Agriculture in Ghana

**Agriculture in Ghana** (Kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl lʋgʋr dim ) banɛ bɛ Ghana la anɛ banɛ mɔr kpaadib laad bɛdigʋ.  Di anɛ  ligidi yisib lʋgʋr. Ba Sʋŋid Ghana  nidib banɛ mɔr gbana nɛ banɛ kae gbana wʋsa ka paamid tʋʋma. Di zi'enɛ tis lʋgʋr kanɛ gɔsid diib yɛlla la. Ghana mɔr bʋnbʋʋda tis zin'ig wʋsa. Din yi banɛ kuod  bɔn'ɔgʋn nɛ kem paae banɛ kuod  pipirisin. Di mɔr kpaadib bʋnbʋʋda wʋʋ busa, ki nam, cocoa,  abɛ tiis, gʋʋr tiis, sʋma nɛ tibɛda nam wʋʋ  timber nam. La'ad bama anɛ yɛlkpan  kanɛ yisid ligidi Ghana kpaadib ni. Kuob nɛ gʋ'ʋl lʋgʋr la da nyaŋi tis nidib tʋʋma kɔbiga pʋʋgin wʋʋ pisnʋ nɛ atan Ghana nidib banɛ kae tʋʋma. Bɔzugɔ saa la na nyaŋi sʋŋ  agric tʋʋma la.saŋgbana la ya'a tia'as li mɔrnɛ daaŋi tisid zʋʋd banɛ ka ti kuod ligidi yɛlla nɛ banɛ ka ti kuod diib yɛlla la.

Nwɛnɛ  paalʋ ya'a an' kilometre nam wʋʋ 136,000 km2 (53,000 sq mi), ka sʋ'ʋg bɛɛ mɔr kɔbiga pʋʋgin wʋʋ pisnʋ nɛ ayɔpɔi 57% ka paalʋ  la mɔr  238,539 km2 (92,100 sq mi) di bigis nɛ ye zin'ig la anɛ kuob zin'ig ka fʋ na ye 58,000 km2 (22,000 sq mi) anɛ teŋ kpi'emis kuob zin'ig  ka   11,000  mɛ an' dɔn'ʋsʋg paalʋ zin'ig.

## Kuob
Ghana da kua si'em yʋʋm tusa ayi nɛ piinɛ anii (2018) la ni:

* 20.8 million tons of cassava (paasi anaasi daan dunia wʋsa ni, di tia'alnɛ Nigeria, Thailand nɛ Congo);
* 7.8 million tons of yam (paasi ayi dunia wʋsa ani, Nigeria gaad tuon ka ba tia'al);
* 4.1 million tons of plantain (2nd largest producer in the world, just behind Congo);
* 2.6 million tons of palm oil (8th largest producer in the world);
* 2.3 million tons of maize;
* 1.4 million tons of taro (4th largest producer in the world, second only to Nigeria, China and Cameroon);
* 947 thousand tons of cocoa (2nd largest producer in the world, second only to Ivory Coast);
* 769 thousand tons of rice;
* 753 thousand tons of orange (19th largest producer in the world);
* 713 thousand tons of pineapple (11th largest producer in the world);
* 521 thousand tons of peanut;

## Kuob nɛ gʋʋl laad

### Cocoa
Yʋʋm pisnii nɛ yinnɛ banɛ gaad la sa, banɛ mɔr cocoa tuud suori yit Ghana yiŋi kuosid la nyɛ yʋʋr hali bɛ kuob nɛ gʋʋl yela Ghana sʋʋlim. Cocoa anɛ laʋk kanɛ ka Ghana dim mɔr bɛdigʋ lɔmisid tɛɛnsi kuosid. Ba kuod cocoa Ghana nɛ tɛɛns banɛ mɔr tiis bɛdigʋ: Ashanti Region, Ahafo Region, Central Region, Eastern Region, Western Region nɛ Volta Region. Ba pinini li pɔnɔb nɛ sawaar nwadig la ni ka bʋndɛɛna lɛɛ bɛnɛ Mɔraʋg nwadig la ni. Cocoa wʋsa ligidi zɛm nɛ, li yaa kaa banɛ ka ba mɔri sʋa yi tɛŋin la kɛŋ kuosɛ. Banɛ kuod cocoa titaam mɔri pɔbibis, nidib biela kuosidi li hali. Ghana gɔmɛna gɔsid cocoa kuob yela dɔlisid lʋgir kanɛ buon Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) la ni. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ piiga ni, ban da mɔr cocoa sia yi Ghana sʋʋlim da anɛ naasaatɛŋ ligidi $2,219.5 million (US).

Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ piinɛ ayɔpɔi ni, Ghana da paasnɛ tɛɛns ayi daani mɔr cocoa yit yiŋi kuosid ka Côte d'Ivoire an yiiga, ka ligidi kanɛ da kpɛnɛ na da anɛ naasaatɛŋ ligidi $1,914 metric ton wʋsa pʋʋgin; Ba da vɛɛnsi gɔs ka cocoa na maali gaad saŋsieba nɛ 97,500 metric tons. Paasig nwa na mɔr yela bɛ kuosig nɛ daab pʋʋgin tis kpaadib banɛ  kuod pɔbibis nɛ pɔbɛda banɛka gɔmɛna pʋdigi ba 1.3-billion-dollar loon 2017–2018 ye ba ti yɔ la.

Cocoa maan Ghana sʋʋlm la sʋŋ tɛŋ la nidib tusa-tusa nɛ ligidi yela li kas kas anɛ banɛ bɛ tɛŋ la dagɔbʋg baba la. Nwa yinɛ dunia wʋsa daadiib tiakir wada ni kɛ ka cocoa kuob kɛn tuon la, ka kaa li gbirig nɛ tʋmm.

**Dankal                         ** 

Dankal mɛ anɛ bʋnsʋŋ bɔzugɔ ba mɔri li maan laad bɛdigʋ. Dankal nyaa tisid biis manam binisim k aba pʋ lɛn fabin binisim yellɛ. Ninsaalib mɔr dankal ka li an diib, amaa dankal mɛ anɛ diibi tis bʋnkɔnbid mɛn ka fʋ tɔnɔe nɔki tisi fʋ bʋnkɔnbid k aba di. Ghana anɛ tɛŋkanɛ gaad tuoni vɛɛnsidi gɔsid bʋnbʋtta banɛ mɔr nyaa. Ba kuod dankal titaam bɛnɛ yadatiʋŋ baba Ghana sʋʋlim, amaa li mɛ maani bɛ tɛŋ la wʋsa ni.

Ba nyaŋidi mɔr dankali maan ka li kilimid zɔɔm, bodobodo nɛ danam malisima. Ghana yadatiʋŋ dim nam pʋ nyaŋi paami li nyɔɔd wan wʋʋ lin nar siem bɔzugɔ tɛŋ la pʋ mɔr kʋʋlʋm ka yɛlkanɛ paas mɛ anɛ ye ba pʋ nyaŋi laas taabaa. Kpaadib la pʋ tis taaba sidaa, bɔzugɔ sɔ wʋsa mɔr o pʋtɛnɛr lin nar ye ba kuosi li siem. Laasa nam anu sʋŋid ka ba kuosid ka daad dankal, kpaadib la, kpikpiŋ dim, banɛ daadi tɔlim, banɛ daadi maan laasieba nɛ banɛ ka ba mɔri maan laad ka ba daad. Nid wʋsa mɛ mɔr o daadiŋ nɛ on kuosidi tisid sɔ. Banɛ ziid dankal ka kpaadib la mɛŋa, amaa ba nɔkid lɔɔm la ka ba ziid ka ba yɔɔdi ba.

#### Bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba kuod kuosig yela
Bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba kuod kuosig yela titaam anɛ abɛ, gungum, rɔba, kikansiind, taba nɛ bɛrigis, linɛ ka ba mɔri tɔnridi ʋgʋd baagi nam. Bama wʋsa, li anɛ abɛ tiig la tisid kpaadib ligidi gat. Baa ban paal ye bʋnbʋtta ban tɔnɔe sʋŋ ka sʋʋlim kan nɔbig la, gɔmɛna nɔk o saŋa niŋ nɛ bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba mɔri lɔmisid tɛɛnsi kuosid ni. Fʋ yaa gɔs, kikanasiind kuob lɛb nyaaŋ, bɔzugɔ, ba yɔ zinis ayi banɛ ka maan sikir la, anina ka ba da paam 237,000 tons yʋʋm pʋʋgin bɛ lin da yi yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ anaasi paae yʋʋm tusir, kɔiswai nɛpisyɔpɔi nɛ ayuobʋ la ni, amaa ba da paam nɛ 110,000 tons maa yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni.

Gɔmɛna sʋŋid nɛ ka bɔɔd banɛ mɔri rɔɔba yit tɛɛns sieba ni kuosid la gaad banɛ lɛɛ mɔri maan laad kpala ni la, ba da sʋŋ kpaadib ka ba kua hɛkanam tusatan lin na niŋ siem ka ba mɔri yi tɛɛns sieba ni kuos ka lɛɛ pʋ nyaŋi sʋŋi duoe Bonsa Tire Company, zinig kanɛ da nyaŋidi maal kɔbanam kɔnbisnaasi daar wʋsa yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii ni, baa ban pinili li ye li maal ban tusir nɛ kɔbisnu daar wʋsa la.

Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nam saŋa la, taba kuob da nɔbigid ka kɛn tuon ka ba mɔri li bɛdigʋ kɛn tɛɛns sieba ni kuosid. Taba vaand la nɔbigid tɔɔtɔ ka bɔɔd nɛ zinig kanɛ  ka kʋʋlʋm bɛ ka li na nyaŋi maal wan wʋʋ li bʋnbʋtta taaba amaa banɛ tɔnɔe banas la an sʋʋm. Ban na kuos taba ligidi siem bɛn yela da kɛ ka taba kuob lɛb nyaaŋ, yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi pinilig saŋa ba da kua nɛ baagi tʋsatan nɛ kɔbisnaasi amaa ka li sigi lɛb tuisr, kɔbisnaasi nɛ pistan nɛ atan bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ ayuobʋ nɛ ayɔpɔi saŋa, BAT (British America Tobacco) dim tʋʋma da sanam ya, kati waae nidibi da duoe gɛɛsid ye ba da lɛmis taba la, nwa da kɛ ka lampɔ kanɛ bɛ taba zugin da paas ka nidib yʋʋn mɔri li suadi kuosid.

Tʋʋma lʋgir kanɛ ka ba da buon Leaf Development Company da kɛn yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii na ye ba kua taba lin na niŋ siem ka banɛ bɛ tɛŋ la ni paam da ka li dɔlis anina ka ba mɔri yit tɛɛns sieba ni kuosid. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ ni, tʋʋma lʋgir la da kuos siel yiiga da anɛ baagi kɔbiswan banɛ ka wiim pʋ tɔne ba, mui baagi pisnu, nɛ tabkpiema baagi pisnu, ba da mɔr 250 tons yi tɛŋ la yiŋi kuos ka ban da nyɛ ligidi sia an US$380,000. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ ni, British tobacco company dim da daa Meridian Tobacco Company sʋʋgir paŋ pisnaasi nɛ awa nɛ pʋdigir ayi yinnɛ ni, kɔbiga pʋʋgin ka li da kɛ k aba mɔr paŋ anina ka gɔsidi li yela ban nɛ Social Security and National Insurance Trust. Tʋʋma lʋgir yinnɛ kanɛ buon Pioneer Tobacco Company dim da yis labaar yiiŋ na ye ba paam nyɔɔd piswai nɛ ayiŋa, kɔbiga pʋʋin, fʋ yaa yis lampɔ ka kɛ, ka li paal ye ba nyɔɔd da gaad 1 billion yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ la ni. Ban da paam ligidi sia paal zugin da anɛ ¢360 million, li da pʋdig ligidi kanɛ ka ba da yɔ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni la.

Gungum kuob da kɛn tuon hali bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi tɛnsʋk saŋa, li da paae 24,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ ayɔpɔi la ni, amaa ka lɛb nyaaŋ ka ban paam siem la da anɛ fʋ yaa pʋdig nwa abʋtan bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai la ni. Ban da tiak Ghana Cotton Development Board ka li paas Ghana Cotton Company pʋʋgin la, gungum kuob da nɔbig ya hali yi kɔbiga pʋʋgin pʋdigir anaasi paae pisnu, kɔbiga pʋʋgin bɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayuobʋ nɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai tɛnsʋk, Ghana da paam ligidi US$6 million yi gungum kuosig ni. Tʋʋma lʋgir la da bɔɔd ye yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ, nɛ tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ anu tɛnsʋk, pɔɔd wan wʋʋ 20,000 hectares ka ba na nɔki kua gungum, lin na niŋ siem ka Ghana nyaŋi paam ban bɔɔd gungum siem la, baa li yaa kaa wʋsa ka li pansig nɛ finn.

Yʋʋni linɛ yit tanama tiis ni la taa bɛnɛ Northern, Upper East and Upper West Regions banɛ bɛ Ghana sʋʋlim la. Banɛ piisid yʋʋni titaam anɛ pʋab, banɛ lɛn maani li ka tuod kʋsakpaam kuosid. Nidib banɛ piisid yʋʋmi gaad pʋab tusa kɔbiswai bɛ yatuona sʋʋlim ka ba piisid nɛ yʋʋni tusa kɔbiga nɛ pistan yʋʋm wʋsa pʋʋgin. Yʋʋni piisig anɛ tʋʋma tis pʋab banɛ bɛ tɛnkpɛmisin zinis bama ni ka li sʋŋidi ba ka ba paamid ban bɔɔd sieli daad. Tanaŋ tiig vaand mɛ anɛ tiim, ba mɔri li tiebid pʋbanasi bɛ biis ni. Ba mɛ mɔri ugun ka li tiebid zug zabir nɛ nif banas. Dunia wʋsa yʋʋni kuosig kɛn tuon ka Ghana paas tɛɛns banɛ kuosidi nɛ li laasieba bɛdigʋ.

##### Bʋnkɔnbid nɛ bʋnbʋtta banɛ dit
Bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba bʋti ba diib yela titaam sieba anɛ kawɛnna, busa, banki nɛ bʋnbʋtta sieba banɛ nyɛɛt. Baa gɔmɛna bɔɔd ye o kɛ ka nidib lɛbi kuod bʋnbʋtta banɛ ka ba dit la, bʋndidig kuob da lɛb nyaaŋ 2.7 percent yʋʋm wʋsa pʋʋgin bɛ 1971 nɛ 1973 tɛnsʋk, ka 1981 paae 1983 mɛ da an ala. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan ni la, Ghana da paam bɔɔdie ka li sial tɛŋ la bɔɔdim bɛn. Dikanɛ k aba da mɔri lɔɔŋ tɛɛnsin kuos da dʋya yi 43,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisyɔpɔi nɛ atan ni paae 152,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ yinnɛ ni.

Bʋnlinɛ yela ka ba kuob da lɛb nyaaŋ la la, lɛn paas nɛ nidibi bat tɛnkpɛmis ka kɛn tɛnpʋʋs ni la nɛ nidibi bɔɔd mui nɛ kawɛnna ka zug k abama kuob lɛb nyaaŋ. Yelbanɛ paad kpaadib anɛ ban na paam kuob laad, ba yaa bʋn na niŋ siem mɔri li paae daan nɛ nidibi mɔr diib tɛŋ sieba kpɛnɛd Ghana n aka li ligid pʋ kpiem la yela. Saŋa la tiasid la zug, li kas kas yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan ni la, wak da lu na kɛ ka bʋnbʋtta maalig sie yi 518,000 tons yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayi ni lɛb 450,000 tons. Diib kanɛ ka ba da mɔri kpɛnɛ Ghana yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ ayi nɛ pisnii nɛ atan la ni da anɛ 115,000 tons, ka ba da vɛɛnsi gɔs ka ye yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ atan nɛ pisnii nɛ anaasi yʋʋŋ la li na sie lɛb 370,000 tons. Nɔbigir da kɛna pinil nɛ yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anaasi ni, ka li da yinɛ wak la da gaad la yela. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ anii ni, kuob nɛ gʋʋl lʋgir la da nɔbigya, ka nɔbigir la bɛdigʋ da yinɛ kpaadib nina. Wak da lɛb yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni na, ka li da kɛ ka diib maalig lɛb nyaaŋ, mui maa da sɔnɔe, amaa ba da muki kua ka li kɛ ka li ligidi da sie yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai nɛ yinnɛ la ni.

Mɔtʋl nwadig la ni, yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni, gɔmɛna da bɔɔd ye o kɛ ka kuob nɛ gʋʋl lʋgir kɛn tuon. Ba da bɔɔd ye nidib kua bɛdigʋ ka diib bɛ lin na niŋ siem ka li ligidi sie. Gɔmɛna gbanar linɛ ka o da yis na yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ piswai ni la, da bɔɔd nɛ lin na niŋ siem ka bʋnbʋtta maal sʋʋŋa ka diib bɛ, linzug ka ba da kpɛmisid kpaadib la nɛ laasieba laanɛ zinis banɛ k aba na sʋadi ba laad.

Bʋnkɔnbid gʋʋlʋg da lɛb nyaaŋ ka li anɛ pɔɔg yela bɛ Ghana sʋʋlim banɛ ka tiis bɛ la, ka ba siebsa mɛ pʋ paamid yammi ɔnbida. Yʋʋm tusir, kɔbiswai nɛ pisnii nɛ awai ni, niigi kanl da an wan wʋʋ 1.2 million, ka pɛɛs an 2.2 million, ka bʋʋs an 2 million, ka kurkurnam an 550,000, ka nɔɔs mɛ an 8 million Ghana sʋʋlim.

Bɛŋa anɛ bʋnbʋttir kanɛ bɛ Ghana sʋʋim ka bʋnvʋya sieba bɛ sanamidi ba hali. Yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi nɛ ayi la ni kɛn tuon, bɛŋa kuob lɛb nyaaŋ ka bʋnvʋya banɛ sanamidi ba kɛ ka li kuob pʋ lɛn malis nidib yaasɛ. Yʋda nam la an banɛ sanamid bɛŋa hali gati ba taaba, ka li kɛt ka kpaadib sieba ɛɛnti kɔɔŋi ba diib zinis awai, pʋdigir piiga pʋʋgin. Gɔmɛna nɛ asʋʋmmɛŋ dim mugusid ye nidib kua naasaa bɛŋa ka ban pʋ kpɛnɛd yʋda walaa, baa ban nam pʋ tik nʋʋg ye ba nɔki li tʋm yʋʋm tusayi nɛ pisi nɛ ayi saŋa la, kpaadib la nyidigidi ba mɛŋi ieedi li ye ba kua. Kpaadib la mɔr tiir ye yʋʋm tusayi nɛ anaasi bɛ li kʋ paae sankanɛ ka ba na tik nuug. Kuob nɛ gʋʋl lʋgir la mɔr bʋnbʋttir la ba gbanar pʋʋgin.

## Gbanvɛɛnsa