Sikir

**Sikir** an yu'ukanɛ ka ti mɔri buon diib kanɛ malis. Bɛdigʋ mi'i li ye  sucrose, lactose, bɛɛ fructose. Sikir bɛ diib si'eba ni, bɛɛ li ye ti nɔkir pa'as diib zug ka li malis.

Sikir sʋŋ bɛɛ *sucrose,* *li yi nɛ kiŋka'ansiin ni bɛɛ sikir* beet. Brazil an teŋkanɛ maan sikir gat ka India's an teŋkanɛ dit sikir gat teŋ wʋsa. Fructose anɛ sikir kanɛ bɛ tiig wala niis.

Sucrose nɛ fructose anɛ banɛ ka ba maal ka di an sikir bibis. Glucose an dinɛ an bʋnbil paa bɛ sikir baanlʋg la ni. Ninsaal niŋgbin tiakid sikir kanɛ bɛ ani la ka li an sikir baanlʋg.

Sikir paas nɛ carbohydrate buudi ni bɔzugɔ linɛ laasi kilimi li anɛ carbon, hydrogen nɛ oxygen. Sikir tɔnɔn an *simple carbohydrates* bɛɛ *complex carbohydrates*. Simple carbohydrates yinɛ bʋnmalisiŋ yinnɛ bɛɛ biela maa ni. Complex carbohydrates yinɛ bʋnmalisima laas bɛdigʋ maal.

Sikir siim anɛ kɔnɔbkɔnɔb. Fʋ yaa gɔs brown sugar ba mɔr ku'om sabiligi li pʋʋgin, ka ba mɔri tʋm laad sɛnɛb zinigin.

Fʋ yaa gbie sikir 100 g, paŋ kanɛ ka li tisid anɛ 387 calories.

## Maalig

### Kikanasiind

Dunia wʋsa da kua kikanasiid yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi ni (2020) ka li zɛm siem da anɛ 1.9 billion tonnes, ka Brazil kua pisnaai, kɔbiga pʋʋgin (40%) dunia wʋsa kuob pʋʋgin ka India mɛ kua pisi, kɔbiga pʋʋgin (20%) dunia wʋsa maalig la pʋʋgin.

Kikanasiind mɔr buudi kɔnɔbkɔnɔb ka tɔɔn an buudban yinnɛ, bɛɛ buudi babig laasi maal, ka ba paas nɛ mɔɔg bɛda waama buudi ni, bɛɛ *Saccharum* paas nɛ Poaceae buudi ni. Ba kuodi ba bɛnɛ tʋʋlig zinisi bɛ Indian nɛ Southeast Asia yʋʋm kɔbis siem yela banɛ gaad la linɛ buon sucrose ka mɔr malisim bɛɛ li bʋʋlim la pʋʋg la yela.

Kikanasiind kuob bɔɔd nɛ zinig kanɛ mɔr tʋʋlig ka ku'om bʋ zuoe ka saa niidi zɛnmisid lin nar ye li ni siem ba nɔbigir saŋa lin na niŋ siem ka ba nyaŋi nɔbig. Ba mɔr masin nami bʋnni li bɛɛ nuug, ka waae fiisi li mɔri kɛŋ zinig kanɛ ka ba maan sikir la nɛɛmid. Ba yisid ku'om la daag la pʋʋgin. Ba paasid linɛ buon lime li ku'om la pʋʋgin ka dʋgʋ li lin na niŋ siem ka bʋnvʋya wʋsa kpi. Ku'om sia na yina ka kilim walim gaad, ka ku'om kanɛ kpɛlim la ka ba siligi yis. Ba paasid sikir gbila li pʋʋgin, lin na niŋ siem ka li gbilim ka kʋdʋg tɔɔtɔ. Ku'om sabilig la bɛ pʋʋgin la, saad banɛ yiti li daag la ni, ba nyʋod di li ka li tisid paŋ kanɛ ka ba na nyaŋi yis sikir la yʋʋs. Sikir gbila la ba paasid sulfur dioxide, bɛɛ ba dʋgʋ li yis bʋnsieba li pʋʋgin ka li lieb pielig. Ku'om 2,500 litres (660 US galam) nar ye ba paas kilogram yinnɛ wʋsa pʋʋgin (2.2 pounds) sikir kanɛ ka ba maan la ni.

### Sugar beet

Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi ni (2020), dunia wʋsa da kuo sugar beets ka li maal siem anɛ 253 million tonnes, ka Russia da gaad tuoni kua linɛ ka ba laas dunia wʋsa piinɛ atan kɔbiga pʋʋgin (13%).

Ba bun Sugar beet nɛ waad win, ka ba fiigi li zug la bas pɔɔgin la. Ka ba nɔk masin sia vʋoe li niŋ lɔr pʋʋgin, ka ba yʋʋn mɔri li kɛŋ zinig kanɛ ka ba maan sikir la. Linɛ maan sikir la na nwaasi ba bielbiel ka ba buon naasaalin ye cossettes. Ba nɔkidi li niŋid kuom tuʋlig ni ka li paae wan wʋʋ hour saŋa bɛn. Ba mɔr tank titaar anina ka ba kɛt ka daad la ka ba nwaas la bilim baanlim li pʋʋgin ka kuom tʋʋlig la mɛ tʋʋsidi tʋligiri ba ban bilim la. Nwa anɛ ba kɛt nɛ ka paŋ tʋʋsid taaba ka ku'om la yaa ti yi ka li kilim sikir kanɛ malis hali.

## Pinilig
Yʋma 8,000 BC, Nidib banɛ da bɛ New Guinea nɛ Polynesia da mɔr kikanasiind anina ka li da yi kɛŋ paae Asia tɛŋin. Nimbanɛ da baŋi li yela la da bɔɔdi li, kikanasiind nɛ li kuob yʋʋn paae Southwest Asia, ka China nɛ India paasi ba pʋʋgin.

Yʋma 510 BC saŋa, Persia (Iran), Emperor Darius da faae India tɛŋ ka nyɛ kikanasiind ka pʋdi li yʋʋr ye "tiig kanɛ tisid siind kanɛ pʋ yi siing ni na". Bɛdigʋ da nan pʋ kuodi li ka ba mɔri li paamid nyɔɔd bɛdigʋ sa. Arab dimi da nyaŋ Persia yʋma 642 BC saŋa la, kikanasiind tʋʋma da kɛŋ tuon yi Eastern Mediterranean nidib ni.

Labaya banɛ yi Ancient Greeks nɛ Romans ni paal ye ba da mɔr kikanasiind nɛ ka li an tiim. Yʋʋm 350 CE saŋa, Indian nidib da baŋ ban maan sikir siem. Yʋʋm 650 CE saŋa, sikir maalig nɛ li tʋʋma da anɛ bʋnlinɛ an naanaa tis nidib banɛ bɛ India, China, nɛ Middle East.

## Gbanvɛɛnsa