Anfafad asenselkim

**Anfafad neɣ avirus asenselkam** (virus informatique) d ahil. Ahil-a, yezmer ad t-id-yaru umessihel (programmeur). S tiddi n wenfafad-a, tettbeddil tikli tamagnut n uselkim, neɣ a texreb telqut yellan deg-s.

Amek ineṭṭeḍ unfafad?
Anfafad ineṭṭeḍ-d seg berra i uselkim (aḍebsi, azeṭṭa), reffden-t wahilen yettwaselkamen (programmes qui s'executent), ahilen iqebblen asiɣzef (extention) .com, .exe neɣ .bat. Acu kan, ass-a llan ivirusen s siziɣzaf nniḍen udiɣ ẓeddmen q€f ifuyla meṛṛa akken yebɣu yella wanaw-is.

Anda ara naf anfafad?
Di tsenselkimt, ifuyla (fichiers) bḍan ɣef sin yeḥricen:
* a/ ifuyla n yisefka (fichiers de données), amedya yeḍrisen.
* b/ ifuyla iteddun (fichiers qui s'executent), iqebblen aseɣzef .com, .exe, .bat.
Anfafad ineṭṭeḍ ifuyla iteddun; akken tiddin-nnsen, tgellu-d s tiddin n unfafad yellan deg-sen. Anfafad yezmer ad yeẓẓu deg ugzem usenker (secteur d'amorçage) n uḍebsi aquran (disque dur) neɣ yiḍebsiyen ilwayanen (disques souples, disquettes); akken ma yecɛel uselkim anfafad ad d-yaki.
Ifuyla n yisefka ur d-ttawin ara infafaden, maca infafaden zemren ad sdermen isalan yella deg-sen.

Amek yebna unfafad?
Ahil n wenfafad yebna ɣef 04 yeḥricen:
* 1/ asulu n unfafad (signature du virus): Asulu n unfafad d takbabt-ines (signature) neɣ d limara-s.
* 2/ ahil n tarrawt (programme de reproduction) : Tal tikelt ara yeddu wahil yuḍnen, uɣur yenṭeḍ wenfafad, aḥric-a ad d-yeddu. D aḥric-a ara d-yafen akk ifuyla ikesben aseɣzef .com, .exe, .bat, i wakken ad asen yefk limar-ines.
* 3/ ahil n usedrem (programme de destruction) : S weḥric-a i d-itekk usexreb i yufuyla yesɛan limara n unfafad.
* 4/ anaḍ n uneggez (instruction de saut): S wehric-a, anfafad ad yuɣal ɣer ufaylu amezwaru ideg yeẓẓa.

Ismawen n kra yinfafaden mechuren:

Vendredi 13:
Anfafad-a iteffeɣ-d yal ass n lǧemɛa(ass n Sem) 13.

Datacrime:
Anfafad-a iteffeɣ-d seld ass n 12 tuber.

Phantom:
Anfafad-a inetted deg tecfawit (mémoire).

Virus 405:
Anfafad-a isedram isalan n 405 itamḍanen (octets) imezwura n uḍebsi aquran.

Asuza:
Anfafad yettili deg ugzem usenker.

Bloody :
Anfafad-a iswaɣay agzem n usenker. Afafad-a iteffeɣ-d deg uwennez (reinitialisation) wis 128. Anfafad-a yettaru-d inez-ayi (message) « Bloody Jun 4 1989 », ass n tnekra deg Tienanmen, Pekin).

Jeddah :
Anfafad-a irennu azal n 1475 atamḍan i yifuyla .com, .exe. Anfafad-a yettaččar tacfawit yeddren n unasiw (mémoire tompon du clavier clavier).

Zerohunt :
Anfafad-a yettili deg tecfawit, d aḥerbebbu, yettbeddil amḍiq.

AMGELNFAFAD (anti-virus):
Amgelnfafad d aseɣẓan (logiciel) i d-yettafen ahilen yuḍnen. D netta itekksen infafaden. Amgelnfafad isizdig ahilen yettwaɣen.

Kra n yimgelnfafaden:
Virscan, Fprot, Unvirus, Scan, Pc 180, Virusafe, Norton, Vaccin, Novirus

Kra yiwellihen:

* amesten (protection) mgal tira deg yiḍebsiyen inaṣliyen.
* aḥraz n yifuyla deg yiḍebsiyen iseḥḥan
* asekyed (examiner), ma yella ccek, aḍebsi aquran d yiḍebsiyen ilwayanen.
* amesten n yifuyla yesɛan aseɣzef .com, .exe, .bat, mgal tira.
* ur seqdacet ara iseɣẓanen n wurar (logiciels de jeux) uqbel asiked-nnsen s useɣẓan amgelnfafad.
* urwet i ugagzdem (téléchargement) n wahilen iteddun (executables)
* kkset afaylu command.com seg uẓar. Amek ara nekkes afaylu seg uẓar ?
Ad s-nbeddel isem (amedya com.moc), ad t-neffer deg zzmam nniden (amedya PROTEC)
MD PROTEC
COPY C:COMMAN.COM C:PROTECCOM.MOC
REN COMMAND.COM SAUVCOM.BIN

Ad nernu ɣer ufaylu CONFIG.SYS, taladna(commande) : SHELL=C:PROTECCOMM.MOC /P
Ad nernu ɣer ufaylu AUTOEXEC.BAT, taladna:
SET COMPEC=C:PROTECCOM.MOC

* aḥraz n yifuyla .com, .exe mgal tira : Ad naru tasekkirt-a (procédure) :
ATTRIB +R *.COM
ATTRIB +R *.EXE

## Tamselyut
* Imyura.net