പാപ്പിലിയോ

കിളിവാലൻ ശലഭങ്ങളിലെ ഒരു ജനുസ് ആണ് ***പാപ്പിലിയോ (Papilio)***. **Papilionini** ട്രൈബിലെ ഏക അംഗവുമാണ് ഈ ജനുസ്. ലാറ്റിനിൽ പാപ്പിലിയോ എന്നുപറഞ്ഞാൽ പൂമ്പാറ്റ എന്നാണ് അർത്ഥം.

ബുദ്ധമയൂരിയടക്കം നിരവധി പ്രമുഖ ശലഭങ്ങൾ ഈ ജനുസിൽ ഉണ്ട്. ഈ ജനുസിലെ പല അംഗങ്ങളുടെയും ലാർവകൾ പക്ഷിക്കാഷ്ഠത്തോട് സാമ്യം തോന്നുന്നവയാണ്.

പഴയ ജനുസുകളായ *Achillides*, *Eleppone*, *Druryia*, *Heraclides* (giant swallowtails), *Menelaides*, *Princeps*, *Pterourus* (tiger swallowtails), and *Sinoprinceps* എന്നിവ ഇപ്പോൾ പാപ്പിലിയോ ജനുസിലാണ് ഉൾപ്പെടുത്തിയിരിക്കുന്നത്.

## പരിസ്ഥിതി
ഈ കുടുംബത്തിലെ മിക്ക ശലഭപ്പുഴുക്കളും നാരകക്കുടുംബത്തിലെ ചെടികളിലാണ് മുട്ടയിടുന്നത്.

### പാപ്പിലിയോ ജനുസ് കേരളത്തിൽ
പാപ്പിലിയോ ജനുസിൽ കേരളത്തിൽ പത്തിനം ശലഭങ്ങൾ ആണുള്ളത്. അവയുടെ ചിത്രങ്ങളും ജീവിതദശകളും:
##### ''[[Papilio buddha|ബുദ്ധമയൂരി]]'' (Malabar banded peacock)

File:Papilio buddha Westwood, 1872 – Malabar Banded Peacock at Peravoor (1).jpg|Dorsal view
File:Papilio buddha.JPG|Ventral view
File:Malabar Banded Peacock (Papilio buddha).jpg|Larva
File:Budha Peacock Pupa 2010 10 17 99 23 (5131836972).jpg|Pupa


##### ''[[Papilio clytia|വഴന ശലഭം]]'' (Common mime)

File:Papilio clytia at Kadavoor.jpg|Dorsal view (Form *clytia*)
File:DR002 Chilasa clytia disimilis UP.jpg|Dorsal view (Form *dissimilis*)
File:Common Mime Papilio clytia Form clytia by kadavoor.jpg|Ventral view (Form *clytia*)
File:Papilio clytia Linnaeus, 1758 – Common Mime at Kottiyoor Wildlife Sanctuary (16).jpg|Ventral view (Form *dissimilis*)
File:Papilio clytia – Common Mime pupating 01.jpg|Prepupa
File:Papilio clytia1.JPG|Pupa


##### ''[[Papilio crino|നാട്ടുമയൂരി]]'' (Common banded peacock)

File:Open wing position of Papilio crino, Fabricius,1793 – Common Banded Peacock WLB.jpg|Dorsal view 
File:Common banded peacock (Papilio crino) underside.jpg|Ventral view
File:Papilio crino Melagiri TN IMG 6325.jpg|Ventral view


##### ''[[Papilio demoleus|നാരകശലഭം]]'' (Lime butterfly)

File:Common Lime Butterfly Papilio demoleus UP by Kadavoor.jpg|Dorsal view 
File:Common Lime Butterfly Papilio demoleus by Kadavoor.JPG|Ventral view
File:An egg of Papilio demoleus Linnaeus, 1758 – Lime Swallowtail WLB P2A0771.jpg|Egg
File:Caterpillar upclose.jpg|Larva
File:Lime Butterfly pupa (8426184307).jpg|Pupa


##### ''[[Papilio dravidarum|മലബാർ റാവൻ]]'' (Malabar Raven)

File:Papilio dravidarum-Kadavoor-2016-07-30-001.jpg|Dorsal view 
File:Papilio dravidarum - Malabar Raven 15.jpg|Ventral view
File:Papilio dravidarum – Malabar Raven caterpillar 16.jpg|Larva
File:Papilio dravidarum – Malabar Raven 10.jpg|Pupa


##### ''[[Papilio helenus|ചുട്ടിക്കറുപ്പൻ]]'' (Red Helen)

File:Red Helen (Papilio helenus) at Samsing, Duars, WB W IMG 6219.jpg|Dorsal view 
File:Papilio helenus fortunius male 20131027.jpg|Ventral view
File:Red Helen (Papilio helenus) 03 Fresh Egg (2016.07.10).jpg|Egg
File:Red Helen (Papilio helenus) 18 Larva (2016.07.26).jpg|Larva
File:Red Helen (Papilio helenus) 23 Pupa (2016.07.30).jpg|Pupa


##### ''[[Papilio liomedon|പുള്ളിവാലൻ]]'' (Malabar banded swallowtail)

File:Malabar Banded Swallowtail(Papilio liomedon) up.jpg|Dorsal view 
File:Malabar Banded Swallowtail(Papilio liomedon) UN.jpg|Ventral view
File:Praveen J - Malabar Banded Swallowtail -Eggs.jpg|Eggs
File:Papilio liomedon (caterpillar) 2319.jpg|Larva
File:Malabar Banded Swallowtail(Papilio liomedon) pupa.jpg|Pupa


##### ''[[Papilio paris|ചുട്ടിമയൂരി]]'' (Paris Peacock)

File:Papilio paris by kadavoor.JPG|Dorsal view 
File:Open wing position of Papilio paris Linnaeus, 1758 – Paris Peacock DSC 5478 jayanti.jpg|Dorsal view
File:Close wing position of Papilio paris, Linnaeus, 1758 – Paris Peacock WLB.jpg|Ventral view
File:Paris peacock(Papilio paris) finalt instar caterpillar 01 (5246661700).jpg|Larva
File:Paris peacock(Papilio paris) pupa 01 (5246660792).jpg|Pupa


##### ''[[Papilio polymnestor|കൃഷ്ണശലഭം]]'' (Blue Mormon)

File:Papilio polymnestor-Kadavoor-2016-07-27-002.jpg|Dorsal view 
File:Blue Mormon Papilio polymnestor (3986294976).jpg|Ventral view
File:Blue Mormon (Papilio polymnestor) 002 Egg (2016.11.15).jpg|Egg
File:Blue Mormon (Papilio polymnestor) 018 Larva (2016.12.03).jpg|Larva
File:Blue Mormon (Papilio polymnestor) 023 Pupa (2016.12.10).jpg|Pupa


##### ''[[Papilio polytes|നാരകക്കാളി]]'' (Common Mormon)

File:Papilio polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-02-001.jpg|Dorsal view (male)
File:Male mormon cyrus.jpg|Ventral view (male)
File:Papilio polytes-Thekkady-2016-12-03-001.jpg|Dorsal view (female, form *stichius*)
File:Common Mormon (Papilio polytes) Female. Thane, Maharashtra..jpg|Ventral view (female, form *stichius*)
File:Common Mormon Papilio polytes Female Form Romulus by kadavoor.jpg|Dorsal view (female, form *romulus*)
File:Close wing position of Female Papilio polytes Linnaeus, 1758 – Common Mormon WLB IMG 0992.jpg|Ventral view (female, form *romulus*)
File:Common mormon egg.JPG|Egg
File:Papilio polytes caterpillar at Kadavoor.jpg|Larva
File:Pupa of Papilio polytes Linnaeus, 1758 – Common Mormon.jpg|Pupa


## സ്പീഷിസുകൾ
 

Listed alphabetically within groups.
**subgenus**: *Papilio* Linnaeus, 1758
:**species group**: *machaon* 
::* *[[Papilio alexanor]]* Esper, 1800 – southern swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio brevicauda]]* Saunders, 1869 – short-tailed swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio hospiton]]* Géné, 1839 – Corsican swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio indra]]* Reakirt, 1866 – Indra swallowtail, short-tailed black swallowtail, or cliff swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio joanae]]* J. Heitzman, 1973 – Ozark swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio machaon]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – Old World swallowtail, common yellow swallowtail, or artemisia swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio polyxenes]]* Fabricius, 1775 – black swallowtail, eastern black swallowtail, or American swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio saharae]]* Oberthür, 1879 – Sahara swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio zelicaon]]* Lucas, 1852 – anise swallowtail or western swallowtail

**subgenus**: *Princeps* Hübner, [1807]
:**species group**: *antimachus* 
::* *[[Papilio antimachus]]* Drury, 1782 – Antimachus swallowtail or giant African swallowtail

:**species group**: *zalmoxis* 
::* *[[Papilio zalmoxis]]* Hewitson, 1864 – giant blue swallowtail

:**species group**: *nireus* 
::* *[[Papilio aristophontes]]* Oberthür, 1897
::* *[[Papilio charopus]]* Westwood, 1843 – tailed green-banded swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio chrapkowskii]]* Suffert, 1904 – broad green-banded swallowtail or Chrapkowski's green-banded swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio chrapkowskoides]]* Storace, 1952 – broadly green-banded swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio desmondi]]* van Someren, 1939 – Desmond's green-banded swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio hornimani]]* Distant, 1879 – Horniman's green-banded swallowtail or Horniman's swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio interjectana]]* Vane-Wright, 1995 – Van Someren's green-banded swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio nireus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – green-banded swallowtail, narrow-banded green swallowtail, or African blue-banded swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio sosia]]* Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 – medium green-banded swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio thuraui]]* Karsch, 1900
::* *[[Papilio ufipa]]* Carcasson, 1961
::* *[[Papilio wilsoni]]* Rothschild, 1926

:**species group**: *cynorta* 
::* *[[Papilio arnoldiana]]* Vane-Wright, 1995
::* *[[Papilio cynorta]]* Fabricius, 1793 – mimetic swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio plagiatus]]* Aurivillius, 1898 – mountain mimetic swallowtail

:**species group**: *dardanus* 
::* *[[Papilio constantinus]]* Ward, 1871 – Constantine's swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio dardanus]]* Brown, 1776 – mocker swallowtail, flying handkerchief, or African swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio delalandei]]* Godart, [1824]
::* *[[Papilio phorcas]]* Cramer, [1775] – apple-green swallowtail or green banded swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio rex]]* Oberthür, 1886 – regal swallowtail

:**species group**: *zenobia* 
::* *[[Papilio cyproeofila]]* Butler, 1868 – common white-banded swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio fernandus]]* Fruhstorfer, 1903
::* *[[Papilio filaprae]]* Suffert, 1904
::* *[[Papilio gallienus]]* Distant, 1879 – narrow-banded swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio mechowi]]* Dewitz, 1881
::* *[[Papilio mechowianus]]* Dewitz, 1885
::* *[[Papilio nobicea]]* Suffert, 1904 – Volta swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio zenobia]]* Fabricius, 1775 – Zenobia swallowtail

:**species group**: *demodocus* 
::* *[[Papilio demodocus]]* Esper, 1799 – citrus swallowtail, citrus butterfly, orange dog, or Christmas butterfly
::* *[[Papilio demoleus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – (common) lime swallowtail or lime butterfly
::* *[[Papilio erithonioides]]* Grose-Smith, 1891
::* *[[Papilio grosesmithi]]* Rothschild, 1926
::* *[[Papilio morondavana]]* Grose-Smith, 1891 – Madagascan emperor

:**species group**: *echerioides* 
::* *[[Papilio echerioides]]* Trimen, 1868 – white-banded swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio fuelleborni]]* Karsch, 1900
::* *[[Papilio jacksoni]]* Sharpe, 1891 – Jackson's swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio sjoestedti]]* Aurivillius, 1908 – Kilimanjaro swallowtail

:**species group**: *oribazus* 
::* *[[Papilio epiphorbas]]* Boisduval, 1833
::* *[[Papilio nobilis]]* Rogenhofer, 1891 – noble swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio oribazus]]* Boisduval, 1836

:**species group**: *hesperus* 
::* *[[Papilio euphranor]]* Trimen, 1868 – forest swallowtail or bush kite
::* *[[Papilio hesperus]]* Westwood, 1843 – emperor swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio horribilis]]* Butler, 1874
::* *[[Papilio pelodurus]]* Butler, 1896

:**species group**: *menestheus* 
::* *[[Papilio lormieri]]* Distant, 1874 – central emperor swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio menestheus]]* Drury, 1773 – western emperor swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio ophidicephalus]]* Oberthür, 1878 – emperor swallowtail

:**species group**: *[[incertae sedis]]* 
::* *[[Papilio andronicus]]* Ward, 1871
::* *[[Papilio chitondensis]]* Bivar de Sousa & Fernandes, 1966
::* *[[Papilio leucotaenia]]* Rothschild, 1908 – cream-banded swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio luzviae]]* Schröder & Treadaway, 1991
::* *[[Papilio mackinnoni]]* Sharpe, 1891 – MacKinnon's swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio mangoura]]* Hewitson, 1875 – Mangoura swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio manlius]]* Fabricius, 1798
::* *[[Papilio microps]]* Storace, 1951
::* *[[Papilio nobicea]]* Berger, 1974
::* *[[Papilio phorbanta]]* Linnaeus, 1771 – papillon la pature

:**species group**: *noblei*
::* *[[Papilio antonio]]* Hewitson, [1875]
::* *[[Papilio noblei]]* de Nicéville, [1889]

:**species group**: *demolion* 
::* *[[Papilio demolion]]* Cramer, [1776] – banded swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio euchenor]]* Guérin-Méneville, 1829
::* *[[Papilio gigon]]* C. & R. Felder, 1864
::* *[[Papilio liomedon]]* Moore, [1875] – Malabar banded swallowtail

:**species group**: *anactus* 
::**[[Papilio anactus]]* MacLeay, [1826] – dingy swallowtail
::**[[Papilio natewa]]*  – Natewa swallowtail

:**species group**: *aegeus* 
::* *[[Papilio aegeus]]* Donovan, 1805 – orchard swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio bridgei]]* Mathew, 1886
::* *[[Papilio erskinei]]* Mathew, 1886
::* *[[Papilio gambrisius]]* Cramer, [1777]
::* *[[Papilio inopinatus]]* Butler, 1883
::* *[[Papilio ptolychus]]* Godman & Salvin, 1888
::* *[[Papilio tydeus]]* C. & R. Felder, 1860
::* *[[Papilio weymeri]]* Niepelt, 1914
::* *[[Papilio woodfordi]]* Godman & Salvin, 1888 – Woodford's swallowtail

:**species group**: *godeffroyi* 
::* *[[Papilio amynthor]]* Boisduval, 1859 – Norfolk swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio godeffroyi]]* Semper, 1866 – Godeffroy's swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio schmeltzi]]* Herrich-Schäffer, 1869

:**species group**: *polytes* 
::* *[[Papilio ambrax]]* Boisduval, 1832 – Ambrax butterfly 
::* *[[Papilio phestus]]* Guérin-Méneville, 1830
::* *[[Papilio polytes]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – common Mormon

:**species group**: *castor* 
::* *[[Papilio castor]]* Westwood, 1842 – common raven 
::* *[[Papilio dravidarum]]* Wood-Mason, 1880 – Malabar raven
::* *[[Papilio mahadeva]]* Moore, [1879] – Burmese raven

:**species group**: *fuscus* 
::* *[[Papilio albinus]]* Wallace, 1865
::* *[[Papilio diophantus]]* Grose-Smith, 1883
::* *[[Papilio fuscus]]* Goeze, 1779 – Canopus butterfly
::* *[[Papilio hipponous]]* C. & R. Felder, 1862
::* *[[Papilio jordani]]* Fruhstorfer, 1906 – Jordan's swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio pitmani]]* Elwes & de Nicéville, [1887]
::* *[[Papilio prexaspes]]* C. & R. Felder, 1865 – Andaman Helen
::* *[[Papilio sakontala]]* Hewitson, 1864

:**species group**: *helenus* 
::* *[[Papilio helenus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – red Helen
::* *[[Papilio iswara]]* White, 1842 – great Helen
::* *[[Papilio iswaroides]]* Fruhstorfer, 1898
::* *[[Papilio nephelus]]* Boisduval, 1836 – yellow Helen
::* *[[Papilio nubilus]]* Staudinger, 1895
::* *[[Papilio sataspes]]* C. & R. Felder, 1865

:**species group**: *memnon* 
::* *[[Papilio acheron]]* Grose-Smith, 1887 – Acheron swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio ascalaphus]]* Boisduval, 1836 – Ascalaphus swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio deiphobus]]* Linnaeus, 1758
::* *[[Papilio forbesi]]* Grose-Smith, 1883
::* *[[Papilio lampsacus]]* Boisduval, 1836
::* *[[Papilio lowi]]* Druce, 1873 – Asian swallowtail or great yellow Mormon
::* *[[Papilio mayo]]* Atkinson, 1873 – Andaman Mormon
::* *[[Papilio memnon]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – great Mormon
::* *[[Papilio oenomaus]]* Godart, 1819
::* *[[Papilio polymnestor]]* Cramer, [1775] – blue Mormon
::* *[[Papilio rumanzovia]]* Eschscholtz, 1821 – scarlet Mormon or red Mormon

:**species group**: *protenor* 
::* *[[Papilio alcmenor]]* C. & R. Felder, [1864] – redbreast
::* *[[Papilio macilentus]]* Janson, 1877
::* *[[Papilio protenor]]* – spangle
::* *[[Papilio taiwanus]]* Rothschild, 1898 – Formosan swallowtail

:**species group**: *bootes* 
::* *[[Papilio bootes]]* Westwood, 1842 – tailed redbreast 
::* *[[Papilio elwesi]]* Leech, 1889
::* *[[Papilio maraho]]* Shiraki & Sonan, 1934

**subgenus**: *Chilasa* Moore, [1881]
:**species group**: *agestor* 
::* *[[Papilio agestor]]* Gray, 1831 – tawny mime
::* *[[Papilio epycides]]* Hewitson, [1864] – lesser mime
::* *[[Papilio slateri]]* Hewitson, 1853 – blue-striped mime

:**species group**: *clytia* 
::* *[[Papilio clytia]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – common mime
::* *[[Papilio paradoxa]]* (Zincken, 1831) – great mime

:**species group**: *veiovis* 
::* *[[Papilio veiovis]]* Hewitson, [1865]

:**species group**: *laglaizei* 
::* *[[Papilio laglaizei]]* Depuiset, 1877
::* *[[Papilio moerneri]]* Aurivillius, 1919
::* *[[Papilio toboroi]]* Ribbe, 1907

:**species group**: unnamed 
::* *[[Papilio carolinensis]]* Jumalon, 1967
::* *[[Papilio osmana]]* Jumalon, 1967

**subgenus**: *[[Achillides]]* Hübner, [1819]
:**species group**: *paris* 
::* *[[Papilio arcturus]]* Westwood, 1842 – blue peacock
::* *[[Papilio bianor]]* Cramer, [1777] – Chinese peacock
::* *[[Papilio chikae]]* Nuyda, 1992
::* *[[Papilio dialis]]* Leech, 1893 – southern Chinese peacock
::* *[[Papilio doddsi]]* Janet, 1896
::* *[[Papilio elephenor]]* Doubleday, 1845 – yellow-crested spangle 
::* *[[Papilio hoppo]]* Matsumura, 1908
::* *[[Papilio karna]]* C. & R. Felder, 1864
::* *[[Papilio krishna]]* Moore, 1857 – Krishna peacock
::* *[[Papilio longimacula]]* Z.G. Wang & Y. Niu, 2002
::* *[[Papilio maackii]]* Ménétriés, 1859
::* *[[Papilio paris]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – Paris peacock 
::* *[[Papilio polyctor]]* Boisduval, 1836 – common peacock

:**species group**: *palinurus* 
::* *[[Papilio blumei]]* Boisduval, 1836 – peacock or green swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio buddha]]* Westwood, 1872 – Malabar banded peacock
::* *[[Papilio crino]]* Fabricius, 1793 – common banded peacock
::* *[[Papilio palinurus]]* Fabricius, 1787 – emerald swallowtail

:**species group**: unnamed 
::* *[[Papilio chikae]]* Igarashi, 1965 – Luzon peacock swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio lorquinianus]]* C. & R. Felder, 1865
::* *[[Papilio neumoegeni]]* Honrath, 1890
::* *[[Papilio peranthus]]* Fabricius, 1787
::* *[[Papilio pericles]]* Wallace, 1865

:**species group**: *ulysses* 
::* *[[Papilio montrouzieri]]* Boisduval, 1859
::* *[[Papilio syfanius]]* Oberthür, 1886
::* *[[Papilio ulysses]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – Ulysses, mountain blue, blue emperor, or blue mountain swallowtail

**subgenus**: *Heraclides* Hübner, [1819]
:**species group**: *anchisiades* 
::* *[[Papilio anchisiades]]* Esper, 1788 – ruby-spotted swallowtail or red-spotted swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio chiansiades]]* Westwood, 1872
::* *[[Papilio epenetus]]* Hewitson, 1861
::* *[[Papilio erostratus]]* Westwood, 1847 – Erostratus swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio hyppason]]* Cramer, 1775
::* *[[Papilio isidorus]]* Doubleday, 1846
::* *[[Papilio oxynius]]* (Geyer, [1827])
::* *[[Papilio pelaus]]* Fabricius, 1775
::* *[[Papilio rogeri]]* Boisduval, 1836

:**species group**: *thoas* 
::* *[[Papilio andraemon]]* (Hübner, [1823]) – Bahaman swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio androgeus]]* Cramer, [1775] – Androgeus swallowtail, queen page, or queen swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio aristodemus]]* Esper, 1794 – Schaus' swallowtail or island swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio aristor]]* Godart, 1819 – scarce Haitian swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio astyalus]]* Godart, 1819 – broad-banded swallowtail or Astyalus swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio caiguanabus]]* Poey, [1852] – Poey's black swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio cresphontes]]* Cramer, [1777] – giant swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio homothoas]]* Rothschild & Jordan, 1906
::* *[[Papilio machaonides]]* Esper, 1796
::* *[[Papilio melonius]]* Rothschild & Jordan, 1906
::* *[[Papilio ornythion]]* Boisduval, 1836 – Ornythion swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio paeon]]* Boisduval, 1836
::* *[[Papilio rumiko]]* (Shiraiwa & Grishin, 2014)
::* *[[Papilio thersites]]* Fabricius, 1775 – Thersites swallowtail or false Androgeus swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio thoas]]* Linnaeus, 1771 – Thoas swallowtail or king swallowtail

:**species group**: *torquatus* 
::* *[[Papilio garleppi]]* Staudinger, 1892 – Garlepp's swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio hectorides]]* Esper, 1794
::* *[[Papilio himeros]]* Hopffer, 1865 – Himeros swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio lamarchei]]* Staudinger, 1892
::* *[[Papilio torquatus]]* Cramer, 1777 – Torquatus swallowtail

:**species group**: unnamed 
::* *[[Papilio okinawensis]]* Fruhstorfer, 1898

**subgenus**: *Pterourus* Scopoli, 1777
:**species group**: *troilus* 
::* *[[Papilio palamedes]]* Drury, [1773] – Palamedes swallowtail or laurel swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio troilus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – spicebush swallowtail

:**species group**: *glaucus* 
::* *[[Papilio alexiares]]* Höpffer, 1866 – Mexican tiger swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio appalachiensis]]* (Pavulaan & Wright, 2002) – Appalachian tiger swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio canadensis]]* Rothschild & Jordan, 1906 – Canadian tiger swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio esperanza]]* Beutelspacher, 1975 – Esperanza swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio eurymedon]]* Lucas, 1852 – pale swallowtail or pallid tiger swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio glaucus]]* Linnaeus, 1758 – eastern tiger swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio multicaudata]]* Kirby, 1884 – two-tailed swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio pilumnus]]* Boisduval, 1836 – three-tailed tiger swallowtail 
::* *[[Papilio rutulus]]* Lucas, 1852 – western tiger swallowtail

:**species group**: *zagreus* 
::* *[[Papilio bachus]]*) C. & R. Felder, 1865
::* *[[Papilio neyi]]* Niepelt, 1909
::* *[[Papilio zagreus]]* Doubleday, 1847

:**species group**: *scamander* 
::* *[[Papilio birchallii]]* Hewitson, 1863
::* *[[Papilio hellanichus]]* Hewitson, 1868
::* *[[Papilio scamander]]* Boisduval, 1836
::* *[[Papilio xanthopleura]]* Godman & Salvin, 1868

:**species group**: *homerus* 
::* *[[Papilio cacicus]]* Lucas, 1852
::* *[[Papilio euterpinus]]* Salvin & Godman, 1868
::* *[[Papilio garamas]]* (Geyer, [1829])
::* *[[Papilio homerus]]* Fabricius, 1793 – Homerus swallowtail
::* *[[Papilio judicael]]* Oberthür, 1888 (tentatively placed here, may be hybrid)
::* *[[Papilio menatius]]* (Hübner, [1819])
::* *[[Papilio warscewiczii]]* Hopffer, 1865

**subgenus**: *Sinoprinceps* Hancock, 1983
::* *[[Papilio benguetanus]]* Joicey & Talbot, 1923

:**species group**: *xuthus* Hancock, 1983
::* *[[Papilio xuthus]]* Linnaeus, 1767 – Asian, Xuthus, or Chinese yellow swallowtail

## References

## External links

* Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility —P
* Genus Papilio  at Lepidoptera.pro
* GART checklist