Ọkụ ifufe

Ihe mgbochi ikuku (ebe nchekwa) bụ ihe ọkụkụ na-enwekarị otu ahịrị osisi ma ọ bụ osisi ndị a na-akụ n'ụzọ iji chebe ala pụọ ​​na mbuze. A na-akụkarị ha n'ogige dị n'akụkụ akụkụ ubi n'ubi. Ọ bụrụ na emebere ya nke ọma, ikuku ikuku na gburugburu ụlọ nwere ike ibelata ọnụ ahịa ikpo ọkụ na oyi ma chekwaa ike. A na-akụkwa ihe mgbochi ikuku iji nyere aka mee ka snow ghara ịfefe n'okporo ụzọ ma ọ bụ mbara ala.[1] Ndị ọrụ ugbo na-eji ihe mgbochi ikuku na-eme mgbe ụfọdụ ka snow na-efegharị n'ala ugbo nke ga-enye mmiri mgbe snow gbazere n'oge opupu ihe ubi. Uru ndị ọzọ gụnyere inye aka na microclimate gburugburu ihe ọkụkụ (nke na-adị ntakịrị ihicha na oyi n'abalị), inye anụ ọhịa ebe obibi, [2] na, na mpaghara ụfọdụ, inye osisi ma ọ bụrụ na a na-egbute osisi.

Enwere ike ijikọ ihe nkwụsị ikuku na ịkọrọ ọnụ n'omume ọrụ ugbo nke a na-akpọ alleycropping, ma ọ bụ na-ebuga ya n'akụkụ ọnya nchekwa mmiri.[3] A na-akụ ubi n'ahịrị nke ihe ọkụkụ dị iche iche gbara ahịrị osisi gbara ya gburugburu. Osisi ndị a na-enye mkpụrụ osisi, osisi, ma ọ bụ na-echebe ihe ọkụkụ ahụ pụọ na ifufe. Ịkụ osisi Alley enweela ihe ịga nke ọma na India, Africa, na Brazil, ebe ndị na-akụ kọfị jikọtara ọrụ ugbo na oke ọhịa.

Ihe ọzọ a na-eme maka bel nchekwa bụ ịlele ugbo site n'okporo ụzọ ma ọ bụ okporo ụzọ.[5] Nke a na-eme ka ala ubi dịkwuo mma site n'ibelata mbanye a na-ahụ anya nke okporo ụzọ, na-ebelata mkpọtụ okporo ụzọ na inye ihe mgbochi dị n'etiti anụmanụ ugbo na okporo ụzọ.

A na-ejikwa mgbidi a na-akpọ "windbreaks". A na-ejikarị ogho, naịlọn, ákwà, na ákwà ifufe eme ihe, ikuku na-enwekarị ogwe atọ ma ọ bụ karịa ejide ya na ogwe osisi ndị na-agbadata n'akpa uwe a dụkọtara n'ime panel ahụ. Mgbe ahụ, a na-etinye osisi ndị ahụ n'ime ala ma mepụta ikuku. A na-eji windbreaks ma ọ bụ "mgbidi ifufe" belata ọsọ ifufe n'ebe ndị na-emebi emebi dị ka ogige mepere emepe, ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, na ọrụ mmepụta uzuzu. Dị ka mbuze na-adabere na ọsọ ifufe, mbelata nke ọsọ ifufe nke 1/2 (dịka ọmụmaatụ) ga-ebelata mbuze site na 87.5%.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

A na-akpọ ebe ndị ikuku na-enweghị ikuku nke ikuku na-eme ka ha ghara ikuku. 

Windbreaks nwere ike ibelata mmetụta nke ọgwụ ahụhụ.
Usòrò:FieldWindbreaks.JPG|alt=Aerial view of field windbreaks in North Dakota|Nlegharị anya n'elu nke ikuku na-emebi n'ọhịaNorth Dakota
Usòrò:Svappavaara_1965a.jpg|alt=One of the original buildings at Svappavaara, designed by Ralph Erskine, which forms a long windbreak|Otu n'ime ụlọ ndị mbụ naSvappavaara, nke e mere site naRalph Erskine, nke na-eme ka ikuku na-agafe agafe
Usòrò:Lesja_leplanting.JPG|alt=Windbreaks in Lesja, Norway, also used to collect snow in a dry area.|Ifufe na-agbaLesja, Norway, a na-ejikwa ya na-anakọta snow n'ebe kpọrọ nkụ.


## Ụgbọelu na-eme ka ifufe kwụsị
thumb|Ihe ngosi nkwalite nke East Germany, 1952
Mgbe ifufe zutere ihe mgbochi, dị ka windbreak ma ọ bụ shelterbelt, ikuku ikuku na-abawanye n'akụkụ ifufe ma na-ebelata n'akụkụ leeward. N'ihi ya, ikuku na-abịaru ihe mgbochi ahụ nso na-akpaghasị, akụkụ ya na-agafe ihe mgbochi, na-akpata jet nke ọsọ ifufe dị elu. Ihe fọdụrụ n'ime ikuku ahụ na-agafe ihe mgbochi ahụ ruo n'akụkụ ya, nke mbelata nrụgide gafee obosara nke ebe nchekwa ahụ na-ebugharị; ka ọ na-apụta ọzọ, ikuku ahụ na'ihu ka ikuku ya na-agbanwe na mpaghara gbara ya gburugburu. Nke a na-eme ka ifufe na-aga n'ihu na-agafe n'ihu, na-eru ihe dịkarịa ala n'ihe dị ka okpukpu 3 ruo 5 nke ịdị elu nke ifufe. Ka ọ gafere ebe ahụ, ọsọ ifufe na-agbake, site n'enyemaka nke iyi na-agafe ngwa ngwa. Site n'echiche nke Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, enwere ike ịghọta mmetụta ndị a dị ka ihe sitere na mfu nke ike kpatara site na ịdọrọ akwụkwọ na alaka ma ga-anọchite anya ya site na ike ahụ *f<sub>i</sub>* (a distributed momentum sink). 

Windbreaks na-ebelata ọsọ ikuku nke ikuku ma mee ka ọ ghara ịgbanwe agbanwe, na-eme ka ifufe na-agwakọta nke ọma karịa ka ọ na-eme n'ihu ifufe. Tụkwasị na nke a, mgbanwe ndị a niile na omume ifufe na-ebute mgbanwe na gburugburu ebe obibi mpaghara ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mmefu ego ike nke ala nwere ike imetụta, ebe ifufe na-ebelata na-ewepụ okpomọkụ sitere n'anyanwụ n'ụzọ na-adịghị irè; omume a nwere ike ịlaghachi n'ihu n'okpuru ifufe, na ihe dị ka okpukpu 8 nke ịdị elu nke ifufe na ala, ifufe nwere ike ịkpata okpomọkụ dị jụụ. 

## Òtù ndị na-akwụsị ikuku

* Great Plains Shelterbelt bụ atụmatụ America iji mepụta eriri mgbaba na ala ahịhịa na USA n'oge ájá nke afọ 1930.
* Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration na Indian Head, Saskatchewan, Canada kwadoro mkpụrụ osisi nye ndị ọrụ ugbo ala ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 100 afọ iji belata mbuze ala ma mee ka ndụ dị mma na ala dị larịị.

## Hụkwa
 

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