Criminologia

thumb|Criminologia ad scelerum causas et formas spectat.
**Criminologia** est scientia socialis quae ad scelerum causas et formas spectat earumque studet.

Criminologiae notio primum anno 1885 in "Criminologia," libro Raphaeli Garofalo (1851-1934), adhibita est.

Scientia criminalistica est scientiae usus, ut scelera diluceantur.

## Etymologia 
**Criminologiae** nomen de verbis et Latino "crimine" 'accusatione' et Graeco *-λογία* 'res' derivat. Memento, ut plures linguae extra Latinam hodiernis vocabulum "crimen" in "scelus" convertere solent.

## Modi morum scelestorum et theoria delictorum 
Ex modis morum scelerum faciendorum derivatur theoriae delictorum, qua distinguuntur
* Elementum — sceleris partes
* Subjectum — distinguuntur homines activi et passivi
* Actio — distinguuntur onera sceleris, ut: causa, actio ipsa, eventus, obiectum; etiam absentia actionis mos scelestus "actio" significare potest
* Antiiuridicialitas (neologismus, "contra ius")
* Culpabilitas

### Delictum 
Delictum definitur actio "typica," 'extra leges, imputandum, culpabile, velut sanctionem subiecta.

## Victimologia 
Victimologia est scientia victimarum scelerum. Investigat victimae processus, gradus, praevalentia, pericula, velut effectus animi.

## Pinacotheca 

Fasciculus:PSM V52 D779 Raffaele Garofalo.jpg|Raphael Garofalo (1851-1934)

## Notae 
* Autopsia
* Falsimonia
* Sherlock Holmes
* Homicidium
* Ius criminale
* Latrocinium
* Neuroscientia
* Poena capitalis
* Poenologia
* Phrenologia
* Psychologia
* Psychopathia
* Sociologia
* Stuprum
* Vigil

## Bibliographia 
* Agnew, Robert. 2005. *Why Do Criminals Offend? A General Theory of Crime and Delinquency.* Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press.
* Barak, Gregg, ed. 1998. *Integrative criminology.* International Library of Criminology, Criminal Justice & Penology. Aldershot: Ashgate/Dartmouth. ISBN 1-84014-008-9.
* Beccaria, Cesare. 1763–1764. *Dei delitti e delle pene.*
* Blatier, Catherine. 1998, "The Specialized Jurisdiction: A Better Chance for Minors." *International Journal of Law, Policy and the Family,* 115–27.
* Bouchard, Jean-Pierre. 2013. "Can criminology be considered as a discipline in its own right?" ''L'Evolution Psychiatrique* 78: 343–49.
* Briar, S., et I. Piliavin. 1966. "Delinquency, Situational Inducements, and Commitment to Conformity." *Social Problems* 13 (3).
* Clear, T. R. 2009. *Imprisoning Communities: How Mass Incarceration Makes Disadvantaged Neighborhoods Worse.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press.
* Cohen, A. K. 1965. "The Sociology of the Deviant Act: Anomie Theory and Beyond." *American Sociological Review'' 30.
* Horning, A., et al. 2020. "Risky Business: Harlem Pimps' Work Decisions and Economic Returns." *Deviant Behavior* 21 (2): 160–85.
* Jaishankar, K., et N. Ronel. 2013. *Global Criminology: Crime and Victimization in a Globalized Era.* Boca Raton in Florida: CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group. ISBN 9781439892497.
* Katz, J. 1988. *Seductions of crime: Moral and sensual attractions in doing evil.* Novi Eboraci: Basic Books.
* Pettit, Philip, et John Braithwaite. 1990. *Not Just Deserts. A Republican Theory of Criminal Justice.* Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press ISBN 978-0-19-824056-3.
* Pontell, Henry, W. K. Black, et G. Geis. 2014. "Too big to fail, too powerful to jail? On the absence of criminal prosecutions after the 2008 financial meltdown." *Crime, Law and Social Change* 61 (1), 1–13.
* Sampson, Robert J. 2012. *Great American City: Chicago and the Enduring Neighborhood Effect.* Sicagi: University of Chicago Press.
* Wolff, Kevin, et M. T. Baglivio. 2017. "Adverse childhood experiences, negative emotionality, and pathways to juvenile recidivism." *Crime & Delinquency* 63 (12)" 1495–1521.

## Nexus externi 
* Criminologia et scientia criminalistica: quae est differentia? 
* Garofalo, Raphael. 1914. *Criminology,* liber in Anglicum conversus. 

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