Iconoclasmus Byzantinus

[thumb|Opus tesselatum in abside ecclesiae [iconibus spoliatae, imaginibus carens, sola cruce ornata.]]
[thumb|Iconoclasmus Byzantinus, [Psalterium Chludovianum (saeculo 9).]]
**Iconoclasmus Byzantinus** (Graece Εἰκονομαχία) bis in Imperio Romano Orientali saevit, cum usus iconum, imaginum religiosarum, ab auctoritatibus religiosis et imperialibus intra Ecclesias Orientales et hierarchiam imperialem temporalem. Primo inter annos 726 fere et 787, imperatores Leo III Isaurianus et Constantinus V imagines exstinguere studuerunt (vetitum abrogatum est ab Imperatice Irene); aliud interdictum inter 814 et 842 valebat (institutum a Leone V et abrogatum a Theodora). Plurimi cultores imaginum idolatriae accusati ac damnati, saepe etiam supplicio affecti sunt. Occidentalis autem ecclesia usui imaginum per hoc tempus omne tenaciter favebat, et haec res discrepantiam inter traditiones orientales et occidentales in ecclesia iam unificata dilatavit, potestamque Byzantinam in regionibus Italicis varie debilitavit vel finivit.

*Aniconismus
*Ars Palaeochristiana
*Ars Byzantina
*Iconoclasmus
*Iconodulia
*Idololatria

## Notae

## Bibliographia
*Beckwith, John. 1979. *Early Christian and Byzantine Art.* Penguin History of Art. Ed. 2a. ISBN 0140560335.
*Bremer, Thomas. 2015. *"Verehrt wird Er in seinem Bilde . . ." Quellenbuch zur Geschichte der Ikonentheologie.* SOPHIA: Quellen östlicher Theologie, 37. Augustae Treverorum: Paulinus. ISBN 9783790214611.
*Brown, P. 1973. A Dark-Age Crisis: Aspects of the Iconoclastic Controversy. *English Historical Review* 88(346):1–33.
*Brubaker, Leslie. 2012. *Inventing Byzantine Iconoclasm.* Londinii: Bristol Classical Press.
*Brubaker, Leslie, et J. Haldon. 2001. *Byzantium in the Iconoclast Era, c. 680-850: the Sources.* Birminghamiae.
*Brubaker, Leslie, et J. Haldon. 2011. *Byzantium in the Iconoclast Era, c. 680-850: a history.* Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press.
*Cameron, A. 1992. The Language of Images: the Rise of Icons and Christian Representation. In *The Church and the Arts,* ed. D. Wood, 1–42. Studies in Church History, 28. Oxoniae: Blackwell.
*Cormack, Robin. 1985. *Writing in Gold, Byzantine Society and its Icons.* Londinii: George Philip. ISBN 0540010855.
*Evans,H. C., et W. D. Wixom. 1997. *The glory of Byzantium: art and culture of the Middle Byzantine era, A.D. 843–1261.* Novi Eboraci: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 9780810965072.
*Goody, jack. 1997. *Representations and Contradictions: Ambivalence Towards Images, Theatre, Fiction, Relics and Sexuality.* Londinii: Blackwell Publishers. ISBN 0631205268.
*Ivanovic, F. 2010. *Symbol and Icon: Dionysius the Areopagite and the Iconoclastic Crisis.* Eugene: Pickwick.
*Karahan, A. 2014. Byzantine Iconoclasm: Ideology and Quest for Power. In *Iconoclasm from Antiquity to Modernity,* ed. K. Kolrud et M. Prusac, 75–94. Farnham Surreiae: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 9781409470335.
*Kitzinger, Ernst. 1954. The Cult of Images in the Age of Iconoclasm. *Dumbarton Oaks Papers* 8:83–150.
*Kitzinger, Ernst. 1977. *Byzantine art in the making: main lines of stylistic development in Mediterranean art, 3rd-7th century.* Londinii: Faber & Faber. ISBN 0571111548.
*Mango, Cyril. 1977. Historical Introduction. In *Iconoclasm,* ed. Anthony Bryer et Judith Herrin. Centre for Byzantine Studies, University of Birmingham. ISBN 0704402262.
*Mango, Cyril. 2002. *The Oxford History of Byzantium.* 
*Noble, Thomas F. X. 2011. *Images, Iconoclasm, and the Carolingians.* University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0812202961, ISBN 9780812202960, Google Books.
*Pratsch, T. 1997. *Theodoros Studites (759–826): zwischen Dogma und Pragma.* Francofurti.
*Schick, R. 1995. *The Christian Communities of Palestine from Byzantine to Islamic Rule: A Historical and Archaeological Study.* Studies in Late Antiquity and Early Islam, 2. Princetoniae: Darwin Press.
*Velikov, Yuliyan. 2011. *Image of the Invisible: Image Veneration and Iconoclasm in the Eighth Century.* Veliko Turnovo: Veliko Turnovo University Press. ISBN 9789545247798. (Bulgarice.)

Categoria:Ecclesiae Orthodoxae
Categoria:Historia artis
Categoria:Idololatria
Categoria:Imperium Byzantinum