Le Tretiz (Bibbesworth)

[thumb|250px|Rura iuxta *[Bibbsworth Hall* Hertfordiae.]]

***Le Tretiz*** ("Tractatus, i.e. liber manualis") est opusculum in versibus Francogallicis cum glossis Anglicis saeculo XIII medio a Gualtero de Bibbesworth scriptum, et saepius inter textus Anglonormannicos enumeratum. Liber Dionysiae de Monte Canisio dicatus ad instructione liberorum destinatus est, ut melius vocabula Francogallica de rebus rusticis et de vita quotidiana intellegerent. Gulielmus (filius eius) et Ioanna (filia mariti eius e prima uxore genita) ex hoc libro linguam Francogallicam didicisse censentur.

Thomas Wright, qui textum primus anno 1857 edidit, ita explicavit: "''This "treatise" ... marks a very important period in the history of the English language, as it shows that before the end of the thirteenth century, and perhaps subsequently to the barons' wars, that language had already become the mother tongue of the children of the Anglo-Norman nobility, and that they learnt it before they were taught French*".

## Notae 

## Bibliographia 
; Editiones et versiones
* T. Wright, *A Volume of Vocabularies* (Londinii, 1857) pp. 142-174 Textus apud archive.org
* Kathleen Kennedy, "Le Tretiz of Walter of Bibbesworth" in Daniel T. Kline, ed., *Medieval Literature for Children* (Londinii: Routledge, 2003) pp. 131-142 (versio Anglica partialis) 
* Annie Owen, ed., *Le Traité de Walter de Bibbesworth sur la langue française*. Lutetiae: PUF, 1929 
* William Rothwell, ed., *Walter de Bibbesworth: Le Tretiz*. Londinii: Anglo-Norman Text Society, 1990 Versio interretialis
* William Rothwell, ed., "Walter de Bibbesworth: *Le Tretiz together with two Anglo-French poems in praise of women*" (2009: editio nova interretialis)
* Andrew Dalby, interpr., *The Treatise of Walter of Bibbesworth''. Totenais: Prospect Books, 2012. ISBN 978-1-903018-86-6 

; Historica et critica
* Albert C. Baugh, "The Date of Walter of Bibbesworth's Traité" in Horst Oppel, ed., *Festschrift für Walther Fischer* (Heidelbergae: Winter, 1959) pp. 21-33
* Alexander Bell, "Notes on Walter de Bibbesworth's "Treatise"" in *Philological Quarterly* vol. 41 (1962) pp. 361-372
* Renate Haas, "Femina: female roots of "foreign" language teaching and the rise of mother-tongue ideologies" in *Exemplaria* vol. 19 no. 1 (2007) pp. 139-162
* Karen K. Jambeck, "The "Tretiz" of Walter of Bibbesworth: cultivating the vernacular" in Albrecht Classen, ed., *Childhood in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance* (Berolini: Walter De Gruyter, 2005) pp. 159-184 
* Kathleen Kennedy, "Changes in Society and Language Acquisition: the French language in England 1215-1480" in *English Language Notes* vol. 35 (1998) pp. 1-15
* Andres Kristol, "L'enseignement du français en Angleterre (XIIIe-XVe siècles): les sources manuscrites" in *Romania* vol. 111 (1990) pp. 289-330
* W. Rothwell, "A Mis-Judged Author and a Mis-Used Text: Walter de Bibbesworth and His "Tretiz"" in *Modern Language Review* vol. 77 (1982) pp. 282-293
* W. Rothwell, "Anglo-French and Middle English Vocabulary in "Femina Nova"" in *Medium Aevum* vol. 69 (2000) pp. 34-58
* W. Rothwell, "Sugar and Spice and All Things Nice: From Oriental Bazar to English Cloister in Anglo-French" in *Modern Language Review* vol. 94 (1999) pp. 647-659
* W. Rothwell, "The Teaching of French in Medieval England" in *Modern Language Review* vol. 63 (1968) pp. 37-46

* *Femina nova*
* Libri de re rustica medio aevo scripti

## Nexus externi 
* Walter de Bibbesworth apud ARLIMA

Categoria:Litterae Anglonormannicae
Categoria:Angliae scripta
Categoria:Scripta saeculo 13
Categoria:Libri de re rustica
Categoria:Dictionaria
Categoria:Libri scholastici
Categoria:Carmina didactica