Antjie Krog

**Antjie Krog** (amụrụ 23 Ọktoba afo 1952) bụ onye odee na agụmakwụkwọ South Africa, nke a kacha mara amara maka uri Afrikaans, akụkọ ya na Commission Truth and Reconciliation Commission, na akwụkwọ afo 1998 ya *Country of My Skull* . Na afo 2004, o sonyeere ngalaba nka nke Mahadum Western Cape dị ka Prọfesọ pụrụ iche. 
thumb| Antjie Krog (2021)|274x274px
A mụrụ Krog n'ime ezinụlọ ndị odee Afrikaner, ma bụrụ ada nke onye na-ede uri Afrịka, Dot Serfontein. O tolitere na ugbo na Kroonstad, Orange Free State .  Ọrụ agụmagụ ya malitere na afo 1970 mgbe, n'ogo nke afọ apartheid John Vorster, o dere uri mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ akpọrọ "My mooi Land" ("Obodo m mara mma") maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ya. The uri meghere na ahịrị, " *Kyk, ek bou vir my 'n land / waar 'n vel niks tel nie* " ("M na-ewu onwe m obodo ebe akpụkpọ anụ adịghị mkpa").   Ọ kpalitere ọgba aghara n'ime obodo ndị na-asụ Afrịka na-achọghị mgbanwe na a kọkwara ya na mgbasa ozi mba.  E bipụtara mpịakọta mbụ nke Krog, *Dogter van Jefta* (" Ada Jephta "), obere oge ka e mesịrị, ebe Krog ka dị nanị iri na asaa.  Ronnie Kasrils tụgharịrị "My mooi Land" wee bipụta ya na mbipụta Jenụwarị afo 1971 nke *Secheba*, mbipụta gọọmentị nke African National Congress (ANC) na London. A kọrọ na stalwart ANC Ahmed Kathrada gụrụ abụ ahụ n'olu dara ụda mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya na Robben Island .  

Krog nwere BA (Hons) sitere na Mahadum Orange Free State (1976), MA na Afrikaans sitere na Mahadum Pretoria (1983), na diplọma nkuzi sitere na Mahadum South Africa .  

**Afo 1980s: Onye na-ede uri na onye na-eme ihe ike**

N'afọ 1980 na mmalite afo 1990, ya na di ya na ụmụntakịrị nọ na Kroonstad, Krog kụziri na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ojii na kọleji ndị nkuzi. Na Kroonstad, ọ nọ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị - ịga nzukọ na ngagharị iwe ANC - wee tinye aka na Congress of South African Writers, tọrọ ntọala na afo 1987.  Akpọrọ ya ka ọ gụọ uri na nnọkọ "free Mandela " n'ime obodo Maokeng .  Ihe omume ya na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'oge a, na iro ha kpalitere n'etiti ndị ọcha na-achọghị mgbanwe, bụ isiokwu nke ọrụ mbụ ya, *Relaas van 'n moord* (1995; "Account of a Murder"). 

**Afo 1990s: Onye nta akụkọ na ''TRC***

N'afọ 1993, Krog ghọrọ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Africaans current-affairs, *Die Suid-Afrikaan* ("The South Africa").  Site na 1995 ruo 2000, ọ bụ onye nta akụkọ redio na South Africa Broadcasting Corporation (SABC).  Ọ duru ndị otu redio bụ ndị kpuchiri Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) site na afo 1996 ruo afo 1998, na akụkọ ya n'oge a ghọrọ ihe ndabere nke ọrụ prose ya nke abụọ, *Country of My Skull* (1998).  Krog kọrọ n'okpuru aha nwunye ya, Antjie Samuel. 

*'Afo 2000s-ugbu a: Onye edemede, agụmakwụkwọ na ọgụgụ isi ọha**

N'ime afọ iri abụọ gara aga, Krog ebipụtala mpịakọta atọ nke abụ ọhụrụ, akwụkwọ prose anọ na akwụkwọ edemede, na ọtụtụ nsụgharị, gụnyere abụọ sitere na asụsụ ụmụ amaala Afrika. Krog sụgharịkwara akụkọ ndụ [[Nelson Mandela]], ''Long Walk to Freedom'', ka ọ bụrụ Afrikaans.  Ọ na-asụgharị mgbe niile site na Dutch gaa na Afrikaans ka ọ na-ede ihe. 

N'ịgbaso mbipụta nke ''Mba nke okpokoro isi m'', Krog nyere usoro nkuzi gbasara TRC na Europe na [[Njikọ̀taọ̀hà|United Steeti]].  N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọ kuziri nkuzi na ntụgharị asụsụ na Mahadum Columbia University for Comparative Literature and Society.  Ọ bụ onye ode akwụkwọ na Dutch Foundation for Literature na mbido afo 2019, na Mahadum Ghent na afo 2020, yana na Mahadum Leiden n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ afo 2021.   Kemgbe afo 2004, ọ bụbu Prọfesọ pụrụ iche na Mahadum Western Cape na onye otu nyocha na Center for Multilingualism and Diversities Research, ọ na-ebipụta akwụkwọ nkatọ mgbe niile.  

Krog lụrụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ John Samuel.  O nwere ụmụ anọ - Andries, Susan, Philip, na Willem - na ọtụtụ ụmụ ụmụ. 

== Abụ ==
Krog bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ nke amaokwu, ''Dogter van Jefta'' ("Daughta nke Jephta"), na afo 1970. Kemgbe ahụ o bipụtala ọtụtụ mpịakọta ọzọ. Egwu ya na-abụkarị akụkọ ndụ onwe ya, gụnyere ntụgharị uche na ịhụnanya na ọrụ ndị na-ese ihe, na kemgbe afo 1980 na-ekwukarị gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị agbụrụ na okike.   Krog kwuru na nchịkọta nke isii ya, ''Jerusalemgangers'' (1985), bụ onye mbụ nwere "ntọala ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị zuru oke."  Ọ na-edekarị n'amaokwu efu. 



A na-eto abụ Krog nke ọma na South Afrika. Ọ nwetala ihe nrite Hertzog abụọ na ọtụtụ onyinye mba ndị ọzọ. N'ịtụle ''Kleur kom nooit alleen nie'' (2000), Leon de Kock dere, sị, "Ọ na-akpaghasị ikike, ma mmekọahụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ... ọ jụrụ ịkwụsị ịgbalị ikwu olu nke ala."  Na JM Coetzee 's novel ''Diary of a Bad Year'', onye isi agwa na-ekwu ihe ndị a nke Krog:<blockquote>Isiokwu ya bụ nnukwu: ahụmahụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na South Africa nke ndụ ya. Ike ya dị ka onye na-ede uri etoola n'ịzaghachi ihe ịma aka ahụ, na-ajụ ịbụ onye a na-anụ ọkụ n'obi. Ezi ezi obi kwadoro site na nnukwu ọgụgụ isi nwanyị, na ahụmihe na-agbawa obi ị nweta. . . Ọ dịghị onye ọ bụla nọ n'Australia na-ede ihe n'ụdị ọkụ na-acha ọcha. Ihe omume Antjie Krog na-amasị m dị ka onye Russia. Na South Africa, dị ka ọ dị na Russia, ndụ nwere ike ịdị njọ; ma lee ka mmụọ obi ike si amali ịza! </blockquote>Asụgharịla abụ ya n'asụsụ Bekee, Dutch, French na ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ.  E bipụtara ya na bekee na ''Down to My Last Skin'' (2000), nke oge a Krog enwetalarị ọtụtụ ihe nrite akwụkwọ edemede South Africa ama ama.

== Prose na ndị na-abụghị akụkọ ifo ==
A maara ya nke ọma maka akwụkwọ ya ''Country of Skull'' (1998), nke dabere na ahụmahụ ya na-akọ na TRC. Ọ nwere ihe dị iche iche nke memoir na akwụkwọ akụkọ, ma emesịa mee ihe nkiri na 2004 ihe nkiri nke Samuel L. Jackson na Juliette Binoche . ''A Change of Tongue'' (2003), Krog's second work of prose in English, na-atụgharị uche na ọganihu e nwetara - ma na South Africa ma na ndụ Krog - ebe ọ bụ na ntuli aka mbụ nke onye kwuo uche ya na 1994 .  Ngwakọta akụkọ ifo, uri, na akụkọ n'oge gara aga, ọ na-eji akụkọ nke ndị ọzọ wee detuo mgba maka njirimara, eziokwu na nzọpụta. Aha akwụkwọ ahụ nwere nkọwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke nzuzo: mbelata ọrụ Afrikaans na okwu ọha na-egosipụta na mgbapụ nke ya na Bekee dị ka asụsụ asụsụ nke ọrụ ya. N'ịkọwa nzukọ ndị ya na Mandela nwere mgbe ọ na-asụgharị akwụkwọ akụkọ ndụ ya n'asụsụ Afrikaans, ọ na-atụgharị uche na mmekọrịta ya na asụsụ Afrikaans, bụ nke na-ejikọta ya na Apartheid . ''Ịrịọ ịbụ onye ojii'' (2009) nwere ụdị yiri ya na ihe gbasara isiokwu yiri nke Krog na mbụ prose na bekee, onye mbipụta ya na-akpọsa ya dị ka nke atọ na trilogy na-akwadoghị. 

''E nwere ewu a: Inyocha akaebe eziokwu Commission nke Notrose Nobomvu Konile'' (2009) bụ ọrụ nke agụmakwụkwọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo, jikọtara ya na Nosisi Mpolweni na Kopano Ratele. Akwụkwọ a na-agbaso mgbalị ndị edemede na-eme iji mee ka echiche nke ahụmahụ nke otu nwanyị na-alụbeghị di, onye akaebe TRC banyere ọnwụ nwa ya nwoke, nke e nyere na Xhosa, dị ka ihe dị ịtụnanya na nke na-apụghị ịghọta aghọta ndị na-ege ntị na nkọwa Bekee. 

A na-emetụta prose Krog site na ederede JM Coetzee na Njabulo Ndebele, yana ọrụ dị iche iche a sụgharịrị site na asụsụ ụmụ amaala Africa, bụ ndị ọnụ na-ekwu "azọpụta [ya] ndụ":<blockquote>Ihe odide ndị Africa nyere m ohere ịnweta echiche ụwa nke m na-ebi ndụ na ndụ m niile, ma amaghị m nke ọma (oke omimi ya, omimi na ịma mma), ebe Coetzee nyere m ngwá ọrụ iji mee nkọwa ndị bara uru na ya. </blockquote>

== Mgbanwe egwuregwu na ihe nkiri ==
Naanị egwu egwu Krog, ''Waarom bụ dié wat voor toyi-toyi altyd so vet?'' ("Gịnị mere ndị toyi-toyi n'ihu ji na-abụ abụ mgbe niile?") Emere na 1999, na-emeghe na Aardklop Arts Festival.  Ọ bụ Marthanus Basson duziri egwuregwu a. Na 1999/2000 FNB Vita Regional Theatre Awards (Bloemfontein), a họpụtara mmepụta ahụ maka nrite asaa, gụnyere Mmepụta Kachasị Mma na Ederede Kachasị Mma nke Egwuregwu South Africa ọhụrụ.  N'okwu Krog, egwuregwu ahụ bụ maka "mbọ nke agbụrụ abụọ iji banye na mkparịta ụka." 

Nsụgharị nke Krog's Afrikaans nke ''Mamma Medea'' nke Tom Lanoye bụ nke emere na South Africa na 2002, bụkwakwa n'okpuru ntụzịaka Basson.  ''<nowiki/>'n Ander tongval'', nsụgharị Afrikaans nke akwụkwọ ya ''A Change of Tongue,'' bụ Saartjie Botha kwadoro maka ihe nkiri ahụ ma mee na 2008 n'okpuru nduzi nke Jaco Bouwer. 

== Ebubo mpụ ==
Na 2006, onye na-ede uri Stephen Watson, bụ onye isi nke ngalaba Bekee na Mahadum Cape Town, boro Krog ebubo plagiarism . N'ịbụ onye na-ede na nyocha akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-akpọ ''New Contrast'', o kwuru na ''mba nke nkà m'' jiri ahịrịokwu sitere na edemede Ted Hughes nke 1976, "Ụgha na Mmụta." Watson kwukwara na echiche nke ''Die sterre sê 'tsau','' nhọrọ 2004 nke uri ụmụ amaala haziri na nke Krog sụgharịrị, agbapụla ya na nchịkọta yiri nke ahụ o bipụtara na 1991.  Krog gọnarị ebubo ahụ, na-ekwu na ya amabeghị ihe edemede Hughes ruo mgbe o bipụtachara ''Mba nke Okpokoro M'', na o kwupụtakwara isi mmalite ya na ''Die sterre sê 'tsau** . 

## Na-arụ ọrụ

### Abụ

* *Dogter van Jefta* (1970)
* *January-suite* (1972)
* *Beminde Antarktika* (1974)
* *Mannin* (1974)
* *Otters na Bronslaai* (1981)
* *Jerusalemgangers* (1985)
* *Lady Anne* (1989; ntụgharị asụsụ Bekee: *Lady Anne: A Chronicle na Verse*, 2017)
* *Gedigte 1989–1995* (1995)
* *Kleur kom nooit alleen nie* (2000)
* *Verweerskrif* (2005; ntụgharị asụsụ Bekee: *Body Bereft,* 2006) 
* *Mede-wete* (2014; ntụgharị asụsụ Bekee: *Synapse*, 2014)

**Egwu anakọtara**

* *Eerste gedigte* (2004)
* *Digter wordende: 'n keur* (2009), nke Krog chịkọtara
* *<nowiki/>'n Vry vrou* (2020), nke Karen de Wet chịkọtara

**Abụ ahọpụtara na ntụgharị asụsụ bekee**

* *gbadaa ruo akpụkpọ ikpeazụ m* (2000)
* *Akpụkpọ anụ* (2013)

**Abụ maka ụmụaka**

* *Mankepank na nnukwu anụ mmiri* (1989)
* *Voëls van anderster vere* (1992)
* *Fynbosfeetjies* (2007; ntụgharị asụsụ Bekee: *Fynbos Fairies* ), ya na Fiona Moodie 

### Akụkọ gbasara uri

* *Die trek die dye aan* (1998), nchịkọta uri Afrikaans na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, nke ya na Johann de Lange deziri
* *Met woorde soos met kerse* (2002), nhọrọ uri n'asụsụ ụmụ amaala South Africa, nke Krog haziri ma tụgharịa gaa n'asụsụ Afrikaans.
* *Die sterre sê 'tsau*' (2004), nhọrọ nke uri 35 San, nke Krog haziri ma tụgharịa gaa n'asụsụ Afrikaans.

### Prose na ndị na-abụghị akụkọ ifo

* *Relaas van 'n moord* (1995; ntụgharị asụsụ Bekee: *Akaụntụ nke igbu ọchụ*, 1997)
* *Obodo Okpokoro Isi m* (1998)
* *Mgbanwe nke Asụsụ* (2003)
* *Arịrịọ ịbụ onye ojii* (2009)
* *E nwere ewu a: Inyocha akaebe eziokwu Commission nke Notrose Nobomvu Konile* (2009), ya na Nosisi Mpolweni na Kopano Ratele 
* *Ọnọdụ Ọnọdụ: Ebe nchekwa na Okwu mgbe South Africa Truth and Reconciliation Commission* (2013) gasịrị

### Ụlọ ihe nkiri

* *Waarom bụ dié wat voor toyi-toyi altyd so vet?* (1999)

### Ntụgharị asụsụ

* *Lang pad na vryheid* (2000), site na English *Long Walk to Freedom* nke Nelson Mandela dere
* *Domein van glas* (2002), sitere na akụkọ Dutch *Een Mond vol Glas* nke Henk van Woerden dere .
* *Mamma Medea* (2002), sitere na Dutch/Flemish egwu *Mamma Medea* nke Tom Lanoye .
* *Black Butterflies: Abụ ahọpụtara* (2007), ya na André Brink, sitere na uri Afrikaans nke Ingrid Jonker
* *Die Maanling* (2021), sitere na akwụkwọ ụmụaka Bekee *The Moonling* (2018) nke Tjaart Lehmacher na Paula Oelofsen 

## Ihe nrite
**Abụ**

* Eugene Marais Prize (1973), maka *Januarie-suite* 
* Reina Prinsen Geerligs Prize (1976)
* Nrite akụkọ (1987), maka *Jerusalemgangers* 
* Hertzog Prize (1990), maka *Lady Anne* 
* FNB Vita Poetry Award (2000), maka *ala ruo na akpụkpọ ikpeazụ m* 
* RAU-Prys vir Skeppende Skryfwerk (2001), maka *Kleur kom nooit alleen nie* 
* Ihe nrite Protea maka uri Afrikaans kacha mma (2006), maka *Verweerskrif* 
* Elisabeth Eybers Prize (2015), maka *Mede-wete* 
* Hertzog Prize (2017), maka *Mede-wete* 

**Prose**

* Ihe nrite Alan Paton maka akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo (1999), maka *obodo nke okpokoro isi m* 
* Nielsen Booksellers Choice Award (1999), maka *obodo nke okpokoro isi m* 
* Olive Schreiner Prize (2000), maka *obodo nke okpokoro isi m* 
* Nielsen Booksellers Choice Award (2004), maka *mgbanwe ire* 

**Ntụgharị asụsụ**

* Award Institutelọ Ọrụ Ndị Ntụgharị asụsụ South Africa maka ntụgharị pụtara pụtara ìhè (2001-3), maka *Met woorde soos met kerse* 

**Ndi oru nta akuko**

* Award Association of Conrespondents' Association Award (1996)
* Pringle Medal maka ọrụ pụtara ìhè na akwụkwọ akụkọ South Africa (1997)

Ekesara ihe nrite akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ a n'etiti ndị otu mkpesa TRC nke SABC. 

**Mmezu nke ndụ**

* Hiroshima Peace Culture Foundation Award (2000)  
* Klein Karoo Nasionale Kunstefees Afrikaans Onbeperk Award maka echiche ọhụrụ (2004) 
* Central European University Open Society Prize (2005) 
* Ihe nrite mmeri ndụ SALA (2015) 
* Gouden Ganzenveer (2018) 
Krog has also been awarded honorary doctorates from the Tavistock Clinic at the University of East London, the University of Stellenbosch, the University of the Free State, and Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University.

## Edensibia

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ
**Ndị Afrịka:**

* Conradie, Pieter. *Geslagtelikheid na anwụ Antjie Krog-teks.* Elserivier: Nasionale Handelsdrukkery, 1996. ISBN 0620207191
* Van Niekerk, Jacomien. *<nowiki/>'Baie worde': identiteit en transformasie nke Antjie Krog.* Pretoria: Van Schaik, 2016. ISBN 0627035302
* Viljoen, Louise. *Ọ bụ ezie na: beskouings ma ọ bụ anwụ ọrụ van Antjie Krog.* Stellenbosch: Sun Press, 2009. ISBN 1920109986

**Bekee:**

* Beukes, Marthanus. "Ọmụmụ 'nwanyị ọhụrụ': Antjie Krog na gynogenesis dị ka okwu nke ike". N'ime *Onwe Mgbanwe: Essays Post-Apartheid na Mass Media, Culture and Identity* (ed. Herman Wasserman & Sean Jacobs), 167–180. Cape Town: Kwela, 2003. ISBN 0795701640
* Brown, David & Krog, Antjie. " Creative non-fiction: a mkparịta ụka " (ajụjụ ọnụ). Edemede *ugbu a* 23 (1): 57-70, 2011. DOI:10.1080/1013929X.2011.572345
* Garman, Anthea. *Antjie Krog na Ọhaneze Post-Apartheid: Na-ekwu uri na Ike.* Pietermaritzburg: Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal Press, 2015. ISBN 9781869142933
* Krog, Antjie. " Mụ onwe m, mụ onwe m, nke m!" : Akụkọ gbasara akụkọ ndụ na 'M' . *Nyocha ụlọ akwụkwọ Bekee* 22: 100-107, 2005. DOI: 10.1080/10131750485310111
* Lütge, Judith & Coullie, Andries Visagie (ed. ). *Antjie Krog: ụkpụrụ omume nke ahụ na ndị ọzọ.* Pietermaritzburg: Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal Press, 2014. ISBN 1869142535
* McDonald, Peter D. "Ewezuga ntụgharị asụsụ: Antjie Krog vs. 'asụsụ nne'". Na *Artefacts of Writing: Echiche nke steeti na obodo nke akwụkwọ ozi sitere na Matthew Arnold ruo Xu Bing.* Oxford: Mahadum Mahadum Oxford, 2017. ISBN 9780198725152
* Strauss, Helene. " Site na Afrikaner ruo Africa: ọcha na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke nsụgharị na Antjie Krog's ''A Change of Tongue'' ". *African Identities* 4 (2): 179-194, 2006. DOI: 10.1080/14725840600761112
* Viljoen, Louise. " Nne dị ka ederede tupu oge: (auto) ederede biographical na Antjie Krog's ''A Change of Tongue'' ". Edemede *ugbu a* 19 (2): 187-209, 2007. DOI: 10.1080/1013929X.2007.9678280
* Viljoen, Louise. " Ntụgharị asụsụ na ngbanwe: ntụgharị asụsụ Antjie Krog nke amaokwu South Africa n'ime Africaans ". *Nyocha2* 11 (1): 32-45, 2006 . DOI: 10.1080/18125441.2006.9684200
* West, Mary. "The metamorphosis nke naanị / mkpụrụ obi: shades nke ọcha na Antjie Krog's *A Change of Tongue* ". N'ime *ụmụ nwanyị ọcha na-ede ọcha: njirimara na nnochite anya na (Post-) Akwụkwọ Apartheid nke South Africa.* Cape Town: Akwụkwọ ọhụrụ Africa, 2012. ISBN 0864867158
* Wicomb, Zoë . "Ede ederede Afrikaner ise na nhazigharị nke ọcha". *Ọha mmadụ* 23 (1): 363-383, 1998

## Njikọ mpụga

* Vidiyo nke mmemme telivishọn nke gosipụtara Krog
* "Mgbaghara nke Africa - ọkaibe maka ọdịda anyanwụ" (okwu mmeghe maka 2004 Berlin International Literature Festival)
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations