Gladiolus

[thumb|*[Gladiolus italicus.*]]

***Gladiolus*** (a *gladio*) est genus perennium cormosarumque plantarum florentium familiae Iridacearum. Plantae huius generis in Asia, Europa Mediterranea, Africa Australi, et Africa tropica inveniuntur. Centrum diversitatis in Regione Floristica Capitis est. Genera *Acidanthera,* *Anomalesia,* *Homoglossum,* et *Oenostachys,* olim distincta habita, nunc inter *Gladiolos* digeruntur.
 
## Species
[thumb|*[Gladiolus alatus*, Clanwilliam, RSA.]]
[thumb|*[Gladiolus cardinalis* ex ''Curtis's Botanical Magazine,* 1790.]]
[thumb|*[Gladiolus undulatus* ex *Curtis's Botanical Magazine,* 1801.]]
thumb|*Gladiolus* hybrida gregis Grandiflori.
[thumb|*[Gladiolus imbricatus.*]]
thumb|*Gladiolus* × *hortulanus.*
[thumb|*[Gladiolus carneus.*]]
[thumb|*Gladiolus* × *hortulanus'' 'Priscilla' in [lux|luce visibili (summa parte), ultraviolacea (duces nectaris monstrans), et infrarubra {ima parte) photographatus.]]
Generi *Gladiolo* sunt 300 fere species. "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families" plus quam 276 species anno 1988 perscripsit, et 300 species mense Februario 2017 agnoscebat, quarum 260 in Africa austrina et 76 in Africa tropica endemicae sunt. Circa decem species in Eurasia ortae sunt.

Genus *Gladiolus* in multas sectiones dividitur; plurimae autem harum collocationes tentantes sunt.

* *Gladiolus abbreviatus* Andrews
* *Gladiolus abyssinicus* (Brongn. ex Lem.) B.D.Jacks.
* *Gladiolus actinomorphanthus* P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal
* *Gladiolus acuminatus* F.Bolus
* *Gladiolus aequinoctialis* Herb.
* *Gladiolus alatus* L. (sect. Hebea)
* *Gladiolus albens* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus amplifolius* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus anatolicus* (Boiss.) Stapf
* *Gladiolus andringitrae* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus angustus* L. (sect. Blandus)
* *Gladiolus antakiensis* A.P.Ham.
* *Gladiolus antandroyi* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus appendiculatus* G.Lewis
* *Gladiolus aquamontanus* Goldblatt & Vlok
* *Gladiolus arcuatus* Klatt
* *Gladiolus atropictus* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus atropurpureus* Baker
* *Gladiolus atroviolaceus* Boiss.
* *Gladiolus attilae* Kit Tan
* *Gladiolus aurantiacus* Klatt
* *Gladiolus aureus* Baker
* *Gladiolus balensis* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus baumii* Harms
* *Gladiolus bellus* C. H. Wright
* *Gladiolus benguellensis* Baker (sect. Ophiolyza)
* *Gladiolus bilineatus* G. J. Lewis
* *Gladiolus blommesteinii* L.Bolus
* *Gladiolus bojeri* (Baker) Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus bonaespei* Goldblatt & M.P.de Vos
* *Gladiolus boranensis* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus brachyphyllus* Bolus f.
* *Gladiolus brevifolius* Jacq. (sect. Linearifolius)
* *Gladiolus brevitubus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus buckerveldii* (L. Bolus) Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus bullatus* Thunb. ex G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus caeruleus* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus calcaratus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus calcicola* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus canaliculatus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus candidus* (Rendle) Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus cardinalis* Curtis (sect. Blandus)
* *Gladiolus carinatus* Aiton
* *Gladiolus carmineus* C. H. Wright (sect. Blandus)
* *Gladiolus carneus* F.Delaroche (sect. Blandus)
* *Gladiolus caryophyllaceus* (Burm. f.) Poiret
* *Gladiolus cataractarum* Oberm.
* *Gladiolus caucasicus* Herb.
* *Gladiolus ceresianus* L. Bolus
* *Gladiolus chelamontanus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus chevalierianus* Marais
* *Gladiolus communis* L. (sect. Gladiolus) – common cornflag, (species typica)
* *Gladiolus comptonii* G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus crassifolius* Baker
* *Gladiolus crispulatus* L. Bolus
* *Gladiolus cruentus* T. Moore (sect. Ophiolyza)
* *Gladiolus cunonius* (L.) Gaertn.
* *Gladiolus curtifolius* Marais
* *Gladiolus curtilimbus* P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal ex S.Córdova
* *Gladiolus cylindraceus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus dalenii*  (sect. Ophiolyza)
* *Gladiolus davisoniae* F.Bolus
* *Gladiolus debeerstii* De Wild.
* *Gladiolus debilis* Ker Gawler (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus decaryi* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus decoratus* Baker
* *Gladiolus delpierrei* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus densiflorus* Baker
* *Gladiolus deserticola* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus dichrous* (Bullock) Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus diluvialis* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
**Gladiolus dolichosiphon* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus dolomiticus* Oberm.
* *Gladiolus dzavakheticus* Eristavi
* *Gladiolus ecklonii* Lehm.
* *Gladiolus elliotii* Baker (sect. Ophiolyza)
* *Gladiolus emiliae* L. Bolus
* *Gladiolus engysiphon* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus equitans* Thunb. (sect. Hebea)
* *Gladiolus erectiflorus* Baker
* *Gladiolus exiguus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus exilis* G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus fenestratus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus ferrugineus* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus filiformis* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus flanaganii* Baker
* *Gladiolus flavoviridis* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus floribundus* Jacq.
* *Gladiolus fourcadei* (L.Bolus) Goldblatt & M.P.de Vos
* *Gladiolus geardii* L. Bolus
* *Gladiolus goldblattianus* Geerinck
* *Gladiolus gracilis* Jacq. (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus gracillimus* Baker
* *Gladiolus grandiflorus* Andrews (sect. Blandus)
* *Gladiolus grantii* Baker
* *Gladiolus gregarius* Welw. ex Baker (sect. Densiflorus)
* *Gladiolus griseus* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus gueinzii* Kunze
* *Gladiolus gunnisii* (Rendle) Marais
* *Gladiolus guthriei* F. Bol. (sect. Linearifolius)
* *Gladiolus hajastanicus* Gabrieljan
* *Gladiolus halophilus* Boiss. & Heldr.
* *Gladiolus harmsianus* Vaupel
* *Gladiolus hirsutus* Jacq. (sect. Linearifolius)
* *Gladiolus hollandii* L. Bolus
* *Gladiolus horombensis* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus huillensis* (Welw. ex Baker) Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus humilis* Stapf
* *Gladiolus huttonii* (N.E.Br.) Goldblatt & M.P.de Vos
* *Gladiolus hyalinus* Jacq.
* *Gladiolus illyricus* W.D.J.Koch
* *Gladiolus imbricatus* L.
* *Gladiolus inandensis* Baker
* *Gladiolus inflatus* Thunb.
* *Gladiolus inflexus* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus insolens* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus intonsus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus invenustus* G. J. Lewis
* *Gladiolus involutus* D.Delaroche (sect. Hebea)
* *Gladiolus iroensis* (A. Chev.) Marais
* *Gladiolus italicus* P. Mill. (sect. Gladiolus)
* *Gladiolus jonquilodorus* Eckl. ex G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus juncifolius* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus kamiesbergensis* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus karooicus* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus kotschyanus* Boiss.
* *Gladiolus lapeirousioides* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus laxiflorus* Baker
* *Gladiolus ledoctei* P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal
* *Gladiolus leonensis* Marais
* *Gladiolus leptosiphon* Bolus f.
* *Gladiolus liliaceus* Houtt. (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus linearifolius* Vaupel
* *Gladiolus lithicola* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus longicollis* Baker (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus longispathaceus* Cufod.
* *Gladiolus loteniensis* Hilliard & Burtt
* *Gladiolus lundaensis* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus luteus* Lam.
* *Gladiolus macneilii* Oberm.
* *Gladiolus maculatus* Sweet
* *Gladiolus magnificus* (Harms) Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus malvinus* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus manikaensis* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus mariae* van der Burgt
* *Gladiolus marlothii* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus martleyi* L. Bolus (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus meliusculus* (G. Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus melleri* Baker (sect. Ophiolyza)
* *Gladiolus menitskyi* Gabrieljan
* *Gladiolus mensensis* (Schweinf.) Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus meridionalis* G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus metallicola* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus micranthus* Baker, 1901
* *Gladiolus microcarpus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus microspicatus* P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal ex S.Córdova
* *Gladiolus miniatus* Eckl.
* *Gladiolus mirus* Vaupel
* *Gladiolus monticola* G. Lewis ex Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus mosambicensis* Baker
* *Gladiolus mostertiae* L. Bolus
* *Gladiolus muenzneri* F. Vaup
* *Gladiolus murgusicus* Mikheev
* *Gladiolus murielae* Kelway (syn. *G.&nbsp;callianthus*)
* *Gladiolus mutabilis* G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus negeliensis* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus nerineoides* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus nigromontanus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus nyasicus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus oatesii* Rolfe
* *Gladiolus ochroleucus* Baker (sect. Densiflorus)
* *Gladiolus oliganthus* Baker
* *Gladiolus oligophlebius* Baker
* *Gladiolus oppositiflorus* Herbert (sect. Ophiolyza)
* *Gladiolus orchidiflorus* Andrews (sect. Hebea)
* *Gladiolus oreocharis* Schltr.
* *Gladiolus ornatus* Klatt
* *Gladiolus overbergensis* Goldblatt & M.P.de Vos
* *Gladiolus palustris* Gaudin
* *Gladiolus papilio* Hook. f. (sect. Densiflorus)
* *Gladiolus pappei* Baker (sect. Blandus)
* *Gladiolus pardalinus* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus parvulus* Schltr.
* *Gladiolus patersoniae* Bolus f.
* *Gladiolus pauciflorus* Baker ex Oliv.
* *Gladiolus pavonia* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus permeabilis* Delaroche (sect. Hebea)
* *Gladiolus perrieri* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus persicus* Boiss.
* *Gladiolus phoenix* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus pole-evansii* Verd.
* *Gladiolus praecostatus* Marais
* *Gladiolus pretoriensis* Kuntze
* *Gladiolus priorii* (N. E. Br.) Goldblatt & De Vos
* *Gladiolus pritzelii* Diels
* *Gladiolus puberulus* Vaupel
* *Gladiolus pubigerus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus pulcherrimus* (G. Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus pungens* P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal ex S.Córdova
* *Gladiolus pusillus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus quadrangularis* (Burm. f.) Ker Gawler
* *Gladiolus quadrangulus* (Delaroche) Barnard
* *Gladiolus recurvus* L. (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus reginae* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus rehmannii* Baker
* *Gladiolus rhodanthus* J.C.Manning & Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus richardsiae* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus robertsoniae* Bolus f.
* *Gladiolus robiliartianus* P.A.Duvign.
* *Gladiolus rogersii* Baker
* *Gladiolus roseolus* Chiov.
* *Gladiolus roseovenosus* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus rubellus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus rudis* Lichtst. ex Roem. & Schult.
* *Gladiolus rufomarginatus* G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus rupicola* F. Vaupel
* *Gladiolus saccatus* (Klatt) Goldblatt & M.P. de Vos
* *Gladiolus salmoneicolor* P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal ex S.Córdova
* *Gladiolus salteri* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus saundersii* Hook. f.
* *Gladiolus saxatilis* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus scabridus* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus schweinfurthii* Baker
* *Gladiolus scullyi* Baker
* *Gladiolus sekukuniensis* P.J.D.Winter
* *Gladiolus sempervirens* G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus serapiiflorus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus serenjensis* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus sericeovillosus* Hook. f.
* *Gladiolus serpenticola* Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus somalensis* Goldblatt & Thulin
* *Gladiolus speciosus* Thunb.
* *Gladiolus splendens* (Sweet) Herbert
* *Gladiolus stefaniae* Oberm.
* *Gladiolus stellatus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus stenolobus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus stenosiphon* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus stokoei* G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus subcaeruleus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus sudanicus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus sufflavus* (G. Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C. Manning
* *Gladiolus sulculatus* Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus symonsii* F.Bolus
* *Gladiolus szovitsii* Grossh.
* *Gladiolus taubertianus* Schltr.
* *Gladiolus tenuis* M. Bieb.
* *Gladiolus teretifolius* Goldblatt & De Vos
* *Gladiolus trichonemifolius* Ker Gawl. (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus triphyllus* (Sm.) Ker Gawl.
* *Gladiolus tristis* L. (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus tshombeanus* P.A.Duvign. & Van Bockstal
* *Gladiolus uitenhagensis* Goldblatt & Vlok
* *Gladiolus undulatus* L. (sect. Blandus)
* *Gladiolus unguiculatus* Baker
* *Gladiolus usambarensis* Marais ex Goldblatt
* *Gladiolus uysiae* L. Bolus ex G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus vaginatus* Bolus f. (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus vandermerwei* (L. Bolus) Goldblatt & De Vos
* *Gladiolus variegatus* (G.J.Lewis) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus varius* Bolus f.
* *Gladiolus velutinus* De Wild.
* *Gladiolus venustus* G. Lewis (sect. Hebea)
* *Gladiolus verdickii* De Wild. & T.Durand
* *Gladiolus vernus* Oberm.
* *Gladiolus vigilans* Barnard
* *Gladiolus vinosomaculatus* Kies
* *Gladiolus violaceolineatus* G.J.Lewis
* *Gladiolus virescens* Thunb. (sect. Hebea)
* *Gladiolus virgatus* Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus viridiflorus* G. Lewis
* *Gladiolus watermeyeri* L.Bolus (sect. Hebea)
* *Gladiolus watsonioides* Baker
* *Gladiolus watsonius* Thunb. (sect. Homoglossum)
* *Gladiolus wilsonii* (Baker) Goldblatt & J.C.Manning
* *Gladiolus woodii* Baker
* *Gladiolus zambesiacus* Baker
* *Gladiolus zimbabweensis* Goldblatt

 
Inter hybridas sunt:
* *Gladiolus* × *colvillii* (*G.&nbsp;cardinalis* × *G.&nbsp;tristis*): Colville's gladiolus
* *Gladiolus* × *gandavensis* (*G.&nbsp;dalenii* × *G.&nbsp;oppositiflorus*) (sect. Ophiolyza)
* *Gladiolus* × *hortulanus*

## *Gladiolus* in arte

Fasciculus:Vincent Willem van Gogh 124.jpg|*Vas cum gladiolis rubris* (1886), Vincentius van Gogh.
Fasciculus:Ph Ernst (201).JPG|*Gladiole,* Philippi Ernst

## Notae
## Bibliographia
* Delpierre, G. R., et N. M. du Plessis. 1974. *The winter-growing Gladioli of Southern Africa.* Tafelberg-Uitgewers Beperk.
* Goldblatt, Peter. 1996. *A monograph of the genus *Gladiolus* in tropical Africa (83 species).* Timber Press
* Goldblatt, Peter, et J. C. Manning. 1998. Gladiolus *in southern Africa: Systematics, Biology, and Evolution, including 144 watercolor paintings.* Cape Town: Fernwood Press.
* Lewis, G. Joyce, A. Amelia Obermeyer, cum T. T. Bernard. 1972. *Gladiolus; a revision of the South African.* Cape Town et Novi Eboraci: Purnell. ISBN 0360001556.
* Park, Ron.1976. ''A handbook of the world's gladioli.* Praefatio Anthony Hamilton. Shepperton: De Be Miniglads. ISBN 0950524603.
 
## Nexus externi
* Taxinomia *Gladioli'' in GBIF Biodiversity Data Portal.
 
Categoria:Genera plantarum

Categoria:Iridaceae
Categoria:Plantae hortenses
Categoria:Taxa Linnaei