モルキンスキンナ

『**モルキンスキンナ**』（）とは、古ノルド語で書かれた王のサガである。およそ1025年から1157年までのノルウェーの王たちの歴史が綴られている。このサガは1220年ごろにアイスランドで書かれ、1275年ごろに作成された写本が現存している。

「モルキンスキンナ」という書名は「腐った羊皮紙」を意味し、元々は先述した写本自体の名前であった。この写本は一般に **GKS 1009 fol** という写本記号で表され、現在はコペンハーゲンのデンマーク王立図書館に所蔵されている。1662年に Þormóður Torfason (Tormod Torfæus) によってアイスランドからデンマークに持ち込まれた。

英語訳は Theodore M. Andersson と Kari Ellen Gade によるものが2000年に刊行された。原文の校訂版であるアイスランド古典叢書版は2011年に刊行された。

## 内容
サガは1025-1026年から始まっている。シグル2世の死（1155年）に関する記述ののち、1157年の段階で唐突に終わっている。元々はもっと長く、1177年まで記述されていたであろうと考えられている。なぜならば『モルキンスキンナ』を出典とした『ファグルスキンナ』および『ヘイムスクリングラ』における記述がその年で終わっているからである。サガ（歴史書）としての内容以外にも、本文中にはスカルド詩からの引用がふんだんに組み入れられており（約270スタンザ）、サットルと呼ばれるアイスランドの小話も多数含まれている

以降で、『モルキンスキンナ』中の章を概観する。これらの章（全100章）を、各ノルウェー王の在位期間で年代順に切り分けた。

### マグヌス1世 (r. 1035-1047)
:1. Here begins the saga of Magnús and Haraldr [his uncle]
:2. Concerning Sveinn
:3. Concerning King Magnús's feasts
:4. Concerning King Magnús
:5. Concerning the declaration of war against Magnús and concerning the Duke
:6. King Magnús in Jutland
:7. King Magnús's stay in Jutland
:8. How King Haraldr set sail when he came to Skáney
:9. Concerning Haraldr's travels
:10. Concerning Norðbrikt [=Haraldr]'s travels
:11. Concerning a declaration of war
:12. Concerning the raids of Norðbrikt and jarl Gyrgir
:13. Haraldr's journey to Jerusalem
:14. Concerning King Magnús's meeting with Haraldr
:15. The slandering of Þorkell
:16. Concerning King Magnús
:17. How King Magnús bestowed a jarldom on Ormr
:18. On the dispute between the kings
:19. Concerning the kings
:20. Concerning Þorsteinn Hallsson
:21. Concerning the kings
:22. The good counsels of King Haraldr
:23. Concerning King Magnús and Margét
:24. *[[:en:Hreiðars þáttr|Hreiðars þáttr]]* ["The tale of Hreiðarr"]
:25. How the kings harried and how the king's mother granted a captive his life
:26. King Magnús dies [1047]
:27. Haraldr's thingmeeting
:28. King Magnús's funeral voyage

### ハーラル3世 (r. 1047-1066)

:29. Haraldr's thingmeeting
:30. *[[:en:Halldórs þáttr Snorrasonar|Halldórs þáttr Snorrasonar]]*
:31. [On King Haraldr's campaign in Denmark]
:32. Concerning King Haraldr
:33. Concerning the disagreement between the king and Einarr Þambarskelfir
:34. Concerning an Icelander
:35. Concerning King Haraldr's wise counsels
:36. How Auðunn from the Westfjords brought King Sveinn a bear [*[[:en:Auðunar þáttr vestfirzka|Auðunar þáttr vestfirzka]]*]
:37. Concerning King Haraldr and the Upplanders
:38. Concerning King Haraldr and Brandr örvi (the Open-Handed)
:39. Concerning King Haraldr
:40. Concerning the storytelling of an Icelander [*[[:en:Íslendings þáttr sögufróða|Íslendings þáttr sögufróða]]*]
:41. Concerning Þorvarðr krákunel's gift of a sail to King Haraldr
:42. Concerning King Haraldr and Hákon
:43. *[[:en:Sneglu-Halla þáttr|Sneglu-Halla þáttr]]*.
:44. [The king encounters a man in a boat]
:45. [Concerning King Haraldr and a dear friend of Tryggvi Óláfsson]
:46. [Concerning Gizurr Ísleifsson]
:47. Concerning Stúfr enn blindi
:48. Concerning Oddr Ófeigsson
:49. How it came about that King Haraldr journeyed to the West
:50. The treachery against King Haraldr
:51. Óláfr Haraldsson's return to Norway
:52. The death of King Harold Godwinson [1066]

### オーラヴ3世 (r. 1067-1093)
:53. The saga of King Óláfr kyrri "the Quiet"
:54. Concerning King Óláfr and the Kráku-karl (Crow Man)

### マグヌス3世 (r. 1093-1103)
:55. The Saga of King Magnús berfœttr
:56. Concerning King Magnús and Sveinki Steinarsson
:57. Concerning King Magnús's harrying
:58. Concerning King Magnús
:59. Concerning King Magnús's death

### シグル1世、オーラヴ、エイステイン1世 (r. 1103-1130)
:60. The beginning of the rule of King Magnús's sons
:61. The story of King Sigurðr's adventures
:62. Concerning the gifts of Emperor Kirjalax (Alexius I Konnenos)
:63. Concerning King Sigurðr's feast
:64. Concerning King Eysteinn
:65. Concerning King Eysteinn and Ívarr
:66. Concerning the king's genealogies
:67. Concerning King Sigurðr's dream
:68. The dealings of King Eysteinn and Ingimarr with Ásu-Þorðr
:69. The death of King Óláfr Magnússon [1115]
:70. An account of legal dealings between King Sigurðr and King Eysteinn (*Þinga saga*)
:71. The contest of the kings
:72. Concerning Þórarinn stuttfeldr
:73. Concerning the death of King Eysteinn [1123]
:74. Concerning King Sigurðr and Óttarr
:75. Concerning King Sigurðr and Erlendr
:76. Concerning Haraldr gilli
:77. Concerning King Sigurðr and Áslák hani (Rooster)
:78. Concerning King Sigurðr
:79. Concerning the bet between Magnús and Haraldr
:80. Concerning King Sigurðr and Bishop Magni
:81. The Death of King Sigurðr [1130]

### ハーラル4世 (r. 1130-6)、マグヌス4世 (r. 1130-5, 1137-9)
:82. Concerning Haraldr and Magnús
:83. The gifts of King Haraldr to Bishop Magnús
:84. The story of Sigurðr slembidjákn
:85. Concerning Sigurðr slembir
:86. The slaying of King Haraldr [by Sigurðr slembidjákn in 1136]
:87. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir

### シグル2世 (1136-1155)
:88. Concerning King Haraldr's sons
:89. Concerning Sigurðr
:90. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir
:91. King Ingi's letter
:92. Concerning Sigurðr slembir
:93. Concerning King Sigurðr slembir
:94. The slaying of Óttarr birtingr
:95. [no title]
:96. Concerning King Sigurðr
:97. Concerning King Eysteinn
:98. The slaying of Geirsteinn
:99. [no title]
:100. Concerning the death of King Sigurðr [1155]

## 脚注

## 一次資料
* Finnur Jónsson (ed.). *Morkinskinna*. Copenhagen: Samfund til udgivelse af gammel nordisk litteratur, 1932. Available online from Septentrionalia.
* Ármann Jakobsson and Þórður Ingi Guðjónsson (ed.). *Morkinskinna I-II*. Íslenzk fornrit 23–24. Reykjavík: Hið íslenzka fornritafélag, 2011.
* Andersson, Theodore Murdock and Kari Ellen Gade (trs.). *[https://books.google.co.jp/books?id=DFNZmUrEVY8C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Morkinskinna+:+The+Earliest+Icelandic+Chronicle+of+the+Norwegian+Kings&ei=9lDTSuC6G5OeM9bqmD0&redir_esc=y&hl=ja#v=onepage&q=&f=false Morkinskinna: The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030-1157)]*. Islandica 51. Ithaca: , 2000. With introduction. ISBN 0-8014-3694-X

## 関連文献
* Ármann Jakobsson, "Den kluntede afskriver: Finnur Jónsson og *Morkinskinna*." *Opuscula* 11 (2003): 289–306. 
* Ármann Jakobsson, *Staður í nýjum heimi. Konungasagan Morkinskinna*. Reykjavík: Háskólaútgáfan, 2002.
* Ármann Jakobsson, "The Amplified Saga: Structural Disunity in *Morkinskinna*." *Medium Ævum* 70.1 (2001): 29-46.
* Ármann Jakobsson, "The Individual and the Ideal: The Representation of Royalty in *Morkinskinna*." *Journal of English and Germanic Philology* 99.1 (2000): 71-86.
* Ármann Jakobsson, "Rundt om kongen. En genvurdering af Morkinskinna." *Maal og Minne* 1 (1999): 71-90. Available online.
* Ármann Jakobsson, "King and Subject in *Morkinskinna*." *Skandinavistik* 28 (1998): 101-117.
* Indrebø, Gustav, "Harald haardraade in *Morkinskinna*." In *Festskrift til Finnur Jónsson*, ed. Johs. Brøndum-Nielsen et al. Copenhagen: Levin & Munksgaard, 192. 173-80.
* Kalinke, Marianne, "Sigurðar saga jórsalafara: The Fictionalization of Fact in *Morkinskinna*." *Scandinavian Studies* 56.2 (1984): 152-67.
* Morcom, Thomas. "Inclusive Masculinity in Morkinskinna and the Defusal of Kingly Aggression". *Masculinities in Old Norse Literature*, edited by Gareth Lloyd Evans and Jessica Clare Hancock. Boydell and Brewer, 2020, pp. 127-146.
* Morcom, Thomas. ‘None so Blind as those that will not See: Blindness, Wisdom, and Incomprehension in Morkinskinna’, in Anna Katharina Heiniger, Rebecca Merkelbach, Alexander Wilson, eds., *Þáttasyrpa – Studien zu Literatur, Kultur und Sprache in Nordeuropa.* (Beiträge zur nordischen Philologie, Bd. 71, 2022), 209-218.
* Sandaaker, Odd, "*Ágrip* og *Morkinskinna*. Teksthistoriske randnotar." *Maal og Minne* (1996). 31-56.
* Tirosh, Yoav. "Scolding the Skald: The Construction of Cultural Memory in Morkinskinna’s Sneglu-Halla þáttr." *European Journal of Scandinavian Studies* 47.1 (2017): 1-23 (DOI:10.1515/ejss-2017-0001)

## 外部リンク
* Finnur Jónsson. (Ed.) (1932). ''Morkinskinna''. Copenhagen: Samfund til udgivelse af gammel nordisk litteratur. Available in pdf format at septentrionalia.net.
* New *Íslenzk fornrit* edition http://hib.is/index.php?s=bokaflokkar&bok=91
*Comprehensive list of skaldic poetry cited in ''Morkinskinna'', Skaldic Poetry of the Scandinavian Middle Ages.
*Proverbs and proverbial materials in ''Morkinskinna''