open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ig

**Ijj** neɣ **Tijjet** neɣ **Ijj anaṭlas** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Pistacia atlantica**) d yiwet n telmest n yisekla yeṭṭafaren tawsit n yijj.

## Aglam

## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit: Pistacia atlantica
*Isem-is s tefransist: Pistachier de l'Atlas
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: Iqq, Bettum‘Étude botanique sur la Kabylie du Jurjura, avec catalogue’ - Aristide Letourneux - Imprimerie Nationale Française, Paris 1870
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Afresɣu

**Afresɣu** neɣ **Ammaz** (Assaɣ usnan: *Prunus persica*) d talmest n isekla yeṭṭafaren tawsit n ufurmas yellan deg twacult tanejjikt

## Ideggan n wemɣay
Asegmar d aseklu d ugummu id yettemɣayen deg tmura id yezgan s iri n ilel agrakal am Surya, Urdun, Israyil, Ležžayer, Ameṛṛuk d Spanya

## Aglam

## Idgan n wemɣay
Yettemɣay deg wemda n wegrakal, Deg tmura n Surya, Tagelda Temeṛṛukit, Israel, Turkya, Akk d kra n tmura n Marikan n wadda am Čili

## Aṭṭanen d wuguren

## Timzikkent n tugniwin


Tugna:Peach flowers.jpg|Aǧeǧǧig N usegmar
Tugna:Flavorcrest peaches.jpg|asegmar
Tugna:Peach dessert.jpg|Timimt n usegmar
Tugna:PeachesInSyrup.jpg|iẓem n usegmar


## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Adeffu
* Igumma
Isiɣid

**Isiɣid** (isem usnan: *Prunus dulci*) d yiwen n ugummu yeṭṭafaren tawsit tisiɣidt.

## Idgan n wemɣay
Aẓar-is d Surya akked Turkya, Maca yettemɣay daɣenula seg Tafriqt ugafa akk d Spanya d waṭas n tmura n Turuft akk d Marikan ufella

## Timzikkent n tugniwin


Tugna:AlmondFarm.jpg|iger n isiɣid di Kalifuṛnya
Tugna:Flower_almond.JPG|Taǧeǧǧigt n isiɣid
Tugna:Almond blossom aug 2007.jpg|Taǧeǧǧigt n isiɣid
Tugna:Flordametller.jpg|Taseklut n isiɣid anda id yettbin iǧeǧǧigen-is leddin-d send ma ad ffɣen iferran-is
Tugna:AlmondShakerbeforeafter.jpg|Deg tmegra ad ittwamermer useklu n isiɣid Kan ad ɣlint tiqqayin (tɛeqqayin) iwwan 
Tugna:Almonds - in shell, shell cracked open, shelled, blanched.jpg|isiɣid send d seld n tukksa n iclem-ines


## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tisiɣidt
* Asegmar
Afurmas

**Afurmas** (Assaɣ ussnan: *Prunus domestic*) d talmest n imɣan yeṭṭafaren tawsit n ufurmas
(llan wid is yeqqaren *Lberquq*  maca awal-a d Aɛrab *البرقوق*).

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tisiɣidt
* Isiɣid
* Ammaz
* Igumma
Agusim

**Agusim** (Assaɣ ussnan: *Juglans regia*) d imɣi yeṭṭafar tawacult n tgusimin yettekkin deg tfesna n tderranin, Agusim d aɣbalu n waṭas n Teprutinin

## Afares

## Tuffra

## Tilmas

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tigusimin

* Igumma

* Aseklu

* Ader
Afarmas

**Afarmas** (Yettwassen s yisen n *Lmecmac*) d yiwen n telmest n ugummu id yettemɣayen deg taggara n tefsut, yezdi d ufurmas akk d usegmar deg yiwet n twacult, Taseklut dgi id yettemɣay isem-is Tafarmast

## Aglam

## Amezruy

## Aṭṭanen d wuguren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Asegmar

* Afurmas 

* Isiɣid
Tiyni

**Tiyni** (Tettwassen s *Ttmeṛ*) d agummu n tezdayt id yettemɣayen de unebdu 

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tazdayt

* Asegmar

* Tiniri
Adren

**Adren** neɣ **ider** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Quercus**) d tawsit n Isekla yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tazzant tla (tesɛa) azal n 600 n talmest n tsafin d yider id yettemɣayen deg wezgen agafan n tegnit. amur ameqran deg-sent d isekla maca llant daɣen telmas ttemɣayent-d d timedkin neɣ d icekeryad (asget n ucekrid). Dɣa isekla n wedren d ticafcalin yerna tid yettidiren aṭas n iseggasen (gar n 500 ar 2000 iseggasen)

Isekla n wedren d tid ilan (yesɛan) tuggta meqqren deg wayen yezzin ɣef ubleɣ d tarrayt n wemɣay anda llant tmedkin ur ugarent ara 1 Mitre deg wakud dgi llant telmas n isekla i yugaren 30 m. Dɣa tilmas-a ur sseɣlayent ara iferran deg umwan di tamiwin anda yella unzwu yemnummsen tilmas-a gant d timeɣlalin n tizzegzut maca deg yideggan isemmṭen amur ameqran n tilmas-a sseɣlayen-t iferr

## Aglam

## Asismel
(Yeqqen ar umuɣ n telmas n yider)

Tawsit n yider (a.u *Quercus*) tettadam gar n 200 ar 600 n telmas. Tilmas-a ttemɣayen-tt-d s talɣa tagejdant deg yideggan imnummsanen alamma d ideggan izunmezzayen deg wezgen agafan n tegnit. Akken daɣen id ttemɣayent deg yideggan yeflalen n Indonesia, s unect n ITIS tilmas-a gant d:

* Ider amric — (*Quercus acerifolia*)

## Tilmas
* Tasaft — (*Quercus ilex*)
* Tasaft yizem — (*Quercus coccifera*) 
* Afernan — (*Quercus suber*) 
* Ider azeggaɣ — (* Quercus rubra*)
* Titcet — (*Quercus pyrenaica*) 
* Tucet (neɣ tacet neɣ tazanet) — (*Quercus canariensis*) 

## Aṭṭanen

## Asexdem d iseqdac

## Ider deg yidles

## Tiwlafin

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Tizwal

**Tizwal** (Assaɣ usnan: *Rubus*) d tawsit yeṭṭafaren tawacult tanejjikt, dges aṭas n telmas amdya: 

* Inijel azeggaɣ (*Rubus idaeus*) 
* inijjel (*Rubus fruticosus*)
* Tizwal tiberkanin

## Aglam

## Tuẓẓut

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Tikilsya

* Inijel azeggaɣ

* Tikilsatin

* Adren

* Imɣan
Tifirest

**Tifirest** neɣ **Ifires** (Assaɣ usnan: *Pyrus communis*) d talmest n yemɣan yṭṭafaren tawsit n ifires deg twacult tanejjikt

## Idgan n wemɣay
Tifirest d talmest id yettemɣayayen deg Turkya, Spanya, n Iqbayliyen, Sirbya akk d Skundinavya

## Aṭṭanen d wuguren

## Tilmas

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Ifires
* Igumma
Agrur

**Agrur** (Unti: **Tagrurt**), Llan wid is yeqqaren *Tanqelt*, (isem usnan: *Ficus carica*) d aseklu id yessemɣayen agummu n tabexsist, Tettwaẓu deg usamar alemmas d Turkya, Tamurt n Leqbayel, tewwed ar Kalifurnya akk d Aneẓẓul n Turuft.

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Imɣan
* Tabexsist
* Agusim
Tikilsya

**Tikilsa** (asget: **Tikilsya**), (isem usnan: *Morus*) d yiwet n talmest n yemɣi yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tkilsatin, Tettwassen s *ttut*.

## Tilmas n tkilsa
* Tikilsa n Lhend
* Tikilsa tamellalt 

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tizwal
* Tikilsatin
* Tikilsa tamellalt
Igumma

**igumma** (Asuf: **Agummu**) d asafar id yettemɣayen deg isekla n kra n yemɣan, Dɣa igumma d aɣbalu dgi id ttefɣɣen yefsan n isekla d yakk tilmas n yemɣan

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Adeffu

* Asegmar

* Tifirest

* Tizwal

* Tikilsya

* Afurmas

* Agusim 

* Aḍɣaɣ

* Aḍil (عنب)

* Asefri
Idernen

**Idernen** (Yettwassen s *Lqesṭel القسطل*) d agummu n tseklut n tdernent yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tazzant

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Adren

* Tadernent

* Tidernent 

* Igumma 

* Tiẓgi
Amekdad

**Amekdad** (**[[Assaɣ ussnan]]**: *Castor*) d aɣersiw amseɣẓaẓ yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tmekdadin, Yettidir deg yenga id ixeddem s yesɣaṛen i gezzem s tuɣmas-is imesden (qeṭṭiɛen).

## Tarrawt
Tettarw-d tawtemt n umekdad gar n 2 ar 3 n yeknaz deg tadist yettawin azal n 60 n wussan, Tesseṭuṭ-iten i 3 n wayyuren.

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Timseɣẓaẓ
* Anẓid
* Aɣezkal
* Aɣersiw
* Tasnudert
Aɣezkal

**Aɣezkal** d yiwen n uɣersiw meẓẓiyen n temsuṭad yeɣɣazen inga d iflayen s ddaw n wakal, I wakken ad yaff učči, Aɣezkal ytett ijiremṭen akk d iweṭfen.

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Aɣersiw
* Amekdad
* Tasnudert
Tagrest

**Tagrest** (neɣ **Ccetwa**) d yiwet gar n 4 n tzunt id yettilin deg tegnit, D tagrest yakk isemmṭen, tettased seld n umwan d send n tefsut

## Aẓaṛ n wawal
Tagrest d awal id yusan seg wegris

## Tagrest deg yidles Aqbayli d umaziɣ

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Tafsut

* Amwan

* Anebdu

* Tagnit
Tafsut

**Tafsut** d yiwet n tzunt id yettasen seld tagrest

## Tifaskiwin n tefsut

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Tagrest

* Anebdu

* Amwan

* Tagnit

* Agama
Hans Christian Andersen

**Hans Christian Andersen** (2 dg yebrir 1805,  Odense - 4 dg ɣucṭ, 1875, Kopenhagen) d amyaru adanmarki. Yella d aneggal d ameskar umezgun, d amedyaz, maca yettwassen ugar s tmucuha i yura s waṭas yerna yefka-yasent azal meqqren d uɣanib i tent-yessawḍen ɣer umaḍal akken yella.

Ur yettwassen ara deg tmurt-is segmi yedba, maca yuɣal-as ccan nezzeh deg Lalman anda ddan mliḥ yedlisen-is, deg Legliz anda yettdukul d Jack London, neɣ deg Fransa anda ixuleḍ daɣ imyura imeqqranen am Balzac.
Deg tudert-is, yessakel aṭas, ama ɣer Tterk, Ṭṭelyan, ayen i t-yeǧǧan dɣa ad yesɛu tahregt i wullisen-is.

## Tiwelhiwin
Anebdu

**Anebdu** neɣ **Awilan** d yiwet n tsemhuyt id yettasen deffir n tefsut yettezwir amwan

## Tignewt

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Tafsut

* Tagrest

* Amwan

* Tasemhuyt
Tazunt

**Tazunt** (Asget: **tizuna**) neɣ **Tasemhuyt** d agezzum n useggas ar 4 n talliwin, Yal tallit d tegnewt-is amek Yettili.

## Azmez n tisemhuyin

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tagrest

* Tafsut

* Anebdu

* Amwan

* Aseggas
Amwan

**Amwan** d yiwen n tsemhuyt gar 4 n tsemhuyin, yettas-d deffir n Anebdu, Yettezwir tagrest

## Awan

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Anebdu

* Tafsut

* Tagrest
Tayda

**Tayda** (isem usnan:* Pinus*) d tawsit n tzumbiyin yeṭṭafaren tawacult n taydiwin. Tawsit-a d tin igebren seg wazal n 111 n telmas, Asɣaṛ n tayda d win ilan (yesɛan) azal meqqren aladɣa di tmugri.

## Ideggan n wemɣay
Tayda tettemɣay deg idgan (imukan) dgi yettili (anezwu|unezwu) d amnummes neɣ d asemmaṭ am: Tamurt n Leqbayel, Turkya, Fransa, Finlanda, Surya, Israyel, ....

## Tilmas
* Azumbay

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Imɣan
* Adden
* Tazdayt
Anezwu

**Anezwu** d addad n unezwu deg kra n yideg deg useggas.

## Asismel anezway

 

* Anezwu asbegsan
* Anezwu amsedrar
* Anezwu aneẓraf
* Anezwu amenẓaw
* Anezwu asfaylu
* Anezwu agraklan
* Anezwu agarwan
* Anezwu amezzay

## Tilmas n unezwu
Llan-t 9 n telmas n unezwu di tegnit:

* Anezwu agraklan
* Anezwu amsedrar
* Anezwu amenẓaw
* Anezwu aneẓraf
* Anezwu asafaylu
* Anezwu asbegsan
* Anezwu agarwan
* Anezwu amezzay
* Anezwu adu-mezzay

## Tilmas n inezwa tigejdanin
Deg Tegnit llan 3 n inezwa d igejdanen s unect n usismel anezway n Köppen:

* Anezwu amnummes
* Anezwu azeɣlan
* Anezwu asemmaṭ

## Asnifel n unezwu

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
*Tagnit
*Adfel
*Agris
Tignewt

**Tignewt** neɣ **Addad n unezwu**, Tettwassen s *liḥala n tegnawt*

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Anezwu

* Tafsut

* Amwan

* Tagrest
Anezwu agraklan

**Anezwu agraklan** d anezwu yellan deg idgan id yezzin i yilel agrakal am tiftisin n Tefriqt ugafa, Turuft n uneẓẓul d Kalifurnya, Tagrest deg unezwu-a ɣezzif, Yetteɣlay-d dges ugeffur d udfel deg kra imukan iflalen (iɛlayen), Anebdu meẓẓey maca yezɣel yerna d ikkaw

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Anezwu
* Ilel agrakal
* Anezwu amnummes
Anezwu amsedrar

**Anezwu amsedrar** d Anezwu yettilin deg idurar di yal tama n tegnit, Tiseddarin deg-s semmṭ-it s umata imi taseddart tameqrant deg unebdu ur tettezray ara (ur tetɛedday ara) 20°, Ma deg tegrest tezmer ad tader ar -30° akken id yettili deg-s wezwu d waṭu

## ideggan n unezwu amsedrar

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Anezwu
* Adfel 
* Tignewt
Adfel

**Adfel** d yiwet n telmest n ugeffur i d-yetteɣlayen s talɣa n teqqayin n wegris, Adfel yetteɣlay-d deg tegrest maca llan yideggan deg wanida i d-yekkat ula deg unebdu am Tizgelt n ugafa d Tizgelt n wenẓul.

## Adfel di tegnit

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Anezwu amsedrar
* Anezwu
* Ageffur
* Azwu
* Tizgelt n ufella
Anezwu aneẓraf

**Anezwu aneẓraf** d yiwet n telmest n unezwu yettilin di tniriwin yettwassen s tdersi (lqella) n ugeffur d waman deg-sent imi azal n ugeffur id yetteɣlayen dges gar n 25 ar 300 mm Kan, anecta d ayen ur yettaǧǧan ara imɣan d isekla ad mɣin anagar kra n talmest izemren ad idiren deg waddaden n uɣurar

## Anezwu aneẓraf azeɣlan

## Anezwu aneẓraf asemmaṭ

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Anezwu
* Anezwu agraklan
Anezwu amenẓaw

**Anezwu amenẓaw** d anezwu yettilin s agensu (zdaxel) n imenẓawen, Tameẓla tazeɣlant gar n tsemhuyt d tsemhuyt ugar n 10 n tseddarin, akken daɣen id qqaren imusnawen d akken anezwu amenẓaw d anezwu dgi yettili wedfel issiɣi deg wakal i 30 n wussan war ma yefsi.

## Inezwa yudsen (iqerben)

## Tasemhuyt n tefsut d umwan

## Tazrawt n unezwu

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Anezwu agraklan
* Anezwu aneẓraf
* Anezwu
Akal (tasnakalt)

**Akal** d tissi tajumma y ifetteten isdurayen iggi n tegnit, Yelfa (yeḍra) dges ubeddel seg zik af kra n tmentilin n anezwu

## Tissiwin n wakal

## Tilmas n wakal

* Umlil
* Akal azeggaɣ
* Aẓaṛ

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Tamsirwa n wakal
* Igenni
Tasrenka

**Tasrenka** (asget: *Tisrenkiwin*) d afecku yettwasxdmen i wsizdeg neɣ i wesray neɣ i weslaɣ

## Inawen neɣ tilmas n tesrenkiwin
* Tasrenka n tuɣmas

* Tasrenka n usired 

* Tasrenka n wesray

* Tasrenka n ussuneɣ
Tasrenka n tuɣmas

**Tasrenka n tuɣmas** d afecku ameẓyan yettusexdem i wsizdeg n tuɣmas d tayna

## Amezruy

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Tasrenka
Anezwu asfaylu

**Anezwu asafaylu** d anezwu yellan deg Tizgelt n ugafa d Tizgelt n wneẓul, Anezwu-a yettaṭṭaf azal n 20% n tjumma n tegnit, Deg unebdu tafukt ur tetteɣlay ara deg Tizgelt n wadda deg wakud dgi ur tettali ara deg Tizgelt n wneẓul, Maca deg tegrest ileffu (iḍerru) unemgal n waya

## Idgan n unezwu-a
Nezmer ad naff anezwu asafaylu deg kra n yidgan am: Antraktika, Grinland, Alaska, Sibirya, Islandia akk d Taftist n ugafa n Skundinavya 

## Tisurta n unezwu-a

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Anezwu agraklan

* Anezwu amsedrar
Anezwu asbegsan

**Anezwu asbegsan** (Yettusma ɣer usebges) d anezwu i d-yezgan deg tlemmast n tegnit gar n sin ijeṛdan n tehri 10° n ugafa d uneẓẓul n tiṭṭ n tfukt, yettwasen s weẓɣal d walluy n tseddaṛin ɣef teɣzi n useggas, d tuget n ugeffur ayen yettaǧǧan  tiẓegwa tisbegsatin ad ugtent deg yideggan-nni, Tiẓgi n Amaẓun d tin yettwassnen yakk gar-asent.

## Ideggan n unezwu-a
Yettili deg ugafa n Tamrikt n Wenẓul, timura n Aneẓul n usamar n Asya, anẓul n Sudan, Tafriqt talemmast d Ɣinya tamaynut.

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Awtul (aɣersiw)

**Agnin** d aɣersiw yeṭṭafar tafesna n tiwetlin yettekkin deg wesmil n temsutad, tawacult n tgetlin, Awtul d aɣersiw amegrud (Yetturba deg wexxam) i lmend n weksum-is d weglim-is, Iɣɣaz deg wakal akken id yebnu tamezduɣt-is umi qqaren angu

## Amgarad gar n ugnin d [[Agtul|uwtul]]
* Awtul neɣ Agtul d aɣersiw yettidiren deg tzagirt (lexla) ur yezmir ara ad yedder ɣer ufgan
* Agnin d aɣersiw amegrud, iẓuran-is kkan-d seg wegtul, yettwagr-s seg zik nni

## Iknuzen (ifrax)

## Učči

## Agmar

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Imerwel

**Imerwel** (isem ussnan: **Lepus capensis**) d yiwet n telmest n iyerẓiẓen yeṭṭafaren tawacult n twetlin. Talmest-a i d-iglem umesgaman Carl Linnaeus deg useggas n 1758, tettidir deg tuget n tamiwin n Tefriqt d Usamar Alemmas.

## Taskant
Teɣzi n imerwel d tin igan gar n 40 d 86 cm. Yuzen gar n 1 d 3.5 cm. Teɣzi n wedfar-is gar n 7 d 15 cm. Imerwel d win ilan alemsir d azunɣid imalen ɣer tewreɣ. Ini n wadis-is yettemcabi ɣer yini n yijdi neɣ d amellal azunɣid. Imeẓẓaɣ-is ɣezzif-it s waṭas, ttfakant s ijufaṛ berriken. Imeswan-is (cclaɣem-is) mellul-it. Allen-is tuwriɣin meqqer-it. Tadfart-is d tamellalt seg waddad, d taberkant sufell-a.

## [[adu-telmest|Tidulemsin]]

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Awtul
Awtul n umadaɣ

**Awtul n umadaɣ** neɣ **Ayerẓiẓ** (isem ussnan: **Lepus**) d aɣersiw amestugan yeṭṭafar tawacult n twetlin. Yettemcabi Agnin, Maca s unemgal-is agtul ur yettidir ara deg wexxam. Ma d agnin d aɣersiw amegrud

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Awtul
* Imerwel
* Tigetlin 
* Iyerzizen
Anezwu amezzay agrawan

**Anezwu amezzay agrawan** neɣ d talmest n anezwu yeṭṭafaren anezwu amezzay, Azamul-is deg usesmel anezway n Köppen: **Am**.

Isig n weẓɣal ayyuran n unezwu-ayi yugar 18° C, yegber seg snat n tsemhuyin yiwet d tanaɣurt tayedṭ d tagrawant. Dɣa di tsemhuyt n unaɣur yetteɣlay-d fellas ddaw n 60 mm n ugeffur kan.

## Asedger
Anezwu amezzay agrawan yettili deg yideggan yellan gar n ijeṛdan n tehri 5° ɣer 30° deg wamur n unẓul d unẓul-asemran n Asya, akken i yella (cwiya) di Tferka (ataram d tlemmast n Tferka), unẓul d tlemmast n Temrikt, akken iyla (yesɛa) kra n tgezmiwin deg Temrikt n Ugafa d ugafa n Ustṛalya.

## Tilmas

## Imedyaten

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Anezwu amezzay aɣurar d ugrawan

**Anezwu amezzay aɣurar d ugrawan** d yiwen n unezwu yeṭṭafaren anezwu amezzay, Azamul-is deg usesmel anezway n Köppen: Aw/As. Isig ayyuran n weẓɣal deg unezwu-ayi yugar 18°, deg unezwu-ayi tella tsemhuyt iẓeɣlen yerna d taɣurart, anda Isig n ugeffur i d-yetteɣlayen di tsemhuyt-nni ur tettugar ara 60 mm, amgarad gar n unezwu-ayi d unezwu amezzay agrawan iga d akken anezwu-ayi aneggar itteɣlaye-d deg-s ugeffur ugar n unezwu amezzay aɣurar.

## Tisemhuyin deg unezwu-a

## Tilmas

## Imedyaten

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Tigetlin

**Tiwetlin** neɣ **Tigetlin** (isem ussnan: **Leporidae**) d yiwet n twacult n temseɣẓaẓ iy zdin iwtal d iyerẓiẓen. Tawacult-a teṭṭafar tafesna n tiwetlɣatin. tegber seg 14 n tewsitin, gar-asent 3 negrent. Tiwsitin-a bḍant ɣer wugar n 60 n telmas yettidiren deg yakk yimenẓawen n umaḍal, anagar Usṭralya d Antraktika (ɣas akken  di Usṭralya llant kra n telmas timekcumin, acku rewlentt-d seg tmazirin n yimdanen).

## Imgaraden gar n uwtul d uwtul n umadaɣ (ayerẓiẓ)
* Awtul n umadaɣ neɣ Ayerẓiẓ d win i d-issiliɣen tawsit n «*Lepus*». Meqqer ɣef yiwtal, imeẓẓaɣ-is ɣezzif, alemsir-is iččur tettfakka s yiḍarren berriken, yerna yettidir iman-is.
* Awtul d win yebḍan ɣer waṭas n tewsitin, tafekka-ines meẓẓiy ɣef tin n uwtul n umadaɣ. Iwtal ɣɣazen isegnen anda i ttidiren deg tegrawin. Mi ara ad ilal uwtul, ittlal-d d aderɣal ur isekked ara. Dɣa agnin (awtul wexxam) yekka-d seg yiwet n telmest n iwtal isem-is awtul imezdi (*Oryctolagus cuniculus*).

## Tiwsitin d telmas
S unect n ITIS (31 tuber 2010). 
* Brachylagus 
** Awtul awezlan – (*Brachylagusidahoensis*). 
* Bunolagus 
** Awtul wasif – (*Bunolagus monticularis*). 
* Caprolagus 
** Awtul amsuqqes – (*Caprolagus hispidus*).
* Awtul n umadaɣ neɣ Ayerẓiẓ – (*Lapus*).
** Ayerẓiẓ abaṛid – (*alleni*).
** Awtul umadaɣ n Marikan – (*Lepus americanus*). 
** Ayerẓiẓ n usfaylu agafan – (*Lepus arcticus*).
** Ayerẓiẓ n Yapun – (*Lepus brachyurus*).
** Ayerẓiẓ aberkan n wedfar neɣ Ayerẓiẓ n Kalifuṛnya – (*Lepus californicus*).
** Lepus callotis. 
** Imerwel – (*Lepus capensis*).
** Ayerẓiẓ n Castroviejo – (*Lepus castroviejoi*).
** Ayerẓiẓ n Yunnan – (*Lepus comus*).
** Ayerẓiẓ n Kuṛsika – (*Lepus corsicanus*).
** Ayerẓiẓ aras – (*Lepus europaeus*).
** Ayerẓiẓ n Granada – (*Lepus granatensis*).
** Ayerẓiẓ n tegzirin – (*Lepus insularis*).
** Ayerẓiẓ n Mancuṛya – (*Lepus mandshuricus*).
** Ayerẓiẓ bu taduṭṭ – (*Lepus oiostolus*). 
** Ayerẓiẓ n yidurna – (*Lepus saxatilis*). 
** Ayerẓiẓ wedrar – (*Lepus timidus*). 
** Ayerẓiẓ n Ccinwa – (*Lepus sinensis*).
** Ayerẓiẓ n Townsend – (*Lepus townsendii*).
* Awtul imzerreg – (*Nesolagus*).
** Awtul imzerreg n Sumatṛa – (*timminsi*). 
** Awtul imzerreg n Annamite – (*Nesolagus timminsi*).
* Awtul – (*Oryctolagus*).
** Awtul wexxam – (*Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus*).
** Awtul imezdi – (*Oryctolagus cuniculus*)
* Pentalagus
** Awtul n Amqmi – (*Pentalagus furnessi*).
* Poelagus 
** Awtul n Bunyoro – (*Poelagus marjorita*).

* Sylvilagus. 
### Tilmas inegren
*† Trischizolagus dumitrescuae.
*† Trischizolagus maritsae.
*† Trischizolagus mirificus.
## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Agtul
* Awtul
* Imerwel
Anezwu agarwan

**Anezwu agarwan** d anezwu di teftisin n umalu n ijeṛdan n tehri, Anebdu dges ur yezɣil ara s waṭas tegrest ur semmeṭ ara s waṭas, 

## Inawen d telmas n unezwu agarwan

* Anezwu adu-mezzay agarwan

* Anezwu adu-safaylu agarwan
Anezwu adu-mezzay agarwan

**Anezwu adu-mezzay agarwan** d anezwu yeṭṭafaren anezwu agarwan, Azamul-is deg tasartut tanezwayt n Köppen: Cfb/ Cwb
Anezwu amezzay

**Anezwu amezzay** d anezwu deg wanda i d-yetteɣlay ugeffur s waṭas, tiseddarin-is ur d-tt-adrent ara s ddaw n 18°, Deg inezwa imezzayen llan-t snat kan n tisemhuyin: **Tasemhuyt tagrawayt** d **Tasemhuyt taɣurart**,Deg yideggan deg wanda yettili unezwu-a ulac asemmiṭ neɣ adfel.

## Tilmas n unezwu amezzay

## Ideggan

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Anezwu adu-mezzay agrawi

**Anezwu adu-mezzay agrawi** d anezwu dgi yettili unebdu d azeɣlan, Ma d tagrest s tamnummest, Anezwu-a yettili gar n ijeṛdan n tehri 25° d 35° agafa d uneẓẓul, Azamul-is deg tasartut tanezwayt n Köppen: Cfa / Cwa

## Asismel

## Ideggan

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Tundra

**Tundra** di Tasnamurt tagamant dgi isekla ur d-ttemɣayen ara ilmend n usemmiṭ, Tundra d awal id yusan seg Trusit: (**тундра**)
Llan-t 3 n telmas n Tundra:

* Tundra n tizgelt n ugafa

* Tundra n isawnen

* Tundra n tizgelt n wneẓẓul

## Tundra n tizgelt n ugafa

## Tundra n isawnen

## Tundra n tizgelt n wneẓẓul

## Anezwu n Tundra
Anezwu n Tundra yerna fell-as usemmiṭ, imi id yezgan deg ideg n unezwu asafaylu, Azamul-is deg tasartut tanezwayt n Köppen: Et

## Imezdaɣ n Tundra

## Imɣan

## Iɣersiwen
Anezwu agersan

**Anezwu agersan** d anezwu afurkan yeṭṭafaren anezwu asemmaṭ anda tiseddarin n wezɣal drus kan n wakud id ttalin-t ar 0°, Yettili unezwu ayyi deg yideggan yudsen (iqerben) ar tjummiwin tizeglin n ugafa d uneẓul am: Grinland, Alaska d Antraktika

## [[Tasna n wegris|Tasniwin tigersanin]]

## Tudert

## Amezruy asnudran

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Anezwu adu-safaylu

**Anezwu adu-safaylu** neɣ **Anezwu agafan** d anezwu ilan (isɛan) tagrest d tasrmmaṭṭ d taɣezfant, Ma d Anebdu meẓẓey maca ur semmeṭ ara s waṭas, Anezwu-a yeṭṭafar anezwu asemmaṭ yettili gar ijeṛdan n tehri n 50° d 70° agafa d unẓul

## Asismel

## Ideggan

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Anezwu amenẓaw agrawi

**Anezwu amenẓaw agrawi** d anezwu afurkan yeṭṭafaren anezwu amenẓaw, Azamul-is n Köppen: (*Askil amenzu* D *d usekkil wis 3 ad yili* A *neɣ* B)

## Ideggan

## Anebdu d tegrist

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Anezwu az-neẓraf

**Anezwu azen-neẓraf** d yiwen n ulmes n inezwa yeṭṭafaren anezwu aneẓraf, Azamul-is n Köppen: BSh.

## Anezwu azen-neẓraf asemmaṭ

## Anezwu azen-neẓraf azeɣlan

## Tilmas-is

## Aglam
Asesmel anezway n Köppen

**Asesmel anezway n  Köppen** d yiwet n telmest n usesmel n inezwa ibedden neɣ yebnan ɣef yizeqziqen d tfesniwin n teẓɣelt, asesmel-a yesnulfa-t-id umesnezway Analman-rusan Wladimir Peter Köppen deg useggas n 1900 ass mi i d-issegrew tagertilt n temɣawt i d-iffɣen deg useggas n 1866, yakk d tgertilt n beṭṭu n unezwu ɣef 5 n tɣulin n Alphonse Pyrame de Candolle.

Asesmel-ayi i d amulan yakk seld mi i d-t-yesrem umesnezway Analman Rudolf Geiger deg useggas n 1961, anda aṭas n tegmayin d tsufaɣ yezzin ɣef unezwu ggunint ɣef yiwet seg waṭas n telsura yeṭṭafaren anagraw-a. Dɣa tagertilt n **Köppen-Geiger** tezga d nettat i d amnir deg tusnazwayt d tesnudert d trakalt s uglaz n usetrer-is i d-yettilin deg yal tikkelt.

## Tagrawt A: inezwa isbegsanen

## Tagrawt B: inezwa iɣuraren

## Tagrawt C: inezwa imnummsen

## Tagrawt D: inezwa imenẓawen

## Tagrawt E: inezwa isafayluyen

## Tilmas n unezwu

## Imedyaten

## Imniren
Agan

**Agan** (Yettwassen s *Lexyar*), (isem usnan: *Cucumis sativus*) d imɣi n izegza n werti yeṭṭafaren tawacult n Tmissayt yessgerwen Tamissa,Taxsayt yak d tilmas n ufeqqus
Idis (aṭṭan)

**Idis** d yiwen n waṭṭan id yettlalen af tmentilt (ssebba) n unfafad n *Orthomyxoviridae*, isemda n yidis zemren ad ilin fsus-it neɣ ddusin (jehden) s waṭas, isemda ayyi zemren ad ilin Tawla neɣ tusut

## Asuji
Tusut

**Tusut** neɣ **Amsuy** d aṭṭan id yettasen seld neɣ deffir n yidis.

## Imedziyen n Tusut

## Imniren
* Azya
Izegza

**Izegza** neɣ **icakan** d irem yesdukkulen aṭas n telmas n yeɣam yettusexdem deg usewwi

## Tilmas

## Azal ameččay n izegza

## Initen n izegza

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Aflilu

* Tiskert

* Tazant

* Agan

* Tibitas

* Tamagzi

* Tamafart

* Adgir

* Alegdam

* Akernennay

* Ikiker

* Amessa

* Taɣensit

* Tamersa

* Taranast
Aṭṭan

**Aṭṭan** d tagnit targamant yettaɣen tafekka n wemdan neɣ agerru-ynes ayen i d-igellun s usenzem d uɣilif neɣ tamumt deg twuriwin d utmelli i wemdan yugmen (i yuɣ waṭṭan). Irem n waṭṭan d win yettusmersen (yettusxedmen) i wsenmel n yal ugur afekkan neɣ Tikdewt neɣ tamsedfart neɣ isekna isetmellayen (yessɛyawen) neɣ ibeddilen irnawen deg tmuska n twuriwin. Tasnaṭṭant tga d tamusni yeɣɣaṛen aṭṭanen-a. Ma d tamusni yeɣɣaṛen asesmel anarray n waṭṭanen yemgaraden iga d Tusemelṭant. Ma d tamusni yezdin yakk aṭṭanen n wemdan d tirrayin n usennefru-nsent isem-is tasnujjya  
Dɣa aṭas n waṭṭanen zemren ad aɣen ula d iɣersiwen ama d imegruden (wid yettidiren ɣer wemdan) neɣ d izagiren (wid yettidiren deg lexla). Tazrawt n waṭṭanen ayti imekknen iɣersiwen isem-is abidaṛ.

## Aṭṭanen n tfekka

## Aṭṭanen n ugerru

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Urnan
* Azellim
* Ajbabuc
Umuɣ n izegza

Tayyi d umuɣ n izegza yettusxedmen deg usewwi

## Izegza imafriwen
* Arɣilem 

* Iwejdem

* Acefri

* Tasemmumt

* Berzemmu

* Taysa

* Adgir

* Iziweɣ

* Tinifin

* Timerzuga

* Taduṭṭ wulli

* Tibidas

* Tibitas

* Gerninuc

## Izegza ittwaferken

* Tazant

* Ikiker

* Tadlaxt

## Izegza iǧǧuǧǧugen

* Taxsayt

* Tiqqest

* Taɣsilt

* Atenṭum

* Agan

* Taga

* Tamissa

* Ukbal

## Izegza n tisekrin

* Tiskert

* Aflilu

* Isikmen

* Ibiw

* Akernennay

## Izegza n iẓuran
* Tazdalt

* Adgir
Agerru

**Agerru** neɣ **Alli** d agraw neɣ d asemdi n tdusiyin n tukza am tnuggit, Tamusni, Aswingem, Tanurnant, Tagerrawt, Taɣara d tutlayt.
Agerru ila (yesɛa) tizmert di tsugint d usemgerred, Akken daɣen yella d amasay (imḍebber) af tɣuri n wafrayen.

## Assaɣ d wallaɣ
Tigzi n wassaɣ yellan gar n ugerru d wallaɣ d yiwet n taluft yellan d tadaslant deg umezruy n tfelsuft.
Tanuggit

**Tanuggit** neɣ **Tafrit** d awal id yemmalen tagnit d waddad n ugerru dgi yettili dges (agerru) deg waddad n uramas deg tuqqna tusridt d tjumma dgi yettidir s tinliwin

## Tilmas n tnuggit

## Tilisa n tnuggit
Tinliwin

**Tinliwin** (Asuf: *Tanila*) d tarrayt n tnuggit s ɣur imuddiren, Acku d tiniliwin i yettallelen (itɛawanen) imuddiren deg tukza (aɛqal) n tɣawsiwin

## Tinliwin tismusin
Tinliwin tismusin yla (yesɛa) ufgan d timsuffuɣin tigamayin gar-as d gar n tjumma dgi yettidir, Dɣa ybedr-iten Arisṭu i tikkelt tamzwart

* **[[Asekkud]]**: Asekkud neɣ **tamuɣli** d tizmert n wallaɣ d tiṭṭ n usemgerred gar n tɣawsiwin d initen, anemgal-is d tidderɣelt

* **[[Timesliwt]]**: d tizmert n umeẓẓuɣ n umegraw n tayyugin timsliyin iteddun s uzwu, anemgal-is d timmuẓẓegt

* **[[Asekdu]]**: d tizmert n inzaren n usemgerred gar n tikdiwin

* **[[Amṭay]]** d tizmert n yiles deg usemgerred gar waramen yemgaraden

* **[[Tanalit]]**: Tanalit neɣ Analizado neɣ tuṭsa d tizmert n igmanen deg usemgerred n talɣiwin n tɣawsiwin, anemgal-is d adebbez

## Tinliwin niṭen

* **[[Akud]]**

* **[[Llaẓ]]** **d** **[[Ffad]]**

* **[[Akmaz]]**
Asekkud

**Asekkud** d yiwet gar 5 tinliwin dgi tiṭṭ d wallaɣ zemren ad snirmen tayyugin tizaradikranin n tafat i wssegzu n wayen yettwaẓren

## Amek yettili
Timesliwt

**Timesliwt** d yiwet gar 5 n tenliwin dgi Ameẓẓuɣ yezmer ad issemgerres gar imesliten ig sell, Ma d anemgal-is d timmuẓẓegt dgi ameẓẓuɣ ad yuɣal war tizmert deg usnubget n imeskiten, Ameẓẓuɣ yebṭa ɣef 3 izegnan: -Agensu n umeẓẓuɣ, -Talemmast n umeẓẓuɣ, -Azɣar n umeẓẓuɣ

## Akat n tmesliwt
Nezmer ad nket timesliwt s yiwen n wallal isem-is Adyumiter

## Timesliwt s ddaw n waman

## Timesliwtar iɣersiwen
Timraradin

**Timraradin** (isem ussnan: **Reptilia**) d yiwen n usmil n iɣersiwen ikuẓdaren inefrawen (*amniote*) yettemruruden i wakken ad ddun seg wemkan ɣer wayeḍ. Tura, llant wazal n 11.900 no telmas n temraradin yettidiren deg waṭas n yideggan n umaḍal. Tilmas-a bḍant ɣef 4 n tfesniwin: 
* Tizutar (*Crocodilia*): tegber seg 30 n telmas.
* Tiqerɣenbubin (*Rhynchocephalia*): tegber seg snat n telmas.
* Timeskebrin (*Squamata*): tegber seg wazal n 7900 n telmas, gar-asent izerman.
* Tifekrin (*Testudines*): tegber seg wazal n 300 n telmas.

Tifekkiwin n temraradin d tid i yeččuren d tiferkekt. Ssrusayent timellalin d tnefriwin. Dɣa, asesmel-a aqdim igber ula seg kra n iɣersiwen imesɣzayen am idinuẓuren ur nettferfir ara.
Aṭas n isenmalen n usismel inemgalen i yezrin ɣef temraradin. Imir-a, timraradin yakk nnegrawent-d s ddaw n usmil n *Reptilia*, maca asismel afurkan atrar imeggez (ijɛel) tagrawt-a d azuniri, acku inzan ijiniyen d isenzikedren mmlen-d d akken tizutar d tid yettaken assaɣ i yigḍaḍ d idinuẓuren ugar n tmraradin niḍen iy ddren. Ihi, igḍaḍ gan d imraraden s unect n temhazt n yiriten. Ɣef aya, aṭas n inagrawen n usesmil n yiran ttalsen (ttɛawaden) asenmel n usmil n temraradin d akken-itent d afurk asnudran igebren ula d igḍaḍ, ɣas akken asenmel ufrin n ufurk-a yemgarad seg umeskar ɣer wayeḍ. Tella yiwet n tmidrant yettemcabin, iga d afurk asnudran 'tizermudmin (*Sauropsida*)' i d-immalen yakk tinefrawin i yettaken assaɣ s waṭas i temraradin timsuḍaḍin n imir-a.

Igmanen n temraradin iqdimen yettwassnen yakk 
, banen-d deg tallit tirrigt taneggarut, anda i nneflin seg tkuẓdarin tuzwirin ɣer tzemraradin iy ssezgin ugar i wakken ad zemrent ad idirent dennig n wakal. Isefka ijiniyen d isenzikedren mmalen-d d akken sin n yiran meqqren yakk n temraradin (Archosauromorpha: tizutar d yigḍaḍ, yakk d Lepidosauromorpha: tizermemmuyin d wayen yettaken assaɣ ɣursent), myaggagen (mbaɛaden) deg tallit tapermant yakked temraradin iy ddren ar thura, maca llant waṭas n tegrawin iy negren imir-a, aya yeḍra-d s usrag (s sebba) n angar amazday.

## Aglam
Timraradin d tinaɣlalin ilan kuẓ n yiḍarren neɣ d tid i d-yekkan seg yimrawen ilan kuẓ n yiḍarren. Imir-a, ttemrurudent s wadis n tfekka-nsent am yizerman, neɣ teddunt ɣef yiḍaren. S tenmegla ɣef tikelmanin, timraradin ur d-ttekkent ara seg twekkiwin maca amur ameqran deg-sent timekfuṭin, ɣas akken aṭas seg telmas n tmeskebrin d timarawin akken i llan ttemyarawen kra n yifurken yettidiren deg waman inegren, anda iy gemmu umgun s agensu n tyemmat, yerna yessexdam tinefra i wakken ad tiggeẓ deg wemkan n teclemt n tmellalt.

## Tilmas n temraradin

# Tizermemmuyin d izerman: Dɣa tagrawt-a yakk ilan aṭas n telmas n temraradin s wazal n 3000 n telmas
# Tifekrin: Llan wazal n 250 n telmas yettwassen ttidiren deg waman n igarawen d isafen yakk d igelmimen
# Tizutar:

## Imniren
* Agizam
Tikuẓdarin

**Tikuẓdarin** (isem usnan: *Tetrapod*) d ifelasmil n iɣersiwen imtegziten, Tessegraw: 

* Timsiffatin
* Timsegṭaṭ
* Timraradin 
* Timankalin
* Tidinazurin
Tinefrawin

**Tinefrawin** (isem ussnan: **Amniota**) d tagrawt tasartut n tkuẓdarin iy ssresayen timellalin deg ugensu-nsent (daxel nsent) tella tanefra, am iselman. Dɣa assezgi ayi yettaǧǧa igmanen n tnefrawin ad ssersen timellalin-nsen sufell-a n wakal wala deg waman akken ixeddmen iɣersiwen irefrawen. Tagrawt-a tegber seg tidgenzawin «*Synapsida*» (seg wacu i d-kkant temsuḍaḍ i d-yettarwen d imuddiren i yettaken assaɣ ɣursent) yakk d temraradin d tmeskebrin d yigḍaḍ. Imgunen inefrawen, ama wid i d-ittlalen neɣ i d-ittefṛuṛuxen, tettaddam-iten tewtemt, yerna aṭas n yickaren inefrawen tteggẓen-ten (ḥerrzen-ten), ama deg tmellalt neɣ deg yisirew n temsuḍaḍ.

## Tamhazt

## Asesmel

## Imniren
Anattar

**Anattar** (asget: **inattaren**) deg tsegda, Tanesramt d tuska. D taseɣnest n wuzzal imesden (qeṭṭiɛen)

## Ibelaɣen
Tamafart

**Tamafart** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Lactuca sativa**), (Tettwassen s: *cclada* neɣ *sslaṭa*) d talmest n yemɣan yeṭṭafaren tawsit n tmafart, tamafart d azegza yettwaččayen s iferran-is

## Aglam

## Tamafart i wučči

## Tidefrin n tmafart

## Asexdem d iseqdac

## Tiwlafin

## Amezruy

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Alwat
Ikiker

**Ikiker** (Yettwassen s: *Lḥemmeṣ حمص*), (isem usnan: *Cicer arietinum*) d azegza yeṭṭafaren tawsit n ikiker deg twacult n temsegza.


File:Cicer arietinum 003.JPG|
File:Chickpea pods.jpg
File:Cicer arietinum20100417 08.jpg
Taɣensit

**Taɣensit** (Yettwassen s: * Leḥbeq حبق*), (isem usnan: *Ocimum*) d azegza deg  tawsit n yemɣan yeṭṭafaren tawacult n temsefranin deg tfesna n timessferranin

## Tilmas-is
Llant waṭas n telmas deg tawsit n tɣensit,:
Tamersa

**Tamersa** (yettwassen s: *Nneɛneɛ نعناع*), (isem usnan: *Mentha*) d yiwet n tewsit n yemɣan akk d izegza yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tmesferranin deg tfesna n tmessferranin dges azal n 42 n telmas yettwasentmen (ittuwkden) d waṭas n telmas ur ttwasntment ara
Adgir

**Adgir** neɣ **Afaran** (Yettwassen s: *Lleft لفت*), (isem usnan: *Brassica rapa*) d azegza yeṭṭafaren tawacult n takernennayt
Aflilu

**Aflilu** (yettwassen s: *Lebṣel بصل*, isem usnan: *Allium cepa*) d azegza yeṭṭafaren tawsit n teskert.

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Adgir
* Tamafart
Tiskert

**Tiskert** neɣ **Ticcert**, (isem usnan: *Allium sativu*) d talmest n izegza akk d yemɣan yeṭṭafaren tawsit n teskert deg twacult n tuccratin. Akken i tettwassen s tilin n tyeggirt i d-ittemɣayen s ddaw n wakal, yal tiyeggert tegber seg ugar n 5 n terbibin.
Tiskert tettwaẓẓaw deg yakk ideggan n umadal, dɣa yebda wemdan issemras-itt send n 7000 n iseggasen aya yezrin, aẓar-is yettuɣal ɣer Asya talemmast anda yella d učči agejdan i tamiwin-nni alamma d usamer alemmas.

## Aglam

## Tilmas

## Uẓẓu

## Asemres
### Deg tesnujjya

### Tawaffra

## Imniren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Tasemsut

**Tasemsut** neɣ **Taseffadṭ** d afecku id yettmugrin s umezzil tetwasxdem i wesfaṭ n wayen yettwarun s wemru

## Amezruy

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Taserramt
* Imru
* Azmam
* Adlis
* Taserramt
Amezzil

**Amezzil** (yettwassen s: *Lkawiču*) d tanga agaman neɣ d aferdis amɣaw id itt-ffɣen seg iɣedduyen d icaggʷen d isekla imu qqaren Hifya id yettemɣayen deg Tiẓgi n Amaẓun di tmurt n Brazil d Kulumbya
Tiẓgi n Amaẓun

**Tiẓgi n Amaẓun** umi ɣɣaren (Turet n umadal) d yiwet n Tiẓgi meqqren di tjumma s wazal n 550,000,000 km, 

## Timura ykecmen deg tjumma n teẓgi
Azal n 9 n tmura g Marikan n wneẓẓul
Tisekkadin tisnajyanin

**Tisekkadin tisnajyanin** (Awal: **Tisekkadin** seg [umyag ''Sked'') d ifecka n [asuji|usuji n wuguren n usekkud

## Iyufa n tnifin

## Tilmas n tnifin
Imɣi amseggas

**Imɣi amseggas** d imɣi yettidiren aseggas Kan am: yirden, Timẓin, Tifest, ikiker, ibawen, ukbal

## Imɣan n useggas n Tegrest

## Imɣan n useggas n unebdu

## Imɣan n sin iseggasen
Ukbal

**Ukbal** (Asuf: **Akbal**) d talmest n imɣan i kecmen deg tgida n izegza, Ukbal yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tessimin

## Aẓaṛ n wekbal
Yettuɣal uẓar n wekbal ar uneẓẓul n Miksik d Gwatimala imi imezdaɣ iẓaṛanen n Marikan llan ssexdamen-t d aɣbali i wewren

## Tuẓut n Wekbal

## Aglam

## Aṭṭanen d wuguren
Imezdaɣ iẓaṛanen n Marikan

**Iserwan n Marikan** neɣ **Imezdaɣ iẓaranen n Marikan** neɣ **Iɣlanen imenza** (S Teglizit: *Native Americans* neɣ *Amerindians*, S Tespanyult: *Indígenas de América* neɣ *nativos americanos*) d ismawen yettwafken i yiɣerfan d yizɣaren n imezdaɣ imezwura n umenẓaw n Marikan n ugafa d unẓul seld n tallit n Christophorus Columbus, akken i ttunefken i tdefrin i d-yekkan zeg-sen, Deg Kanada ttusemmayen daɣen s iɣlanen imenza (s Teglizit: *First Nations*), Deg tazwara, Christophorus Columbus yessemma-asen  s *Ihendiyen* s tezleg (s leɣlaḍ) acku iɣil d akken yewweṭ ar tigzirin tisemranin n Lhend ass mi i d-isnarem amadal amaynu, Maca ass mi i d-issentem uminig Aṭelyan Amerigo Vespucci d akken akal-nni d akal amaynu, fkan-asen isem n *ihendiyen izeggaɣen* neɣ *ihendiyen imrikanen* i wakken ad ten-meyyzen ɣef ihendiyen n Asya

## Amezruy

## Imezdaɣ iẓaṛanen n Marikan Tura
Ar tura sulen (Mazal) aṭas deg-sen ttidiren deg waṭas n tmura n Temrikt, Ugar n wanecta timura am Bolivia azgen ameqran n wegdud-is d imezdaɣ iẓaṛanen 

## Tutlayin nsen

## Ajjed d wesɣan
Awren

**Awren** neɣ **Agren** d aferdis n irden zeddigen yettwasxedmen i wesnulfu n urekti d Seksu d timmimin d waṭas n tgelliwin
Irden

**Irden** (isem usnan: *Triticum*) d tawsit n yemɣi n n useggas yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tessimin, Irden yesferdis tizelfin dgi ttilint dges ifsan-is

## Tilmas n yerden
Llant waṭas n telmas, Maca llant snat ttwasxdement s tuget: 
* Irden ileggaɣen
* Irden iquranen

## Aṭṭanen d wuguren n yerden
Tasnimɣit

**Tasnimɣit** d tarrayt tussnant i tudert n yimɣan, Tasnimɣit d yiwen n uyaw n tesnudert, Imussnawen qqaren-as tikwal **tasnudert tanimɣit**.

## Di tallit tamzikt

## Di tallit talemmast

## Di tallit tamaynut

## Imniren
Tussniwin tigmawin

**Tusniwin tigmawin** d tusniwin yeɣɣaren neɣ yeqqaren idisan tisengamatin tigamatin tiyufatin i yakk tumanin yettilin deg tegnit d tallunt
Izirig n umadal

**izirig n umadal** (S Teglizit: *World line*) i tfekka am imtiwgen d aglam i wkala n tfekka deg ansakud bu 4 n tsekta (Tiddi, Addud, Tehri, Akud)
Anayna

**Anayna** d afecku aẓawan id yettwasxdmen s yiɣir yessufuɣ-d imesli i wsiẓeṛ (i wseɛlem) deg tmezdayt d uɣerbaz
Tifiḍas

## Tilmas

**Tifiḍas** (isem usnan: *Trigonella foenum-graecum*) d talmest n yemɣan yeṭṭafaren tawsit n tfidas deg twacult n tzegza.

## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit: Trigonella foenum-graecum
*Isem-is s tefransist: Fenugrec
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: Ḥelba
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Iɣzeṛ

**iɣzeṛ** (Asget: **iɣezṛawen**) d amda neɣ d ader deg yeggi n tegnit, iɣeẓran tillin gar idurar d ignan d izaɣaren, Akal n yeɣzeṛ d akal yelhan i iwsenɣel d ukraz

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Asif

* Ilel

* Azaɣar

* Agni

* Tiɣilt

* Tamadla

* Aseffaylu
Timejjiwin

**Timejjiwin** neɣ **Timijjatin** neɣ **Tisekwa** d tayuga n tmerna yettilin deg iɣersiwen d ibexxac deg tama tazdat n tɣilefdarin, Timejjiwin ttaken-t tilɣa i yɣersiwen-a ɣef ayen id sent-id-yezzin deg umadal azaɣran s usekdu
Asif

**Asif** (Asget: **isafen**) d amsizel n waman agaman, Hraw yerna ɣezzif ttazalen dges waman id yettasen seg ugeffur d wedfel neɣ aman id yettali seg iɣbula d igelmimen, Dɣa aman n wasif tefakkan tikliwin-nsen deg ayen umi qqaren asafi send ma ad kecmen ar yilel neɣ agaraw

## Umuɣ n isafen
* Asif n Nnil : D asif aɣezfan yakk deg umadal

* Asif n Mississippi : Asif aɣezfan yakk di Tamrikt n Ugafa

* Asif n Amaẓun : Asif ahrawan yakk deg umadal

* Asif n Danub : Asif aɣezfan yakk deg umenẓawa n Turuft

* Asif n Dejla d Furat : Sin n isafel yellan deg Asamar alemmas (Ɛiraq, Surya d Tturk)

* Asif n Yangesti : Asif ɣezzifen deg Asya

* Asif n Sabaw :  Asif deg tamurt n Iqbayliyen
* Asif Asemmam (Aɛebbas) : Asif deg Tmurt n Yiqbayliyen
Tasnamurt

**Tasnamurt** neɣ (taseknakalt) d tamusni yeɣɣaren tagnit d tumanin tigamanin d tifganin

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Adrar

* Akal

* Asif

* Azaɣar
Ajaɣiɣ

**Ajaɣiɣ** neɣ **Azwiɣ** neɣ **Azweɣwiɣ** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Garrulus glandarius**) d agṭiṭ n ijuɣaɣ yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tgerfiwin deg tfesna n igṭaṭ, yettidir deg imenẓawen n Turuft, Asya d Tafriqt.

## Idgan n tudert

## Aglam
Ajaɣiɣ (igṭaṭ)

**ijuɣaɣ** (**[[Assaɣ ussnan]]**: *Corvidae*) d tagrawt n iylalen yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tgerfiwin ilan (yesɛan) aṭas n telmas n igṭaṭ, dɣa igṭaṭ-a ɣur-sen assaɣ neɣ tazdayt meqqren yak d ijilem.

## Tilmas
Igṭaṭ umi qqaren Ijuɣaɣ ur ttwasismeln ara yakk s ddaw n umagrad n yiwet n tidulmest maca ttwafraqen af waṭas n tewsitin deg twacult n tgerfiwin, Tiwsitin-a s iman-nsent gzment af mrawat (ugar n 10) n telmas yettugezmen s talɣa ayyi:

**ijuɣaɣ n umadal azayku (amzik)**
* Ajaɣiɣ
* Ajaɣiɣ bugerru aberkan
* Ajaɣiɣ n Lidt
* Ajaɣiɣ n tegnit
* Ajaɣiɣ n tegnit Aturkman

**Ijuɣaɣ imliɣden**
* Ajaɣiɣ n Sibirya
* Ajaɣiɣ n Sičwan
* Ajaɣiɣ amliɣed

**ljuɣaɣ n umadal amaynu**
* Ajaɣiɣ n imudaɣ n tegzirin
* Ajaɣiɣ n Fluṛida
* Ajaɣiɣ n Meksik
Tigerfiwin

**Tigerfiwin** (**[[Assaɣ ussnan]]**: *Corvidae*) d tawacult n igṭaṭ yettidiren deg yakk imenẓawen n tegnit (anagar Antraktika), Dges ugar n 120 n telmas gar-asent: ajaɣiɣ, ijilem, Timesferẓatin

## Tasartut d usismel
Tirɣudin

**Tirɣudin** neɣ **Tinefra** d agman uwnis inṭṭen yakk d umgun s tmiṭṭ (asraf) deg usirew, itteffeɣ-d seg usirew n tyemmat deg usurif wis 3 n tarrawt.

## Tawuri

## Talɣa d usuddes

## Imniren
Aserrad

**Aserrad** (Unti: **Taserradt**) (yettwassen s *Ṣṣabun*) d arway n tessmin tizeffarin yettusexdem d waman i wsizdeg d weslil

## Aserrad n wexxam

## Amezruy n userrad
Tarrawt

**Tarrawt** d tamhalt n tuffɣa n weqziz s azɣar (beṛṛ) n isirew n tewtemt, Tarrawt tagamant tettwagzem ar 3 n igezzumen: 
* Akruz d tihri n iri n isirew
* Tudra (aṣubbu) n weqziz
* Tuffɣa n Tinefra

Imusnawen ar tura ur ẓṛin ara d acu yessentayen (ibeddun) tamhalt n tarrawt

## Tarrawt tagamant
Agni

**Tagnit** (Asget: **ignan** deg tasnamurt d d Tagnit neɣ d tamurt iɛlayen yemmugen d taluṭayt, Tajumma-ines tezmer ad tugar 100 km², Tesɛa taruɣit neɣ taqacuct am idurar

## Tasartut n ignan
Iɣisem

**Alkul** d awal yettwasxedmen deg tkimit tagemnawt i yakk uddisen ikimanen dgi tella tegrawt tawurant tahidṛuksilt s tezrart tahidrukarbunt

## Issaɣen n iɣisimen

## Imniren
Tasiɣit

**Tasiɣit** d awal yettuɣalen ar tefrer (ssehala) sgi itsiɣin (ceɛɛlen) iyufa akken ad tekker deg-sent tmess neɣ teṛɣi

## Amdya ɣef [[Amazzal|imazzalen]] yettsiɣin
* Tumast
* Itanul
* Asitun
* imerɣi n Dyazel
Inerɣi

**Iserɣa** neɣ **Inerɣi** d tanga yettwasxdmen i wsiɣi (i wecɛal) n waṭas n tɣawsiwin am tkeryas. Iserɣa deg-sent aṭas n wanawen (leṣnaf ) am: inerɣi amaɣzaw, inerɣi n wesɣaṛ, ireg, Afitṛul... Atg.

## Imniren
Amazzal

Addad Amazzal deg tasengama d takrura d yiwet gar 3 n waddaden deg tadinamikt tazɣalant yakk d addad agazay d tɣuri

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

* Aman
Tiwinas

**Tiwinas** neɣ **Asɣab** (isem usnan: *Syzygium aromaticum*) d talmest n yemɣan yeṭṭafaren tawacult Tamersint.
Azanzaw

**Azanzaw** (isem usnan: *Jasminum*) d tawsit n yemɣan dgi llan-t wazal n 200 n temdikin yeǧǧuǧugen yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tzemrant, Yettemɣay-d deg idgan dgi yella unezwu amnummes am wemda n yilel agrakal d uneẓẓul n asya.
Anezwu amnummes

**Anezwu amnummes** di tasnamurt d ijeṛdan n tehri iy teqqnen tama tabegsant ar tama tasafaylut, Deg tamiwin-a ileffu (iḍerru) wesmekles (ubeddel) d ameqran gar n tsemhuyt d tayeṭ

## inezwa ifurkanen
Llan 3 n inawen deg unezwu amnummsan:

* Anezwu agraklan
* Anezwu agarwan
* Anezwu amenẓaw

## Ideggan n unezwu amnummsan

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Bu yefzimen

## Tilmas

## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit: Plagius grandis
*Isem-is s tefransist: 
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: 
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Agusim weɣyul

**Agusim weɣyul** neɣ **Ameẓẓuɣ n uɣerda** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Plantago**) d yiwet n tewsit n yimɣan isaɣuren yeṭṭafaren tawacult n telmatin. Tawsit-a tegber seg wazal n 200 n telmas.

## [[Tasnettit]]

## Aglam

## Asesmel

## Umuɣ n telmas

## Asemres

## Urnan

## Imniren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Azaɣar

**Azaɣaṛ** deg tasnamurt d tajumma hrawen n tmurt yudren teflel-ines ur tugar ara 200m sufel n yilel, Azaɣar yettili yelha i wsenɣel ugar n udrar neɣ n ignan

## Tilmas n izaɣaren

*
Takamimt

**Takamimt** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Cuminum cyminum**) d imɣi yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tbecnixt.

## Aglam
Takamimt d imɣi igan d tuga. Addud-is (leɛli-ynes) yettawaṭ gar 30 ar 40 cm 

## Isalan imeččiyen

## Azal-is deg tdamsa

## Iseqdac

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Agusim imɣi

## Tilmas

## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit: Plantago major
*Isem-is s tefransist: Plantin majeur
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit:Lemṣaṣa
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Zzenṭar

## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit: Polygonum aviculare
*Isem-is s tefransist: Renouée des oiseaux
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: iẓeṛman n wefrux
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Ursu

**Ursel** neɣ **Uɣzen** neɣ **Aɣelɣal** d yiwen n uɣersiw asuṭad id yettgin tawacult n iɣersiwen imseksumen d irammaten. Imir-a, grant-d anagar n 8 n telmas n wursel mazal ddrent, ttidirent seg tzgelt ugafa ɣer Marikan ugafa alamma idurar n Anden d idurar n Himalaya. Dɣa aṭas n telmas n wursu negrent, gar-asent ursel n Waṭlas i yellan yettidir deg tẓegwa n Yidurar n Aṭlas.

## Tikelli d uglam
Ursel ila (yesɛa) ger n 32 d 42 n tuɣmas (s unect n tewsit i yeṭṭafar), maca tuɣmas-a ur ten-tt-issexdam ara i wakken ad inneɣ yisent tigemrawin-is am tserɣuda. Uglan n wursel d tid meẓẓiyen ɣef wuglan n temseksumin nniḍen, ɣef wanecta iten-tt-issexdam deg tuẓẓda d ucerreg n wučči ynes, neɣ i wakken ad yesten (ad iḥami) ɣef yiman-is mgal n yiɣersiwen neɣ n wureslen nniḍen. Akken iy ila (i yesɛa) 4 n yiḍaren, yal yiwen ittfakka s 5 n yikacbaren imesden, issexdam-iten i wakken ad yali ɣef yisekla neɣ i wakken ad yildi igedfen n iweṭfen d tzizwa.

## Tasensartut
* Tawacult n Panda tacafcalt:
** Tawsit n Aylurarktus
** Tawsit n Panda
*** Talmest n Bakoni (Yenger)

** Tawsit n Ursel
*** Talmest n Ursel amellal
*** Talmest n Ursel aberkan

## Taẓuni taraklant

## Imniren
Asismel n tesnudert

**Tasartut n tesnudert** neɣ **Asismel n tesnudert** d ayaw neɣ d angaz deg Tasensartut dgi yettwafk tsartut d usegrew n imuddiren
Tasartut neɣ asismel amaynu ttuɣalen iẓuran-is ar umusnaw n Swid Carl Von Linné i wesgerrez n wedsal n Charles Darwin deg uẓar amezday

## Tasartut

Deg tasnudert llan-t 8 n teggayin d tigejdanin: *1*: Taɣlut, *2*: Tagelda, *3*: astirf, *4*: Asmil, *5*: Tafesna, *6* tawacult, *7*: tawsit, *8*: Talmest
S akin, S tneflit n tussna rnan-t-d kra n tsurta tisnawanin: 
* Taɣlut

* Tagelda

* Adu-tgelda

* Adur

* Adu-wadur

* Ifelasmil

* Asmil 

* Adu-smil

* Aswag

* Afelfesna

* Tafesna

* Adu-tfesna

* Afeltwacult

* tawacult

* Adu-twacult

* Taɣreft

* Afeltewsit

* tawsit

* Adu-tewsit

* Ifeltelmest

* Talmest

* Adu-telmest
## Imniren
Iselsa

**iselsa** (Asuf: Aselsu) neɣ **iceṭṭiṭen** (asuf: Aceṭṭiṭ) d ayen yettmelsen af tfekka i wakken ad irr fell-as asemmiṭ d wezɣal.

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tabaggust
* Taranẓar
* Tarazal
Asemmiḍ

**Asemmiḍ** d addad n tudra n tseddarin n wezɣal akk d ufray (aḥulfu) n tdersi-ynes.

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Anezwu
* Azwu
* Abruri
* Adfel
* Ageffur
Akujil

**Akujil** (**[[Assaɣ ussnan]]**: *Otus scops*) d aylal yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tawukt tadettant deg tfesna n twukin.
Amermur

**Amermur** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Portulaca oleracea**) d talmest n yimɣan imseggasen yeṭṭafar tawsit n urɣilem deg twacult n tmermurin.

## Isemawen niḍen

## Aglam

## Ideggan n wemɣay

## Isexdamen i wučči

## Isexdamen n usuji

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

## Tiwelhiwin
Iferr n wudi

## Tilmas

## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit: Primula acaulis
*Isem-is s tefransist: Primevère commune
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: 
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Tizutar

**Tizutar** neɣ **Tiɣucafin** (isem ussnan: **Crocodilia**) d tafesna n temraradin i d-yekkren send n 85 n imelyan n iseggasen (Tallit tasisfayt). Tizutar d tafesna yudsen ɣer yigḍaḍ. Deg tzutar llan wazal n 23 n telmas ur nengir ara, 14 deg sent deg tawacult n iɣucaf d yiwet n Taligaturin ɣas akken llan-t waṭas n telmas iden inegren.

=Aglam=

## Amgarad gar n iɣucaf d Uligatur

## Asismel d tsartut
* Tizunɣucafin: Dges yiwet n telmest umi qqaren Aɣaryal

* Aɣucaf: dges 14 n telmas, Gar asent aɣucaf n Nnil

* Taligaturin: Degsent 8 n telmas
Tiqerɣenbubin

**Tiqerɣenbubin** (**[[Assaɣ ussnan]]**: *Rhynchocephalia*) d tafesna n temraradin anda llant snat Kan n telmas ttidirent deg tmurt n Nyuzilanda.
Timeskebrin

**Timeskebrin** (**[[Assaɣ ussnan]]**: *Squamata*) d tafesna n iɣersiwen yeṭṭafaren asmil n temraradin, Timeskebrin d nettat yakk i d tafesna dgi llan-t waṭas n telmas gar n wesmil n temraradin s wazal n 59% tiddirent deg yakk idgan n tegnit anagar Antraktika, Deg temskebrin llan-t snat n tegrawin: imiglen (*Ophidia*) d tzermemmuyin

## Tilmas

## Tasartut
Imiglen

**imiglen** (**[[Assaɣ ussnan]]**: *Ophidia*) d adu-telmest n temraradin yeṭṭafaren tafesna n tmeskebrin

## Tasartut
Asellif

**Asellif** neɣ **Tajjert** neɣ **Taddat** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Phellinus igniarius**) d ismawen i d-immalen yiwet n telmest n iberčečča yeṭṭafaren tawsit n ugersal n tsaft.

## Aglam

## Tasnazduɣt

## Tiwlafin

## Imniren

## Tiwelhiwin
Lbeṛquq n wuccen

## Tilmas

## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit: Prunus spinosa, Prunus insititia
*Isem-is s tefransist: Prunelier sauvage
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: Lberquq n wuccen, Lberquq n taɣaṭ
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Timsuṭad

**Timsuṭaṭ** (isem ussnan: *Mammalia*) d adu-wadur i d-ikkan seg wadur n tnaɣlalim. Adu-wadur-a iga d angazsartu n iɣersiwen inefrawen igensuzɣalen.
Deg useggas n 2006 ttwasnen-d azal n 5702 n telmas n temsiffatin, Ttwasgerwent deg: 1229 n tewsitin, 153 n twaculin d 29 n tfesna, Deg useggas n 2008 tessemdu (tkemmel) tuddsa n Tiddukla tagreɣlant i waray n tgama (IUCN) 17000 n tecrawin tusnatin n temseffatin n umadal n umuɣ-is azeggaɣ yessawṭen ar 5488 n telmas.

Timesiffatin yakk tarrwent s tarrawt anagar Tiynakkayin tismusin (tid yettarwen s tmellalin), Azal ameqran n temsiffatin tisdisin n tfesna (6 n tfesna) ṭṭafarent tagrawt n tinefra d tid: 
* Timseɣẓaẓ: (iɣerdayen, arruyen, imekdaden, ilfan n waman
* Tizeɣnennayin: (Azeɣnennay... )
* Timenteẓẓatin: (Amenteẓẓa, Aɣezkal ...).

Krad (3) n tfesna timeqranin yettwasxedmen deg Tasartut n tesnudert: 
* Tigejdanin: Dɣa d tayyi i yeṭṭafar uwsit afgan
* Tisenfednin
* Timseksumin: (imcac, izmawen, iɣilasen, idemriyen, ursuten ...)

## Imniren
Ifelfel n yeɣẓer

## Tilmas
*
## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit:  Bituminaria bituminosa
*Isem-is s tefransist: Astagale bitumineux, herbe au bitume
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: 
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Ifilku

## Tilmas

## Ismawen
*Isem-is s latinit: Pteridium aquilinum
*Isem-is s tefransist: Fougére aigle
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s teqbaylit: Taferca
*Ismawen-is nniḍen s tmaziɣt: 

## Isseqdac

## Tiwelhiwin
Tiddukla tagreɣlant i taggaẓt n tgama

**Tiddukla tagreɣlant i waray n tgama d teɣbula-ynes** d tuddsa tamezwarut n twennadṭ deg umadal id yennulfan deg wass n 5 Tuber 1948, Tasult-is tella deg temdint n Genève tla (tesɛa) azal n 200 n iduba, 1000 n tuddsiwin turdabutin d wazal n 10000 n imaɣzalen deg 160 n tmura, Tawuri-ynes (leqdic-is) ybedd af anagi usnan

## Amezruy

## Ẓer daɣen
*Umuɣ azeggaɣ n IUCN