open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Tamasiḥit

**Tamasiḥit** d ajjed iy deg ttamnen medden belli Ṛebbi d yiwen, iṣubb ɣer medden s wedmaw n bnadem: Ɛisa. Imasiḥen (Imettumsen) ttamnen belli Ɛisa ur yesɛi ara baba-s : ilul ala seg yiwet n tmeṭṭut (Meryem) s tezmert n Rebbi. Imasiḥen ttamnen belli Ɛisa d lmasiḥ ay ad isellken Udayen u ad yexelq tamurt n Israyil tameqqrant, ɣas akken ur yexdim ara akk tiɣawsiwin agi, nutni ttamnen belli a d-yuɣal tikkelt nniḍen akken ad tt-yexdem. 

Imasiḥen umnen di Adlis Uɣris (iqedsen) neɣ Abenǧil (Inǧil), ayen isɛan tira s tɛebrit d tira s Tegrigt.

## Tisuqilin n Yinjil ɣer tutlayt Tamaziɣt

Ttwagent (ttwaxedment) aṭas n tsuqilin n Yinjil s tutlayt Tamaziɣt, s tintaliwin am Tamaziɣt Tarifit, Tamaziɣt Tacelḥit, d Tamaziɣt Taqbaylit.

Tasuqilt n Yinjil s Tmaziɣt Taqbaylit tella da:

Injil s Tefṛansist - Tamaziɣt Taqbaylit.

Llant tsuqilin Timaziɣin n:
* Arkawal Azayku (*Ancien Testament*).
* Arkawal Amaynu (*Nouveau Testament*).
* Izlan n Dawud (Psalms)...

## Umuɣ n tsuqilin Timaziɣin n Yinjil: Arkawal Azayku d Warkawal Amaynu

* Arkawal Amaynu (Nouveau Testament) s Tmaziɣt Taqbaylit
* Arkawal Azayku (Ancien Testament) s Tmaziɣt Tarifit, neɣ da 
* Arkawal Amaynu (Nouveau Testament), s usekkil Alatin neɣ da , d s usekkil n Tifinaɣ, d s usekkil Aɛrab
* Arkawal Amaynu (Nouveau Testament) s Tmaziɣt Tacelḥit s usekkil Alatin neɣ da, d s usekkil n Tifinaɣ, d s usekkil Aɛrab
*Injil n Lukas s Tmaziɣt n Waṭlas Alemmas - Murakuc / Meṛṛuk 
* Arkawal Amaynu (Nouveau Testament) S Tmaziɣt Tamajaq n Itargiyen n Ayer di Agadez, Ennijer
Maṣer

Tamurt n  **Maṣer** (s Teɛṛabt: مصر) tella deg Tefriqt n ugafa. Isem-ines unṣib d **Tagduda Taɛṛabt n Maṣer** (s Teɛṛabt جمهورية مصر العربية). Tamanaɣt-ines d Lqahiṛa , tutlayt-ines tunṣibt d taɛrabt, maca tutlayt taqburt-ines d taqibṭit. 

Di 2020 zedɣen deg **Maṣer** 95,000,000 n yimdanen.

## Amezruy
Tamurt n Maṣer tettuneḥsab si tid i d-yecfan i tɣermiwin tiqburin maḍi, tɛedda-d ɣef waṭas n tilla deg umezruy : tallit tafeṛɛunit, tallit taṛumanit, tagrigit ( tabizanṭit), tallit n tneslemt, d tallit n wass-a.

### Aɛṛaben
Maṣer tella seg yimeḍqan imezwura i kecmen waɛraben segmi d-yennulfa din n tneslemt, dɣa syin i d-ldin abrid ɣer Tefriqt Ugafa s lekmal-is. Asteɛmer-is yeḍra-d seddaw unabaḍ n Ɛumar ibn Lxeṭṭab, ɣef ufus n Ɛemru Ben Lɛaṣ (592-682) mi tt-id-ikksen i Ibizaṭiyen i llan ṭṭfen-tt lawan-nni. Imezdaɣ n Maṣer imir tuget seg-sen llan d imasiḥiyen (tacḍaṭ taqebṭit) ttmeslayen tutlayt-nsen tajaddit taqebṭit i d-yeqqersen seg tin Iferɛunen ; ɣef wakken d-ttɛawaden imazrayen, nnan-dd akeččum ines yeḍra-dd es tekriṭ ed yidammen, ed yimyaten en yigiman imaṣriyen i yettwaɛdmen, ladɣa wid yugin ad ḍefren taddiyanit tamaynut i d-wwin imnekcamen.

## Tarakalt
### Tarakalt tadeblant

# Al Tiskandart (Taskendrit) الإسكندرية
# Aswan (Aswan) أسوان
# Asyut (Asyuṭ) أسيوط
# Buhaira (**البحيرة** *[[al-Buhaira]]*)
# Bani Suwaif (**بني سويف** *[[Banī Suwaif]]*, *Benī Swēf*)
# Kairo (**القاهرة** *[[al-Qāhira]]*)
# Daqahliyya (**الدقهلية** *[[ad-Daqahliyya]]*)
# Damietta/Dumyat (**دمياط** *[[Dumyāt]]*)
# Fayyum (**الفيوم** *[[al-Fayyūm]]*)
# Gharbiyya (**الغربية** *[[al-Gharbiyya]]*)
# Gise (**الجيزة** *[[al-Dschīza]]*, *el-Gīza*)
# Ismailia (**الإسماعيلية** *[[al-Ismāʿīliyya]]*)
# Kafr asch-Scheich (**كفر الشيخ** *[[Kafr asch-Schaich]]*, *Kafr esch-Schēch)*
# Matruh (**مطروح** *[[Matrūh]]*)
# Minya (**المنيا** *[[al-Minyā]]*)
# Minufiyya (**المنوفية** *[[al-Minūfiyya]]*)
# Wadi al-Dschadid (**الوادي الجديد** *[[al-Wādi al-Dschadīd]]*, *el-Wādi el-Gedīd*)
# Nord-Sinai (**شمال سيناء** *[[Schamāl Sīnāʾ]]*)
# Port Said (**بور سعيد** *[[Būr Saʿīd]]*)
# Qalyubiyya (**القليوبية** *[[al-Qalyūbiyya]]*, *el-Alyūbiyya*)
# Qina (Lqena) قنا
# Rout Mier (**البحر الأحمر** *[[al-Bahr al-ahmar]]*)
# Scharqiyya (**الشرقية** *[[asch-Scharqiyya]]*)
# Suhaj (Suhaǧ) سوهاج
# Süd-Sinai (**جنوب سيناء** *[[Dschanūb Sīnāʾ]]*, *Genūb Sīnā*)
# Suez (**السويس** *[[as-Suwais]]*, *es-Swēs*)
# Al Uqsur (Leqṣer) الأقصر

## Ajjed
### Inselmen
Atmaten Inselmen Wid ixelqen tarbaɛt agi d Ḥasan Al Banna akk d Sayed Quṭb.

### Iqubṭiyen
Surya

Tamurt n **Surya** tezga-d g wenẓul ataram n Asya , isem-is unṣib d *Tigduda Taɛrabt n Surya* (s teɛrabt الجمهورية العربية السورية) tamanaɣt ines Dimacq . tutlayt-is tunsibt d taɛrabt.
Urdun

Tamurt n **Urdun** tella deg wenẓul ataram n Asya: Isem-is unṣib d *Tagelda Tahacimit n Urdun* (s teɛrabt المملكة الهاشمية الأردنية). Tamaneɣt ines d Ɛemman. Tutlayt-is tunsibt d taɛrabt.
Uṛacalim

**Lquds** neɣ **Uṛcalim**  d tamanaɣt n tmurt n Israyil tebɣat Falasṭin, qqaren-as s tɛebrit ירושלים (*Yerucalayim*), s teɛrabt *Al Quds* القدس neɣ *Urcalim Al Qods أورشاليم القدس*. I tamdint-agi azal ɣur ladyan aṭas.

## Amezruy
Imaziɣen, agellid-nsen n zik, Cicnaq (win yuɣalen d ferɛun n Maṣer) yekcem tamdint almi yella deg-s ugellid Ribuwam.

## Ajjed
D tamdint i yesɛan azal ameqqran ɣur udayen acku deg-s i yella aẓekka n Sliman yegra-d deg yiwen n lḥiḍ qqaren-as Ḥiḍ n imeṭṭi. Yerna tesɛa azal ameqqran ɣur inselmen acku yella deg-s Tamezgida n Laqṣa y d yessali Brahim ; ɣur imasiḥiyen axaṭar acku i yemmut Ɛisa.
Le Soir d'Algérie

**Le Soir d'Algérie** ("Tameddit n Dzayer") d aɣmis (ajernan) azzayri yettwarun s tefransist. 
## Azday (aseɣwen) aberrani

Asmel (adeg) n weɣmis
El Watan

**El-Watan** ("Tamurt") d aɣmis (ajernan) azzayri yettwarun s tefransist (ɣas akken isem-is d awal s teɛrabt, yettwarun s ugemmay alatini).

## Azday (aseɣwen) aberrani
Asmel (adeg) n weɣmis 
* El-Watan toolbar
Tel Aviv

**Tel Aviv** (s teɛebrit תל אביב = *tawrirt n tafsut*) yella d tamdint n Israyil. Tel Aviv d taɣremt tatrart, azal-is azal tamanaɣt tasertit n tamurt n Israyil maca, ala, tamanaɣt n Israyil teqqim Orcalim. Tella Tel Aviv tamanaɣt tadamsant, yella g yes asagen i ism-is Yaffa, amaffag taseddawit

## Isem
*Tel* s teɛbrit lmaɛna-s d "tawrirt", *Aviv* lmaɛna-s d "tafsut" : "Tawrirt n Tafsut". Yella ism-is seg wedlis n Yeḥezqel (Ézéchiel) 3:15.
London

Tamdint n **London** d tamanaɣt n tmurt n Langliz.

## Igemmamen n London

### Central London

Ad nezmer ad nebḍu London Alemmas (Central London) deg krad (03) imuren : 

*City, d ul amezruyan n temdint n London ;
*West End, ay deg illa agemmam ameqran n  Westminster ;
*South Bank, deg yiri anẓulan n Temes.

### Inner London

*Camden ;
*Greenwich ;
*Hackney ;
*Hammersmith ed Fulham ;
*Islington ;
*Kensington ed Chelsea ;
*Lambeth ;
*Lewisham ;
*Southwark ;
*Tower Hamlets ;
*Wandsworth ;
*Tamdint n Westminster.

### Outer London

Deg Outer London ad naf Barking ed Dagenham, Barnet, Bexley, Brent, Bromley, Croydon, Ealing, Enfield, Haringey, Harrow, Havering, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Kingston upon Thames, Merton, Newham, Redbridge, Richmond upon Thames, Sutton, Waltham Forest.
Dublin

Tamdint n **Dublin** (Baile Átha Cliath [blʲa:ˈklʲiəh] s Tirlandit (Gaeilge (Gaylxa))) d tamanaɣt n tmurt n Irland.
Istambul

Taɣṛemt n **Isṭanbul** *Sṭambul* d taɣṛemt  tis snat n Tmurt n Tuṛkya . Zik tella tamanaɣt ines.
Tesɛa 13 imelyan n imezdaɣ (akken i d-tenna TUIK g useggʷas n 2007) 
Tesɛa yun uḍar deg Turuft, wayed deg Asya, ulac taɣṛemt nniḍen deg umaḍal amm nettat yebḍan ɣef sin xas azgen i meqren yezga-d g Asya, maca Isṭanbul tecba mlih tiɣeṛmin n Turuft

= Timezzayin =

Tamdint n Sṭambul tebḍa af 31 n timezzayin, garasent llant :

* Beşiktaş
* Beyoğlu
* Eminönü
* Esenler
* Eyüp
* Fenerbahçe
* Kadıköy
* Maltepe
* Sarıyer
* Ümraniye
* Üsküdar
* Tarabya
* Kartal

= Tarakalt =

Tamdint n Sṭambul tezgad gar Asia d Turuft ygezmits g'ulemmas ilel n Marmara d ilel Aberkan abrid b'w aman Bosfor yessiweḍ garasen, tamdint n Sṭambul tmoqer aṭas tura g yal snat timiwin n'u Bosfor tswadlent s tamdint n Sṭambul.
Spenyul

Tamurt n **Spenyul** d amaslaḍ di Tadukli n Tmura n Turuft (UE). Tezga-d deg unẓul utrim n Turuft akked deg Tefriqt n Ugafa. 
Tamanaɣt-is d Madrid.

Deg aneẓaw n turuft tḥerr amur ameqran seg tazunegzirt n Iberia. Ama deg tefriqt n ugafa, tesɛa snat n timdinin deg wakal n umeṛṛuk Sebta
akked Mlilt.

Deg Ilel Agrakal tesɛa Tigzirin Baleares. Ama deg ugaraw aṭlantik tesɛa Tigzirin Tiknariyin. 
Ɣef leḥsab n tmenḍawt n Spanya deg amagrad wis 3.1 n usaḍuf, **el castellano** Taspanyulit d tutalyt tunṣibt n uwanak. G aseggas n 2012 tella d tutalyt tayemmat n 82% n yespenyuliyen.

Ɣef leḥsab n umagrad wis 3.2 n usaḍuf aspanyuli, tutlayin tispenyuliyin nniḍen d tuniṣibin deg timnaḍin-nsent af leḥsab n uẓayer-nsent (Amedya : tutlayt takatalanit g tamnaḍt n Katalunya).

Spanya tesɛa anezmar ameqran i tmerrit (Tourisme), tella tamurt tis 3 anda rzan medden g 2016 s wazal n 75,3 imelyunen n yinerzafen. 
Annect-a n tmerrit yefka tayett tameqrant i tadamsa taspanyulit.

Adriz(latar) n bnadem amezwaru (win yegan am ṣṣenf n imdanen Homo) di tmurt n Spanya, yesɛa 1,2 n imelyunen n iseggasen uqbel tura. Ufan agamis n yiwen n umdan n ṣṣenf Homo di tama n Atapuerca g ugafa n tmurt.

G lqern wis 3, tekcem Ruma Rome ar tazunegzirt n Iberia

## Timnaḍin n Spanya (autonomías)

*Wandlus
*Aragun
*Asturyas
*Tigzirin Balears
*Euskadi
*Tigzirin Tiknariyin 
*Kantarbya
*Kasṭilya La Mancha
*Kasṭilya ed Léon
*Katalunya
*Extremadura
*Galisya
*Tamnaḍt n Mursiya
*Navarra
*La Rioja
*Tamnaḍt n Valensya

Plazas de soberanía (deg wakal n Umerruk) 
*Sebta
*Mlilt

* Commons
Guantanamo

Tamdint n **Guantanamo** tezga-d g tmurt n Kuba, maca wi tt-ilan d USA, yesɛan deg-s axxam n lɛasker ak d lḥebs.
Kuba

Tamurt n **Kuba** (s tespanyulit *Cuba*), tezga-d g Tamrikt n Wenẓul neɣ Tamrikt Talatinit. Tutlayt is taspanyulit, aselway ines Fidel Kastro tamaneɣt-is Habana.
Kefrida

Taddart n **Kefrida** tezga-d g temnaṭṭ n Bgayet qrib n At Idris deg Tasaxriwt. Deg-s acercur yettwasnen.
## Ẓer daɣen
*Acercur n Kefrida
Ikurdiyen

Agdud n **Ikurdiyen** yella g Ɛiraq yerna deg Tturk  Ttmeslayen tutlayt takurdit. Tamurt anda zedɣen, isem-is Kurdistan, maca ur sɛin ara tamurt imzireg i nutni kan. Yiwen deg imeqqranen n tagrawla nsen af uzarug, isem-is Ɛabdellah Uǧalan.

## Tiwelhiwin
Honcu

**Honcu** (neɣ **Honshu**) d tigzirt tameqqrant n tmurt n Japon. Deks Timdinin timeqqranin am Tokyo (tamanaɣt n tmurt), Hiroshima, Kawasaki, Kobe, Kyoto, Nagoya, Nara, Osaka, Sendai, Yokohama atg.
Cadli Benjdid

**Cadli Benjdid** yella d aselway n Tegdut n Dzayer seg 7 furar 1979 almi 11 yennayer 1992. Ilul deg Sebɛa (Tadayra n Butelja, Ṭṭaṛef) ass n 14 ibrir 1929 yemmut ass n 6 tuber 2012 deg sbiṭaṛ n Usaka n Qsenṭina (Dzayer Tamaneɣt).

Di lweqt n ṭṭrad mgal Fransa yekcem deg ALN. Akked usarug n dzayer yuɣal ad yexdem g lɛesker. Asmi yemmut Hewwari Bumedyen, Cadli yella d yiwen amdan i yesɛan legrad ameqqeran akk: Colonel. Lɛesker deg lweqt-nni bɣan amdan am netta deg wemkan n Bumedyen.

Cadli yebɣa ad yeffeɣ seg Tanemla (socialisme) axaṭer dzayer texser aṭas idrimen, meɛna azal n lpitrul iṣubb aṭas di lḥekm-is. Idzayriyen inṭarren (deg tazwara-nsen ilmaẓyen) ffɣen-d ɣer iberden ass n 5 tubar 1988 anida yekker umennuɣ ameqqran. Ayen i d-yeḍran ussan-nni yettwasen s Tubar 88 (Octobre 88). Ihi Cadli yexdem tamendawt (constitution) tamaynut, yeǧǧa akk ikabaren, seg-sen FFS, RCD, FIS. Cadli yebɣa ad yerbeḥ lvoṭ s ukabar ines (FLN) lameɛna idzayriyen voṭan FIS.

Xaled Neẓẓar, i yellan d aneɣlaf n lɛesker g lweqt-nni, yura g wedlis ines belli yanna-yas i Cadli "Ilaq-ak ad teǧǧeḍ amkan-ik akken ad neḥbes lvoṭ". Cadli yeqbel ayen yenna-yas-d Nezzar. Akabar n FIS ur yeqbil ara, bdan rrebrab mgal lɛesker u yebda ṭrad gar-asen. 

Ɣer taggara n tudert-is, Cadli yettili d tmeṭṭut-is deg Wehran.
Fuket

**Fuket** neɣ **Phuket** d tigzirt d tamnaḍt n tmurt n Tayland, yennul-itt-id tsunami g useggas n 2004 (26 bujember).
Diana Spencer

**Diana Spencer**, tageldunt n Yigaliyen tlul-d ass n 1 yulyu 1961 g Sandringham deg Legliz tejweǧ d ugeldun Carl Windsor ass n 29 yulyu 1981 tebra-yas g useggas n 1996, temmut ass n 31 ɣuct 1997 s ddaw tileggit n Alma g temdint n Paris akk d umdakkel-is ameṣri Dudi Alfayed.

Twasen s yisem n **Lady Di** neɣ **Lady Diana**, tiffefeɣt tella tqaras tageldunt Diana maca awal-agi mači n tides axaṭer neqqar issem n tgeldunt i tageldunt n idammen.

Tella daɣen tettwasen f cɣal-is n lxir d wayen yelhan i ugellilen d imuḍan.
Seg wass mi twaxḍeb d ugeldun Carl Windsor n lGal g useggas n 1981 armi temmut g useggas n 1997 sddaw n tileggit n l’Alma g Pari s laksida n tkarrust, **Diana**, tella tameṭṭut gar tullas timsunin g ddunit , d tin i thibi yal agdud, akter tagellidt Elizabet II.
Federiko Garcia Lorka

**Federiko Garcia Lorka**, amedyaz aspanyuli isem-is s tespanyulit *Federico Gracía Lorca*, ilul g 5 yunyu 1898 yemmut ass n 19 ɣuct 1936 yella g tarbaɛt n tasuta n 27.
Tsunami

**Tsunami** (seg ajapuni 津波, tsu nami, meskuli « tayyugt n usagen ») d amazrar n timdeswalin n tallit tameqrant aṭas yetzreɛen seg tawennaḍt n waman (agaraw, ilel neɣ agelmim), yussad seg taswiɛt kan n awliwel n ubleɣ ameqran n waman, yettwaweḍen sɣur tizenzelt, tuccḍa n wakal adu-awlal neɣ aṭṭerḍeq n uburkan, dɣa yezmer ad yuɣal tayyugin tisedramin timeqranin.seba tamezwarut n tsu nami d zenzela iwaken asma ad yetru aherek n thedrin n umadal yetili deg ljiha lebher ma yella Almessi ye9reb ad yali lemwaj n waman .

## Tiwelhiwin
HANA AISSOU 

23/04/2024
Zenzla

**Targaga** neɣ **Zzenzla** (awal n zenzla yekka-d seg Darja: *زنزلة* id yellan s iman-is seg Tserɣint: *زلزال*) d yiwet n tumant tagmawant igan d argigi neɣ d tazrart n irgigiyen yettemyadfaren deg tiggi n tegnit (lqaɛa).

## Zennazel g ddunit

*Zenzla n Tturk
*Zenzla n Bumerdes ass n 21 magu 2003 tewwet-d g Dzayer tamanaɣt, lamaɛna yella ammas ines g tamdint n Bumerdes
*Zenzla n Iran
*Zenzla n Sumatra
21 mayyu

Ass **21 [[mayyu]]** (**maggu**) d ass wis 141 n useggas (wis 142 deg iseggasen bisekstil). Llan 224 wussan deffir-es ar taggara n useggas.

## Ayen yeḍran
* 2003 : argigi n wakal (zenzla) di tmurt n Dzayer, temɣer-is d 6,7 deg teskala n Richter. Ammas ines g temdint n Bumerdas. Mmuten azal n 2047 yemdanen, yerna feddxen 8626.
Tasdawit n Bab Zzewwar

**Tasdawit n Bab Ezzewar** isem-is  unṣib d **Tasdawit n Tussniwin d Tisnumka Hewwari Bumedyen** (USTHB) tezga-d deg tɣiwant n Bab Zzewwar deg tiɣremt n Lezzayer Tamanaɣt.

## Tiwelhiwin
570

## Ayen yeḍran

## Wid ilulen
*ilul Muḥammed u ƐAbd Allāh u ƐAbd al-Muṭṭalib n At Qurayc g temdint n Mekka. Aɛraben semman aseggas-agi d "*aseggas n lfil*".

## Wid immuten
*29 yennayer - Sidi Gildas (semman-as d "Gildas Sapiens"), lwali n tmasiḥit, yemmut deg Langliz.
Tansa IP

**Tansa IP** d amḍan imettel yiwen uselkim g l'internet, s umata imettel yal tiɣawsiwin n l'informatique g network am l'imprimante, router.. atg.

Tansa IP d amḍan Hexadecimal, meɛna nettaru-t s decimal : FF yuɣal 255, A2 yuɣal 162, 24 yuɣal 36. Llan sin tisiwal : IPv4 d IPv6 :

*IPv4 ɣur-s 4 imḍanen, yal amḍan ɣur-s sin izwilen : s umedya tella tansa IP C0.A8.00.01 (nettaru-t 192.168.0.1). Meɛna s tsiwelt-agi ur nezmir ara ad nernu kter n 232 neɣ 4 294 967 296 n tansa IP. Ihi, xelqen tansa IP tasiwelt 6.
*IPv6 ɣur-s 6 imḍanen, am v4 yal amḍan ɣur-s sin izwilen.
Lqern wis 21

Lqern wis 18 | Lqern wis 19 | Lqern wis 20 | **Lqern wis 21**


Iseggasen 2000 | Iseggasen 2010 | Iseggasen 2020 | Iseggasen 2030 | Iseggasen 2040

Iseggasen 2050 | Iseggasen 2060 | Iseggasen 2070 | Iseggasen 2080 | Iseggasen 2090






**Lqern wis 21 ** d tallit n wakud tebda deg wass n 1 yennayer 2001 ad tfakk ass n 31 dujamber 2100. Tawsit-a tga d tasut tamezwarut deg tangimt tis 3

## [[Taswast]]

## Inelfuyen
### Deg tsartit
* 2001: tiytiwin n 11 ctember di Manhattan ayen id yeglan s 2 976 inemkasen (lmuta) d 6 000 n imagusen (wid yettwajerḥen) 
* Amsenɣi n Afɣanistan igan d amur seg amsenɣi mgal taremmiɣt 
* Isek agraɣlan ɣef usnefli asulan deg 2002 yesdukkel ugar n 100 n iselwayen n tmura d wazal n 60 000 n imdanen
* 2003: Asenti n Anbaẓ n Lɛiraq 
* 2004: 10 n tmura letɣent (kecment) ar tiddukla n Uruppa 
* 2008: Barack Obama yerna (yerbeḥ) deg tifranin n Marikan, s wakka ad yili d aselway aberkan amezwaru ara ad yeṭṭfen Marikan
* 2010- 2012: Asenti n tegrawliwin n tefsut taserɣint ayen id yeglan s uɣelluy n 4 n inagrawen 
* 2011: Anfufed n umsenɣi aɣarim n Surya s usrag n tefsut taserɣint 
* 2013: Tanekra n usuddes n uwanak ineslem

## ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tasut tis 20
Claymore

**Claymore** d awal yesɛan kra n inumak :

***[[Claymore (ssif)]]**.
***[[Claymore (manga)]]** (Manga u d anime).
Lqern wis 20

Lqern wis 17 | Lqern wis 18 | Lqern wis 19 | **Lqern wis 20** | Tasut tis 21 


Iseggasen 1900 | Iseggasen 1910 | Iseggasen 1920 | Iseggasen 1930 | Iseggasen 1940

Iseggasen 1950 | Iseggasen 1960 | Iseggasen 1970 | Iseggasen 1980 | Iseggasen 1990





----

**Lqern wis 20** d talit n wakud i y-sentayen (i beddun) seg wass n 1 yennayer 1901 tettfakka ass n 31 dujamber 2000. Tasut tis 20 d tallit yeččuren d inelfuyen (ineḍruyen) imazrayen am umsenɣi amadalan amezwaru d 
wis sin. Yakk d tneflit meqqren n illalen n umesni d usiwel. S umata, tasut tis 20 tella d tallit anda teǧǧuǧǧeg teknussna

## Inelfuyen
* Tanekra n umsenɣi Aliban-Aṭelyan aseggas n 1911
* Tamsetna tafṛensist ɣef Umeṛṛuk aseggas n 1912
* Tanekra n umsenɣi amadalan amenzu deg useggas n 1914 ayen i d-yeglan s uɣelluy n umenkud awetman aseggas n 1923 
* Anuɣ n Gallipoli gar n 1915 d 1916 
* Tagrawla n tuber di tmurt n Rusya aseggas n 1917 
* Azarug n Afɣanistan 1919
* Tamyaqqant n Versailles deg wass n 28 yunyu 1919 
* Tanekra n umsenɣi amadlan wis sin aseggas n 1939 
* Azarug n Lubnan aseggas n 1943 
* Azarug n Surya aseggas n 1946
* Azarug n Urdun aseggas n 1946
* Tanekra n umsenɣ n 1948 gar n iserɣinen d Israyel
* Tanekra n umsenɣi n Kurya aseggas n 1950 
* Azarug n Libya aseggas n 1951 
* Tanekra n tegrawla n 1952 di Miẓran 
* Tanekra n umsenɣi asemmaṭ gar n Iwunak Yeddukklen n Marikan d tiddukla n Suvyit deg useggas n 1954
* Tanekra n tagrawla taslullit n Lezzayer aseggas n 1954 
* Azarug n Sudan deg 1956
* Tazɣint n Sswis deg 1956
* Azarug n Tunes d Umeṛṛuk aseggas n 1956 
* Tanekra n umsenɣi n Vietnam deg 1957
* Azarug n Lekwit deg 1961
* Azarug n Lezzayer ass n 5 yulyu 1962
* Amsenɣi n sdis n wussan gar Israyel d iserɣinen
* Tanekra n umsenɣi n tuber 1973 gar n Miẓran d Surya seg tama, Yakk d Israyel seg tama n iden
* Amsenɣi aɣarim n Lubnan deg 1975
* Tikli tazegzawt ass n 6 wamber 1975 
* Tafsut n imaziɣen ass n 20 yebrir 1980 
* Amsenɣi n Iṛan-Iraq deg 1980
* Tanegzart n Hama deg 1982 
* Azarug n Brunei aseggas n 1984
* Tanekra n terawla n yizṛa tamenzut deg Falesṭin aseggas n 1987
* Amsenɣi n uslallu aseggas n 1990 
* Aɣelluy n Teddukla n Suvyit ass n 26 dujamber 1991
* Asekker wis sin aseggas n 2000

## Tugniwin i d-ilulen deg tsut tis 20

## isnulfuyen id yellan deg tsut tis 20
Lubnan

Tezga-d tmurt n **Lubnan** g ugemmud alemmas. Isem-is s teɛrabt لبنان *Lubnān*, neɣ ﺍﻠﺠﻤﻬﻮﺮﻴﺔ ﺍﻠﻠﺒﻨﺎﻨﻴﺔ *al-Ǧumhūriyya al-Lubnāniyya* ("Tigduda n Lubnan"). Tamanaɣt ines d Birut.
Kurya

Tezgad tmurt n **Kurya** g unzul umalu n umenẓaw n Asya, tarakalt-is tecba tigzirt (tapeninsult takuryit) llant sin tikuryatin, Kurya n Wenẓul tamannaɣt-is Seyul, d Kurya n Ugafa tamannaɣt-is Pyungyang, s deffir imenɣi asemmaḍ tebda leqdic i wakken ad aḥyu s gar ayen i d-yugran i wanact-a qqaren-as, "Kurya tadinamikit"

## Tutlayt
Tutlayt n tmurt n Kurya takuryit ttmeslayen syis azal 70 imelyan n ikuryen, neɣ ugar, i zedɣen g tapeninsult takuryit akk d igzirin i d-yezgan zdat-is, d azal 5 imelyan g yal ddunit, llant tintalyin nniḍen maca marra i kuryen tmisfhamen gar-asen axaṭar temkacbin gar-asen.
takuryit, tejjad bac tinekkit-nsen atyli tiferdist
### Agemmay
Agemmay n tutlayt takuryit isem-is Hangul neɣ Hangeul isulf-it-id g 1446 agellid jong ameqqran
Tayidict

Tutlayt n yidic, qqaren-as daɣen tudayit tajermanit d tutlayt i ttmeslayen udayen n tmurt n Lalman, Arjentin, d udayen n timura n turuft n umalu, udayen-nni qqaren-asen Ackinazen.

## Tiwelhiwin
Qsenṭina

Tettwassen temdint n **Qsenṭina** (isem ines amziki: Kirta) s temdint n tiqenṭirin iy yettwaɛellqen agezdu 25.

## Takalirawt

Qsenṭina d-tamdint n wegmuḍ (ccerq) n Dzayer, tezga-dd ɣef yiran n yiwen n wezṛuf d-aɛlayan, nnig wasif n Rumel. D-nettat ay d-tamaneɣt n twilayt n Qsenṭina. Zedɣen tet 438.000 n yimezdaɣen.

## Tadamsa

Qsenṭina d-tamdint tameqqrant n tnezzut (ettijaṛa) akked temguri (industrie) yerna tella deg-s yiwet seg tesdawiyin timeqqranin akk n Dzayer. Zik, Qsenṭina d-yiwen seg temdinin wi ɣur dd-ttasen medden ad lemden

## Amezruy n temdint

Tezga-dd teɣremt n Qsentina deg tma n umalu n tmurt n Dzayer, yella isem is Kirta (Cirta) deg twala n Yinumiden ass nni, tella tamanaɣt n tanumedt Numidia seddaw ufus n Mikiwsen (Misipsa) llan zedɣen deg-s yimzenza Iṛomanen, iderq iten Yugurten, dacu yejjan Caius aselway n umenkud n Roma ad et yekcem, semmant Ayt Roma daɣen *Constantina* ɣef yisem n Konstantin amezwaru.

Eṭṭfen tet Yiɛraben sdeffir nsen, umbaɛd, Iṭorkiyen, umbaɛd Ifransisen yezmir ara Clauzel ad et yekcem deg useggʷas en 1836, maca yekecem itt es deffir-s Vale (Valée) yeqqim deg-s Damermont, aked Lamorsier. 

Tesɛa Qsenṭina tura Tasdawit n Qsenṭina, Amafag en Qsenṭina (Roplan), atg.
Adṛaṛ

* Adrar d Tawilayt g 58 igezdiwin n tamurt n Lezzayer.
* Adrar d tamanaɣt n twilayt n Wedrar.
* Tira n taɣuct n Yidir
Claymore (manga)

***Claymore*** (クレイモア, Kureimoa) d manga yura-t , iresm-it Norihiro Yagi. Ar Yunyu 2007, 13 n tmucuha ffɣen g Tajaponit. Yeffeɣ-d daɣen yiwen anime fell-as.

Tamacahutt ines ɣef yiwet n *calymore*, nutni d azgen (nnefṣ) bnadem,azgen Yoma. Yoma d awaɣzen yeḥmel ad yečč medden. Claymore ttwaxelqen akken ad nɣen Yoma-nni.
Claymore (ssif)

**Claymore** d ssif ameqqran, aberbuz n sin ifassen, tella tettuseqdac sɣur Highlanders (Imnaɣen seg l'ecosse). Tban-d g lqern wis XVI u tella tettuseqdac aṭṭas g lqern wis XVI. ṬṬul-is 1,35m.
Lili Bonic

**Lili Bonic** neɣ (Boniche), acennay adzayri uday mucaɛen aṭas iluled g 1921 g Taqṣebt n Dzayer (Kasba) yemmut ass n 6 meɣres 2008 g Pari g Fransa ycennu aẓewan aɛrab-andalusi yecennu daɣen Ccaɛbi, Rrumba, s taɛrabt tadzayrit d tarumit, ccna ines imeẓẓwi (ḥammlent meden)
yceyɛit babas win yellan argaz uẓewan ula d netta, bac aken a d yeɣar ɣur aselmad Saɛud awahrani Ccix n uẓawen, yekcem daɣen g iɣerbazen n uẓuwen imucaɛen azal Mutribiya d Musiliya
yefkayas anemhal n Rradio n Dzzayer (Radio-Alger) adisider tadwilt n Ḥawzi ass imi yella yesɛa 15 isegwasen gelɛamris 

gar tuɣac ines llan : 

1- ana el warqa el meskina

2- il y a un seul dieu (yiwen rebbi i yellan)

3- Bambino
Lmerruk

**Ameṛṛuk** neɣ **Amurakuc** (s tfinaɣ : ⴰⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ, s Tserɣint: المغرب *Al-Maɣrib*), isem-ines umaddud **Tageldit n Umeṛṛuk** neɣ **Tageldit n Wamurakuc** ( s tifinaɣ: ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ , (s Tmazight: ⵜⴰⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵔⴰⴽⵓⵛ), Al-Mamlakah Al-Maɣribiya) d tamurt tamaziɣt d-yezgan deg ugafa utrim n Tferka, tla (tesɛa) talast akked Lezzayer seg usamar, Muritanya seg unẓul, Agaraw Aṭlasi seg utaram, Ilel Agrakal ugafa, Dɣa ibeṭṭu-tt ɣef Uruppa ugrilel n Ǧibraltaṛ s umeccaqq n 14,4 Km. Tamanaɣt-ines d Rbaṭ.

## Timnaḍin

Llant deg-s 12 n temnaḍin gar-asen : 

# Tanja-Tiṭwan-Elḥusima;
# Agmoḍ (*Oriental*);
# Fas-Meknas;
# Errbaṭ-Sla-Qniṭra;
# Anfa-Seṭṭat;
# Bni Mellal-Xnifṛa;
# Meṛṛakec-Asfi;
# Deṛɛa-Tafilalt;
# Sus-Massa;
# Gelmim-Asif Nun;
# Laɛyun-Tala Tazeggwaɣt;
# Eddaxla-Asif n Wureɣ;

## Timdinin

*Anfa (Tigemmi Tumlilt) 
*Rbaṭ
*Amurakuc
*Agadir
*Fas
*Wejda
*Tin Iggi
*Taɣzut (Lḥusima)
*Nnaḍur
*Ameknas
*Sla neɣ Asla
*War zazat
*Tiṭṭawin
*Xuribga
*Accawen
*Migdelt
*Sefru
*Ayt Mellal
*Asla (Sla)
*Taza
*Mugadur (*Taṣṣurt* neɣ *Eṣṣawira* s Taɛrabt)
*Inezggan
*Aberkan
*Bulman
*Azemmur
*Mazagen (El Jadida s Taɛrabt)
*Asfi
*Tawrirt
*Tawnat
*Tiznit
*Agelmim
*Azru
*Tagwirt
*Ddaxla
*Laɛyun
*Ifran
*Tamlilt neɣ **Mřič** s Tmaziɣt n Arrif (Taɛrabt:Mliliya مليلية) Yella Awdag n Spenyul
*Sebta   Yella Awdag n Spenyul
### Isaffen n Umerruk

*Asif n wansifen
*Bu Regrag
*Asif n Sus
*Asif Nun
*Asif n Ziz
*Iɣzer Umlil
*Melwit

### Idurar

*Tugg kal (Tubqal)
*Adrar n Wanukrim
*Iɣil Mgun
*Adrar n Uɛeyyac (Djebel Ayachi)
*Afella
*Adrar n Tarurt
*Aṭlas ameqqṛan
*Aṭlas alemmas
*Aṭlas ameẓyan
**
**
**
**
**

## Wali
* Tifeffeɣt tamerrukit

## Idlisen


### Liens externes
* Accueil Portail national du Maroc 
* accueil Portail du gouvernement marocain 
* Le Maroc sur Wikivoyage
* Mouvement Almoravide / Extrait de l'Encyclopédie Unversalis
* Extrait de l'encyclopédie Universalis sur les Almoravides
* Extrait de l'encyclopédie Universalis sur les Almohades
* Extrait de l'encyclopédie Universalis sur Abd el Mu'min disciple de Ibn Tumart et premier calife Almohade
* Extrait de l'encyclopédie Universalis sur Ibn Tumart fondateur du mouvement Almohade
* MSN Encarta / Dynastie des Mérinides 
* Encyclopédie Universalis / Les Mérinides
Muḥemmed Buḍyaf

**Muḥemmed Buḍyaf**, s taɛrabt  محمد بوضياف, ilul ass n 23 yunyu 1919 di temnaḍt n Wled Madi deg Lwilaya n Temsilt. asmi yeḥbes ulmud-is deg useggas n 1942, yekcem ɣer uxeddim ɣer srabes n Leɣrama di temnaḍt n Jijel. Syen yekcem ɣer ukabar n waɣref Azzayri (PPA) anda yuɣal d aɣalat n tudsa n lbaḍna (OS) di temnaḍt n Qsenṭina deg useggas n 1947.

Di 1950, icureɛ, anda i ḥekmen fell-as s lḥebs. 3 n yiseggasen mbeɛd (1953) yunag ɣer tmurt n Fransa, syen yekcem ɣer ukabar n MTLD. Ur iɛeṭṭel ara, ikcem-d ɣer tmurt n Lezzayer anda yuɣal d imḍebber aɛlayan n tudsa n C.R.U.A. (Comité Révolutionnaire pour l’Unité et Action), yella daɣen ger terbaɛt n 22 i yessekren tagrawla n tmurt n Lezzayer ass n umenzu n wember 1954. Deg tuber 1956 yettwaṭṭef netta akked yimeddukal-is gar-asen At Ḥmed d wiyiḍ di tmesrifegt i ten-id-yewwin seg tmurt n Lmerruk ɣer Tunes. Asmi tefra tegrawla tazzayrit, mass Mohamed Boudiaf islul-d Akabar n Tegrawla tanemlayt (Parti de la Révolution Socialiste).

Deg yunyu 1963 yettwaḥbes s wufus n Ben Bella, ɛezlen-t ɣer unẓul n tmurt n Lezzayer azal n 3 n wagguren, syen iruḥ ɣer tmurt n Lmerruk. Aseggas n 1972, yettruḥ yettuɣal ger tmurt n Fransa d tmurt n Lmerruk, iqeddec ɣef ukabar-is (P.R.S.) am wakken i iqeddec daɣen deg yiwet n tesɣunt El Djarida, anda yella d imḍebber fell-as. Mbeɛd tamettant n uselway Azzayri Hewwari Bumedyen deg useggas n1979, yerra talast i ukabar-is P.R.S, yuɣal ixeddem i lfayda-s deg lewzin n Lyajur di temnaḍt n Kénitra di Lmerruk. Ass n 14 yennayer 1992, Mohamed Boudiaf yuɣal-d ɣer tmurt n Lezzayer akken ad yejber iɣisi yewten di tmurt, imi lawan-nni yal tazɣunt tettɛummu di Lezzayer. Imḍebbren n tallit –nni teffeɣ-asen afus, gguman ad d-afen abrid ara yessufɣen ɣer tifrat, imi zzhir yuɣ tuddar d temdinin. Dɣa Mohamed Boudiaf yellan yettwanfa mi akken tufrar tagut ɣef tmurt imi tiktiwin-is mgaradent aṭas ɣef tid n wid yeṭṭfen adabu s yiɣil, yugi leḥkem n leɣder, leḥkem n ukabar awḥid, yerra-d i teɣri n tmurt-is, yenna dakken talwit d tifrat n tmurt n Lezzayer ad ilint s tugdut. Yewwi-d yid-s amecwar ɣezzifen, yebda lebni n tmurt ɣef tidet. 166 n wussan kan iruḥ niqal yerra-d asirem i ugdud azzayri, yerra-d ifadden i yimdanen i ifeclen niqal, yerra-d tayri ɣer wulawen, yesfeḍ asigna ɣef tmurt, maca iɛdawen n tmurt akked tudert zgan ɛussen di yal amḍiq di yal lawan. Imi, ass n 29 yunyu 1992 ɣef 11h15, tamurt n Lezzayer yeɣli-yas ujgu alemmas, yeɣli yiwen n urgaz yesɛan azal, yesrafeg usirem, imi Mohamed Boudiaf nɣan-t yemcumen di temdint n Ɛennaba.
Timimun

**Timimun** tezga-d g unẓul n tamurt n Lezzayer qarn-as Tmda Azgwar, d tamanaɣt n tmannaṭ n Tagurart i yebdan f kuz (4) tmannatin, g unẓul Carwin deg ugafa Tinerkuk g umalu Ugrut d Timimun.
Timegnunin

Tezga-d taddart n **Timegnunin** g agezday n Tizi Wezzu  assuun n At Dwala, llan gyes azal n 200 imuzdaɣ g aseggas n 1974 tesaxed taddart g mi edwet lahwa.
Azemmur (imɣi)

**Azemmurt** (assaɣ usnan: *Olea europaea*) d aseklu yeṭṭafaren tawacult n tzemrawt deg tfesna n timessferranin. Dɣa azemmur d imɣi ameɣlal n tizzegzut.
Yettwagru (yettwalqad) deg aẓiyen n unezwu agraklan i  ugummu-ynes, azemmur d-yettaken tayla i asexdemen aṭas ifganen acku meqqer wazal-is ɣer deg usewwi

Tazemmurt tettwassen s-ɣur imiẓranen imzikiyen ugar n 20 iwinsen send n tlallit, Daɣen, d yiwet deg yimghan(lehcawec) i bderen aṭas deg Tibibelt. Seg Taglest, tazemmurt d azamul n temdint n Atena dɣa n taṛebbit-is. Tuẓẓut n tzemmurt teṭṭef deg umaḍal  ihektaren i tafarest n  n iṭunen n izemran.

## Afaris
**Tazemurt** d aseklu id-ittaken tayla uzemmur.
Illa di yal tamurt n yilel agrakal

## Tudert n tzemmurt
Azemmur d imɣi imezgi imi tezmer ad yidir ugar n 3000 n iseggasen

## Tazemmurt di Tmurt n Ieqbayeliyen

Deg tmurt n Ieqbayeliyen azemmur ila (yesɛa) azal ameqran. Timizar n Yeqbayliyen ččurent d azemmur i nessxdam ama i wučči ama i weznuz deg ilzuzen. 

Dɣa Tamurt n Yeqbayliyen tettwasen s wazal i fkan imezdaɣ-is i wzemmur d wammad-is. Aṭas n twaculin i yebdan suddusent (ttheggint) iman-nsent akken ad ffɣen ɣer urti ad grun (ad leqḍent) azemmur.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Olive-tree-fruit-august-0.jpg/220px-Olive-tree-fruit-august-0.jpg
Skikda

**Skikda** (isem-is n zik Philippeville) d tamdint seg tmurt n Lezzayer. Skikda d tamanaɣt n twilayt n Skikda.

## Tiwelhiwin
Brazil

**Brazil** d isem n tmurt d-yezgan di Temrikt n Unẓul, tamanaɣt-ines d Brasilia. Zedɣen-tt 183.888.941 n imdanen.
Bumerdas

**Bumerdas** (s taɛrabt: , **Rocher Noir** s tasehrest taṛumit), d yiwet  taɣiwant n tawilayt n Bumerdas, deg tadayṛa n Bumerdas, d nettat id adeg-aɣella, tella ar  deg ugmuḍ n Zzayer dɣa ar  deg umalu n Tizi Wezzu.

Di tama n Bumerdas, llant aṭas n tuddar anda urɛd ttemslayen s teqbaylit amazun tuddar n At Aɛmran, At Xelfun, Tijelabin.
Kuriṭiba

**Kuriṭiba** (*Curitiba*) d tamdint deg wanẓul n Brazil. Curitiba tesɛa azal n 1.788.559 n imezdaɣ (leḥṣab n 2007) s tajumma n 434,967 km².

## Iseddagen & Izdayen Iberraniyen
* Web Curitiba
* Turizm
* Commons:Curitiba
Tajmaɛt

**Tajmaɛt** neɣ **tajmayt** (agraw d aɣ) d anegrew ay teggen (xeddmen) leɛṛac di tmurt n iqbayliyen, iwakken ad mmeslayen af iɣlifen n yemdanen.
Agdud

**Agdud** d agraw n yimdanen, wid yettawin neɣ yettaɣen awal n kra n umahil d twuri i yezzin fell-asen. Deg waṭas n wakuden amahil-a yettili d addal neɣ d taẓuri neɣ d tira, Amdan n ugdud d win yettilin seg kra n imrawen (10) am istudyuten deg tedwilin n tiliẓri ar kra n timad (+100) am taẓallit deg tmezgida d tamezdayt akken yezmer ad yugar aṭas n yigime (+1000) am temliliyin n waddal deg inurar. Dɣa ikerwaten (imɛellmen) zemren ad gren imekcumen meqqren n wedrim seg wegdud, Amedya s usenzi n tnigiyin i wnekcum n wannar n temlilit

## Amgarad gar n wegdud d weɣref
**Agdud** 
* Yezmer ad yessdukkel aṭas n imdanen n yidlsan d tutlayin yemgaraden deg tayri n yiwet n tɣawsa
* Igmanen-is zmeren ad ilin udesen neɣ aggugen gugar-asen 
* Ur d-tt-gin ara awanek neɣ timetti 

**Aɣref** 
* Yezdi deg yidles d tutlayt d umezruy (deg yiwet deg-sent ma drus) 
* Yettili deg yiwet n tmurt d uwanak
* D win id yettgin awanak ibedden ɣef ayen yezdin igmanen-is

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Wamber

**Wamber** (neɣ **nwamber**, **nunber**, **nunember**) d ayyur wis 11 n useggas. Yella daɣen ayyur wis 3 n wamwal (lexrif) deg wezgen n ugafa n umaḍal ; ayyur wis 3 n tefsut deg wezgen n wanẓul.

## Ayen yeḍran
* 1 wember 1954 ṭṭerḍqent tirṣaṣin timezwura n tgrawla n wegdud azzayri (Tatusant tazeggaɣt).
Tifeffeɣt tamerrukit

; Tifeffeɣt tamerrukit yettwarun s tefransist

*Aujourd'hui le Maroc

; Tifeffeɣt tamerrukit yettwarun s teɛrabt

* Aṣ-Ṣaḥara Al-Maɣribiya (الصحراء المغربية)

; Tifeffeɣt tamerrukit yettwarun s tmaziɣt

*Tawiza
Ooredoo (Lezzayer)

**Ooredoo** (Isem-is aqdim: Nedjma (نجمة) s taɛrabt awal anamak ines "itri") d ansexdam n tilifun wis krad (3) g tamurt n Lezzayer (operatur n tilifun), zdeffir Mobilis d Djezzy isem-agi d yisem n lmarka tamzenzit n Asawal-amaway n Wataniya Télécom Algérie, annect-a, d agla n Wataniya Telecome Kuwit, tesɛa azal n 4,000,000 (ukuz imelyan) n imsaben.

## Ifarisen n Nedjma
*Nedjma Plus.
*Carte Star.
*La 55.
*Illimite.

Asmel n Nedjma (fr) 
ZhoO
Yebrir

**Yebrir** d ayyur wis 4 n useggas, ger meɣres d mayyu .Deg was n 20 di yebrir leqbayel ttmektayen tafsut n 80. Qqaren leqbayel : Iṭij n yebrir yessebrak anyir .
Ɣuct

**Ɣuct** (s Tifinaɣ: **ⵖⵓⵛⵜ**) d ayyur wis 8 deg teswast tagrigurt. Igber seg 31 n wussan.
Isem n wayyur ayi yekka-d seg yisem n umenkud aṛuman Augustus. Yettemsasa yakk d usarya n weyrad id-isgensisen tadusi d tmess
Tasiwit

**Tasiwit** (s Tsiwit: **Jlan isiwan**, s Tifinaɣ: **ⵊⵍⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵡⴰⵏ**) d tutlayt tamaziɣt yeṭṭafaren afurk n tutlayin timaziɣin tisemranin, ttmeslayen yis n imezdaɣ n Isiwan (Siwa) i d-yezgan deg ugafa utrim n tmurt n Miẓra. Amdan n yimsawalen s tutlayt-a d win yellan gar n 20,000 alamma 45,000 n imsawalen.

## Amawal

## Tiwelhiwin
Lɛerbi Benmhidi

Ilul-d **Lɛerbi Benmhidi** deg Temlilt n useggas n 1923, yeɣra Leqran sakkin yekcem ɣer uɣerbaz n ifransisen maca staxren-t-id sinna, imir-nni iruḥ akked baba-s ar Tbeskert anda yeṭṭef taɣuri ines deg uɣerbaz agla n Tiddukla n Imusnawen Inselmen Idzayriyen. 
yekcem deg ukabar n weɣlef azzayri, yella deg tameskant n 08 magu 1945, ihi ṭṭfen-t, rran-t ar lḥebs 10 iseggasen.

Asmi yettwaṭṭef, ḥekmen fell-as s lmut u nɣant bla ma iɛedda di ccreɛ, deg useggas n 1957.
Saɛid Meqbel

**Saɛid Meqbel** (s trumit : *Said Mekbel*) ilul deg 30 meɣres 1940 di Bgayet, yemmut deg 3 bujember 1994 di Lezzayer tamanaɣt.
D aneɣmas deg uɣmis *Le Matin* (Tasebḥit).
Paris (Fransa)

Paris d Tamanaɣt n tmurt n Fransa. Tettwassen s isem n temdint n tafat.

Paris-Notre Dame-188-vom Institut du monde arabe-2017-gje.jpg|Notre Dame
Paris-Grand Palais-102-2017-gje.jpg|Grand Palais
Paris-Place de la Concorde-106-Reverbere-2017-gje.jpg|Place de la Concorde
Paris-St Etienne du Mont-110-zum Chor-2017-gje.jpg|St. Etienne du Mont
Paris-Tuileries-108-2017-gje.jpg|Tuileries
Paris-von Montmartre-102-suedost-2017-gje.jpg|Vue depuis Montmartre
Tutlayt tumẓabt

**Tumẓabt** (s Tifinaɣ: **ⵜⵓⵎⵥⴰⴱⵜ**) d tutlayt gar tutlayin timaziɣin i ttmeslayin deg Mẓab af uɣezzif n Iɣzer n Weɣlan (Wad Mẓab).
Sawalen-tt deg iɣerman n Tejnint, At Mličet (Melika), At Bunur neɣ At Wirzu, Taɣardayt, At Yizǧen (At Yijden), Bergan neɣ At Ifraɣ, Tamurt n Tefza (Gerrara), Tajnint
Lalman

Tamurt Talmanit, tezga-d g umenzaw n Turuft  g tamas tasamart, tekcem g Tadukli n tmura n turuft (UE). Tutlayt tunṣibt ines d Talmanit .agdud-is yekk-ad seg ijermaneyyen

aɣara unṣib n tamurt= tagduda tafidiṛalit Talmanit
Berlin

Tamdint n **Berlin** d tamanaɣt n tmurt n Lalman.


Berlin-von Siegessaeule-118-Potsdamer Platz-2017-gje.jpg
Berlin-Kurfuerstendamm-154-Maje-2016-gje.jpg
Berlin-Kurfuerstendamm-168-Nr 50-Aigner-2016-gje.jpg
Berlin-Brandenburger Tor-08-2006-gje.jpg
Berlin-Mauer-Bernauer Str-66-Gedenkstaette-2016-gje.jpg
Berlin-Mauer-Bernauer Str-12-2016-gje.jpg
Berlin-Denkmal fuer die ermordeten Juden Europas-10-2016-gje.jpg
Berlin-Rotes Rathaus-18-Fernsehturm-2017-gje.jpg
Berlin-S-Bahnhof Potsdamer Platz-02-2006-gje.jpg
Berlin-S-Bahnhof Potsdamer Platz-04-2006-gje.jpg
Libya

**Libya** d tamurt d-yezgan di tefriqt ugafa. Tesɛa 1,759,540 ikilumitren². Tettwazdeɣ s wazal n 6 yimleyan.
Amur ameqran d aneẓruf. Isem ines unṣib : Awank n Libya. Isem-ines yettwasen seg yekka-d seg tmaziɣt. Imezdaɣ-ines imezwura d imaziɣen, ttwasnen seg tallit n imaṣriyen iqburen s yisem n Libu.

Tamanaɣt n Libya d Ṭrables. Tutlayt tunṣibt d taɛrabt wanag Imaziɣen yellan deg wedrar N Infusen rwan lḥif imi tutlayt-nsen tettwagdel uqbel Tanekra n 2011.

Libya zik tella d tamurt n Taɛutmanit, qqaren-as " Tamurt n Tripoli ". Deg useggas n 1911, tella d tamnaḍt n Iṭalyanen alamma d asmi i d-tekkes deg useggas n 1943 dɣa tettusemma tageldit n Libya. Deg useggas n 1969, ad d-teffeɣ yiwet n tegduda, ad yili d aselway-is amezwaru d Muammar Lqaddafi, i d-yessekren amennuɣ ɣef ugellid n Libya Idris El-Sennusi. Deg useggas n 2011, ad d-teɣli tegrawla n 17 Fuṛar, ara d-yessekren aselway n Qaddafi (i yettwanɣan deg 20 Tubeṛ 2011). Seg yimir-nni, tamurt n ur d-tettili d amḍebber n tmurt.

## Timdinin Timeqranin

### Tamnaṭ n Ṭrables

* Ṭrables
*Miṣrata
*Zzaweyya
*Zliten
*Lxums
*Ṣabrata
*At Willul (Zwara)
*Tajura
*Tarhuna
*Surt
*Ɣeryan
*Msallata
*Bni Walid
*Leǧmil
*Surman
*Nufaliya

### Fezzan

*Sabha
*Ubari
*Murẓuq
*Waddan

### Barqet

*Benɣazi
*Lbayḍa
*Ajdabiya
*Darna
*Ṭubruq
*Kufra
*Lmerǧ
*Laɣeyla
*Lebyar
*Lgubba

## Tanekra n 2011
Yekker-d wegdud alibi i wakken ad isuffeɣ Mɛemmer Lqeddafi, aselway n Libya seg 1969. 
S tallalt n tdukkla n tmura i ddukklen (ONU) akked OTAN, xemsa n wayyuren agdud alibi yessaweḍ ad yekcem Ṭrables.
Dziecinów

**Dziecinów** d taddart deg wanẓul-agmuḍ n Lapologne, s tama n wasif Vistula. D daxel n Masovian Voivodeship. 704 yemdanen zedɣen deg-s (aseggas : 2007).
Tamaɣuzt

**Tamaɣuzt** deg tesnallunt d afimidi n iferdisen i d-yettgin kra n tfekka tagennawt iẓẓayen ɣef uhidṛujin d uhilium. Imusnawen ssemrasen tanfalit n tmaɣuzt i weglam n tilin n iferdisen niden s umata acku amur ameqqran seg yitran i d-issiliɣen tanga yettwaẓren deg usedday tegber seg uhidṛujin d uhilium. S wanecta, asignew igebren seg weksujin d Niyun d ukaṛbun d unitrujin yezmer ad yettwaglem d akken-it **yeččur d tamaɣuzt** seg tama takrurant ɣas akken iferdisen-nni ur ttwameggzen ara d imɣuzen, akken daɣen ur yessefk ara ad yili urway gar n **tmaɣuzt** d **imɣuzen** d **waqqan amaɣaz** acku ulac aqqan akruran neɣ amaɣaz deg yitran (anagar deg yitran isemmaṭen yeṭṭafaren asesmel **K** yakked **M**) yerna aqqan akruran inessen deg tegnit ur d-izzag ara deg tegnatin n wul n yitran.
S tmusni n tmaɣuzt n kra n tfekkiwin tezmer ad tili tukza n waddar-is. Acku ass mi i d-innulfa usedday (s unect n teẓri n Big Bang) yella deg tazwara igber seg uhidṛujin, yerna s tarrayt n tseddast deg uṭerṭeq ameqran yennulfa-d deg-s azal meqqren n uhilium d kra n ulitium d ubriliu maca send n uṭerṭeq ameqran *Big Bang* ur d-lfin ara iferdisen iẓẓayen ugar-nsen. s wanecta, tamaɣuzt n yitran imezrayen tettili s ddaw n yitran itraren (i d-ilfan d imaynuten) am tfukt

## Isesmilen n yitran '''I''' d '''II''' d '''III'''

## Amsektay n tmaɣuzt

## Tirrayin n usiden

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
Aṭebsi azzatraw

Llant snat tbagustin n yesmilen deg wegraw aniṭij. Tamezwarut, tesɛa 32 imelyan km di tehri, tezga gar Meɣres d Yebter. Tis snat d Tabagust n Kuiper, teggug nnig n 5 imelyaren km seg yiṭij , tezga deg tlisa n unegraw aniṭij.

Imelyan n yesmilen yesɛan udem izelgen zgan di tbagust tameqrant, kra d imectiṭaḥ am uɛeqqa, tiyaḍ sɛant imiyyaten ikilumitren di tehri.

Ameqran deg-sen, Ceres, yesɛa 952 km d netta kan i d imneneḍ f idra n tudsa ines tameqrant.

Kra imusnawen ttwalin dakken kra tɣawsiwin yellan deg tbagust-agi, yezmer lḥal ttekkant deg tlalit n tudert deg wemtiweg Akal.

Tabagust ur temsawi ara : kra n temnaḍin d tilmawin akk ma d tiyaḍ ččurent d ismilen.

## Tabagust n Kuiper

Tabagust n Kuiper tettusemma ilmend n umusnaw Gerard Kuiper, amezwaru i tt-ibedren deg iseggasen 1950. d acu kan nerğa alamma d iseggasen 1990 akken ad sbegnen imusnawen dakken tabagust-a tella s tidett. Tamnaḍt-agi tga am izebgaten, tesɛa ugar n 35 000 n iẓra yugaren 100 km di tehri.

Tadusi ines tugar s 100 iberdan tabagust tameqrant.Am tbagust tameqrant, d nettat kan i d-yeqqimen seg uḍebsi mi d-yennulfa wegraw aniṭij. Snat seg 3 yemtiwgen imceṭaḥ llant dinna: Eris d Pluton.

## Asigna n Oort

Tabagust n Kuiper tezga deg tlisa n wegraw aniṭij, yezmer tella taɣawsa taneggarut i s d-yezzin: asigna n Oort. D imelyaren n yeẓra yedlan s wegris yellan deg-s, yezga deg tlisa n wegraw aniṭij-nneɣ.

## Anadi deg tbagustin

Pioneer 10, deg yulyu 1972, d taɣawsa tamezwarut yuzen wemdan ɣer tbagust. Iɣerruba Pioneer 11, Voyager 1 d 2, Galileo, Cassini, NEAR, Ulysses d New Horizons ula d nutni sawḍen armi tabagust n Kuiper .

Ɣas ugaden dakken iɣerruba cegɛen deg inigen imezwura ad ḥazen iẓra-agi .Imusnawen fehmen ɣef zik lḥal dakken f idra n tadusi tamectuḥt n tbagust ur telli tugdi fell-asen.

Ad nesmekti dakken Pluton tura yettiki i yeẓra n tbagust n Kuiper, kksent imusnawen seg wegraw n yemtiwgen.

Taɣbaylut :

http://tussna.blogspot.com/
Georges Pompidou

**Georges Pompidou** (1911 - 1974) g Paris, d aselway n Fransa (1969 - 1974).

Isem-is ameqqran : **Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou**
Racid Mimuni

Rachid Mimouni (qqar **Racid Mimuni**) d amyaru Azzayri s tutlayt tafransist, ilul deg 20 Wamber 1954 di Budwaw (taɣiwant n Bumerdas), yemmut di Paris ass n 12 furar 1995.

D anelmad di Dzayer tamaneɣt, yuwwi-d di diploma n tazunzit di 1968, sin aken ikmel anelmad-ines di Montreal, g tmurt n Kanada.

Iselmed di tesdawit n Dzayer, sin akin di ESC (Aɣerbaz amuqran n tzunzit).

Angal amezwaru-ines " Le printemps n’en sera que plus beau " (Tafsut ur ttili ɣir tazeddigt akter) anda issawel f tayri d lgirra, sin ilmazyanen Ḥamid et Ǧamila, i nnuven fǧal tmurt-nsen.

## Adlesumuɣ

* Le printemps n'en sera que plus beau (1978)
* Le Fleuve détourné (1982)
* Une peine à vivre  (1983)
* Tombéza » (1984)
* L'Honneur de la tribu  (1989)
* La ceinture de l'ogresse  (1990)
* Une peine à vivre  (1991)
* De la barbarie en général et de l'intégrisme en particulier  (1992)
* La Malediction  (1993)
Uetersen

**Uetersen** () d taddart deg wanẓul-agmuḍ n Lalman, ger Elmshorn d Pinneberg, s tama n wasif Hamburg. 17.865 yemdanen zedɣen deg-s (aseggas : 2006).
Amurakuc

**Amurakuch** neɣ **Meṛṛakech** (s tafransit : Marrakech , s taɛrabt : مراكش *Murrākuš*, Ddarja: مرّاكش *Merrakc* ) d tamdint tezga-d g unzul n tamurt n Umerruk. Neqqar as " **Tamdint tazegaɣt** " ( s taɛrabt : المدينة الحمراء , s tafransist : la Ville rouge ) .

Tella **Amurakuc** g tuẓumt n Merruk di tasga n Meṛṛakec-Asfi .

Uggar n 928 850 middn zdɣen g **Amurakuc** . Ɣur **Amurakuc** snat tasga : Tamdint tamzruyt d tamdint tamaynut.

**Amurakuc** d ism amazigh lan g-is snat n tiguriwin : Amur (s taɛrabt   ارض) d Akuc (s taɛrabt   الله) 

Ar neqqar imezdaɣen n **Amurakuc** *"* *Imerrakciyin "* s teɛrabt , d *" Ait Merrakc "* s tamaziɣt .  

## Tarakalt

## Anezwi

## Igmamen
◾ **<big>Bab Ahmer</big>**

Bab Ahmer neɣ Taggurt tazeggwaɣt ( s taɛrabt : باب احمر , s tafransist :  la porte rouge ) yella tama n ugemmiw ageldan . Bab Ahmer d agmam amensay yella g " La Médina " , Itussan s " daqqa merrakchiya" .

◾ **<big>Gueliz</big>**

Agmam n Gueliz ( s taɛrabt : ڭيليز , s tafransist :  Guéliz ) yussi assaɣ ness seg Jbel Gueliz ( Adrar n Gueliz ) , yella g Agafa utrim n lmdina taqburt .

◾ **<big>Lmdina</big>**

Agmam n Lmdina ( s taɛrabt : المدينة , s tafransist :  La Médina ) d yiwen agmam ameqqran d axater n tamdint n Amurakuc . Lan g-is bezaf n imukan tmerritin . Uggar n 40 000 n inazuren xdemn g-is .

◾ **<big>Livernaj</big>**

Agmam n Livernaj ( s taɛrabt : الحي الشتوي , s tafransist :  L'hivernage ) d yiwen agmam n tamdint n Amurakuc . Yella g anẓul utrim n agmam n Gueliz . Lan g-is villat d hotelat

## Tiwlafin

Tugna:Koutobiya-Marrakech-MOROCCO.jpg|Timzgida Kutubiya
Tugna:Marrakech.jpg|Amurakuc seg ignna
Tugna:Marrakech banner.jpg|Jamaɛ Lefnaa
Tugna:Souk.JPG|Suq Amurakuc
Tugna:Marrakech - Menara.jpg|Menara n Amurakuc
Ɛebdelqader

Iesm-is **Ɛebdelqader adziri** d azzayri, neɣ al-Amir Ɛabdul Qader el-Jazairi, ilul-d deg 6 ctember 1808 szdat Mɛesker (tamurt n Lezzayer), yemmut ass n 26 mayyu 1883 deg Dimecq tamanaɣt n Surya, argaz n ajjed aṣufi, afelsuf, asertay.
Iɛeẓẓugen

**Iɛeẓẓugen** d yiwet n temdint tuzga-d deg twilayt n Tizi-Wezzu.

### Asideg (timella)

### Idurar

* Agwni n Yizem
* At Ɛli
* At Bwadda
* Iɛeẓẓugen 
* Bubrun
* Ccerfa n Bahlul
* Flikki
* Hendu
* Iɣil Buzel
* Imlel
* Rabta
* Taddart
* Tala Ukucac
* Tinkict
* Tinswin
* Tirsatin Warqiq
* Tizi n Wuccen (Tizi Buccen)

## Ẓeṛ daɣen
* Tawilayt n Tizi Uzzu
* Tidayṛiwin n twilayt n Tizi Uzzu
* Tiɣiwanin n twilayt n Tizi Uzzu

## Tira d timselɣa
Tadyant

ayen yeḍran i walbaɛḍ neɣ i tɣawsa, tezmer ad tili d taluft neɣ taɣawsa menwala kan. tadyant teqqen tikwal ar umezruy, amedya:tadyant n 63 di tmurt leqbayel, meḥsub taqsiḍt-nni, tamsalt-nni neɣ ayen yeḍran deg 1963.
asget n tedyant d : tidyanin. amedya:  tidyanin n Ḥtitan. tiqsiḍin, timucuha, ayen s-yeḍran.
Końskowola

**Końskowola** (API [kɔɲskɔ'vɔla]) d taddart deg wanẓul-agmuḍ n Pulunya, ger Puławy d Kurów, s tama n wasif Kurówka. D ixf n yiwet gmina, eddayra (municipalité), s daxel n Lublin Voivodeship. 2,188 yemdanen zedɣen deg-s (aseggas : 2004).
Takatalant

**Takatalant** di Katalunya.

Aseqdec n Tkatalant yeẓẓa iẓuran-is yerna simma simma la ttnernin di Katalunya. Di tallit-nni ideg Franco yeṭṭef Spanyul yegdel-itt, maca xas akken, tedder deg yilsawen n Ikatalanen . 
Di tmendawt(Constitution) taspenyult n 1978, Tameslayt-a tuɣal d tunṣibt di Katalunya d Tegzirin Baléares daɣen di temnaḍt n Valansya, dinna ssawalen-as “Tavanlansyant”. Tasekla s Tkatalant teğuğğeg, ayen din n yedlisen i d-yettrusun di tsedlisin, ula deg isupermarciyen znuzun-ten. 
Deg iberdan ukeṛṛus ipanuten ttwarun yakk s Tkatalant, ttwarun ula s Tkastilant (Taspenyult) maca seddaw n Tkatalant. Tisdawiyin smenyafent taɣuri (leqraya) s Tkatalant, tuget n tezrawin tgen-tent yinelmaden s tmeslayt-a, ula deg isura n sinima isutitrajen tgen-ten s Tkatalant.

Tilibizyuwat d yilɣagduden-nniḍen ttmeslayen s Tkatalant, seg imeẓyanen alamma d imɣaren zemren yakk yikatalanen ad slen, ad walin neɣ ad ɣren ayen i sen-yehwan s Tkatalant.
Tturk

**Tuṛkya** neɣ **Tagduda n Turkya** (s tutlayt taturkit : *Türkye Cumhuriyeti*), d tamurt tezga-d deg sin imenẓawen, neɣ 97% deg umenẓaw n Asya, d 3% deg umenẓaw n Turuft, tikkwal qqaṛen fell-as tarufit, tikkwal nniḍen qqaṛen fell-as tasyawit, tesεa tilas d Bulgarya, Legrig, Jurjiya, Arminya, Iran, Lεiraq, Surya. Tturk d yiwet n tagduda taselwit, aselway-is d Rajab Ṭayib Arduɣan. Tamurt-a i bennatt Meṣṭafa Kamal Aṭaṭurk, tella di 1299 ar 1923 d *Tagduda Taεtmani*t, umbeεd, xemmen Tagduda Tajmaεit ( ar 2018 tqled d Tagduda Taselwit).

## tugniwin

File:Anit Kabir (6526103103).jpg|
File:Aya sofya.jpg| 
File:Kocatepe Mosque Ankara.jpg| 
File:067 Etnografya.05.2006 resize.JPG| 
File:DolmabahceMainGate.JPG| 
File:İzmir clock tower.jpg| 
File:Pamukkale00.JPG| 
File:Eskişehir-Aycan.jpg| 
File:Antalya falezler.jpg| 
File:Alanya.jpg| 
File:Bluemosquefront.jpg| 
File:Diyarbakir P1050751 20080427135832.JPG| 


## Amezruy
Ṣalaḥeddin

**Ṣalaḥeddin Yusef At Ayyub** (s taɛrabt :*لملك الناصر أبو الظفر صلاح الدين يوسف بن ايوب* , s tkurdit : *Selahedînê Eyûbî*) ilulen deg useggas n 1138, immuten deg seggas n 1193 d amnukal amezwaru n tdinastit tayyubit ihekmen deg Maṣer seg 1169 ar 1250 yernan tehkem deg Surya seg 1174 ar 1260. D netta i d yerran Yirucalem i inselmen deg useggas n 1187 deffir n 90 iseggasen n lehkem n imasihiyen fell-as. 

Yusef mmis n Ayub iluled g Tikrit ar wasif n Dejla
Vok Stefanovic Karadzic

**Vuk Stefanovic Karadzic**, ilul deg 1787, imut deg 1864, D aserbi ig jerden abrid issufɣen iserbiyen si tebrek ar tafat.
D netta is ifkan nnuba d wazal i tsarbit, tutlayt temḥeq teslabit. Anida tyiwi
uḍar is, akal ibalkiyen yedda yafes, ileqqweḍ deg sefra d cna nat zik. Isers ilugen n tjerrumt n tsarbit, isnulfa-d iskilen ijdiden, issufeɣ-d amawal n tmeslayt n wegdud. Vuk ( Uccen aqabac, semman as imawlan is Vuk akken as texḍu tmettant imi mmuten akw wayetma-s t-idizwaren) isɣer iman-is imi di llakul ilmed kan amek ttarun d wamek qqaren.

Idder yeqqar: "Piši kao što goviriš a čitaj kao što je napisano!"
Aru akken tettmelayeḍ, ɣṛitt akken tura!

## Tamselyut

* http://abrid-a.blogspot.com/2007/12/vuk-karadzic.html
Sidi Lḥaǧ Ḥsiyen

**Sidi Lḥaǧ Ḥsiyen** d yiwen seg lawliyya n lɛerc n At Weɣlis, yusa-d seg tmurt n Lmerruk ɣer tama n Semɛun rrif n Bgayet aseggas n 1350, anda i d-yeslul timɛemmert, i yellan ar wass-a, lemden deg-s inelmaden tisreḍt. 

## Tamselyut
Tasudut Serbantes

**Tasdut Serbantes** neɣ s taspanyulit *Instituto Cervantes* d tasdut neɣ aɣerbaz n uselmad n tutlayt taspanyulit yelli-d tiwwura-ines deg useggas n 1991.

 Asmel n Tasudut Serbantes g Dzayer
Miguel de Cervantes

*Miguel de Cervantes* d amyaru aspenyul, ilul ass n 29 ctember 1547 g Alkala de Henares yemmut ass n 22 ybrir 1616 di Madrid, d’aneggal, amedyaz,  d msezgan, yettwassen ɣef lǧal n wungal-is Don Kicuṭ n Manca i yuɣalen mucaɛ di ddunit imi assa yettuneḥsab d ungal amezwaru deg umezruy n talsa i yettwarun s wudem atrar am wid n tura. Ma deg tsekla taspenyulit d yiwen seg imeqqranen.

Asmi yella meẓẓi, Cerventès yesɛedda-d xemsa iseggasen d lḥebs di Lezzayer tamanaɣt n tura, acku yiwwas mi d-yuɣal seg yiwen n ṭṭrad ideg yettekka ɣer tama n tmurt n Ṭṭelyan, ṭṭfen-T yefliseN imselmen netta d wiyaḍ deg yill agrakal, ur s-d-bran armi t-id-tefda yemma-s s kra n twiztin.

]
## Seg wayen yura
* Galatea, 1584
* Don Kicuṭ I, 1606
* Tullisin temdyanin, 1613
* Don Kicuṭ II, 1616
* Imahilen n Persille d Sigismonde, 1617