チャールズ・ドレクスラー

**チャールズ・ドレクスラー**（Charles Frank Drechsler、1892年5月1日 – 1986年2月5日) は、アメリカ合衆国の菌学者である。45年間に渡って、アメリカ合衆国農務省で働いた。穀物の疾病や農作物と卵菌類などと関係を研究した。

ウィスコンシン州のドイツ移民の家で生まれた。両親の農場で育てられた間はドイツ語しか話せず、英語を学んだのは学校に入ってからであった。ウィスコンシン大学マディソン校で初め工学を学ぶが、菌類学の授業に出た後、植物学に転じた。1914年に修士課程を修了すると、ハーバード大学の菌学者、ローランド・サクスター（Roland Thaxter）のもとで研究を続け、放線菌の分類学研究を行った。1917年にワシントンD.C.に移り、農務省で働き始めた。第一次世界大戦で召集されるが、退役後、農務省に戻り、1924年に病理学准研究員（associate pathologist）、1929年に病理学研究員になった。穀類の病理学の分野の後、野菜類の病理学の分野を研究し、多くの新種の菌類を記載し、多くの論文を執筆した。その業績から1966年にアメリカの植物病理学会のフェローに任じられ、1984年にアメリカ菌学会の研究功労者（istinguished Mycologist）に選ばれた。

配偶者のメアリー・フローレンス・モーシャー（Mary Florence Morscher）も農務省で働く植物学者である。農務省を退職後もメリーランド州の自宅での研究を続けた。

## 著作
* 1933.  Morphological diversity among fungi capturing and destroying nematodes. Washington, *J.  Acad. Sci.*  23:138-141.
* 1933.  Morphological features of some more fungi that capture and kill nematodes. Washington, *J.  Acad. Sci.*  23:267-270.
* 1933.  Several more fungi that prey on nematodes. Washington, *J. Acad. Sci*. 23:355-357.
* 1933.  Morphological features of some fungi capturing and killing amoebae.
* 1934.  Organs of capture in some fungi preying on nematodes" *Mycologia* 26:135-144.
* 1934.  Pedilospora dactylopaga n. sp., a fungus capturing and consuming testaceous rhizopods. *Washington, L. Acad. Sci.* 24:395-402.
* 1935.  Some conidial phycomycetes destructive to terricolous amoebae" *Mycologia* 27:6-40.
* 1935.  Some non-catenulateconidial phycomycetes preying on terricolous amoebae" *Mycologia* 27:176-223.
* 1935.  A new species of conidial phycomycete preying on nematodes" *Mycologia* 27:206-215.
* 1935.  A new mucedinaceous fungus capturing and consuming amoeba verrucosa" *Mycologia* 27:216-223.
* 1936.  A new species of Stylopage preying on nematodes" *Mycologia* 28:241-246.
* 1936.  New conidial phycomycetes destructive to terricolous amoebae" *Mycologia* 28:363-389.
* 1936.  A Fusarium-like species of Dactylella capturing and consuming testaceous rhizopods. Washington, *J. Acad. Sci.* 26:397-404.
* 1937.  New zoopagaceae destructive to soil rhizopods" *Mycologia* 29:229-249.
* 1937.  Some hyphomycetes that prey on free-living terricolous nematodes" *Mycologia* 29:447-552.
* 1937.  A species of Tridentaria preying on Difflugia constricta. Washington, *J. Acad Sci* 27:391-398.
* 1938.  Two Hyphomycetes parasitic on oospores of root-rotting oomycetes" *Phytopathology* 28:81-103.
* 1938.  New zoopagaceae capturing and consuming soil amoebae" *Mycologia* 31:137-157.
* 1939.  A few new zoopagaceae destructive to large soil rhizopods" *Mycologia* 31:128-153.
* 1939.  Five new zoopagaceae destructive to rhizopods and nematodes" *Mycologia* 31:388-415.
* 1940.  Three fungi destructive to free-living terricolous nematodes. Washington, *J. Acad Sci* 30:240-254.
* 1940.  Three new hyphomycetes preying on free-living terricolous nematodes" *Mycologia* 32:448-470.
* 1941.  Four phycomycetes destructive to nematodes and rhizopods" *Mycologia* 33:248-269.
* 1941.  Some hyphomycetes parasitic on free-living terricolous nematodes" *Phytopathology* 31:773-802.
* 1941.  Predaceous fungi. *Biol. Rev.* 16:265-290.
* 1942.  New species of Acaulopage and Cochlonema destructive to soil and amoebae" *Mycologia* 34:274-297.
* 1942.  Two zoophagous species of Acrostalagmus with multicellular Desmidiospora-like chlaymidiospores. Washington, *J. Acad Sci* 32:343-350.
* 1943.  Antagonism and parasitism among some oomycetes associated with root rot.  Washington, *J. Acad Sci* 33:21-28
* 1943.  Another hyphomycetous fungus parasitic on Pythium oospores" *Phytopathology* 33:227-233.
* 1943.  A new non-helicoid bispores Helicocephalum parasitizing nematode eggs" *Mycologia* 35:134-141.
* 1943.  A new nematode-capturing Dactylella and several related hyphomycetes" *Mycologia* 35:339-362.
* 1943.  Two new hasidiomyceteous fungi parasitic on nematodes. Washington, *J. Acad Sci* 33:183-189.
* 1944.  Three hyphomycetes that capture nematodes in adhesive networks" *Mycologia* 36:138-171.
* 1944.  A species of Arhtrobotrys that captures springtails" *Mycologia* 36:382-2399
* 1945.  Several additional phycomycetes subsisting on nematodes and amoebae" *Mycologia* 37:1-31.
* 1946.  A nematode-destroying phycomycete forming immotile spores in aerial evacuation tubes.  *Bull.  Torrey Bot.  Club* 73:1-17.
* 1946.  A clamp-bearing fungus parasitic and predaceous on nematodes" *Mycologia*  38:1-23.
* 1946.  A new hyphomycete parasitic on a species of nematode" *Phytopathology*  36:213-217.
* 1946.  Three new Zoopagaceae subsisting on soil amoebae" *Mycologia*  38:120-143.
* 1946.  A species of Harsporium invading its nematode host from the stoma.  *Bull.  Torrey Bot.  Club.*  73:557-564.
* 1947.  A nematode-strangling Dactylella with broad quadriseptate conidia" *Mycologia*  39:5-20.
* 1947.  Three Zoopagaceous fungi that capture and consume soil-inhabiting rhizopods" *Mycologia*  39:253-281.
* 1947.  Three new species of Zoopage predaceous on terricolous rhizopods" *Mycologia*  39:379-408.
* 1948.  Three Zoopagaceae that subsist by capturing soil amoebae" *Mycologia*  40:85-105.
* 1949.  A nematode-capturing fungus with anastomosing clamp-bearing hyphae" *Mycologia*  41:369-387.
* 1950.  Several species of Dactylella and Dactylaria that capture free-living nematodes" *Mycologia*  42:1-79.
* 1950.  A Dactylella with conidia resembling those of Dactylella stenobrocha in size and shape" *Mycologia*  42:367-373.
* 1950.  A Harposporium infecting eelworms by means of internally adhering awl-shaped conidia.  Washington, *J.  Acad Sci*  40:405-409.
* 1951.  Various zoopagaceous fungi subsisting on protozoans and eelworms" *Mycologia*  43:161-185.
* 1951.  An entomophthoraceous tartigrade parasite producing small conidia on propulsive cells in spicate heads.  *Bull.  Torrey Bot.  Club.*  78:183-200.
* 1952.  Another nematode-strangulating Dactylella and some related hyphomycetes" *Mycologia*  44:533-556.
* 1952.  Widespread distribution of Delacroxia coronate and other saprophytic Entomophthoraceae in plant detritus" *Science*  115:575-576.
* 1954.  A nematode-capturing fungus with clamp-connections and curved conidia.  Washington, *J.  Acad Sci*  44:82-85.
* 1954.  Production of aerial arthrospores by Harposporium bysmatosporium.  *Bull.  Torrey Bot.  Club.*  81:411-413.
* 1954.  Some hyphomycetes that capture eelworms in southern States" *Mycologia*  46:762-782.
* 1955.  Additional species of Zoopagaceae subsisting on rhizopods and eelworms" *Mycologia*  47:364-388.
* 1955.  A new species of Rhopalomyces occurring in Florida.  *Bull.  Torrey Bot.  Club.*  82:473-479.
* 1957.  A nematode-capturing phycomycete forming chlamydospores terminally on lateral branches" *Mycologia*  49:387-391.
* 1959.  Several zoopagaceae subsisting on a nematode and on some terricolous amoebae" *Mycologia*  51(6):787-823.
* 1959.  Two new species of Harposporium parasitic on nematodes.  *Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences.  *49(4):106-112.
* 1960.  A clamp-bearing fungus using stalked adhesive young chlamydospores in capturing amoebae.  Sydowia, *Annales Mycologici* Ser.  II 14:246-257.
* 1961.  Two additional species of Dactylella parasitic on Pythium oospores.  Sydowia, *Annales Mycologici* Ser.  II 15:92-97.
* 1961.  Some clampless hyphomycetes predacious on nematodes and rhizopods.  Sydowia, *Annales Mycologici* Ser.  II 15:92-97.
* 1962.  A nematode-capturing phycomycete with distally adhesive branches and proximally imbedded fusiform conidia" *American Journal of Botany*  49(10):1089-         1095.
* 1963.  A new nematode-destroying hyphomycete of the Genus Harposporium" *American Journal of Botany*  50(8):839-842.
* 1963.  A slender-spored Dactylella parasitic on Pythium oospores" *Phytopathology*  53(9):993-994.
* 1965.  A Harposporium parasitic on rotifers.  *Mycopathologia et Mycologia Applicata.*  27:285-288.
* 1965.  A Tridentaria subsisting on testaceous rhizopods and Pythium oospores.  Sydowia, *Annales Mycologici* Ser.  II 18:359-362.
* 1968.  A nematode-destroying species of Cephalosporiopsis.  Sydowia, *Annales Mycologici* Ser.  II 22:194-198.
* 1968.  A new nematode-destroying Harposporium with slender helicoid conidia.  Sydowia, *Annales Mycologici* Ser.  II 22:189-193.
* 1968.  A new nematode-destroying Harposporium.  *Amer. J. Bot.*  55(10):1251-1253.
* 1969.  A Tulasnella parasitic on Amoebae terricola.  *Amer. J. Bot.*  56(10):1217-1220.
* 1975.  A nematode-destroying hyphomycete forming parallel multiseptate hyaline conidia in circular arrangement.  *Amer. J. Bot.*  62(10):1073-1077.

## 参考文献