Benjamin Leroy Wigfall

**Benjamin Leroy Wigfall** (1930 – 2017) bụ onye America na-ese ihe osise, onye na-ebi akwụkwọ, onye nkuzi, onye nwe gallery, na onye na-anakọta nka Africa. Ọ bụ onye guzobere oghere nka obodo akpọrọ Communications Village dị ka ebe ndị bi na mpaghara ojii dị na Kingston, New York . Mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe nke kasị nta nwere ihe osise nke Virginia Museum of Fine Arts zụtara.

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Benjamin Leroy Wigfall mụrụ na November 17, 1930, nye James Andrews Wigfall na Willie Cozenia Johnson Wigfall. Ọ tolitere na mpaghara Black na-arụ ọrụ nke Church Hill na Richmond, VA . Nne ya rụrụ ọrụ n’ebe a na-emepụta sịga, na-ehicha ụlọ, bụrụkwa onye na-achọ mma. Nna ya bụ onye mgbanyụ ọkụ maka Chesapeake na Ohio Railway . Benjamin bụ ọdụdụ nwa n'ime ụmụaka atọ.  

Wigfall malitere ịse ihe mgbe ọ bụ nwata akwụkwọ na George Mason Elementary School, buru ụzọ kee eserese eserese ma mechaa bụrụ onye na-ekiri agbata obi ya, gụnyere ụlọ dị na 30th Street nke o sere na pen na ink . Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, nna ya hụrụ ihe osise gba ọtọ o mere. Wigfall nwere nchegbu na nna ya ga-ewe iwe, ma ọ nwere obi ụtọ ịhụ talent na nwa ya nwoke.  

N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Armstrong ọtụtụ afọ, Wigfall mere ka onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ kwenye ka ọ were onye nkuzi nka ọrụ, onye na-abịaghị ruo oge opupu ihe ubi nke afọ agadi ya. Onye nkuzi Stafford W. Evans kpọọrọ ya gaa na Virginia Museum, wee denye aha ya maka klaasị. Mmasị Wigfall bụ ihe onyonyo ruo mgbe ọ hụrụ eserese nkịtị nke Lyonel Feininger "Moonwake." Ka ọ nọ na bọs otu ụbọchị, ọ hụrụ na windo ụfọdụ enyo dị n'otu ụlọ. Ọ ghọtara ihe osise Feininger wee chọpụta abstraction. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ, ọ kwụsịrị ịrụ ọrụ ihe atụ kpamkpam.  

Osote onye nlekọta ihe osise steeti bụ onye ọ zutere na ebe ngosi nka gbara ya ume itinye akwụkwọ maka mkpakọrịta ihe ngosi nka. O tinyere akwụkwọ anamachọihe ya na eserese ụlọ ahụ dị na Church Hill, nke akpọrọ “Ụlọ ahụ dị na 30th Street.” Na 1949, ọ nwetara nke mbụ n'ime mkpakọrịta atọ. Mgbe ọ bịarutere iburu mkpakọrịta ahụ, ndị ọrụ ihe ngosi nka chere na ọ bụ akụkụ nke ndị ọrụ ọrụ wee ziga ya n'ọnụ ụzọ ọzọ.      

Wigfall nwetara mkpakọrịta na 1949–50, 1951–52 na 1952–53, nke atọ meriri site na ụlọ ngosi nka site n'aka onye nyere onyinye amaghị aha. Ọ debanyere aha na Hampton Institute (nke bụ mahadum ugbu a) ma bụrụ onyeisi oche nke Art Club afọ abụọ. Otu ngalaba nke ndị nka na-ese ihe gbara ya gburugburu. Ndị nkuzi ya gụnyere onye na-ese ihe nkiri Albert Kresch na Leo Katz, onye isi oche nke ngalaba nka bụ onye a ma ama na onye isi oche nke Virginia Art Alliance; seramiiki Joseph W. Gilliard na onye na-ese ihe Louis Rosenfeld.        

Ọ gụrụ agụmakwụkwọ nka wee gụchaa na 1953.    Ọ zutere nwunye ya Mary Carter, nwa akwụkwọ nkà na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, mgbe ya na enyi ya L. Douglas Wilder (onye mesịrị ghọọ gọvanọ Virginia) kwụsịrị otu oriri. Ya na Carter lụrụ na 1955 wee mụọ ụmụ abụọ.   

Wigfall nwetara mkpakọrịta Rockefeller Foundation iji gaa Mahadum Iowa ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ. Na 1954, e nyere ya mkpakọrịta na Mahadum Yale - wee chọta onye ndụmọdụ na onye na-ese ihe / onye nkuzi Gabor Peterchi - na Yale-Norfolk Summer School na Norfolk, CT . Ya na mkpakọrịta ọzọ dị n'aka na 1958, ọ laghachiri na Yale wee nweta nzere Master of Fine Arts na 1959.         

## Ọrụ nka
Wigfall bụ onye na-ese ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe nke forte na-ebi akwụkwọ . Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe na mpaghara nke ọmarịcha ụbọchị ya bụ na 1950s, mgbe ọ meriri ihe nrite, mkpakọrịta, mkpuchi akụkọ na nkwanye ugwu. 

N'ịbụ onye a na-ewere dị ka "onye na-eto eto nwere nkà," o nwere ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme na Virginia Museum. Mgbe ọ bụ sophomore na Hampton na 1951, ụlọ ihe ngosi nka zụtara ihe osise mmanụ ya bụ "Chimneys" n'oge ihe ngosi ya nke afọ abụọ "Virginia Artists 1951." Mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, Wigfall bụ ọdụdụ n'ime ndị nka ise a họpụtara ọrụ ha. Ihe osise a, nke e zụtara na $90, bụ akụkụ nke ihe ngosi njem njem mba nke ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie.        

Ihe osise a sitere na anwụrụ anwụrụ ọkụ n'elu ụlọ mmepụta ihe nke Wigfall hụrụ na mgbede ka ọ na-agafekarị Marshall Street viaduct gafee Shockoe Valley . Ọtụtụ mgbe, ngwugwu ndị ahụ na-afụ anwụrụ ọkụ mana n'oge ahụ, ha na-adị jụụ ma nọrọ jụụ, ọ gwara onye na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ na 2003. Ọ kọwara otu oge, sị: “Ihe na-adịchaghị adị ma n'otu oge ahụ dị nnọọ adị, na-ekwukwa na e nwere “ihe a ma ama n'ihe a na-ahụkarị.”     {

Ịbụ onye na-eto eto nwere nkà emeghị ka Wigfall ghara ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'oge ahụ. Na 1957 ka ọ na-ezi ihe na Hampton, ya na nwa akwụkwọ Paul Dusenburg gara ịzụ ahịa n'ụlọ ahịa ngalaba abụọ na Richmond, dịka otu akụkọ dị na akwụkwọ akụkọ kọleji Hampton Spirit. Mgbe ha hapụrụ ụlọ ahịa nke abụọ, Miller &amp;amp; Rhoads, Wigfall bụ ndị uwe ojii na-akwado Wigfall, jide n'aka na olu akwa, na ebubo na ọ na-agbalị izu ohi akpa na obere akpa ụbọchị gara aga. Ọ gọrọ agọ ebubo ahụ. E jidere ya n'ebubo na-enweghị isi ma kpọga ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ. N'ịkwado ịga ikpe, Wigfall debanyere onye ọka iwu ikike obodo Oliver W. Hill . N'oge ikpe, ebubo ahụ bụ ịpụnara ụlọ ahịa ọ bụghị ịgba chaa chaa, a kwụsịrị ya. Mgbe ihe a mere, "Chimneys" bụ ihe ngosi na windo ụlọ ahịa Miller & Rhoads.   

Otu afọ ka e mesịrị, Virginia Museum zụtara ihe osise tempera ya "Corrosion and Blue" n'oge "American Painting 1958," ihe ngosi anọ ya nke talent kachasị mma na nkà America nke oge a. Wigfall gwakọtara apịtị na agba iji nye ya enweghị agba, ọ gwara onye na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ na 2003. Wigfall "na-enweta mmetụta dị ịtụnanya n'ụdị dị iche ... nke streaks nke oroma na-acha anụnụ anụnụ dị ka icheku ọkụ dị n'ime ebe mkpuchi nke ntụ aja aja," onye nyocha kwuru.       

N'afọ 1951, Langley Air Force Base dị na Hampton họọrọ eserese Wigfall "Kites" ka ọ kwụgidere n'ime ụlọ n'ọbá akwụkwọ ya. Ọ bụ eserese mbụ Langley họpụtara na mmemme iji nye ohere maka ọrụ ndị nka na ndị ode akwụkwọ mpaghara. Ọrụ ahụ sitere na mbinye ego sitere na Hampton. 

## Ọnwụ
Wigfall nwụrụ na Feb.   

## Ihe ngosi ahọpụtara

* Virginia Highlands Festival of Arts, Crafts and Antiques, Abingdon (Virginia Museum traveling show), 1951 
* Hollins (VA) College (ọrụ na mbinye ego sitere na Virginia Museum), 1952 
* Bridgewater (VA) College (ọrụ na mbinye ego sitere na Virginia Museum), 1952 
* Mahadum steeti nke Iowa, 1954 
* Clark Gallery, Richmond, VA, 1955, 1956  
* Ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị Sweetbriar, Sweetbriar, VA (ihe ngosi otu nwoke), 1957 
* Ihe ngosi Ọrụ Ndozigharị Mba, Washington, 1950s  
* Ngalaba eserese nke Mahadum Yale (ihe ngosi otu nwoke), (ihe dị ka 1954) 
* Addison Gallery, Andover, MA 
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ, Williamsburg, VA, 1963 
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Hampton Institute (University), 1993 (ihe ngosi otu nwoke) 
* Obodo ndị Juu nke Newport News (Ihe ngosi njem ihe ngosi nke Virginia), 1966  
* Elizabeth City (NC) State College, 1968 
* Ụlọ Lever, New York City, 1969 
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Saratoga, NY, 1970 
* Mahadum Pennsylvania, 1978 
* Ụlọ ọrụ Schomburg maka nyocha na omenala ojii, 1985  
* Ebe Kingston nke SUNY Ulster, 2018 
* Kingston (NY) Ụlọ Nzukọ Obodo, 2020  
* Duke Hall Gallery of Fine Art, Mahadum James Madison, 2021  

## Nchịkọta ahọpụtara

* Virginia Museum of Fine Arts 
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Mahadum Hampton 
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Mahadum Yale 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga
agafekarị Marshall Street viaduct gafee Shockoe Valley . Ọtụtụ mgbe, ngwugwu ndị ahụ na-afụ anwụrụ ọkụ mana n'oge ahụ, ha na-adị jụụ ma nọrọ jụụ, ọ gwara onye na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ na 2003. Ọ kọwara otu oge, sị: “Ihe na-adịchaghị adị ma n'otu oge ahụ dị nnọọ adị, na-ekwukwa na e nwere “ihe a ma ama n'ihe a na-ahụkarị.”agafekarị Marshall Street viaduct gafee Shockoe Valley . Ọtụtụ mgbe, ngwugwu ndị ahụ na-afụ anwụrụ ọkụ mana n'oge ahụ, ha na-adị jụụ ma nọrọ jụụ, ọ gwara onye na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ na 2003. Ọ kọwara otu oge, sị: “Ihe na-adịchaghị adị ma n'otu oge ahụ dị nnọọ adị, na-ekwukwa na e nwere “ihe a ma ama n'ihe a na-ahụkarị.”

* Benjamin Wigfall na vidiyo Obodo Nkwukọrịta sitere na VMFA
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations