Sibiti

**Sibiti** anɛ laafi lʋgʋr zin'ig kanɛ ka ba ti'ebid ban'ad nam nɛ laafi baŋisim kɔn'ɔb-kɔn'ɔb. Ba ti'ebidnɛ nɛ la'ad kɔn'ɔb-kɔn'ɔb. Sibiti sʋŋ wusa mɔr lu'as bɛɛ dɔɔd  nam. 

Sibiti nam paamid ligidi yitnɛ gɔmina nimma'asim tʋʋma zin'isin nimma'asim nwwae daaʋg gu' waad ni bɛɛ nimbanɛ sʋŋid ni. Labakʋda pa'al ye sibiti anɛ dinɛ ka pʋ'ʋsim dɔɔd da ɛɛnti pin'il ka yɔ ba sam bɛɛ di tun'e yi nimbanɛ sʋŋid nɛ tuon gatib ni na.

## Lu'as Nam
Kpieʋŋ zin'ig bɛɛ Bakir Zin'ig. Lu'ak kaŋa anɛ zin'ig kanɛ ka ba ti'ebid ban' kpiema bɛɛ pakir ban' nam. Ban' banɛ ɛɛti muk hali ka li ka'a ye ba gu'us ba'a bi'ela la, zin'ig kan ka ba mɔri o sɔbi ken.

## Din pin'il siem
Saŋa dinɛ gaad la, sibiti nam mɔr tuuma kɔn'ɔb-kɔn'ɔb lʋga nam ni .ba da anɛ sʋŋi zin'i tis tadim nam, gbɛɛsid tis saam bɛɛ zamisʋŋ zin'i."hospital" la yi nɛ Latin ni *hospes*, pa'an saan bɛɛ nid giŋgaŋ kanɛ an saan. Yʋ'ʋr paal kanɛ lɛm pa'as anɛ, *hospitium* kanɛ tina pa'an sʋm yɛla, saam kpinim nɛ la'adnam, sum yɛla, zɔɔd nɛ zin'i sum. Di kpinim nii, Latin la Tina pa'an nɛ yɛ saan gbɛsid, saan zin'i, an inn. *Hospes* an di nya'ad tis na'asal buolʋg *host* (zin'ig kanɛ ka ba yis p la bas yɛ li buolʋg an na'anna ) *[[:en:Hospitality|hospitality]]*, *[[:en:Hospice|hospice]]*, *hostel,* nɛ *hotel*. Buolʋg kanɛ bɛ nanana yit Latin dɔlisid Old French romance pian'ad *hostel*, kanɛ mɔr s vuud la ka li pʋ yita, kanɛ ka ba yis la nyain bɛ pian'ad la ni, dinɛ yi la zug pian'ad la bɛ nɛ susʋŋ bɛ French word *hôtel*. Ka  German pian'ad mɛ mɔri din sɛŋ siem la ka di nwɛn .

## Buudinam
Ban' nam sieba kɛn sibiti nam ni gɔsid ba mɛŋ, tɛ'ɛbit ba mɛŋ bɛɛ therapy ka nɛ ba kʋn ("outpatients") ka pʋ gbɛɛnda ; ka sieba mɛ gbɛɛnd ka bɛ yu'uŋ la wʋsa bɛɛ dabisa bɛɛ bakɔi bɛɛ nwadis ("banɛ ka ba ti'eb ka bas"). Sibiti nam bɛ nɛ kɔn'ɔb-kɔn'ɔb kat wa'ae ba bɛdim nɛ an siem laafi bɛlim ni, sieba nyaŋi di'er ban' nam bɛdigʋ digin ka gɔsidi ba, ka sieba mɛ an sibiti bibis kanɛ ka ti buon ye sibiti bibis.

## Sapu'ad zin'ig.
Zin'ig kaŋa  anɛ lu'ak kanɛ ka ba ti'ebid nidib banɛ paam sapu'ad nam.

Sibiti nam sieba anɛ  gɔmma din ka sieba mɛ an asʋ'ʋ-m-mɛŋ din. Gɔmma sibiti nam wusa tʋmmi nɛ Anwaae daag gu'u waad.

Sibiti nam banɛ mɔr baŋir hali sieba anɛ trauma center nam, yaan sibiti nam, biis sibiti nam, kpɛɛmnam sibiti nam, nɛ sibiti banɛ mɔr tiebυg linɛ bɛ li kɔn, banɛ sieba anɛ zulɛbin nam sibiti nam linɛ tiebid banɛ zugu fɛndig nɛ wiim sieba nam. Sibiti nam banɛ mɔr baŋir tituaa la sυŋiri sied tiebυg sam yɔɔb ka li pυ nwɛn wυυ sibiti banɛ kpɛlim laa. (2) Sibiti nam pυnɛ gυn-gυn dɔlnɛ banɛ tiebid tiebυg wυsa, banɛ mɔr miilim gυn, bɛɛ banɛ gυr ligidi linɛ yit gɔmina sanan.  

Ti mɛ mɔr sibiti banɛ sυŋidi zamisid linɛ zamisid nidib kati waae laafi bɛllim yɛla sakur bibis banɛ zamisid laafi bɛllim yela. Ti mɔr sibiti bibis nɛ sibiti bɛda linɛ ka ba buon ye clinic la. Sibiti bɛda mɔr tiebυg dɔɔd zies sieba wυυ (titυυnli, perisin dɔɔg, nɛ yɛl-diedim dɔɔg) nɛ baŋir zies wυυ kɔnba dɔɔg. Sibiti sieba mɔr dɔɔd sieba tisid bananam banɛ ka ba yisi ba mɛŋ ka sieba mɛ tiebυg sυŋ dɔɔg zinig. Ziibanɛ mɛ sυŋid tituaa anɛ tiim dɔɔd, ziibanɛ tiebid bunvυla.

Sibiti nam bɛdigυ anɛ linɛ an teŋim bun, ti mɔr sibiti banɛ mɛ n iaad ligidi, ti mɛ health insurance company nam.   

**Banɛ tiebid wima bɛdigʋ ka sʋŋid banadnam**   

Sibiti banɛ ka nidib bɛdigʋ mi zina anɛ sibit banɛ ka sɔ wʋsa na nyaŋi kɛŋ die tiebig anina, ka ba mɛ buoni ba yɛ sibiti banɛ banas bɛdigʋ saŋa biela . sibiti bama tiebid banas nɛ sapʋad kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb, ka mɔr banɛ bɛ vʋm nɛ kʋm tɛnsʋk dɔɔdi gɔsidiba tɔɔtɔ (ba buoni ba saŋsieba ye “sapʋad nɛ banɛ bɔɔd tiebig zin'ig") sʋnsaaŋ dim zinig ka ba tʋʋma anɛ ba tieb banɛ bɛ kʋm nɛ vʋm pʋʋgini bɔɔd tiebig tɔɔtɔɔ la ka li da taasba kʋm. Tɛŋpʋʋg titada mɔr sibiti nam bɛdigʋ ka ba yaliŋ nɛ ba tʋʋma laad la pʋ zɛm taabaa. Sibiti sieba, li kas-kas banɛ bɛ United States nɛ Canada sʋʋlim nam, mɔri ba banadnam lɔnam.

**District**

District sibiti anɛ laafi dɔɔd banɛ bɛ region ban pʋʋgin, mɔr banadnam gadis bɛdigʋ tiebid banɛ bɔɔd tiebig tɔɔtɔɔ nɛ banɛ ka li nar yɛ ba digiliba dabisa ka tiebi ba wʋsa.

California tɛnpʋʋgin, "district hospital" anɛ sibiti banɛ da kɛna World War II nyaaŋ la ye ba sʋŋ ka banadnam nyɛ gadisi digin, bɔzʋgɔ, tɛnkpɛmisin sibitinamin la gadis da pɛɛlnɛ. Baa zina nwaa, district sibitinam anɛ gɔmɛna sʋʋe ba bɛnɛ tɛnɛs piiga nɛ awai (19) banɛ bɛ California sʋʋlim ni la, ka sibiti bibis nam awai (9) mɛ bɛ ba tɛnkpɛmisin ka sibitinam gaad yinnɛ bɛ tɛnpʋʋs la baba. sibitinam pisi nɛ anii (Twenty-eight) banɛ bɛ California tɛnkpɛmisin nɛ sibitinam pisi (20) banɛ ka ba na nyaŋi zɔ paae tɔɔtɔɔ, anɛ district sibitinam. municipalities la laasi mɛɛ ba, ka mɔr kpɛɛmnam banɛ ka tɛŋ la dim gaŋi ba ye ba zieni ba nɔba zʋgʋ gaadi ba tuoni gɔsi ba yɛla. ba anɛ banɛ tiebid banadnam banɛ pʋ mɔr a­waae daag gʋʋ waad gbana nɛ banadnam banɛ paas sʋŋir kanɛ ka ba buon Medi-Cal (dinɛ an California Medicaid sʋŋir kanɛ bɛɛ tis banɛ an nɔŋ dim, bʋnkʋda, banɛ mɔr wintadimis, biis banɛ ka dʋadiba, nɛ pʋapʋʋs). yʋʋm tusayi, nɛ piinɛ ayi (2012), district sibitinam la da tis naasaatɛŋ ligidi $54 million nɔŋ dim la yɛla California sʋʋlim.

**Banɛ bɛi ba kɔnɔ**

Sibiti banɛ bɛi ba kɔnɔ anɛ sibiti banɛ ka ba tʋʋma anɛ ba tieb wisieba ka kaa wiima wʋsaa. sibitibama sieba anɛ sibiti banɛ lɛbisit banad pʋtɛnɛr, biis sibitinam, kpɛɛmnam sibitinam, sibiti banɛ tiebid banadnam kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb nɛ sibiti banɛ gɔsid wisieba bɛn, wʋʋ zulɛbin banas, dindiig banas, sʋsʋnya banas, kɔnba banas, nɛ bana banɛ paas.

Germany tɛŋin, ba buon sibiti bama ye ''Fachkrankenhaus''; li yinnɛ anɛ Fachkrankenhaus Coswig (nyaaŋ kɔnbir tiebig). India sʋʋlim, ban buon sibitibama nɛ ye *super-specialty hospitals* ka di paal ye ba bɛɛ ba kɔn nɛ sibiti banɛ tiebid banas wʋsa la.[*citation needed*]

Sibiti banɛ bɛɛ ba kɔnɔ ka tiebid bana yinnɛ maa la an sʋm, fʋ yaa mak ban nɛ banɛ tiebid banas wʋsa la, bana yinnɛ sibitinam la sam sɔnɔe. Titʋʋni ni, Narayana Health' sʋsʋnya banas sibiti dɔɔg la bɛ Bangalore la mɔr baŋir nɛ sʋsʋnya banas tiebig ni, ka dinɛ kɛt ka ba nyaŋidi tiebid banadnam bɛdigʋ. Sibiti kan mɔr banadnam gadis tusa atan (3,000) ka mɛ tiebid banadnam banɛ mɔr sʋsʋnya banas ban tʋsa a tan (3,000) yʋʋm pʋʋgin, anina ka ba tiebid nidib bɛdigʋ gati ba taaba dunia wʋsa.  dʋata nam la diesid nɛ ba nwadig yɔɔd bɛn ka ka nɛ ba kaanl ban tieb ninsieba ka yɔɔba, di paal ye nidib yaa zuoe nɛ siem, sibiti kan ni mɔr nyɔɔd ka sam mɛ sie. dʋata yinnɛ wʋsa na tɔne gɔs o tʋʋma bɛnni tʋm wʋʋ banɛ maan laadi tʋm siem la.

**Teaching**  

Teaching hospital dim tisidne banadnam laafi  ka mɛ lɛn zamisid sakur biis banɛ bɔɔd ye ba tʋm sibiti ni wɛn wʋʋ nɛɛsnam. Li tʋne  taal nɛ tima zamisʋg sakur bɛɛ nɛɛsnam zamisʋg sakur, ka li tʋne paas nɛ tima vɛɛnsʋg. sakur biis tʋne mɛ gɔsid sibiti tʋʋma yela bɛ sibiti la ni.

**Sibiti bibis**

Sibiti bibis tisidnɛ banad banɛ ka ba pʋ digili ba maa tʋʋma, amaa sieba tune mɔr banad banɛ ka ba digili ba gadis biela nɛ saŋa biela tisidi ba be sibiti la ni. 

**Sibiti dɔɔd nɛ ba dɔbibis** 

Sibiti wʋsa mɔr dɔɔg yinnɛ bɛɛ bɛdigʋ ka anina ka banadnam gadis bɛi banadnam la. Ba mɛ tɔne mɔr dɔɔd sieba wʋʋ sapʋat zinig, ningbiŋ sɛnɛb zinig, zinig kanɛ ka na gɔsid banadnam wʋsa, nɛ dɔɔd nam kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb banɛ mɔr tʋʋma kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb. Tʋmtʋmnib mɛ bɛi tʋm tiim dɔɔdin, fɔɔtɔ laad dɔɔdin, wiima nɛ sapʋat dɔɔdin nɛ vɛnɛsʋg dɔɔdin. Sibiti sieba mɛ tiebid banadnam, ka li ka ye ba gbɛ sibiti la nii nie bɛʋgɔ, ka din sieba anɛ ban na gɔs banad itiŋ yɛla zinis, yinna tiebig zinis nɛ zinis banɛ ka ba gɔsid banad pʋtɛnɛri da digin banalim ka o kʋl o yin yɛla.

Sibiti mɛ tɔne mɔr nɛɛs nam zinig ka ba kpɛɛm an chief nursing officer bɛɛ director of nursing. Bama tʋʋma ane ye ba gɔs ka nɛɛs nam tʋmi ba tʋʋma din nar siem, ka vɛnɛs vɛnɛsa, ka gɔs wada sʋma tis sibiti la.

Sibitinam sieba mɔr lʋga nam ka ba kpɛɛmnam an nɛɛsnam nɛ medical director ka ba tʋmmi ba tʋʋma nam bɛdigʋ ba zinisin. Fʋ yaa kpɛ zinig kanɛ ka ba gɔsid sapʋat nɛ wibɛda la medical director gɔsid anina tʋʋma, amaa nursing manager tʋʋm anɛ o gɔsid nɛɛsnam la nɛ ba tʋʋma.

Tʋmtʋmnib banɛ paasi sʋŋid la sieba anɛ gbaŋ sɔbidib zinis, sibiti labaya zinis, banɛ gɔsid sibiti laad zinig, banɛ gɔsid diib zinis, banɛ gɔsid aziin baanlim zinis nɛ bani kpɛlim wʋsas.

**Bɛ lalli ka gɔsid banadnam** 

COVID-19  wikanɛ da paae dunia wʋsa la da kɛ ka nidib ya kilim sibiti nam ka sibiti tʋmtʋmnib naanit sibiti ni tiebidi ba yaan la bɛnɛ British NHS. Ba da bas banadnami ba yaan ka kɛnni gɔsidi ba anina, ka gɔsidi ba mɛŋ vʋʋsʋm bɛn nɛ vʋʋsʋm laad saŋa kanɛ nar ka telephone sʋŋidi ba ka ba sɔnsid nɛ dʋatanam. West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust daa gɔsid nɛ banadnam wʋʋ tʋsir nɛ kɔbisyi (1200) ba mɛŋ yaan din da yi yʋʋm tʋsayi, nɛ pisi la nwadis atan la nii kɛŋ paae ayʋɔbʋ la ni (March and June 2020) ka gbaae ye ba na tʋm ala COVID-19 nyaaŋ, sʋŋnɛ banɛ mɔr vʋʋsʋm banas yiiga. Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust da pinili gɔsid banadnam yaan COVID yɛla nɛ yʋʋm tusayi, nɛ pisi la nwadis anaasi (April 2020) la n. Nwa da kɛ ya ka ba nyaŋi gɔs banadnam ka ba gaad nidib tusa anu (5000) ba mɛŋ yaan. Laa sieba da sʋŋ ka nɛɛsnam bɛɛ banɛ gɔsid banadnam la bɛɛ banadnam la mɛŋ nyaŋi baŋi ba laafi bɛnni zɛm siem wʋʋ ba vʋʋsʋm bɛn makir, nɛ  mak banɛ kpɛlim.

## Laba kʋda
**Yiiga tituuni**

Teŋ kanɛ yʋʋri buon India la, Fa Xian, da anɛ Chinese Buddhist monk one da tu suori lɔɔŋ India c. AD 400 saŋa, sob tiebʋg zinis kɔnɔb**-**kɔnɔb gbana ni. Gbaŋ kanɛ buon *Mahavamsa*, ka anɛ of Sinhalese royalty gbaŋ kʋdʋg, dine ka ba da sobi li sixth century AD  la paal ye, Naab Pandukabhaya of Sri Lanka (r. 437–367 BC) da bɛnɛ digin yin nɛ sibiti ni (Sivikasotthi-Sala). sibiti ne  medical training center mɛ da bɛ Gundeshapur, tɛnpʋʋg titaar dine da bɛ yadagɔbʋg-tuon Sassanid Persian Empire dinɛ da pinil AD 271 yine Shapur I ni na la. teŋkʋdʋg ancient Greece, winpʋʋs dɔbanɛ ka ba da mɛ tisnɛ winkanɛ ti'ebid ka ba da buon ye Asclepius, bɛɛ Asclepeion da anɛ zinis banɛ ka so na nyaŋi kɛŋ nyɛ laafi saalʋg nɛ o niŋgbina ti'ebʋg. Asclepeia nwa da yadigi paae Roman Empire. Gomena sibiti nami da kae Roman Empire la, sogianam sibiti nam dinɛ ka ba buon *valetudinaria* da bɛ ka ba ti'ebid soogia nam nɛ yammisi ba zinigin la. Kaseta bɛɛ paal ye asʋʋ**-**m**-**mɛŋ sibiti nam da bɛ ka li da anɛ zak banɛ da an kpana nam la da mɛɛd teŋ la kukpeŋ ka li da an zak ban din, amaa, ba da bas tʋʋm kaŋa ne 80 AD.

**Sʋʋgin yʋma**

Ban da pinil ye Kristo pʋʋsum anɛ winpʋʋs kanɛ ka Roman Empire siak ka die la, da ke ka sibiti nam nɔbʋg. First Council of Nicaea nyaaŋ AD 325, ba da pinili mɛɛd sibiti nam wina'am pʋʋsʋg dɔɔg wʋsa ni, li da dolne Saint Sampson onɛ bɛ Constantinople nɛ Basil, bishop of Caesarea linɛ an Turkey zina la. yʋʋm tusa piiga saŋa la, Constantinople da mɔr sibiti suma ayi, ka duata nam la an pʋab nɛ dab wʋsa. Ban da mɔr laasuma sieba an tiebig laad nɛ dɔɔd kɔnɔb**-**kɔnɔbi tiebid banas kɔnɔb**-**kɔnɔb.

Yiiga sibiti titaar kanɛ da bɛ Islam winpʋ'ʋsidib teŋin da mɛ nɛ yuum Kɔbis nii nɛ anu (805) Baghdad teŋin, ka onɛ da mɛɛ di an Harun Al-Rashid. 10th century saŋa la, Baghdad da mɔr sibiti nam anu, ka Damascus mɔr ayuobʋ 15th century saŋa, ka Córdoba maa mɔr sibiti titada pisnu (50) ka ba bɛdigʋ anɛ soogianam sibiti. Islamic bimaristan da anɛ ti'ebʋg zinig, ka len an biis dʋ'asug nɛ banɛ mɔr gɛɛmis banas ti'ebʋg zinig. Di yɛlkpan da anɛ ye ba tieb nɔŋ dim, bɔzugɔ, kpana dim la da mɔr sibiti nami ba yaan. li da siiŋ ne saŋkan ka duata nam pinili diesid tuuma gbaŋ. sibiti da pu mɔr suor ka ba zanas sɔ tiebig ye o kulim, on pʋ mɔr ligidi la yɛlaa. Gomɛna da sʋŋid sibiti ban ligidi yɛla, nɛ lʋgir kanɛ buon waqfs la.

India teŋin, gomena sibiti nam da bɛ hali Firuz Shah Tughlaq naam diib saŋa 14th century saŋa la. Mughal naab Jahangir yuum tusa piiga nɛ ayɔpoi la (17th century) da mɛ sibitinam tenpʋtitada ni ka gomɛna yɔɔdi ba nwadig yɔɔd nɛ ba tima ligidi.

China  teŋin, Song Dynasty saŋa la, gomena da pinili gɔsid nidib suŋir yɛla dine ka Buddhist monasteries da pun maan la ka lɛn mɛ sibitinam nɛ tiim dɔɔd bɛdigʋ.

**Yiiga tiakir nɛ Eyrope nini nier**

Europe teŋinɛɛ, medieval yɛl siem Kristo biis pʋʋsim yɛla da tiaknɛ din yi 16th nɛ 17th Century nam la ni yʋʋn lieb dinɛ an secular. England teŋin mɛnɛ, Naab Henry anɛ paasi anii daani da widig manoasteries yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnu nɛ pisnaasi (1540) ni la n, karindɔɔg la guoeya ka pʋ lɛn sʋŋid sibiti nam yaasa, ka ba da pʋ siakɛ da an nimbanɛ bɛ London, sibiti banɛ da paamid sʋŋir anɛ St Bartholomew's, St Thomas's nɛ St Mary of Bethlehem's (Bedlam) banɛ da kpie nɛ Naam zupigig la, nɛɛŋa da an yiiga ka sibiti nam la da nyɛ sʋŋiri yi nidib ni.

Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyuobʋ nɛ pisnii nɛ ayi (1682) la ni, Charles onɛ paasi ayi daan la da pinil Royal Hospital Chelsea ka di an vʋʋsʋg yiri tis Soogia banɛ yi Chelsea Pensioners ka yʋʋn naae ba gɔmina tʋʋma ka kul yin ye ba vʋʋs la, d zinikanɛ ka ba da nɔk “sibiti ka di paal ye sʋŋir yir. Yʋma piiga nyaaŋ ka Mary onɛ paasi ayi daan la mɛ da pinil Royal Hospital for Seamen, dinɛ da bɛ Greenwich, ye o pʋtɛnɛkan nɔɔ yɛla. 

Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnii nɛ pisi la ni ka ba da mɛ Guy's Hospital bɛ London, sibiti kanɛ an yiiga ka nidib nɔki ba pʋtɛnda laas taaba mɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisi nɛ anaasi (1724) la ni ka di an Ruins tis Hospital San Nicolás de Bari dinɛ bɛ Santo Domingo, bɛ Dominican Republic, ka UNESCO da nyɛ ka di an sibiti kʋdʋg tis America dim. Ba da mɛɛ linɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnu nɛ piini anaasi (1514) nɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnu nɛ pisnaasi nɛ yinne (1541) la ni. Pennsylvania Hospital (dinɛ yʋʋm paas University of Pennsylvania nimmaasim yɛla ni la). Di da pinilnɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnu nɛ yinne (1751) la ni, dinɛ an yiiga gɔmina sibiti ka ba da yɔɔg bɛ United States. Di mɛ lɛn anɛ zinikanɛ ka America yiiga amphitheatre opiresin da bɛ ka lɛn an yiiga tima buorʋg.

Alaasi yɔɔg sibiti dim ka di yʋʋr an voluntary hospital movement la da pinilnɛ 18th Century la ni ka da pinli mɛ sibiti nam yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisi (1720) la ni, laanɛ Westminster Hospital (1719) ka private bank C. Hoare & Co da sʋŋi di  nɛ Guy's Hospital (1724) dinɛ ka arezak daan, Thomas Guy da nɔki di sam la.

Ba da mɛ sibit sieba mɛn London nɛ British tensieba, ka asʋʋ-m-mɛŋ dim da yɔ ɔ ba sieba sam bɛdigʋ. St Bartholomew sibiti kanɛ bɛ London, ba da maligim mɛɛ li yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pistan (1730) ti paae yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnu nɛ awai (1759) la ni, ka London Hospital la, Whitechapel, dim da yɔɔgi di yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnu nɛ ayi (1752) la ni.

Sibiti bama da zieni tis lʋgʋr la; ba da pinili tiakid yit nimmaasim zinigi keŋ zinibanɛ ka ba zamisid ka paan nidib ka ba liebid nimmaasim tʋntʋnnib. Nintitada banɛ mɔr miilim da dɔlisid ani kɛt ka nidib paamid baŋir mɛn. Ba mɛ da nɔbʋgi yi vʋʋsʋg ya lieb zinibanɛ ka ba tsid baŋir ka tiebid banas buudi wʋsa. Frederick onɛ gaad tuon ka yi Prussia la da pinil Charité bɛnɛ Berlin yʋʋm tʋsir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ piiga (1710) la ni ye ba tieb banakanɛ da gbirigi kena la.

Sibiti banɛ ka nidib da ɛɛnti laasi yɔɔg yʋʋn da widigi gilig Colonial America; Bellevue Hospital dinɛ bɛ New York City la da yɔɔgnɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisntan nɛ ayuobʋ (1736), da pinili anɛ tʋʋma yir ka yuolim kiim sibiti; Pennsylvania Hospital dinɛ bɛ Philadelphia la da yɔɔgnɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnu nɛ ayi (1752) la ni, New York Hospital, ka ba yʋʋm buon ye Weill Cornell Medical Center dinɛ bɛ New York City la mɛ da yɔɔgnɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ yinne (1771) la ni, ka Massachusetts General Hospital dinɛ bɛ Boston la da pinil yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnii nɛ piinɛ yinne (1811) la ni.

Vienna General Hospital da yɔɔg yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnii nɛ anaasi (1784) la ni ye di an dunia wʋsa sibiti, zinikanɛ ka banɛ bɔɔd ye ba zamis nimmaasim tʋʋma yɛla na nyaŋi maali ba vɛɛnsʋg sʋʋŋa.

Nini nier saŋa nɛ tiakir yinne kena mɛ anɛ; bama da tiebid banɛ an tadimnam ka laafi kae la zaalim ka ba pʋ yɔɔd siela. London Dispensary da yɔɔgnɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyuobʋ nɛ piswai nɛ ayuobʋ (1696) la ni ka di an yiiga sibiti bil tis British Empire. Pʋtɛnkaŋa da pʋ nie tɔ ti paae yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisyɔpɔi (1770) saŋa, ka laasbama buudi da pinili niedna la, laanɛ Public Dispensary dinɛ bɛ Edinburgh (ka ba da mɛ yʋʋm tusir, kbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisyɔpɔi (1776) la ni), Metropolitan Dispensary nɛ Charitable Fund (ka ba da maal yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ awai (1779) la ni) nɛ Finsbury Dispensary (ka ba da pinil yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnii (1780) ni la). Ba yʋʋn da yɔɔs tima dɔɔd bɛ New York yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ yinne (1771) la ni, Philadelphia yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnii nɛ ayuobʋ (1786) la ni, nɛ Boston yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ piswai nɛ ayuobʋ (1796) la ni.

Royal Naval Hospital, Stonehouse, Plymouth, da yɔɔg suor ka ba yʋʋm pinili mɛɛd sʋga sibiti nam ni ye di sʋŋi sie banasi lɔmisid siem. John Wesley da kaae yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnii nɛ anu (1785), ka yɛl ye "M nan zii nyɛ nɛ buudi zinisia ka di an mummi; luos la wʋsa anɛ nyain, ka sɔ yaa nyɛ di o kʋkɔr bɛɛ di ni. " Tiakir maalkaŋa da kɛ ka nidib maligim baŋ John Howard onɛ sʋŋid nidib la bɛdigʋ. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnii nɛ ayɔpɔ (1787) la ni ka French gɔmina da tʋm gbammiidib ayi ye ba an tuon gatib, Coulomb nɛ Tenon, banɛ da kaae sibiti nam bɛdigʋ banɛ bɛ Europe. Ba sunya da maaeya nɛ ban nyɛ sʋga la ka ba da maal siem tʋas dinɛ bɛ France la nɛ Europe wʋsa.

**19th century**  

Na'asaat*ɛŋ* duata, onɛ yʋ'ʋri buon Thomas Percival yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisyɔpɔi nɛ pisnaasi (1740) paae yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnii nɛ anaasi(1804) da sɔb duatanam tʋʋma nɛ ba itima nar ye ba an si'em, *[[:en:Medical_Ethics;_or,_a_Code_of_Institutes_and_Precepts,_Adapted_to_the_Professional_Conduct_of_Physicians_and_Surgeons|Medical Ethics; bɛɛ  duatanam wadaor, wada banɛ da bɛ tisnɛ duata banɛ gɔsid tima yɛla nɛ duata banɛ nwaasid ka sɛnɛd ninsaal ningbina]]* yʋʋm  tusir, kɔbisnii nɛ atana la(1803), ka ba da pinili sɔb gbana ni. Yʋʋm tusir, piinɛ awai (19th century), sibitinam nɛ ba tʋmtʋmnib da pinili mɔr tʋʋma gbaŋ, ka sibiti ni kpɛnɛb yʋʋn mɔr wada bɛdigʋb, ka kpɛŋ kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb. Apothecaries Act 1815 wada da kɛ ka li an yɛlkpan ye banɛ zamisid duata tʋʋma tʋm tis gɔmɛna yʋm tis gɔmɛna yʋʋm pʋsʋk bɛɛ li gaad ala, ka li paas nɛ ba zamisʋg pʋʋgin.

Florence Nightingale da an one gaad tuoni gɔs duatanam zamisig yɛla Crimean War saŋa, ka li da anɛ titʋʋni paal nimbaanlzɔɔr, a-pɛsigim-mɛŋi sʋŋ banadnam, ka sibitinam yʋʋn mɔr sibiti kpɛɛmnam kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb. Sakur kanɛ da pinili paan duatanam bɛɛ nɛɛsnam ka ba buon, Nightingale sakur kanɛ an nɛɛsnam din la, da yɔɔg nɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnii nɛ pisyuobʋ (1860), ka ba yɛlkpan an ye ba paal nɛɛnam la ka ba tʋm sibitinam ni, ka mɛ paal banɛ an nɔŋ dim la. Nightingale da sit nyaŋi tiak sibitinami da an siem la, li da sʋŋ nyain bɛilim yela, ka mɛ tiak nidib pʋtɛnda da an ye sibiti ni anɛ kʋʋm zinig la ka ba baŋ ye ba lɛɛ anɛ laafi nyɛɛb zinig. O da lɛn sʋŋ ka ba nɔk banadnam kanl ka di nar, bɔzʋgɔ, dinɛ na kɛ ka ba baŋ banadnam banɛ nyɛ laafi dɔlisid tiebig kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb ni. Nwaa da kɛ ya ka sibitinam nyɛ tiakir bɛdigʋ.

Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai (19th century) naar la, sibiti bɛda la da pinil nɛ nɔbigit, ka gɔmɛna sibitinam bɛ ka a-sʋʋm-mɛŋ sibitinam mɛ kɛna kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnii nɛ pisyɔpɔi saŋa la (1870s), sibitinam da mɔr paŋ kanɛ ka ba na nyaŋi gɔs banadnam abʋnaasi gaad yiigin ka ba da na nyaŋi gɔs nɛ banadnam tusa atan (3,000) maa la. Tengbaŋ titaar linɛ am Europe la, ba da mɛ sibiti paala, tɛŋ la nidib sʋŋi ba nɛ ligidi. National Health Service, banɛ an lʋgʋr titaar kanɛ gɔsid laafi yela bɛ United Kingdom, da pinil nɛ yuum tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnaasi nɛ anii (1948). Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai la (nineteenth century), dʋatanam sakur kanɛ tial ayi ka ba buon Viennese Medical School da kɛna sʋŋ dʋtanam bɛdigʋ ka ba sieba an Carl Freiherr von Rokitansky, Josef Škoda, Ferdinand Ritter von Hebra, nɛ Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis. Dinɛ lɛn paas yaas anɛ yiiga ka ba zamis dʋatanam ka ba gɔsid nini, nyɔnya, nɛ kʋkɔya wimanam yɛla nɛ ba sibiti dɔɔd da pinili bɛ Vienna, ka nidib gɔs ka ye anina ka tima nɛ di kaabuudi yina.

**20th century nɛ di nyaaŋ**

Sankanɛ ka sumbʋgʋsʋm bɛ, sibiti nam an zanbina. 'H' piel ka di nyaaŋ la wʋsa an bʋlʋ an dinɛ ka ba mɔri paan sibiti bɛ United States. Soogia nam zaba saŋa, ba ɛɛnti nɔknɛ dapuuda zɛnɛg, red crescent bɛɛ red crystal dɔlisid ziesim kanɛ bɛ Geneva Conventions ni.

19th century nɛ 20th century nam pinilʋgin, tiakir nimmaasim yɛla nwɛnɛ anesthesia nɛ sterile suobanɛ ka ba dɔlisid maan opiresin pʋ lɛm mɔr daʋŋ bɛdigʋ yaasa, yaasa masin banɛ mɔri paan banasi yi zinisia nwɛnɛ X-ray nam bɛ zinis bɛdigʋ, ka kɛ ka sibiti nam yʋʋn mɔr kʋkɔr tiebʋgʋ an naana la zug.

Yʋʋm lɛbigir sibiti nam makid ziesim nam bɛdigʋ nwɛnɛ ban na nyaŋi nɔk nidib siem, sankanɛ ka ba na gbɛn sibiti la ni bɛn, sankanɛ ka duata na tebi ba, banadnam na paam ban bɔɔd siel ka di siaki ba, duata tʋʋma, ban na lɛn die banadi digil yaas, banadbanɛ gbɛɛnd sibiti la ni ka maal kaalim kanl, nɛ yɛla kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb.

United States ni, sibiti nam yʋʋn da nɔbʋgya hali paae di bɛn yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ yinne (1981) la ni ka ba da digil nidib  kɔbʋga nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ yinne (171) America dim nidib tusir yinne (1,000) pʋʋgin nɛ sibiti nam tusa ayuobʋ, kɔbiswai nɛ pistan nɛ atan (6,933). Nɛ da fɛndigya sie ka nimbanɛ ka ba da diesid digin sibiti ni da sie gaad nwɛnɛ piiga kɔbiga pʋʋgin (10%) ka sibiti banɛ da bɛ US la sie yi Tusa ayuobʋ, kɔbiswai nɛ pistan nɛ atan (6,933) yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ yinne (1981) la ni keŋ Tusa anu, kɔbisnu nɛ pistan nɛ anaasi (5,534) yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ ayuobʋ (2016) la ni. Ba da gbɛɛndi ani la da sie nwɛnɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ ayɔpɔi kɔbiga pʋʋgin (77%) yʋʋm tusir kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii (1980) la ni lɛb pisyuobʋ kɔbiga pʋʋgin (60%) yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ atan (2013) la ni.

Yɛlbama zug taas ka sibiti nam pɛɛl zinig wʋsa laanɛ nidib yaan bɛɛ duata ɔfis nam ni ka sibiti nam pʋ lɛn zie wʋrʋgin ka nidib nyɛt nɛ ba nini. US nii, banad tune gbɛn sibiti gadʋg zug ka ba lɛɛ pʋ die o digilɛ ka lɛɛ gɔsid o.

U.S. nii, banadnam banɛ ka ba digil la Medicare Part A ɛɛnti sʋoe ba sa, amaa sibiti la mɛ tune digil sɔ ye ba gɔs o ka Medicare Part B sʋʋe sam kan, ka kɛ ka banad la sam ligidi paas. Yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ atan (2013) la ni, Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) da pinil "two-midnight" wada tis banaabanɛ ka ba digili ba sibiti la ni, ye ba sie nidibi na kena zuoe sibiti la ni ka ba mɔr ligidbanɛ pʋʋd.  Ba da bas wadkaŋa yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ anii (2018) la ni. Yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ ayuobʋ (2016) nɛ yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ ayɔpɔi (2017) la ni, nimmaasim yɛla da tiakya hali ka nidib banɛ ken ka ba digini ba kanl sie hali ka dinzug ka US sibiti nam la da pʋ lɛm mɔr ligidi yaasa. Sibiti bibis banɛ mɔr gadis nwɛnɛ anii keŋ paae piinɛ anu, yʋʋn nɔbʋgʋdi paasid bɛ United States. Alamɛnɛ, dɔbanɛ ka ba na nɔk banɛ banasi wʋmi ba kpɛnɛs ka digili ba yʋʋn da paam nuug yʋʋm tusir, nɛ kɔbisyɔpɔi la saŋa (1970) ka din yi sankana di yaligya ka widigi gilig United States wʋsa.

Catholic Church an asʋʋ-m-ɛŋ lʋgʋr kanɛ mɛ nimmaasim zinis bɛdigʋ dunia wʋsa ni. Di mɔr nimmaasim zinis nwɛnɛ sibiti bibis Tusa piinɛ anii (18,000), Bʋnkʋda nɛ pʋnyaas ya nwɛnɛ Tusa piinɛ ayuobʋ (16,000) ka banɛ mɔr gbɛlima kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb la mɛ an nwɛnɛ Tusa anu nɛ kɔbisnu (5,500) ka kɔbiga pʋʋgin, pisyuobʋ nɛ anu (65%) bɛ tembanɛ nam pʋ nɔbʋgɛ ni na. Yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piiga (2010) la nii, Pʋʋsim la Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers da yɛl ye pʋʋsim la gɔsid nimmaasim zinis pisi nɛ ayuobʋ kɔbʋga pʋʋgin (26%).

**Ba ligidi  yit siel na**

Sibitinam zina nyɛti ba ligidi nɛ sʋŋiri yit zinis kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb. Ba nyɛt ligidi yitnɛ nidibi ti'ebid ka yɔɔd nii nɛ nimma'asim nwaae daag gu' waad bɛɛ gɔmɛna sanan nɛ a-sʋʋ-m-mɛŋ dim sʋŋir pʋʋgin.

United Kingdom sʋʋlim ni, ba nimmaasim lʋgir la gɔsidi ba nidib laafi yɛla zaalim ka ba pʋ yɔɔd si'el-si'ela, ka banɛ ka ba ti'ebʋg mɛ anɛ gbirigir ka ba yaa pʋ ti'ebi ba tɔɔtɔɔ ka ba tɔnɔ kpi la ti'ebʋg mɛ ka ba yɔɔ ligidi ka ba yaan ti'ebidi baa, li baa kae nɛ nid la yit tɛŋ si'a na bɛɛ o zi'esim an si'em. Sibitinam la mɔr laad sieba tʋm la pʋ zu'oe na paae sɔ wʋsa la, teŋ sieba nii, banɛ wiim sɔnɔe la tuund lai ka nyaan paam ti'ebʋg, ka banɛ mɛ mɔr ligidi ka na nyaŋi kɛŋa a-sʋʋ-m-mɛŋ sibiti namin la ba on kɛŋ anina ka ba ti'ebi ba tɔɔtɔɔ.

United States sʋʋlim ni, sibitinam titaam anɛ a-sʋʋm-mɛŋ sibiti nam, ka bɛdigʋ mɛ tʋm nɛ ye ba nyɛ nyɔɔd, ba yinnɛ anɛ HCA Healthcare. Laad banɛ ka sibiti dim la mɔr nɛ ba ligidi an si'em la laas nɛ bɛ gbaŋ yinnɛ kanɛ ka ba buon chargemaster la; amaa, laad la ligidi pʋ zɛm taabaa, sibitinam la bɛ taaba pʋʋsin la yɛla. Wada paal ye sibiti dim faane onɛ waae kʋm ka kɛnɛ ba sananna vʋʋm bas, baa o sɔba yaa pʋ mɔr ligidi na yɔɔ. a-sʋʋ-m-mɛŋ sibiti nam banɛ sanan ka banɛ bɛ kʋm-nɛ-vʋm pʋʋgin kɛnni ba sanan la nwɛɛd nɛ sam, ka li kas-kas anɛ Hurricane Katrina yɛlkanɛ da naam la.

**Tʋʋmsʋma nɛ laafi nyɛɛb**

Sibitinam la sit na nyaŋi sʋŋ banɛ kɛnni ba sanana ka ba paam laafi anɛ yɛlkpan kanɛ ka dunia wʋsas gɔsidi li yɛla, sibitinam nɔk nwaa ka li an yɛlkpan hali ba tʋʋma ni. Ban na nɔk nimbanɛ pʋ paasi ba tʋʋma  la nii ka ba vɛɛnsi gɔs ye laafi tʋmtʋmnib la tʋm ka li dɔl suor bɛɛ li pʋ dɔlla anɛ suor kanɛ na nyaŋi sit baŋ ye ba tʋʋma an tituaa bɛe li kaa tituaa nɛ, lina zug ka ti mɔr kpɛɛm sieba ka ban tʋʋma an ye ba gɔs sibitinam la mɔr laad sieba nɛ ba tʋmtʋmnib la as siem, ka nyaan bas suor ka ba tʋmi ba tʋʋma. Dunia zinis bɛdigʋ nii, kpɛɛmnam banɛ tʋm tʋʋm  kan la kaa ba mɛŋ teŋ nidiba, ka ba buoni li ye international healthcare accreditation, ka ba sieba an Accreditation Canada bɛ Canada, Joint Commission bɛ U.S., Trent Accreditation Scheme bɛ Great Britain, nɛ *Haute Autorité de santé* (HAS) banɛ bɛ France. England tɛŋin la, kpɛɛmnam banɛ gɔsid sibitinam la anɛ Care Quality Commission. Yʋʋm tusa ayi, nɛ pisi (2020) la, ba da gɔs ka diib banɛ ka ba kuosid an nimmua, bɔzugɔ, nidib ayɔpɔi da kpi bɛ listeria ka li da anɛ diib banɛ ka ba kiim lɔ bɛɛ ba dʋk nɛ niŋ di sieba pʋʋgin ka ba buon sandwiches nɛ salads yʋʋm tusa ayi, nɛ piiga nɛ awai (2019) ni la yɛla, ba da yɛt ye “ningbina maalʋg nɛ kuom sʋŋid banad ka o mɔr laafi."

World Health Organization da yis gbaŋ yʋʋm tusayi, nɛ piinɛ yinnɛ (2011) ye nid yaa iand agɔl gba sɔnɔe ban na die o digil sibiti ni. Dunia wʋsa, ban na ti'eb  banad ka li pʋ dɔlli suorɛ anɛ piiga, pudigir kɔbiga pʋʋgin (10%), ka ninsaali na dɔl ti'eb kaŋa buudi kpi mɛ anɛ nid yinnɛ, nidib kɔbistan (300) wʋsa puugin. Onɛ ka ba buon ye Liam Donaldson yel ye sibiti banadnam ayɔpɔi pʋdigir kɔbiga pʋʋgin (7%) nyɛt banas gba yit sibitinam ni, tɛŋ titada ni, ka banadnam piiga pʋdigir kɔbiga pʋʋgin (10%) nyɛt banasi yit sibitinamin tɛŋ banɛ nan pʋ nɔbigi paae ba bɛn la ni. Tɛŋ kanɛ buon U.S. ni, nidib 1.7 million ka banas gbaae ba dɔlisi yinɛ sibiti ni, ka li kɛ ka nidib tusa kɔbiga (100,000) kpi, nwaa da gaad Europe ka nidib 4.5 million da nyɛ banasi yi sibiti ni, ka nidib tusa pistan nɛ ayɔpɔi da kpi (37,000) la.

**Sibiti dɔɔd mɛɛb**

Ba mɛ sibiti dɔɔd zina nwa ye li sʋŋi sie sibiti tʋmtʋmnib tʋʋma, ka mɛ sie banas banɛ na nyaŋi gbaae nidib sibitinam ni, ka li sʋŋ ka sibiti tʋʋma nʋʋma nyaŋi  kɛŋ tuon. Sibiti tʋmtʋmnibi na bɛ lalli sa ka kɛn sibiti ni nɛ banad banɛ ka ba tɔlisidi ba sibiti titada ni na nyaŋi kɛŋ paae sibiti ban ni tɔɔtɔɔ yʋʋn anɛ naanaa. Sibiti mɛɛb nii, bam aal zinis ye ba digil laad tɛbisa nɛ laa titada wʋsa, nɛ lɔkani ka ba na sɛnɛd fɛnɛd, ka mɛ bas paalʋ niŋ bʋgʋm nɛ kuom winis, ka paalʋ mɛ bɛ ka ba na kpaasid saadi bat anina.

Laannɛ wala, sibitinam bɛdigʋ bɛ, baa ban ye ba anɛ sibiti titada la, ba pʋ nyaŋi gɔsidi li tʋʋma titʋaa nɛ ka ba pʋ nɔbigida yʋʋma bɛdigʋ, na nan kpɛn mɛɛd dɔɔdi paasid wʋʋ ba ligidi zɛm siem bɛn la. Linzug, Dutch tɛŋ nid onɛ gɔsidi ba mɛɛb nam yel ka o yʋʋr buon Cor Wagenaar buon sibitinam bɛdigʋ ye:

"... yɛla dɔɔd, dɔɔd titada banɛ ka ba mɛ ka li nar ye fʋ dɔl suor wɔk ka nyaan nyɛ tiebik, ka ba pʋ lɛn tʋmmi ba tʋʋma linɛ yɛl ka ba mɛ dɔɔd la ziel la ... Ba pʋ lɛn tʋmmi ba tʋʋmaa, ban naani kɛɛn ka banad sʋnya maae la, ba saamidi ba sʋnya ka kɛt ka ba gɛnɛd."

Sibiti paala sieba yʋʋn mɔɔd ye ba mɛ dɔɔd la ka baadnam sunya nɛ ba pʋtɛnda nyaŋi digin banalim, ka ban maal siel anɛ ba kɛt ka pɛbisim bɛ bɛ sibitinam la ni ka mɛ ziel laa vɛnla anina. Pʋtɛnɛr kaŋa da siiŋ nɛ hali yʋʋm tusir, kɔbisnii (eighteenth century) saŋa sa, ka ba da pinili tɛnɛs ka li an sʋm ka pɛbisim bɛ tiebig zinisin, ala ka banadnam na paami ba laafi tɔɔtɔɔ, linzug ka banɛ mɛɛd sibitinam la yʋʋn paas yaam kaŋa sibitinam mɛɛb pʋʋgin.

British Medical Association vɛnɛs vɛnɛsʋg ka li paal ye sibiti banɛ mɛ titʋaa la kɛt ka banadnam nyɛt laafi tɔɔtɔɔ. Nɛɛsim yaa bɛ banadnam ziigin li kɛt ka ba tammidi ba yɛltɛnɛsa. Dab mɔri ba dɔɔgi ba kɔnɔ ka pʋab mɛ mɔri ba dɔɔgi ba kɔnɔ kɛt ka banadnam nyaŋidi sʋadi ba nyan. Sibiti la na bɛ paalʋ ni bɛɛ ban na sɛ tiis nami gilig anina mɛ anɛ yɛlkpan – banadnam yaa na nyaŋi dɔlis takɔrɔ ni gɔs yiŋ kɛt ka ba sʋnya malis ka siedi ba zidʋtʋm banas nɛ ba gɛnɛlis. Takɔrɔ nam yaa yɔɔsi bas banadnam dɔɔgin mɛ kɛt ka pɛbisim kpɛɛdi ba ka ba ningbina sʋnla tɔmisid titʋaa. dɔɔd nam la yaa pʋ lal nɛ taaba mɛ kɛt ka nɛɛsnam nɛ sibiti tʋmtʋmnib gɛnɛlis sied.

Dinɛ lɛn paas anɛ ban tiak ka li lɛn ka yɛ nid yinnɛ mɔr o dɔɔg la (nwaa kɛ ka banadnam bɛ dɔɔg yinnɛ ni bɛdigʋ, ka ba lɛɛ bas paalʋ gadis la tɛnsʋk ye ba dɔlli gat) ka lɛn ka nɛ yɛ banad yinnɛ wʋsa mɔr o dɔɔgɔ. Banadnam yaa laasi bɛ la mɔr sʋŋir hali tisnɛ tʋmtʋmnib la, amaa banadnam lɛɛ gɔs ka li kɛt nɛ ka ba gɛnɛd, bɔzʋgɔ ba pʋ tɔne sʋadi ba nyannɛ. Yɛlkanɛ bɛ ka sibitinam kʋ nyaŋi tis banad wʋsaa ɔ dɔgʋn la anɛ mɛɛb la ligidi zuoe nɛ galis, ka sibiti kan sam kʋ an sam billa; nwaa kɛ ka sibitinam diesid banadnam banɛ bɔɔdi ba dɔgʋn la ligidi ka tisidi ba dɔɔd la.

## Gbanvɛɛnsa


## Gbambanɛ ni ka labaya la yi

### Sibiti yɛla lakʋda

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