Chrysanthemum

[thumb|[Historia|Historica chrysanthemorum pictura in *New International Encyclopedia* (1902).]]
[thumb|[Pollen.]]
[thumb|*[Chrysanthemum indicum.*]]
[thumb|Varii *Chrysanthemi x morifolii* [colores.]]
[thumb|*Chrysanthemum* *[bonsai* Iaponiense.]]
[thumb|[Cratera lacquerware rubri cui sunt chrysanthema et dracones sculpti domus Ming.]]
[thumb|*Chrysanthema, [lapis, avis,* tabula Coreana, saeculo undevicensimo.]]
[thumb|[Exhibitiones chrysanthemorum in multis oppidis Iaponiensibus traditionaliter celebrantur.]]
**Chrysanthemum** (Graece χρυσός 'aurum' + ἄνθεμον 'flos') est genus plantarum florentium familiae Asteracearum, quae in Asia Orientali et Europa Septentrionali Orientalique endemicae sunt. Plurimae species ex Asia Orientali exoriuntur, centro diversitatis in Sinis sito. Permultae cultivarietates hortis aptae hodie videntur.
 

Fasciculus:Flag of the Japanese Emperor.svg|Vexillum imperatoris Iaponiae
Fasciculus:Imperial Seal of Japan.jpg|Arma heraldica in *Mikasa,* navi longa Classis Imperialis Iaponiensis
Fasciculus:71st Nagoya Castle Chrysanthemum Exhibition 2018 10.jpg|Certamen chrysanthemorum Castellae Nagoya (2018)

 
## Species 
*Plants of the World Online* species sequentis mense Februario anni 2020 approbavit.
* *Chrysanthemum aphrodite* Kitam.
* *Chrysanthemum arcticum* L.
* *Chrysanthemum argyrophyllum* Ling
* *Chrysanthemum arisanense* Hayata
* *Chrysanthemum chalchingolicum* Grubov
* *Chrysanthemum chanetii* H.Lév.
* *Chrysanthemum crassum* (Kitam.) Kitam.
* *Chrysanthemum cuneifolium* Kitam.
* *Chrysanthemum daucifolium* Pers.
* *Chrysanthemum dichrum* (C.Shih) H. Ohashi & Yonek.
* *Chrysanthemum foliaceum* (G. F. Peng, C. Shih & S. Q. Zhang) J. M.Wang & Y. T.Hou
* *Chrysanthemum glabriusculum* (W.W.Sm.) Hand.-Mazz.
* *Chrysanthemum horaimontanum* Masam.
* *Chrysanthemum hypargyreum* Diels
* *Chrysanthemum indicum* L.
* *Chrysanthemum integrifolium* Richardson
* *Chrysanthemum japonicum* (Maxim.) Makino
* *Chrysanthemum* × *konoanum* Makino
* *Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium* Makino
* *Chrysanthemum leucanthum* (Makino) Makino
* *Chrysanthemum longibracteatum* (C.Shih, G.F.Peng & S.Y.Jin) J.M.Wang & Y.T.Hou
* *Chrysanthemum maximoviczii* Kom.
* *Chrysanthemum miyatojimense* Kitam.
* *Chrysanthemum* × *morifolium* (Ramat.) Hemsl.
* *Chrysanthemum morii* Hayata
* *Chrysanthemum naktongense* Nakai
* *Chrysanthemum ogawae* Kitam.
* *Chrysanthemum okiense* Kitam.
* *Chrysanthemum oreastrum* Hance
* *Chrysanthemum ornatum* Hemsl.
* *Chrysanthemum parvifolium* C. C. Chang
* *Chrysanthemum potentilloides* Hand.-Mazz.
* *Chrysanthemum rhombifolium* (Y. Ling & C. Shih) H. Ohashi & Yonek.
* *Chrysanthemum* × *rubellum* Sealy
* *Chrysanthemum* × *shimotomaii* Makino
* *Chrysanthemum sinuatum* Ledeb.
* *Chrysanthemum vestitum* (Hemsl.) Kitam.
* *Chrysanthemum yantaiense* M. Sun & J. T. Chen
* *Chrysanthemum yoshinaganthum* Makino
* *Chrysanthemum zawadskii* Herbich
* *Chrysanthemum zhuozishanense* L. Q. Zhao & Jie Yang
Species sequentes in hoc genus olim digerebantur.
* *Chrysanthemum carinatum* = *Ismelia carinata*
* *Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium* = *Tanacetum cinerariifolium*
* *Chrysanthemum coccineum* = *Tanacetum coccineum*
* *Chrysanthemum coronarium* = *Glebionis coronaria*
* *Chrysanthemum frutescens* = *Argyranthemum frutescens*
* *Chrysanthemum maximum* = *Leucanthemum maximum*
* *Chrysanthemum pacificum* = *Ajania pacifica*
* *Chrysanthemum segetum* = *Glebionis segetum*

## Pinacotheca 

Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum February 2008-2.jpg|Gemma chrysanthemi hortensis
Fasciculus:Chrysanthème tokyo.jpg|*Chrysanthemum* × *morifolium* 'Tokyo'
Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum 094557.jpg|Chrysanthemum purpureum
Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum morifolium 08NOV.jpg|*Chrysanthemum* × *morifolium* roseum
Fasciculus:Red chrysanthemum.jpg|Chrysanthemum rubrum
Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum Plant (1) 06.jpg|Chrysanthemum album
Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum 'Vesuvius'.jpg|*Chrysanthemum* × *morifolium* 'Vesuvius'
Fasciculus:Złocień Zawadzkiego P39.jpg|*Chrysanthemum zawadskii*
Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum indicum2.jpg|*Chrysanthemum indicum*
Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum japonense var ashizuriense1.jpg|*Chrysanthemum japonense* var. *ashizuriense*
Fasciculus:Beautiful Chrysanthemum.JPG|Chrysanthemum coloris pruni persicae
Fasciculus:Tiger tail mum 0004.JPG|Chrysanthemum 'Tiger Tail'
Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum leaves.JPG|Folia plantae chrysanthemi
Fasciculus:Chrysanthemum × morifolium Dompierre 1.jpg|Exhibitio chrysanthemorum

 

* *The Chrysanthemum and the Sword*
* Photoperiodismus
 
## Notae 
## Bibliographia 
* Baines, John, et Jaromir Malek. 1980. *Les Livres De France.*
* Carvalho, S. M. P., et al. 2005. "Temperature affects Chrysanthemum flower characteristics differently during three phases of the cultivation period." *Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology* 8 (2): 209–16. doi:10.1080/14620316.2005.11511919.
* Liu, P. L., et al. 2012. "Phylogeny of the genus *Chrysanthemum* L.: Evidence from single-copy nuclear gene and chloroplast DNA sequences." *PLOS One* 7 (11), e48970. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048970. Editio interretialis.
* Redford, Donald B., ed. 2001. *Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt.* American University in Cairo Press. ISBN 9774245814.
* Scopes, Nigel E. A. 1975. *Pests, diseases and nutritional disorders of chrysanthemums.* Ed. emendata. Londinii: National Chrysanthemum Society. ISBN 0901631191.
* Scopes, Nigel E. A., et Allen Langton. 1976. *Chrysanthemums: the inside story.* Londinii: National Chrysanthemum Society.
* Shaw, Ian. 2000. *Oxford History of Ancient Egypt.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-815034-2.
* Shaw, Ian, et Paul Nicholson. 1995.l *Dictionary of Ancient Egypt.* Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN 0-8109-3225-3.
* Strouhal, Eugen. 1992. *Life of the Ancient Egyptian.* University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2475-X.
* van der Ploeg, A., et E. Heuvelink. 2006. "The influence of temperature on growth and development of chrysanthemum cultivars: a review." *Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology* 81 (2): 174–82. doi:10.1080/14620316.2006.11512047.
* Zhao, Hong-Bo, Fa-Di Chen, Su-Mei Chen, Guo-Sheng Wu, et Wei-Ming Guo. 2010. "Molecular phylogeny of *Chrysanthemum,* *Ajania* and its allies (Anthemideae, Asteraceae) as inferred from nuclear ribosomal ITS and chloroplast trnL-F IGS sequences." *Plant Systematics and Evolution* 284 (3–4): 153–69. doi:10.1007/s00606-009-0242-0.
* Zhao, Hong-Bo, Z. H. Liu, X. Hu, J. L. Yin, W. Li, G. Y. Rao, X. H. Zhang, C. L. Huang, N. Anderson, Q. X. Zhang, et J. Y. Chen. 2009. "*Chrysanthemum* genetic resources and related genera of *Chrysanthemum* collected in China." *Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution* 56: 937–46. doi:10.1007/s10722-009-9412-8.

## Nexus externi 
* About.com. De chrysanthemis.
* College of Agriculture, Auburn University. De chrysanthemis.
* Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist
* Germplasm Resources Information Network. "Chrysanthemum."
* ICBN. "List of conserved genera."
* United States National Chrysanthemum Society. Situs interretialis societatis proprius.
* University of California. De tractatione aphidoideorum.


Categoria:Genera plantarum
Categoria:Holera
Categoria:Plantae medicinales
Categoria:Taxa Linnaei