Poësis

[thumb|upright=1.5|*[Parnassus (pictura)|Parnassus,* pictura Raphaeli (1511). Poetae clarissimi iuxta novem Musas in summo Parnasso poemata recitant.]]
[thumb|Poeta iuvenis ab Apolline et Musa inspiratus: *[Inspiratio poetae*, tabula a Nicolao Poussin anno 1630 picta.]]
**Poësis** (Graece  'factura, opus [praecipue carminis]'), seu **poëtica** vel **poëtice** (ποιητική), est litterarum genus, quod aestheticis rhythmicisque linguae proprietatibus utitur, inter quas phonaesthetica, symbolismus sonorum, et metrum, ad evocandas significationes quae amplificent vel in loco significationis ieiuni apertique substituantur. Opera poëtica **carmina** vel **poëmata** generatim appellantur, sed permulta genera poesis inveni possunt.

Poesi est historia longinqua, ex aevo *Carminum de Gilgamo* Sumerianorum. Prima poemata e carminibus vulgaribus derivata sunt, sicut *Shijing* Sinicum, vel e necessitate poematum epicorum narrandorum, inter quae *Vedi* Sanscritici, *Gathae* Zoroastrae, atque *Ilias* et *Odyssea,* epica Homeriana. Antiquae poesis definitiones, ut in *Arte poetica* Aristotelis reperiantur, usum communicationis oralis in arte rhetorica, dramate, cantu, comoediaque tractare solebant. Disputationes posteriores repetitionem, versificationem, similem sonitum extremorum verborum (homoeoteleuton), similesque proprietates attingebant, aestheticas quae poesin a generibus scripturae prosaicis informativisque externis de realitate distinguant investigantes.

Aevo antiquo in cultura Mediterranea poëtarum patronae Musae Camenaeque esse dicebantur. Iam ante litteras poëmata nata sunt, ut verba historiae populi fabulae memorentur. Omnia fere poëmata antiqua sunt epica, quae fabulas, deos, bella, populosque narrant.

## Genera poëseos
* Poësis cantata, quae instrumenta musica adsectantur
** Poësis elegiaca, quae tibiam adsectatur
** Poësis lyrica, quae lyram adsectatur
** Poësis moderna, sicut hodierni cantici verba
** Poesis activa, quae auctor ispe auditoribus per perfunctionem composita
* Poësis confessionalis
* Poësis didactica, quae docet aut docere vult
* Poësis dramatica, sicut comoedia tragoediaque
* Poësis epica, quae fabulas deorum, virtutis, bellorum narrat
* Poësis figurata (seu carmina figurata), quae imagines artis aspectabilis compositas ex litteris et verbis format
* Poësis gnomica
* Poësis mystica, sicut preces et psalmi

## Sententiae nonnullae de poësi  
*"Aut prodesse volunt aut delectare poetae" (*Ars poetica*, v.333)
*"Aut insanit homo aut facit versus" (Horatius, *Sermones*, 2,7,117)
*"Disiecti membra poetae" (Horatius, *Sermones*, 1,4,62)
*"Facit indigantio versus" (Iuvenalis, I, 79)
*"Genus irritabile vatum", (Horatius, Epistulae, 2, 2,102)
*"In medias res"
*"Invita Minerva" (Horatius, *Ars poetica*, v.385)
*"Labor limae" (Horatius, *Ars poetica*, v.290)
*"Lucidus ordo" (Horatius, *Ars poetica*, v.41)
*"Mutato nomine de te / fabula narratur" (Horatius, *Sermones*, I, 1, 69)
*"Nam miranda canunt sed non credenda poetae" (Cato, 3,18)
*"Non omnis moriar" (Horatius, *Carmina*, III,30)
*"Omne tulit punctum qui miscuit utile dulci" (Horatius, *Ars poetica*, v.343)
* "Paulo maiora canamus" (Vergilius, Bucolica, IV,1)
*"Poetica licentia"
*"Poetis mentiri licet" (Plinius Minor, *Epistulae*, 6,21,6)
* "Saepe stilum vertas" (Horatius, *Sermones*, 1,10,72)
*"Scribimus indocti doctique" (Horatius, *Epistulae*, 2, 1, 117)
*"Ut pictura poesis" (Horatius, *Ars poetica*, v.361)

*Accentus (poesis)
*Anthologia
*Ars poëtica
*Calliope, Euterpe, Erato
*Creativitas
*Chrestomathia
*Dies mundialis poësis
*Drama
*Elegia
*Epigramma
*Mythos (Aristoteles)
*Topothesia
*Versus
*Versus liber

## Notae
## Bibliographia latina
* Aristoteles, *De arte poetica* (versio latina) https://books.google.fr/books?id=TivgAAAAMAAJ&hl=fr&pg=PA457#v=onepage&q=poetica&f=false
* (Dionysus) Longinus, *De sublimitate* (versio latina, Iacobo Tollio interprete, Traiecti ad Rhenum, 1694), https://books.google.fr/books?id=TivgAAAAMAAJ&hl=fr&pg=PA457#v=onepage&q=poetica&f=false
* Quintus Horatius Flaccus, *Epistula ad Pisones* sive *Ars Poetica*, https://archive.org/details/delphinclassics59valp/page/1270/mode/2up
* Franciscus Robortellus, *In librum Aristotelis de arte Poëtica explicationes*, Basileae, Per Ioannem Hervagium iuniorem, 1555. https://books.google.fr/books?id=MqdCAAAAcAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=%22in%20librum%20aristotelis%20de%20arte%22&hl=fr&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q=%22in%20librum%20aristotelis%20de%20arte%22&f=false
* Iulius Caesar Scaliger, *Poetices libri septem*, editio quinta, In bibliopolio Commeliano, 1617 https://books.google.fr/books?id=Zb2f1EgURD4C&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=%22poetices%20libri%22&hl=fr&pg=PP5#v=onepage&q=%22poetices%20libri%22&f=false

## Bibliographia
*Adams, Stephen J. 1997. *Poetic designs: an introduction to meters, verse forms and figures of speech.* Broadview. ISBN 9781551111292.
*Ardizzoni, A. 1962. Intorno a due definizioni antiche di ποίημα e di ποίησις. *Rivista di filologia e di istruzione classica* 40: 225–237.
*Aristoteles. *Poetica.*
*Asensi Pérez, Manuel. 1998. *Historia de la teoría de la literatura (desde los inicios hasta el siglo XIX.* Valentiae: Tirant Lo Blanch. ISBN 9788480027120.
*Brooks, Cleanth. 1947. *The Well Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry.* Harcourt Brace & Company.
*Cabo Aseguinolaza, Fernando, et María do Cebreiro Rábade Vilar. 2004. A poesía. In *Elementos de crítica literaria,* ed. Arturo Casas, 295-339. Vigo: Xerais. ISBN 9788497822534
*Cohen, Jean. 1984. *Estructura del Lenguaje Poético.* Matriti: Editorial Gredos. ISBN 842490395X.
*Corn, Alfred. 1997. ''The Poem's Heartbeat: A Manual of Prosody.* Storyline Press. ISBN 1885266405.
*Finch, Annie. 2011. *A Poet's Ear: A Handbook of Meter and Form.* University of Michigan Press. ISBN 9780472050666.
*Fry, Stephen. 2007. *The Ode Less Travelled: Unlocking the Poet Within.* Arrow Books. ISBN 9780099509349.
*Fussell, Paul. 1965. *Poetic Meter and Poetic Form.* Novi Eboraci: Random House.
*Gentili, Bruno. 1996. *Poesía y público en la Grecia antigua.* Barcinonae: Quaderns Crema. ISBN 8477690707.
*Gottsched, Johann Christoph. 1730. *Versuch einer kritischen Dichtkunst für die Deutschen.* Lipsiae.
*Hollander, John. 1981. *Rhyme's Reason.* Portu Novo: Yale University Press. ISBN 0300027400.
*Horatius. *De arte poetica.*
*Morhof, Daniel Georg. 1682. *Unterricht von der deutschen Sprache und Poesie.* Kieliae.
*Paz, Octavio. *El arco y la lira.* México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
*Pinsky, Robert. 1998. *The Sounds of Poetry.* Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 0374266956.
*Pound, Ezra. 2010. *A B C of reading.* Introductio Michael Dirda. Novi Eboraci: New Directions Pub. Corp. ISBN 9780811218931, ISBN 0811218937.
*Preminger, Alex, Terry V. F. Brogan, et Frank J. Warnke, eds. 1993. *The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics.* Ed. 3a. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691021236.
*Rosenberg, Rainer. 1990. Eine verworrene Geschichte. Vorüberlegungen zu einer Biographie des Literaturbegriffs. *Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik* 77: 36–65.

## Anthologiae
*Armstrong, Isobel, Joseph Bristow, et Cath Sharrock. 1996. *Nineteenth-Century Women Poets: An Oxford Anthology.*
*Brasillach, Robertus, 1950 *Anthologie de la poésie grecque*, Lutetiae: Stock.  
*Ferguson, Margaret, Mary Jo Salter, et Jon Stallworthy, eds. 1996. *The Norton Anthology of Poetry.* Ed. 4a. Novi Eboraci: W. W. Norton & Co. ISBN 0393968200.
*Gardner, Helen, ed. 1972. *New Oxford Book of English Verse 1250–1950.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198121369.
* Gouast Renatus, 1947, Anthologie de la poésie latine des origines au moyen-âge, Lutetiae: Stock. 
* Heuzé, Philippus (dir.), 2020, *Anthologie bilingue de la poésie latine*, Lutetiae: Gallimard, Bibliothèque de la Pleiade. ISBN 9782072743313
*Larkin, Philip, ed. 1973. *The Oxford Book of Twentieth Century English Verse.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
*Lonsdale, Roger, ed. 1990. *Eighteenth Century Women Poets.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
*Mosley, Ivo, ed. 1994. *The Green Book of Poetry.* Frontier Publishing. ISBN 9781872914060.
*Mosley, Ivo, ed. 1996. *Earth Poems: Poems from Around the World to Honor The Earth.* Harpercollins. ISBN 9780062512833.
*Ricks, Christopher, ed. 1999. *The Oxford Book of English Verse.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0192141821.
*Yeats, William Butler, ed. 1936. *Oxford Book of Modern Verse 1892–1935.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
* Yourcenar, Margarita, 1979,*La Couronne et la lyre, anthologie de la poésie grecque ancienne'', Lutetiae: Gallimard. ISBN 2070322564

## Nexus externi
* Poëmata Latina saeculo vicesimo aut vicesimo primo scripta

Categoria:Aesthetica
Categoria:Litterae

Categoria:Verbum dictum