open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
ꯋꯣꯁ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ

ꯋꯣꯁ꯭ꯔꯦꯠ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯖꯤꯞ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯕꯤꯁꯇ ꯂꯥꯠꯅꯩ ꯫
ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ “ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯊꯣꯔꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ​​ꯈꯉꯅꯔꯃꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯕꯁ ꯁꯍꯔꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ, ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯂꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯃꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯑꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯥꯖꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯗꯜ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯍꯜꯂꯀꯈꯤ, ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯃꯨꯠꯀꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯃꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯃꯤꯟꯅꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯕꯁ ꯁꯍꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯌꯨꯔꯦꯌꯁ, ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯒꯥꯁꯨ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯥꯖ꯭ꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥꯌꯦꯜ ꯌꯥꯊꯪꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯄꯨ ꯁꯥꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯉꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯕꯁꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯈꯔꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯂꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯍꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯄꯒꯥꯁꯨ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯈꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯅꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯅꯕꯨ ꯂꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯄꯥꯀꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯄꯨ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯥꯔꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯄꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤ ꯁꯦꯅꯕꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯅꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯀꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯕꯁꯨ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯇꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯕꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯥꯖ꯭ꯌꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯉꯥꯀꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯔꯨꯃꯖꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯔꯥꯖ꯭ꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯀꯧꯔꯀꯄꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯊꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯒꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯅꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯂꯥꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯕꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯁꯀꯤ ꯄꯣꯠꯂꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯋꯣꯁꯔꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯧꯔꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯁꯟ ꯇꯧꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯅꯥ ꯈꯉꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ, ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯇꯀꯤ ꯀꯂꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕꯥ ꯏꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯏꯖꯤꯞ
꯱꯷꯱꯰

ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯀꯤ ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯌꯦꯛꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯨꯑꯣꯏꯄ ꯀꯥꯈꯟ ꯴ꯂꯩꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯇꯤ ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯷꯰꯰ ꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯊꯪꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯤ ꯱꯷꯱꯱ ꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯋꯥꯂꯝ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯄꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
꯲꯰꯰꯰

**ꯂꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯅꯤ** ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯀꯥ ꯴ꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯱꯹꯹꯹ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯲꯰꯰꯱ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯨꯑꯣꯏꯄ ꯀꯥꯈꯟ ꯴ꯂꯩꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯇꯤ ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯹꯰꯰ ꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯋꯥꯂꯝ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯄꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯦꯕꯔꯗꯤꯟ

**ꯑꯦꯕꯔꯗꯤꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯠꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯥꯊ, ꯁꯣꯃꯦꯔꯁꯦꯠ

ꯕꯥꯊ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯦꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯃꯦꯔꯁꯦꯠ ꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯦꯜꯐꯥꯁ꯭ꯠ

**ꯕꯦꯜꯐꯥꯁꯠ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯑꯥꯌꯔꯂꯦꯟ (ꯑꯥꯢꯔꯂꯦꯟ) ꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯥꯌꯔꯂꯦꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯲ꯁꯨꯕ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯔꯃꯤꯡꯘꯝ

**ꯕꯔꯃꯤꯡꯘꯝ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯕꯤꯔꯃꯤꯡꯍꯝ** () ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯦꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯃꯤꯗꯂꯦꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯐꯣꯔꯗ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ

ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯐꯣꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯦꯟ ꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ

**ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯜ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯃꯥꯢꯛ ꯄꯤꯜ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯐ

**ꯀꯥꯔꯗꯤꯐ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯦꯜꯁꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨꯅꯥꯢꯇꯦꯗ ꯀꯤꯡꯗꯝ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
꯲꯰꯳꯱

ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯀꯤ ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯌꯦꯛꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯨꯑꯣꯏꯄ ꯀꯥꯈꯟ ꯴ꯂꯩꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯇꯤ ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯰꯰ ꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯊꯪꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯤ ꯲꯰꯳꯲ ꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄ ꯋꯥꯂꯝ
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯄꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯣꯃꯥꯔ ꯕꯣꯔꯀꯟ ꯑꯜ ꯒꯂꯥ

**ꯑꯣꯃꯥꯔ ꯕꯣꯔꯀꯟ ꯑꯜ ꯒꯂꯥ** (; ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯔꯥꯛꯇ ꯄꯣꯛꯆꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯛꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈ꯭ꯔꯕ ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯂꯕ ꯃꯤꯁꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯗꯨꯕꯥꯢ ꯗ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯌꯨꯝ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯒ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛꯇ
ꯑꯣꯃꯔ ꯕꯣꯔꯀꯥꯟ ꯑꯜ ꯒꯥꯂꯥꯅꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯳ꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯡꯆꯠ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯂꯛꯈꯤ, ꯊꯧꯗꯣꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯥꯌꯗꯇꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯖꯥꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯀꯂꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯐꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯲꯰꯱꯵ꯒꯤ ꯖꯅꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯚ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯜ ꯒꯥꯂꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯤꯡ ꯈꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯃꯆꯥ ꯈꯔꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯑꯣꯇꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯣꯇꯣ ꯂꯧꯟꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯣꯏꯕꯗ ꯃꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯇꯤꯟꯕ ꯍꯦꯟꯒꯠꯂꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯜ ꯒꯥꯂꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ "ꯙꯔꯝ ꯄꯨꯂꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯈꯤꯗꯦ," ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ "ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯉꯣꯟꯗ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯖꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯨꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ, ꯀꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯐꯣꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯚꯔꯆꯨꯑꯦꯜꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯚꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯚꯥꯏꯁꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯚꯤꯖꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯅ ꯂꯩꯃꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯡꯇꯛꯅꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯕꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯨꯅ ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗ ꯕꯣꯔꯀꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯕꯨ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯍꯥꯏꯈꯤꯗꯦ, ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯈꯛꯇꯗ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ... ꯃꯗꯨ "ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯐꯖꯕ" ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯗꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ, ꯅꯨꯄꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯗꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯆꯦꯂꯦꯟꯖ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯁꯤꯃꯁꯨ ꯍꯥꯏꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯜ ꯒꯥꯂꯥꯅꯥ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯐꯖꯕ ꯁꯛꯍꯦꯟꯕ ꯇꯥꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

* 
* 
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯥꯔꯕꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯜꯖꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯁꯍꯥꯔꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯑꯜꯖꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯁꯍꯥꯔꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯁꯍꯥꯔꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯇꯃꯟꯔꯁꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯇꯃꯟꯘꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯜꯖꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯁꯍꯥꯔꯥꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯕꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯌꯣꯜ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

ꯕꯕꯥꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯌꯣꯜ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯍꯔꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯕꯍꯔꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (العربية البحرانية)** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯕꯍꯔꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯆꯥꯗꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯆꯥꯗꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯆꯥꯗꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (لهجة تشادية)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯗ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯉꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯥꯢꯄ꯭ꯔꯠ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯁꯥꯢꯄ꯭ꯔꯠ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠꯇ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯦꯇꯤꯟ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯙꯣꯐꯔꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯙꯣꯐꯔꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯃꯥꯟꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯱꯹꯹꯶ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯷꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯂꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯏꯖꯤꯞꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯕꯦꯗꯥꯋꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯂꯝꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯖꯤꯞ, ꯖꯣꯔꯗꯟ, ꯏꯖ꯭ꯔꯦꯜ, ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯢꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯒꯜꯐ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯒꯜꯐ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (خليجي)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯶ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯶.꯸ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯍꯗ꯭ꯔꯃꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯍꯗ꯭ꯔꯃꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯵ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯴.꯵꯶ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯍꯤꯖꯥꯓꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯍꯤꯖꯥꯓꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯍꯦꯖꯥꯓꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (حجازي)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯱꯴.꯵ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯣꯔꯣꯛꯀꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯃꯣꯔꯣꯛꯀꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (الدارجة; اللهجة المغربية)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯣꯔꯣꯛꯀꯣ ꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯴ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯳꯰.꯵꯵꯱ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯅꯖ꯭ꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯅꯖ꯭ꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (اللهجة النجدية)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯱-꯱꯵ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯴.꯰꯵ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯎꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯌꯥ, ꯖꯣꯔꯗꯟ, ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯋꯥꯢꯠ, ꯏꯔꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯄꯣꯇꯥꯃꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯄꯣꯇꯥꯃꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯄꯣꯇꯥꯃꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯀꯦꯜꯇꯨ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯋꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯱꯹꯹꯲-꯲꯰꯱꯴ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯸.꯷ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯔꯥꯛ, ꯏꯔꯥꯟ, ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯇꯔꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯄ꯭ꯔꯁ ꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯑꯣꯃꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯑꯣꯃꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (اللهجة العمانية)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯣꯃꯥꯟ ꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯈ ꯱꯰ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯥꯏꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯁꯥꯏꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (صعيدى)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯖꯤꯞ ꯇ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯶ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯲꯲.꯴ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯂꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯂꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (ليبي)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯕꯤꯌꯥ ꯗ ꯲꯰꯱꯶ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯶ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯄꯣꯇꯥꯃꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯃꯦꯁꯣꯄꯣꯇꯥꯃꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯏꯔꯥꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ (اللهجة العراقية)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯔꯥꯛ, ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯏꯔꯥꯟ, ꯇꯔꯀꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯹-꯲꯱ ꯗ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯴꯱.꯲ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯅꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯁꯅꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯵ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯱꯱.꯱ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁ꯭ꯍꯤꯍꯍꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯁ꯭ꯍꯤꯍꯍꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯑꯥꯔꯕ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯃꯥꯟ ꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯰꯱-꯰꯳ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯱꯵,꯰꯰꯰ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯂꯦꯋꯦꯟꯇꯥꯢꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯂꯦꯋꯦꯟꯇꯥꯢꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯂꯦꯋꯦꯟꯇꯤꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (اللهجة الشامية الجنوبية)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯣꯔꯗꯟ, ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯢꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯖ꯭ꯔꯦꯜꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯶ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯱꯱.꯶ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯁꯨꯗꯥꯅꯤꯁ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯌꯣꯜ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯁꯨꯗꯥꯅꯤꯁ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯌꯣꯜ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯖꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯨꯗꯥꯅꯤꯁ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ (عربی جوبا)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯇꯥꯏꯓꯓꯤ ꯑꯗꯦꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯇꯥꯏꯓꯓꯤ ꯑꯗꯦꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯌꯦꯃꯦꯅꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ (لهجة تعزية-عدنية)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯵-꯱꯶ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯱꯰.꯴꯸ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯇꯥꯖꯤꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯇꯥꯖꯤꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯃꯌꯥꯢ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯖꯨꯒꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ (العربية الآسيوية الوسطى)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯱꯹꯹꯷-꯲꯰꯰꯳ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯲꯰꯰꯰ ꯁꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯇꯨꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ

**ꯇꯨꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯥꯟ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ** ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯨꯅꯤꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯗ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯊꯩꯁꯤꯡ
꯲꯲꯰꯳

ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯀꯤ ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯌꯦꯛꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯂꯨꯑꯣꯏꯄ ꯀꯥꯈꯟ ꯴ꯂꯩꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯇꯤ ꯆꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯆꯧꯄ ꯑꯃꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯰꯰ ꯇꯀꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯄ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯊꯪꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯤ ꯲꯲꯰꯴ ꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯄꯤꯌꯨ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ

ꯀꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯀꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ

**ꯀꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥ, ꯊꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯟꯗꯥꯃꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯤꯀꯣꯕꯔ ꯏꯊꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯕ ꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯄꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯆꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ

ꯀꯨꯀꯤ ꯆꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕ

ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ, ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟ, ꯏꯇ꯭ꯔꯨꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯟ, ꯅꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
꯳꯳ ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯤ. ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜ

ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯗ ꯅꯣꯡꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯄ ꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡ ꯗ ꯀꯪꯂꯥꯗ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯝꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯥ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ (ꯃꯉꯥꯡ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ) ꯒꯤ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯥꯕ ꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯨꯜ, ꯄꯣꯢꯔꯩꯇꯣꯟ ꯈꯨꯟꯊꯣꯛ ꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫

ꯅꯣꯡꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯄ ꯅ ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯕꯨ ꯈꯨꯗꯨꯝ ꯆꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯗ ꯈꯥꯕ ꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯑꯀꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯟ ꯁꯣꯛꯅꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯏꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯈꯪꯕ ꯉꯝꯏ꯫

## ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯱꯰

ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯱꯰ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯱꯵꯵ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯂꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯦ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯤꯖꯅ ꯄꯟꯗꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ꯫

## ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯱꯵꯵ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯂꯣꯜ

ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯂꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤꯗꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯇꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯄ ꯅ ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯕꯨ ꯃꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯈꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯷ ꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯷

ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤꯗ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯥ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯕꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯒꯨꯜ, ꯄꯣꯢꯔꯩꯇꯣꯟ ꯈꯨꯟꯊꯣꯛꯄ, ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ, ꯊꯋꯥꯟꯊꯥꯕ ꯍꯤꯂꯥꯟ, ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯔꯣꯜ, ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜ ꯂꯝꯕꯨꯕ, ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜ ꯂꯝꯕꯨꯕ, ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ, ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯥꯟ ꯄꯣꯝꯄꯤ ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯎꯄ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ, ꯍꯤꯆꯟ ꯍꯤꯂꯥꯎ, ꯑꯉꯣꯝꯂꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯢꯍꯨꯢ ꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯈꯟꯒꯠꯂꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅ ꯄꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯁꯨ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯋꯥꯀꯣꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯊꯤꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯥꯏꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯀꯣꯛ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯗꯗꯤ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯷ ꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯏꯈꯦꯡꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯛꯄꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ ꯃꯁꯦꯜ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯆꯦꯠꯁꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕ ꯁꯦꯝꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯕ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡꯗꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯅ ꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥ ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯗꯕꯅꯤꯅ ꯆꯨꯝꯃꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗ ꯍꯥꯢꯃꯟꯕ ꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯅꯩꯅꯔꯛꯄꯗ ꯆꯨꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯠꯀꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯆꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ

**ꯀꯥꯆꯤꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯖꯤꯡꯐꯣ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯆꯤꯡꯐꯣ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯇ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯣꯟ
ꯀꯥꯌꯥꯍ ꯂꯣꯟ

**ꯀꯥꯌꯥꯍ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯀꯥꯔꯦꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯀꯥꯔꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯇ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
꯳꯳ ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯤ. ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜ

ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯳꯳ ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯤ. (꯱꯴꯳꯱ ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯀꯨꯝꯆꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ
* ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ
* ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯆꯥ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ
ꯇꯥꯢꯋꯥꯟ

**ꯇꯥꯢꯋꯥꯟ (ꯇꯥꯏꯋꯥꯟ)**  ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ 

 

thumb
thumb|ꯇꯥꯏꯄꯦꯌꯗꯥ ꯱꯰꯱

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ
ꯍꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯟ

**ꯍꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯟ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯁꯇꯥꯏꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯱ꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯖꯦꯔꯨꯁꯦꯂꯦꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯳꯰ ꯔꯣꯝ ꯈꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯀꯩꯗ ꯆꯠꯂꯒ , ꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯹꯳꯰ ꯏꯃꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯂꯩꯊꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯂꯣꯜ

**ꯂꯩꯊꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯂꯣꯜ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯂꯩꯊꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯔꯣꯜ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ** (Leithak Leikharol) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯁꯦꯝ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯏꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯩꯊꯦꯡ (ꯁꯥꯐꯨ) ꯌꯥꯎꯏ ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯟꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯊꯣꯢꯕꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯅ ꯃꯔꯩ ꯁꯥꯡꯅ ꯇꯤꯡꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯍꯤꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯍꯥꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯈꯨꯠꯏ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯤꯛꯁꯤꯡ
ꯂꯥꯏꯋꯥ

ꯂꯥꯏꯋꯥ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯤꯅ ꯈꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤꯕꯁꯤ:
# ꯂꯥꯏꯋꯥ (ꯋꯥꯍꯩ)
# ꯂꯥꯏꯋꯥ (ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ)
ꯂꯥꯏꯋꯥ (ꯋꯥꯍꯩ)

ꯂꯥꯏꯋꯥ (ꯂꯥꯢꯋꯥ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯌꯥꯋꯥ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯕꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯌꯨꯅꯤ

**ꯌꯨꯅꯤ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯎꯅꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯇ꯭ꯔꯨꯁ꯭ꯀꯥꯟ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ, ꯌꯨꯝꯄꯥꯟꯕ, ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯍꯦꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ
ꯍꯣꯡ ꯀꯣꯡ

**ꯍꯣꯡ ꯀꯣꯡ** () ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯥꯔꯜ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯗꯦꯜꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯣꯝꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯃꯀꯥꯎ

**ꯃꯀꯥꯎ** () ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯥꯔꯜ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ ꯗꯦꯜꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯈꯥ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯏꯄꯥꯛ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯶,꯸꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯩ ꯫


ꯐꯥꯏꯜ:Aerial view of Macau at night.jpg|
ꯐꯥꯏꯜ:Macau Skyline (157820121).jpeg|

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯂꯩꯁꯦꯝꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯌꯥ

**ꯂꯩꯁꯦꯝꯂꯣꯟ** ꯄꯨꯌꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯂꯩꯁꯦꯝ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯦꯝꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=135jMeynvZQC&q=leishemlol&dq=leishemlol&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiWwLLy3uvuAhVCVH0KHXYxAeoQ6AEwAXoECAUQAg
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=O1IwvZkp9ZgC&q=leishemlon&dq=leishemlon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwixtfWK3-vuAhXMfn0KHdyfAbgQ6AEwAXoECAEQAg
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=C2Q-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PT358&dq=leisemlon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjA6ZHn3-vuAhVZlEsFHRnzBSEQ6AEwBnoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q=leisemlon&f=false

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯀꯥꯆꯤꯟ

**ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯀꯥꯆꯤꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯆꯤꯟ** (:simple:Sanamahi Kachin) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯢꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯃꯥꯢꯀꯩꯗ ꯀꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯀꯥꯆꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯩꯃꯂꯦꯜ ꯁꯤꯇꯄꯤ ꯲ꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯏꯃꯣꯢꯅꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯁꯨ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯩ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯂꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ

**ꯃꯂꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ (ꯃꯦꯂꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ
ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯣꯔ

**ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯣꯔ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ

## ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯇꯤꯃꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ

"ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔ" ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯂꯦꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡ, ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯥ () ꯒꯤ ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯟꯂꯅ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ꯃꯥꯂꯦ ꯈꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛ: [siŋapura] (i)), ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯪꯗ ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ 'ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥ ꯁꯍꯔ' (ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ: sinhpuar; romanized: Siṃhapura; ꯕ꯭ꯔꯍꯃꯤ: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳𑀧𑀼𑀭; ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅ "ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥ ꯁꯍꯔ"; ꯁꯤꯝꯍ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ 'ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥ' ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ, ꯄꯨꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ 'ꯁꯍꯔ' ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ 'ꯂꯥꯟꯕꯟ')꯫ [꯱]  ꯄꯨꯂꯥꯎ ꯎꯖꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔ ꯏꯊꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯍꯨꯝꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ Pú Luó Zhōng (Chinese: 蒲 羅 中), ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦ ꯃꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯟꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏ 'ꯏꯊꯠ ꯑꯦꯠ ꯗ ꯗ ꯗ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑ ꯄꯦꯅꯤꯟꯁꯨꯂꯥ' ꯫ [꯲]  *ꯇꯦꯃꯥꯁꯦꯛ* (ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯇꯨꯃꯥꯁꯤꯛ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯳꯶꯵ꯗ ꯏꯕ ꯖꯥꯚꯥꯅꯤꯖ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯥꯒꯥꯔꯥꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯇꯒꯥꯃꯥꯗ ꯐꯪꯉꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯃꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯚꯤꯌꯦꯠꯅꯥꯃꯤꯁꯀꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯤ ꯁꯤ ꯇꯥꯎꯟ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦ ꯇꯥꯁꯦꯛꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯤ 'ꯁꯃꯨꯗ꯭ꯔ' ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ 'ꯄꯥꯠ' ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ꯫ [꯳ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯡ ꯗꯥꯌꯨꯑꯥꯟꯅ ꯗꯥꯟꯃꯛꯁꯤ (ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯤꯁ: 淡馬錫; pinyin: Dànmǎxí; ꯋꯦꯗ–ꯒꯥꯏꯜꯁ: ꯇꯥꯟ ꯃꯥ ꯍꯁꯤ) ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯇꯥꯝ ꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯌꯥꯛ, ꯈꯣꯟꯊꯣꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ; ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯃꯥꯁꯦꯛꯀꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞꯁꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯏꯊꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯝꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯦ ꯇꯥꯅꯥꯍ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯤ 'ꯂꯝ' ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯤꯁ ꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯤ 'ꯇꯤꯟ'ꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ ꯫ [꯴][꯳]

ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯊꯨꯡꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯁꯤꯍꯄꯨꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫   ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ–ꯕꯨꯙꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯀꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯗ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯕꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯗꯨ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯇꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ [13][꯱] ꯱꯵ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯄꯥꯂꯦꯝꯕꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯦꯜꯂꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯨꯃꯥꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟ ꯔꯥꯖꯥ (ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯃꯆꯥ) ꯑꯃꯅ ꯏꯊꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈ꯭ꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯇꯦꯃꯥꯁꯦꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯨꯠ ꯁꯤꯟꯈꯤ꯫  ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯞ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯈꯪꯗ ꯭ ꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯈꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯕ ꯃꯂꯦ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯜꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯇꯦꯃꯥꯁꯦꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯂꯦꯝꯕꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯳ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯨꯃꯥꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟ ꯔꯥꯖꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯂꯥ ꯎꯇꯥꯃꯥꯅ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯗ ꯑꯦꯟꯅꯜꯁꯅ ꯁꯡ ꯅꯤꯂꯥ ꯎꯇꯥꯃꯥꯅ ꯏꯊꯠꯇ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯇꯣꯞ ꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯁꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯐꯠꯇꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯎꯕꯗꯒꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯥ-ꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯥ ꯁꯍꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ꯫ [꯲꯳꯷, ꯸꯸–꯹꯲ [꯳]: ꯳꯰–꯳꯱ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯤꯖ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯊꯦꯁꯤꯁ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯊꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯂꯦꯝꯕꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯄꯔꯃꯦꯁ꯭ꯋꯔꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯄꯔꯃꯦꯁ ꯭ ꯋꯔꯅ ꯃꯖꯥꯄꯥꯍꯤꯠ ꯅꯤꯡꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥ ꯐꯝꯕꯥꯜ ꯑꯃ ꯀꯥꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯖꯥꯚꯥꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯩꯕꯥꯛ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯆꯠꯍꯜꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ *ꯇꯦꯃꯥꯁꯦꯛ* ꯈꯨꯗꯨꯝ ꯆꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ *ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯥ* ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯐꯝꯕꯥꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯖꯥꯄꯥꯅꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ, ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯌꯣꯅꯟ-ꯇꯨ (ꯖꯥꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖ: ¥ ¥, ꯍꯦꯞꯕꯔꯟ: ꯁꯣꯅꯟ) ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ 'ꯈꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯩ "ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯎ-ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ "ꯒꯥꯔꯗꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯤ" ꯍꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕ ꯃꯤꯡ, "ꯂꯤꯇꯜ ꯔꯦꯗ ꯗꯣꯠ" ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯱꯹꯹꯸ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯒꯁꯠ ꯴ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯋꯥꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ ꯖꯔꯅꯦꯜꯗ ꯐꯣꯡꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯏꯟꯗꯣꯅꯦꯁꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯔꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯄꯇꯤ ꯕꯤ.ꯖꯦ. ꯍꯕꯤꯕꯤꯅ ꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥꯄꯨꯔꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯞ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯗꯣꯠ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯀꯧꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯛꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ꯫ [꯴][꯵][꯶][꯷]
ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯌꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯍꯨꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ

**ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯌꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯍꯨꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦ ꯊꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯩꯆꯠ ꯳꯰ ꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯏ, ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯣꯈꯠꯅꯕ ꯫ ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ (ꯊꯥꯡ ꯇꯥ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯏꯈꯔꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯥꯛꯄꯨꯔꯦꯜ, ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯥꯛꯍꯟꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯊꯧꯋꯥꯏ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯃꯥꯡꯗꯅꯕ ꯌꯣꯈꯠꯇꯨꯅ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯗ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯤꯔꯝꯕ ꯁꯔꯤꯠ ꯁꯔꯥꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ , ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅ ꯋꯥꯅ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯖꯔꯝꯕ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯗ ꯀꯅꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯌꯦꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯥꯏꯊꯤꯕ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯉꯝꯕ, ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡ ꯇꯤꯟꯆꯪ-ꯀꯥꯏꯆꯪꯇꯗꯅ ꯊꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯕꯨ ꯊꯦꯡꯈꯥꯡ ꯲ꯔꯛ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯝꯕ, ꯇꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯤꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
ꯑꯗꯨꯉꯩ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯸꯹꯱ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯤꯁꯅ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯈꯔꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯩ ꯊꯥꯡ ꯇꯥ, ꯃꯨꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯝꯕ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯟꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯆꯨꯔꯥꯆꯥꯟꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯂꯝꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯳꯴ ꯗ ꯃꯤꯐꯝ ꯀꯧꯗꯨꯅ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯸ꯁꯨꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞꯇ ꯊꯥꯡ ꯇꯥ, ꯃꯨꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯝꯕꯗ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕ ꯊꯝꯂꯝꯕꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯝꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯸꯰ꯗ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯅꯧꯍꯧꯅꯅ ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯡ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯝꯕ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯟꯕꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯒ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯀ ꯌꯥꯅꯕ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯑꯊꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ
ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕ ꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯑꯗꯗꯤ ꯋꯄꯥꯎ **ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕꯅ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯇ ꯉꯥꯏꯔꯕ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ** ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯗꯨꯅ, 
ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯊꯥꯡ ꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯤꯠ ꯁꯔꯥꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯅꯕ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯔꯣꯜꯗ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯣꯟ ꯆꯨꯝꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯣꯝ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯞ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯂꯕꯗ: 
### ꯃꯦ ꯲꯵
ꯃꯦ ꯲꯵, ꯏꯄꯨꯊꯧ ꯄꯨꯈ꯭ꯔꯝꯕꯝ ꯀꯥꯖꯥꯎꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯆꯩꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯅ ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯌꯦꯟꯗꯝꯅꯕ ꯱ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯫
### ꯃꯦ ꯳꯰
ꯃꯦ ꯳꯰ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ ꯌꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯍꯨꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯅ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯍꯨꯌꯦꯟ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯣꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ
ꯗꯥ ꯒꯤꯐꯇꯦꯠ (ꯊꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯇꯦꯂꯦꯚꯤꯁꯟ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯁ)

**ꯗꯥ ꯒꯤꯐꯇꯦꯠ** (**ꯊꯥꯢ**:*The Gifted* – *นักเรียนพลังกิฟต์* ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ. ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯸ꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯇꯦꯂꯤꯚꯤꯖꯟꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯡꯀꯛ ꯅꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯐꯝ

* ''The Gifted'' on GMM 25 website 
* ''The Gifted''  on LINE TV

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯨꯞ ꯅꯥꯏꯕ ꯃꯃꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯍꯩ
ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯣ

**ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯣ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ
ꯀꯣꯍꯤꯃꯥ

**ꯊꯤꯄꯣꯝꯃꯩ** (**ꯀꯣꯍꯤꯃꯥ**) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯅꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟ
ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯥ

**ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯥ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Malem Ningthouja**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ
### ꯃꯍꯩ ꯃꯁꯤꯟ
ꯗ.ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯥ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯀꯣꯂꯦꯖ, ꯗꯦꯜꯍꯤ ꯇꯒꯤ ꯕꯤ.ꯑꯦ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯟꯂꯛꯈꯤ, ꯗꯦꯜꯍꯤ ꯇꯥꯏꯕꯪ ꯃꯍꯩꯀꯣꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ (ꯍꯤꯁꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ)ꯗ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦ, ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯐꯤꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯤꯍꯩꯆ.ꯗꯤ ꯐꯪꯉꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯏꯕ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:
ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯗ ꯂꯣꯟꯌꯥꯟ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ

ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯗ ꯂꯣꯟꯌꯥꯟ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯒꯤ ꯂꯦꯡꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ:-
### ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
#### ꯀ
# ꯀꯔꯃ = 
# ꯀꯔꯇꯕ꯭ꯌ = ꯏꯊꯧ
# ꯀꯕꯤ = ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ ꯏꯕ, ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡꯕ
# +ꯀꯥꯟꯗ = ꯃꯇꯝꯗ

#### ꯁ
# ꯁ꯭ꯋꯔꯒ/ꯁ꯭ꯋꯔꯒ ꯂꯣꯛ/ꯁꯔꯒ = ꯅꯣꯡꯊꯛ
# ꯁꯥꯍꯤꯇ꯭ꯌ = ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ, ꯈꯣꯔꯤꯂꯣꯜ
#### ꯄ
# ꯄ꯭ꯔꯇꯤꯅꯤꯙꯤ = ꯃꯤꯍꯨꯠ

#### ꯗ
# ꯗꯦꯕꯂꯣꯛ = ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯝꯂꯦꯟ (ꯂꯥꯢꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ) 
# ꯗꯦꯕꯇꯥ = ꯂꯥꯢ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ
# ꯗꯦꯕꯤ = ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ

#### ꯙ
# ꯙꯔꯃ = ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ, ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯂꯣꯟꯗ ꯂꯣꯟꯌꯥꯟ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯣ ꯁꯤꯇꯤ

thumb|375x375px|ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯣ ꯁꯤꯇꯤ
**ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯣ ꯁꯤꯇꯤ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯀꯣ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ
ꯅꯥꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟ

**ꯅꯥꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯗ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯥꯟꯃꯥꯔ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ, ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯅ ꯑꯁꯥꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇꯅ ꯑꯔꯨꯅꯥꯆꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯀ ꯌꯨꯝꯊꯪꯅꯅ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯀꯣꯍꯤꯃꯥꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯅꯥꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯀꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ-ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯋꯥꯔ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯱꯶,꯵꯷꯹ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯱꯹,꯸꯰,꯶꯰꯲ ꯃꯨꯛꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯅꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ
ꯌꯨꯏꯑꯦꯐꯑꯦ ꯏꯌꯨꯔꯣ ꯲꯰꯲꯰

**UEFA ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯀꯥꯎ ꯀꯥꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯝ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕ ꯲꯰꯲꯰** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯌꯨ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯦ ꯏꯎꯔꯣ ꯲꯰꯲꯰** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **UEFA Euro 2020**)  ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯱꯶ꯁꯨꯕ UEFA ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯀꯥꯎ ꯀꯥꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯝ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕ ꯊꯧꯔꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯲꯱ꯒꯤ  ꯖꯨꯟ ꯱꯱ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯢ ꯱꯱ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯱꯲ꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯱꯲ ꯗ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯀꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ ꯑꯁꯤ UEFA ꯏꯎꯔꯣꯞꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯀꯥꯎ ꯀꯥꯡꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯝ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯶꯰ꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯄꯣꯛ ꯀꯨꯝꯑꯣꯟ ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯒꯤꯅꯤ ꯫ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯊꯣꯛꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯔꯤ ꯫ 

ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯔꯆ ꯱꯷ꯇ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥ ꯃꯍꯤꯛ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯔꯛꯄꯗꯒꯤ ꯲꯰꯲꯱-ꯇꯪꯈꯥꯢ ꯐꯥꯎ ꯌꯩꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ

ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯨꯡ ꯱꯱ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯒꯅꯤ ꯫ 
ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯂꯤꯝꯄꯤꯀꯣ ꯗ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯄꯨꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ:-

# Allianz Arena in Munich, Germany
# Arena Națională in Bucharest, Romania
# Olympic Stadium in Baku, Azerbaijan
# Hampden Park in Glasgow, Scotland
# Johan Cruyff Arena in Amsterdam, Netherlands
# Krestovsky Stadium in St. Petersburg, Russia
# La Cartuja in Seville, Spain
# Parken Stadium in Copenhagen, Denmark
# Puskás Aréna in Budapest, Hungary
# Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Italy
# Wembley Stadium in London, England

## ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯐꯤꯕꯝꯁꯤꯡ

### ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯀ)

### ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯁ)

### ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯂ)

### ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯃ)

### ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯄ)

### ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ (ꯅ)

### ꯳ꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯀꯟꯕ ꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡ

## ꯄꯥꯟꯖꯤꯜ ꯆꯟꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ
### ꯄꯥꯟꯖꯤꯜ ꯲
* Romelu Lukaku
* Patrik Schick
* Ciro Immobile
* Manuel Locatelli
* Denzel Dumfries
* Cristiano Ronaldo
* Roman Yaremchuk
* Andriy Yarmolenko

### ꯄꯥꯟꯖꯤꯜ ꯱
* Marko Arnautović
* Michael Gregoritsch
* Stefan Lainer
* Kevin De Bruyne
* Thorgan Hazard
* Thomas Meunier
* Yussuf Poulsen
* Raheem Sterling
* Joel Pohjanpalo
* Lorenzo Insigne
* Memphis Depay
* Wout Weghorst
* Georginio Wijnaldum
* Ezgjan Alioski
* Goran Pandev
* Karol Linetty
* Raphaël Guerreiro
* Aleksei Miranchuk
* Milan Škriniar
* Breel Embolo
* Kieffer Moore
* Aaron Ramsey
* Connor Roberts

### ꯄꯥꯟꯖꯤꯜ ꯱ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅ
* Mats Hummels (ꯐ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯆꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯌꯣꯛꯇ)
* Wojciech Szczęsny (against Slovakia)
* Merih Demiral (against Italy)

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯌꯨ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯦ ꯏꯎꯔꯣ ꯲꯰꯲꯰
ꯑꯕ꯭ꯌꯨ

**ꯑꯕ꯭ꯌꯨ (Abiu)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯎ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯎ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ  ꯗꯒꯤ  ꯐꯥꯎ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯏ ꯫  ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯨꯜꯂꯒ ꯅꯥꯄꯨ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯛꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯎꯍꯩ
ꯑꯀꯥꯢ ꯄꯥꯝ

**ꯑꯀꯥꯢ ꯄꯥꯝ (Açaí palm)** (**ꯑꯁꯁꯥꯢ ꯄꯥꯝ (Assai palm)**) ꯁꯤ ꯄꯥꯝ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯷ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯗ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯗ ꯍꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ black-purple ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯅ ꯑꯪꯒꯨꯔꯃꯨꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯩꯁꯤ *euterpe* ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯨꯗꯤ ꯌꯥꯝ ꯆꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯁꯤ ꯆꯔꯣꯡ ꯷꯰꯰ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯹꯰꯰ ꯐꯥꯎ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯔꯣꯂꯥ

**ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯔꯣꯂꯥ (Acerola)** *(ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ:- Malpighia emarginata)* ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯕ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗ ꯆꯦꯔꯔꯤ ꯃꯥꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ 

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯛꯀꯤ

**ꯑꯛꯀꯤ (ackee)**, (ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ:- *Blighia sapida*) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯤꯆꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯣꯡꯒꯥꯟꯒ ꯅꯛꯅꯕ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯑꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯨꯗꯨꯝꯕꯥꯚꯤꯂꯥꯛꯀꯨ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯐꯪꯏ ꯫ 
ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯦꯞꯇꯦꯟ ꯋꯤꯂꯤꯌꯝ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯘ ꯄꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯢ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯃꯥꯢꯀꯥ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯂꯩꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯱꯷꯹꯳ ꯗ ꯄꯨꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯎꯍꯩ
ꯀꯤꯋꯥꯅꯣ

**ꯀꯤꯋꯥꯅꯣ (Kiwano)** (ꯅꯩꯅꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟ:- *Cucumis metuliferus*), ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯃꯆꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯦꯂꯣꯟ (horned melon)** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯊꯨꯝꯕ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯆꯠꯄ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯁꯤ ꯊꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯔꯕꯨꯖ ꯁꯥꯒꯩꯗ ꯇꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ *[[Cucurbitaceae]]* ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯒꯩꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ "horned melon" ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯆꯤ  ꯃꯥꯟꯕ ꯇꯤꯡꯈꯪ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯎꯍꯩ
ꯃꯥꯜꯍꯩ

**ꯃꯥꯜꯍꯩ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯨꯞ ꯁꯥꯒꯩꯒꯤ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯝꯒ ꯅꯛꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯎꯍꯩ
ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ

**ꯍꯩ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ** ꯑꯃ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯟꯁꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯄꯤ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯦ ꯫   

The following items are fruits, according to the scientific definition, but are sometimes considered to be vegetables:
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯣꯂꯤꯝꯄꯤꯀꯣ

**ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯗꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯣꯂꯤꯝꯄꯤꯀꯣ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ: **Stadio Olimpico**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯝ, ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯗ, ꯂꯩꯕ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯷꯰,꯰꯰꯰ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯆꯟꯕ ꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯈꯣꯠꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯕ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯣꯔꯣ ꯏꯇꯥꯂꯤꯀꯣ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯣꯔꯁ ꯀꯝꯄ꯭ꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯃꯅꯨꯡ ꯆꯟꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ, ꯁꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯕꯤꯜꯕꯦꯔꯔꯤ

**ꯕꯤꯜꯕꯦꯔꯔꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢ ꯋꯥꯢꯔꯞ ꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯤꯗ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯎꯍꯩ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯃꯥꯢ ꯅꯛꯅ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯅꯁ genus Vacciniumꯗ ꯆꯤꯡꯉꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯏꯁꯣ ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯎ

**ꯏꯁꯣ ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯎ** (**Mount Iso** or **Mt.Iso** or **Mt.Tempu**)  ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯎꯅꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯒꯥꯂꯦꯟ, ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯝꯈꯩ ꯄꯔꯤꯡ ꯅꯛꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯲꯹꯹꯴ ꯋꯥꯡꯈꯠꯅ ꯏꯄꯥꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯎ
ꯂꯥꯏꯀꯣꯛ ꯍꯨꯨꯏꯃꯨꯂꯩ ꯄꯨꯛꯁꯤꯈꯣꯝꯕꯤ

**ꯂꯥꯏꯀꯣꯛ ꯍꯨꯏꯃꯨꯂꯩ ꯄꯨꯛꯁꯤꯈꯣꯝꯕꯤ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯄꯨꯛꯁꯤꯈꯣꯝꯕꯤ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯡ ꯁꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯣꯛꯄꯤ ꯀꯣꯂꯣꯏ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:
ꯇꯥꯡꯆꯥ ꯂꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯄ

**ꯇꯥꯡꯖ ꯂꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯕ** () (꯱꯴꯴꯵ BC-꯱꯴꯰꯵ BC) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ) ꯀꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯄ (꯱꯴꯰꯵ BC- ꯱꯳꯵꯹ BC) ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯐꯝꯄꯥꯜ ꯆꯥ (ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯣꯢ ꯀꯣꯢ) (꯱꯳꯵꯹ BC-꯱꯳꯲꯹ BC)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯍꯧ ꯍꯥꯎ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯁꯤꯟꯄꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯔꯣꯢꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯗ "ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯕ" ꯀꯧꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ "ꯇꯥꯡꯖ ꯂꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯕ" ꯁꯨ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯂꯪꯗꯥꯢꯁꯤꯡ
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=GmZuAAAAMAAJ&dq=Taangja+Leela+Paakhangba+Sinbee+Leima&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Taangja+Leela+Sinbee+Leima
* https://sites.google.com/site/informationofodisha/history/meitei-kings-of-manipur 
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=_azACQAAQBAJ&pg=PT1639&dq=taangja+leelaa+paakhangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwioz-bd557xAhWsIbcAHYXEBrQQ6AEwAXoECAMQAw#v=onepage&q=taangja%20leelaa%20paakhangba&f=false
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ

**ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯜꯆꯥ (꯱꯳꯵꯹ ꯱꯳꯲꯹ BC)**, ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯃꯔꯤ ꯌꯥ ꯐꯝꯕꯥꯜ ꯆꯥ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯀꯣꯢ ꯀꯣꯢ**, ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ)ꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯹ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯵ꯁꯨꯕꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯐꯝꯕꯥꯜ ꯀꯥꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯊꯥꯄꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯂꯤꯌꯥ ꯐꯝ ꯀꯨꯝꯁꯤꯡꯂꯣꯟ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯂꯪꯗꯥꯢ
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=9jtuAAAAMAAJ&dq=king+koi+koi+Manipur&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=koikoi
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯄ

**ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯕ (꯱꯴꯰꯵ BC-꯱꯳꯵꯹ BC)** () ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ (ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ) ꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯜ ꯀꯥꯡꯆꯩ (ꯄꯣꯂꯣ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯧꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ) ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤꯄ ꯀꯤꯇꯃꯛ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ꯫
ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯡꯆꯥ ꯂꯤꯜ ꯄꯥꯈꯪꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯁꯤꯟꯕꯤ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯔꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯢꯆꯤꯡ ꯇ ꯄꯥꯟꯄ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ, ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤ, ꯂꯩꯃ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯇꯂꯤꯠꯅꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯂꯣꯢꯄꯅꯤ꯫ 

ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯄ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯧꯄꯂꯨ ꯆꯤꯡꯇ ꯁꯨꯂꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯏ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯄꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯅꯩꯅꯕ ꯈꯔꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯁꯂꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯡꯊꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯈꯔꯅꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯉꯥꯟꯄ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯆꯥ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯝꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢ ꯫

ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯸ ꯗ, ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯅ ꯀꯥꯡꯃꯣꯡ ꯈꯨꯜꯗ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯥꯡꯄ ꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯨꯐꯝ **ꯁꯦꯝꯒꯠꯀꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ**꯫
## ꯃꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ
* ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕ

## ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯂꯪꯗꯥꯢꯁꯤꯡ
* https://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/puwarimeitei.html#(i)%20The%20Ancient%20(before%20christ)
* https://themanipurpage.tripod.com/history/sagolkangjei.html
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=-CzSQKVmveUC&pg=PA404&dq=king+ningthou+kangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBgL_5vZzxAhVUeX0KHb-0BR4Q6AEwA3oECAMQAw#v=onepage&q=king%20ningthou%20kangba&f=false
* http://e-pao.net/GP.asp?src=30..070418.apr18
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=1o-HDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA66&dq=king+ningthou+kangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBgL_5vZzxAhVUeX0KHb-0BR4Q6AEwAXoECAoQAw#v=onepage&q=king%20ningthou%20kangba&f=false
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=uDLPDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT4&dq=king+ningthou+kangba&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBgL_5vZzxAhVUeX0KHb-0BR4Q6AEwAHoECAsQAw#v=onepage&q=king%20ningthou%20kangba&f=false
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯥꯕꯨꯜ

**ꯀꯥꯕꯨꯜ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯒꯥꯅꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯟꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ
ꯇꯤꯔꯥꯅꯥ

**ꯇꯤꯔꯥꯅꯥ** ( ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ *Tirana*) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯜꯕꯥꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯰꯳ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯳꯵꯳,꯴꯰꯰ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ
ꯑꯜꯖꯤꯌꯔꯁ

**ꯑꯜꯖꯤꯌꯔꯁ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯜꯖꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫  ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯱꯵,꯱꯹,꯵꯷꯰ ꯁꯨꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯔꯔꯥ ꯂꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯂꯥ

**ꯑꯦꯦꯟꯗꯣꯔꯔꯥ ꯂꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯂꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯣꯔꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯄꯦꯔꯤꯁ (ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯃꯆꯥ ꯈꯥꯢꯕ) ꯷ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯥꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞꯂꯣꯝꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯌꯥꯡ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ

**ꯃꯌꯥꯡ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜꯗꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯔꯣꯝꯗ ꯀꯤꯂꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯳꯰ ꯂꯥꯞꯅ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯇꯥꯎꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕ

**ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯪ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕ** () ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ) ꯗ ꯄꯥꯜꯂꯝꯕ ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯍꯤꯆꯟ ꯍꯤꯂꯥꯎ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯂꯣꯜ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡ ꯍꯤꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯤꯌꯥꯡ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯕ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯄꯜꯂꯤ ꯫
ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯅꯩꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯢꯔꯩꯇꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯴ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯁꯨꯂꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯂꯣꯢ ꯹ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯏ ꯫
ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯖꯥ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯌꯥꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯗꯤ ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯏꯄꯨꯡꯉꯣ ꯅꯥꯎꯊꯤꯡꯈꯣꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯥ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ, ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯨꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯃꯁꯨ ꯁꯨꯊꯥꯡꯒ ꯅꯥꯎꯊꯤꯡꯈꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤꯒ ꯂꯨꯍꯣꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯫

ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯅ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯅꯠꯇꯅ ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯒꯨꯝ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ
ꯂꯨꯑꯥꯟꯗꯥ

**ꯂꯨꯑꯥꯟꯗꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯪꯒꯣꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯗꯤ **Loanda (ꯂꯣꯑꯥꯟꯗꯥ)** ꯀꯧꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯟꯇ꯭ꯂꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯏꯄꯥꯛꯇ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯍꯤꯊꯥꯡꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯨ ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯎ

**ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯨ ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯎ** () ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ, ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕ ꯆꯤꯡꯖꯥꯎꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯐꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯟꯙ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯦꯁ

**ꯑꯟꯙ꯭ꯔ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯦꯁ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ 
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯕꯤꯍꯥꯔ

**ꯕꯤꯍꯥꯔ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯩꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯕꯤꯍꯥꯔ
ꯆ꯭ꯍꯠꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯒꯔꯍ

**ꯆ꯭ꯍꯠꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯒꯔꯍ (ꯆ꯭ꯍꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯒꯔꯍ)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯢ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯆ꯭ꯍꯇꯤꯁꯒꯔꯍ
ꯒꯧꯋꯥ

**ꯒꯧꯑꯥ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯒꯧꯋꯥ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯒꯣꯋꯥ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯒꯣꯑꯥ** (**Goa**) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯒꯧꯋꯥ
ꯓꯥꯔꯈꯟ꯭ꯗ

**ꯓꯥꯔꯈꯟ꯭ꯗ (झारखण्ड, झारखंड)** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯗꯤ ꯔꯥꯟꯆꯤꯅ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯓꯔꯈꯟ
ꯀꯦꯔꯂꯥ

**ꯀꯦꯔꯂꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ (ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯗꯤ ꯇꯤꯔꯨꯚꯅꯟꯇꯄꯨꯔꯝꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯂꯌꯥꯂꯝ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯦꯔꯂꯥ
ꯀꯔꯅꯥꯇꯀꯥ

**ꯀꯔꯅꯥꯇꯀꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯗꯤ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯂꯣꯔ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯟꯅꯗ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯅ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯢ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥ

**ꯃꯦꯘꯥꯂꯌꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯜꯂꯣꯡꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯗꯤ ꯈꯥꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯒꯥꯔꯣ ꯂꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯁꯥ

**ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯁꯥ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯎꯔꯤꯁꯥ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯥ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯎꯗꯤꯁꯥ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯗꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ (ꯎꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯣꯟ) ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯣꯗꯤꯁꯥ
ꯁꯤꯛꯀꯤꯝ

**ꯁꯤꯛꯀꯤꯝ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯣꯟꯗꯤ ꯁꯤꯛꯀꯤꯝꯃꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯁꯤꯛꯀꯤꯝ
ꯎꯠꯇꯔꯈꯟ

**ꯎꯠꯇꯔꯈꯟ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯎꯠꯇꯔꯑꯟꯆꯜ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯎꯠꯇꯔꯈꯟ
ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯜ

**ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯣꯜ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯜ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯕꯪꯒ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯦꯁ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯈꯥꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯂꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯥꯜ
ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ

**ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ** 

# ꯀꯛꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ 
# ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯣꯛꯄꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯀꯥꯝꯖꯣꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯅꯣꯅꯦ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯆꯥꯟꯗꯦꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯆꯨꯔꯆꯥꯟꯗꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯇꯃꯦꯡꯂꯣꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯇꯦꯡꯅꯧꯄꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯊꯧꯕꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯎꯈ꯭ꯔꯨꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯐꯦꯔꯓꯥꯎꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝ ꯄꯅꯥ
# ꯂꯃꯥꯡꯗꯣꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯣꯛꯄꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ

ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯣꯛꯄꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯄꯣꯛꯄꯤ ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯀꯥꯝꯖꯣꯡ

ꯀꯥꯝꯖꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯀꯥꯝꯖꯣꯡ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯅꯤ ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ

ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒ ꯈꯪꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤ:
# ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ
# ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟ
# ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ
ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ

**ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ)ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯊꯣꯟ

ꯁꯦꯅꯥꯄꯇꯤ (ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ: सेनापति) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯃꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯂꯥꯟꯆꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯂꯦꯜ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯅꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯅꯣꯅꯦ

**ꯅꯣꯅꯦ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯂꯣꯡꯃꯥꯢ** (ꯂꯣꯪꯃꯥꯢ, ꯂꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏ, ꯂꯣꯪꯃꯥꯏ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯣꯅꯦ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯅꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ)ꯇꯤ ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯝꯄꯥꯠꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ
ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯝꯄꯥꯠ

**ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯝꯄꯥꯠ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯇꯤ ꯂꯝꯐꯦꯜꯄꯥꯠ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ꯫ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯕ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯢ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯂꯝꯐꯦꯜꯄꯥꯠ

ꯂꯝꯐꯦꯜꯄꯥꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯏꯝꯐꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯆꯥꯟꯗꯦꯜ

ꯆꯥꯟꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯆꯥꯟꯗꯦꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯌꯥꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯆꯨꯔꯆꯥꯟꯗꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥ

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**ꯆꯨꯔꯆꯥꯟꯗꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯇꯤ ꯆꯨꯔꯆꯥꯟꯗꯄꯨꯔ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯆꯤꯡꯃꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯀꯌꯥꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯊꯧꯕꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯊꯧꯕꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ** (ꯊꯧꯄꯥꯜ ꯄꯅꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ)ꯇꯤ ꯊꯧꯕꯥꯜꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄꯅꯥ
ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯇꯤ ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯕꯪꯒꯥꯂꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝ

**ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯗꯀ꯭ꯋꯥꯇꯔ (ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯐꯝ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ) ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯁꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯅ ꯈꯨꯟꯗꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯖꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥꯝ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯄꯨꯜꯂꯞ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯒꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯇꯒꯤ ꯕꯪꯒꯥꯂꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ
ꯃꯉꯥꯡ ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯈꯨꯃꯟ

**ꯃꯉꯥꯡ ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ()** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ (ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ) ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯳ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯳ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ: ꯃꯉꯥꯡ ꯁꯤꯇꯄ, ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯁꯤꯇꯄ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯄ ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯁꯂꯥꯢ ꯷ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯳ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯉꯥꯡ, ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯃꯟꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯣꯛꯄꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ (ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯅꯤꯄꯨꯔ)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅ ꯂꯥꯠꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯉꯥꯡ ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯳ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅ ꯆꯦꯠꯅ ꯂꯥꯠꯅꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯅꯥꯃꯍꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯗꯗꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕ ꯐꯪꯅꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯆꯤꯛꯄ ꯐꯪꯅꯕ ꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯨꯞꯄ ꯂꯝꯕꯦꯜꯗꯤ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯕꯨ ꯆꯦꯠꯅ ꯆꯥꯟꯅ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯖꯕ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯠ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ, ꯃꯉꯥꯡ ꯕꯨ ꯀꯣꯛ, ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯕꯨ ꯊꯕꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯕꯨ ꯃꯃꯩ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ ꯫

꯱꯸ꯁꯨꯕ ꯆꯍꯤꯆꯥꯗ ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯄꯨꯝꯕ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯳ ꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯒ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ ꯒꯤ ꯒꯣꯇ꯭ꯔ ꯹ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯳ ꯒ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯍꯟꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯉꯥꯡ ꯕꯨ ꯑꯩꯇꯦꯔꯦꯌꯥ ꯒꯣꯇ꯭ꯔ, ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯕꯨ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯌꯞ ꯒꯣꯇ꯭ꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯃꯟ ꯕꯨ ꯃꯙꯨꯒꯂ꯭ꯌ ꯒꯣꯇ꯭ꯔ ꯒ ꯄꯥꯡꯈꯛ ꯑꯣꯢꯍꯟꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯏꯟꯗꯣ-ꯑꯥꯔꯌꯥꯟ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯒꯨꯔꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯳ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯗ ꯇꯞꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯅꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯊꯤꯜꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯣꯟ ꯏꯁꯩꯗ ꯄꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯢꯁꯣꯟ ꯁꯛꯅꯈꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ ꯂꯪꯗꯥꯢꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯥꯛꯁꯥ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯕꯥꯛꯁꯥ ꯄꯅꯥ** ( ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ; ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯗꯣꯂꯦꯟ ꯇꯦꯔꯤꯇꯣꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯨꯁꯥꯜꯄꯨꯔꯅ ꯕꯥꯛꯁꯥ ꯄꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯥꯏꯂꯣꯏꯁꯪ ꯃꯐꯝꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯕꯥꯖꯥꯂꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯕꯥꯖꯥꯂꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯔꯄꯦꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯧꯅ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯀꯦꯕꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔ ꯁꯔꯕꯥꯅꯟꯗ ꯁꯣꯅꯣꯋꯥꯜꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯲꯰ ꯑꯥꯒꯁ ꯱꯰ ꯗ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯕ ꯄꯤꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫

ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯲꯱ ꯖꯥꯟꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯱ ꯗ ꯕꯥꯖꯥꯂꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯣꯚꯔꯅꯔ ꯖꯥꯒꯗꯤꯁ ꯃꯨꯈꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯳꯴ꯁꯨꯕ ꯄꯅꯥꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯂꯝꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯨꯃꯤꯠ

ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ, ꯕꯥꯖꯥꯂꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯗ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯱,꯰꯲,꯴꯲꯵ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯹꯶,꯵꯹꯹ ꯅ ꯑꯁꯥꯃꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ, ꯱꯲꯰꯵ ꯅ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯥꯂꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ, ꯵꯶꯳ ꯅ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ, ꯳,꯹꯵꯱ ꯅ ꯕꯣꯗꯣ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯰.꯶꯷% ꯅ ꯑꯇꯩ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯡꯏ ꯫

ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡ-ꯂꯤꯆꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯨ- ꯹꯶,꯷꯹꯹, ꯃꯨꯁꯂꯤꯝ- ꯵꯴꯷꯲, ꯑꯇꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯕꯥꯖꯥꯂꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ
ꯕꯥꯔꯄꯦꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯕꯥꯔꯄꯦꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯥ** {Pron:bə(r)ˈpeɪtə or bə(r)ˈpi:tə} ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯂꯣꯏꯁꯪ ꯕꯥꯔꯄꯦꯇꯥꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯳꯲꯴꯵&nbsp;km² ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯱꯶,꯴꯲,꯴꯲꯰ ꯑꯣꯏ (ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯰꯱ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯗ) ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯕꯥꯔꯄꯦꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯥ
ꯏꯔꯤꯛꯊꯣꯅꯤꯌꯁ (ꯑꯊꯤꯟꯁ)

**ꯏꯔꯤꯛꯊꯣꯅꯤꯌꯁ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯛꯊꯣꯅꯤꯌꯁ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯦꯊꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫
[thumb|center|[ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯒꯦꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯨꯠꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯩꯃ ꯑꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯅ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ **"ꯏꯔꯤꯛꯊꯣꯅꯤꯌꯁ"** ꯄꯨ ꯂꯧꯈꯠꯆꯕ ꯫ ]]

## ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ
ꯕꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯌꯣꯊꯦꯀꯥ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯗ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅ ꯄꯜꯂꯤ, ꯂꯥꯟꯂꯩꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕꯤ ꯑꯊꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯃ ꯀꯣꯔꯧ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯌꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯡ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯍꯤꯐꯦꯏꯁꯇꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯈꯨꯠꯁꯨ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯥꯕꯤꯅꯕ ꯍꯥꯢꯖꯕ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯍꯤꯐꯦꯏꯁꯇꯁ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯦꯐ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯥꯢꯠꯀ ꯈꯥꯢꯅꯈꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯅꯨꯉꯥꯢꯕ ꯐꯪꯗꯕ ꯇꯥꯟꯖꯥ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯃꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯕ ꯇꯥꯟꯖꯥꯗ ꯂꯥꯢꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯅꯥꯛꯇ ꯃꯊꯟꯇ ꯂꯥꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯂꯧꯔꯒ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ (ꯑꯊꯤꯅꯥꯄꯨ) ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯌꯣꯠ ꯊꯥꯡ ꯁꯨꯐꯝ ꯁꯪꯂꯦꯟ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯀꯥꯢ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯃꯥꯡꯍꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫  
ꯑꯊꯤꯅꯥꯗꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕ ꯂꯩꯁꯥꯕꯤ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯍꯟꯅꯤꯡꯗꯕꯅ ꯅꯥꯟꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯆꯦꯟꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯍꯤꯐꯦꯏꯁꯇꯁꯅ ꯃꯥꯕꯨ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯂꯝꯕꯤꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯐꯥꯗꯨꯅ ꯅꯝꯗꯨꯅ ꯃꯊꯨ ꯅꯥꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯑꯊꯤꯅꯥꯅ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯀꯟꯅ ꯂꯥꯟꯊꯦꯡꯅꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯍꯤꯐꯦꯏꯁꯇꯁꯀꯤ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯝꯄꯤ ꯆꯠꯄꯗ ꯑꯊꯤꯅꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯩꯗ ꯐꯝꯄꯤꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯊꯤꯅꯥꯅ ꯃꯍꯤꯗꯨ ꯁꯥꯝꯇꯨꯒꯤ ꯐꯤ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯈꯠꯇꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯍꯤꯐꯦꯏꯁꯇꯁꯀꯤ ꯐꯝꯄꯤꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯃꯥꯢꯗ ꯇꯥꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯃ ꯒꯦꯌꯥꯅ ꯐꯝꯄꯤꯗꯨ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯄꯣꯛꯂꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤ **ꯏꯔꯤꯛꯊꯣꯅꯤꯌꯁ**ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯊꯤꯅꯥꯅ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯅ ꯌꯣꯛꯄ ꯄꯥꯝꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯅ ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯈꯤ-ꯎꯈꯤꯗꯅꯕ ꯑꯄꯤꯛꯄ ꯎꯄꯨ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯍꯥꯞꯆꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯤꯔꯦꯜꯁꯤꯡ

File:Erichthonius Released from His Basket LACMA 65.37.98.jpg|*Erichthonius Released from His Basket* by Antonio Tempesta (1606)
File:Jacob Jordaens, Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Gemäldegalerie - Die Töchter des Kekrops finden den kleinen Erichthonios - GG 6488 - Kunsthistorisches Museum.jpg|*Daughters of Kekrops Finding Erichthonios* by Jacob Jordaens (1640)
File:Jacob-jordaens-erichtonius.jpg|*Les Filles de Cécrops découvrant l'enfant Érichthonios* by Jacob Jordaens (1617)
File:Peter Paul Rubens - The Discovery of the Child Erichthonius - WGA20295.jpg|*The Discovery of the Child Erichthonius* by Peter Paul Rubens (circa 1615)
File:Pierre, Jean-Baptiste Marie - Mercury, Herse and Aglauros - 1763.jpg|*Mercury, Herse and Aglauros* by Jean-Baptiste Marie Pierre (1763)
File:Rubens, Peter Paul - Finding of Erichthonius - 1632-1633.jpg|*Finding of Erichthonius* by Peter Paul Rubens (between 1632 and 1633)
File:Willem van Herp Erichthonius.jpg|*The finding of the infant Erichthonius by Cecrops's daughters* by Willem van Herp (circa 1650))


## ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ ꯂꯪꯗꯥꯢꯁꯤꯡ
* Apollodorus, *Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes.* Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921.  Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Robert S. P. Beekes, *Etymological Dictionary of Greek*, 2 vols. Leiden: Brill, 2009.
* Graves, Robert; *The Greek Myths*, Moyer Bell Ltd; Unabridged edition (December 1988), ISBN_0-918825-80-6.
* Homer, *The Iliad with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes*. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
* Smith, William; *Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology*, London (1873). ''Erichthonius''
## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯕꯤꯁꯋꯥꯅꯥꯊ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯕꯤꯁꯋꯥꯅꯥꯊ ꯄꯅꯥ** (IPA: ˌbɪswəˈnɑːθ ˈtʃɑːrɪˌælɪ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯧꯅ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯵ ꯑꯥꯒꯨꯁ ꯱꯵ ꯗ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯤꯞ ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯁꯇꯔ ꯇꯥꯔꯨꯟ ꯒꯣꯒꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯂꯤꯆꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯫ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒꯣꯍꯄꯨꯔ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯅꯤꯠꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯉꯝꯈꯩ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯔꯨꯅꯥꯆꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯦꯁ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠꯅ ꯑꯋꯥꯡ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩ, ꯒꯣꯂꯥꯒꯥꯠ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯍꯃꯄꯨꯇꯔꯥꯅ ꯈꯥ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩ, ꯂꯈꯤꯝꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯊꯪꯕꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯅꯤꯠꯄꯨꯔ ꯄꯅꯥꯅ ꯅꯣꯡꯆꯨꯞ ꯊꯪꯕ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯂꯣꯏꯁꯪ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯤꯁꯋꯥꯅꯥꯊ ꯆꯥꯔꯤꯌꯥꯂꯤꯗ ꯂꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯕꯤꯁꯋꯥꯅꯥꯊ ꯄꯅꯥ
ꯕꯣꯡꯒꯥꯏꯒꯥꯎꯟ ꯄꯅꯥ

**ꯕꯣꯡꯒꯥꯏꯒꯥꯎꯟ ꯄꯅꯥ** (Prpn:ˈbɒŋgaɪˌgãʊ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯠ ꯱ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯣꯡꯒꯥꯏꯒꯥꯎꯟ ꯄꯅꯥꯂꯣꯏꯁꯪ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯫ ꯕꯣꯡꯒꯥꯏꯒꯥꯎꯟ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯀꯣꯟꯂꯤꯕ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯵꯱꯰&nbsp;km2ꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
ꯕꯣꯡꯒꯥꯏꯒꯥꯎꯟ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯱꯹꯸꯹ ꯁꯦꯞꯇꯦꯝꯕꯔ ꯲꯹ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯇ ꯒꯥꯎꯜꯄꯥꯔꯥ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯀ꯭ꯔꯥꯖꯍꯥꯔ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯰꯴ ꯗ ꯆꯤꯔꯥꯡ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯕꯣꯡꯒꯥꯏꯒꯥꯎꯟ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯛꯁꯤꯛ ꯄꯤꯛꯁꯤꯟꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯟꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯕ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯫

## ꯂꯣꯟ

ꯏꯪ ꯀꯨꯝꯖꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯱ ꯃꯤꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯤꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯴꯹%ꯅ ꯑꯁꯥꯃꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯩ, ꯴꯴.꯴꯸%ꯅ ꯕꯦꯡꯒꯂꯤ ꯂꯣꯟ, ꯳.꯰꯶%ꯅ ꯍꯤꯟꯗꯤ, ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯱.꯱꯳%ꯅ ꯕꯣꯔꯣ ꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅ ꯃꯃꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯉꯥꯡꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯕꯣꯡꯒꯥꯏꯒꯥꯎꯟ ꯄꯅꯥ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯁꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ
ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯗꯀꯦꯝ

**ꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯗꯀꯦꯝ** (also referred to as “**Free Code Camp**”) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯣꯡ ꯂꯧꯗꯕ ꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤ ꯋꯦꯕ ꯐꯝꯄꯥꯛꯇ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝ ꯃꯌꯥꯝꯗ ꯀꯝꯄꯨꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯄꯤ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯕꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅ HTML, CSS ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ JavaScript ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯈꯨꯃꯥꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯇꯥꯛꯄꯤ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯇꯝꯗꯨꯅ ꯍꯩꯈꯔꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯣꯡ ꯂꯧꯗꯕ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕ ꯋꯦꯕꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯄ꯭ꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯣꯝ ꯁꯥꯔꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯥꯛꯀꯗꯕ ꯃꯍꯧꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯡꯌꯦꯡ ꯇꯧꯖꯗꯨꯅ ꯈꯪ ꯍꯩꯖꯅꯕ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯅꯥꯌꯤꯕ ꯕꯨꯀꯦꯂꯦ

**ꯅꯥꯌꯤꯕ ꯑꯔꯃꯥꯟꯗꯣ ꯕꯨꯀꯦꯂꯦ ꯑꯣꯔꯇꯦꯓ** (**Nayib Armando Bukele Ortez**)  (; ꯱꯹꯸꯱ ꯖꯨꯂꯥꯏ ꯲꯴ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ ) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯁꯥꯜꯚꯥꯗꯣꯔꯥꯟ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯅꯤ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯂꯣꯟ ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯕ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯁꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯏꯜ ꯁꯥꯜꯚꯥꯗꯣꯔꯒꯤ ꯴꯶ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯁꯨꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯃꯤꯈꯜꯗ ꯉꯝꯕꯗꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯖꯨꯟ ꯱ ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯒ ꯐꯝ ꯄꯥꯏꯕ ꯍꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯏꯜ ꯁꯥꯜꯚꯥꯗꯣꯔꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟ
ꯔꯦꯕꯕꯤꯀꯥ ꯁꯤꯜꯐꯣꯟ

**ꯔꯦꯕꯕꯤꯀꯥ ꯁꯤꯜꯐꯣꯟ** ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯏꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯨꯟꯅꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯪꯂꯣꯢ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯏꯁꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯦꯂꯦꯁꯇꯥꯢꯟ ꯏꯪ ꯆꯤꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯪꯗ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯷꯰ꯁꯨꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯞꯁ ꯅꯦꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯜꯂꯤꯡ ꯕꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯤꯇꯤꯁꯟ ꯗ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯱꯳ꯗꯃꯛ ꯉꯥꯢꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗ ꯃꯥꯢ ꯄꯥꯛꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯣꯢꯗꯣꯛ ꯍꯦꯟꯗꯣꯛꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯖꯨꯗꯥꯏꯁꯝꯒ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯔꯦꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝ ꯏꯔꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯀ꯭ꯋꯣꯔꯥꯒꯤ ꯲꯰꯱꯸ꯀꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕ ꯑꯏꯕꯤꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯂꯪꯗꯥꯢꯁꯤꯡ
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=lRttkxtZF4gC&q=rebecca+sealfon&dq=rebecca+sealfon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjc1NTknr3xAhWXyDgGHQQdATk4FBDoATAEegQIBBAD
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=X_VkP1zl-9YC&q=rebecca+sealfon&dq=rebecca+sealfon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi4546Qn73xAhVBxzgGHWB4Bc44HhDoATADegQIBhAD
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=88MjDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT44&dq=rebecca+sealfon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiN9Z-9nr3xAhVzwTgGHUXiAYU4ChDoATAEegQIBBAD#v=onepage&q=rebecca%20sealfon&f=false
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=tfTXAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA1211&dq=rebecca+sealfon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiN9Z-9nr3xAhVzwTgGHUXiAYU4ChDoATAGegQIBxAD#v=onepage&q=rebecca%20sealfon&f=false
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=fFW7oYjRl1gC&q=rebecca+sealfon&dq=rebecca+sealfon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjc1NTknr3xAhWXyDgGHQQdATk4FBDoATACegQIAxAD
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=c57KMd8DVekC&q=rebecca+sealfon&dq=rebecca+sealfon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjc1NTknr3xAhWXyDgGHQQdATk4FBDoATADegQIARAD
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=rl0hAQAAMAAJ&q=rebecca+sealfon&dq=rebecca+sealfon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjc1NTknr3xAhWXyDgGHQQdATk4FBDoATAGegQIAhAD
* https://books.google.co.in/books?id=amPuAAAAMAAJ&q=rebecca+sealfon&dq=rebecca+sealfon&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi4546Qn73xAhVBxzgGHWB4Bc44HhDoATAEegQIBxAD

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇꯤꯌꯥꯅꯣ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗꯣ

**ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁꯇꯤꯌꯥꯅꯣ ꯔꯣꯅꯥꯜꯗꯣ** (ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤꯕ ꯱꯹꯸꯵ ꯐꯦꯕꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯵) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯤꯁ ꯐꯨꯠꯕꯣꯜ ꯁꯥꯟꯅꯔꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯛꯇ ꯐꯨꯠꯕꯣꯜ ꯃꯁꯥꯟꯅꯗ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯄꯥꯟꯆꯦꯟ ꯱꯰꯹ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯁꯨꯕ ꯉꯝꯂꯦ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯐꯨꯟꯆꯥꯜ

**ꯐꯨꯟꯆꯜ** () ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ, ꯃꯨꯅꯨꯁꯤꯄꯥꯜ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯅ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯃꯥꯗꯩꯔꯥ ꯃꯐꯝꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡꯁꯨꯅꯤ, ꯂꯝꯈꯩ ꯄꯔꯤꯡꯗꯅ ꯑꯠꯂꯥꯟꯇꯤꯛ ꯏꯔꯦꯟꯄꯨꯡ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯱꯱꯱,꯸꯹꯲ ꯃꯨꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯜꯒꯤ ꯈꯨꯋꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯕ ꯶ꯁꯨꯕ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯗꯩꯔꯥ ꯂꯝꯗꯝꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯄ ꯆꯩꯍꯤ ꯵꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯂꯛꯂꯦ ꯫ ꯐꯨꯟꯆꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯝꯀꯣꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯊꯨꯡꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ ꯃꯔꯝꯗꯤ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯠꯅꯂꯣꯟꯆꯠ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥꯡ ꯑꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯟꯗꯅ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯛꯄꯒꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯩꯍꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯝꯗꯥꯏ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯂꯝꯊꯨꯡꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯌꯣꯜꯂꯝꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯣꯏꯂꯥꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯂꯣꯜ

**ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯂꯣꯜ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯔꯣꯜ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ, ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ (ꯈꯣꯔꯤꯂꯣꯟ), ꯐꯨꯡꯒꯥ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ, ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ, ꯂꯤꯅ ꯋꯥꯔꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯄꯨꯜꯅꯤ ꯫
ꯃꯁꯤ "ꯀꯦꯀꯦ", "ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ" ꯑꯃꯗꯤ "ꯉꯥꯉꯣꯢ" ꯳ꯃꯛ ꯏꯃꯥꯟ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯋꯥꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ
ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯃꯊꯦꯜ ꯁꯨꯅ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ ꯫ 
ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯌꯥꯝꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯝꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯊꯥꯡꯆꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯇꯥꯕ ꯀꯨꯝꯃꯩ ꯗ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯹ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯹ ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ꯫ ꯃꯈꯣꯢꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅ "ꯂꯥꯢꯄꯨꯡꯊꯧ" ꯑꯃꯗꯤ "ꯂꯥꯢꯄꯦꯟꯊꯧ"ꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯁꯨ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ ꯫ 

## ꯂꯤꯅ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ

ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ ꯁꯥꯌꯣꯟ ꯂꯤꯅ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯔꯣꯜꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯡꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯔꯨ (ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯋꯥꯢꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ) ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯲ꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯌꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯉꯣꯟ ꯷-꯷ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯊꯥꯡꯖꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯁꯤꯜ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ ꯫
ꯁꯥꯌꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯉꯣꯟ ꯷ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ:-

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯦꯀꯦ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ
ꯃꯣꯏꯂꯥꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯑꯣꯟ

**"ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯁꯥꯌꯣꯟ"** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **"ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯁꯥꯢꯌꯣꯟ"** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯇ ꯊꯣꯛꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯕ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯅꯨꯄꯥ ꯱ꯒ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯱ꯒ ꯒꯤ ꯁꯥꯌꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯉꯣꯟ ꯷ ꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯄꯨꯜ ꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯏꯄꯨꯊꯧ ꯊꯥꯡꯆꯤꯡ ꯅ ꯁꯤꯟꯕꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯂꯧꯅꯩ ꯫
ꯁꯥꯌꯣꯟ ꯂꯥꯉꯣꯟ ꯷ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯤ:-

## ꯂꯥꯡꯑꯣꯟ
### ꯑꯀꯣꯡꯖꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤ
**ꯑꯀꯣꯡꯖꯥꯝꯕꯥ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ **ꯐꯧꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯦꯝꯕꯤꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ-ꯂꯤꯁꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯖꯕ ꯁꯥꯕꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯧ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ ꯫

### ꯍꯦꯟꯖꯨꯅꯥꯍꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯧꯂꯦꯝꯕꯤ
**ꯍꯦꯟꯖꯨꯅꯥꯍꯥ**, ꯃꯃꯥ ꯃꯄꯥ ꯉꯟꯅ ꯀꯥꯏꯅꯈꯤꯕ ꯅꯨꯄꯥꯃꯆꯥ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ **ꯊꯣꯡꯅꯥꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯧꯂꯦꯝꯕꯤ** ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯅꯥꯈꯨꯟꯕ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯅꯨꯄꯤꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯏ ꯑꯅꯤꯅ ꯁꯩꯔꯦꯡ-ꯂꯤꯁꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯖꯕ ꯁꯥꯕꯤ ꯁꯥꯅꯧꯅꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯦꯀꯦ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ
ꯂꯩꯆꯥꯎꯔꯣꯜ

**ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯝ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯈꯨꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯝ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯂꯩꯆꯥꯎꯔꯣꯜ** (ꯏꯪꯂꯤꯁ:Civilization) ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯨꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯨꯃꯥꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯁꯤꯟꯂꯛꯄ ꯃꯊꯪ ꯃꯊꯪ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯄ ꯊꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫

[thumb|[ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯳꯵꯰꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯝ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫]]

## ꯋꯥꯄꯣꯛꯂꯣꯟ

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ
**"ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯝ"** ꯍꯥꯏꯔꯒ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯨꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯛꯄ, ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ ꯊꯕꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯩꯕ,  ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯑꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯝꯕ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯍꯥꯎ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯉꯟꯕ ꯁꯦꯟꯖꯦꯡ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯩꯍꯤ ꯶꯰꯰꯰ ꯀꯤ ꯃꯇꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯩꯆꯥꯎꯔꯣꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯈꯟꯅ ꯅꯩꯅꯔꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯖꯈꯤꯕ
ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ

**ꯄꯣꯇꯨꯒꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯄꯅꯥꯁꯤꯡ** (Distritos de Portugal) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄꯗ ꯆꯪꯕ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ-ꯊꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯇ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯂꯩ ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯌꯥꯏꯊꯪꯕ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯥꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯱꯸ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯏꯗꯣꯛꯏ ꯫ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯨꯒꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥ ꯃꯇꯣꯝꯇ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯆꯕ ꯃꯐꯝꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯀꯣꯔꯦꯁ ꯱ꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯗꯩꯔꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯄꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯥꯝ ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯏꯗꯣꯛꯇꯔꯦ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯃꯣꯏꯂꯥꯡ

**ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ** ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ **ꯀꯦꯀꯦ ꯃꯣꯏꯂꯥꯡ**, ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯊꯥꯢꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯣꯛꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯥꯠ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯕ ꯈꯨꯟꯊꯣꯛꯂꯝ 
ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯉꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ (ꯃꯣꯏꯔꯥꯡ) ꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯛꯂꯣꯟꯅꯤ ꯫ꯀꯦꯀꯦ ꯀꯪꯂꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯀꯣꯅꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯕ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ, ꯂꯣꯢꯅꯁꯤꯟꯂꯣꯟ (ꯈꯣꯔꯤꯂꯣꯟ), ꯃꯤ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯇꯤꯟꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯂꯣꯜ (ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯀꯪꯂꯩꯔꯣꯜ) ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯂꯤ
### ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯥꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ
ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯊꯥꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯀꯤ Chinese Golden Ages ꯒ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤꯁꯤ 52 BC ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯈꯥꯀꯤ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯇꯅ 208 BC ꯇ ꯍꯧꯏ ꯫

### ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ
ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯪꯅꯅꯕ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯄꯨꯌꯥꯁꯤꯡ, ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯅ ꯆꯩꯊꯥꯔꯣꯜ ꯀꯨꯝꯕꯥꯕ, ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯔꯣꯜ ꯂꯝꯕꯨꯕꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯌꯦꯡꯈꯠꯄ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
## ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯁꯦꯟꯃꯤꯠꯂꯣꯟ
### ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ ꯏꯇꯤꯛ
ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯍꯥꯢꯕꯗꯤ **ꯏꯋꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯔꯤꯛꯂꯥꯢ** ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯅꯤ, ꯃꯄꯨꯅꯤ꯫ ꯂꯩꯉꯥꯛꯄꯗ ꯅꯨꯉꯥꯢꯅꯅꯕ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ **"ꯂꯩꯀꯥꯢ ꯸"** ꯊꯣꯛꯅ ꯈꯥꯢꯗꯣꯛꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ **"ꯀꯩꯊꯦꯜ ꯹"** ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫
**ꯐꯝꯅꯥꯢꯕ ꯂꯣꯢꯁꯪ** ꯍꯥꯢꯅ ꯑꯈꯪ ꯑꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯐꯝ, ꯋꯥ ꯇꯥꯟꯅꯐꯝ ꯁꯪꯂꯦꯟ, ꯂꯣꯢꯁꯪ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯃꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ ꯊꯥꯡꯖꯤꯡ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯍꯔꯥꯎꯕꯗ ꯌꯥꯝ ꯂꯥꯢꯅ ꯁꯤꯟꯂꯥꯡꯕꯗ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯉꯤ ꯫

## ꯆꯠꯅꯂꯣꯟ
### ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ
ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯀꯦꯀꯦ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ (ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯦꯒꯦ ꯃꯣꯢꯔꯥꯡ) ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯃꯩꯍꯧꯔꯣꯜꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅ ꯊꯥꯡꯆꯤꯡ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯑꯃ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯢꯅ ꯂꯥꯠꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯁꯤ ꯂꯝꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨ ꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯢꯅꯁꯨ ꯅꯤꯡꯅꯩ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯑꯂꯤꯄ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ
ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:ꯀꯦꯀꯦ ꯃꯣꯢꯂꯥꯡ
ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯂꯥꯏꯆꯠ

**ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯂꯥꯏꯆꯠ**, ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯃꯥꯏꯌꯣꯛꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯇꯝꯊꯤꯔꯕ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯆꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯅꯥ ꯚꯥꯏꯔꯁ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯲꯰꯱꯹ (ꯀꯣꯚꯤꯗ-꯱꯹) ꯍꯥꯢꯔꯒꯁꯨ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫

ꯃꯆꯥꯈꯥꯏꯕ:꯲꯰꯱꯹ ꯂꯩꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯆꯠ
ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯗ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯂꯥꯢꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ

ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ (ꯃꯩꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡ) ꯗ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯧꯕ ꯂꯥꯢ ꯀꯣꯂꯧꯍꯟꯄ (ꯀꯣꯔꯧꯍꯟꯕ)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯡꯂꯦꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ
ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯊꯣꯏꯕ ꯈꯣꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯁꯤꯡ

ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯥꯢꯅꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯢꯄꯪꯄꯥꯜꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨ ꯁꯂꯥꯢꯂꯦꯟ ꯁꯤꯗꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯀꯌꯥꯃꯔꯨꯝꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ ꯫ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯈꯔ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯄꯟꯖꯔꯤ ꯫

## ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯂꯧꯔꯛꯐꯝ