Ashab Uddin Ahmad

Ashab Uddin Ahmed (nke a ntụgharị dị ka Ashabuddin Ahmad, [1] Ashhab Uiddin Ahmed [2] ma ọ bụ Mohammed Ashabud din Ahmad; [3] onye Bengali: আসসহহহ উন আহমদ; April 241 bụ onye Bangladesh; April 241 bụ onye Bangladesh.  ụzọ ụkwụ.  Ọ bụ onye otu East Bengal Legislative Assembly maka United Front, na onye na-eme ihe ike Ndị Kọmunist.  N'afọ 2005, e nyere ya Ekushey Padak, otu n'ime ndị na-enye ndị na-akwado elu na Bangladesh, maka ndị na-enye akwụkwọ, nke akwụkwọ 24 e edi na Bengali na Bekee.

## Mmalite ndụ na mmalite
A jarida Ashab Uddin n'onye na-akpa n'afọ 1914, na Sadhanpur, obodo dị n'ihe bụzi Banshkhali Upazila nke Chittagong District nke Bangladesh, nke bụ nke mpaghara British Indian nke Bengal.  O sitere n'ịbụ ndị ndú ndị n'etiti.  Nna ya bụ onye njikwa Ubi tii aha ya bụ Munshi Safar Ali Chowdhury.  Safar Ali nwera ise site na nke na-eke mbụ ya na isii site na ihe nke abụọ ya na nne Ashab Uddin, Nasima Khatun.  N'etiti ụmụ nwoke Safar Ali, Ashab Uddin bụ nke abụọ ngosi nta.  Dị ka Ashhab Uddin si kwuo, ndị nna nna ya si n'Ógbè Gaur, otu n'ime ndị nna nna ya kwagara Sadhanpur mgbe ọ na-eje ozi na ebe Ukwu Mughal, iwe n'okpuru Shah Shuja.

## Mmụta
Agụm akwụkwọ Ashab Uddin akara na maktab, mgbe nke ahụ ihuenyo ọ gara "akwụkwọ dị ala", Sadhanpur English Middle School na Banigram High School sochiri ya, ebe ọ mmụta akwụkwọ na 1932.[1]  Mgbe ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na Banigram High School, Ashhab Uddin haziri ọbá akwụkwọ na Sadhanpur, nke ọkpara Sadhanpur Rural Welfare Library.  Nke a bụ ọbá akwụkwọ mbụ na Sadhanpur, na otu n'ime ole na ole dị n'iji ahụ.  Otu n'ime oge ya bụ imeghe ọbá akwụkwọ n'ime ime obodo nke ndị obodo, ebe ọ bụ na ọbá akwụkwọ ime obodo niile ọ mara dị na mpaghara Hindu.  Ya na ndị enyi ya ego maka ọbá akwụkwọ ahụ site n'ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ere nri na ịnọ.  N'iji ego a, ọ akwụkwọ akụkọ maka ọbá akwụkwọ ahụ ma debanye aha n'ọbá akwụkwọ ahụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ.  Ashab Uddin na ndị enyi ya mekwara egwuregwu ịgbamoneylender nke ha n'otu n'ime akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ndị a.

Ashab Uddin Ahmad malitere ịkụzi Bekee na Septemba 1939 na alma mater ya, Chittagong College, zụrụ uwe mbụ ya na tie tupu ịmalite ọrụ n'ebe ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na iyi ihe ndị a bụ iwu maka ndị prọfesọ na kọleji steeti n'okpuru British Raj. A manyere ya ịhapụ ọnọdụ a n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1941 n'ihi esemokwu ya na onye isi ya, Padmini Bhusan Rudra. 

N'nanọ Julaị n'afọ 1941, ụlọ akwụkwọ Chittagong Islamia Intermediate College (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Government Hazi Mohammad Mohshin College) were ya n'ahụ, ebe ọ ruo n'afọ 1945. Otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ya n'ebe ahụ bụ Abdul Karim, onye ga-emesị bụrụ osote onye isi nke Mahadum Chittagong.  [1].  O akwụkwọ na Ashab Uddin akwụkwọ ya na ụmụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ aka na, ego na akwụkwọ dịka ọ dị mkpa.

N'otu oge ahụ, Ashab Uddin, ya na prọfesọ ibe ya na Comilla Victoria College aha ya bụ Abul Khair, otu omenala aha ya bụ Pragati Majlis (Mgbakọ Ọganihu).  Isi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị na Comilla, n'iche a na-akwụ ụgwọ n'ofe okporo amá saịtị na ndị obodo obodo.  Pragati Majlis haziri umu ụka puta nke nwanyi Bengali na mba Bengali n'ozuzu ya, ma dọta ndị na-ege ntĩ nke ndị prọfesọ na ụmụ akwụkwọ si na Comilla Victoria College.  Ọrụ nke ụgbọ ahụ ka ndị Muslim League na steeti na-enyo enyo.  Ka o sina dị, onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ Comilla Victoria College, Akhtar Hameed Khan, onye ya na Ashhab Uddin nwere ike enyi na enyi, chebe ya ndabere na mkpagbu..

### Nzukọ ya na Ayub Khan
N'Ọnọ Ọktoba n'afọ 1952, Ashhab Uddin Ahmad sonyeere "Onye nkuzi nke Ezi Obiọma" na West Pakistan, nke East Bengal Non-Governmental College Teachers' Association haziri.  Otu n'ime ebe ha gara bụ Saidu Sharif, isi obodo nke steeti Swat.  Onye na-achị steeti ahụ, Abdul-Haqq Jahan Zeb nabatara ndị otu Goodwill Mission n'ụbọchị ha rutere na Swat.  Ayub Khan, Onye isi ndị agha (onye nwa ya ngosi nwa Jahan Zeb), yana ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ etiti ndị ọzọ bịara oriri ahụ iji sọpụrụ ndị nkuzi ahụ.  N'oge nri ahụ, Ayub Khan nọdụrụ ala n'ofe njikọ site na Ashhab Uddin Ahmad.  Mgbe nri nri, Ayub na-eke Ashhab Uddin na editọ ụka ma gwa ya na East Bengal Ezinụlọ ihe mgbaka ma ọ bụghị "mmiri", "ọnụ ndị mmadụ" na "nsogbu ụmụ akwụkwọ".  Ọ tụkwara aro na ọ bụrụ na ndị Bengal pia tag na Pakistan, ha nwere ike "ịga na Baboos", ya bụ, Ndị India.  N'ịhụ, Ashhab Uddin chetara Ayub na, na ọhụrụ aka mpaghara nke 1946, a na-ama ndị emetụtala egbochi mma na Bengal.  N'iburu n'uche na okike nke Pakistan bụ isi okwu aka, ọ bụ n'ezie ndị Bengali mere ka Pakistan nwee ike, n'echiche Ashab Uddin.

### Arụmụka ''Dhar''
Mgbasa ozi ibu aka n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe e akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Ashhab Uddin bụ Dhar (Loan).  akụkụ n'ime ndị na-agụ ya akụkụ ụfọdụ dị n'akwụkwọ ahụ dị ka ike megide Islam.  Ihe ndị na-akpata nkụda kpatara bụ isi ya na ọ baghị uru ige ntĩ n'ozizi ekpere Friday ma ọ bụrụ na mmadụ akara ike ihe ihe ọ rụpụtara.  Onye na-aawụ mpi, Amirul Haq Khan Bahadur, akwụkwọra akwụkwọ niile nke Dhar nke ọ nwere ike na ụlọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ nke Chittagong ma mee ka ndị na-ese ihe ya buru akwụkwọ na ha n'okporo ụzọ usoro, na-emebi ọparọs Ashab Uddin nwere ịbụ onye a ike.  Obere oge tupu mmalite aka ahụ, Onye ọka ụtụ a ma ama, nke Ashhab Uddin na-akpọghị aha ya, gara Banshkhali.  Mgbe ụfọdụ ndị obodo ahụ nkere onye ọkọka ahụ na-egosi ụfọdụ ụfọdụ dị n'akwụkwọ Ashab Uddin, onye ọkà mmụta za iche na ọ maghị ego Bengali ma ọ bụ Bekee nke ọma iji kpee onye edemede ahụ ikpe.  Ka o sina dị, o kwere nkwa na ọ ga-ekpe ekpere istikharah iji mmegharị ugboro nke onye dere ya.  Ashab Uddin elele na- mgbaàmà n'iche, na-eche na a na-etinye ya n'okpuru akara nke Onye Delphi.  Otú ọ dị, na nnukwu obi ụtọ ya, onye ọkà okpukpe ahụ, mgbe ekpere chi borọrọ n'ụbọchị na-esote na Ashab Uddin bụ nwoke kwesịrị obi na onye a na-achọ obi.  N'ikpeazụ, ihe mgbaàmà ya ka ọ bụrụ onye omeiwu nke East Bengal na ọtụtụ vootu na mpaghara ya. 

### PMkpebi nnwere onwe na mmegide megide Suhrawardy
Na 27 Machị 1955, Gọvanọ-Jenal Sir Ghulam Muhammad oriri aha East Bengal ka ọ bụrụ East Pakistan .  [1] [2] N'ihi ya, a bịara mara Ndị Ome Iwu nke East Bengal dị ka ndị mmadụ Ọwụwa si Pakistan.  Ka ọ dịgodị, United Front dara n'ihi mmetụta ike ike n'akpa ikpo okwu a ngosi ya, nke a mara dị ka ebe isi 21.[3]  Na 4 September 1956, Awami Njikọ mpaghara mpaghara nke Ataur Rahman Khan duziri, na njikọ aka ya na obere akụkụ ise.[4]  dị ka e ịhụ, na 12 Sept, Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy nke Awami League , praịm minista nke Pakistan, n'isi nke iko nna aka.  Ya mere, maka oge mbụ, Awami League ọkwa praịm minista nke Pakistan na onye isi minista nke East Pakistan n'otu oge.  Ka o sina dị, usoro ihe omume 21 ahụ ihe bụ́ nke a na-etinyeghị n'ahụ.[5]  Abdul Hamid Bhashani, onye isi oche nke Awami League, kpọ ekiri Kagmari ụbọchị ise nke Yar Mohammad Khan, onye na-ahụ maka akụ na nọrọ nke Awami bụkwa onye ahụ ma na-azụ The Daily Ittefaq na Mirza Mehdy Ispahani na Febụwarị 1957 iji kwalite akwụkwọ onwe maka East Pakistan na iwu mba ọzọ na-anọpụ iche maka Pakistan.  Bhashani nkeji obi gbakwunyere na njikọ dị n'etiti Pakistan na US ma ngosi ka Pakistan mere na-egosi agha niile ya na US nwere.[6]  Na nrị ahụ, n'oge nkọwa nke Central nke Awami League, Suhrawardy gwara Ashab Uddin n'asụsụ Bekee, "ọ ọkwa ka m na-abụ praịm minista nke Pakistan".  Ọ gbakwụnyere na Bhashani achọghị ka ọ ndọ n'ọkwa ahụ.[7]  Na nzaghachi, Ashab Uddin gwara ya n'asụsụ Bengali, "ndị mmadụ tụụrụ m vootu ọ bụghị ka m wee nye Pakistan n'aka ndị America.  Bhashani, n'otu oge ahụ, kwuru okwu nke kwuru na ọ bụrụ na East Pakistan enwetaghị onwe, a ga-amanye ya ịsị West Pakistan.

N'okwu ya n'asụsụ Bengali na-akwado nkwado ahụ, Ashhab Uddin Ahmad kwuru na "ọ bụ ugboro maka akwụkwọ onwe ka e adi Pakistan", dịka asị ịhụ na Lahore Resolution, na n'ihi ya, imegide akwụkwọ onwe maka East Pakistan imegide Pakistan.  O juru na akara isi iri na otu, nke, dị ka o chetara ahụ, Suhrawardy kwenyesiri ike na ya, akara ike ike n'ahụ na-eme ihe isi nke iri na-egosi, nke mbụ maka maka onwe mpaghara.[1]  N'inye ezu ezu ezu nke mpi Pakistan na East Pakistan na West Pakistan n'etiti 1947 na 1956, Ashhab Uddin na-egosipụta na etiti emefuola Rs.  3,280,000,000 na East Pakistan nakwa Rs.  20,760,000,000 na West Pakistan.  Ashab Uddin kwuru na, ebe ọ bụ na Pakistan, dị ka ugo, nwere nku abụọ, nku abụọ ahụ ga-siri ike.  N'ikpeazụ, o kwuru na "nwere onwe mpaghara zuru oke" dị mkpa "maka akwụkwọ onwe anyị".[2]  Na-ahụ ahụ, ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị otu East Pakistan Assembly vootu otu n'ime mada anɔ nke oku, na-akpọ maka "nwere onwe zuru oke maka East Pakistan", naanị ego, ihe gbasara mba ọzọ na nchekwa ga- n'okpuru ọchịchị etiti.[3]  Ashab Uddin Ahmad mechara kwuo na onye ọchịchị ya na-akwado a ka ọ bụrụ ihe mkpa ọ na-eme dị ka MLA..

Mgbe Agha Nnwere Onwe Bangladesh ngosi na 1971, Ashab Uddin Ahmad na Sudhanshu Bimal Datta ihe ịghara mba ahụ, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị isi akwado ndị uwe ojii na-eme, kama otu ndị agha iji sonye n'agha ahụ.  Ha kraara ọtụtụ ndị bụbu ndị agha, ndị agha mmiri na ndị agha àmà, ma họpụta Saleh Ahmad (onye bụbu ndị ọrụ nọmba) dịka otu ọchịagha nke ahụ.  Ndị otu ahụ na-arụ ọrụ na Satkania ma na-- መኪናso abụọ dị njọ: ịlụ ogụ megide ndị ohi na-arụkọ ọrụ n' achọta ahụ, na ịzọpụta ndị na-azụ ndị mmadụ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ndị agha Pakistan igbu ha.  Ozugbo ha nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'ihu ahụ, Ashhab Uddin na Datta ịgbasa ọrụ nke ndị agha site n'ịgba ịga ịgagharị site na Satkania n'ebe ndịda gaa Cox's Bazar site na Banshkhali.  Ashab Uddin nwere ikike na ọtụtụ puku ndị ọrụ ugbo ga-esi na otu ahụ, nke ga-enwe ike weghara ma jide ala, na-etinye ndị otu na-erigbu mmadụ n'okpuru ule ndị a ma ama ma na-- ike ማለ sara mbara.  Otú ọ dị, nke a nọrọ adị.  Na 22 September 1971, mgbe ha rutere Banshkhali, ndị na-akwado Sheikh Mujibur Rahman gburugburu ma e wezụga abụọ n'ime ndị otu ahụ (ndị na-achọghị ka ndị agha aka ekpe na-arụ ọrụ n' ha), ebe ndị ọzọ abụọ gbapụrụ ma n'oge na- enweghị anya ndị agha Pakistani na Al-Badr gburugburu ha.  Mgbe Ashhab Uddin na Datta rutere Banshkhali n'echi ya iji zute ndị otu ha, ha gbapụrụ anya.  Ashab Uddin mgbatị oge ụfọdụ na-ezo n'ụgbọ mmiri n'etiti osimiri mana, na-atụ egwu na ndị agha Pakistani ma ọ bụ ndị na-akwado Mujib ga-ejide ya, ọ gara Chittagong, ebe ọ na oge agha na-ezo, na-eto afụ ọnụ dị ka ihe ihe..

 N'afọ 1980, ndị Chinese Communist Party (CCP) hụrụ Ashab Uddin, Toaha na onye ndú Kọmunist ọzọ nke Bangladesh aha ya bụ Dr. Khayr ka ha gaa leta mba ahụ.[1]  Tupu ha ahapụ China, ndị isi anya Bangladesh bụ ndị Yang Shangkun, Guangzhou#Mayors_2" id="mwAX8" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="mw:WikiLink" title="Mayor of Guangzhou">onye isi obodo Guangzhou ">onye isi obodo Guangzhou,, maka nri nri ehihie. Yang kwuru n'oge ihe ahụ na "Ụzọbewo onye kwuo uche ya na mba ahụ.  Ugbu a, ọ dịghịzi mkpa maka ịlụ ogụ nke ndị otu.  O zuru ezu iji mụbaa iwu.  "Ashab Uddin kwuru na Lenin na Mao kwuru na ogụ nke ndị ọzọ ga-aga n'ihu ruo mgbe e arọ onye kwuo okwu zuru oke. Ọ doro Yang aka na ntĩ na, site na mbubata ego sitere na mba ndị isi obodo, China ike imecha mbubata akara CIA. Mgbe nri ehihie a, Ashhab Uddin akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ozi yiri nke ahụ na Central Committee nke CCP.

Mgbe ọ na-ቀዳሚ aka nke afọ 1991, Ashab Uddin Ahmad echiche na echiche kwuo onye uche ya ka mma maka Bangladesh, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ ndị bi n'oge ahụ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, nke onye ha maka mmegbu na onye ọ lụlị.  N'echiche ya, "Ndị Minista na omeiwu mgbaàmà dị anya nsogbu na eze n'ụzọ ọ llaa. Ha bụ nanị ndị nke ego na ike. " [1] N'Ezis ya, onye kwuo uche ya nke India enwe ike idozi nsogbu nke "ịda ogbenye, ala, enweghị ebe obibi, ọrụ, ihe ndị ahụ, mmetụ na communalism. " O mkpa na, na, ma ihe na-ama ilekọta Bangladesh ike, ndị ọrụ na, na, ma ihe na-ama ile anya Bangladesh  nke ndị na-edu. 

## Akwụkwọ edemede
Akwụkwọ Ashab Uddin Ahmad gụnyere akwụkwọ ndị a e bipụtara:

* *Poth Cholite* (While Walking on the Path) (1942, na Bengali) 
* Badoler Dhara Jhore Jhor (The Rain Keeps Falling) (1949, na Bengali) 
* Made Very Easy (1949, na Bengali) 
* *Dhar* (Loan) (1950, na Bengali) 
* Jan o Man (Life and Honour) (1950, na Bengali) 
* *Sher Ek Ana Matro* (A Ser for Just an Anna) (1968, na Bengali) 
* Bande Votaram (1969, n'asụsụ Bekee) 
* *Aoyami Liger Mir Jafori Oitijjo* (The Awami League's Mir Jafar-Like Heritage) (1970, na Bengali) 
* Hater Panch Angul (Mkpịsị aka ise nke aka) (1970, na Bengali) 
* *Dari Shomachar* (Beard News) (1971, na Bengali) 
* Lekhok o Pachok (Onye edemede na Onye Nri) (1971, na Bengali) 
* *Bansh Shomachar* (Bamboo News) (1974, na Bengali) 
* *Bhater Bangla Kaporer Bangla* (The Bengali for Rice, the Bengali for Clothes) (1974, na Bengali) 
* *Biplob Bonam Oti Biplob* (Revolution vs. Super-Revolution) (1974, na Bengali) 
* Lathi Lathi o Gonotontro (Sticks, Kicks and Democracy) (1974, na Bengali) 
* *Dipod Bonam Chotushpod* (Akwụkwọ abụọ vs. Akwụkwọ anọ) (1975, na Bengali) 
* *Indira Gandhi Bichar Chai* (M na-achọ ka e kpee Indira Gandhi ikpe) (1975, na Bengali) 
* *Uddhar* (Nnapụta) (1978, na Bengali) 
* *Amar Shahitto Jibon* (My Literary Life) (1980, na Bengali) 
* Ihe ịrịba ama ihe ize ndụ (1980, na Bengali) 
* *Ghush* (Atụụrụ Akụrụngwa) (1986, na Bengali) 
* Ujan Srote Jiboner Bhela (Upstream on Life's Raft) (1990, na Bengali) 
* *Dam Shashon Desh Shashon* (Ọchịchị Ọnụahịa, Ọchịchị Mba) (1991, na Bengali) 
* *Bhumihin Krishok Korihin Lekhok* (Onye ọrụ ugbo na-enweghị ala, Onye edemede na-enweghị ego) (1992, na Bengali) 
* *Ashabuddin Ahmoder Shera Rommo Rochona* (Ashab Uddin Ahmad's Best Satire) (1994, na Bengali) 

## Ihe odide