open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
12 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 12 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 43 n useggas. Llan 322 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 323 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
11 fuṛaṛ - *12 fuṛaṛ* - 13 fuṛaṛ

## Timettanin
* 1995: Amyaru Racid Mimuni yemmut yesɛa g lɛamr is 40 iseggawasen di Paris

## Imagraden iqqenen
13 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 13 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 44 n useggas. Llan 321 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 322 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
12 fuṛaṛ - *13 fuṛaṛ* - 14 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
14 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 14 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 45 n useggas. Llan 320 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 321 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
13 fuṛaṛ - *14 fuṛaṛ* - 15 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
15 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 15 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 46 n useggas. Llan 319 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 320 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
14 fuṛaṛ - *15 fuṛaṛ* - 16 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
16 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 16 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 47 n useggas. Llan 318 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 319 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
15 fuṛaṛ - *16 fuṛaṛ* - 17 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
17 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 17 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 48 n useggas. Llan 317 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 318 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
16 fuṛaṛ - *17 fuṛaṛ* - 18 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen

## Tilalliyin
* 1696: Ernst Gottlieb Baron
18 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 18 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 49 n useggas. Llan 316 wussan deffir- s ar taggara n useggas, wis 317 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
17 fuṛaṛ - *18 fuṛaṛ* - 19 fuṛaṛ

## Timettanin
### Timiḍi wis 21
* 2007 : 
** Dalil Umar, acennay aqbayli.
## Imagraden iqqenen
19 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 19 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 50 n useggas. Llan 315 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 316 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
18 fuṛaṛ - *19 fuṛaṛ* - 20 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
20 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 20 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 51 n useggas. Llan 314 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 315 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
19 fuṛaṛ - *20 fuṛaṛ* - 21 fuṛaṛ

## Tira d isadwalen
21 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 21 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 52 n useggas. Llan 313 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 314 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
20 fuṛaṛ - *21 fuṛaṛ* - 22 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
22 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 22 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 53 n useggas. Llan 312 wussan deffir-es ar taggara n useggas, wis 313 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
21 fuṛaṛ - *22 fuṛaṛ* - 23 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen

## Tilalliyin
* 1820: Frédéric Chopin
23 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 23 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 54 n useggas. Llan 311 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 312 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
22 fuṛaṛ - *23 fuṛaṛ* - 24 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
24 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 24 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 55 n useggas. Llan 310 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 311 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
23 fuṛaṛ - *24 fuṛaṛ* - 25 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
25 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 25 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 56 n useggas. Llan 309 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 310 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
24 fuṛaṛ - *25 fuṛaṛ* - 26 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
26 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 26 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 57 n useggas. Llan 308 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 309 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
25 fuṛaṛ - *26 fuṛaṛ* - 27 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
27 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 27 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 58 n useggas. Llan 307 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 308 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
26 fuṛaṛ - *27 fuṛaṛ* - 28 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
28 fuṛaṛ

Ass n 28 fuṛaṛ d ass wis 59 n useggas. Llan 306 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas, wis 307 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*.
27 fuṛaṛ - *28 fuṛaṛ* - 29 fuṛaṛ

## Imagraden iqqenen
29 fuṛaṛ

Ass n **29 fuṛaṛ** d ass amyermud igan d ass wis 60 deg taswast tagrigurt d taswasttayulyant deg waddas n useggas amanaẓ. Llan 306 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas.

Yella ass n 29 fuṛaṛ deg iseggasen n 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, 2016 s akin ad yili deg useggas 2020, dɣa deg useggas 2024 ... Atg

Ass n *29 fuṛaṛ* yettili yal kuẓ iseggasen

28 fuṛaṛ - *29 fuṛaṛ* - 1 meɣres

## Lmut
* 1744 - Yuḥenna Tifilis Deslogris, d afelsuf Tabriṭanit / Tafransist.
* 1908 - Yuḥenna Adrian Lewis Hope, d Lwali Amatu amezwaru n n Ustṛalya.
* 1928 - Adolf Appia, d amseḍru d umseḍru n umezgun Taswis.
* 1944 - Per Evind Svenhovd, Aselway wis kraḍ n Finland.
* 1980 - Yigal Allon, isṛayili asertan.
1996 -
** Xaled Muḥemmed Xaled, amaru d uxemmem Maṣery.
** Shams Pahlavi, Tagellidt Iṛan.
* 2024 - Lujayna Al-Aseel, d tamarayt, d tameskart, d tanaẓurt n tmuɣli tasuryant.

## Tidyanin
* 1288 - Yeffegh-d yiwen n usaḍuf di Skutlanda ay d-yeqqaren ad yettwaɛaqeb yiwen n wergaz ma yella tameṭṭut tessuter-as afus-nnes yerna tugi asuter-nnes.
* 1504 - Christophe Columbus yesseqdac tamusni n yigenni ed tmussni-nnes ɣef Imarikaniyen Inselmen akken ad as-d-fken ttawilat n tɣawsiwin . .
* 1948 - Iṣ̣ehyuniyen sqedcen lbumbat ɣef yiwen n tmacint tamaṣrit deg webrid-nnes seg Lqahira ɣer Ḥayfa, dɣa d aya ay yessawḍen ɣer tmettant n wugar n 35 n yiserdasen Tabriṭanit.
* 1956 - Pakistan Ugar n tẓa n yiseggasen seg wasmi ay d-tewwi azarug-nnes (indépendance), tessuffeɣ-d lexbar n usbedd n “Tegduda Taslemt n Pakistan.”
* 1960 - [Tessenqes-d yiwet n tzenzelt tamdint n Agadir deg Lmerruk], s tezmert n 5,9 n tfesniwin deg teskala n [Burton-Richter|Richter, ɣef tis 23:15 Teḍḍef-d tzenzelt-a. 15 n tesdidin, nɣan kraḍ n yimezdaɣen Kraḍ niḍen ttwaɛezlen, imi imezdaɣen deg tallit-nni llan 45.000 n yimdanen.
1988 -
** Imḍebbren Tafriqt n Wenẓul ṭṭfen amḥaddi n talwit, Bishop Desmond Tutu ed meyya n medden niḍen deg tmesbaniyin mgal unagraw (système) n apartheid mgal yiberkanen ay d-yesbedd Tafriqt n Wenẓul.
** Yiwen n umusnaw Abriṭani yesnulfa-d tamacint n tira taliktrunant tamezwarut deg umaḍal ay yettarun s Braille i yiderɣalen akken ad tt-ɣren.
* 2008 - Taselwit n Lɛiraq teqbel aɛaqeb Ali Hassan al-Majid umi semman “Ali Akimi,” deffir ma teḥkem fell-as s ccṛeɛ n [tmenɣiwin n ṭṭrad] ].
* [2020 - Amaru Alubnani Amin Maalouf, yettunefk-as Assaɣ Aɣelnaw n Tmussni n Fṛansa s uswir n ufesyan ameqqran, deg usnemmer n tmuɣliwin-is d wayen i d-yewwi deg umaḍal n tsekla.

## Deg tẓuri d yidles

## Tilalleyyin

## Asfugel

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Agni n Yeɣran

**Agni n Yeɣran** (Abdar: *Agʷni Ggeɣran*) d taɣiwant n Tmurt Taqbaylit tezga-d deg ugezdu n Tizi Wezzu di Tmurt Taqbaylit.

### Asideg (timella)
Taɣiwant n Agwni Ggeɣran tella deg unẓul n twilayt n Tizi Uzzu.

### Tudrin n Taɣiwant
Taɣiwant n Agwni Ggeɣran tesɛa 14 tudrin :

* Agni n Yeɣran
* At Ɛmer
* At Aɛmara
* At Ɛli U Qasi
* At Lqayed
* At Yiɣil
* At Sliman
* Iɛzunen
* Tafsa n Wumad
* Tagemmunt
* Tawrirt
* Tazeqqa
* Tiɣeẓẓa
* Tigri

## Tadamsa
Taɣiwant tesɛa taneɣraft tameqrant n tilebbiḍin n waman. Agraw Cevital yeldi aqbrib taɣbalut agi zdat taddart n Agwni Ggeɣran taneɣraft n 23 000 m² id ttaken 2,5 imelyunen n tilebbiḍin deg wass n ticreḍt de la marque Lalla Xediǧa (ticreḍt).

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tadayṛa n Iwaḍiyen
* Tiɣiwanin n Tadayṛa n Iwaḍiyen
* Tawilayt n Tizi Uzzu
* Tidayṛiwin n twilayt n Tizi Uzzu
* Tiɣiwanin n twilayt n Tizi Uzzu

## Tira d timselɣa
Icerriḍen

**Icerriḍen** d yiwet taddart taqburt i-d yezgan deg tɣiwant n At Aggwaca deg Tmurt n Iqbayliyen. 

Ay dagi i yeḍran Imenɣi n Yicerriḍen mgal igen arumi deg wass wis24 n Yunyu 1857.
Kamal Ɛawis

**Kamal Ɛawis** (ilul deg 18 mayyu 1952 deg temdint n Ldzayer - yemmut deg 8 yennayer 2010 deg Umafag n Orly di Fransa), d amarir n tkurt n uḍar adzayri. Yurar deg teɣlamt n Yilemẓiyen Inaddalen n Leqbayel gar 1972 ed 1973.
Racid Dali

**Racid Dali** (ilul deg 30 Dujember 1953), d amarir adzayri n tkurt n uḍar. Yurar d amenṭag (attaquant) deg teɣlamt n Yilemẓiyen Inaddalen n Leqbayel (gar 1972 ed 1973).
Muḥemmed Yuc

**Muḥemmed Yuc** (ilul deg 3 Meɣres 1947 deg Ɛin Benyan, tawilayt n Ldzayer), d amarir adzayri n tkurt n uḍar. Yurar deg teɣlamt n Yilemẓiyen Inaddalen n Leqbayel (deg 1972-1973).
Ɛumar Zeɣdud

**Ɛumar Zeɣdud** (ilul deg 14 Yebrir 1952 deg twilayt n Tizi Wezzu), d amarir azzayri n tkurt n uḍar, yurar d alemmas deg teɣlamt n Yilemẓiyen Inaddalen n Leqbayel gar 1971 d 1973.
Ɛumar Belḥusin

**Ɛumar Belḥusin** yella d aselway n teɣlamt n Yilemẓiyen Inaddalen n Leqbayel deg tsemhuyt n 1972-1973.
Rabeḥ Mengelti

**Rabeḥ Mengelti** (ilul deg 28 Wamber 1951 deg twilayt n Tizi Wezzu), d amarir n tkurt n uḍar adzayri. Yurar d amḥaddi deg Yilemẓiyen Inaddalen n Leqbayel gar 1971 d 1973.
Suq n Letniyen

* **[[Suq n Letniyen (Bgayet)|Suq n Letniyen]]** d taɣiwant taqbaylit n twilayt n Bgayet,
* **[[Suq n Letniyen (Tizi Wezzu)|Suq n Letniyen]]** d taɣiwant taqbaylit n twilayt n Tizi Wezzu,
Tadayṛa

**Tadayṛa**  (s taɛrabt : دائرة = taẓayert ; asget *dawaa'ir*) d adutaẓunt n twilayt deg tadbelt tansakalant.

## Lezzayer
Tadayṛa tssegrew aṭas n tɣiwanin. Tettaked ipaspuṛen igraɣlanen, issirgen n unheṛ d tikarḍiwin tiɣelnawin n tmagit i iɣermanen izedɣen ɣef akal is, daɣen aswaḍ n imuhal yettwexedmen sɣur imeẓla ideblanen am tɣiwanin, imeẓla itekniyen, etc.

## Ẓer daɣen
*Tidayṛiwin n Lezzayer
Muḥemmed Weld Ɛebdelɛaziz

**Muḥemmed Weld Ɛebdelɛaziz** d ajiniṛal yerna d aselway n Muriṭanya seg 2009. Ilul 20 Dujembeṛ 1956 deg temdint n Akjujt.
Tidayṛiwin n twilayt n Tizi Wezzu

Tawilayt n Tizi Wezzu di Tamurt Taqbaylit ɣer-s snat n tmerwin d yiwet  tidayṛiwin, yal yiwet ɣer-s aṭas n tiɣiwanin, i uɣrud n sḍiset n tmerwin d sat n tiɣiwanin.

## Tidayṛiwin n twilayt n Tizi Wezzu

Tafelwit ddaw agi tettaked umuɣ n tidayṛiwin n twilayt n Tizi Wezzu akked tiɣiwanin ines.

## Ẓer daɣen

### Imagraden yeqqnen
*Tawilayt n Tizi Uzzu
*Tiɣiwanin n twilayt n Tizi Uzzu

### Izdayen uffiɣen
* http://www.tiziouzou-dz.com/decoupage-administratif.htm
Ijqiwen

**Ijqiwen** (Asuf: **Ajqiw**), (isem usnan: **Passerifores**) d yiwet n tfesna tameqrant s waṭas n yigḍaḍ deg wanda azgen n telmas ttwaqqnent ɣures, s wazal n 5400 n telmas.

## Tasartut d usismel

* Adu-tfesna n tegṭaṭ

* Adu-tfesna n igṭaṭn ugellid

* Adu-tfesna n tizemmalin

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Taycukt
Tawilayt n Bgayet

**Tawilayt n Bgayet** (s tefṛansist: Wilaya de Béjaïa), d tawilayt n ugafa-agmuḍan n Lezzayer, tezga-d deg temnaḍt n Tmurt n Leqbayel. Tajumma-ines tesɛa 3268 km² (n yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt azal n 1 002 050 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-is d tamdint n Bgayet. Tebḍa ɣef 19 n tdayriwin akked 52 n tɣiwanin.
* Tadayra n Udekkar
* Tadayra n Weqbu
* Tadayra n Umiẓur
* Tadayra n Uweqqas
* Tadayra n Yiberbacen
* Tadayra n Bgayet
* Tadayra n Wat Maεuc
* Tadayra n Cemmini
* Tadayra n Yiderginen
* Tadayra n Leqṣer
* Tadayra n Wuzellagen
* Tadayra n Yiɣil Ɛli
* Tadayra n Xerraṭa
* Tadayra n Ṣedduq
* Tadayra n Sidi Ɛic
* Tadayra n Suq n Letniyen
* Tadayra n Tezmalt
* Tadayra n Ticci
* Tadayra n Timeẓrit

## Timselɣa
Tawilayt n Ǧiǧel

**Tawilayt n Ǧiǧel** d tanebḍit n ugafa-agmuḍan (nord-est) n Lezzayer. Tajumma-nnes 2.577 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 659.301 n yimezdaɣen (Ijijliyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d tamdint n Ǧiǧel.  Tawilayt-a tebḍa ɣef 11 n tdayriwin:

## Timselɣa


## Zeṛ daɣen
Ḥmiduc

**Ḥmiduc**, neɣ s yisem-is aḥeqqani Ḥmed Xeddim (Ahmed Khedim), d acennay n teqbaylit yerna d amedyaz. Ilul ass n, 14 ɣuct 1956, deg Ugni n Waklan deg taddart n Ɛeṭṭuc, taɣiwant n Makuda, deg lwilaya n Tizi Uzzu, deg tmurt n Leqbayel. 

Ilul-d deg yiwet n twacult talemmast kan, yella diɣ d ababat n 04 n warraw-is. D ilemẓi n 45 n yiseggasen kan d leɛmer, asmi medlent wallen-is, tcelqef-it lmut, yeǧǧa ddunit ur tt-yeṛwi, yezger ɣer laxert.

S ṣṣut-is ḥninen, yeččuren d sser d wawal iweznen i yezdeɣ ulawen n medden. D acennay n tayri zeddigen d wuguren n tmetti taqbaylit. 

Yemmut ass n, 05 yunyu 2002, deg temdint n Marseille n tmurt n Fransa, di leɛmer-is ala 45 n yiseggasen. Ma d ssebba n tmettant-is d aṭṭan n tgeẓẓal, i t-yeṭṭfen acḥal d lweqt. Ass n 11 yunyu 2002, wwin-d lǧessa-s s axxam-is yellan deg taddart n Taksebt, wallan-t medden i tikkelt taneggarut. Aṭas n yinaẓuren imeqqranen i iḥedren tamḍelt-is, yecban : Lewnis At Mengellat, Baɛziz, Amar U Rabaḥ, Buǧemɛa Agraw…at. Yettwamḍel deg taddart-is tanaṣlit Agni n Waklan.

## Abruy seg umecwar-is di ccna
Deg useggas n 1964 i yecna i tikkelt tamezwarut ɣef usayes akked ucennay Racid Meṣbaḥi, dɣa yefka-as afud meqqren akken ad yecnu. Tizlit akk tamezwarut yecna d asefru-nni « A Wiza semmeḥ-as » i yura s timmad-is. Syin akkin yebda asekles n yiḍebsiyen armi yeṣṣaweḍ 11 n yiḍebsiyen. Amezwaru yecna-t deg useggas n 1980, ma d sin ineggura yessuffeɣ-iten-id deg useggas n 1993. Yesɛa yiwet n ṣṣut dayen kan, d win n waqqur. Ulac ilemẓi neɣ tilemẓit ur yesuzen ara, ḥemmlent akk yilmeẓyen. Yecna gar 1978 armi d asmi yuḍen di 2001. Deg useggas n Tefsut n yimaziɣen (1980), yessuffeɣ-d tasfift-is tamenzut i wumi isemma « Kret ay ayetma ! », ideg llant 09 n tezlatin. Gar-asent : A Wiza semmeḥ-as, Kkert ay aytma ! Seṭṭac di leɛmer-is, Lbumba, Nadya ruḥ…atg. Syin akkin, seg useggas n 1980 armi d 1986, yessuffuɣ-d tasfift di yal aseggas. Ffɣent-d akka myezwarent ; Inna-as inna-a 1981, Lemḥiba-w temmut 1982, Kker a gma ad nruḥ 1983, Sidi Lmir 1984, Lezzayer-Tunes 1985, Targit 1986. Tin ɣur-s, yeqqim armi d 1988, i wakken i d-yerna tasfift-agi Ayayay, syin yerna 3 n yiseggasen d wakken i d-yessufeɣ album wis 09, i wumi isemma « Le parti ». Sin n yiseggasen mbeɛd, di 1993 ikemmel-d sin-is iḍebsiyen ineggura ɣef tikkelt, wigi d « Azzayri » akked « Tafat ». Syin akkin, seg useggas n 1993 armi i d-tewweḍ Tefsut taberkant deg aseggas n 2001, ikemmel kan yecna deg tmeɣriwin, maca ur d-yessuffeɣ ara.

## Iḍebsiyen
Taserẓut uzumba

**Taserẓut uzumba** neɣ **Aṭeggal azegzaw** (**[[Assaɣ ussnan]]**: *Sitta ledanti*) d talmest n igṭaṭ yeṭṭafaren tfesna n ijqiwen deg twacult n tmeserẓatin yakk d tewsit n temserẓa, Učči-ynes yezzi af iɣlifdaren deg unebdu yakk d yifsan deg tegrest. Tasemhuyt n usegdef n telmest-a tettili-d gar mayu d yunyu. Ibennu agdef-is ɣef wuruzen n isekla , deg yal tikkelt n usegdef tawtemt tessrusay gar n Kṛad ar kuẓ (3- 4) n tmellalin. 

Taserẓut uzumba d talmest tamyiwent n yigṭaṭ  amuɣel n Tmurt Taqbaylit, anda ur tesegdud kan (tura) kra n tiẓegwa n taydiwin n ugafa n tmurt. Isem-is ussnan yettak aslulli (tajmilt) i Jean-Paul Ledant amussanw amaswaḍ abiljik i d-yesnarmen talmest-a deg wayyur tuber 1975, aglam n ufrux yetwexdem sɣur amesnaylal Afrensaw Jacques Vielliard. Isali n tagrut agi yessewhem aṭas amadal n tasnaylaly daɣen isali agi yexdem tuzzya n umaḍal. Taserzut uzumba tella tudes (teqreb) ar Sitta n Krüper (*Sitta krueperi*). yegra-yas yiwen kan azwu n uzuzer (i ufrurex d tudert), yettwaggezen sɣur times, arad d tigawt talsant ; talmest tettwali dɣa am « deg umihi » sɣur Tadukli tagraɣlant i tagaẓt n ugama.

## Tira d timselɣa
Talmest

**Talmest** (Asget: Tilmas), (s Tlatinit: *species*) di tesnudert d yiwet n tigget n usesmel asnudran agejdan, akken i tga d adras amessarti agejdan deg tsensartut. Talmest tettwassen d akken-it d tagrawt n imuddiren izemren ad myarawen w ad nerrnin gugar-asen w ad farsen tarwa. Ɣas akken tabadut-ayi ur d-tkeffu ara deg waṭas n waddaden, maca yella wemray (ṣṣeɛuba) deg tbadut n yirem n telmest. Dɣa annect-a yettwassen s wugur n talmest, acku deg waṭas n wakuden ttwasxedmen wawalen niḍen am tsensileɣt d wullun areygaman.

Tilin n tufutin timsezgiyin timazzagin i kra n twennaṭ yettawi ar ugzam n telmest ar "temsurta s ddaw n uswir n telmest" am adu-telmest (neɣ timsurta n iden yettusxedmen deg tesnimɣan am irzi d talɣa tusligt).  

Tilmas yeṭṭafaren yiwen n uẓar ttusisemlen-t deg yiwet n tewsit anect-a yettili-d s uguni ɣef umcabi gar-asen.

Tilin n usenmel amellil i yirem n telmest d wayen yellan s ddaw-as d ayen yellan d imsefki i wefran n telmas d tussna-nsent i wsersi n turdiwin tisnudranin yakk d wakat n tuggtudert (biodiversity).

## Asenmel allil n [[asnudran|isnudranen]]

## Amezruy n tsartut

## [[Ugur n telmest]]

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Assaɣ ussnan
* Asmil
Ixef n Usuf

**Ixef n Usuf** (s teqbaylit : *Ixf n wasif*) d yiwet tala n waman isemmaḍen i-d yezgan di tɣiwant n Mɛafa deg twilayt n Batent (Batna). Mecɛuret s waṭas, llan medden si Sṭif ed Tbeskert i yezzuren fell-as deg unebdu.
Bazer Saxra

**Bazer Saxra** d taɣiwant n twilayt n Sṭif deg tdayra n Lɛelma, ɣur-s 27 996 imezdaɣ deg useggwas n 2008.
At Buḥini

**At Buḥini** d taddart taqbaylit deg tɣiwant n Yiɛekkuren deg twilayt n Tizi Wezzu. D nettat ay meqqer akk deg tɣiwant s tjumma-s. 

## Asideg

## Amzeruy

Deg At Buḥini ay ilul Arezqi U Lbacir deg useggwas n 1857, yennaɣ mgal inekcamen irumiyen deg lawan-agi.
Ǧimla

**Ǧimla** d yiwet taɣiwant taqbaylit n twilayt n Jijel, i-d yezgan ar 45 km si tɣiwant n Ǧiǧel, tesɛa 17,373 imezdaɣ deg useggwas n 2008. 

## Tudrin

*Ɛemara
*Anefci
*Ben Dawed
*Fdulas
*Gellali
*Igelmamen
*Leɛyun
*Amerǧ Ɛebdella 
*Nnaḍur
*At Ɛisa
*At Leḥsen
*Ras Ezzan
Aswir amsaylal agraɣlan

**Iswiren isnifrax igraɣlanen** llan d timyagrin gar imesnifrax tiqburin akkw d tigraɣlanin ugaren tiyaḍ nniḍen. Ttwassuddsen sɣur Aseqqamu asnafrux agraɣlan, tagrawt tesɛa azal n 200 imesnifrax. Aswir amezwaru yettwassuddes deg useggwas 1884. Arma 1926, assides nsen yella d arlugan armi ɛzemen ad ssuddesen yal kuẓ iseggwasen (tasureft deg tallit n Umgaru amaḍlan wis sin).

## Umuɣ n iswiren
* 1884 : Vin (Tutrict-Majaṛ)
* 1891 : Budapest (Tutrict-Majaṛ)
* 1900 : Paris (Fransa)
* 1905 : London (Tagelda Yeddukklen)
* 1910 : Berlin (Lalman)
* 1926 : Kopenhagen (Danmaṛk)
* 1930 : Amsterdam (Timura n Wadda)
* 1934 : Oksford (Tagelda Yeddukklen)
* 1938 : Rouen (Fransa)
* 1950 : Uppsala (Sswid)
* 1954 : Bâle (Sswis)
* 1958 : Helsinki (Finland)
* 1962 : Ithaca (Iwunak Yeddukklen)
* 1966 : Oksford (Tagelda Yeddukklen)
* 1970 : Den Haag (Timura n Wadda)
* 1974 : Canberra (Ustṛalya)
* 1978 : Berlin (Lalman n Umalu)
* 1982 : Musku (Tadukli Tasuvyatit)
* 1986 : Ottawa (Kanada)
* 1990 : Christchurch (Ziland Tamaynut)
* 1994 : Vin (Tutrict)
* 1998 : Durban (Tafriqt n Wenẓul)
* 2002 : Pekin (Ccinwa)
* 2006 : Hamburg (Lalman)
* 2010 : Campos do Jordão (Brazil)
* *[[2014]] : [[Tokyo]] ([[Japun]]) (mazal ad yass)*

Imir (2014) COI yessumer aseggi s lqem 4.2 :
* 
* 
* 

## Izdayen uffiɣen

* Asmel unṣib n Uswir asnafrux agraɣlan 
* www.worldbirdnames.org - Umuɣ n twaculin n IOC 
* www.worldbirdnames.org - Umuɣ agettutlayt n isemawen n ifrax n IOC
Tiɣiwanin n twilayt n Jijel

Tawilayt n Jijel deg Dzayer tesɛa 28 tiɣiwanin. 

## Tiɣiwanin n twilayt n Jijel

Tafelwit agi, tettaked umuɣ n tiɣiwanin n twilayt n Jijel, tettaked i yal taɣiwant : angal ONS ines, isem is, amezdaɣ ines d tajumma-s.

## Tiɣbula d timselɣa


## Zeṛ daɣen
### Imagraden iqqenen
* Tidayrayin n twilayt n Jijel
* Tawilayt n Jijel
Iṣuḥan

**Iṣuḥan** d yiwet taɣiwant n twilayt n Leblida deg tdayra n Larebɛa N At Musa. Ɣur-es azal n 260 imezdaɣ deg 2008. Tḥudd ar tiwilayin n Tubiret ed tin n Lemdeyyet yerna tezga-d di wul n Waṭlas Ablidi.
Tagelda (tasnudert)

**Tagelda** (S Tlatinit « *regnum* ») deg tamessartut, d aswir wis sin deg udras amessarti, tezgad s ddaw n taɣult. Tigeldiwin ttugezmen-t ɣer tegrawin meẓẓiyen yettwasemman adur.

## Asenmel d irmawen yeqqnen ɣures
Ass mi i d-yefka umusnaw Carl Von Linné ismawen ibedden ɣef iswiren deg tesnudert, yefka aswir amenzu yakk i «tgelda», ṭṭafarent-id kuẓ (4) n yiswiren igejdanen: Asmil, Tafesna, Tawsit, Talmest. Sin akin s kra n wakud, ttuskecmen-d sin n yiswiren igejdanen niden, s wakken ad tili tezrart: Tagelda ɣer Ustirf ɣer Usmil ɣer Tfesna ɣer Twacult ɣer Tewsit ɣer Telmest. Ma yella deg iseggasen n 60 n tsut tis 20, rnan-d aswir sufell n Tgelda igan d taɣult, s wakka Tagelda ur tuɣal ara deg yixef n uswir n unagraw-a.

## Tira d timselɣa

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Adur (tasnudert)

Deg tesnudert, **Adur** d yiwen n wedras amessarti deg usesmel asnudran i d-izgan s ddaw n tgelda yakk d nnig n wesmil. Asesmel deg wadur ur yegguni ara ɣef wudem n tfekka tuffiɣt, maca d win yeggunin ɣef wudem n tfekka tagensut n umuddir, ma deg tasnimɣant yettusexdem yirem n **wegzam** deg wadeg n wadur s talɣa tanasayt, ɣas akken deg umedru agreɣlan i yimɣan i d-illan deg useggas n 1993 yettwaddeg (yettwaqbel) deg-s yirem n wadur Tafelda taɣersawt d tin igebren seg wazal n 35 n yidurra, ma d Tagelda tamɣawt d tin igebren seg wazal n 12 n yidurra. Llan sin n yidrasen imessartiyen i d-ittekken seg wada-dur gan d:
* Ad-adur.
* Asmil.

## Asenmel/abadu d yimedyaten

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

## Imniren
Buɛendas

**Buɛendas** d tamdint taqbaylit n twilayt n Sṭif. Deg useggas n 2008, ɣur-s azal n 15,600 imezdaɣ yerna d adeg-aɣella (chef-lieu) n tdayra n Buɛendas deg ugafa n twilayt n Sṭif. 

## Asideg

## Tudrin

*Aḥemmam 
*Buyaman
*Criḥa 
*Ineftaḥen
*Iɣil Izegaγen
Draɛ Qabila

**Drɛ Qabila** d taɣiwant taqbaylit deg ugafa n twilayt n Sṭif. Tezga-d deg tdayra n Walma Waklan, tesɛa deg 2008 azal n 14,492 imezdaɣ. Yerna adeg-aɣella-ines (chef-lieu) yezga-d deg taddart n At Aɛli U Ɛetman.

## Tarakalt
### Asideg
Draa Kebila tezga-d ar 70 km si temdint n Sṭif, deg ugafa (au nord) n twilayt deg idurar leqbayel. 

### Tudrin

Draa Kebila tesɛa 17 tudrin ay deg ad naf : 

*At Aɛli U Ɛetman(adeg-aɣella n tɣiwant)  : 2,508 imezdaɣen.
*Lemruǧ : 2,718 imedaɣen.
*Tazeggart : 2,360 imezdaɣen.
*Tizi Waɣlad : 1,176 imezdaɣen.
*At Qebila (Lavḥayer) : 969 imezdaɣen.
*Krima : 689 imezdaɣen.

Tudrin timezyanin :

*Buzlaṭen : 558 imezdaɣen. 
*Izavacen : 520 imezdaɣen.
*Taqliɛt : 546 imezdaɣen.
*Agmert : 536 imezdaɣen
*Ixenicen: 198 imezdaɣen
*Iǧǧisen : 423 imezdaɣen
*Tawrirt : 129 imezdaɣen
*At Saɛidi : 338 imezdaɣen
Ibetrunen

**Ibetrunen** d yiwen n lɛarc i-d yezgan ar 1km ar unẓul n temdint n Tizi Wezzu deg tɣiwant-nni. 
Si Tizi, ad naf s tazwara taddart n wassif  u s taggara s taddart n imezdhathen / Mezdatta i tettḥudd af tɣiwant n Imaɛtuqen.

## Tarakalt

### Asideg

### Tuddar

Llan aṭas di laɛrc n Iqemmuden : 
*Ɛin Mezyab (Lejnan)
*Asif
*Agergur
*Taddart Ufella
*Tasaḍurt
*Tuḍeft  
*At Mezyan  
*Lemca
*Tiselnin
*Iɣil Ubarwaq
*Tiγilt n Ḥemza
*Iɛeciwen 
*Iɣil Ixerban
*Iqemuden
*Taɛarqubt (Imiḍqawen) 
*Tagrarajt
*Imezdaten
*Birɛemran neɣ Biɛemran
*AKWIR
*Tiɣilt n Traḥi
*Burus 
*Hruka

### Tisafin

*Iɣzer n Muddis
*Iɣzer Ufali neɣ Iɣzer Fali (Wad Fali)
Lerbeɛṭac

**Lerbeɛṭac**  (tafrensist : *Larbatache*) d yiwet taɣiwant n twilayt n Bumerdas i tebɛed si 35 km n Dzayer Tamanaɣt di wegmuḍ yerna teggug ar 25 km si temdint n Bumerdas. 

## Tarakalt

### Asideg (timella)

## Idewwaren ed Tuddar

*Lerbeɛṭac Alemmas
*Lkudeyya Lkeḥla
*Lekḥaḥeleyya (*Aklan*)
*Lkeḥla 
*At Meɛemmar (Wlad Mɛemmar)
*Rezazegyya (At Rzag)
*Hzazta (Ihezzaten)
*Lɛecc
*Mḥemmdeyya (At Mḥemmed)
*At Lwai (Wlad Lwali)
*Seɛdeyya (At Ssaɛid)
*Wlad Belḥaǧ (Ibelḥaǧen)
*Damsa
*Tala Umalu
*Ɛebennur
Asmil (tasnudert)

Deg tesnudert, **Asmil** d yiwen n wedras amessarti deg tsensartut. Adras-ayi yezga-d s ddaw n wadur, yakk d nnig n tfesna. Yegber seg sin n yidrasen ifurkanen:
* Afel-smil.
* Adu-smil neɣ **Almes** deg kra n tsanayin.

Dɣa irem n (*Class*) deg usesmel asnudran d win yettunefken daɣen i tigget tasertut (*[[tamsartut]]*) deg wesmil-nni, anda tamsartut tga d tigget tasuddsant deg tsensartut.

Imazzagen n tsensartut d wid i d-ittakzen isegra d igburen n yal asmil. Dɣa deg waṭas n tikkal ur yettili ara umtawa yeddukklen, anda imazzagen yemgaraden ttawin turdiwin (leṛyuy) yemgaraden, acku ulac ilugan ufrinen ara ad yeǧǧen yal amazzag ad ten-yeḍfer deg tukza n wesmil. Cwi kan yettili-d umtawa deg wayen yezzin ɣef yiɣersiwen yettwassnen, anda i d-ittili umtawa deg turdiwin.

## Amsedfer azmugan n yismilen
### Amedya seg tgelda taɣersawt

### Amedya seg tgelda tamɣawt

## Isekkilen ineggura i d-yettakzen asmil deg Tlatint
Ismawen n yismilen yettfakka s usdfer **-opsida** ɣer Tuga, **-phyceae** ɣer adalen dɣa **-mycetes** ɣer igersalen.
I tgelda n uɣersiw, idfiren s ersen kan ddaw asertatu n afel-tawacult (ICZN amagrad 27.2).

Imedyaten :
* aɣersiw : *[[Afrux|Aves]]* (Igṭaṭ), *[[Timsuṭad|Mammalia]]* (Timsuṭad), *[[Timraradin|Reptilia]]* (Timraradin), *[[Tizenzercafin|Actinopterygii]]* (Tizenzercafin)
* amɣaw : *[[Liliopsida]]* (monocotylédones), *[[Tasnayyawin|Magnoliopsida]]* (Tasnayyawin)
* agersal : *[[Myxomycetes]]* (myxomycètes), *[[Acrasiomycetes]]* (acrasiomycètes)
* adalen : *[[Chlorophyceae]]* (chlorophycées)

## Isertuta nniḍen n tamessartut

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Tafesna (tasnudert)

Deg tasnudert, **Tafesna** d aswir wis kiẓ deg tsartut n tesnudert. Yal tafesna n imuddiren tegzem ɣer waṭas n twaculin iy gezmen s iman-is ɣer yismilen.
Deg usismel asnudran, tafesna tettusexdem deg usismel n yimuddiren, sin akin tettili-d tukza-nsen s yizumal n usemmi. Deg kra n tikwal, tettili-d tmerniwt n tfesna tafellayt tusridt (*[[Afelfesna]]*) nnig n tfesna tamzwarut. Akken daɣen i d-tettili tmerniwt n tfesna taddayt (*[[Tader-fesna]]*) srid. Tafesna tezmert ad tili d tagrawt n  tiwaculin yefkan assaɣ gar-asent.

## Idrasen imessartiyen niden

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Tawacult (tasnudert)

Di tesnudert, **tawacult** d tasartut issegrawen tiwsitin i d-immalen irwasen (imcabiyen) imeqranen gar-asent. Tawacult tga d aswir wis smus (wis 5) deg usesmel n Linné.

## Ifukkuyen ilatinen i d-immalen idrasen
Deg wayen yezzin ɣef ifukkuyen ilatinen i d-immalen idrasen, udmawen n twaculin ttfakkan s udfir -**aceae**- (s *āceae*, i wesget unti s Tlatint -āceus « tirewsi ») ɣer yimɣan, adalen d iberčečča yakk d **idae** ɣer iɣersiwen.

## Idrasen imessartiyen n iden

* Amenkud, Afuɣal, Taɣult (*Superregnum, Imperium, Dominium*)
* **[[Tagelda (tasnudert)|Tagelda]]** (**Regnum**) 
* Adu-tgelda (*Subregnum*) 
* Afurk (*Ramus*, « *branch* » s Teglizit)
* Azdar-tgelda (*Infraregnum*)
** Afel-adur, Afel-agzam (*Superphylum, Superdivisio*) 
** Adu-wadur, Adu-gzam (*Subphylum, Subdivisio*)
** Azdar-adur (*Infraphylum*) 
*** *[[Ifelasmil]]* (*Classis*)
*** **[[Asmil (tasnudert)|Asmil]]** (**Classis**)
*** Adu-smil (*Subclassis*) 
*** Azdar-smil (*Infraclassis*) 
**** Afelfesna (*Superordo*) 
**** **[[Tafesna (tasnudert)|Tafesna]]** (**Ordo**) 
**** Adu-tfesna (*Subordo*) 
**** Azdar-tfesna (*Infraordo*) 
**** Imzik-tfesna (*Microordo*)
***** Afeltwacult (*Superfamilia*)
***** **[[Tawacult (tasnudert)|Tawacult]]** (**Familia**)
***** Adu-twacult (*Subfamilia*)
***** Taɣreft (*Tribus*) 
***** Adu-teɣreft (*Subtribus*)
****** **[[Tawsit (tudersent)|Tawsit]]** (**Genus**) 
****** Adu-tewsit (*Subgenus':) 
****** [[Tigezmi (tasnudert)|Tigezmi]] (*Sectio*)
****** [[Adu-tgezmi (tasnudert)|Adu-tgezmi]] (*Subsectio*)
******* *'Talmest** (**Species*') 
******* [[Adu-telmest]] (*subspecies*)- [[Adras (tasnudert)|Adras asnudran]] amaddud (unṣib) aneggar 
******* [[Irzi]], [[Azɣer (tasnudert)|Azɣer]] gan d idrasen isnudranen irmadduden (arunṣib) 
******* [[Adu-rzi]] (*subvarietas*) - [[Adu-zɣer]] gan d idrasen isnudranen irmadduden
******* [[Talɣa (asismel)|Talɣa]] (*Forma*)
******* [[Adu-telɣa]] (*Subforma'')

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Afel-adur

Di usismel ussnan n yimuddiren, **Afel-adur** d yiwen n adras amessarti yellan deg tseddaṛin n wadur. Adras-a yezga-d s ddaw n ufurek yakk d gar n tagelda d wadur, maca ur tla ara (ur tesɛi ara) adfir ulmis s Tlatint.
Seg yimdyan n wafl-adur yiɣersiwen: Tisnimawin (*Deuterostomia*), Tizɣersiwin (*Platyzoa*), Tixefcerninin (*Lophotrochozoa*). Ma deg yimɣan: Tigranin d tmesdurifsanin.

## Idrasen imessartiyen n iden

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Jacques Vielliard

**Jacques Vielliard**, isem-is ummid **Jacques Marie Edme Vielliard**, d amesnafrux aṛumi id lullen di Paris ass n 22 ɣuct 1944 dɣa yemmut ɣef ljal n waṭṭan n iraggwen n wakal (malaria) ass n 9 ɣuct 2010, di Brizil. D imseḍru n tasmekta tameqrant n iklasen n ifrax.

D ameskar n imuhal ɣef Aɣbub amectuḥ ameskil (bécasseau variable).

Amankal *[[Proceratophrys vielliardi]]* yettwasem aken am tajmilt i Jacques Vielliard.

## Tameddurt
* 

## Tira d timselɣa
Aɣersiw

**Iɣersiwen** (Assaɣ ussnan: **Animalia**) akken i ttwaswmmayen s Tlatint: **metazoa** (anamek-is: tugtakwatin), d imuddiren imziɣwawen igtakwaten i d-issiliɣen tagelda tasnudrant taɣersawt. Ɣas akken llant kra n tsuraf, maca iɣersiwen tetten tinegwa tigmanin, sgunefayen uksijin, zemren ad mbiwlen akken izemren ad myarawen s wuzuf. Yella-d weglam n ugar n 1.5 n imelyan n telmas n ɣersiwen imidduren - gar-asen azal n umelyun n telmas n ibureɣsen -, maca imesnudranen settgen d akken llan ugar n 7 n imelyan n telmas n iɣersiwen. Tiddiwin n iɣersiwen gant gar m 8.5 mikṛumiter alamma d 33.6 miter, lan tisedmirin tukrisin gugar-asen yakk d twennaṭ-nsen, akken ilan iẓeḍwan imeččiyen ukrisen. Tussna izerrwen iɣersiwen d tasenɣersiwt.

Dɣa ula d amdan iga d agmam seg tgelda taɣersawt.

## Tilmas n iɣersiwen
Llant 3 n tegrawin tigejdanin deg tgelda taɣersawt: 

* **[[Timestuga|Imestuga]]**: d widak itetten tuga d yimɣan.
* **[[Timseksumin|Imseksumen]]**: d widak itetten aksum s ugmar n yiɣersiwen niḍen.
* **[[Aramma|Igetmeččiyen]]**: d widak itetten kra yellan (ama d imɣan neɣ d iɣersiwen. 

Akken i llant tegrawin meẓẓiyen s agensu n tegrawin-a.

### Timseksumin

### Timestuga

### Tirammatin

## Amnekni n twennaṭ

## Azrar imečči

## Zeddi deg wučči

## Tameddurt n iɣersiwen

## Ijenṭaden

## Tikelli n iɣersiwen

## Talsuffɣa tazufant

## Inig d tikli

## Tamuski

## Amsegzi

## Imniren

## Ẓeṛ daɣen

## Tiwelhiwin
17 yulyu

16 yulyu - *17 yulyu* - 18 yulyu

Ass **17 [[yulyu]]** d ass wis 198 n useggas (wis 199 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*). Llan 167 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas.
## Timettanin
### timiḍi wis 18
* 1790 : Adam Smith, afelsuf ikusi (° 5 yunyu 1723)

## Imagraden iqqenen
Wiki

**Awiki** d asnas web i ɛemmeden asnulfu, abeddel d usumen imazdayen n isebtar deg yiwen asmel web. Yetseqdec tutlayt n tarusi n ticraḍ dɣa agbur ines yezmer ad yetbeddel s iminig web. D afecku n ussefrek n ugbur.
César yessefk ad yemmet (César doit mourir)

***Cesar ilaq ad yemmet*** (**') d [[Ssinima aṭalyani|asaru aṭalyan]] yettwasseḍrun sɣur [[Aytmaten Taviani|Paolo d Vittorio Taviani]], yeffɣed deg useggwas [[2012 deg ssinima|2012]]. Yetwebren am [[afetasugna]], yettwassefru sɣur inekrufen ddaw tisunḍiwin n umssebded ɣer asayes [[Fabio Cavalli]], dɣa yetwexdem s umur s [[aberkan d umellal]].

== Agzul ==
assebded ɣer asayes ''[[Yulyu Qiṣer (Shakespeare)|Yulyu Qiṣer]]'', n [[William Shakespeare]], sɣur inekrufen n agmam taɣellist taɛlayant n takurmut n [[Rebibbia]], di [[Roma]].

== Tanazalt tateknit ==
* Azwel : ''Cesar ilaq ad yemmet''
* Azwel aneṣli : **'
* Asseḍru : Paolo d Vittorio Taviani
* Asayas : Aytmaten Taviani, s Fabio Cavalli, amehrug sɣur *[[Yulyu Qiṣer (Shakespeare)|Yulyu Qiṣer]]* n W. Shakespeare
* Asseknew : Simone Zampagni
* Assaley : Roberto Perpignani
* Aẓawan : Giuliano Taviani d Carmelo Travia
* Afares : Grazia Volpi d Kaos Cinematografica
* Tamurt taneṣlit : 
* Tanzagt : 76 tisdidin
* Amasal : Aberkan d umellal d Ini - 1,85 : 1
* Tuffɣa : 2 meɣres 2012 di Ṭṭalyan/ 17 tuber 2012 di Fransa

## Afraq
* Cosimo Rega : Cassius
* Salvatore Striano : Brutus
* Giovanni Arcuri : Qiṣer
* Antonio Frasca : Marco Antonio
* Juan Dario Bonetti : Decius
* Vincenzo Gallo : Lucius
* Rosario Majorana : Metellus
* Francesco De Masi : Trebonius
* Gennaro Solito : Cinna
* Vittorio Parrella : Casca
* Fabio Rizzuto : Stratone
Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen

**Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yedduklen** (neɣ *Iɣlanen Yeddukklen*) d tuddsa tagraɣlant iqeddcen i lmend n tallalt (wemɛawen) gar tmura deg yinurar n usaduf (lqanun), n teflest, n tdamsa, n tmetti yakk d izerfan n wemdan akked tmuski n telwit deg umaḍal. Tuddsa ayyi sbedden-tt-id deg useggas n 1945 assmi ifuk wemsenɣi amadlan wis sin deg yideg n Temɣunt n Yeɣlanen i lmend n usebded (weḥbas) n yimenɣi gar tmura. Ass-a, llant 192 n tmura  yettekkan deg Tuddsa n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen. Tuddsa-a tla (tesɛa) daɣen aṭas n tuddsiwin yeqqnen ar ɣur-s, yal yiwet tqeddec deg wenrar-iss. 

Ammas n Yeɣlanen Yeddukklen yezga-d deg temdint n New York deg tmurt n Yiwunak Yeddukklen.

## Amezruy

## Amaray amatu

## Izerfan n wemdan

## Tamsuka n yeɣlanen yedduklen

## Asiẓref

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Ass amadlan n tdawsa
Tagraɣlant Tanemlayt

**Tagraɣlant Tanemlayt** (s tefṛensist: Internationale Socialiste), d tuddsa tagraɣlant aydeg yettekka umur ameqran n yikabaren inemlayen (socialistes) n umaḍal.
Nnijer

**Nnijer** d tamurt n Tefriqt. Tajumma-nnes 1.267.000 km2 (ikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 22.772.361 n yimezdaɣen (Inijiriyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Niamey.
Timzikrin

**Timzikrin** d astirf n iɣersiwen imsidisen. Kraḍ adu-istirfen ttwassemlilen deg tagrawt agi : Nnig-temzikrin, Urukkurdiyen d Kraniyiyen, sin ineggura agi ttwassemlilen ddaw taxon Ulfaktures.
5 yunyu

Ass **5 [[yunyu]]** d ass wis 156 n useggas (wis 157 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*). Llan 209 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas.
4 yunyu - *5 yunyu* - 6 yunyu

## Tilaliyin
### timiḍi wis 18
* 1723 : Adam Smith, afelsuf ikusi (∩ 17 yulyu 1790).

## Imagraden iqqenen
Ferḥat Ɛebbas

**Ferḥat Mekki Ɛebbas** (ilul deg wass n 24 Tuber 1899 deg Ṭahir, Jijel - yemmut deg 24 Dujember 1985, deg temdint n Ldzayer), d argaz n tsertit aqbayli yerna d ameɣnas ay iwten i lmend n ussuffeɣ n Fransa seg Ldzayer. Deg 1946, yesnulfa-d Tadukli Tamegdayt n Teskint Tadzayrit (Union démocratique du manifeste algérien). 

Deg tallit n wemgaru (ṭṭrad) n Ldzayer, Ɛebbas yettekka deg Terni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw (Front de Libération Nationale). Deg 1958, yeqqel d aselway amezwaru n Unabaḍ Uɛḍil (gouvernement provisoire) n Tegduda tadzayrit, yerna yeṭṭef amkan-a arma ay d 1961, asmi ay t-id-yexlef Benyusef Benxedda. Deg 1962, yettwafren d aselway n Wegraw Aɣelnaw (amni [parlement]) amezwaru n Ldzayer. Deg 1963, yeffeɣ seg wemkan-a ɣef ljal n yiwen n umennuɣ akked unabaḍ n Ḥmed Ben Bella. Ɣef ljal n waya ay yettwaḥbes deg Wedrar. Deg 1965, cwiṭ kan qbel ad d-tili tuttya-nni taserdasit n Hewwari Bumedyen, Ɛebbas bran-as-d seg lḥebs, maca yejbed iman-nnes seg tsertit.
Tirni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw

**Tirni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw** (s tefrensist: *Front de Libération Nationale*) d akabar adzayri. Asmi ay tuwey Ldzayer azarug-nnes (indépendance) deg 1962, akabar-a yeṭṭef adabu yerna yeqqel d netta ay d akabar awḥid deg Ldzayer arma d 1989. Ar ass-a mazal akabar-a yetturar ddur d ameqran deg tsertit n Ldzayer. Deg 2005, Tirni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw terra Ɛebdelɛaziz Butefliqa d aselway n ukabar, ma d Ɛebdelɛaziz Belxadem yeqqel d amaru amatu n ukabar-a. Deg useggas-nni daɣen, Tirni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw teddukkel akked yikabaren n Wemsegraw Aɣelnaw Amegday (n Ḥmed Uyeḥya) ed Umussu n Tmetti n Talwit (n Bugerra Ṣṣeltani) akken ad d-sbedden tamsisit (alliance) ara ibedden ɣer yidis n uselway Ɛebdelɛaziz Butefliqa.
Agraw n Euro

**Agraw n Euro** (neɣ Euragraw) d timlilit tamaggurt (dɣa awarseklant) n ineɣlafen n teẓraf n Iwunak imaslaḍen n asun euro, deg iẓri n ussemyuddes n tasertit tudmist nsen. 

Yetwexleq sɣur Aseqqamu uṛufi deg useggwas 1997, Agraw n Euro yeswerwer *de facto* deg tanga-s Aseqqamu n ineɣlafen n teẓraf uṛufiyen yettilin azekka-nni n timlilit n Agraw n Euro, ayɣef yesismur iɣtasen. Aselway yettwafren i anna n sin iseggwasen d wezgen (taynayt id yernan sɣur amtawa n Lisbun).

Ahulandi Jeroen Dijsselbloem, 46 iseggwasen, aneɣlaf n teẓraf, yettwafren ass n arim (letniyen) 21 yennayer 2013 aselway n Euragraw.

Deg useggwas 2008, Euragraw yesfaydi ibeddilen imaynuten, imi id yetwajmeɛ ass n 12 tuber, deg uswir n iɣellaten n Uwanak d wid n unabaḍ, dɣa yemmager i uzgen n ssaɛa Gordon Brown, Aneɣlaf amezwaru aqdim n Tagelda Yeddukklen, yiwet tamurt ur llan ara deg asun euro.

## Assemyuddes aḍulli n tisertiyin tiqariḍanin n Iwunak n asun euro
### Tuddsa ''ad hoc'' yetwexelqen sɣur Aseqqamu uṛufi deg useggwas 1997
Euroagraw mačči d tasudut tanaggayt. Sakkin tettwers Tadukli tudmist d taqariḍant (UEM), timura n asun n euro imal ḥwaǧen ad ssegrewen iwakken ad meslayen ɣef isental yerzan ɣef euro. 

## Tiɣbula
### Tira d timselɣa

### Adriraw
* Projet de traité constitutionnel, article III et protocole n° 12
* Conclusions du Conseil européen de Luxembourg (12-13 décembre 1997)
* Conclusions de la présidence du Conseil de Nice (7-9 décembre 2000)
* *Droit européen*, JC Gautron, Dalloz, édition 2006
* *Histoire de la construction européenne*, MT Bitsch, éditions Complexe, juillet 2004

## Izdayen uffiɣen
*  Site de l’Eurogroupe
Qasi Tizi Wezzu

**Qasi Tizi Wezzu**, **Hamid Lourari** deg isem-is idetti. Ilul-d deg useggas n 1931 di At Wartilan di Tmurt Taqbaylit dɣa yemmut ass n 19 wamber 2014 di Zzayer sakin aḍḍan aɣezfan. Qasi Tizi-Uzzu d azeffan n umezgun d tiliẓri tazzayrit. Yettwassen i ubusin id yexdem s Krikec neɣ Salaḥ Saɛdawi.
Taberlinit 2012

**Taberlinit 2012** d taẓrigt tis 62 n Tafaska n usaru n Berlin, yedran seg 9 fuṛaṛ 2012 ar 19 fuṛaṛ 2012. Mike Leigh, amssebded ɣer asayes n umezgun dɣa amseḍru anglizi, d netta id aselway n umgalaw.

## Amgalaw

## Isura ttwafrenen
### Deg timenyagert
Isura ddaw agi kecmen ar timenyagert i Ursu n ureɣ :

### Beṛṛa timenyagert

## Asaɣtug




### Arrazen iserhiyen n tafaska




## Tira d timselɣa

## Ẓer daɣen

### Imagraden yeqqnen
* Taberlinit

### Izdayen uffiɣen
*  Asmel unṣib
* Taberlinit s useggas ɣef Allociné
*  La Taberlinit s useggas ɣef Internet Movie Database
Sidi Lexḍer (Ɛin Ddefla)

**Sidi Lexḍer** (s tefrensist: *Sidi Lakhdar*) d yiwet tɣiwant n twialyt n Ɛin Ddefla, tezga-d ar 120 ikilumitren ar utaram n temdint n Lezzayer tamanaɣt. Deg 2008 ɣur-s azal n 20,970 imezdaɣ. Di lawan n temhersa tafrensist, llan ɣɣaren-as s yisem n *Lavarande*.
Mendas

**Mendas** d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Yiɣil Izzan. Deg useggwas n 2008, ɣur-es azal n 15,127 imezdaɣ.
Wlad Buɣalem

**Wlad Buɣalem** (tamaziɣt taneṣlit : **It Buɣalem** neɣ *Ah Buɣalem*) d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Mestɣanem. Deg useggas n 2008, ɣur-e azal n 13,761 imezdaɣ.

## Tamaziɣt deg Wlad/It Buɣalem Zik
Ɣef wayen yenna René Basset, d amnadi af tmaziɣt n zik, llan zik imaziɣen i yesawalen (yemeslayen) Janat (Znatiya) ar 1900 di teqbilt n Ɛacaca (*Étude sur la Zenatia de l'Ouarsenis et du Maghreb central*).
Mehdi Serbaḥ

**Mehdi Serbaḥ** (ilul deg 31 yennayer 1953 deg temdint n Lezzayer) d amarir adzayri n tkurt n uḍar. Yella d aɛessas n ucebbak n teɣlamt n Yilemẓiyen Inaddalen n Leqbayel (gar 1972-1973).
Ḥamid Tibuci

**Ḥmid Tibuci** (ilul deg 12 Furar 1951 deg Bgayet), d amedyaz azzayri yessefruyen s tefrensist yerna d amekla (peintre). Yuwey-d turagt (licence) n tanglizit yerna yezdeɣ deg Fransa seg useggas n 1982. Gar yedlisen-nnes: Mer ouverte (Ilel iledyen, 1973) akked Soleil d'herbe (1977).
Wad Ccerfa

**Wad Ccerfa** (Tafrensist : Oued Chorfa) d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Ɛin Ddefla, deg wammas-ataram n tmurt Lezzayer di tmurt n Iznaten (Iznaten). Deg useggwas n 2008, tesɛa azal n 13,353 imezdaɣ.
Fuad Lembezzeɛ

**Fuad Lembezzeɛ** d aselway uɛḍil n Tunes seg wass n 15 Yennayer 2011 (deg wemkan n Zin Lɛabidin Ben Ɛli ay yennejlan seg tmurt). Lembezzeɛ ilul deg wass n 16 Yunyu 1933 deg temdint n Tunes.
Baji Qayed Ssebsi

**Baji Qayed Ssebsi** (ilul deg 29 wamber 1926 deg Sidi Bu Saɛid), d aselway n Tegduda n Tunes. D argaz n tsertit yerna d abugaṭu atunsi. Deg wass n 27 fuṛaṛ 2011, aselway Fuad Mebazaɛ yerra-t d Aneɣlaf Amezwaru n Tunes deg wemkan n Muḥemmed Ɣennuci. Sakkin, yesnulfa akabar Nida Tunes deg 2012, i yernan aṭas n isutal deg Tifranin Tisnagalanin n 2014 deg Tunes (élections législatives).
Abu Lḥasan

**Abu Lḥasan** d taɣiwant n Cclef, zedɣen-tt 20.164 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafrensist, llan ɣɣaren-as *Cavaignac*. 

## Aẓar n wawal

Asmi ay tuwey Ldzayer azarug, semman-as Abu Lḥasan, akken ad rren tajmilt i yiwen n wemjahed ɣɣaren-as Abu Lḥasan (isem-nnes n tidet d Ɛebdelqader Lbaqi, ilul deg tama n Remci, deg Tlemsan). 

## Amezruy

Deg 11 Nwember 1992, taɣiwant n Abu Lḥasan iḥuza-tt uḥemmal d ameqran. Taɣiwant-a tenḍerr mliḥ deg tallit n ccwal ay inekren deg tmurt n Ldzayer gar 1992 ed 2002, maca seg 1999 ar ass-a, yebda tebda tetteqqal-d talwit ɣer tɣiwant-a cwiṭ, cwiṭ.
Wlad Sidi Brahim (Tamsilt)

**Wlad Sidi Brahim** d yiwet n tɣiwant n twilayt n Temsilt, deg tdayra n Wlad Sidi Brahim, yerna adeg-aɣella-s d Ɛin Ddis. Deg 2008, ɣur-es azal n 10.716 imezdaɣ.
Ɛin Benxlil

**Ɛin Benxlil** d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Nnɛama. Tesɛa 3.720 km2 deg tjumma-s, yerna deg 2008 ɣur-es azal n 12.632 imezdaɣ.
Lexmis n Tmelyant

**Lexmis n Tmelyant** (s tefrensist: *Khemis Miliana*), d taɣiwant n Ɛin Ddefla. Zedɣen-tt 74.349 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafrensist, llan ttinin-as *Affreville*.
Negrin

**Negrin** d yiwet tɣiwant n twilayt n Tbessa, deg 2008 ɣur-es azal n 9.445 imezdaɣ. Amɣiwan-nnes d Xaled Lexḍar seg Tirni n Weslelli Aɣelnaw.
Lexmis n Lxecna

**Lexmis n Lxecna** (s tefrensist: *Khemis El Khachna*), d taɣiwant n twilayt n Bumerdas, zedɣen-tt 58.573 n yimezdaɣen. Deg tallit n tuṭṭfa tafṛensist, llan ɣɣaren-as *Fondouk*.

## Tarakalt

### Asideg (timella)
Mumbay

**Mumbay** (s tefrensist: *Bombay*), d tamdint tameqrant akk deg Lhend, tezga-d deg utaram (lɣerb) n tmurt, ɣef yiri n Ugaraw Ahendi. Zedɣen-tt 13.830.884 n yimezdaɣen.
Eswatini

**Eswatini** d tamurt n Tafriqt Wenẓul. Tajumma-nnes 17.364 km2 (ikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 1.343.098 n yimezdaɣen (Iswaziyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Mbabane.
Tazɣent n umerwas azayez n Legrig

**Tazɣent n umerwas azayez n Legrig** tussa-d seg tugdi n iserwasen n Legrig ɣef tazmert-is i uɣrem n amerwas azayez ines dɣa d uxelleṣ n ainsi que de payer les nnfeɛ n umerwas.
Buṭaleb

**Buṭaleb** (s tifinaɣ: **ⴱⵓⵟⴰⵍⴻⴱ**) d yiwet tɣiwant n wenẓul n ugezdu n Sṭif. Deg 2008 zedɣen-t wazal n 9.456 imzedaɣen.

## Tarakalt

### Tuddar
*Buṭaleb
*Bni Lmay
*Gennifa
*Anwal
*Umm Ɛemmur
*Buǧellix
*Ddar Lbiḍa
Ṭaṭa

**Ṭaṭa** (s teɛrabt : *طاطا*) d amda n wenẓul n Umerruk i-d yezgan deffir Mgal-Aṭlas. Tḥudd af iɣerman n : Assa, Tarudant, Tiznit, Agelmim ed Warzazat.
Ursu n ureɣ

**Ursu n ureɣ** (s telmant *Goldener Bär*) d arraz yettunefken deg Tafaska n Berlin seg 1951. Yettunefk sɣur amgalaw unṣib i wsaru aɣezfan n timenyagert tagraɣlant. Ursu d azamul n tamdint n Berlin. 

Ursu n ureɣ yetsreɣɣet sɣur Renée Sintenis. 

Ar ass agi, ala imseḍru ataywan Ang Lee i yernan (i rebḥen) ursu n ureɣ snat tikkwal (deg 1993 d 1996).
Aytmaten Taviani

Aytmaten **Paolo d Vittorio Taviani** d Imseḍra dɣa imessiyas iṭalyaniyen i lulen 20 ctamber 1929 d 8 wamber 1931 di San Miniato di Pisa deg Ṭṭalyan. Zmelen sin yidsen yal asaru.

## isura ummilen

*Padre padrone
*Iḍ n San Lorenzo
*Kaos (timucuha tisisilyanin)
*César ilaq ad yemmet
Hashima

**Hashima** yezmer ad yilli :
* , tamdint n Japon n tanebdadt n Gifu ;
* , a district n Japon n tanebdadt n Gifu ;
* , tigzirt n Japon n tanebdadt n Nagasaki, tettwasem daɣen .
Bulgarya

**Bulgarya** d tamurt n Turuft Tagmuḍant. Tajumma-nnes 110.993 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 7.364.570 n yimezdaɣen (Ibulgariyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Sofia.
Sofia

**Sofia** d tamaneɣt n Bulgarya. Zedɣen-tt 1.478.300 n yimezdaɣen (2019).


StGeorgeRotundaSofia.JPG| 
Sof.University~1935.jpg|
Narsob3.jpg|
NDK-front-view.jpg|
NationalAssemblySquare.jpg|
Butswana

**Butswana** d tamurt n Tefriqt Tanẓulant. Tajumma-nnes 581.730 (ikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 2.029.307 (Ibutswanen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Gaborone.
Bangladec

**Bangladec**, d tamurt n wenẓul (sud) n Asya. Tajumma-nnes 147.570 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 142 n yimelyunen n yimezdaɣen (Ibangladecen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Dakka.
Tamrikt Talemmast

**Tamrikt Talemmast** d aḥric alemmas n Temrikt (maca, deg tidet, yettwaḥseb d aḥric seg Temrikt n Ugafa). Tamrikt Talemmast deg-s timura n Gwatimala, Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Kusta Rika ed Panama. Tajumma-nnes, s ujemmal, 523.780 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 41.739.000 n yimezdaɣen.

Tumira n **Tamrikt Talemmast** :
*  Gwatimala (Guatemala)
*  Belize (Belmopan)
*  Honduras (Tegucigalpa)
*  Salvadur (San Salvador)
*  Nicaragua (Managua)
*  Kusta Rika (San José)
*  Panama (Panama)

## Timura

## Tutlayin
Tutlayt taspnyolit d tutlayt tanṣibt g  Honduras,Salvadur ,  Nicaragua, Kusta Rika d Panama .

Tutlayt Taglizit   d tutlayt tanṣibt g Belize
Tamrikt n Ugafa

**Tamrikt n Ugafa** d aḥric n ugafa n Temrikt (ddant-d deg-s ama d Kanada, Iwunak Yeddukklen ed Meksik, ama d timura n Temrikt Talemmast, arma d Panama). Tajumma-nnes 24.709.000 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 529 n yimelyunen n yimezdaɣen.
Tamrikt n Wenẓul

**Tamrikt n Wenẓul** d aḥric n Temrikt ay d-yezgan deg wenẓul (sud) n Temrikt Talemmast, seg Panama arma d tigzirt n Wakal n Tmes (ay icerken Cili ed Teṛjentint). Tajumma-nnes 17.840.000 km2. Zedɣen-tt 385.742.554 n yimezdaɣen. Amur ameqran seg tmura n Temrikt n Wenẓul mmeslayent Taspenyult ed Tapurutgizt.
Zambya

**Zambya** d tamurt n Tefriqt. Tajumma-nnes 752.618 km2 (ikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 
17.351.708 n yimezdaɣen (Izambiyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Lusaka.
Benin

**Benin** d tamurt n Tefriqt n Utaram. Tajumma-nnes 112.622 km2 (ikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 8.791.832 n yimezdaɣen (Ibeniniyen). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Porto Novo.
Iseɛdiyen

**Ayt Zidan** neɣ **Iseɛdiyen** d yiwen seg 6 n wusufen (widak niḍen gan d: Ayt Idris, Imrabṭen, Imweḥḥden, Ayt Mrin d Yiɛalawiyen) iy nebḍen Ameṛṛuk seg useggas n 1554 alamma d 1636. Tamenrut (tamanaɣt) n uwanek n Wayt Zidan tella d Fas, sin akin tuɣal d Amurakuc seg useggas n 1603.

## Amezruy

## Tikli af Timbuktu

Aneggaru-a yeẓdem deg useggas n 1591 ɣef temdint n Timbuktu, d ayen i yeǧǧan Ameṛṛuk ad teḥkem abrid n tnezzut n utaram n Uneẓruf Ameqran. Ass mi iyemmut Ḥmed Lmenṣur deg useggas n 1603, banen-d wuguren deg twacult n Yiseɛdiyen ɣef wanwa ara yɣalen d agellid.

## Imenɣi mgal Irumiyen
Iseɛdiyen sseɣlin tawacult tanerkumt (tuḍɛift) n Yiwaṭṭasen deg useggas n 1554, yerna bdan ttnaɣen mgal n Ispenyuliyen d Yipurtugizen i yeṭṭfen kra seg temdinin n teftisin n Umeṛṛuk. Tamaneɣt n Yiseɛdiyen tella deg temdint n Amurakuc. Deg 1578, agellid Sebastian Amezwaru n Purtugal akked ugellid Felipe wis Sin n Spanta ddukklen akken ad sseɣlin agellid Ɛebdelmalek n Merruk. 

Deg yimenɣi n Qṣer Lekbir, Ɛebdelmalek yessaweḍ ad ten-yernu ma yemmut, yerna ula d agellid n Purtugal "Sebastian", yemmut deg yimenɣi-nni. D aya i yeǧǧan agellid Felipe ad yenbeḍ ula d tamurt n Purtugal. Ma d agellid Ɛebdelmalek yekkus-it (ixlef-it) gma-s Ḥmed Lmenṣur.

## Tadamsa

## Iserdasen

## Imniren
* Ayt Idilla
* Ayt Mrin
Qṣer Lekbir

**Qṣer Lekbir**(s Taɛrabt : *القصر الكبير*, al-Qaşr al-Kabīr ; s tespenyulit : *Alcazarquivir* ; s tepurtugizt: *Alcácer-Quibir*) d yiwet temdint i-d yuzgan deg tama n Ṭanja ed Tiṭṭawin deg ugafa n Merruk ar tama utrim n Arrif. Tura tesɛa azal n 100,000 imezdaɣen, i wumi neqqar *Iqeṣriwen* neɣ *Leqeṣri* s taɛrabt.
Nijirya

**Nijirya** (isem-is unṣib s teglizit: Federal Republic of Nigeria), d yiwet n tmurt deg Tefriqt n Utaram, d tamurt tameqqrant deg Tefriqt s wugar n 204 imelyan n yimezdaɣ. Tezzin-as-d Niger deg ugafa, Benin deg utaram, Chad d Kamirun deg usammer, d Afrag n Guinée deg unẓul. Tamaneɣt n Nigeria d Abuja, tamdint-is tameqqrant d Lagos. Timura i yettwaxedmen deg tmurt n Nigeria d naira. Aselway n tmurt n Nigeria d Muhammadu Buhari.
Nijirya tesεa tadamsa ijehden akk deg tefriqt. petrol yettɛawan mliḥ i bac ad teɣli Nijiriya ɣer tdamsa-ya. Tamurt n Nijiria deg-s kraḍ n yigduden imezwura: Awṛuppa, Igubu d Hausa
Antigua ed Barbuda

**Antigua ed Barbuda** d tamurt tamecṭuḥt n Temrikt, tezga-d deg tegzirin n Antilles Timecṭuḥin, deg Ugaraw Aṭlasi, teqreb ɣer Kuba. Tajumma-nnes 440 km2. Zedɣen-tt 86.000 n yimezdaɣen. Tamaneɣt-nnes d Saint John's.
Nnaḍur (Arrif)

**Nnaḍur** d yiwet temdint ay d-yezgan deg Arrif, tamnaḍt n Imaziɣen Irifanen.

## Anda-tt

Tamdint n Nnaḍur, d yiwet n temdint yesɛan amakan d usagen (port), tezga-d deg tama n ugafa-asammer (nord-est) n tmurt n Umerruk.

Tezga-d dɣa ar 60 ikilumtren ar tillas n Tmurt n Lzzayer. Tezgad daɣen ar 100 n Ikilumtren ɣef Lḥusima, tamanaɣt n Imaziɣen n Arrif.
Ilel Azeggaɣ

**Ilel Azeggaɣ** d afurk seg Ugaraw Ahendi, yezga-d gar Tzunegzirt Taɛṛabt akked Tefriqt. Tajumma-nnes 438.000 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen).
Tazunegzirt taɛrabt

**Tazunegzirt taɛrabt** (S teɛrabt: *شبه الجزيرة العربية*) d tama tasnamurt id yezgan deg wenẓul-utrim n umenẓaw Asya, Yesnelsa-tt-id seg utaram (umalu) Yilel Azeggaɣ (ay tt-yebḍan ɣef Tefriqt), seg wenẓul Agaraw Ahendi, seg usamar Ilel aɛrab ed Ubagu Afarsi. Tajumma-ynes 2.730.000 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen).

## Imezdaɣ
Zedɣen-tt 77.983.936 n yimezdaɣen.

## Timura n Tzunegzirt Taɛrabt

*Baḥrayn
*Lekwit
*Limarat Taɛrabin Yeddukklen
*Qaṭar
*Tagelda Tasaɛudit
*Yamen
*Ɛuman
Ziland Tamaynut

**Ziland Tamaynut** d tamurt n Tukyanust, tezga-d deg wenẓul-agmuḍan (sud-est) n Ustralya. Tamurt-a tebḍa ɣef snat tegzirin d timeqranin: Tigzirt n Ugafa ed Tegzirt n Wenẓul. Tajumma-nnes 268.021 km2 (yikilumitren imkuẓen). Zedɣen-tt 4.393.500 n yimezdaɣen (Inyuzilanden). Tamaneɣt-nnes d Wellington.
Tukyanust

**Tukyanust**  (*Océanie*) d yiwen seg yimenẓawen (continents) neɣ iḥricen imeqranen n umaḍal, d win ay d-ijemmlen Ustralya akked wakk timura ay d-yezgan deg Ugaraw Amelwi ur yettwaqqnen ɣer Asya. Tajumma-nnes 8.536.716 (km2) yikilumitren imkuẓen. Zedɣen-tt 35.670.000 n yimezdaɣen.
22 ctember

21 ctember - *22 ctamber* - 23 ctember

Ass **22 [[ctember]]** d ass 265 n useggas (266 deg iseggasen *bisekstil*). Llan 100 wussan deffir-s ar taggara n useggas.

## Tilaliyin
### Timiḍi wis 20
* 1953 : 
** Ségolène Royal, tasertayt taṛumit.

## Imagraden iqqenen