Bibliotheca publica

[thumb|Utentes in praecipuo [Bibliotheca Publica Novi Eboraci|Bibliothecae Publicae Novi Eboraci aedificio legunt et student.]]
**Bibliotheca publica** est bibliotheca quae, omnibus lectoribus patens, pecuniis publicis sicut vectigalibus plerumque exercetur. Institutio est quam operantur bibliothecarii operariique professionales qui etiam servi civiles sunt.
[thumb|upright=0.8|left|[Thomas Bodley Bibliothecam Bodleianam, bibliothecam publicam, anno 1602 condidit.]]
[thumb|Aditus bibliothecae nationalis [Teheranum|Teherani in Irania.]]
[thumb|[Bibliotheca Palafoxiana Angelopoli in Mexico prima bibliothecae publica in America ab UNESCO agnoscitur, anno 1646 a Ioanne de Palafox y Mendoza condita.]]
[thumb|[Museum Britannicum anno 1751 conditum est et bibliothecam plus quam 50,000 librorum habebat.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|[Bibliotheca Załuskiana Varsoviae saeculo duodevicensimo medio aedificata est.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|[Andreas Carnegie partes magni momenti in historia bibliothecarum publicarum in mundo angloloquente egit.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|Bibliotheca municipalis [Pragae.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|Aula Bates, principale conclave legendi in [Bibliotheca Publica Bostoniensis|Bibliotheca Publica Bostoniensi.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|*Edit-a-thon* [vicipaediae Anglicae die 9 Decembris 2017 in BLI:B, public library Forest, in xysto Van Volxem 364 Bruxellis 1190.]]
[thumb|upright=0.8|Bibliotheca [equus|equina.]]

Bibliothecis publicis sunt quinque proprietates fundamentales: vectigalibus sustinentur (plerumque ipsius loci, quamquam ullus rectionis gradus contribuere potest); a consilio administrantur ut rebus publicis faveant; omnibus patent, et quisque socius communitatis collectioni admitti potest; omnino voluntariae sunt, et nemo ad utilitatem ex eis capiendam compelli potest; atque officia fundamentalia sine impensá praebent.

Bibliothecae publicae in multis civitatibus inveniuntur, ubi necessaria multitudinis educatae litterataeque pars saepe habentur. Bibliothecae publicae a bibliothecis investigationis, bibliothecis scholasticis, aliisque bibliothecis praecipuis distinctae sunt, quia earum propositum est data omnibus, potius quam certis scholis, institutionibus, multitudiníve investigatoriae, praebere. Etiam officia libere praebent, sicut praescholasticas fabularum horas ad alphabetismum inter puerulis cohortandum, locos tacitos studii laborisque discipulis et hominibus professionalibus, ac sodalitates librorum ad amorem litterarum in adultis alendum. Bibliothecae publicae usitate sinunt ut utentes libros aliasque materias mutuentur, eas ex praedio transferentes; praeterea collectiones referentiae quae in usum non veniunt habent, atque accessum ad computatra et interrete utentibus praebent.

## Historia prima
Bibliotheca Malatestiana, prima bibliotheca a civitate operata, Caesenae in Italia anno 1447 constituta, textus ambo religiosas profanasque Latine, Graece, Hebraice scriptas suppeditabat, omnibusque omnino patebat.

Claudius Sallier, clericus et philologus Francicus, bibliothecam publicam Sedoloci, in oppido comitatus Burgundae et Liberi, ab anno 1737 ad annum 1750 operabatur.

Iosephus Andreas Zaluscius et Andreas Stanislaus Zaluscius, fratres episcopique Catholici, Bibliothecam Zaluscianam Varsoviae ab 1747 ad 1795 operabantur, quae bibliotheca omnibus patebat et prima bibliotheca publica Polonica fuit, maxima quoque in Polonia, atque una ex primis bibliothecis publicis in Europa constitutis.

*Artotheca
*Bibliotheca librorum rarorum
*Bibliotheca nationalis
*Bibliotheca Publica Bostoniensis
*Pinacotheca

## Notae
## Bibliographia
*Barnett, Graham Keith. 1973. *The History of Public Libraries in France from the Revolution to 1939.*
*Bill, Katz. 1995. ''Dahl's History Of The Book, No. 2.* Metuchen Novae Caesareae: Scarecrow Press.
*Dewey, M. 1901. *Field and Future of Traveling Libraries.* Novi Eboraci: NY Library System.
*Harris, Michael H. 1999. *History of Libraries of the Western World.* Ed. 4a. Scarecrow Press.
*McCook, Kathleen de la Peña, J. Bossaller, et F. Thomas. 2018. *Introduction to Public Librarianship.* Ed. 3a. Sicagi: ALA Editions.
*Raphael, Molly. 2009. "The Transformational Power of Libraries in Tough Economic Times." *Library Leadership & Management* 23 (3): 106-51.
*Rubin, Richard E. 2010. *Foundations of Library and Information Science.* Ed. 3a. Novi Eboraci: Neal-Schuman Publishers: New York.
*Wedgeworth, Robert, et al., eds. 1993. *World Encyclopedia of Library and Information Services.* Ed. 3a. American Library Association. ISBN 9780838906095. Google Books.
*Worpole, Ken. 2013. *Contemporary Library Architecture: A Planning and Design Guide.* Routledge.

### In Britannia
*Black, Alistair. 2000. "Skeleton in the cupboard: social class and the public library in Britain through 150 years." *Library History* 16 (1): 3-12. Abstractum.
*Charing, S. 1995. "Self-Help v State Intervention: the 1850 Public Library Act as a Reflection of Mid-Victorian Doctrine." *Australian Library Journal* 44 (1): 47–54.
*Hayes, Emma, et Anne Morris. 2005. "Leisure role of public libraries A historical perspective." *Journal of librarianship and information science* 37 (2): 75-81. Abstractum.
*Hoare, P., ed. 2006. *Cambridge History of Libraries in Britain and Ireland.* Cantabrigiae: (Cambridge University Press.
*Kelly, Thomas. 1966. *Early Public Libraries: a history of public libraries in Great Britain before 1850.* Londinii: Library Association.
*Kelly, Thomas. 1973. *History of Public Libraries in Great Britain 1845–1965.* Londinii: Library Association. 
*Kelly, T., et E. Kelly. 1977. *Books for the People: an illustrated history of the British Public Library.* Londinii: Andre Deutsch.
*McMenemy, D. 2009. *The Public Library.* Londinii: FACET. 
*Minto, J. 1932. *History of the Public Library Movement in Great Britain and Ireland.* Londinii: Library Association.
*Munford, William Arthur. 1951. *Penny rate: aspects of British public library history, 1850–1950.* Londinii: Library association.
*Murison, W. J. 1971. *The Public Library: its origins, purpose and significance.* Ed. 2a. Londinii: Harrap
*Overington, Michael A. 1969. *The Subject Departmentalized Public Library*. Londinii: The Library Association.
*Stockham, K. A., ed. 1969. *British County Libraries: 1919–1969.* Londinii: André Deutsch. 
*Sturges, P. 1996. "Conceptualizing the public library 1850–1919." In *Continuity and Innovation in the Public Library: the Development of a Social Institution,* ed. M. Kinnell et P. Sturges. (Londinii: Library Association.

### Historiographia
*Harris, Michael H. 1967. "Library history: a critical essay on the in-print literature." *Journal of Library History* (1967): 117–25. JSTOR.
*Brescia, Michael K. 2004. "Liturgical Expressions of Episcopal Power: Juan de Palafox y Mendoza and Tridentine Reform in Colonial Mexico." *The Catholic Historical Review* 90, no.3 (Iulius): 497–518. doi:10.1353/cat.2004.0116. JSTOR 25026636. Res contentae.

## Nexus externi
*SDStaff Dex pro Cecil Adams. 2006. "How did public libraries get started?" *The Straight Dope,'' 17 Ianuarii.
*"Stimulating Growth and Renewal of Public Libraries: The Natural Life Cycle as Framework."
*"Seminar in Public Libraries."