open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Obici cia patenti

**Obici cia patenti**

Obici kana organaizationi iria cihenaga patenti thutha wa mũndũ kana kambuni Kũgũndũria kĩndu kĩa mũũkano.

## KIPI

Kĩhandiro gia patenti gia Kenya

## JPO

Obici ya patenti ya Jaabani.

## EPO

Organaizationi ya mabururi ma ruraya ya kuhena pantenti

## USTPTO
Obici ya kũheana maki cia wonjoria na patenti ya USA.

## WIPO

Organaizationi ya thĩ ya kuhena patent na puropatĩ cia ũguũakania.

Ũthuthuria wa Patent
Hinya wa kũyua ũgi

## Hinya wa kũyua ũgĩ

Hinya wa kũyua ũgĩ ũkoragwa mahinya marumanirire mana: Kũgia (aquisition), kũmerithia(Assimilation), kũgarũrania (Transformation) na gũtumĩra (Explotation) [1].

Mahinya manya kambuni ingimenda no mũhaka imethe na imagie  marũmanĩrire. ũgĩ nĩ hinya.

## Kũgia na ũgĩ

Kambuni kana gwataniro nyethe ũgĩ kumananja. Ni wega kambuni kumenya ũgĩ űria ungĩ mĩteithia.

## Kũmerithia ũgĩ

## Kũgarũrania ũgĩ

## Gũtumĩra ũgĩ

kũgwete:

1. Zahra  S. na George G. Absorptive Capacity: A review, reconceptualization and extension, Akademĩ ya kuroria kũmananji, Manja 27/3 ,2002,.
Kũhamira TV Digito

**Kũhamĩra TV Digito**

Thĩ nĩ ĩĩ Kũhamĩra terebeceni cia Digito kuma cia Anarogu gũgĩkinya mwaka wa 2015. Terebiceni  Digito cia ciedetwo nĩ tondũ nĩiri mbica njega gũkĩra cia anarogu, na ningĩ ũkinyanĩria wa Digito nogwo ũtũmagĩrwo nĩ Komputa. Kwogwo umo(data) ya Terebereceni no itumire netiwaki imwe na Komputa.

Gerekano ya macindano ma tekinorojĩ nĩ digital ĩrĩa ĩcidĩate ya Analogu [1]. Gũcinda gũkũ nĩkwo gũratũma mabururi mathamĩre Digito TV. Tekinoronjĩ njeru ikoragwo na ngoro tondũ andũ matikoragwo mamenyete wega ngũcithondeka, na nĩ mendaga gũcokia mbia ira matũmire ũtuariani na ũthondeki [1]. Gĩkĩ nĩkio gĩtumi TV cia Digito ciĩna ngoro no thogora  nĩ ũgũthiĩ na mbere gũcuka, ota ũria thimu cia mobailo ciA gĩire raithi.

**TV Anarogu gũtũmĩra ũkinyanĩria wa Digito**

Mũndũ wĩna TV anarogu agũraga seti-igũru gathandũkũ (Set-top box) Karia ka ngaruraga sigino cia Anarogu igatuĩka cia digito.

Kũgwete

1. Thayathi na Tekinoronjĩ, wikipedia ya Gĩgĩkũyũ, 2012. Thayathi_na_teknoloji
Super and Smartcard computers

**Komputa cia Kĩrimũ  na Kadi njara**

**Komputa ya kĩrimũ** 

Ĩhana marimũ  matene maria maarĩ na tũnua twĩri kamwe na mbere na karia kangĩ na thutha. Komputa ĩno nĩ ĩri igera nyingĩ cia kũruta wĩra, ciakarĩra wĩra thĩ nĩ ĩrutage wĩra mũingĩ mũno.

Kambuni ithondekaga komputa cia kĩrimũ nĩ: IBM, Fujitsu,  na Cray

**Kadi njara**

Komputa ikoragwo ihagiritwo kadi ta ya ATM, ga computer gaka gakoragwo kadinĩ gatirĩ coho no nikari cĩhĩ.

Kambuni ithondekaga Kadi njara nĩ:

**Ibandĩ njeru mĩaka Ibandĩ njeru miaka igukaguka**

Ibandĩ njeru mĩaka ĩguka miaka ĩgũka igakorwo cicia kandi njara.

Robot
Fujitsu

**Fujistu**

Kambuni ya bururi wa Japani. Fujistu nĩyo kambuni ya kerĩ kwa ũnene thĩni wa thĩ ya gũthondeka Komputa . Nĩ ĩthondekaga computer mĩthemba miangĩ ta Mainframu na Komputa cia kĩrimũ.

Super and Smartcard computers
Analogy

**Kũngerekania**

Kũngerekania nĩgũtũmargirwo maunduinĩ maingĩ ta gwetha anja ya mathini na guthoma. Ngerekano imwe itumagirwo muno ni kumenya uria atom ihana na kumegerikania na sora thithitemy ya riuawa na thĩ ciayo mugwaja.

Kũngerekania ni gutamirwa ngorithimu cia Kũrutithania na cia kũngarũrania
Argentina

**Argentina**

Bururi wa Amerika ya Kuthini. Cĩtĩ nene ĩtagwo Buenos Aires.

Andũ a bururi ũyũ maragia ruthiomi rwa Spanish.
Peru

**Peru**

Bururi wa Amerika ya kuthini. Mucii munene wa Peru ni Lima.

Bururi uyu waragio ruthiomi rwa Spanish.
Thimu

**Thimu** ya mbere gũthungudwo nĩ thimu ya raini ya hamwe (tumite thimu ya hamwe), mĩaka mĩrongo itadatu thutha ũcio thimu ya mobairo ĩ gĩthugundwo, thutha ũcio thimu ya setiraiti ĩ gĩthugundwo.

Gwĩ thimu mithemba ĩrĩ cia mobairo na cia waya. Thimu cia mobairo iria ciratumirwo kahinda gaka cirutaga wĩra wa Komputini na ūkinyaniria.

Kenya kwĩ thimu na mirioni mirongo iri cia mobairo. Ũű nĩ kwonani ici nīcio macini ĩrĩa ĩna andũ angĩ műno.

Ta uria kuri maritwa ma igera cia ngari, maritwa ma igera cia mobairo ni mekwendekana. Andu angi ni moĩ ngari ni ĩri injini no matiű mobairo ni ĩri kigera gitagwo cipiyu.

Thimu cia mobairo itūmagira netwaki ciatagwo cerorũra, iria ihotithagia thimu igĩrĩ ikinyanirie sigino. kwĩ marika  ma netiwaki ya thimũ cia mobailo nĩ kũri rika(kana 'hiriya' na rũthiomi rwa Oromo) rĩambere (1G), rĩa kerĩ (2G), rĩa gatatũ(3G) na rĩa Kana(4G)[1]. Netiwaki nyingi Kenya nĩ cia (2G), rĩa gatatũ(3G),

cerorũra netiwaki itūmagĩra makűmbi ma rĩdio maria arĩ makűmbi ma Erektro-Ũthimakũ

**Komputini ya thimu**

**ūtūgata**

ūtūgata wa thimu wĩtagwo ūtūgata data(umo) na ūkoragwo wĩ wa: magomano na nduĩmĩrĩri nguhĩ ya SMS, mĩhango ya bengi na Gũtũma mbia na thimu. ūtūgata ūyū nĩ wenda netiwaki nĩgetha thimu nyaranĩrie na computer ĩrĩa ĩhenaga ūtūgati wa muthemba ūria ūrendakana.

**itūmirwo**

komputini nĩkoragwo na sofutiwea itūmagĩrwo ta: ciūthi, camera na ingi.

## Netiwaki cia thimu
Thimu ĩgĩrĩ nĩgetha cihote kwaranĩraa no mũhaka cigino ciume thimuinĩ ĩmwe ci thiĩ kwĩ thimu ya kerĩ. Netiwaki ya thimu ĩkoragwo hau gatagatĩ ga thimu iria irakinyanĩria cigino. Wira wa netiwaki nĩ gũthondeka gacira karia cigino ikũgerera. Kwĩ netiwaki mĩthemba ĩtatu cia thimu: cerorũra ,setiraiti na cia raini ya hamwe.

## Mithemba ya thimu
Kwĩ mĩthemba ĩrĩ ya thimu: thimu cia kawaida na thimu njara

## Kuria kugwete
1. wikipedia. Thayathi na teknoloji  2012

Sofutiwea na handiwea ya thimu
Erektro-Ũthimakũ

**Erektro-Ũthimakũ**

Ni gucitidĩki(force) na enanji ĩkoragwo na makumbĩ, mĩrũri,iharo cia thitima na iharo cia thimaku.

Spectrum(Githungu) ya Erektro-Ũthimakũ ikoragwo na
Makumbĩ ma rĩdio
Makumbĩ ma microwave
Makumbĩ ma infrared
Mĩrũri ya ũtheri
Mĩrũri ya Gamma
Mĩrũri ya X-Ray.

Ũthimakũ
Kĩheo ya Nobero 2012

**Kĩheo ya Nobero 2012**

1. Kĩheo Kĩa nobero kia thayũ kia heirwo Unioni ya Ruraya

2. Kĩheo Kĩa thayathi cia Ũcuumi 

3. Kĩheo Kĩa Ũthagia

4. Kĩheo Kĩa Kĩrira

5. Kĩheo Kĩa Fithĩki 2012

Kĩheo ya Nobero
Kĩheo Kĩa Fithĩki 2012

**Kĩheo Kĩa Fithĩki 2012**

Kĩheo gĩkĩ kĩheirwo andũ erĩ nĩ űndű wa űtuĩria wa gűthondeka mĩtego ya henuki(photon) na Ioni. Andu aya ni David wineland na Serge Haroche .

Kũgerithimithia kwa gũtumira Meciria nĩ gutumagirwo muno thiini wa Kwotamu mekanik [1] iria ikoniĩ Kĩheo Kĩa ũtuĩria uũria wekirwo nĩ andű aya.

Kĩheo ya Nobero

**Haria hagwete**

1. Kĩrathi kĩa nobero, Ngűthuguthia na guthima kwotamu thithitemu nyene, Royal swedish Academy of sciences 2012.
Tekinoronjĩ cia Kĩmerera

**Tekinoronjĩ cia Kĩmerera**

Tekinoronjĩ cia Kĩmerera nyingĩ iria citumagirwo Abirĩka ciarĩ ĩmwe kũndĩ kũingĩ. Tekinoronjĩ ici itirĩ ciagia na mũthingi wa kĩthayathi. Tekinoronjĩ muthemba uyu cithiaga mbere ya ugi wa thayathi na rimwe kurumirirwo ni ugi ucio.
Democratic Republic of the Congo

**Democratic Republic of the Congo**

**Matemo**

Bururi wetagwo tene Zaire wa Abirika. cĩtĩ nene yakwo itagwo Kinshasha.

**Thiomi**

Ni kwaragio thiomi nyingĩ cia kiabirika. Rũthiomi ruria tumagirwo cukuru na obici nĩ Kĩfaranja.

**Ucuumi**

Ũrĩmi na kwenja minũrũ.
Madagascar

**Madagascar**

**Matemo**

Bururi  wa Abirika. cĩtĩ nene yakwo itagwo Antannarivo. Nĩ bururi wa gicigira ũrĩa mũnene mũno Abirika.

**Thiomi**

Ni kwaragio ruthiomi rwa kiabirika rwitagwo Malagasy. Rũthiomi ruria tumagirwo cukuru na obici nĩ Kĩfaranja.

**Ucuumi**

Ũrĩmi .
Storms

**Ihuhũkanio**

Kwi ihuhũkanio mithemba mĩngĩ ta Tonardo, cyclone na hurricane(githungu).

Nyina wa nduire
Cuindeni

**Cuindeni**

Bururi wa Rũraya. Muciĩ mũnene wa Cuindeni wĩtagwo stockholm.

Kiheo cia nobero kĩheyanagwa nĩ Cuindeni.

**Ũcuumi wa Cuindeni**

Cuindeni nĩ ĩwanda nyingĩ cia Telecommunications(memekinyithia). Kambuni ya Erickson yarĩ ya bururi ũyű mbere ya kűgűrwo nĩ sony.

**Innovation sweden**

Cuindeni nĩ bũrũri ũmwe wa marĩa innovation he pacenti ya mũigana wa andu nĩ nene mũno. Cuindeni ĩĩ andu matakinyite mirioni ikumi.
Netharandi

**Netherlands**

Bururi wa Rũraya. Muciĩ mũnene wa Netherlands witagwo Amsterdam. Nerthlands nĩyo thoko nene ya mahũa maria kenya nyendagia.

**Ũcuumi wa Netherlands**

Netherlands wĩ kambuni cĩthondekaga indo cia erektroniki. Kambuni ya erektroniki ya Philips nĩ ya Netherlands. Nĩ ũri ĩwanda cia mahũa matiinie na nĩgwo wendagia mahũa maingĩ mũno Rũraya.
Nyina wa nduire

**Nyina wa nduire**

**Matemo**

Nyina wa nduire na Githungu etagwo mother nature.

Nyina wa nduire  kahinda tũrĩ nĩ akoretwo akĩrakaraĩ
**Nduire**

Nduire nĩ ĩyathaga wega tiga andũ ma mĩthogothire na kũmĩkira thumu kana kũmĩthũkia na njĩra ingĩ ta gũtema mĩtĩ. Nduire ithondeketwo ni iũndũ
nyingi ta huho, heni,

**Kũrurumũka kwa Nyina wa nduire** 

Nyina wa nduire  nĩ arurumukaga rĩmwe na gũkagia na ihuhukanio, Eronino, Ranino na iũndũ ingĩ ta icio. Mwaka wa 1998 ni kwagire na mbũra nene ya Eronino, karũĩ kanini ni kanehehaga ta maita mirongo ĩrĩ. Eronino ĩno ni nyathukirie indo nyingĩ na kurehe hathara nene.

Mwakainĩ 2012 mweri wa Octomba kĩhuhukanio kĩnene kia Hurricane (githungu) gitagwo Sandy nĩ kĩngerere USA na Haiti.

**Nyina wa nduire nĩyo nduire**

Nduire ndiri muoyo ona ndaciragia. Andu kumatene mageragia kuona uria mangi tumira maumiriro ma nduire, ta kwankika nguo riuainĩ. thayatisti ni mangaire iundu cia nduire iria irithomagirwo thayathi na gucibanga: Kemuinĩ, fithikiinĩ na Baoyoronjĩinĩ.

Nduire nĩ ĩrĩ mĩbango ona onda.  Mĩbango ĩno ĩmenyekanaga  na wandikwo thiori na mawatho. Thiori na mawatho maya nĩtamo katiba nduire na nimetagwo mawatho ma nduire(natural laws).

Mawatho matano ma Newton,
Mawatho ma Mĩrukĩ,
Laws of Thermodynamics,
NEMA

Thayathi cia ndũire
Haiti

**Haiti**

**Matemo**

Bũrũri wa Caribbean. ŨKoragwo wĩ wa gĩcigĩrĩra. Muciĩ munene wa Haiti witagwo port prince.

**Ucuumi**

Ũrĩmi na iwanda itari nyingĩ

## Mauuge Ma Haiti

Lè poul a gen dan
Gĩtabuto : rĩrĩa ngũkũ ikamera magego

Gĩtaũro: tondũ hatirĩ hingo ngũkũ ikamera magego nĩ uuge ũhũthagĩragwo kũregana kaimana

Se lave men, siye l atè
Gĩtabuto : Nĩ kwĩthambia moko ũgacoka ũkehura tĩri-inĩ

Gĩtaũro : Nĩ wĩra wa tũhũ!

Kreyol pale, kreyol konprann
Gĩtabuto : aria Gĩkrio, ũtaũkwo gĩkrio.

Gĩtaũrwo : tiga gũtukania maũndũ na warie na kinyi

Bouche nen ou pou bwè dlo santi
Gĩtabuto : wĩkunye maniũro rĩrĩa ũkũnywa maaĩ maunjugu.

Gĩtaũro : hingo ingĩ, nĩbataranagia kwĩnyihia nĩgwo ũhonoke

San pran souf
Gĩtabuto : hatarĩ kũhuhia

Gĩtaũro : gwĩka kĩndũ o rĩmwe.

Piti piti zwazo fè nich li
Gĩtabuto : kahora na kahora kanyoni kathondekaga itara rĩake

Gĩtaũro : mũtũrĩre ũrũmbũyũkaga o kahora, ndũkanakue ngoro.

Gate san
Gĩtabuto : thakame mbuthu

Gĩtaũrũ : kĩhũthikaga kuuga mũndũ nĩ mũrakaru

Sou de chèz
Gĩtabuto : itĩinĩ igĩrĩ

Gĩtaũro : na njĩra, ithĩranu

Al bwa chat
Gĩtabuto : gũtwĩka nyau ya mbaũ

Gĩtaũro : gũkwa

Achte figi
Gĩtabuto : kũgũra ũthiũ

Gĩtaũro : kwĩendekithia kwĩ mũndũ na njĩra ya kũmũgana.

Met dlo nan diven
Gĩtabuto : kũongerera maaĩ ndivainĩ yake

Gĩtaũro : kũhorohia ndeto ndũrũ

Pran nan twa wa
Gĩtabuto : kũng'ethanĩrana na athamaki atatũ

Gĩtaũro : Gũkorwo wĩ hatĩkainĩ nene

Pran fil
Gĩtabuto: gũtongoria
Gĩtaũro : kwĩrica, kũgĩa ngumo

Rache zeb anba pye
Gĩtabuto : gũtũgũta nyeki rungu wa magũrũ

Gĩtaũro : kũhingĩrĩria mũndũ ndakanathereme

Tet neg
Gĩtabuto : kĩong'o kĩa mũndũ

Gĩtaũro : kĩndũ kĩa goro

Bat laponyet
Gĩtabuto: kũringa rũhĩri

Gĩtaũro : gwĩkenia kiwendo

Ret nan wol ou
Gĩtabuto: ikara wĩrainĩ waku
Gĩtaũro : Menyerera maũndũ maku.

Li Pa gen nen nan figi li
Gĩtabuto : ndarĩ na iniũrũ ũthiũ

Gĩtaũrũ : mũndũ mũkĩgu

W ap voye flè
Gĩtabuto : ũtũmaga mahũa

Gĩtaũro : wĩna itherũ ihunyũku.

Ti Mari p ap monte, Ti Mari p ap desann
Gĩtabuto : Kamari gatikũhaica, Kamari gatikũikũrũka

Gĩtaũro : Maũndũ magũtũra ũrĩa matarie

Abraham di sètase
Gĩtabuto : Abraham arauga nĩciaigana

Gĩtaũro : ciaigana nĩ ciaigana

Pwoblèm p ap fini
Gĩtabuto : Mathĩna matirĩ mũthia

.

Ban m zorey mwen
Gitabuto : He gũtũ

Gĩtaũro : Kira!

Tann jis nou tounen pwa tann
Gĩtabuto : eterera ginya ugĩe na mboco

Gĩtaũro : Eterera kahinda karaya.

## Rora

>> Thimo cia Haiti
Digital Electronics

**Digital Electronics**

Digital Electronics ni Digito Erektroniki.  Erektroniki muthemba ũyũ itumaga sigino itigithũkanĩte.

**Sabujekiti ithomagwo Digito Erektroniki**

Boolean Logic - Boolean Rogiki. Ritwa Boolean ni ritwa ria mundu uria wa thondekire rogiki muthemba ûyũ.

Gates - ihigo - circuit (gĩthungu) cia Digito Erektroniki ithondekagwo na ihigo mithemba ta itatadatu ta  Kĩhigo Na, Kĩhigo Kana,Kĩhigo Nor.

Mathomo ma kombuita thayathi
Logic

**Ronjiki ihuthikaga kurepresenti norenji ya macini.**

Kwĩ ronjiki mithemba mĩngĩ ta:

1. Boolean Logic

kuga niguo kana tiguo

2. Proposition Logic

uria indo ciitainwo. kwa muhiano.  Kamau e mbere ya njeri 

Ihuthagira alama cia conjuction (and) na disjuction (0r)

3. Predicate Logic

Ronjiki ino ituraninagira indo ciothe cia seti furani. Kwa muhiano Ngui ciothe cii maguru mana

ihuthagira arama cia existential na universal

4. Fuzzy Logic

Ino ni ronjiki ya kunina uncertainities thinii wa norenji
Boolean Logic

**Boolean Rogiki**

**Matemo**

Ritwa Boolean nĩ rĩtwa rĩa mũndũ ũria wa thondekire rogiki mũthemba ûyũ. Nĩyo rogiki ĩria ĩtũmagirwo mũno mathomoinĩ.

**Ũrũka wa Boolean rogiki**

Boolean rogiki mathabu ma: ma na maheni, kwogwo ikoragwo na mĩena ĩrĩ. ũndũ wothe thĩini wa rogikiĩno ũkoragwo wĩ wa ma kana maheni.
NEMA

**NEMA**

NEMA nĩ National Enviroment management authority na githungu kana Nacono authoritĩ ya Kũmanĩnji macigiriria. Nĩgetha gwakwo ndamu kana Kiwanda NEMA ni ithuthuragia na kuhena riboti kanaĩç undu ucio ni uguthukia macingiriria.

Gĩkaro kia NEMA nĩ 

  www.nema.go.ke
RFID

**RFID**

RFID nĩ Radio Frequency Identification kana na Gikuyu Rĩdio ũcokeri Njitaburishe.

RFID ihana ũtagathi wa kameme, no mũndũ akoragwo na thiteceni ya gũtagatha mũhuko na thomi(ira yoyaga sigino ikagirwo handu ikuhota guthoma sigino iria iramu thiteceni ya RFID)

GPS
GPS

**GPS**

GPS nĩ Global Positioning system kana na Gikuyu Ngirobo thithitemu ya kwonania haria Kĩrĩ.

GPS nĩ ĩtumagirwo kenya kwonania haria kindu kĩrĩ.

RFID
Train

**Mũgithi**

Macini nene ĩgerega reriinĩ. Injini ya mugithi nĩyo itogoragia na ikagucia mbogi nyingĩ.

## Reri

Reri ya kenya ya kirwo nĩ Ngeretha. Reri ĩkoragwo na cuma igĩrĩ ndaihu iria iyitithanagio na cuma nyingi nguhi. Reri nyajitie mombasa igathia ngiya Jinja uganda.

## Thiteceni cia mũgithi

Mũgithi urumaga tu thiteceni.

## Hithitori ya mũgithi

## Enanji cia mũgithi
Mĩgithi ĩrĩa ĩkwo ĩratũmĩra thitima kana maguta ma betũrũ, no tene ni kwarī Mĩgithi ya tũmagĩra kũrũ.
Sri Lanka

**Sri Lanka**

Bururi wa gicigirira wa Asia.

## Thio cia Sri Lanka

Maragia thiomi cia Sinhalese na Tamil. Ni marutagwo Githungu irathiini imwe thĩinĩ wa cukuru.

## Ucuumi wa Sri Lanka
Űrimi wa machani, Raba na indo ingĩ. Nĩgwo bururi uria ukaragia machani maingi muno thiinĩ wa thĩ.  Iwanda cia gũthondeka bitha ciumanite na űrimi ta taĩri iria ithondekagwo na raba.
Australia

Bururi wa gicigirira wa Kĩburu kĩa **Australia**. Nĩgwo ũrĩ andũ angĩ thĩini wa Kibururi gĩkĩ.

## Thiomi cia Australia

Maragia rũthiomi rwa Gĩthungu .

## Ucuumi wa Australia

Nigwo ucuumi uria munene thĩinĩ wa Kibururi kĩa Australia. Ucuumi wa guo ukoragwo na minũrũ na iwanda
Gambia

Bururi wa Abirika. Muciĩ mũnene wa **Gambia** witagwo Banjul.

## Thiomi cia Gambia

Maragia rũthiomi rwa Gĩthungu .

## Ucuumi wa Gambia

Ucuumi wa guo űkoragwo wĩwa űrĩmi.
Gabon

Bururi wa Abĩrika. Muciĩ munene wa **Gabon** witagwo Librevile.

## Thiomi cia Gabon

Maragia rũthiomi rwa Kĩbaranja.

## Ucuumi wa Gabon

Ucuumi wa guo űkoragwo wĩwa űrĩmi na minűrű cia betűrű.
Gwacĩ

## Ngwacĩ

Mĩmera ĩrĩagagwo mĩri. Nĩ mumera utambaga thĩ. Ngwacĩ nĩ ciendetwo mũno ni nyamũ itagũo huko.

## Kũhanda Ngwacĩ

ngwacĩ ihandagwo mĩrio.

## Mĩthemba ya Ngwacĩ

Kwĩ Mĩthemba miingĩ ya Ngwacĩ.
Ikwa

## Ikwa

Mũmera űrĩagagwo mĩri. Nĩ mumera ũtambaga mĩti. Ikwa kaingi ihadagwo műtĩinĩ wa mũkugugũ nĩgetha gikwa kione gwagũtamba.

## Kũhanda Ikwa
Karati

## Karati

Mĩmera ĩrĩagagwo mĩri. Karati ĩkoragwo ĩĩ ndune.

## Kũhanda Karati

karati ihandagwo mbegu tutoinĩ. oo mbegu imwe ya karati iciaraga karati imwe.
Mĩanga

## Mĩanga

Mũmera űrĩagagwo mĩri. Nĩ mumera wa mũti utarahiga mũno.

## Kũhanda Mĩanga

Mwanga ũhandagwo karũhonge kana katingi. karũhonge gaciaraga mĩanga ĩrĩ kana makĩria. Kwĩ mabururi mariagwo ngima ya Mĩanga.
Ndũma

## Ndũma

Mũmera űrĩagwo mĩri. Nĩ mumera kaingĩ űkuragio ngurumoinĩ. 

## Kũhanda Ndũma

Ndũma ĩhandagwo mweu. 

## Mĩthemba ya Ndũma
Kwĩ Mĩthemba miangĩ ya Ndũma
Waru

Waru () nĩ mũrema ũtahagwo kuuma mĩima ya mũri wa  mũmera wa Solanum tuberosum, na ũhũthikaga ta gĩtoero icigo nyingĩ cia thĩ.
Mũtego wa huko

**Mũtego wa huko**

Mũtego wa huko ũkoragwo wĩ wa Baoyoronjĩ na Mekaniko. No mũhaka mũtegi wa huko amenye mĩtugo ya huko na ũcio nĩ ũhoro wa Baoyoronjĩ . Nĩ mekaniko tondũ mathomo ma   ũgeteki na hinya ũrĩa wagirire gũtega huko ũthomagirwo mekaniko injiniarini. 

Mũtego wa huko ũthondekagwo na mũkembe mũrutanie mĩena ĩrĩ, rurigi twa naironi, na mũti ũkũgeteka.

**Mũtego wa huko wa mũũkano**

Mũndũ wa mbere guthondeka Mũtego wa huko  ndoĩkaine no erũo arĩ injinia mũkurani mũno. Mũndũ  ndethire patenti ya kugiria andu gutega huko atamahete rutha. Mũndũ  ũyũ ahana ota murugi wa ngima ya mũũkano uria onake atoikaine Ngima. 

**Muthondekere wa Mũtego wa huko**

Kambuni kana mundu angienda tekinoronjĩ njeru akoragũo na njira ithatu cia guika uguo: Kũhamia tekinoronjĩ, kwigerenia na aria moĩ guthondeka tekinoronjĩ kana gutumira inovacioniThayathi na teknoloji. Kahinda gaka tutira na ugi mugima wa uria huko itegagwo kugũo tugutumira njira ya kwigerenia na aria moĩ guthondeka tekinoronjĩ kana gutumira inovacioni

**Kũhamia tekinoronjĩ ya  Mũtego wa huko**

Nigetha umenye guthondeka tekinoronji no muhaka wethe mundu wia ugi wa guthondeka mutego ũyũ.

Ona Obici cia patenti na Ũthuthuria wa Patent

Huko
Njogu

## Njogu

Nyamũ ya mũthemba wa mamo ĩria nene mũno ya thĩ Nyumũ.

## Maisha ma Njogu

## Muhianire wa Njogu
Nyagumi

Nyamungumi nĩ nyamũ ĩria ĩikaraga maaĩinĩ. Nĩ nyamũ nene gũkĩra nyamũ ciothe thĩini ya thĩ. Nĩ nyamũ ya mũthemba wa "mamo",iria iciaraga na ikongithia, thutha wa gukua ihu gwa kahinda(mammal).

## Andu mabũrũri mendete kũrĩa Nyamungumi
Kwĩ mabũrũri nyamungumi nyendetwo mũno ta Amerika, Jaabani, Korea, China, Ngeretha na mangi maingĩ.
## Maisha ma Nyamungumi

## Muhianire wa Nyamungumi
Űtara wa data

**Data Structures**

Űtara wa data rűtara rűtűmagirwo kubanga data nigetha programu ithondekeke wega.

## Mithemba ya utara wa data

Mathomo ma kombuita thayathi
Űtara wa sofutiwea

**Sofutiwea architecture**

Űtara wa sofutiwea rűtara rűtűmagirwo kubanga tucunji twa sofutiwea nigetha sofutiwea ithondekeke wega.

## Mithemba ya utara wa sofutiwea
Kwĩ mĩtara mĩangĩ ya sofutiwea ta: ita na ucoke (call and return), Brakibodi, Kindű basi na ingĩ nyingĩ.

Mathomo ma kombuita thayathi
Wiki Incubator

**Gikomererio kĩa Wiki**

Nĩ műthemba wa gikomererio gia tekinoronjĩ kiria gitethagiria miradi ya wiki iria mieru gukura.
Computation theory

**Thiori ya Komputasoni**

Mathoma mathomagwo ũhoro wa kĩthiori ũrĩa komputa ĩrutaga wira. Nĩ guthomagwo mathomo ma macini cia kĩthiori ta Turing na ingĩ. Ona Macini cia kĩ thiori.
Macini ya Turing

**Macini ya Turing**

Kamacini gatűmagĩrwo kueretha urĩa komputa ĩrutaga wĩra. Macini ĩno ĩkoragwo na tĩĩpu ta ĩria ya nyimbo, kĩongo gĩa guthoma na kuandĩka. Tĩĩpu ya macini ĩno nĩ ĩgayanĩtio tũthikwea. oo gathikwea no kandikwo karakata ĩmwe.
Object oriented Design

**Ũkũruri wegemere Kĩndu**

Hinda ya mĩhango ya gũkũrura thithitemu ūkũri wegemeire Kindũ ni ũtũmagirwo. Mũthondere ũyo wa sofutiwea ũkoragwo wĩna mũrũgamire wa kĩ firosofĩ atĩ thĩĩ ĩthondeketwo nĩ indo, na andũ meciragia magiritumira maritwa ma indo, na kwogwo njĩra ya gũthondeka sofutiwea ĩratumĩra indo no ĩkorwo ĩ huthũ.

**Mathugundo ma Ũkũruri ũyũ wa sofutiwea**

ũgai

Thiritu

Kĩrathi

Kĩndu

**Mĩhiano ya Ũkũruri ũyũ** 

Gwĩ thiomi nyingĩ itũmagĩra mũkũrurire ũyũ  ta : UML (Ruthiomi Rumwe Ruhianania).
Novel Bulb

**Ngirobu ya mũũkano**

Ngirobu  ya mbere  ya kuruta ũtheri wa thitima ya thondekirwo Thomas Edison. 

ũruka wa Ngirobu īno nĩ:
   1. Nī ya hiuhaga mũno na kuogũo kwanaga thitima
   2. Thogora wa iguru mũno
   3. Ngirobu yari nene mũno 
   4. Andu ni maumaga kundu kuraihu guthia kuono andu aria mari na ngirobu muthemba ũyũ.
   5. Ngirobu ino niyahiga naihenya

ũgi ũrĩa watũmĩrtwo gũthondeka ngirobu ino warĩ wa igũrũ mũno na nduonekanĩte thĩ ringĩ.
Microsoft

**Microsoft**

Kambuni nene ithondekaga Sofutiwea Tekinoronjĩ.

Sofutiwea cia Microsoft nĩ: Microsoft obici, Visual Studio.net, Microsoft sava ua gucenjania, Ndwari thithitemu cia Microsoft

**.Neti Framewaki**

Gĩtaara kia iguru kĩrĩa gĩtumagirwo guthondeka tekinoronjĩ iria ciandikaga sofutiwea ta visual studio.net.
Cocoa

**Cocoa**

Muti matunda magwo matumagirũo gũthondeka cocoa.

Mabururi makuragia cocoa nyingi thiini wa thĩ nĩ Ghana na Côte d'Ivoire
Machani

**Machani**

Muti mahuti magwo matumagirũo gũthondeka Machani.

Mabururi makuragia cocoa nyingi thiini wa thĩ nĩ Sri Lanka na Kenya

## Kuhanda Machani

## Guthondeka Machani
Igwa

**Igwa**

Muti wagwo utumagirũo gũthondeka Sukari.

Mabururi makuragia cocoa nyingi thiini wa thĩ nĩ ? na ?

## Kuhanda Igwa
Igwa ihandagwo ithethwa.

## Guthondeka Sukari
Ebola

**Ebola**

Ebola murimu urehagwo ni vairasi ya Ebola. Kwi vairasi cia Ebola ithano imwe ciacio iruragia andu murimu wa Ebola kurigana na gikaro kia rurenda kia WHO.
Thithitemu thiori

**System theory**

**Kũmenyithania**

Thithitemu nĩ kĩndũ kĩngima kĩna ibandĩ irutaga wĩra kũhingia mũoroto wa thithithimu.

Thithitemu thiori nĩ thiori yerethaga ũria thithitemu ĩrutaga wĩra. Thithitemu ikoragwo na ibandi cia: gwikirathĩinĩ, kũrutĩra na kũrutanja.

**Thithitemu thiori**
Ũtuĩria na ũthondeki

**Ũtuĩria na ũthondeki** nĩ Research and development ũrĩa ũtũmagĩra ũgĩ wa mũthingi kũma maũgĩ ma mathomo.
Microsoft obici

**Microsoft office**

Microsoft obici nĩ thuti ĩria itumagirwo mũno komputa cia PC ma obiciinĩ. Ihana thuti tondũ sofutiwea ciothe cia Microsoft obici ĩkoragwo na kĩmauthio(Interface) kĩmwe. Interface ino niyo itumaga mundu ahoto gutumira komandi iria ikoragwo Sofutiwea ici. Interface iria ihotithagia mundu gutumira sofutiwea itagwo human computer interface(Komputa mundu kĩmauthio)

Bill Gates
Njaranda

**Njaranda nĩ Journal** mũthemba wa magazine yandĩkagwo ũhoro wa ũtuĩria kana ũhoro ũtamekanĩte wega.

Njaranda cia ruredainĩ: Njaranda ya kũhe ũhoro thayathi, Erektroniki Njaranda ya Ũramati ũũgĩ, ũhoro na sofutiwea tekinoronjĩ, Njaranda  ya  TRIZ, Njaranda  ya ũreroĩki (cybernetics) na thithitemu, na ingĩ nyingĩ.

IEEE Njarada (IEEE nĩ Injinia a thitima Erektroniki a Kĩmabururi (ITEK))
    ITEK Sofutiwea
    ITEK Komputa
    ITEK ihonania cia thithitemu mundu na ũreroĩki 

Ũkinyanĩria wa Thiritu ya komputiini macini - communications of ACM

Njaranda ya uthomi wa pan Abirika

**Mithemba ya Njaranda**

Kwĩ mithemba ĩrĩ ya Njaranda: ndore ni Arika na ĩtarĩ ndore nĩ arika. Mũrika nĩ mũndũ  wĩna utalamu wa artiko, urĩa uroraga artiko kana nĩ njega.
Kũgerithimithia kwa gũtumira Meciria

**Kũgerithimithia  Meciria**

Kũgerithimithia kwa gũtumira Meciria nĩ thought experiment. Kũgerithimithia  gute gutumagira miro, kigererio kana githimiro (Laboratory). Kũgerithimithia  Meciria gutumarigirwo hindi gutari miro igihota gutumirwo Kũgerithimithia.

Kũgerithimithia  Meciria nĩ ĩgera itũmagĩrwo kũhura mbica cia meciria nĩgetha gũtuaria nduire, gutumagirwo fithikiinĩ, ucuumiinĩ, mathabuinĩ na firofĩinĩ[1].

**Kugwete**

1. Thought experiments, Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy 2011.
Intel

**Kambuni ya Intel**

Kambuni nene ithondekaga Cipiyu cia PC. Hĩndi ĩria Intel ya thondekire Cipiyu cia PI, PII, PIII, PIV na PV nĩ cia gĩre ngumo mũno.

Microsoft
Kwotamu mekanik

**Kwotamu mekanik**

Kwotamu mekanik ni quatum mechanics mathomo ma tubiri. Kwotamu mekanik ni mekanik maria mathodekirwo thutha wa mekanik ma ũkirathi. Kwotamu mekanik ni makoragwo na nganja ta iria citaragirio ni kiumi kia Njiriri cia Heisenberg.

**kabiri gathadũkũinĩ**

Ũgikira kabiri gathadũkũinĩ na ũhinge, kwĩ ũhotekeki wa kabiri kũhũngura na gũkorowo ke nja ya gathadũkũ. Mathomo ma uhunguri(tunneling) wa tubiri ni mamwe mathomagwo kwotamu mekanikinĩ.

**Ciũria itahana Ciũria**

Grafu ya maundu ma tubiri magoka nĩ njore kana uhotekeki niguo utumagiruo? na Kabiri nĩrĩ gakoragwo ge kabiri na nĩrĩ gatwikaga ĩkũmbi? Ciũria cioririo ũtuĩriainĩ wa kugeria kumenya uria arutwo a fithiki meciragia. mathomo na ũtuĩria ni utumagira uhotekeki mũno.

## Rora
>>Tũbiri twa muthingi
>>Erwin Schrodinger
>>Kiohari

## Mĩhothi
Ũguũki wa Biacara

**Business Intelligence**

 Ũguũki wa Biacara ũtumagira data ya kambuni gũthondeka Ũguũki. Ũguũki  ũyũ ũtethagia kambuni gwika maũndũ mayo wega.
Tharaka (Carboni)

**Tharaka ('carbon**' na Kĩngeretha**) nĩ [[Kĩcaka (Atomu)|kĩcaka]]**  gĩkoragwo kaingĩ gĩkĩũmba ngora ta karama, makara, indaraka na ingĩ kana kũrũinĩ. Atomic namba yayo ni ithathatu. Carbon na gikuyu niatitwo Karbon.

Njakaranda cia tharaka: Hydrokarbon

tharaka-nithi (carbon dioxide)
HdroKarbon

**HydroKarbon** (Hydrokarbon) ĩthondeketwo na Karbon (Carbon) na Hydrogen. Nduireinĩ nĩ yonekaga Betũrũinĩ na Mĩruki ya kũrũga ĩrĩa yumaga na thi.

## Rora
>>Atomu
>>Carbon
>>Hydrogen
>>Thabuni
Hydrogen

**Hydrogen** nĩ Erementi (Kĩnyamu) ticuma ĩkoragũo ĩĩ mĩruki kaingĩ ikoragwo kompaudiinĩ cia maĩ na maguta ma betũru. Atomic namba yayo ni ĩmwe(1). Nĩyo atomu ĩria huthu muno. Ĩkoragwo na Erektroni ĩmwe na Protoni ĩmwe. Karűgamiriri kayo nĩ H. Ũbanduithia wayo nĩ 1S1

**Mohana ma Karbon**

Hydrogen nĩ nyakanaga rĩerainĩ na kũruta ũrugarĩ na gũthondeka mĩruki ya Maĩ.

Kompaudi cia Karbon: HdroKarbon
Fuzzy Logic

**Ronjiki ya Kĩbii**

Ronjiki ĩtũmagĩrwo kwandĩka na gũtaarania maundũ matarĩ makiyu biu. Ũhoro ta mũndũ kũraiha ti ũndũ andũ magĩhota gwĩtĩkaniria othe.

kuuga mũndũ nĩ mũraya na ugĩ nĩ mũkuhi nĩ gĩthimo kĩrĩkũ ũratũmĩra. No tuge mũndũ ũria mũraya muũno thĩ yothe nĩ muraya na ũria mukuhĩ thĩ yothe nĩ mukuhĩ andu acio angĩ  me gatagatiinĩ  tũmire Ronjiki ya Kĩbii tũmahe pacenti ya ũraihu.
Macartsa

**Riplik ca Macaritsa** (Magyarország) wĩ thiinĩ ya Éurópé ya mwena wa itherero. Mwena wa rũgũrũ kũrĩ bũrũri wa Ostri, mwena wa itherero kũrĩ Bũrũri wa Ukraeni, naguo bũrũri wa Ruman,Tarb wĩ mwena wa mũhũro. Bũrũri wa Sloveni, Hortski mĩkitalje Macaritsa.
Tekinoronjĩ paki

** Tekinoronjĩ paki**

Paki itumagirũo kuonania tekinoronjĩ njerũ iria ithondeketũo thĩini wa bururi na thĩ na gutethiriria uthondeki wa Tekinoronjĩ.
Thayathi paki

**Thayathi paki**

Thayathi paki nocio paki cia ũthimũri. Paki itũmagĩrũo kũonania thayathi njerũ  thĩini wa bururi na thĩ na gũteithĩriria ũthondeki wa tekinoronjĩ cia mũũkano.

Atalamu marutaga wĩra paki cia ũthimũri nĩ Athimũri, Injinia, tekinoronjist na Athethetia(Entrepreneurs) aria makoragwo na 
ũtalamu wa iga igũru kuri wa kawaida.

Thayathi paki njake nĩ:

Bangarole cĩtĩ paki

Cambridge

Silicon Valley

Stellenbosch

Zonerika
National innovation system

**National innovation system (NIS)**

Thithitemu ya inovacioni ya bũrũri wothe. Thithitemu ĩno nĩyo itũmaga bũrũri ũhote gũthondeka indo nyingĩ njeru cia mũũkano.  

Thithitemu nĩ kĩndũ kĩngima kĩna ibandĩ irutaga wĩra kũhingia mũoroto wa thithithimu [1]. mũoroto wa NIS ni gutuma bururi  uhote gũthondeka indo nyingĩ njeru cia mũũkano.  Nasono inovacioni thithitemu ni igayanagiyo ibandi na njira nyingi. Njira imwe ni ibandi tuthithitemu. Njira ya keri ni Kathithitemu ka ugi, Kathithitemu ka biacara na kathithitemu ka muingi/wathani [2].

NIS ĩteithagĩria na gutuma uhoro na ugi gutherera hari ihandiro na agenti iria ci thĩinia wa bururi. Ihandiro ici citagwo agenti ni: Kambuni, thirikari na yunibaciti. uhoro na ugi guthia thiini ya agenti cia bururi ni utethagia bururi gukura na ihenya.

Hagwete:

1. Wikipedia Thithitemu thiori 2013

2 Reboti ya iwanda : gwaka uhoti wa gukiyanira UNIDO 2005
Cuma

** Cuma**

Ruthiomi rwa omuthenya rwitaga iron na metal cuma. Haha tugutumira cuma ari metal. Iron tumite cumaum1.

ũruka wa cuma nĩ:
      1. Guthereria thitima wega
      2. guthereria ũrugari wega
      3. Muhaka wa erementi cia cuma na ticuma ndwonekaga wega
      4. Erementi cia cuma ni nyingi kwi iria itari cia cuma
Platinum

**Platinum**

Platinum nĩ erementi arĩ cuma.

Mabururi ma abirika makoragwo na minũrũ ya platinum : South Abirika.
Gold

**Gold** nĩ erementi arĩ cuma. Nĩ erementi ĩĩ thogora wa iguru. Nĩ itumagirwo ni Bengi nene cia mabururi ta mũthitho wa mbeca.

Mabururi ma abirika makoragwo na minũrũ ya Gold: Abĩrika ya Kuthini, DRC.

**Alkemisti**

Alkemisti ni athomi atene aria maturaga mageragia gucenjia erementi ingi ituike Gold ma njira cia Kemu. Ni mathikire muno ngiya hindi iria kwamenyekanira ati ndukihota kugarura erementi imwe ituike ingi na njira cia kemu.

Kemisti
Faiba kĩbo

**Faiba kĩbo**

Faiba kĩbo nĩ waya itumagirwo gũtwara sigino cia data ciĩ makumbi wa utheri netiwakiinĩ cia ũkinyaniria. Thĩinĩ wa kĩbo ya Faiba ikoragwo na tũkirathi kana tũplastiki tuceke mũno na tũraihu twa muthiringo.

Kĩbo iria cia netiwakiinĩ ciganyagio maita matatu:
    1. Mairo ya mwisho
    2. Laini ya thi nyũmũ
    3. Kĩbo Cia rungu twa Iria. Kenya ĩĩ Kĩbo Cia rungu twa Iria ta Seacom, Eassy na Teams.

Kĩbo pĩaya Njogothe
Nitrogen

**Nitrogen**

Erementi ĩkoragwo ĩĩ mĩruki temparĩture ya rumu na ticuma. Erementi ino nĩkoragwo rierainĩ.
Takĩ

**Bururi wa [[Rüraya]] - [[Asia]]**. Bururi rĩa Rüraya rĩrĩa wenda, rĩkĩrĩa na Ankara, ndĩrĩa wĩtĩrĩrĩra. Takĩ mũno wa Gikuyu nĩrĩa ĩno, niwĩra Gĩkũyũ taara.

## Nguo na wendo
Rüraya rĩrĩa ĩtĩkĩrĩra mĩthĩrĩrĩro wĩtĩrĩrĩa. Ndĩrĩa mũno wĩrĩa matũmbĩrĩtũ wĩrĩ na mwaka wa Tarimbo wĩrĩhũrũka taara. Wĩtĩrĩrĩra na rĩkĩrĩa Gikuyu kiĩtũka na Gĩkũyũ rũgĩtũka.

## Wĩtĩrĩrĩra
Wĩtĩrĩrĩrĩra wĩtĩrĩrĩrĩrĩta. Ndĩrĩa wa thî na ruine wĩrĩhĩra, na matũmbĩrĩtũ.
Robot

**Robots**

Robot nĩ macini ĩhana ta nyamu kwogũo no cĩtwo njĩkimu na ritwa rĩngi. Robot ni mũthemba wa macini cihotaga guthiĩ kuma handũ hamwe gūthiĩ handū hangĩ.

Robot itumagirwo iwanda mitamboinĩ ya ngũturari indo ta Komputa na ngari. Kwĩ robot mithemba itatu:
        1. robot mekaniko - robot irutagwira wa kiudutho.
         2. Robot njara -ikoragwo na komputa hangire na kwogũo ni irumagirira watho wa sofutiwea kuruta wira wayo
         3. Robot ya ũguũki - robot ikoragwo na ũgĩ

Nĩ kũrĩ robot ciagũtũmirwo iwandaini na ingĩ cia mawĩra mangĩ ta cia kũhũra mũbira.

Mabururi marĩa matumagĩra robot mũno iwandainĩ nĩ Japan na United States.

Athondeki a robot makoragwo arĩ: Mekaniko injinia, Akururi(Designers) a sofutiwea na mekaniko. mbere ya sofutiwea cia robot ciandĩkwo ngorithimu (Algorithm) ni cikururagwo.

**Ngerekano ya ngorithimu ya Robot**

Ngorithimu ya kuruta wira obici irahota kuona.

1. Rora njira kana he kindu
2. okorũo he kindu okorũo ni mundu
      a. oya mbica ya maitho make nokorũo matironeka oya mbica ya mutwe
      b. rora databasi mundu ucio nũũ na thoma rĩtwa rĩake.(nĩtũwe aretũo ngware)
      c. ũga "tareke munene ngware hĩtũke"
      d. Ngware ehera wĩhĩtũkire 
3.  okorũo kindu okorũo ti mundu, eheria kindu kiu.
Mitatengetengerithia

**Accelerometer**

Accelerometer nĩ Mitatengerithia. Accelerometer ĩtumagĩrũo Gũtengetengerithia tũmbiri
Titanium

**Titanium**

Erementi ya cuma.

Mabururi ma Abirika marĩ minũrũ ya titanium nĩ: Abirika ya Kuthini, Kenya kwanjiriria kwenja titanium 2013.
Copper

**Copper**

Erementi ya cuma. Nĩ ĩtumagĩrũo guthondeka waya cia thitima. Nihetwo ritwa ria gweterara Timayaum.

Mabururi ma Abirika marĩ minũrũ ya copper nĩ Uganda na Zambia.
Cumanoronjĩ

**Cumanoronjĩ**

Mathomo ma thayathi ya cuma.

Abirika ya ithũĩro nĩ ya thondekaga cuma cia Iron 1200BC, na Copper 900 AD[1]. Abirika nĩyo ya njiririe na tekinoronji na thayathi cia cuma, na rĩu ni murumiriri mutukanire[2].

Cumanoronjĩ ni mathomo mabata tondu indo imwe cia nyumba ithondekagũo na cuma. Na gutiri macini itumagira pawa ĩtakagũo na cuma.

Haria hagwete:

1.ATPS(ũthomi wa mĩerekere ya tekinoronjĩ ya Abirika) Manifesto ya thayathi tekinoronjĩ na ndũerũcomo,2010.

2. Woherem E. ACTS(), Tekinoronjĩ cia ũhoro Abirika 1993.
Cartesian Coordinates

Thithitemu ya **Kĩerekanaria gĩa Kateciani** nĩ Cartesian Coordinates system
Namba raini itha ikigamanitio naguthondeka koine cia ndigiri ithatũ. Namba raini ikoragũo na namba negativu na positivu. 

Namba raini nitaririo thiinĩ wa Metha cia műthingi cia mathabu.
Mercury

**Mercury** nĩ Erementi ya cuma ikoragũo ĩĩ tweku.

Mercury ni itumagirũo gũthondeka themomita na baromita.
Industrial clusters

**Industrial clusters**

Industrial clusters nĩ imanja cia iwanda. Iwanda cithondekaga indo imwe ciakitwo cikuhaniririe. 

Silicon Valley
Calcium

**Calcium** nĩ Erementi ya Cuma ya gikundi kia cuma cia thĩ Alkalaini. Calcium ĩhothaga elektroni igirĩ na gutwika cation ina caji igirĩ positive.
Silicon Valley

**Silicon Valley**

Cĩtĩ ikoragũo imanja cia iwanda cia tekinoronjĩ cia ũhoro. Iwanda ici cia silicon valley ithondekaga tekinoronjĩ cia ũhoro cia kirathi kia iguru mũno.

Industrial clusters
Cero

**Cero**

Uniti nini mũno iria ingĩhota gũkoruo na mũoyo wa kĩũmbe Kigima thiini wa ciũmbe cia cero ĩmwe, kana hamwe na cero ingĩ ciũmbeini cia cero nyingĩ.

Cero nĩ ĩkoragwo na twĩĩga tũria tũrutaga mawĩko ma cero. twĩĩga twa cero nĩ: Neukreasi, mitochondria na tũngĩ.
Helium

**Helium** nĩ Erementi (Kĩnyamu)  ticuma ĩkoragũo ĩĩ mĩruki kaingĩ  ĩtindagia. Atomic namba yayo ni igirĩ(2). Nĩyo atomu ya kerĩ metha njokeriinĩ. Ĩkoragwo na Erektroni igirĩ na Protoni igirĩ. karűgamiriri kayo nĩ He. Ũbanduithia wayo nĩ 1S2
Future Centers

**Cenita Ĩgoka**

Cenita Ĩgoka nĩ Future Centers. Cenita ici itethagia kambuni na gwataniro kwĩhariria nĩgetha iga thegea mĩaka ĩgoka.   Cenita Ĩgoka ya mbere ya mbĩrĩrio bururi wa Sweden kambuniinĩ ya Assurance ya skandia nĩ mwabĩria wetagwo Leif Edvinsson[1].

No tũtaye Cenita Ĩgoka ya mũũkano ya mbere no ya njĩririo kambuniinĩ ya Assurance kana Insurance tondũ kambuni ici nĩ itũmagĩra data ya ũria kũhanĩkĩte nĩgetha kwĩgereria ũria gũkahana kũmenya ũria cikũrĩhia mwerekere wa Insurance ya kũgitĩra indo. Nigetha irute wĩra ũyũ nĩ citumagĩra thayathi ya ũhanĩki ĩria ĩthomagwo nĩ andũ metagũo Actuarians.

ngũkinyainĩ mwaka wa 2013 gũtigĩte na Cenita Ĩgoka mabururiinĩ marakũra, nĩ tũkwĩgeria ũria korwo nĩ kwarĩ na Cenita Ĩgoka mĩaka mĩrogo ĩri mĩthiru ĩgĩa tarire kambuni uhoro wa tekinoronjĩ iria ciĩkwo ũmũthi. Cenita ĩno ĩgĩa ĩgererie wega, nĩ  ĩgĩa tarire kambuni uhoro wa kũgia na ũgĩ wa tekinoronjĩ cia thimu cia mobairo.

Kũria Kũgwete

1. Hithitori , https://web.archive.org/web/20111203212203/http://openfutures.jdlinsweden.se/page110.php, 2013.
Injiniarini ya Okioharĩ

**Injiniarini ya Okioharĩ**

Injiniarini ya Okioharĩ nĩ Ontological engineering. Injiniarini mũthemba ũyũ ĩthondekagũo na mathũgundo hamwe na ũria mathũgundo mataraine.

Kwĩ kĩohari thondeke nyingĩ cia Injiniarini ta Sowa kĩohari, kĩoburemu na ingĩ.  kĩoburemu nĩ kĩoharĩ ya gũthondeka njira cia gwaka sofutiwea. kĩoburemu ithodeketwo na kĩohari nyingĩ ĩmwe ya cio nĩ kĩohari ya ũjumuisho. 

kĩohari ya ũjumuisho nyonanite ati Kĩĩhari thondekagwa nĩ ibandi cia ĩundu, Buremuwaki ya ũtuĩria ĩthondeketwo na haria andũ mararore [1].

Kũria kũgwete

1. Mauri L. Kĩohari buremwaki na  omĩkĩre mutabarara wa injiarini mĩkĩre 2005

Kiohari
Lithium

**Lithium** nĩ Erementi ya Cuma ya gikundi kia cuma cia Alkali. Lithium ĩhothaga elektroni ĩmwe na gutwika cation ina caji ĩmwe positive.

Atomic namba ya Lithium nĩ 3. Atomiki configuration ya Lithium nĩ 1S22S1. Karũgamĩri kayo ni Li.

## Rora
>>Metha Njokereri
Oxygen

**Oxygen** nĩ Erementi (Kĩnyamu) ticuma ĩkoragũo ĩĩ mĩruki. Atomic namba yayo ni inyanya (8). Nĩyo atomu ya kanana metha njokereriinĩ. Ĩkoragwo na Erektroni inyanya na Protoni inyanya. Karűgamiriri kayo nĩ **O**. Ũbanduithia wayo nĩ [ He] 2s2 2p4.

Metha Njokereri
Socio komputiini

**Socio komputiini**

Itara cia Socio komputiini nĩ itũmĩrĩtwo mũno miaka ikũmi mĩthiru. Socio komputiini nĩ macemario ma Komputasono thithitemu na mĩtugo socio[1]. Komputa thithitemu ĩteithagĩria mitugo socio gwĩkika na komputa kana komputa netwaki.

Itara cia Socio komputiini  ci bangagwo ibango nyingi ta:

1. Socio netwakiini ta Facebook na Kenyalist

2. Wiki ta Wikipedia

3. Ihungĩro nĩ ciikaro ciadikagwo nĩ mũndũ ũmwe kana anini, na kwogirirwo mathangu kaingi.

Kugwete

1. Wikipedia ya gĩthũgũ, socio komputiini 6/6/2013
Google kambuni

**Google kambuni**

Kambuni nene ya tekinoronjĩ cia netwaki ya magomano. sofutiwea ndũmirwo cia Google nĩ:

1. Gmail marũa ma kubucia. Gmail ĩteithagia kwandĩka, gũthoma na gũtuma marũa ma kubucia. Nigetha ũtũmũĩre Gmail nĩ mũhaka ũhingũre Akauti ya Gmail.

2. Google Ndaũri -  Ndaũri  kuma rũthiomi rumwe  kinya rũthiomi rũngi. Ndauri ĩno ĩna thiomi ta mĩrongo mũgwaja hamwe na Gĩthweri na Gĩthungu. No utaũre ciugo nyingĩ cia Gĩthweri na thiomi ici cia Ndaũri  ĩno ya Google.

3. Injini ya Gucaria - Injini ino niyo itumagirwo muno magomanoini. Kahinda gaka no utumire Githweri.

4. Google Mapu -

5. Google Mabuku
Cybernetics

**Ũreroĩki**

Ũreroĩki nĩ cybernetics ũthomi na ũtuĩria wa ugiririria na ũkinyaniria wa thithitemu
Boron

**Boron** nĩ Erementi ya Ticuma ya gikundi kia cuma.

Atomic namba ya Boron nĩ 5. Atomiki configuration ya Boron nĩ 1S22S22P1. Karũgamĩri kayo ni B.

Metha Njokereri
Sofutiwea na handiwea ya thimu

**Sofutiwea na handiwea ya thimu**

Thimu ĩkoragwo na handiwea na sofutiwea. Handiwea nĩ igera na sofutiwea nĩ programu.

**Handiwea**

Igera cia handiwea cia thimu nĩ:

Nduti kana  Cipiyu(cipiyu rimĩĩte gwĩ CPU  rĩtwa rĩkuhĩrie - Kamwe Ndutĩri Gatagati) - Cipiyu ĩkoragwo na tűgera twitagwo: kamwe ũtari, ronjiki ka ũtari na kugererania, na kangĩ kamwe gavani karia gaatha igera cia komputa.

Minginithimu kana Mikrofoni - kagera koyaga makũmbi ma thauti rĩerainĩ na kũmatwa cigino iria irutagĩrwo wĩra nĩ thimu na gũtũmo.

## Sofutiwea

## Ũtara wa thimu

Thimu

Ũkinyaniria na thiomi Tekiniko
Chicago

**Chicago** (/ʃɪˈkɑːɡoʊ/ ⓘ *shih-KAH-goh*, locally also /ʃɪˈkɔːɡoʊ/ *shih-KAW-goh*; Miami-Illinois: *Shikaakwa*; Ojibwe: *Zhigaagong*) nĩ gĩcagi kĩrĩa kĩrĩ andũ aingĩ bũrũri wa **Illinois.**
Sung Jae-ki

**Sung Jae-ki**(성재기 成在基, 1967 - 2013)

Human right activist, liberalism philosopher wa bururi wa South Korea. ni found wa Association wa South Korea men.
Chile

**Chile**
Bururi wa Amerika ya Kuthini. Cĩtĩ nene ĩtagwo Santiago.

Andũ a bururi ũyũ maragia ruthiomi rwa Spanish.
Mozambique

**Bururi wa Mozambique** (ĩgetwo 'ũ**莫三鼻己**' na rũthiomi rwa China na 'Mozambico' na rũthiomi rwa Itari) wĩ thiinĩ ya Abĩrika. Mũciĩ mũnene wa Mozambique nĩ Maputo.

Nĩ kũgwetetwo kĩhumo gĩa kiugo Mozambique kĩrĩ mĩri na Mũtongoria wa Gĩithĩramu ũrĩa aherire wonjoria gĩcigo kĩu na ũrĩa etagwo Mussa Bin Biq
Sung Jae-gi

**Sung Jae-gi**(성재기;成在基, September 11, 1967 - July 26, 2013) ma Human right activists, NGO activists ya liberalism philosophers na South Korea. Association of Korean Male(남성연대;男性連帶) mwakaini wa 2008.

**Gĩikaro kĩayo rurendaini** Sung Jae-gi twitter
* ''Suicide performance and journalist ethics'' *News Dongah*  (English)
* Police continue search for missing men's rights activist yonhapnews 2013.07.27 (English)
* Body of Sung Jae-gi found in Han River Koreaherald 2013.07.29  (English)
* Seoul ‘Bridge of Life’ Attracts More Suicide Attempts korearealtime 2013.11.08 (English)
* South Korean channel films suicide (English)
Sũdana ya Kuthini

**Sũdana ya Kuthini** wĩ thiinĩ ya Abĩrika ya mwena wa itherero. Juba nĩkuo city irĩa nene ya Sũdana ya Kuthini.
Radio Studio 54 Network

**Radio Studio 54 Network** is an Italian private radio station based in Locri, Calabria. The station mainly serves the regions of Calabria, Sicily and Puglia. The station broadcasts around the clock both through receivers and webcasting.

## History
The station was founded in Locri by Pietro Paretta and Francesco Massara and two of their friends on June 6, 1985. The studio's offices are located at 148 Via don Vittorio, Locri. Its slogan, "Il bello della musica è che quando ti colpisce non senti dolore", is a translation of Bob Marley's famous phrase "The good thing about music is that when it hits you, you don't feel pain".

In addition to live broadcasts of their own Studio 54 LiveTour show, the station also broadcasts other regional and national live concerts, including events at the Sanremo Festival.

## Program schedule

* 54 News, news program, every hour from 7:00 to 21:00;
* Soundtracks - il cinema alla radio, at 8:40, 15:10 and 23:00;
* Promodisco, at 12:40, 17:40 and 19:40;
* History time with Luciano Procopio, at 13:30, 23:30 and 5:10:
* Area 54 - daily at 14:30 and 21:30;
* Pezzi da 90 at 22:00;
* Rock Italia at 8:40, 9:45, 21:20 and 23:45;
* Italia in Prima Pagina, information and news, from 6:00 to 10:00;
* Rock Collection, at 14:00 and 21:00;
* 54 Disco Hit, at 7:30, 13:00, 18:00 and 22:00;
* Rock a Mezzanotte, after 24.00.
* Action Parade, at 9:45 and 22:20.
* The Ultimate iPod Collection, at 10.20 and 2.20.
* Edizione Limitata, at 20.40 and 3.40.
* Concerto Impossibile, at 3.20 and 20.40.
* Emozioni, from 23.30.
* Dejà vu, at 12.30.
* Celebrity, at 10.10 and 21.30.
* Story, at 14.00 and 18.40.

## Team

* **Owner:** Francesco Massara.
* **Sound engineers:** Giuseppe Romeo, Mimmo De Marco, Piero Fiumano, Vincenzo Macri
* **Speakers:** Luciano Procopio, Rosella Lafas, Enzo DiChiara, Marika Torkivia, Demetrio Malgieri, Franco Siciliano, Paolo Sia, Mara Recchi
* **Music Librarian:** Daniela Panetta
* **Sound programmers:** Francesco d'Ogello, Daniela Panetta 

## Studio 54 LiveTour
The Studio 54 LiveTour is an outdoor performance that has been held regularly since 2000. The show lasts all day and features special guests, music, games, and a disco.

## External links

* Official website
* Webcast Studio 54 Network
* Fanclub Facebook
* Facebook Studio 54 Network
Łobez

**Łobez** city irĩa nene ya Poland (Borandi). City ya Łobez irĩ igũrũ mũno ta 56-94 m.

## Links
* Łobez 
* BIP Łobez
* Łobez - You Tube
Santo Domingo

**Santo Domingo** city irĩa nene ya Dominican Republic. City ya Santo Domingo irĩ igũrũ mũno ta 14 m.
Cairo

**Cairo** ( カイロ na rũthiomi rwa Njabani) nĩ mũciĩ mũnene wa bũrũri wa Miciri. City ya Cairo irĩ igũrũ mũno ta 23 m.
Chengdu

**Chengdu** city irĩa nene ya China. City ya Chengdu irĩ igũrũ mũno ta 500 m.


Chengdu-16-Zweiraeder-Kreuzung-2012-gje.jpg
Chengdu-Hotel O+O-40-2012-gje.jpg
Chengdu-Hotel O+O-32-Zengarten-2012-gje.jpg
Chengdu-Pandareservat-04-Eingang-2012-gje.jpg
Chengdu-Pandareservat-24-2012-gje.jpg
Dominican Republic

**Dominican Republic**

**Matemo**

Bũrũri wa Caribbean.  ŨKoragwo wĩ wa gĩcigĩrĩra.

**Ucuumi**

Ũrĩmi na iwanda itari nyingĩ
Bolivia

**Bolivia**. Bururi wa Amerika ya Kuthini. Cĩtĩ nene ĩtagwo La Paz.

Andũ a bururi ũyũ maragia ruthiomi rwa Spanish.
Kattaqo‘rg‘on

**Kattaqo‘rg‘on** city irĩa nene ya Uzbekistan. City ya Kattaqo‘rg‘on irĩ igũrũ mũno ta 480 m.
Nepal

Bururi wa Asia. Mũciĩ mũnene wa Nepal nĩ Kathmandu.


Kathmandu-Basantapur Chowk-16-Palast-2013-gje.jpg|Kathmandu
Pashupatinath-Votivstupas-32-2007-gje.jpg|Pashupatinath
Bhaktapur-Yaksheshvara-130-erotische Schnitzerei-gje.jpg|Bhaktapur
Changu Narayan-Dorf-14-2007-gje.jpg|Changu Narayan
Patan-Palastplatz-58-Degutale-2014-gje.jpg|Patan
Gokyo surroundings-50-Ngozumpa-Gletscher-Berge-2007-gje.jpg|Himalaya
Dzongla to Lobuche-26-2007-gje.jpg|Himalaya
Mustang-Lo Manthang-Lotus Holiday Inn-10-Feldkueche fuer Totenfeier-2015-gje.jpg|Mustang
Mustang-Tsarang-Lo Manthang-88-Traktor-2015-gje.jpg|Mustang
Kĩambĩrĩria

**Kĩambĩrĩria** (kuma ruga kia "Latin" Vulgate, ona kio kihoetwo kuma Greek γένεσις, ........meaning "origin"; , *Bərēšīṯ*, "Kiambiriria") ni ibuku ria mbere Hebrew Biblia (ibuku ria Tanakh) na Ũkristiano Old Testament.
Embu

**Embu** ni taoní îría nene ya Kauntí ya Embu na nío mucíí munene wa Kauntí íyo. Irí na andu 60,000 .Niyo yarí mucíí munene wa Gíícigo kía Irathiro
Warszawa

**** city irĩa nene ya Poland. City ya  irĩ igũrũ mũno ta 103 m.
Mũciĩ mũnene wa Poland (Borandi).

## Links
* Warszawa
Kraków

**Kraków** city irĩa nene ya Poland (Borandi). City ya Kraków irĩ igũrũ mũno ta 188–383 m.

## Links
* Kraków
Šiprage

**Šiprage** (Шипраге) wa bururi wa Mbocinia na Hecengobina. 
*Latitudo: 44°27'56″
*Longitudo: 17°33'36″
*Altitudo: 507-520 m
## Climat

## Demografia

*1931, 1953: Udalerri Šiprage
+ Inguruan Šiprage

## Reference


## Weblink

* http://opstinakotorvaros.com/ 
*http://www.maplandia.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina/republika-srpska/siprage/ Maplandia
*http://www.satellitecitymaps.com/europe-map/bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/federation-of-bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/%C5%A1iprage-map/
*http://www.distancesfrom.com/distance-from-Siprage-to-Banja-Luka-Bosna-i-Hercegovina/DistanceHistory/5243320.aspx
*http://www.maplandia.com/bosnia-and-herzegovina/republika-srpska/siprage/ Maplandia
*http://www.satellitecitymaps.com/europe-map/bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/federation-of-bosnia-and-herzegovina-map/%C5%A1iprage-map/
*http://www.distancesfrom.com/distance-from-Siprage-to-Banja-Luka-Bosna-i-Hercegovina/DistanceHistory/5243320.aspx
*http://www.udaljenosti.com/bosna/- Distances in B&H
Roubaix

**Roubaix** nĩkuo taũni irĩa nene ya rũgongo wa Baranja, mwena wa irathĩro wa Belgium, ĩkoragwo na aikari ta 96,000.
Wrocław

**Wrocław** city irĩa nene ya Poland (Borandi). City ya Wrocław irĩ igũrũ mũno ta 105–155 m.

## Links
* Wrocław
* Uchambuzi wa soko la kazi huko Wrocław - Huduma ya Kazi ya GoWork.pl
Senegal

Senegal burũri wa Africa. Senegal ĩĩ mwena wa ithũĩro wa Africa na ĩriganĩtie na mabũrũri ma Guinea, Mali, Guinea-Bissau na Mauritania.
Mbocinia na Hecengobina

Bururi wa **Mbocinia na Hecengobina** (Bosna i Hercegovina – Босна и Херцеговина) wĩ thiinĩ ya Rũraya ya mwena wa itherero. Mũciĩ mũnene wa Mbocinia na Hecengobina nĩ Sarajevo.
Indian Ocean

≈

**Iria ria Indian**nirio iria ria gatatu hari unene gatagati-ini wa maria ma thi, riikariire muigana wa 70,560,000 (ta 20% ya mai ma thi). Rihakanite na Asia mwena wa ruguru, Africa mwena wa ithuiro, Australia mwena wa irathiro, na mwena wa itherero hena Iria ria Itherero (), kana kuringana  na mirorere, hena Antarctica (). Iria riri rihetwo ritwa kumana na India.
Ngũkũ

**ngũkũ** (Gallus domesticus) nĩ mũthemba wa nyoni iria cirĩithagio nĩũndũ wa nyama ciao na matumbĩ. O ho no ciarĩithagio nĩgwo inyite itemi mĩthako-inĩ ya haranio cia ngũkũ. 

 

Nĩ harĩ **'ngũkũ ya njamba na mwera nĩ ngũkũ ya nga**'. gacui nako nĩ ngũkũ njĩthĩ

*
Maaĩ

**Maaĩ** nĩ kĩndũ gĩtweku gĩtarĩ na cama, mũtararĩko na rangi. Gĩcunjĩ kĩnene kĩa Thĩ kĩarahĩtio na maaĩ. ). Maaĩ nĩ marũmbũiyaga Mũoyo waciũmbe nyingĩ kuuma Mĩmera ginya Nyamű.

Ũrũmwe wa mabũrũri nĩ ũgwetete maaĩ ta kĩhooto kĩa o mũndũ.

Gĩcigo kĩa Cũmarĩ rũhonge rwa Camawande nĩrwo rwĩtungumanagia na mĩhango ya gũkinyĩria andũ maaĩ matheru 7

Mũciĩ mũnene wa Roma bũrũri wa Itari nĩ ũrĩ na mĩberethi ya ciũga cia Inyanjui iria metaga Nasoni.. Mĩberethi ĩno ĩheanaga maaĩ matarĩ marĩhi kũrĩ aikari a itũũra rĩu.

Tondũ Korogocho kĩa thĩ nĩ gĩkuhĩrĩirie mũno gĩcunjĩ gĩa ithatũ kĩa maĩ, maaĩ nĩ marĩ kuo ta kĩndũ baraby mata, gĩtweko, na kĩrũthe. Nĩ yũmbaga gĩthimba kĩrĩa kĩrekagia mbura na kĩbii. Taatha wa matu nĩ maĩ, ira na mbarabu.
Kiambu

**Kaunti Ya Kiambu**
Kiambu ni Kaunti ime thiini wa kaunti mirongo ina na mugwanja cia Kenya. Ihetwo namba mirongo iri na igiri(22) iriyo namba ya Kaunti.
Kiambu ina icigo ikumi na igiri cia ubunge nicio ciuikaine ta constituencies Na nicio
Thika Town
Juja
Gatundu ya rugongo
Gatundu ya Muhuro
Ruiru
Lari
Kiambu 
Kikuyu
Kiambaa
Githunguri na 
Limuru

Gavana wambere guthurwo kurugamirira Kaunti ino ari Hon William Kabogo uri watungatire kwa ihinda ria miaka itano kuuma 2013 nginga 2017.
Mwakaini wa 2017 Gavana Wakeri niwe Hon Fedinard Ndung Waititu Baba  Yao niathurirwo naniwe uriho nginyagia ihinda riri. Kaunti ino ninene na ina ikonome nene muno  nanoyo ikuhiriirie mucii wa Nyairobi muno. 

Nikuri biashara nyingi muno aikari a Kiambu mahuraga niguo gutwarithia maisha mao nambele. Imwe ciacio ni kwendia mahiga ma gwaka maria maumaga mwena wa Juja handu  hetagwo Ndarugu.Mahiga maya nimendagio miena na miena ya Africa onginya Rwanda. Biashara ingi nita kuriithia ngombe cia iria na cia nyama iriya ikiriirwo muno mwena wa Githunguri. Iciigo nyingi cia kiambu ciitiyagira urimi wa majani ma chai na kahuwa.
Yunivasiti cii gatu

Yunivasiti ni thukuru uria wii iguru muno thiini wa mathomo. Thiini wa gitaru gia Afrika, yunivasiti iria iri gatu muno ni hamwe na

## Kenya
University of Nairobi 

Kenyatta University 

Moi University

## Uganda

Kampala University

Makerere University 

## Tanzania
University of Arusha

University of Dar es Salaam

## South Africa
University of Cape Town

University of Johannesburg

University of Pretoria

## Egypt
Beni-Suef University

Ain Shams University

## Ghana
University of Ghana