Characteristica universalis

[thumb|[Godefridus Guilielmus Leibnitius.]]

**Characteristica universalis,** fortasse Latine classica **proprietas universa,** est lingua formalis et universa a Godefrido Leibnitio philosopho Germano excogitata, quae notiones mathematicas, scientificas, et metaphysicas exprimere potest. Leibnitius sic linguam fingere speravit quae compagi calculationis logicae universae ut calculus ratiocinator adhiberi possit. Characteristica universalis est notio quae iterum atque iterum in scriptis Leibnitii redit. Qui autem Francice scribens nonnumquam locutione ***spécieuse générale*** pro eadem sententia utebatur. Haec sententia aliquando cum eius notione calculi ratiocinatoris coniungitur, et cum eius propositis encyclopaediae ut compendium omnis scientiae humanae.

*Abecedarium cogitationis humanae
*Begriffsschrift
*Grammatica universalis
*Lingua auxiliaris internationalis
*Lingua universalis, Lingua universa, Latino sine Flexione
*Mathesis universalis
*Ontologia
*Pansophismus
*Scientia coniuncta
 
## Bibliographia
*Brown, M. T. 2004. A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: Energy Systems Language and Simulation. *Ecological Modelling* 178:83–100.
 
* Bulcsu P. G., 1986, "Formalization of the Iconic Language for Structured Analysis and Symbolic Logic,"  *Meres es Automatika 34*: 315&ndash;22.
*Carnap, Rudolf. 1958. *Introduction to Symbolic Logic with Applications*. Dover.
*Carnap, Rudolf. 1967. *The Logical Structure of the World: Pseudoproblems in Philosophy*. University of California Press. Translation of his 1928 *Der Logische Aufbau der Welt*. Leipzig: Felix Meiner Verlag.
* Cevolatti, D., and Maud, S., 2004, "Realising the Enlightenment: H. T. Odum's Energy Systems Language *qua* G. W. v. Leibniz's *Characteristica Universalis*", *Ecological Modelling 178*: 279&ndash;92.
* Cohen, C. Jonathan., 1954, "On the project of a universal character," *Mind* (New Series) *63*: 249.
*Couturat, Louis. 1901. *La Logique de Leibniz*. Paris: Felix Alcan. Donald Rutherford's English translation in progress.
*Couturat, Louis, O. Jespersen, R. Lorenz, Wilhelm Ostwald et L. Pfaundler 1910, *International Language and Science: Considerations on the Introduction of an International Language into Science", Constable and Company Limited, London.
*Dascal, M., 1987. *Leibniz: Language, Signs and Thought, A Collection of Essays*. Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
*Davis, Martin. 2001. *Engines of Logic: Mathematicians and the Origin of the Computer*. W W Norton.
*Dawson, J. W. Jr., 1997. *Logical Dilemmas: The Life and Work of Kurt Gödel*. Wellesley MA: A. K. Peters.
*Fearnley-Sander, Desmond, 1982, "Hermann Grassmann and the Prehistory of Universal Algebra," *The American Mathematical Monthly 89*: 161–66.

*Gode, Alexander. 1951. *Interlingua-English: A Dictionary of the International language.* Novi Eboraci: Storm Publishers.
*Goodman, Nelson. 1951, 1977. *The Structure of Appearance.* Reidel.

*Hintikka, Jaakko. 1997. *Lingua Universalis vs. Calculus Ratiocinator. An ultimate presupposition of Twentieth-century philosophy*. Kluwer.
*Jaenecke, P., 1996, "Elementary principles for representing knowledge," *Knowledge Organization 23*: 88&ndash;102.
*Kluge, E. H. W., 1980, "Frege, Leibniz and the notion of an ideal language," *Studia Leibnitiana 12*: 140–154.
*Lewis, Clarence Irving. 1960 (1918).* A Survey of Symbolic Logic*. Dover.
*Loemker, Leroy, ed. and trans., 1969. *Leibniz: Philosophical Papers and Letters*. Synthese Historical Library. Dordrecht: D. Reidel.
*Mates, Benson, 1986. *The Philosophy of Leibniz*. Oxford Univ. Press.
*Odum, E.C., Odum, H.T. and Peterson, N.S., 1995, "Using Simulation to Introduce the Systems Approach in Education" in Hall, C.S., ed., *Maximum Power: The Ideas and Applications of H. T. Odum*. Colorado Univ. Press: 346–352.
*Parkinson, G. H. R., ed. and trans., 1966. *Leibniz: Logical Papers*. Oxford Univ. Press.
*Parkinson, G. H. R., ed Mary Morris, trans., 1973. *Leibniz: Philosophical Writings''. London: J M Dent.
*Piper, R. F. 1957. "Review of 'Unified Symbolism for World Understanding in Science' by Oliver L. Reiser," *Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 17*: 432–433.
*Reiser, Oliver Leslie. 1946. *A philosophy for world unification;: Scientific humanismas an ideology for cultural integration*, Haldeman-Julius Publications.
* Reiser, Oliver Leslie. 1940. *The Promise of Scientific Humanism Toward a Unification of Scientific, Religious, Social and Economic Thought*, Oskar Piest.
*Reiser, Oliver Leslie. 1955. *Unified symbolism for world understanding in science: Including Bliss symbols (semantography) and logic, cybernetics and semantics*, Semantography Pub. Co.
*Rescher, Nicholas Rescher. 1954, "Review of *On the Project of a Universal Character* by Jonathan Cohen," *Journal of Symbolic Logic* 19:133.
*Rogers, Hartley, Jr., 1963, "An Example in Mathematical Logic," *The American Mathematical Monthly 70*: 929&ndash;45.
*Rutherford, Donald, 1995, "Philosophy and language" in Jolley, N., ed., *The Cambridge Companion to Leibniz*. Cambridge Univ. Press.
*Suppes, Patrick Suppes. 1999 (1957). *Introduction to Logic*. Dover.
*van Heijenoort, Jean. 1967, "Logic as calculus and logic as language," *Synthese 17*: 324–330. Reprinted in Hintikka (1997).

*Wiener, Philip P. 1940. Leibniz's Project of a Public Exhibition of Scientific Inventions. *Journal of the History of Ideas* 1:232–240.
*Woodger, Joseph H. 1937. *The Axiomatic Method in Biology.* Cambridge University Press.
*Yen, D. C., S.-M. Huang, et C.-Y. Ku. 2002. The Impact and Implementation of XML on Business-to-Business Commerce. *Computer Standards and Interfaces* 24:347–362.

## Nexus externi
*Corazzon, Raul. 2010 "Language as Calculus vs. Language as Universal Medium," www.ontology.co
*Rotha, Paul. 1946. "From Hieroglyphs to Isotypes".
*Smith, Barry. 1978. "An Essay in Formal Ontology," (936 KiB), *Grazer Philosophische Studien* 6:39–62.
*Smith, Barry. 1990. "Characteristica Universalis" (207 KiB), in K. Mulligan, ed., *Language, Truth and Ontology*, (Philosophical Studies Series). Kluwer: 50–81.

Categoria:Godefridus Leibnitius
Categoria:Historia notionum