open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Serge Beynaud

Palʊla Serge Beynaud kɛ salaŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ  19 wiye pɩnaɣ 1987 kɛ Yopungɔŋ tɛtʊ taa, pɩñɔtɩna Abiijaŋ tɛtʊ sɔsɔtʊ, Kotidivuwarɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa.  Nabʊyʊ taa lɛ, pɛsɛtʊ ɛ-hɩɖɛ nɖɩ nɛ payaɣ-ɩ yem se Beno, Beno. Serge Beno ɛnɛ ɛ-hɩla kɩsɛsɛna ɖɔɔ nɛ a-taa kɔyɔ: L’ambassadeur du coupé-décalé, Le King et anciennement Le mannequin des arrangeurs et L'arrangeur sexinini. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ maɣmaɣ kɛlɛ se Guy Serge Beynaud Gnolou. 

Ɛkɛna hendu teyu, keeɣsɩ luɖu nɛ si-teyu nɛ soo maɖʊ nɛ payʊ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛyaa cɔŋna-ɩ ɛzɩ ɛnʊ kɩlɩɣna Afropop hendu teya taa ñʊʊdʊ yɔ nɛ payɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Kupedekale yɔ ɖɩ-taa lɛ paanɩ ɛñaŋgɩ-ɩ. Pɩnaɣ 2007 kɛ hendu teyu weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Douk Saga yɔ, ɛna-ɩ se ɛkɛna hendu teyu. Ɛna-ɩ mbʊ lɛ ɛya-ɩ nɛ etendi-i se ɛna-wɛ pɛkpɛndɩ nɛ palɩzɩ tataɣ nakayɩ nɛ etekizi. 

Pɩnaɣ 2009 taa lɛ ɛmaɣmaɣ ɛɖʊ tambaɣyɛ se ɛpaazʊ e-hendu teu. Ɖeɖe nɛ sɔnɔ yee pañɩnʊ kupedekale hendu teya yaa tɩ-payaa siŋŋ kɔyɔ, nɔɔyʊ ɛɛɖɛʊ Serge Beynaud yɔɔ. Kupedekale kɛ ɛpaɣ yaa pɩtɛ hendu kɛ ɛkɩlʊ teu, ɛlɛ ekizu sidu kɛ Afropop kɛ pɩ-taa. Ɛ-caa kɛ sɔɔja nɛ pɛkɛ Pete mba. Ɖooo ɛ-pɩcatʊ taa kɛ ɛpaɣza hendu teu. Kotidivuwaɖi taa kɛ ɛpaazɩ hendu teya hendu ñɔɔzʊ nɛ pʊcɔ palɩzʊ tɩ-tatasɩ. 

Pɩnaɣ 2009 kɛ ɛmaɣmaɣ été e-hendu nɛ ɛlɩzɩ tataɣ ŋga ɛya-kɛ se Kouma lébé yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 2012 kɛ ɛlɩza ŋga payaɣ se Seul Dieu yɔ yaa Ɛsɔ ɖeke yɔ. Serge Beynaud cɔʊ kupedekale nɛ Afropop pɛ-hɛkʊ taa. Mbʊ yebina nɛ ɛpɩzʊ eluki hendu sakɩyɛ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ ɛhaɣ hendu teya lalaa ɛzɩ: DJ Arafat, Debordo Leekunfa, Bebi Philip, DJ Mix 1er, Molare yɔ.
  
Ɛ-kalaɣ tataɣŋga payaɣ-kɛ se Ɛsɔ ɖeke yɔ, ɛɛlɩza-kɛ saŋgayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ hiu ŋ,gʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 2010. Mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 27 wiye pɩnaɣ 2014 kɛ ɛtasa lɛɛka lɩzʊ nɛ ɛyaa-kɛ se Talehi. Pʊwayɩ kɛ ɛtasa lɩzɩʊ nakayɩ nɛ ɛyaa-kɛ se Seul le taf paye.
Tabu Ley Rochereau

Tabu Ley Rochereau kɛna Koŋgo ɛjaɖɛ taa hendu teyu, mʊsɩ laɖʊ nɛ manzʊmalɩ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ. Palʊla-ɩ kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 13 wiye pɩnaɣ 1940 kɛ Pagata tɛtʊ taa. Ɛsɩba kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 30 wiye pɩnaɣ 2013 kɛ Pruksɛɛlɩ tɛtʊ taa. Payaɣ ɛ-caa se Pascal Emmanuel Tabu Ley.
 
Pascal Emmanuel Sinamoyi Tabu halʊ kɛ payaɣ se Georgette Mowana (ɛsɛɛ se« Tété »). Pa-naalɛ pɛwɛna pɩya kagbaanzɩ nɛ mba yɔ: Blackson Matthieu, Mireille-Esther, Colette, Gisèle nɛ Isabelle. Ɛɛsɔɔla halaa tɔm kpem nɛ ɛtasɩ nɔɔyʊ kpaɣʊ, ɛlɛ yɔ Sayiri ɛjaɖɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1969 taa palɩza pɛlaa taa pɛlɔ maŋgbaɖa weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Jeanne Mokomo yɔ. Ɛna-ɩ paɖʊ hɔʊ nɛ pɩwɛɛna pɩya looɖo. Pɩya  nzɩ, nzɩ yɔ:  Carine, Laty, Bob, Abel, Pegguy nɛ Flore. 

Paarii aseɣɖe tɔm heyiya aseɣɖe takayaɣ nakayɩ taa tɔm yɔɔdʊ size: hendu teyu Youssoupha tɔŋ se tɩmʊ tɩŋgʊna liɖe; koŋgoo ɛjaɖɛ taa hendu teyu weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Tabu Ley Rochereau yɔ, ɛ-caa kɛ ɛkpaɣa. Ɛwɛɣna pɩya ɛzɩ 35 yɔ. Pɩla mbʊ nɛ Yousoupha lɩzɩ tataɣ nakayɩ nɛ emuku-wɛ nɛ ɛyaa-kɛ "Les Disques de mon père".

Agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ lʊbɛ ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 2012 taa Yousoupha nɛ Tabu Ley pete hendu kɛ santaɖaʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se Olimpia yɔ kɩ-taa. Papy MBoma naʊ taa siŋŋŋ lɛ, Tabu Ley pɩya wɛʊ ɛzɩ 120 kɛ mbʊ yɔ. Tabu Ley Rochereau sɩba kamɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 30 wiye, mazaɣ nakayɩ wiye pɩnaɣ 2013 kɛ Pruksɛɛlɩ tɛtʊ taa ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 73.
Toumani Diabaté

Toumani Diabaté kɛna Malii ɛjaɖɛ mʊsɩ laɖʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ peeɖe lɛ, pakpaɣ-ɩ ɛzɩ mba pakɩlʊ mabʊ pa-cɩmʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se kora yɔ. Palʊla-ɩ Pamako tɛtʊ taa, Malii ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ kɩyɛna fenaɣ kɩyakʊ hiu wiye pɩnaɣ 1956. Ɛ-pɩyalʊ payaɣ se Sidiki Diabaté, ɛlɛ ɖɔɖɔ kɛna mʊsɩ laɖʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ. Afrika nɛ wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa payɩ lɛ, ɛnʊ pakpaɣ ɛzɩ cɩmʊ ŋgʊ payaɣ-kʊ se kora yɔ ki-wiyaʊ. Ɛ-ɖɛtʊ payaɣ se Mamadou Diabaté. Pʊtɔbʊʊ se se e-cejewiye kpeekpe taa mba kɛna mʊsɩ laɖaa. 

Toumani Diabaté paɣzɩ kpɛlɛkʊ kɛ kora mabʊ lɛ, ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ kagbaanzɩ ɖeke. Ɛkɔma nɛ ɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 13 lɛ, ɛnɛ hendu teu ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ paɣ-ɖɩ se Koulikoro yɔ, powolo kɛgbɛyaɣ nakayɩ ɖeɖe Malii ɛjaɖɛ taa. Kɛgbɛyaɣ ŋga palakɩ-kɛ paa pɩnzɩ naalɛ nzɩ lɛ sɩ-wayɩ. Peeɖe mba mʊna kacalaɣ kʊjɔʊ. Kpaagba mbʊ lɛ pasʊzɩ-ɩ Malii ɛjaɖɛ kpeekpe taa mʊsɩ laɖa sʊsa ŋgbɛyɛ taa. Toumani Diabaté nɛ kora maɖa sʊsa sʊsa palaba amʊʊza ɛzɩ: Kandia Kouyaté, Taj Mahal nɛ Ali Farka Touré, weyi ɛna-ɩ palɩza tataɣ kɛ pɩnaɣ 2005 nɛ payaa-kɛ se *In the Heart of the Moon*.
Wally Badarou

Wally Badarou kɛna Peenɛɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa ɛyʊ ɛlɛ ɛlaba takayaɣ nɛ ɛpɩsɩ Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ-tʊ. Palʊla-ɩ Parii tɛtʊ taa kɛ lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 22 wiye pɩnaɣ 1955. Ɛnɛ hendu teya mba palaba tʊma yɔ pɔɖɔɔ kamaɣ fɛyɩ nɛ pa-taa kɔyɔ: Chris Blackwell, Sly and Robbie, Joe Cocker, Mick Jagger, Grace Jones, Black Uhuru, Gwen Guthrie, Jimmy Cliff, Gregory Isaacs, Robert Palmer, Marianne Faithfull, Herbie Hancock, Talking Heads, Foreigner, Melissa Etheridge, Manu Dibango, Miriam Makeba, Fela Kuti, Salif Keita, Wasis Diop, Trilok Gurtu, Carlinhos Brown, Dickie Jobson, d'Hector Babenco. Pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, ɛnɛ hendu teyaa aŋgba wena palaba tʊma yɔ ɛlɛ ɖɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ: de Island Records, Power Station, Level 42.
Lɛɛzɩyʊ

Lɛɛzɩyʊ
Kiɖe tɛɛ tʊʊzʊʊ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, lɛɛzɩyʊ kɛ yuŋ pɩyʊ weyi patatɩɩ sɩmta-ɩ yɔ, kɛlɛ ɛ-yɔɔ pataŋ akɔnta naa nɛ ñʊŋ maalɛɛzɩɣ waa  yaa nabʊyʊ pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩkɛ lɛɛzɩyaa. Paakaŋ ñʊʊ keekee nɛ lɛɛzɩyʊ, nɛ ɛ-tɛ yuŋ ɖɔɖɔ papɩzɩɣ paasɩŋɩ-ɩ, kɛlɛ ɛwɛ kpeekpe wɛtʊ natʊyʊ taa. Yee palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ lɛɛzɩyaa ɛzɩ ñʊŋ maɣmaɣ kɔyɔ pɩwɛ ɖeu mbʊ pʊyɔɔ pɩsaŋ nɛ tɔm kʊyʊm taa lɛ paanɣ tɔm naa lalaa kɔɔ hatʊ. 

Paa ɛzɩmtaa lɛ payʊsʊʊ lɛɛzɩyʊ nɛ mayaɣ nakayɛ, nabʊyʊ taa latɛŋ masɩ kpata taa mayaɣ nakayɛ ɛzɩ x yaa y. Lɛɛzɩyʊ matʊ tʊnɛ yɔ y=f(x) pɔza lɛɛzɩyaa naalɛ, ñʊʊ kɩsʊsʊʊ xakʊyʊ x nɛ kɩlɩlʊʊ lɛɛkʊ y ɛlɛ kɛna palaba akɔnta lɛ mbʊ pehiɣa yɔ pɩlɩna sʊyʊ lɛɛzɩyʊ yɔɔ. Tɔmpiye lɛɛzɩyʊ lɩna ɛzɩma ɛwayɩ tʊ x ɛlɛza matʊ taa mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-lɛzʊʊ y lɛɛzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ. 

Palakɩ akɔnta nɛ pehikiɣ mbʊ yɔ pʊ-lona taa lɛ, nabʊyʊ taa nɛ pɩlɛzʊʊ yɔ lɛ pakpaɣ lɩmaɣza mbʊ se polu kulubu nɛ paya-wɛ lɛɛzɩyaa kɛlɛ pɛwɛna yʊsaɣ masɩ. Babylone tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɩnaa kpeɣ masɩ sɩnɛ V lɛ ɖɔʊ, h lɛ kʊkʊyʊmɩŋ, d tʊkaɣ kɛ ɖaɣlakɩŋ L nɛ walanzɩ l.

Tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tʊ Moses Schönfinkel tɔŋ se papɩzɩɣ palɩzɩ tʊʊzʊʊ tʊma cɔɔlɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ yɔɔ nɛ lɛɛzɩyaa ɛɛwɛʊʊ pɩ-taa. Pɩlɩna pɩ-yɔɔ nɛ ɛlɩzɩ laɣsɩ nasɩyɛ yem nɛ paya-sɩ tamsʊʊ cɔlɩyɛ. Laɣsɩ nzɩ paɖanɩ-sɩ paɣzʊʊ nɛ pɛtɛzɩ-sɩ pɩtɩŋna Haskell Curry yɔɔ. Wɛtʊ ndʊ tɩtaa fɛyɩ kaɖɛ piŋ lɛɛzʊʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa kɛlɛ pilesaɣ natʊ pʊ-tɔbʊʊ pɩtasaŋ se pakalɩ camɩyɛ.
Kegbeɣlasi lɩmaɣzɩyɛ

Kegbeɣlasi lɩmaɣzɩyɛ
Kegbeɣlasi lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kɛ tʊʊzʊʊ piliŋa nakayɛ, tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tʊ Caama ɛyʊ Georg Cantor lɩzana tʊ kpaɣɖʊ 19 tɛmtʊ alɩwaatʊ. Ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ kegbeɣlaɣ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm pɩsa kiɖe kpeɣluu nɛ tɩɣyʊʊ lɩmaɣza cɔlɔ, pɔ-yɔɔ yɔ pama pʊtʊnaa mba palakɩna tʊmɩyɛ tʊʊzʊʊ nɔmɔʊ taa kpaɣ ɛzɩ kɩlabɩm, taabalɩyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ, pilim ñʊŋ, kamaɣ wɛʊ ñʊʊ, tʊʊzɩyɛ tɛ, siŋ ñʊŋ nɛ ndɩ ndɩ ñʊŋ ŋgbaɣ mbʊ ŋɖɛɛ. Mbʊ tɩna nɛ pɔtɔŋ se kegbelaɣ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kɛ keem kɛlɛ Hilbert pɩzɩ yɔɔdʊʊ se tɩkɛ ɛsɔdaa koboyaɣ ŋga Cantor lɩza tʊʊzʊʊ tɩnaa yɔ. 

Mbʊ ɛlaba yaa kiɖe nɖɩ ɛsɩ tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɩnaa yɔ wayi lɛ, Cantor pɩlɩna kegbelaɣ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ yɔɔ ɛɖanɩɣ labʊ lɩmaɣza kɩfana lɛɛna kɔzɩ kɔzɩ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛtɔŋ se maatɛŋ ñʊŋ wɛɛ yɔ ɛyʊ pɩzɩɣ ɛkɛdɩ nɛ ɛmaɣzɩ pɩlɩna  ñʊŋ kɩfaŋ yɔɔ (kʊyʊm kʊyʊm kalʊʊ nɛ naalɛ naalɛ kalʊʊ).  

Cantor kɛna kajalaɣ tʊ weyi ɛlɩza kegbelaɣ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kɛ pɩnzɩ 1880 pazɩtʊ alɩwaatʊ taa. Ɛlakaɣ tʊmɩyɛ kʊyʊm kɛtʊ yɔɔ pɩlɩna kɔlɔmɩŋ naatozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ yɔɔ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1870 lɛ pɩwɩla Cantor se ɛlɩzɩ taa lɩyʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm nɛ ɛma maatɛŋ waa kpaɖʊʊ yɔɔ kpaɖʊʊ yɔɔ, kʊyʊm kʊyʊm kalʊʊ nɛ naalɛ naalɛ waa kalʊʊ. Matʊ ndʊ pekizi-tʊ ɛ-tɛ alɩwaatʊ pɩtɩŋna keziyaa nɔɔ yɔɔ ɖɛyʊ ɛkɛ tɛzɩyʊ payaɣ-ɩ se Leopold Kronecker kɛlɛ sɔnɔ yɔ tʊʊzɩyaa sakɩyɛ tisa tɔm ndʊ tɩ-yɔɔ.

Kpaɣɖʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa, Cantor kaahiɣ ɛjandʊ pɩlɩna ñʊʊ taa hola kʊdɔŋ yɔɔ, kɛlɛ ɛ-maɣzɩm pɩlɩna kiliŋili tɔm yɔɔ kaawɛ tɩɖɩna yɛlʊʊ pɩlɩna ɛ-takayasɩ kiyekasi yɔɔ nɛ pasɩm-sɩ, kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 19 tɛmtʊ alɩwaatʊ pɩtɩŋna Richard Dedekind nɛ Göttigen nɛ David Hilbert nɛ Ernest Zermelo pɔ-yɔɔ.
Pʊtɔma kalʊʊ

Pʊtɔma kalʊʊ, tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩwɛna tɔbɩŋ nɩɣ ndɩ ndɩ, tɔm kɛdʊʊ-ɖʊ se ɖɩlɩna latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ tɛ kɛnɛ probabilitas, kɛlɛ ɛha siɣye nɛ tɔmpiye ndɩ ɖɩɖɩ paya-ɖɩ se tovonum yɔ, pɩkɛ kpeɣʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ. Kpeɣʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩpɩsɩ piliŋa sɔsɔ nakayɛ kɛ tʊʊzʊʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa kɛlɛ paya se kpeɣʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ.

Wɛɛ kpeɣʊʊ tɔm kɛ ñʊʊ siŋ ŋgʊ kɩwɛ kpaɣ 0 ŋtalɩ 1. Yee ñʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩkpaɣla, mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɖʊzɩm pɩzɩɣ kɩpaɣlɩ yaa ñʊʊ leleŋ ɖɔʊ, nɛ mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ wɛɛ paɣlʊʊ. Akpeɣ tʊmɩyɛ ɖɩtatɩɩ leɖɩta tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɩnaa cɔlɔ. Kpeɣʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩpaɣlɩ lɔŋ lɔŋ kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 18 wɛɛ taa pɩtɩŋna yem kpɛlɛkɩtʊ yɔɔ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ putoyidaa aleɣya yɔɔ. Mbʊ yebina nɛ tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tɩnaa ka ñʊʊ piŋ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ kɛlɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩwazɩɣ hɔɔlɩŋ lɛɛŋ ndɩ ndɩ taa ɛzɩ ɛsɔkaɣ taa ɖɔnɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ, liidiye hɔɔlʊʊ taa yaa kpɛlɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ hɔɔlʊʊ. 

Ɖʊzʊʊ tɔmʊʊ lɩwa, kajalaɣ kɛ kpɛɣʊʊ kpɛlɛkɩtʊ ɖeɖe lɛ, ɖɩlɩ kpaɣɖʊ 12 wɛɛ taa, se pɩsa nɛ patakɩ tadɩyɛ nɩnaʊ tɔm nɛ Pierre Jean Olivi nɩnaʊ tɔm, nɛ ɖɩpaɣlɩ kpaɣɖʊ 16, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pekpeɣli nesi ñɩɣ takayasɩ kpeekpe  pɩlɩna teŋuu nɔɔ tɔm yɔɔ. Maɣzɩm cikpem nabʊyʊ pɩlɩna Girolamo Cardano yɔɔ kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 16 wɛɛ taa, nɛ Galilée kpaɣɖʊ 17, keekee tɛ kpaɣʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm lɩ kpaɣ Pierre de Fermat nɛ Blaise Pascal pɛ-ɛgbaɣdɩyɛ alɩwaatʊ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1654.

Pɩkɔma kpaɣɖʊ 17 hɛkʊ naalɛ ŋgʊ wɛɛ taa pɩlɩna Blaise Pascal, Pierre Fermat ñɩnʊ nɛ Christian Huygens tʊma yɔɔ pɩlɩna pɩfɛyɩ camɩyɛ hɔɔlɩŋ tɔm labɩtʊ yɔɔ kɛ pʊtɔma kalʊʊ tɔmpiye ñɔɔ pazɩ pazɩ wobu yɔɔ, nɛ ɖɔɖɔ tʊʊzʊʊ ɛsɩndaa wobu yɔɔ kɛ pʊtʊ yɔɔ pɩtɩŋna Jacob Bernouilli yɔɔ. Kpaɣɖʊ 18 lɛ Gabriel Cramer wɩlɩ tɔm natʊyʊ pɩlɩna cɔlɩyɛ pʊtɔma kalʊʊ nɛ tɩpɩsɩ kiɖe Diderot ɛsakuliye takayaɣ cɔlɔ, pama-kɛ kpaɣɖʊ kʊyʊmʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɛ tɛmtʊ alɩwaatʊ taa.
 
Haŋ tɛɛ kpazɩyʊ sɔsɔ kɔyɔ Pascal, kɛlɛ Christian Huygens susi *De ratiociniis in ludo aleae tɔm* (pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se mɩkaɣ yɔɔ tʊmɩyɛ labʊ) pɩnaɣ 1657. Takayaɣ kɩkalaɣ ŋga kiɖe piŋ kɛ pʊtɔma kalʊʊ ɖeɖe.
Ñʊʊ (tʊʊzʊʊ)

Ñʊʊ (Tʊʊzɩtʊ)
Ñʊʊ pɩkɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖiyeki se pakalɩ nɛ pɛkɛdɩna wondu yaa tɔm ɖalakɩŋ yɔɔ yɔ, nɛ pɩsa nɛ patɩlɩ paa pʊtʊ weyi ɛ-ñʊʊ mayaɣ. Sakɩyɛ taa lɛ pamaɣna mayaɣ kajalaɣ ñɩŋa yaa masɩ sakɩyɛ pɩzɩɣ sɩwɛɛ, sɩwɛɛ ɖama taa nɛ papɩzɩ palakɩ-sɩ nɛ tʊma ndɩ ndɩ pɩtɩŋna akɔnta yɔɔ. 
Yee patapɩzɩda palɩzɩ tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ keekee kɔyɔ lɛɣtʊ yaa tʊzɩyaa tʊmɩyɛ tɩnaa maɣmaɣ lɩza ñʊŋ ndɩ ndɩ se pɩsa nɛ pawɩlɩna mbʊ panaɣ yɔ tɛ mazɩtʊ, kɩmaŋ tɛyʊʊ, nɛ halɩ pamazɩ pɩfɛyɩ kamaɣ yɔɔ. 

Ñʊŋ tɔmpiye lɩna kiɖe tɛɛ lɛ, naalɛ naalɛ kpeɣlitu cɔlɔ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se pekpeɣla com com pʊtʊnaa nabɛyɛ (kpaɣ ɛzɩ pazɩ ɛyaa hɔɔlʊʊ nɛ pasɩɩ namɩŋ hɔɔlʊʊ). Yee ɛyʊ ɛmaɣza se ɛtɛyɩɣ-wɛ halʊʊ nɛ abalʊ paa hɔɔlʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa kɔyɔ pɩwɛʊ ɛzɩ pasakʊ hɔɔlʊʊ nakʊyʊ taa pʊtʊnaa pakɩlɩɣ  ɖɔʊ yaa pɩɩtalɩɣ yaa pɩkpaɖɩɣ. Pɩ-tɛ laɣsɩ nzɩ pakpaɣna nɛ pɛtɛyɩɣ wondu yɔ ɛɛlɛɛzɩɣ nabʊyʊ. 

Ɖɔʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɛ mbʊ papɩza nɛ paɖʊ mɛɛsaɣ tɛ mayaɣ kɩnanaɣ yɔ kaakɛ ɖooo hoohoo tɔm pʊ-tɔbʊʊ ɖoo alɩwaatʊ ndʊ matʊ kaalɩwa yɔ. Nɔmɔŋ sakɩyɛ kaawɛɛ pɩlɩna kalɩtʊ yɔɔ se pɩsa nɛ patɩlɩ kaŋamaɣ taa wondʊ ñʊʊ nɛ patɩlɩ tɩ-tɩ huuu, se patɩlɩ fenaɣ ɖɔnɛ yaa kɩyakɩŋ paɣtʊ nɛ patɩlɩ tɔɔnasɩ ɖomasi alɩwaatʊ yaa tɛʊ paɣtʊ.
Toofan

Toofan tɛkɛna ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ hɩɖɛ ɛlɛ pɩkɛna hendu teyaa ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ. Ŋgbɛyɛyɛ nɖɩ, ɖɩñɔ Togo ɛjaɖɛ pɩnaɣ 2005. Payɛ nɖɩ pabaɣ peeɖe yɔ ɖɩkɛna kɩfaɖɛ Afrika wɩsɩ ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Kulikace. Payɛ ɖɩnɛ ɛyʊ ɛna ɛtɔŋ se ɖɩwɛ kaɖɛ ɛlɛ pɩtɛkɛ mbʊ. Pabaɣ-ɖɩ yɔ, ŋpɛlʊ ño-pondone kɛ hɔɔlʊ ŋgʊ yɔ, pɩtɛkɛ hɔɔlʊ ŋgʊ ŋɖɛzɩɣna ña-nanɩŋgbanzɩ nɛ ñe-nisi; mbʊ mbʊ nɛ pɛɖɛʊ. Payɛ ɖɩnɛ France 24  kpaɣ-ɖɩ nɛ kʊɖʊ kɩ-tɛ kɛlɛm kɛlɛmnaa kanahaŋ nimasɩ yɔ. 

Pɩnaɣ 2023 taa ɖɔɖɔ Toofanwaa ɖaɣna lɩzʊ payɛ kɩfaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ paya-ɖɩ se "gweta". Payɛ ɖɩnɛ palɩza-ɖɩ se potuu ɛsɩsɛma tɩnaa kɛ atuwa. Ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩnɔɔ yɔɔ ɖɛyaa kɔyɔ Masta Just nɛ Barabas. Afrika kpeekpe taa pombo maɖa lakaɣ kɛgbɛyaɣ pɩnaɣ 2012 nɛ 2015 lɛ, mba pana nɛ polu pɩtɛ kɛgbɛyaɣ ŋga ke-hendu. Toofanwaa ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩkɛŋna Afrika hendu teya kpeekpe nɔɔ ɖɛya nɛ Frankofoni hendu teyaa kacalaɣ mba pɩnaɣ 2018, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Afrimma awards kalaba pɩ-tɛ kɛkpɛyɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ yɔ. Ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɔɖɔ ɖɩkɛŋna kacalaɣ ñɩnɖɩ kɛ pop afrikani kɛ pɩnaɣ 2017.
Tiken Jah Fakoly

Tiken Jah Fakoly na wɩsɩ kɛ mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 23 wiye pɩnaɣ 1968 kɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ payaɣ-tʊ se Odiyene yɔ tɩ-taa, Kotidivuwarɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ maɣmaɣ kɔyɔ: Doumbia Moussa Fakoly. Ɛkɛna hendu luɖu , ti-teyu nɛ ɛkpakʊ lalaa hendu ɖɔɖɔ nɛ ɛtasʊ-tʊ ñɔɔzʊ nɛ eteu. Ɛ-tɛ hendu payɩ lɛ rege kɛ ɛmaba. Tiken Jah Fakoly cejewiye taa mba tɩŋga kɛna luɖa ɛlɛ Fakoly yɔ, pɩkɛza-ɩ nɛ mʊsɩ labʊ nɛ hendu teu. Pʊyɔɔ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1987 ɛtʊla ɛ-kacalaɣ hendu teu ŋgbɛyɛ nɛ ɛyaa-ɖɩ se Djelys. Ɛpaaza aleɣya yɔɔ aleɣya yɔɔ pɩkɛdaa lɛ, Kotidivuwarɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɩŋga sɩma-ɩ se hendu teyu sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ kɛ ɛkɛna. 

Pɩnaɣ 1998 taa kɛ ɛcalɩ ɛ-kacalɣ mʊsɩ labʊ kɛ Erɔpʊ taa, Parii tɛtʊ taa, Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Pɩnaɣ 2003 palabɩ ɛ-yɔɔ kɛ kɔŋgɔmtʊ se pakʊ-ɩ nɛ patapɩzɩ nɛ ɛna mbʊ lɛ, ese nɛ ewolo ɛɖʊ kʊyʊ kɛ Malii ɛjaɖɛ. Pɩnaɣ kʊɖʊmaɣ ŋga ka-taa kɛ ɛlɩza tataɣ nakayɩ nɛ ɛyaa-kɛ se Françafrique, Reggae/Ragga/World. Ŋga ɛtɛma teu nɛ pakpaɣ-ɩ se ɛnʊ kɛŋna mʊsɩ laɖa yaa hendu teyaa nɔɔyɔɔ ɖɛyʊ. Pɩnzɩ 2002, 2005 nɛ 2015 taa alɩwaatʊ ndʊ keteŋga kpeekpe kaatɔkɩ Ɛyʊtʊ kazandʊ lɛ, ɛte hendu ndɩ ndɩ nɛ amʊza sakɩyɛ nɛ ɛɖʊna hɩɖɩ mba pɔsɔɔla lanhɛzɩyɛ nɛ pɔtɔsɔɔlɩ yam yam nɛ ɛyaa heziŋ lɩzʊ yɔ. 

Saŋgayɩŋ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 2007, palaba amʊza naayɛ, rap, kɛ Takarɩ tɛtʊ taa, Senegalɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Peeɖe Fakoly, ɛ-hɔyɛ ɛɛtɔʊ nɛ nɔɔyʊ, été hendu nɛ eheyu ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ Wad se yee ɛsɔɔla ɛ-ejaɖɛ camɩyɛ kɔyɔ, ɛkʊyɩ kpelaɣ yɔɔ. Ɛyɔɔdaɣ ɖɔɖɔ mbʊ pʊwɛɛ nɛ pɩtalʊ Senegalɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɛndɛŋga tɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ. Eté hendu ndʊ nɛ pɩtɛ lɛ, Senegalɩ komina ñɩnɩ se pʊwɛ ɛzɩma kɔyɔ pakʊ-ɩ. Tɛʊ femaɣ kpa lɛ, Fakoly kʊyɩ ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa. Paaɖaŋga-ɩ ɖɔɖɔ se ɛtaatasɩ peeɖe wɛʊ. Pɩnzɩ naalɛ nɛ hɔɔlʊʊ wayɩ lɛ Wad maɣmaɣ ya-ɩ se ɛpɩsɩ. 

Ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ Wad maɣmaɣ mʊna-ɩ hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ 31 wiye pɩnaɣ 2010. Paya-ɩ hɔɔlɩŋ sakɩyɛ taa kɛ amʊzɛ ndɩ ndɩ ɖeɖe: pɩnaɣ 2008, Solidays, Emmaüs; hasɩyaɖɛ fenaɣ taa lɛ, ewoba Paleo Festival kɛ Nyon; piyele kɩyɛna fenaɣ  taa lɛ pɩɩkɛna *Festival du Bout du Monde*. Fakoly kɛna weyi ɛlʊkɩ se ɖama nɩnaʊ nɛ lanhɛzɩyɛ nɛ ɛsɩndaa wobu ɛwɛɛ yɔ. Piyebina pɩnaɣ 2010 ɛlɛiza tataɣ nakayɩ, African Revolution. Pɩɩkɛna alɩwaatʊ ndʊ yoŋ lakaɣ Kotidivuwarɩ nɛ Tunizii ajɛya taa yɔ. Ɛmʊ samtʊ nima wena yɔ atalʊ ɛzɩ 12 yɔ.
Siŋŋ ñʊŋ (tʊʊzʊʊ)

Tʊʊzʊʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, siŋŋ ñʊʊ kɛ ñʊʊ mayaɣ ŋga pama-kɛ mbilim. Siŋŋ ñʊŋ ñɔɔ pɩlɩna ɛzɩma pɛkɛdaɣ tɔm ndɩ ndɩ siŋŋ lɩzɩtʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa ɛlɛ tɩcaɣ ndɩ nɛ ndʊ keekee masɩ nzɩ ɖooo paalakaɣ-sɩ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ Eudoxe Cnide cɔlɔ kpaɣɖʊ 4 alɩwaatʊ taa pʊcɔ palʊlʊʊ Yeesuu krɩstʊ. Kɛlɛ pasɩm siŋŋ ñʊŋ tɔbʊʊ nɩɣ tɔm pɩtatɩɩtalɩda kpaɣɖɩŋ sakɩyɛ kɔyɔ pɩtɩŋna Dedekind nɛ Cantor nɛ Méray pamatʊ yɔɔ. 

Palakɩ siŋŋ ñʊŋ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ paa mbʊ pɩ-taa kpaɣ ɛzɩ wondu liidiye, wɛɛ ɖalakɩŋ, kʊkʊyʊmɩŋ, pɩyʊ kɔtɩɩ waa yuŋ, tɩyɩnka ŋga kakɩlɩ-ɖʊ ñɔtɩnaʊ yɔ tɛ posinau nɛ ɛyaa. Palakɩ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ siŋŋ masɩ paa ɖooye kpaɣ ɛzɩ tɔsʊʊ huu nɔmɔʊ taa, anasaayɩ ñɩɣtʊ yɔɔ tʊma taa, tʊʊzʊʊ hɔɔlʊʊ taa,tomnasi ɖɔnɛ nɔmɔʊ taa yaa tʊma sɔsɔna tambasɩ lɩzɩyaa hɔɔlɩŋ taa.

Pɩkpaɣ nɛ kpaɣɖʊ 17 hɔɔlʊʊ kɩlɛlʊ alɩwaatʊ taa kɛ Isaac Newton nɛ Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz poluba tʊʊzʊʊ hɔɔlʊʊ lɛɛkʊ. Paya-ɩ mbʊ lɛ se wiluu nɛ takʊʊ tɛ, ŋgʊ ɖooo paayaɣa-ɩ kpaagbaa ŋñɩɩ akɔnta. Pɩ-tɛ piliŋa ŋga katɩ caŋ kapaɣlɩ lɔŋ lɔŋ nɛ kapɩsɩ nɔmɔŋ kɩwɩlɩɣ nakʊyʊ siŋ kadeŋa kpeekpe taa, Newtone lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm. Pɩ-tɛ nɔmɔʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa tɔm pɔzɩtʊ yeba nɛ pehiɣ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kɩbanɖɛ naɖɩyɛ mbʊ se pana se tɛtʊ cɔʊna wɩsɩ naa yaa pɩtɛkɛ mbʊ.
Ndɩ ndɩ ñʊŋ

Ndɩ ndɩ ñʊŋ
Tʊzʊʊ hɔɔlʊʊ, palaba ndɩ ndɩ ñʊŋ ɛzɩ siŋ ñʊŋ walanzɩ kpeekpe, ɛlɛ sɩ-taa peeɖe wɛɛ mayaɣ kikpeɣa nakayɛ payaa-kɛ se i ɛzɩ pamaʊ i2 = −1. Ɛsɔtaa mayaɣ kikotaɣ ŋga pokota-kɛ nɛ i yɔ wɛ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ pamaʊ ɖɔɖɔ −1 : (−i)2 = −1. Papɩzɩɣ pama ndɩ ndɩ ñʊŋ kpeekpe se a + i b peeɖe lɛ a nɛ b pɛkɛʊ ñʊŋ siŋ siŋ. Tʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ pa nɛ yɔ lɩzɩna ndɩ ndɩ ñʊŋ Jérôme Cardan, Raphaël Bombelli, Nicolo Fontana, dit Tartaglia, nɛ Ludovico Ferrari pɛkɛ Itaalii ɛjaɖɛ tɩnaa kpaɣɖʊ 15.

Pɩkpaɣ nɛ kpaɣɖʊ 19 wɛɛ taa pɩtɩŋna cɔjɔ layʊ Buée nɛ Jean-Robert Argand pɔ-ɖoŋ taa, nɛ pɩtasɩna Gauss  nɛ Cauchy pa-tʊma yɔɔ kɛ siŋ lɩzʊʊ ndɩ ndɩ ñʊŋ tʊma kpa ɖoŋ. 

Pɩ-tɛ matʊ ndʊ keekee taa lɛ pɩkɛ ñʊŋ kalʊʊ kpabɩtʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ lɛɣtʊ tʊmɩyɛ tʊ William Rowan Hamilton kaalaba yɔ ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1826 yɔ, kɛlɛ ɛtana-tʊ Irɩlandɩ tɔmɩŋ lɩzɩyaa ɛsɩndaa pɩnaɣ 1833, nɛ esusi-ʊ pɩnaɣ 1835. Carl Friedrich Gauss ɖɔɖɔ ñala tɩ-yɔɔ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ ɛna kʊyʊmtʊ ndʊ pɩnaɣ 1831 kɛlɛ ɛlɛ ñosusi ɛ-ñɩndʊ ndʊ pɩnaɣ 1837. Euler ɖɔɖɔ pɛcɛlɩɣ matʊ tʊ nɛ yɔ i kɛ √-1 pɩnaɣ 1777. 

Papaza tʊmɩyɛ labɩnaʊ nɛ ñʊŋ ɛnʊ tomnasɩ ɖɔnɛ nɔmɔʊ taa lɛ ɖooo kpaɣɖʊ 19 alɩwaatʊ taa kɛ Augustin Fresnel tʊma taa pɩnaɣ 1823. Laatiki miŋ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, Arthur Edwin Kennelly, kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 1893, nɛ ɛwɩlɩɣ ɛzɩma papɩzɩɣ pekpeɣli Ohm waa paɣtʊ yɔ. Kɛlɛ Carl Friedrich Gauss yyebina nɛ tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩtɔyɩ ɛyaa cɔlɔ.
Cɔlɩyɛ

**Cɔlɩyɛ**, krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ λογική / logikê, ɖɩkɛ tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩlɩna  λόγος / lógos nɛ ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ se tovonum, yɔɔdaɣ nɛ hʊhɩyɛ pɩkɛ kajalaɣ taa lɛ, yɔɔdaɣ kpɛlɛkɩtʊ, tɔm ndʊ tɩmɩna yɔ ndʊ tɩwɛ ɖeu paɣtʊ kpeekpe ɛsɩndaa yɔ. Tɔmpiye nɖɩ Xénocrate kaalɛɣna-ɖɩ labɩnaʊ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ kajalaɣ ɖeɖe. Cɔlɩyɛ tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖooo kɩbɩnjaazɩ alɩwaatʊ taa ɖɩkɛ ɛyʊ yɔɔ maɣzɩm kpɛlɛkʊʊ piliŋa sɔsɔ nakɛyɛ, pɩnɛ maɣzɩm ɖɔnɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ (ɛyʊ yɔɔ maɣzɩm kpɛlɛkʊʊ) nɛ tomnasi ɖɔnɛ kpɛlɛkʊʊ (kedeŋa kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ). 

Kpaɣ ɖooo Hɛkʊ alɩwaatʊ taa lɛ, tɔmʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-taa fɛyɩ keekee kɛ tɩ yɔɔ keɖeɣa wondu lʊbɛ taa (trivium pʊ-tɔbʊʊ yɔɔdaɣ paɣtʊ yaa tɔm tʊzʊʊ paɣtʊ, quadrivium pʊ-tɔbʊʊ ñʊŋ kɩtɩlɩŋ kpɛlɛkʊʊ, siŋ lɩzʊʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ, tɩyɩnzɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ minziiki tʊmɩyɛ). 

Kpaɣ ɖooo kpaɣɖʊ 17 wɛɛ taa, Leibniz ñɩna siŋ kɛ cɔlɩyɛ tɔm yɔɔ ndʊ palɩna piŋ Aristote cɔlʊʊ tɔm. Ɛñɩkɩɣ nesi Aristote tɔmpee naatozo naayɛ yɔɔ mbʊ se ɛyʊ ɛwɛɛ ɛtɛŋna se ɛkaɣ sɩbʊ kɛlɛ ɛtakɩɣ se ɛɖʊ-tʊ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛ-laɣsɩ taa. Ɛnʊ kɛna kajalaɣ tʊ weyi ekpeɣa nɛ eyele kpayi kpayi cɔlɩyɛ lɩɩ. Emmanuel Kant ñalɩzɩɣ cɔlʊʊ tɔmpiye nɩɣ nɛ ɛtɔŋ se pɩkɛ lɛɣtʊ kpayi kpayi nɛ paɣtʊ nɛ siɣsiɣ caɣʊ kɛ paa mbʊ pɩ-taa. 

Pɩnaɣ 1847 posusa takayaɣ nakɛyɛ tɔm George Boole mana-kɛ payaa-kɛ se *Mathematical Analysis of Logic*, nɛ *An Investigation Into the Laws of Thought, on Which are Founded the Mathematical Theories of Logic and Probabilities*. Ka-taa peeɖe Boole yɔɔdʊʊ cɔlɩyɛ kɩfaɖɛ naɖɩyɛ tɔm, ɖɩwɛna kɛlɛmɩŋ nɛ tʊʊzʊʊ paɣtʊ. 

Tɔm kɛdʊʊ taa lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ pɩkɛdɩna ɛyaa sakɩyɛ nɛ cɔlɩyɛ tɔm kɔzɩ kɔzɩ Aristote paɣtʊ naatozo ndʊ nɛ ɛzɩma pataka ɖooo Leibniz cɔlɔ se pɩsa nɛ palabɩna akɔnta nɛ kʊyʊm kʊyʊm kalɩnaʊ. Tɔm kɛdɩtʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩpaza ɖɩwɛ ɖeu piŋ ɛyʊ yɔɔ maɣzɩm kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ taa mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ ɛzɩ Aristote yaa Stoïci ɛyaa tɛ mbʊ yɔ yaa Leibniz waa pɛ-tɛ mbʊ yɔ palaba ɛyʊ yɔɔ maɣzɩm kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ cɔlɩyɛ tʊmɩyɛ piŋ.
Kɩlabɩm

Kɩlabɩm
Tʊzʊʊ nɔmɔʊ taa lɛ payaɣ se kɩlabɩm pɩyʊ lɛ pɩkɛ akɔnta labɩtʊ tɔm ndɩ ndɩ ndʊ pɛkpɛnda se pɩha pɩyʊ weyi ɛwazɩɣ yɔ pɩtɩŋna kiɖe mbʊ paasɩma yɔ pʊyɔɔ. Kɩlabɩm mbʊ pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩkɛ nɔmɔŋ wɩlɩɣ takayaɣ kɩɖʊɖaɣ kɛ anasaayɩ ñɩɣtʊ taa. Wiluu nɛ takɩɣ hɔɔlʊʊ taa lɛ, pɔyɔɔdʊʊ pʊ-tɔm lɛ pɩkɛ ñʊŋ kalɩtʊ pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se paa ɛzɩmta lɛ panaɣ ñʊʊ.

Wiluu nɛ takɩɣ nɔmɔʊ keekee taa lɛ, kɩlabaa wɛna lɛɛzɩyaa keekee, kɛlɛ ñʊŋ nɩɩyɛ wɛɛ paapɩzɩɣ palabɩ-sɩ nɛ tʊmɩyɛ keekee nɛ payaa-sɩ se pekizina-m waa. Ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ sɩ-taa kɔyɔ mayaɣ kpɛɖɛ ñɩŋa mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ paapɩzɩɣ pɛtɛyɩ mayaɣ ŋga nɛ mabʊyʊ.  
 
Papɩzɩɣ nɛ palɩzɩɣ tɔmʊʊ ŋgʊ kʊ-tɔbʊʊ pɩtɩŋna Leibniz yɔɔ ɖooo kpaɣɖʊ 17 tɛmtʊ wɛɛ taa. Pɩɩkɛ se paɖʊ paa lone nɖɩ lɛ ɖɩ-yɔɔ kɛ pɩyʊ, ɛzɩ ɖoli kʊyʊm tukunayʊ. Mbʊ se patɩlɩ paa lone nɖɩ mbʊ yɔ kɛ Jean Bernouilli nɛ Euler paɖanɩɣ tɔbɩŋ lɛɛŋ lɩzɩɣ keekee.
Kpɛŋgbɛzɛmɩtʊ

Kpɛŋgbɛzɛmɩtʊ
Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ ñɩm kpou cɔlɔ lɛ, kpɛŋgbɛzɛmɩtʊ kɛ kewiyaɣ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa lɛ ɛyʊ kʊyʊm yeke koŋ tɩyɩna kewiyisi ɖoŋ tɩŋa, ɛyɔɔda nɔɔyʊ eecosuu, nɔɔyʊ ɛɛtɔŋ se hayɩ, nɛ paɣtʊ natʊyʊ ɛɛɖaŋɩɣ-ɩ kaʊ, ɛlɛ e-kewiyaɣ ŋga ka-taa ɛwɛna paɣtʊ, yaa paɣtʊ lɩzɩyaa kewiyaɣ mba ɛlɩza kɔyɔ, pa nɛ yɔ nɔɔyʊ fɛyɩ ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ nɛ nɔɔyʊ ɛɛpɩzɩɣ ɛkʊyɩ nɛ e-kpelaɣ. Politiki lɩmaɣzɩyɛ paa ɛzɩmta ɛyaa kʊyʊna-ɖɩ kiɖi kiɖi, peeɖe Hannah Arendt tɔŋ se paɣtʊ ndʊ palɩzɩ mbʊ yɔ fɛyɩ ɖeu, pa-paɣtʊ tamʊna ɛyaa. 

Tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩlɩna latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ taa mbʊ se dictatura, nɛ ɖooo hoohoo taa kɛ Roma ɛjaɖɛ taa pɩkɛ kewiyaɣ madana mana ŋga ka-taa ɛyʊ kʊyʊm koŋ tɩyɩna kewiyisi (ɛnʊ payaɣ kpaŋgbasɛmʊʊ, nɛ pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se weyi ɛyɔɔdʊʊ yɔ). Tɔm ndʊ ɛyaa cɔna-tʊ se tɩfɛyɩ ɖeu nɛ papazɩ-tʊ ɖɩzɩɣ kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 3 tɛmtʊ alɩwaatʊ taa pʊcɔ palʊlʊʊ Yeesuu Krɩstʊ, kɛlɛ Sylla nɛ Jules César paɖanɩ-ʊ paazʊʊ kɛlɛ pa nɛ ɛnʊ pasɩba kpa lɛ tɔm ndʊ tɩɖɩ.

Pɩtɛ lɛ, sɔnɔ avema anɛ a-taa ñazɩtʊ tɔm ndʊ tɩwɛɛ, kɛlɛ ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ pɩkɩlɩna Afrika nɛ Azii ajɛyɛ taa kɛnɛ. Erɔpʊ taa lɛ, Biélorussi nɛ Azerbaïdjan ajɛyɛ taa pamazɩɣ se tɔm tɩwɛɛ. Erɔpʊ nɛ Azii pɛ-hɛkʊ taa lɛ Turkii ɛjaɖɛ taa panaɣ se samaɣ waɖɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kewiyitu wɛɛ pɩmʊkɩ. 

Ɛyaa sakɩyɛ pɩza nɛ pala filim waa nɛ pɔyɔɔdʊʊ pa-taa kɛ pɩ-tɛ ɛzaɣtʊ tɔm ndʊ ɛzɩ Charlie Chapin filim yɔɔdʊʊ kpɛŋgbɛzɛmɩtʊ tɔm (pɩnaɣ 1940) kɔzɩ kɔzɩ ɛyʊ weyi paya-ɩ se Hitler yɔ (Hynkel) nɛ Mussolini –Napoleooni). Barbet Schroeder tɛ aseɣɖe kɛlɛm kɛlɛm Général Idi Amin Dada : Autoportrait (pɩnaɣ 1974), yɔɔdʊʊ Ugandaa kpɛŋgbɛzɛmʊʊ laŋgbɛzɩyɛ tɔm. Ecosse kpaakpaa wiyaʊ (pɩnaɣ 2006) wɩlɩɣ Ougandaa kpɛŋgbɛzɛmɩtʊ laŋgbɛzɩyɛ tɔm ɛnʊ lɛ Idi Amin Dada.
Ajɛyɛ ñʊŋ yɔɔ caɣʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm

**Ajɛyɛ ñʊŋ yɔɔ caɣʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm**, pɩkɛ politiki tɔm ndʊ ɛyaa lakaɣ se pɩsa nɛ pɛ-tɛ ampiiri waa paɣlɩ yɔ pʊ-tɔbʊʊ pacakɩ ajɛyɛ lɛɛna yɔɔ nɛ pɛkpɛndɩ nɛ pɩpɩsɩ kewiyaɣ kʊyʊmaɣ ɛjaɖɛ nɛ payaa se ampiiri. John Atkinson Hobson cɔlɔ lɛ, ajɛyɛ ñʊŋ yɔɔ caɣʊʊ lɛɛzɩtʊ kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 19 tɛmtʊ alɩwaatʊ nɛ kpaɣɖʊ 20 paɣzɩtʊ wɛɛ taa kɛlɛ se lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ pɩtatasɩ pɩkɛ ampiiri tɔm ɛzɩ pɩɩkɛʊ Pax Romana alɩwaatʊ yɔ. 

Marx lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɩnaa kɔzɩ kɔzɩ Rudolf Hilferding, Rosa Luxemburg, nɛ Lénine ɛ nɛ ɛ-takayaɣ ŋga ɛmaa nɛ ɛtɔŋ ka-taa se lalaa ñʊŋ yɔɔ caɣʊʊ, pɩkɛ menɖeke ma-ñɩm ɖoŋ alɩwaatʊ (pɩnaɣ 1916), ɛɖanɩɣ kpaɣʊʊ Hobson tɔm nɛ eyele nɛ tɩtɔyɩ ɛyaa tɩŋa cɔlɔ. Marx lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɩnaa cɔlɔ lɛ, lalaa ñʊŋ caɣʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm kɛ alɩwatʊ ndʊ menɖeke ma-ñɩm tɩnaa kpa ɖoŋ piŋ yɔ, nɛ ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ tɔsʊʊ huuu lɩmaɣza yeke koŋ yɔɔ pamazɩɣ pɩtɛkɛ politiki tɔm. 

Lalaa ñʊŋ yɔɔ caɣʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm ñɔza mɩzasɩ yasʊʊ tɔm ndʊ Caama ɛjaɖɛ ɛyaa kaalaba yɔ. Pɩtɩŋna Versaille tɛ ɖama nɩnaʊ tɔm yɔɔ lɛ Ositralii mʊ Kinee Kifalʊʊ tɛtʊ Caama mba nesi tɛɛ nɛ pɩtasɩna Bougainville lɩm hɛkʊ taa tɛtʊ nɛ pɩkɛ ajɛyɛ kɩkpɛndʊʊ tindimiye C nɖɛ. 

Versaille tɛ ɖama nɩnaʊ yebina nɛ Afrika nɛ Hadɛ yɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ mʊ ajɛyɛ kɩkpɛndʊʊ takayaɣ ŋga kɛkɛ pɩlʊʊ kɛ Afrika nɛ Hadɛ Wɩsɩ Ɖɩɖʊyɛ taa. Waɖɛ takayaɣ ŋga se ɛcɔna ajɛyɛ yɔɔ halɩ nɛ Namibii ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkaɣ ñɔʊʊ yɔ yɔɔ kpazɩ ɖoŋ piŋ Afrika nɛ Hadɛ yɔɔ ɛjaɖɛ kɛ Afrika nɛ hadɛ yɔɔ kiŋ ajɛyɛ pɩkɔɔ pɩtalɩ pɩnaɣ 1990. Zelande kɩfalʊʊ mʊ waɖɛ takayaɣ C ŋga kɛ ajɛyɛ kɩkpɛndʊʊ ŋgbɛyɛ cɔlɔ pɩlɩna Caama Samoa ɛyaa yɔɔ.
Siiŋ lɩzʊʊ

Siiŋ lɩzʊʊ
Siiŋ lɩzʊʊ kɛ kiɖe tɛɛ lɛ tʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ hɔɔlʊʊ nakʊyʊ ŋgʊ kɩlakɩ siiŋ lɩzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ yɔ (tʊmɩyɛ ndɩ payaɣ Euclide tʊmɩyɛ). Kpaɣ ɖooo kpaɣɖʊ 18 wɛɛ taa, siiŋ lɩzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ takaɣnaɣ hɔɔlɩŋ lɛɛŋ (siiŋ lɩzʊʊ kiyebinam, siiŋ lɩzʊʊ mbʊ pɩtɛkɛ Euclide ñɩmbʊ yɔ). 

Tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩlɩna krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ mbʊ se γεωμέτρης (geômetrês) nɛ ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ se siiŋ lɩzɩyʊ, tɛtʊ mazɩyʊ nɛ ɖɩlɩna γῆ (gê) pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se tɛtʊ nɛ μέτρον (métron) pʊ-tɔbʊʊ mazʊʊ. Kɛlɛ pɩtɩŋna payi mbʊ yɔ pekpeɣla kɔyɔ pɩpɩsɩ se tɛtʊ mazʊʊ lɛɣtʊ tʊmɩyɛ.

Tɔmʊʊ ŋgʊ kɩ-tɔbʊʊ lɩzɩɣ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ pɩcɛlɩna paa ɛyʊ weyi lɛ. Keekee taa lɛ siiŋ lɩzʊʊ kɛ tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩmaɣzʊʊ wɛtʊ naa ɖaɣlakɩŋ nɛ walanzɩ. Kɛlɛ tɔbʊʊ lɩzɩɣ mbʊ pɩcaŋ puyozina ɛsakuliye tɔm mbʊ lɛ ɖɩtɩpɩsɩ lɛɣtʊ tʊmɩy krɛkɩ ɛyaaa tɛ cɔlɩɩ wɛɛ taa. Jean-Pierre Kahana takayaɣ nakayɛ taa, ɖɩ-tɔbʊʊ nɩɣ mbʊ pɩcaŋ pɩkpɛndɩna ɛyaa maɣzɩm mbʊ ɛzɩ siiŋ lɩzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ ɖɩpɩsɩ pɩyʊ mbʊ pawɩlɩɣ sukuli taa yɔ. Peeɖe papɩzɩɣ pɛkpɛlɛkɩ ɛzɩma pamaɣzɩ tɛtʊ yɔ. 

Pɩnaɣ 1739 lɛ Leonhard Euler kpɛlɛkɩ Königsberg tɛ kondoloko naa lʊbɛ tɔm, pakpaɣ ɛ-tʊma ana ɛzɩ kajalaɣ siiŋ lɩzʊʊ kazʊwa ŋga katalɩna maɣzɩtʊ natʊyʊ cɔlɔ yɔ, pɩ-tɛ kazʊwa ŋga payaa se maalɛzʊʊ wiɖi kaʊʊ.  
Ɖooo pitihiɣ, siiŋ lɩzɩtʊ nɛ tɩyɩnzɩ taa tʊmɩyɛ pɛkɛ kʊyʊm. Yem taa lɛ, pamazaɣ fenaɣ ɖalakɩŋ, wɩsɩ ɖalakɩŋ nɛ ɖɔɖɔ pɛ-tɛ ɖama posinau nɛ tɛtʊ mbʊ lɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩtɔzɩ Thalès ñɩnɖɛ yɔɔ.
Kewiyaɣ fɛyɩ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ

Kewiyaɣ fɛyɩ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɩnaa (krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ ἀναρχία / anarkhia, pama-ɖɩ nɛ an kajalaɣ pɛmtʊ mayaɣ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se arkhe, kewiyaɣ, sɔsɔtʊ, ñazɩtʊ tɔm fɛyɩ), pɩwɩlɩɣ se pɩkɛ ɛyaa mba pɛ-tɛ nɔɔyʊ ɛɛñazɩɣ nɔɔyʊ yɔ yaa kewiyaɣ paɣtʊ fɛyɩ yɔ, ɛyaa mba pɛ-tɛ wiyaʊ fɛyɩ, nɔɔyʊ ɛɛtɩyɩɣ eyeke sɔsɔtʊ, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ ɖɔɖɔ se nɔɔyʊ ɛɛñazɩɣ lɛlʊ. Ɛlɛ papɩzɩɣ panɩna ɖama, pala politiki paɣtʊ natʊyʊ naa yaa halɩ tɩɖɔɔ kɛlɛ kʊyʊm ɛɛtɩyɩɣ-tʊ eyeke nɛ ɛñazɩna. 

Ɛyaa sakɩyɛ tɛ nɩɣ taa, kewiyaɣ fɛyɩ lɩmɣzɩyɛ tɔm ɖɔ paa weyi ɛ-tɛ nɩɣ taa, nɛ pɩtasɩna pɩwɛɛ ndɩ ndɩ ɛlɛ pɩcaɣ kaɖɛ. Ɖɩcaɣ eniiziye mbʊ lɛ, ɛyaa tɛ nɩɣ taa lɛ pɩkɛ fiti fiti tɔm ɛyaa hɛkɩŋ taa nɛ kɩbandʊ natʊyʊ fɛyɩ samaɣ hɛkʊ. Pɩnaɣ 1840 Pierre-Joseph Proudhon kaalɛɣ ɛ-laŋɩyɛ taa mabʊ nɛ ɛtɔ se ɛkɛ pɩ-tɛ ɛyʊ pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se etisa pʊ-yɔɔ. 

Kewiyaɣ fɛyɩ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɩnaa cɔlɔ lɛ, pɔ-tɔŋ tɔm ndʊ tɩ-tɛ ɛyaa kɛnɛ paɣtʊ tɛ samaɣ, mbʊ papɩza nɛ peyele nɛ ɛyaa nɩɩ nɛ petisi se pɛkpɛndʊʊ pa-ñɩm tɩŋa nɛ pɩpɩsɩ pe-kpeekpe pa-pɩyʊ kpaɣ ɛzɩ kɩlabɩm wondʊ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ lalaa ñɔtɔŋ se hayi matɩna ma-ñɩm. Agbelenaa tɔm kpou pɩlɩna tʊmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩcɔŋna kʊnʊŋ ɖama tɔm nɩɣ cɔlɔ kɛ Caen Basse-Normandie lɛ pɔtɔŋ se pañɩna lɛ tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩ-tɛ agbelenaa 9 yɔɔ lɛ lʊbɛ lɩzɩɣ se lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩfɛyɩ ɖeu (cɔlɩyɛ fɛyɩ, siduu siduu tɔm yeke, yiduu tɔm yeke, wɛɛkɩtʊ tɔm yeke, kɩɩnɩnaʊ tɔm yeke, ɖama kʊyɩnaʊ nɛ aleɣwondu tɔm yeke) kɛlɛ politiki tɔm ndʊ polosa ɛyaa mba pɛ-tɛ yɔ kɛlɛ se (pa-tɩŋa pɛwɛ kɩmaŋ nɛ paa weyi ɛwɛɛ pɛɛɛ taa). 

Pɩkɔma pɩnaɣ 1869, samaɣ ɛsakuliye takayaɣ kɩkalaɣ ŋga pama-kɛ pɩtɩŋna Louis Asseline yɔɔ yɔ ñɩkɩɣ niiye tɔm tʊ nɛ tɩ-yɔɔ nɛ kɔtɔŋ se lalaa cɔlɔ lɛ pɩkɛ komina paɣtʊ fɛyɩ tɔm, sɔsɔtʊ fɛyɩ tɔm, nɔɔyʊ ɛɛwɩlɩɣ nɔɔyʊ nɔmɔʊ nakʊyʊ, paɣtʊ fɛyɩ, ŋgʊ peeɖe yɔ panaɣ yiki yiki tɔm sakɩyɛ ɛyaa fetenum taa nɛ pa-laɣsɩ taa. Lalaa ñɔtɔŋ se pɩkɛ palɩzɩɣ politiki paɣtʊ natutozo ñɩndʊ natʊyʊ yɔ, cɔɔcɩ tɔm fɛyɩ, pɔyɔkɩ kewiyaɣ tɔm, pa-maɣmaɣ palakɩna pa-lɩmaɣza nɛ pa-tʊma, ɛkɔm ɛkɔŋna-wɛ kɩfatʊ natʊyʊ nɛ ɖoli.
Sʊmaɣ Taataa

Sʊmaɣ Taataa kɛna sumaɣ sɔsɔ nakayɩ. Ɛ-hʊdʊ ɖaɣlaa kamaɣ fɛyɩ nɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ eposu-tʊ yɔ, ɛpaɣlɩ kamaɣ fɛyɩ nɛ ɛɛcɔzʊ ɛ-hʊndʊ ndʊ kpɛɛɛ kpɛɛɛ lɛ, pɩwɛ ɛzɩ ɛsɛ wɛɛ tʊ-yɔɔ yɔ. Kpagbasɩ nasɩyɛ wɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ payaɣ-sɩ se taataanaa mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ si-keŋ wɛ ɛzɩ taataanaa keŋ ɖɔɖɔ yɔ. Pʊwayɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, payaɣ huduhuyiŋ nɩɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ se taataanaa mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ, i-keŋ ɖɔɖɔ ɖaɣla nɛ pɛkɛdʊ-ɩ nɛ taataanaa. Huduhuyiŋ ɩnʊ, ɖoo taa ɖoo taa kɛ ɩlɩɣ. 

Taataanaa wɛ ndɩ ndɩ sakɩyɛ: nabayɩ wɛɛ lɛ pa-hundu tɔlɩm wɛ ɛzɩ ɛsɔtaa mɩndʊ yɔ, taataanaa pʊlɔɔ mba wɛɛ, taataanaa nabayɩ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ-wɛ se Koŋgo taataa nɛ taataa kʊnɛ kɩ-tɔlɩm wɛ ɛzɩ tɩŋ hɛtʊ yɔ. Taataanaa kʊhʊlʊmaa wɛɛ, Afrika taataanaa ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ, nabayɩ ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ payaɣ-wɛ se ɖaɣ taataanaa, taataanaa nabayɩ wɛɛ nɛ payaɣ-wɛ se ndamaa, kisidaa wɛɛ, tɩŋ hɛtʊ taataanaa ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ, nabayɩ yɔɔ nɛ takɩŋ takɩŋ, toyi toyi ñɩmba wɛɛ. Taataanaa ñʊn-taa wɛna kaɖɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ nɛ abalɩ ñɩŋ pɩzʊ iposi i-suŋ nɛ pɩwalɩ taŋgalam ɛzɩ kpɩyʊʊ hatʊ yɔ. 

Ɛzɩ sumasɩ lɛɛsɩ taa abalaa wɛʊ ndɩ nɛ halaa yɔ, pɩtɛkɛ mbʊ pʊwɛna taataanaa cɔlɔ.  Tɛyɩtʊ ndʊ tɩwɛʊ abalɩ ñɩŋgʊ nɛ halɩ ñɩŋgʊ pa-taa yɔ, tɩfɛyɩ. Ɖooo pɩnzɩ naalɛ wayɩ kɛ patɩlɩɣ abalɩ ñɩŋgʊ yaa halɩ ñɩŋgʊ. Ɛlɛ pɩcatʊ taa lɛ, halɩ ñɩŋgʊ suu taɖaɣlɩ ɛzɩ abalɩ ñɩŋgʊ yɔ nɛ kɩ-yɔɔ ɖɔɖɔ takɩŋ ɛɛɖɔʊ. Mbʊ sɩŋna-kʊ nɛ kɩpɩzʊ kɩpabʊ taataa kɩ-yala yɔɔ pɩɩnaɣ-kʊ. 

Taataanaa abalɩñɩmba kalɩhʊndʊ pɩzʊ pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ mɛta kʊɖʊmʊ nɛ hɔɔlʊ yɔ. Ɛlɛ koŋgo taataanaa hʊndʊ ɩɩtalʊ mbʊ. Koŋgo taataanaa caɣa wɛʊ ɛzɩ tolotolonaa yɔ. Yee patalɩ pɩnzɩ naatozo lɛ, peeɖe pa-kalɩhʊndʊ pɩzʊ pɩtalɩ mbʊ. Taataa ekoo, pɩpɩzʊ pɩtalɩ ɛzɩ kilomɛta yɔ. Sumasɩ sɩnɛ sɩtɔsɔɔlɩ cɩkpɛndʊ paa ñɩɩɩ.
Ronald Reagan

Ronald Reagan kɛna Amerika taa sɔdʊʊ nakʊyʊ. Ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɔsɔyɛ kɔyɔ Ronald Wilson Reagan. Ɛkɛna Etazunii ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ nɔɔyʊ. Palʊla-ɩ kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ looɖo wiye pɩnaɣ 1911 kɛ Tampiko egeetiye taa, Ilinuwa tɛtʊ taa nɛ ɛsɩ mɩsɩkʊm fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 5 wiye pɩnaɣ 2004 ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 95. Kpaɣna kɔlaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ nɛɛlɛ wiye pɩnaɣ 1981 nɛ pɩsɩɩna kɔlaɣ fenaɣ nɛɛlɛ wiye pɩnaɣ 1989 kɛ ɛɛkɛna Etazunii tɛtʊ ñʊʊdʊ. 

Ronald Reagon paɣlɩ Tiksɔŋ tɛtʊ taa, Ilinuwa taa nɛ peeɖe ɛlabɩ e-sukuli sɔsɔʊ nɛ ɛmʊ takɩyɩsɩ nzɩ payaɣ-sɩ se liisansɩ yɔ kɛ akɔnta taa nɛ samaɣ tɩlɩtʊ(sociologie) taa. Pʊwayɩ lɛ ewolo Iyowa tɛtʊ taa nɛ ɛlakɩ tʊmɩyɛ kɛ aradiyo nakʊyʊ taa. Pʊwayɩ lɛ ɛpaɣzɩ maŋzʊmalɩɩ yaa politiki tʊmɩyɛ. Pɩnaɣ 1950 taa kɛ ɛsʊ Parti démocrate taa nɛ pɩnaɣ 1962 lɛ, ɛlɩɩ nɛ ɛsʊ Parti républicain taa. 

Pɩnaɣ 1964, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pacaɣ lɩzʊʊ peeɖe tɛtʊ ñʊʊdʊ, Barry Goldwater yɔ, ɛcɔnaa se ɛnʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛpɩzʊ ɛkɛ Kalifɔrnii tɛtʊ yɔɔ cɔnɩyʊ. Pɩla mbʊ nɛ palɩzɩ-ɩ pɩnaɣ 1966 nɛ ɖɔɖɔ 1970 ɛlɛ ɛñaɣ pana se paalɩzɩ-ɩ se ɛkɛna ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ pɩnzɩ 1968 nɛ 1976 taa ɛwɩɩ. Jimmy Carter alɩwaatʊ tɛma se ɛtatasɩ kɛnaʊ Etazunii tɛtʊ ñʊʊdʊ lɛ, Ronald sɩɩ ɛ-takayaɣ se ɛkɛna peeɖe tɛtʊ ñʊdʊ. 

Pɩla mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ nɛ pɩnaɣ 1980 taa powoba caca ɖɩ-tɔyɛ yɛ lɛ, Ronald Reagon wa nɛ ɛkɛna Etazunii tɛtʊ ñʊʊdʊ 40 ñɩnʊ. Alɩwaatʊ ndʊ ɛɛkɛna Etazunii tɛtʊ ñʊʊdʊ yɔ, ɛñaɣ pana nɛ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩ-taa mbʊ mbʊ pɩtaaɖɔŋ camɩyɛ yɔ, ɛñɔɔzɩ nɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ tɛtʊ ndʊ tɩɖʊwaɣ kʊñɔŋ pɔʊ taa yɔ, ɛlɩzɩ lɩmaɣza naaayɛ nɛ palɩ pɩ-taa. Ɛ-tɛ keyiitu tɛma lɛ, paɖaɣnɩ caca tɔʊ se pɑlɩzɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ kɩfalʊ nɛ ɛnʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛ-yɔɔ ɛyaa tasɩ ɖʊʊ sɔɔlɩm nɛ lidau.
Werrason

Noël Ngiama Makanda kɛna kɛna Kɔŋgoo ɛjaɖɛ taa hendu teyu, tu-luɖu nɛ mʊsɩ laɖʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ.Palʊla-ɩ saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 25 wiye pɩnaɣ 1965 kɛ Kikwit ɖoŋgiye taa. Afrika taa lɛ, ɛkɛna hendu teyu weyi e-hendu teu kɛdɩna paa-anɩ yɔ. Paatɛma-ɩ sɩm se ɛkɛna hendu teyaa ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Wenge Mussika yɔ pa-taa sɔdʊʊ nakʊyʊ. Pɛ-ŋgbɛyɛ-ɖɩ nɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ kɛ Ndombolo lɩwa. Ndombolo ŋgʊ kɩkɛna Koŋgoo ɛjaɖɛ taa amʊsa wena aciida Afrika ɛjɛyɛ nɛ Ka-samaɣ ŋga kɛwɛna ajɛyɛ lɛɛna taa pɩnzɩ 1990 taa yɔ. 

Ɛnɛ Mpiana pɛkpɛndaa nɛ palɩzɩ tataɣ nakɛyɩ nɛ payaa-kɛ se Mulolo nɛ Kin É Bougé pɩtasɩna Kala-Yi-Boeing. Ŋgbɛ anɛ pʊkɔma pɩtalʊ saŋgayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ lʊbɛ wiye pɩnaɣ 1997 lɛ, ɖɩyɔkɩ, mbʊ pʊ-yɔɔ yɔ, ɖama kɩɩnɩnaʊ kaa wɛ Werra nɛ JB Mpiana pɛ-hɛkɩŋ taa. Pɩla mbʊ lɛ, pɛ-ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ lɛ ɖɩcɩɩ tɔm nabʊlɛ taa: kacalaɣ hɔɔlʊʊ lɛ, Wenge Musica Maison Mère nɛ Werrason, Didier Masela, Adolphe Dominguez, Christian Mabanga, Japonais Maladi, Ali Mbonda nɛ Ferré Gola; nabʊlɛ taa lɛ, Wenge BCBG Les Anges Adorables nɛ JB Mpiana, Alain Prince Makaba nɛ Blaise Bula nɛ pʊsɔzɩna kɩbɩma lɛlaa.

Pɩnzɩ naatozo wayɩ, pɩnaɣ 1991 kɛ palɩza pɛ-tɛ tataɣ naalɛ ŋga, Kin E Bougé. Ɛzɩ tatasɩ lɛɛsɩ yɔ, Kin E Bougé tataɣ kɛnɛ ka-taa nɛ hendu ndɩ ndɩ: Ngoma Maguy, Wunda Ekokota, Princesse Pathy, Kaskin nɛ Eve Sukali. Pʊcɔnɛ pɩnaɣ 1990 talɩ nɛ se palɩzɩ pa-kacalaɣ tataɣ lɛ, pala tambaɣ se powoki Pruksɛɛlɩ nɛ se patɩŋgʊna Parii tɛtʊ taa pa-kacalaɣ tɩŋgʊ, ɛlɛ pɛtɛɖɛɛ poliŋ, mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ pakpa-wɛɛ Kinsasa tɛtʊ taa, pataawɛɛna takayɩsɩ nzɩ sɩpɩzɩ nɛ sɩha-wɛɛ nʊmɔʊ se pɛɖɛɛ nʊmɔŋ ɩnʊ yɔ.

En septembre 2021, La préfecture parisienne en france. avait affirmé que le grand concert de Werrason qui devait se tenir aux Zénith de paris présentait des « risques de troubles graves à l'ordre public et d'atteinte à la sécurité des spectateurs », notamment avec des menaces des manifestations d’opposants radicaux au régime en place. Werrasob a fait part de sa colère envers la France.
Youlou Mabiala

Youlou Mabiala yaa « Le Prince » yaa ɖɔɖɔ « YM » kɛna Koŋgo Brazavili ɛjaɖɛ taa hendu teyu sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ nɛ rumba kɛ eteɣ. Palʊla-ɩ lakɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ loɖo wiye pɩnaɣ 1947 kɛ Prazavili tɛtʊ taa.  Ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɔsɔyɛ kɔyɔ Gilbert Youlou Mabiala. Hendu teu ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Les Mains blanches yɔ, ɖɩ-taa kɛ ɛpaɣzae-hendu teu pʊcɔ ɛkɔɔ ɛsʊʊ nɖɩ payaɖɩ se Les griots yɔ ɖɩ-taa. Pɩnaɣ 1963 kɛ Franco mʊ-ɩ ɛnɛ Celi Bitsou kɛ TP OK Jazz, Léopoldville taa. Peeɖe kɛ hendu teya sɔsa pɛnɛ, Simaro nɛ Vicky Longomba, pahayɩsa-ɩ camɩyɛ nɛ ɛkpa ɖoŋ.

Ɛ-nɔɔ taa nɛ leleŋ ɛzɩ sʊmaɣ ŋga payaɣ-kɛ se ɛdɛyɛ yɔ. Kpaɣna pɩnaɣ 1966 kɛ ɛpaza ɛlɩzɩ tatas; ikamaɣ fɛyɩ. Obimi mbwe, Babotoli ngai yo, Mpungu ya bolingo, Nakoluka yo ba nzela nioso, Dodo tuna motema, Nakopesa yo motema, Billy ya ba fiancées. 

Pɩnaɣ 1972 taa kɛ ɛna hendu teya sakɩyɛ lɩ OK Jazz ŋgbɛyɛ taa nɛ patʊlɩ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Lovy du Zaïre, ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ Vicky Longomba kɛŋna ñʊʊdʊ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1974 taa kɛ ɛna hendu teya pɛnɛ Jean Kwamy Munsi, Diatho Lukoki, Djuke, Master mwana Kongo nɛ Nona Simon paɖʊ  hendu teu ŋgbɛƴɛ  naɖɩyɛ nɛ payaa-ɖɩ se Somo-SDomo. Pɩnaɣ 1976 kɛ e-hendu teu kpaɣ ɖoŋ camɩyɛ nɛ ɛ-tataɣ ŋga ɛlɩza nɛ ɛyaa-kɛ Kamikaze. Pʊwayɩ ɛlɩza lɛɛsɩ ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Bisalela, Radio-trottoir, Fariya.
Zaïko Langa Langa

Payaɣ Zaïko Langa Langa ɖɔɖɔ se Zaiko Langa Langa Nkolo Mboka. Pɩtɛna ɛyʊ nɔɔyʊ hɩɖɛ ɛlɛ pɩkɛna hendu teyaa ŋgbɛyɛ naɖɩyɛ. Palɩza-ɖɩ pɩnaɣ 1969 kɛ Kɔŋgo Kinsasa ɛjaɖɛ taa alɩwaatʊ ndʊ payawaɣ Sayiri ɖɔɖɔ se Koŋgo yɔ. Pɩnzɩ 1970 taa kpem kɛ ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩtɛ miŋ taa nɛ hendu teya sɔsɔ sɔsɔ kaawɛ ɖɩ-taa. Pa-taa kɔyɔ: Papa Wemba, Pépé Felly, Evoloko Jocker, Jossart N'yoka Longo, Bimi Ombalé. Pɩtasɩ ɖɔɖɔ lɛ, hendu teu aŋgba ndɩ ndɩ ñɔɔ ɖɩ-yɔɔ yɔɔ. Aŋgba ana a-taa kɔyɔ:  Isifi Lokole (en), Yoka Lokole, Langa Langa Stars, Choc Stars, Le Grand Zaiko Wawa, Quartier Latin International, Viva La Musica.   

Zaïko tɔbʊʊ nɛ Liŋgala kʋnʋŋ taa kɛlɛ se: Sayiri ɛjaɖɛ caanaʊ taa mba. Langa Langa ñɛkɛna Ekuwatɛɛrɩ hɔɔlʊ taa samaɣ nakayɩ. Paanɛ pɩnzɩ 1980 taa ɖama kɩɩnɩnaʊ ɛɛsʊ ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-taa nɛ paya ɖama yɔ, Zaïko payɛ yaa ɖɩ-wɛtʊ wɛɛ paa-anɩ ɛ-calɩm taa.  Kpaɣ pɩnzɩ 1980 nɛ 1988 taa Zaiko Langa Langa lɩza tatasɩ sakɩyɛ: *Non Stop*, *Tala modèle échanger*, *Hé Ngoss*, *Bongama Kamata position*, *On gagne le procès*, *Nippon Banzai*. Pɩnaɣ 1986 taa alɩwaatʊ ndʊ Zaiko Langa Langa kaawoba Zaapɔŋ taa kɛ palɩza tata ŋga payaɣ se Nippon Banzai yɔ. 

Pʊcɔ nɛ ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩcɩɩ yeli lɛ, ɖɩlɩza tataɣ nakayɩ kɛ pɩnaɣ 1987 nɛ payaa-kɛ se *Subissez les Conséquences*, pʊtɔbʊʊ se, mbʊ ŋɖʊ yɔ ŋgʊŋ-pʊ kɛɛkɛɛ. Pɩnaɣ 1988 kɛ ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩyaa pɩlɩɩna Nyoka Longo nɛ Lengi Lenga pa-ɖama kɩɩnɩnaʊ yɔɔ. Pataa paa-anɩ ɛñɩnaɣ se ɛnʊ ɛkɛŋna ɖɩ-ñʊʊdʊ. Pa-kpaagbaɣ tataɣ kɔyɔ *Poison* pʊtɔbʊʊ se kʊdɔŋ. Lɔŋsɩnɖʊ nɔɔyʊ ñama ŋgbɛyɛ ɖɩnɛ ɖɩ-yɔɔ kɛ tɔm se: Zaïko Langa Langa kɛna ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsɔɔla tʊmɩyɛ kɩpanɖɛ labʊ camɩyɛ yɔ.
Youssou N'Dour

Youssou Madjiguène N'Dour kɛna Senegalɩ ɛjaɖɛ hendu teyu sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ, ɛkɛ hendu luɖu, tɩ-mayʊ, keesi maɖʊ, maŋzʊmalɩ yaa politki tʊma laɖʊ nɛ ɛpɩzʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛkpaɣ nɔɔyʊ hendu nɛ ɛtasɩ-tʊ ñɔɔzʊ nɛ ete. Palʊla-ɩ Taakarɩ tɛtʊ taa, Senegalɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa kɛ aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ kacalaɣ ŋgʊ wiye pɩnaɣ 1959. 

Youssou Madjiguène N'Dour kɛ payaɣ se mbalax wiyao nɛ ajɛya kpeekpe sɩma-ɩ nɛ e-hendu teu taa. Kpaɣ pɩknaɣ 2003 kɛ ɛpɩsa Senegalɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa aseɣde tɔm heeya nabayɩ takasɩ mayaa nɔɔyɔɔ-tʊ. Komina taa, ɛlaba tʊma ndɩ ndɩ: kpaɣ ɖomaɣ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ naanza wiye pɩnaɣ 2012 lɛ ɛkɛ minisri weyi ɛcɔŋna ɛsakuliye nɛ ɛsɩyɛ egbena, kpaɣ aloma fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 29 pɩnaɣ 2012 pɩsɩɩna salaŋ fenaɣ 2013 ɖɔɖɔ, ɛkɛna minisri weyi ɛcɔŋna ɛsɩyɛ egbena nɛ ɛsɩnda wobu yɔ, pʊwayɩ lɛ ɛkɛna Senegalɩ ɛjaɖɛ ñʊʊdʊ weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Macky Sall yɔ, ɛ-tɛ lɔŋ tasiyɩʊ. 

Youssou N'Dour kɛŋna kacalaɣ pɩɣa nɛ palʊla-ɩ Medina egeetiye taa kɛ Takarɩ tɛtʊ taa. Ɛ-caa kɛ payaɣ se Eliman N'Dour nɛ ɛlɛ kɛ Serɛre-tʊ piyele e-ɖoo yɔ, ɛlɛ ñɛkɛna wolof-tʊ. E-ɖoo kɛ keesi maɖʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ nɛ payaɣ--ɩ se Ndeye Sokhna Mboup. Ɛkɛna malʊʊ nɛ ɛwɛ ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se muridi yɔ ɖɩ-taa. Ɛɛwɛna pɩya naalɛ nɛ halaa ndɩ ndɩ halɩ pɩɣa nɛ abɩlɩ pɩɣa, Birane nɛ Thioro. Pʊwayɩ kɛ ɛkpaɣ Mami Camara nɛ ɛna-ɩ pɛwɛɛna pɩya naanza pɩnzɩ 17 taa. Pɩnzɩ 17 sɩwayɩ kɛ Youssou Madjiguène N'Dour nɛ ɛ-halʊ Mami Camara paya-ɖama. Pɩla mbʊ lɛ, ɛkpaɣ halʊ naaza-tʊ nɛ payaɣ ɛlɛ Aïda Coulibaly. Aïda ɛnɛ ɛñɩma ɛ-ñɩnʊ lɛlʊ kɛna Senegalɩ-tʊ nɛ lɛlʊ Fransɩ-tʊ. Aïda Coulibaly nɛ Youssou N'Dour palʊla piya naanza ɖɔɖɔ nɛ tɩnɩʊ ñʊʊtaa ñɩnʊ payaɣ se Nelson Mandela.

Ɛpaɣza hendu teu ɛlɛ ɛɛwɛna pɩnzɩ 19 nɛ ɛtapɩzɩ ɛsʊ sukili kɩtɛzʊ taa.Senegalɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa weyi payaɣ-ɩ se Ibrahima Sylla yɔ, ɛnʊ lɩzɩna ɛ-kacalaɣ tataɣ kɛ Studio Golden Baobab taa. Ɛna hendu teya sɔsɔ sɔsɔ ɛzɩ Peter Gabriel, Paul Simon, Manu Dibango, Alan Stivell yɔ palaba tʊma. Ɛtataɣ ŋga ka-hɩɖɛ kɩla sɛʊ yɔ, ŋgalɛ 7 Seconds, nɛ ɛna Neneh Cherry petena-kɛ.
Yannick Noah

Yannick Noah na wɩsɩ kɛ agoza fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 18 wiye kɛ pɩnaɣ 1960 Ardɛnɩ tɛtʊ taa, Fransɩɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa. Ɛ-tʊma ɖɔɔ: ɛkɛ hendu teyu, pombo maɖʊ nɛ pombo ŋgʊ pamakɩ-kʊ nɛ paabaanaa yɔ kɩ-maɖʊ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɖooo ɛzɩ ɛpaɣzʊ mabʊ teenisi yɔ, ɛnʊ kɛŋna kacalaɣ-tʊ kɛ kɛgbɛyaɣ ŋga paalabɩ-kɛ pɩnaɣ 1983 nɛ payaa-kɛ se Roland-Garros yɔ keɖeeɖe. Mbʊ yebina nɛ halɩ nɛ sɔnɔ e-yeke ɛ-hɩɖɛ sɛɣʊna Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ tɩŋga taa se ɛmʊ nimiye nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Grand Chelem yɔ. Ɛmʊ samtʊ nima wena yɔ, atalɩ ɛzɩ 23 yɔ. Ɛ-yɔɔ yɔ kɛ Fransɩ ɛjaɖɛ pɩzaa nɛ ɖɩkɛna kalalaɣ-tʊ kɛgbɛyɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ taa, ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 1991 nɛ 1996. 

Mbʊ ɖɔɖɔ ɛnɛŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ payaɣ-ɖɩ se Fransɩɩ de Fed Cup kɛ pɩnaɣ 1997. Ɛwɛ pombo ŋgʊ pamakɩna-kʊ nɛ paabaanaa yɔ pɩ-ŋgbɛyɛ taa ɖooo pɩnaɣ 2005;  nɛ payaɣ-ɖɩ se International Tennis Hall of Fame. Salaŋ fenaɣ taa pɩnaɣ 2015 taa kɛ ɛlɛɣzɩ Arnaud, ɛlɛ ñaakɛna Fransɩ pombo maɖaa nɔɔ yɔɔ tʊ, nɛ kɛgbɛyaɣ ŋga paañɔɔza nɛ payaɣ-kɛ se Coup Davis yɔ, ɛhayɩsɩ camɩyɛ e-koobiya nɛ pɛkɛna kacalaɣ mba pɩnaɣ 2017. Saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ pɩnaɣ 2016 taa ɖɔɖɔ kɛ ɛlɛɣzɩ Amélie Mauresmo nɛ ɛkɛna ɖɔɖɔ France de Fed Cup nɔɔyɔɔ ɖɛyʊ pʊkɔɔ pɩsɩɩna ɖomaɣ fenaɣ 2018. 

Ɖooo pɩnaɣ 1991 kɛ ɛpaɣzɩ hendu teu nɛ ɛtɛŋgaɣ ɛ-taa ɖɔɖɔ camɩyɛ nɛ ɛmʊwaɣ kʊjɔŋ ndɩ ndɩ kɛgbɛyɩsɩ sakɩyɛ taa ɖɔɖɔ. Pʊwayɩ yɔ ɛpɩsa Fransɩ pombo maɖaa nɔsɩ yɔɔ ɖɛyaa ndɩ ndɩ. Ɛ-caa kɛ Kameruni ɛjaɖɛ taa pombo maɖʊ sɔsɔ nɔɔyʊ nɛ payaɣ-ɩ se Zacharie Noah. Ɛ-pɛlɔ kɛŋna Joakim Noah, nɛ ɛekɛ Fransɩɩ nɛ ɛlɛ makɩ nesi pombo.
Kɩyʋsʋnaʋ

Kʋnʋŋ maʋ paɣtʋ taa lɛ, kʋyʋsɩnaʋ kɛ tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩsɔzʋʋ hɩɖɛ yɔɔ nɛ ɖɩsamna-ɖɩ yɔ. Kʋyʋsɩnaʋ yekina nɛ hɩɖɛ wɛɛna tɔbʋʋ nɩʋ tɔm loyaɣ taa.

Kʋyɩsɩnaʋ wɛ ɛzɩ tɔmbiye cɔlɩyɛ nɛ yʋsʋʋ tɔmbiye tɔm loyaɣ taa yɔ. Payaɣ kɩyʋsʋnaʋ ɖɔɖɔ se yʋsaɣ pʋyʋ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɛtʋŋ tʋmɩyɛ lɛɛɖɛ tɔm loyaɣ taa yɔ. 

Kɩyʋsɩnɩyaa mba payʋsʋʋ yɔ, pa nɛ paɣtʋ loyisi pɛkpɛndɩɣ nɛ ɛyʋ pɩzɩ eɖizina yʋsɩyaa pɩlɩʋ. Kɩyʋsɩnɩyaa panɛ pɛwɛ ndɩ nɛ kɩyʋsɩnɩyaa lalaa. 

Tɔmɩŋ kikpiyiŋ kʋnʋmɩŋ nɩɩyɛ taa lɛ, kɩyʋsʋnaʋ kpiliɣ. Yee kʋnʋmɩŋ ɛnɩ, ɛfɛyɩnɩ kazuyɛɛlɩ lakasɩ yɔ, pɔyɔɔdʋʋ se kɩyʋsɩnaʋ wɛtʋ lɩɣna hɩɖɛ nɖɩ kɩyʋsʋʋ yɔ kʋ-cɔlɔ. Pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se, kɩyʋsʋnaʋ ɖaɣnɩɣ wɛnaʋ tɔm maʋ paɣtʋ cáńzɩ ɛzɩ wɛtʋ yaa ñʋʋ.
Yʋsʋyʋ maalɛɣzɩɣ

Fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa lɛ, mbʋ payaɣ se yʋsʋyʋ maalɛɣzɩɣ yɔ, pɩkɛ tɔmpiye naɖɩyɛ pɩlɩʋ. Pɩpɩzɩɣ pɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ tɔmpiye hɔɔlaɣ nakɛyɛ. Tɔmpiye hɔɔlaɣ ŋga pɔsɔzʋʋ lakaɣ yɔɔ yaa kɩyʋsʋnaʋ yɔɔ nɛ pɩlɛɣzɩ-wɛ tɔbʋʋ nɩʋ. Papɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ pɔsɔzɩ tɔmpiye hɔɔlaɣ ɖɔɖɔ yʋsʋyʋ maalɛɣzɩɣ yɔɔ nɛ pɩwɩlɩ yʋsʋyʋ maalɛɣzɩɣ ɛnʋ ɛ-tɔbʋʋ nɩʋ. 

Yʋsʋyaa maalɛɣzɩɣwaa taa nabɛyɛ kɔyɔ : lɛɛlɛɛ (Ali ɖɔŋ lɛɛlɛɛ ), ɖɛfɛɛ (ɛlakɩ tʋmɩyɛ ɖɛfɛɛ ), tɛmm (Kpacaa ɖɔŋ tɛmm ), hɛɛɛ (sɔnɔ me-neze maɣzɩ lɩʋ hɛɛɛ) …

Yʋsʋyʋ maalɛɣzɩɣ pɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ ɛkɛna lɩmaɣzɩyɛ naɖɩyɛ tɛzɩyʋ. Ɛpɩzɩɣ ɛkɛ ɖɔɖɔ tɔmloyaɣ tɛzɩyʋ yaa hɩɖɛ tɛzɩyʋ. Ɖɩkpaɣ tɔmloyaɣ kanɛ fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa nɛ ɖɩna : « Ñɔɔsɩ wɩwaɣ-ɩ siŋŋ, ɛlɛ, pizaɖeɣmaɣ, ewoŋaɣ. » Tɔmpiye « pizaɖeɣmaɣ » kɛ yʋsʋyʋ fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa. 

Tɔmpiye pizaɖeɣmaɣ fɛyɩ kabɩyɛ kʋnʋŋ taa. Yee pɛɖɛzɩɣ tɔmloyaɣ ŋga nɛ kabɩyɛ taa kɔyɔ, pɔtɔŋ se : « Ñɔɔzɩ wɩɣwaɣ-ɩ siŋŋ, ɛlɛ, pɩɖɩɣzɩ ɛyaa se ewoŋaɣ. » Yee mbʋ, tɔmloyaɣ kanɛ, ka-taa tɔmpiye naɖɩyɛ tɛkɛ yʋsʋyʋ tɔmpiye.

Tɔmpiy hɔɔlaɣ « ɛɛɛ » fɛyɩ yʋsʋyaa taa. Tɔmpiye « aayɩ » ɖɔɖɔ fɛyɩ yʋsʋyaa taa. Tɔmpiye « paa pɩɩkɩlɩ we yaa « pʋtɔma » fɛyɩ ɖɔɖɔ yʋsʋyaa taa. Tɔmpe wena ɖɩya-yɛ mbʋ nɛ ɖɩtɔŋ se afɛyɩ yʋsʋyaa taa yɔ, akɛ yʋsʋyaa modalisatɛɛrɩwaa.

Yʋsʋyaa ɛɛlɛɣzɩ kaʋ. Yʋsʋyaa kɛŋna tɔmpiye tɛ piye. Ɖɩkpaɣ tɔmloyaɣ kanɛ nɛ ɖɩna : « Kolu talɩ ñɩɣyʋʋ ŋkʋ kʋ-yɔɔ ɛɖʋwa se ɛtalɩɣ yɔ. »
Nɔɔ taa pɔʋ fuwa abalɩmayaɣ

Kabɩyɛ masɩ kpɛndɩ niidozo nɛ naanza (34). Sɩ-taa lɛ, payaɣ masɩ nasɩyɛ se abalɩmasɩ nɛ lɛɛsɩ se halɩmasɩ. Abalɩmasɩ wɛ tindima ndɩ ndɩ taa pɩlɩɩna nɔɔ taa hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ weyi ɛ-taa payaɣ sɩ-hɩla yɔ.  

Ndoma tɛɛ abalɩmasɩ. Nzɩɩ yɔ : b, p nɛ m. Abalɩmasɩ lɛɛsɩ ñɛwɛɛ nɛ payaɣ sɩsɩ se kela yɔɔ abalɩmasɩ. Sɩsɩ yɔ : f nɛ v. Payaɣ lɛɛsɩ ɖɔɖɔ se nɔɔ pɔʋ fuwa taa abalɩmasɩ. Sɩsɩ yɔ : t, d, n, l nɛ ɖ. 

Payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ lɛɛsɩ se nɔɔ kolaɣ cɔlɔ abalɩmasɩ. Sɩsɩ yɔ : c, j, ñ nɛ y. Payaɣ ɖɔɖɔ nasɩyɛ se nɔɔ ñalʋʋ tɛɛ cɔlɔ abalɩmasɩ. Sɩsɩ yɔ : k, g nɛ ŋ. Payaɣ abalɩmayaɣ nakɛyɩ se nɔɔ wiluu nɔɔnɔɔ kʋsʋʋ abalɩmayaɣ. Ŋgaa lɛ mayaɣ h. Payaa nasɩyɛ ɖɔɖɔ se ndoma tɛɛ nɛ nɔɔ ñalʋʋ tɛɛ cɔlɔ abalɩmasɩ. Sɩsɩ yɔ : kp, gb nɛ w.

Abalɩmasɩ nzɩ, paɖʋ-sɩ huwa ndɩ ndɩ taa pɩlɩɩna ɛzɩma sɩlɩɣ ɛyʋ nɔɔ taa lɩʋ mbʋ yɔ.

Payaɣ abalɩmasɩ huuye naɖɩyɛ se plosifi waa huuye. Masɩ nzɩ, nzɩɩ yɔ : b, p, t, d, ɖ, k, c, j, k, g, kp nɛ gb. Hʋlʋʋ tɛ abalɩmasɩ huuye ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɖɩ-taa abalɩmasɩ yɔ : f, v, s, z nɛ h. Mɔɔŋ tɛɛ abalɩmasɩ huuye taa ñɩnzɩ yɔ : m, n, ñ nɛ ŋ. Liu tɛɛ abalɩmasɩ huuye ñɛwɛɛ. Ɖɩɖɩ taa ñɩnzɩ yɔ : l, y, w nɛ r. Nnsʋlʋmɩyɛ kpɛnzɩ yɔɔ abalɩmayaɣ kɔyɔ mayaɣ.
Hɩla pɩlɩŋ

Kʋnʋmɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ kpɛlɛkʋʋ piliŋa hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, hɩla wɛna pɩlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ taa. Kabɩyɛ hɩla hɔɔlʋʋ taa lɛ, pɩlɩŋ hiu (10) wɛna. « E » pɩlɩʋ wɛɛ. Kɩkɛ ɛgbamɩyɛ taa. Ɛzɩ : ɛyʋ ɛnʋ ɛkɔma. « E » pɩlɩʋ sakɩyɛ taa kɛlɛ « pA ». Ɛzɩ  ɛyaa mba pɔkɔma.

« Ki » pɩlɩʋ ñɛwɛɛ. « Ki », wɛ ɛgbamɩyɛ taa. Sakɩyɛ pɩlɩʋ kɛlɛ « I ». Ɛzɩ : Maŋgʋ ŋgʋ kɩsɛwa. Maŋgɩŋ ɛnɩ ɩsɛwa. « KA » pɩlɩʋ » wɛɛ, kɩkɛ ɛgbamɩyɛ taa. « KA » pɩlɩʋ sakɩyɛ taa kɛlɛ « sI ». Ɛzɩ : Haɣ ŋga kasɩba. Hasɩ nzɩ sɩsɩba. 

« ɖI » pɩlɩʋ ñɛwɛɛ ɖɔdɔ ; « ɖɩ » pɩlɩʋ sakɩyɛ taa kɛlɛ « a ». Ɛzɩ : Kelimiye nɖɩ ɖileba. Kelima ana aleba. Pɩlɩʋ « tI » wɛɛ. Kɩɩlɛɣzɩɣ, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se kɩfɛyɩ sakɩyɛ taa. Ɛzɩ : Mʋtʋ ndʋ tɩsɩba. Pɩlɩʋ « pI » wɛɛ. Kʋkʋ ɛɛlɛɣzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ. Ɛzɩ : Lɩm mbʋ, pikiletaa.

Ɖɩɖɔkɩ ɖeu : « E » pɩzɩɣ pɩkɛ « e » ; pɩpɩzɩ pɩkɛ « ɛ » pɩlɩɩna tɔm ndʋ pamaɣ yɔ tɩ-cɔlɔ.

« A » pɩzɩɣ pɩkɛ « pa, pe, pɛ, o yaa ɔ » pɩlɩɩna tɔm ndʋ pamaɣ yɔ tɩ-cɔlɔ ɖɔɖɔ.

« I » pɩzɩɣ pɩkɛ « i, ɩ » pɩlɩɩna ɖɔɖɔ tɔm ndʋ pamaɣ yɔ tɩ-cɔlɔ.

Takayɩsɩ mayaa nabɛyɛ tɔŋ se mbʋ payaɣ se hɩɖɛ pɩlɩʋ yɔ, pɩkɛ ɖɔɖɔ yʋsaɣ tɔmpiye. Ɛlɛ, takayɩsɩ mayaa lalaa ñɔtɔŋ se hɩɖɛ pɩlɩʋ nɛ yʋsaɣ tɔmpiye pɔ-tɔbɩŋ nɩʋ wɛ ndɩ ndɩ. Pɩfɛyɩ se pakpaɣ hɩla pɩlɩŋ nɛ pesidina cɔlɩyaa.
Kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ

Kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ.
Kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ (krɛkɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ τρίγωνος / trígonos, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ tɛ, nɛ μέτρον / métron, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ mazɩtʊ) pɩkɛ tʊʊzʊʊ piliŋa nakayɛ ŋga kalakɩ kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ tɛ ɖalakɩŋ nɛ nɛ kɔlɔmɩŋ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ tɛ pilinzi mazʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ ɛzɩ kpaɣ mɔɔyɛ kujomuu, kɔsɩnɩsɩ nɛ kɔlɔmʊʊ tɛ ɖoli kʊyʊm tukunayʊ. Kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ lɩ ɖooo Egipiti kɩbɩnʊʊ ɛyaa cɔlɔ, Mesopotami nɛ Indus fɛɛʊ taa, pɩtalɩɣ ɛzɩ pɩnzɩ 4000 mbʊ yɔ. 

Pʊwɛ ɛzɩ Babilione ɛyaa sɩ kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ ñʊŋ kɩkalɩŋ tɩyɛ kɛlɛ ñʊʊ mayaɣ kɛna kiɖe. Lagadha (ca -1350 ; ca -1200) kaakɛna kajalaɣ tʊʊzʊʊ ɛyʊ weyi ɛpaɣza siŋ lɩzʊʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ nɛ kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ kɛ tɩyɩnzɩ kpɛlɛkʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ ɖeɖe nɛ panaɣ ɖɔɖɔ tɔm kɩmamatʊ natʊyʊ, kɔyɔ sakɩyɛ taa ɖɩnaɣ sɔnɔ se ɛ-tʊma taa lɛɛna leba, kɛlɛ ɛ-tɛ Vedanga Jyotisha ɖaɣnɩ-ɖʊ pɩsʊʊ. 

Tɩyɩnzɩ nɛ tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ Hipparque Nicée tʊ ɛkɛ krɛkɩ tʊ (pɩnzɩ -190 ; -120) labɩna kajalaɣ kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ kpata nɛ pɩcaɣ ɛzɩ taabɩlɩ nɩma yɔ. Pɩwɛɛ mbʊ lɛ, Hipparque taabɩlɩ naa tatalɩ ɖɔ-cɔlɔ mbʊ lɛ krɛkɩ ɛyaa yeke sɩmna Ptolemee waa tɔm kɛlɛ mba susina tɩ-tɔm kpaɣ pɩnaɣ 150 cɔlɔ, pɩ nɛ pɩmatʊ laɣsɩ kɛ Almageste taa. 

Erɔpʊ ajɛyɛ taa lɛ, kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ tɔm paza kpaɣ kpaɣɖʊ 14 ŋgʊ hɛkʊ taa, papazɩna palɩzɩɣ nɛ latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ Ptolemee tɔm yɔ.  Kajalaɣ ñɩmba yɔ Georg von Purbach nɛ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ e-sukuli pɩɣa sɔsɔ Regiomontanus. Pʊwayi yɔ kpaɣ nɛ kpaɣɖʊ 16 pazɩyɛ wɛɛ taa Oronce Finé, Pedro Nunes nɛ Joachim Rheticus. Silisi tʊʊzʊʊ tʊmɩyɛ tʊ Bartholomäus Pitiscus susa kɔlɔmɩŋ naadozo tʊ pilinzi mazʊʊ tɔm sɔsɔtʊ natʊyʊ pɩnaɣ 1595 nɛ takayaɣ ka-ñʊʊ kiɖe tɔm kɔyɔ se Trigonometria.
Mɛ-ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ lʊbɩyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ

Mɛ-ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ lʊbɩyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ
Mɛ-ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ lʊbɩyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm (Caama kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ Nationalsozialismus), pɩkɛ politiki lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩlʊkɩ ɛjaɖɛ taa samaɣ ñɩm yɔɔ yɔ nɛ pɩkɛ Caama ɛjaɖɛ taa tʊma laɖaa (NSDAP), pɩkɛ ɛjaɖɛ hɔɔlʊʊ nɩwaŋ yɔɔ ŋgʊ kɛ Caama taa palɩzɩ-ɖɩ pɩnaɣ 1920 nɛ Adolf Hitler kaakɛna ɖɩ-ñʊʊ tʊ. Politiki lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa peɖe lɛ, ɖɩnaɣ se ɛyaa kɩla ɖama tɛyʊʊ tɔm wɛ ɖɩ-taa pɩlɩna paa anɩ kɛ mbʊ yɔ, ɛyaa tɔndʊʊ wɛɛ peeɖe ɖɔɖɔ, kɔzɩ kɔzɩ yudaa mba, sɩlavɩ ɛyaa, tsigane mba, nɛ payaɣ-wɛ ɛyaa cikpema Caama kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ Untermensch.    

Ɖɩcɔna ɖɩna yɔ yudaa mba kaɖɩnaʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm paɣtʊ takayaɣ lɩwa kalaa Caama ɛyaa tɛ lɛ, pɩlɩna se pakʊ ajama yaa pɩlabam waa, palɩzɩ mba paatisiɣ politiki ŋgʊ kɩ-yɔɔ weziŋ, pakʊ abala yeke yaa hala yeke halɩ kpayɛ tɩnaa, nɛ Room mba, ŋgbaɣ nɖɛ mbʊ yɔ pazɩ tɩlɩ keelee pɩnaɣ 1933, pɩlɩna ɛzɩma palɩza tɛyɩtʊ ɛyaa hɛkɩŋ taa yɔ pɩcɛlɩna kɔzɩ kɔzɩ mɩzasɩ yasʊʊ tɔm. Politiki tɔm nɖʊ tiseɣtina kedeŋga kpeekpe you sɔsɔʊ naalɛ ŋgʊ, alɩwaatʊ ndʊ sowaa malɩfa pɛɛ ŋgʊ lɩwa nɛ palɩzɩ lona wena taa pɔtɔyɩtɩɣ ɛyaa lalaa mba pɛtɛkɛ Caama mba yɔ, pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩna Caama sɔɔjanaa tɔlaa yɔ pɩnaɣ 1945. Pɩkpaɣʊʊ nɛ alɩwaatʊ ndʊ pɩkɔɔ pɩsɩna pɩnaɣ ŋga mbʊ yɔ pakʊ yudaa mba patalɩ miiliiyɔɔ loɖo halɩ pɩcɛzɩ pɩyɔɔ mbʊ yɔ pɩtɩŋna Caama ɛyaa yɔɔ nɛ pe-nesi ɖʊyaa yɔɔ. Caama azawaa kaamaza se po-politiki tɔm ndʊ tɩkaɣ ɖalɩɣ pɩtalɩ pɩnzɩ kudoku kɔyɔ hayi pɩsɩna pɩnzɩ hiu nɛ naalɛ yeke kɛlɛ pɩsaɣ Erɔpʊ halʊmɩ lalayɩ nɛ Caama nɛ kɩmɩyɛ mankazɩ.

Ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ lʊbɩyɛ lɩmaɣɩyɛ tɔm Caama kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ Nazismus, ɛlɛ tobi matʊ taa kɛlɛ mbʊ yɔ pɩtɛkɛ mbʊ yɔ ɖɩ-kpeekpe maʊʊ taa lɛ pamaɣ se Nationalsozialismus, pʊ-tɔbʊʊ se ɛjaɖɛ taa yeke ñɩm yɔɔ lʊbɩyɛ. Lɩmaɣzɩyɛ politiki ñɩnɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩha ɛsɛ nɛ ajɛyɛ kpeekpe ñɩm kpɛndʊʊ tɔm ɛzɩ Marx lɩmaɣzɩyɛ mbʊ yɔ, Hitler ñacaɣ mbʊ.

Caama politiki tɔm ndʊ tɩpalaɣ ɛyaa pɩlɩna calɩm pɔza mbʊ yɔ, Tzigane waa, Azii ɛyaa, nɛ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ ɛyaa kɩkpɛdaa, pa nɛ yɔ paaɖʊ-wɛ lone ndɩ ɖɩ-taa paasɩɣ ɛyʊ yɔ, pʊwayi yɔ yuda mba nɛ sɩlavɩ mba nɛ Afrika ɖooo hayi hayi ɛyaa pɔ-tɔbʊʊ lɩm ɛwadɩyɛ yɔɔ ɛyaa.
Ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ ɛhʊyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm

Ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ ɛhʊyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm
Ɛjaɖɛ yɔɔ ɛhʊyɛ yaa lʊbɩyɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm, pɩkɛ politiki tɔm ndʊ tɩñɔ kpaɣɖʊ 18 wɛɛ tɛmtʊ taa, ndʊ tɩ-lɩmaɣzɩyɛ kaakɛ se paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩwɛ ɖɩ-lone taa paa ɛyʊ weyi lɛ tɛ (kiɖe tɛɛ lɛ pataasɔɔlɩ ajɛyɛ kpɛndʊʊ tɔm). Lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ pɩkɔna-ɖɩ kaɖɛ piŋ Erɔpʊ ajɛyɛ kpaɣ kpaɣɖɩŋ 19 nɛ 20 wɛɛ taa. Tɔm kɛdɩyaa ñatakpaɣ-tʊ ɛzɩ pɩkɛ lɩmaɣza sɔsɔna piŋ mbʊ pʊyɔɔ yɔ lɔŋ sɩnɖaa siŋ wa ɛɛyɔɔdʊʊ pʊyɔɔ natʊyʊ sakɩyɛ.

Tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɩkɛ politiki ŋgbɛyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩsɔɔlʊʊ se palɩzɩ ajɛyɛ hɔɔlɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ nɛ wɛtʊ kpeekpe taa (ɛjaɖɛ, ɛsakuliye, ɛsɔ sɛtʊ, kʊnʊŋ, tɔm kɛdɩtʊ, liu ñɩmbʊ pɩcɛlɩna tʊma hɔɔlʊʊ ŋ ŋgbaɣ nɖɛɛ mbʊ). Lɩmaɣzɩyɛ ɖɩɖɩ ñaɖɩ kpaʊʊ ɖoŋ piŋ kpaɣɖʊ 19 wɛɛ taa, pɩñɔtɩna pɩnaɣ 1870 alɩwaatʊ, yʊlʊnzɩ kʊndɩnayʊ nɛ pɩtɛkɛ ñɛ-tɛ yɔ cɩna  waa lɩmaɣza, kɛlɛ pɩlabam waa cɔlɔ pakɩlaɣ-tʊ naʊ.

Raoul Girard cɔlɔ lɛ, tɔmpiye nɖɩ pʊwɛ ɛzɩ keekee taa ɖɩlɩna piritaniki ɛjaɖɛ taa (yʊsʊʊ tɔmʊʊ nationalist wɛʊʊ yɔ pama-ɖɩ Ɛŋglɩsɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ pɩnaɣ 1715 alɩwaatʊ), nɛ ɖɩlɩɩ keekee kɛ kpaɣ ɖooo kpaɣɖʊ 18 tɛmtʊ wɛɛ taa nɛ pɩwɩlɩɣ ɛzɩma Jacque ɛsɔ sɛtʊ ŋgbɛyɛ tɩnaa sɔɔlɩ pɛ-ɛjaɖɛ yɔ.
Ajɛyɛ kpɛndʊʊ

Ajɛyɛ kpɛndʊʊ tɔmpiye, pɩkɛ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-paɣtʊ kɛ se pɔcɔna nɛ pana ɛzɩma ɛyaa paa ɛjaɖɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa pɩzɩɣ nɛ pɛlɛdɩɣ ɖama taa tadɩyɛ nɔmɔʊ taa, pʊ-tʊʊ tobi taa se ɖama hɛkɩŋ taa sʊʊ, liidiye lɛɛzʊʊ nɛ ɖama, tʊma, ɛyaa tɩtɩŋga taa ɖama sʊʊ, lɛɣtʊ kpɛlɛkʊʊ nɛ ɖama cɔlɔ welesiɣ. Pɩkɛ nɔmɔʊ ɛzɩma pɩtɩŋna nɛ ɛyaa sʊʊ ɖama hɛkɩŋ paa le tʊ yɔ, kpaɣ kɔzɩ kɔzɩ tadɩyɛ tɔm taa, ɛyaa ɖama cɔtɩnaʊ, mbʊ pɩkɛ se paa weyi lɛ ɛ-laŋɩyɛ ɛtaamaa nɛ lɛɛlʊ tɛ ɛjaɖɛ taa wobu, se pɩsa ɖɔɖɔ nɛ pɔcɔna haba yɔɔ ɖɔnaa ɖeɖe ɛyaa nɛ pa-kɩyakɩŋ wondu ɖeɖe. 

Fransɩɩ kʊnʊŋ taa lɛ, tɔmpiye nɖɩ palaba-ɖɩ nɛ kajalaɣ ɖeɖe lɛ Pierre Courbertin tʊ kaalɛna-ɖɩ labɩnaʊ tʊmɩyɛ, kɛ Figaro takayɩ hɔɔlaɣ taa ŋga pama-kɛ pɩnaɣ 1904 saŋayɩŋ fenaɣ kɩyakʊ 13 yɔ, ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ Fransɩɩ tɔm kɛdɩyʊ kaayɔɔdʊʊ yɔ ɛnʊ payaɣ Vincent Capdepuy. Tɩlɩɩ ɖɔɖɔ Paul Otlet takayaɣ nakayɛ taa pɩnaɣ 1916. Tɔmpiye nɖɩ ɖɖi-tɔbʊʊ nɩɣ keekee kɛlɛ mbʊ se ɛyaa ɛsʊʊ ɖama taa paa hɔɔlɩŋ weyi taa paa ajɛyɛ wena lɛ taa kɛ you sɔsɔʊ wayi mbʊ pʊyɔɔ pɩɩwɛ sɔndʊ ɛyaa nɛ lalaa tɛ tɛzʊʊ. 

Tɔmpee naalɛ naayɛ anasaayɩ kʊnʊŋ taa kɛlɛ kabɩyɛ taa akɛ kʊyʊm ana kpɛm tɛ nɛ kpeekpe kpɛndʊʊ. Kajalaɣ taa lɛ tɔmɩŋ ɖɩlɩyɛ tʊmɩyɛ tɩnaa cɔlɔ lɛ, ɖɔɖɔ ɛzɩ kpeekpe tɛ nɩɣ taa lɛ ɛjaɖɛ (palɩzɩɣ tɔmpiye nɖɩ nɛ latɛŋ kʊnʊŋ mundus pʊ-tɔbʊʊ kedeŋga kpeekpe) nɛ globus ɖɩɖɩ tɔbʊʊ se kpeekpe nɩɣ taa) yebina nɛ papɩzɩɣ pɔtɔ se awɛʊʊ yɔ akɛ kʊyʊma anasaayɩ taa kɔyɔ mondialisation nɛ Ɛnglɩsɩ kʊnʊŋ taa kɔyɔ globalization.

Yee tɔmpiye ajɛyɛ kpɛndʊʊ nɖɩ ɖɩkɛ kɩfaɖɛ yɔ, tɔm kɛdʊʊ paɣtʊ taa lɛ ɖɩɩwɛɛ halɩ ɖooo hoho. Ajɛyɛ kpɛndʊʊ tɔmʊʊ, pɩkɛ nɔmɔʊ ŋgʊ kiyeba se ɛyaa ɛsʊʊ ɖama taa nɛ kedeŋa paɣlɩ pɩlɩna tʊma ndɩ ndɩ labɩtʊ taa ɛzɩ tɔm kpoŋ lɩzɩɣ ɖɔɖɔ tɔbɩŋ ndɩ ndɩ yɔ, ɖɩcɔna kɔyɔ tɔm ndʊ tɩɩwɛɛ pileɖa. Pɩnzɩ kaaɖɔ sakɩyɛ sakɩyɛ pɩcɔ papazɩ nɩɣ ɖɩtaŋ wayi wayi wɛɛ anɛ a-taa.