Opera seria

[thumb|350px|Adumbratio perfunctionis *[Flavius (opera)|Flavii,* operae seriae a Handel compositae, quae tres vehementius dicit notissimos operae seriae cantores: Senesinum castratum laeva, divam Franciscam Cuzzoni media, et Gaetanum Berenstadt castratum, artem amantem, dextra.]]
[thumb|[Antonius Raaff, tenor Germanicus, qui partes titulares in *Idomeneo* Mozart creavit, hic partes heroicas agit.]]

**Opera seria,** Italiane ***dramma per musica*** et ***melodramma serio*** aliquando appellata, fuit nobile seriumque operae Italicae genus quod in Europa inter annos fere 1700/1770 dominatum est. Terminus ipse eo tempore est raro usurpatus, commune adhibitus solum postquam opera seria, contra consuetudinem facta, "genus historicum" considerari solebat. Popularis operae seriae aemulus fuit *opera buffa,* comicum operae genus ex *comoedia artis,* genere ex tempore peracto, deductum.

Opera seria, semper ad libellos Italianos composits, non solum in Italia, sed etiam in Austria Habsburgensi, Anglia, Saxonia, et aliis civitatibus Germanicis producta est, etiam in Hispania et alibi. Ea autem in Francia minorem populi favorem habebat, operá Francicá ibi regnante. Felices operae seriae compositores fuerunt Alexander Scarlatti, Hasse,  Porpora, Handel, et altero saeculi duodevicensimi dimidio Traetta, Gluck, et Mozart.

## Notae 
*Index operarum Handel
*Index operarum seriarum
*Tragoedia in musica
 
## Bibliographia
*Brown, J. 1789. *Letters upon the Poetry and Music of the Italian Opera.* Londini.
*Burt, N. 1955. Opera in Arcadia. *Musical Quarterly* 12:145–170.
*Dean, W. *Handel and the Opera Seria.* Berkeleiae Californiae.
*Dent, E. J. 1909–1910. Ensembles and Finales in 18th-Century Italian Opera. *SIMG* 11:543–569
*Dent, E. J. 1910–1911. Ensembles and Finales in 18th-Century Italian Opera. *SIMG* 12: 112–138.
*Dent, E. J. 1912. Italian Opera in the Eighteenth Century, and its Influence on the Music of the Classical Period. *SIMG* 14(1912–13): 500.
*Downes, E. O. D. 1961. The Neapolitan Tradition in Opera. *IMSCR* 8:277–284.
*Feldman, M. 2007. *Opera and Sovereignty: Transforming Myths in Eighteenth Century Italy.*  Sicagi: University of Chicago Press.
*Grout, Donald Jay. (1947) 1988. *A Short History of Opera.* Ed. 3a, ed. H. W. Williams. Novi Eboraci: Norton.
*Grout, Donald Jay. 1972. *Mozart in the History of Opera.* Vasingtoniae. 
*Grout, Donald Jay. 1979. *Alessandro Scarlatti: An Introduction to His Operas.* Berkeleiae Californiae.
*Heartz, Daniel. 1967. Opera and the Periodization of 18th-century Music. *IMSCR* 10:160–168.
*Lee, V. Paget. 1880. *Studies of the Eighteenth Century in Italy.* Londini.
*McClymonds, M. P. 1987. The Venetian Role In the Transformation of Italian Opera Seria during the 1790s. In *I vicini di Mozart,* 221–240. Venetiis.
*Orrey, Leslie, et Rodney Milnes, eds. *Opera: A Concise History.* World of Art. Londinii: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0500202176.
*Robinson, M. F. 1961–1962. The Aria in Opera Seria, 1725–1780. *PRMA* 88:31–43.
*Warrack, John, et Ewan West. 1992. *The Oxford Dictionary of Opera.* ISBN 0198691645.
 
Categoria:Festivitates aularum Europaearum
Categoria:Genera operarum
Categoria:Opera seria
Categoria:Terminologia operatica
Categoria:Verba Italiana mutuata