Amezruy n udayen n Mzab

**Udayen n Mzab** d timetti tameẓẓyant n udayen n Lezzayer id-ekkan seg Mzab, tamnaḍt i yɛezlen deg uneẓruf amur ameqqran n yimezdaɣ-is d inselmen ibaḍiyen. Mgaraden ɣef udayen nniḍen n Lezzayer imi nutnu ur sfaydin ara s lqanun n Krimyu 1870 i yerran akk udayen izzayriyen d ifransisen imi imren tamnaḍt n Mzab tella teḥkem-itt Fransa s yisem kan ur d-sekcem ara aṭas iman-is deg yimdanen neɣ deg wanda i zeddɣen teqqim akken armi d timunnent n Lezzayer. Akken ma llan unagen seg Lezzayer ɣer Fransa d Israyel deg yixef wis sin n tasut tis 20.

***D aḥric seg [[Amezruy n udayen n Lezzayer|umezruy n udayen n Lezzayer]]***

## Amezruy

### Iẓuran
Deg turat n yibaḍiyen qqaren-d belli tiwucal timezzwura id-yuwḍen ɣer Ɣerdaya (Taɣerdayt) seg wudayen tella tusa-d seg tegzirt n Ǧerba deg Tunes ideg llan ttidiren imiren wudayen ttama n yibaḍiyen d yiwen n urgaz yeṭṭafaren tibaḍit i ten-id iɛerḍen, sreḥben yis-sen yimezdaɣ n temdint di tasut tis 12.

Ma deg turat n udayen qqren-d belli uwḍen zik seg Teqhirt. Ɣas akken, cchada tamezzwarut id-yettmalen tallit n udayen deg temnaḍt-agi tettuɣal ɣer uḥric wis sin n tasut tis 17 deg tira n lecyux n tudayt deg temdint n Lezzayer tamanaɣt. Amḍan n udayen imẓabiyen yeqqar-d belli sɛan iẓuran isbenyuliyen (udayen isafardiyen) id-yuwḍen ɣer temnaḍt-agi s uɛeddi-nsen seg Lmeṛṛuk (Figig, Fas) imi aṭas n leɛwayed-nsen ttemcabint d tid n udayen imeṛṛuyiken. Kra qqaren-d belli d uday Muci Subanu n Lezaayer tamanaɣt i d jedd-nsen i asen-d-iǧǧan isem-is. Wiyaḍ ttarran-ten ɣer temnaḍt n Wad Riɣ d Tribulina deg Libya, daɣen yella urbaɛ nniḍen iten-yettaran ɣer temnaḍt n Twat wigi d timetti id-irewlen seg tlurt-nsen mi asen-teḍra twaɣit. Ineggura-agi neṭḍen ɣer yiwen seg yikufal yeqqaren belli deg turat uday kra n twaculin tumẓabiyin qqarent-as i tmeɣra tudayt n Seder (ass ara d-yezzin i Tamanṭiṭ) yiwet seg temdinin id-yezgan deg Twat yernu Tamenṭit tella meɛrufet aṭas s udayen i yellan zedɣen-tt uqbel ad tt-uihudd ugellid n Lmerruk yexdem deg-s axeṣṣar d twaɣit id-isrewlen udayen. 

### Tallit n Fransa
Tamnaḍt tekcem-itt Fransa deg useggas n 1852 maca ur bdin ara aselḥu n lqanun-nsen deg-s armi d 1884. Ɣef way-a udayen n Mẓab ur stenfaɛen ara seg Lqanun n Krimyu id-yusan uqbel n wazemz-agi lqanun agi d netta i yerran udayen n Lezzayer akk d imezdaɣ ifransisen yesɛan talɣent yeffeɣ-d deg 1870 ihi udayen agi ad ilin d udayen iwḥiden deg akk umenkud afransis ara yeṭṭfen deg ccerɛ n tudayt ideg llan uqbel unekcum n Fransa ur xeddmen ara s lqanun afransis armu d wazemz ibeɛden ara ǧǧen ccariɛa-nsen taɣelnawt, armi d timunnent n Lezzayer.

Deg wass n 11 yebrir 1980, yessufeɣ-d usqamu n Lezzayer tamanaɣt Leqrar yeqqar-d belli lqanun n Krimyu n 24 tuber 1870 i yerran akk udayen n Lezzayer d ifransisen ur sfaydiyen ara seg-s udayen id-ilulen deg temnaḍt n Mẓab neɣ wid id yekkan syinna. Deg 25 furar 1891 annar n usiwel n Lezzayer tamanaɣt ɛawden walan lqanun agi rnan-as-d kan kra n teggrayin. Deg wass n 28 duǧember 1895, anembaḍ n Lezzayer, Jules Cambon yefka lamer i udayen n Mẓab ad sutren talɣent tafransist maca annar yugi ad yeqbel cci-agi.

Seg 1947 d asawen, tebda Fransa tettwali ma tezmer ad asen-tefk talɣent ad uɣalen am nutni am wiyaḍ. Tamezzwarut-nsen teḍra-d deg 1953 maca yeɣli deg 1956. Udayen imẓabiyen ur sɛin ara azref n tisɛin n talɣent imi ugin ad semmḥen deg leɛwayed-nsen. Fransa lamer tettaf ad semmḥen deg lmeɛwayed-nsen ad rnun ɣer udayen nniḍen. Deg wayen yeɛnan izerfan n tmeṭṭut timetti-agi argaz yella yezmer ad yaɣ ugar n yiwet n tmetṭut daɣen yella yezmer ad s-yebru i tmetṭut-is mebla ma teẓra. Tulawin llant ur sɛint ara izerfan neɣ lwert.

Mi d-kker Israyel deg 1948 unagen wazal n 1 034 n udayen seg tmetti agi ɣer-s wid id yegran ad rnun ɣur-sen umbeɛd ladɣa mi d-ufan Petrole deg Ḥ)asi Mesɛud ilaq ad xlun yiwen n uḥrtic amẓabi.

Mi tekker tegrawla n Lezzzayer, timetti s yiman-is tessuter s yiman-is talɣent tafransist i wakken ad ffy)=en, mgal leɛwayed ideg tṭfen zik. Deg 28 yulyu 1961 yeffeɣ lqanun iten yernan ɣer udayen n Lezzayer d Lmezrruk.

Llan bɣan ad ffɣen seg Lezzayer uqbel timunnent i ilaqen niqal ad tili deg 2 yulyu 1962 maca lan ugaden acu ara ten yaɣen deg ubrid aɣezzfan gar Lezzayer d Mẓab. Ihi unagen deg tmserafgin azal n 978 n ufdayen imẓabiyen i yunagen akkenni ɣer Marseilles. Uqbel ad ruḥen meḍlen kra n tira tiqdeimin tudayin gar-asen ixfan iqdimen n Turah.

### Unag ɣer Fransa
Uwḍen ɣer Marseille ideg tella twennaḍt yemgaraden aṭas ɣef tin iserg-d-usan, timetti tettwabḍa  deg akk Fransa. Azal n 400 n udayen imẓabiyen xtaren ad rnun ɣer wid iasen yettilin deg Israyel. Wid yeddren deg Fransa  yella yewɛer asen ad iudiren d tmetti taɣelnawt n dinna. Imi nutni uy)en tanumlmi d ccariɛa tudayt.