Darberk

thumb|''Betula pendula''.
thumb|Darberkên qûntarên giran
thumb|Darberk li federedewleta alman Niedersachsenê
thumb|Daristana darberkê, Fînlenda.

**Darberk** an **darbiris** (herwiha **darbiriq**, **darbirûsk**) (lat. *Betula*) navê cinsekî riwekên famîleya darberk û gurganan (*Betulaceae*) ye. Heya 160 salî dikarin bijîn. Bo baxçevaniyê û darên wê tê çandin. Pirranî li nîvkada bakur cihwarbûyî ne. Darberk alerjiyê ditetikîne.

## Sîstematîk
Cinsê *Betula* sala 1753'yê ji aliyê Carl von Linné ve, di *Species Plantarum*, 2, rûpel 982'yê de hatiye binavkirin. Bi qasî 60 heya 100 cureyên darberkê hene:

* Darberka çînî ya sor (*Betula albosinensis* Burkill)
* Darberka zer (*Betula alleghaniensis* Britton, Syn.: *Betula lutea* auct.)
* *[[Betula alnoides]]* Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don
* *[[Betula apoiensis]]* Nakai
* *Betula* ×*aurata* Borkh. (= *B. pendula* × *B. pubescens*, Syn.: *Betula* ×*atrata* Domin, *Betula* ×*obscura* Kotula)
* *[[Betula austrosichotensis]]* V.N.Vassil. & V.I.Baranov
* *[[Betula baschkirica]]* Tzvelev
* *[[Betula bomiensis]]* P.C.Li
* Darberka şîn (*Betula* ×*caerulea* Blanch. = *B. papyrifera* var. *cordifolia* × *B. populifolia*)
* *[[Betula calcicola]]* (W.W.Sm.) P.C.Li: Die Heimat ist China.
* *[[Betula ceratoptera]]* G.H.Liu & Y.C.Ma
* *[[Betula chichibuensis]]* H.Hara
* Darberka çînî (*[[Betula chinensis]]* Maxim., Syn.: *Betula fargesii* Franch.): Die Heimat ist China.
* *[[Betula chitralica]]* Browicz
* *[[Betula coriaceifolia]]* V.N.Vassil.
* Darberka belgbindeqî (*Betula corylifolia* Regel & Maxim.)
* Darberka korêyî (*Betula costata* Trautv.)
* *[[Betula cylindrostachya]]* Lindl. ex Wall.
* *[[Betula dahurica]]* Pall.: Die Heimat ist China.
* *[[Betula delavayi]]* Franch.
* *[[Betula divaricata]]* Ledeb. (Syn.: *Betula middendorffii* Trautv. & C.A.Mey. )
* *[[Betula dolicholepis]]* Ovcz., Czukav. & Shibkova
* Darberka Erman, darberka zêrî (*Betula ermanii* Cham., Syn.: *Betula ganjuensis* Koidz., *Betula paraermanii* V.N.Vassil., *Betula shikokiana* Nakai): Welatê wê Çîn e.
* *[[Betula falcata]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula ferganensis]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula forrestii]]* (W.W.Sm.) Hand.-Mazz.
* Darberka devî (*[[Betula fruticosa]]* Pall., Syn.: *Betula fusca* Pall. ex Georgi): Li Çîn, Korê, Mongolya û Sîbîryayê.
* *[[Betula fujianensis]]* J.Zeng, Jian H.Li & Z.D.Chen
* Darberka gulokî (*Betula glandulosa* Michx.)
* *[[Betula globispica]]* Shirai
* *[[Betula gmelinii]]* Bunge: Welat Çîn.
* Darberka gilyazane (*Betula grossa* Sieb. & Zucc., Syn.: *Betula ulmifolia* Sieb. & Zucc.)
* *[[Betula halophila]]* Ching: Li Çînê.
* *[[Betula heptopotamica]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula honanensis]]* S.Y.Wang & C.L.Chang
* Darberka bêqîmet (*[[Betula humilis]]* Schrank (Syn.: *Betula fruticans* Pall., orth. var.): Li navenda Ewropa, Qazaxistan, Mongolya.
* *[[Betula insignis]]* Franch.
* *[[Betula jarmolenkoana]]* Golosk.
* *[[Betula jiaodongensis]]* S.B.Liang
* *[[Betula jiulungensis]]* P.C.Li ex Q.Lin: Li Çînê.
* *[[Betula karagandensis]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula kenaica]]* W.H.Evans
* *[[Betula kirghisorum]]* Sav.-Rycz.
* *[[Betula klokovii]]* Zaver.
* *[[Betula korshinskyi]]* Litv.
* *Betula* ×*koehnei* C.K.Schneid. (= *Betula papyrifera* × *B. pendula*)
* *[[Betula kotulae]]* Zaver.
* *[[Betula kunarensis]]* Browicz
* *[[Betula lanata]]* (Regel) Vassilcz.
* Darberka şekirî (*Betula lenta* L.)
* *[[Betula litwinowii]]* Doluch.
* *[[Betula luminifera]]* H.J.P.Winkl.
* *[[Betula margusarica]]* V.N.Vassil.
* Darberga belgzîrfon, darberka mîran (*Betula maximowicziana* Regel)
* Darberka qefqazî (*Betula medwediewii* Regel)
* *[[Betula megrelica]]* Sosn.
* *[[Betula michauxii]]* Spach
* *[[Betula microphylla]]* Bunge
* *[[Betula minor]]* (Tuck.) Fernald
* *[[Betula murrayana]]* B.V.Barnes & Dancik
* Darberka hûrik, auch Polar-Birke (*Betula nana* L., Syn.: *Betula exilis* Sukaczev): Li navenda Ewropayê.
* *[[Betula neoalaskana]]* Sarg. (Syn.: *Betula resinifera* Britton)
* Darberka reş, darberka robaran (*Betula nigra* L.)
* Darberka avê (*Betula occidentalis* Hook., Syn.: *Betula fontinalis* Sarg.)
* *[[Betula ovalifolia]]* Rupr. (Syn.: *Betula extremiorientalis* Kuzen. & V.N.Vassil., *Betula paishanensis* Nakai, *Betula tatewakiana* M.Ohki & S.Watan.): Li Japan, Rûsya, Korê û Çînê.
* *[[Betula ovczinnikovii]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula pamirica]]* Litv.
* Darberka qaxezî, Marshall, Syn.: *Betula excelsa* Aiton, *Betula lyalliana* Koehne, nom. nud.)
* *[[Betula paramushirensis]]* Barkalov
* Darberka qûmê (*Betula pendula* Roth, Syn.: *Betula verrucosa* Ehrh., *Betula tristis* Wormsk. ex Link, *Betula aetnensis* Raf. ex J.Presl & C.Presl): Ji navenda Ewropayê belavbûye.
* *[[Betula platyphylla]]* Sukaczev (Syn.: *Betula japonica* Sieb. ex H.J.P.Winkl., nom. nud., *Betula mandshurica* (Regel) Nakai, *Betula szechuanica* (C.K.Schneid.) C.-A.Jansson)
* Darberka boz, (*Betula populifolia* Marshall)
* *[[Betula potamophila]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula potaninii]]* Batalin
* *[[Betula procurva]]* Litv.
* *[[Betula psammophila]]* V.N.Vassil.
* Darberka avevekê, (*Betula pubescens* Ehrh., Syn.: *Betula alba* L., *Betula czerepanovii* N.I.Orlova, *Betula tortuosa* Ledeb.)
* Darberka devî ya amerîkan (*Betula pumila* L.)
* *Betula* ×*purpusii* C.K.Schneid. (= *B. glandulifera* × *B. lutea*)
* *[[Betula pyrolifolia]]* V.N.Vassil.
* Darberka devî ya qefqazî (*Betula raddeana* Trautv.)
* *Betula* ×*raymundii* Lepage (= *B. populifolia* × *B. pumila* var. *glandulifera*)
* *[[Betula regeliana]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula rockii]]* (Rehder) C.-A.Jansson
* *[[Betula saksarensis]]* Polozhij & A.T.Malzeva
* *Betula* ×*sandbergii* Britton (= *B. glandulifera* × *B. papyrifera*)
* *[[Betula saposhnikovii]]* Sukaczev
* *[[Betula saviczii]]* V.N.Vassil.
* Darberka hesinî (*Betula schmidtii*) Regel
* *[[Betula seravschanica]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula schugnanica]]* (B.Fedtsch.) Litv.
* *[[Betula sunanensis]]* Y.J.Zhang
* Darberka Sichuanê (*Betula szechuanica* (C.K.Schneid.) C.-A.Jansson)
* *[[Betula tadzhikistanica]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula tianschanica]]* Rupr.
* *[[Betula turkestanica]]* Litv.
* *[[Betula tuturinii]]* V.N.Vassil.
* *[[Betula uber]]* (Ashe) Fernald
* Darberka hîmalayayî (*Betula utilis* D.Don, Syn.: *Betula jacquemontii* Spach)
* *[[Betula wuyiensis]]* J.B.Xiao: Die Heimat ist China.
* *[[Betula zinserlingii]]* V.N.Vassil.

## Çavkanî

* Yasin J. Nasir: *Betulaceae.* Di: Eugene Nasir, S. I. Ali (weşan.): *Flora of West Pakistan,* Band 95, 1975, Stewart Herbarium, Rawalpindi, ''Betula'' - online.  (ne bi kurdî ye)

## Wêje
* Pia Järvinen, Anna Palmé, Luis Orlando Morales, Mika Lännenpää, Markku Keinänen, Tuomas Sopanen, Martin Lascoux: *Phylogenetic relationships of Betula species (Betulaceae) based on nuclear ADH and chloroplast matK sequences.* In: *American Journal of Botany*, Band 91, Nr. 11, 2004, S. 1834–1845, .

## Girêdanên derve

* Di bijîşkiya gelêrî de.  (almanî)

Kategorî:Famîleya darberk û gurganan