Asụsụ Brokpa

**Brokpa** ( Brokpake   ;  Dzongkha   ) bụ asụsụ Tibetic nke ihe ruru mmadụ 5,000 na-asụ.  Ọ bụ ụmụ amaala obodo yakherd na-azụ atụrụ na-asụ ya. 

## Aha
Okwu Tibet  ྲོག་པ་ *`brog pa* na-ezo aka n'ọtụtụ ndị na-akwagharị ma ọ bụ ndị na-akwagharị n'azụ atụrụ yak na mpaghara Himalaya. 

N'ihi nkesa ha Brokpa nke Merak na Sakteng mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọkwa *mera-sakteng-pa* ('ndị Merak na Sakteng') na asụsụ ha **mera-sakteng-kha** ('asụsụ Merak na Sakteng'). 

## Nhazi
A na-ewere Brokpa ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ nke obere ụyọkọ Tibeti nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Sino-Tibet . Nkewa nke ime n'ime Tibetic ekpebibeghị nke ọma, nke mere ka amataghị ọnọdụ Brokpa. 

Dabere na nhazi nke Shafer (1955), Brokpa ga-ewere dị ka akụkụ nke ngalaba Central Bodish, yana ndị ọzọ, Dzongkha, Chocangacakha na Tibet Tibet . 

Tournadre (2014) na-ekewa ya dịka akụkụ nke mpaghara ndịda Tibetic. Otú ọ dị, a chọpụtala na Brokpa adịghị ekere òkè ụfọdụ ihe ọhụrụ phonological nke Dzongkha mere na ya mere enweghị ike ijikọta ya na Dzongkha n'usoro kachasị ala nke ezinụlọ. 

## Ojiji
A na-asụkarị asụsụ a na Bhutanese Gewogs nke Merak na Sakteng na Trashigang District nke Eastern Bhutan yana na mpaghara India nke Tawang na West Kameng na Arunachal Pradesh .   

Dondrup (1993: 3) depụtara obodo Brokpa ndị a.

* West Kameng district
** Lubrung
** Dirme
** Sumrang
** Nyokmadung
** Undra 
** Sengedrong
* Tawang district
** Lagam
** Mago
** Ihe bu
** Lakuthang
* Bhutan
** Sakteng
** Merak

Ọnụọgụ 1981 gụrụ ndị Brokpa dị 1,855 na Arunachal Pradesh .

## fonology
A na-akọwakarị Brokpa dị ka asụsụ na-echekwa nchekwube ma ọ bụ mgbe ochie, n'agbanyeghị na o mekwara ụfọdụ ihe ọhụrụ.  

Tebụlụ na-esote na-egosi ngwa ahịa consonants Brokpa dịka akọwara na Wangdi (2021: 101–125)

Rịba ama na Wangdi (2021) anaghị atụle genitive -gi ihe nrịbama ikpe. Ndị ọkà mmụta ndị ọzọ na-ewere na ihe nnọchianya na ngwá ọrụ dị ka otu akara ngosi. 

Ikpe ahụ zuru oke na-egosi isiokwu intransitive na ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe. Ikpe na-ezighị ezi na-egosi ihe ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe. Ebe ahụ na-egosi arụmụka gbasara oghere na/ma ọ bụ nke nwa oge. Ablative ahụ na-akakwa akara arụmụka ndị dị otú ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na mbugharị site na onye ntụgharị dị. Ọ nwekwara ike akara arụmụka mpụta na-enweghị njikọ na oghere na ọnọdụ nwa oge. Ihe eji eme ihe na-egosi arụmụka na ọrụ ngwá ọrụ. Dative na-egosi uru, nnata na ebumnuche, yana ihe ndị na-apụtaghị ìhè. Ntụgharị ahụ na-egosi mmegharị oge ma ọ bụ oghere oghere ihe nrụtụ aka nke akpaokwu aha. A na-eji kọmpụta/akpakọrịta maka nrịbama nrịbama okwu yana nchikota n'ime nkebiokwu aha, nhazi nkebiokwu na njikọ nkebiokwu.

### Nọmba ụtọ asụsụ
A na-enweta akara ọnụọgụgụ site na nchikota na okwu ọnụ, dị ka **' 'ọtụtụ', ma ọ bụ okwu ọnụ ọgụgụ. Agbanyeghị, akara nọmba adịghị mkpa nke ukwuu, ma ọ bụrụ na o doro anya site na ọnọdụ. 

Ihe nrịbama Brokpa nke ejikọtara n'ụda bụ: 

* = 
* =  ~ =  ~ = 
* =  ~ = 

The plural markers ''= '' na ''= '' naanị dị iche ruo na ''= '' nwere ike soro akara nrịbama ma a na-agbakarị akaebe na-esochi nkenke, ebe ''= '' mgbe niile na-ebute akara nrịbama.

The morpheme ''= '' n'aka nke ọzọ a na-eji egosipụta 'X na ndị mmekọ' (associative plural).

=== Ọnụọgụgụ okwu ===
Ọnụọgụ Brokpa site na otu ruo iri bụ: 

Rịba ama na n'okwu maka 10 ma ihe abụọ **' **' bụ ezigbo.

A na-emepụta nọmba Kadịnal site na suffixing ''- '' n'ụdị ordinal, ma ewezuga na 1, nke bụ **' 'mbụ'. A na-emepụta ọnụọgụgụ ugboro ugboro na njikọ njikọ **' 'oge', dị ka **' 'ugboro atọ'. A na-emepụta nkesa site na ịgbakwunye *- * gaa na nọmba kadinal nke emegharịrị. 

A na-emepụta ọnụọgụgụ sitere na 10 ruo 19 site n'ịgbakwunye nọmba kadinal nke ndị ahụ na kadinal **' '10', dị ka egosiri na tebụl na-esonụ. Rịba ama na n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-edobe preradical site na mmalite nke asụsụ, nke a pụrụ ịhụ n'ụdị Tibet Edere .  

Enwere ike ịmepụta ọnụọgụgụ ndị dị elu na decimal ma ọ bụ n'usoro vigesimal nwere okwu ntọala **' 'akara, iri abụọ'.

### okike okike
Brokpa anaghị klaasị aha site na ụtọasụsụ okike mana ọ nwere ike akara okike okike nke animates. Akara okike nwoke na *-  ~-  ~- * na okike nwanyi na *-  ~-  ~ * . A na-agbakwunye morphemes ndị a na mgbọrọgwụ nke aha aha dị ka **' 'deer', '' - '' 'nwoke mgbada, hart', '' - '' 'nwanyi mgbada, doe'. Ụdị morphemes **' na **' nwere ike ime na iche mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka adjective pụtara 'nwoke' na 'nwanyị' n'otu n'otu. 

Ụfọdụ aha na-adịghị ndụ nwere ike were akara okike n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, na-abụkarị okwu uri ma ọ bụ egwu. 

=== O doro anya ===
Akara nkebi ahịrịokwu ndị doro anya na ''=  na Brokpa. '' ''Akara enweghị njedebe na'' =  ~ =  ~ =  '', ebe'' =  na-eso syllable mepere emepe na ''=  ~ = '' soro mkpuruokwu mechiri emechi. 

=== Augmentative & diminutive ===
Enwere ike ịmepụta ihe na-emewanyewanye aha site na itinye morpheme ''- '', nke sitere na **' n'akụkọ ihe mere eme 'nnukwu'. Ọ nwere ike igosi oke ibu, ike karịa na ihe yiri ya. 

A na-emepụta mbelata site na suffixing *-  ~ -  ~- * na aha. N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ụdị ahụ nwere ike isi na okwu ** pụta 'nwa'. A na-ejikarị ya egosi anụmanụ dị obere ma ọ bụ maka mmasị. 

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ nke Bhutan

## Ihe ndetu

## Ntụaka

* Bodt, Timoti. 2012. *Ọhụrụ oriọna na-akọwa akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndị mmadụ, asụsụ na ọdịnala nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Bhutan na ọwụwa anyanwụ Mon.* Wageningen: Monpasang.
* Dondrup, Rinchin, 1993. *Ntuziaka asụsụ Brokeh* . Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Arunachal Pradesh Gọọmenti.
* van Driem, George. 1998. *Dzongkha* . Leiden: Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Nchọpụta CNWS [Asụsụ nke Greater Himalayan Region 1].
* van Driem, George. 2001. *Asụsụ nke Himalaya* (Mpịakọta 2). Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill.
* Funk, Damian. 2020. *phonology izizi nke Brokpa* . Na: Himalayan Linguistics, Vol. 19 (1). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/95m6x4p8
* Funk, Damian/Mittaz, Corinne/Rüfenacht, Sara/Waldis, Sereina. 2020. 'Lexicon Brokpa: Ihe edeturu na mpaghara semantic ahọpụtara'. Na: Himalayan Linguistics, Vol. 19 (1). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xw1r1sj
* Gerber, Pascal/Grollmann, Selin. 2020. *Okwu Mmalite na akụkụ nke Brokpa Grammar* . Na: Himalayan Linguistics, Vol. 19 (1). https://escholarship.org/content/qt56c8w718/qt56c8w718.pdf
* Mittaz, Corinne. 2020. *Ntụle dị mkpirikpi nke klaasị okwu na Brokpa* . Na: Himalayan Linguistics, Vol. 19 (1). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xw1r1sj
* Rüfenacht, Sara. 2020. *Brokpa nominal morphology* . Na: Himalayan Linguistics, Vol. 19 (1). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xw1r1sj
* Rüfenacht, Sara/Waldis, Sereina. 2020. *Akụkụ diachronic na mpaghara mpaghara ụda ụda Brokpa* . Na: Himalayan Linguistics, Vol. 19 (1). https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7xw1r1sj
* Tournadre, Nicolas. 2014. *Asụsụ Tibeti na nhazi ha* . Na: Owen-Smith, Thomas; na Hill, Nathan W. (eds.), Trans-Himalayan linguistics, 105–129. Berlin: De Gruyter [Trends in Linguistics 266].
* Wangdi, Pema. 2021. *A Grammar nke Brokpa: Trans-Himalayan asụsụ nke Bhutan* . Nkà mmụta PhD. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/74264/1/JCU_74264_Wangdi_2021_thesis.pdf

## Njikọ mpụga

* Himalayan Languages Project[usurped]

Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations