open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Pūtūtaewhetū

Ko **pūtūtaewhetū** ("P") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 15; ko te Takiwā, 3; ko te Rōpū, 15.

## Āhuatanga rongo
* Taumaha ngota: 30.973762(2) *[[tau papatipu|amu]]* 
* Kiato: 
** (mā) 1 823 kg/m3
** (whero) 2 340 kg/m3
** (pango) 2 690 kg/m3

## Ko ngā pūhui
* Haukini pākawa tūtae-whetū ((NH4)3PO4)
* Phosphine (Phosphorus Trihydride PH3)
* Tricalcium pākawa tūtae-whetū|Calcium pakawa tūtae-whetū (Ca3(PO4)2)
* Konopūmā dihydrogen pākawa tūtae-whetū (Ca(H2PO4)2)
* Konopūmā phosphide (Ca3P2)
* Rino(III) pākawa tūtae-whetū (FePO4)
* Rino(II) pākawa tūtae-whetū (Fe3(PO4)2)
* Hypophosphorous acid (H3PO2)
* Phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
* Pūtūtaewhetū pentabromide (PBr5)
* Pūtūtaewhetū pentoxide (P2O5)
* Pūtūtaewhetū tribromide (PBr3)
* Pūtūtaewhetū trichloride (PCl3)
* Pūtūtaewhetū triiodide (PI3)
* Monopotassium pākawa tūtae-whetū (KH2PO4)
* Trisodium pākawa tūtae-whetū (Na3PO4)

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
** Pūmotu nama 14; Pūmotu nama 16
Konukōreko

Ko **konukōreko** ("Ni") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 28; ko te Takiwā, 4; ko te Rōpū, 10. 

## Āhuatanga rongo
* Taumaha ngota: 58.6934 *[[tau papatipu|amu]]* 
* Mārō: 4.0
* Kiato: 8 908 kg/m3
* Kahakawe iahiko: 14.3 106/(m·Ω)

## Ko ngā pūhui
* Te rino tawaukore (*stainless steel*) (me te rino)
* Te kitakōreko (me te konukita)
* *[[Millerite]]* (me te pungatara)

## Ko ngā ingoa anō
* konumāuka

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
** Pūmotu taungota 27; Pūmotu taungota 29

## Hoto ki waho
* Los Alamos National Laboratory – Nickel
* WebElements.com – Ni
* EnvironmentalChemistry.com – Ni
* Mō te moni o Ūropi
Konukura

Ko **konukura** ("Cu") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 29; ko te Takiwā, 4; ko te Rōpū, 11 . 

## Āhuatanga rongo
* Taumaha ngota: 63.546 *[[tau papatipu|amu]]* 
* Mārō: 3.0
* Kiato: 8 920 kg/m3
* Kahakawe iahiko: 59.6 106/(m·Ω)

## Ko ngā pūhui
* Te parāhe (me konutea)
* Te pākawa kura pungawera (me pungawera, hāora): CuSO4
* Te konukura waihā (me hāora, hauwai): CuOH

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
* Pūmotu taungota 28; Pūmotu taungota 30

## Hoto ki waho
* Los Alamos National Laboratory - konukura
* WebElements.com – konukura
* EnvironmentalChemistry.com – konukura
* mate konukura
* The Copper Page
* He maina konukura i Wēra
Konutea

Ko **konutea** ("Zn") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 30; ko te taumaha ngota 65.409 *[[Atomic mass unit|amu]]*.

## Ko ngā pūhui
* *Zinc oxide*: ZnO2 
* *Zinc methyl*: Zn(CH3)2

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
* Pūmotu taungota 29; Pūmotu taungota 31
Pūkane

Ko **pūkane** ("Br") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 35; ko te taumaha ngota, 79.904 *[[Atomic mass unit|amu]]*.

## Ko ngā pūhui
* *1,2-Dibromoethane (ethylene dibromide; glycol bromide)*

## Ko ngā ingoa anō
* konutuki 

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
* Pūmotu taungota 34; Pūmotu taungota 36
Kawata

Ko te **kawata** ("Ag") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 47; ko te Takiwā, 5; ko te Rōpū, 11. 

## Āhuatanga rongo
* Taumaha ngota: 107.8683 *[[tau papatipu|amu]]* 
* Mārō: 2.5
* Kiato: 10 490 kg/m3
* Kahakawe iahiko: 63 106/(m·Ω)

## Ko ngā pūhui
* *Silver chloride* (me te hau māota): AgCl
* *Silver nitrate* (me te hauota, te hāora): AgNO3

## Ko ngā ingoa anō
* hiriwa
* kākonu

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
* Pūmotu taungota 46; Pūmotu taungota 48

## Hoto ki waho
* Los Alamos National Laboratory – kawata
* WebElements.com – kawata
* EnvironmentalChemistry.com – kawata
Konu-okehu

Ko te **Konu-okehu** ("Ba") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota 56; ko te taumaha ngota 137.327 *[[Atomic mass unit|amu]]*.

## Ko ngā pūhui
* *Barium sulphate* (me te pungatara, te hāora): BaSO4
* *Barium carbonate, witherite* (me te waro, te hāora): BaCO3 

## Tirohia hoki
* Kai konu-okehu
* Kuhitou konu-okehu
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
* Pūmotu taungota 55
* Pūmotu taungota 57
Konuoi

Ko te **Konuoi** ("Hg") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 80; ko te taumaha ngota, 200.59 *[[Atomic mass unit|amu]]*.

## Ko ngā pūhui
* *Cinnabar* (me te pungatara): HgS
* *Dimethylmercury* (me te waro, te hauwai): CH3HgCH3

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
* Pūmotu taungota 79
* Pūmotu taungota 81
Matā (konganuku)

Ko **matā** ("Pb") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 82; ko te Takiwā, 6; ko te Rōpū, 14. 

## Āhuatanga rongo
* Taumaha ngota: 207.2 *[[tau papatipu|amu]]* 
* Mārō: 1.5
* Kiato: 11 340 kg/m3
* Kahakawe iahiko: 4.81 106/(m·Ω)

## Ko ngā pūhui

* *[[Galena]]* (me te pungatara): PbS (86.6 ōrau matā)
* Te matā pākawa waro (*[[Cerussite]]*) (me te hāora, te waro): PbCO3
* Te matā pākawa pungatara (*[[Anglesite]]*) (me te hāora, te pungatara): PbSO4
* *[[Lead oxide]]* (me te hāora): PbO2

## Tirohia hoki
* Whare matā 
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
** Pūmotu taungota 81; Pūmotu taungota 83

## Hoto ki waho
* Los Alamos National Laboratory - matā
* WebElements.com - matā
* EnvironmentalChemistry.com - matā
* Ka mutu haere te hinu-ā-matā
* Kōrero whakatūpato
Konuruke

Ko **konuruke** ("Ra") he pūmotu. Ko te taungota, 88; ko te Takiwā, 7; ko te Rōpū, 2. 

## Āhuatanga rongo
* Taumaha ngota: 226.0254 *[[tau papatipu|amu]]* 
* Mārō: ?
* Kiato: 5 000 kg/m3
* Kahakawe iahiko: ? 106/(m·Ω)

## Ko ngā pūhui
* *Radium oxide* (me te hāora): RaO
* *Radium chloride* (me te hau māota): RaCl2

## Ko ngā ingoa anō
* konutuki 

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
* Pūmotu taungota 87
* Pūmotu taungota 89

## Hoto ki waho
* Kōrero whakatūpato (reo Pākehā)
* Konuruke (reo Pākehā)
* Konuruke (reo Pākehā)
* te kitenga o konuruke (reo Pākehā)

## Tohutoro
* *Guide to the Elements - Revised Edition*, Albert Stwertka, (Oxford University Press; 1998) ISBN 0-19-508083-1
Rino

Ko **rino** (reo Hawaii: **' takea mai te kupu reo Marēo-Porinīhia i mua *''paqet''; [[reo Rātini]]: ''ferrum'', **Fe*') he pūmotu. Ko te [[taungota]], 26; ko te [[Takiwā ripanga pūmotu|Takiwā]], [[Pūmotu takiwā 4|4]]; ko te [[Rōpū ripanga pūmotu|Rōpū]], [[Pūmotu rōpū 8|8]]. 

Ko pūmotu kua whakaurua ki te mātau o te tangata whenua Aotearoa nō i hokohoko ngā whao ai te kahupapa Pākehā o [[Kāpene Kuki|Hēmi Kuki]] nō te tau 1770; kei te mōhio hoki te tangata Māori i tēnei rawa mai te pūrongo o te hokohoko ki ētahi "whao" waenga te tāngata [[Tahiti]] (me te kupu [[Reo Tahiti|Tahiti]]: *fao*) me te ngā kauhoe o te waka Piritene *HMS Dolphin* i te tau 1767. 

== Āhuatanga rongo ==
* [[Taumaha ngota]]: 55.845 *amu* 
* [[Mārō]]: 4.0
* [[Kiato]]: 7 874 kg/m<sup><small>3</small></sup>
* [[Kahakawe iahiko]]: 9.93 10<sup><small>6</small></sup>/(m·[[ohm|Ω]])

== Ko ngā pūhui ==
* Te [[tīra]] (me te [[waro]], te [[konukōreko]], te [[konukita]], *Vanadium*, ...)
* *Hematite* (*ferric oxide*) (me te [[hāora]]): Fe<sub><small>2</small></sub>O<sub><small>3</small></sub>
* *Magnetite* (*ferrous oxide*) (me te [[hāora]]): Fe<sub><small>3</small></sub>O<sub><small>4</small></sub>
* *Cementite'' (me te waro): Fe3C

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
* Pūmotu taungota 25
* Pūmotu taungota 27

## Tohutoro


## Hoto ki waho
* Los Alamos National Laboratory – rino
* WebElements.com – rino
* EnvironmentalChemistry.com – rino
* ngā pūmotu - rino
* ko te rino i roto i āu kai
2007

## Ngā Kaupapa o te tau

### Kohi-tātea
### Hui-tanguru
* 6 Hui-tanguru - Waitangi Day
### Poutū-te-rangi
### Paenga-whāwhā
* 25 Paenga-whāwhā - Anzac Day
### Haratua
### Pipiri
*  Matariki
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea
* 25 Hakihea - Kirihimete

## Rā whānau

## Ngā mate

## Tirohia hoki
* Maramataka

## Hoto ki waho
* Wikipedia Pākehā: Kaihautū whenua, 2007
* Wikipedia Pākehā: Rārangi kōrero mō te taiao o Aotearoa
* BrainyHistory: 2007
Taranaki

Ko **Taranaki** (reo Pākehā: *“Mount Egmont”*) — 2,518 m — he maunga ki Te Tai-hauāuru o Te Ika-a-Māui o Aotearoa, he takiwā hoki. 

Ko Ngāmotu te tāone nui o te takiwā.

E ai ki te kautenui o te tau 2018, e 117561 te taupori o Taranaki. Mai i te kautenui o te 2013, e 7953 te pikinga ake o te tokomaha tāngata.

## Kupu tautoko

## Hoto ki waho
* 
* He whakaahua
Ngāti Awa

Ko **Ngāti Awa** he iwi o Te Ika-a-Māui o Aotearoa. 13,044 ngā mema i te 2001. Nā Te Runanga o Ngāti Awa Māori Trust Board Act 1988 i whakatūria ai tō te iwi runanga. Ko Pūtauaki te maunga, ko Mātaatua te waka. Ka raupatutia ō rātou whenua i te 1864, koia te raupatu tuatahi.

## Ko ngā marae
*Puawairua
*Taiwhakaea
*Te Rangihouhiri
*Whakatane
*Tu Teao
*Kokohinau
*Ruaihona
*Uiraroa
*Te Māpou
*Tuariki
*Hahuru

## Tirohia hoki
*Hirini Moko Mead
*Rārangi iwi

## Hoto ki waho
*mō Ngāti Awa
Porirua

Ko **Porirua** te tāone o Te Ika-a-Māui o Aotearoa, ki te taha whakararo i Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara. Ko te ingoa o mua ko "Pari-rua". 

E ai ki te kautenui o te tau 2018, e 56,559 te taupori o Porirua. Mai i te kautenui o te 2013, e 4,842 te pikinga ake o te tokomaha tāngata.

## Kupu tautoko

## Hoto ki waho
* Kaunihera o Porirua
Tekau tau 1990

----
Ko te **Tekau tau 1990** ngā tau atu i te 1990 tae noa ki te 1999.

## Ko ngā āhuatanga nunui
*Gulf War
*European Union
*Te whakamutunga o te noho wehewehe-ā-iwi ki Āwherika-ki-te-tonga
*Te DVD
Rōpū ripanga pūmotu

Ko ngā **rōpū ripanga pūmotu**:
* '''1''': 1 H Hauwai; me ngā maitai pāpāhua ("*[[Alkali metals]]*") 3 Li Lithium, 11 Na Konutai, 19 K Konurehu, 37 Rb Rubidium, 55 Cs Caesium, 87 Fr Francium
* '''2''' - maitai nuku pāpāhua ( "*[[Alkaline earth metals]]*"): 4 Be Konuuku, 12 Mg Konupora, 20 Ca Konupūmā, 38 Sr Strontium, 56 Ba Konu-okehu, 88 Ra Konuruke
* '''3''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 21 Sc Scandium, 39 Y Yttrium, 71 Lu Lutetium, 103 Lr Lawrencium
* '''4''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 22 Ti Titanium, 40 Zr Zirconium, 72 Hf Hafnium, 104 Rf Rutherfordium
* '''5''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 23 V Vanadium, 41 Nb Niobium, 73 Ta Tantalum, 105 Db Dubnium
* '''6''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 24 Cr Konukita, 42 Mo Molybdenum, 74 W Tungsten, 106 Sg Seaborgium
* '''7''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 25 Mn Manganese, 43 Tc Technetium, 75 Re Rhenium, 107 Bh Bohrium 
* '''8''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 26 Fe Rino, 44 Ru Ruthenium, 76 Os Osmium, 108 Hs Hassium
* '''9''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 27 Co Cobalt, 45 Rh Rhodium, 77 Ir Iridium, 109 Mt Meitnerium
* '''10''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 28 Ni Konukōreko, 46 Pd Palladium, 78 Pt Platinum, 110 Ds Darmstadtium
* '''11''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 29 Cu Konukura, 47 Ag Kawata, 79 Au Koura, 111 Rg Roentgenium - "*[[Noble metals]]*"
* '''12''' - ētahi maitai tauwhiro: 30 Zn Konutea, 48 Cd Konuhirimā, 80 Hg Konuoi, 112 Cn Copernicium
* '''13''': he maitai-rite 5 B Pūtiwha; me ētahi maitai-raro-iho 13 Al Konumohe, 31 Ga Gallium, 49 In Indium, 81 Tl Thallium, 113 Nh Nihonium
* **14**: he maitai-kore 6 C Waro; me ētahi maitai-rite 14 Si Takawai, 32 Ge Germanium; me ētahi maitai-raro-iho 50 Sn Tīni, 82 Pb Matā, 114 Fl Flerovium
* '''15''': ētahi maitai-kore 7 N Hauota, 15 P Pūtūtae-whetū; me ētahi maitai-rite 33 As Arsenic, 51 Sb Antimony; me ētahi maitai-raro-iho 83 Bi Bismuth, 115 Mc Moscovium - "*[[Pnictogens]]*"
* '''16''': ētahi maitai-kore 8 O Hāora, 16 S Pungatara, 34 Se Selenium; me ētahi maitai-rite 52 Te Tellurium, 84 Po Polonium, 116 Lv Livermorium - "*[[Chalcogens]]*"
* '''17''': 9 F Hau kōwhai, 17 Cl Hau māota, 35 Br Pūkane, 53 I Iodine, 85 At Astatine, 117 Ts Tennessine - "*[[Halogens]]*"
* '''18''': 2 He Haumāmā, 10 Ne Haukura, 18 Ar Hauhauhā, 36 Kr Krypton, 54 Xe Hautūāpōkere, 86 Ra Radon, 118 Og Oganesson - "*[[Noble gases]]*"

## Tirohia hoki
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu

## Hoto ki waho
* WebElements - Group numbers
Pūmotu rōpū 11

Ngā **pūmotu** o te **[[Rōpū ripanga pūmotu|rōpū]] 11**, "*noble metals*":

## Tirohia hoki
* Ahupūngao
* Mātauranga matū
* Ripanga pūmotu
** Pūmotu rōpū 10; Pūmotu rōpū 12
Rautau 20

Ko te **Rautau 20** ngā tau atu i te 1901 tae noa ki te 2000.

## Tirohia hoki
* Maramataka
* Rautau 18
* Rautau 19
* Rautau 21
Hēmi Hēnare

Ko Tā **Hēmi Hēnare** he tohunga, he rangatira rongonui nō Ngā Puhi.

Ko ia hoki tētahi i hāpai i te Kohanga reo, i te kura kaupapa, kia kore ai to tātou nei reo e ngaro.
Ahuriri

Ko **Ahuriri** te tāone nui o te takiwā o Heretaunga, Aotearoa. Ko te ingoa Pākehā o te tāone nei ko 'Napier'.

E ai ki te kautenui o te tau 2018, e 62241 te taupori o Ahuriri. Mai i te kautenui o te 2013, e 5001 te pikinga ake o te tokomaha tāngata.

Ko Ngāti Kahungunu te tangata whenua o reira. 

## Āhuarangi

## Tirohia hoki
*Heretaunga

## Kupu tautoko

## Hoto ki waho
* paetukutuku kaunihera (reo Pāhekā)
*Ahuriri (reo Pāhekā)
Rārangi wānanga o Aotearoa

He **rārangi wānanga** tēnei:

## Aotearoa
*Te Kunenga ki Purehuroa
*Te Wānanga Aronui O Tamaki Makau Rau
*Te Wānanga o Waipapa - Tāmaki-makau-rau
*Te Whare Wānaka o Aoraki - Lincoln
*Te Whare Wānanga o Otāgo
*Te Whare Wananga o te Upoko o te Ika a Maui - ("Wikitoria")
*Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato
*Te Whare Wananga o Waitaha
*Te Wānanga o Aotearoa
1853

Ko te **1853** he tau o te [Maramataka a Kerekori]]. Ko tēnei tau he *[[tau noa]]*; ko te rā tuatahi, te 1 Kohi-tātea, he Rāhoroi.

## Ngā kaupapa o te tau
### Kohi-tātea
### Hui-tanguru
### Poutū-te-rangi
### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea
## Rā whānau
### Kohi-tātea
### Hui-tanguru
### Poutū-te-rangi
### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea
## Ngā mate
* François Arago, (1786-1853), kaipūtaiao o Catalonia

### Kohi-tātea
### Hui-tanguru
### Poutū-te-rangi
### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea
## Kaihautū o te ao

### Āhia
* Kuweiti - Sheikh Jabir ibn Abdullah Al Sabah, Rangatira o Kuweiti (1814--1859) 

### Amerika
* Parīhi -  Pedro II, (1831--1889) 

### Awherika
* Buganda - Suna II (1836--1856) 
* Moroko - Abderrahmane (1822--1859) 
* Rawana - Mutara II Rwogera (1830--1853) 

### Ūropi
* Pāniora - Isabella II, (29 Mahuru 1833-Mahuru 1868)
* Kīngatanga Kotahi - Wikitoria (1837-1901
* Puruhia - Frederick William IV (1840-1861)
* Rūhia - Nicholas I (26 Hakihea 1825-2 Poutū-te-rangi 1855) 
* Whenua Korukoru - Abd-ul-Mejid (2 Hōngongoi 1839-25 Pipiri 1861)

## Tirohia hoki
*Maramataka

## Hoto ki waho
*Wikipedia Pākehā: Kaihautū whenua, 1853
*Wikipedia Pākehā: Rārangi kōrero mō te taiao o Aotearoa
*BrainyHistory: 1853
Tekau tau 1980

Ko te **Tekau tau 1980** ngā tau atu i te 1980 tae noa ki te 1989.

## Ko ngā āhuatanga nunui
*Rugby World Cup ki Aotearoa
*Te Hikoi ki Waitangi
*Keri Hulme - Booker Prize ("The Bone People")
*Pan Am Flight 103: te pahū i runga i Lockerbie, Kotarangi
*Chernobyl
*Glasnost me Perestroika ki Ruhia
*VHS
*CER
*David Lange me Rogernomics
*Falklands War
*"The Cosby Show"
*"E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial"
*Rubik

## Hoto ki waho
*The 80s decade super site on the web
*1980-89, 1990-99 (reo Ingarihi) 
*:en:Timeline of New Zealand history
Hurricanes (tīma Super 14)

Ko ngā **Hau Āwhiowhio** nō Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara, Porirua, Kapiti, Horowhenua, Manawatu, Rangitikei, Whanganui, Taranaki, Wairarapa, Kahungunu, Heretaunga, Ahuriri, Wairoa, Ngāti Porou.

## Kaitakaro
* Andrew Hore
* Ben Herring
* Brent Ward
* Chris Masoe
* Conrad Smith
* Hosea Gear
* Isaac Boss
* Jerry Collins
* Jimmy Gopperth
* Joe McDonnell
* Joe Ward
* Kristian Ormsby
* Lome Fa'atau
* Ma'a Nonu
* Neemia Tialata
* Paul Tito
* Piri Weepu
* Riki Flutey
* Rodney So'oialo
* Ross Kennedy
* Scott Waldrom
* Shannon Paku
* Tana Umaga
* Tāne Tu'ipulotu
* Thomas Waldrom
* Tim Fairbrother
* Tony Penn

## Ngā kēma whutupōro, 2006
*

## Tīma
Blues | Brumbies | Bulls | Cats | Cheetahs | Chiefs | Crusaders | Force | Highlanders | Hurricanes | Reds | Sharks | Stormers | Waratahs 

## Tirohia hoki
* Super 14
* Hurricanes (tīma Super 12)

## Hoto ki waho
* HAeremai ki te kāinga ...
Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi

Ko **Te Āti Haunui-a-Pāpārangi** he iwi e noho ana kei ngā tahataha o te awa o Whanganui, kei te hauāuru o Te Ika-a-Māui, Aotearoa. E 8,820 te taupori i te 2001. Ko Aotea te waka; ko Ruapehu te maunga; ko Whanganui te awa; ko Turi te tangata. Ko Pūtiki tētahi o ngā marae.

## Tirohia hoki
*Rārangi iwi

## Hoto ki waho
*Poari Māori o te Awa o Whanganui
Pāpāuma

Ko te **Pāpāuma** tētahi mauwha nō Aotearoa. He momo rākau, he whānui ngā rau. He aka te tīmatanga o te nuinga. He mea ka tupu kē mai i runga i tētahi atu rākau. He ingoa anō tō te rākau nei, arā, he *Akakōpuka*, he *Akapuka* rānei. Ko te ingoa pūtaiao ko *Griselinia lucida*. Ko Cornaceae te ingoa whakarōpūtanga tawhito o taua whānau. Ko te ingoa reo Pākehā he *Broadleaf*.

## Hoto ki waho

## Tohutoru
*Metcalf, Laurie, 2002. *A Photographic Guide to Trees of New Zealand*. Tāmaki-makau-rau: New Holland.
*Salmon, J.T., 1986. *The Native Trees of New Zealand*. Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara: Heinneman Reed.
Hikurangi (Tai-rāwhiti)

Ko **Hikurangi** he maunga ki te rāwhiti o Te Ika-a-Māui o Aotearoa.

"E mahara iho ana, he waka ka urutomo;
"He ika rere ki Hikurangi rā ia."

## Tirohia hoki
*Hikurangi (Tai-tokerau)

## Hoto ki waho
*https://web.archive.org/web/20050306083628/http://www.ngatiporou.iwi.nz/files/his02.html
*'Japan Sun Over Hikurangi'
* Coastie Beach Whānau Ruatoria
Santiago de Compostela

Ko **Santiago de Compostela** he tāone kei Pāniora me te tāone matua o Karihia.
Nuinga tāngata (2004): 92,298.

## Hoto ki waho
* Whare whakarauika o Galicia
* Tari tāpoi o Santiago de Compostela
Taiwana

Ko **Taiwana** he whenua ki te Moana Haina-ki-te-Rāwhiti ki Āhia.  

## Tāone nui
* Taipei
* Kaohsiung
* Taichung

## Tirohia hoki
Rārangi whenua

## Iwi
* Amis 
* Atayal 
* Truku 
* Sediq
* Bunun
* Kavalan
* Paiwan
* Puyuma
* Rukai
* Saisiyat 
* Sakizaya
* Tsou 
* Thao
* Tao

## Hoto ki waho
* Paetukutuku Kāwanatanga
Te Arawa

Ko **Te Arawa** te waka tupuna o Ngāti Pikiao, Ngāti Rangiteaorere, Ngāti Rangitihi, Ngāti Rangiwewehi, Ngāti Tahu, Ngāti Tara-a-Whai, Ngāti Tū, Ngāti Tuara, Ngāti Tūwharetoa, Ngāti Uenuku Kōpako, Ngāti Whakaue, Ngāti Whāoa, Tapuika, me Tūhourangi. Ko Te Arawa te waka, ko Te Arawa te iwi, he iwi nō Te Moana-a-Toi, tae noa ki Taupō-nui-a-Tia. Ka ahu mai ō rātou tūpuna nō Ngā Ohomairangi.

## Ngā kōrero o mua
Ko Ngātoro-i-rangi te tohunga o runga o Te Arawa waka, ko Paepae-ki-Rarotonga te waka o Waitahaarikikore te matua o Hahuru. Me Timata te Whakapapa o Ngāti Tūwharetoa ki Hawaiki ki Puhaorangi. He tupua a Puhaorangi, engari ka puremutia e ia tētahi wahine Māori ko Kuraimonoa te ingoa. Ko a rāua tamaiti ko Ohomairangi. He arikinui a Ohomairangi nō Hawaiki, he amokapua nana i whakangungu ai te marae o Taputapuatea. Nā Ohomairangi ko Muturangi. 

He tino tohunga a Muturangi, nōna te wheke mōkaikai nā Kupe i whai mai ki Aotearoa nei patu ai - ara ko te Wheke a Muturangi. Nā Muturangi ko Taungarangi, nā Taungarangi ko Tuamatua (ki ētahi ko Atuamatua). I te wā o Tuamatua kua takina te iwi ko Ngā Ohomairangi ko to rātou kainga ko Maketu ki Hawaiki. Ka moea e Tuamatua ngā mokopuna tokowhā o Ruatapu, a ka puta ōna uri ko Rakauri, ko Tia, ko Hei, ko Houmaitawhiti, ko Oro, ko Maaka. Ko Ngatoroirangi te tamaiti a Rakauri, he tino tohunga tēnei ki Hawaiki rā, ko tōna wahine ko Kearoa. Ko Ngatoroirangi te tohunga o runga o Te Arawa waka. Nā Ngātoro-i-rangi ko Tangihia, nana ko Tangimoana, ko Kahukura, ko Rangitakumu, ko Mawakenui, ko Mawakeroa ko Mawaketaupo. Ka moe a Mawaketaupo ki Hahuru o Hapuoneone a ka puta te tamaiti nei a Manaia.

## Tirohia hoki
*Rārangi iwi

## Hoto ki waho
*Te Arawa Lakes Trust
Rangitoto

Ko **Rangitoto** ("Ngā Rangi-i-totongia-a Tama-te-kapua") he moutere ahi tipua e tata ana ki Tāmaki-makau-rau. Kei te taha o Motutapu e takoto ana.
Aotea (moutere)

Ko **Aotea** he moutere ki te rāwhiti o Tīkapa Moana. Ko Ngati Rehua Ngātiwai ki Aotea te iwi o reira.

## Ngā wahi

### Tāone nui

* Claris (tāone matua)
* Tryphena (tāone nui)
* Port Fitzroy

### Tētahi atu wahi
* Motairehe
* Harataonga
* Awana Bay
* Medlands Beach
* Kaitoke Beach
* Okiwi
* Palmers Beach
* Whangaparapara
* Whangapoua Beach
Tony Blair

Ko **Tony Blair** te Pirimia o te Kīngitanga Kotahi. Nō Kōtirana ia. Te kaiārahi o te Rōpū Reipa ia.
Ngāti Kurī

Ko **Ngāti Kuri** he iwi nō  Te Tai-tokerau, Aotearoa. E 6,492 ngā mema i te 2013. 

## Tirohia hoki
*Rārangi iwi

## Hoto ki waho
*Paetukutuku mō Ngāti Kuri
*Te Kerēme Wai 262
*2013 Census iwi individual profiles:Ngāti Kurī
Korunga

Ko **Korunga**, (reo Pāniora: *La Coruña*) te tāone matua o Korunga Porowini me te tāone matua o te takiwā o Karihia i Pāniora-ki-te-raki. Ko te taupori i te tau 2004, he 242, 846.

## Hoto ki waho
Pāniora

Ko **Pāniora**, arā te **Kīngitanga o Pāniora** (reo Pāniora: *Reino de España*), tētahi whenua e whakakapi ana i te nuinga o te kuiti o Iberia ki te tonga rāwhiti o Ūropi. 

E whirinaki ana a Pāniora (mai te raki, me te matawā) ki te Whanga Biscaya, Wīwī, Andorra, te Moana Rōwhenua, te whenua Ingarihi o Kāmaka, Potukara me te Moana Ranatiki.  Nōna hoki ngā Moutere Baleares ki te Moana Rōwhenua, ngā Moutere Canarias ki te Moana Ranatiki, me ngā tāone tūwaho e rua ki te raki o Awherika a Ceuta me Melilla e whirinaki ana ki Moroko.  Whaihoki ēnei takiwā katoa e 504,645 km² tōna rahinga whenua (t4 ki Ūropi i mua i a Rūhia, Ūkareinga me Wīwī), ā, nō tōna teitei wawaenga e 650m o runga i te pae moana koia te whenua maunga tuarua ki Ūropu (whai muri i Huiterangi). 

He tahatahi rawa te toha o ōna kainoho e 46 miriona nō te mea, atu i te ūpokonga a Madrid i te pokapū o te kuiti, noho ai te nuinga o ngā tāngata ki ngā takutai maha.  Ko te reo Pāniora te reo whaimana o te whenua katoa, ā, he maha ngā reo ā-rohe kua tapaina hei reo taurite e ngā kaiwhakahaere kāinga, whaihoki te reo Catalonia, te reo Pākihi, te reo o Galicia me te Aranese.  Koia te whenua pōwhiri manene tuatahi o Ūropi me ōna kainoho whakawhānau tāwāhi e 4.5 miriona.  

Kua oti tōna tauwhiro mai te mana whakatuanui ki te manapori i tōna tuhiture o te tau 1987; ināianei he arikitanga manapori pāremata tūtahi.  He mema o te Kotahitanga o Ūropi, ā, he mea whakahirahira hoki ki a ia tōna whanaungatanga ki te hapori o Amerika-ki-te-tonga, arā, ngā whenua kōrero reo Pāniora, i raro i te maru Pāniora rānei i ngā wā o mua.  He whenua whanake; nōna te ōhanga tuawaru o te ao.   

## Hoto ki waho
* Official tourism portal for Spain
* Weather forecast for Spain
Karihia

Ko **Karihia** he hapori rangatira ki te tokerau o Pāniora. Ko Fernando Ignacio González Laxe te tumuaki o te taua porowini nō te 1987 ki te 1989.

## Tāone
* A Coruña
* Ferrol 
* Lugo 
* Ourense 
* Pontevedra 
* Santiago de Compostela
* Vigo



Image:Situacion Provincia da Coruña.PNG|Porowini o A Coruña
Image:Situacion Provincia de Lugo.PNG|Porowini o Lugo
Image:Situacion Provincia de Ourense.PNG|Porowini o Ourense
Image:Situacion Provincia de Pontevedra.PNG|Porowini o Pontevedra


## Hoto ki waho
* Xunta de Galicia
* CRTVG
* Universidade de Vigo
* Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
* Universidade da Coruña
Ourense

Ko **Ourense** he tāone nui i te takiwā o Karihia. Koia tonu te tāone matua o te Porowini o Ourense i Pāniora. E 108,600 te taupori i te 2004.

## Hoto ki waho
* Mō Ourense
* Ourenet: Mō te porowini o Ourense
* Mō ngā iwi o Ourense
Ūropi

Ko **Ūropi** tētahi o ngā paparahi tuku iho e whitu o te Ao. Pērā i ngā paparahi katoa, he rerekē tōna rohe mēnā ka kōrerotia ā-ahureatia, ā-tōrangapūtia, ā-aha rānei. Heoti, e ai ki te nuinga ka toha a Ūropi mai te Moana Tiri ki te raki, ki te Moana Ranatiki ki te hauāuru, ki te Moana Rōwhenua ki te tonga, ki te tonga rāwhiti ki ngā Maunga Kaukas me te Moana Mangū, ā, ka wehuriatia i a Āhia e ngā Maunga Ural, e te Awa Ural me te Moana Kaspia ki te rāwhiti.

Atu i tēnei whakamāramatanga auau, ki ētahi atu he wāhanga noa iho a Ūropi o te paparahi o Eurāhia (koi hauāuru), o Eurawherāhia rānei. E tapaina hokia ana i ētahi wā ko te 'paparahi tawhito' (te 'ao tawhito' rānei), hei aronga kē mō te 'Ao Hou', arā, ngā Amerika.

E ai ki tōna rahinga whenua ko Ūropi te paparahi iti rawa tuarua o te Ao, me ōna km² 10,180,000, arā, 2% o te mata o te Ao. Engari, koia te mea nui rawa tuatoru e ai ki tōna taupori (whai muri mai i a Āhia me Āwherika), me ōna kainoho e 710,000,000, 11% rānei o ngā tāngata o te ao. Ko Rūhia tōna whenua nui rawa ā-rahinga, ā-taupori hoki, ā, ko te Poho o Pita te mea iti rawa.

Ko Ūropi te wāhi whānau o te Tūpori Hauāuru. He tūnga whakaawe ō ngā whenua o Ūropi mai te rautau 16; tae noa atu ki ngā rautau 17, 18 hoki i raro iho te nuinga o Āwherika, ngā Amerika me Āhia i te maru o ngā whenua o Ūropi. I timu haere tō Ūropi mana maru o runga o ngā take aorere a muri i ngā Pakanga Aorere e rua, kia riro ai i te Hononga-o-Amerika me te Kotahitanga Soviet. Nā te Pakanga Mātao i waenganui i ēnei whenua e rua a Ūropi e weheruatia ki ia taha o te Ārai Rino. Ka puta te Rūnanga o Ūropi me te Kotahitanga Ūropi i te kōmitimiti ki te hauāuru, ahakoa kei te whakawhānui whakaterāwhiti ēnei whakahaere nō te hinganga o te Kotahitanga Sovet i te tau 1991.

### Mātai Whenua Torangapū

## Tautuhi

## Ōhanga

## Hoto ki waho

* Pārongo tūruhi
Ralph Hotere

Ko **Ralph Hotere** (Hone Papita Raukura Hotere)  (1931-2013) he kaipeita rongonui o Aotearoa.

I whānau mai ia i te 1931, ki Mitimiti; nō Te Aupouri ōna herenga whakapapa. Nō te 2013 i hemo ki Ōtepoti.
Lugo

Ko **Lugo** he tāone nui o te takiwā o Karihia. Ko Karihia tonu tētahi o ngā takiwā o Pāniora. Ko **Lugo** te tāone matua o te Porowini o Lugo. E 91,426 te taupori i te 2004. Ka rere i reira hoki te awa e kīa nei ko te Rio Miño.

## Tirohia hoki
*Pāniora 

## Hoto ki waho
Pontevedra

He tāone nui a **Pontevedra** i te rohe e kīa nei ko Karihia. Koia tērā tētahi o ngā rohe o Pāniora. Ko Pontevedra hoki te tāone matua o te porowini o taua ingoa anō, arā o Pontevedra. Ko te rahi o taua porowini he 118 km². E 83 260 te taupori i te 2020. I hangaia i reira te kaipuke o Christopher Columbus, arā te "Santa María". He rua ngā awa nunui o taua whenua, ko te Lérez tētahi, ko te Tomeza tētahi.
Tītitipounamu

Ko te **Tītitipounamu** he manu ngahere nō Aotearoa. He manu itiiti nō te ngahere, he rite ki te mātuhituhi engari ko te uma he mā. Ko te tipuaki me te tuarā o te tame he kāriki. Ko te uha he hāura kōtiwhatiwha. Ko te ingoa pūtaiao ko *Acanthisitta chloris*. Ko te ingoa reo Pākehā ko te *Rifleman*.

## Tirohia hoki
*Ngā manu o Aotearoa: Tītitipounamu (reo Pākehā)

## Tohutoro
*Robertson, C J R. (Etita), 1985. *Reader's Digest Complete Book of New Zealand Birds*. Poihākena: Reader's Digest.
Whitināmu

Ko **Whitināmu** (reo Whitināmu: Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) he whenua kei te tonga o Āhia. Ko te ingoa roa o te whenua ko te Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Ko ngā whenua tata o Whitināmu ko Haina, Rāoho me Kamapōtia. Ko Whitināmu tētahi o ngā whenua e rima e toe ana e whakapono ana ki te communism. Ko Hanoi te whakapaipai o Whitināmu. Ko te tāone nui ko Hokimina Tāone (ko Haikono i mua). Tata ki te 94,444,200 ngā tāngata e noho ana ki Whitināmu.
Te Tihi-o-Maru

Ko **Te Tihi-o-Maru** (Timaru) he tāone nui o Te Wai-pounamu, kei te taha o Kā Poupou-a-Te Rakihouia i Te Tai-o-Mahānui.
Mongōria

Ko **Mongōria** he whenua ki Ahia. Ko ngā whenua e tūtata ana ko Rūhia me ko Haina. Ko te whenua ko te whenua iti Inia kapi i roto i te ao nei.

## Hoto ki waho
* CIA - Mongolia (reo Pākehā)
* Roto Uvs Nuur (Wikipedia Pākehā)
* Roto Khuvsgul (Wikipedia Pākehā
Initonīhia

Ko **Initonīhia** (reo Initonīhia: *Republik Indonesia*, reo Māori: Tūwehe o Initonīhia) he whenua nui ki Āhia.

## Tāone nui
* Jakarta (tāone matua)
* Surabaya
* Bandung
* Medan
* Bekasi
* Serang
* Depok
* Tangerang
* Palembang
* Makassar
Āwherika-ki-te-tonga

Ko **Āwherika-ki-te-tonga** he whenua nui ki Āwherika.

## Tirohia hoki
* Rārangi tīma Super 12
* Whakaahua (tauira?)
2 Hōngongoi

2 Pipiri --- 1 Hōngongoi  3 Hōngongoi --- 2 Here-turi-kōkā 

----
Ko te **2 Hōngongoi** te rā 183 o te tau noa, te rā 184 o te tau pihetiri; kei te toe 182 ngā rā.

## I tēnei rā
* 2000 - Wiwi 2, Itaria 1, ki te poikiri o Ūropi. 

## Rā whānau
* 419 - Valentinian III, Kaihautu o ngā Roma (i mate i te 455).
* 1903 - Olav V o Nōwei (i mate i te 1991)

## Ngā mate
* 1778 - Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Huiterangi (i whānau i te 1712)
* 1937 - Amelia Earhart
* 1977 - Vladimir Nabokov, he kaituhi (i whānau i Ruhia i te 1899)

## Hoto ki waho
* BBC: i tēnei rā (reo Pākehā)
* Today in History (reo Pākehā)

 2 Pipiri --- 1 Hōngongoi  3 Hōngongoi --- 2 Here-turi-kōkā
Ferrol

Ko **Ferrol** he tāone nui o te takiwā o Karihia i Pāniora. Kei te takutai o te Moana Ranatiki a Ferrol e tū ana i te . E 81.9 km² te rahi. E 77,859 te taupori i te 2004.

## Hoto ki waho

* Ferrol, WikiMapia
* Ferrol TV
* Kaunihera-ā-tāone (Reo Pāniora)
* Ahumahi (Reo Pāniora)
* Tauā moana o Pāniora (Reo Pāniora)
1808

Ko te **1808**, te tau kotahi mano, e waru rau mā waru, he tau pekerangi. Ko te rā tuatahi he Rāmere.

## Ko ngā kaupapa o te tau

### Kohi-tātea
### Hui-tanguru
### Poutū-te-rangi
### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### [Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea
## Rā whānau
## Ngā mate
### Kohi-tātea]]
### Hui-tanguru
### Poutū-te-rangi
### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### [Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea

## Tirohia hoki
*Maramataka

## Hoto ki waho
*Wikipedia Pākehā: Kaihautū whenua, 1808
*Wikipedia Pākehā: Rārangi kōrero mō te taiao o Aotearoa
*BrainyHistory: 1808
1998

Ko te **1998**, te tau kotahi mano, e iwa rau, e iwa tekau mā waru: he tau noa, ko te rā tuatahi, 1 Kohi-tātea, he Rāpare. 

## Ngā kaupapa o te tau
### Kohi-tātea
### Hui-tanguru
### Poutū-te-rangi
### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea

## Rā whānau

### Hui-tanguru
### Poutū-te-rangi
### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea

## Ngā mate
### Kohi-tātea
### Hui-tanguru
### Poutū-te-rangi

### Paenga-whāwhā
* 6 Paenga-whāwhā - Tammy Wynette, kaiwaiata

### Haratua
### Pipiri
* 10 Pipiri - Hammond Innes, he kaituhi Ingarihi
* 11 Pipiri - Catherine Cookson, he kaituhi

### Hōngongoi
* 22 Hōngongoi - Hermann Prey, he kaiwaiata tiamana (i whānau i te 1929)

### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru

### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea

## Tirohia hoki
* Maramataka

## Hoto ki waho
* Wikipedia Pākehā: Kaihautū whenua, 1998
* Wikipedia Pākehā: Rārangi kōrero mō te taiao o Aotearoa
* BrainyHistory: 1998
Kākahi

Ko **Kākahi** () he nohanga i te takiwā o Manawatū-Whanganui, e 15 kiromita pea ki te tonga mā whiti i Taumarunui, e tata ana ki te awa o Whanganui.
Turakina Maori Girls College

Ko **Turakina Māori Girls College** he kura tuarua mō ngā kōtiro Māori ki Marton, ki te hauāuru o Te Ika-a-Māui, Aotearoa.

Ko Turakina Māori Girls’ College he kura o te Hāhi Perehipitiriana. Nā te Hāhi Perehipitiriana o Aotearoa i hoko tētehi o ngā whare tawhito o Turakina mō te kura hou. I whakatūria tēnei kura e te Minita, H.J. Fletcher, mō ngā kōhine Māori i te tau 1905, ā, nā te Pirimia, R.J. Seddon i huakina. Toru tekau noa iho ngā tauira i tīmata ai i te tau tuatahi, ā, ka noho a A.G. Hamilton hei tumuaki me tana hoa wahine hei kaiwhakahaere ō te whare noho. I tapaina te kāreti ki te taone iti ō Turakina, ā, i noho ai te kura ki reira tae atu ki te tau 1928. Ko te pūtake o te kura kia whakaako atu ki ngā kōhine Māori i ngā mahi a te kāinga, te matauranga hākirikiri me te whakapono Karaitiana. 

Nā te tawhito o te whare ki Turakina, ā, nā te ngaringari hoki a nga tauira i haere ana ki te kāreti, ka hūnuku ai te kura ki te taone o Marton i te tau 1928. I konā tētehi whare pai ake hei nohonga mō te kura.  Ko tētehi o ngā mea pai o te taone o Marton ko te rerewe o Marton Junction, kia taea ai e ngā tauira te haere mā runga tereina ki te kura mai i o rātou kāinga huri noa i te motu. 

Tae atu noa ki te tau 1980, i noho a Turakina Māori Girls’ College hei kāreti umanga ake. I te 26 Whiringa-a-Rangi  1980, i whakakotahi te kura ki raro i te maru o te Kāwanatanga. Ahakoa tēnei, i mau pūmau tonu te kura ki ōna uaratanga; arā ko te Mana Māori, Mana Wairua, Mana Wahine me te Mana Mātauranga. Ko Turakina Ngā Hara te pepeha o te kāreti.  

E whā ngā whare mō ngā tauira. Ko Manawa (whero), ko Rangiora (kahurangi), ko Kōwhai (kōwhai) me Taupata(kākāriki).

Nā reira me mutu noa iho ēnei kōrero i konei. Ko te mea nui, kua kite tātou i te tupunga ake o te kāreti kōhine Māori a Turakina mai i tētehi kura hei wāhi ako mō ngā mahi o te kāinga anake, ki tētehi kura e whakananaotia ana i ngā wahine toa. 

## Hoto ki waho
*Paetukutuku o te kāreti (reo Pākehā)

*Matthews, N. (2005). He kura Māori, he kura hāhi. World Indigenous Peoples Conference on Education, 27 Nov - 1 Dec 2005. Hamilton, New Zealand.
*New Zealand Department of Education (1980). Turakina Māori girls’ college integration agreement. Wellington, New Zealand.
*Turakina Māori Girls’ College (1984). Turakina Māori girls’ college. Marton, New Zealand: the college, Turakina, New Zealand.
*Turakina Māori Girls’ College. (2009). Historical background. Retrieved March 12, 2009, from https://web.archive.org/web/20100524091926/http://tmgc.school.nz/history.html
*Wilson, M.W. (1952). Turakina, the story of a country parish 1852-1952. Christchurch, New Zealand: Presbyterian Bookroom.
Tiamana

Ko **Tiamana** (reo Tiamana: *Deutschland*), arā te **Tūwehe Whakaminenga o Tiamana** (reo Tiamana: Bundesrepublik Deutschland), he whenua ki te pokapū o Ūropi. 

E whirinaki ana a Tiamana (mai te Raki, me te matawā) ki Tenemāka, te Moana Raki, Pōrana, Tīekia, Ateria, Huiterangi, Wīwī, Rakapuō, Pehiamu, Hōrana me te Moana Baltic.  E 357,021 km² tōna rahinga whenua. 

Ko Tiamana te whenua taupori nui rawa o te Kotahitanga o Ūropi, me ōna kirirarau e 82 miriona.  Ahakoa ko Pearīni te tāone matua, tāone nui rawa hoki me ōna kainoho e 3,410,000, ko te rohe o Rine-Ruhr kē te kāhui nohoanga tuatahi o te whenua nō ngā tāngata neke atu i te 10,000,000 e noho toha ana ki ngā tāone o Düsseldorf, Koln, Essen, Dortmund, Duisburg me Bochum.  Ko Tiamana te kaipōwhiri manene tuatoru o te ao i te mea 12% o tōna taupori he mea whakawhānau tāwāhi mai;  ko te nuinga o ēnei i ahu mai i te Whenua Korukoru.  Ko te reo Tiamana te reo whaimana.   

He tūwehe whakaminenga pāremata a Tiamana me ōna wehenga (Bundesländer) 16.  He peke rohe Euro, Rūnanga o Ūropi, Kotahitanga Aorere, NATO, Whakahaere Ruruku Whakahiato Ōhanga, G8 me te G4.  Koia te ōhanga tuatoru o te ao, te kaikaweatu tuatahi me te kaiwhakapau pūtea waonga tuaona.  He teitei te pai oranga kua whanake a Tiamana mō ōna kainoho, waihoki tōna pūnaha maru hapori.  He tūnga pūtake tōna i ngā take o Ūropi, ā, he amorangi pūtaiao, hangarau whakahirahira hoki.   

Nō mua mai o te tau 100 ka mōhiotia he rohe e kīia nei ko Tiamana, reira noho ai ētahi iwi Tiamani.  Mai te tau 962 tae noa ki 1806 i noho whakaawetia e Rāwhitirangi o roto o te Emepaia Tapu o Roma.  I whakakotahitia tuatahitia a Tiamana nō te mutunga o te Pakanga Wīwī-Puruhia i te tau 1871 i raro i he wehenga kua whakaawetia e Puruhia.  I weheruatia anōtia a Tiamana nō muri i te Pakanga Aorere Tuarua e ai ki ngā rohe i whetaina e ngā Uku.  Kua whakakotahitia whakamutungatia nō te 3 Whiringa-ā-Nuku 1990, arā, 11 ngā marama ā muri i te wetewete i te Pakitara o Pearīni, nōna tēnā whakakotahitanga i tīmata ai mō te iwi whānui.

## Tāone nui
Nā ō rātou taupori i 2011
# Pearīni (*Berlin*) - tāone matua
# Hamapaka (*Hamburg*)
# Munich
# Cologne
# Frankfurt
# Düsseldorf
# Stuttgart
# Dortmund
# Essen
# Bremen
# Dresden
# Hanover
Mataatua

Ko **Mataatua** te waka tupuna o Ngāi Tai (Waikato), Ngāi Te Rangi, Ngāi Tūhoe, Ngāti Awa, Ngāti Manawa (Mataatua), Ngāti Rangi (Mataatua), Te Whakatōhea, me Te Whānau-a-Apanui. Ko Toroa te kaihautū o taua waka. I te wā i haere atu a Puhi, i taria e ia te waka ki Matauri, ki Ngā Puhi. Hoki ai ia ki tōna wāhi kāinga noho ai me rātou. Nāna i kī, kei te haere. Hoki i reira, nāna te waka i hari ki Ngā Puhi, ki Matauri.

"Ko ngā uri o Mataatua i toitū ki te rohe. Ka tū mai ngā uri o Wairaka, o Awanuiarangi, o Tūhoe-pōtiki hei rangatira nui mō Ngāti Awa rāua ko Tūhoe. Ko Muriwai te tipuna whakahirahira o Te Whakatōhea. Nā te whawhai a Puhi rāua ko Toroa mō ngā mahinga ka wehe atu a Puhi me te waka ki Tākou i Te Tai Tokerau. Ko Puhi tētahi o ngā tīpuna nui o te iwi o Ngā Puhi".

## Tirohia hoki
*Rarangi iwi

## Hoto ki waho
*Paetukutuku o Ngāi Te Rangi
*Paetukutuku o Ngāti Awa 
*Poari o Whakatōhea

## Tohutoro
Te Whānau-a-Apanui

Ko **Te Whānau-a-Apanui** he iwi nō Te Moana-a-Toi, Aotearoa. Ko Apanui Ringamutu te tipuna taketake o tēnei iwi. I a Apanui e taitama tonu ana, ka tukuna ki a ia he rohe whenua i Te Tai-rāwhiti tae noa atu ki Mōtū awa. Nā ōna uri te whenua i whakakī. Ka whakahokia anō ngā painga mā te hapori e ngā hua o te patu tohorā. Tae noa ki ēnei rā, ka whakahaerengia ai Te Whānau-a-Apanui ngā rawa o te moana, o te hao ika, o ngā poraka whenua paina me ētahi atu painga whai hua i tukuna iho e ngā tīpuna. Ko Mataatua te waka.

:Mai i Taumata o Apanui ki Pōtaka
:Ko Whanokao te maunga
:Ko Mōtū te awa
:Ko Whakaari te puia
:Ko Apanui te tangata
:Ko Te Whānau-a-Apanui te iwi

## Hoto ki waho
*Te Runanga O Te Whānau
Nohoanga kawa ipurangi

*Tirohia [[:en:IP address|te tuhi pānui o te Wikipedia Ingarihi]] kia tuhia ai he tuhi pānui Māori.*
1990

Ko te **1990**, te tau kotahi mano, e iwa rau, e iwa tekau: he tau noa, ko te rā tuatahi, 1 Kohi-tātea, he Rāhina. 

## Ko ngā kaupapa o te tau

### Kohi-tātea

### Hui-tanguru

### Poutū-te-rangi
* 11 Poutū-te-rangi - Kōrero Rituania ka tū wehe
* 21 Poutū-te-rangi - Namipia - ka whakatūria ai hei whenua tū wehe. Nā Āwherika-ki-te-tonga kē te mana kāwanatanga i ngā tau 75 o mua.

### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea
* 9 Hakihea - Slobodan Milosevic Tumuaki o Hēwia

## Rā whānau

### Kohi-tātea

### Hui-tanguru

### Poutū-te-rangi
* 24 Poutū-te-rangi - Keisha Castle-Hughes
### Paenga-whāwhā
### Haratua
### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea

## Ngā mate
### Kohi-tātea

### Hui-tanguru

### Poutū-te-rangi
* 13 Poutū-te-rangi - Karl Münchinger, kaiwaiata nō Tiamana (i whānau i te 1915)

### Paenga-whāwhā
* 17 Paenga-whāwhā - Ralph Abernathy, kaiwhakahaere o mana tangata ki Te Hononga o Amerika (i whānau i te 1926)

### Haratua
* 16 Haratua - Sammy Davis Jr., he kaiwaiata, he kaikanikani nō Te Hononga o Amerika (i whānau i te 1925)

### Pipiri
### Hōngongoi
### Here-turi-kōkā
### Mahuru
### Whiringa-ā-nuku
* 14 Whiringa-ā-nuku - Leonard Bernstein, (i whānau i te 1918)

### Whiringa-ā-rangi
### Hakihea

* 2 Hakihea - Aaron Copland, (i whānau i te 1900)
* 14 Hakihea - Friedrich Dürrenmatt, [kaituhi o [Huiterangi (i whānau i te 1921)

## Tirohia hoki
* Maramataka

## Hoto ki waho
* Wikipedia Pākehā: Kaihautū whenua, 1990
* Wikipedia Pākehā: Rārangi kōrero mō te taiao o Aotearoa
* BrainyHistory: 1990
Tau pekerangi

Ko te **tau pekerangi** he kupu i hangaia hei whakaahua i te tau ka kuhuna he rangi anō ki te maramataka. He ingoa kē atu ko te **tau kuhurangi**.

## Whakamārama
E 365 me te hauwhā ngā rā, ka oti te huringa kotahi a Papatūānuku i te Rā. Nō reira, i whakatauria kia 365 rā te roa o te tau māori. Otirā, ia whā tau, ka tapekehia ngā rā e whā, ā, ka tāpirihia tētahi anō rā ki te tau kia 366 ngā rā. Ka tāpirihia taua rā ki te marama o Hui-tanguru, ā, ka tapaina ēnei tau ki te ingoa tau pekerangi, tau kuhurangi rānei.
 

* A: Ko te rā tuatahi he Rāhina - 1652, 1680, 1720, 1748, 1776, 1816, 1844, 1872, 1912, 1940, 1968, 1996, 2024, ...
* B: Ko te rā tuatahi he Rātū - 1664, 1692, 1704, 1732, 1760, 1788, 1828, 1856, 1884, 1924, 1952, 1980, 2008, ...
* C: Ko te rā tuatahi he Rāapa - 1676, 1716, 1744, 1772, 1812, 1840, 1868, 1896, 1908, 1936, 1964, 1992, 2020, ...
* D: Ko te rā tuatahi he Rāpare - 1660, 1688, 1728, 1756, 1784, 1824, 1852, 1880, 1920, 1948, 1976, 2004, 2032, ...
* E: Ko te rā tuatahi he Rāmere - 1644, 1672, 1712, 1740, 1768, 1796, 1808, 1836, 1864, 1892, 1904, 1932, 1960, 1988, 2016, ...
* F: Ko te rā tuatahi he Rāhoroi - 1656, 1684, 1724, 1752, 1780, 1820, 1848, 1876, 1916, 1944, 1972, 2000, 2028, ...
* G: Ko te rā tuatahi he Rātapu - 1668, 1696, 1708, 1736, 1764, 1792, 1804, 1832, 1860, 1888, 1928, 1956, 1984, 2012, ...

## Tirohia hoki
* Maramataka
Rautau 21

Ko te **rautau 21** ngā tau atu i te 2001 tae noa ki te 2100.

## Tirohia hoki
* Rautau 19
* Rautau 20
* Rautau 22
* Maramataka
Poutū-te-rangi

Ko **Poutū-te-rangi** te marama tuatoru o te tau.

## I tēnei rā
* 17 Poutū-te-rangi - Te Rā o Hato Pateriki
* 23 Poutū-te-rangi - Huritau o te porowini o Ōtākou

## Rā whānau
## Ngā mate
Kohi-tātea

*[[Hakihea]] <-- --> [[Hui-tanguru]] *

Ko **Kohi-tātea** te marama tuatahi o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 1 Kohi-tātea 1999 - ka hurihia te moni o Ūropi ki te Euro.

## Rā whānau
* 25 Kohi-tātea 1982 - Noemi he kaiwaiata nō Itāria.

## Ngā mate
Paenga-whāwhā

*[[Poutū-te-rangi]] <-- --> [[Haratua]]*
----

Ko **Paenga-whāwhā** (Paenga-whāwhā) te marama tuawhā o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 1 Paenga-whāwhā 2005 - Kōti mō te Taiao: te whakawātanga i te W035/2005 (Ngāti Wai)
* 10 Paenga-whāwhā 2005 - Whutupaoro: Hurricanes ki Waratahs, kei Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara

## Rā whānau
## Ngā mate
Haratua

*[[Paenga-whāwhā]] <-- --> [[Pipiri]] *
----

Ko **Haratua** te marama tuarima o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 1 Haratua 2004 - ka tukua e Tariana Turia tana turu i te Pāremata o Aotearoa
* 29 Haratua 1848 - Ka whakauru a Wisconsin ki te Te Hononga o Amerika hei te wāhanga whenua toru tekau o Amerika.

## Rā whānau
* 29 Haratua 1903 - Bob Hope, kaiwaiata merikana; kei Ingarani kē ia i whānau mai ai.

## Ngā mate
Pipiri

*[[Haratua]] <-- --> [[Hōngongoi]] *

----
Ko **Pipiri** te marama tuaono o te tau.

## I tēnei rā
* 4 Pipiri - 19 Pipiri 2005 - ka whakanuia a Matariki kei Te Papa
** 2005 - Matariki
* 15 Pipiri 2004 - Nā Oscar Temaru a Gaston Flosse i whakakapi hei Tumuaki o Tahiti.
* 16 Pipiri 2007 - Matariki
* 27 Pipiri 2006 - Matariki

## Rā whānau
* 7 Pipiri 1848 - Paul Gauguin, kaipeita
* 26 Pipiri/7 Hōngongoi 1752 - Joseph Marie Jacquard, kaihanga Wīwī (i mate i te 1834)

## Ngā mate
* 25 Pipiri 1861 - Abd-ul-Mejid, Kaihautū o Whenua Korukoru
* 25 Pipiri 2009 - Michael Jackson, kaiwaiata
Hōngongoi

*[[Pipiri]] <-- --> [[Here-turi-kōkā]] *
----

Ko **Hōngongoi** te marama tuawhitu o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 2 Hōngongoi:
** 1839 - Whenua Korukoru Abd-ul-Mejid, Kaihautū (2 Hōngongoi 1839-25 Pipiri 1861).
* 5 Hōngongoi - Ngā Mamaku 53, Ahitereiria 46.
* 10 Hōngongoi 2004 - Te pōtitanga ki Te Tai-hauāuru: ka toa a Tariana Turia (Rōpū Māori) te Mema Pāremata mō Te Tai-hauāuru.

## Rā whānau
* 3 Hōngongoi 1874 - Tā Apirana Turupa Ngata nō Ngāti Porou (i mate i te 14 Hōngongoi 1950)

## Ngā mate
* 14 Hōngongoi 1950 - Tā Apirana Turupa Ngata
* 27 Hōngongoi 2003 - Bob Hope (i whānau mai i te 29 Haratua 1903).
Here-turi-kōkā

*[[Hōngongoi]] <-- . --> [[Mahuru]] *
----

Ko **Here-turi-kōkā** te marama tuawaru o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 1860 - I hui katoa mai ai ngā rangatira o Aotearoa ki Kohimarama. 
* 1 Here-turi-kōkā 1830 - Wiwi - Louis-Phillippe, Kingi o Wiwi (1 Here-turi-kōkā 1830-24 Hui-tanguru 1848)
* 13 Here-turi-kōkā 2004 - ka tīmata Te Taumāhekeheke o te Ao, i Atene, Kirihi.

## Rā whānau
* 12 Here-turi-kōkā 1887 - Erwin Schrödinger
* 29 Here-turi-kōkā 1958 - Michael Jackson, kaiwaiata

## Ngā mate
* 18 Here-turi-kōkā 1850 - Honoré de Balzac
Espoo

Ko **Espoo**  (reo Huitene: *Esbo*) he tāone nui ki Whinirana, ki te taha tokerau o Ūropi.
 
Rāhi: 528 km² (312 km² oneone, 216 km² moana)

Taupori:
* (1920) 9,000
* (1950) 22,000
* (2000) 210,000
* (30 Pipiri 2005) 229,034

## Ko ngā tāngata whai pānga
* Marketta Kokkonen

## Ngā wai
* Kvarnbyan (he awa)

## Ngā moka tāone
* Espoon keskus
* Espoonlahti
* Kalajärvi
* Kauklahti
* Leppävaara
* Matinkylä-Olari
* Tapiola

## Ngā wāhi mahi
* Te kaunihera-ā-tāone o Espoo
* Nokia (ki Keilaranta)
* Te Wānanga Hangarau (ki Otaniemi)
* TietoEnator Oyj

## Hoto ki waho
* Espoo
* Mahere whenua - Espoo, Helsinki, Vantaa
* Mahere whenua - Espoo
* Rauemi - Espoo
Te Matatiki

Ko "**Te Matatiki**: Contemporary Māori Words" he papakupu (pukapuka taki kupu) a Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori. Ko te tino take o te pukapuka, he whakawhānui i ngā kupu Māori kia kaha ai te reo rangatira hei reo kōrero i ngā kokonga katoa o tōna ao, i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te ao hurihuri o nāianei.

Nō te tau 1992 i tāia tuatahitia ai *Te Matatiki*.

## Tohutoro
*Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori, *Te Matataki: Contemporary Māori Words*. Oxford University Press: Tāmaki-makau-rau, 1996.
Mahuru

*[[Here-turi-kōkā]] <-- --> [[Whiringa-ā-nuku]] *

Ko **Mahuru** te marama tuaiwa o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 9 Mahuru 2004 - Tūwharetoa kapa haka
* 14 Mahuru:
** 1752 - ka tīmata te whakamahi o te Maramataka-a-Kerekori ki ngā whenua reo Ingarihi
* 15 Mahuru 2000 - Ngā Taumāhekeheke o te Ao ki Poihākena, Ahitereiria
* 26 Mahuru 1907 - ka tū wehe a Aotearoa 

## Rā whānau
* 14 Mahuru - Alexander von Humboldt, (i mate i te 1859)

## Ngā mate
* 8 Mahuru 2022 - Irihāpeti te Tuarua
* 2 Mahuru 2001 - Christiaan Barnard
Whiringa-ā-nuku

Ko **Whiringa-ā-nuku** te marama tekau o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 17 Whiringa-ā-nuku 1854 - ka puta tuatahi ai *The Age* nūpepa ki Poipiripi, Ahitereiria.
* 18 Whiringa-ā-nuku 1752 - te whakaritenga tuatahi o te whakaari pūoru a Rousseau "Le Devin du Village"

## Rā whānau
* 16 Whiringa-ā-nuku 1854 - Oscar Wilde, he kaituhi nō Airangi († 1900) 

## Ngā mate
Whiringa-ā-rangi

*[[Whiringa-ā-nuku]] <-- --> [[Hakihea]] *
----

Ko **Whiringa-ā-rangi** te marama tekau mā tahi o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 26 Whiringa-ā-rangi 2004 - huinga tuatahi o te Rōpū Māori. I reria a Pita Sharples rāua ko Tariana Turia.

## Rā whānau
* 7 Whiringa-ā-rangi 1976 - Mark Philippoussis, he kaitākaro tēnehi nō Ahitereiria
* 13 Whiringa-ā-rangi 1850 - Robert Louis Stevenson, he kaituhi nō Ingarangi (i mate i te 1894) 

## Ngā mate
* 3 Whiringa-ā-rangi 2002 - Lonnie Donegan, he kaiwaiata
Hakihea

*[[Whiringa-ā-rangi]] <-- --> [[Kohi-tātea]]*

Ko **Hakihea** te marama tekau mā rua o te tau.

## I tēnei marama
* 16 Hakihea - te taenga mai o ngā kaipuke e whā ki te whakanoho i Ōtautahi, Aotearoa
* 19 Hakihea 1850 - ka tū wehe a Hawai'i

## Ngā mate
* 19 Hakihea - Emily Brontë, kaituhi
Ingarangi

Ko **Ingarangi** (reo Pākehā: *England*, ) he whenua o te Kīngitanga Kotahi. Ko Rānana te tāone matua.

## Ngā tāone nunui
* Rānana
* Pāmingama
* Mānaheta
* Rira
* Riwapūru
* Hauhamatona
* Pirihita
* Ōkiwhata
* Natihama
* Hewhira
* Niukāhera i runga Taina

## Ngā awa
* Tēme
* Hewhēna
* Tereni
* Taina
* Mēti
Vincent van Gogh

Ko **Vincent Willem van Gogh** (30 Poutū-te-rangi 1853 – 29 Hōngongoi 1890) he kaipeita rongonui nō Ūropi. I whānau mai ia ki Zundert, Hōrana, te tama a Anna Cornelia Carbentus rāua ko Theodorus van Gogh. 

## Hoto ki waho
* Whare taonga Van Gogh (reo Pākehā)
* Āna mahi, āna reta katoa (reo Pākehā)
Tāone matua

Ko ngā **Tāone matua** o ētahi whenua ngā tāone nohoia e te kāwanatanga.

* Amāna, Hōtene
* Anakara, Tākei
* Apia, Hāmoa
* Atene, Kirihi
* Harāre, Timuwawe
* Hiruhārama, Iharaira
* Kānapera, Ahitereiria
* Katamarū, Nepōra
* Koromo, Hiri Rānaka
* Kuara Rūpa, Mareia
* Madrid, Pāniora
* Manira, Piripīni
* Mohikau, Rūhia
* Pakatata, Īrāki
* Pangakoko, Tairana
* Parī, Wīwī
* Paruhi, Pehiamu
* Pearīni, Tiamana
* Peihinga, Haina
* Rānana, Ingarangi
* Rihipone, Potukara
* Rōma, Itāria
* Tapurini, Airangi
* Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara, Aotearoa
26 Hakihea

Ko te **26 Hakihea** te rā 360 o te tau noa, te rā 361 o te tau pekerangi.

## I tēnei rā
* 268 - i mate a Papa Dionysius
* 1716 - i whānau mai a Thomas Gray, kaituhi
* 1840 - Ruhia - Nicholas I (**26 Hakihea** 1825 to 2 Poutū-te-rangi 1855) 
* 1893 - i whānau mai a Mao Zedong
* 1898 - ka pānuitia a Marie Curie rāua ko Pierre Curie te wehenga o konuruke 
* 1925 - ka whakatūria te Maramataka-a-Kerekori ki Whenua Korukoru
* 1972 - i mate a Harry S. Truman

## Hoto ki waho
* BBC: I tēnei rā (reo Pākehā)
* Hakikea 26 (reo Pākehā)
----
26 Whiringa-ā-rangi - 25 Hakihea  27 Hakihea - 26 Kohi-tātea
Whangaparāoa (Tāmaki-makau-rau)

Ko **Whangaparāoa** he nohanga o te takiwā o Tāmaki-makau-rau, i roto anō i te rohe whenua o Ākarana-ki-te-raki (AK). E ai ki Toitū Te Whenua, he nohanga (he 'locality' rānei ki te reo Pākehā) he wāhi nohoia e te tangata, engari kāore anō kia tae te nui o te taupori ki te nui e taea ai te kī he tāone tonu tēnei. Ko Tāmaki-makau-rau tētahi o ngā takiwā o Aotearoa, kei Te Ika-a-Māui taua takiwā. Kei Whangaparāoa hoki te pāka-ā-takiwā o Shakespear.

## Tohutoro

*  Toitū Te Whenua (Land Information New Zealand). He mea kite i te 2007-09-04.

*