Grace Ibingira

**Grace Stuart Katebariirwe Ibingira** (23 Meeyi 1932 – Decemba 1995)  yali munnamateeka  Munnayuganda era munnabyabufuzi.

## Early life
Grace Ibingira  yazaalibwa 23 Meeyi 1932 mu Ssaaza ly'e Ibanda , mu disitulikiti y'e Ankole , Uganda Protectorate. Kitaawe , Alfred Katebarirwe, yali wa  Gombolola . okuva  1942 okutuusa  1950  yasomera  ku Mbarara High School.  Omwaka gwaddako yagenda mu King's College Budo.  Yatikkirwa mu 1953 ne satifiketi ya Cambridge School eya gulaadi 1 . Oluvannyuma  yasoma amateeka natikkirwa mu  1958 *magna cum laude mu*  University College Wales, Aberystwyth. Ibingira  yamaliriza  emisomo gye mu  1959 n'omwaka  gumu ogw'okukola ng'amaze okutikkirwa  ku  University of London. Aba  Middle Temple  bamuyita mu kaguli ng'omu ku bawolereza ba kkooti enkulu eya Bungereza , . Omwaka gwe gumu ogwo yakomawo mu  Kampala nakola nga munnamateeka mu kkooti ya Uganda enkulu .

## Eby'obufuzi bye

### Ayingira eby'obufuzi
Mu  1960 Ibingira y'omu ku baatandikawo ekibiina ki Uganda People's Congress (UPC) ne  Milton Obote ne Abu Mayanja. OboteObote yafuuka omukulembeze w'ekibiina  ate  Ibingira ye naafuuka omuwabuzi w'ekibiina . Obuwagizibwe mu by'obufuzi bwava mu bifo 4 :UPC masiini y'eby'obufuzi  mu Ankole, bannabyabufuzi okuva mu munisipaali ne disitulikiti z'omumambuka  abatiisibwatisibwa enkola za Obote mu bantu abasomi ababuyabuya abasanga enkola za Obote nga ezitali nungamu ne Edward Mutesa,  Kabaka (king) wa Buganda.

Ibingira yalondebwa palamenti   mu 1960 mu Ankole Eishengyero (olukiiko lwa disitulikiti ).  Democratic Party (DP)  yawangula  akalulu ka Uganda akaasookera ddala okuba akeerufu mu  1961,  n'ekola gavumenti . Bannakibiina ba  UPC n'abaganda baali tebaagala musingi gwa bukatoliki obwa  DP, naye beewakanyanga ku buli omu kyeyali ateese . Ng'oggyeeko  ebyo , Ibingira  yaweebwa obuvunaanyizibwa okukwatagana n'abaganda okukola omukago .  UPC yamulonda lw'ekyokyo kye  yali kubanga yali amanyidde   Mutesa. Oluvannyuma  lw'okwenyigiramu enfunda eziwera ,  UPC n'abakulembeze ba Baganda era oluvannyuma endagaano yatuukibwako.  Mu bwangu Abaganda batondawo  Kabaka Yekka (KY), ekibiina ky'obufuzi eky'ennono  ekyayingira omukago ne UPC. nga kigobererra obuwanguzi bwa  UPC mu kulonda kwa bonna mu  Apuli 1962, Obote  yasoomozebwa okukola gavumenti . Yalonda  Ibingira  okuweereza nga minista w'obwenkanya . Ibingira  era yazannya kinene okusalawo ku nfaanana ya bendera ya  Uganda, ng'atuuza olukiiko oluvunaanyizibwa kukuteesa emisono nga ateesa omutindo gw'esigamizibwe  okuva ku bendera ya Bugirimaani ey'obugwa  njuba . Uganda yafuna ameefuga gaayo nga   9 Octoba 1962.

### Olutalo lwe ne  Obote

Ibingira  yawuliranga  Obote tagwaniidde kubeera Ssaabaminisita  wa Uganda olw'ensonga nti yali teyasoma kimala  era yakkiriza nti ekifo kyali kyamuweebwa lwakuba nti yali avumirira nnyo obufuzi bwa amatwale . Mu 1964 Ibingira  yatandika kaweefube w'okwezza  amanyi g'ekibiina ki UPC n'ekigendererwa eky'okujjako Obote obukulembeze bw'ekibiina . Ku kabaga k'ekibiina mu Apuli , yasoomoza John Kakonge okubeera ssabawandiisi w'ekibiina ki UPC.  Yakakasa Obote nti Kakonge ayagala kweddiza buyinzabwe. N'obuwagizi bwa Obote , Ibingira  yawangula Kakonge n'obululu 2 . Yakozesa ekifo kye ekipya, okusobola okujjawo abakkiririza mu Obote abawera Era nakkiriza okujjawo tiimu y'omupiira ey'abavubuka ba UPC.

Ebyo nga biri awo, Muteesa yali atiddemu nti UPC yandiremesa Obwakabakabwe okwefuga. Yafundikira  agamba nti , okusobola okusigaza obuyinza alina okufuna amanyi mu by'obufuzi by'eggwanga . Mutesa yakunga Abanganda okwegatta ku UPC  n'ekigendererwa okunyweza ekifo kya   Ibingira okujjako Obote, ekyavaamu kwekutandiika omukago gwa UPC-KY  ogwagumya Abaganda . Nga okukola kwe ne Mutesa kweyongedde, Ibingira yagatta abantu abava ebukiika ddyo abatali Baganda  nebaba "Bantu Group". Mu Decemba 1964  yalambulanga ku nte ze mu  Ankole mu  kasirise ,  yagenda mu Amerika okukuunganya ensimbi okukomya enkola ya gavumenti okweddiza ebintu by'eggwanga byonna .Bwe yadda, yakozesa ssente ze yali afunye  okwongera ku bantu abamu kkiririzaamu Omwaka ogwaddako Ibingira  yakola omulimu gwa ttendo  mu kuyisa etteeka ku poliisi ng'ayita mu palamenti eryakkirizanga poliisi okuyimiriza olukiiko lw'olukale lyonna .  Ebiseera ebyo kyali kirabwa naayonka nti UPC yalimu ekiwayi ekyali kikulemberwa Ibingira n'ekyali kikulemberwa Obote .  Ibingira  buli lweyagezangako okutuuza olukiiko lwa UPC lwonna nga ssabawandiisi w'ekibiina  , poliisi nga erukomya. 

Mu ntandiikwa ya, 1966  omukozi wa bbanka yafulumya ensasanya y'ensimbi eya  Idi Amin,  omujaasi mu magye ga Uganda eyali ow'okulusegere nnyo ne Ssaabaminisita  Obote. Ekiwandiiko kyali kyoleka Amin  nti  akukusa zaabu mu bumenyi bw'amateeka   okuliraana ensalosalo za  Democratic Republic of the Congo .  Omulamwa ogwakubaganyizibwako ebirowoozo mu palamenti era Amin navunaanibwa  okulya enguzi ne Obote okuba mu kkobaane lino . . UPC  yasalawo okukiwakana .Wabula , nga 4 Febwali , Obote bweayali avuddeko mu Kampala, ekibuga ekikulu , Ibingira yamatiza olukiiko lwa palamenti okutwala mu maaso okwemulugunya okwo . Obote bweyadda  oluvannyuma lw'ennaku 11  ,  yali tasobola kumatiza baminisita be kukomya kunoonyereza ku nsonga eyo . Olukiiko lwagezaako okutuula  nga  22 February okusaba olukusa lw'okwebuuza ku nsonga eno,  naye Obote yagattamu poliisi ekyankalanye olukiiko luno  era Ibingira ne baminisita abalala bana ne basibibwa  .  Baatwalibwa e Karamoja nga amateeka g'abafuzi bamatwale bwegaali  nga gakkiriza okusiba wamu n'okujja abantu abeesittazza mu bantu baabulijjo . Ibingira  ne baminisita baasaba kkooti  ekiwandiiko kya  *[[:en:Habeas_corpus|habeas corpus]]*.  Omulamuzi wa kkooti ya Uganda enkulu  balaba okusibwa kwabwe kuli mu mateeka era naagana okukkiriza okusaba kwabwe  wabula East African Court of Appeal  yawa ensala nti  nti etteeka lyatyoboola  eddembe mu ssemateeka wa bannayuganda  eryokwetaaya nalagira ekiwandiiko kyabwe okusimbibwa mu maaso g'omulamuzi mu kkooti . Ibingira ne banne  mu bunnambiro baddamu okusibibwa  wabweru wa kkooti mu Buganda  mu tteeka erya kagwirawo  era gavumenti neeyisa etteeka  eryokubatikka okubazza mu ngeri y'okubikkirira ebikolwa byabwe.  Ibingira  ne baminisita abalala baggulawo omusango omupya , nate mu kuwulirwa kkooti  yakakasa obutuufu bw'etteeka eppya .

### Oluvannyuma lwa Obote
Nga  25 Ogusooka  1971 Amin yawamba gavumenti ya Obote n'amugyako obuyinza  . Yata Ibingira n'ebannabyabufuzi abaali baasibwa  namufuula omukiise wa Uganda era akiikirira Uganda mu   Mawanga amagatte . Ibingira oluvannyuma yagenda mu  buwanganguuse . Olulumba lwa Tanzania   bwelwatiisa ekisanja ekyaliko  ,yalinnyisa   Yusuf Lule  nga eyali asobola okuddira  Amin mu bigere  Ibingira  yakiika mu lukungaana lwa  Moshi mu gwookusatu 1979 Abannayuganda abawangangusibwa bwe balonda  Lule  okuddira  Amin  mu bigere singa  abawakuggibwa mu ofiisi lwa mpaka . Lule  yalonda  Ibingira Minisita w'amawulire  nga 7 Juni  1979. Okugattibwa ku  lukiiko luno kyanyiiza bangi  naddala akakiiko akeebuzibwako Nga  19 Juni Lule yajjawo Ibingira  mu kifo kye yali amuwadde ate namufuula omukiise wa Uganda mu   mukago gwa mawanga amagatte .

Mu  1980 Ibingira yafulumya akatabo , akatuumiddwa , *African Upheavals since Independence*. Yafa mu Decemba  1995.

## Ebijjuliziddwamu

## Ebijjuliziddwamu