open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᐅᑉ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎ

ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᐅᑉ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ, ᑕᐃᔭᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᖓ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᖓ, ᐃᓗᓕᖃᖅᑐᖅ 13-ᓂᒃ ᓇᓕᒧᒌᓂᒃ ᓴᓂᒧᑦ ᐊᐅᐸᖅᑐᓂᒃ (ᖁᓛᓂ ᐊᑖᓂᓗ) ᐊᓯᔾᔨᕐᓂᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᖃᑯᖅᑕᒥᒃ, ᑐᖑᔪᖅᑕᒥᒃ ᑕᖅᓴᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᖃᑦᑖᕐᔪᓛᙳᐊᒥᒃ (ᑕᐃᔭᐅᔪᖅ "ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ") 50-ᓂᒃ ᒥᑭᑦᑐᓂᒃ, ᖃᐅᓪᓗᖅᑕᓂᒃ, ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓂᒃ ᑕᖅᓴᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᓂᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ 9-ᓂᒃ ᓴᓂᓕᕇᓂᒃ,  6-ᖑᔪᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᑦ (ᖁᓛᓂ ᐊᑖᓂᓗ) ᐃᓇᖏᐅᑎᓗᑎᒃ ᒥᑭᑦᑐᒥᑭᑦᑐᑕᓕᕇᓂᒃ,  ᓕᕇᓂᒃ,  ᑎᓗᑎᑕᑎᓗᑎᒃ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᑦ. 50-ᖑᔪᑦ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᖁᑎᒥ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᕗᑦ 50-ᓂᒃ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 13-ᖑᔪᑦ ᑭᔾᔭᖅᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᕗᑦ 13-ᓂᒃ ᐳᕆᑎᔅ ᑲᓚᒻᐱᐊᒥᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 13-ᓂᒃ ᑭᑉᐹᕆᒃᓯᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Star-Spangled Banner-ᒥ.
ᐱᐅᓯᕆᔭᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ
ᑭᖑᓕᕇᒃᑕᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔾᔪᑎᓂᒃ, ᑕᑯᓗᒍ ᖃᖓᒃᑰᕋᔭᕐᓂᖓ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᐅᑉ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᒃᑲᓂ.
ᑕᑯᓗᒍᑦᑕᐅᖅ: ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᖁᑎᑦ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ
ᒫᓐᓇ ᓴᓇᒪᓂᖓ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᒐᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᖓ 27-ᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ; ᐊᐅᓚᖁᑎᐅᑉ ᓴᓇᒪᓂᖓ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 26−ᖏᖅᓱᖅᖢᓂ ᑕᐃᒪᙵᓂᑦ 1777−ᒥᑦ. 48-ᓂᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᙳᐊᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ 47-ᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄᑦ 49-ᓂᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᕆᐊᙳᐊᓂᒃ ᐱᓪᓚᕆᙳᖅᖢᓂ ᔪᓚᐃ 4, 1959-ᒥ. ᑖᓐᓇ 50-ᓯᑖᖅ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᖓ ᑎᓕᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖓᓐᓄᑦ ᐄᓴᓄ ᐋᒍᓯ 21, 1959-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᔪᓚᐃ 1960-ᒥ. ᐊᑯᓂᐅᓛᖑᔪᖅ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᒐᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᖁᑎᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ 62 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ.
ᒥᕕ

**ᒥᕕ** (ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ: *Miffy* / ᑐᑦᔅ: *Nijntje*) ᐱᓪᓚᕆᙳᐊᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑐᖅ ᑎᒃ ᑉᕉᓇᐅᑉ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᖏᓐᓂ.
ᕼᐃᐅᓪᓯᓂᑭ

**ᕼᐃᐅᓪᓯᓂᑭ** (ᐃᓐᓚᓐᑦᑐᑦ: Helsinki; ᔅᕗᕆᑭᑐᑦ: Helsingfors), ᐃᓐᓚᓐᑦ.
ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᕋᑦᓴᓕᕆᔨᑦ

**ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᕋᑦᓴᓕᕆᔨᑦ** (ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ: *Inuit Broadcasting Corporation*) ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᓐ ᑕᓚᕕᓴᓕᕆᔨᐅᕗᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖃᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓄᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ. ᑕᒪᕐᒥᑲᓴᑦᑎᐊᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑕᐅᕙᒃᐳᑦ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ. ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑑᖓᒻᒥᔪᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᕋᓐᓈᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖓᓐᓂᒃ. ᑲᒻᐸᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓂᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᕕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ, ᐃᓄᖕᓂ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ. 1980 ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᕋᑦᓴᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ-ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᑕᓚᕖᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓂ.

## ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ

### ᑕᑯᒋᓇᐃ

ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᑕᕐᕆᔮᒃᓴᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᑦ "ᔮᓂ" ᐊᕕᙵᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐃᓄᙳᐊᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ, ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᑐᙵᓱᒃᑎᑦᑎᔨᓂᒃ, ᑎᑎᖅᑐᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᖕᒥᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᑕᑯᒋᓇᐃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᕙᒃᐳᖅ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᕐᓄᑦ ᐊᓐᓂᕆᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ (ᐃᒃᐱᒋᑦᑎᐊᕐᓗᒋᑦ ᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ, ᐊᒥᖅᑳᖃᑎᖃᖅᐸᖕᓂᖅ ᐅᑕᖅᑭᔪᓐᓇᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᕐᓗ) ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᓪᓗ ᖃᔅᓯᐅᓂᕆᔭᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᖃᓂᐅᔮᖅᐸᐃᑐᓪᓗ. ᑐᓐᓂᖅᑯᓯᐊᑦ ᐃᓚᖃᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᔾᔪᓯᐊᒥᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᓄᑕᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᑕᓚᕖᓴᓄᓪᓗ; ᑐᓐᓂᖅᑯᓯᐊᖅ ᓄᑕᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔮᒃᓴᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᓐᓂ; ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᖃᓘᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᐅᑎᒃᑯᑦ−ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᒐᒃᓴᓕᕆᔨᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᔾᔪᑎᑖᖅᑐᑦ.

### [[ᖃᓄᕐᓕ]]

ᐅᖃᓕᒫᒐᕐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᓄᑦ, ᐅᓪᓗᒥᓕᓴᖅ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᖅᓯᒪᑦᑎᐊᕐᖢᓂᓗ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᔾᔪᐊᒐᒃᓴᐅᙱᖦᖢᓂ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᑦ ᖃᕋᓴᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᕿᓪᓚᔾᔪᒐᒃᑯᑦ, ᐊᔾᔨᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᖏᓐᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᒪᒃᑯᒃᑐᑦ.

### ᐃᓪᓕᓂᖅ

ᐊᒥᓱᑲᓪᓚᐅᔪᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᐅᔪᑦ ᓴᖅᑮᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑐᓴᕈᒥᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ - ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᔨᐅᔪᑦ, ᐃᓄᑐᖃᐅᔪᑦ, ᑎᑎᕋᖅᐸᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᔪᑦ. ᐊᑐᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ ᕿᒥᕐᕈᓲᖑᕗᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᑎᓯᒪᔭᖏᓐᓂᒡᓗ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐅᔾᔨᕐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ.

### ᖃᓄᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᕕᑦ

ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᑕᓚᕖᓴᒃᑯᑐᐊᖅ ᑕᓚᕕᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑦᑎᔪᑦ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᒫᓐᓇ ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᓲᕐᓗ ᓯᓚᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓᓂᒃ, ᓇᓄᕐᓂᒃ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖅ, ᐃᒡᓗᕕᒐᖅ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖓ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᕿᒻᒦᔭᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖅ.

### ᓂᕿᑦᓯᐊᑦ

ᓂᕿᑦᓯᐊᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑎᑦᑎᔪᑦ ᐱᕙᒌᔭᐃᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᓂᕿᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᒡᓗ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓂᕿᑐᖃᖏᓐᓂᑦ, ᖁᕝᕙᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓂᕿᑦᑎᐊᕙᖕᓂᑦ ᓂᕆᓂᕐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᓂᒃᓗ ᓂᕿᖏᓐᓂ ᐃᒪᕐᒥᑦ, ᓯᑯᒥᑦ, ᓄᓇᒥᓪᓗ.

## ᓇᑭᙶᕐᕕᒃ
ᑯᕆᐃ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ

|-
| align="center" colspan="2" |

|-
| align=center colspan=2 |*ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖅ : 애국가 (ᓄᓇᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖅ)*

|-
| align=center colspan=2 style="background:#ffffff;" |
|-
|ᐊᑭᑐᔫᑎᑦ
|ᓯᑑᓪ
|-
|ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖅ
|Yoon Suk-yeol
|-
|ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ
|Han Duck-soo
|-
|ᑐᓐᖓᕕᒃᑯᑦ
|ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒃ
|-
|ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖏᑦ (2019)
|51,709,098
|-
|ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ
|100,210 km2
|-
|ᐅᖃᐅᓰᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ
|ᑯᕆᐃᑎᑐᑦ
|-
|ᒪᓂ
|ᑯᕆᐃᒥᐅᑦ ᓵᓚᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ (KRW)
|-
|ᐃᑭᐊᖅᑭᕕᒃ 
|https://www.korea.net/
|}

**ᑯᕆᐃ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ**—«한국», ᑯᕇᐊᒥᐅᑦ—«대한민국», ᓄᓇᓕᕐᔪᐊᖑᔪᖅ ᑲᓇᓐᓇᖓᓂᑦ ᐊᐃᓯᐊᒥᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᕗᖅ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑯᕆᐊᓐ ᓄᕗᐊᓂ ᐊᒥᖅᑳᖃᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᓄᓇᒥᒃ ᑭᒡᓕᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐅᑯᓇᓂ, North Korea−ᒥ. ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐱᖓᓐᓇᖅᐸᓯᖓ ᑭᒡᓕᐊ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᖁᖅᓱᖅᑕᒥᑦ ᐃᒪᕕᖓᓂ, ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑭᒡᓕᐊ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᔭᐹᓐᒥᑦ. ᓂᒋᐊᓂᑦ ᑯᕇᐊ ᐅᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᑐᐊᖑᓂᕋᖅᖢᓂᑦ ᓄᕗᐊᕐᔪᑯᑖᒥᑦ ᖃᓂᒋᔭᖏᓐᓃᑦᑐᓂᒡᓗ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᓂᑦ. ᐃᓄᒋᐊᕐᓂᖃᖅᐳᖅ 51.75-ᒥᓕᐊᓂᒃ, ᐊᕝᕙᐸᓗᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᓯᑑᓪ(서울) capital-ᒥ, ᑎᓴᒪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᓐᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᖅᔪᐊᕐᒥ.
RTP

**ᓈᓚᐅᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᓚᕖᓴᒃᑯᓪᓗ ᐳᕐᑑᒐᓪ** (**ᓈᑕᐳ**) (ᐳᐊᑎᐅᒌᔅᒥᐅᑦ: *Rádio e Televisão de Portugal, RTP*) ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓄᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑦᓯᔨᐅᕗᑦ ᐳᕐᑑᒍᓪ-ᑯᓐᓄᑦ. ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓲᑦ ᑎᓴᒪᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑕᓚᕖᓴᒃᑯᑦ ᕿᓪᓚᔾᔪᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᖃᕐᕕᖕᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᔅᓯᑲᓪᓚᖕᓂᒃ ᖃᖓᑦᑕᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓴᕕᒐᐅᔭᕐᓂᒃ.
ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂ ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃ

**ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂ ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃ** () – ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖁᔭᐅᕗᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅᐸᒃᑐᑦ: ᖃᖓᑕᓲᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂ ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃᑖᓵᒥ ᐱᒋᐊᓛᓕᖅᐳᑦ ᐱᖓᔪᐊᓂ, ᐋᒌᓯ 9−ᒥᑦ!

ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓗᓂ, ᓄᑕᐅᙱᓐᓂᖅᓴᖅ ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓛᕈᓐᓃᖅᐳᖅ ᑎᑭᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᓄᓪᓗ. ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᓂᐊᕈᕕᑦ ᓂᐅᕝᕕᐅᕆᐊᕐᓂᐊᕈᕕᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᓄᑖᖑᓂᖅᓴᒧᑦ ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᓕᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᑎᑦ 1528−ᒧᑦ ᐅᖓᓕᖅᐹᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᒥ.

ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᐃᓯᕐᕕᐊ ᐅᑮᕕᓕᐊᕆᐊᑉ ᐊᖁᑖᓃᑉᐳᖅ. ᐅᖓᓕᖅᐹᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᖓᓄᑦ ᓴᖑᓗᑎᑦ, ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᕝᕕᐅᑉ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᒍᑦ ᐊᑐᕆᐊᑦᑎᐊᕙᐅᓛᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖔᕐᕕᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑰᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐊᐃᔭᐅᕝᕕᖓᓄᑦ/ᐊᒡᔭᖅᑕᐅᕝᕕᖓᓄᑦ.

ᓱᓕ ᑕᐃᒪᓐᓇ, ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒃᑯᕕᖕᒧᐊᖅᓵᓕᖃᑦᑕᖁᔭᐅᕗᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᖁᔭᐅᒋᕗᑦ ᐋᑐᕚᒧᑦ ᒪᑦᑐᓕᐊᒧᓪᓗ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕐᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᒃᑯᕕᖏᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᓐᓇᖃᑦᑕᔾᔮᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐃᑲᕐᕋᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᖃᖓᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃᓴᖓ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᙱᑎᓪᓗᒍ.
ᐊᑉᑲᓯᐊ

**ᐊᑉᑲᓯᐊ** (ᐊᑉᑲᓯᐊᒦᑐᑦ: *Аԥсны Аҳәынҭқарра*) ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᐅᔪᖅ.

أبخازيا
ᕿᓂᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᐅᓕᑦᓯᓂᖅ

## ᓇᓗᓀ​ᕐᓯᐅᑏᑦ
ᑲᑎᕕᐅᑉ ᐳᓖᓯᖏᑦ ᑭᒡᒐᑐᕐᑎᐅᕗᑦ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᖃᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᓯᓂᕐᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᒥ ᐊᓯᐅᔪᖃᕐᐸᑦ ᕿᓂᕐᓂᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓅᓕᕐᓯᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᑕᐅᓯᐊᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓄᑦ, ᓄᓇᓕᓕᒫᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᖓᔪᕐᖄᓄᑦ. 2012-ᒥᓂᑦ, ᑲᑎᕕᐅᑉ ᐳᓖᓯᖏᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖃᑎᒋᔭᐅᓪᓚᕆᑦᓯᒪᓕᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᑲᑐᑦᔨᔪᑦ ᐃᓅᓕᑦᓯᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᓯᕕᒻᒥᒃ (ᐃᖏᕐᕋᑎᑕᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐅᓇᑕᕐᑎᓄᑦ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᖃᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓯᑦᔭᖓᓂ ᐃᑉᐱᒍᓱᑦᑏᑦ) ᕿᓂᕐᓂᖃᕆᐊᖃᓕᕐᐸᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᒥ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑎᒻᒥᔫᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖕᖓᓯᒪᔪᓂ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᕕᐅᑉ ᑭᓪᓕᖏᓐᓂ.

ᐊᐅᓚᓚᖓᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᓕᒫᑦ ᓯᑦᔭᖏᓐᓂ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᖃᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊᓐᓇᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᒋᒐᔭᕐᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑦᑕᓀᑦᑐᒦᒍᑎᒋᒐᔭᕐᑕᒥᓂᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓂᖃᕆᐊᖃᕐᓂᒥᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑌᒪᖕᖓᑦ ᐊᑦᔭᓯᒋᐊᖃᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᓈᒻᒪᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᐅᒃᑯᑎᓂᒃ ᐃᓅᒐᓱᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᒥᓂᒃ.

ᓄᓇᒦᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᕿᓂᕐᓂᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓅᓕᑦᓯᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂ​ᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒉᑦ

ᓄᓇᒥ, ᑕᓯᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑰᒻᒥ ᕿᓂᕐᓂᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓅᓕᑦᓯᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᓂᒃ ᐸᕐᓀᓯᒪᐅᑏᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᒪᓂᒪᑎᑦᓯᕗᑦ ᐱᖓᓱᐃᓕᖓᔪᓂᒃ ᐱᓪᓚᕆᑉᐸᓕᐊᒍᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐅᐃᒪᓇᕐᑐᖃᓕᕐᐸᑦ. ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᐳᕐᑐᓕᕇᑦ ᐃᓗᓕᖃᕐᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᐊᑦᔨᒌᖕᖏᑐᓂᒃ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᒋᐊᕈᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐸᕐᓀᓯᒪᐅᑎᑦᓴᓂᒃ.

### ᐳᕐᑐᓂᖅ 1
ᐊᑑᑎᔭᖅ A: ᐃᓄᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᓯᓚᑖᓂ ᐅᑎᖕᖏᒪᑕ ᐱᖏᒋᔭᐅᓕᕐᓱᑎᒃ ᑎᑭᒻᒣᑑᒻᒪᑕ ᐁᕕᒋᓂᐊᕐᑕᕕᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓇᔪᕆᐊᓚᖓᔭᕕᓂᕐᒥᓄᑦ.

ᐱᐅᓯᕆᔭᖅ B: ᐃᓄᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐁᔭᐅᑲᓪᓚᒐᓱᐊᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᕐᑐᒦᓕᕐᓂᒥᓄᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᓯᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᑲᐱᒋᐊᖃᕐᑐᖃᓕᕐᐸᑦ.

#### '''ᐊᑑᑎᔭᖅ A-ᒦᑦᑐᒧᑦᓭᓇ​ᖅ:'''

* ᐃᓄᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᒥᐅᒍᑉᐸᑦ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓚᓐᓈᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᕿᓂᕐᖄᓲᑦ ᐃᓄᒃ ᐱᖏᒋᔭᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᑎᕐᒣᑑᒻᒪᖔᑦ (ᖃᐅᔨᒪᒍᓐᓀᓗᓂ ᐱᖏᒋᔭᐅᓂᕐᒥᓂᒃ) ᖃᐅᔨᒐᓱᐊᕐᖄᕆᐊᖃᕋᔭᕐᑐᑦ;
* ᐃᓚᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓚᓐᓈᒥᓄᑦ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᖕᖏᐸᑦ, ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᓯᕗᓕᕐᑎ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᑎᓯᒐᔭᕐᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᐅᐃᒪᓇᕐᑐᖃᓕᕐᐸᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᑎᑦᓯᒍᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᐸᕐᓀᓯᒪᐅᑏᑦ, ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᓯᓗᓂᓗ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᑎᓯᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᒥ ᕿᓂᕐᑐᓂᒃ;
* ᐃᓄᒃ ᐊᓯᐅᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᒥᐅᒍᖕᖏᐸᑦ, ᑲᑎᕕᐅᑉ ᐳᓖᓯᒃᑯᖏᑦᑕ ᐊᖓᔪᕐᖄᖓ ᕿᓄᕕᖃᓲᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᓯᕗᓕᕐᑎᒥᒃ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓯᑎᑦᓯᖁᑦᓱᒍ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᐅᐃᒪᓇᕐᑐᖃᓕᕐᐸᑦ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᒐᑦᓴᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᓗᒋᑦ ᐸᕐᓀᓯᒪᐅᑏᑦ, ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᓯᓗᓂᓗ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᑎᓯᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᒥ ᕿᓂᕐᑐᓂᒃ;

#### '''ᐊᑑᑎᔭᖅ B-ᒦᑦᑐᒧᑦᓭᓇᖅ:'''

* ᑲᑎᕕᐅᑉ ᐳᓖᓯᖏᑦᑕ ᐊᖓᔪᕐᖄᖓ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᑕᐅᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᓯᕗᓕᕐᑎᒧᑦ ᖃᓄᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᔦᓂᐅᒋᐊᓕᓐᓂᒃ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᓯᒐᔭᕐᑐᖅ;
* ᑲᑎᕕᐅᑉ ᐳᓖᓯᖏᑦᑕ ᐊᖓᔪᕐᖄᖓ ᑐᑭᑖᕈᓐᓇᕋᔭᕐᑐᖅ ᑕᒉᓐᓇᖅ ᐳᕐᑐᓰᒋᐊᕐᓗᓂ ᐊᓯᐅᒪᔪᒥᒃ ᕿᓂᕐᓂᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓅᓕᑦᓯᒐᓱᐊᕐᓂᒥᒃ ᐃᓕᓗᒋᑦ ᐳᕐᑐᓂᖅ 3-ᒧᑦ.
ᐊᓯᖕᒥᖅ ᕿᑭᖅᑐᐊᓕᒃ (Asingmiq qikiqtualik)

(Chocolate brownie)  ᐊᖃᐅᔭᓐᓄᑦ ᐳᓚᐅᖃᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᔭᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᑎᓐᓄᑦᑐᖅ, ᒥᒃᓵᓐᓄᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒧᔭᓐᓄᑦᑐᖅ, ᐃᓄᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᔭᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᐊᒻᒪᒃ ᑲᐅᔪᖓᕐᔪᑎᖃᖅ ᐃᓄᖃᐳᓝᖅ. ᐊᕆᓇᐅᔪᖅᑎᖃᖅ ᐱᐊᓇᔭᖅᑎᖃᖅ ᐊᑦᖅᑐᔭᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᔭᓐᓄᑦᑐᖅᑎᖃᖅ, ᐊᓄᑦᑐᖅᑎᖃᖅ (ᒥᒃᓵᓄᑦ, ᐅᒪᓕᖅᔪᖅ, ᐳᒪᐊᐸᑦᑐᖅ, ᐊᑕᖃᓕᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᓄᒃᑲᑦ, ᐊᖃᕐᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᑐᖅᑐᖅ). ᐃᖃᐅᓯᐊᖅᑎᖃᖅ ᐊᓄᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᖃᑦᑐᖅ ᐳᓚᐅᖃᑦᑎᓐᓄᑦᑐᖅ ᓇᓇᐅᔭᖃᖅᑐᖅ 1897 ᓯᐊᖅᓴᖅ ᐃᑎᐊᓇᐸᑦᑎᖃᖅ. ᐃᖃᑦᑐᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᓄᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᖃᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᓄᖅᑯᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᖃᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᔭᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᒥᒃᓴᐊᔭᖅᑎᖃᖅ ᐊᑦᖅᑐᔭᖅᑐᖅ. ᐃᖃᐅᓯᐊᖅᑎᖃᖅ ᐊᓄᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᖃᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᖃᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᖃᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᓄᖅᑯᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓄᑦᑐᖅ ᐃᖃᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᔭᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᒥᒃᓴᐊᔭᖅ
ᐊᑦᔨᔭ

**ᐊᑦᔨᔭ** (ᐊᑦᔨᔭᕐᒥᐅᑦ: *Адыгэ Республик* / ᐅᓛᓯᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ: *Республика Адыгея*) ᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐅᓛᓴᒥᙶᖅᑐᖅ.
ᐱᖓᓱᓄᑦ-ᐃᑲᕐᕋᖅᓄᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ - ᐊᑕᖐᔪᖅ

ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᒐᒃᓴᖅ ᑕᑖᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐱᓂᖅᓴᐅᖃᑦᑕᔾᔮᔪᓐᓃᖅᖢᓂ

ᕿᓂᖅᐲᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᒃᑐᑦ? ᐱᖓᓱᓄᑦ ᐃᑲᕐᕋᖅᓄᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎ ᐃᓄᒃᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕐᓄᑦ ᐅᖃᓪᓚᒍᓯᖓᓗ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᑎᑦᓯᓂᐊᕐᒥᔪᒍᑦ ᖃᓄᖅ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᑭᓇᐅᖕᒪᖔᖅᐱᑦ.

ᐱᒋᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᑎᑦᓯᔪᖅ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᓂᖓᓂᑦ ᐃᓄᒃᑐᑦ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓂᓪᓗ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅᑕᖅᓂ ᐱᓕᒻᒪᑦᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᕕᖃᕐᓂᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᐊᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᖅᑕᐅᑲᐅᑎᒋᓗᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᖃᖅᓱᑎᒃ ᐱᕈᕐᕕᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᑎᑦᓯᔨᖓᓂᑦ.

ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑕᐅᓂᖓ 2:

ᐅᑐᐱᕆ 21, 2022 1:15−ᒥᑦ − 2:45−ᒧᑦ ᐅᓐᓄᒃᓴᒃᑯᑦ
ᐅᑐᐱᕆ 24, 2022 1:15−ᒥᑦ − 2:45−ᒧᑦ ᐅᓐᓄᒃᓴᒧᑦ
 
ᐱᒋᐊᕐᕕᖓ: 
ᐊᒃᑐᐸ 21, 2022
ᐃᓱᓕᕝᕕᖓ: 
ᐊᒃᑐᐸ 24, 2022
ᓇᓂ: 
ᐃᑭᐊᖅᑭᕕᒃᑯᑎᒍᑦ
ᓄᓇᓕᒃ: 
ᓄᓇᕘᓕᒫᒥ
ᓇᒦᓐᓂᖓ ᐊᕕᖅᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᑦ: 
Iqaluit
ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᑲᓐᓂᕈᒪᒍᕕᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒃᑲᕐᓗᒍ: 
ᑳᑎ ᒪᑳᓚᕝ
ᐊᑎᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᓂᕐᒧ ᑦ ᐃᓱᓕᕝᕕᖓ:: 
ᐊᒃᑐᐸ 20, 2022
ᑐᕌᕈᑏᑦ ᐃᕐᖐᓐᓈᖅᑕᐅᒃᑯᑦ: 
ᐱᓇᓱᒍᑎ ᑎᑎᕋᕝᕕᒋᔭᕆᐊᓕᒃ
ᐱᔭᕇᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᓇᔫᑎᒧᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᒃᓴᑦ ᐴᖅᑲᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᓖᑦ ᖃᕋᓴᐅᔭᕐᒧᑦ, ᑎᑎᕋᙳᖅᑎᑕᐅᓗᓂ ᐊᑎᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᒧᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗ ᑲᒪᔨᖓᓄᑦ. ᐃᓚᐅᖃᑕᐅᓇᓱᒍᑎᓕᒫᑦ ᐊᖏᖅᑕᐅᓲᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᔪᓄᑦ−ᖃᐃᔪᓄᑦ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓗᑎᒃ.
Elmers End

## ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃ
ᐃᐅᓪᒧᔅ ᐃᓱᐊ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᑯᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᑯᑖᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ tram terminus in Elmers End, South London, ᐃᖕᓚᓐᒥ. London Borough of Bromley−ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᑯᑖᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᖓᓂ 11 ᒪᐃᓕᓂᒃ 7−ᓂᒃ ᑭᑉᐹᕆᒃᓯᓕᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ (17.8 ᑭᓚᒦᑕᓂᒃ) ᓛᓐᑕᓐ ᓵᖕᒃ−ᒥᙶᖅᑐᖅ.

ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᑯᑖᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᖓ ᐃᐅᓪᒧᔅ ᐃᓱᐊᓂ ᐅᒃᑯᐃᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᐅᑉ ᐊᐃᕐᕆᓕ 1, 1864-ᒥ ᐅᖓᕙᕆᐊᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᕿᑎᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᓂᐅ ᕙᑲᓐᕼᐋᒻ−ᒥ ᐃᓚᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ; ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᑦᑕᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ, ᒪᑐᐃᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᒪᐃ 29, 1882-ᒥ ᕼᐊᐃᔅ-ᒧᑦ ᑕᕝᕙᓂ. ᐃᓚᖓ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖓᔫᑉ ᐃᓚᔅᑳᒻᑉᒧᑦ, ᐊᑦᑎᖅᑕᐅᙵᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ Croydon (Addiscombe Road), ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1997−ᒥ Tramlink−ᑯᑦ ᑐᒥᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑎᒍᓯᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ Elmers End−ᒥ.

Hayes line-ᑯᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᖅᑐᑦ Suburban commuter ᐊᖅᑯᑎᑯᑖᒃᑯᑦ Hayes ᐊᒻᒪ London Charing Cross-ᑯᑦ Elmers End-ᑯᑦ ᓱᓕ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕗᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᐅᓪᒧᔅ ᐃᓱᐊᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᖅᑯᑎ (A214), ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑎᕆᖅᑯᐊᓂ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᓄᐊᕗᑦ ᒥᙳᐃᖅᓯᕕᖕᒥ.

ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᑐᙵᕕᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᒫᓐᓇ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᕆᔭᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᑐᕋᒻᓕᓐᒃ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᐅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᕿᑎᖅᐸᓯᐊᓄᑦ Croydon-ᒧᑦ.

## ᐊᒃᑐᐊᓂᓕᒃ
(ᑭᐊᓐᑦ ᓚᐃᕝ)
ᐊᖅᓵᖅᑑᔭᖅ ᐃᑳᕐᕕᒃ

Charing Cross railway-ᑯᑦ (ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ London Charing Cross) ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ London railway-ᒧᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᑯᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᑯᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ Hungerford ᐃᑳᕐᕕᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᒥ Westminster-ᒥ. ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅᑕᕆᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖓᔪᓂ ᐊᔅᕗᑦᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᓐᐳᕆᔾ ᐅᐃᓪᔅ-ᑯᑦ. ᐱᓕᒻᒪᒃᓴᕐᓂᓕᒫᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᕗᑦ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ, ᐱᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᓄᕐᓂᖅᓴᓂ ᓂᐅᕕᐊᒃᓴᖃᖅᑎᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᓂ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᐅᑎᓂᑦ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᖕᒧᑦ−ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑭᐊᓐᑦᒧᑦ. ᐊᑕᔪᖅ ᐃᑳᕐᕕᖕᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Embankment Pier-ᒧᑦ ᖃᓂᖦᖢᓂ.

ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᒪᑐᐃᖅᑕᐅᕐᖓᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᐅᑉ 1864−ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᐊᑎᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᓕᒃ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᒧᑦ ᓂᑲᖅᑕᖅᑎᓄᑦ, "ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ" ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᒥᑦ ᐆᒃᑐᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. 1900-ᖏᓐᓃᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ London-ᖑᓪᓗᐊᑕᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐅᒥᐊᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᕙᒃᑐᓄᑦ ᐊᔪᕈᓐᓃᖅᓴᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ ᖃᔅᓯᑲᓪᓚᖕᓂᒃ ᐱᕐᔪᐊᕌᓗᖕᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᓂᕆᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂᒃ. ᓱᕋᒻᒪᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᖁᓛᑕ ᑲᑕᓐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓᓄᑦ 1905-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᒃᑲᓐᓂᒻᒪᕆᓚᐅᖅᑐᓂ, ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓕᖅᑐᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᓇᓕᔅᓴᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐅᓇᑕᕕᔾᔪᐊᖅᑐᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ I.
ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐅᓇᑕᕕᔾᔪᐊᕐᓂᖅ I

ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐅᓇᑕᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓂᖅ I ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᐅᓇᑕᕕᒡᔪᐊᕐᓂᖅ (28 ᔪᓚᐃ 1914 – ᓄᕕᐱᕆ 11, 1918) ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓪᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ: ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᕿᑎᐊᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᓴᙱᓂᕆᔭᐅᔪᑦ. ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂ, ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ, Africa, Pacific, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓚᖓ ᐋᔅᑎᐊᒥ. ᐃᓚᖓ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᖅ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᕕᓂᕐᒥ, ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᓇᓚᐅᑦᑖᖅᑕᓂ 9 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᑦ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ 23 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐃᓅᔪᓐᓃᕐᖢᑎᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓱᓕ 5 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓅᔪᓐᓃᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᓂ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᓂᑦ. ᒥᓕᐊᖏᓐᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᑐᖁᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ genocide-ᒧᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᓇᑕᕐᓂᖅ ᐱᔾᔪᑕᐅᓪᓗᐊᑕᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ 1918-ᒥ ᓯᐹᓂᔅᒥ ᖃᓂᒻᒪᒍᑕᐅᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᒥᒃ.
A214

ᑖᓐᓇ A214 ᐊᖅᑯᑎᓪᓗᐊᑕᐅᕗᖅ, ᐃᓚᖓ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᐅᙱᖦᖢᓂ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ,  ᐃᖕᓚᓐᐅᕙᙶᖅᑐᖅ  ᐅᐊᓐᔅᕘᑦ ᐅᐊᔅᑦ ᐅᐃᒃHᐋᒻ.
Addiscombe Road station

Addiscombe railway-ᒧᑦ ᐃᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖔᖓᓂ ᕿᑎᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ Croydon-ᒥ, ᐊᑦᑎᖕᓂᕐᓴᒥ ᐃᓚᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᒥ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᐅᑉ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᐃᑦᑑᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᒧᑦ. East India Way-ᑯᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᐅᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᐳᖅ.

## ᐱᐅᓯᕆᔭᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ
ᐅᒃᑯᐃᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᕿᑎᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ−ᑭᓐᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᖓᓂ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᐅᑉ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᐅᑉ 1923−ᒥ. ᐃᓚᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᑐᙵᕕᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᖃᑦᑖᕐᔪᓛᖃᕐᔪᐊᖅᖢᓂ, ᐊᖏᔪᒻᒪᕆᐊᓘᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᕿᑯᖅ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃ ᓱᒃᑲᐃᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᕐᒥ ᐅᓇᑕᕕᒡᔪᐊᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ.

ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᒥ 1948-ᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂᙶᖅᑐᑦ British Railways-ᒥ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ.

1956-ᒥ ᑐᙵᕕᐅᔪᖅ 3 ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐲᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᖁᑎᑦ ᓯᓚᑎᖓ ᒪᑐᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ 1968-ᒥ. ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᐱᓕᒻᒪᒃᓴᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᓚᓐᑕᓐᒧᑦ ᖁᔭᓈᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓂᖓ ᒥᒃᖠᒋᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᒡᔭᖅᑕᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑕᐃᑯᖓ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᐅᓪᒧᔅ ᐃᓱᐊᓄᑦ. 1993-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᐅᑉ ᐃᓂᖓ ᒪᑐᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᑕᐃᑲᓂᑦᑕᐃᓐᓇᕐᓗ ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᖃᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᙱᖦᖢᓂ PERTIS−ᒧᑦ ᖃᖓᑦᑕᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐃᓯᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᓯᓚᑖᓂ.

ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᒻᒪᑦ, ᑖᓐᓇ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᔨᓄᑦ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᓂᒃ ᓂᒋᐊᓂᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ British Rail-ᒧᑦ, ᑖᓐᓇ Connex South East-ᒧᑦ ᐱᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ. ᐊᕐᕌᒎᓵᖅᑐᓂ ᐱᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔫᑉ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖓᓂᒃ "ACM"[1] ᓄᒃᑕᕐᓂᕐᒧᓪᓗ ᐃᓂᒦᖦᖢᓂ 5−ᒥ.
Hayes station

ᕼᐊᐃᔅ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᑯᑖᓄᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᑯᑖᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᕼᐊᐃᔅᒥ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ ᕘᕈᕝᒥ ᑉᕋᒻᓕᒥ, ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ, ᐃᖕᓚᓐᒥ. 14 ᒪᐃᓕᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᓕᒃ 32-ᓂᒃ (23.2 ᑭᓚᒦᑕᓂᒃ) ᓚᓐᑕᓐ ᓵᕆᖕ ᑯᕌᔅ-ᒥᑦ.

ᐃᓯᕐᕕᓪᓗᐊᑕᖓ ᕿᑎᐊᓃᑉᐳᖅ ᓂᐅᕕᕋᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᐃᓂᖓᓂ, ᐱᖃᑖ ᐹᖓ ᓄᓇᓯᐅᑎᐅᑉ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᖅᓯᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᓄᑕᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥ.

ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᕕᐅᕙᒃᐳᖅ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᓂᕆᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂᑦ ᐅᑯᓇᙵᑦ, Charing Cross ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Cannon Street. ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᔾᔪᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᕐᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᒻᒪᒃᓴᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᕼᐄᔅ−ᒧᑦ. ᐃᒻᒪᓂᓴᕐᓄᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ, ᐅᐃᒻᒪᒃᑕᐃᓕᒪᓗᓂᓗ ᕼᐊᐃᔅ ᐊᒻᒪ Hᐋᓕᖕᑕᓐ, ᐱᓕᕆᕝᕕᒃ ᓱᓕ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᓲᖅ "Hayes (Kent)" ᖃᖓᒃᑰᕋᔭᕐᓂᖏᑦ.

## ᐊᒃᑐᐊᓂᓕᒃ
(ᑭᐊᓐᑦ ᓚᐃᕝ)
ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᖓ ᐱᖑᑦ

ᐊᐅᓚᖁᑎᖓ ᐱᓪᒍᕌᑦ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᓪᓚᕆᐅᕗᖅ (ᐃᓚᓕᐅᔾᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᓖᒃᑭᒃ) ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᑉ ᐱᖑᑦ. ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᖓ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐅᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑕᐅᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑎᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᒥᑦ. ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᓴᐃᒻᒪᑎᖓ ᐊᖏᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᔪᓚᐃ 22, 1999-ᒥ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓪᒍᕌᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐃᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᓐᓄᑦ. 

## ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᐊᑕᖅᑐᖅ
ᑳᓇᓐ ᓯᑐᕆᑦ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᒃ

Cannon Street Station, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ London Cannon Street, London railwaywayway-ᖑᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᑦᑕᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ London ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᕐᕕᐅᓲᖅ 1-ᒥ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᖢᓂ Cannon Street-ᒥ London-ᒥ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ Network Rail-ᑯᓐᓄᑦ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓄᑦ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ ᑕᐃᒎᓯᓕᒃ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ, ᐱᖃᑖ ᐊᖅᓵᕋᕐᕕᒃ, ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ ᐃᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᖕᒪᓗᖅᓯᓯᒪᔪᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᓂ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖅᑐᓂ, ᐊᑯᓐᓂᖏᓐᓂ Monument and Mansion House. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᑎᕙᒃᐳᖅ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᓂᕆᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ, ᐱᓗᐊᙳᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᓂᕿᓕᐅᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᓂᒋᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ London ᐊᒻᒪᓗ Kent−ᒥ, ᖃᑯᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᕕᖃᖅᐸᒃᖢᑎᒃ.
ᓚᓐᑕᓐ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ

**London ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ** (ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ nickname the Tube) ᓱᒃᑲᔪᒥᒃ ᓄᒃᑕᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ London−ᒥ ᐃᓚᖏᓪᓗ ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓃᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖏᑕ ᓈᓴᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ Buckinghamshire, Essex ᐊᒻᒪ Hertfordshire−ᒥ ᐃᖕᓚᓐᒥ.

ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐃᑭᐊᖓᓂ ᐱᒋᐊᕐᕕᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ Metropolitan Railway−ᒥ, ᐅᒃᑯᐃᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᔭᓄᐊᕆ 10, 1863−ᒥ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐃᑭᐊᖓᓂ ᐃᑭᒪᔪᑦ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᑯᑖᖑᓪᓗᓂ. ᒫᓐᓇ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᖕᒪᓗᖅᓯᓯᒪᔪᒧᑦ, ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᒧᑦ, Hammersmith >ᑦᑎᐊᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ Metropolitan lines−ᓄᑦ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅ ᑐᑭᓕᐊᖓᔪᖅ ᐊᐅᓚᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ ᐅᐊᔭᓅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᓲᑎᑦ, ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓴᐅᑦ ᓛᓐᑕᓐ ᐊᖅᑯᑎᖓᓂ 1890-ᒥ, ᒫᓐᓇ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐅᐊᔭᓄᑦ.
ᑭᐊᓐᑦ ᓚᐃᕝ

# Hayes
# West Wickham
# Eden Park
# Elmers End
# Clock House
# New Beckenham
# Lower Sydenham
# Catford Bridge
# Ladywell
# Lewisham
Thames

ᑰᑦ ᑕᒻᔅ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓯᐊᒍᑦ ᑰᑉ ᐃᔅᐱᔅ, ᑰᖑᔪᖅ ᓂᒡᒋᐊᓂ ᐃᖕᓚᓐ ᐱᖃᓯᐅᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ. 215 ᒪᐃᓕᓂᒃ (346 ᑭᓚᒦᑕᓂᒃ), ᑕᑭᓛᖑᔪᖅ ᑰᒃ ᐃᖕᓚᓐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐸᐅᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ United Kingdom-ᒥ, ᑰᒃ ᐊᓂᒍᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ.

ᑰᒃ ᒪᑭᖦᖢᓂ Thames Head-ᒥ Gloucestershire-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑰᒃᖢᓂ North Sea-ᒧᑦ Tilbury-ᒥ, Essex ᐊᒻᒪ Gravesend, Kent-ᑯᑦ, Thames Estuary-ᑯᑦ. ᐱᖓᖕᓇᖔᖓᓂ, ᐃᖏᕐᕋᓲᖅ ᐋᒃᔅᕗᑦᑯᑦ (ᐃᓛᓐᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᕙᒃᖢᓂ Isis), ᐅᖃᓕᒫᖅᖢᓂ, Henley-on-Thames ᐊᒻᒪ Windsor. Thames-ᑯᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᑯᕕᑎᑦᑎᖃᑦᑕᕐᒥᔪᑦ ᓚᓐᑕᓐ-ᒥᒃ.
NiziU

**NiziU** (Japanese: **ニジュー**, ᑯᕆᐊᑎᑐᑦ :니쥬) ᓃᑉᐊᓐ ᐊᕐᓇᐃᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 2020-ᒥ, South Korean Agency JYP Entertainment, ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ Sonyᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᐱᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᑑᑭᐅ.
Toronto

**ᑐᕌᓐᑐ** ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ ᐋᓐᑎᐅᕆᐅᒥ. ᐃᓄᖃᖅᖢᓂ 2,794,356−ᓂᒃ 2021−ᒥ, ᐊᖏᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑎᓴᒪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᒥ (ᐃᓚᐅᙱᖦᖢᓂ urban ᐃᓂᓂ) ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᐅᑉ. ᒎᓪᑕᓐ ᕼᐃᐅᔅᕼᐅᐃ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ, urban aglomeration of 9,765,188 ᐃᓄᐃᑦ (2021-ᒥ) ᐱᖓᓐᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓃᖦᖢᓂ ᑕᓯᖅ ᐋᓐᑎᐅᕆᐅ, ᑐᕌᓐᑐᒥᑦ ᐃᓄᖃᖅᖢᓂ 6,712,341-ᓂᒃ 2021-ᒥ. ᑐᕌᓐᑐ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᕆᓪᓗᓂ, ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᔪᓂᑦ, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᖃᑎᒌᙱᓛᖑᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥᑦ.
File:Map_of_Ontario_GOLDEN_HORSESHOE.svg|link=Fichier:Map_of_Ontario_GOLDEN_HORSESHOE.svg|ᑐᕌᓐᑐ ᐋᓐᑎᐅᕆᐅᒥ megalopolis-ᒥ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᒎᑕᓐ ᕼᐅᓱ.
File:Toronto_map.png|link=Fichier:Toronto_map.png|ᓄᓇᙳᐊᖅ ᑐᕌᓐᑐ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖓᓂ.
ᐃᑯᒪᐊᓗᒃ

**ᐃᑯᒪᐊᓗᒃ** - ᓯᓚᒥᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᒋᑦᑐᖅ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑐᓕᖅ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᑯᑎᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᒧᑦ.
ᐱᐅᕆᔅ

**ᐱᐅᕆᔅ** ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ ᕗᕌᓐᓯᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᑐᐃᓐᓇᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᑦ. ᐊᕕᒃᑐᕐᓯᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ 20-ᓄᑦ ᑭᖑᓕᕇᓄᑦ, ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᖅ èle-de-France-ᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ Greater Paris metropolis-ᑯᓐᓄᑦ.

## ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ
ᐱᐅᕆᔅ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐆᒻᒪᑎᖓᓂ ᐊᖏᔪᒥ ᐃᔾᔪᖃᖅᑐᒥ ᐃᔾᔪᖃᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓯᓚᑦᑎᐊᕙᐅᓪᓗᓂ.

## ᐃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓴᓕᕆᓂᖅ

File:Notre-Dame de Paris 2013-07-24.jpg|ᐃᒃᓯᕋᕐᔪᐊᒃᑯᑦ Notre-Dame de Paris
File:Paris 75018 Basilique du Sacré-Cœur south facade stairs 20041107 (1).jpg|The Basilica of the Sacred Heart.
File:Arcdetriomphe 2.jpg|Arc de Triomphe
File:Musée d'Orsay, North-West view, Paris 7e 140402.jpg|ᑕᑯᔭᒐᖃᕐᕕᒃ D'Orsay
File:Dôme des Invalides, Paris 15 May 2014.jpg|Les Invalides
File:Paris Opera full frontal architecture, May 2009.jpg|ᐆᐸ Garnier
ᕉᒥ

**ᕉᒥ** ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᐃᑕᓕᒥ. ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ ᓛᓯᐅᒥ, ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᒥᑐᐴᓕᑕᓐ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖓᓂ ᕉᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᑲᓐᓄᔭᖅ (ᕼᐋᒻᒪᓚᒃᑯᑦ) ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑐᖅ Comune di Roma capitale. 2,860,009-ᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖃᖅᖢᓂ 1,285 km2-ᓂᒃ (496.1 sq mi), ᕉᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖅᐹᖑᕗᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᖓᔪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᒥ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᒥ ᑭᒡᓕᒋᑎᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ.
ᐊᐅᐸᐃᓂᐊ

| align=center colspan=2 |

|-
| align=center colspan=2 style=background:#ffffff |
|-
| align=center colspan=2 style=background:#ffffff | 
|-
|**ᐊᑭᑐᔪᖅᑑᑎ**
|ᑎᕋᓇ
|-
|**ᐋᓪᐹᓂᐊ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖓ**
|Bajram Begaj
|-
|**ᐋᓪᐹᓂᐊ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ**
|Edi Rama
|-
|ᐃᓄᒋᐊᕐᔪᐊᖏᑦ (2021)
|3,088,385
|-
|ᐃᑭᐊᖅᑭᕕᒃ 
|https://www.kryeministria.al
|}

ᐋᓪᐹᓂᐊ ᓄᓇᖓ ᐱᖓᓐᓇᖅᐸᓯᐊᓂ ᓇᔪᕐᕕᐊᖓᓂ ᐃᓚᐅᖃᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ. ᐋᓪᐹᓂᐊ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᐊᖑᔪᖅ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᕐᒥ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᐃᓂᖅ.

ᓯᕗᓂᐊᓃᑉᐳᖅ ᑮᓇᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᓐᓂᐊᖅᑑᑎ ᓄᑯᕆᐊᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᑦᑕᓕ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ 80 ᑭᓚᒦᑕᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᓐᓂᖃᕐᒪᑦ ᐆᑐᕋᓐᑐ ᑲᓇᓪ (Otranto Canal).

ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕐᖓᓂ ᐋᓪᐹᓂᐊᒥ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᐋᓪᐹᓐ. ᐊᒥᓱᓪᓗ ᐋᓪᐹᓂᐊᒥ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕐᖓᓂ ᑯᓱᕗᒥᐅᑦ (Gjuha Shqipe).

## ᐊᔾᔨᙳᐊᑦ

File:Gjipe beach, Albania.JPG|Gjipe
File:Valbona nga Kukaj.jpg|Albanian Alps
File:Tirana from South.jpg|ᑎᕋᓇ
File:CIty of Saranda Albania 2016.jpg|Saranda
ᕼᐃᓐᕆᒃ ᕼᐃᒻᓗ

**ᕼᐃᓐᕆᒃ ᓗᐃᑦ ᕼᐃᒻᓗ** (ᔫᒪᓐ *Heinrich Luitpold Himmler*; 1900-1945) ᔮᒪᓂᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᔨᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᙳᐊᖑᓪᓗᓂ, ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓪᓗᐊᑕᕆᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓇᐃᓯ ᔮᒪᓂᒥ. ᕆᑯᔅᕝᕗᐊ SS-ᖑᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ, ᕆᑯ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓗᐊᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖑᓪᓗᓂ RSHA-ᑯᓐᓄᑦ. ᕼᐃᒻᓗ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᖀᓕᒃᓯᓂᕐᒥᒃ Holocaust-ᒥᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ Nazi-ᓂᒃ ᐱᕋᔭᒍᑕᐅᔪᓂᒃ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᓱᓕ, ᐱᔪᒪᓂᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ occult and esoteric practices. ᐅᓇᑕᕇᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᕼᐃᒻᓗ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓇᓱᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓴᐃᒪᓇᖅᑐᓂᑦ ᐅᖃᖃᑎᒌᑦᑐᓂᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑎᒍᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒻᒥᓃᖅᑐᓂ ᑎᒍᔭᐅᒪᕕᒻᒥᑦ.
Cf

, Cf ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᐸᓗᖏᑦ ᑐᑭᖃᑐᐃᓐᓇᕆᐊᓖᑦ: ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᓐᑯᑦ.
ᑳᖕ ᑭᖕ

ᕼᐋᖕ ᑳᖕ ᐊᔾᔨᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓴᐃᓇᒥᑦ. 7.4 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ 1,104-ᓂᒃ ᑭᑉᐹᕆᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᑭᓚᒦᑕᓂᒃ (426 sq mi) ᓄᓇᕘᒥ, ᓂᖅᑐᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑯᖕ ᑎᓴᒪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ.

ᓂᖅᑐᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑳᖕ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐳᕆᑎᔅ ᑲᓚᒻᐱᐊᒥᙶᖅᖢᓂ ᕿᖕᖓᔅᑎ ced Hong Kong Island-ᒥ 1841-1842-ᒥ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᐅᓇᑕᕕᒡᔪᐊᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᑎᖕᒥᐊᖑᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᐊᖏᒡᓕᒋᐊᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ Kowloon Peninsula-ᒧᑦ 1860-ᒥ ᐅᖓᕙᕆᐊᖅᑕᐅᒃᑲᓐᓂᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂᓗ United Kingdom-ᑯᑦ 99-ᓄᑦ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᐊᖅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅ 1898-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᕼᐋᖕ ᑳᖕ ᐃᓄᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᔭᐹᓐᒧᑦ 1941-ᒥᑦ 1945-ᒧᑦ ᐅᓇᑕᕕᒡᔪᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ II- ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ United Kingdom−ᒥᑦ ᓴᐃᓇᒧᑦ 1997−ᒥᑦ. ᓂᖅᑐᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑳᖕ ᑲᔪᓯᑎᑦᑎᕙᒃᐳᖅ ᐃᓛᒃᑰᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᕝᕕᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᖕᓂᕐᒧᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᑲᙵᑦ ᓄᓇᖅᐸᓯᒃᑐᒥᑦ ᓴᐃᓇᒥᑦ ᑐᙵᕕᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᒋᔭᐅᔪᒧᑦ, ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓄᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᓄᑦ.

ᐃᓄᒋᐊᒃᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᕈᕐᓰᕕᖕᓂᑦ ᐃᖃᓗᒐᓱᒡᕕᖕᓂᓪᓗ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᒥᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓛᖑᖃᑕᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᕆᕝᕕᖕᓂᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᐊᕐᕕᖕᓂᓪᓗ. ᓂᖅᑐᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑳᖕ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑎᓴᒪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᕆᕝᕕᐅᕗᖅ, 9-ᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓯᓚᑖᓂᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪ 8-ᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐸᓂᒃ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓯᓚᑖᓂᙶᖅᑐᓂᒃ. ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ, ᓂᖅᑐᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑳᖕ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ, 9-ᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᑕᐅᖅᓰᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᒥ. ᐊᖏᕐᕋᖅ 7-ᒋᔭᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓛᓄᑦ ᐱᓕᐊᓐᓂᒃ ᓇᒥᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥᑦ, ᓂᖅᑐᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑯᖕ ᐊᒥᓲᓛᓂᑦ ᐊᒥᓲᓛᖑᔪᑦ ᓂᖀᑦ-ᐱᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ. ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᖁᑦᑎᓛᒥᒃ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕐᓂᖃᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕐᔪᐊᖅᑐᑦ ᐱᑕᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᓄᖏᓐᓂ. ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᒐᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓯᓚᔾᔪᐊᕐᒥ, ᐃᓪᓗᓕᕆᓂᖅ ᓂᖅᑐᕐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᑯᖕ-ᒥ ᐱᔭᐅᔪᒪᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᕗᖅ

ᕼᐋᓐᒡᒎᖅ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ ᐱᕚᓪᓕᕈᑎᒃᓴᓄᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖓ (HDI) -ᖏᑦᑕᓗ ᓇᒻᒪᖓᑦ, ᓴᒪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ. ᐊᒻᒪ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓯᕋᒥ ᑕᕝᕙᓃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᐅᔾᔭᐅᔪᓂᑦ. ᐃᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᐊᑯᓂᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᕗᖅ ᐃᓅᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᖃᕋᓱᐊᖅᑐᓂ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᓕᕆᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᖓᑖᓂ 90 ᐳᓴᓐ.
ᑯᐸᐃᒃ

|-
| align="center" colspan="2" |

|-
| align=center colspan=2 | *ᐅᖃᐅᓯᓂ: ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᕗᖓ*
|-
| align=center colspan=2 style="background:#ffffff;" |
|-
|ᓄᓇᒡᔪᐊᖅ
| ᑲᓇᑕ
|-
|ᐊᑭᑐᔫᑎᑦ
|ᑳᐸᒃ
|-
|ᐊᖏᓛᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ
|ᒪᓐᑐᕆᐊᓕ
|-
|ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᓪᓗᐊᑕᖅ
|Manon Jeannotte
|-
|ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ
|François Legault
|-
|ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒃ
|ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒃ ᑯᐸᐃᖕᒥ
|-
|ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖏᑦ (2021)
|8,501,833
|-
|ᐅᖃᐅᓰᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ
|ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ 
|-
|ᐃᑭᐊᖅᑭᕕᒃ 
|https://www.quebec.ca/
|}
**ᑯᐸᐃᒃ** ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᐅᕗᖅ 11-ᖑᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᑦ ᑯᐸᐃᒃ ᓄᓇᖓᓂ  ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᒃ ᑯᐸᐃᒃ ᓯᑎ. ᒪᓐᑐᕆᐊᓕ, ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐸᐅᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ. ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ. 

ᑯᐸᐃᒃ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑎᔅᓯᓈᕿᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᑯᒥ ᕼᐋᑭᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᐅᒋᔭᐅᓂᖅᐸᐅᖃᑕᐅᒻᒪᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓂᖅ, ᓂᔾᔭᐅᓯᔭᕐᓂᖅ, ᑕᕐᕆᔮᒃᓴᑦ, ᑕᓚᕖᓴᒃᑰᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᕐᓂᕐᓗ..
ᑲᖏᕿᓂᖅ

**ᑲᖏᕿᓂᖅ**, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖓᑦ 2,000 ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐃᓄᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖓᓂ ᑲᓇᑕ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᓕᒃ ᐊᖏᓛᖑᖃᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓂ. ᑲᖏᕿᓂᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᓪᓗᐊᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᑭᕙᓪᓕᐅᑉ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂ.

## ᐱᐅᓯᕆᔭᐅᕙᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ

ᐅᐃᓕᐊᒻ ᒧᐊᕐ ᕿᓂᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ 1745-ᒥ.
ᓴᐃᓐᑦ ᔫᑦ ᑐᒃᓯᐊᕐᕕᒃ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂ

**ᓴᐃᓐᑦ ᔫᑦ ᑐᒃᓯᐊᕐᕕᒃ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓂ** ᐋᖕᓕᑲᓐᑯᑦ ᑐᒃᓯᐊᕐᕕᔾᔪᐊᖓᑦ, ᐃᖃᓗᓐᓃᑦᑐᖅ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖓᓂ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐋᖕᓕᑲᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᔪᕆᖅᓱᐃᔨᕐᔪᐊᓄᑦ, ᓄᓇᕘᒥ, ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᒥ.

## ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ

File:Iqaluit St Jude 1995-06-08.jpg|1995
File:Interior St. Judes.JPG|ᐃᓗᐊ
ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒃ

ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐃᖃᓗᖕᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᖕᒧᑦ ᑖᔅᓱᒧᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᒧᑦ. ᓈᓴᐅᑎᓕᒃ ᐃᒡᓗ 926, ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᖁᓕᕇᓕᒃ ᐃᒐᓛᓕᒃ ᕿᔪᒃᑖᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᖁᓕᕇᓕᒃ ᑲᑎᒪᕕᒃ.
ᐲᑕ ᑕᑉᑑᓇ

**ᐲᑕ ᑕᑉᑑᓇ**, ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐅᑐᐱᕆ 28, 1956-ᒥ ᐃᖃᓗᒃᑑᑦᑎᐊᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᔨᐅᔪᖅ, ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖑᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 2013-ᒥᑦ 2017-ᒧᑦ.

## ᐃᓅᓯᕆᓯᒪᔭᖓᑕ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓ
ᐲᑕ ᑕᑉᑑᓇ ᐃᓅᓯᓕᒫᐸᓗᐊᓂ ᖁᕐᓗᖅᑑᕐᒥᐅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ.

ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂ ᐃᓅᕕᖕᒥ, ᐅᖅᓱᐊᓗᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥ ᒑᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥᓗ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄᑦ 13-ᓄᑦ.  ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᓕᒫᓄᑦ ᐃᑰᑕᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᐴᕗᐊᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᓂ.  ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᓚᐅᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᓘᐱᓐᑯᑦ ᒎᓗᓯᐅᕐᕕᖓᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᕐᓗᖅᑐᒥ ᒥᑭᒋᐊᕐᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑏᓪᓗ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᓐᓄᑦ.
ᕕᐊᑦ ᓈᒻ

|-
|ᐊᑭᑐᔫᑎᑦ
|ᕼᐊᓄᐃ
|-
|ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ
|ᕼᐅ ᓯ ᒥᓐ ᓯᑎ
|-
|ᐊᓪᓚᑦᑎᒻᒪᕆᒃ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ
|Tô Lâm
|-
|ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖅ
|Lương Cường
|-
|ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ
|Phạm Minh Chính
|-
|ᑐᓐᖓᕕᒃᑯᑦ
|ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒃ
|-
|ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖏᑦ (2024)
|99,391,742
|-
|ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ
|330,967 km2
|-
|ᐅᖃᐅᓰᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ
|ᕕᐊᑦᓈᒥᐅᑦ
|-
|ᒪᓂ
|Đồng (VND)
|-
|}
**ᕕᐊᑦᓈᒻ**, ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓱᓯᐊᓕᔅ ᕆᐸᓕᒃ ᕕᐊᑦᓈᒻ, ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᐋᓯᐊᒥ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᐃᓐᑐᓴᐃᓂᔅ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖓᓂ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐃᑦ 1,000 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ, ᕕᐊᑦᓈᒻ ᓴᐃᓃᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ.

ᕕᐊᑦᓈᒻ ᑭᓪᓕᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᓴᐃᓇᒥᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ, ᓛᐅᔅᒥᒃ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑳᒻᐴᑎᐊᒥ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ. ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᖓ ᕼᐊᓄᐃ. ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᕕᐊᑦᓈᒥᐅᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᖓ ᑖᖕ. ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒥᒃ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖑᔪᖅ ᑲᒥᓇᑎᒃᑯᑦ (ᕕᐊᑦᓈᒥ ᑲᒥᓇᑎᒃᑯᑦ) ᐃᓱᒪᖅᓱᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᖃᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ. 

ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᖅ 66-ᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᖏᓂᖓᓄᑦ (330,967 km2) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 16-ᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᖃᓂᒋᔭᖓᓂ 99 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐃᓄᖃᖅᖢᓂ 2021-ᒥ. 

ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᑐᙵᕕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᐅᑎᓂᒃ, ᐱᕈᖅᓰᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᓪᓚᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᓴᐃᓇᒥ, ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥ, ᓯᓐᑲᐳᒥ, ᑯᕆᐃ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᔮᐸᓐᒥ ᑕᐅᖅᓰᖃᑎᒋᓪᓗᐊᑕᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ.
ᑯᕆᐃ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓂ

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| align="center" colspan="2" |

|-
| align=center colspan=2 |*ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖅ : 애국가<Br>
"ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᐅᒃᓴᕐᓂᖅ"*
|-
| align=center colspan=2 style="background:#ffffff;|
|-
|ᐊᑭᑐᔫᑎᑦ
|ᐳᐃᓐᔭᖕ
|-
|ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᒻᒪᕆᒃ
|ᑭᒻ ᔪᖕ-ᐅᓐ
|-
|ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ
|ᑭᒻ ᑑᒃ-ᕼᐅᓐ
|-
|ᑐᓐᖓᕕᒃᑯᑦ
|ᖁᑦᑎᓂᕐᐹᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᖓᑦ
|-
|ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖏᑦ (2021)
|25,831,360
|-
|ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ
|120,540 km2
|-
|ᐅᖃᐅᓰᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ
|ᑯᕆᐃᑎᑐᑦ
|-
|ᒪᓂ
|ᑯᕆᐃᒥᐅᑦ ᕚᓐ (KPW)
|-
|}

**ᑯᕆᐃ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᖓ**, ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑯᕆᐃ ᒐᕙᒪᖓ (조선민주주의인민공화국), ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑯᕆᐃ ᑕᕆᐅᖓᓂ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᐋᓯᐊᒥ. 25.8 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐃᓄᖃᖅᖢᓂ 2021-ᒥ, ᐊᕝᕙᖓ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ ᓴᓂᓪᓕᖓᑕ, ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᖓ ᐳᐃᓐᑕᓐ.

ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᑭᓪᓕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᓴᐃᓇᒥᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ, ᕈᓯᐊᒥᒃ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑯᕆᐃ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ ᑭᓪᓕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑕᒪᒃᑮᓐᓂᒃ ᓴᓂᕌᓂ ᓯᕕᑐᓂᖃᖅᑐᓂ 2 ᑭᓛᒥᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᖃᕈᓐᓃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᒧᑦ (DMZ), ᑖᓐᓇ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᖃᕈᓐᓃᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓚᕆᒃᑐᖅ, ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᕙᖕᒪᑦ ᑲᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐅᖓᑖᓃᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᐅᓇᑕᖅᑐᒃᓴᓄᑦ. 

ᑯᕆᐃ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᖓ "ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ" ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕐᕕᖓᑦ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑯᕆᐃᒥ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ (WPK). ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ *juche*, ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖅ ᑐᙵᕕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅᓱᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑭᒻ ᐃᐅᓪ-ᓴᖕᒧᑦ, ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᔨᖓᓄᑦ.
ᔫᑳᓐ

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|-
| align=center colspan=2 style="background:#ffffff;" |
|-
|ᓄᓇᒡᔪᐊᖅ
| ᑲᓇᑕ
|-
|ᐊᑭᑐᔫᑎᑦ
|ᐅᐊᐃᑦᕼᐅᐊᔅ
|-
|ᑲᒥᓯᓇ
|ᐋᑎᓖᓐ ᐅᐃᐳ
|-
|ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ
|Ranj Pillai
|-
|ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᒃ
|ᔫᑳᓐ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᖕᒥ
|-
|ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖏᑦ (2021)
|40,232
|-
|ᐅᖃᐅᓰᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ
|ᖃᓪᓗᓈᖅ , ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ
|-
|ᐃᑭᐊᖅᑭᕕᒃ 
|https://yukon.ca/
|}

**ᔫᑳᓐ**ᔫᑳᓐᒥ ᒥᑭᓛᖑᕗᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ. ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖓ ᐅᐊᐃᑦᕼᐅᐊᔅ ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ.

ᔫᑳᓐ ᓯᓚᖓ, ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᑯᑖᕌᓗᖕᒧᑦ, ᓂᒡᓚᓱᒃᑐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐆᓇᖅᑐᒧᑦ.
ᐊᑯᓕᕕᒃ

**ᐊᑯᓕᕕᒃ** ᓄᓇᕕᒃᒦᑉᐳᖅ ᑲᑎᕕᒃᑯᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᓐᓂᑦ ᑯᐸᐃᒻᒥ.

ᐊᑯᓕᕕᒃ ᐊᑎᖃᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ.
ᓛᐅᔅ

**ᓛᐅᔅ**, ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓛᐅᔅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖓᑦ, (ᓛᐅᔅᑎᑐᑦ: ປະເທດລາວ (ᐸᑎ ᓛᐅᔅ) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ສາທາລະນະລັດ  ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ ᓄᓇᒧᑦ ᑎᑭᑕᐅᓯᒪᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᐋᓯᐊᒥ, ᓴᓂᕌᓂ ᐳᐊᒪᓐ (ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᒥᐊᓐᒪ) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᐃᓇ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓄᑦ '. ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᖓ ᕕᐊᓐᑎᐊᓐ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᓐᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᓪᓚᑦᑖᖓ ᓛᐅ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓪᓚᑦᑖᖓ ᑭᑉ.
ᒫᓇᑯ

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| align="center" colspan="2" |

|-
| align=center colspan=2 | *ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓄᑦ : Deo Juvante* 
"ᒎᑎᐅᑉ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᖓᒍᑦ"
|-
| align=center colspan=2 |*ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖅ : "ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖅ ᒨᓇᑯᒥ"*
|-
| align=center colspan=2 style="background:#ffffff;" |
|-
|ᐊᑭᑐᔫᑎᑦ
|ᒫᓇᑯ
|-
|ᑭᙴᒪᔪᖅ
|ᐋᓪᐴᑦ II
|-
|ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ
|Didier Guillaume
|-
|ᑐᓐᖓᕕᒃᑯᑦ
|ᑲᓇᑕᓕᒫᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᑦ
|-
|ᐃᓄᒋᐊᖕᓂᖏᑦ (2023)
|38,367
|-
|ᐃᓂᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ
|2.08 km2
|-
|ᐅᖃᐅᓰᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ
|ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ
|-
|ᒪᓂ
|ᔫᕈ (€)
|-
|ᐃᑭᐊᖅᑭᕕᒃ 
|https://www.gouv.mc
|}

**ᒨᓇᑯ**, ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᒨᓇᑯ ᒐᕙᒪᖓ, ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ-ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒥᑭᔪᑯᓗᒃ ᕗᕌᓐᔅ ᕆᕕᐅᕋᒥ ᑭᓛᒥᑐᒐᓴᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ ᐃᑕᓕᒥᐅᑦ ᓕᒍᕆᐊᒥ, ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂ, ᑕᕆᐅᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂ.ᑭᓪᓕᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᕗᕌᓐᔅᒧᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ, ᑲᓇᓐᓇᖓᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᖓᓐᓇᖓᓂ.ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ;  ᒨᓂᒐᔅᑭ, ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᑕᓕᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᕗᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑐᑭᓯᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑐᓄᑦ.

ᐊᖏᓂᖃᖅᖢᓂ 2.08 km2 (0.80 sq mi), ᒨᓇᑯ ᑐᒡᓕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᒥᑭᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ, ᕚᑎᑲᓐ ᓯᑎᐅᑉ ᑭᖑᓂᐊᓂ.ᒨᓇᑯ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓇᐃᓛᖑᔪᖅ ᓯᔾᔭᖓ: 3.83 ᑭᓛᒥᑐ (2.38 ᒪᐃ).ᑖᓐᓇ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕐᕕᒃ 15 ᑭᓛᒥᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᖓᓯᖕᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᑕᓕᐅᑉ ᑭᒡᓕᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 9-ᓂᒃ ᐊᓪᓚᒡᕕᖃᖅᖢᓂ, ᐊᖏᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᒫᓐᑎ ᑳᓗ.

ᑖᓐᓇ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕐᕕᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᔾᔪᐊᑎᒍᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ, ᐳᕆᓐᔅ ᐋᓪᐳᑦ 2 ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓴᓐᖏᓂᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᑐᓐᖓᕕᔾᔪᐊᖃᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ.ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ, ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖓᑦ, ᒨᓂᒐᔅᒥᐅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐅᐃᕖᖑᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ;  ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᖓ ᐅᖃᖃᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᕗᕌᓐᔅ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑎᒃᑯᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑎᓐᓇᒍ.ᒍᕆᒫᓪᑎᐅᑉ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᖓ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᒨᓇᑯᒥ, ᓄᖅᑲᖓᑲᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᑎᒃ, ᑕᐃᒪᙵᓂ 1297-ᒥᓂᑦ.

ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᕙᑉᐳᑦ ᒫᓐᑎ ᑳᓗ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥᒃ, ᔮᓐᓄᐊᕆᒥ ᑐᙵᓱᒃᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᐃᕖᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᖅᑲᖏᓐᓂ.
ᐱᔭᐃ ᐊᕿᐊᕈᖅ

**ᐱᔭᐃ ᐊᕿᐊᕈᖅ** (ᐃᓅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᕕᐱᕆ 5, 1984) ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐃᓄᒃ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᔨᐅᔪᖅ 2021-ᒥ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᔪᓂ ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᒥᓗ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ.

ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ 2021-ᒥ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ .ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᐃᔪᖅ ᓂᕈᐊᕐᕕᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᖃᓗᐃᑦ-ᓂᐊᖁᓐᖒᒥ.

ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᕋᓂ ᓱᓕ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᖕᒧᑦ, ᕿᑭᖅᑕᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖑᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᓄᖅᑲᓚᐅᕐᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᐃᑲᙵᑦ ᐃᓂᒋᔭᒥᓂᒃ ᐋᒡᒌᓯ 2021ᒥ ᐸᕐᓇᒃᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᓂᕈᐊᒐᒃᓴᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓂᕈᐊᒐᒃᓴᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ.

## ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᕆᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓚᒌᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᖏᑦ
ᐊᕿᐊᕈᖅ ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓄᕕᐱᕆ 5, 1984-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᕈᖅᓴᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᐅᓱᐃᑦᑐᒥ.  ᐊᑦᑕᖓ ᐹᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᒃᑲᒃ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᖕᒪᑦ ᓄᓇᒥᓄᑦ, ᐊᒃᑲᖓᓗ ᑕᐃᕕᑦ ᐊᕿᐊᕈᖅ ᒫᓐᓇ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᖁᑦᑎᒃᑐᕐᒧᑦ.

## ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖅ
ᐊᕿᐊᕈᖅ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᖕᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓂᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ 2021. ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ ᓯᕗᓕᐅᖅᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓄᕕᐱᕆ 17, 2021-ᒥᑦ, ᓵᓚᖃᓚᐅᖅᖢᓂᓗ ᒫᓐᓇ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓕᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᔫ ᓴᕕᑲᑖᕐᒥᑦ.

ᓄᕕᐱᕆ 2024-ᒥ, ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎ ᓵᓚᒪᓐ ᒪᓕᑭ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐱᖁᔨᕗᖔᕈᑎᒥᒃ ᐅᑉᐱᕆᔭᐅᙱᓐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᕿᐊᕈᖅ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᐸᓯᒃᓯᓪᓗᓂ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖃᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᙱᓐᓂᕋᖅᖢᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓚᐅᕐᓂᖓᓂᒃ "ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᕙᑎᒥᒃ" ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᕐᕕᖕᒥ.  ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 10-ᓂᒃ 8-ᓄᑦ, ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᒥᓂᔅᑕᓕᒫᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᖓᓱᓄᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓄᑦ.

## ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕐᕕᒃᓴᐃᑦ
ᐅᐃᓂᐸᐃᒡ

**ᐅᐃᓂᐸᐃᒡ** ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ ᐊᖏᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᒫᓂᑑᐸᒥ.2021-ᒥ, ᐅᐃᓂᐸᐃᒡ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 749,607-ᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖃᖅᖢᓂ 834,678-ᓂᒃ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ 6-ᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 8-ᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖃᖅᖢᓂ.

ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᐊᑎᖃᖅᑎᑕᐅᕗᖅ ᖃᓂᒋᔭᖓᓂ ᐅᐃᓂᐸᐃᒡ ᑕᓯᖓᓂ;  ᐊᑎᖓ ᓴᖅᑭᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ ᑯᕆ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕐᓂᒃ "ᒪᕐᕋᓕᒃ ᐃᒪᖅ" – *winipīhk*.ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓂᐅᕐᕈᑎᖃᕐᕕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂᒥᐅᑦ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᑎᓐᓇᒋᑦ;  ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᓄᓇᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᓂᓯᓇᐱ (ᐅᔨᑉᕙᐃ), ᐃᓂᓂᐅ (ᑯᕆ), ᐅᔨ-ᑯᕆ, ᑎᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᑯᑕ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓅᕕᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᒥᐊᑎᔅ ᓇᐃᓴᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ.
Japaan qangatasuulirijikkut qangataningit 123

**ᔭᐃᐸᓐ ᖃᖓᑦᓱᐊᓗᖅᑑᓕᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᖔᑦᑕᓂ 123-MI** ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑖᓯᒪᒪᓚᔪᖅ ᖃᖔᑦᓯᐊᕈᖅᑐᖅ ᑑᒃᔪ ᐊᒪᑲ ᐊᑲᐃᓂ, ᑲᑕᕆᓂ 12-ᓂᒃ ᓂᒃ ᐋᒍᔅᑦ 1985-MI.

## ᐃᑭᒪᔪᑦ

ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᐃᑦ ᐃᑭᒪᔪᑦ ᐅᓵᑲᓕᐊᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᕆᐊᖅᑐᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᐆᐹᓐᒥᑦ. ᐃᓪᓗᖓᓅᖅᐸᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ, ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᓯᐊᒎᖔᖅᑐᑎᒃ. 

## ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕐᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ
ᓵᒻ ᑮ ᐃᒡᓗ

**ᓵᒻ ᑭ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ** (ᓴᐃᓂᓯᑎᑐᑦ: 三記號大樓), ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ ᔮᒃ ᓵ ᓇᓪᓕᐅᒃᑯᒫᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖓ, ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᖁᓕᕇᓕᒃ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᕕᒃ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᕚᓐᑰᕙᒥ, ᐳᕆᑎᔅ ᑲᓚᒻᐱᐊᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᖃᓂᒋᔮᓂ ᐃᓯᕐᕕᖓᑕ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᑉ ᓴᐃᓇᑕᓐ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᒥᑭᑦᑐᑯᓘᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᑎᓂᖓ, ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑑᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓇᑎᖓ ᒪᓕᒃᑐᒍ. ᓇᑎᖓ 4 ᐃᓯᒐᐃᑦ 11 ᐃᓐᓯᔅ (1.50 ᒦᑕ) ᓯᕕᑐᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ, ᖁᓛᓂ ᓇᑎᖓ 6 ᐃᓯᒐᐃᑦ (1.8 ᒦᑕ) ᓯᕕᑐᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ ᖁᒻᒧᐊᒃᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᒐᓛᖏᑦ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ, ᑐᙵᕕᖓ ᑕᑭᓪᓕᒋᐊᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐱᓱᕝᕕᐅᑉ ᐊᑖᓂ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᕕᐅᑉ ᓵᖓᑕ ᓴᓂᐊᓂ. ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᓐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᓯᑭᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐱᑦᔅᐴᒡ, ᐲᓐᓯᐅᓪᕙᐃᐊᒥ, ᓇᓕᐊᒃ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᕕᒃ ᐃᒡᓗ ᒥᑭᓐᓂᖅᓴᐅᖕᒪᖔᑦ, ᓯᑭᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᖏᓐᓇᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐃᑎᓂᖃᕐᒪᑦ 5 ᐲᑦ 2 ᐃᓐᓯᔅ (1.57 ᒦᑕ). ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓵᒻ ᑭ ᐃᒡᓗ ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᒋᓂᔅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᒥᑭᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓂᐅᕐᕈᑎᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᕆᑉᓕᐅᑉ ᐅᑉᐱᕆᓗᒍ ᐅᑉᐱᕆᙱᓪᓗᒍᓘᓐᓃᑦ! ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ.

ᐃᒡᓗ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1913-ᒥ, ᓵᓚᖃᕋᓱᐊᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᕚᓐᑰᕙᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑕ ᐃᓱᒪᓕᐅᕈᑎᒋᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓᓂᒃ ᑎᒍᓯᔪᒪᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᑕᐅᙱᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᓄᓇᒥᒃ ᐱᖁᑎᒋᔭᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᖅᑎᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᓵᖕ ᑐᐃᒧᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ "ᓵᒻ ᑭ". ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑳᕈᓪ ᓯᑐᕆᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐲᓐᑐ ᓯᑐᕆᑦ ᓴᓂᕌᓂ, ᐃᑎᓂᖓ ᓄᓇᐅᑉ ᒥᑭᓪᓕᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ 30 ᐃᓯᒐᐃᑦ (9.1 ᒦᑕ) 6 ᐃᓯᒐᐃᑦ (1.8 ᒦᑕ) ᓯᕕᑐᓕᖅᑎᑕᐅᖁᓪᓗᒍ ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ. ᓵᖕ ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖁᑎᖃᑎᒥᓂᒃ ᓴᓇᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᕋᖅᑐᓂ ᐃᓪᓗᒥᒃ ᓄᓇᒥ ᐊᒥᐊᒃᑯᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓵᒻ ᑭ ᐃᓪᓗ ᐱᔭᕇᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᕐᕌᒍ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᓇᑎᖓᓂ ᐃᓪᓗᖃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓂᐅᕕᕐᕕᓐᓂᒃ, ᖁᓛᓂ ᐃᓪᓗᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᕆᔭᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᒥᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐃᓪᓗᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑖᓂ ᐃᓪᓗᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓄᑦ ᐅᐊᓴᕐᕕᐅᔪᓂᒃ.

ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᖅᑎᐅᔪᖅ ᔮᒃ ᓵ ᓂᐅᕕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓵᒻ ᑭ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖓᓂᒃ 1985-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᒃᑲᓐᓂᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍ ᑭᖑᓂᐊᒍᑦ. ᐃᒡᓗ ᑕᐃᒪᙵᓂᑦ ᐳᓚᕋᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᑕᑯᔭᐅᔪᒪᓕᖅᑐᖅ, ᓇᓪᓕᐅᒃᑯᒫᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᓱᓕ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖃᕋᓗᐊᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᓇᑎᖓᓂ. ᐃᓱᒪᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐃᑦᑕᕐᓂᓴᖃᕐᕕᐅᒋᐊᖓ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐱᑐᖃᐃᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᕕᖏᓐᓂ.

## ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕐᕕᒃᓴᐃᑦ
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ᑯᒥᓐᑕᖕ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ

ᑯᒥᓐᑕᓐ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ (ᓴᐃᓂᓯᑎᑐᑦ: 國民黨大樓), ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᖕᒥᔪᖅ ᓴᐃᓃᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᓯᐊᓇᓕᔅᑦ ᓕᒡ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖓ, ᐱᑐᖃᐅᕗᖅ ᑎᓴᒪᓂᒃ ᖁᓕᕇᓕᒃ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᕚᓐᑰᕙᒥ, ᐳᕆᑎᔅ ᑲᓚᒻᐱᐊᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᓴᓂᕌᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᑉ ᓴᐃᓃᓯᒃᑯᑦ, ᑲᑎᙵᓂᖏᓐᓂ ᒍᐊ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᖅᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐲᓐᑐ ᓯᑐᕆᑦᒥ. ᒪᑐᐃᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1921-ᒥ, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᖓᓂ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑯᒥᓐᑕᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ, ᓴᐃᓃᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᓐᓄᑦ. ᓴᐃᓃᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᓇᓯᐊᓇᓕᔅᑦ ᓕᒡ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᑯᒥᓐᑕᖕᑯᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᒥ, ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᖅᑎᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᕐᔪᐊᒥᒃ. ᐃᓪᓗ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᖄᒃᑲᓐᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓄᑦ.

## ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕐᕕᒃᓴᐃᑦ
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Groi

(Groi) Torio Municipio de Qiangong mujer torio bambu ᒍᕉ ᕗᐊᓐᑎᔅ ᐱᕆᐅᕋ ᓄᑲᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐋᓐᑕᓐ ᕗᐊᓐᑎᐅᕋᐅᑉ, 

ᐊᒥᓱᐊᓗᓐᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᑯᙵᕋᓱᐊᖅᑐᓂ, ᐃᓱᐊᓂ ᓯᖁᒥᑉᐳᖅ

ᒍᕆ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᐱᒐᕐᒧᑦ, ᐴᖅ ᐃᓕᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᑲᓕᔾᔭᓂᒃ ᑐᓂᓂᐊᖅᐸᒋᑦ. ᒍᕉ ᑎᐊᓇᐸᑕ ᓇᐹᖅᑐᖅ. Groi-ᒧᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖅ ᖁᐱᕈᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓯᓚᑖᓅᕈᓐᓇᐅᑎᐅᓗᓂ.

ᒍᕉᐃ ᒪᒪᖅᓴᖅᑐᖅ ᕙᓪᕗᓪᔅᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓗᓕ ᐊᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᑕᒪᒃᑮᓄᑦ ᑕᓐᑕᐃᓐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓗᑦᑐᖅᑎᕆᔨᒧᑦ ᓱᕋᓕᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᖅ. ᑰᐳ ᕿᓕᖅᓯᓇᖓ.
ᒍᕆ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᐱᒐᕐᒧᑦ, ᐴᖅ ᐃᓕᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᑲᓕᔾᔭᓂᒃ ᑐᓂᓂᐊᖅᐸᒋᑦ. ᒍᕉ ᑎᐊᓇᐸᑕ ᓇᐹᖅᑐᖅ. Groi-ᒧᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖅ ᖁᐱᕈᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓯᓚᑖᓅᕈᓐᓇᐅᑎᐅᓗᓂ.
ᖁᓄᔪᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅᒍᕉ ᕿᒡᒋᖅᑕᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᑭᓕᒐᒃᓴᓄᑦ ᐃᓗᑦᑐᖅᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ -ᒥ ᓂᕆᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᖅᓱᕐᒥᒃ ᖁᐃᔪᒥᒃ. ᒥᓱᒃᑎ ᐃᒡᓚᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐋᓐᑕᓐᒥ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑐᑭᓯᔭᐅᙱᖦᖢᓂ. ᐊᓄᕆᒧᑦ ᐊᑭᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑐᕆᒻᑉ ᐊᑭᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑕᖓᓄᑦ. ᖃᓕᕈᓯᐅᑉ ᖄᖓᓂ, ᖃᓕᕈᓯᐅᑉ ᖄᖓᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐳᐃᒍᕐᓂᕐᒪᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᒥᒃ 3.'

Groi ᐅᑎᕐᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᕐᐳᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᑎᒥᑦ ᐃᖂᑎᒧᑦ.
Groi−ᑯᑦ ᒥᓱᒃᓯᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᐅᓯᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᒥ ᓴᓇᑎᓪᓗᖓ ᑐᐊᑦᑐᓚᒥᒃ, ᐊᓗᒋᐊᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᒥᓗᒃᓯᓯᒪᓪᓗᖓ
ᐃᒥᒐᒃᓴᖅ

ᐃᒥᒐᖅ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐲᔭᐃᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓇᕿᑦᑕᐃᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐃᒪᓪᓚᑦᑖᒥᒃ ᐃᓗᓕᖃᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓂᕿᓂᒃ ᐱᕈᖅᑐᕕᓂᕐᓂᓪᓗ. ᑐᑭᖃᕈᓐᓇᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᐃᒥᕐᓂᒃ ᑎᐱᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᑎᐱᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓂᕿᓂᒃ, ᓲᕐᓗ ᓂᕿᓂᒃ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥᐅᑕᓂᓪᓘᓐᓃᑦ, ᓲᕐᓗ ᐊᒻᒨᒪᔪᖅᑕᐅᑉ ᐃᒥᒐᖓᓂᒃ. ᐃᒥᒐᒃᓴᖅ ᓂᕆᔭᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᖅ ᐃᒥᒐᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓚᐅᕈᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑎᐱᖃᖅᑎᑦᑎᔾᔪᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓂᕿᓄᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᐃᒥᒐᕐᓄᑦ, ᓲᕐᓗ ᓂᕿᓄᑦ ᓂᕿᓄᑦ.
ᓱᐃᑉᔅ

**Schweppes** ᐃᒥᒐᒃᓴᖅ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᔨᓂᕙᒥ 1783-ᒥ ᔪᕼᐋᓐ ᔭᐃᑯᑉ ᓱᐃᑉᒧᑦ; ᒫᓐᓇᐅᔪᖅ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᕙᓕᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᓕᒍᕐᓄᑦ ᐴᖅᑕᐅᕙᓕᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑐᓂᐅᖅᑲᖅᑕᐅᕙᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ, ᒪᓕᒃᑐᒋᑦ ᓚᐃᓴᓐᓯᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᕕᒃᑐᕐᓯᒪᔪᓂ, ᓴᓇᕙᒃᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᐅᕐᕈᑎᖃᖅᐸᒃᑐᑦ ᐃᒥᒐᕐᓂᒃ.
ᒪᐅᓐᑕᓐ ᑎᐅ

**ᒪᐅᓐᑕᓐ ᑎᐅ**  ᐃᒥᒐᒃᓴᖅ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖅ, ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐲᑉᓯᑯᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1940-ᒥ ᑎᐊᓇᓯᒥ ᐃᒥᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐹᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐋᓕ ᕼᐋᑦᒪᓐ. ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᖓ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᐅᓪ ᐳᕆᑦᕗᐊᑦᒧᑦ[4] 1958-ᒥ, ᐱᔪᓐᓇᐅᑎᖏᑦ ᑖᔅᓱᒪ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᖓᑕ ᐱᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑎᑉ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᒥᐅᕆᐊᓐ, ᕗᔨᓂᐊᒥ. ᐅᐃᓕᐊᒻ ᕼ. "ᐱᐅᓪ" ᔫᓐᔅ ᑎᑉ ᑯᐊᐳᕇᓴᒃᑯᓐᓂᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᕆᒃᑲᓐᓂᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᒥᒃ, ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᒪᐅᓐᑕᓐ ᑎᐅᒥᒃ 1961-ᒥ
Qangatasuukkut qangataniq 2216

ᔭᐃᔪ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᖓ 2216-ᒥ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᖑᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᐅᓚᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᔩᔪ ᐃᐅᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᓴᕙᓇᐱᒥ ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᖕᒥ ᐸᖕᑳᒃᒥ, ᑐᐊᓚᓐᒥ, ᒧᐊᓐ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᒥᑦᑕᕐᕕᖕᒧᑦ ᒧᐊᓐ ᑲᓐᑎ, ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᑯᕇᐊ. ᑎᓯᐱᕆ 29, 2024−ᒥ, Boeing 737-800 ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔪᑦ ᖃᖓᑕᓲᒥᒃ ᒧᓚᓐᒧᑦ ᑎᑭᖦᖢᓂ, ᑎᖕᒥᐊᒥᒃ ᓄᖅᑲᖓᔪᖃᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ.

## ᖃᐅᔨᒋᐊᕐᕕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ
ᖃᓯᒋᐊᖅ

ᖃᓯᒋᐊᑦ ᓇᓂᔭᑦᓴᐅᔪᑦ ᓂᓪᓕᓇᓗᐊᙱᑦᑐᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᓪᓕᓇᕐᓂᖅᓴᓂ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᒥ ᐃᒪᕐᓂ, ᑕᒫᓂ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐅᐊᓐᓇᖓᓂ.
ᕙᐃᔅᐳᒃ

**ᕙᐃᔅᐳᒃ** ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕐᕕᒃ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 2004-ᒥ ᒫᒃ ᓵᑯᐴᒡᒧᑦ.

ᕙᐃᔅᐳᒃ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᔭᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᕗᖅ ᐃᓅᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᓴᐅᒪᖃᑦᑕᐅᑎᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᐅᑎᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ, 2025-ᒥ.
ᑎᕋᓇ

**ᑎᕋᓇ** ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᖏᓛᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᐊᐅᐸᐃᓂᐊ, ᐃᓄᖃᖅᖢᓂ 598,176-ᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ, 2023-ᒥ.

ᑖᓐᓇ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᑕᐅᒋᐊᓐᖓᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1614-ᒥ, ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᐅᓕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1920-ᒥ.

ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ ᐊᐅᐸᐃᓂᐊ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒃᓯᕙᐅᑕᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᒥ, ᓲᕐᓗ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅ, ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᒍᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ.
ᑐᐊᕆᔅ

**ᑐᐊᕆᔅ** ᑐᒡᓕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᐊᐅᐸᐃᓂᐊ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐳᓚᕋᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᑕᑯᒥᓇᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᒥ.

ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᑐᓚᒃᑕᕐᕕᖃᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᓯᔾᔭᒥᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕿᑲᕆᐊᕐᕕᖃᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ.
ᓕ ᔨᓯᐅ

**ᓕ ᔨᓯᐅ** (李易修; ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᔫᓂ 10, 1988-ᒥ), ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᖅ **History Bro** (歷史哥)-ᖑᓂᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᑕᐃᕙᓂᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ, ᓈᓚᐅᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᓴᖅᓴᐅᕙᒃᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᖅ. ᓕ ᖁᑦᑎᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᐸᐃᑉᐹᖅᑖᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ. ᓕ ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑐᐃᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᕼᐋᓐ ᑯᐊ-ᔫᒥᒃ. ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1988-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᕈᖅᓴᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᖏᖅᖠᓂᕐᒥ, ᔫᑑᑉ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑦᑎᕕᖃᖅᑐᖅ.
ᒪᓃᓕᓂᖅ

ᒪᓃᓕᓂᖅ ᓄᐊᑦᑎᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᖃᕋᓴᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕐᕕᐅᔪᓂᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᔮᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᖀᒥᒍᓱᓐᓂᕐᒥᑦ, ᐅᖃᑲᒻᒪᓐᓂᐅᔪᒥᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑭᕋᖅᑐᓂᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᐅᔪᓂᑦ.
Anton Buendera

ᐋᓐᑕᓐ ᐳᐃᓐᑎᕋ ᓂᕆᕙᒃᑐᖅ ᐋᓪᓐᑎᒍ ᖁᐱᕐᕈᐊᕐᔪᖕᓂᒃ ᖁᐱᕐᕈᐊᕐᔪᖕᓂᒃ ᖁᐱᕐᕈᐊᕐᔪᖕᓂᒃ ᖁᐱᕐᕈᐊᕐᔪᖕᓂᒃ. ᐋᓐᑕᓐ ᐴᓐᑎᕋ ᐃᙱᐅᓯᓕᐅᖅᑎᐅᕗᖅ ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖓ, "ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᑐᓂᓂᐊᖅᐸᒋᑦ ᐴᒃᓴᒥᒃ," ᕉᓴ ᒫᕆᐊ ᐱᓗᑕ, ᓴᐳᔾᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑎᔨᑐ ᖁᖓᓯᕈᖓᓂᒃ. ᐳᐃᔨᑎᑐᑦ ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖓ "ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᐊᓪᓗᕆᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑎᑭᐅᑎᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᓱᐊᓄᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖓᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ".

ᐋᓐᑕᓐ ᐳᐃᓐᑎᕋᐅᑉ ᐃᒡᓗᖓ ᖁᖓᓯᕈᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᔭᖅᑎ ᕉᓴ ᐱᓗᑕᐅᑉ ᖁᖓᓯᕈᖓᑕ ᑎᑎᖅᑐᒐᖓ  ᑎᐊᑎᑐᐅᑉ ᑭᒍᑎᑎᖓᓂᒃ. ᐊᕈᒪᑎᓗᐊᓂ ᐊᑎᓪᓗ.
Digitor

ᕗᕌᓂᑲ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐋᓐᔨ ᓂᕆᕗᑦ ᕗᕌᓂᑲᒥᒃ ᕿᒻᒥᒥᒃ ᒪᕆᐊ ᓱᓕᓇ ᑎᒥᖁᑎᖓ ᐸᖅᓴᐃᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᕉᓴ ᒪᕆᐊ ᐱᓗᑕ ᑎᔨᑐᕐ ᖁᖓᓯᕈᖓᑕ ᑎᑎᖅᑐᒐᖓᓂᒃ.  ᒥᑦᔅ ᑐᑭᐊᐅᑉ ᓴᓐᖏᓂᕆᔭᖓ ᑎᑭᑐᕐ ᕉᓴ ᒪᕆᐊ ᐱᓗᑕ ᑕᒪᓐᑐ ᒪᒪᐃ ᑕᐴᓐᓯᓚ ᒎᓗᒥᒃ ᓯᓚᓗᒃᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐋᓐᑕᓐ ᐳᕗᑕ ᓚᒻ ᒪᐅ ᓯᑕᖕ
ᒫᒃ ᑳᓂ

**ᒫᒃ ᑳᓂ** (ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ: Mark Carney) 24-ᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕐᔪᐊᖓ
Mamaye Sylla

## ᒪᒪᐃ ᓯᓚ
* ᒪᒪᐃ ᓯᓚ * 'ᓴᓇᐅᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑯᐊᓇᕆᒥ, ᒍᐃᓂᒥ, ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᕆᓚᐅᖅᑕᖓᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓂᔾᔭᐅᓯᔭᕐᓂᐅᑉ.

## ᐃᓅᓯᓕᕆᓂᖅ
ᒪᒪᐃ ᓯᐅᓪ ᐱᒋᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓂᔾᔭᐅᓯᔭᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ 2000-ᖏᓐᓂ ᐱᒋᐊᓕᓵᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄᑦ 15-ᓄᑦ ᓄᖅᑲᖓᑲᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᐅᑎᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᕐᒧᑦ 'ᒪᕋ ᕙᓂ' 2021-ᒥ. ᒪᒪᐃᔪ ᓰᓚ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᖅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐋᓐᑕᓐ ᐴᓐᑎᐊᒥᒃ ᐱᖓᓱᐃᖅᓱᖅᖢᓂ: ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅ 2008-ᒥ, ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᙱᐅᑎᒥᒃ "Capture Your Shell", ᐊᐃᑉᐸᖓ 2022-ᒥ, "ᑕᑎᓪ". ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥᓗ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᒋᐊᓕᓵᖅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᒪᑐᒪᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ, 2025−ᒥ, ᐅᑯᐊᖑᓪᓗᑎᒃ ...

## ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ

* * 'Dabondo' * (2005): ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᓂᐱᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᓚᖃᖅᑐᖅ 12-ᓂᒃ ᐃᙱᐅᓯᕐᓂᒃ ᓲᕐᓗ 'ᔨᒥᒥ ᑐᐊ', 'Dabondo', 'ᒪᐃᔭᒪ' ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 'ᑕᕋ'.

1. Mayama

2. Allah Ma Nene

3. Tara

4. Dabondo

5. Jimmy Toure

6. Maimouna Boumma

7. Hadja Mama

8. N Farama Diaby

9. Sere

10. N Diamou

11. Oumou Yansane

12. N Gada Hadja

## ᐃᓚᒋᐊᕈᑎᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᒃᓴᑦ
ᖄᒃᑲᓐᓂᐊᒍᑦ ᓂᔾᔭᐅᓯᔭᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖓᑕ, ᒪᒪᐃ ᓯᐅᓪ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑐᖅ ᑐᓴᒐᒃᓴᓕᕆᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓈᓚᐅᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᓄᔅᑕᒋᒥ ᑲᓗᒻ, ᑯᓇᑯᕆᒥ.
ᔭᐃᓐ ᐲᔭᐃᔨ

**ᔭᐃᓐ ᐲᔭᐃᔨ** (ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ: Jane Remover) ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᐅᒍᑎᒃ ᐊᖑᑕᐅᒍᑎᒃ ᐃᙱᖅᑎ
ᑕᓪᓕᒪᑦ ᐅᓐᓄᐃᑦ ᕗᕆᑎᐅᑉ ᓂᕆᕕᖓᓂ

**ᑕᓪᓕᒪᑦ ᐅᓐᓄᐃᑦ ᕗᕆᑎᐅᑉ ᓂᕆᕕᖓᓂ**

ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓯᖅ.

ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖅ
ᕕᕗᕋᓐᓱᕕᒃ

ᓂᐅ ᐳᕋᓐᓱᐃᒃ

ᕕᐱᕆ 13-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᖅ ᒐᕙᒪᖓ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᑦ ᐱᖓᔪᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ. ᖓᓲᔪᖅᑑᕗᖅ ᑕᕆᐅᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑎᓴᒪᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᑦᑐᖅᓯᕕᐊᓗᖕᒥᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐃᓚᖓᑦ ᓯᑕᒪᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᒪᕐᒥᐅᑕᐃᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑦ. ᓪᓕᖃᑎᒋᕙᕗᑦ ᑯᐸᐃᒃ ᐅᐊᓐᓇᖓᓂ, ᓅᕚ ᓯᑰᓯᑖ ᓂᒋᐊᓂ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᐃᓐᑦᓛᕈᓐᔅ ᐃᒪᖓ ᕿᑎᕐᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑑᑉ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᖓᓄᑦ. ᑕᕆᐅᖓᑦ ᐸᓄᑏ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓂᑦ ᓄᓇᑦᑎᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒃᑯᑦ ᒥᐊᓂ ᐱᖓᔪᖓᓐᓂ ᕕᐱᕆ 2013-ᒥ, ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᖏᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ: "ᓄᕙᓐᔅᕗᕆᒃ ᑕᒫᓂᐸᓗᒃ ᐃᒻᒪᖃᑦ 84%-ᖓ  . ᖓ ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᑉ ᐊᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖅᑰᓂᖅᓴᐅᓲᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅ ᓯᑯᓗᐊᕌᓗᒻᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᐅᔭᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓂᒡᓚᓱᓐᖏᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂ.

ᕕᐱᕆ 1,-ᒥ ᓈᓴᖅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᓄᓇᖓ ᑕᒫᓂ 3 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐅᖓᑖᓃᒻᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᓂᓕᒃ (ᓄᓇᓕᒻᒥᑦ)  ᐅᓐᖏᑦᑐᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᓇᑉᐸᐃᓐᓇᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒋᔭᖓ ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᓂ - ᐱᓗᐊᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᒪᓐᑐᕆᐊᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᐃᓐᑦ-ᔮᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐳᕆᑎᕋᑦᑐᓄ

1968-ᒥ, ᓄᕕᐱᕆᒥᑦ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖅ ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓰᑦ ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑑᓪᓗ. ᕕᐱᕆ 1,2016-ᒥ ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ. ᓄᓇᓖᑦ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᕐᓂᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᐅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᓂᕈᐊᕈᓐᓇᖅᑕᖏᓐᓂ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕐᒥᓂᒃ. ᒃ ᐱᖓᓲᔪᖅᑐᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᐃᕖᑎᑐᖅᑐᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᑦᑕᐅ 2/3-ᖏᑦ ᐃᓄᖁᑎᒋᔭᕗᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓇᐅᔭᕈᓐᓇᕐᒪᑕ. ᕕᐱᕆ ᕗᕌᓐᔅᕕᒃ ᐊᖏᕐᕋᕆᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᑲᑎᐊᒥᐅᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᒥᓲᓂᖅᓴᐃᑦ ᐋᑳᑎᐊᒥᐅᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᑦᑕᐅᑦ ᐊᒥᓱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ. ᕕᐱᕆ 1,2016-ᒥ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ. 7-ᖑᔪᑦ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅᑕᖃᖅᐳᑦ.
ᕌᓐᓯᒥᒻᒧᑦ

ᕗᕌᓐᓯᐊᒻ ᐃᓚᐅᕈᑎᒃᓴᐅᕗᖅ; ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖃᖅᐳᖅ Fr ᐊᒻᒪ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖓ 87
ᓂᐅᑐᕋᓐ ᐆᒻᒪᕆᒃᓯᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ

ᓂᐅᑐᕋᓐ ᐆᒻᒪᕆᒃᓯᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ ᓄᖑᔪᐃᑦᑐᓄᑦ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᐅᔨᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑲᑎᑎᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᓗᓕᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒥᓱᓂᑦ ᐱᖁᑎᓂᑦ
Magdalena

ᐊᑦᑕᕐᓇᖅᑕᐃᓕᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᓇᑕᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ, ᑕᒪᒃᑮᒃ ᑐᖁᕙᒃᐳᑦ; ᐸᓯᔭᒃᓴᐅᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᑭᓖᕙᒃᐳᖅ ᐸᓯᔭᒃᓴᐅᔪᒧᑦ. ᓄᖅᑲᕆᐊᖃᖅᐱᑖ ᑕᕐᕋᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᒃᓴᒥ?ᐱᒋᐊᓚᐅᖅᑕ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᒋᕙᒃᑲ ᑕᐃᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᓈᓇᑦᑎᐊᕙᐅᔪᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᒍᑎᖃᖅᐸᒃᑐᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐊᐅᐸᓪᓛᔪᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᐱᕐᕆᔾᔪᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂᒃ ᐱᓱᓐᓂᖅ ᑳᓐᓱᖃᕐᕕᒻᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓱᕙᓕᑭᐊᕆᔭᑎᑦ ᔭᒐᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᑦ. ᐊᑑᑎᖃᑦᑎᐊᓚᐅᖅᑕ ᑳᓐᓱᑖᕈᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑕᐃᔭᒃᑲ, ᑎᕆᒐᓂᐊᑦ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᖏᑦ. ᐊᑖᓂ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᐃᒻᒥᓂᒃ ᐃᓗᐊᓅᖅᑎᑦᑎᕙᒃᐳᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒍᓐᓃᖅᑐᖅ? ᓄᖅᑲᖅᑎᓚᐅᕈᒃ! ᐃᑲᕐᕌᓐᓂᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᓇᓱᐊᕈᓯᑕᒫᑦ ᐱᕕᖃᕋᒪ (ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᖃᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᑲᕐᕌᓐᓂᒃ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᒃ ᐱᕕᖃᕐᓂᕋᖅᑐᓂ) ᐃᕕᐊᖏᒃᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᕋᕕᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᒃᓱᐊᓗᒃ ᐄᔭᒐᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑕ ᓇᒥᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᓘᑦᑖᖑᙱᓐᓇᒪ, ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᔨᐅᒐᒪ, ᐃᓚᐅᒍᒪᙱᓐᓇᒪ. ᐊᒥᓱᑦ ᐊᖑᑏᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᕙᙱᓚᑦ ᖁᐱᕐᕆᓯᒪᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓱᒐᓚᒻᒪᑕ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓂᒃ ᑎᒍᒥᐊᖅᑕᐅᒋᐊᖓ. ᓇᑲᑎᕆᒐᕕᙵ. ᐅᐱᐊᑦᔅ ᐃᓪᓚᖃᑦᑕᕈᓐᓃᕆᐊᖃᖅᐱᑖ ᓯᓚᐃᕐᕆᔮᕐᓂᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᓚᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᓄᑕᕋᓛᓄᑦ? ᑖᓐᓇ ᑎᑎᖅᑐᒐᖅ ᓱᕙᓕᑭᐊᖑᒻᒪᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᕆᔭᖓᓄᑦ. ᐱᖓᔪᐊᓐᓂ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ ESO ᓱᕈᓯᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᓚᐅᖅᑐᒍᑦ ᐊᐃᑉᐸᖓᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᒻᒥ (ᐊ-ᒦᑦᑐᒍᑦ). ᓂᕈᐊᒐᒃᓴᐅᓂᐊᕋᒪ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᓕᖕᓂᒃ ᑐᓂᓯᓕᕌᖓᒪ. ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᓇᓱᐊᕐᓂᐅᙱᓚᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕐᓂᒃ, ᑖᓐᓇ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᐅᔪᖅ ᑎᔅᓯᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓵᓐᔅ, ᐃᕿᐊᓇᕋᑦᑕ ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᖅᑎᓪᓗᑕ ᑐᙵᕕᓪᓗᐊᑕᖓ ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖅ. ᐃᓪᓚᕋᕕᑦ ᓂᐊᖁᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᓕᒫᒥ. ᐸᕝ. ᐃᒡᓇᓯᐅ ᑕᕆᐅᖅ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓯᒪᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓵᓚᖃᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ, ᐋᒡᒑᕇᖅᑲᐅᒐᒪ. ᐊᑕᐅᓯᑐᐊᖅ ᓵᓚᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᐃᓕᓴᐃᔩᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖏᓐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ 23-24 ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᑎᑐᑦ ᐱᓪᓚᕆᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᓄᓱᑦᑕᐃᓕᒋᑦ ᐊᒃᑐᓈᖅ, ᐃᓛᒃ? ᐃᖏᒍᓐᓇᖅᐳᖔ ᐃᓕᔅᓯᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᖏᔪᒥᒃ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖃᙱᓪᓗᓯ? ᔭᐃᒍ, ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᐱᑦ ᓂᑯᕕᓪᓗᑎᑦ? ᐅᖃᖅᑲᐅᒐᒪ, ᓂᕈᐊᒐᒃᓴᐅᓂᐊᕋᒪ ᐋᖅᑭᒋᐊᕆᓕᕈᒪ. ᐊᓈᓇᐅᙱᓚᖓ ᐊᑖᑕᐅᙱᓚᖓᓗ ᐱᙳᐊᕈᓐᓃᕈᓐᓇᖅᐲᑦ? ᓄᑕᕋᓛᓂᒃ ᐊᐃᕙᖃᑎᖃᔾᔮᖏᑦᑐᖓ ᐃᓱᒪᔪᖓ ᑕᐃᑯᙵᕈᕕᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᐊᕋᕕᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᒃᓴᖅᑕᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᑕᑯᒥᓇᖅᑐᓂᒃ, ᐊᓯᖏᓪᓗ ᑕᑯᒥᓇᙱᑦᑐᓂᒃ, ᓲᕐᓗ ᒪᓐᑎᐅᓪᑎᑐᑦ. ᐅᖃᐅᑎᕙᒋᑦ ᐃᓱᒫᓗᒍᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᓯᓚᐃᕐᕆᔮᕐᓂᐅᔪᑦ, ᓂᕆᕙᒃᑲᕕᒋᑦ ᐸᑏᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᖅᑰᓯᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᖅ ᐅᓪᓗᓕᒫᖅ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᑯᕆᔅᑕᓪ ᑭᖑᕚᒃᓴᖅ. ᑕᒫᓃᓕᕋᒪ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᓄᑦ 30-ᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᓇᐅᒐᑐᖃᐅᓕᖅᑐᖓ. ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒍ ᐊᓈᓇᒐ ᐊᑖᑕᒐᓗ ᕿᐊᓕᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑎᒃ, ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒋᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᑎᓪᓗ ᐅᕙᓐᓂᒃ. ᓇᒻᒥᓂᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔭᕐᓂᒃ ᐱᔪᒪᒐᒃᑭᑦ, ᓵᑦᔨᐱᑎᒥᐅᖏᑦᑐᖅ. ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ ᓵᕗᑦ ᓴᖑᑎᓚᐅᕐᓚᕗᑦ. ᐋᒡᒐ ᐋᒡᒐ ᐋᒡᒐ ᐃᐊ ᐃᐊ, ᐊᓯᐊᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒍᓐᓇᖏᑕᕋ ᓂᓪᓕᐊᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖅ, ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᑲᓐᖑᓇᖅᑐᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑕᐅᒐᑦᑕ ᓂᓪᓕᐊᕕᐅᕙᒃᑐᒥ, ᓂᓪᓕᐊᕕᐅᕙᒃᑐᒥ, ᓂᓪᓕᐊᓂᖅ, ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᓂᖅ ᐊᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᓈᒻᒪᒃᐳᖅ! ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖅ? ᑕᒪᒃᑮᓐᓄᑦ ᓴᓂᕌᓄᑦ, ᓇᐹᖅᑐᐃᑦ ᓇᑲᑕᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᑦ. ᓇᐃᓈᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ: ᐊᔾᔨᙳᐊᑦ, ᑎᑎᖅᑐᒐᐃᑦ
ᕉᐱᓐ

ᑕᕝᕙᐅᕗᖓ... ᐃᓅᖃᑎᖃᖅᑐᖓ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓱᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᖓ ᐃᓪᓗᕈᓯᕐᒧᑦ.

ᐆᒃᑑᑎᐅᔪᖅ

ᐆᒻᒪᑎᖓᓄᑦ ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᑕ.

ᐊᖏᔪᒥᒃ ᑲᑕᒃᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᖅ

ᓱᕈᓯᑯᓗᑎᑐᑦ, ᐃᓕᓐᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᑉᐳᖅ

ᓱᖁᑎᒃᓴᙱᓚᖓ ᖃᓄᑎᒋ ᒥᑭᓐᓂᖅᓴᒥᒃ ᓯᕗᓂᒃᓴᑦᑎᓐᓂ

ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᐃᖃᐃᓕᓴᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᒪᒋᔭᐅᔭᕆᐊᖃᖅᐳᑦ ᑯᕉᔅᑎᑐᑦ

ᐋᒥᓕ! ᐋᒥᓕ!

ᖃᓄᖅ ᐅᖃᖅᐱᑦ ᐅᓕᕕᐊ? ᑐᓵᕙᒋᑦ, ᐄ

ᐊᒪᕈᐅᑉ ᓯᐅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᕿᓂᙱᓪᓗᑎᑦ

ᓯᓚᑐᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᓱᒋᕙᒃᑲᕕᒋᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᓯᓚᑐᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᑦᑕᖃᖅᐳᖅ.

ᒪᒥᐊᓇᖅ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᕆᒐᒃᑯ ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑖᒃᑯᐊ ᕿᕐᓂᖅᑕᐃᑦ ᐃᓚᒃᑲ.

ᐅᕙᓂ ᐊᑲᐅᙱᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕋᑦᑕ, ᖃᓄᖅ ᕼᐃᐅᔅᑕᓐ, ᑎᐊᒃᓯ

ᑭᓪᓕᓯᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᐅᒪᔾᔪᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ

ᑭᓪᓕᓯᓂᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ

ᐃᓱᒫᓗᙱᓪᓗᑎᑦ, ᐃᓄᑦᑎᐊᕙᐅᙱᓐᓇᒪ.

ᖃᓄᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᖓ, ᕌᑐᕆᒍ?

ᓲᖃᐃᒻᒪ, ᐸᐃᑉᐹᖅ

ᖃᐅᔨᒪᙱᒃᑯᕕᑦ ᓴᙱᓂᐅᔪᑦ ᒪᓕᒐᖏᓐᓂᒃ,

ᑐᖁᓂᐊᖅᐳᑎᑦ

ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓱᙱᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᑕᑯᒍᕕᑦ ᐊᒥᕐᓂᒃ

ᑕᒻᒪᕈᕕᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑕᐅᑎᓪᓗᑎᑦ

ᑕᑯᕕᓯᐅᒃ ᐱᓐᖑᐊᕈᓯᖅ?

ᑕᕝᕙᐅᕗᑏ :P

ᐱᔭᕇᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᕇᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑕᑯᓐᓇᖅᑕᐅᓗᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᐅᖃᑎᖏᓐᓄᑦ.

ᐃᓚᖓ ᐃᓗᓕᖃᒃᑲᓐᓂᕌᕐᔪᒃᑐᖅ

ᒫᓐᓇᓕ ᑭᖑᕝᕕᖅᐸᕋ ᑐᕆᑯᔅ, ᐅᖃᖅᐳᖓ, 3x

ᐊᑭᑦᑐᕋᐅᑎᙱᖔᕐᓗᑕ, ᐱᔭᕇᕆᐊᖃᕋᑦᑕ.

ᖃᐅᔨᒪᓕᕈᒪ, ᓇᓴᖃᕋᓗᐊᕈᒪ ᐱᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᖓ.

ᐊᐅᐸᖅᑐᖅ ᓈᓴᐅᓯᕆᔾᔪᑎ

ᑕᑯᓂᐊᖅᐳᑎᑦ ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᐃᓚᓕᐅᔾᔭᐅᓂᐊᕐᒪᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑭᓇᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᐸᐅᖓ ᐃᓕᓯᓂᐊᖅᐳᖅ, ᑕᑯᓂᐊᖅᐳᑎᑦ.

ᐃᕐᖑᑕᖓ

ᑕᒪᓐᓇ ᓱᓕᕙ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓴᓪᓗᕙ??

ᑐᓴᖅᓴᐅᕗᖅ ᓂᐱᖃᕈᓐᓃᖅᑎᑦᑎᓇᓱᐊᖅᑐᓂ
ᑰᐸ ᕿᓯᖃᙱᑦᑐᖅ

ᑕᐃᒃᑯᐊ ᕿᓯᖃᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᒥᖃᙱᒻᒪᑕ ᐃᓱᒪᒋᓗᒍ ᑎᒻᒥᐊᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᕿᒻᒥᐅᑉ ᖃᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᖁᖓᓯᕈᖃᙱᒻᒪᑕ. ᐊᑲᖅᓴᖏᑦᑐᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ ᓵᓕᒫᓂᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᒡᒐᐃᑦ ᐅᑎᖅᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᐃᒡᒐᐃᑦ ᑐᓂᔭᐅᖃᑦᑕᕆᐊᖃᓚᐅᕐᒪᑕ ᐊᒥᕈᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᑎᒃ ᑐᓱᓇᕋᔭᓐᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᓂᕆᕕᐅᑉ ᓴᓇᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑕᐃᒃᑯᓇᓂ ᑎᒍᔭᐅᒪᕕᐅᔪᓂ. ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐃᒡᒑᑦ ᐃᒡᒐᖏᑦ, ᑎᑭᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᓴᕕᕋᔭᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ. ᑕᐃᒪᓕ ᑕᐃᒃᑯᐊ ᐆᑦᑎᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᒡᒐᓕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑕ ᑕᐃᒃᑯᐊ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᐊᕐᓇᑎᒃ ᐅᖅᑰᓴᖅᑎᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᒪᑕ. ᐊᒃᓱᕈᕐᓇᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᑕᑯᓇᓱᐊᖅᑐᓂ ᐸᓂᖅᑐᒥᒃ, ᑎᓯᔪᒥᒃ ᐊᐅᑦᑕᔫᒥᒃ ᑎᒻᒥᑳᓚᐅᙱᑦᑐᒥᒃ ᐅᖅᓱᐊᓗᒻᒥᒃ. ᑭᖑᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ, ᓱᒃᑲᓂᖅᐹᖑᑐᐃᓐᓇᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᑲᔪᕐᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᑎᒃ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔨᒻᒪᕆᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᔨᓕᕆᔨᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᔨᓕᕆᔨᐅᔪᑦ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᒻᒥᔪᑦ ᓴᓇᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᓱᕋᒃᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᒡᒐᕐᓂᒃ. ᐆᓇᕐᓂᖅ ᐅᓪᓛᒃᑯᑦ ᐳᐃᒍᖅᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᓚᐅᙱᓚᖅ. ᐅᑎᕋᔭᙱᓚᖓ ᐊᑭᖃᙱᒃᑲᓗᐊᖅᐸᑦ ᖃᐅᑕᒫᑦ. ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᓂᖅ ᐱᐅᙱᒻᒪᑦ. ᑕᐃᓐᓇ ᓂᐅᕕᖅᑎᐅᔪᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᕈᒪᓚᐅᙱᒻᒪᑦ ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᐃᑦ ᓵᖓᓐᓂ, ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᕐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᐅᓚᐅᙱᒻᒪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᐅᔾᔪᑎᖏᑦ ᑐᙵᓇᙱᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᑎᒃ, ᓂᕿᖏᑦ ᐱᐅᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᑦ ᑭᓯᐊᓂᓕ ᐱᔨᑦᑎᕋᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓱᙱᑎᓪᓗᑎᑦ ᓂᕆᔪᒪᙱᒻᒪᕆᓕᖅᐸᒃᑲᕕᑦ.
ᑐᕌᓐᑐ

**ᑐᕌᓐᑐ** ᐃᓄᒋᐊᓛᖑᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐋᓐᑎᐅᕆᐅᒥᑐᕌᓐᑐ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᕆᓪᓗᓂ, ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᓄᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᖃᑎᒌᙱᓛᖑᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ

ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᒃᑕᖃᑦᑕᖅᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᑐᕌᓐᑐᒥᑦ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᖢᑎᒡᓗ, ᐃᓂᖃᖅᖢᑎᒃ ᑰᖕᓂᑦ, ᐃᑎᔪᓂᑦ, ᓇᐹᖅᑐᖃᕐᕕᖕᓂᓪᓗ, ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑦ 10,000 ᐅᖓᑖᓄᑦ
ᐲᔨᖕ

**ᐲᔨᖕ**, ᖃᓕᐅᔭᖅᐸᐅᓵᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᖕ, ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᓴᐃᓇᒥ22 ᒥᓕᐊᓐ ᐅᖓᑖᓂ ᐃᓄᖃᖅᖢᓂ, ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐃᓄᒋᐊᓛᖑᕗᖅ ᓴᐃᓃᓯ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᐃᓇᐅᑉ ᑐᒡᓕᕆᓪᓗᓂᐅᒃ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᕐᒥ ᓴᖕᕼᐊᐃᒥᙶᖅᖢᓂ 

ᐲᔨᖕ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᖏᕈᑎᓄᑦ, ᒐᕙᒪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐅᖃᐅᓯᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐳᓚᕋᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑐᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ, ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ
ᕿᐱᒃ

**ᕿᐱᒃ** ᐊᕿᑦᑐᖅ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᖅ ᐊᖏᔪᐊᓘᓪᓗᓂ ᒪᑐᓯᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᒪᑐᓯᔪᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂ ᐊᑐᖅᑎᐅᑉ ᑎᒥᖓᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᔾᔪᔪᐊᓘᓪᓗᓂ ᑎᒥᖓ ᐅᖅᑰᓴᐃᓐᓇᕈᓐᓇᖅᑐᓂ ᑎᒍᓯᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᒥᐅᑉ ᐅᖅᑰᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᔭᒐᐃᔭᐅᒐᔭᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᓱᑲᖃᓗᐊᓕᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ.
ᐄᓴᕅᓕ

**ᐄᓴᓖ**, ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐄᓴᓖ (ᕼᐃᐳᕈ: יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisrā’el) ᐊᒻᒪᓗ מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאraֵל ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ ᐋᓯᐊᒥ, ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᓯᔾᔭᖓᓂ ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᐋᓯᐊᒥ. ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓕᕙᓐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑭᓪᓕᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᓚᐸᓇᓐ, ᓯᐅᕆᐊ, ᔪᐊᑕᓐ, ᐃᔨᑉᐱ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒑᓴ ᓯᑐᕆᑉ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᐊᓕᓂᕐᒥ ᓯᔾᔭᒥ.ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᖃᕐᕕᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᔨᕈᓴᓚᒻ, ᑎᐅᓪ ᐊᕕᕝ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᖏᓂᖅᐹᖑᕗᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᖃᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᓂ
ᔫᓯᐱ ᓯᑖᓕᓐ

ᔫᓯᐱ ᓯᑖᓕᓐ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓱᕕᑦ ᔫᓂᐊᓐᑯᓐᓄᑦ 1941-ᒥᑦ 1953-ᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑎᒻᒪᕆᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᒥᓇᔅ ᐸᑎᒃᑯᑦ ᓱᕕᑦ ᔫᓂᐊᓐᒥ 1922-ᒥᑦ 1952-ᒧᑦ.
ᑯᓂᒃᑐᖅ

ᐅᒥᐊᖅᑐᕐᓂᖅ ᓴᓇᐅᒐᐅᕗᖅ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᓂᕐᒥᒃ ᐅᒥᐊᕐᒥᒃ ᐊᑐᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᐊᓄᕆᐅᑉ ᓴᓐᖏᓂᖓᓂᒃ ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔾᔪᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ.
ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐋᕋ

ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐊᕋ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᖅ ᒦᒃᓰᖂ. ᒐᕙᒪᖃᕐᕕᐅᕗᖅ ᔮᓕᔅᑯᒥ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ, ᑕᒪᒃᑮᓐᓂᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑮᓇᐅᔭᓕᐅᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᒃᑯᑦ. ᐃᓕᑕᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ ᑎᑭᓚ ᐊᒻᒪ ᒪᕆᐊᑭ ᐃᓅᕕᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᒪᕐᕉᒃ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᔫᒃ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖅᑎᒍᑦ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ.

ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐊᕋᐅᑉ ᐱᑐᖃᐅᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᑐᑦᑕᕐᕕᖓ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓯᒪᕗᖅ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᔪᒥᒃ ᐃᓚᖓᓂᒃ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ ᐱᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖓᓂᒃ, ᓇᓗᓇᐃᒃᑯᑕᖃᖅᑐᓂᒃ ᓯᓚᒥ ᓯᐊᕐᕆᔮᕐᕕᖕᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐱᑐᖃᐅᔪᓂᒃ ᐃᒡᓗᓂᒃ. ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᔪᑦ ᑎᒡᓚᑐ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᕐᕕᒃ, ᒫᓐᓇᓕᓴᖅ ᐃᒡᓗ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓴᓇᓯᒪᓂᖓᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᓇᐅᒐᕐᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᕐᓄᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᓄᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐊᕋ ᑐᒃᓯᐊᕐᕕᒃ, ᐃᓕᓴᕆᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᖕᓂᒃ ᒎᓗᓂᒃ ᖁᓕᕇᓕᖕᓂᒃ.

ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᕐᒥᔪᖅ ᔮᓕᔅᑯ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᑦ ᑐᔪᕐᒥᕕᖓᑦ, ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᐊᕙᓗᒥᐅᑕᖃᖅᑐᓂ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᑐᒧᑦ ᐊᒥᐊᕆᔨᒧᑦ ᕼᐅᓯ ᑭᓕᐊᓐᑎ ᐅᕉᔅᑯᒧᑦ, ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑦᑎᔪᑦ ᒥᐊᒃᓯᑯᒥᐅᑦ ᑭᖑᓂᑦᑎᓐᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓅᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ.
## ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕐᕕᒃᓴᐃᑦ

+ https://www.citypopulation.de/en/mexico/jalisco/guadalajara/140390001 guadalajara/
ᐅᐊᓕᐊᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖏᑦ

**ᐅᐊᓕᐊᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ** (Ualiakut Katujjiqatigiit) — ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐅᐊᓕᐊᒥᐅᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᐊᓕᐊᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᑦ. ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᖅ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1970−ᒥ ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ 21−ᓂᒃ. ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᖅ 88−ᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ (54 ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ, 7 ᓄᓇᓕᐅᔪᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ 27 ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑎᖏᑦ) ᐊᒻᒪ 300 ᒥᓕᔭᓐᖏᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ.

## ᐱᕕᖃᕐᓂᖅ (Piiviqarniq)
ᐅᐊᓕᐊᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᔨᐅᔪᖅ:
* ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᓴᕿᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ
* ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᓕᕆᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ
* ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ
* ᓇᓗᓇᐃᕐᓗᑎᑦ ᐃᓕᓴᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ

## ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᖏᑦ (Qanuiliurnigingit)
* **1960**: ᓴᓇᐅᒐᖅ ᔫᓚᐃ ᐊᐃᒪᓇᐅᒐᖅ "ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ"
* **1970**: ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᔨᓂᖅ ᓂᐱᐊ−ᒥ (Niamey), ᓂᔨᐊ (Niger)
* **1986**: ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖅ ᐃᒡᓘᓯ ᐳᓛᓯᒃ (Abdou Diouf) ᐊᖏᕈᑎᖃᖅᑐᖅ
* **2005**: ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖅ ᒪᐃᑯᓚᔾ ᒦᐊᔅ−ᒧᑦ (Michaëlle Jean)
* **2022**: ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖅ ᓗᐃᔨ ᑰᓴᒃ (Louise Mushikiwabo)

## ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ (Nunaliini Katimayingit)

## ᑲᑎᒪᔩᑦ (Katimajiit)
* **ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖅ ᑲᑎᒪᔨ**: ᐊᑎᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ (2 ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒥ)
* **ᐃᓚᖏᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔩᑦ**: ᑲᑎᒪᔨᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ (OIF)
* **ᐱᓕᕆᔨᒃᑯᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ**: 4 ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ (ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ, ᐊᕐᕕᒃ, ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ)

## ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᐊᓕᐊᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ
ᑲᓇᑕᒥ, ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒃ (Nunavik) ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᓐᓄᑦ ᑐᕌᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨᖏᑦ. ᐅᐊᓕᐊᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ:
* ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒻᒧᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ
* ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᓕᕆᓂᖅ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ
* ᑎᑎᖅᑲᖅᑎᑦ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒻᒧᑦ ᑐᑭᖃᕐᓂᖏᑦ

## ᓇᓗᓇᐃᕐᓗᑎᑦ (Nalunairlutit)
# Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. (2023). *ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᑦ: ᐅᐊᓕᐊᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ*. oif.int
# ᑲᓇᑕ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ. (2021). *ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ*. canada.ca
# ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. (2020). *ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ*. francophoniecanadienne.ca
# Diouf, Abdou. (2010). *ᐅᐊᓕᐊᑯᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ: ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖅ*. Éditions Gallimard.

ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ:ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ
ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ:ᕆᐊᒪᓐᓴᑎᒻᒧᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖏᑦ
ᑲᑎᓴᓂᖅ:ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖏᑦ
ᑲᑎᓴᓂᖅ:1970−ᒥ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᔨᓂᖏᑦ
2025 ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᖃᐃᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᖅ

**2025-ᒥ ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᖃᐃᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᖅ** ᖁᓕᒋᓕᖅᑕᖓ ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒃᑲᓐᓂᕐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᕿᑎᐊᓂ ᖃᐃᖁᔭᐅᓯᒪᓂᐅᔪᒥ (MSI), ᓂᙵᐅᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᓄᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ League of Legends-ᑯᓐᓄᑦ, ᐊᒥᓱᓄᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᐅᔪᒥ ᐱᙳᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᐱᓐᖑᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᓐᖑᐊᖅᑕᐅᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᕚᓐᑰᕙᒥ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᔫᓂ 27-ᒥ ᔪᓚᐃ 12-ᒧᑦ, 2025-ᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᓐᖑᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᑉᐱᐊᓱᓐᖏᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᓂᒃ.

ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᑐᙵᓱᒃᑎᑦᑎᓂᐅᕗᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ, ᓵᓚᒃᓴᖅᑐᑦ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ ᓇᓗᓇᐃᖅᓯᓂᐊᖅᐳᑦ ᐃᓂᒃᓴᒥᓂᒃ 2025-ᒥ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᓵᓚᒃᓴᕋᓱᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ.
UNESCO

**[[ᐅᓐᓯᑯ]]** (UNESCO) — **ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑐᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᐃᑦ** (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization). ᓄᓇᖃᖅᑳᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1945−ᒥ ᓄᕐᐱᕆ 16, ᐃᓗᓕᖏᑦ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ (UN) ᐱᔾᔪᑎᖃᖅᑐᖅ. ᐊᖅᑯᑎᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᒥᒃ, ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᕐᒥᒃ, ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ.

## ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᕐᓂᖏᑦ
### 1940−ᖏᑦ
* **1942**: ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᔨᓂᖅ (CAME)
* **1945**: ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᔨᓂᖅ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ
* **1946**: ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖓ ᑭᐅᔭᖅᑐᖅ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᓄᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ

### 1950−1990−ᖏᑦ
* **1960**: ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ
* **1972**: ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ
* **1978**: ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᑦ
* **1992**: ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ

### 2000−ᖏᑦ
* **2001**: ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᖏᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ
* **2003**: ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ
* **2015**: ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᕐᕋᐃᕕᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ

## ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᑦ
### ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ
* ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ
* ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ (ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑕᒫᑦ 2.5 ᒥᓕᔭᓐᖏᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᖏᓐᓂᒃ)
* ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᑕᒪᒃᑯᓄᖓ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓂᖅ
* ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ

### ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᖅ
* ᓯᓚᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᓂᖓ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ
* ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᐃᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓂᖅ
* ᓯᓚᐅᑉ ᐊᓯᔾᔨᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᑎᑦᑎᓂᖅ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ

### ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᑦ
* ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖏᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓂᖅ
* ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᖏᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ
* ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᓂᒃᑳᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓂᖅ (ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒃ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᖅᑎᑦ)
* ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑏᑦ

## ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ

## ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐅᓐᓯᑯ
ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖏᑦ UNESCO−ᒥᑦ ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ:
* **2001**: ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒃ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᖅᑎᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᑦ
* **2018**: ᑭᖕᒋᓗᐊᓪ ᑎᖕᒥᕐᓱᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ
* **2022**: ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓂᕿᑦᑎᐊᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐃᓅᓯᕐᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓂᖅ

## ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᒻᒪᕆᒃ

## ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᖑᔪᖅ
* **ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ**: 193−ᓂᒃ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐃᓗᓕᖏᑦ (ᐊᕐᕌᒍᑕᒫᑦ 2 ᓴᖅᑭᑎᑦᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ)
* **ᐱᓕᕆᔨᕋᓛᑦ**: ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖓ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᒻᒪᕆᐅᑉ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ
* **ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᑦᑎᔨᕋᓛᑦ**: ᐊᖏᔪᖅᑳᖓ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᒻᒪᕆᐅᑉ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᖏᑦ

## ᐊᑦᑕᓇᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖑᔪᑦ
* **ᓄᓇᕕᒻᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ ᐱᓕᕆᔾᔪᑎᓄᑦ**: ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᒥᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᖃᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ
* **ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᑦ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᓂᖅ**: ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᖅᑎᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ
* **ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ**: ᓴᓚᓛᓐᑯᑦ ᑭᓱᑦ, ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᒥᕐᖑᐃᓯᕐᕕᖓ

## ᑕᑯᓐᓇᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ
* ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ (UN)
* ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ
* ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ
* ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐃᓕᖅᑯᓯᑐᖃᖏᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᓂᒃ

## ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ
* Singh, J.P. *UNESCO: ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑏᑦ*. Routledge, 2011.
* Droit, Roger-Pol. *ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑐᑦ: ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ*. UNESCO Publishing, 2005.
* ᐅᓐᓯᑯ. *ᐊᕐᕋᐃᕕᒃ 2021−2030: ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ*. ᐸᕐᓕᓯ, 2021.
* ᒪᒃᑯᑦ, ᔭᓯᐊᑉ (2020). *ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑐᑦ: ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ*. ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᖅᑏᑦ.

## ᐃᑭᐊᑦᑕᐅᑦ
* ᐅᓐᓯᑯ−ᑎᑎᕋᕐᕕᒃ ᓯᓚᑖᓂ
* ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ ᑲᑎᒪᔨᕋᓛᑦ
* ᐅᓐᓯᑯ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ
* ᐅᓐᓯᑯ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ

## ᐃᑲᔪᖅᑕᐅᔪᑦ

# ᐅᓐᓯᑯ (2023). *ᖃᓄᐃᓕᖓᓂᖏᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ ᐱᔭᕆᐊᖑᔪᖅ*. ᐸᕐᓕᓯ.
# ᒪᒃᑯᑦ, ᔭᓯᐊᑉ (2020). *ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᒃᑐᑦ: ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᓂᖏᑦ*. ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᓕᒫᖅᑏᑦ.
# ᑲᓇᑕ ᒐᕙᒪᒃᑯᖏᑦ (2022). *UNESCO ᑲᓇᑕᒥ*. ᐊᐅᑐᕙ.


ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ:ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ
ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ:ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎ
ᑎᑎᕋᐅᓯᖅ:ᐆᒪᔪᓕᕆᓂᖅ
ᑲᑎᓴᓂᖅ:ᓄᓇᓕᖕᓂ ᐊᔾᔨᒌᖏᑦᑐᑦ
ᑲᑎᓴᓂᖅ:ᓄᓇᓕᓐᓂ ᒪᓕᒐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᑦ
ᓴᖅᑲᓕᐊᓯ ᑯᓄᒃ

**ᓴᖅᑲᓕᐊᓯ ᑯᓄᒃ** ᑲᓇᑕᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᐃᓄᒃ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐅᖅᑎ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒃᑎᑦᑎᔨ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᓛᖑᔪᖅ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐊᒥᓄᑦ *[[ᐊᑕᓈᕐᔪᐊᑦ]]*. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᔪᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᖅ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑑᖓᔪᐃᓐᓇᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᖅᑎᖃᖅᖢᓂ.

ᐊᖓᔪᖅᑳᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᖅᑮᔨᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒃ ᐃᓱᒪ ᓴᓇᔨᖏᑦ, ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᐃᒻᒥᒃᑰᖓᔪᖅ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐅᖅᑏᑦ. ᐱᒋᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᖃᑎᒋᓯᒪᔭᖏᑦ ᐅᑯᐊᖑᕗᑦ ᐹᓪ ᖁᓕᑕᓕᒃ, ᐹᓪ ᐊᐸᒃ ᐊᖏᕐᓕᖅ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓄᐊᒪᓐ ᑳᓐ (ᐃᓄᑐᐊᖑᙱᑦᑐᖅ ᑕᐱᕇᓄᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ). *ᐊᑕᓈᕐᔪᐊᑦ* (2001) ᑕᐃᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᐅᓂᖅᐹᖅ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐊᖑᓯᒪᔪᑦ ᑕᐃᒪᙵᓕᒫᖅ 2015-ᒥ ᑐᕌᓐᑐ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐅᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓲᑎᖃᕐᓂᖅ ᓂᕈᐊᕐᓂᐅᔪᒥ.

## ᐃᓅᓯᕆᓯᒪᔭᖓᑕ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᓂᖓ
ᔭᑲᕆᐊᔅ ᑯᓄᒃ ᐃᓅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑲᐳᐃᕖᑦ (ᔭᓐᔅ ᒪᖕᒃ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖓᓂ) ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖓᓂ, ᓄᓇᕗᑦ (ᑕᐃᔅᓱᒪᓂ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᑦᓯᐊᕐᒥ), ᑲᓇᑕᒥ. 1966-ᒥ, ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕆᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᖕᒥ. ᑕᐃᑲᓂ ᓴᓇᓐᖑᐊᖃᑦᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓂᐅᕐᕈᑎᖃᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᓂᓗ ᓴᓇᓐᖑᐊᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐊᑭᓕᖅᓱᐃᔪᓐᓇᖁᓪᓗᒍ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᕆᐊᖅᑐᕈᑎᓂᒃ. ᐊᔪᕈᓐᓃᖅᐸᓪᓕᐊᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓂᐅᕕᕈᓐᓇᖅᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᕈᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᔾᔨᓕᐅᕆᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᐊᖑᓇᓱᒃᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᔪᓂᒃ. ᑐᓴᕋᒥ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐅᕈᑎᓂᒃ 1981-ᒥ, ᓂᐅᕕᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᓱᓇᒃᑯᑖᓂᒃ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖅ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐅᕈᓐᓇᕐᓂᕐᒥᒃ.

## ᓇᑭᙶᕐᕕᒃ
ᐃᓱᒪ

**ᐃᓱᒪ** ᓴᓇᙳᐊᖅᑎᐅᕗᖅ ᑲᑎᖅᓱᐃᔨᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᖕᓄᑦ ᓇᖕᒥᓂᕆᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ (75%) ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᓕᐅᖅᑎᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑲᒻᐸᓂ, ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᖃᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᔮᑲᕆᐊᔅ ᑯᓄᒃᒧᑦ, ᐹᓪ ᐊᐸᒃ ᐊᖏᓪᓕᕐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓄᐊᒪᓐ ᑳᓐᒧᑦ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒃ, ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥ 1990-ᒥ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᓄᓇᕐᔪᐊᓕᒫᒥ ᓵᓚᖃᐅᓯᐊᖅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐊᕆᓯᒪᔭᖓᓄᑦ, *[[ᐊᑕᓈᕐᔪᐊᑦ]]*, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᕐᕆᔮᒃᓴᓕᐊᖑᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓪᓗᓂ, ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒃᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᒪᐃᓐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖓᒍᑦ, ᐃᓱᒪ ᓂᕈᐊᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑭᒡᒐᖅᑐᖅᑎᐅᓂᐊᕐᓗᓂ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ 2019 ᕖᓂᔅ Biennale ᑕᑯᒃᓴᐅᑎᑦᑎᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᒐᒃᓴᒥᒃ *[[ᐅᓪᓗᖅ ᐊᑕᐅᓯᖅ ᐃᓅᓯᖓᓂ ᓄᐊ ᐱᐅᒐᑦᑐᖅ]]*, ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓴᕿᔮᖅᑎᑦᑎᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᓴᓇᐅᒐᕐᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᓐᓄᑦ Canada Pavillon-ᒥ.

## ᓇᑭᙶᕐᕕᒃ
ᐊᑕᓈᕐᔪᐊᑦ

***ᐊᑕᓈᕐᔪᐊᑦ*** 2001-ᒥ ᑲᓇᑕᒥ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐊᖑᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒃᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᒃ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᓕᐅᖅᑎᒧᑦ ᓵᑯᕋᐃᐊᔅ ᑯᓄᒃᒧᑦ, ᓴᓇᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᒻᐸᓂᒋᔭᖓᓄᑦ ᐃᓱᒪ ᐃᒡᓗᓕᒃ ᓴᓇᔨᓄᑦ. ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᑕᕐᕆᔮᒃᓴᖅ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᑐᑭᒧᐊᒃᑎᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᒻᒪ ᑕᕐᕆᔭᖅᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ.

## ᓇᑭᙶᕐᕕᒃ


* ᓴᖅᑲᓕᐊᓯ ᑯᓄᒃ
ᓪᕙᓂ-ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᐱᖃᑎᒌᓐᓂᖏᑦ

ᐊᓪᐸᓂᐊ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᖃᑕᐅᕗᑦ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᑕᕆᐅᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᑭᐊᓂ ᐊᖏᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᓄᑦ ᑲᑐᔾᔨᖃᑎᒌᓄᑦ (NATO).

## ᑐᑭᓯᒋᐊᕐᕕᒃᓴᐃᑦ
ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖅ ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐊᕋ

**ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒃ ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐊᕋ** ᑭᒃᑯᑐᐃᓐᓇᕐᓄᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒃ ᐃᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐊᕋ, ᒥᐊᒃᓯᑯ. ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᒋᐊᙵᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ 1586-ᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓪᓚᕆᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᕕᕝᕗᐊᕆ 12, 1791-ᒥ ᑯᐃᓐ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖓ ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐊᕋᒥ. ᐊᕐᕌᒍᒐᓴᐃᑦ ᐊᓂᒍᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑎᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᐱᕙᓪᓕᐊᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᒥᐊᒃᓯᑯᒥ ᓯᕗᓕᖅᑎᐅᖃᑕᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᐅᓪᓗᓂ.

ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᒃ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔪᖅ ᐊᒥᓱᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᐊᓗᓐᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗᑦᑕᐅᖅ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ ᖁᑦᑎᓂᖅᓴᓄᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓄᑦ, ᑐᓂᐅᖅᑲᖅᑕᐅᕙᑦᑐᑦ ᓇᒥᑐᐃᓐᓇᖅ ᔭᓕᔅᑯ. ᑕᑯᓐᓇᖅᑕᐅᒻᒪᑦ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᓴᕐᕕᔾᔪᐊᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐊᕕᑦᑐᖅᓯᒪᔪᓂ. ᒪᓕᒃᑐᒋᑦ ᓴᖅᑭᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᓂᖏᑦ, ᑐᒡᓕᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᑐᖃᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖅ ᒥᐊᒃᓯᑯᒥ, 17-ᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᑐᖃᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ 14-ᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᐱᑐᖃᐅᓂᖅᐹᖑᓪᓗᓂ ᓛᑎᓐ ᐊᒥᐊᓕᑲᒥ.

ᑕᐃᒪᓐᖓᓂᑦ 1994-ᒥᓂᑦ, ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᖅ ᒍᐊᑕᓚᕼᐋᕋᒥ ᐊᐅᓚᓂᖃᖅᓯᒪᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᑲᓲᒪᖃᑎᒌᖕᓂᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓱᐃᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕈᑎᒃᓴᓂᒃ. ᑖᓐᓇ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒃ ᑲᓲᒪᖃᑎᒌᒍᑎᖓ ᐃᓗᓕᖃᖅᑐᖅ 15-ᓂᒃ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᓂᒃ, ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᑉ ᖃᕆᑕᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂᒃ, ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᐊᓗᖕᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓂᓕᕆᓂᕐᒧᑦ ᐋᖅᑭᒃᓯᒪᓂᖓᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒡᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᔨᖏᓐᓂᒃ. 2014–2015 ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᓇᐅᑉ ᐊᕐᕌᒍᐊᓂ, ᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒃ ᑲᑎᖦᖢᒋᑦ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᖃᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ 255,944-ᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ, ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ 116,424-ᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ ᖁᑦᑎᖕᓂᖅᓴᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ ᐊᒻᒪ 139,520-ᓂᒃ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᕐᕕᐊᓗᖕᒥ ᐃᓕᓐᓂᐊᖅᑎᓂᒃ.

## ᑎᑎᖅᑯᓯᐅᑎᑦ

## ᐅᖃᐅᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᓯᕗᓂᕐᓂᖅ

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ᐳᐃᔨᒧᑦ ᐃᙱᐅᓯᖅ

ᓄᓇᒥ ᖁᐊᖅᓵᕐᓇᖅᑐᖃᕐᓂᐊᖅᐳᖅ ᓄᓇ ᑲᑕᒃᐸᑦ ᐊᒻᒪ ᐊᒪᕈᖅ ᐃᒥᕐᓂᐊᓕᖅᐸᑦ .

ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᓂᖏᑦ ᐲᖅᑕᐅᓯᒪᓕᕐᒪᑕ. ᖃᐅᒪᖏᑦ ᑕᑯᒥᓇᖅᑐᒻᒪᕆᐅᕗᑦ.

ᐅᒥᐊᕐᔪᐊᖅ ᒥᖅᓱᖅᑕᐅᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᑐᖁᖓᔪᓄᑦ.

ᕿᔪᒃ ᓂᕿᐅᕗᖅ, ᓴᓇᙳᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐃᒪᐅᕗᖅ.

ᑕᐃᒪᓕ, ᐊᑯᓂ ᐅᑕᖅᑭᓚᐅᖅᑎᓪᓗᑕ, ᓴᖅᑭᑦᑕᓯᓐᓇᓕᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐅᑕᖅᑭᓂᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᔭᕇᓕᑕᐃᓐᓇᓚᐅᕐᒪᑦ. ᐃᒪᓐᓇ ᐅᖃᕐᓗᒍ, ᑕᑯᓪᓗᓂ ᓱᓕᓂᕋᓚᐅᖅᑕᒥᓂᒃ, ᐅᖃᕋᔭᖅᑐᖅ "ᐊᓱᐃᓚᒃ."

ᐊᖑᑦ ᐃᕙᓗᕕᖕᒥᐅᑕᖅ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔭᖅᑐᖅ, ᐅᖁᒪᐃᑦᑐᓂᒃ ᖁᕝᕙᕆᐊᖅᑎᑦᑎᓪᓗᓂ, ᓴᙱᒃᑎᑉᐸᓪᓕᐊᓪᓗᓂ.

ᓘᑦᑖᖅ ᕿᓂᖅᑐᖅ ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᒻᒥᒃ. ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᖕᒥ, ᒐᕙᒪᑐᖃᒃᑯᑦ ᓂᕕᙵᖅᓯᔪᒪᕗᑦ ᑕᓪᓕᒪᓂᒃ ᐃᓄᖕᓂᒃ ᖁᓛᓂ ᑐᐊᕕᕐᓇᖅᑐᒃᑯᑦ, ᖃᐅᔨᓴᙱᓪᓗᒋᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᒪᑎᙱᓪᓗᒋᑦ. ᑕᒪᕐᒥᒃ ᓴᓗᒪᙱᑦᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᑦ ᓯᐊᒻᒪᒃᓯᒪᕗᑦ ᓵᖓᓂ ᓯᐊᒻᒪᒃᐸᓪᓕᐊᔪᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᑦ, ᐅᖃᕐᓗᑕ.

ᑭᕕᐅᖅ ᓯᕗᓪᓕᖅᐹᖅ ᐃᓄᒃ. ᑕᐃᒫᑦᑎᐊᖅ ᐃᕆᓐᓱᑐ ᑐᒃᓯᕋᓚᐅᖅᐹ ᑎᕆᒐᓂᐊᕐᒥᒃ ᓇᐹᖅᑐᐅᔪᓐᓇᖏᑦᑐᒥᒃ? ᐃᓄᒃᓱᒃ, ᐃᓱ ᐅᓪᓛᖅ ᓯᓂᖅᑲᐅᖏᒻᒪᑦ.

ᐊᐱᖅᑯᑎᐅᔪᖅ ᐱᐅᓯᖃᑦᑎᐊᕐᓂᖅ ᐱᐅᒻᒪᖔᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᒪᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᒪᓕᒃᑕᐅᑦᑎᐊᕋᓗᐊᕐᒪᖔᑕ.

ᐃᔨ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐊᑕᓂᕆᕙᐅᒃ ᑐᓂᓯᕙᒃᑐᖅ? ᓈᓴᐅᑎᖓ ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᑉ ᐱᒋᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᒪᕐᕉᓐᓄᑦ ᓴᓪᓗᔪᓄᑦ, ᐊᐃᑉᐸᖓ ᐱᒻᒪᕆᐅᓂᖅᐹᒧᑦ. ᐊᓯᕙᒃ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ 6-ᓄᑦ ᓴᓪᓗᓚᐅᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᖃᓪᓗᓈᓄᑦ. ᖁᐃᑦᑎᓯᒪᕚ?

ᐊᐅᖓ ᓱᓕ ᐊᓂᖅᓵᖅᑐᕈᓐᓇᖅᐹ. ᐊᒪᕈᖅ ᓴᐳᔾᔨᕙ ᑎᒥᒥᓂᒃ?

ᓯᓚᕐᔪᐊᕐᒥᐅᓂᒃ ᓴᔪᒃᐱᓪᓚᒃᑎᑦᑎᓂᐊᖅᐹ. ᐱᐅᓕᔭᐅᓂᐊᖅᐹ? ᕿᒥᕐᓗᒃ ᑎᒍᕙ, ᐊᕐᕕᓂᓖᑦ, ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᓂᐅᖏᑦ, ᐱᖓᓱᑦ ᓇᓪᓚᖓᔪᑦ. ᐃᓄᐃᑦ ᓴᐃᓃᓛᖅᑐᑦ. ᖃᑯᖅᑕᖅ ᐅᖁᒪᐃᑦᑐᖅ ᓱᕐᕿᑐᖅᑲᖅ ᐋᓯᕙᖅ.

ᑕᐃᒃᓱᒪᓂ, ᐃᒪᖅ ᑲᑕᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᓯᓚᒥ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑎᖕᒥᐊᓂᒃ.

ᒥᑦᔅ ᓴᙱᔪᒻᒪᕆᐅᕗᖅ ᑎᑭᑐ ᑐᑭ, ᕉᓴ ᒪᕆᐊ ᐱᓗᑕ, ᑕᒫᓐᑐ ᒪᒪᐃ ᑕᐳᓐᓯᓚ, ᒎᓗᒥ ᐊᓄᕌᖅᑐᒥ. ᐋᓐᑕᓐ ᐳᕘᑕ ᓚᒻ ᒪᐅ ᓯᑕᖕ

ᐋᓐᓂᐊᕕᒃ ᒫᓐᓇ ᑰᓕᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑰᓕᖅᑐᓂ.

ᔨᒥ ᐅᖅᓱᐊᓗᐃᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᒋᔭᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᖃᕋᓴᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖅᓱᐊᓗᒻᒥᒃ ᐊᒥᐊᖓᓂᒃ ᖁᐱᕐᕈᐊᕐᔪᐃᑦ ᐋᓪᐴᓐᑎᒍ. ᓇᖕᒥᓂᖃᖅᑐᖅ ᐊᒥᓱᑲᓪᓚᖕᓂᒃ ᓇᓄᖃᕐᕕᖕᓂᒃ ᐅᑭᐅᖅᑕᖅᑐᒥ ᓇᓄᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᒥ.

ᕗᕌᓂᑲ ᐊᒻᒪ ᔨᒥ ᐊᔅᑲᐃᑦ ᐆᒥᓱᒃᐳᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᓂᒃ ᖃᓂᒥᒍᑦ ᐊᓐᓄᕌᓕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᒪᑕ. ᐋᓐᔨᐅᑉ ᐃᒡᓕᖓ ᑎᐱᖃᖅᐳᖅ ᓂᕿᒥᒃ, ᑕᐃᒪᐃᒻᒪᑦ ᓴᐃᓃᓯᒃᑯᑦ ᐅᖃᐅᓯᖏᓐᓂᒃ ᑯᕕᓯᕙᒃᐳᖅ ᐊᑭᕋᖓᑕ ᖃᓂᖓᓄᑦ. ᐊᖑᑕᐅᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᐊᕐᓇᐅᖃᑎᒌᑦ ᖁᕕᐊᓇᖅᑐᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᕕᐊᓇᖅᑐᑦ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᖁᐱᕐᕈᖏᑦ ᓵᒦᖏᓐᓇᐅᔭᖅᑐᑦ, ᓲᕐᓗ ᕉᑐᕆᐳᓚ (Rodribola).

ᔨᒥ, ᓴᓇᔨ, ᑐᓄᐊᓂ ᓇᓪᓚᖓᓚᐅᖅᐳᖅ ᐋᓇᑎᑐᑦ ᐅᖃᖅᑐᓂᓗ "ᕼᐊᓘ, ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᕋ" ᕕᓕᔅᒧᑦ. ᑖᓂᐊ ᒪᕆᐊ ᑕᓇᐸᑕ. ᓇᐹᖅᑐᖅ ᔨᒥ ᑯᓂᔅ KGB-ᑯᑦ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᖅᑎᖓ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓂᐱᒥᓂᒃ ᐱᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᐸᒃᑐᑎᒃ. ᐊᓪᓛᑦ ᐃᙱᖃᑦᑕᓕᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ "ᐊᐃ ᐊᐃ ᐊᐃᐹᓴ" ᐱᐅᕆᔅ ᓂᕆᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᑲᑎᒪᓂᐅᔪᓂ.
ᒍᕌᒻ ᑯᕌᑯ

**ᒍᕌᒻ ᑯᕌᑯ** ᒪᒪᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑎᐱᓕᒃ ᐸᓚᐅᒑᖅ ᓴᓇᔭᐅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᒍᕌᒻ ᐸᓚᐅᒑᕐᒥᒃ ᐱᒋᐊᓚᐅᖅᓯᒪᔪᖅ ᒥᐊᓕᒐᐃᑦ ᓄᓇᖓᓐᓂ ᕿᑎᐊᓂ 19-ᖑᑎᓪᓗᒍ, ᓂᐅᕐᕈᑕᐅᔪᓐᓇᖅᓯᓪᓗᓂ 1880-ᒥ ᓂᕆᔭᐅᕙᒃᑐᖅ ᓂᕆᔭᒃᓴᐅᓪᓗᓂ, ᒪᒪᖅᑐᒥᒃ- ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᓯᓇᓇᓐ-ᒥᒃ ᑎᐱᖃᖅᑐᓂ, ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐊᑐᖅᑕᐅᕙᒃᑐᓂ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᓂ ᒍᕌᒻ ᐸᓚᐅᒑᕐᒧᑦ, ᐸᓚᐅᒑᓄᑦ. ᐸᐃ.
Conghua, Guangzhou

Conghua aviktuqsimaninga, nagligijaulluni sunguvauniraqtaulluni, ilagijaujuq 11-nut nunalipaujanut aviktuqsimaniujunut ammalu ukiuqtaqtumiunut aviktuqsimaniujunut taikani guanjuu, gavamaqarviujuq guantang puraavinsimi, sainami. Conghua kasuqtittijuq puul kuunganik tiultamik qaqqalialungmik guantung uannangani. Sainami, qaujimajaujuq uunaqtuqarninganut maisinik. Iluliqaqtuq 1,974.15 kilaamitunik (762.22 kippaariktut mai), anginiqpaangujuq nunalipaujaq guanjuumi, inuqaqhluni 717,684-nik 2020-mi.

Juuni 2023-mi, kupaikmi 3-nik aturiaqaqpuq amma 5-nik nunalingnik: Jiekou suptisturik, Jiangpu suptisturik, Chengjiao surtisturik , Wenquan taun, Liangkou taun, Lvtian taun, Taiping taun, Aotou taun. Pijunnarniqarmijuq: Huanglongdai imaqautinga ammalu Daling mauntan napaaqtuqarvik. Turaarutinga Conghua gavamangata naasautinga 99, Xincheng kanannangani aqquti, jiekou akunniqsuqtuq.
ᐃᐳ, ᓄᐊᑦ ᓰᓚᓐᑦ

ᓇᐱᐅᕐ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᑲᓇᖕᓇᖅᐸᓯᖕᒦᖦᖢᓂ ᓂᐅ ᓰᓚᓐ ᐅᐊᖕᓇᖓᓂ ᕿᑭᖅᑕᖓᓂ ᐊᐅᓚᑦᑎᕕᐅᓪᓗᓂᓗ ᕼᐋᒃᔅ ᐸᐃᒥ. ᓯᒡᔭᖅᐸᓯᖕᒥ ᓄᓇᓕᐸᐅᔭᐅᕗᖅ ᑐᓚᒃᑕᕐᕕᖃᖅᖢᓂ, ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᓯᓚ ᓯᕿᓐᓂᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᖓᓄᑦ, ᓯᒡᔭᖃᖅᖢᓂ ᓄᐊfolk ᓇᐹᖅᑐᓕᖕᓂᒃ, ᐊᒻᒪ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᖃᐅᑦᑎᐊᖅᖢᓂ ᓴᓇᙳᐊᒐᕐᓂᒃ. ᑕᒪᒃᑯᐊ ᑕᐅᑦᑐᖏᑦ ᐱᔾᔪᑎᒋᓪᓗᒋᑦ, ᓇᐱᐅᕐ ᐃᓛᓐᓂᓚᐅᓱᖓᖅ ᑕᐃᔭᐅᕙᒃᐳᖅ 'Nice of the Pacific'-ᒥ.
ᑎᕆᒐᓂᐊᖅ

ᑎᕆᒐᓂᐊᑦ ᓂᕿᑐᖅᑎᐅᕗᑦ ᐆᒪᔪᑦ ᐃᓚᒋᔭᐅᓪᓗᑎᒃ ᐆᒪᔪᓄᑦ ᐊᒫᒪᒃᑎᑦᑎᔪᓄᑦ. ᖃᐅᔨᒪᔭᐅᒐᔪᒃᑐᑦ ᑎᕆᒐᓂᐊᑦ ᐅᕝᕙᓘᓐᓃᑦ ᑎᕆᒐᓂᐊᑦ.
ᒍᕇ

ᒍᕉ ᕗᐊᓐᑎᔅ ᐱᕆᐅᕋ ᓄᑲᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᐋᓐᑕᓐ ᕗᐊᓐᑎᐅᕋᐅᑉ,ᐊᒥᓱᐊᓗᓐᓂᒃ ᑕᐃᑯᙵᕋᓱᐊᖅᑐᓂ, ᐃᓱᐊᓂ ᓯᖁᒥᑉᐳᖅ ᒍᕆ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᐱᒐᕐᒧᑦ, ᐴᖅ ᐃᓕᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᑲᓕᔾᔭᓂᒃ ᑐᓂᓂᐊᖅᐸᒋᑦ. ᒍᕉ ᑎᐊᓇᐸᑕ ᓇᐹᖅᑐᖅ. Groi-ᒧᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖅ ᖁᐱᕈᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓯᓚᑖᓅᕈᓐᓇᐅᑎᐅᓗᓂ.ᒍᕉᐃ ᒪᒪᖅᓴᖅᑐᖅ ᕙᓪᕗᓪᔅᒥᒃ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᓗᓕ ᐊᓇᖏᓐᓂᒃ, ᑕᒪᒃᑮᓄᑦ ᑕᓐᑕᐃᓐᒧᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᐃᓗᑦᑐᖅᑎᕆᔨᒧᑦ ᓱᕋᓕᖃᑦᑕᖅᑐᖅ. ᑰᐳ ᕿᓕᖅᓯᓇᖓ. ᒍᕆ ᐱᖃᓐᓇᕆᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑲᐱᒐᕐᒧᑦ, ᐴᖅ ᐃᓕᓯᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐱᖓᓱᓂᒃ ᑲᓕᔾᔭᓂᒃ ᑐᓂᓂᐊᖅᐸᒋᑦ. ᒍᕉ ᑎᐊᓇᐸᑕ ᓇᐹᖅᑐᖅ. Groi-ᒧᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᓇᐃᔮᖅ ᖁᐱᕈᕐᒥᑦ ᐊᒻᒪᓗ ᑲᓇᑕᐅᑉ ᓯᓚᑖᓅᕈᓐᓇᐅᑎᐅᓗᓂ. ᖁᓄᔪᖕᓂᐊᕐᓂᖅᒍᕉ ᕿᒡᒋᖅᑕᖅᖢᓂ ᐊᑭᓕᒐᒃᓴᓄᑦ ᐃᓗᑦᑐᖅᑎᓯᒪᔪᖅ -ᒥ ᓂᕆᑎᓪᓗᒍ ᐅᖅᓱᕐᒥᒃ ᖁᐃᔪᒥᒃ. ᒥᓱᒃᑎ ᐃᒡᓚᓚᐅᖅᑐᖅ ᐋᓐᑕᓐᒥ, ᑭᓯᐊᓂ ᑐᑭᓯᔭᐅᙱᖦᖢᓂ. ᐊᓄᕆᒧᑦ ᐊᑭᒋᔭᐅᔪᖅ ᑐᕆᒻᑉ ᐊᑭᓕᕆᐊᖃᖅᑕᖓᓄᑦ. ᖃᓕᕈᓯᐅᑉ ᖄᖓᓂ, ᖃᓕᕈᓯᐅᑉ ᖄᖓᓃᑦᑐᖅ ᐳᐃᒍᕐᓂᕐᒪᑦ ᓈᓴᐅᑎᒥᒃ 3.' Groi ᐅᑎᕐᑎᑦᑎᓚᐅᕐᐳᖅ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᑎᒥᑦ ᐃᖂᑎᒧᑦ. Groi−ᑯᑦ ᒥᓱᒃᓯᓚᐅᖅᐳᑦ ᖃᐅᓯᖅᑐᒥᒃ ᑎᑎᕋᐅᑎᒥᒃ ᐅᓪᓗᒥ ᓴᓇᑎᓪᓗᖓ ᑐᐊᑦᑐᓚᒥᒃ, ᐊᓗᒋᐊᒐᕐᒥᒃ ᒥᓗᒃᓯᓯᒪᓪᓗᖓ