Candombe

**Candombe** anɛ yʋʋma nɛ waab bʋʋdi ka ba da pinili di Uruguay banɛ da an African sankpanasnam banɛ da faaɛn ba mɛŋ la. Yʋʋm tusa ayi' nɛ awai (2009) la ni, ka United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) da nɔk candombe paas Representation List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity ni.

Candombe bɛɛ Argentina nɛ Paraguay nɛ Brazil mɛn. Fʋ yaa keŋ Argentina, li bɛnɛ Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Parana nɛ Corrientes. Fʋ yaa keŋ Paraguay, li bɛnɛ Camba Cuá nɛ Fernando de la Mora linɛ kpie Asuncion. Ka fʋ yaa keŋ Brazil, candombe nan kpɛlim zie li ziesimin ka fʋ tune ye li anɛ Minas Gerais.

Ba mɔri binna kɔnɔb kɔnɔb zinisa atan nwɛ'ɛd ka yʋ'ʋm Uruguayan yʋʋma la. Binna anɛ: chico, repique, nɛ piano. Ba ɛɛnti nwɛɛdi linɛ nwadisa ayi' la ni, Montevideo malʋŋ ka nidib waad ka ba buonɛ li ye llamadas nɛ desfile inaugural del carnaval.

## Din yi zin'isi'a
**Din yi zin'isieba**

Fʋ ya'a dɔlisid George Reid Andres, kʋdʋmin la teŋ sabilis banɛ bɛ Latin America la, 19th century tɛŋsug ka ninsabilis dasam da siiŋi basid candombe ka ye ba waa Europe's dim waa banɛ an waltz, schottische, nɛ mazurka. Tiakir kaŋa da kɛ ka Uruguay dim siiŋi tʋasid mɛn. Ka buoni ba mɛŋ ye Los Negros, upper class portenos yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisyʋobu (1860) la ni nɛ yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisyɔpɔi (1870) da diem blackface ka maal malʋŋ yinne yʋʋm wusa ni.

African-Uruguay da laasidnɛ wa'ad candombe waab la Alasid daar wʋsa nɛ vʋʋsim dabisa nwɛnɛ Yʋʋm paal yʋʋŋ, Bunia, Saint Baltasar, Rosary Virgin nɛ Saint Benito. Ba na yiiti nyuod bugum ka li tʋlig binnanam la ka ba nwɛɛd ka yʋ'ʋm candombe yʋʋma, di kas-kas anɛ yʋʋŋ-yʋʋŋ kpies ya, wʋʋ Barrio Sur nɛ Palermo bɛ Montevideo. Banɛ tnn la zabidnɛ nɛ naasaakuda banɛ da namisid nidib Montevideo teŋpukʋdigin la. Ba vʋm da kae gbinnɛ ka ba pu mɔr yɔlisim, dinɛ tiend ninsabilisi da yi zinisia na.

Yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbiswai nɛ piinɛ atan' (1913) la ni, wa'akanɛ ka' yʋ'ʋrɛ ka kʋdʋmin dim buon ye “Viejo Tanguero” onɛ da sɔb yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ ayɔpɔi (1877) waab kanɛ an tango ka mɛ laas candombe la. Waakaŋa yʋʋr da anɛ “soft tango,” ka African Argentina dim da maal.

Yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbusnii nɛ pisnii nɛ atan (1883) ni, waad waad onɛ ka o yʋʋr an Ventura Lynch da pian Argentina dim wa'awa'adib la yɛla ye ba anɛ compadritos ka bɛɛ Argentina waab zinis wʋsa. Lynch da sɔb ye, banɛ an compadritos la maaa waad Milonga tɛmpʋʋgin la, ka gɔs ka ninsabilis waab la mɔr laad. Robert Farris Thompson onɛ yi Tango la, da paal Lynch pianad la gbin ye: The Art of Love ka li paal ye tɛmpʋʋg kanɛ an compadritos waadnɛ milonga ka kae teŋkpɛŋa, gauchos. Thompson da nyɛ ka nidib banɛ waad milonga la sieba an ninsabilis ka sieba mɛ an ninsabilis pʋsʋk ka banɛ waad la pʋ lɛm mɔr ninlaasim yaasɛ.

Biili linɛ bɛ candombe la da yinɛ tɛŋkanɛ ka ba buon ye Angola zina la, lin ka ba da mɔri keŋ South America 17th century nɛ 18th century la ni. Banɛ da mɔri keŋ la da anɛ nimbanɛ ka ba da kuos Kongo, Anzigua, Nyong, Quang nɛ tɛŋsieba banɛ bɛ Portugal ka daad nidib la.

Banɛ malʋŋʋ an candombe la da nyaŋ Brazil (li kas-kas anɛ zinibanɛ bɛ Salvador de Bahia), Cuba, nɛ Rio de la Plata nɛ li tɛmpʋʋg Buens Aires nɛ Montevideo. Tɛmbama da pinil saŋa bɛɛ zin'is kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb la kɛnɛ ka ba yʋʋma la mɛ bɛ kɔnɔb-kɔnɔb. Africa dimi da maan siel wʋsa da kae bʋnsaaŋi tis Argentina dim laa, candombe mɛ da nɔbigidnɛ kpɛm paasid. Africa ninsabilis banɛ ka ba da daa ba ka ba bɛ Buenos zina la da bɛ anina hali yʋʋm tʋsir nɛ kɔbisnu nɛ pisnii (1580) la ni sa. Ban laas nɛ naasaanam la kɛ ka naasaanam la zuoe ka nidib banɛ yi Europe keŋ Argentina an wʋʋ milliyɔn ayuobʋ ka bakir da bɛɛ ba sʋʋgin. Tɛŋ la nidib da mɔr blangueamiento wada na, ka di da kɛ ka Argentina dim nidib la sie.

Buenos Aire, li yaa an gomena nama ayi banɛ da bɛ Juan Manuel de Rosas la, li anɛ naana nɛ “afroportenos” (ninsabilis banɛ bɛ Buenos Aires) na waan candombe la nidibin, ka Rosas nɛ o puayʋa Manuel laam kaae ba ka kpɛmisi ba mɛn. Ba da nyaŋ Rosas zaba ni Caseros yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisnu nɛ ayi (1852) la ni, ka Buenos Aires da pinili maan malʋŋ ka li kpɛn yaligid Europe dim malima ni. Afroportenos dim tʋasnɛ ba yaanam malima da an siem ye ba nɔbigi ba mɛŋ bɛllimin ka dinzʋg ka din yi yʋʋm tusir nɛ kɔbisnii nɛ pisyʋobʋ nɛ ayi' (1862) la nii waae sa, banɛ tisid labaya, gbaŋmiidib nɛ pɔlitis nwɛɛdib pʋ tami li tʋʋma.

## Gɔsim nɛ' mɛn
Afro-Uruguayan

Afro-Argentine

Music of Uruguay

Culture of Uruguay

Argentine tango

Music of Argentina

Culture of Argentina

Murga

Rubén Rada

Jaime Roos

Mariana Ingold

Tina Ferreira

## Gbanvɛɛnsa