Parnassius apollo

thumb|*Parnassius apollo.*
***Parnassius apollo*** est papilio subfamiliae Parnassiinarum familiae Papilionidarum. Species ob traditionem classicam ex Apollone, uno e duodecim deis Olympicis, appellatur.

## Subspecies
Inter subspecies sunt:

* *Parnassius apollo apollo*  L.
* *Parnassius apollo alpherakyi*  Krulikowsky, 1906
* *Parnassius apollo bartholomaeus* Stichel, 1899
* *Parnassius apollo democratus* Kulikowsky, 1906
* *Parnassius apollo filabricus* Sagarra, 1933 
* *Parnassius apollo gadorensis* Rougeot & Capdeville, 1969 (Sierra de Gádor). Exstincta.
* *Parnassius apollo geminus* Schawerda, 1907
* *Parnassius apollo graecus* Ziegler, 1901
* *Parnassius apollo hesebolus* Nordmann, 1851
* *Parnassius apollo hispanicus* Oberthür, 1909 (Hispania media)
* *Parnassius apollo limicola*'* Stichel, 1906
* *Parnassius apollo merzbacheri* Fruhstorfer, 1906
* *Parnassius apollo nevadensis* Oberthür, 1891 (Serra Nivata)
* *Parnassius apollo provincialis* Kheil, 1905
* *Parnassius apollo pyrenaica* Harcourt-Bath, 1896
* *Parnassius apollo rhodopensis* Markowitsch, 1910 (Graecia, Balcaniae)
* *Parnassius apollo rhaeticus* Fruhstorfer, 1906
* *Parnassius apollo rhea* (Poda, 1761)
* *Parnassius apollo rubidus* Fruhstorfer, 1906
* *Parnassius apollo sibiricus* Nordmann, 1851
* *Parnassius apollo sicilae* Oberthür, 1891
* *Parnassius apollo valesiacus* Fruhstorfer, 1906
* *Parnassius apollo vinningensis* Stichel, 1899 (Mosella Germaniae)

[thumb|[Habitatio *Parnassii apollonis* in La Thuile, loco IItalico, circiter 2700 metra super aequore maris.]]

Haec species colles et alpina continentalium Europae montium prata pascuaque florentia in Hispania, Scandinavia, Europaque Media, in Balcaniis ad Graeciam septentrionalem, atque in Alpibus inter Italiam et Franciam petit. Invenitur etiam in nonnullis regionibus Asiae Mediae (Iacutia). Eius habitatio a 400 metris super aequor maris usque ad 2300 metra patet, sed loca supra 1000 metra praeponit.

## Pinacotheca

Parnassius apollo MHNT CUT 2013 3 3female Aragnouet dos.jpg|Femina.
Parnassius apollo MHNT CUT 2013 3 3 female Aragnouet ventre.jpg|Femina, latus inferius.
Parnassius apollo MHNT CUT 2013 3 3 male Porté-Puymorens dos.jpg|Mas.
Parnassius apollo MHNT CUT 2013 3 3 male Porté-Puymorens ventre.jpg|Mas, latus inferius.

Fetum unum in anno habet. Adulti a Maio mense ad Septembrem volant,

[thumb|[Volatus|Volans.]]

*Apollo

## Notae
## Bibliographia
*Ackery, P. R. 1973. A list of the type-specimens of Parnassius (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in the British Museum (Natural History). *Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology)* 29(1):1—35, 1 pl. interretialis.
*Capdeville, Pierre. 1978–1980. *Les races géographiques de Parnassius apollo. Sciences Nat, Venette.
*Dolek, M., et A. Geyer. 2002. Conserving biodiversity on calcareous grasslands in the Franconian Jura by grazing: a comprehensive approach. *Biological Conservation* 104:351–60. doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(01)00200-2.
*Mérit, Xavier, et Véronique Mérit. 2006. Les *Parnassius* de France. *Bulletin des Lépidoptéristes parisiens* 15(33). Lutetae.
*Möhn, Edwin. 2005 *Schmetterlinge der Erde, Butterflies of the world.* Pars 23, Papilionidae; XII. Parnassius apollo. Ed. Erich Bauer et Thomas Frankenbach. Keltern: Goecke & Evers; Cantuariae: Hillside Books. ISBN 9783937783161.
*Smart, P. 1975. *The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World.* Londinii: Hamlyn Publishing Group.
*Weiss, Jean-Claude. 2005. *The Parnassiinae of the World.* Pars 4. Cantuariae: Hillside Books. Textus.
*Witkowsky, Z., J. Budzik, et A. Kosior. 1992. Restoration of the Apollo butterfly in Pieniny National Park. *Chrońmy Przyrodę Ojczystą* 1992:3–4.

## Nexus externi
**P. apollo.* Lepiforum.de.
*Imagines *P. apollonis.* Consortium pro Barcode Vitae.

Categoria:Fauna Iraniae
Categoria:Fauna Pakistaniae
Categoria:Fauna Turciae
Categoria:Lepidoptera Asiae
Categoria:Lepidoptera Europae
Categoria:Lepidoptera Indiae
Categoria:Parnassius
apollo
Categoria:Taxa 1758
Categoria:Taxa Linnaei