Historia Israelis et Iudae

[thumb|[Tabula geographica regni Israel (caerulei) et regni Iudae (flavi), cum vicinis aetatis ferreae, saeculo nono fere a.C.n.]]
**Historia Israelis et Iudae,** regnorum antiquarum, historiam regnorum Israelis et Iudae enarrat, quae cognatae temporis aetatis ferreae in Levante antiquo politiae fuerunt. Illud parva potestas socialis et politica magni moment ante saeculum decimum a.C.n. facta est, quae ab imperio Neo-Assyriano anno 722 victa est. Hoc, regnum Iudae, meridianus regni Israelis vicinus, saeculo octavo aut nono ortum est, et deinde factum est civitas cliens primi imperii Neo-Assyriani et tum imperii Neo-Babyloniani, antequam rebellio infelix eius exstinctionem anno 586 a.C.n. praecipitavit. Babylone vicissim imperio Achaemenidarum sub Cyro Magno anno 539 a.C.n. caso, aliquot exsules Iudaei Hierosolyma redierunt, aetatem creatricem in evolutione distinctae identitatis Iudaicae in provincia Yehud Medinata initiantes.
[thumb|upright=0.8|left|[Domus Israelitica refecta, ex saeculo a decimo ad septimum a.C.n. Museum Eretz Israel Telavivi.]]

Yehod aevo Helenistico classico in dicionem regnorum Hellenisticorum quae victorias Alexandri Magi sequebantur exactum est, sed Iudaei Maccabaeis ducibus saeculo secundo a.C.n. contra imperium Seleucidarum prospere rebellantes, regnum Hasmonaeum creaverunt. Hoc, ultimum saltem nomine regnum liberum in terra Israelis libertatem gradatim amittebat, per oppugnationem Hierosolymorum anni 63 a.C.n. et victoriam Pompeii Romani, cum regnum cliens reipublicae Romanae et deinde regni Parthiae factum esset. Regnis clientibus sub domo Herodeana inauguratis, provincia Iudaea tumultibus civilibus continenter vexabatur, cuius consecutiones erant primum bellum Iudaicum gestum, templum secundum Hierosolymis destructum, atque Iudaismus rabbinicus primusque Christianismus orti. Historici Graeco-Romani nomen *Iudaeam* post rebellionem Bar Kochba anno 135 p.C.n. scribere desinierunt.

## Aeva
[thumb|[Stela Merneptah. Plurimi archaeologi biblici certas hieroglyphicas Aegyptias in *Israelem* convertunt, primum exemplum nominis *Israelis* inter instrumenta historica notum. (Aliae interpretationes exstant.)]]
*Aetas ferrea I: 1200–1000 a.C.n.
*Aetas ferrea II: 1000–586 a.C.n.
*Neo-Babylonianum: 586–539 a.C.n.
*Persicum: 539–332 a.C.n.
*Hellenisticum: 333–53 a.C.n.

Alia vocabula academica saepe videntur:
*Primum aevum templi (c. 1000–586 a.C.n.)
*Secundum aevum templi (c. 516 a.C.n.–70 p.C.n.)

*Aegyptus antiqua
*Archaeologia biblica
*Canaan
*Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae
*Diaspora Iudaica
*Hasmonaei
*Hellenismus
*Historia Israelis
*Historia Palaestinae
*Historia Romae
*Historia Iudaeorum in Aegypto
*Historia Iudaeorum in Persia
*Historia Iudaeorum in imperio Romano
*Historia Levantis
*Flavius Iosephus
*Israelites
*Iudaei
*Libanus
*Maccabaei
*Monarchia Coniuncta
*Novum Testamentum
*Phoenicia
*Pontius Pilatus
*Reges Israelis et Iudae
*Reges Iudae
*Regnum Ptolemaicum
*Sion
*Tanakh
*Titus
*Vetus Testamentum

## Notae
### Bibliographia
[thumb|[Baal, deus Canaan, saeculo a 14 ad saeculum 12 a.C.n. Museum Lupariense Lutetiae.]]
[thumb|upright=1|[Hetthaei|Imperium Hethhaeorum inter 1560 et 1300 a.C.n.]]
thumb|Exemplar Levantinae domus quattuor conclavium ex 900 fere .a.C.n.
[thumb|[Porta Ishtar Babylonis refecta.]]
[thumb|upright=0.6|Maxima [regnum Hasmonaeanum|regni Hasmonaei dicio.]]
[thumb|[Nummus|Nummi imperii Seleucidarum tempore rebellionis Maccabaeorum divulgati.]]
*Dever, William. 2017. *Beyond the Texts: An Archaeological Portrait of Ancient Israel and Judah.* SBL Press. ISBN 9780884142171. Google Books.
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*Clauss, Manfred. 1999. *Das alte Israel: Gesellschaft, Kultur.* Monaci: Verlag C. H. Beck. ISBN 3-406-44573-X.
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*Herrmann, Siegfried. 1985. *Historia de Israel en la época del antiguo testamento.* Ediciones Sígueme. ISBN 84-301-0770-3.
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*Kinet, Dirk. 2001. *Geschichte Israels.* Neue Echter Bibel, Ergänzungsband 2. Würzburg.
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## Bibliographia addita
* Avery-Peck, Alan, and Neusner, Jacob, (eds), "The Blackwell Companion to Judaism (Blackwell, 2003)
* Brettler, Marc Zvi, "The Creation of History in Ancient Israel" (Routledge, 1995), and also review at Dannyreviews.com
* Cook, Stephen L., "The social roots of biblical Yahwism" (Society of Biblical Literature, 2004)
* Day, John (ed), "In search of pre-exilic Israel: proceedings of the Oxford Old Testament Seminar" (T&T Clark International, 2004)
* Gravett, Sandra L., "An Introduction to the Hebrew Bible: A Thematic Approach" (Westminster John Knox Press, 2008)
* Grisanti, Michael A., and Howard, David M., (eds), "Giving the Sense:Understanding and Using Old Testament Historical Texts" (Kregel Publications, 2003)
* Hess, Richard S., "Israelite religions: an archaeological and biblical survey" Baker, 2007)
* Kavon, Eli, "Did the Maccabees Betray the Hanukka Revolution?", *The Jerusalem Post*, 26 December 2005
* Lemche, Neils Peter, "The Old Testament between theology and history: a critical survey" (Westminster John Knox Press, 2008)
* Levine, Lee I., "Jerusalem: portrait of the city in the second Temple period (538 B.C.E.–70 C.E.)" (Jewish Publication Society, 2002)
* Na'aman, Nadav, "Ancient Israel and its neighbours" (Eisenbrauns, 2005)
* Penchansky, David, "Twilight of the gods: polytheism in the Hebrew Bible" (Westminster John Knox Press, 2005)
* Provan, Iain William, Long, V. Philips, Longman, Tremper, "A Biblical History of Israel" (Westminster John Knox Press, 2003)
* £Russell, Stephen C., "Images of Egypt in early biblical literature" (Walter de Gruyter, 2009)
* Sparks, Kenton L., "Ethnicity and identity in ancient Israel" (Eisenbrauns, 1998)
* Stackert, Jeffrey, "Rewriting the Torah: literary revision in Deuteronomy and the holiness code" (Mohr Siebeck, 2007)
* Vanderkam, James, "An introduction to early Judaism" (Eerdmans, 2001)

Categoria:Archaeologia