Fraternitas Praeraphaelitarum

[thumb|upright=0.8|*[Proserpina (pictura Rossetti)|Proserpina.* Pictura a Dante Gabriel Rossetti anno 1874 facta.]]
**Fraternitas Praeraphaelitarum** fuit pictorum et poetarum artisque existimatorum Anglicorum sodalitas, primum anno 1848 constituta a Gulielmo Holman Hunt pictore, Ioanne Everett Millais pictore, Dante Gabriele Rossetti pictore ac poeta, Gulielmo Michaele Rossetti existimatore, Iacobo Collinson pictore, Friderico Georgio Stephens existimatore ac Thoma Woolner sculptore et poeta, qui artifices una fraternitatem septem sodalium fecerunt, ex parte ad exemplum motus Nazareni. Postea **Praeraphaelitae** appellati sunt, quorum quidem fraternitas nihil erat nisi societas laxissima, cuius principia in alios eiusdem aetatis artifices vulgabantur, inter quos erant Ford Madox Brown, Arthurus Hughes ac Maria Spartali Stillman. Posteriores sectatores principiorum fraternitatis erant Eduardus Burne-Jones, Gulielmus Morris, Ioannes William Waterhouse.

[thumb|upright=0.8|left|*[Ophelia (pictura)|Ophelia.* Pictura ab Ioanne Everett Millais facta, 1851-1852.]]
[thumb|Illustratio ab Holman Hunt facta [poematis "My Beautiful Lady" Thomae Woolner, in *The Germ* anno 1850 edita.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|*[Christus in domo parentium (Officina Fabri Tignarii).* Pictura ab Ioanne Everett Millais facta, 1850.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|"Rosamunda Bella." Pictura ab [Arthurus Hughes (artifex)|Arthuro Hughes facta, 1854.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|*Mors Arthuri Regis.* Pictura ab [Iacobus Archer|Iacobo Archer facta, 1860.]]
[thumb|upright|*[Medea.* Pictura ab Evelyn De Morgan modo *quattrocento* facta, 1889.]]
[alt="Incipit vita nova", 1903, Pictura ab Cesare Saccaggi facta|thumb|upright=0.8|Incipit *Vita Nova*: [pictura a Caesare Saccaggi facta (1903).]]

Praeraphaelitae reditum petierunt ad abundantiam singulorum membrorum, colores vividos, multiplicesque compositiones artis Italicae *Quattrocento* quae dicitur (saeculo XV). Rationem mechanisticam reiecerunt manieristarum, qui primi Raphaelem et Michelangelum imitati sunt. Fraternitas illa Praeraphaelitarum corruptam esse credebat artis institutionem academicam, quippe qua status classici venustaeque compositiones praecipue Raphaelis ipsius vehementer proferebantur. Praesertim adversabatur auctoritati Iosuae Reynolds, conditoris academiae artium regalis Anglicae, quem "Sir Sloshua" appellabant. Nam secundum Gulielmum Michaelem Rossetti *sloshy* apud illos ad "aliquid remissi aut neglegens in ratione pingendi, et proinde aliquid vel aliquis generis vulgaris aut ex opinione hominum" refertur. Fratres illi sua opera consociabant cum Ioanne Ruskin, artis existimatore Anglico, cuius efficientia in persuasione religiosà posita erant.

Fratres picturam historiae, mimesin, imitationemque naturae putabant maximum finem esse artis. Sese describebant motum emendatorium, distinctumque suae artis nomen excogitaverunt, et *The Germ* edebant, periodicum ad suas sententias promovendas dicatum. Praeterea, disceptationes suas et iudicia in *Pre-Raphaelite Journal* publicabant.

*Aevum Victorianum
*Ars Renascentiae
*Aubrey Beardsley
*Ioannes Wharlton Bunney
*Eduardus Burne-Jones
*Florentia Claxton
*Christina Rossetti
*Schola picturae Anglica

## Notae
## Bibliographia
*Andres, Sophia. 2005. *The Pre-Raphaelite Art of the Victorian Novel: Narrative Challenges to Visual Gendered Boundaries.* Ohio State University Press. 
*Barringer, Tim. 1998. *Reading the Pre-Raphaelites.* Portu Novo: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-07787-4.
*Bate, P. H. (1901/1972) *The English Pre-Raphaelite painters: their associates and successors.* Novi Eboraci: AMS Press. 
*Bucher, Gregory. 2004. Recognitio: Dickerson, Matthew. *Following Gandalf: Epic Battles and Moral Victory in The Lord of the Rings.* *Journal of Religion & Society* 6. ISSN 1522-5658.
*Daly, Gay. 1989. *Pre-Raphaelites in Love.* Novi Eboraci: Ticknor & Fields. ISBN 0-89919-450-8.
*des Cars, L. 2000. *The Pre-Raphaelites: Romance and Realism.* Abrams Discoveries series. Novi Eboraci: Harry N. Abrams. 
*Dickerson, Matthew. 2003. *Following Gandalf: epic battles and moral victory in the Lord of the rings.* Grand Rapids Michiganiae: Brazos Press. ISBN 1-58743-085-1.
*Dorra, Henri. 1995. *Symbolist Art Theories: A Critical Anthology.* Berkeleiae: University of California Press.
*Gaunt, William. 1975. *The Pre-Raphaelite Tragedy.* Ed. retractata. Londinii: Cape. ISBN 0-224-01106-5.
*Hawksley, Lucinda. 1999. *Essential Pre-Raphaelites.* Bath: Dempsey Parr. ISBN 1-84084-524-4.
*Hilton, Timothy. 1970. *The Pre-Raphaelites.* Novi Eboraci: H. N. Abrams. ISBN 0810904241.
*Latham, David. 2003. *Haunted Texts: Studies in Pre-Raphaelitism in Honour of William E. Fredeman,* ed. William Evan Fredeman et David Latham. Toronti: University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0802036627, ISBN 9780802036629.
*Mancoff, D. N. 2003. *Flora symbolica: flowers in Pre-Raphaelite art.* Monaci, Londinii, Novi Eboraci: Prestel. ISBN 3-7913-2851-4.
*Marsh, Jan, & P. G. Nunn (1998) *Pre-Raphaelite women artists.* Thames & Hudson. 
*Prettejohn, Elizabeth. 2000. *The Art of the Pre-Raphaelites.* Princeton Novae Caesareae: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-07057-1.
*Ramm, John. 2003. "The Forgotten Pre-Raphaelite: Henry Wallis." *Antique Dealer & Collectors Guide* 56 (Martius/Aprilis): 8–9.
*Sharp, Frank C., et Jan Marsh. 2012. *The Collected Letters of Jane Morris.* Londinii: Boydell & Brewer.
*Simons, J. 2008. ''Rossetti's Wombat: Pre-Raphaelites and Australian animals in Victorian London.* Londinii: Middlesex University Press.
*Staley, A., & C. Newall. 2004. *Pre-Raphaelite vision: truth to nature.* Londinii: Tate. ISBN 1-85437-499-0.
*Todd, Pamela. 2001. *Pre-Raphaelites at Home.* Novi Eboraci: Watson-Giptill Publications. ISBN 0-8230-4285-5.
*Townsend, J., J. Ridge, & S. Hackney. 2004. *Pre-Raphaelite painting techniques: 1848–56.'' Londinii: Tate. ISBN 1-85437-498-2.

## Nexus externi
*"Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery's Pre-Raphaelite Online Resource."
*Exhibitio de praeraphaelitis, Tate Britain.
*Collectio praeraphaelitica. Liverpool Walker Art Gallery.
**Pre-Raphaelitism.* Acroasis Ioannis Ruskin.
*Situs interretialis Societatis praeraphaeliticae.
*"Pre-Raphaelite online resource project." Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery.
*"The Samuel and Mary R. Bancroft Collection of Pre-Raphaelite Art."
**Edward Burne-Jones, Victorian artist-dreamer.* Catalogus exhibitionis apud  Museum Artis Metropolitanum.
*Picturae murales in "Old Library" apud Oxford Union.
**Podcast. Bibliotheca Bodleiana.
**Res apud YouTube.
*Landow, George P. "Pre-Raphaelites: An Introduction." Situs *The Victorian Web.*

Categoria:Aevum Victorianum

Categoria:Historia artis
Categoria:Motus artis