Rallidae

**Rallidae** sunt magna parvarum mediarumve avium familia cosmopolitana, quae gravem biodiversitatem praestat. Multae familiae species terra humida utuntur, quamquam familia in omnibus habitationibus terrestrialibus praeter regiones desertas, polares, et alpinas supra finem nivium habitat.

[thumb|left|upright|*[Porphyrio hochstetteri* a tergo]]

Rallidae in omne continenti praeter Antarcticam inveniuntur, et sunt in insulis multae species. Communissimae habitationes sunt paludes et silvae densae. Rallidae praecipue sunt confertarum herbarum cupidae. 

## Genera 
### Genera viva 
[thumb|*[Rallina fasciata*]]
[thumb|*[Rallus aquaticus*]]
[thumb|*[Porzana porzana*]]
[thumb|*[Gallinula tenebrosa*]]
* *Himanthornis*
* *Sarothrura* (9 species)
* *Canirallus* (2 species)
* *Coturnicops* (3 species)
* *Micropygia*
* *Rallina* (8 species)
* *Anurolimnas* (3 species)
* *Atlantisia*
* *Laterallus* (10 species)
* *Nesoclopeus* (1 species vuva, 1 recentius exstincta)
* *Gallirallus* (11-12 species vivae, 3-5 recentius exstinctae; vide *Gallirallus vekamatolu*)
* *Rallus* (circa 9 species)
* *Lewinia* (3 species; aliquando inter *Rallum* habitae)
* *Dryolimnas* (1 species viva, 1 recentius exstincta)
* *Crecopsis* (aliquando inter *Creces* habita)
* *Crex*
* *Rougetius*
* *Aramidopsis*
* *Aramides* (8-9 species vivae, fortasse 1 recentius exstincta)
* *Amaurolimnas*
* *Gymnocrex* (3 species)
* *Amaurornis* (9 species)
* *Porzana* (13 species vivae, inter quas *Porzana cinerea,* 4-5 recentius exstinctae)
* *Aenigmatolimnas*
* *Cyanolimnas*
* *Neocrex* (2 species)
* *Pardirallus* (3 species)
* *Eulabeornis*
* *Habroptila*
* *Megacrex*
* *Gallicrex*
* *Porphyrio* (6 species vivae, 2-5 recentius exstinctae; *Notornem* et *Porphyrulaa* comprehendit)
* *Gallinula* (7-9 species vivae, 1-3 recentius exstinctae; *Edithornem* et *Pareudiasten* comprehendit)
* *Fulica* (circa 10 species vivae, 1 recentius exstincta) 

### Genera recentius exstincta 
* Genus *Nesotrochis* (3 species; exstinctae temporibus praehistoricis vel recentius)
** *Nesotrochis debooyi* (Portus Ricus et Insulae Virginis) - may have survived until historic times Auk55:51
** *Nesotrochis steganinos* (Haitium, Indi Occidentales) - praehistorica
** *Nesotrochis picapicensis* (Cuba, Indi Occidentales) - prehistoric
* Genus *Diaphorapteryx* (exstincta saeculo 19)
* Genus *Aphanapteryx* (2 species; extinctae medio saeculo 18)
* Genus *Cabalus* (aliquando inter *Gallirallos* habitus; exstinctus circa 1900)
* Genus *Mundia* (olim inter *Atlantisias* comprehensa; saeculo 17 exeunte)
* Genus *Aphanocrex* (olim inter *Atlantisias* comprehensa; exstincta saeculo 16) 

### Extinctiones Aevi Quaternarii Recentioris 
* Genus *Capellirallus*
* Genus *Vitirallus*
* Genus *Hovacrex*

## Notae 
## Bibliographia 
* Ballmann, Peter. 1969. "Les Oiseaux miocènes de la Grive-Saint-Alban (Isère)." *Geobios* 2:157–204. doi|10.1016/S0016–6995(69)80005–7.
* BirdLife International. 2007 Wake Island Rail BirdLife Species Factsheet. Accessum 4 Iulii 2007.
* Boles, Walter E. 2005. "A New Flightless Gallinule (Aves: Rallidae: *Gallinula*) from the Oligo-Miocene of Riversleigh, Northwestern Queensland, Australia." *Records of the Australian Museum* 57(2):179–190. ODF textum
* Gál, Erika, János Hir, Eugén Kessler, et József Kókay. 1998]–1999. "Középsõ-miocén õsmaradványok, a Mátraszõlõs, Rákóczi-kápolna alatti útbevágásból. I. A Mátraszõlõs 1. lelõhely." *Folia Historico Naturalia Musei Matraensis* 23:33-78. PDF textum
* Horsfall, Joseph A., et Robert Robinson. 2003. "Rails." In *Firefly Encyclopedia of Birds,* ed. Christopher Perrins. Firefly Books.
* Hugueney, Marguerite, Didier Berthet, Anne-Marie Bodergat, François Escuillié, Cécile Mourer-Chauviré, et Aurélia Wattinne. 2003. "La limite Oligocène-Miocène en Limagne: changements fauniques chez les mammifères, oiseaux et ostracodes des différents niveaux de Billy-Créchy (Allier, France)." *Geobios* 36(6):719–731. doi|10.1016/j.geobios.2003.01.002
* McNab, B. K. 1994. "Energy conservation and the evolution of flightlessness in birds." *American Naturalist* 144(4):628–642. [HTML abstractum et imago paginae primae](http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0003-0147(199410)144:4%3C628:ECATEO%3E2.0.CO;2-D)
* McNab, B. K. et H. I. Ellis. 2006. "Flightless rails endemic to islands have lower energy expenditures and clutch sizes than flighted rails on islands and continents." *Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A - Molecular & Integrative Physiology* 145(3):295-311. doi|doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.02.025.
* Mlíkovský, Jirí. 2002. *Cenozoic Birds of the World, Part 1: Europe*. Pragae: Ninox Press. PDF textum
* Olson, Storrs L. 1985. "Section X.D.2.b. Scolopacidae." *Avian Biology* 8:174–175, ed. D. S. Farner, J. R. King, et Kenneth C. Parkes. Novi Eboraci: Academic Press.
* Slikas, B., Storrs L. Olson, et R. C. Fleischer. 2002. Rapid, independent evolution of flightlessness in four species of Pacific Island rails (Rallidae): an analysis based on mitochondrial sequence data." *Journal of Avian Biology* 33(1):5–14. doi|10.1034/j.1600-048X.2002.330103.x
* Steadman, David William. 2006, *Extinction and Biogeography of Tropical Pacific Birds.* Sicagi: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-77142-3.
* Worthy, Trevor H., A. J. D. Tennyson, C. Jones, J. A. McNamara, et B. J. Douglas. 2007. "Miocene waterfowl and other birds from central Otago, New Zealand." *Journal of Systematic Palaeontology* 5(1):1–39. doi|10.1017/S1477201906001957.

## Nexus externi 
Categoria:Familiae animalium
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Categoria:Taxa Vigors
Categoria:Taxa 1825