Acacia

***Acacia*** est fruticum arborumque genus, quod ad subfamiliam Mimosoidearum familiae Fabacearum pertinet, primum ex Africa a Linnaeo anno 1773 descriptum. Nomen e Graeco  'acies' deducitur, cum typus generis, *Acacia nilotica* ex Aegypto, spinas habeat. *Acaciae* caules, plerumque spinosi, valvulos ferunt, et folia succusque magnam tanninorum copiam continere solent.

Sunt in omni terrarum orbi circa 1300 *Acaciarum* species, quarum circa 960 in Australia endemicae inveniuntur, reliquis in tropicis et calidis temperatis hemisphaeiorum Septentrionalis et Australis regionibus, Africam, Americam Septentrionalem Meridionalemque, Asiam meridionalem, et Europam complectentibus.

Etiam ut symbolum dies internationalis feminarum utetur.
## Classificatio 
[thumb|upright=0.7|left|*[Acacia pycnantha.*]]
Genus *Acacia* ut videtur non est monophyleticum. Haec inventio genus *Acaciam* in quinque nova genera (in Indice specierum Acaciarum discepta) scidit. Nomen *acaciae* ad species generis *Robiniae* vulgo sed falso adhibetur, quae etiam ad Fabaceas pertinent. *Robinia pseudoacacia*, species Americana Anglice *black locust* appellata, acacia falsa (Anglice *false acacia*) in cultu Britanniarum Regni aliquando appellatur.

## Distributio geographica 
[thumb|upright=0.5|left|*[Acacia smallii.*]]
Australissimae generis species sunt *A. dealbata,* *A. longifolia,* *A. mearnsii,* et *A. melanoxylon,* quae ad 43°30' M in Tasmania attingit, dum *A. caven* eandem latitudinem in Chubut Provincia septentrio-orientali Argentinae paene attingit. Species Australianae Anglice *wattles* ferme appellantur; species Africanae Americanaeque, *acacias.*
[thumb|upright=0.8|*[Acacia retinodes.*]]

*A. albida, A. tortilis,* et *A. iraqensis* in deserto Paeninsulae Sinaiensis et valle Fluminis Iordanis incultae inveniuntur.

## Descriptio 
[thumb|upright=0.8|*[Acacia berlandieri.*]]
Folia plerumque sunt pinnata multiplicia. In aliquibus autem speciebus, praecipue in speciebus Australianis Pacificisque, foliola supprimuntur, et petioli sunt complanati ut pro foliis sint; hae structurae phyllodia dicuntur. 

Floribus, parvis, sunt quinque parvula petala, a staminibus longis paene celata, in densis fasciculis globosis cylindraceisve disposita; in plurimis speciebus sunt flavi cremeive, in aliquibus albida, etiam purpurea (*A. purpureapetala*) vel rubra (*A. leprosa,* cultivarietate 'Scarlet Blaze').

Plantae spinas saepe ferunt, praecipue species quae in regionibus aridis crescuntur. Spinae aliquando ramos exprimunt qui breves, duros, et pungentes fiunt, vel aliquando stipulas. *A. armata* Anglice est *kangaroo-thorn* Australiae et *A. erioloba* est *camelthorn* Africae.

## Pinacotheca diagnostica 
### Flores 

Image:Acacia aneura blossom.jpg|*Acacia aneura*
Image:Acacia_catechu_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-003.jpg|*Acacia catechu*
Image:Acacia baileyana.jpg|*Acacia baileyana*
Image:Acacia berlandieri branch.jpg|*Acacia berlandieri*
Image:Acacia confusa-01.jpg|*Acacia confusa*
Image:Acacia constricta flower.jpg|*Acacia constricta,* Las Vega Nivatae*
Image:Acacia covenyi02.jpg|*Acacia covenyi*
Image:Acacia dealbata-1.jpg|*Acacia dealbata*
Image:Acacia denticulosa.jpg|*Acacia denticulosa*
Image:Acacia_drummodii_fg01.JPG|*Acacia drummodii*
Image:Akazie_Blüte_PA060002.JPG|*Acacia erioloba,* Sossusvlei Namibiae
Image:Acacia fimbriata 02.jpg|*Acacia fimbriata,* Australian National Botanic Gardens Canberrae
Image:Acacia heterophylla (flowers) 2.JPG|*Acacia heterophylla*
Image:Acacia_longifolia_fg01.JPG|*Acacia longifolia*
Image:Acacia melanoxylon branch.jpg|*Acacia melanoxylon* Nazaré Portugalliae
Image:Acacia saligna(04).jpg|*Acacia saligna* Side Turciae
Image:Acacia schinoides.JPG|*Acacia schinoides,* Australian National Botanic Gardens
Image:Acacia tetragonophylla.jpg|*Acacia tetragonophylla* Geelong Botanic Gardens Victoriae Australiae
Image:Acacia pennata in Talakona forest, AP W2 IMG 8290.jpg|*Acacia pennata* in silva Talakona in Pago Chittoor Andhrae Pradesh Indiae
Image:Acacia pennata in Anantgiri, AP W IMG 8795.jpg|*Acacia pennata* apud Ananthagiri Hills in Pago Rangareddy Andhrae Pradesh Indiae

### Cortex 

Image:Acacia-aneura-bark3.jpg|*Acacia aneura*
Image:Starr_031013-0028_Acacia_auriculiformis.jpg|*Acacia auriculiformis*
Image:Acacia-berlandieri-bark.jpg|*Acacia berlandieri*
Image:Acacia collinsii1.jpg|*Acacia collinsii*
Image:Starr_050107-2872_Acacia_confusa.jpg|*Acacia confusa,* in Havaiis
Image:Yellow Mimosa.jpg|*Acacia dealbata*
Image:Acacia-decurrens2.jpg|*Acacia decurrens*
Image:Akazie_Blüte_PA060002.JPG|*Acacia erioloba*
Image:Acacia-estrophiolata-bark2.jpg|*Acacia estrophiolata*
Image:Acacia-greggii-bark.jpg|*Acacia greggii*
Image:Acacia heterophylla 7.JPG|*Acacia heterophylla*
Image:Acacia pennata trunk in Talakona forest, AP W IMG 8292.jpg|*Acacia pennata,* truncus in silva Talakona in Pago Chittoor Andhrae Pradesh Indiae

### Folia 

Image:Acacia_catechu_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-003.jpg|*Acacia catechu*
Image:Acacia collinsii4.jpg|*Acacia collinsii*
Image:Acacia concinna Blanco2.374.png|*Acacia concinna*
Image:Acacia denticulosa.jpg|*Acacia denticulosa*
Image:Acacia karroo1.jpg|*Acacia karroo*
Image:Acacia leprosa1.jpg|*Acacia leprosa*
Image:Acacia pennata leaves in Talakona forest, AP W IMG 8291.jpg|*Acacia pennata* in silva Talakona in Pago Chittoor Andhrae Pradesh Indiae
Image:Acacia pennata in Anantgiri, AP W IMG 8797.jpg|*Acacia pennata* apud Ananthagiri Hills in Pago Rangareddy Andhrae Pradesh Indiae

### Legumina 

Image:Acacia aneura pods.jpg|*Acacia aneura*
Image:Acacia_catechu_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-003.jpg|*Acacia catechu*
Image:Starr_061224-2814_Acacia_confusa.jpg|*Acacia confusa*
Image:Acacia constricta pods.jpg|*Acacia constricta*
Image:Acacia dealbata fruto.jpg|*Acacia dealbata*
Image:Acacia heterophylla (1).JPG|*Acacia heterophylla*
Image:Acacia verticillata1.jpg|*Acacia melanoxylon*
Fasciculus:Acacia sp. MHNT.BOT.2009.13.18.jpg|*Acacia sp.,* specimen in museo curatum

### Semina 

Image:Acacia baileyana seeds.jpg|*Acacia baileyana*
Image:Acacia berlandieri seeds.jpg|*Acacia berlandieri*
Image:Acacia confusa seeds.jpg|*Acacia confusa*
Image:Acacia constricta seeds.jpg |*Acacia constricta*
Image:Acacia cyclops seeds.jpg |*Acacia cyclops*
Image:Acacia dealbata seeds.jpg|*Acacia dealbata*
Image:Acde 001 lhp.jpg|*Acacia decurrens*
Image:Acfa 002 lhp.jpg|*Acacia farnesiana*
Image:Acacia greggii seeds.jpg|*Acacia greggii*
Image:Acacia longifolia seeds.jpg|*Acacia longifolia*
Image:Acacia mearnsii seeds.jpg|*Acacia mearnsii*
Image:Acme 001 lhp.jpg|*Acacia melanoxylon*
Image:Acacia pycnantha seeds.jpg|*Acacia pycnantha*
Image:Acacia rigidula seeds.jpg|*Acacia rigidula*
Image:Acacia tortuosa seeds.jpg|*Acacia tortuosa*

### Spinae 

File:Acacia drepanolobium MHNT.BOT.2011.3.97.jpg|*Acacia drepanolobium,* specimen in museo curatum
Image:Acacia_catechu_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-003.jpg|*Acacia catechu*
Image:Acacia collinsii0.jpg|*Acacia collinsii*
Image:A-cornigera.jpg|*Acacia cornigera*
Image:Acacia-smallii-thorns.jpg|*Acacia farnesiana var. farnesiana*
Image:Acacia pennata in Talakona forest, AP W IMG 8290.jpg|*Acacia pennata* in silva Talakona, in Pago Chittoor Andhrae Pradesh Indiae

### Arbor 

Fasciculus:Mulga.jpg|*Acacia aneura*
Image:Acacia-berlandieri-habit.jpg|*Acacia berlandieri*
Image:Starr_050107-2872_Acacia_confusa.jpg|*Acacia confusa*
Image:Acacia dealbata1.jpg|*Acacia dealbata*
Image:Acacia heterophylla 1.JPG|*Acacia heterophylla*
File:Starr 040723-0533 Acacia_koa.jpg|*Acacia koa*
Image:Acacia leprosa2.jpg|*Acacia leprosa*

### Lignum 

Image:Starr_030405-0092_Acacia_koa.jpg|*Acacia koa*
Image:PlateauxTamarin2.jpg|*Acacia heterophylla*
Image:Acacia-schaffneri-wood.jpg|*Acacia schaffneri*

## Notae 
## Bibliographia 
* Clement, B. A., C. M. Goff, et T. D. A. Forbes. 1998. "Toxic Amines and Alkaloids from Acacia rigidula." *Phytochem.* 49(5):1377.
* Shulgin, Alexander, et Ann Shulgin. 1997. *TiHKAL the Continuation.* Transform Press. ISBN 0-9630096-9-9.

* *Acacia simplex''


Categoria:Excipientes
Categoria:Genera plantarum
Categoria:Taxa Miller
Categoria:Taxa 1754