open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Sylvia M. Broadbent

Sylvia Marguerite Broadbent (London, United Kingdom, 26 Febrụwarị 1932 - Arlington, California, United States, 30 Julaị 2015) bụ onye nleba anya banyere mmadu na nke mahadum na Amerika, bụ́ nke pụrụ iche na ndị Amerindian.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Broadbent na London. Ọ kwagara na ezinụlọ ya mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gachara gaa Carmel, California, na 1947. Broadbent gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Carmel High School na 1948 mgbe ọ dị afọ 16. Broadbent debanyere aha na University of California, Berkeley, ebe e nyere ya akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ Horatio Stebbins dị ka nwa akwụkwọ na nwetara nzere Associate of Arts na anthropology (nke kacha mma) na 1951. Ọ gara n'ihu merie onyinye Genevieve McEnerny na nata nzere bachelor's na anthropology (nke kacha mma) na 1952. Site na 1955 ruo 1960, o mere nchọpụta n’etiti ndị mmadụ ndị mepụtara na Southern California ma dekọọ Chukchansi, Ohlone, na Miwok. Akwụkwọ ọmụmụ ya na 1960 bụ A Grammar of Southern Sierra Miwok, nke e dere n'okpuru ndụmọdụ Mary Haas.

## Ọrụ
Broadbent malitere ịkụzi na Mahadum Northwestern maka Ọgbọ Ihu Ula 1961 wee soro Barnard College n'ọdụ mgbụsị akwụkwọ ahụ. O sonyere n'ụlọ ọrụ ndị nkụzi nke Universidad de Los Andes na Ọgbọ Ihu Ula nke 1964 iji lekwasị anya na Muisca, ndị biri na Altiplano Cundiboyacense, nkụda elu nke Colombian Andes. O malitere ịkụzi na Mahadum California, Riverside (UCR) na 1966 wee nweta ọkwa ọkachamara n'ọkwá niile na 1972. N'ikpeazụ, ọ lara ezumike nka dịka onye isi ngalaba sayensị mmadụ. A na-edobe akwụkwọ ya na ngalaba nchịkọta pụrụ iche na UCR. Broadbent, onye otu Sierra Club, sonyere na ikpe na-agba Mahadum nke Jikwaa Ala ka ọ gbochie iji ụgbọ ala na ọzara California. Na 1981, o dere "The Formation of Peasant Society in Central Colombia," nke o jiri merie ihe nrite Robert F. Heizer nke 1983 nke American Society for Ethnohistory. UCR na-enye nkwado ego maka ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ sayensị mmadụ na aha ya.

## Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ

*  
* 
* (ya na Lucy Shepard Freeland)  University of California Publications in Linguistics. Mpịakọta nke 23 nke mbipụta Mahadum California na asụsụ. Mahadum nke California Press. 1960. ISSN 0068-6484.&nbsp;
* 
* 
* 
* 

## Ihe odide
Susan Gal

Susan Gal (amụrụ na 1949) bụ Mae & Sidney G. Metzl onye prọfesọ pụrụ iche na Ọmụmụ Mmadụ, na Nkuzi Asụsụ, na Sayensị Ọha na Mahadum Chicago. Ọ bụ onye dere ma ọ bụ onye dere ọnụ ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na ọtụtụ isiokwu banyere ọmụmụ asụsụ mmadụ, okike na ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị, na akụkọ ihe mere eme ọha na mpaghara Eastern Europe.

## Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ
Gal nwetara B.A. ya na nkà mmụta akparamàgwà mmadụ na anthropology na Barnard College na 1970 wee nata Ph.D. ya na Mahadum California, Berkeley na 1976.  Ọ kụziri na Mahadum Rutgers site na 1977 ruo 1994, wee kwaga Mahadum Chicago, na-eje ozi dị ka Onye isi oche nke Ngalaba Anthropology n'etiti 1999 na 2002. Ọ natara Quantrell Award maka Ịdị Mma na nkuzi Undergraduate.

## Nsọpụrụ na onyinye
Gal nwetara Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship na 2002 maka ọmụmụ ihe banyere nkwenkwe asụsụ na ikike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'oge na mgbe socialism gasịrị, [1] ọ nakwa nwetara SSRC-ACLS International Fellowship, yana Fulbright na NIMH Fellowships. [2]

N'afọ 2007, a họpụtara Gal ka ọ bụrụ onye American Academy of Arts and Sciences . 

Gal bụ onye otu nchịkọta akụkọ nke American Anthropologist . 

## Nnyocha
E bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya, Mgbanwe Asụsụ: Ihe Ndị Na-ekpebi Mgbanwe Asụsụ na Asụsụ Bilingual Austria, na 1979 ma lelee ọnọdụ asụsụ nke ndị Hungary pere mpe n'obodo Burgenland, Austria. Dịka Richard Coates si kwuo na nyocha ya nke akwụkwọ ahụ, akwụkwọ ahụ na-arụ ụka na "mgbanwe asụsụ bụ mgbanwe ihe atụ nke jikọtara ya na mgbanwe ọnọdụ nke usoro uru nke asụsụ ọ bụla na-anọchi anya ya, ọ bụghị ọrụ dị mfe nke mmepụta ihe, mmepe obodo ma ọ bụ mgbanwe mmekọrịta ọha na eze ọzọ."[1] Gal so Gail Kligman dee akwụkwọ bụ The Politics of Gender After Socialism (2000), onye meriri ihe nrite Heldt nke 2001 (nke American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies nyere),[2] ma degharịa akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ Reproducing Gender: Politics, Publics, and Everyday Life after Socialism na Kligman. Akwụkwọ ndị a na-enyocha mmekọrịta dị mgbagwoju anya dị n'etiti echiche na omume nke okike na mgbanwe akụ na ụba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na-ewere mgbanwe post-Soviet gafee ọtụtụ mba East Central Europe dị ka ọmụmụ ihe.

## Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ

* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 
* 

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Kouráge Beatz NSI

‘’‘Clement Tochi Bright’’’, a maara ya n’aha ọrụ ‘’‘Kourage Beatz NSI’’’, bụ onye mmepụta egwu na onye dere abụ si Naịjirịa. Ọ nwetara ama karịsịa mgbe o wepụtara ọrụ ya ‘‘King of New Age’’ na 2024. N’otu afọ ahụ, Genius tinyere ya na ndepụta banyere ndị mmepụta egwu Naịjirịa. Ọ rụkọrọ ọrụ na ndị egwu dị ka GoodGirl LA, Cynthia Morgan, Veekee James, Liya na St. Seii.

## Ọrụ
Kourage malitere imepụta egwu na Aba, Naịjirịa. Ọrụ mbụ ya gbasara n’ịntanetị, ebe o mepụtara ụda nke Afrobeats, hip hop na pop metụtara. Ọrụ ya ‘‘King of New Age’’ nke 2024 gụnyere ndị egwu dị ka Cynthia Morgan, GoodGirl LA na Ellen Haad, a kesara ya site na Ditto Music.

Na 2022, o guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ onwe ya a kpọrọ ‘’‘NSI Nation’’’. Ndị mbụ e debara aha gụnyere Bob Essen na Ellen Haad. Mgbe e mesịrị, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ sonyere na nkwekọrịta nkesa na Labelcaster, Ditto Music na ONErpm.

Na 2023, ụdị ya gbagoro ọsọ nke Asiwaju nke Ruger pụtara na chaatị iTunes na nke ikesa egwu n’ógbè dị iche iche, gụnyere chaatị iTunes Zimbabwe.

## Ndepụta egwu

### Albums na EPs
	•	‘‘King of New Age’’ (2024)
	•	‘‘The Footprint’’ (2025)

### Ụfọdụ mmepụta
	•	Cynthia Morgan – “Filasurfa”
	•	GoodGirl LA – “IDT”
	•	Liya – “Dancing in the Stars”
	•	Lola Rae ft. Emmyblaq – “Shine”
	•	Veekee James – “By Your Grace”
	•	miwa ft. Muyeez – “Strangers with Memories”
	•	St. Seii, Ellen Haad na Tyla Jane – “Blue Hydrangeas”

#### Dị ka onye isi egwu

## Nnata
Na 2024, ‘’Encomium Magazine’’ gosipụtara NSI Nation na akụkọ banyere mmepe n’ime ogige egwu Naịjirịa.

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga
	•	NSI Nation na Crunchbase

:Category:Ndị dị ndụ
:Category:Ndị mmepụta ndekọ egwu Naịjirịa
:Category:Ndị dere abụ Naịjirịa
:Category:Ndị si steeti Abia
Esi Buobasa

**Esi Buobasa** (Fuveme, Ghana) bụ onye mba Ghana na-azụ́ azụ̀, onye na-akwaga gburugburu ebe obibi, na onye na-ahụkwazị maka ihu igwe.

N'oge afọ 2023, a họpụtara Buobasa dịka otu n'ime ụmụ nwaanyị kachasị nwee mmetụta n'ụwa dịka 100 Women (BBC) si wee kwuo maka mbọ ọ na-agba iji wulite ume megide mgbanwe ihu igwe.

## Ọrụ
A mụrụ Buobasa ma zụlite ya na Fuveme, ọ bụ obodo nta dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri dị nso na Keta .  N'agbata oge afọ 2000 nakwa oge afọ 2010, ókèala ahụ, nke dị n'etiti Keta Lagoon na Gulf of Guinea, mebiri ka ọ bụrụ obere ájá n'ihi ịrị elu nke oke osimiri. Osimiri Volta na-ejikwa mmiri na-asọba n'ime obodo ahụ oge ụfọdụ.

Mfu nke ụlọ na ịba ụba na idei mmiri mere ka Buobasa, onye ọkụ azụ, na di ya na ụmụ ise,  kwaga n'ime ime obodo ma melite ndụ ha. Otú ọ dị, nke a napụzikwara ezinụlọ Buobasa isi ihe ha na-enwetakwazị ego: ịkụ azụ.

Iji belata mmetụta mmekọrịta ọha na eze na akụ na ụba nke mbata gburugburu ebe obibi, Buobasa guzobere otu iji kwado ndị ọkụ azụ ụmụnwaanyị n'ọnọdụ ya. Njikọ ahụ chọrọ ịzụ ha maka ọrụ ndị ọzọ ma nye mmeghachi omume akụ na ụba.O nyekwara ego mgbochi iji kwado mmebi ma ọ bụ mfu ego n'ihi oké ifufe ma ọ bụ ọdachi ihu igwe. Nchịkwa Buobasa mere ka etinye ya na ndepụta BBC nke oge afọ 2023 n’ime 100 Women (BBC).  

## Edensibia

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Taisha Abelar

**Taisha Abelar** (onye amụrụ **Maryann Simko**) bụ onye edemede America na onye na-amụ banyere ụmụ mmadụ bụ onye mmekọ Carlos Castaneda. Ọ lara n'iyi obere oge Castaneda nwụsịrị n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1998.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Abelar zutere Castaneda mgbe ọ dị afọ 19 ma na-amụta na Mahadum California, Los Angeles ebe ọ nwetara nzere master ya na PhD na anthropology. Na 1973, Castaneda zụtara ụlọ n'okporo ụzọ Pandora na Westwood, Los Angeles, ma ọ bụghị ogologo oge ka Abelar (nke a ka a na-akpọ ya Maryann Simko n'oge ahụ), yana Regine Thal na Kathleen Pohlman, ndị ga-abụrịrị "ndị amoosu", kwaga. Na 1974, magazin Samurai bipụtara foto Regine Thal na-eme ọzụzụ karate. Na akụkọ ahụ, a kpọrọ Abelar "Anna Marie Carter".

N'ịgbaso ọgbakọ Castaneda nke "inwepụ akụkọ ihe mere eme onwe onye", ndị amụma ahụ debere nzuzo siri ike. Ha ji ọtụtụ aha ọzọ ma n'ozuzu adịghị ekwe ka e were ha foto. Mgbe obere oge gasịrị ka ha kwagara n'ọnọdụ Castaneda, Maryann Simko gbanwere aha ya gaa Taisha Abelar. N'otu aka ahụ, Regine Thal gbanwere aha ya gaa Florinda Donner na Kathleen Pohlman gaa Carol.

Abelar kwukwara na ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-amụta ihe anọ nke Don Juan ma sị na ọ nọrọ otu afọ n'ụlọ "ọrụ ebube" ya na Mexico. Na 1992, akwụkwọ ya The Sorcerer's Crossing: A Woman’s Journey, nke na-edepụta ọzụzụ ọ natara site n'aka ndị nwanyị nke òtù don Juan, e bipụtara ya site n'aka Viking Books.

Through the 1990s, Abelar and the other witches started giving workshops in Tensegrity for Cleargreen Incorporated, a company formed by Castaneda for that purpose. &#x5B;**&#x5D;

N'ọnwa Eprel afọ 1998 - obere oge Castaneda nwụsịrị - Abelar furu efu, ya na ndị enyi anọ ọzọ nke Castaneda (Florinda Donner, Amalia Marquez (nke a makwaara dị ka Talia Bey), Kylie Lundahl, na Patricia Lee Partin). Ndị na-aga ije chọtara ọkpụkpụ Partin nke anwụ na-acha ọcha na Death Valley n'afọ 2003. Enweghị ihe ọ bụla a hụrụ banyere ụmụ nwanyị anọ ndị ọzọ.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ndị furu efu n'ụzọ dị omimi: 1990-dị ugbu a

* 

## Ihe odide

### Ihe edeturu

### Ọrụ ndị e depụtara
Susan Chomba

**Susan Chomba** bụ onye sayensị na onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na mba Kenya. Ọ bụ onye isi nduzi na World Resources Institute.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Chomba tolitere na ịda ogbenye na Kirinyaga County .  Ọ bụ nne nne ya zụlitere Chomba n'ụzọ dị ukwuu ebe nne ya, nne na nna naanị ya, na-arụ ọrụ mgbe niile. Nne Chomba na-akụ capsicum ya na French beans na obere ala nke nwanne nna ya nwere ma mepụtakwazie ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ ugbo.

Mgbe Chomba dị afọ iteghete, ụlọ akwụkwọ obibi dị n'ógbè ahụ jụrụ ya n'ihi ịda ogbenye ya, ya mere ọ gara nke tezikwara aka, di na Western Kenya. Mgbe nne ya enweghịzi ike iziga ya ebe ahụ, Chomba laghachiri Kirinyaga ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke mpaghara ahụ. E nyere nwa akwụkwọ ọ bụla nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ala iji kọọ ugbo. Chomba nwalere ọrụ ugbo, na-akụ cabbage iji guzogide ihu igwe oyi.

Ọ bụ ezie na Chomba nwere olileanya ịmụ iwu ma ọ bụ akụ na ụba ugbo, e debere ya na ọmụmụ ihe gbasara ọhịa na Mahadum Moi .  N'oge afọ nke atọ ya, mgbe ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ agroforestry, ọ chọtara akaraka ya.

Chomba sonyeere International Center for Research in Agroforestry, ebe ọ na-eme ka mba Afrika dịghachi ọhụrụ, mmemme mweghachi ala nke mba asatọ nke weghachiri otu nde hekta nke ala mebiri emebi na mba Afrika.

Chomba bụ onye otu mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere masta abụọ nke mba Europe na Sustainable Tropical Forestry na Mahadum Bangor ya na Mahadum Copenhagen. Ọ rụchara ọrụ ubi na Tanzania. Ọ gara n'ihu na-enweta Ph.D. ya na nchịkwa ọhịa na Mahadum Copenhagen.

N'oge afọ 2021, Chomba sonyeere World Resources Institute dịka onye nduzi nke Vital Landscapes for Africa, ebe ọ na-eduzi ọrụ ha na "Forests, Food systems and People".  Ọ bụkwazi onye nnọchi anya ụwa maka Race to Zero na Race to Resilience n'okpuru UN High Level Champions for Climate Action. 

## Onyinye

* Peter Henry Forestry Postgraduate Award, onye mbụ natara, Mahadum Bangor
* 2016: 16 Women Restoring the Earth, Global Landscapes Forum
* 2022: ụmụ nwanyị 25 na-akpụzi omume ihu igwe n'ụwa niile, Greenbiz 
* 2023: 100 Women (BBC), nke gosipụtara 100 ụmụ nwanyị na-akpali akpali ma na-enwe mmetụta si gburugburu ụwa.

## Edensibia

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Rahmina Paullete

**Rahmina Paullete**, onye a maara dị ka **Rahmina,** bụ onye Kenya na-ahụ maka ihu igwe. Ọ bụ onye isi na-eme mkpọsa maka #LetLakeVictoriaBreatheAgain nke na-akwado iweghachi Ọdọ Mmiri Victoria. Ọ bụkwa onye hiwere Kisumu Environmental Champions, otu nzukọ nke na-ahụ maka nchekwa anụ ọhịa gburugburu ebe obibi na nkwado maka mgbanwe ihu igwe.

## Mmụta
 Rahimna gara akwụkwọ maka asambodo agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya nke Kenya (KCPE) na M.A Junior Academy na 2019.[1] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Kisumu Senior Academy ebe ọ gụchara IGCSE ya. Ugbu a ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ International Relations na Daystar University.  

## Ọrụ
Paullete bụ onye isi na-eme mkpọsa maka #LetLakeVictoriaBreatheAgain  nke na-akwado mweghachi  nke Ọdọ Mmiri Victoria. Ọ bụ onye guzobere Kisumu Environmental Champions, otu nzukọ na-eme nchedo anụ ọhịa gburugburu ebe obibi na nkwado mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọ bụ onye otu Wangari Maathai Foundation  ma bụrụkwa akụkụ nke Fridays For Future .  N'afọ 2021, ọ nọ n'etiti ndị nnọchiteanya nọchitere anya Kenya na nzukọ COP26 nke mere na Glasgow, Scotland.   

## Ihe nrite

* 2016 Green Kids Award
* 2018 Onye nnọchi anya gburugburu ebe obibi Kisumu County  

## Edensibịa

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Nondumiso Sibiya

**Nondumiso Sibiya** bụ onye ọchụnta ego gburugburu ebe obibi na onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na mba South Africa. Ọ bụ onye guzobere usoro nchịkwa ihe mkpofu **Boombadotmobi** (nke a mazikwaara dị ka Boomba.mobi), nke na-agbado ụkwụ na nchịkọta ihe mkpofu na imegharị ihe na obodo ndị na-enweghị ọrụ dịka Diepsloot, nke obodo Johannesburg . 

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Nondumiso Sibiya na ụbọchi 27 nke ọnwa Nọvemba n’ohe afọ 1997 na Diepsloot, Johannesburg, mba South Africa. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Diepsloot, ọ debanyere aha na Mahadum nke Witwatersrand iji mụọ maka iru eru nkuzi, mana ọ gụchaghị mmemme ahụ ka ọ họọrọ ịchụso ọdịmma ndị ọzọ metụtara ọrụ obodo na Ọchụnta ego.

## Ọrụ
Sibiya jikọrọ aka guzobe Boombadotmobi dịka atụmatụ ndị isi iji lụso ịtụfu ihe n'ụzọ iwu na-akwadoghị ọgụ ma kwalite mmata gburugburu ebe obibi na obodo ndị dị na mba South Africa. Ikpo okwu ahụ na-enyere ndị mmadụ aka ịgbanwe ihe mkpofu anakọtara maka ihe ndị dị mkpa dịka nri, uwe, ya na ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'akpa. Otu n'ime ihe ọhụrụ dị mkpa nke atụmatụ ahụ bụ iji ugbo ikpuru gbanwee ihe oriri mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ compost, na-emepụta ma akụ na ụba gburugburu ebe obibi na uru gburugburu ebe obibi.

## Nkwado
N'oge afọ 2019, Sibiya natara Fairlady Santam Rising Star Award dị ka akụkụ nke Women of the Future Awards kwa afọ, nke na-amata ndị ọchụnta ego nwere mmetụta na mba South Africa.

## Mmetụta
E gosipụtara ọrụ Sibiya na mgbasa ozi mba maka ụzọ ọhụrụ ya maka nkwado, ijikọta ọchụnta ego, njikwa mkpofu, na mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. A maara ihe nlereanya ya maka ikike ya iji dozie nsogbu ndị dị ka enweghị nri, ihe mkpofu obodo, na enweghị ọrụ na ebe obibi ndị a na-ejighị n'aka.

## Edensibia

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Leah Namugerwa

**Leah Namugerwa** (amụrụ n'afọ 2004) bụ onye ntorobịa na-akwado ihu igwe na Uganda.[1][2] A maara ya maka idu ndú na mkpọsa ịkụ osisi na ịmalite mkpesa iji mee ka mmachibido iwu akpa rọba dị na Uganda.[1][3][4][2] Mgbe mmụọ nsọ sitere n'aka Greta Thunberg, ọ malitere ịkwado ngagharị iwe ụlọ akwụkwọ na Febụwarị 2019 ya na onye nhazi Fraịdee maka Future Uganda bụ Sadrach Nirere..

Namugerwa kwuru okwu na World Urban Forum na 2020  ma bụrụ onye nnọchi anya ndị ntorobịa na COP25 .  Nwanne nna ya, Tim Mugerwa, bụkwa onye a ma ama na gburugburu ebe obibi na Uganda. Leah Namugerwa bụ onye otu Anglican Church of Uganda . 

## Mgbalị ihu igwe
Namugerwa nụrụ banyere Greta Thunberg na ọgbaghara ya na Fraịdee na 2018.  E mechara kpalie ya ime ihe yiri nke ahụ dị ka Greta Thunberg mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na atọ, mgbe ọ kiriri akụkọ akụkọ obodo banyere apịtị na idei mmiri n'ime ime obodo nke mba ahụ. Namugerwa aghọwo onye a ma ama na-eto eto na-akwado ihu igwe na onye so na isi nke Africa kachasị ama na Friday for the Future na-ewere ọnọdụ na Uganda. Ya na Sadrach Nirere, Hilda Flavia Nakabuye, na nwa nwanne ya nwoke Bob Motavu jikọrọ aka iji mụọ Friday for the Future Uganda. Ọ na-etinye aka na Friday strike kemgbe February 2019, na-akpọ oku maka ihe omume ihu igwe ndị ọzọ, ọ duziri ederede nke akwụkwọ mkpesa iji mee ka mmachibido iwu nke akpa plastik.

Namugerwa na-eji mgbasa ozi ọha na eze agbasa ozi banyere mkpa ọ dị ichebe ụwa. Ọ na-ese foto nke ya na-arụ ọrụ dị mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi dịka ịkụ osisi wee biputere ya. Namugerwa na-eji ike mgbasa ozi ọha na eze ya agba ndị ntorobịa ume ka ha na-akụ osisi mgbe niile ma na-etinye aka n'ihe omume na ọrụ ndị na-enyere aka ichekwa gburugburu ebe obibi..

## Ihe ndị ọ rụzuru
Leah Namugerwa mere emume ncheta ọmụmụ ya nke afọ iri na ise site n'ịkụ osisi narị abụọ kama ịme oriri ncheta ọmụmụ, ma kemgbe ahụ, ọ malitere ọrụ ncheta ọmụmụ nke osisi, iji nye ndị chọrọ ime emume nchete ọmụmụ ha site n'ikwu osisi. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ ya bụ ịhụ mmejuputa iwu ihu igwe dị ugbu a (nkwekọrịta Paris 21) na ịdọta ọtụtụ mkpuchi banyere nsogbu mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọ haziri ngagharị iwe ya na ndị ọzọ na-eto eto na-akwado ihu igwe iji mee ka ọgbaghara ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ pụta na 29 Nọvemba 2020, a na-ehichakwa ụsọ mmiri nke Ggaba Beach nke Kampala iji mee ememe ụbọchị ahụ; Dorothy Nalubega, onye otu ụmụ nwanyị na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbo na gburugburu ebe obibi nọkwa na ya. Namugerwa anọgidewo na-akpọ gọọmentị Uganda ka ha mezuo nkwekọrịta ihu igwe Paris n'ụzọ zuru ezu.

## Ndụ ugbu a
Namugerwa na-aga n'ihu na-alụso mgbanwe ihu igwe ọgụ site n'ịkụ osisi. Ọ na-anọkwa na-ekwu okwu na nnọkọ ihu igwe na nzukọ na Africa na gburugburu ụwa. Namugerwa gara nzukọ ihu igwe COP27 na Egypt n'afọ a. Nzukọ mgbanwe ihu igwe nke United Nations ma ọ bụ Nzukọ nke Ndị otu UNFCCC, nke a na-akpọkarị COP27, bụ nzukọ nke 27 nke United Nations Climate Change nke a na'eme kwa afọ maka izu abụọ. Ebumnuche bụ ịbịakọta ọnụ iji kwado iwu ihu igwe gburugburu ụwa nke ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ọha na eze nwere ike ịnagide ọnụ. Namugerwa kwuru okwu n'oge nnọkọ ihu igwe na Nọvemba 7, 2022.

## Edemsibia

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Adam Zamenhof

thumb|408x408px|Adam Zamenhof, ihe dị ka
**Adam Zamenhof** (amụru ya n’oge afọ 1888 - ruo ụbọchi 29 nke ọnwa Jenụwarị n’oge afọ 1940) bụ dọkịta Poland a maara maka ọrụ ya na ophthalmology. Ọ bụ nwa L. L. Zamenhof, onye mepụtara Esperanto, na nwunye ya Klara. Tupu Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ, Zamenhof mepụtara ngwaọrụ iji lelee ebe ndị a na-ahụ anya. N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ụbọchi 6 nke ọnwa Septemba n’oge afọ 1939, ọ bụ onye isi nke Ụlọ Ọgwụ Starozakonnych na Warsaw, na onye nduzi ya. Na 1 Ọktoba 1939 e jidere Zamenhof ma ziga ya n'ogige dị na Palmiry, ebe ndị Germany gburu ya.

Adam na nwunye ya Wanda bụ nna na nne Louis-Christophe Zaleski-Zamenhof.

## Edensibia
Zofia Zamenhof

**Zofia Zamenhof** (amụrụ ya n’ụbọchi 13 nke ọnwa Disemba n’oge afọ 1889 - ruo ụbọchi 12 nke ọnwa Septemba n’oge afọ 1942) bụ onye mba Poland na-ahụ maka ụmụaka na nwa nwanyị nke Klara Silbernik na L. L. Zamenhof, onye mepụtara Esperanto.

Ili ihe atụ ya (ihe ncheta dịgidere nso n'ili Klara Zamenhof) dị na ili ndị Juu nke mba Warsaw .

## Edensibia
Klara Zamenhof

**Klara Zamenhof** (née Silbernik amụrụ ya n’ụbọchi 6 nke ọnwa Ọktoba n’oge afọ 1863 - ruo ụbọchi 6 nke ọnwa Disemba n’oge afọ 1924) bụ onye Esperantist Polish. Ọ lụrụ L. L. Zamenhof, onye mepụtara asụsụ Esperanto.  

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Klara Silbernik na ụbọchi 6 nke ọnwa Ọktoba n’oge afọ 1863 na obodo Kovno, Lithuania, mgbe ahụ akụkụ nke Alaeze Ukwu Russia. Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị kachasị okenye nke Alexander Sender Silbernik na Golda Silbernik, ndị ahịa ndị Juu bara ọgaranya si obodo Kovno.

## Enyemaka e nyere na Esperanto
Mgbe di ya nwụsịrị na ụbọchi 14 nke ọnwa Eprel n’oge afo 1917, ọ weghaara nkwalite nke Esperanto. Ọ gara n'ihu na mmepe nke obodo ahụ dabere na asụsụ ahụ ma kwado nwa ya nwanyị Lidia, onye zụrụ dịka onye nkuzi Esperanto na Europe na United States.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Ọ lụrụ Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof n’oge afọ 1887,  ma zụlite ụmụ atọ: Adam, Lidia, ya na Zofia. Ndị Nazi gburu ha atọ.

Ọ nwụrụ na mba Warsaw n’ụbọchi 6 nke ọnwa Disemba n’oge afọ 1924, e lie ya na ili ozu ndị Juu n'ebe ahụ.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Obituary nke Klara Zamenhof. N'asụsụ Esperanto.
Susan Edgerley

Susan Edgerley RCA (amụrụ na 1960) bụ onye na-ese ihe sitere na Canada mara amara maka ntinye na ọrụ ụdị ihe osise ya na iko na mgbakwunye mgbasa ozi.

Ọrụ ya malitere na 1984. Na 2003, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Onye òtù nsọpụrụ nke Royal Canadian Academy of Arts. Na 2019, ọ natara Nrite Saidye Bronfman, nke bụ akụkụ nke nrite Governor General nke Canada na Visual and Media Arts.

Ọrụ ya so n'ìgwè ihe ndị dị na Ụlọ Nkata Ọmarịcha Nkà nke Montreal, Ụlọ Nkata Akụkọ Ihe Mere nke Canada na Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec.

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Emma Camden

**Emma Camden** (amụrụ n'afọ 1966) bụ onye England-New Zealand na-ese enyo.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Camden na Southsea, England.

## Ọrụ
Camden gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Southampton Institute of Higher Education na 1985, wee gụchaa BA (Hons) na ese with Ceramics na Sunderland Polytechnic na 1990.[1] Ọ kwagara Auckland, New Zealand na 1991.[1] Otu klas dị elu na usoro ihe eji eme ihe nke furu efu na David Reekie we batara Camden na usoro a, nke ghọrọ isi ihe ọrụ ya.

## Nkwado
N'afọ 1996, 1998, 1999, 2001 na 2005, e mere Camden onye ikpeazụ nke Ranamok Glass Prize (nke a maara dị ka RFC Glass Prize).  N'afọ 1999, e nyere ya ihe nrite kachasị elu na Ranamok Glass Prize maka ọrụ ya Tower .  Creative New Zealand nyere ya onyinye nka na 2007 na 2014.

## Ihe ngosi
Ihe ngosi ndị dị mkpa gụnyere Filling the Void na AVID Gallery na Wellington, na 2012, Solid na Koru Contemporary Art na Hong Kong na 2010, Luminaries na 2009 na Sabbia Gallery Sydney na Pacific Light na 2007 na Chappell Gallery na New York.

Site na Disemba 2015 ruo Machị 2016 Ụlọ ngosi Sarjeant gosipụtara *Emma Camden - Ugbu a*, ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ọhụrụ na nke ahọpụtara.  Ihe ngosi ahụ lekwasịrị anya n'ụdị ụlọ ya buru ibu ma nwekwuo ihe owuwu, karịa ọrụ ya dị n'ụlọ.

## Nchịkọta
A gụnyere ọrụ ya na nchịkọta nke Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, Auckland War Memorial Museum, The Dowse Art Museum, National Art Glass Gallery na Wagga Wagga, Australia, Queensland Art Gallery, National Gallery of Australia, Glasmuseet na Ebeltoft, Denmark, na Palm Springs Art Museum na United States. 

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Marcelle Ferron

Marcelle Ferron GOQ RCA (Jenụwarị 29, 1924 – Nọvemba 19, 2001) bụ onye na-ese ihe na Canada na onye na-ese ihe n'akara ákwà, bụ otu n'ime ndị isi iri na isii mbụ so na Refus global manifesto nke Paul-Émile Borduas, na onye a ma ama na ebe ngosi nka nke oge a na Quebec, jikọtara ya na ndị Automatistes.

## Afọ ndị mbụ
A mụrụ Ferron na Louiseville, Quebec na Jenụwarị 29, 1924. Nwanne ya nwoke Jacques Ferron na nwanne ya nwanyị Madeleine Ferron bụ ndị ode akwụkwọ. Ọ mụrụ na École des beaux-arts de Québec tupu o hapụ, na-ezughị ezu na ụzọ ndị nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ si ekwu maka nka oge a.

Ferron bụ onye otu mbụ nke Paul-Émile Borduas's Automatistes art movement. Ọ bịanyere aka na nkwupụta Refus global, ihe omume na-agbanwe agbanwe na ọdịbendị Quebec, na 1948. 

## Ọrụ
N'afọ 1953, ọ kwagara Paris, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ afọ iri na atọ na ise ihe na ise ihe ma mara ya nka nke iko, nke a ga-akpọkarị ya. Ọrụ nke onye France na-ese enyo, Michel Blum na ihe ọhụrụ ya kpaliri ya. Ferron laghachiri na 1966 na Quebec, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ naanị na enyo maka afọ iri abụọ sochirinụ.
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|350x350px|Window na-acha odo odo nke Marcelle Ferron, na ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Champ-de-Mars na Montreal
Otu n'ime windo ya nke achọpụtara na iko dị na Champ-de-Mars metro station na Montreal, Quebec. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ọrụ mbụ na-enweghị onyonyo e ji etinye na metro, na-emegide ụdị mmụta dị na ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke oge ahụ, na-egosi mgbanwe dị ukwuu na nka ọha na Montreal n'etiti iwu nke onye nduzi nka nke oge ahụ Robert Lapalme na onye nduzi nka n'ọdịnihu na onye mmekọ automatiste Jean-Paul Mousseau. A pụkwara ịhụ ihe atụ ndị ọzọ nke ọrụ ya na Vendôme metro station, Centre hospitalier universitaire Sainte-Justine, na isi ụlọ ọrụ ICAO, na Montreal; Place du Portage na Gatineau, Quebec; na ụlọ ikpe Granby, Quebec.

## Onyinye na nsọpụrụ
Na VI Bienal (1961) na São Paulo, Brazil, ọ nọchitere anya Canada ya na Ron Bloore, Alex Colville, Gordon Smith na Harold Town wee merie ihe nrite ọlaọcha, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ onye Quebec mbụ natara nkwanye ùgwù mba ụwa. N'afọ 1983, gọọmentị Quebec nyere ya Ihe nrite Paul-Émile-Borduas maka nka anya.  N'afọ 1985, e mere ya Knight of the National Order of Quebec ma bulie ya n'ọkwa Grand Officer n'afọ 2000. Ọ bụkwa onye otu Royal Canadian Academy of Arts . 

## Ọnwụ
Ọ nwụrụ na Montreal, Quebec, na Nọvemba 19, 2001.

## Ihe Nketa
A na-akpọ ụlọ ndị agadi na Brossard, Quebec, Centre d'Accueil Marcelle-Ferron, aha ya. Na 7 Septemba 2019, Google sọpụrụ Ferron na "google doodle" iji mee emume ncheta nke mwepụta ya na ọdụ Vendôme nke Montreal.

## Ọnụ ahịa ahịa
Na Heffel Auction, Post-War & Contemporary Art, November 24, 2022, lot 17, Sans titre, mmanụ on canvas, 63 3/4 x 51 in, 161.9 x 129.5 cm, Auction Estimate: $ 200,000 - $ 300,000 CAD, nwetara ọnụahịa nke $ 1,801,250 (gụnyere Buyer's Premium ).&nbsp;

Na Cowley Abbott Auction, Important Canadian Art (Sale 1), Disemba 1, 2022, lot #43 Sans titre (1960), mmanụ na canvas, 74.75 x 98.5 ins (189.9 x 250.2 cms), Auction Estimate: $ 550,000.00 - $ 750,000.00, nwetara ọnụahịa nke $ 1,260,000.00.

## Ihe odide
Margery Clinton

Margery Clinton (1931–2005) bụ onye na-arụ ihe seramiiki na mba Scotland na ọkachamara na ntụ ntụ azụ azụ nke ọkụ. O mụtara na-ese ihe na Glasgow School of Art n'etiti 1949 na 1953 ma bụrụ akụkụ nke òtù Young Glasgow, nke ngosi mbụ ha mere na McLellan Galleries na 1958. Clinton mepụtara mmasị na seramiiki tupu ọ gaa na-amụ ihe gbasara ntụ ntụ ọkụ azụ na Royal College of Art na mmalite afọ 1970. Ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ na London ka o malitere ịmụ usoro iko ọkụ nke Louis Comfort Tiffany.

Na 1978, ọ guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na Newton Port, Haddington na Scotland ma rụọ ọrụ ebe ahụ n'ịdị na mmekọrịta ọnụ na Jan Williamson ruo 1981. Evelyn Corbett nyere ya aka ọtụtụ afọ. Clinton gara n'ihu n'ebe ahụ ruo 1995 mgbe ọ kwagara na ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ na Templelands, Dunbar.

Clinton mere ọtụtụ ọrụ ebube dị iche iche n'ihe gbasara ụlọ mgbe ọ ka dị ndụ, a na-elekwa ọrụ ya na taịlị anya dị ka nke pụrụ iche. A gosiwo ọrụ ya na Tate, Victoria na Albert Museum, Glasgow Art Gallery na Royal Museum of Scotland. Taịlị ọrụ ya n'ogige ọha na eze dịgide ma sie ike. Ị ga-ahụ ihe atụ nke ọrụ taịlị Clinton na Mary Erskine School dị na Edinburgh na ọbụna ụlọ mposi ndị ọrụ na Scottish National Portrait Gallery. N'ọrụ ya nke ikpeazụ, Clinton rụrụ ọrụ na paperclay, tinyere ihe dị ka pasentị 1.5 nke akwụkwọ na clay, nke gbanwere àgwà ya kpamkpam.

O dere "Working with Lustres" (nke akpọkwara Lustres), nke Batsford bipụtara na 1991, ugbu a Anova Books, bụ akwụkwọ dị mfe ịghọta gbasara usoro ndị ejiri na ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya mara amara.

Nnukwu nchịkọta zuru oke nke nri o siri na nnyocha ọ mere gbasara lustres dị na National Library of Scotland tinyere akwụkwọ ozi ya, ndekọ ego, na akwụkwọ ọrụ ya site na 1969 ruo 1995.

A gụnyere ọrụ ya na nchịkọta nke Tate Museum . 

## Ihe odide
Yvonne Williams

**Yvonne Williams** RCA (1901-1997)  bụ onye na-ese enyo, nke a maara maka imepụta na ịmepụta windo enyo na Canada, gụnyere windo na St. John's Shaughnessy na Vancouver, Chalmers United Church na Guelph, Ontario na St. Michael & All Angels Church na Toronto.

A mụrụ Williams na nne na nna Canada na Port of Spain, Trinidad .  N'afọ 1918, ezinụlọ ahụ laghachiri Canada.

Williams debanyere aha n’Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Nkà nke Ontario n’afọ 1922. N'ebe ahụ ọ mụtara ịkpụ ihe mgbe ahụ ọ mụtara ịpịkọta, na-amụkwa n'okpuru Arthur Lismer, Frederick Varley na J. E. H. MacDonald. Ọ gbanwere isiokwu ya gaa na iko na nkà dị mma nke ọla, na-anọkwu otu afọ ọzọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum iji mụta n'okpuru Edith Grace Coombs. N'afọ 1928, ọ malitere ọmụmụ ọrụ aka na ụlọ ọrụ Charles Jay Connick na Boston, Massachusetts. N'afọ 1936, ọ gara France ịmụ banyere iko eji agba na Chartres.

Mgbe ọ laghachiri Toronto, Williams meghere ebe a na-arụ ọrụ na 1930, dị na Cariboo Avenue na North Toronto n'ụlọ ọ gbazitere n'aka Arthur Lismer. Ebe a na-arụ ọrụ nọ n'ọrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 30. Ebe a na-arụ ọrụ natara ihe karịrị narị anọ nke ọrụ n’ofe Canada maka ebe ọha na eze na nke onwe.[2] Emebere ihe onyonyo nke Williams maka stampụ Canadian Yuletide nke 1976 nke 20 cent na stampụ Canadian Yuletide nke 1997 nke 52 cent.[1] Ọrụ ya gbasapụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ 50 n'oge ọ dịtụghị mfe ka nwanyị banye n’ụlọ ọrụ nke iko agba.[3] Enwere mkparịta ụka na Williams banyere ọrụ ya dị na Ụlọ Ọrụ Akwụkwọ na Archives Canada n'okpuru Joan Murray fonds, R4917.

Williams bụ onye otu Royal Architectural Institute of Canada (RAIC) na Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.[1]

Ọ nwụrụ na 1997 na Parry Sound, Ontario. Ọ bụbu onye nyefere ala dị n'ọnụ mmiri maka ọha mmadụ na Mill Lake, nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Yvonne Williams Park.

## Ihe odide
Flower Msuya

Flower Ezekiel Msuya (amụrụ n'afọ 1959) bụ onye Tanzania phycologist. Ọ bụ ọkachamara na algaculture (ọrụ ugbo mmiri) na aquaculture.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
Flower Ezekiel Msuya was born in 1959 in Kifula (Ugweno), a division of Mwanga District in the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania. She earned her BSc in botany and statistics from the University of Dar es Salaam. She received an MSc in fisheries and aquaculture from the University of Kuopio in Finland. Based on a course in phycology (the study of algae and seaweed), she developed an interest in seaweed farming. She earned her PhD in seaweed-integrated aquaculture from Tel Aviv University in 2004. Her thesis, "The Influence of Culture Regimes on the Performance of Seaweed Biofilters in Integrated Mariculture", examined the use of seaweed as biofilters for fishpond effluent water.

## Ọrụ
Site na 1993 ruo 1996, Msuya chọpụtara mmetụta akụ na ụba na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ugbo akwụkwọ ndụ mmiri.[1][2] Ọ bụ onye malitere ugbo akwụkwọ ndụ mmiri na ndịda Tanzania na 1995 na 1996.[1][2] Site na 2005 ọ na-eme nchọpụta banyere teknụzụ iji gbakwunye uru na akwụkwọ ndụ mmiri (dịka ọmụmaatụ, maka ime netị abụọ).[1]

Kemgbe 2017, Msuya bụ́ akụkụ nke otu na-etinye n'ọrụ oru ngo GlobalSeaweedSTAR iji chekwaa ọdịnihu nke azụmahịa nori megide mmetụta mgbanwe ihu igwe n'obodo dị ka Tanzania, Philippines na Malaysia. Oru ngo a bụ nke Scottish Association of Marine Science (SAMS) na-edu na nke UK Research and Innovation Global Challenges Research Fund kwadoro.

Msuya rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nyocha na Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute (TAFIRI) na Kigoma, Tanzania. Ọ bụbu Chief Laboratory Scientist na Senior Researcher na Marine Biology na Institute of Marine Sciences nke Mahadum Dar es Salaam nke dị na Zanzibar .  Mkpa ụlọ ọrụ Tanzania nwere iji zụlite ume maka mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi abụwo ebe dị mkpa maka ya.

Msuya bụ otu n’ime ndị nkuzi mba ụwa ise na Innovation na Cluster Facilitation. Ọ na-azụlite teknụzụ ugbo anụ ọhịa n’ọkụkọ, ịgbakwunye uru, na ijikọ anụ ọhịa n’ọkụkọ na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ dị n’ọsọ oké osimiri dị ka kịta mmiri, mkpụrụ akwụkwọ na azụ nwere ego.

Msuya emetụla aka na FAO, WIEGO, UNIDO na WWF. Ọ nyeworị aka na mmalite ọrụ ugbo ọkụkọ oké osimiri na Mauritius, Rodrigues na Mayotte.

Ọ bụ onye otu Tropical Agriculture Association (TAA), Royal Society of Biology (RSB),  World Aquaculture Society (WAS),  International Seaweed Association (ISA), Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association (WIOMSA) na Pan African Competitiveness Forum (PACF). 

Msuya bụ onye guzobere na onye isi oche nke Zanzibar Seaweed Cluster Initiative (ZaSCI). N'ime akụkụ nke mmemme a, ọ enyela aka na ịmepụta ngwaahịa algae[1] gụnyere ntụ ntụ, akpụkpọ anụ na nri.[2][3] ZaSCI na-enyekwara Zanzibar aka ịgbasawanye nhazi algae site na ịrụ ụlọ ọrụ nhazi algae maka carrageenan nke a na-emechi nke ọma (gel ahụ nke na-ekpebi àgwà nke algae ọbara ọbara a na-azụ n'àgwàetiti ahụ).[4]

## Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ

* 
* 
* 
* 

## Hụkwa

* Ịkpa anụ n'ime mmiri dị iche iche

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations
Anna Carlgren

**Anna Carlgren** (nke a na-akpọ ['ana 'ka:lgre:n]; amụrụ na Julaị 1960, Växjö) bụ onye na-ese iko na Sweden.

## Mmụta
N'afọ 1977-78, ọ gụrụ ihe osise na calligraphy Chinese n'okpuru Han Bong Duk na Stockholm. Site na 1978 ruo 1980, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Orrefors ese iko mahadum.  Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Kosta Boda (1979), ya na D. Valkema wetara ebe ọrụ (1980), ma bụrụkwa onye na-ese ihe na Pilchuck ese iko mahadum (Stanwood, Washington) ebe ọ kụzikwaara ihe. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Gerrit Rietveld Academy na Amsterdam na 1983.

## Ọrụ
E gosipụtara ihe ngosi mbụ nke Anna Carlgren na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na Växjö, Sweden. Isi ihe ọ na-elekwasị anya bụrụ nghọta na ihe ọhụụ na ugegbe. Ọ na-ede ma na-ekwu okwu banyere isiokwu a ka ọ na-egosi ọrụ ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na gallery n'ụwa niile. A gụnyere ọrụ ya na nchịkọta onwe onye nke Jaroslava Brychtova; Harvey Littleton Collection; na nchịkọta nke Ulla Forsell na Annelies van der Vorm, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.

N'afọ 2002, Carlgren, Durk Valkema, na Annelies van der Vorm kpebiri ime pụta Vrij Glas Foundation na Zaandam, NL. Mgbe ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe na Paris 2003-04, Anna Carlgren gakwuuru maka IASPIS Internatio ala Artists" Studio ihe omume na Sweden ma rụọ ọrụ na atụmatụ maka ntọala ahụ.

Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere Glasakademin na Sweden, ebe ọ bụ onye isi oche ya ruo afọ isii ma bụrụ ugbu a onye isi nke Glasakademina's Commission for Knowledge Transfer.

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Cobi Cockburn

**Cobi Cockburn** bụ onye Australia na-ese enyo.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
Cobi Cockburn si New South Wales . 

Ọ gụsịrị Bachlo nke Visual Arts (2000) na Master nke Fine Arts (2016) na Sydney mahadum nke ndị Arts . Ọ bụkwa onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Glass Workshop na Bachelor nke Visual Arts (Hons) (2006) site na Mahadum Mba Australia dị na Canberra . 

## Ọrụ
Cockburn na-emepụta ihe osise enyo. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na nzaghachi maka gburugburu ebe obibi ya na ala, ọkachasị gburugburu Canberra na mpaghara Shoalhaven.

## Nkwado na onyinye

* 2006: Ranamok Glass Prize
* 2007: Lino Tagliapietra Prize na Talente 2007 na Germany,  asọmpi maka ndị na-emepụta ihe (n'okpuru 35), nke a haziri dị ka akụkụ nke International Trades Fair na Munich 
* 2007: Emerge, US
* 2009: Tom Malone Prize site na Art Gallery nke Western Australia 
* 2011-12: Onye na-ese ihe na Charles Butcher na Tylee Cottage na Whanganui, New Zealand, na 2011-12. 
* 2015: Ihe nrite Tom Malone
* 2020: FUSE Glass Prize

## Nchịkọta
A na-edebe ọrụ ya na Art Gallery nke Western Australia, Palm Springs Art Museum na Corning Museum of Glass, New York. 
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Claire Deleurme

**Claire Deleurme** bụ onye France na-ese enyo. A na-edebe ọrụ ya na nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide nke Corning Museum of Glass na New York, United States. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
Deleurme gụsịrị National College Diploma nke Visual Arts site na École Supérieure des Beaux-arts de Cornouaille, France, na European enyo Fellows Diploma na nsọpụrụ site na Centre Européen de Recherches et Formation aux Arts Verriers, Vannes-le-Châtel, France. N'afọ 2016, o nwere ebe obibi na Corning Museum nke enyo na United States.  

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Deleurme
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Helen Lee (artist)

**Helen Lee** bụ onye na-ese ihe, onye na-eme iko, onye na'emepụta ihe, na onye nkuzi.

## Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ
A mụrụ Lee na Summit, NJ na 1978 na Summit, New Jersey. Lee gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Massachusetts Institute of Technology na 2000 na Bachelor nke Science na Art and Design na ntinye aka na Architectural Ndozi na odede . N'afọ 2006, ọ nwetara Master of Arts na Glass site na Rhode Island School of Design .  Lee arụwo ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe na onye na-eme ihe nkiri iko ihe karịrị afọ iri. 

Ọ bụ osote prọfesọ na Onye isi iko na Mahadum Wisconsin-Madison ugbu a. Ọrụ ya na-ekwu maka isiokwu nke asụsụ dị ka ihe na-egosi ihe ọ pụtara na ọdịdị anụ ahụ. Ọ na-akọwa omume ya dị ka "nnyocha nke oke, duality, na mgbanwe - na-ebi n'oge iku ume na-aghọ ụda, ụda na-aghọta okwu a na-ekwu, okwu a na'ekwu na-aghọrọ ederede, na okwu edere na-aghọzi akụkụ site na iku ume nke ya. "  Ọ na-abụkarị ihe ọhụrụ na usoro ha, dị ka ọrụ Alpha-zanfirico ya, dabere na eserese na nhazi dijitalụ. Ogwe osisi ndị a na-agbagharị agbagharị, nke e mere site na iji mmemme Virtualglass nke MIT, dị na orbs ma ọ bụ droplets iko nke mgbe a na-ekewa ya na-ekpughe mkpụrụ edemede dị ala na oji.

Ọ wereri ma na-eduzi ọrụ na Rhode Island School of Design, California College of the Arts, Toyama City Institute of Glass Art, Haystack Mountain ụlọ akwụkwọ of Crafts, Pilchuck iko mahadum ,Chrysler Museum iko Studio, na MIT Glass Lab.  Site na 2009-2011 ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe na Headlands Center for the Arts .  [1]

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Zora Palová

**Zora Palová** (22 Disemba 1947 - 11 Jenụwarị 2025) bụ onye na-ese enyo na Slovakia.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Palová na Bratislava, Slovakia na 22 Disemba 1947, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ nka eji eme ihe n'ebe ahụ. O mechara bụrụ onye nkuzi na ụlọ akwụkwọ nka ọha na eze dị na Nitra, ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe, tupu ọ laghachi n'obodo ya ma malite gahachi ọmụmụ ihe na nka. O bu ụzọ mụọ ihe osise na ihe okpụkpụ, mana ọ gbanwere isi ya iji mụọ ihe owuwu na ugegbe.

Site na 1996 ruo 2003, ọ bụ onyeisi ngalaba iko na Mahadum Sunderland dị na England.[3] Na 2008, ọ natara Rakow Commission site na Corning Museum of Glass, New York.[4]

Palová nwụrụ na Jenụwarị 11, 2025, mgbe ọ dị afọ 77.[1]

## Ihe odide
Elinor Portnoy

**Elinor Portnoy** (Hebrew) bụ onye Israel na-ese ihe enyo nke bi na London, England . 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Portnoy na Israel ma mechaa Bachelor nke Arts na imewe na Holon Institute of Technology na Israel na 2010. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi na-ese ihe na Ototo, ụlọ ọrụ na-ese onyinyo na Tel Aviv. Ọ kwagara London wee gụchaa Master nke Arts na ceramics na iko na Royal College nke Art.

Na 2017, a kpọrọ ya òkù ka ọ bịa biri na Corning Museum of Glass. 

## Ihe odide
Caroline Prisse

*'Jonkvrouw Caroline Emmanuelle (Caroline) Prisse* bụ onye na-ese ihe Dutch. A gụnyere ọrụ ya na nchịkọta nke Corning Museum nke enyo . 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Prisse na Belgium, ọ gụrụ ihe osise na ihe osise iko na Gerrit Rietveld Academie na Amsterdam, Netherlands.Ọ gosipụtala ihe ngosi na Musee Wurth Strassbourg na  Gemeentemuseum Den Haag . 

Prisse nwere ọkwa onye nduzi nke ọzụzụ iko na Gerrit Rietveld Academie ma site na 2014 ruo 2018 ọ bụ onye nduzi Van Tetterode Glass Studio nke dị na Amsterdam.  

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Maria Grazia Rosin

**Maria Grazia Rosin** (amụrụ n'afọ 1958) bụ onye na-ese ihe enyo n'Itali. Ọrụ ya dị na nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide nke Corning Museum nke enyo, New York; Carnegie Museum nke ese ihe, Pittsburgh; Kunst Museum, Düsseldorf; na Murano Glass Museum, Italy.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Rosin na Itali, na Cortina d'Ampezzo. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Istituto d'Arte dị na Cortina. Na 1979, ọ kwagara Venice wee mụọ akwụkwọ n'okpuru Emilio Vedova na Academy nke ese ihe, wee gụchaa akwụkwọ na 1983.

N'afọ 1980, Rosin sere ihe osise ma rụọ ọrụ na eserese, ihe osise, mgbasa ozi, na imewe. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1994, ọ na-arụ ọrụ naanị na iko. N'afọ 2005, ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe na Corning Museum of Glass. N'afọ 2005, e nyere ya ọrụ ịmepụta kandụl isii maka ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ La Scala Opera House na Milan.

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Rui Sasaki

Rui Sasaki (佐々木 類, Sasaki Rui; amụrụ n'afọ 1984) bụ onye na-ese enyo si Japan .  Ọrụ ya dị na nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide nke Corning Museum nke enyo. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
Sasaki gụsịrị nzere Bachelor nke ese ihe na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ime ụlọ na imewe aka na Mahadum Musashino ese ihe dị na Tokyo. Ọ kwagara na United Steeti  na 2007, wee gụọ akwụkwọ na Rhode Island School of Design, ebe ọ natara  Nna-ukwu nke Fine Arts na iko na 2010.

N'afọ 2019 ọ natara Rakow Commission site na Corning Museum of Glass . 

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
John Larkin (author)

**John Brendan Larkin**  John Brendan Larkin (amụrụ na 20 Eprel 1963  bụ onye ode akwụkwọ Australia. A ma ya nke ọma site n’ọrụ ya The Shadow Girl na The Pause, nke ụlọ mbipụta Penguin Random House bipụtara. A tọhapụrụ The Pause n’ọnwa Eprel 2015 ma o meriri Griffith University Young Adult Book Award na Queensland Literary Awards nke afọ 2015. The Shadow Girl meriri Victorian Premier’s Award maka akwụkwọ ndị ntorobịa n’afọ 2012. 

A mụrụ **Larkin** n’obodo a na-egwu ọla (mining town) a na-akpọ **Maltby**, nke dị na **West Riding of Yorkshire** n’oge ahụ (taa a na-akpọ ya **South Yorkshire**), na **England**. Nne ya, **Pat**, sokwa na Maltby, ebe nna ya **Brendan** si **Ireland** bịa. Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara **Australia** n’afọ ndị ngwụcha 1960s, ha rutere **Sydney** n’abalị **Ekeresimesi** (Christmas Eve) n’afọ **1969**.

**John** bụ nwa nke abụọ n’ime ụmụ atọ. O nwere nwanne nwanyị toro ya aha ya bụ **Trish**, na nwanne nwoke nta aha ya bụ **Paul**, onye bi ugbu a na **Western Australia**, ebe **John** n’onwe ya bi ugbu a na **New South Wales**.[1]

**Larkin** gụrụ akwụkwọ na **Toongabbie Public School** na **Pendle Hill High School**.[2][3] O mụtara **English Literature** na **Mahadum Macquarie**, ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ nweta **Bachelor of Arts**, **Bachelor of Education**, na **digrii masters** n’ide akwụkwọ okike (creative writing).[4]

Ugbu a, ọ ka na-ede akwụkwọ ma na-akụzikwa na ụlọ akwụkwọ dị ka **Knox Grammar Preparatory School**, **Abbotsleigh**, na **Ravenswood School for Girls**, ebe a na-ahụ ya n’anya nke ukwuu n’etiti ụmụakwụkwọ. **Larkin** nwere ada aha ya bụ **Chantelle**, bụ́ dọkịta na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a na **Westmead Hospital**. O nwekwara nwa nwoke aha ya bụ **Damian**, onye bụ **lifeguard**, **onye mgbanyụ ọkụ**, ma so na **ndị agha ndọta (army reserves)**.[5]

## Akwụkwọ
 

## Ihe odide
 
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Coleen Vogel

**Coleen Vogel** bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara ihu igwe na South Africa nke na-arụ ọrụ mba ụwa na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọ bụ Prọfesọ Pụrụ Iche na Mahadum Witwatersrand. Na 2009, ọ bụ onye nke atọ meriri ihe nrite Burtoni maka ọrụ ya.

## Ndụ
Vogel zụrụ dị ka onye ọkachamara na-ahụ maka ihu igwe. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Mahadum Witwatersrand na Johannesburg ebe ọ ghọrọ Prọfesọ Pụrụ Iche na Global Change Institute. Ọ bụ onye isi edemede maka Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 4th assessment Report Working Group 2 Chapter on Africa, ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Sayensị Mba Nile nke International Human Dimensions Programme on Climate Changes.

N'afọ 2009, ọ bụ onye nke atọ a họọrọ ịnata onyinye Burtoni. 

N'afọ 2022 o bipụtara ịdọ aka ná ntị ya na Francois Engelbrecht, Alize le Roux na Aimee-Noel Mbiyozo iji kwuo na South Africa kwesịrị ịdị njikere maka mgbanwe ihu igwe. Nke a sochiri Idei mmiri na KwaZulu-Natal nke gburu ma ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ 435, 40,000 ndị ọzọ enweghị ebe obibi na ụlọ 4,000 mebiri. Ha kwetara na idei mmiri nke nha a emeela tupu mana ọdịiche dị ugbu a bụ na idei mmiri ahụ na-eme ugboro ugboro n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe. Ọ rụrịtara ụka n'oge gara aga mgbe oke okpomọkụ nke 2021 gasịrị maka nkwadebe ka mma na-ekwu na ọ dị mkpa ka ya na ndị ugwu ụwa nwee nkwurịta okwu dị mma nakwa na Africa na mahadum ya dị mkpa itinye aka.

Vogel bụ ọkachamara a ma ama na Njikwa Ọdachi South Africa dịka onye na-etinye aka n'ịmepụta atụmatụ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na akwụkwọ ọcha yana inyere aka na Iwu Njikwa Ọdachi  ..  Na 2022, ọ bụ onye ndu Obodo Johannesburg maka mmegharị na mgbanwe ihu igwe . 

## Mbipụta ahọpụtara
* 
* 

## Edensibịa



Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Donkervoort

**Donkervoort Automobielen BV** bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta Ụgbọala egwuregwu eji aka rụọ dị fechaa fechaa nke dị n'obodo Lelystad, Netherlands Ọ bụ nwa amadi Joop Donkervoort ihwere udi Ugbọalaa na afọ 1978. N'afọ 1996, e jiri injin Audi dochie injin Ford nke Donkervoort na buru eji arụ ụgbọala ndịa. Okwu njiri mmara Donkervoort bụ "Enweghị Nleghara anya" - nke a pụtara ịnya  ụgbọala na-enweghị ihe enyemaka eletrọniki ọ bụla dị ka ABS sistemụ brek ya bụ mgbochi nkwusị ụgbọala( nke ndị bekee kporo anti-lock braking system), mmemme nkwụsi ike eletrọnik (ESP) ma ọ bụ ihe ịnya ụgbọala.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụlọ ọrụ
Donkervoort bụ ụlọ ọrụ nke onye hiwere ya bụ Maazị Joop Donkervourt na-achịkwa ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 2019 ma nwa ya nwoke bụ Denis nọchiri ya dị ka onye isi nchịkwa n'afọ 2021. Marianne Donkervoort, onye lụrụ Joop, na Amber, nwa ha nwanyị, arụwokwa ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịzụlite azụmahịa na akara nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ . Amber bụ onye na-anya ịnyinya sonyere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị ka onye nlokọta ndị ahịa mgbe ọ muchara ọrụ na China. A kpọrọ Donkervoort S8A aha Amber, ebe a kpọrọ D8 aha Denis'.

Joop  malitere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dịka onye na-ebubata ngwa ahịa n'afọ 1978, mana mgbe ọ matara na ọ dị mkpa ime mgbanwe dị ukwuu iji mee ka ụgboala ndị a ekpọkọtara ịgba n'okporo ụzọ nwee ikike, ọ malitere ịrụ ụggboala mbụ ya akpọrọ S7 site na iji udịdị ihiwe sitere na  Lotus Seven n'ime Tienhoven.N'afọ 1983, Donkervoort kwagara n'ụlọ mmepụta ọzọ buru ibunke dị na Loosdrecht, n'afọ 2000 ọ kwagakwara n'ụlọ nrụpụta ọzọ dị na Lelystad.Ọ bụ ebe a ka isi ụlọ dị ugbu a. Ebidozịrị mepụtawa Chassis, nke e nyeburu onye ọzo na-ebubata ngwa ahịa, na Lelystad n'fọ Lelystad in 2003.

### Atụmatụ ọdịnihu
Donkervoort kwupụtara na weebụsaịtị ha na ọ na-agbasa ụlọ ọrụ ya na aka ọrụ ya na mba ụwa niile dị ka ọdị ugbu a dịka onye eji,udị nrụta ụgbọala a n'obodo a car brand in the US.

## Ụgbọala

; Donkervoort F22 (2022) 

### Ụdị ndị gara aga

#### Donkervoort S7/S8

; Donkervoort S7
Israa Abdel Fattah

thumb|Esraa Abdel Fattah
Esraa Abdel Fattah (n’asụsụ Arabik: إسراء عبد الفتاح; a na-akpọkwa ya Nwaanyị Facebook); a mụrụ ya n’afọ 1978, bụ onye Egypt na-eme mmemme (activist) n’ịntanetị na onye إسراء عبد الفتاح, ; also called *Facebook Girl*); born 1978 is an Egyptian internet activist and blogger.

Esraa rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka nchịkwa akụ na ụba mmadụ (human resources administrator), mgbe ọ jikọrọ aka guzobe April 6 Youth Movement Egypt n’afọ 2008. E guzobere otu a iji kwado ndị ọrụ nọ na El-Mahalla El-Kubra, obodo mmepụta ihe, bụ ndị na-eme atụmatụ ịkwụsị ọrụ (strike) n’ụbọchị 6 Eprel. Otu a ji nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ mmegharị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị a ma ama.

E jidere ya site n’aka ndị nchebe Egypt n’afọ 2008. Site n’omume a, o dọtara uche ụfọdụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Egypt, n’ihi na o jiri ya kpa iwu gọọmenti na-achịkwa ozi (censorship) aka. Nke a mere ka ọ ghọọ akara mgba nguzogide na ndidi n’ime otu abalị megide ire ure na ikpe na-ezighị ezi.

Ndị uwe ojii Ijipt jidere ya n'afọ 2008. Ọ dọtara uche nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Egypt ole na ole na-ama iwu nyocha nke steeti aka, na-agbanwe ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe nnọchianya maka nguzogide na ntachi obi megide nrụrụ aka na ikpe na-ezighị ezi.

Mgbe izu abụọ gachara n’ụlọ mkpọrọ, a tọhapụrụ ya. O mere okwu mkpirikpi n’ihu ọha, kwupụta na ọ hapụrụ ime mmemme ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị kpamkpam.

## 2011 Ngagharị iwe Ijipt
Esraa Abdel Fattah pụtara ọzọ n’oge ngagharị iwe mba niile nke Jenụwarị 2011 na Egypt, nke kpọrọ oku ka ọchịchị Hosni Mubarak kwụsị. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke ukwuu n’ịntanetị nakwa n’ala (n’etiti ndị ngagharị iwe), na-enye Al Jazeera TV mmelite banyere akụkọ ọhụrụ metụtara ndị mmegide ọchịchị.

## Mgbe mgbanwe ọchịchị gasịrị
Mgbe a wakporo ụlọ ọrụ nchebe steeti na mbido Maachị 2011, n’ihi ihe ngosi na a na-ebibi faịlụ dị n’ebe ahụ, a hụrụ faịlụ Isra’a nke nwere peeji iri nke akwụkwọ na-akọwa afọ atọ nke ịge ntị ekwentị (wiretap) na mbibi (hacking) ozi ịntanetị, tinyere ụfọdụ metụtara ịgba alụkwaghịm ya. O kwuru sị: “Mmetụta nke imebi ikike m na nzuzo adịghị mfe ịkọwa.”

E weputara aha ya maka 2011 Nobel Peace Prize. 

N'abalị iri atọ na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2011, "Glamour" kpọrọ ya nwanyị nke afọ 

## Mkpọrọ n'okpuru ọchịchị Sisi
Abdel Fattah rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ntaakụkọ na onye na-ahazi mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta (social media coordinator) maka weebụsaịtị akụkọ Tahrir News, nke ọchịchị Sisi machibidoro. Na Ọktoba 13, 2019, ndị uwe ojii yi uwe nkịtị jidere Abdel Fattah, a na-ebo ha ebubo na ha tụrụ ya ahụhụ, e mesịa jide ya n’ụlọ mkpọrọ n’ime njide tupu ikpe (pretrial detention).[1] N’Ọgọst 2020, e tụrụ ya ebubo mpụ ọhụrụ—ịbụ onye òtù otu ndị a na-akpọ ndị omekome/ndị iyi ọha egwu, ịgbasa ozi ụgha, na ime mpụ iyi ọha egwu—mpụ ndị a sịrị na o mere ka ọ ka nọ n’ụlọ mkpọrọ.[2] N’ọnwa Julaị 2021, o nwetara Courage Tribute Award site n’aka World Movement for Democracy.[3] A tọhapụrụ ya na Julaị 17, 2021, tinyere ọtụtụ ndị ntaakụkọ ama ama na ndị mmegide ọchịchị ndị ọzọ, ụbọchị ole na ole ka ndị ọrụ gọọmenti United States kwupụtara nchegbu ọhụrụ mgbe e tụrụ ebubo megide onye mmegide ama ama ọzọ na Egypt.

## Hụkwa

* Asmaa Mahfouz

## Ihe odide

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ