マース (俳優)

**張 永發**（チャン・ウィンファ、簡体字：蒋荣发、繁体字：蔣榮發、ピンイン：Jiǎng róng fā、1954年2月28日 - ）、別名：火星（マース）は、香港の俳優、アクション監督、スタントマン、武術家です。ジャッキー・チェンの親友の一人です。

## 生い立ち
張永發は1954年に香港で生まれました。交通事故に遭い、頭部に二つの傷を負ったことから、「奇火星」というあだ名がつきました。タイで映画のスタントマンとして働いていた際に助演俳優に昇格し、芸名が必要になりました。彼はあだ名にちなんで「マース」を選びました。 彼は春秋戯劇学校で范福發夫人に師事し、毎日午前5時から午後9時まで稽古に励みました。

## 映画キャリア
マースは1966年、12歳で俳優としてのキャリアをスタートさせました。最初はエキストラとして、後に脇役へと転身しました。主演映画は『ラッキー・アンド・ザ・レディ・タイガー』（1980年）のみです。 1971年、マースは舞台でのニックネームが「火星の怪物」だったことから、スタントコーディネーターから「マース」というニックネームをもらいました。そして『ザ・レスキュー』の撮影後、マースというニックネームに落ち着きました。 1979年、ジャッキー・チェン・スタントチームに加入し、俳優というよりもスタントマンやアクション監督として活躍しました。チェンとは親友で、マースは『ヤング・マスター/師弟出馬』（1980年）をはじめ、数多くの映画でチェンと共演しています。チェンのヒット作『ドラゴンロード』『プロジェクトA』『ポリス・ストーリー/香港国際警察』『プロジェクトA2 史上最大の標的』『ポリス・ストーリー2/九龍の眼』では主要な脇役を演じました。また、チェンの他のヒット作『新ポリス・ストーリー』『酔拳2』『デッドヒート』でも脇役として出演しています。彼はチェンの他の多くの映画にも出演し、スタントマンとしても活躍した。 1996年のジャッキー・チェン主演映画『ナイスガイ』に出演して以来、本名を使用している。ジャッキー・チェンとサモ・ハンのスタントチームでベテランメンバーとして活躍した。

## フィルモグラフィー
* *Young and Furious (Part 1)* (1966) - young child (*uncredited*)
* *The Golden Cup, the Wandering Dragon and the Decree to Kill* (1966) - young child
* *The Monkey Goes West* (1966) - Little Underwater Turtle Demon Child
* *The Golden Cup and the Wandering Dragon* (1966) - young child (extra)
* *Come Drink with Me* (1966) - one of the beggar children (*uncredited*)
* *The One Armed-Swordsman* (1967) - street kid that gets mask stolen
* *Blue Skies* (1967) - musical troupe dancing child (extra)
* *Golden Swallow* (1968) - Chang Shun's son
* *The Rescue* (1971) - Tartar soldier (extra)
* *The Eunuch* (1971) - soldier (extra) / (*uncredited*)
* *Trilogy of Swordsmanship* (1972) - Shi's soldier fellow (cameo)
* *The Black Tavern* (1972) - Officer Hai's servant
* *The Casino* (1972) - casino thug (extra) (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *The Hurricane* (1972) - Neng's thug / stunts
* *The Brutal Boxer* (1972) - Chin / stunts
* *Tough Guy* (1972) - extra (*uncredited*)
* *Fist of Fury* (1972) - Japanese Person (*uncredited*) / stunts
* *Fist of Unicorn* (1972) - Stuttering boy
* *Back Alley Princess* (1973) - extra (*uncredited*)
* *Honor and Love* (1973) - cameo
* *Dynamite Brothers* (1973) - Tuen's henchman in the final fight (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Fist to Fist* (1973) - extra (*uncredited*)
* *Enter the Dragon* (1973) - Han traitor (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *The Rendezvous of Warriors* (1973) - extra (*uncredited*)
* *The Awaken Punch* (1973) - (*uncredited*)
* *Little Tiger of Canton* (1973) - cameo / stunts (as Fo Sing)
* *The Bastard* (1973) - Gu's thug (extra) / stunts
* *The Rats* (1973) - cameo
* *Village on Fire* (1973)
* *The Young Tiger* (1973) - Angry Thug in army pants (as Huo Hsing)
* *Ambush* (1973) - Lao Er of Ximen Tigers
* *Village of Tigers* (1974) - Ba clan member
* *Virgins of the Seven Seas* (1974) - Pirate killed on ship
* *The Thunder Kick* (1974) - (as Fo Sing)
* *The Shaolin Boxer* (1974) - Chuan's student
* *Supermen Against the Orient* (1974) - Thug (*uncredited*) / stunts
* *Super Kung Fu Kid* (1974) - cameo / stunts
* *Village of Tigers* (1974) - Hero Bao's Friend
* *Bloody Ring* (1974) - cameo
* *The Mandarin Magician* (1974) - (as Fo Sing)
* *The Skyhawk* (1974) - woodland attacker / stunts (as Fo Sing)
* *The Bod Squad* (1974) - (as Huo Shing)
* *The Young Dragons* (1974) - Lui Fu's thug / stunts
* *Hong Kong Superman* (1975) - extra(*uncredited*) / cameo / stunts
* *The Valiant Ones* (1975) - Japanese swordsman pirate
* *The Golden Lion* (1975) - Golden Lion gang member
* *Bruce Lee and I* (1976) - Little Boy
* *Bruce Lee - True Story* (1976) - Charlie
* *The Private Eyes* (1976) - robber (as Fo Sing)
* *The Magic Blade* (1976) - stunts
* *Shaolin Plot* (1977) - Monk (as Fo Sing)
* *Last Strike* (1977) - extra (*uncredited*)
* *The Iron Fisted Monk* (1977) - Shu-Liu worker
* *Broken Oath* (1977) - One of Chou's Guards
* *Soul Brothers of Kung Fu* (1977) - cameo
* *The Pilferer's Progress* (1977) - Hitman
* *He Has Nothing But Kung Fu* (1977)
* *Strife for Mastery* (1977) - cameo / stunts
* *The Amsterdam Kill* (1977) - cameo
* *Enter the Fat Dragon* (1978) - opening dream sequence fighter / stunts
* *Strike and Sword (1978)* - thug
* *Bruce Li - The Invincible Chinatown Connection* (1978) - teacher with mask
* *Warriors Two* (1978) - Thunder's men/Civilian (2 roles) / stunts
* *The Legendary Strike* (1978)
* *Game of Death* (1978) - Thug (extra) (*uncredited*) / stunts / stunt double
* *Iron Maiden* - (as Fo Sing)
* *Dirty Tiger, Crazy Frog* (1978) - 3 Tricks Kid partner / Casino Fighter
* *Naked Comes the Huntress* (1978) - Monk
* *Fists and Guts* (1979) - extra (*uncredited*)
* *Last Hurrah for Chivalry* (1979) - Pak Chung Tong's man
* *His Name Is Nobody* (1979) - person in restaurant (cameo)
* *The Challenger* (1979) - Fair croupier (as Fo Sing)
* *Odd Couple* (1979) - Potato
* *Crazy Couple* (1979) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts
* *The Wickedness in Poverty* (1979) - Toilet waste carrier (cameo)
* *The Incredible Kung Fu Master* (1979) - one of Yang Wei's men (cameo) / stunts
* *Crazy Partner* (1979) - cameo
* *The Dragon, the Hero* (1979) - Defeated Fighter (cameo) / stunts
* *Knockabout* (1979) - Tiger (as Fo Sing)
* *Itchy Fingers* (1979) - Mr Liu's thug / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Lackey and the Lady Tiger* (1980) - Big Brother
* *The Young Master* (1980) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *The Legal Illegal* (1981) - cameo
* *Return of the Deadly Blade* (1981) - One of the Tun brothers
* *Game of Death II* (1981) - guard in the cave / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Dragon Lord* (1982) - Chin / Cowboy
* *The Trail* (1983) - Fatty / action director / stunt co-ordinator
* *Project A* (1983) - Mars / Jaws / stunts / stunt double for Jackie Chan / assistant action director
* *Winners and Sinners* (1983) - Robber stealing Archie's briefcase (cameo)
* *Wheels on Meals* (1984) - extra (*uncredited*) / action director / stunt co-ordinator / stunt double for Jackie Chan
* *Pom Pom* (1984) - Motorcycle Cop (cameo)
* *The Protector* - martial arts co-ordinator
* *Police Story* (1985) - Inspector Kim / action director / stunt unit / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Armour of God* (1986) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts(*uncredited*) / stunt double for Jackie Chan (*uncredited*)
* *Naughty Boys* (1986) - Sheng
* *Project A Part II* (1987) - Mars / Jaws / stunts / stunt double for Jackie Chan / action director
* *Magic Story* (1987) - Taoist priest
* *The Inspector Wears Skirts* (1988) - Member of Tiger Squad
* *Spooky, Spooky* (1988) - East Bay Cop Mars
* *Police Story 2* (1988) - Inspector Kim
* *Dragons Forever* (1988) - stunts / stunt double for Benny Urquidez
* *Miracles* (1989) - Police Sergeant / stunts
* *The Inspector Wears Skirts II* (1989) - Mars
* *Undeclared War* (1990) - Tiger (as Fo Sing) / stunts
* *Stage Door Johnny* (1990) - Kuo
* *The Banquet* (1991) - Man at Table (as Sing Feng)
* *Armour of God II: Operation Condor* (1991) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Angry Ranger* (1991) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts
* *Twin Dragons* (1992) - Street Goon (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Police Story 3: Super Cop* (1992) - Hsiung (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Crime Story* (1993) - Bank Robber (*uncredited*) / stunts
* *Once a Cop* (1993) - Jewelry store customer (as Fo Sing) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Drunken Master II* (1994) - Fight Spectator in the crowd/Thug in final fight (2 roles)(*uncredited*) / stunts (as Fo Sing) / assistant action director
* *The Wrath of Silence* (1994) - Detective / action director
* *Red Zone* (1995) - Prison Guard with Food
* *Thunderbolt* (1995) - Saw's thug (*uncredited*) / stunts (as Chiang Wing Fat)
* *Rumble in the Bronx* (1995) - stunts (*uncredited*)
* *How to Meet the Lucky Stars* (1996) - Mahjong Player / action director
* *Police Story 4: First Strike* (1996) - stunts (*uncredited*) / stunt double for Jackie Chan (*uncredited*)
* *Once Upon a Time in China and America* (1997) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts (as Chiang Wing Fat)
* *Mr. Nice Guy* (1997) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts (as Chiang Wing Fat) / stunt double for Jackie Chan / action director
* *Double Team* (1997) - stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Till Death Do Us Part* (1998) - Bill's man / stunts
* *Rush Hour* (1998) - Juntao's Man in Hong Kong (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Knock Off* (1998) - stunts (*uncredited*) / assistant action director (*uncredited*)
* *Gorgeous* (1999) - Masked Metal Bat Thug (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Jackie Chan: My Stunts* (1999) - Himself (Jackie Chan Stunt Team) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Moonlight Express* (1999) - Officer Tung's detective
* *No Problem* (1999) - cameo / stunts
* *Prostitute Killers* (2000) - One of Brother Shark's men / stunts
* *Rush Hour 2* (2001) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Virtues of Harmony* (TV series) (2002) - Chan Wan (cameo)
* *Born Wild* (2001) - action director
* *Inner Senses* (2002) - action director
* *No Problem 2* (2002) - stunts (as Jiang Wing-Fat) / assistant action director
* *Give Them a Chance* (2003) - action director
* *Shanghai Knights* (2003) - Torch Thug (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Around the World in 80 Days* (2004) - Scorpion / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *New Police Story* (2004) - extra (*uncredited*) / stunts (*uncredited*)
* *Kung Fu Mahjong 3* - The Final Duel (2007) - Uncle Pao / action director
* *Bullet & Brain* (2007) - Inspector Wong / action director
* *I Corrupt All Cops* (2009) - Det. Sgt Major at meeting / action director
* *72 Tenants of Prosperity* (2010) - action director
* *The Other Truth* (TV series) (2011) - Lo Yiu Fat (Episode 20–25)
* *When Heaven Burns* (TV series) (2011) - Leslie (cameo) (Episode 10)
* *Brother's Keeper* (TV series) (2013) - Brother Babi
* *Bet Hur* (TV series) (2017) - Slaughter city bodyguard

## 脚注