Sayansi w'Ebyamalimiro

"Sayansi ow’Ebyamalimiro" (Agric-science).

Sayansi w'ebyamalimiro oba  agirisayansi (Agronomy)  ye sayansi ne tekinologia ow’okukuza n’okukozesa ebimela ng’emmere y’abantu, amafuta, emmere y’ensolo ,okunokoolayo ebitono .

Sayansi w'ebyamalimiro agattika amasomo ga sayansi ag’enjawulo nga Essomabiramu(Biology), Essomabuziba(Chemistry), ebyenfuna, entababutonde(Ecology), essomansi(geography, n'essomabuzaale(genetics). 

Bannabyamalimiro   era banoonyereza ne ku buwangaaliro(environment) n’engeri  "okwonoona obuwangaaliro" (environmental degradation) gye kukosaamu ebyobulimi n’obulunzi . Bakuguka mu masomo g'enkyusakyusa y'ebirime(crop rotation) , okufukirira ebirime, okumerusa ebimera.

Bannabyamailiro (Agronomists) era bekenneenya engeri ezitali za kyeyonoonere ez’okufuula ettaka ejjimu obulungi era erireeta amagoba. Wano basengeka ettaka ne baddamu ne balifulumya buto okulaba oba lirimu  enkyusabuziba(substance/chemical) ezetaagisa okukuza ebimera ,gamba nga ebipooli(compounds) bya  nayitilogyeni, fosifeeti ne potasiyaamu..

Singa bakizuula nti ettaka lye banoonyelezzaako teririimu bulungi nckyusabuziba zino ,olwo kiba kyetaagisa okulitekamu ebijimusa ebitondekewo(artificial). Sayansi w'ebyamalimiro  era alimu okunoonyereza entambula y’ebiriisa mu ttaka , obungi bw’ebiriisa bino obuyingizibwa emirandira , awamu n’enkula y’emilandira n’akakwate ke gilina ku ttaka. 

Bannabyamalimiro era bakulaakulanya engeri z’okukuuma ettaka n’okukendeeza "ekikuluggusattaka"(soil erosion) okuyita mu mbuyaga oba amazzi. Wano omuntu ayinza okukozesa entuumo ez'amakata aga  kalannami(contour ploughing) ,

Ebigoberero bya sayansi w’ebyamalimiro

(a)	Okuteekateeka enkozesa y’ettaka, abakozi, ebisigo (capital), ebintu ebikulu mu nsobozeso y’entondeka y’ebikole (factors of production).

(b)	Okulondobamu ebika by’ebirime (crop varieties) ebisobola okugumira embeera y’obudde mu kitundu (agro-climate), ettaka eriteekekwateekebwa okulimirwako, obujimu bw’ettaka eryo, ekiseera ky’omwaka (season) n’engeri eyetaagisa okulima ekirime.

(c)	Enteekateeka y’ekisambu (field management). Muno mulimu okutema amavuunike n’okukabala (tillage) okuteekateeka emikutu gy’amazzi mu nnimiro, okufukurira owamu n’okuziyizaamu ekikuluggusa ttaka (soil erosion) omuli okusimba mu nnyiriri ng’obusaamu (inter-cropping).

(d)	Ennima y’ebirime ey’enjawulo (multiple cropping) omuli okusimba ng’ogattika (mixed cropping) oba ng’obusaamu (inter-cropping)

(e)	Okukozesa ebiriikiriza ettaka mu kiseera ate mu ngeri ey’ekibalo n’okukula ennongoosereza mu bugimu bw’ettaka ng’okozesa nakavundira.

(f)	Okukozesa ensigo ez’omutindo.

(g)	Enkozesa y’amazi ey’ekibalo okusobola okukuuma obunnyogovu n’obubisi mu ttaka (soil moisture).

(h)	Okukugira omuddo mu nimiro awamu n’okukugira ebiwuka ebireeta endwadde mu nnimiro.

(i)	Okwegendereza obutayonono bikungulwa mu  kukungula.

(j)	Okweyambisa tekinologiya eyeyambisibwa oluvannyuma lw’okukubngula (post harvest technologies).

“Sayansi w’ebyamalimiro” (Agronomy) ye sayansi ne tekinologia ow’okukuza n’okukozesa ebimera ng’emmere y’abantu, amafuta, emmere y’ensolo, okunokoolayo emigaso emitono egy’ebimera. Sayansi w’ebyamalimiro agattika amasomo ga sayansi ag’enjawulo nga essomabilamu, essomabuzimbe, ebyenfuna, embeera y’ebiramu mu butonde (ecology), Sayansi z’enkulungo y’Ensi ne “essomabusirigiinya” (genetics). 

Bannasayansi w’ebyamalimiro (agriscientists)   era banoonyereza ne ku mbeera y’ensi n’engeri gyekosaamu ebyobulimi n’obulunzi ng’etaataganyiziddwa. Bakuguka mu masomo nga enkyusaganya y’ebirime (crop rotation), okufukirira ebirime, okumerusa ebimera, okunokoolayo agamu. “Bannasayansi w’ebyamalimiro” (Agronomists) benyigira mu bintu bingi omuli entondeka y’emmere (food production), entondeka y’emere erimu ebiriisa ebirungi, okuteekateeka ennima ekuuma obutonde bw’ensi, n’okutondeka amasoboza okuva mu bimera. 

Bannagirisayansi batera okukuguga mu bintu nga :

(i)	Enkyusaganya y’ebirime (Crop rotation), 

(ii)	Enfukirira y’ebirime n’enkulukusa y’amazzi (Irrigation and drainage), 

(iii)	Enzaalisa y’ ebimera (Plant breeding),

(iv)	 Endabika y’ebimera (Plant physiology), 

(v)	Okwawula mu ttaka ebika eby’enjawulo (Soil classification)

(vi)	Obujimu bw’ettaka (Soil fertility),
 
(vii)	Engeri ey’okukugiramu omuddo (Weed control)

(viii)	Ebiwuka (Insects) 

(ix)	Enkugira y’ebiwuka ebireeta obulwadde (Pest control).

Bannasayansi w’ebyamalimiro (Agronomists) era bekenneenya engeri ezitali za kyeyonoonere (sustainable ways) ez’okufuula ettaka ejjimu obulungi era erireeta amagoba. Wano basengeka ettaka ne baddamu ne balifulumya buto okulaba oba lirimu ebiriisa ebyetaagisa okukuza ebimera, gamba nga ebipooli (compunds) bya nayitologyenifosifeeti ne potasiyaamu.

Singa bakizuula nti ettaka lye banoonyerezzaako teliriimu bulungi sebusitansi zino, olwo kiba kyetaagisa okulitekamu ebijimusa ebitondekewo (artificial). Sayansi we’byamalimiro (sayansi w’ettaka) era alimu okunoonyereza entambula y’ebiriisa mu ttaka, obungi bw’ebiriisa bino obuyingizibwa emirandira, awamu n’enkula y’emirandira n’akakwate ke girina ku ttaka. Bannagirisayansi era bakulaakulanya engeri z’okukuuma ettaka n’okukendeeza kikuluggusa ttaka (erosion) okuyita mu mbuyaga oba amazzi. Wano omuntu ayinza okukozesa okulima okw’ebikata ebya kalannami (countour ploughing).