Ekibira ky'e Budongo

**Ekibira kya Budongo** mu Uganda kiri mu Bukiikkono bw'Obuggwanjuba bw'ekibuga ekikulu Kampala ng'oyolekera ekkunganyizo ly'ebisolo erya Murchison Falls National Park era kisangibwa mu Bukiikakkono bw'Obuvanjuba bw'ennyanja Albert. Kyekulungulira mu bitundu bye Hoima ne Kikuube. Kimanyikiddwa olw'okubaamu emiti gy'emivule  egya East African mahogany era n'okubeera amaka g'ebizike bi Kimpanze. Omuti gw'omuvule ogusiinga obunene gukyaliyo mu kibira  kino nga gulina obuwanvu bwa mitta 80 n'obugazi bwa mita 20 mu bw'etoloovu. Ekibira kino kiri ku Yiika 82,530 era kikungaanya n'amazzi g'ennyanja Albert.Kikwasaganyizibwa ekitongole ky'ebibira ekya National Forestry Authority (NFA) . 

## Enteekateeka y'akyon'engeri gy'ekikuumibwamu
Ekitundu kino kiri mu bipimo bya 1° 37 N - 2° 03 N ne 31° 22 - 31° 46 E, is 435&nbsp;km² era kirimu kalenge, kirimu kiragala omutonotono, n'ekyelelezi. Kitundu ku kaserengeto k'ekiwonvu kya East African Rift. Ensulo nnya omuli, Waisoke, Sonso, Kamirambwa ne Siba, ziwagaanyiza mu kibira kino era n'eziyiwa mu nnyanja Albert. Enkuba etonnya mu kifo kino okumala omwaka eri wakati wa 1200 ne 2200&nbsp;mm, mu biseera by'enkuba okuva mu Gwokusatu - Gwokutaano era n'eddamu mu Gwomwenda - Ogwekkuminogumu, ebiseera by'ekyeya biri mu Gwekkuminebiri - Ogwokubiri.

Ky'eyawulamu ebitundu mukaaga omuli Siba, Waibira, Busaju, Kaniyo-Pabidi, Biiso ne Nyakafunjo.

Ekibuga ekiriraanye wo ky'e Masindi, era ettaka ly'ekibira erisinga ly'ebuluguddwako ebimera, amayumba g'abantu, ebyalo ebileetawo obunkenke ku nsalosalo z'ekibira ekiviirako okusaanyawo emiti olw'ebizimbisibwa n'abatemula ebisolo by'omunsiko, emitego egiteekebwawo abayizzi okusalako ebitundu by'emibiri gy'amazike ga Kimpamze n'ebisolo ebirala. Emivule egyasigalamu nagyo gitemebwa abatemi b'embaawo.

Egimu ku mirimu egikolebwa mu kibira kino mulimu; okwokya amanda, okutema emiti, okuyigga, okusima eby'obugga eby'omuttaka, eby'obulimi ebitagumikirika nga okulima omukyere. Ebitundu by'ekibira ebimu by'atemebwa okusiimbamu ebikajjo n'etaaba.

Kikwasaganyizibwa ab'ekitongoole ky'ebibira ekya National Forestry Authority (NFA)  era kisaasanyiza ensigo z'emiti eri abalwanirizi b'ebyobutonde okugisimba.

Mu 2021, ekitongole kya UNCHR ky'akwatagana n'ekitongole kya NFA okuddamu okusiimba emiti era Yiika 50 ez'ekibira kya Budongo z'addizibwawo .

## Ebisolo by'omunsiko
Ebyakungaanyizibwa okuva mu Budongo, ebinyonyi eby'ebika eby'enjawulo bisoba mu 360 (omuli Nahan's Partridge Ptilopachus nahani), ebimera nga Senna spectabilis (white barked senna) tree, ebitonde eby'ewalulira mu mazzi ne ku ttaka 20, ebiwojjolo 292, 130 moths, emiti 465, n'ebisolo ebiyonsa 24 (nga 9 mulimu: embogo, enjovu z'omunsiko, engabi, embwa z'omunsiko)  . Kimpanze 600 z'eziri mu kibira. Olw'okuba n'amazzi n'ekiragala, Budongo ekkiriza emiti egy'enjawulo okukulamu, emivule egitatemebwa nga kaakano giri ku buwanvu bwa mita 60. Olukalala lw'ebinyonyi mulimu 60 ebya west or central African bird species okuva mu East Africa. Ebinyonyi ebimanyikiddwa nga Yellow-footed flycatcher, tebitera kubeera mu miti egisalibwamu embaawo, era tebirabibwangako mu Uganda, songa Ituri batis, lemon-bellied crombec, white-thighed hornbill, black-eared ground thrush and chestnut-capped flycatcher are known from only one other East African forest.

Okulondoola amazike ga Kimpanze gwafuuka mulimu eri abalwanirira obutonde bw'ensi, wamu n'okwasa era n'olungamya abalambuzi ku nneyisa y'abwe mu kibira kino n'ekigendererwa eky'okwewala okutaataganya ebisolo ebirala n'ekibira. Emakubo g'atemebwa okwetoloola ekibira, n'ekigendererwa eky'okwanguyiriza abakozi mu by'okunoonyereza era okutuusa n'akaakano g'egakozesebwa ebisolo by'omukibira n'abayizzi.

## Okunoonyereza ku bisolo by'omunsiko
Vernon Reynolds yasooka okusoma ku mazike ga Kimpanze mu kibira kino mu 1962 era yatandikawo ekifo ekikwasaganya ekibira kino ekya Budongo Conservation Field Station. Yawandika akatabo akakwata ku kibira kino n'amazike mu 1965. Reynolds yali omu ku basatu abaaklira okunoonyereza ng'abalala baali Jane Goodall ne Adriaan Kortlandt. Mu biseera bya 1970 ne 1980 olutalo lw'omunda lw'abalukawo mu Ggwanga nga kwawelekerwa okumenya amateeka. Maama Kimpanze z'attibwa era n'omwana gw'abyo gw'atwalibwa okuva mu kibira n'ebikukusibwa okutwalibwa mu mawanga g'ebulaaya ag'enjawulo omuli Asia, Europe ne America. Reynolds yakomawo mu Uganda mu 1990 okwongera okumanya oba omuwendo gw'amazike oba gukyawera mu kibira kya Budongo. Mu 1995 amakumi ataano g'azuulibwa era enamba eyo yasigala y'emu okutuusa mu 2000 omuwendo lw'egwatandika okulinnya oluvanyuma lw'okuyingiza Kimpanze endala okuva mu bitundu ebirala.

Ttiimu ey'ali ekulira okunoonyereza, y'addabiriza ebizimbe eby'ali by'azimbibwa aba Budongo Sawmills Ltd. Mu 2005 pulojekiti yavujjirirwa aba RZSS ku kkumiro ly'ebisolo erya Edinburgh Zoo, saako n'ensonda ez'enjawulo. Pulojekiti ya Budongo Forest yafuuka ekitongole ky'obwannakyewa mu Uganda era n'etuumibwa Budongo Conservation Field Station.

Richard Byrne, Cat Hobaiter n'ebanne bateekebwa ku sitesoni y'abanoonyereza okwongera okusoma ku ngeri amazike ga Kimpanze gy'egoreramu mu kyasa eky'abiri mu ekimu.

## Laba n'abino

* Central Forest Reserves of Uganda
* Mabira Forest
* Wambabya Central Forest Reserve

## Ebijuliziddwamu