Chinese paper cutting

**Paper-cutting**, paper-cutting an paper-nwwaasg tʋʋma la (Chinese: … pinyin …) China teŋin tunoe kaali lɛb 2nd century CE, yʋʋma kɔbʋs yi la saŋa ni, saŋkanɛ ni ka li da an Cai Lun onɛ da an kɔɔtʋ tʋmtʋn, Eastern Han Dynasty la maal paper.

Chinese paper cutting anɛ buudi malʋŋ kanɛ ka ba yam gbanae hali, ka li titti ba ligidi sʋŋa ka da naam nɛ saŋkanɛ ka ba da pinil paper maalig la. Nidib bɛdigʋ da ti kena baŋ paper nwaasʋg tʋʋma la ka li paasidi dɔɔg zaanɔɔr nɛ dɔɔg vɔɔnr vɛnlim, paper paamʋg yʋʋn da an naana saŋsia la. Nwaasʋg nam nwa an sʋm siem la, ba mɔri maadig bɛɛ tʋʋma la sʋʋgʋ nwaasid ban bɔɔd zɛmisig sia buudi wʋsa, woo zanbina  nɛ bʋnkɔnbid. Paper daagi da pʋ lɛn kpiem la, paper nwaasʋg yʋʋn da liebi Chinese folk  art kpeŋ yinne. Li nyaaŋa, tʋʋm nwa da giligi tiing dunia la zin sieba, ka sʋʋlim sieba zaŋi ba buudi malima kpɛnɛsi li ni. Ban mɔri nwaasʋg nam la niŋid zaanɔnya nɛ vɔɔnya paasidi ba vɛnlim la zugɔɔ, ba buonɛ ba sansia ye “window flowers” (…) bɛɛ “window paper cuts”. Paper banɛ ka ba nwaas nwa ye ti tabil nɛ dɔɔg vɔnya la yiŋ, kɛ ka dɔɔg la pʋʋgin nɛɛsim la gaadi tɔlig paper la nwaai, cutout la vɔɔnrin. Saŋa bɛdigʋ ni, ba mɔri paper zina tʋmmi li, ka siim zina ka ba mɔri maan sunmaasim malima ka mɔr zugsʋŋ Chinese buudi malima ni, amaa ba mɛ paasid siim sieba. Lin nar siem anɛ paper-nwaasʋg la maanɛ malima woo Chinese New Year, puadir nɛ biigduam malima, ka paper nwaasʋg tʋʋma la anɛ zugsʋŋ nɛ sunmaasim zanbin.

## Li yiib zinig
Chinese paper-nwaasʋg pinilig yinɛ ba ansestors, yaannam nɛ wina pʋʋsim pʋʋgin kanɛ an malʋŋ kanɛ paas Chinese buudi malima ni ka pinili woo millennia nama ayi banɛ gaad la sa. Archaeological vɛɛnsʋg gbana paal ye paper-nwaasʋg da pinil lɛ 6th century, yʋʋma kɔbʋs yuobʋ la ni, laam nɛ sieba tis sida ye li pinilʋg tunoe tuunsi lɛb nyaaŋi paae nɛ Warring States period (around 3 BC), saŋa bɛdigʋ ka ba nyaan maal paper. Saŋkan la, nidib da mɔri laasieba, woo, vaand, silver foil, silk hali nɛ leather, gbaʋŋ n maan negative-space patterns. Ban yʋʋn da yuolim maal paper la, nidib da kena baŋ ye li nwaar, li suab nɛ a lɔbigi li bas yɛla pʋ tɔi ya, link a paper da lieb lak kpɛŋ kanɛ ka ba mɔri tʋm paper-nwaasʋg tʋʋma la.

### '''Tang''' '''dynasty'''
Laam nɛ ban da maal paper nɛ Han dynasty saŋa la, yam kanɛ ka ba da mɔri nwaasid ka kpied laad la an lɛɛm lɛɛm la woo gold foil, silk and leaves, vaand da pʋn bɛnɛ ka ba mɔri paasid ka ba nyaan maal paper. Tang dynasty la saŋa, paper nwaasʋg da nyɛ nɔbigir hali ka sɔ wʋsa mi li China teŋin, kanɛ da kpab nɛ li siib ka paan nɛ siigin yɛla. Paper nwaasʋg kanɛ an artform paam nɔbigir nɛ Tang dynasty la saŋa, kanɛ da ka nɛ handcraft tʋʋma buudi maaa nɛ, ka anɛ artwork, ani ka ba da dɔlsid paper nwaasʋg la ni paan yam nɛ baŋir.

### '''Song dynasty'''
Song dynasty la saŋa, Chinese paper-nwaasʋg la da paam tiakir ka nɔbigir bɛdigʋ da naam, ka ba da paam zamisigi yʋʋn tʋm li nɛ baŋir bɛdigʋ. Ba da zaŋ baŋir la kpɛn yaabig ni ka maal shadow puppets. Ba ka gʋligid oily cardboarb naming, ka nwwɛnɛd gʋlib la nigid yaadi namin, blue-printed fabric came about.

### '''Ming nɛ Qing dynasties'''
source:

Ming nɛ Qing dynasty nam la ni, paper-nwaasʋg da paae li nɔbigir bɛn. Folk paper nwaasʋg da widigi paae nidib bɛdigʋ, ka ba da paali ba baŋir nɛ minilim tʋʋma li ni. Ba da nwaasʋg paper nam la paasidi zaanɔnya, vɔnya nɛ zaŋguoma vɛnlim, ka li paal sunmaasim nɛ buudi malima diema ni. Ming nɛ Qing dynasties nam la ni, paper nwaasʋg da kena an Chinese artform tʋʋm kpɛŋ. li tʋʋma zuoe ya, ka ba anɛ, lantern nɛ fan ornaments, needlework patterns, nɛ window flowers. Imperial zak dim la mɛ da mɔr paper nwaasʋg laad nam la nigidi ba yaan, ka yaal paper nam la Forbidden City la emperor, zugdaan la, puadir saŋa ni. Li vɛnllim la paal Chinese nidibi mɔr yʋʋma la baŋir siem, kɛ ka nwaasʋg nam la paani ba buudi yɛla nɛ ba malima.

Ming nɛ Qing dynasties nam la saŋa (1368-1912), tʋʋm nwa da nyɛ nɔbigir nɛ nyɔɔdi gaad saŋa banɛ da gaad la. Yʋʋma tusa bɛdigʋ nyaaŋa, nidib (kas kas puab) da nwaasid paper ka li anɛ ba vʋʋsim saŋa tʋʋma, ka maan nwaasʋg buudi gʋn gʋn ka mɔr baŋir la dɔlsidi ba biisin, kɛ ka li malima la widig zinis bɛdigʋ. Nɛŋa zugu kɛ ka dʋn kaŋa nwa China nidib baŋ paper-nwaasʋg tʋʋma.

Lin an lak la, paper pʋ yaasida ka na pʋnoe, mildews ka bɛdig. Southeast China ka Sigsaa nɛ Sigir nwadis la mɔr sakuom bɛdigʋ, kɛt ka paper punod ka bɛdigid  tɔɔtɔ; kɛ ka suotheast China dim da pʋ maan paper-nwaasʋg tʋʋma, kɛ ka li da tɔi nɛ kʋdimin yʋʋma dimi na tʋmi li. Amaa li ka ala northeast China teŋin nɛ an kpiemisɛ, ka fʋ tunoe nyɛ paper nwaasʋg tʋʋma laad ka li yit Northern dynasties Turpan, Sinkiang province.

## Li buudi nam
Paper nwaasʋg anɛ tʋʋm kʋdʋg ka an folk arts kanɛ ka nidib mi li yɛla China teŋin gaad tʋʋma wʋsa. Li na tunoe an pʋdigi an southern nɛ northern maalig. Southern maalig la yit nɛ Yangzhou bɛ Jiangsu Province nɛ Yueqing bɛ Zhejiang Province, ba maan nɛ bʋn vɛnlla hali kanɛ ka miilim nɛ baŋir bɛdigʋ kpɛn ba maaligin. Northern maalig la, ka titaam yit nɛ Yuxian nɛ Fengning bɛ Hebel Province, ka northern Shaanxi dimi maani ba bɛdigʋ, ka ba nwaasʋg la mɔr vɛnllim nɛ siesim buudi buudi kanɛ gbanad bɛdigʋ yam.

Li ya ka puum la ye tabi kpikpɛŋ la, a nwaai paper yaal dɔɔd vɔnya ni ka li paasi li vɛnllin la anɛ ye li nwaadi yim. Paper- nwaar, ka li paasid dɔɔg vɔnya vɛllim paanɛ yɛla bɛdigʋ, linɛ yɛla yi bɛdigʋ anɛ Chinese opera buudi sɔlima. Ka li anɛ kpaadbi daad paper-nwaasʋg duorim la, nwaasʋg nam la paanɛ kuob yɛla,gɛnnir tʋʋma yɛla, zimi gbaabnɛ nɔɔs gʋʋlʋg tʋʋma yɛla.

## Lin an siem

Chinese paper-nwaasʋg la anɛ tʋʋm kanɛ yi Chinese buudi malʋŋ kanɛ ka ba die yi ba yaanamin, ka li mɔri nwaasʋg buudi bɛdigʋ li zaŋ banɛ gʋlibi an biela ka mɔri fɔɔtʋ yimmir, nɛ banɛ mɔri fɔɔtʋ nama ayi ka kpɛn nwɛnɛ taab yim, ka lin maalʋg pɔɔnbin nɛ paper la bɛn bɛn ka nyaan nwwaas, kɛ ka li yaa pɔnbil, fɔɔtʋ nam la ba nwɛnɛ taab hali, ka li pɔnbini taan woo nɔɔr ayi bɛɛ anaasi. Ba nwaadi ba yam bɔɔdim, ka li paani ba bɛllim an siem dabisir wʋsa ni.

Paper zina la ka ba mɔri teŋin la, bɔzugɔ  li anɛ sunmaasim nɛ zugsʋŋ Chinese malima ni. Linɛ kɛ ka ba mɔri li maan malima nam woo puadir  nɛ buudi malima. Paper nwaasʋg kpɛn nɔbigid nɛ ka mɛ yi paae teŋ sieba ni, ka banɛ maan la mɔri laa paala yaam paala maan bʋnam kɔnɔb kɔnɔb ye ba kɛ ka tʋʋma la mɔri vʋm.

## Li tʋʋma
### '''Duorim tʋʋma'''
Source:
Chinese paper nwaasʋg la anɛ duorim yɛla yʋʋs dʋnkaŋa nwa. Chinese nidib bɛdigʋ mɔri paasidi ba dɔɔd vɔnya ka li paani ba popielim ban bɛ saŋa paaligin bɛɛ yʋʋm paalig la yɛla. Ba mɛ mɔri paper nwaasʋg nam la duorim yaan ye li paas zaŋguoma, zaanɔya, fitta, ka mɔri tisid nidib piini. Yaasɛɛ, ba lɛn mɔri ba tabin kpien ya yaŋa ni, kanɛ ka li an zugsʋŋ zanbin. Ba malʋŋ kaŋa nwa duorimidi ya, nɛ laastitada ni. Zina, ba mɔr paper nwaasʋg nam la paasidi vɛnllim, ba paasidi zaŋuoma, dɔɔd vɔnya, zaanɔnya, buos, ningɔtis, fitta ka li an piini tisid nidib. Ban tabini ba kpien yaŋa la anɛ ye li mɔr zugsʋŋi ken.ba da mɔr paper nwaasʋg nam la duorimɛ kas kas, a mɔri niŋid embroidery nɛ lacquer tʋʋma ni. Bipɔla mɔr paper nwaasʋg nam la duorimi ba laad nɛ ba gbana.

Paper nwaasʋg da anɛ ka nan kʋn anɛ duorim yɛla titaam, bɛɛ duorim malʋŋ malʋŋ kanɛ paan nidib tiir, popielim nɛ pʋtɛn sieba. Paper-nwaasʋg la niedi paan nyain yɛla kɔnɔb kɔnɔb gbini an siem. Sieba bɔɔd ye ba kuo ka paam zʋʋd bɛdigʋ, bɛɛ ba paam kpanam ba vʋmin, nɛŋa paanɛ ba pʋtɛnda ni ban bɔɔd bun sʋŋ siem, bʋnkɔnbid nɛ bʋnbʋtta nɔbigir, laam nɛ yɛlsʋma, ka carp ianki gaŋ dragon yaŋir ( Chinese buudi kpɛŋ kanɛ paan ye vʋm sʋŋ bɛɛ ba tuon), polecats, lions, kylins ( a mythical Chinese creature), jade rabbits (an animal taken from Chinese legend), pomegranates and peonies. Naasʋg la sieba paanɛ nidib banɛ tʋm hali ka ba yʋʋr yi, bɛɛ ba yaanam yɛla, bɛɛ ban da tʋm siem, woo Yellow Emperor  la nwaasʋg la, cowherd la sialʋg (…) nɛ Weaver Girl (…) nɛ filial piety sɔlima 24 la. Nwaasʋg la mɛ tunoe  paal nidib popielim ba vʋm bɛllim yɛla, woo ban na nwai paper la ka li nwɛni biig , ka ba paam o zuobidi ziel zinis ayi o zugin, bɛɛ ziŋi lubid kuomini dɔlisid yit lotus tiisin.

### '''Zanbina tʋʋma'''
Nwaasʋg banɛ yʋʋri yi hali Chinese characters anɛ characters bama… (li gbin an ‘zugsʋŋ) nɛ …(li gbin an ‘sunmaasim a bʋyi). Character nwa … anɛ zugsʋŋ zanbin ka ba paan lin nɛ Chinese yʋʋm paal malima ni ye li mɔr yɛlsʋm nɛ kpaam ken yʋʋm kanɛ dɔl la na. ba mɔr character nwa … paanɛ puadirin, kanɛ an sunmaasim abʋyi zanbin, ka paan ye ba mɔr tiir ba na di laasig la nyɔɔd. Nwaasʋg nwa anɛ Chinese buudi malima zanbina kanɛ mɔr vɛnllim ka ba sunf gbanae li yɛla hali.

### '''Siigin tʋʋma'''
Source:

Chinese paper nwaasʋg nam la mɔri paanɛ tiir, popielim nɛ siigin pʋtɛn sieba. Chinese paper nwaasʋg motifs nam woo bunib, bʋnkɔnbid, nɛ malima kuga paalʋg woo carp n inaki gaŋ dragon yaŋir la. Chinese nidib dɔlsidi paper nwaasʋgin la paani ba malima, ba yɛlsʋma nɛ ba yadda niŋir, ka li an malʋŋ titaar ba yadda paal ni.

Dɔɔg vɔɔnr paper nwaasʋg tɔɔgi nɛ spring saŋa pinilʋg, ka li anɛ li malʋŋi la ye ba duorim vɔnya la nɛ paper nwaasʋg la tʋʋs spring. China zinis bɛdigʋ, kas kas ya-datiuŋ, ba tabin paper nwaasʋg la dɔɔd vɔnya ni, ka li paan nɛ ba sunmaasim yʋʋm paal la yɛla, malʋŋ kaŋa da pʋn bɛnɛ Song nɛ Yuan dynasties la saŋa sa.

### '''Zamisʋg tʋʋma'''
Chinese paper naasʋg mɔr zamisʋg tʋʋma ka li paan biis Chinese buudi malima nɛ paper nwaasʋg la vɛnllim ka zamisid paper nwaasʋg la pinilʋg yɛla. A nwaasid paper nam la sʋŋid biis ka ba paamid nwaasʋg la baŋir, nifi gɔt nuus la tʋm siem, hand-eye coordination, a nwai ka maal, cutting and creativity.

= Nwaasʋg tma la an siem =
Source:
Chinese paper nwaasʋg maalig la buudi ayi bɛ: maalig buudi yinne tʋmmi nɛ maadins, ka nɛŋa la tʋm nɛ sʋʋg kanɛ dit sʋʋŋa. Maadins tʋʋma la ni, paper nam la bɛdigʋ -paae bʋnama anii- ka ba laasi ba lɔ, ka nyaan zaŋ maadins banɛ pʋlim hali nwai. Chinese-paper nwaasʋg tʋmmi nɛ baŋir bɛdigʋ, nwaasʋg banɛ vɛn hali, banɛ ka ba zaŋ sʋʋs, knives bɛɛ maadins maal yinne bɛɛ maal ba paal taaba zut. Ka li dɔlisidi tisid saŋa wʋsa nidibin, bɔzugɔ maalig buudi ayi la wʋsa tʋmmi nɛ baŋir nɛ minilim bɛdigʋ.

Paper nwaasʋg tʋʋma la mɔri yakir bɛdigʋ, laam nɛ paper laad la gaŋir, zaŋi keni paper buudi sia nɛ fʋn bɔɔdi li siem. Fʋ na pɔnbil paper kanɛ ka fʋ gaŋ la nɔɔrin babiga, ka lin na an siem la na gʋligi li zugin. Linɛ dɔl anɛ, nwaam gʋligir la bɛni yis sʋʋŋa, nɛ maadins bɛɛ tʋʋma sʋʋg. zana daana, fʋna lak nwaar la ka li paali li vɛnllim la. Ka fʋ na lɛn tunoe keŋ tuon nɛ paas laasieba, woo siib nɛ tɛnɛsʋg ka li vɛnllim la maligi nie. Paper nwaasʋg tʋʋma la bɔɔdi fʋ mɔr suguru, baŋir nɛ gʋʋsʋg, laam nɛ yam paalig tʋʋma la ni.

### '''Maadiŋ nwaasʋg tʋʋma'''
Maadiŋ tʋʋma la laasidi paper nam la bɛdigʋ viligi ba, ka zaŋ maadiŋi nwaas fʋn bɔɔdi siem. A laas paper nam bɛdigʋ ka nwai la kɛt ka nwaar la an yinne, consistent pattern.

### '''Sʋʋg nwaasʋg tʋʋma'''
Nɛʋŋa ni, sʋʋg tʋʋma la ni, maalig la nwaadi nɛ sʋʋg kanɛ dit hali, ka li dɔlsidi maker la bɛn, amaa tʋʋma la mittib tunoe maal nwaasʋg buudi bɛdigʋ ba yam bɔɔd siem. Sʋʋg tʋʋma la ni, ba ye zaŋi tallow nɛ tampɛligim tɛɛg teŋir ka li bʋgʋs ka yʋʋn zaŋ paper nam la bɛdigʋ paal. Ka dɔlisisid maalʋg, ka zaŋ sʋʋgi yʋʋn nwwai motifs la niŋ paper la ni, kanɛ ye an sappi. Tʋʋma la mittib tunoe maal nwaasʋg buudi bɛdigʋ ba yam bɔɔd siem ka pʋ dɔlis maaligɔ.

## Gɔsim nɛɛŋa yaas
* Chinese art
* Chinese folk art
* Chinese paper folding
* Kirigami
* Leaf carving
* Papercutting
* Scherenschnitte
* Wycinanki
* Papel picado

## Gbamvvɛɛnsa