Lukrisyus Karus

**Titus Lukrisyus Karus**, yettwassnen s yisem n Lukrisyus, d yiwen seg yifelsafen d yimedyazen irumaniyen meqqren akk n lqern amezwaru send n Talalit. Yettwassen s yiwen n udlis-is kan, "De rerum natura" (Ɣef Ugama n Tiɣawsiwin), i yessefra s talɣa tazurant i wakken ad issefhem tafalsafit n Epikur. **Iswi** ameqqran n Lukrisyus d anida-nni ad isellek amdan seg tuggdiwin timeqqranin (tuggdi n lmut d tuggdi n yiṛebbiten) s useqdec n wallaɣ **ameɣẓan** d tegzi n **ugama**.

## Tudert-is: Yiwen n Wadrugan
Llant drus n tilɣa iɣef yerzan tudert n Lukrisyus. Tudert-is d yiwen n **wadrug**  ameqqran i imusnawen n umezruy. Nessen-t kan s udlis-is ameqqran. Isem-is s latinit, *Titus Lucretius Carus*, yezga-d deg yidlisen n *Cicero* d *Saint Jérôme*.

Kra n teɣbula timasiḥiyin, am tid n Ugerram Jirum (i d-yuran acḥal n lqernat sdeffir-s), qqarent-d belli Lukrisyus yuɣal d amahbul yerna yenɣa iman-is. Maca, imir-a, amur ameqqran n yimnadiyen ɣilen belli annect-a d **tazniwt** kan i xedmen wid yebɣan ad ssersen azal n teflesafit-is, imi tidmi-s teqqar-d belli iṛebbiten ur d-ggrin ara iman-nsen deg **umeɣraḍ**.

## Adlis-is Ameqqran: ''De rerum natura''
*De rerum natura* (Ɣef Ugama n Tiɣawsiwin) d isefra s talɣa tafelsafit tuzribt, i yebḍa ɣef setta n yidlisen. Lukrisyus yerra-tt i umeddakel-is *Gaius Memmius*. Deg udlis-a, yessefham s wudem ussnan n wakud-nni amek i teddes ddunit.

* **Idlisen I d II:** Ssefhamen imenzayen iṛumaniyen n teflesafit tabelkimt (atomisme). Sseknen-d belli **ameɣraḍ** yemmug s sin n yeḥricen kan: **ibelkimen**  d **tallunt**. Ibelkimen-a d tiɣawsiwin timeẓyanin, ur nettwebḍa ara, i yettmenṭaren daymen deg **tallunt**.
* **Idlisen III d IV:** Kkaten-d ɣef **ugama** n **uziɣer** d yiman. Lucretius yeqqar-d belli ula d nutni d **angaw**, mmugen d ibelkimen imeẓyanen. Imi **aziɣer** d **angaw**  yerna yeddukkel d tfekka, ad yemmet yid-s. S wakka, yessefk ad nekkes tuggdi n lmut, imi "mi nella, lmut ulac-itt; mi tella lmut, nekni ulac-aɣ."
* **Idlisen V d VI:** Ssefhamen-d amek i d-lulen **umeɣraḍ**, ddunit, tudert, d yemdanen, war ma yella-d ukbac n yiṛebbiten. Ssefhamen daɣen **tumant**  tagamant  am lebṛaq, rreɛd, d waṭṭanen, s tmentilin timeɣẓanin.

## Tiẓriwin n Teflesafit-is
Tafalsafit n Lucretius d tafalsafit tabikurit i ɣef tebna. Assaɣen-is  d irumaniyen:

# **Tabelkimt d Tanga :** Am *Epikur*, Lucretius yumen belli kullec d **tanga**. Ulac ayen i d-yennulfan seg ulac s tezmert n yiṛebbiten. Amezruy n **umeɣraḍ** d amezruy n temlilit **tagacurant** n **yibelkimen**  i yettmenṭaren seg zik.
# **Azɣan n Tuggdi:**
#* **Tuggdi n Lmut:** Imi iman d ayen yettmettaten am tfekka, ur yessefk ara ad naggad ayen yellan sdeffir lmut, imi ulac kra.
#* **Tuggdi n Yiṛebbiten:** Lukrisyus ur yenkir ara belli llan yiṛebbiten. Yeqqar-d llan, maca ddren deg **tallunt** nnsen, deg talwit tameqqrant (ataraxie), ur d-ggan ara iman-nsen deg tilufa n yemdanen. D ayen yellan d azulal ad naggad tizemmar-nsen. Yeqqar-d belli d asɣan i d-yeglan s waṭas n tekriḍt  d cceṛ deg umezruy n yemdanen.
# **Iswi n Tudert** **d Tadfi :** Am lejdud-is ibikuriyen, Lucretius yeqqar-d belli iswi n tudert d tadfi. Maca tadfi-a mačči d zzhu n tfekka kan, d tadfi n uziɣer: d talwit n daxel, d tuffɣa n leḥzen d tuggdi, d wayen i wumi ssawalen "ataraxie". Abrid ɣer waya d tussna d tegzi n ugama.

## Tazrirt-is d Tuggint
Deg wussan n Ṛuma Tamezrayt, adlis n *De rerum natura* yesɛa kra n tazrirt , maca imi tidmi-s tella d taẓarant yerna tella mgal asɣan, ur tedda ara aṭas.

Mi d-tewweḍ Tallit  Talemmast, adlis-a yeffer, yuɣal d adrug. Armi d lqern wis 15, mi d-ufan yiwet n linsxa-s, i d-yuɣal ɣer tafat.

Seg yimir-nni, **tazrirt**  n Lucretius tuɣal d tameqqrant. Yesselmed aṭas n yimussnawen n Tallit n Taleslalit d yifelsafen n Tallit n Tafat . Tidmi n ubelkim d tmuɣli-s tangawit n tudert, uɣalent d azadur i tussna tatrart. Yesɛa tazrirt meqqren ɣef yimdanen am *Giordano Bruno, Galileo*, d wid i d-yewwin talsawt.