꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯈꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯀꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯚꯒꯕꯥꯟ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯨꯔꯃꯥ ꯑꯋꯇꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯆꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯃꯟꯊꯥꯟ, ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯈꯣꯡꯕꯥꯜ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯌꯥꯝꯂꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯗꯤꯕ꯭ꯌ ꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯁꯦꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯍꯨꯏ ꯑꯃꯥ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ ꯂꯛꯁ꯭ꯃꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯈꯤ | ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯇꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯩ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯨꯝ-ꯑꯔꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯊꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯀꯨꯔꯃꯥ ꯑꯋꯇꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ, ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯆꯪꯗꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯆꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯡꯕꯥꯡ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯔꯊ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯇꯥꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯋꯥꯌ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯀꯥꯌ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯃꯠꯁ꯭ꯌ
* ꯔꯥꯝ
* ꯄꯔꯁꯨꯔꯥꯝ
* ꯋꯥꯃꯟ
* ꯗꯁꯥꯚꯇꯥꯔ
* ꯅꯔꯁꯤꯡꯍ (ꯂꯥꯢ)
* ꯀꯥꯜꯀꯤ
* ꯕꯨꯙ (ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ)

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯉꯨ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯟ

**ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯟ ([[ꯑꯥꯔꯕꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ|ꯑꯥꯔꯕꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ]]: القران, Quran)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯤꯛ ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ
* ꯀꯥꯕ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ

**"ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ" (Quranic Arabic)** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **"ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯊꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ" (Classical Arabic)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯷ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯝꯕ ꯑꯥꯔꯕꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯄꯊꯥꯞ ꯅꯥꯢꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ

**ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Epithelial tissue, ꯏꯄꯤꯊꯦꯂꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗꯤ ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯄꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯲ ꯂꯩ ꯫
# ꯑꯆꯝꯕ ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ
# ꯌꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ

ꯑꯆꯝꯕ ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯳ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫
# ꯑꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ
# ꯎꯄꯨ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ
# ꯌꯨꯝꯕꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯔꯥꯡꯕꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ

ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ (ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯍꯔꯥꯎ ꯇꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅ ꯅꯝꯕ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯂꯦꯞꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯎꯕ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯨꯝꯚꯀꯔꯅ

**ꯀꯨꯝꯚꯀꯔꯅ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯍꯤꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫"

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯏꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯖꯤꯠ
* ꯁꯨꯔꯄꯅꯈꯥ
* ꯕꯤꯚꯤꯁꯟ
* ꯃꯟꯗꯣꯗꯔꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯨꯞꯁꯨ

**ꯀꯨꯞꯁꯨ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯑꯍꯥꯕꯤ** ꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯅꯕ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯨꯞꯁꯨ ꯁꯤ ꯍꯋꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯆꯦꯡ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯅꯨꯡ ꯍꯋꯥꯏ ꯈꯥꯡꯗ ꯊꯥꯡꯒꯠꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯀꯪꯅꯥ ꯉꯧꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯒꯥꯏꯔꯒ ꯑꯔꯧꯕ ꯉꯥꯔꯤ ꯇꯣꯠꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯝ ꯃꯣꯔꯣꯛ ꯊꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯣꯕꯤꯒꯥ ꯀꯨꯞꯅꯥ ꯁꯨꯒꯥꯏꯔꯕ ꯃꯐꯣꯜꯗꯨꯒ ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯒ ꯆꯥꯃꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯀꯨꯞꯁꯨ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯈꯔꯥ
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## ꯀꯨꯞꯁꯨ ꯆꯪꯕ ꯃꯆꯜꯁꯤꯡ
* ꯉꯥꯔꯤ
* ꯍꯋꯥꯏ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯆꯦꯡ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯅꯨꯡ ꯍꯋꯥꯏ
* ꯊꯨꯝ
* ꯃꯣꯔꯣꯛ
* ꯀꯣꯕꯤ

## ꯁꯤꯖꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
*ꯁꯤꯡꯖꯨ
*ꯑꯃꯦꯠꯄ
*ꯏꯔꯣꯝꯕ
*ꯆꯥꯛꯍꯥꯎ ꯈꯤꯔ
*ꯃꯣꯃꯣ (ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ)

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯨꯟꯗꯥꯂꯩ ꯑꯉꯧꯕ

**ꯀꯨꯟꯗꯥꯂꯩ ꯑꯉꯧꯕ** (ꯔꯖꯅꯤꯒꯟꯙ)(ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Tuberose) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯝ ꯆꯦꯟꯕ ꯃꯍꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯢ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯀꯨꯝ ꯅꯥꯢꯅ ꯁꯥꯠꯄ ꯂꯩ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯣꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯈꯨꯖꯪ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯩ

ꯀꯩ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ꯫
# ꯀꯩ (ꯁꯥ)
# ꯄꯨꯀꯩ
# ꯀꯩ (ꯋꯥꯍꯪ)
ꯀꯩ (ꯋꯥꯍꯪ)

**ꯀꯩ** (ꯀꯔꯤ)(ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ:**What**) ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯍꯪꯕ ꯈꯪꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯋꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯃꯤꯡꯍꯨꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ *ꯀꯩꯅꯣ* ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ *ꯀꯔꯤ* ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯩ (ꯁꯥ)

**ꯀꯩ (ꯄꯥꯝꯕ ꯀꯩ)**(ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ: *Panthera tigris*) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯡꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯔꯒꯇ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯁꯥꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯦꯔꯥ ꯁꯥꯒꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯜꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯀꯕꯣꯀꯩ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯝꯂꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯁꯥ
ꯀꯩꯄꯨꯜ ꯂꯝꯆꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ

**ꯀꯩꯄꯨꯜ ꯂꯝꯆꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ (ꯀꯩꯕꯨꯜ ꯂꯝꯖꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯥꯛ)(Keibul Lamjao National Park)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯋꯥꯔ ꯀꯤ.ꯃꯤ. ꯴꯰ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯠꯇ ꯉꯥꯢꯔꯕ ꯑꯇꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯛ
ꯀꯩꯁꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ

ꯀꯩꯁꯥꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯊꯧꯗꯨ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩꯗ ꯀꯩ ꯁꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯢ꯫
## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡ
## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯌꯥꯝꯕꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ
ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜ

**ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜ** (**ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯟ**)(ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Market, Marketplace) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯢꯅ ꯊꯧ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯌꯣꯟꯕ ꯇꯧꯅꯅꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜ-ꯏꯃꯥ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯔꯝꯕꯟ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯅꯤ, ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯄꯣꯠ ꯌꯣꯟꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯂꯥꯛꯄꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ

**ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜꯂꯥꯛꯄꯝ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯌꯦꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯀꯨꯃꯥꯕꯝ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯝꯅꯥꯛ
ꯀꯪꯂꯩ

**ꯀꯪꯂꯩ (Kanglei)** ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤ:
# ꯀꯪꯂꯥ
# ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ
# ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ
# ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯂꯣꯜ
ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯂꯣꯜ

**ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯂꯣꯜ** (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯔꯣꯜ) ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨꯜꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ

**ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Kangleipak) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯀꯧꯔꯝꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯀꯧꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯀꯪꯈꯤꯕꯗ ꯃꯤ ꯄꯣꯡ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯦ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯀꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯐꯝꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ ꯀꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯟꯂꯤꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯄꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯔꯛꯂꯦ ꯫

## ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜ

## ꯁꯤꯖꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ
* ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯍꯤꯁꯇꯣꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯁ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ

**ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯍꯤꯁꯇꯣꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯁ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯏꯄꯨꯉꯣ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯦꯝꯆꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯇꯝꯂꯦꯟꯀꯤ ꯁꯪꯀꯥꯏꯇꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯄꯥ ꯑꯍꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯅꯍꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯲꯰꯰꯵ ꯑꯦꯗꯤ ꯇꯥ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤꯄꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯍꯜ ꯏꯄꯨꯉꯣ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯦꯝꯆꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯇꯝꯂꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯅꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯉꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯷ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯇꯥ ꯇꯦꯟꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯁꯦꯟꯇꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯄꯨꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ **ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯆꯔꯦ** ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯦꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯄꯥ ꯏꯄꯨꯁꯤꯡꯀꯤ ꯊꯥꯆꯅꯄꯤ(Tradition) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯄꯥ ꯏꯄꯨꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯱꯴ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯔꯦ ꯫

ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯇꯥ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁꯇꯥ ꯏꯕ Kangleipak The Cradle of Man ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Wakoklon Heelel Thilel Salai Ama-Ilon Pukok and The Modern Science (Puya & Science) ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯦꯝꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯕ ꯐꯔꯥꯟꯆꯀꯤ Paris City ꯀꯤ ꯏꯎꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯦꯁꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯥꯁꯥ(NASA)ꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯥꯏꯁꯦꯁꯟꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯊꯥꯈꯔꯦ ꯫  ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯔꯛꯄꯥ ꯗꯣꯀꯨꯃꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫

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## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜ

ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯛꯂꯕ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯃꯊꯪ ꯃꯅꯥꯎ ꯅꯥꯏꯅ ꯫

* ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ
* ꯑꯃꯨꯕ
* ꯑꯉꯧꯕ
* ꯍꯪꯒꯥꯝꯄꯥꯟ ꯃꯆꯨ
* ꯄꯔꯄꯜ
* ꯍꯤꯒꯣꯛ ꯋꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯄ
* ꯑꯁꯪꯕ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜ
ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ

**ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ** ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯦꯜꯍꯧꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯔꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯄꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯤꯟ

**ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯤꯟ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Chlorine**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯷ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯅ ꯳꯵.꯴꯵꯳u ꯅꯤ ꯫ **Cl** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯅ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ

**ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ** (ꯃꯦꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯁ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯁꯨꯄꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯕ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯃꯕꯨꯛꯇ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯍꯥꯞꯅꯕ ꯈꯥꯎ ꯌꯥꯎꯢ ꯫

## ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛ

ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯍꯥꯢꯕ "ꯒꯪꯒꯨꯔꯨ" ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ

ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯴ ꯂꯩ ꯫
# ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ
# ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯂꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯎꯕ ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ
# ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯂꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯎꯕ ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ
# ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯂꯣꯄꯤꯅꯦ ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ

## ꯂꯤꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯆꯠ

ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨꯁꯤ ꯆꯣꯡ ꯆꯣꯡ ꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯃꯊꯟꯗꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯕ

ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯕꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯢꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯑꯃꯨꯛꯁꯨ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯩ ꯫
ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨ-ꯁꯌꯥꯡꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯫
ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨ ꯂꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯔꯨꯝꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ

ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯂꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯔꯥꯜꯗ ꯌꯦꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯕꯤ ꯫

## ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯅꯕ

ꯀꯪꯒꯥꯔꯨꯁꯤ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯄꯥꯛꯇꯛꯅꯅ ꯆꯥꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯥꯢꯗ

**ꯀ꯭ꯂꯣꯔꯥꯢꯗ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯦꯒꯦꯇꯤꯚ ꯆꯥꯔꯖ ꯄꯨꯕ ꯑꯥꯢꯌꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯤꯀꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯱꯶꯷ ꯇꯃꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯅ ꯎꯕꯗꯤ ꯉꯝꯗꯕ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯋꯣꯔꯥ

**ꯀ꯭ꯋꯣꯔꯥ** (ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯟ-ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ: Quora) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯠ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯀꯌꯥꯕꯨ ꯍꯪꯕ, ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝꯕ, ꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯈꯨꯝꯒꯤ ꯋꯦꯕꯁꯥꯢꯠꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯀ꯭ꯋꯣꯔꯥꯅ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯂꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ
# ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯂꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯗꯦꯅꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯗꯠ꯭ꯆ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯐꯤꯟꯅꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ꯭ꯆ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯖꯔꯃꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯒꯨꯖꯔꯥꯇꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯍꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯨ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ
# ꯏꯟꯗꯣꯅꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯀꯟꯅꯗ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯃꯂꯌꯥꯂꯝ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯃꯔꯥꯊꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯅꯣꯔꯋꯦꯖꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯁ꯭ꯋꯦꯗꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯇꯃꯤꯜ ꯂꯣꯟ
# ꯇꯦꯂꯨꯒꯨ ꯂꯣꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛ ꯇꯥꯟꯕ

**ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛ ꯇꯥꯟꯕ** (ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛ ꯖꯇ꯭ꯔꯥ) (ꯂꯣꯢꯗꯥꯝ ꯀꯨꯝꯁꯥꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯅ ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯕ ꯀꯣꯛꯆꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯉꯥꯢ ꯌꯥꯢꯕꯤ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯢꯅꯕ ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯏꯔꯥꯢ ꯂꯩꯃ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛꯂꯩ

**ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛꯂꯩ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Blue Vanda, Vanda coerulea) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ, ꯑꯁꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯆꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯇ ꯃꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯧꯕ ꯎꯂꯩ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯤꯌꯝ

**ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯤꯌꯝ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Chromium**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯀꯣꯕꯥꯜꯠ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯌꯝ

**ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯔꯤꯌꯝ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯌꯝ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ
ꯁ

**ꯁ** (**ꯁꯝ**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯏꯕꯗ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯄꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯇ ꯃꯄꯤ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯄꯨꯝ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯲꯷ ꯁꯨꯏ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ

ꯋꯥꯀꯣꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥꯏꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯀꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯌꯦꯛꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ ꯱ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯛꯏ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡ ꯍꯤꯔꯜ ꯂꯩꯖꯩ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯁꯥ
* ꯁꯩꯐ ꯅꯕꯤꯜ
* ꯁꯇꯤ (ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ)

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯁꯒꯣꯜ

**ꯁꯀꯣꯜ** (**ꯁꯒꯣꯜ, ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯜ, ꯁꯥꯒꯣꯜ, ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯟ, ꯁꯥꯒꯣꯟ, ꯁꯀꯣꯟ, ꯁꯒꯣꯟ**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯴꯰꯰꯰ ꯕꯤ.ꯁꯤ.ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅ ꯇꯥꯢꯕꯪ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯕꯅ ꯂꯣꯢꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯈꯜꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ, ꯑꯔꯥꯞꯄ ꯃꯐꯝꯗ ꯆꯠꯄꯗ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯁꯀꯣꯜ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯢꯖꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯟ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯥꯡ ꯄꯔꯦꯡ

**"ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯢꯖꯤꯕ꯭ꯔꯟ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯥꯡ ꯄꯔꯦꯡ"** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯓꯤꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯏꯊꯠꯀꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯑꯜꯄ꯭ꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯥꯡ ꯄꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯢꯃꯥꯀꯥꯔꯤꯔꯤ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯇꯣꯔꯕꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯔꯊꯔ ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯅꯥꯀꯜꯗ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯅꯥꯀꯜꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯢꯖꯤꯕꯔ꯭ꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯁꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯢꯖꯤꯕꯔ꯭ꯟ ꯎꯃꯪꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯄꯥꯛꯀ ꯊꯪꯅꯅ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯎ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥ

**ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥ** (ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯅꯥ / ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯤꯁꯅꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯸ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯁꯥꯢꯑꯣꯟ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯣꯛ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯄꯨ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯅ ꯖꯟꯃ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯍꯔꯥꯎ ꯇꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯢ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯇꯧꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯅ ꯎꯢ ꯫
thumb|ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥ

ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ, ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯣꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯩ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯊꯤꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯒꯕꯥꯟ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥ-ꯃꯄꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯤꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕꯥꯁꯨꯗꯦꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯨꯔꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯁꯣꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯟꯗꯅꯥ ꯒꯣꯀꯨꯜ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯉ꯭ꯒꯪ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ | ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯁ꯭ꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯁꯣꯛ ꯑꯄꯟ ꯅꯪꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯌꯥꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯁꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯩꯊꯣꯏ-ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯃꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯃꯩꯈꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯗꯕꯥ, ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯉ꯭ꯒꯪꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯨꯔꯥꯅꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯠ ꯎꯏꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯁꯟ-ꯏꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯤꯕꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯟ-ꯏꯔꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯨꯉ꯭ꯒꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯕꯨ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯖꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯒꯣꯕꯔꯙꯟ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯁꯨ ꯈꯉꯅꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯩ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈꯣꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯁꯥꯟꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯔꯖꯨꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯦꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ-ꯃꯄꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯚꯥꯔꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯅꯐꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯕꯨꯁꯨ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯖꯨꯅꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯚꯒꯕꯠ ꯒꯤꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊ, ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯀꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯀꯆꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯒꯗꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯤꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄꯨꯀꯆꯦꯜ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯐꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯣꯏꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕꯥ, ꯊꯧꯅꯥ, ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ, ꯃꯤꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯂꯥꯈ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯔꯊꯅꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯣꯛ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯟꯃꯥꯁ꯭ꯠꯃꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯔꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯛꯇꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ, ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯍꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯥꯕꯨ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯈꯉꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯞ, ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯖꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯖꯩ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯉꯨ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯂꯥꯏꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯄ

**ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯄ** (**ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯗꯕ**) ꯂꯥꯏꯄꯨꯡꯊꯧ ꯷ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯅ ꯆꯠꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯢꯄꯪꯄꯥꯜꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯢ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯔꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯇꯤꯡꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯁꯤꯗꯕ ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯗꯤ ꯖ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯁꯃꯨꯒꯟꯗꯥ

**ꯁꯃꯨꯒꯟꯗꯥ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Rhino) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯥ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
* ꯌꯣꯡ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯃꯟꯊꯟ

**ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯃꯟꯊꯟ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯕꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯏꯔꯦꯟꯄꯨꯡꯕꯨ ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯃꯟꯊꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ “ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯁꯥꯒꯔ ꯆꯔꯅꯤꯡ” ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ, ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯡꯕꯥꯡ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ꯫
ꯃꯇꯝ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯇꯥ (ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯨꯔ (ꯗꯥꯅꯤꯁ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯅꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯗꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯃꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯁꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯄꯥꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯕꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯉ꯭ꯒꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯗꯥ ꯂꯣꯠꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯗꯦꯕꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯁꯨꯔ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯃꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯕꯨ ꯆꯦꯟꯊꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯎꯟꯇ ꯃꯟꯗꯥꯔꯥ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯆꯔꯅꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯁꯨꯀꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯞ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯔꯣꯞ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯗꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯩ ꯀꯥꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯌ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯁꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯌꯥꯌ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ | ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯈꯤ꯫
ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯅꯁꯤꯜꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯕꯛ ꯐꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟ ꯇꯥꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤ ꯁꯤꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯂꯥꯍꯥꯂꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯚꯒꯕꯥꯟ ꯁꯤꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯄꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯈꯤ, ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯅꯤꯂꯀꯥꯟꯊ (ꯅꯤꯜ ꯈꯣꯡꯎꯞ) ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥꯁꯨ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫
ꯄꯣꯏꯖꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯀꯄꯥ ꯄꯣꯠꯁꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯅꯕꯤ ꯀꯃꯙꯦꯅꯨ; ꯑꯥꯏꯔꯕꯇꯥ, ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯂꯤꯐꯦꯟꯇ; ꯀꯧꯁ꯭ꯇꯨꯚꯥ, ꯐꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯔꯠꯅ ꯑꯃꯥ; ꯎꯆꯩꯁ꯭ꯔꯕꯁ, ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯷ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯨꯏ; ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯂꯛꯁ꯭ꯃꯤ꯫ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯕ꯭ꯌ ꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔ ꯙꯅꯕꯟꯇꯔꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯇꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯆꯩ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯀꯈꯤ |
ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯊꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯐꯣꯔꯁ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯗꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯁꯨ ꯄꯥꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯒꯕꯥꯟ ꯕꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯣꯍꯤꯅꯤ ꯀꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯖꯔꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯣꯍꯤꯅꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯝꯃꯤ | ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯤ꯫
ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯃꯟꯊꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯔꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯇꯦꯡꯕꯥꯡ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯆꯔꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯚ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ꯭ꯔ꯭ꯏꯠ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯥꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ꯫
ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯃꯟꯊꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯅꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯩ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ, ꯑꯆꯦꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯋꯥꯍꯪ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯗꯥ, ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ ꯃꯟꯊꯥꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯃꯆꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯛꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯃꯋꯥꯔꯛ, ꯑꯁꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ, ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯠꯇꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯣꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯥꯏꯗꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯅꯐꯃꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯊꯧꯒꯠꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯁ꯭ꯋꯔꯒ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯅꯥ

**ꯁꯅꯥ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Gold**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯷꯹ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯅ ꯱꯹꯶.꯹꯷u ꯅꯤ ꯫ **Au** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ
* ***ꯂꯩꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ*** (ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯞ, ꯂꯤꯛ, ꯅꯥꯅꯞꯄꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯫ ) 
* ***ꯃꯩ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯌꯥꯡꯅ ꯆꯦꯟꯕ*** (ꯇꯔꯥ, ꯑꯄꯤꯛ ꯃꯩ ꯆꯠꯅꯕ ꯁꯝꯕ ꯫)

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯂꯨꯄꯥ (ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ)

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ

**"ꯁꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ" (Royal Palace)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ)ꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ (ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ)ꯅ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯐꯤꯌꯣꯡ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯐꯝꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ

**ꯁꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Mercury**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯇꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯪ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯅꯥ ꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯸꯰ꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯅ ꯲꯰꯰.꯵꯹u ꯅꯤ ꯫ **Hg** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤꯅ ꯁꯅꯥꯍꯤꯗꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
ꯀꯣꯔꯤ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯀꯣꯜꯁꯦꯟ ꯊꯄꯤ

**ꯁꯀꯣꯜꯁꯦꯟ ꯊꯄꯤ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯁꯒꯣꯜꯁꯦꯟ ꯊꯕꯤ** (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ: ; ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯄ ꯵ꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯧ ꯄꯊꯥꯞꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯊꯄꯤ ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯄꯛꯉꯥ
ꯁꯂꯥꯏ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ

**ꯁꯂꯥꯏ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯁꯂꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯁꯔꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯆꯦꯡꯂꯩ** ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯷ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯈꯣꯢ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯦꯜꯍꯧꯃꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯀꯤꯌꯣꯡ

**ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯀꯤꯌꯣꯡ** (Sanamahi Kiyong) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ (ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ) ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯪꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ

ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯪ ꯃꯅꯥꯎ ꯅꯥꯏꯅ ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏꯍꯔꯥꯎꯐꯝ, ꯂꯥꯏꯀꯣꯟ, ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯪ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯅꯤ ꯂꯩꯒꯅꯤ ꯫

* ꯑꯊꯣꯏꯕ ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ:

## ꯀ
* ꯀꯣꯂꯧꯍꯟꯄ
* ꯀꯣꯟꯊꯧꯆꯝ ꯇꯝꯐꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯂꯦꯝꯄꯤ
* ꯀꯣꯢꯔꯦꯟ ꯂꯩꯃ
* ꯀꯧꯄꯂꯨ
* ꯀꯧꯅꯨ
* ꯀꯪꯂꯥꯁꯥ (ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥꯕ)

## ꯁ
* ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯇꯄ

## ꯂ
* ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ
* ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯥꯎꯇꯥꯕꯤ
* ꯂꯥꯢꯈꯨꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ
* ꯂꯩꯃꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯇꯄꯤ (ꯂꯩꯃꯔꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯗꯕꯤ) 
* ꯂꯣꯌꯥꯂꯥꯛꯄ
## ꯃ
* ꯃꯥꯔꯖꯤꯡ
* ꯃꯣꯡꯕ ꯍꯟꯕ
## ꯄ
* ꯄꯅꯝ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ
* ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯕꯤ
* ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯄ
* ꯄꯨꯔꯩꯔꯣꯝꯕ (ꯄꯨꯂꯩꯂꯣꯝꯄ) 
* ꯄꯣꯢꯔꯩꯇꯣꯟ (ꯄꯣꯢꯂꯩꯇꯣꯟ)

## ꯅ
* ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ
* ꯅꯣꯡꯊꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯃ

## ꯈ
* ꯈꯝꯂꯥꯡꯕ
* ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯑꯄꯣꯛꯄ
* ꯈꯣꯔꯤꯐꯥꯕ
## ꯉ
* ꯉꯥꯂꯩꯃ (ꯉꯥꯔꯩꯃ)

## ꯊ
* ꯊꯥꯡꯆꯤꯡ (ꯊꯥꯡꯖꯤꯡ) 
* ꯊꯨꯝꯂꯩꯃ (ꯊꯨꯝꯔꯩꯃ) 
* ꯊꯣꯉꯥꯂꯦꯜ (ꯊꯣꯉꯥꯔꯦꯜ)
## ꯋ
* ꯋꯥꯡꯄꯨꯂꯦꯜ (ꯋꯥꯡꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯟ) 
* ꯋꯥꯡꯊꯣꯟꯕꯤ
## ꯌ
* ꯌꯨꯝꯂꯩꯃ
* ꯌꯨꯝꯆꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯃ (ꯌꯨꯝꯖꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯃ)

## ꯍ
* ꯍꯥꯎꯔꯩꯃ (ꯍꯥꯎꯂꯩꯃ) 
* ꯍꯨꯝꯄꯨ ꯂꯩꯃ (ꯏꯌꯦꯛ ꯂꯩꯃ) 
* ꯍꯩꯅꯨ ꯂꯩꯃ

## ꯏ
* ꯏꯂꯩꯃ (ꯏꯔꯩꯃ, ꯏꯔꯥꯢ ꯂꯩꯃ, ꯏꯂꯥꯢ ꯂꯩꯃ) 
* ꯏꯃꯣꯢꯅꯨ

## ꯐ
* ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤ (ꯐꯧꯂꯩꯃ, ꯐꯧꯔꯩꯃ, ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯢꯄꯤ, ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯄꯤ, ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤ)

## ꯑ
* ꯑꯇꯤꯡꯀꯣꯛ

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ
* ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯍꯨꯢ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ

**ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯍꯨꯢ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: Sanamahi Laihui Puya) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯁꯦꯝ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯦꯝꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯥꯢꯕꯪ ꯃꯣꯡꯕ ꯌꯨꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ ꯏꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯕ

**"ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯑꯍꯣꯡ ꯈꯣꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯕ" (Sanamahi Ahong Khong Chingba)** ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯥꯝꯍꯩꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯒꯤ ꯁꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯛꯇꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯛꯄꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯳꯵꯰ꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯨꯔꯕꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯅꯧꯍꯧꯅꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯸ꯗ ꯅꯧꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯍꯧꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯂꯣꯟ
## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
## ꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯛ ꯇꯥꯟꯕ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ

**ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯅ ꯈꯪꯍꯟꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤ:

### ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ
* ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ (ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ)

### ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ
* ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ (ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ)
ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ (ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ)

**ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯩ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯢꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯜ ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯑꯦꯁ () ꯅ ꯢꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯷꯵꯳ꯗ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯈꯤ꯫ **ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯁꯅꯥꯂꯩ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯂꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ
* ꯀꯂꯦꯟꯗꯨꯂꯥ
* ꯇꯖꯦꯇꯦꯁ
** ꯇꯖꯦꯇꯦꯁ ꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇꯥ
** ꯇꯖꯦꯇꯦꯁ ꯄꯥꯇꯨꯂꯥ
** ꯇꯖꯦꯇꯦꯁ ꯂꯨꯁꯤꯗꯥ
** ꯇꯖꯦꯇꯦꯁ ꯇꯦꯅꯨꯢꯐꯣꯂꯤꯌꯥ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯁꯅꯥꯔꯩ
ꯁꯆꯤꯐꯨ

**ꯁꯆꯤꯐꯨ** (ꯁꯆꯤꯐꯣꯢ,ꯁꯖꯤꯕꯨ, March-April) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯐꯨꯔꯨꯞꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ ꯊꯥꯄꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯢꯗꯥꯝ ꯊꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯊꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ:-
# ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯎꯕ - ꯁꯆꯤꯄꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯱ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ
# ꯁꯤꯟꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯍꯧꯕ - ꯁꯆꯤꯄꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯲ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ
# ꯊꯥꯡꯆꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡ ꯀꯥꯕ - ꯁꯆꯤꯄꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯵ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ
# ꯀꯣꯡꯕ ꯂꯩꯊꯣꯡ ꯐꯥꯠꯄ - ꯁꯆꯤꯄꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯷ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ
# ꯕꯁꯟ꯭ꯇ ꯔꯥꯁ - ꯁꯆꯤꯄꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯱꯵/꯱꯶ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ
# ꯒꯧꯔ ꯆꯩꯔꯥꯎꯕ - ꯁꯆꯤꯄꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯲꯱ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ
# ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯣꯝ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ - ꯁꯆꯤꯄꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯳꯰ꯅꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ

## ꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ
*ꯀꯥꯂꯦꯟ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯊꯥ ꯱꯲
ꯁꯇꯤ (ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ)

**ꯁꯇꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯔꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯕꯤꯅ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯩꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯛꯇ ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯉꯨ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ