Tholus vulcanicus

[thumb|[Rhyolites|Rhyoliticus tholus vulcanicus montis Chaitén per eruptionem annis ab 2008 ad 2010.]]
[thumb|Unus e [crater vulcanicus|crateribus Mono-Inyo, exemplum tholi rhyolitici.]]
[thumb|Despectus in Nea Kameni ex [Thera Santorinis in insula Graeca visus.]]
[thumb|Tholi lavae in cratere [Mons Sanctae Helenae|Montis Sanctae Helenae mense Septembre 2006.]]
[thumb|Tumens [Mons Sanctae Helenae|Montis Sanctae Helenae cryptotholus die 27 Aprilis 1980.]]
[thumb|[Spina lavae (vel spira lavae) supra tholum vulcanicum inter Colles Soufrière ante eruptionem anni 1997.]]
**Tholus vulcanicus**, sive **tholus lavae**, in vulcanologia est rotunda protrusio tumuli similis, quae ex lente lavae viscosae extrusione per eruptionem montis igniferi nascitur, Erupientes montes igniferi tholos lavae saepe gignunt, praecipue prope convergentes laminarum fines. Circa 6 centesimae eruptionum in tellure tales tholos gignunt, Propria tholi similis forma a viscositate fingitur quae prohibet ne lava procul effluat. Quae viscositas binis modis efficitur: ex dioxido silicii in magma et per degasificationem magmae fluentis. Quia tholi basaltici andesiticique celeriter effectu caeli dissolvuntur et facile a lava nuper exorienti confringuntur, plurimis tholis exstantibus est materies silicosa, atque ei in rhyolite vel dacite consistunt.

Geologi credunt nonnullas conformationes tholiformes quae in Luna atque in Venere et Marte planetis videntur esse tholos lavae,

* Podium Dumiatis

## Notae
## Bibliographia
* Calder, Eliza S., Yan Lavallée, Jackie E. Kendrick, et Marc Bernstein. 2015. In *The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes,* 343–62. Elsevier. . ISBN 9780123859389.
* Fink, Jonathan H., et Steven W. Anderson. 2001. "Lava Domes and Coulees." In *Encyclopedia of Volcanoes,* ed. Haraldur Sigursson, 307–19. Academic Press.
* Heap, Michael J., Valentin R. Troll, Alexandra R. L. Kushnir, H. Albert Gilg, Amy S. D. Collinson, Frances M. Deegan, Herlan Darmawan, Nadhirah Seraphine, Walter Neuberg, et Thomas R. Juergen. 2019. "Hydrothermal alteration of andesitic lava domes can lead to explosive volcanic behaviour." *Nature Communications* 10, no. 1 (7 Novembris): 5063. . ISSN 2041-1723.
* Melnik, O., et R. S. J. Sparks. 1999. "Nonlinear dynamics of lava dome extrusion." *Nature* 402, no. 6757 (4 Novembris): 37–41. Bibcode:1999Natur.402...37M. . S2CID 4426887. PDF.
* Newhall, C. G., et W. G. Melson. 1983. "Explosive activity associated with the growth of volcanic domes." *Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research* 17, nos. 1–4 (September): 111–31. Bibcode:1983JVGR...17..111N..
* Parfitt, E. A., et L. Wilson. 2008. *Fundamentals of Physical Volcanology.* Massachusetta: Blackwell Publishing.
* Rampey, Michael L., Keith A. Milam, Harry Y. McSween, Jeffrey E. Moersch, et Philip R. Christensen. 2007. "Identity and emplacement of domical structures in the western Arcadia Planitia, Mars." *Journal of Geophysical Research* 112, no. E6 (28 Iunii): E06011. Bibcode:2007JGRE..112.6011R. . Textus interretialis.
* Sparks, R.S.J. 1997. "Causes and consequences of pressurisation in lava dome eruptions." *Earth and Planetary Science Letters* 150, nos. 3–4 (Augustus): 177–89, Bibcode:1997E&PSL.150..177S, .

## Nexus externi 
* De tholis lavae. Programma Vulcanismi Totius Mundi.
* "Lava dome," in glossario vocabulorum vulcanicorum per photographemata pictorum. USGS.

Categoria:Tholi
Categoria:Vulcanologia