Marsden Wagner

**Marsden Wagner** (23 Febụwarị 1930 - 27 Eprel 2014), bụ onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa na-efe efe na California onye jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi nkè ikike in Arabic na eme Ihe ziri ezi ntụziaka oriri ọkụ na esi egosi ahụike nne na nwa maka Ngalaba Ahụike Steeti California, onye nduzi ya na Mahadum Copenhagen-UCLA Health Research Center, na onye nduzi ahụike ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka maka World Health Organization. Ọ bụ onye na-akwado ọrụ ịmụ nwa.

## Ọrụ
A mụrụ Marsden Wagner na 1930 na San Francisco. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum California na Los Angeles, nweta M.D., ọzụzụ pụrụ iche na pediatrics, perinatology (neonatology na obstetrics) na nzere sayensị dị elu na sayensị perinatal. Mgbe ọtụtụ izu okè pụrụ iweta obi site n'ime ụmụ ndị ogbi ka onye isi ndi mádu ziri na ishi na obodo afọ nke ọrụ ahụike oge niile na afọ ụfọdụ dị ka onye otu ngalaba oge niile na UCLA, ọ ghọrọ onye nduzi nke ahụike nne na nwa maka Ngalaba Ahụike nke California State. Mgbe afọ okuku ebute ihe mgbanwe nde ndị na eme Ihe na akpata ọdachi nke dị ka ndị mmadụ aka inwe isii gachara na Denmark dị ka onye nduzi nke Mahadum Copenhagen-UCLA Health Research Center, ọ bụ onye nduzi ahụike ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka maka World Health Organization ruo afọ iri na ise, n'oge ahụ ọ dị ka ndị mmadụ aka ịgụ na onye isi oche nke ọkụ bụ onye isi oche nke nzukọ nkwekọrịta atọ nke WHO kpọrọ maka teknụzụ kwesịrị ekwesị n'oge ọmụmụ. Nnyocha nke 1985 nke WHO nwere nwa ọhụrụ na Europe, nke ọ bụ onyeisi oche nke otu ọrụ, dabere na nzaghachi nyocha sitere na mba 23 nke Europe ma kpughee nnukwu ọdịiche na omume.

N'inwe ahụmịhe dị ukwuu na nlekọta nne na nna na mba ndị mepere emepe, gụnyere ịmụ nwa na iji teknụzụ mee ihe n'oge ime na ọmụmụ, ọ gakwuuru ma kwuo okwu n'ihe karịrị Mba ọzọ ụra mbụ nke ndị na eme ka anyị si egosi 50 ma gbaa akaebe n'ihu US Congress, British Parliament, French National Assembly, Italian Parliament, Russian Parliament na ndị ọzọ.

Wagner bụ onye na-akwado ịmụ nwa n'ụzọ doro anya; n'afọ 1995 o bipụtara otu isiokwu na The *Lancet* na-akọwa "ịchụ nta ndị amoosu zuru ụwa ọnụ" megide ọmụmụ n'ụlọ. N'otu edemede nke afọ 1997 ọ kọwara otú enweghị afọ ojuju ya na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike si malite n'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ ma mee ka ọ gaa n'ihu na-amụ banyere ahụike ọha na eze ma mesịa bụrụ onye na-akwado ndị na-amụ nwa.

## Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara
Akwụkwọ y*a*, n'asụsụ iri na otu dị iche iche, gụnyere akwụkwọ sayensị 131, isi akwụkwọ 20 na akwụkwọ 14, gụnyere Pursuing the Birth Machine (1994), nke a na-ekwu na ọ bụ ya mepụtara ihe nlereanya ọmụmụ mmadụ, na Creating Your Birth Plan (2006) A kọwara Born in the USA (2006) dị ka " mwakpo na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ maka ụkpụrụ nlekọta ọkachamara" na The Women's Review of Books; onye *nyocha* na *JAMA*, ka ọ na-amata ụfọdụ n'ime arụmụka Wagner dị mma, chọtara "ihe na-ezighị ezi na nkwupụta na-eduhie eduhie" na enweghị ihe akaebe siri ike na-atụ aro ga-abụ ihe ngwọta.

## Ntụaka


## Njikọ mpụga

* Marsden Wagner's former homepage at the Wayback Machine (archived August 16, 2007)
* Isiokwu sitere na Marsden Wagner na Midwifery Today
* Ajụjụ ọnụ banyere ''ibi n'ụwa'', March 2007
* Vidio sitere na ihe nkiri 2008 The Business of Being Born, nke Wagner na-ekwu maka Cytotec
* Ajụjụ ọnụ ikpeazụ Wagner, maka Midwifery Today na 2008