OpenStreetMap

**OpenStreetMap** (**OSM**) គឺជាគម្រោងសហការរួមគ្នាមួយ ដើម្បីបង្កើតឲ្យបានជាផែនទីពិភពលោកសេរីឥតគិតថ្លៃមួយ ដែលអាចកែសម្រួលបានដោយសហគមន៍អ្នកប្រើប្រាស់ ។ កំលាំងជំរុញចំបងធំៗដែលស្ថិតនៅពីក្រោយការបង្កើតនិងកំណើតប្រជាប្រិយភាពនៃ OSM មាន២ចំនុច៖ ១) ការដាក់កំហិតឬលក្ខខណ្ឌលើការប្រើប្រាស់ ឬស្ថានភាពមិនអាចរកបាននូវព័ត៌មានផែនទីនៃបណ្ដាតំបន់នានាពាសពេញពិភពលោក និង ២) ការចូលមកនៃឧបករណ៍ satellite navigation ចល័តដែលមានតំលៃសមរម្យ។

The OpenStreetMap approach to mapping was inspired by sites such as Wikipedia; the map display features a prominent "Edit" link and a full revision history is maintained. Registered users can upload GPS track logs and edit the vector data using free GIS editing tools like JOSM.

### ទិន្នន័យបញ្ចូល
All data added to the project need to have a license compatible with the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike license. This can include out-of-copyright information, public domain or other licenses. All contributors must register with the project and agree to provide data on a Creative Commons BY-SA 2.0 licence, or determine that the licensing of the source data is suitable. This may involve examining licences for government data to establish whether they are compatible.

This change in the licensing means that data added in future must be compatible with both the Open Database License and the new Contributor Terms in order to be accepted.

### កម្មវិធី Software
Software used in the production and presentation of OpenStreetMap data is available from many different projects and each may have their own licencing. The application&nbsp;— what users access to edit maps and view changelogs, is powered by Ruby on Rails. The application also uses PostgreSQL for storage of user data and edit metadata.

The default map is rendered by Mapnik, stored in PostGIS, and powered by an Apache module called *mod_tile*.

Certain parts of the software, such as the Flash-based map editor *Potlatch2*, have been made available as public domain.

### Apple
With the launch of iPhoto for iOS on  Apple Inc. started using OpenStreetMap data for photos with geolocation tags embedded. iPhoto for iOS 1.0.0 initially lacked OSM attribution. Later an updated version, 1.0.1, was released which contains the required OSM attribution.

### Blog/CMS Integration
The WordPress OpenStreetMap plug-in inserts maps and adds geo meta tags to posts / pages of WordPress blogs.

Drupal has multiple OpenStreetMap plug-in modules to integrate database content with OpenStreetMaps.

Joomla also has a variety of OpenStreetMap related modules and plug-ins.

### ទិន្នន័យផែនទី
Map data is available for download in a variety of formats and for different geographical areas:
* OpenStreetMap OSM the European Commission Joint Research Centre, the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, UNOSAT
* **Ways** are ordered lists of *nodes*, representing a polyline, or possibly a polygon if the last node is equal to the first.
* **Relations** are groups of *nodes*, *ways* and other *relations* which can be assigned certain properties.
* **Tags** can be applied to *nodes*, *ways* or *relations* and consist of *name=value* pairs.

Up to version 0.4 of the protocol, an intermediate element between nodes and ways (*segments*, line segments which two node produced) was also used.

### Usage of elements
* **Nodes** represent map features without a size, such as points of interest, mountain peaks, or centers of a settlement.
* **Ways** (despite their name) are used both for representing linear features (such as streets and rivers), and for areas (such as forests, parks, parking areas or lakes). Sometimes an ambiguity between a line and an area is resolved by adding an `area` tag to an object (such as to indicate that a circular walking path object represents a walking area rather than a walking loop). Since a way can only define an area as a polygon, it cannot describe an area with a hole (such as a forest with a clearing). This is accomplished with relations.
* **Relations** are used for representing the relationship of existing nodes and ways. Examples include turn restrictions on roads, routes that span several existing ways, and areas with holes.
* **Tags** are used to store metadata about the map objects (such as their type, their name and their physical properties). A recommended ontology of map features (the meaning of *tags*) is maintained on a wiki.

## មើលផដដែរ
*Collaborative mapping
*Counter-mapping
*Google Map Maker
*Google Maps
*Neogeography
*OpenLayers
*WikiMapia
*Comparison of web map services

## ឯកសារយោង
## អានបន្ថែម
*  
* 
* OpenStreetMap in the media (2005 to present) (OSM wiki link)
* OpenStreetMap in scientific publications (OSM wiki link)

## តំណភ្ជាប់ខាងក្រៅ
*OpenStreetMap - project page with editing interface
*OpenStreetBrowser - simple map viewer
*OpenStreetMap Foundation
*OpenStreetMap Wiki
**Map Compare* tools.geofabrik.de online-comparison between Google Maps and OpenStreetMap
*OpenSource navigation system
*Illustrated BBC report about OpenStreetMap helping in Haiti after the earthquake
*Evolution of European OpenStreetMap coverage 2006-2010 (video)
*OSM 2008: A Year of Edits (video)