Leqran

Awal n **Leqran** yekka-d si tutlayt taɛrabt (**القرآن**), anamek-ins *taɣuri*. D adlis (taktabt) uɣris (iqedsen) n wajjed (ajjed=ddin) n Tineslemt Islam. Ɣur yemselmen, Leqran d awal n Rebbi. Leqran yella d adlis amezwaru s tutlayt taɛrabt. Di lislam llan idlisen nniḍen uɣrisen, am : Tawrat n wasar Musa, Zabur n wasar Dawud, Inǧil s wasar Ɛisa, akw d tira n wasar Brahim. 

Ɣur yenselmen Leqran i yesemlalen awalen n Rebbi i d-iṣaweḍ i talsa isar (nbi) Muḥemmed (**محمد**) s yeḥricen sɣur anejlus Ǧibril s webrid n tatlayt (oral). Anecta yakw i d-rad di 23 isegasen. Llan wiyad qqaren-as daɣen *Lkitab* (adlis), neɣ Ddikr (asektu : rappel). Lislam am tmasiḥit i ttwaḥseb n ajjed ameɣradan (universel). Inna Ibn Xaldun : « *Leqran d ameslay n Rebbi, yettwars-ed ar wisar Muḥamed u yura deg isebtaren n wedlis* ». 

## Aglam n Leqran

Leqran ibḍa af 114 ixfawen. Sesmelen s unnusru af tesɣunt n tuɣzi n sent anagar tamezwarut i g-ttuseman: Taneldit neɣ Tullya (Lfattiḥa). Ixfawen bḍan ayen umi qqaren *el-ayat*, s teqbaylit *anzaten* (tiṣurtin : preuves). Dɣa i s-yin i d yekka wawal Ayatulah. Llan 6219 n inzaten (tṣurtin).

## Amezruy n tira n Leqran

Deg akud n wisar Muḥamed, ḥekkun-d belli inzaten n Leqran llan ttwarun di yal tɣawsa n yimiren : tiferkiwin n tazdayt, iɣsan lqayen n ileɣwman, igelman, iẓra, atg. Imdanen yumnen s Rebbi, llan lemden-ten deg ulawen-nsen, ama s iḥricen neɣ aken s ummid-is (s lekmal-is). Mi yemmut wisar Muḥamed, wid yellan cfun i yinzaten aken ma llan, ur d-qimen ara s waṭas. Dɣa tusa-d tikti useggrew neɣ usemlili-nsent, lamaɛna ilad umgarad neɣ anka (divergence) af wamek ad yili anecta ger imezdaɣ n tallit-nni di Mekka. Aṭas umgarad yella-d af tasunḍa tasnimirant (ordre chronologique) n twafɣa n yenzaten. Ti tagara imeqq°ranen frantt i waken asemlili n inzaten ad yilli si tṣurett tamuqwrant ar tmecṭuḥ anagar tamezwaru ilaq ad tili, tin isɛan isem Tallya, neɣ Lfattiḥa, am waken d tazwert n Leqran. Anecta msefhamen fell-as taqa imḍebren, ɣas aken llan kra ffɣen-t mgal n turda (ṛṛay) agi, imi ɣursen d tawafɣa mgal n asnimiran aken i t-yebɣa Rebbi. 
 
Mgal ixf Amellay (Erraḥman), yakw ixfawen n Leqran nniḍen beddunt tawinest agi : *Bism Allah Erraḥman Erraḥim*, neɣ s Tmaziɣt : « S yisem n Rebbi Amellay Anmallay ». Leqran ibḍa af sin iḥricen imeqq°ranen : inzanen i d-yeffɣen di tɣiwant Mekka, d wid i d-yeffɣen di tɣiwant Madina. Inzanen n Mekka, d timecṭah, ffɣent-ed uqbel Inig (Hiǧra) n wisar Muḥammed si Mekka ar Madina. Ma d tidak n Madina, d timeqqranin, ffɣent-ed mbeɛd Inig-is.

## Asuqel n Leqran ar teqbaylit, ar tmaziɣt
### Ibarɣawaten
Tisuqeltin (tasuqelt:traduction) n Leqran ar tmazight, ibda-d si tallit-nni n tgelda n Barɣwata. Tagelda-yagi tuɣ azar di tama n Tamesna (tura d taɣiwant n Rabaṭ n tmurt n Maruk). Win id isbed-en tagelda agi d Saleḥ At Tarif, d yuday n Maruk i ikecmen ar tneslemt. Tigelda i yellan imiren, am Idrisiyen, At Zirid, Imrabṭen, Imewḥiden, ḥesben Ibarɣawaten d imeslab, imi llan seqdacen yiwen n Islam imgarad af win i llan anda nniḍen, ladɣa di tmura n waɛraben deg usamar.

Qqaren, Ibarɣawaten iṭef-en si tidmi VII ar tidmi XI, sɛan Leqran-nsen i yuran s Tmaziɣt, t-zalan sin iberdan deg wass, uzzumu n Remḍan nsen wezzil yal ass. Daɣen qqaren sɛan yiwen n wisar (nbi) d Amaziɣ, d Saleḥ At Tarif, u ɣur-sen d netta i d anegaru deg umaḍal, mačči d Muḥammed. Ilmend n waya ffɣen-t-ed tigelda nni id nudder, mgal Ibarɣawaten, u sekren trad mgal nsen, armi iɣlin deg ifassen n Imewḥiden deg usegwas 1149. Amek id yella waya : di tagara n tallit agi n Ibarɣawaten, yusa-d yiwen n Ṭaleb d Asufi (Tasnakta Tasufit) umi qaren Lmahdi Muḥamed At Tumert, ilul ger 1079 d 1081, i yeɣra-n cwiṭ di tmurt n Andaluzi, d netta i yefkan taɣiwant n Marakec i yImewḥiden. Asmi immut deg 1130, anelmad ines Abdelmumin, i yemlal di Bgayet taqbaylit, d netta i d-isbeden s wudem unṣib tagelda n-Imewḥiden, i iseɣlin Ibarɣawaten. Qqaren belli Imewḥiden serɣen yak° ayen yuran Ibarɣawaten, ula d Leqran s Tmaziɣt. Lamaɛna Lmahdi At tumert, i snuqel-d Leqran ar Tmaziɣt aken nniden. Anecta i lla-d s isekkilen n Taɛrabt, tamrirt (later:trace) ines ur iban anda yedda.

### 1998 : Kamal Nait Zerrad
Agdud Amaziɣ yerǧa armi d 1998, d amek id yella yiwen unnaruḍ, neɣ tamezzuyt sɣur umnadi aqbayli n tasnawalt (Linguistique), Kamal Naït-Zerrad, af tasuqelt n Leqran ar Tmaziɣt. Lamaɛna mačči yak°, sin nni kan iḥricen ineggura n Leqran, azal n 49 inzaten: Tullya d tidak  i yellan d timecṭaḥ i d-yezgan di taggara n Leqran, i snen i yis ittẓallan yemselmen s umata. Anecta isemlil-it-id Kamal Nayet Zerrad deg yiwen n wedlis, umi isemma *Amawal amasɣan n tmaziɣt : asuqel n sin yeḥricen ineggura n weqran*, s tefranṣiṣt : *Lexique religieux berbère et néologie : un essai de traduction partielle du Coran*. Adlis-a isɛan 347 isebtaren, effɣ-ed sɣur: 'Centre d'Etudes Camito-Semitique' ak° d 'Association Culturelle berbère en Italie'. Deg umdeya, attan tanzatt n Lfattiḥa, umi isemma Taneldit :

:*S yisem n Rebbi Amellay Amnahaɣ*
:*Tamayt i Rebbi, mass n umeɣrad*
:*Amellay amnahaɣ*
:*Agellid n wass n wesɣan*
:*D keč  i nettmudu, ɣur-ek la ntetter tullin*
:*Welleh-aɣ s abrid amaɣud*
:*Abrid n wid imi tessugteḍ tinufa, ur d wid ɣef i terfiḍ, ur d immunaf*
:*Amin*

### 1999 : Juhadi Lḥusin
Aseggas umbeɛd, di 1999, yiwen uselmad umezruy Acelḥi n Ayt Baɛemran yudsen Sus di yiwet n tasnawit (Lycée) di tɣiwant n Anfa (Casablanca), di tmurt n Murakuc, Juhadi Elḥusin yga tasuqilt n Leqran akk s 114 ixfawen-is, ar tutlayt Tamaziɣt seld mraw (10) iseggasen n leqdic ilmend n wannecta. Yura-t s-isekkilen n taɛrabt, aken i d-yenna, anecta ixedm-it i waken a t-yefhem yal Amaziɣ n Merruk mi ara t-iɣer.  

Di tmurt n Lezzayer, ass n 30 yunyu 2006, aɣmis Aɣmis Lmuǧahid yura belli taneɣleft iwezzla n ajjed atan yessufeɣ-d asuqel amaddu (complet) n Leqran, sɣur Ḥaǧ Muḥend Ṭeyyeb, Aselway usqamu ussin n tmezgidat (leǧwama) n temnaṭ (twilayat) n Tizi Wezzu. Anecta ad ifeɣ ar tizrigin (Imprimerie) n ugelid n tmurt n Tgelda Tasɛduit, di Riyaḍ. Seld n waya, yuffad lḥal, ffɣend kra yexfawen (13 Ḥizb) n Leqran s taqbaylit as tizrigin agi dɣa n ugellid Fahd Ben Abdel Aziz Al-Sawud.

### 2003 (1424 h.) : Asuqel n ugellid Fahd
Asuqel n Leqran di tizrigin n ugellid Fahd s dsaw n taswett n tneɣleft iwezzla n wejjed n tmurt n Lezzayer, ila-d s isekkilen n taɛrabt. Daɣen amur ameqqran n wawalen llan s taɛrabt, acu kan s umesli d tamṣukt taǧerrumit (structure grammaticale) n teqbaylit. Anza n Lfattiḥa, anagar isem-is iqqimen s taɛrabt, ula ṭaqa n wawalen-is s taɛrabt, ɣas ulamma tamawalt (vocabulaire) n taqbaylit, neɣ n tamaziɣt tezmer. Atan amek i yella useqel n Lfattiḥa :

:*S yisem arebi deraḥman deraḥim.*
:*Aneḥmed rebbi atnecker, ad netta id bab netxelqit.*
:*Dereḥman deraḥim.*
:*Ass n lḥeq netta i d bab-is.*
:*D keč kan ara neɛbed, d keč kan i d-amɛiwen.*
:*Mlaɣ abrid i ṣewben,*
:*Abrid bwiḍ i tneɛmeḍ fell-asen*
:*Mači d widak k-isarfen, neɣ wid mu-ɛerqen iberdan*
:*Amin*'

Amedya wayeḍ, d anza, umi qaren s teɛrabt *El-ixlaṣ*, asnuquel ar taqbaylit, mačči d win : *Qul Huwa Llahu Aḥed*. Yernu am Lfattiḥa, imesla-s d taɛrabt. A tnan : 
 
:*S yisem arebi deraḥman deraḥim.*
:*Ina-sen d netta id reb weḥdes*
:*D netta iḥuǧen lxelq-is*
:*Ur d ilul ur isɛi mmis*
:*Ḥed ur yelli d lmetl-is*

Ma nezra, kra n ismal n uzeṭṭa n Internet, a naf kra n inzaten s Tmaziɣt, ladɣa wi d-ixedmen imaziɣen n Merruk. Amedya d tasuqelt n wanza *El-ixlaṣ*, imu semman *Amuzzu*. Atan wamek i t-tnuqlen imaziɣen n Sus, s tmaziɣt taqurant :

:*S isem n Rebbi amellay amnahaɣ.*
:*Ini-d: Rebbi iga iyanen.*
:*Rebbi iga amaɣlal.*
:*Ur irew, ur it ittrew.*
:*D ur ili win ara igdun.*

### 2007 : Ramḍan At Menṣur
Asdawi d umedyaz Ramḍan At Manṣur, i yellan daɣen d aselmad n Takrura yesuqel Leqran at tutlayt taqbaylit seld kraḍ (3) iseggasen d uzgen uqedec degs. Issufeɣ-it-id ar tizrigin 'Zyriab' n umyaru yettwasnen Yusef Nasib. Adlis deg-s 491 isebtaren, u yura s sin inagrawen isekkilen : Tifinaɣ akked Talatint. Adlis a iffɣ-d s uḍebsi n CD-Rom.

## Kra imedyaten n tṣurtin n Leqran
Seg usmel: http://www.freemorocco.com/tamkardit-library/lexique_religieux_berbere_traduction_coran_amawal_ujjid.pdf

1-Taqsidt n Zakariyya slam fellas:

"K.H.Y.Ɛ. (1), d taqsidt n tmella n ugellid-ik ɣef uqeddac-is (lɛebd-is) Zakariyya (2), mi inuja Agellid-is s usuter uffir (3), yenna: (a y Agellid-iw : iɣsan-iw lwayit, u aqarruy-iw yecɛel (ucebbub-is) si ccib, u ur elliɣ ara a y Agllid-iw d ageswa mi ik i nessuter-aɣ(4)" [Maryem].

2-Taqsidt n El Isae:

"Tamanegt (seban) i win i yesnigen aqeddac-is (lɛebd-is) deg yi si lǧamaɛ aɣuddid ɣer lǧamaɛ ibaɛden i deg in-nemmer (nburek) tinilwin (ayen is i d yezzin), aken at neǧǧ ad iwali kra deg izmulen-nneɣ, d Netta id Amislay (i isellen) id Amiray (i yetwalin) (1)" [Al-Israe].

3-Taqsidt n sin n warraw n Adam:

"U eku-asen i d s tidett taqit/isalli n sin n warraw n Adam, yal yiwen degsen imudd asfel, yiwen degsen yetwaqbel (usfel-is), ma d waye-nni ur s yetwaqbel ara, (aneggaru agi) yennad :ar d ak enɣ-eɣ, yennad (waye-nni) : ebbi yetteqbal sɣur wid yellan d lmuttaqin (27) ma teleqeed afus-ik ɣuri aken a y itenɣe nekini ur n telaqeɣ ara ɣurek afus-iw iwakken ak enɣeɣ, (imi) tagadeɣ Allah Agellid n imeɣraden (28) smenyifeɣ ad tɛebbi ibekkaen-iw (dnubat-iw) d ibekkaen-ik, u ad tili deg at n tmest, u ayenni d ayen yeggunin wid yettelamen (29) dɣa tefka-as tnefsit-is ad ineɣ gmas, dɣa yenɣat, dɣa yuɣal deg/ger wid ixesen" [Al-Maida].

4-Taqsit n at lɣar:

"Mi erran yelmeyen ɣer lɣar, dɣa ennand:a y Agellid-nneɣ mudd-aɣ i d sɣur-ek tamella, u heggi y aɣ i d lewqama deg ayen iɣ yerza (10) dɣa nesɛueg imeuɣen-nsen di lɣar (nni) aas n iseggasen (11) sin akin nesker-iten id aken aner anwa ger snat n terbaɛin ara y ilin yeseb aken iwata takkit turfrint (exacte) n tɣimit-nsen (di lɣar-nni) (12) nekni nekku y ak id s tidett taqsi-nsen, nutni d ilmeyen felsen (umenen) s Ugellid-nsen u nerna-asen di tiddin nsen deg ubrid n ddin (13)" [Al-Kahf].

## Tisuqilin n Leqran s tutlayt Tamaziɣt

* Ɣer Tamaziɣt Taqbaylit s usekkil Aɛrab

* Ɣer Tamaziɣt Taqbaylit s usekkil Alatin 

* Ɣer Tmaziɣt Tacelḥit