Algorithmus

:*Haec pagina agit de methodo mathematica; de viro mathematico vide Algorismus
[thumb|Diagramma [Ada Lovelace|Adae Lovelace ex "note G," primus algorithmus computatorius in luce [prolatus.]]
[thumb|[Diagramma fluxus|Diagrammata fluxūs saepe adhibentur ad algorithmos inlustrandos.]]

**Algorithmus** in mathematica et informatica est finita praeceptorum durorum series quae ad classem certorum problematum datorum solvendam aut ad computationes efficiendas usitate adhibetur, plerumque pro elementis calculationum et rationum datorum exsequendis. Algorithmi impeditiores deductiones automatarias efficere possunt, atque examina mathematica et logica ad exsecutionem codicum per vias varias deducendam adhibere possunt, proprietatibus humanis ad machinas describendas modis metaphoricis iam ab Alano Turing vocabulis *memoria,* *investigatio* (Anglice *search*), et *stimulus* explicatis utens.

## Etymologia 
Algorithmi nomen haud est aliud ac Arabicum *al-Ḫwarizmi* (الخوارزمي) in Latinum conversum, nomen proprium cuiusdam mathematici et astronomi ex Persia exorti. Qui anno circiter 825 librum (nunc deperditum) scripsit de usu numerorum Indicorum, quos nunc numeros Arabicos appellamus. Hoc opus, anno 1143 ab Adelardo Bathensi aut Roberto Castrensi versum Latine (cui versioni Balthasar Boncompagni anno 1857 titulum *Algoritmi de numero Indorum* dedit), apud Europaeos notitiam et usum numerorum Arabicorum introduxit. Nomen auctoris Latinum tamen mox pro nomine ipsius rationis computandi ab eo descriptae habitum est. Recentior eius nominis usus cum *th* scripto fortasse attribuendus est ad suspicionem falsam cognationis cum nomine Graeco  (*arithmos''), i.e. 'numerus'.

## Notae 
* Algebra
* Algorismus
* Algorithmus Euclidis
* Algorithmus geneticus
* Analysis numerica
* Cribrum Eratosthenis
* Lingua programmandi
* Machina Turing
* Mathematica discreta
* Methodologia
* Structura datorum
* Systema digitale
* Theoria facultatis calculandi

## Bibliographia 
* Bellah, Robert Neelly. 1985. *Habits of the Heart: Individualism and Commitment in American Life.* Berkeleiae: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-25419-0. Google Books.
* Berlinski, David. 2001. *The Advent of the Algorithm: The 300-Year Journey from an Idea to the Computer.* Harvest Books. ISBN 978-0-15-601391-8. Archivum.
* Bleakley, Chris. 2020. *Poems that Solve Puzzles: The History and Science of Algorithms.* Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-885373-2. Google Books.
* Chabert, Jean-Luc. 1999. *A History of Algorithms: From the Pebble to the Microchip.* Springer Verlag. ISBN 978-3-540-63369-3.
* Corman, Thomas H., Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, et Clifford Stein. 2009. *Introduction To Algorithms,* ed. tertia. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-03384-8.
* Harel, David, et Yishai Feldman. 2004. *Algorithmics: The Spirit of Computing.* Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0-321-11784-7.
* Hertzke, Allen D., et Chris McRorie. 1998. "The Concept of Moral Ecology." In *Community and Political Thought Today,* ed. Peter Augustine Lawler et Dale McConkey. Westport, CT: Praeger.
* Knuth, Donald E. 2000. *Selected Papers on Analysis of Algorithms.* Stanfordiae: Center for the Study of Language and Information.
* Knuth, Donald E. 2010. *Selected Papers on Design of Algorithms.* Stanfordiae: Center for the Study of Language and Information.
* Wallach, Wendell, et Colin Allen. 2008]. *Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right from Wrong.* Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-537404-9.

## Nexus externi 

Categoria:Informatica
Categoria:Verba Arabica mutuata