Famîleya ebreşûmiyan

**Famîleya ebreşûmiyan**, **ebreşûmiyan** *(Asclepiadoideae),* ji binekomeke famîleya kinfan (Apocynaceae) re dibêjin. Riwekên navdar ên vê famîleyê cureyên kulîlka berate (Amorphophallus titanum) ên wekî stapelia, hoodia, huernia û Orbea ne ku kulîlkên wan wekî berateyan bêhn didin.

## Sîstematîk
[thumb|[Kulîlka tacan (*Calotropis gigantea*).]]
[thumb|''[Gomphocarpus fruticosus*.]]
[[Wêne:Sarcostemma cynanchoides 2004-05-24.jpg|thumb|*Funastrum cynanchoides*.]]
[[Wêne:Larryleachia sp.jpg|thumb|*Larryleachia cactiformis*.]]
[[Wêne:Ceropegia racemosa MS 2397.JPG|thumb|[[Birbisîna guşîkî]] (*Ceropegia racemosa*).]]
[[Wêne:Ceropegia sandersonii1.jpg|thumb|[[Birbisîna leflefok]] (*Ceropegia sandersonii*)]]
[[Wêne:Oxystelma bornouense MS4282.JPG|thumb|*Oxystelma bornouense*, Kaboré-Tambi-NP, [[Burkîna Faso]].]]
[[Wêne:Microloma_calycinum_PICT2490.JPG|thumb|*Microloma calycinum*]]
[[Wêne:Hoya pubicalyx1AthenesEyes.jpg|thumb|*Hoya pubicalyx*.]]
[[Wêne:Sundial House (Schönbrunn) Fockea capensis 20080216 a.jpg|thumb|*Fockea capensis*.]]
[[Wêne:Dischidia rafflesiana vMH165.png|thumb|Îlustrasyona (*Dischidia rafflesiana*).]]
[[Wêne:Dregea sinensis1UME.jpg|thumb|Pel û gupika *Dregea sinensis*.]]
[[Wêne:Stephanotis floribunda1scott.zona.jpg|thumb|[[Fetloka tacî]] (*Stephanotis floribunda*)]]
[[Wêne:Starr 060721-8421 Telosma cordata.jpg|thumb|*Telosma cordata*.]]
Berê sala 1797 famîleya Asclepiadaceae ji aliyê [[Moritz Balthasar Borckhausen]] ve di ferhenga bi navê *Botanisches Wörterbuch - Ferhenga botanîk*, c. 1, r. 31'ê de wekî famîleyeke serbixwe hatiye ravekirin. Lê lêkolînên molekulerbiyolojîk da aşkerakirin gelek dişibe [[famîleya kinfan]]. Niha hin riweknas wekî famîleyeke serbixe, hin jî wekî binekoma famileya kinfan terîf dikin.

Famîleya Asclepiadoideae ji 4 şax, 12 binekoman pêk tê. 172 riwek endamên vê malbatê ne. Li di hin xebatan de hejmara cinsan zêdetirî 300 û endamên wê jî nêzîkî 3000'î hatine tomarkirin. Tevlîhevî ji hevpariyên bi famîleya kinfan tê.

* Şax [[Fockeeae]] <span class="Person">Kunze, Meve & Liede</span>
** *Cibirhiza* <span class="Person">Bruyns</span>
** *Fockea* <span class="Person">Endl.</span>
* Şax [[Marsdenieae]] <span class="Person">Benth.</span>
** *Anatropanthus* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
** *Anisopus* <span class="Person">N.E.Br.</span>
** *Asterostemma* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
** *Campestigma* <span class="Person">Pierre ex Costantin</span>
** *Cathetostemma* <span class="Person">Blume</span>
** *Cionura* <span class="Person">Griseb.</span>
** *Clemensiella* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
** *Cosmostigma* <span class="Person">Wight</span>
** *Dischidia* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
** *Dolichopetalum* <span class="Person">Tsiang</span>
** *Gongronema* <span class="Person">(Endl.) Decne.</span>
** *Gunnessia* <span class="Person">P.I.Forst.</span>
** *Gymnema* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
** *Heynella* <span class="Person">Backer</span>
** *Hoya* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
** *Jasminanthes* <span class="Person">Blume</span>
** *Lygisma* <span class="Person">Hook. f.</span>
** *Marsdenia* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
** *Oreosparte* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
** *Pycnorhachis* <span class="Person">Benth.</span>
** *Rhyssolobium* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
** *Sarcolobus* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
** *Stephanotis* <span class="Person">Thouars</span>
** *Stigmatorhynchus* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
** *Telosma* <span class="Person">Coville</span>
** *Treutlera* <span class="Person">Hook. f.</span>
** *Wattakaka* <span class="Person">Hassk.</span>
* Şax [[Ceropegieae]] <span class="Person">Decne. ex Orb.</span>
** Binekom [[Anisotominae]] <span class="Person">Meve & Liede</span>
*** *Anisotoma* <span class="Person">Fenzl</span>
*** *Emplectanthus* <span class="Person">N.E.Br.</span>
*** *Neoschumannia* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
*** *Riocreuxia* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Sisyranthus* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
** Binekom Heterostemminae <span class="Person">Meve & Liede</span>
*** *Heterostemma* <span class="Person">Wight & Arn.</span>
** Binekom [[Leptadeniinae]] <span class="Person">Meve & Liede</span>
*** *Conomitra* <span class="Person">Fenzl</span>
*** *Leptadenia*  <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Orthanthera* <span class="Person">Wight</span>
*** *Pentasacme* <span class="Person">Wall. ex Wight</span>
** Binekom [[Stapeliinae]]

*** *Apteranthes* <span class="Person">J.C.Mikan</span>
*** *Australluma* <span class="Person">Plowes</span>
*** *Baynesia* <span class="Person">Bruyns</span>
*** *Boucerosia* <span class="Person">Wight & Arn.</span>
*** *Brachystelma* <span class="Person">Sims</span>
*** *Caralluma* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span> 
*** *Caudanthera* <span class="Person">Plowes</span>
*** *Ceropegia* <span class="Person">L.</span>
*** *Desmidorchis* <span class="Person">Ehrenb.</span>
*** *Duvalia* <span class="Person">Haw.</span>
*** *Duvaliandra* <span class="Person">M.G.Gilbert</span>
*** *Echidnopsis* <span class="Person">Hook. f.</span> 
*** *Edithcolea* <span class="Person">N.E.Br.</span>
*** *Hoodia* <span class="Person">Sweet ex Decne.</span>
*** *Huernia* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span> 
*** *Larryleachia* <span class="Person">Plowes</span>
*** *Lavrania* <span class="Person">Plowes</span>
*** *Monolluma* <span class="Person">Plowes</span>
*** *Notechidnopsis* <span class="Person">Lavranos & Bleck</span>
*** *Ophionella* <span class="Person">Bruyns</span>
*** *Orbea* <span class="Person">Haw.</span> 
*** *Orbeanthus* <span class="Person">L.C.Leach</span>
*** *Pectinaria* <span class="Person">Haw.</span>
*** *Piaranthus* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Pseudolithos* <span class="Person">P.R.O.Bally</span>
*** *Quaqua* <span class="Person">N.E.Br.</span>
*** *Rhytidocaulon* <span class="Person">P.R.O.Bally</span>
*** *Richtersveldia* <span class="Person">Meve & Liede</span>
*** *Socotrella* <span class="Person">Bruyns & A.G.Miller</span>
*** *Stapelia* <span class="Person">L.</span> 
*** *Stapelianthus* <span class="Person">Choux ex A.C.White & B.Sloane</span>
*** *Stapeliopsis* <span class="Person">Pillans</span>
*** *Tavaresia* <span class="Person">Welw.</span>
*** *Tridentea* <span class="Person">Haw.</span>
*** *Tromotriche* <span class="Person">Haw.</span>
*** *White-Sloanea* <span class="Person">Chiov.</span>
* Şax Asclepiadeae <span class="Person">(R.Br.) Duby.</span>
** Binekom [[Astephaninae]] <span class="Person">Endl. ex Meisn.</span>
*** *Astephanus* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Microloma* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Oncinema* <span class="Person">Arn.</span>
** Binekom Asclepiadinae <span class="Person">Endl. ex Meisn.</span>
*** *Aidomene* <span class="Person">Stopp</span>
*** *Asclepias* <span class="Person">L.</span>
*** *Aspidoglossum* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
*** *Aspidonepsis* <span class="Person">Nicholas & Goyder</span>
*** *Calotropis* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Cordylogyne* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
*** *Fanninia* <span class="Person">Harv.</span>
*** *Glossostelma* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
*** *Gomphocarpus* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Kanahia* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Lagarinthus* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
*** *Margaretta* <span class="Person">Oliv.</span>
*** *Miraglossum* <span class="Person">Kupicha</span>
*** *Odontostelma* <span class="Person">Rendle</span>
*** *Pachycarpus* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
*** *Parapodium* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
*** *Pergularia* <span class="Person">L.</span>
*** *Schizoglossum* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
*** *Stathmostelma* <span class="Person">K.Schum.</span>
*** *Stenostelma* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
*** *Trachycalymma* <span class="Person">Bullock</span>
*** *Woodia* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
*** *Xysmalobium* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
** Binekom [[Tylophorinae]] <span class="Person">(K.Schum.) Liede</span>
*** *Biondia* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
*** *Blyttia* <span class="Person">Arn.</span>
*** *Diplostigma* <span class="Person">K.Schum.</span>
*** *Goydera* <span class="Person">Liede</span>
*** *Pentatropis* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Pleurostelma* <span class="Person">Baill.</span>
*** *Rhyncharrhena* <span class="Person">F.Muell.</span>
*** *Tylophora* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Vincetoxicum* <span class="Person">Wolf</span>
** Binekom [[Cynanchinae]] <span class="Person">K.Schum.</span>
*** *Adelostemma* <span class="Person">Hook. f.</span>
*** *Cynanchum* <span class="Person">L.</span>
*** *Glossonema* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Graphistemma* <span class="Person">(Champ. ex Benth.) Champ. ex Benth.</span>
*** *Holostemma* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Mahawoa* <span class="Person">Schltr.</span>
*** *Merrillanthus* <span class="Person">Chun & Tsiang</span>
*** *Metaplexis* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Odontanthera* <span class="Person">Wight</span>
*** *Pentarrhinum* <span class="Person">E.Mey.</span>
*** *Pentastelma* <span class="Person">Tsiang & P.T.Li</span>
*** *Raphistemma* <span class="Person">Wall.</span>
*** *Schizostephanus* <span class="Person">Hochst. ex Benth.</span>
*** *Sichuania* <span class="Person">M.G.Gilbert & P.T.Li</span>
** Binekom [[Metastelmatinae]] <span class="Person">Endl. ex Meisn.</span>
*** *Barjonia* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Blepharodon* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Ditassa* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Hemipogon* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Hypolobus* <span class="Person">E.Fourn.</span>
*** *Macroditassa* <span class="Person">Malme</span>
*** *Metastelma* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Minaria* <span class="Person">T.U.P.Konno & Rapini</span>
*** *Nautonia* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Nephradenia* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Peplonia* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Petalostelma* <span class="Person">E.Fourn.</span>
*** *Rhyssostelma* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Tassadia* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
** Binekom [[Orthosiinae]] <span class="Person">Liede & Rapini</span>
*** *Jobinia* <span class="Person">E.Fourn.</span>
*** *Orthosia* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Scyphostelma* <span class="Person">Baill.</span>
** Binekom [[Oxypetalinae]] <span class="Person">K.Schum.</span>
*** *Amblyopetalum* <span class="Person">(Griseb.) Malme</span>
*** *Araujia* <span class="Person">Brot.</span>
*** *Funastrum* <span class="Person">E.Fourn.</span>
*** *Morrenia* <span class="Person">Lindl.</span>
*** *Oxypetalum* <span class="Person">R.Br.</span>
*** *Philibertia* <span class="Person">Kunth</span>
*** *Schistogyne* <span class="Person">Hook. & Arn.</span>
*** *Stenomeria* <span class="Person">Turcz.</span>
*** *Tweedia* <span class="Person">Hook. & Arn.</span>
*** *Widgrenia* <span class="Person">Malme</span>
** Binekom [[Gonolobinae]] <span class="Person">(G.Don) Liede</span>
*** *Dictyanthus* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Fischeria* <span class="Person">DC.</span>
*** *Gonolobus* <span class="Person">Michx.</span>
*** *Gyrostelma* <span class="Person">E. Fourn.</span>
*** *Macroscepis* <span class="Person">Kunth</span>
*** *Matelea* <span class="Person">Aubl.</span>
*** *Pherotrichis* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Polystemma* <span class="Person">Decne.</span>
*** *Prosthecidiscus* <span class="Person">Donn.Sm.</span>
*** *Rojasia* <span class="Person">Malme</span>
*** *Schubertia* <span class="Person">Mart.</span>
*** *Stelmagonum* <span class="Person">Baill.</span>
*** *Trichosacme* <span class="Person">Zucc.</span>
* Asclepiadeae incertae sedis (Unsichere Stellung)
** *Calciphila Liede & Meve
** *[[Diplolepis]]* R.Br.
** *[[Emicocarpus]]* K.Schum. & Schltr.
** *[[Eustegia]]* R.Br.
** *[[Oxystelma]]* R.Br.
** *[[Pentacyphus]]* Schltr.
** *[[Seshagiria]]* Ansari & Hemadri
** *[[Solenostemma]]* Hayne