open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ekiyumba ekigerere(the Greenhouse)

Gakuweebwa Muwanga !! Ekiyumba ekigerere(Green House).Ekiyumba ekigerere mulamwa oguggwayo nga "ekiyumba ekigerere embeera"

Omuntu okukola ekiyumba ekigerere kuba kukoppa nampewo(the atmosphere) Katonda mw’ateeka ebirungo ebiwagira ebiramu okuba obulungi . 

Nampewo omugeraageranya n’ekiyumba ekigerere ; ka tugambe ky’ekiyumba ekigerere ekya Katonda omuli embeera ezisobozesa obulamu okubeeramu obulungi. 

Ekiyumba ekigerere (Greenhouse) tekisibuka mu Ssaza ly’e Bugerere wabula kitekebwa mu embeera engerere oba ez’ekigero ekyetaagisa okukuza ekimera.Mu njogera endala ekiyumba kino kigererwa embeera yonna eba yetaagibwa ekirime okukuliramu. 
 
Ekiyumba kino kiba kizimbe ekitera okukolebwa mu kirawuli, oba pulaasitiika, ebimera mwe bikuzibwa mu mbeera engerere. Ekiyumba ekigerere kiyinza okuteekebwa mu mbeera y’obudde eyefaananyirizibwa ey’ekitundu kyonna ku Nsi . 

Ekiyumba kino kisobozesa okugenda mu maaso okulima ekirime yadde embeera y’obudde ekyuuse  oba mu mbeera y’obudde engwiira . 

Ebintu ebikulu biri bina mu nkuza y’ebimera mu kiyumba ekigerere – amazzi, ebbugumu, ekitangaala, n’empewo ebigere. Bino bye byetaagisa okufuna ebirime ebiramu mu kiyumba kino. Ssinga ekimu ku bino kiva mu kipimo ekyetaagisa ,ekirime kiba kikonziba .Kikulu okumanya obubonero bw’okukonziba. 

Bw’oba otandika ekiyumba ekigerere  manya embeera y’obudde gy’oyagala okuyeeyereza (mimic) okusinziira ku birime by’oyagala okukuza.  Kino kyetaagisa ekyuuma ekigera ebbugumu ( thermostatic device.)   kubanga ebirime ebimu byesisiwala nnyo olw’enkyuukakyuuka za tempulikya.   

 Ebugumu lirina okupimibwa okusinziira ku kika n’obwetaavu bw’ekirime. 
Enfuumo y’amazzi eri mu mpewo (humidity) nayo yetaaga okupima mu kigero ekyetaagisa ekirime ky’oyagala okukuza.  Enfuumo y’amazzi mu nampewo yetaaga okuba ey’ekigero yadde mu ttaka. 

Obufukirira (sprinkler systems) n’obunnyogoza biyinza okweyambisibwa okutuuka ku kino
Ekirala ekyetaagisa  kye kitangaala. 

Ekitangaala si kitangaala butangaala nga bw’okiraba kubanga tekyenkanankana. Ekitangaala kirimu endaga ya langi (spectrum of colours) eziyitibwa obuwanvu bw’ejjengo (wave length). Yadde nga tetuyinza kulaba na maaso gaffe agali obukunya buwanvu bwa jjengo buno obw’enjawulo, ebimera biyinza okuketta obuwanvu buno n’obutaffaalikazimbira (cerls). Ebimera ebimu bikula bulungi mu buwanvu bw’amayengo obwenjaawulo. Okumanya obuwanvu bw’amayengo obw’enjawulo kikuyamba okumanya ekitangaala ekisinga obulungi ekyokukozesa mu kiyumba ekigerere.

Ekisembayo y’empewo. Ennyingiza n’enfulumya y’empewo (air circulation) kintu kikulu nnyo. Ebirime ebimu byesisiwala nnyo, yadde ku nkyuukakyuuka mu tempulikya akatono.

Bino byonna nga byenkanyankanyizibbwa , ojja kuba omaze okutandika ekiyumba ekigerere kyokka faayo ku bipimo ne ky’obagisa (frame) ekiyumba kyo ekigerere. Ennaku zino basinga kukozesa bipooli bya aluminiyaamu (aluminium alloys) kubanga obutaba nga mbaawo , tebyetaaga kusiigako langi oba eddagala ly’ebiwuka so ng’ate emitayombwa gino emitono giyamba ekitangaala okuyingira obulungi mu kiyumba.
Obulamu obw'Enjawulo (Biodiversity)

Gakuweebwa Muwanga !! Kino ky' ekibalo Katonda kye yateekawo okusobozesa obulamu ku nkulungo y’Ensi yaffe.Okusooka obulamu bwetaaga bino wansi:

(i)	Ekitangaala eky’ekigero

(ii)	Obulamu obw’enjawulo(Biodiversity)

(iii)	Nabuzimbe eya Kaboni n’ebbugumu ery’ekigero

(iv)	Amazzi

(v)	Ebirungo by’emikka ebikola empewo ey’obulamu

Okukuuma obuwangaaliro bwaffe n’olwekyo kiba kitwetaagisa okukuuma omutindo gw’obutonde ogwa bino wansi:

(a)	Ebiramu eby’enjawulo ebiri ku Nsi, ebimera, ensolo, n’obulamu obusirikitu obusinga obungi.

(b)	Kaboni n’ekigero ky’ebbugumu ekyetaagisa ku Nsi.

(c)	Amazzi agali ku Nsi

(d)	Empewo esangibwa mu Nampewo ku  Nsi.

Ekiwangaaliro mulamwa gwe Mulamwa Muwanga gwe yazimbye okuva mu bigambo by’Oluganda “obutonde bw’Ensi mwe tuwangaalira”. Abamu mujja kulowooza nti netumiikiriza okuzimba emiramwa gye tulina mu luganda naye ekituufu kiri nti nze nga omunoonyereza bwe nzuula obwetaavu obw’okukola ennongoosereza mu bigambo bye tukozesa sisobola kukikwatibwa nsonyi wabula ngenda mu maaso butereevu n’enkola ennongoosereza.

Mu lulimi lwonna omulamwa ogujjibwayo ekigambo ekimu guba mwangu okutegeera , okujjukira n’okunnyonnyola okusinga ogwo ogujjibwayo ebigambo ebibiri oba okusingawo. Tubadde tukozesa ebigambo “obutonde bw’ensi”(nature of the earth) okuvvuunula  “environment”. Obuzibo bubadde bujja nga twetaaga okuvvuunula:

•	Obuwangaaliro bw'Obutonde (the “natural” environment )

Tekikola makulu kugamba nti “obutonde bw’ensi obw’obutonde”(the natural environment) kubanga environment kiraga mbeera eyinza okuba ey’obonde oba etali ya butonde.

Okuddira ebigambo “obnutonde bw’ensi mwe tuwangaalira” n’embijjamu omulamwa gw’obuwangaaliro kigenderedde kujjawo kubuzaabuzibwa okwo era kati osobola okuvvuunula “the natural environment        ” butereevu n’akagambululo “obuwangaaliro bw’obutonde”. 

Kigonze nnyo , kati mu kifo ky’okugamba obutonde bw’Ensi okozesa kigambo kimu “obuwangaaliro” era n’okinnyonnyola ensibuko y’akyo nga ekiva mu bigambo by’oluganda “obutonde bw’ensi mwe tuwangaalira.
Empalirizo z'Entondeka y'Ebikole(The Forces of Production)

Gakuweebwa Muwanga !! Empalirizo z’Entondeka y’Ebikole(the Forces of Production) zirimu :

i)	Omutindo gwa sayansi n'Omutindo gwa tekinologiya

(ii)     Enziukanya y'emirimu(managerial standards)

iii)	Emikwanaganyo gy'ebyenfuna(economic relations) omuli Obukulembeze n’enzirunganya y’emirimu (managerial capacity).

N’olwekyo omutindo gw’enkulaakulana y'entabaganya gusinziira ku mutindo gwa “mpalirizo za ntondeka ya bikole” (production forces).
Weetegereze  :

"Empalirizo z’Entondeka y’ebikole"(Forces of Production). Bw'omala  okumanya  ensonga ezetaagisa okutondeka ebikole(the factors of production)oba olina okumanya empalirizo ezetaagisa okuwaliriza ensonga ezo okuvaamu ebikole. Empalirizo zino zirimu:

	Sayaansi n'entondeka (tekinologiya)
	Enzirukanya y’ebikolebwa (Managerial standards of the production process )
	Emikwanaganyo gy’ebyenfuna (economic relations)
Obutaffaali bw'Omubiri (Body cells)

Mu Luganda oluyivuwavu buli kigambo kyawukana mu makulu n'ebirara ne bwe biba bifaanagana nnyo mu njatula ne mu mpandiika ! Waliwo enjawulo wakati w'akatono n'akatini ate era waliwo enjawulo wakati w'akataffaali n'akatoffaali.

Mu essomabiramu twogera ku butaffaali bw'omubiri (body Cells) kyokka mu essomabuziba(Chemistry) ne essomabuzimbe oba essomabutonde (Physics) tutera kwogera ku botoffaali(Particles). 

Obutaffaali obuzimba omubiri bukolebwa molekyu ez’enjawulo.  Zino ze molekyu ezizimba omubiri ezirina endagabutonde (DNA) era nga zisobola okuzaala endala munda.

Obutaffaali obuzimba omubiri nga bwekutte wamu bukola emiwuula egy'ebitundu by'omubiri . Buno bwe buzimbe bw’omubiri obukola ebitundu by’omubiri eby’enjawulo.
Ekikula(species)

Gakuweebwa Muwanga !!

Ekikula oba Sipiisa. Weetegereze "ekikula"(species) teba "nkula(shape, form, charachter).

"Ekikula" eba sipiisa ya kiramu oba katugambe nti sipiisa kiba “kikula” kya kiramu ekiba mu lubu lumu era ng’ekikula kino kyezaalamu kyokka. Eky’okulabirako ekikula ky’ekinyonyi tekisobola kuzaala mu kikula kya mmese.

Ekikula ye sipiisa(species) y’ekiramu. Mu essomabiramu(biologia) , ekikula(sitegeeza “nkula”) y’emu ku namunigina (units)omusengekebwa ebiramu  mu nsengeka y’ebiramu             ( taxonomic rank.) . Sipiisa oba Ekikula kisonjolwa nga ekibinja ky’ebiramu ebisobola okwegatta n’okwezaalamu  ebito byakyo.

Kyokk ne mu sipiisa oba buli kikula mubaamu . ebikula ebya wansi(ubspecies). Ebikula ebirabika okuba n’obujajja obumu biteekebwa mu kiti kimu ekiyitibwa ekika(genus).Buli kikula kisobola okuba mu kika kimu kyokka era kino kiyinza okukakasibwa ne DNA yabyo oba endabika endala. Mu bimera okufaanagana mu ndabika y’ebimuli kikusobozesa okumanya ebimera eby’ekika ekimu. 
Ku nsi kuliko ebitonde ebiramu bingi  ebisengekeddwa mu kiyitibwa spiisa oba ebikula eby’enjawulo. Ekikula kiyinza okuba sipiisa y’ekiramu kyonna omuli  ensolo, ekimera, bakitiriya, n’ebirala.

Twandirowoozezza nti buli kibinja kya kiramu ekirina ekikula  ekimu era nga kyezaalamu kyokka, tekisobola kuzaala mu kirala, kye kiyitibwa sipiisa oba ekikula (spieces) kyokka sipiisa emu eyinza okubaamu ebika eby’enjawulo ebitasobola kwezalamu. 

Omuntu naye nsolo (animal) kyokka si “kisolo”(uninterligent animal); ensolo etalina bwakalimagezi(interligence) nga bwa muntu eyitibwa  kisolo . Si buli kikula nti nsolo; ebikula ebimu bimera.

Ekikula kiba kigazi okusinga ekika .Kino kitegeeza nti ekikula ekimu kiyinza okubaamu ebika bingi:

•	Ekyokulabirako ekikula ky’ekinyonyi kirimu ebika by’ebinyonyi bya njawulo nga sekanyolya, ngaali, endegeya, enkusu, kamunye, maaya, enkoko, ssekokko, embaata, n’ebirala bingi.

•	Ate mu kikula kya kappa mulimu engo, empologoma, ne pusi.

•	Ekikula kya goonya kirimu eminya, nawolovu, amakonkome.

Kyoka ekikula ky’omuntu kya njawulo. Omuntu nsolo magulu abiri (bipedal), era ensolo   etambula nga yesimbye jjaali. Abamu bagamba nti ekikula ky’omuntu nakyo kirina ebika bingi. Kino si kituufu, ekikula ky’omuntu kya kika kimu kyokka, wabula enjawulo eri mu langi ya lususu na nnimi awamu n’ebyobuwangwa ebyenjawulo.  Abantu aba langi n’obuwangwa obw’enjawulo basobola okwezaalamu, ekintu ekitasoboka mu nsolo eza sipiisa endala ezirimu ebika ebyenjawulo   (ebitakwatagana).
Sebuzimbe (the Superstructure)

Ensiisira, ennyumba ya Buganda eyedda yabangako empagi luwaga mu makkati ng’esimbiddwa n’eggumira bulungi mu ttaka (mu musingi). Empagi luwaga eno nga y’ebeera sebuzimbe y’ensiisira kubanga yeyetikkanga obuzimbe bw’ekizimbe (ensiisira) kyokka era yayitibwanga sebasitula kubanga y’ewanirira obuzito bw’ennyumba bwonna. Kyokka empagi eno, sebasitula (oba sebuzimbe) nayo erina ekijiggumiza, guno gwe musingi (ekinnya) mw’esimbibwa.	

Entabaganya nayo eba n’ekyefaananyirizaako empagi luwaga eno oba sebuzimbe (sebasitula). Entondeka y’ebyamaguzi okusobola okugenda obulungi mu maaso, wetaagibwa okubaawo ebitongole ebiyinza okuba nga tebyenyigira butereevu mu ntondeka ya bikole naya nga biyamba okusobozesa entondeka y’ebikole okugenda obulungi mu maaso.
Omusingi gw'Ebyenfuna(The Economic Base)

Empagi luwaga ey’ensiisira eva wansi mu musingi (ekinnya) omuwanvu obulungi okusobola okuba ennywevu obulungi. Mu ngeri y’emu, omusingi gw’ebyenfuna (economic base) ogugerageranya n’omusingi guno oguggumiza empagi luwaga mu ttaka.

 Mu byobufuna, omusingi gusinziira ku mpalirizo z’entondeka y’ebikole n’enkolagana (emikwanaganyo) z’ebyanfuna.

Ekimu ku bintu ebikulu mu somo ly’ebyobufuna kwe kumanya nti ebyabyafaayo by’entondeka y’ebikole (the history of production) n’enkulaakulana y’entabaganya, byafaayo bya nkulaakulana mu sayansi ne tekinologiya. 

Enkulaakulana mu sayansi ne tekinologiya etambulira wamu n’okuyivuwaza ennimi enzaaliranwa ng’abantu abazaaliranwa bazimba ebigambo bya sayansi, ekibalangulo, ne tekinologiya mu nnimi zabwe. 

Okubuzaabuza okwakolebwa abafuzi b’amatwale ky’ekimu ekyalemesa abantu abazaaliranwa okukulaakulanya ennimi zaabwe mu sayansi ne tekinologiya ne kireka omusingi gw’ebyenfuna nga mufunda era nga singa tewabaawo kikolebwa gujja kusigala nga mufunda.

Okusobola okujjawo okudibonkanya okwakolebwa abafuzi b’amatwale kitwetaagisa:

i)	Okuba abannyonnyofu mu byobufuna by’entabaganya, okutandika n’ebyafaayo by’enkulaakulana y’entabaganya ezikulaakulanye ng’obigerageranyizza n’ezaffewano mu Afrika.

ii)	Okuzimbulula omusingi gw’ebyenfuna omufunda (narrow economic base). Abangereza baaleka omusingi gw’ebyefuna omufunda ennyo ogwesigamye ku masomo aga sayansi agagubya obugubya obusobozi bwaffe awamu n’okulima n’amakolero agatalina musingi mu kutendekebwa kwaffe wano.

iii)	Okwewala ebikolwa n’enkola ezawulayawula mu bantu, Buganda, Uganda, ne Afirika okutwalira awamu. Okutambuliza eggwanga mu nkola ezawulayawula mu bantu okusinziira ku buwangwa n’amadiini kirina okwewalibwa. Kino kirimu okuwa enkizo abantu ab’obuwangwa obumu n’okudibaga eby’enfuna by’obuwangwa obulala.

iv)	Okwewala enkwe, okukozesa obubi obuyinza, okudiibuuda, obulyake, obuli bw’enguzi, n’obunyunyunsi.

v)	Okwewala embeera z’ebyenfuna n’ebyofunfuzi ez’obukyayi mu bantu ab’enjawulo mu ggwanga.

vi)	Okwenyigira ennyo mu by’obulimi ebiri ku mutindo gw’obusuubuzi mu kifo ky’abo abalina ettaka okulitunda bbo ne bagenda mu “dayasipola” (ebweru wa Uganda) ate abalala ne bagulamu ebya eby’okwejalabya ng’emotoka, bodaboda, n’okukola embaga ez’okweraga.

vii)	Obuteesiba ku kulima kwokka ng’ekyobuwangwa wabula okukola buli kalimu akaleeta ssente gamba ng’okulunda. Abantu baffe balina endowooza ey’emabega egamba nti okulunda tekuli mu buwangwa bwa bwaffe, ensonga lwaki abantu abalunda babayiseeko kuba bbo balunda ate ne balima nga bakozesa nakavundira ava mu busa bw’ensolo ze balunda okujimusa ettaka. Ensolo zino zirya muddobuddo gwetulina wano mu bungi.

viii)	Okuteekawo enkolagana ennungi mu byenfuna, ebyobufuzi n’ebyobuwangwa mu mawanga agali mu Uganda ne Afrika okutwalira awamu.

ix)	Abaganda Okwagala obwakabaka bwaffe ng’ekifundikwa ky’ebyobuwangwa n’empisa zaffe. Obwakabaka y’enkulungo ya Sebasitula wa Buganda.

x)	Okuyivuwaza (intellectualization) ennimi zaffe ez’ekinnansi. Twetaaga okukulaakulanya amagezi aga sayansi, ekibalangulo ne tekinologiya mu nnimi zaffe ez’obuzaaliranwa.
Zeero (Ziro)

Gakuwebwa Muwanga !! Zeero

Zeero eba nkuumakifo(placeholder). Endowooza ya zeero(0), yadde nga kati buli muntu aginnyonnyoka bulungi, yalwawo okukozesebwa abantu ab’edda. Kyokka oluvannyuma abantu abagezigezi baatandika okwebuuza  nti bwe waba tewali kya kubala, ekyo okibaza otya?  Eky’okulabirako bwe bakuwa ebisawo bibiri ekimu nga kirimu sente ate ekirala nga kikalu, temuli sente, ekyo omutali sente n’emu okiraga otya mu buwandiike obwa obubonero  oba mu njogera ey’ekibalangulo (mathematically speaking)?

Abantu bwe baali bakatandika okuwandiika namba ennene nga 60 baasanga obuzibu okulaga enjawulo wakati wa  6 ne 60 kubanga awatali kabonero ka kubala aka ziro mukaaga ne nkaaga bilabika nga bye bimu mu mpaandiika. 

Ababalanguzi (mathematicians) kye baakola kwe kuteekawo “enkuumakifo” (placeholder),  akabonero  ak’enjawulo okulaga nti “mu kifo ekyo tewali "ndagamuwendo ”(digit) yonna.

N’olwekyo namba 909 etegeeza :ebikumi mwenda(lwenda), tewali muwendo gwa makumi  ate waliwo ensusuuba mwenda

Endowooza ya zeero(zero) wano we yatandikira  era oluvannyuma ababalanguzi ne batandika okujibalira mu namba era kati oyinza okulowooza mu ngeri egamba nti nabadde ne yiika z’ettaka 75 ne ntundako yiika 75, kati nina yiika zeero, ekitegeeza nti kati sirina yiika n’emu.
Endagamuwendo (digits)

Gakuweebwa Muwanga !!Endagamuwendo(Digits) kye ki? Zino wansi z'endagamuwendo gwa namba:

Endagamuwendo 1	 ,  2	,3	,4	,5	,6	,7	,8	, 9

Mu namba 2,357 , bbiri ndagamuwendo gwa nkumu, satu ndagamuwendo gwa bikumi, taano ndagamuwendo gwa makumi ate musanvu eraga muwendo gwa namunigina(units) eziyitibwa ensusuuba(ones). 

Mu namba 509 , taano ndagamuwendo gwa bikumi, zeero nkuumakifo(placeholder), ekuuma kifo kya makumi ate mwenda nsusuuba.

Mu mugereeso gwa namba(number theory),  "endagamuwendo" ke “akatoffaali akazimba namba” (a digit is the building block of a number)akalaga omwendo  gwa  buli ndagamuwendo(digit) mu namba .

Nga namba bwe buli obutoffaali obuzimba sessomo ly’ekibalangulo, obutaffaali obuzimba namba ze endagamuweno (digits). Namba ziri buli wamu mu kibalangulo era ziyinza okusengekebwa mu biti oba emitendera egy’enjawulo, ebisonjozo n’ebinnyonnyozo eby’enjawulo.

Endagamuwendo  ze tukozesa kati ziyitibwa “Namba za Kiyindi-Kiwarabu” ("Hindu-Arabic Numerals) era zifaanana bwe ziti: 

0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9

Zino oyinza okuzikozesa ku bwazo okubala okutuuka ku mwenda. Okubala kkumi oba okweyongerayo, tuba tutandika n’omusimbalaala omulala, omusimbalala  ogwa “amakumi”, olwo ne tuwandiika amakumi ameka ge tulina, ne tuddirira namunigina meka.

Namba “13 “etegeeza erimu ekkumi limu ne namunigina(ensusuuba) 3Kino era kiyinza okuwandiikibwa nga  (1 × 10) + (3 × 1). 
Ekyokulabirako:"75" kitegeeza amakumi musanvu ne namunigina 5 oba(7 × 10) + (5 × 1)

Bwe tuba n’emiramwa egisukka mu 99, tuba tutandika omusumbalala omulala. Wano twetaaga okulaga  ebikumi bimeka, amakumi ameka ne namunigina meka.
Mu namba  194  tuba tulina ekikumi kimu, amakumi mwenda, ne namunigina nnya. Kino era tuyinza okukiwandiika nga (1 × 100) + (9 × 10) + (4 × 1). 
Mu namba  "735"  oba okiraba nti mulimu ebikumi 7, amakumi 3 ne namunigina 5,era ekiyinza okulagibwa nga  (7×100 )+ (3×10 )+ (5×1).

Okutwalira awamu buli lw’oyagala okulaga namba esingako obunene, tuba tugattako omusimbalala gumu (one column) ku kkono  era ne tumanya nti kino kitegeeza emirundi 10 okusingako omusimbalala oguli ku ddyo. Kati okiraba nti wetuteeka digito wa mugaso nnyo.
Namba ez'endagakifo

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !! Namba za Ndagakifo ziba namba ezisengeka mu bifo(ordinal numbers)

Namba endagakifo oba edding’anya (Ordinal Number) ye namba erondobamu okusinziira ku kifo ekintu mwe kisengekeddwa mu lunyiriri(ist)  bweti “. 1ka, 2li, 3tu, 4na, 5no, 6ga, 7vu, 8na, 9da, 10mi, 11mu,  n’okweyongerayo. Namba za ndagakifo bwe ziba zoogera ku kintu  ng’ojjeko  1 eyatulwa ekisooka, eziddako zaatulwa  na “kya”……oba “ekyo….”

okugeza kya kubiri  oba eky’okubiri (2li) kyokka bwe ziba ziraga kifo kya muntu zitandika na “wa….”.eky’okulabirako wa kubiri, wa kusatu, wa kuna, n’okweyongerayo. Ate olunaku luba lwa kusooka, lwa kubiri...

Ekyokulabirako: 

(a)Mu kkala za musoke“. Kkala eya bbululu ekwata ekifo kya mukaaga.
 
(b)Omwana yakoze bulungi; yabadde wa  8na   mu kibiina kyonna. 

(c)Ku lusooka ' wajja kubaawo okuwandiisa abaana ku ssomero lya  Twekembe Kindergarten. 

N’olwekyo namba za endagakifo zikugamba ensengeka oba ekifo ky’ekintu ekiri mu musengeko (set).
Namba za Kibazo(cardinal numbers)

Ennamba za Kibazo

Namba ya Kibazo (Cardinal number)  era ye namba ebala (counting number) , ebala obungi (quantity) era ye namba eraga ebintu bimeka ebiri awo oba ebiri omwo. Eky’okulabirako ekugamba nti kimu, bibiri, bisatu, bina, bitaano, kuminakimu, kikumi ,kimumimwabiri, n'okweyongerayo.

Mu kubala, tuyinza okukozesa namba  1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 ,10, 11, 12,… nokweyongerayo. Abantu babadde bakozesa namba okubala enkumi n’enkumi z’emyaka egiyise era okubala kintu kya buttonde. Omuntu ayinza okwogera ku byalina ng’agamba nti alina abaana kumi na bataano, n’eddundiro eririko embuzi abiri mu nnya, abakyaala munaana, n’okweyongerayo. Namba za kibazo (namba ezibala) ze namba ezikozesebwa okubala ng’ezo waggulu: era namba zino zibadde zikozesebwa abantu ova emabega emyaka nkumu.

Namba ya kibazo  n’olwekyo ekugamba “emirundi emeka”  kyokka  era zino ziyitibwa “namba za ndagabungi” (quantitative numbers,) kubanga ziraga obungi oba omuwendo. Omuntu bw’aba  alaga ebintu by’agenda okugula mu katale akozesa namba za ndagabungi   bw’ati”:

	Enkoko 5

	Amatooke 10

	Kiro z’omukyeere 3

	Kiro za sukaali 6

	Embuzi   1

N’omusomesa nga ayigiriza omwana okubala akozesa namba za kibazo bw’ati:

zeero			0
emu 			1
bbiri			2
ssatu			3 , n’okweyongerayo

Namba ya kibazo teba ya “mukutulo/mutunduwazo (fraction) yadde “omutonnyeze/omukumito” (decimal). Eba namba nzijuvu (whole number).
Namba eya Ndagalinnya(nominal number)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !! Namba z’endagalinnya(Nominal number).

“Namba ya ndagalinnya” (nominal number), era gy’oyinza okuyita namba ya ndagamuntu oba ndagakintu,  ewa ekintu/omuntu  erinnya –gamba nga namba ya ssimu, omuzannyi mu ttiimu, abakulembeze ab’ensikirano abalina amannya agafaanagana, abakulembeze b’eddiini.
Ebyokulabirako:

	Omujoozi namba 7

	Muteesa 2

	Paapa Bendikito XVI

	Ssimu namba  071000000 

	Ekifo namba    23

	Mmeeza namba 9
Namba enzijuvu ne Kibalirampuyibbiri(Whole numbers and integers)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !!Namba enzijuvu ne Yintengya

Omugereeso gwa namba” (number theory) era gulimu:

(a) Namba enzijuvu (whole numbers):     0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, .....

Kati ka tugatte zeero ku namba za kibazo(counting numbers) tukole omusengeko omupya ogwa namba.  Wano we wava erinnya eppya erya namba eziyitibwa “ Namba Enzijuvu”(Whole Numbers)  ezikola omusengeko (set) bwe guti : {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ...n’okweyongerayo}. 

Ebyafaayo by’ekibalangulo byafaayo bya babalunguzi kwebuuza bibuuzo n’okunoonya ansa zabyo. Ekibuuzo ekimu eky’okwebuuza  kiri: “singa odda oludda olumu oyinza okudda ne ku lwa kikontana (opposite way)?” 

"Namba eza kiddanyuma"(negative numbers)ne namba za Kiddamaaso(Positive numbers)

Omubalanguzi ayinza okubala ekiddamaaso (forwards)  bwati: 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6 ... naye kiri kitya ng’abala  ekiddannyuma (backwards) bwati : …6,5, 4,3,2,2,0  ? Kati wano omubalanguzi ayinza okubala ekiddamaaso n’ekiddannyuma mu entakoma nga bw’ayagadde.  

Naye namba ddala eba etya eya kiddannyuma? Kino kibaawo nga namba eri wansi wa ziro.

 Eky’okulabirkao mu kupima tempulikya   oyinza okusonjola digiri zeero eza Selisiyaasi (zero degrees Celsius (0° C) ekisonjolwa nga entikko amazzi we gakwatira kyokka singa amazzi geyongera okunnyogoga ennyo okuva ku tempulikya eya zeero Selisiyaasi,  tuba tukiraga nga tempulikya eza negatiivu. 

Oyinza n’okwogera ku magoba aga negatiivu (negative profits) kubanga singa osuubula ebijanjaalo bya mitwalo kumi obitunde ofunemu amagoba, kyokka olw’okuba minzaani yo efunye obuzibu nga ebala bubi(bingi okusinga ku kituufu) n’omaliriza okutunda ng’okunganyizzaawo emitwalo musanvu wano oba mu magoba ga negatiivu kubanga ku sente ze wasize kweyawuddeko emitwalo  esatu, ekitegeeza nti mu kifo ky’okukola amagoba yafiiliddwa bufiilwa emitwalo esatu ku sente ze yasigamu.Namba za kirumirampuyibbiri/Namba Yintegya (Integers) :...., -5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, ....

Singa namba eza kiddannyuma(negative) tuziteeka wamu ne namba enzijuvu (whole numbers), tufuna omugereko gwa namba empya(new set of numbers) eziyitibwa "kibalirampuyibbiri" (integers). Kibalirampuyibbiri ziba zisengekeddwa bwe ziti:  {...,-5,-4 -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,4,5,….}

Kibalirampuyibbiri zirimu ne zeero, namba za kibazo, ne namba za kibazo eza kiddannyuma(the negative of the counting numbers), kin one kikola endaga ya namba eyeyongerayo  mu ntakoma (indefinitely) ku buli ludda nga mu layini ya namba eno:

Kibalirampuyibbiri(Integers) ze namba ezitali nkutulemu  kyokka nga zirimu eza kiddannyuma n’eza kiddamaaso  awamu ne zeero. Kibalirampuyibbiri zikolebwamu omugereko (set) ku lukoloboze lwa  namba (number line) .

Ku lukoloboze lwa namba, zeero(0) teba kiddamaaso yadde kiddannyuma. Kyokka namba nga 1/3, 5/7, 0.009. 1.1, 7.7 oba 8.0009922 si kibalirampuyibbiri  kubanga nkutulemu
Namba ez'Obutonde(natural numbers)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !! 

Namba ez’ensibo oba namba ez'obutonde
       (natural numbers).

 Omulamwa gwa namba ez’ensibo oba namba ez'obutonde gutegeeza:

(a)Namba eza kibazo (Counting numbers): {1, 2, 3, 4,5,6,7,8 ,……..} 

((b)Oba namba enzijuvu (whole numbers):  {0, 1, 2, 3, 4,5,...} 

Wano oba okilaba nti wakyaliwo okukuba empawa ku kuba nti zeero nayo namba ya “nsibo” oba nedda.
Namba za Kyegabanya(Even numbers)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !!Namba za Kyegabanya (Even numbers).

Namba za kyegabanya (Even numbers) zisobola okugabanyizibwamu  bbiri  awatali kusigaza nfissi (remainder).

 Enamba za kyegabanya zikomekkereza ne digito eza, 0,2,4,6,8 oba 10. N’olwekyo namba 0,2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30 namba za kyegabanya.
Emikutule (Fractions)

Gakuweebwa Muwanga !! Emikutule (Fractions)

Singa oba n’omukyungwa gumu ng’oyagala ogugabane kyenkanye n’omuntu omulala (ow’okubiri) oba olina okugusalamu ebitundu bibiri ebyenkanankana. Wano oba otondeseewo namba ey’ekika ekirala kubanga oba nga adidde namba 1 n’ogigabanyamu namba endala 2 okufuna ekiyitibwa kimukyakubiri (1/2).
Kye kimu ekyandiibaddewo singa obadde olina emiyembe mukaaga (6) nga oyagala ogigabanyize kyenkanyi mu  ombi basatu (3). Buli omu aba afuna   ebitundu mukaaga bya kusatu ekitegeeza mukaaga ebigabizemu ssatu ekiwandiikibwa nga   6/3) buli omu ky’afuna.Ekika kya namba kino kye kiyitibwa omukutule (fraction) oba emikutule (fractions).
Namba eza Kigaanira(Odd numbers)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !! Namba za kigaanira (Odd numbers).Kigaanira kiggwayo, kigaaniremu. Bw'okisalira(clipping) n'osigaza "kigaanira"(odd).

Obutaba nga namba za kyegabanya, namba za kigaanira (odd numbers) bw'ozigabizaamu bbiri ofuna enfissi (remainder), ekiziyisa kigaaniremu(odd numbers).

 Enamba za kigaanira ziba zikomekkereza n’enfissi omuli endagamuwendo (digits) zino: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31…….Zino zonna namba za kyegabanya. 

Ebisonjozo bya namba eza kigaanira n’eza kyegabanya 

(a)Okugatta:

	Kigaanira  + KIgaanira  = Kyegabanya

	Kigaanira + Kyegabanya = Kigaanira

	Kyegabanya +Kyegabanya =Kyegabanya

(b)Okwawuza :

	Kigaanira - KIgaanira = Kyegabanya

	Kigaanira - Kyegabanya = Kigaanira

	Kyegabanya - kyegabanya = Kyegabanya

( c ) Okukubisaamu

	Kigaanira x kigaanira = Kigaanira

	KIgaanira x Kyegabanya =Kyegabanya 

	Kyegabanyax kyegabanya = Kyegabanya

(d) Okugabiza:

	Kigaanira gabiza kigaanira(Kigaanira / Kigaanira = Kigaanira

	Kyegaabanya gabiza kigaanira(Even / Odd) = Kyegabanya

	Kyegabanya gabiza kyegabanya (Even / Even) = Kyegabanya
Namba ez'Omugerageranyo(Rational NUmbers)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !!Namba Ezomugerageranyo (Rational Numbers)   nga 5/1, 1/2, 1.75, -97/3... 

Namba ez'omugerageranyo  (rational number) ye namba yonna eyinza okuwandiikibwa ng’ekitundu /omugerageranyo (ratio) gwa kibalirampuyibbiri ebbiri mu ngeri ey’okugerageranya. Kino kitegeeza nti namba enzijuvu eba ya kitundu  bwe tuba tuyinza okugiwandiika ng’enkutulemu (fraction) nga kinnawaggulu (numerator) ne kinnawansi (denominator) zombi kibalirampuyibbiri (integers). 

Mu mugereeso gwa namba, ekigambo “namba eyomugerageranyo” kiva mu kigambo " omugerageranyo" (ratio) kubanga namba eyomugerageranyo (rational numbers) ze zisobola okuwandiikibwa nga emigerageranyo(in the ratio form)  a/b, nga a ne b namba kibalirampuyibbiri(integers). 
kibalirampuyibbiri eba ya mugerageranyo (rational numba) kubanga eyinza okuwandiikibwa ng’enkutulemu bw’eti  n/1. Ekyokulabirako 1 = 1/1 , 2 = 2/1, 3=, 3/1 n’okweyongerayo. Kyokka namba nga 1/2, 1/3, ¼, 64444288/968463, ne -1/8 nazo za mugerageranyo  kubanga nkutulemu ezirina kinawaggulu ne kinnawansi nga kibalirampuyibbiri.

N’olwekyo omugereko (set) gwa namba ez'emigerageranyo (rational numbers) gwonna guba gwefaananyirizaako bwe guti:   (5/9, -7, 2.15, -103/13, n’endala.
Namba yonna eyinza okuwandiikibwa nga omukutule eyitibwa ya mugerageranyo(Rational Number). Kino kitegeeza singa x ne y ze namba kibalirampuyibbiri (integers), kitegeeza    x/y namba ya mugerageranyo. 

Eky’okulabirako: singa x ye 7 ate nga y ye 2, kitegeeza  x/y = 7/2 = 3.5 nga namba mugerageranyo. Embaranguza eno w’etakolera wokka nga y eri ziro kubanga okugabanya ne zeero tekirina nsonjola.

Manya: Mu  namba z’emigerageranyo : x/y : x ne y ziba namba za kibalirampuyibbiri,  naye y teyinza kuba zeero. N’olwekyo  kimu kya kibiri (½)  eba namba za mugerageranyo ne 2 nayo ya mugerageranyo  kubanga oyinza okugiwandiika nga 2/1. Okutwalira awamu namba z’emigerageranyo zirimu:

	Kibalirampuyibbiri zonna  zonna 

	Emikutule  gyonna 

Waliwo namba ezitali za migerageranyo  (numbers that are not rational number). Zino tuziyita namba ezitali  za mugerageranyo(Irrational).
Namba ezitali za mugerageranyo(Irrational numbers)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !!  Namba ezitali ntuduwavu (Irrational Numbers)   

Namba ezitali za mugerageranyou (Irrational numbers) ze namba eziyinza okuwandikibwa ng’emitonnyeze (decimals) naye zombi nga  mikutuleo (fractions). 

Omulandira gwa kyebiriga (square root) ogwa 2 si gwa mugerageranyo  kubanga tegusobola kuwandiikibwa nga kitundu (ratio) kya kibalirampuyibbiri  2. 

Mu butuufu waliwo namba endala nyingi ezitali za mugerageranyo. Emu ku zzo ye Pi (π).Namba endala ezitali za mugerageranyo  mulimu omulandira gwa kyebiriga ogwa 3, ogwa 5, pi ,ne  e,.; Pi = 3.14159... ate   E = 2.71828.... 

Paayi (Pi) eba namba etali ya mugerageranyo  kubanga tesobola kulagibwa nga kitundu oba nkutulemu (fraction) eya kibalirampuyibbiri  ebbiri; terina muwendo gwa mutonnyeze mugere( it has no exact decimal equivalent). Kino kye kimu n’omulandira gwa kyekubisa gwa 2 ogutasobola kuwandiikibwa nga mikutulo. 

Manya:

	Namba ezitali ezitali mugerageranyo za mugaso kubanga zetaagibwa:

	Okuzuula disitansi y’ebisittalo (diagonal distance) ebisaza mu kyebiriga.

	Okubalanguza emibalanguzo (calculations) egy’enjawulo egy’ebikulungirivu n’ebyebulungirivu (nga tukozesa   π).
Namba zennyini (Real numbers)

**Namba Zennyini** (*Real Numbers*) zirimu:

	Namba ezomugerageranyo  ne  
	Namba ezitali za mugerageranyo
	Mu namba zennyini x : x  eyinza okuba eyomugerageranyo  oba etali  ya mugerageranyo. 

Namba zennyini ye namba ze tutera okukozesa eza kiddamaaso(positive numbers) oba kiddannyuma(negative numbers), ennene oba entono, enzijuvu oba ez’emikutule oba ez’emitonnyeze  nga 1, 15.82, -0.1, 3/4, n’okweyongerayo…

Ziyitibwa namba zennyini kubanga si za muteeberezo (they are not Imaginary)
Namba ez'omuteeberezo(imaginery numbers)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !!  Namba Ez’omuteeberezo (Imaginary Numbers).

Eno ye namba yonna nga yebirigiddwa (when squared) ekivaamu kiba mu negatiivu.Singa webiriga namba yennyini yonna oba ofuna eya kiddamaaso(positive) oba zeero.Eky’okulabirako : 2×2=4, ne  (-2)×(-2) nakyo kivaamu =4.  

Kakati tuyinza tutya okwebiriga namba yonna ne tufuna kiddannyuma? Bwe tukuba ekifaananyi nti tuyinza, tuba tuyinza era kivaamu nti namba nga eyo erabika nga etasoboka, erina emigaso era yeyambisibwa okubaza obukunizo bwennyini.  

Namunigina ya namba ey'omuteeberezo ye  √(-1) (omurandira gwa kyebiriga ogwa kyawuza 1(minus one) era akabonero kayo ke   i,  oba  j.

 Namba z’omoteeberezo  nga yebirigiddwa (squared) etuwa ekivaamu nga kiri mu Kiddannyuma(negative).
Namba enzibuwavu(Complex numbers)

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !!Namba enzibuwavu (Complex Numbers)

Singa oteeka wamu namba zennyini ne namba ez’omuteeberezo(imaginaery ), ofuna   eyitibwa namba enzibuwavu (Complex Number). Eky’okulabirako:  
3 + 2i 
27.2 – 11.05i 

Namba enzibuwavu  ebaako ekitundu kya  namba yennyini n’ekya  namba ey’omuteeberezo "e" naye nga buli kitundu kiyinza okuba zeero.

N’olwekyo namba kennyini eyinza okuba namba enzibuwavu  n’ekitundu kyennyini ekya 0. 7i eba namba enzibuwavu  kubanga   yenkanankana  0 + 7i.

N’olwekyo namba enzibuwavu  ebaamu namba kennyini ne namba ey’omuteeberezo n’emigattiko gyazo gyonna.

 Eky’okulabirako:  laga omulandira gwa kyebiriga ogwa -9?

Eky’okuddamu: = √(9 × -1) = √(9) × √(-1) = 3 × √(-1) = 3i 

Kino si kikulu! Omurandira gwa kyebiriga ogwa -9 guba mulandira gwa kyebiriga ogwa +9 nga okubisizzaamu emirundi i.

Okutwalira awamu:
√(-x) = i√x

kasita tuba nga akanyukuta ka “i”  ako akatono tukataddewo okutujjukiza nti tukyetaaga okukubisaamu ne  √-1  tuba tusigala ku mulamwa.

Nga tweyambisa akanyukuta  i, era tusobola okutuuka ku  mulamwa omupya. 
Eky’okulabirako: Balanguza  x2 = -1

Singa tuba tukozesa namba kennyini tewali kye tusobola kukolawo, kyokk kati okubaako kye tukolawo. 

Ansa eri  x = √-1 = i
Okusengeka namba (Ordering numbers)

**Okusengeka namba** (*Ordering Numbers*)

Okuteeka namba mu nsengeka tandikira ku esembayo obutono okutuuka ku esingayo obunene. Kino kye kiyitibwa ensengeka elinnya; nga oli bw’alinnya olusozo.Eky’okulabirako: 

Teeka  15, 6, 7 and 9 mu nsengeka erinnya:

Ansa : 6, 7, 9, 15 	

Olumu oyinza okwagala namba zikole ekya kikontana nga zitandikira ku esinagyo obunenene okutuuka ku esembayo obutono; kino kiyitibwa nsengeka ekka; nga bwokka wansi w’olusozi.

 Ekyokulabirako ekirala :  Teeka  15, 6, 7 and 9 mu nsengeka ekka.
Ansa: 15, 9, 7, 6
St. Anthonys Secondary School Kayunga

## Ennyanjula

St Anthony's secondary school kayunga, somero lya siniya, nga lisangibwa mu disitulikiti ye ***'Masaka***'. Liri Ku luguudo oluva mu **'nyendo**' okudda e *Ssembabule*. Ze kilo metres nga bbiri okuva mu nyendo.

## Enfo ye'ssomeroo
Essomero lino liri mu ggombolola ye *Mukungwe* mu muluka gwe Kalagala era nga lisangibwa Ku kyalo Kayunga nga kino kye kiri Ku nsalo ya Masaka ne Kalungu.

## Omusingi gw'essomero
Essomero liri Ku musingi gwa kelezia katolika era nga lyatandikibwawo baminsani nga era omusaale mu kulitandikawo ye omungenzi Pere Wasswa Anthony ng'ono ye yawaayo ettaka okutudde essomero lino.

Wabula liyambibwako gavumenti ya Uganda era nga Lori mu nkola eya bonna basome eya siniya.

## Ekika ky'abayizi
Essomero erisomesa abayizi abobuwala ko n'abobulenzi era nga lirina amadaala gombiriri. Kwekugamba eddaala erya 'O' ate n'eddaala erya 'A'. Nga lisomesa amasomo gebya sayansi ate nago agebyemikono.

## Omuwendo gw'abayizi
Mu kiseera kino liwereza ddala abayii abali eyo mu lukumi. Era nga omukulu w'ssomero mu kiseera kino ye Omwami Byuma Lubega .omumyukawe ye Ssentongo James
 
Era nga akola n'basomesa abali eyo mu ataano.

       EMPITA Y'ABAYIZI
Omwaka oguwedde 2018 twafuna 1st grades 20 nd 2nd grades 46 ne 3rd 46 awamu ne 4th entonotono

## Ekiruubirirwa
Kino nno kituukiriza bulungi ekirooto kyessomero ekyokubeera nga yensibuko y'obugu mu byensoma.

Era essomero lino liruubirila okuba nga lisobola bulungi okufulumya omuntu azimbiddwa obulungi mu byensoma, emyeyo,ebitone,ate nobukugu mu mirimo gyemikono.
G
Nakongezakikolwa

__TOC__

Nakongezakikolwa kye kigambo ekyongera okunnyonnyola ku ekikolwa ekikolebwa/ekyongera amakulu ku kikolwa ekiri mu mboozi oba sentensi. Ekikolwa ekiri mu sentensi kisobola okwongera okunnyonnyolwa mu ngeri zino wammanga: 
# Engeri gye kikolebwamu
# Embeera gye kikoleddwamu
# Emirundi gye kikolebwa 
# Ekifo we kikolerwa n’engeri endala.
# Ekiseera mwe kikoleddwa

Mu ngeri ezo waggulu wamu n’endala ezitakooneddwako mwe muva ebika bya nnakongezakikolwa eby’enjawulo era nga mulimu bino wammanga:

### Nakongezalinnya Ez’ebiseera (Adverb of time)

Zino ziraga obudde oba ekiseera ekikolwa we kikoleddwa. Mu biseera eby’enjawulo omuyinza okukolerwamu ekikolwa mulimu bino wammanga:
* Kawungeezi 
* Ku makya
* Matumbi
* Ggulolimu
* Ttuntu 
* Nnazzikuno n’ebirala.

Okugeza: 
* Nnazzikuno omuwala okwejaajaamya nga tannafumbirwa kyabeeranga kivve.
* Omusajja yajja mu ttuntu. 
* Taata asambula kawungeezi.
* Twamuwulira ng’ayita eyo mu ttumbi.

### Nakongekikolwa Ez’empisa (Adverb of manner)

Zino ziraga engeri omuntu gye yeeyisaamu ng’akola ekikolwa.
Okugeza:
* Mpola 
* Kasoobo
* Lulembe
* Ssimbo 
* kyejo

Eby’okulabirako;
* omwana oyo alya mpola.
* Nalule atambuza ssimbo.
* Nassiwa emmere agiwaasa lulembe.
* Omuggalanda abeera n’ekyejo.

### Nakongezakikolwa Ez’ebifo (Adverb of place)

Zino ziraga wa ekikolwa we kikolerwa.
Okugeza:
* Waggulu 
* Wansi 
* Munda
* Wabweru 
* Wamberi 
* Nkoto n’ebirala.

Eby’okulabirako: 
* Omuyembe guwanike waggulu.
* Omwana agudde wansi
* Ebibbo bitwale munda.
* Amaliba gafulumye wabweru.

### Nakongezakikolwa Eziggumiza (Adverbs of degree)

Zino zibeera ziraga amaanyi, essira oba eddaala ekikolwa kwe kikolerwa. Okugeza: 
* Nnyo
* Nnyo nnyini 
* Nnyini
* Nnyo nnyini ddala.

Eby’okulabirako; 
* Bakutumidde nnyo.
* Akwagala nnyo nnyini.
* Tusiimye nnyo nnyini ddala.
Kyanamukaaka

## KYANAMUKAAKA
Kya ggombolola esangibwa mu Bukoto mu ssaza ly'e Masaka.
ggombolola eno esalaggana ne gombolola Kirumba erisangibwa mu Ssaza lya Rakai.
Era omugga Nabajjuzi gusibuka mu kyanamukaaka.
omugga guno gwatongozebwa mu ensi yonna nga ramsar olw'enjobe n'ebinyonyi ebisangibwamu.

## EMIRUKA
E ggombolola eno erimu emiruka ena era nga gye gino wammanga;
*Kamuzinda
*Zzimwe
*Kyantale
*Buyaga

## AMASOMERO N'EDDWALIRO
Agamu ku masomero agasangibwa mu ggombolola eno ge gano;
*Kkindu vocational primary and secondary school
*Molly and Paul kamuzinda primary and secondary school
*Corner stone kitiiti primary school
*St Charles Kyamula primary school

## EDDWALIRO
Kyanamukaaka healthy centre 111

## EMIRIMO EGIKOLEBWA MU GGOMBOLOLA ENO
*Okulima ennanansi
*okulima obutunda
*okulima emwanyi
*Okulima vanilla
*okuvuba
*okulunda

## eby'esigamiddwako
Ekigerageranyo (Rate)

Gakuweebwa Muwanga !! Ekigerageranyo (Rate)

Omulamwa gw “ekigerageranyo” guggwayo “ekibalo ekigerageranya namunigina bbiri ez’enjawulo”.
Kino mu bufunze kye kiba “ekigerageranyo”. 

Omulamwa gw’ekigerageranyo  gwawule ku mulamwa gwa "ekigeranyo" (quostient). Bwe twogera ku “Ekigeranyo ky’Obwakalimagezi” era “Ekikyitibwa Ekigeranyo ky’Obugezi” oba “Ekipimo ky’Obwakalimagezi” (EkkyO) tuba twogera ku “Intelligence Quostient” (IQ).

Ekigerageranyo guba mugerageranyo ogugerageranya ebika bya namba  bibiri ebirina namunigina ez’enjawulo  nga “kiromiita buli ssaawa” oba “siringi 6,000 buli kiro”.

“Ekigerageranyo ekya namunigina” (unit rate) kigerageranya obungi (quantity) ku bulinamunigina y’ekipimo (= per unit of measure). 

Namunigina y’ebisale (= unit price) kiba kigerageranyo ekigerageranya ebisale by’ekyettunzi ne namunigina y’ekipimo(unit of measure) ey’ekyettunzi kino.

Ekigerageranyo kya kiromiita oba mailo buli ssaawa kiwa obuwanvo (=obuwanvu bw’olugendo)  obutambuddwa buli namunigina  ya kiseera (per unit of time). Ebikunizo ebikozesa ekika ky’ekigerageranyo nga kino,  biyinza okubazibwa okuyita mu kweyambisa omugendaganyo (proportion), oba ekibalanguzo(formula).

Ekikunizo: Nga bagenda e Mumbasa  okuwummulako mu motoka, Kavuma ne Mukyala we batambula  kiromiita 700  ku kiromiita 70 buli ssaawa. Olugendo lwabatwalira kiseera ki.? Ekigerageranyo (rate)  kika kya mugerageranyo eky’omugaso ennyo ekikozesebwa mu bikunizo ebya bulijjo bingi ddala nga okugula ebintu mu maduuka n’obutale, okutambula, n’okumira eddagala. Mu butuufu buli kikolebwa  kibaamu ekyefaananyirizibwako ekigerageranyo. Buli lw’oyogera ku mailo buli ssaawa oba fuuti buli sikonda oba kiromiita buli dakiika oba sente buli kipimo  oba oli ku mulamwa gwa kigerageranyo (=ekibalo ekigerageranya namunigina bbiri ez’enjawulo).

N’okukuba kw’omutima gw’omuntu   buli dakiika  kiyitibwa kigerageranyo kya mutima ("heart rate). Bw’obuuza omunoonyi w’omulimu  ogw’okukuba amatafaali nti “ekigerageranyo kyo kiri kitya ", oba obuuza sente meka buli kiseera ekigere  z’ayagala okusasulwa 

Akagambo "buli" (per) ke kakulaga nti  eky’ogerwako kikwata ku kigerageranyo. Namunigina y’ebisale (Unit price) kiba kigerageranyo ekigerageranya omuwendo oba ebisale ku namunigina y’ekipimo (unit of measure) emu. Eky’okulabirako, singa  emikyungwa giba gitundibwa siringi 1,200 buli daziini. Namunigina y’ebisale eba 1,200 gabizaamu emikyungwa 12 n’ofuna siringi  kikumi buli mukyungwa. 

Ekigambo “buli” kiyinza okusikizibwa akabonero "/"  mu bukunizo , ekitegeeza siringi 100 buli mukyungwa kiyinza okuwandiikibwa ngasiringi 100/mukyungwa. Mu butuufu mu nsi ey’obusuubuzi, omuguzi n’omutunzi bombi betaaga okuba abannyonnyofu mu bigeraageranyo (rates) okusobola okulaba nga tewali afiirizibwa. 

Ebikunizo by’obulaamu obwa bulijjo bingi bibaamu ebigerageranyo bya emisinde, ebikozesa obuwanvu n’ebiseera. Era tuyinza okubalanguza ebikunizo bino nga tukozesa emigendaganyo(proportions) n’ebitondeko by’ekisalaganyo(cross products).
LWENGO ETTENDEKERO LYEBYEMIKONO

Ettendekero lino lisangibwa mu Disitulikiti ye Lwengo,kilomita ssatu{3}okuva mu kibuga Mbiriizi.
Lyatandikibwa mu mwaaka 2010.
Lyawebwa olukusa okuva mu kitongoole ekyebyenjigiriza mu masomo g'ebyemikono. Litwaala abawaala n'abalenzi.
Lisomesa amasomo gano wammanga;
*Okutunga
*Ebyamasannyalaze
*Obubazzi
*Ebyokufumba
*Ebyatekinologiya.
Abayizi abayise ebigezo bino bafuluma ne safutiketi ne dipuloma okukakasa ebyo byebaba bayize.
Tebakoma awo bafuna emirimu mu matendekero amalala nebongera okubangula banaabwe okuva mw'ebyo byebakugukamu nga eno bwebafuna ejjamba.
Bawala ba Maria, Bannabikira bwanda

## BAWALA BA MARIA, BANNABIKIRA BWANDA

## EBIBAKWATAKO
Bawala ba Maria, Bannabikira Bwanda kyekibiina kyenkola enkatooliki ekya banaddiini abakyala abakulembeze, bamemba bakyo abalayiira okwagala Katonda, abasisitta banabwe, ababulazza bonna abaali mubwetaavu mu nsi wona. Kino kyekibiina kyabakyala ekinnansi ekyasookawo okwetoolola mu maserengetta g'eddungu Sahara era kyatandikibwawo  nga 3 Omwezi Gwekuminebbiri mu mwaka 1910 mu bukumi bwa Bikira Maria. Kati kisasanidde mu Dioceses 16 mu East Africa, era mu Convent 75 zonna awamu. Kyasookera mu Busumba bwa Masaka, Villamaria, Bwanda.

## EKIRUBIRIRWA
Bannabikira Bwanda babullira enjiiri eri abantu bakatonda bonna mu Uganda. Okusomesa abaana katekisimu, Okusoma abato mu masomero agasookeramu n'agawaggulu, okuweereza n'okulabirira abalwadde mu malwariro, n'okubabuddabudda mu Mwoyo gw'obuzadde bwa Maama Bikiira Maria. 

## OBUMU
Okukiriza okubeerawo kwa Katonda mubulamu bwabwe bwonna nga Bikira Maria nyiina Yezu mu mbeera ze zonna, okuleeka Okwagala kwa Katonda mu buwulizze, obukakamu, obumanyirivu mu byembeera ne nkyukanyuka. 

## OBUVUMU
Yezu gwetwakiriza, mu ngeri nyingi yee Yezu aba mubwetavu. N'olyeko tube abatukilwako bulujjo eri abaali mu bwetaavu mu bukuggu, mukwano, eri abalwadde, abaana abato naddala abaali mu bulabirizi bwaffe, okukyalira abakadde mu byalo n'okuweeleza mu malwaliro. 

## OKWELEKEREZA
Mu kutuukiriza ebitusubirwamu, tuli bulindara era betegeefu okudukirira abaali mu bwetaavu, okumalawo ebizibu byabwe mu ngeri zonna ezisobooka okusinzira kubwetavu bwabwe.

## References
Akatale ke Rugombe

Akatale ke Rugombe Kasangibwa mu gombolola ye Bugaaki mu disiturict ye Kyenjojo ku lugudo ye fortportal mu kabuga k`erugombe.Akatale kano kaatandikibwawo balimi abaatundanga ebilime ebyenjawulo okugeza nga muwogo,obutunda,amatooke nebirime ebilala bingi.Muntandikwa kali mukabuga ke Kamayojwa nekajuruzibwa mukabuga ke Rugombe olwo bufunda bwekifo mu kamayojwa.mukasera kano akatale kano kagejja era katunda ebirime bingi ebyenjawulo.

## ABAKULEMBEZE BAKATALE KA RUGOMBE

*Mr.Mudaaki Arajabu
*Mr. Wamara Selegio
*Mr.Irumba Younger 
*Mr.Mugume Julius Abboki

## ENTEKATEKA ZAKATALE KA RUGOMBE EZO MUMAASO
# Okuteka  akatale kano mu kifo ekinene.
# okukazimba mukifo kino ekinene.
# okulonda abakulembeze abajja. 

## Akatale ke Rugombe
Ensonga z'Entondeka y'Ebikole (Factors of Production)

Gakuweebwa Muwanga !! 

 Ensonga  z’ebyenfuna (The Factors of Production):

Ensonga enkulu ezikwata ezetaagisa mu ntondeka y'ebikole(production) ziri:

•	Ettaka				(land)

•	Abakozi 	                (Labour)

•	Ebisigo			         (Capital)
Ensengeka edda waggulu

"Okusengeka ebintu nga odda waggulu" kitegeeza kusengeka bintu oba miwendo nga ova ku kisembayo obutono okweyongerayo ku kisingayo bunene nga:

0,1,2,3,4,5,6,9,....

Ensengeka edda waggulu(ascending order) era oyinza okukiyita "ensengeka erinnya "
Emisimba

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !! Laba Wikipidia "Emisingi gya Namba" !

Emisimba =Emisingi gya Namba 
(Number bases)

Namba zirina ensengeka mwe zisimbira(in which they are rooted).Ensengeka zino ze ziyitibwa “emisimba” .Omusimba kiggwayo:”omusingi gwa namba”. Emisimba (Emisingi gya namba) egya bulijjo girina amannya ag’enjawulo kyokka emisingi gya namba egisinga okukozesebwa mulimu:

(a)Omusingi gwa namba ogwa kumi(number base ten) .Guno gukozesebwa ennyo abantu mu bulamu obwa bulijjo

(b)Omusingi gwa namba ogwa bbiri   (number base two), 

(c)Omusingi ogwa kumi n’omukaaga (hexadecimal) n’omunakkumi.

 Omunabbiri n’omusingi ogwa kumi n’omukaaga gisinga kweyambisibwa mu sayansi wa kompyuta.

Omusingi gwa namba (omusimba) eba “nsengekera ya namba” (number system) esimbira mu digito ez’enjawulo.  Weetegereze:

	Emisingi gya namba=Omusimba(number bases)

	Omusingi gwa namba  ogwa bbiri=Omusimba ogwa bbiri(number base two)

	Omusingi gwa namba ogwa Satu=Omusimba ogwa Satu	(base three)

	Omusingi gwa namba ogwa nnya=Omusimba ogwa nnya	(base four)

	Omusingi gwa namba ogwa taano=Omusimba ogwa ttaano(base five)

	Omusingi gwa ogwa mukaaga=Omusimba ogwa mukaaga	(base six)

	Omusingi gwa namba ogwa musanvu=Omusimba ogwa Musanvu(base seven)

	Omusingi gwa namba ogwa munaana=Omusimba ogwa munaana(base eight)

	Omusingi gwa namba ogwa mwenda=Omusmba ogwa mwenda(base nine)

	Omusingi gwa namba ogwa kkumi=omusimba ogwa kumi(base ten)

Weetegereze :

 (i) Omusingi gwa namba ogwa bbiri gusimbira mu digito bbiri (0 ne 1), 

(ii) omusingi gwa namba ogwa satu  gusimbra mu digito satu (0,1, ne 2), 

(iii) omusingi gwa namba ogwa nnya gusimbira mu digito nnya (0,1,2 ne 3) ate 

(iv) omusingi gwa namba ogwa kumi gusimbira mu digito kumi (0.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8. ne 9).

Okiraba nti mu  bufunze “omusungi gwa namba”  gwe  “omusimba” .
Enjawuzo

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !! Enjawuzo (Range)

Omwawuzo oba Enjawuzo (range) eraga emiwendo engeri gye giriraaniganye mu mugereko gwa kalonda. Okuzuula enjawuzo, kola okwawuza wakati w’omuwendo ogusingayo n’ogusembayo mu omugereko gwa kalonda (in a set of data).  Yawula omuwendo ogusembayo okuva ku muwendo ogusingayo mu mugereko. Ka tulabe kino nga bwe kikola:

Zuula enjawuzo y’emyaka mu bazannyi b’omupiira ku kyalo Lyamutundwe, singa oba oweereddwa emyaka buli muzannyi gy’alina bwe giti 23, 48, 44, 20, 39, 34, 35, 25, 28, 32, ne 37

Si kikulu oba omugereko guno ogusenkeka buto nga wano oba nedda: 

48, 44, 39, 37, 35, 34, 32, 28, 25, 23, ne 20.

Enjawuzo ey’emyaka gy’abazannyi bano eba emyaka 48 – 20 = emyaka 28. 

Ekikunizo: Kati zuula enjawuzo y’omugereko gw’emyaka gy’abakadde bano abali ku kyalo 

Mbizzinnya: {82, 60, 72, 77, 81, 80, 61}.

Ekibazo: Zuula omuwendo ogusembayo (the smallest) n’ogusingayo (the largest) mu mugereko guno. Okutuuka ku njawuzo yawula omuwendo ogusingayo obunene n’ogusembayo obutono.  

Wano giba 82 ne 60. Enjawulo ya 82   ne  60 eri  82-60 = 22 .

 N’olwekyo enjawuzo eri emyaka 22.
Ensinga

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !!  Ensinga (Mode)

Mu lukalala lw’emiwendo, ensinga (mode) eba namba esinga okweyoleka .Singa namba bbiri ze zisinga okweyoleka, kitegeeza olina ensinga bbiri. Kino kiyitibwa nansingabbiri  (bimodal).

Ekikunizo : Zuula  ensinga ya namba zino : 85 ,  33, 67 ,  33,  81 ,   102 ,  33 34 . 

Mu nziringanya ya namba zino, okiraba nti 33 yeyoleka emirundi esatu .

	85 ,  33, 67 ,  33,  81 ,  102 ,  33 ,  34

N’olwekyo, ensinga, omuwendo oba ennamba esingayo okweyoleka eri 52.

N’olwekyo, ensinga y’omugereko gw’ennamba gwe guba omuwendo oba  ennamba esinga okweyoleka, ntegeeza esinga okulabika  emirundi emingi. 

Ekyokulabirako: Mu somero lya Team primary school, e Mpala, buli kibiina kirimu namba y’abaana bweti:  

40	45	46	37	45 	26	45 

Laga omuwendo ogw’ensinga .

Ekibazo: Bwe wekenneenya kalonda oyo waggulu okiraba nti ebibiina ebirimu abaana 45 be bisinga obungi. Ekitegeeza ensinga eri 45 :

40	45	46	37	45 	26	45 

Singa era wabaddewo ebibiina bisatu ebirina 26 , kalonda yandibadde nansingabbiri(bimodal)  nga 26  ne 45  zombi nsiga za  mugereko gwa miwendo gino:

40	45	26	26	45	26	45	37	50

Kyokka era kiba kisoboka okuba nga waliwo namba y’ebibiina ebirimu emiwendo ebyenkanankana .Ekibinja kino te kiba na nsinga kubanga tewali muwenda gwa baana mu kibiina gweyoreka mirungi mingi kusinga mulala .

30	30	33	33	36	36	37	37