Paries cellularis

[thumb|upright=1.5|Paries cellularis in hac [cellulae adumbratione videtur.]]
**Paries cellularis** est stratum structurale quod nonnulla cellularum genera aliquantulum extra membranam cellularum circumdat. Durum, flexibile, aliquando rigidum esse potest. Cellulae subsidium structurale et tutelam dat, et rationi percolandi prodest. Parietes cellulares in plurimis prokaryotis (praeter bacteria mollicutica), atque in algis, fungis, et eukaryotis (plantis non exclusis) adsunt, sed in animalibus carent. Praesertim vasa pressurae agunt, cytolysem cellulae cum aqua intret prohibentia.

Compositio parietum cellularium inter species variat, et de genere et statione maturationis dependere potest. Prima embryophytorum paries cellularis ex polysaccharidis cellulosa, hemicellulosis, et pectino constat. Ligninum, suberinum, cutinum, aliique polymeri saepe intra parietes cellulares iacent. Algis sunt parietes cellulares ex glycoproteino et polysaccharidis sicut carrageenano et agar factae, quae in plantis terrestribus absunt. In bacteriis, paries cellularis in peptidoglycano consistit. Parietibus archaearum sunt variae compositiones, quae in glycoproteno, strato S, pseudopeptidoglycano, vel polysaccharidis consistere possunt. Fungis sunt parietes cellulares ex chitino, polymero N-acetylglucosamino, factae. Diatomis insolite est paries cellularis quae in silica biogenica consistit.

*Canalis ionticus
*Cellula animalium
*Cellula plantarum
*Chloroplastum
*Cytosceletus
*Cytoplasma
*DNA
*Leucoplastis
*Lipidum
*Lysosoma
*Membrana cellularis
*Mitochondrium
*Mitosis
*Nucleolus
*Nucleus cellulae
*Organellum
*Osmosis
*Parenchyma
*Phloema
*Reticulum endoplasmaticum
*Ribosoma
*Sclerenchyma
*Vacuolum
*Xylema

## Notae
## Bibliographia
[thumb|upright=1|Adumbratio parietis cellularis [plantarum.]]
*Bidhendi, A. J., et A. Geitmann. 2016. "Relating the mechanics of the primary plant cell wall to morphogenesis". Journal of Experimental Botany. 67, no. 2 (Ianuarius)): 449–61. doi:10.1093/jxb/erv535. PMID 26689854.
*Cutter, E. G. 1977. *Plant Anatomy Part 1: Cells and Tissues.* Londinii: Edward Arnold. ISBN 0713126388.
*Dixon, R. A., ed. 1985. *Plant cell culture: a practical approach.* Oxoniae et Vasingtoniae: IRL Press. ISBN 0947946225.
*Evert, R. F. 2006. ''Esau's Plant Anatomy: Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body: Their Structure, Function, and Development.* Ed. tertia. Hoboken Novae Caesareae: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 978-0-470-04737-8.
*Hall, J. L., T. J. Flowers, et R. M. Roberts. 1974. *Plant cell structure and metabolism.* Londinii: Longman.
*Keegstra, K. 2010. "Plant cell walls." *Plant Physiology* 154 (2): 483–86. doi:10.1104/pp.110.161240. PMC 2949028. PMID 20921169.
*Møller, Ian M., et Peter Brodelius, eds. 1996. *Plant membrane biology.* Oxoniae: Clarendon Press; Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198577761.
*Roelofsen, P. A. 1959. *The plant cell wall.* Berolini: Gebrüder Borntraeger. ASIN B0007J57W0.
*Romaniuk, J. A., et L. Cegelski. 2015. "Bacterial cell wall composition and the influence of antibiotics by cell-wall and whole-cell NMR." *Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London: Series B, Biological Sciences* 370, no. 1679 (October): 20150024. PMID 26370936. PMC 4632600. doi:10.1098/rstb.2015.0024.
*Rutledge, Ryan D., et David W. Wright. 2013. "Biomineralization: Peptide-Mediated Synthesis of Materials." In *Nanomaterials: Inorganic and Bioinorganic Perspectives,* ed. C.M. Lukehart et R. A. Scott. EIC Books. Wiley. ISBN 978-1-118-62522-4. Google Books.
*Schopfer, Peter, et Axel Brennicke. 2006 *Pflanzenphysiologie.* Monaci: Elsevier. ISBN 978-3-8274-1561-5.
*Siegel, S. M. 1962. *The plant cell wall; a topical study of architecture, dynamics, comparative chemistry and technology in a biological system.*  Oxoniae et Novi Eboraci: Pergamon Press.
*Weiler, Elmar, et Nover Lutz. 2008. *Allgemeine und molekulare Botanik.'' Thieme Verlag.

## Nexus externi
* Untrastructura parietum cellularium.
* "The Cell Wall."

Categoria:Anatomia plantarum
Categoria:Physiologia plantarum
Categoria:Organella