Lorna Goodison

Lorna Gaye Goodison CD (amụrụ 1 Ọgọst 1947) bụ onye na-ede uri Jamaica, onye edemede na onye memoirist, onye isi ode akwụkwọ West India, onye ọrụ ya ruru afọ iri anọ. Ọ bụ ugbu a Prọfesọ Emerita, Asụsụ Bekee na Akwụkwọ / Afroamerican na African Studies na Mahadum Michigan, na-ejebu ozi dị ka Lemuel A. Johnson Prọfesọ nke Bekee na African na Afroamerican Studies. A họpụtara ya Poet Laureate nke Jamaica na 2017 (na-aga nke ọma Mervyn Morris), na-eje ozi na ọrụ ruo 2020.. [3]

Akwụkwọ uri Goodison's 1986, Ana m aghọ Nne m, meriri ihe nrite Commonwealth Writers', na olu 2013 ya, Oracabessa, meriri OCM Bocas Prize for Poetry. Na mgbakwunye na uri, Goodison ebipụtala mkpokọta nke mkpirisi akụkọ na edemede, yana ihe ncheta Site na Harvey River: A Memoir of My Mother and Her Island, nke n'afọ 2008 bụ onye natara otu n'ime akwụkwọ edemede kachasị ukwuu nke Canada, British Columbia's National Ihe nrite maka akụkọ ifo ndị Canada, yana na Mee 2009 ka ewepụtara na akwụkwọ izu ụka BBC Radio 4..

Na 2019, Goodison nwetara nrite ọla edo nke Queen maka uri.

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Afọ ndị mbụ
A mụrụ Lorna Gaye Goodison na Kingston, Jamaica, na 1 Ọgọst 1947, ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya dabara na ụbọchị nnwere onwe. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụnne itoolu (ndị gụnyere onye nta akụkọ na-emeri ihe nrite Barbara Gloudon). Goodison gụrụ akwụkwọ na St. Hugh's High School, onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Anglican na Jamaica, wee mụọ na Jamaica School of Art, tupu ya agawa na Art Students League of New York, bụ ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru onye na-ese ihe Afrika-American Jacob Lawrence..

Na mgbakwunye na ise ihe, Goodison edeela uri kemgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, ụfọdụ n'ime uri mbụ ya na-apụta na-amaghị aha na *Jamaica Gleaner*. Ọ kọwaala uri dị ka "onye na-achị achị, onye na-eme ihe ike. Ọ bụ ihe m ga-eme - ike ọjọọ". Ọ na-ekwu na Derek Walcott nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ihe odide ya. O kwuru banyere otú Dante na Divine Comedy ya si emetụta ọrụ ya,  ma kwuo, sị: "ahọrọghị m uri - ọ họọrọ m. "

N'afọ 20, mgbe ọ laghachiri na Jamaica, Goodison kụziri nka ma rụọ ọrụ na mgbasa ozi na mmekọrịta ọha na eze tupu ọ chụsoo ọrụ dị ka onye edemede ọkachamara. Ọ malitere ibipụta n'aha nke ya na Jamaica Journal, na ịgụ ihe.

Na mbido afọ 1990, Goodison malitere ịkụzi akụkụ nke afọ na mahadum dị iche iche nke North America, gụnyere na Mahadum Toronto na Mahadim Michigan, ebe ọ bụ Lemuel A. Johnson Prọfesọ nke Bekee na African na Afroamerican Studies. ma bụrụzi Prọfesọ Emerita. N'afọ 2019, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye edemede na-ebi na Ngalaba nke Akwụkwọ na Bekee, Mahadum nke West Indies, Mona campus.

### Ide ihe
Akwụkwọ mbụ Goodison bipụtara bụ mpịakọta 1980 nke uri Tamarind Season .  Tamarind Season sochiri na 1986 site na I Am Becoming My Mother, nke Goodison nwetara Commonwealth Writers' Prize for the Americas. [1] Nchịkọta uri ya ndị sochirinụ gụnyere Heartease (1988),  Poems (1989), Selected Poems (1992), To Us, All Flowers Are Roses (1995), Turn Thanks (1999), Guinea Woman (2000), Travelling Mercies (2001), Controlling the Silver (2005), *Goldengrove* (2006), *Oracabessa* (2013) na Supplying Salt and Light (2013). Oracabessa, nke akọwapụtara dị ka "akwụkwọ nke njem ndị dị ize ndụ, eserese na eserese ọzọ site na Spain, Portugal, Canada na ala nna ya nke Jamaica ka onye na-ede uri na-agagharị n'ebe, akụkọ ihe mere eme na echiche", meriri ụdị uri nke 2014 OCM Bocas Prize for Caribbean Literature, mgbe ndị ọkàikpe kwuru, sị: "N' *OracabessaOracabessa* iche nke Lorna Goodison - ọmarịcha ngwakọta nke Bekee na Jamaica Creole-egosi akụkụ nke akụkọ ndụ onwe onye dị ka usoro nke njem ime mmụọ".

E bipụtara nchịkọta uri ya kachasị ọhụrụ, Mother Muse, n'afọ 2021. Ben Wilkinson dere na *The Guardian*: "Ihe odide ya na-abụkarị ememe nke mmụọ na nnọgidesi ike nke ụmụ nwanyị; n'ụzọ dị iche iche, *Nne Muse* ... na-agbatị akụkụ a nke ọrụ ya. "  Nne Muse "na-agba gburugburu mmadụ abụọ dị mkpa 'nne' na egwu Jamaica: Nwanne nwanyị Mary Ignatius, onye nọn nke na-elekọta Kingston' Alpha Boys School, nke a na-eme ememe maka ịzụlite nkà egwu; na Anita 'Margarita' Mahfood, onye a ma ama na onye na-agba egwu na onye na onye na hụrụ n'anya nke a na onye na nwanyị a na-amaghị ama Don Drummond - onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-eme site na onye na nwa ama ama ama, onye na-agụ egwú na-eme.

Goodison ebipụtakwala nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi atọ, Baby Mother and the King of Swords (1990), Fool-Fool Rose Is Leaving Labour-in-Vain Savannah (2005), na By Love Possessed (2012). 

N'afọ 2008, akwụkwọ ya na-abụghị akụkọ ifo, From Harvey River: A Memoir of My Mother and Her Island - "akụkọ na-egbuke egbuke nke gafere ọtụtụ ọgbọ"  - meriri British Columbia's National Award for Canadian Non-Fiction, ihe nrite kachasị ukwuu nke Canada maka akụkọ na-abụghị nke akụkọ ifo.  E gosipụtara akwụkwọ ncheta ahụ na BBC Radio 4's Book of the Week na Mee 2009, nke Doña Croll gụrụ. Nnyocha Lisa Fugard na *The New York Times* kwubiri, sị: "A pụrụ ịchọta abụ otuto Goodison n'ọtụtụ mpịakọta nke uri ya ma ugbu a n'akwụkwọ ncheta ịhụnanya a. Ọ bụ ihe nketa nke a pụrụ ịchọta azụ na nwa ya, mgbe nne Goodison wụsara mkpịsị aka ya na shuga ma kpochaa ya n'okpuru ire nwa ya nwanyị, na-eme ka o nye onyinye nke okwu dị ụtọ. "  Goodison kwuru na n'ime afọ iri na abụọ ọ were ya dee site na Harvey River ọ na-ede akwụkwọ mbụ ọ hụrụ ọgwụ John Keats Roman na agụmakwụkwọ ya. 

Goodison's collection of essays, *Redemption Ground: Essays and Adventures*, was published in 2018 by Myriad Editions – "a gathering of people, voices, stories, and the fruits of great labor", as characterised by SX Salon, while the *Montreal Review of Books* stated that "Goodison's collection privileges moments of effervescence, where feelings are strong and some kind of revelation is just below the surface." The book featured in *The Observer* as one of "20 classic books by writers of colour", being chosen by Margaret Busby. *Redemption Ground* was published in Canada in 2023 by Véhicule Press.

Ọrụ Goodison apụtala n'ọtụtụ magazin, a sụgharịrị ya n'ọtụtụ asụsụ ma n'ime afọ 25 gara aga etinyela ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị dị ka Daughters of Africa (1992), *The Norton Anthology of Modern and Contemporary Poetry* (2003), *HarperCollins World Reader*, Vintage Book of Contemporary World Poetry, Norton Anthology nke World Masterpieces, na Longman Masters of British Literature (2006).

Onye na-ede uri na onye ọkà mmụta edemede Edward Baugh na-ekwu "otu n'ime ihe Goodison rụzuru bụ na uri ya na-etinye mmetụta na ọdịbendị Jamaica na ederede nke ụwa". Tinyere okwu nke ụlọ na ịgba ọsọ ndụ, ọrụ ya na-ekwu maka ike nke nka iji nyochaa ma dozie esemokwu na esemokwu na ahụmịhe akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Caribbean. Kei Miller na-ekwu, sị: "Nke mbụ bụ onye na-ede uri, Goodison atụghị egwu ịgafe mgbidi ahụ n'ụdị ndị ọzọ: o dere akụkọ dị mkpirikpi na akwụkwọ ncheta a ma ama. ...M na-eche na ọ ka abụghị onye a ma ama dịka o kwesịrị ịbụ n'ezie n'ihi na enweghị asụsụ zuru oke iji kwuo maka ihe ọ na-eme, ihe ize ndụ ọ na-ewere, na ihe mere ha ji nwee ihe ịga nke ọma. "

### Ọrụ okike ndị ọzọ
Ọ bụkwa onye na-ese ihe, Goodison egosila ihe osise ya na mba ụwa,  a na-egosipụtakwa ihe osise nke ya n'ihu akwụkwọ ya. 

Kemgbe afọ 2017, Goodison na onye na-ede uri na onye na'enye ọzụzụ martial arts Cherry Natural (onye a mụrụ Marcia Wedderburn) na-arụkọ ọrụ iji kwado usoro ọmụmụ ihe n'oge ọkọchị na-ejikọta uri na nchebe onwe onye maka ụmụ agbọghọ dị afọ itoolu ruo afọ iri na asaa, nke emere na Institute of Jamaica. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Otu n'ime ụmụnne itoolu - gụnyere onye nta akụkọ, onye edemede, onye na-ede egwuregwu Barbara Gloudon (1935-2022) - Goodison lụrụ onye edemede na prọfesọ akwụkwọ Bekee lara ezumike nká J. Edward (Ted) Chamberlin ma ha bi na Halfmoon Bay, British Columbia, Canada.  

## Nkwado
N'afọ 2013, e nyere Goodison nsọpụrụ mba Jamaica nke Order of Distinction na ọkwa nke Commander (CD), "maka ihe ndị pụtara ìhè ọ rụzuru na Literature and Poetry".  

N'afọ 2015, Mahadum Michigan sọpụrụ Goodison na Shirley Verrett Award; nke e nyere "onye otu ngalaba nke ọrụ ya na-agba ume ka ụmụ nwanyị na-acha uhie uhie nwee ọganihu na nka", e mepụtara onyinye ahụ n'afọ 2011 iji kwanyere onye bụbu prọfesọ Mahadum na onye a ma ama na-agụ egwu opera Shirley Verrett.

N'afọ 2017, a na-etinye Goodison dị ka onye na-ede uri nke abụọ nke Jamaica, mgbe Mervyn Morris gasịrị, na-aghọ nwanyị mbụ nwere aha ahụ.    O ji uri "In Celebration of Emancipation" mee emume Ụbọchị Nnwere Onwe mbụ ya, nke na-echeta njedebe nke ịgba ohu nke ndị Africa na Jamaica. Goodison kwuru, sị: "Echeghị m na ọ bụ ihe mberede na amụrụ m n'ụbọchị mbụ n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, echeghị m na ya bụ ihe mberedo na e nyere m onyinye nke uri, yabụ ana m ewere nke ahụ na m ga-ede banyere ndị ahụ na ọnọdụ ha, m ga-eburu ibu arọ banyere ihe ha tachiri obi na otu ha si merie ruo ụbọchị m nwụrụ. "

N'afọ 2018, Mahadum Yale kwupụtara Goodison dị ka otu n'ime mmadụ asatọ natara Windham-Campbell Literature Prize, na-asọpụrụ ndị edemede maka ihe ha rụzuru ma ọ bụ nkwa ha ma na-enye ha onye ọ bụla ihe nrite US $ 165,000 iji kwado ederede ha.   

N'afọ 2019, ọ bụ onye natara Queen's Gold Medal for Poetry,   nke e nyere ya na Buckingham Palace na Machị 2020    (otu oge o mechara dee maka ncheta ndụ Queen maka *The Guardian*).

N'afọ 2020, a họpụtara Goodison ka ọ bụrụ onye American Academy of Arts and Sciences . 

N'afọ 2022, ọ natara nzere doctorate (Doctor of Letters) site na Mahadum Durham . 

N'afọ 2023, a kwanyeere Goodison ugwu dị ka onye edemede Royal Society of Literature International, ihe nrite a na-enye kwa afọ nke na-akọwa onyinye nke ndị edemede gafee ụwa na akwụkwọ.

## Onyinye

* 1986: Ihe nrite ndị edemede Commonwealth maka Amerịka, maka m na-aghọ nne m*Ana m Abụọ Nne m*
* 1999: Musgrave Gold Medal site na Institute of Jamaica maka onyinye maka akwụkwọ
* 2004: Henry Russel Award site na Mahadum nke Michigan 
* 2008: British Columbia's National Award for Canadian Non-Fiction, maka From Harvey River: A Memoir of My Mother and Her Island 
* 2013: Jamaican Order of Distinction na ọkwa nke Commander (CD) 
* 2014: OCM Bocas Prize for Poetry, maka *Oracabessa* 
* 2015: Shirley Verrett Award site na Mahadum nke Michigan  
* 2017-2020: Onye na-ede uri nke Jamaica
* 2018: Ihe nrite Windham-Campbell Literature Prize 
* 2019: Doctorate Honorary site na Mahadum nke Toronto 
* 2019: Ihe nrite ọla edo nke Queen maka uri 
* 2020: American Academy of Arts and Sciences 
* 2022: Honorary doctorate site na Mahadum Durham
* 2023: Royal Society of Literature (RSL) Onye edemede mba ụwa 

## Akwụkwọ

### Nchịkọta abụ

### Nchịkọta akụkọ dị mkpirikpi

* *Baby Mother and the King of Swords* (Longman, 1990, )
* *Fool-Fool Rose Is Leaving Labour-in-Vain Savannah* (Ian Randle Publishers, 2005, )
* *By Love Possessed* (Amistad Press, 2012, )

### Ihe ncheta

* Site na Harvey River: A Memoir of My Mother and Her Island (McClelland & Stewart, 2007; Amistad, 2008; Atlantic Books, 2009,  )  

### Nchịkọta edemede

* Redemption Ground: Essays and Adventures (UK: Myriad Editions, 2018,  ; Canada: Véhicule Press,  ).  

## Ihe odide

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations