Violina

thumb|Anatomia violinae.
[thumb|[Sonus|Soni nervorum violinae.]]

**Violina** vel **violinum,** aut **fidicula** vel **fidicula violina**, est chordophonum plerumque ligneum, quod quattuor (vel multo rarius quinque) nervis vel chordis intervallis paribus, scil. diapente perfectis, intendi solet. Olim nervi ex intestinis ovium vel equorum faciebantur. Hodie autem violinistae nervis metallicis saepius utuntur, nisi forte opera antiquiora producentes etiam violinas illi mori antiquiori adaptent.

Violina canunt (vel violinam tangunt) tractantes super nervos arcum ex materia lignea et saetis equinis factum, quae actio facit nervos oscillare. Ad hanc oscillationem nervorum efficiendam saetas resina Colophonia illini oportet, ut eo modo exasperatae melius adhaereant nervis. Sunt et quarundam compositionum partes, quas ad producendas praescriptum est, ut sonus digitis e violina carpendus sit. Id a compositoribus praescribitur addita adnotatione Italiane *pizzicato*, abbreviata *pizz.,* cum usus arcus vocabulis *arco* vel *ord(inario)* iubeatur. Adnotatione *col legno* (id est 'ligno') utuntur, ut violinistae contra morem solitum ligneam arcus partem adhibeant.

## Violinistae notabiles 
* Salvator Accardo
* Thomas Albinoni
* Beniaminus Basner
* Antonius Bazzini
* Samuel Crompton
* Gualtherius Damrosch
* Alexander Feye
* Petrus Locatelli
* Alexius L'vov
* Lorin Maazel
* Carolus Mannelli
* Iudas Menuhin
* Leopoldus Mozartus
* Nicolaus Paganini
* Ricardus Strauss.
* Antonius Vivaldi.

## Notae
## Nexus interni
* Andreas Guarnerius
* Quadricinium fidium
* Antonius Stradivarius - factor violinarum

## Bibliographia
*Bachmann, Alberto. 1965, 1970. *An Encyclopedia of the Violin.* Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80004-7.
*Beament, James. 1992, 1997. *The Violin Explained: Components Mechanism and Sound.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-816623-0.
*Coetzee, Chris. 2003. *Violin: And Easy Guide.* New Holland Publishers. ISBN 1-84330-332-9.
*Dubourg, George. 1854. *The Violin.* Robert Cocks & Co.
*Farga, Franz. 1950.*Violins & Violinists.* Rockliff Publishing Corporation Ltd.
*Galamian, Ivan. 1999. *Principles of Violin Playing and Teaching.* Shar Products Co. ISBN 0-9621416-3-1.
*Gill, Dominic, ed. 1984. *The Book of the Violin.* Phaidon. ISBN 0-7148-2286-8.
*Grillet, Laurent. 1901. *Les ancetres du violon.* Lutetiae.
*Heron-Allen, Edward. 1885, 1994. *Violin-Making as It Was, and Is.* Ward Lock Limited. ISBN 0-7063-1045-4.
*Katz, Mark. 2006. *The Violin: A Research and Information Guide.* Routledge. ISBN 0-8153-3637-3.
*Menuhin, Yehudi. 1996. *The Violin.* Flammarion. ISBN 2-08-013623-2.
*Pollens, Stewart. 1992. *The Violin Forms of Antonio Stradivari.* Londinii: Peter Biddulph. ISBN 0-9520109-0-9.
*Regazzi, Roberto. 1990. ''The Complete Luthier's Library: A Useful International Critical Bibliography for the Maker and the Connoisseur of Stringed and Plucked Instruments.* Bononiae: Florenus. ISBN 88-85250-01-7.
*Rowland-Entwistle, Theodore. 1967, 1974. *The Violin.* Dover Publications. ISBN 0-340-05992-3.
*Roy, Karl. 2006. *The Violin: Its History and Making.* ISBN 978-1-4243-0838-5.
*Sandys, William, and Simon Andrew. 2006. *History of the Violin.* Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-45269-7.
*Stowell, Robin, ed. 1992. *The Cambridge Companion to the Violin.* Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press.  ISBN 0-521-39033-8.
*Stowell, Robin. 2001. *The Early Violin and Viola.* Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press.  ISBN 0-521-62555-6.
*Strange, Patricia, et Allen Strange. 2001. *The Contemporary Violin: Extended Performance Techniques.'' Berkeleiae: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-22409-4.

Categoria:Chordophona