open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
ICS Africa

**ICS SP** bụ ọgbakọ ọha mmadụ.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
E hiwere ICS Africa na 1980 ma bu n'obi hụ na nchekwa na ọdịmma ụmụaka niile nọ n'Africa. 

### 2004: Aha na isi ụlọ ọrụ mgbanwe
ICS kwagara isi ụlọ ọrụ ya na Nunspeet na 2004, na-agbanwekwa aha ya site na "Ego Nkwado Ndị Kraịst Mba Nile" gaa na "Nkwado ụmụaka mba ụwa". Okwu ahụ bụ 'Kraịst' pụtara na ICS na-akwado naanị Ndị Kraịst, megidere ebumnuche ICS nke ịkwado ndị ọ na-enweghị ka ọ hà ha n'agbanyeghị nkwenye.

### 2011: Aha na Logo Change
ICS na-agbanwe akara ngosi ha na aha ya ka ọ bụrụ "itinye ego n'ime ụmụaka na ọha ha" (ICS SP).

## Ihe oru ngo

# **Nafics**  - Nafics Ltd bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-azụ ahịa ọka na Kenya. Ọ na-achọ ịtụgharị uru mgbe ị na-akwado ụdọ ọkọnọ nke Western Kenya, kpọmkwem na Busia na Kakamega.
# **Skillful Parenting Project (Africa)**  - ICS SP na-arụ ọrụ na ndị nne na nna na ebumnuche nke igbochi mmetọ ụmụaka, nleghara anya, na nkesa ezinụlọ.
# **Agribusiness (Kenya)**  - ICS SP na-enye ntinye aka ugbo na ọnọdụ mgbanwe iji hụ na a na-akụ ihe n'oge, iji teknụzụ ugbo ọgbara ọhụrụ, na ụbara owuwe ihe ubi. Ọrụ agribusiness bụ akụkụ nke mmemme ISEC (Investing in Social and Economic Change) na Western Kenya, nke na-achọ ịkwalite ego na nchekwa nri maka ezinụlọ.
# **Agribusiness (Tanzania)**  - ICS na-emejuputa mmemme agribusiness yiri nke ahụ na Meatu, Tanzania iji kwalite mmepụta ọka na sunflower.
# **Mmemme ndị ọchụnta ego na-eto eto (YEP)**   - ICS SP na-ezube ịkwalite ọrụ onwe ya na Meatu, Tanzania site na ụlọ akwụkwọ ICS Academy, na-azụ ndị ntorobịa n'ọrụ ugbo, ICT, ma ọ bụ ígwè ọrụ, yana inye mmemme mmepe azụmahịa.
# **Ọrụ mmiri** - ICS SP bu n'obi ịlụso oke ụkọ mmiri ọgụ na Meatu, Tanzania.

## Ebe

### ICS SP Nairobi
Isi ụlọ ọrụ ICS SP dị na Westland, n'etiti Park Inn site na Radisson na ụlọ KESRA na Nairobi, Kenya. 

## Edensibia
Mgbalị Maka Mmepe Ụwa

**Omume maka mmepe ụwa bụ mmemme interdenominational Australia iji kwalite ụwa .**

Ọ malitere na nguzobe nke **Joint Secretariat for World Development**, bụ nke hibere ma na-eme usoro ọmụmụ ihe na 1972.  N'ikpeazụ, e hiwere otu na-anakọta ego, Force 10, iji leta anya n'ịkwado mmemme ndị dị ugbu a kama. ịmegharị ha. Force 10 mechara sonye na dị ugbu a Community Aid Abroad (CAA) (nke bụbu Mgbasa Ozi Nri maka Udo na ugbu a Oxfam Australia ).

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* https://web.archive.org/web/20231029113333/http://www.wkfl.asn.au/religioused/social_justice.htm
* https://web.archive.org/web/20190703211448/http://www.awd.org.au/
Ụlọ Ọgwụ nke Ndị Nsọ Na-enweghị Ihe Ọha

.Ụlọ ọgwụ nke Holy Innocents, ma ọ bụ Melandry bụ ụlọ ọgwụ ekpenta na South Park nkịtị na Lincoln, England.  E hiwere ya na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 11 ma ọ bụ mmalite narị afọ nke 12 ma ọ bụ site n'aka Bishọp Remigius ma ọ bụ Henry I. Ọ nwere ike bụrụ ụlọ ọgwụ ekpenta mbụ e hiwere na England.  Na 1422, e nyere njikọ nke Burton Lazars ụlọ ọgwụ nke Ndị Innocent dị Nsọ.[1]  N'oge mgbasa nke ebe obibi ndị mọnk, ụlọ ọgwụ, yana ụlọ ọgwụ Burton Lazars bụ William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley zụrụ.

## Ọnụ ego Lincoln Melandry nke Henry I
Ná noko nke 1972, a na-ehira otu ugboro ego pennies nke Henry m n'oge a na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ n'ime oge nke Melandry.  A mpekere nke mmetụta nke ego 744 na-ama, bụ ndị n'oge ahụ, nnukwu ego nke mkpa ego Henry I. Ihe atụ nke ịhụnanya nke Henry I, bụ́ ndị na-eme ihe na-enweghị mma, ọtụtụ ihe.  atụ ndị na-ahụ ahụkebe sitere na oge ikpeazụ nke Henry I. eze.  Achọpụtara ego ole na ole na mbụ nwata ya na Lincoln City and County Museum na ụbọchị ole na ole ka e gosiri, ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị a na-akwakọba na-esi n'ikiri ebe ntọala ahụ wụpụ, ma e  nwere ihe àmà na-egosi na a na-eji akara ma ọ bụ akwa akara kechie oghere ahụ.  akpa.  Adịra njikere ego ndị ọzọ n'ihe ngosi nka nke ụlọ ihe ngosi nka na Lincoln Archaeological Trust.  [1] N'ịgbaso ike ihe dị oké ọnụ ahịa, nke e mere na Lincoln Stonebow na Guildhall, e kewara ego ahụ n'etiti ndị egwuregwu ihe nkiri City na County, bụ ndị e nyere 470 agha ego, na British Museum nke ike  .  Ndị dike ihe ngosi nka nke Britain bụ ibipụta hoard ahụ, mana nke a emepụtara [2] mana achịkọta ndepụta nke ego na City and County Museum (ugbu a mkpokọta

## Ntụaka

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Cookson Dr. WD (1843) *Na Ụlọ Ọgwụ nke Ndị Nsọ Innocent nke Lincoln, nke a na-akpọ Melandry, na ụfọdụ akụkọ banyere ekpenta na Middle Ages.* , na *Nhọrọ nke Akwụkwọ ndị metụtara Mpaghara Lincoln gụpụtara n'ihu Lincolnshire Topographical Society* 1841,1842. pp.&nbsp;67–90, W&B Brooke, High Street, Lincoln.
* Nwanna nwanyị Elspeth (1906) na Page, William, (ed). *Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mpaghara Lincoln Mpịakọta 2.* *Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Victoria County* . pp.&nbsp;230–213 *Ụlọ ọgwụ nke Ndị Akaụntụ Dị Nsọ na-enweghị Lincoln* .
Òtù:Aha
Ụlọ Ọgwụ nke Chineke

thumb| Ụlọ ọgwụ nke Chineke
Ndị dike nke Chukwu, Greatham, County Durham, bụ onye bishọp Durham mgbe ahụ, Robert de Stichell hiwere na 1273. [1] Na mbụ, ọ bụ ntọala iji nyere ndị ogbenye aka.  Ka ọ na-erule awụ nke iri na isii, a na-eji ntọala ahụ eme ihe dị ka "ịhụ maka ndị ama ama" ma ejighị nke ọma maka inyere ndị ogbenye aka.  Mgbe 1610 omume, e nwere ikike, ma maliteghachi ozi mbụ ya.

Ọ na-arụ ụlọ ọrụ ụbọchị na ọrụ ụlọ maka ndị ọrịa, ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere ikike, na Greatham, Horden, Seaham na Wheatley Hill

 Ndị egwu Redcar Sword Dancer na-eme na mpụga ụlọ ọgwụ kwa afọ kemgbe 1967

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Ụlọ Ọgwụ nke St John the Baptist, High Wycombe

Hospitallọ ọgwụ St John the Baptist bụ ụlọ ọgwụ dị na High Wycombe na Buckinghamshire, England n'etiti 1180 na 1548. Ọ dị n'okporo ụzọ isi si Oxford gaa London (nke bụ ugbu a A40) n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke etiti obodo.

## Ụlọ ọgwụ
.Na afã nke 12, a na-eji ụlọ ọgwụ eme ihe dị ka ụlọ ọrụ ebere maka ndị ogbenye ma ọ bụ ndị na-adịghị ike ike

Ndị ụka nkata ụlọ ọgwụ St John Baptist.  Edekọghị ụbọchị ntọala, mana isi obodo ndị dị ndụ na-atụ aro ụbọchị na 1170s ma ọ bụ 80s.  Ma anya anya, onye nke ya bụ Adam Walder, dịka nacha nke 1245, e dekọrọ na njikọ nwoke na ịhụnanya nke ụlọ ahụ ga-ekpe ekpere maka ekpere obi ya.

Ọ bụ Nna-ukwu (nke na- elele onye mọnk ma ọ bụ onye onye ọzọ) na obere njikọ (ndị òtù ụmụnna ndị ọzọ) bụ́ ndị na-elekọta ndị na-ahụkwute ha maka akwụkwọ, na-elekọta ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ.  Edebere akwa awụ ọzọ n ọgwụ maka ndị ogbenye ma ọ bụ ndị na-ahụ maka ọrịa na-agafe n'okporo ụzọ ma ọ bụ London ma ọ bụ Oxford.  Nna-ukwu kacha mara amara bụ Nwanna Gilbert onye, ​​na 1236, degaara Pope Gregory nke Itoolu na Rom akwụkwọ ka e nye ya ikike iguzobe ụlọ ekpere a raara nye St Jọn Baptist n’ ọgwụ.  Enyere ikike a site n'iwu Papal na 1239 na ụlọ ụka wuru obere oge.  A maghị ma ụlọ ahụ weere aha St John Baptist n'oge a, ma ọ bụ na ọ na-ekela nraranye ahụ.

ọgwụ ahụ gara n'ihu ruo mgbe e bibiri ebe obibi ndụ ndị mọnk n'etiti mbụ awụ nke 16 mgbe Eze Henry nke Asaatọ weghaara ihe mmetụta nke ndị egwuregwu .  N'ịbụ nke ihe nke Eze site n'oge ahụ n'iche ihe mere eme, ụlọ ọgwụ ịgbasiri ike ịlanarị ma mechiri na 1548. Nna-ukwu ikpeazụ e dekọrọ edekọ bụ Charles Chalfont, onye na-elekọta ụlọ ọgwụ site na  1541 ruo 1548

## Ụlọ akwụkwọ
.N'afọ 1550, onye isi obodo na ndị na-ahụ maka obodo ahụ bụ ndị ree ụlọ akwụkwọ ụlọ nke ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ.  akwụkwọ ahụ na-ewere ụmụ nwoke site na ndenye aha ma zọọ ha n'ihe ọ bụ nwunye dịka ịgụ akwụkwọ, ide ihe, iru na na oge ochie.  Ọtụtụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ụmụ niile gara ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ gara mahadum, na-egosi na Oxford .  N'afọ 1562, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ akwụkwọ ikike eze n'aka Queen Elizabeth .  Site n'oge ahụ gaa n'ihu, a na-akpọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ (ma ka a na-akpọkwa) Royal Grammar School

## Ihe ncheta mba
.A kwaturu nke ụlọ ụlọ ọgwụ mbụ ahụ na 1767 iji wepụta ụzọ maka ịgbasawanye okporo ụzọ ahụ ka e wee guzobe ya dị ka ntụgharị ntụgharị .  E kwatuola ikike nke ụlọ ahụ ahụ n'oge a, ụlọ ahụ ahụ wee dị iche site na mita iri na ise ruo ihe dị ka mita iri na abụọ.  N'oge a na-akwatu ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ụlọ ndị ike ka a kwaturu, ma ụfọdụ nke ụlọ ahụ ka guzoro.  Nke a na-agụnye dị n'ebe ugwu na ogidi ise nke ụlọ ahụ nwere oghere anọ na-egosi ihe ngosi mma nke mbụ apụ nke 12 na ngwaọrụ ụlọ dị n'ebe ugwu nwere windo okpukpu abụọ nke ọkara site na  afọ afọ – .  Mkpọmkpọ ebe ndị a ka dị taa

.N'afọ 1993, a na-akpọ mkpọmkpọ ebe ahụ ka ọ bụrụ na-achọta mba Bekee site na English Heritage .  Taa, a na-elekọta ha nke ọma ma na-enwu gbaa n'ịbụ nke ahụ na-eme ka ha ha ama n'ahụ ihe.

## Ihe ndetu

*   This name is recorded on the plaque that stands outside the hospital ruin. Others record this person as William Chalfont.  Others record this person as Christopher Chalfont.

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Nlekọta maka Africa

,

**Nlekọta maka Africa** debanyere aha dị ka Peter Hewitt Care for Africa Foundation,  bụ ụlọ ọrụ Australia na- abụghị nke gọọmentị na-ahụ maka enyemaka mba ụwa na mpaghara Tarime na mpaghara Mara nke Tanzania .

Edebanye aha nzukọ a na Australian Council for International Development (ACFID)  na Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission (ACNC). 

E hiwere nlekọta maka Africa na 2007 site na otu ndị nọọsụ mberede na ụlọ ọgwụ Launceston General gụnyere nọọsụ mberede na CEO Diana Butler OAM  na onye nwụrụ anwụ Dr Peter Hewitt,  na mbụ na nzaghachi maka mkpa ọgwụ, dị ka. nke 2021 nzukọ ahụ na-enye mmemme na mmiri, ahụike, agụmakwụkwọ na ụlọ ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze.

Nzukọ a mejupụtara bọọdụ ndị isi afọ ofufo, otu ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo na Australia na ndị ọrụ akwụ ụgwọ na Tanzania. 

Ntọala ahụ esonyela n'ọtụtụ ọrụ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ ndị kasị daa ogbenye na sub sahara Africa- Tarime na mpaghara Mara nke Tanzania . Achọpụtala ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na mpaghara ndị a, gụnyere ntinye nke ọma nke ọtụtụ olulu mmiri n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, usoro ịweta mmiri, iwu ụlọ ebe a na-edebe ihe ọcha, mmemme ịsa aka n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị dị n'ime ime obodo na-eji ncha (nke ụlọ ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ n'ime obodo). ) na tippy taps, ụlọ ọgwụ ahụike ụlọ akwụkwọ ime obodo kwa afọ, mmemme nri ụtụtụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, nkwado ụmụaka na-adịghị ike, agụmakwụkwọ ndị nkuzi, mmemme ụlọ ọrụ na agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye na inye ụmụ nwanyị ike.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị nlekọta maka Africa
Kansụl Australia maka Mmepe Mba Nile

**Council Australian For International Development** ( **ACFID** ) bụ otu mba nọọrọ onwe ya nke ndị otu na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị Australia (NGO) na-arụ ọrụ na ngalaba enyemaka na mmepe mba ụwa. E hiwere ACFID na 1965, ya na Syd Einfeld dị ka Onye isi oche,  ma nwee ndị otu 130 na-arụ ọrụ na mba 90 na-emepe emepe yana ihe karịrị nde 1.5 ndị Australia kwadoro. Ọ na-akwado maka ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka na-abụghị nke gọọmentị, yana enyemaka mmepe gọọmentị Australia.    

ACFID bụbu onye a maara dị ka ACFOA (Kansụl Australian For Overseas Aid). ACFID dabere na Canberra, Australia.

**Usoro omume ACFID** bụ afọ ofufo, Usoro ụlọ ọrụ na-achịkwa onwe ya maka otu mmepe mba ụwa. Ewepụtara ya na 1998 site n'aka Gọvanọ General Sir William Deane, ọ na-anọchi anya ntinye aka nke ndị debanyere aha ya n'ụkpụrụ dị elu nke iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe na ịza ajụjụ.

Usoro omume ACFID na-akọwa ụkpụrụ omume kachasị mma maka òtù mmepe mba ụwa n'ihe gbasara iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nhazi, ọchịchị, nkwurịta okwu na ọha na eze, ego na ndị ọrụ na njikwa.

## Ọhụụ
Iji kwalite ọnọdụ nke mmepe mmadụ na-adịgide adịgide nke ndị mmadụ na-enwe ike ịnụ ụtọ oke ikike mmadụ, mezuo mkpa ha na-enweghị ịda ogbenye, na-ebi ndụ n'ụzọ dị ùgwù. 

## Ndị otu ACFID
Edepụtara otu ndị a dị ka ndị otu ACFID zuru oke dịka nke Disemba 2012.
 
thumb|401x401px| * Nke a bụ ihe kacha mma

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* http://www.acfid.asn.au
* http://www.acfid.asn.au/code-of-conduct
Mgbasa Ozi Nnwere Onwe Australia Site na Agụụ

**Nnwere onwe n'Australia si Mgbasa Ozi Agụụ** (AFFHC) bụ ọrụ ebere n'Australia iji kwalite mmata gbasara ịda ogbenye na agụụ na Australia. Tọrọ ntọala na 1961, ọ jikọtara ya na Community Aid Abroad na 1992 (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Oxfam Australia ). 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Emere nzukọ AFFHC nke mbụ ka ewepụtara na 1960 nke mkpọsa afọ ise nke United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, Freedom from Hunger. 

## Ihe omume
Ọrụ ndị AFFHC mere gụnyere arịrịọ maka India (1966), East Timor (1975), Kampuchea (1981), na arịrịọ enyemaka ụnwụ maka Etiopia, Tigray na Eritrea (1985).

Na June 1971, ọ malitere mkpọsa igwu olulu mmiri ọhụrụ 6,000 n'ógbè ndị kpọrọ nkụ nke India. 

Na 1972, AFFHC malitere inye ndị otu ndị Aboriginal ego gụnyere Association Advancement Association na Ọrụ Ahụike Aboriginal . Na mmalite 1980s hụrụ AFFHC na-abawanye nkwado ya maka okwu na mmemme nke ụmụ amaala, na-enye onyinye maka ụlọ akwụkwọ Yipirinya na Northern Territory, mkpọsa na-akpọku Gọọmenti Queensland ka ọ kagbuo Iwu Aborigines na Torres Straits Islanders nke 1971 na nkwado maka ndị kansụl ala ndị Aboriginal. . 

## Ihe ndetu

## Hụkwa
 

## Edensibia
Ọbá akwụkwọ mba Australia [webụsaịtị] http://nla.gov.au/nla.ms-ms4529 (7 Dec 2005)

## Njikọ mpụga
mmalite 1980s hụrụ AFFHC na-abawanye nkwado ya maka okwu na mmemme nke ụmụ amaala, na-enye onyinye maka ụlọ

* Oxfam Australia https://web.archive.org/web/20051201223039/http://www.oxfam.org.au/about/longhistory.html
Ìgwè Adara

**Otu Adara** (nke bụbu **ISIS Group** ) bụ mmekorita n'etiti otu mmepe mmepe mba ụwa **Adara Development** (nke bụbu **ISIS Foundation** ) na azụmaahịa ndụmọdụ ụlọ ọrụ abụọ **Adara Advisors Pty.** **Limited** (nke bụbu **ISIS Asia Pacific** ) na **Adara Partners (Australia) Pty Limited** . Otu Adara lekwasịrị anya n'ịkwalite ahụike na agụmakwụkwọ maka ndị bi na ịda ogbenye. E hiwere nzukọ a na Bermuda na 1998 site na nwanyị ọchụnta ego mụrụ New Zealand bụ Audette Exel .

## Aha
A na-akpọ nzukọ ahụ na mbụ ISIS Group, mgbe Isis, chi nwanyị Ijipt nke ụmụaka na ịbụ nne.  Na 2014, n'ihi ihe ndị dị na mpụga, ISIS Group gbanwere aha ya na Adara Group. 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Audette Exel na obere ndị enyi hiwere otu Adara Group na 1998 na Bermuda.  N'oge na-adịghị ka e guzobere, Adara Development malitere ime nchọpụta mmepe na Humla, Nepal, ma kwalitekwa njikọ na Ụlọ Ọgwụ Kiwoko na Luwero Triangle, Uganda. 

## Adara ọrụ
Ọrụ Adara Development na-elekwasị anya na ibelata ịda ogbenye site na ọrụ ahụike na agụmakwụkwọ. Ha na ndị obodo ime obodo na Nepal na Uganda na-arụkọ ọrụ.  Kemgbe ntọala ha, Adara na-arụ ọrụ na enyemaka ọdachi mgbe 2015 Nepal ala ọma jijiji,  na-arụ ọrụ na ụmụaka ndị a na-ere ahịa na Nepal  ma guzobe ngalaba ụmụ ọhụrụ maka ụmụ ọhụrụ akabeghị aka na Uganda. 

Adara Development malitere mmekorita ya na ndị NGO obodo Nepalese, dị ka The Himalayan Innovative Society. Ya na Himalayan Children Society na-arụkọkwa ọrụ. 

## Hụkwa

* Hospitallọ ọgwụ Kiwoko
* maara azụmahịa

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* https://web.archive.org/web/20130806033813/http://www.isisgroup.org/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20130625110517/http://thisngo.org/
* http://www.womenepal.org/
* http://www.handsinoutreach.org/
Education Without Borders (nhazi Spanish)

**Mmụta na-enweghị oke** ( Spanish   ), bụ ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ na Spen hiwere na 1988 ma na-arụ ọrụ na Central na South America. 

ESF bụ onye otu Coordination Development NGO's nke Spain (CONGDE), ma nọ n'okpuru ụkpụrụ omume nke na-achịkwa mmemme nke otu ndị otu ya. Na Machị 2007, ESF nwetara nhazi nke International Cooperation Agency of Spain (Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional) (AECI) dị ka NGO pụrụ iche na agụmakwụkwọ.

## Hụkwa

* Education Without Borders (Sudan)
* Education Without Borders (Nzukọ Canada)

## Edensibia


## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị
Bourne United Charities

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|300x300px| igwe igwe Baldock
  Edebara aha Bourne United Charities na Charity Commission maka England na Wales.[1]  Ebumnuche ya bụ njikwa nkwonkwo nke ọtụtụ ihe nketa a raara nye maka enyemaka nke ịda ogbenye, inye ụlọ na ebe obibi na gburugburu ebe obibi, nchekwa ma ọ bụ ihe nketa na Parish nke Bourne.  Onyinye itolu nke isi ar

# John Brown
# William Fisher maka Almshouses
# William Fisher maka achịcha
# Robert Harrington
# Jeremaya Ives
# North Fen Ogbenye Ala
# South Fen Ogbenye Ala
# Nicholas Rand
# William Trollope

## Akụrụngwa ndị isi
.Bourne United Charities nwere Abbey Lawn, ebe anya dị n'etiti Bourne, yana mgbochi Wellhead, nke bụ nsogbu.  Ndị ọrụ ebere nwere ma na-elekọta ụlọ alms na West Street n'ime obodo ahụ.  O na-ahụ ọtụtụ ụnya ego n'ime obodo na ebe ndị ọzọ, ozi na Leytonstone na mpaghara London nke Waltham Forest .  Na Bourne, ihe onye ha bụ isi bụ Red Hall, ebe ha nwere ikike ha, ha ikike Baldock's Mill, ụlọ nke Bourne Civic Society

## Ihe omume
Bourne United Charities na-ahụ maka ndị nlekọta iri na ise na onye ode akwụkwọ, ise n'ime ndị nlekọta obodo bụ ndị Council Town họpụtara.

BUC na-ahụ maka ụlọ alms iri na abụọ ha wuru na West Road, yana ala nke oke ubi iri na atọ n'akụkụ Meadow Drove na Spalding Road. Ha nwere ma jikwaa ogige Wellhead na ogige egwuregwu Abbey Lawn dị n'etiti obodo.

Bourne United Charities nwere Wellhead Cottage na ọtụtụ ụlọ ndị ọzọ eweghachitere nke ndị otu obodo na-eji. Ndị a gụnyere Shippon Barn nke dị na nsọtụ nke ubi Wellhead, nke ndị Scouts na ndị nduzi na-eji, na mmalite narị afọ nke 19 Baldock's Mill na South Street nke ndị Civic Society na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a dị ka ihe ngosi nka. 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Ụlọ Ọgwụ nke St John the Baptist, Winchester

thumb|Hospital of St.John the Baptist, Winchester
. ọgwụ St John the Baptist bụ ntọala ọrụ ebere na Winchester, Hampshire, England, na ụlọ ahụ n'onwe ya bụ ụlọ ọrụ ebere nke na 1085

## Njikọ mpụga

* Obodo Winchester, UK
* 
* 
Òtù:Aha
Harry Cowley

Harry Cowley ( ọrịa 1890, nwụrụ 1971) bụ onye nhazi klaas na-arụ ọrụ, onye na-elekọta mmadụ na onye na-adịghị fascist na Brighton, England.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Amụrụ na 1890 na Brighton, ma na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ebe a na-ekpochapụ chaimni, ọ na-ama na mmemme mgbasa na eze sitere na 1920 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1970s.  [1] O nyere aka hazie ndị na- onye ọrụ ma kwaga ndị na- nde ebe obibi n'iche ndị squat mgbe agha ụwa abụọ gachara ya na ndị otu ya bụ Vigilantes

Cowley bụ onye bụ isi n'ịlụso fasizim ogụ na 1930s Brighton.  E mara ya n'iche ọgwụ ruo ụgbụ mgbe ọ nọ naanị ya wee gbaba n'ime mịdi fascist na Middle Street, bụ ndị gbajiri ụkwụ ya.  Ɔ gbara ɔbɔ ya site n'ịhazi ngwá na ngwá ọrụ ndị Fascist League na ɔkwan, dị na Brighton 

Cowley ghọrọ onye ndu nke 'Barrow Boys' na 1920s. Ha rere mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri dị ọnụ ala site na wheelbarrows na Oxford Street. Mgbe Council gbalịrị ikpochapụ barrows na nzaghachi mkpesa nke ụlọ ahịa ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ, Cowley gwara ìgwè mmadụ okwu ọkụ na mgbe ndị uweojii gbalịrị ikpochapụ ya, a bịara mara mkpesa ahụ dị ka 'Battle of Oxford Street'.  E mechara hapụ ụmụ nwoke barrow ka ha ree mkpụrụ osisi na akwụkwọ nri na ọkwa, na 1926, e wuru Open Market. 

Na mgbakwunye, Cowley kpọ ezumike ndị ezumike nka, na-etinye aka na mmemme ọha na eze na ebe a na-elekọta mmadụ ma hazie bara uru maka ndị ogbenye na ndị nwere nsogbu obodo.  Ihe omume ya gbadoro ụkwụ na mpaghara mpaghara na otu agha ndị.  Mgbe Harry nwụrụ na 1971, mmadụ 500 nwa na St. Peters Church na London Road maka olili ya. 

## Ihe nketa
A Pipe Cowley dị na Brighton aha ya dị ka ihe omume ama nke, omenala a nke ndekọ na ndekọ n'otu klaas.  Onye na-ahụ maka ụgbọ ala Brighton Hove akpọọla ụgbọ ala aha Cowley 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* weebụsaịtị Cowley Club
* Akwụkwọ Queens Park: Ọnye na-bụ Harry Cowley?
Òtù:Aha
Maka Ihe Ndị Na-akpata Ya

Maka ihe osisi ya bụ ọrụ ebere dabere na Lọndọn nke na-ekwu na ọ na-ebuso ahaghị nhata ogụ site n'ịkwakọba nka, ego na ihe maka ndị nọ na mkpa iji wuo ebe obibi ha.  Ndị ọrụ afụ na ndị nyere nyere na-arụkọ ọrụ na ndị na-erite uru na mbụ iji hụ onwe onye ọ elva  

Maka ihe na-emekarị na- ndị mmadụ na uru ndị dechara egwu na nkwado site n'otu n'ime ndị mmekọ ha.  [1] [2] Ndị ọchụnta ego nwere ike imecha arịrịọ na nkwado nkwado n'otu n'ime ndị mmekọ For Common Cause.  Ndị mmadụ nwere ike egwuregwu ọrụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ obere ọrụ eji eji ha eji nye nkwado.  [3] Ndị na-akwado nwere ike inye aka n'ụzọ dị iche iche: oge ​​ọrụ afọ ma ọ bụ nkà site na email, ekwentị, ma ọ bụ na mmemme, ma ọ bụ inye ego ma ọ bụ ngwá ọrụ. 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Maka ihe eserese ya bụ Karen Snow ntọala mgbe ya na DFID na USAID rụkọrọ ọrụ na mbelata ego ogbenye, nsonye obodo na mba na eze na nkeonwe .  [1] [2] Snow ntọala ntọala ọrụ ebere ahụ ka ya na ndị egwuregwu dakwasịrị na mmekpa ahụ South Africa rụchara ọrụ iji ibi ndụ nke ha.  "Ahụhụ m na ọ dịghị ihe ọ bla maka ndị nọ n'okpuru ala ime ihe maka onwe ha. Anyị nwere nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na ọrụ, ma ha na-enye ikike nke ego, "ka Snow kwuru na njụ ọnụ Calahane  na 2013  

## Ọdịdị na njikwa
A na- ọrụ ebere ahụ site na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ya, akwụkwọ ozi obi, yana mebere ụlọ ọrụ nwere oke, nke Iwu ụlọ ọrụ 2006 na-ejedebe site na nkwa 

Maka ihe kpatara ya dị ka nke 2015 nwere ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo 260 na-akwado ndị na-erite uru ka ha nweta azụmahịa ha n'ala, na 150 debanyere aha na-erite uru.

Ego sitere na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu, na-enye 5% na onyoonyo niile site na saịtị ahụ, Onyinye ọrụ sitere na onyinye, nkwado na nkwado obi na nkwado ntọala.  Ego na-akparaghị ókè na-aga n'ihu ọrụ ọrụ nke ihe;  Onyinye onye ọlụ emere maka ọrụ na-aga nye ndị ga-erite uru.  Tinyere n'ụgwọ 5% bụ ndepụta nhazi kredit, ike mba ofesi, azụmahịa azụmahịa, yana ndepụta ihe ngosi. 

## Ọha na eze
Maka ihe kpatara ya so na ọgbakọ mbụ nke Grass Roots Enterprise na 2013. 

Maka ihe eserese ya na usoro MEP Syed Kamall nke OURCITY London na February 2015  

Karen Snow dere gbasara ọrụ nke ibelata ogbenye nke e sere na Mahadum Westminster Career Development Center, NCVO, na ọma.  

RBS SE100 Index, foto data kwa afọ iji tụọ uto na nyochaa arụmọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-elekọta mmadụ, nyere maka ihe kpatara mmetụta nke 7 n'ime 10. 

## Hụkwa

* Social entrepreneurship

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Ìgwè Haslemere

. Otu Haslemere bụ otu ndị mmadụ, nke egwu ụfọdụ ndị ọrụ Oxfam na ndị otu sitere na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ, yana ọtụtụ ndị sitere na BBC na Times.  Ndị amụma ya bụ James Lamb na Jonathan Power.  Ndị na-akwado ya were ụzọ siri ike maka ihe na-egosi ihe.  Ọ bụ nke a ma njikọ Haslemere, ihe ndị ogbenye ụwa nke e na 26 Ma achi 1968. Ọmụma dị ukwuu na ndị na-eso njikọ njikọ na The Guardian, The Economist na The Washington Post.  O rere ọtụtụ puku akwụkwọ.  Ka e ndị na-eme njem nlegharị anya iji gosi otú usoro azụmahịa nke ụwa si na-erigbu ndị ogbenye nke ụwa si na-erigbu ndị ogbenye.

Nkwupụta ahụ gụnyekwara nkwupụta na 'erigbu nke ụwa nke atọ yiri nke ọma, ma kpatara ya, otu ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na akụ na ụba bụ ihe ndabere nke ịda ogbenye na Britain'. 

Ekwukwara ya maka nkuzi nke Dom Hélder Câmara, Archbishọp nke Olinda na Recife (Brazil) na-ekwu na Mgbakọ Ndị otu Haslemere maka ihe ogbenye bụ ime ihe ike;  Nrigbu nke ụwa nke atọ, na Round House, London, na 1969   

## Ntụaka

* Haslemere Declaration Group (1968) Nkwupụta Haslemere: Nnyocha dị egwu nke mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụwa bara ọgaranya na ụwa ndị ogbenye; London, HDG na ụwa nke atọ

## Ihe ndetu

Òtù:Aha
Gracia McGrath

Gracia Mary McGrath OBE ( nání 20 Julaị 1961) bụ onye bụbu onye isi ọrụ nke Charity Chance UK nke faịdi na London

## Akụkọ ndụ
A egwuregwu Gracia McGrath na 20 Julaị 1961, na Birkenhead, Cheshire (ugbu a Merseyside ), nke ọdụdụ n'ime ọkụ nye Denis na Mary McGrath.  Ọ gara Holt Hill Convent mana a ịchụpụrụ ya maka onye ya na onye isi nkuzi na 16. [1] N'ịbụ ndị na-ezute nsogbu na ndụ ụlọ akwụkwọ nke ya, a daban ya iso nwere ihe isi ike omume bụ ndị nwe  nsogbu ndị yiri ya na-arụkọ ọrụ.

### Ọrụ maka ohere UK
McGrath arụwo ọrụ na ngalaba afọ ofufo ihe karịrị afọ 20. Ọ ghọrọ CEO nke Chance UK na 2001, nke toro nke ukwuu n'okpuru nduzi ya. Ọ na-eme atụmatụ franchise ịsụ ụzọ nke na-ahụ mmemme Chance UK na-arụkọ ọrụ na otu ndị ọzọ n'ofe UK.

## Nkwenye
Na 2009, McGrath nwetara OBE maka ọrụ ụmụaka nwere mkpa pụrụ iche. 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Aha
Ịdị n'Otu Ụwa

**UnitingWorld** bụ ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka na mmekọrịta mba ụwa nke Uniting Church na Australia, dabere na Sydney Australia.

Dịka onye mmekọ nke Gọọmenti Australia, UnitingWorld na-enweta ego iji mejuputa mmemme mmepe na ibelata ịda ogbenye na Pacific, Asia na Africa.  

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
E hiwere Churchka Uniting na Australia mgbe ọtụtụ ọgbakọ nke Methodist Church of Australasia, Congregational Union of Australia na ọtụtụ ndị Presbyterian Church of Australia jikọrọ aka na June 1977. Onye ọ bụla n'ime Ụka ndị a ehiwela bọọdụ ozi ala ọzọ nke ha site na 1850: Methodist Overseas Missions (MOM), London Missionary Society (LMS) na Presbyterian Board of Ecumenical Relations and Mission (BOEMAR). N'oge njikọ, bọọdụ ozi ndị a jikọrọ aka wee guzobe Commission for World Mission, nke mechara bụrụ Uniting International Mission (UIM). 

Na Julaị 2000, e hiwere Uniting Church Overseas Aid (UCOA) ka ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka dị iche iche na mmepe obodo nke Uniting Church na Australia.  UCOA na UIM rụrụ ọrụ na tandem, mana n'okpuru iwu dị iche iche; UCOA iji wepụta ọrụ mmepe na enyemaka mmadụ n'akụkụ ụka ndị mmekọ;  UIM iji kwado idu ndú ụka, nkwado na ịbụ ndị na-eso ụzọ Ndị Kraịst n'ime obodo ndị mmekọ. N'afọ 2008, ụlọ ọrụ ndị a jikọtara n'okpuru aha 'UnitingWorld,' na ikike nke okpukpu abụọ ka dị.

Taa, UnitingWorld na-arụ ọrụ na mmekorita ya na ọgbakọ ụka 18 esenidụt iji kwado ihe karịrị mmadụ 180,000 kwa afọ site na ọrụ mmepe obodo na-adigide. 

## Mmekọrịta
Otu ụka atọ ahụ jikọrọ aka wee guzobe Ụka ịdị n'otu dị n'Australia nke ọ bụla wetara njikọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ya na ụka ndị si mba ofesi na njikọ ndị a gara n'ihu.  Ndị otu Ụka na-arụkọ ọrụ ka na-arụ ọrụ na ụka ndị mmekọ ruo 1970s mana mwepu nke Oceania na Asia Pacific na mgbanwe na nkà mmụta okpukpe nke ozi malitere imegharị ka ndị mmadụ na ndị ụka na-emekọ ihe.

Ụka dị iche iche na-agbawakarị ọchịchị ọbụna tupu nnwere onwe nke mba, na-enwe òtù ntọala na-abịa na-ahọrọ ụlọ ụka ụmụ amaala nọọrọ onwe ha karịa usoro mgbasa ozi ọdịnala.  Nke a mere ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti otu Ụka dị n'Australia na ndị ụka si mba ofesi tozuo site na ndabere (maka onye isi, ihe onwunwe na ego) banye na nkwado na mmekorita. 

## Mpaghara ozi na mmemme
Ọrụ UnitingWorld bụ ịchụso mmekorita ya na Ụka zuru ụwa ọnụ iji wusie ozi ya na-ekekọrịta ike ma lebara ihe kpatara na nsonazụ nke ịda ogbenye, ime ihe ike na ikpe na-ezighị ezi. 

Ọ na-elekwasị anya na mpaghara ise: Mbelata ịda ogbenye, nha anya nwoke na nwanyị, onye ndu, mgbanwe ihu igwe na mbelata ihe egwu ọdachi, na nzaghachi mberede. 

N'oge na-adịbeghị anya UnitingWorld na-akwado ụka ndị mmekọ na Pacific iji zụlite nkà mmụta okpukpe maka mmepe na mpaghara nha anya nwoke na nwanyị,   nkwụsịtụ ọdachi na mgbanwe ihu igwe,  na nchebe ụmụaka. 

## Onye isi ala
Dr Sureka Goringe abụrụla onye isi ala nke UnitingWorld kemgbe July 2017. 

## Hụkwa

* Ịdị n'otuCare Australia
* Wesley Mission
* The Wayside Chapel
* Nzukọ Ndị Kraịst nke Eshia
* Nzukọ Ụka Pacific
* Òtù Ụka Ụwa

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Uniting World
* Ịdị n'otu Church na Australia
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Ndị Ọrụ Ofufe Australia International

**Australian Volunteers International** ma ọ bụ **AVI** na-ewe ndị ọkachamara si Australia ka ha na ndị otu mmekọ na-arụkọ ọrụ na Asia, Pacific, Africa na Middle East . Ọrụ ya na-elekwasị anya n'ibelata ịda ogbenye, ịkwalite ikike mmadụ na nha anya nwoke na nwanyị, ịba ụba ohere inweta agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ ahụike, na ichebe gburugburu ebe obibi.

N'ime afọ 50 gara aga AVI etinyela ihe karịrị ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo 6000 na ndị ọrụ ubi ndị ọzọ na mba 70.

## Ebumnuche na ọrụ
AVI nwere ọhụụ nke ụwa udo na nke ziri ezi; ebe mmadụ niile nwere ohere ịnweta ihe onwunwe ha chọrọ, ohere iji nweta ikike ha, ikike ime mkpebi gbasara ụdị mmepe ha chọrọ na isonye na ọdịnihu nke obodo ha.

Site na **Mmemme Volunteer AVI**, ndị Australia nwere nkà na-ebi ma soro ndị otu na obodo na-arụkọ ọrụ, na-ekerịta nkà ha, na iwulite mmekọrịta n'etiti ndị obodo. Ha na-enweta nkwado gụnyere ụgbọ elu ụgbọ elu, ụgwọ ndụ, na mkpuchi.

Nzukọ a na-enyekwa ọrụ mmepe dị iche iche dabere na mmadụ. Ọ na-eme mmemme dị mkpirikpi maka ndị Australia na-eto eto, yana ọtụtụ ọrụ ọkachamara nye ndị otu Australia gụnyere mbanye mba ụwa na ọzụzụ ịdị irè omenala.

Gọọmenti Australia na-akwado mmemme AVI site na DFAT, gọọmentị ndị ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ, yana onyinye sitere n'aka obodo Australia.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Onye ọrụ afọ ofufo mbụ, Herb Feith, gara Jakarta, Indonesia na 1951, na-ewere ihe ịma aka iji soro ndị Indonesia rụkọọ ọrụ dị ka onye ntụgharị ka mba ahụ na-eme ihe banyere nnwere onwe. Njem ya nyere aka guzobe Scheme Graduate Volunteer na Indonesia.

N'afọ 1961, Scheme Graduate Volunteer ghọrọ Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọrụ Overseas, otu nzukọ nwere Jim Webb dịka onye nhazi ntọala ya. Na 1963, Bureaulọ Ọrụ ahụ malitere mmemme akpọrọ Australian Volunteers Abroad (AVA) na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo 14 mbụ nke Australia (AVAs) malitere ọrụ na Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tanzania na Nigeria . Na 1999 ọ gbanwere aha ya ka ọ bụrụ Australian Volunteers International.

AVI na-achị otu Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer Paul Bird, na otu ndị isi njikwa.

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* 
* 

## Njikọ mpụga

* AVI
* Ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo Australia - DFAT
Ndị injinia na-enweghị ókèala (Australia)

**Ndị injinia Enweghị oke Australia** (EWB) bụ ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ n'Australia nwere isi iri abụọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike, na-arụ ọrụ na mba na mba ụwa na ebumnuche e bipụtara  nke imeziwanye ndụ nke obodo ndị nwere nsogbu site na agụmakwụkwọ na mmejuputa ọrụ injinia na-adigide . EWB Australia hibere na 2003 site n'aka otu ndị injinia si Melbourne bụ ndị kpalitere ime ihe n'ihu mmepe site na injinia .

Na nkwuwapụta ebumnuche ya na webụsaịtị ya,  EWB Australia depụtara akụkụ anọ bụ isi etinyebere:

# Mmiri dị ọcha, idebe ihe ọcha na ịdị ọcha
# Ụlọ Kwesịrị Ekwesị
# Ike dị ọcha
# Nweta dijitalụ

EWB na-akwado usoro siri ike  maka mmepe na-adigide ma na-akwado ịmepụta mgbanwe usoro site na injinịa mmadụ .  EWB na-ekwupụta nkwado maka UN Sustainable Development Goals, nke 17 mgbaru ọsọ ebe ọ na-ele anya dị ka dochie anya Mgbaru Ọhụụ Mmepe Millennium,  na-eji ha dị ka akụkụ nke usoro nke ọ na-arụ ọrụ na mmekorita ya na obodo ndị na-emepe emepe. 

Nzukọ a na-enye ndị ọchụnta ego aka, sitere na njirimara nsogbu na nhazi, mmejuputa na nkwado nke ngwọta, na-emesi ike na agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ. EWB na-esonyere ụmụ akwụkwọ injinia, ndị ọkachamara na ụlọ ọrụ yana obodo ka ukwuu na mpaghara atọ: Mmemme (Arụmọrụ), Mmụta na Nkwado . 

Na 2005 ogbako  nke emere na Mahadum Melbourne, "usoro na omume dị mkpa iji kwalite mmepe dị irè na mgbọrọgwụ ahịhịa, ma chọpụta akụkụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze, omenala, akụ na ụba, na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọrụ mmepe" maka arụmụka. Na Nkwekọrịta Mba *2009* ya, onye nta akụkọ a ma ama bụ Eric Campbell kwuru okwu nke isiokwu ya bụ 'Nkọ akụkọ banyere ụwa'.  Emere ogbako 2011 na Fremantle  na-elekwasị anya na "ahụmahụ injinia na-agụghị akwụkwọ, yana ndị ọkachamara injinia si gburugburu ụwa na-egosi nyocha na omume ha".

Na 2017 EWB nyere ụmụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Canterbury (New Zealand) onyinye Innovation Award 

N'afọ ego 2019, EWB kọrọ AUD $4.6 nde na ego ha nwetara. 

## Edensibia
arụmụka. Na Nkwekọrịta Mba 2009 ya, onye nta akụkọ a ma ama bụ Eric Campbell kwuru okwu nke isiokwu ya bụ 'Nkọ akụkọ banyere ụwa'.  Emere ogbako 2011 na Fremantle

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị EWB Australia
* Ọwa YouTube EWB ( YouTube )
Oge Enyemaka Canada

**HelpAge Canada** (nke a na-akpọbu **Help the Aged Canada** ) bụ ọgbakọ na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ maka ego na Canada nke raara onwe ya nye iji kwalite ndụ ndị agadi na Canada na gburugburu ụwa. 

Nzukọ a na-enye mmemme mba na nke ụwa na mpaghara ahụike, ahụike, nzaghachi mberede, mmepe mba ụwa, njem njem afọ ndụ, na nsonye mmekọrịta na mmekorita ya na òtù ndị obodo. HelpAge Canada sonyeere HelpAge International Global Network dị ka onye guzobere na 1983. 

## Hụkwa

* Ndị okenye na-asọpụrụ: Obodo megide mmetọ

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* HelpAge Canada
* HelpAge International
* Ụlọ ọrụ mmepe mba ofesi Canada Archived  
* Ọrụ ndị mmadụ na mmepe nka Canada
* HelpAge Canada mkpesa nyocha ego, 2009/10
* Akụkọ kwa afọ HelpAge Canada, 2010

### Mmemme

* Nweta mmemme Gran
* Mmemme mba ofesi
* Mmemme Canada
* Mmemme Internship Ndị Ntorobịa
Simon Topping

Simon Topping bụ onye ozi Methodist na onye ndu dabere na Hucclecote na Gloucester, England, mara maka ọrụ mgbasa ozi ya na-akwado nkwado ogbenye ụwa.

## ndabere
Reverend Dọkịta Simon Topping bịara onye a ma ama n'oge ọ nọ na Birmingham na ọrụ bụ na ngalaba Britain nke Jubilee 2000 Drop the Debt mgbasa.  Na 1998 o kalemọ aka agbụ mmadụ gburugburu Central Birmingham n'oge akụrụngwa G8 nke ndị isi ụwa na obodo ahụ.  Mgbasa ozi ahụ mere ka mapa nlele G8 na map Midlands .  Na 2003 ọ nwetara Saltley Gate Peace Group, ihe n'etiti ndịrechi, ngosi na nzaghachi maka iwulite agha na Iraq

## Tufuo ụgwọ ahụ
Na 2001 Topping ejiji mgbe o mere poppy ojii iji 'mepụta nsogbu nke ndị ogbenye ụwa'.  E boro ndị otu Royal British Legion iwe n'ihi iji poppy mere ihe ọ pụtara na ụbọchị .  Onye ozi ahụ gara n'ihu na-eme akara maka ihe eserese ya site n'ime ka ihe mere eme nke obere ogbenye

## Mee ka ịda ogbenye bụrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme
Na 2005, mgbe World G8 Summit la ike na United Kingdom, mba ụwa Mee Ịda ogbenye nri na climaxing na njem na Scotland na Live 8 na London .  N'ịkwado mgbasa ozi Rev. Topping haziri wee soro na njem 400-mile si Birmingham gaa Edinburgh.

## Njikọ mpụga

* G8 Summit Walk Gallery – BBC Online, Julaị 2005
* Onye ozi Gloucester na-enyere aka ime akụkọ ịda ogbenye - BBC Online, June 2005
* Ajụjụ ọnụ Richard Adkins - BBC Radio, June 2005
* Black poppy na-egosi ịda ogbenye - Akụkọ BBC, Nọvemba 2001
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Aha
Ndị Ọrụ Ofufe Ụwa Na-enweghị Mpaghara

**Ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo ụwa na-enweghị oke ** bụ ọgbakọ mba ụwa hibere na 2003 yana ọrụ ebere Canada edebanyere aha dịka nke 2005. Iwu nke nzukọ a bụ inye ndị ntorobịa ike maka idu ndú na enyemaka zuru ụwa ọnụ.  Ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo na-ekere òkè n'ọgbọ, nkwenye, nyocha na mmejuputa ọrụ mmepe nke onwe ha. Emeela ọrụ gara aga na ngalaba nke obere ego, ọrụ ugbo, ahụike na agụmakwụkwọ na Ghana, Brazil na India .

Nzukọ a na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a site na isi ndị otu ya na Mahadum McGill, Mahadum Harvard, Mahadum London ma na-emepe emepe otu isi na Mahadum Stanford. 

N'afọ 2006, ewepụtara atụmatụ ọhụrụ metụtara ọrụ mgbasa ozi obodo na mpaghara ebe ndị isi afọ afọ ofufo nke ụwa enweghị oke. Na mgbakwunye, ahaziri ọtụtụ usoro ihe omume gbasara ọgba aghara mba ụwa dịka mgbanwe ihu igwe na HIV/AIDS .

## Edensibia
ozi obodo na mpaghara ebe ndị isi afọ afọ ofufo nke ụwa enweghị oke. Na

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nke ụwa enweghị oke
Institute of Cultural Affairs International

Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Ọdịbendị Mba ụwa (nke a maara dị ka **ICA International** ma ọ bụ **ICAI** ) bụ ọgbakọ na-abụghị nke gọọmentị (INGO) nke dabeere na Toronto, Canada . Ebumnobi ya bụ isi bụ imetụta mmepe mmadụ zuru ụwa ọnụ site n'ịkwado ezigbo mgbanwe na-adigide n'ime mmadụ, obodo, na otu. 

## ebumnobi
Ebumnuche atụmatụ atụmatụ nke ICA International bụ:

* Iji kwado ikesa ahụmịhe, ụkpụrụ, na nkuzi n'ọkwa zuru ụwa ọnụ iji metụta amụma mmepe mba ụwa.
* Iji zụlite ma kwado mmekọrịta zuru ụwa ọnụ.
* Iji dozie nsogbu mmepe mmadụ.
* Iji chịkọta mmemme na atụmatụ metụtara ọtụtụ otu ICA ndị otu maka mmetụta zuru ụwa ọnụ.
* Ịkwado ndị otu ICA site na ọzụzụ na atụmatụ iwulite ikike na ịkwado ịkparịta ụka n'Ịntanet na mgbanwe n'etiti ndị ICA ndị otu.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Na 1970 na 1980s, Institute of Cultural Affairs guzobere ọtụtụ puku obodo ndị nlereanya gburugburu ụwa iji gosipụta ihe ga-ekwe omume mgbe ndị mmadụ na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ.  

ICA Nepal kwadoro ọgbakọ 8th zuru ụwa ọnụ maka mmepe mmadụ na Kahtmnandu, Nepal na njedebe 2012. N'oge a ewepụtara akwụkwọ akpọrọ 'Changing Life Change Society'. 

## Netwọk zuru ụwa ọnụ
ICAI bụ netwọk nke otu ndị otu mba dị n'ụwa niile.&#x5B; ** &#x5D;

### Africa

* Benin
* Ivory Coast
* Cameroon
* Egypt
* Ghana
* Kenya
* Nigeria
* South Africa
* Tanzania
* Togo
* Uganda
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe

### Asia

* Bangladesh
* India
* Japan
* Malaysia
* Nepal
* Taiwan
* Tajikistan

### Europe

* Belgium
* Bosnia na Herzegovina
* Netherlands

### North America

* Canada
* Guatemala
* United States

### Oceania

* Ọstrelia

### South America

* Chile
* Peru

## Mmekọrịta
ICAI na-ejigide mmekọrịta ya na ndị isi mba ụwa na otu mba ụwa ndị ọzọ, gụnyere:

* Ọkwa ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche na United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)
* Ọkwa njikọ na Òtù nri na ọrụ ugbo nke United Nations (FAO)
* Ọnọdụ mmekọrịta ya na Healthtù Ahụ Ike Worldwa (WHO)
* Ọkwa ndụmọdụ na United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF)
* Ọrụ na otu ndị na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị (NGO) ndụmọdụ maka International Fund for Agriculture Development (IFAD)
* Ndị otu na CIVICUS, njikọ ụwa maka nsonye ụmụ amaala.

## Edensibia


## Njikọ mpụga

* Saịtị gọọmentị
Aengus Finucane

Aengus Finucane (Eprel 26, 1932).  – 6 Ọktoba 2009) bụ onye ozi ala ọzọ nke Roman m nke ndị Fada n'ihi, bụ onye haziri mbupu nri sitere Ireland nye ndị Igbo n'oge agha obodo Naijiria .  Nwanne ya nwoke nke nta Jack Finucane ghọkwara onye kpà Mụọ Nsọ, ma otu nwanne ha àmà ịnọn.

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Ndụ mbido
Finucane na 26 1932, na obodo Limerick, Ireland.  Ọgbakọ Ụmụnna Ndị Apata ya ihe ruo n’afọ 1950. Ọ sonyeere ndị Nna Mụọ Nsọ na Kimmage Manor, ma mgbanwe Philosophy, Theology and Education na University College Dublin .  Echiri ya echichi na nwanne Clonliffe na 1958.

.Finucane nyere ndị na-enye ndị n'oge agha obodo Naijiria (nke a na-emepụta dị ka "Agha Nigeria na Biafra"), site na 1967-1970.  [1] Gọọmenti Naijiria gbochiri ihe oriri na-enye steeti Biafra nọchiri anya na-akpata na mba ahụ.  A kọrọ nke a n'iche ọrụ egwu mba ụwa wee goob ikpe zuru ụwa ọnụ.&#x5B; ** &#x5D;

  N'ị iko ịzọpụta ndị mmadụ n'agụụ, Finucane haziri nri a ga-ozi site n'ọdụ elu ụgbọ elu, nri nke dị na Uli, Bafaria, na njem ụgbọ mmiri ya na ndị ọrụ si Dublin ndị ọzọ.  [1] Nke a butere nguzobe ndụ Concern Worldwide na 1968. Finucane nna ọrụ na Nchegbu afọ 41 wee lelee ozi ya dị ka "ịhụnanya n'ọkụ"

Achụpụrụ Finucane na Nigeria na January 1970. N'iso nke a, oama diplọma na ọkụ ọkụ na nzere Masters of Arts na inye ego ogbenye ụwa nke atɔ site na Mahadum Swansea .  Na 1971, ọ nọ na-enye ndị mmadụ nri ọzọ n'oge ọrụ ndị na-aga n'ihu na Bangladesh wee soro mama Teresa na-efe efe mgbe n'oge ike.

Kọmishana Ukwu nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu Maka Ndị Gbara Ọsọ Ndụ (UNHCR) mata Finucane ka o duo ndị mmadụ chụpụrụ na Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa kpara Eshia.  N'ime 1980s na 1990s Finucane duuru ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ Concern Worldwide, na-etinye aka na nzaghachi nke ụnwụ nri na Etiopia, Sudan, Somalia na Rwanda.  [1] Mgbe ọ nọ na Somalia, ọ nọ na convoy a wakporo nke butere nke ọnwụ Valerie Ebe 

### Biography nke ebipụtara
 Akụkọ ndụ Finucane, Aengus Finucane: N'ime obi nke ndekọ, nke Deirdre Purcell dere bụ akwụkwọ New Island na January 2015

## Ọnwụ
Finucane nwụrụ n'ihi ọrịa kansa na 6 Ọktoba 2009 na ụlọ ndị uwe nke ndị Fada Dublin na Kimmage Manor mgbe ọ dị afọ 77. [1] [2] Emere olili ya na ọrịka nke akwụkwọ nsọ, Kimmage na ike mmadụ bịara.  [3] Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka mba ofesi, Micheál Martin na onye minista na-ahụ maka mba ofesi, Peter Power gwajin ya “ike na- agwụ agwụ maka fim mma n'ụwa niile ihe ncheta afọ iri anọ”.  [2] A na-eli Finucane na ebe a na-eli ozu Dardistown, na nkata

## Ntụaka
Ah
Òtù:Aha
Jack Finucane

Jack Finucane (1937 – 7 June 2017) bụ onye ozi ala ọzọ nke Roman ajụjụ nke ndị Fada , onye ya na nwanne ya nwoke bụ Aengus Finucane haziri mbupu nri si Ireland nye ndị Igbo n'oge agha obodo Naijiria .  Ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye ndu nke Concern Worldwide, ụlọ ọrụ zuru ụwa ọnụ  

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Ndụ mbido
Finucane na 1937, n'obodo Limerick, Ireland, ya na ejima ya.  Ọgbakọ Ụmụnna Ndị Apapọ ya ihe.  [1] [2] Ọ sonyeere ndị Nna Mụọ Nsọ ma chie ya echichi na 1963. Ọ ọrụ ihe ruo oge ụfọdụ na Rockwell tupu ya agawa ozi ala ọzọ n'Africa.  Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ na Nigeria, ọ bụ ọrụ na United States wee gbanwee na San Francisco maka Masters in Education 

### Nchegbu zuru ụwa ọnụ
E ndidi Jack na Nigeria, na, ya na nwanne ya nwoke bụ Aengus, ọ na-etinye aka n'inye ndị mmadụ n'oge agha obodo Naijiria, na ntọala na njikere Nchegbu n'ụwa nile.  A ịchụpụ ya na ndị na-akpata ndị ọzọ na Nigeria wee wepụ Ireland 

Na 1973, e zigara ya na Bangladesh, n'oge agha nnwere onwe na (West) Pakistan. 

Jack na Concern rụkọrọ ọrụ na Etiopia n'oge ụnwụ nri 1984. Ọ dụrụ Bob Geldof ọdụ na na 1985 Afọ Bono gburugburu na mbụ mbụ ya.  Bono zoro aka na Jack dị ka John Wayne nke ndị ọrụ ohu  

Nlaghachi na Dublin na 1991, ọ ghọrọ onye isi mpaghara maka nchegbu ụwa niile, ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nka na 2002. Ọ gara na 2004 na Sudan n'oge agha Darfur.  N'afọ 2005, ọ gara ọrụ enyemaka nke Concern na Sri Lanka mgbe oke mmiri ozuzo ahụ gasịrị. 

## Ọnwụ
Ọ mụtara na- na Kimmage Manor, na Wednesde 7 June 2017, a na-elikwa ya na nkata nkata na Dardistown Cemetery.  

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Ụwa Ka Mma (nhazi)

**Ụwa Ka Mma** ( **ABW** ) bụ ọgbakọ hibere na Lacombe, Alberta, Canada.  Ọ bụ ọgbakọ ọrụ ebere hibere na 1990.  Eric Rajah bụ otu n'ime ndị rụpụtara ABW.  Ihe karịrị mmadụ 1800 ewepụtala onwe ha n'ọrụ ABW n'afọ 2010. 

## Ihe oru ngo
ABW nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ na Kenya, gụnyere nkwado nke ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Maasai Mara . ABW enyekwala ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Burme na India aka enyemaka .  N'afọ 2009, Ụka Cross Roads dị na Red Deer tụlere ka ya na ABW na-emekọ ihe n'ọrụ inye ndị mmadụ abụọ a chụpụrụ n'ebe obibi ha na Kosti, Sudan ohere ịnweta mmiri.  Na 2011, Azalea Lehndorff malitere 100 Classroom Project, ihe ABW atụmatụ na -akụziri ụmụ agbọghọ na Afghanistan .  Ebumnuche nke oru ngo a bụ iwu ụlọ klas 100 na Jowzjan Province n'ime afọ atọ. 

ABW enyekwara aka na mmepe nke St Luke's Leprosarium, Peikulum na Tamil Nadu.

## Mmekọrịta na welie olu ha
ABW jikọrọ aka na welie olu ha n'oge njem 2012 nke Andrew Kooman 's *O Nwere Aha* ; Ka egwuregwu ahụ gara n'ofe Canada iji mee ka ndị mmadụ mara maka ịzụ ahịa mmadụ, ABW welitere ego iji nyere ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka aka na-azụ ahịa na Thailand dịka akụkụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ịgba akwụna nke mba ahụ .  Kpọmkwem, ego a zụlitere gara Home of New Beginnings, ụlọ nchekwa nke e hibere na Bangkok na 2006, ebe ndị bụbu ndị na-azụ ahịa mmadụ nwere ike nweta mmụta dabere na nkà ndụ na ọgwụgwọ mmụọ, si otú ahụ na-enye ha ohere inweta ndụ ahụike na ego kwụsiri ike.  N'oge njem nlegharị anya nke 2012 nke egwuregwu ahụ, Ụlọ nke mmalite ọhụrụ nwere ndị bi na 17, ndị kasị ochie bụ 33 na nke ọdụdụ bụ 11.  Site na ntinye ego ha na Raise Voice ha, ABW nwere olile anya ibuli $12000 iji kwụọ ụgwọ ihe onwunwe pụtara ìhè, $18000 iji zụta rickhaws ụgbọ ala abụọ, $9000 iji kwado ụlọ ọzụzụ, $9000 ịzụta akụrụngwa agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ, yana $5000 iji kwado ụlọ ahịa onyinye na nke ndị bi na ya na-ere ngwaahịa ndị ha rụpụtara, dị ka ihe eghe.  Ndị otu ise niile nke Raise Voice ha nwere njikọ mbụ na ABW, na atụmatụ ime ka otu abụọ ahụ na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na-etolite kemgbe 2011.  Mmemme ahụ gafere na arụmọrụ ọ bụla tụrụ aro ABW ka ndị na-ege ntị dị ka ezigbo nzukọ na-akwado yana depụta weebụsaịtị nke ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ . 

## Edensibia
emekọ ihe n'ọrụ inye ndị mmadụ abụọ a chụpụrụ n'ebe obibi ha na Kosti, Sudan ohere ịnweta mmiri.  Na 2011, Azalea Lehndorff
Ụmụaka Kwere

Emepụtara **Children Believe** n'ọnwa Ọktoba 2019, akpọgharịrị aha site na Christian Children Fund nke Canada. Ọ bụ ọrụ ebere Canada nke na-achọ imeziwanye ndụ ụmụaka, ezinụlọ na obodo na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe. Otu a lekwasịrị anya n'akụkụ ise kachasị mma na nke a: ahụike na nri; agụmakwụkwọ; mmiri, ịdị ọcha na ịdị ọcha; na-ewusi òtù obodo ike; na mmepe ibi ndụ na-adigide. Children Believe bụ onye otu ChildFund Alliance, ezinụlọ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke otu mmepe 12 gbadoro ụkwụ na ụmụaka.  

## Ndị nkwuchite ọnụ / ndị nnọchi anya
Ụmụntakịrị kwenyere na ha na ndị ọha na eze na-akpakọrịta ka ha bụrụ ndị nnọchi anya maka ọrụ ha. Ndị nnọchi anya ọrụ ebere ahụ na-akwalite mmata, na-akpakọba ego na kuziere ọha na eze Canada maka ọrụ nke Children Believe.

Ụmụntakịrị kwenyere na ha na ndị ọha na eze na-akpakọrịta ka ha bụrụ ndị nnọchi anya maka ọrụ ha. Ndị nnọchi anya Children Believe na-akwalite mmata, kpakọta ego ma kuziere ọha na eze Canada n'ọrụ ọrụ ebere ahụ. Ugbu a, Children Believe na-arụ ọrụ na onye na-eme egwuregwu James Duthie, onye na-eme egwuregwu Rachel Bonnetta, na onye na-elekọta redio Sharon Caddy.

## nnabata
Children kwere ekwe nwetara akara mmụta n'ozuzu nke A- site na MoneySense n'ime ndepụta ọrụ ebere Canada 100 kacha elu maka 2015.  A họpụtara ha dị ka otu n'ime ọrụ ebere 25 kachasị na Canada site na Financial Post maka afọ 2014, nwere akara B+. 

## Edensibia
ụmụaka, ezinụlọ na obodo na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe. Otu a lekwasịrị anya n'akụkụ ise kachasị mma na nke a: ahụike na nri

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ụmụaka Kweere Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị
Ọrụ Mgbasa Ozi Guatemala

Nke **Guatemala Stove Project** (GSP), bụ ọrụ ebere Canada edebanyere aha (#871977617 RR0001)  na-ebuli ego ma na-enye ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo maka iwu ebe a na-esi nri masonry na Guatemala 's Altiplano (Western Highlands).

The Guatemala Stove Project na-arụ ọrụ na mmekorita ya na CEDEC (Centro De Estudios Para El Desarrollo Y La Cooperacion), otu ụmụ amaala na-abụghị uru sitere na Quetzaltenango (Xela) Guatemala. CEDEC na Guatemala Stove Project na otu ụmụ nwanyị obodo na-arụkọ ọrụ iji mata ezinaụlọ ndị chọrọ stovu. 

Ebe ọ bụ na 1999 Guatemala Stove Project arụwo ihe karịrị stovu 7000. 

## Hụkwa

* Mmetọ ikuku ime ụlọ na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe
* Teknụzụ dabara adaba

## Edensibia
Mmemme Internship International nke Mahadum Princeton (malite na 2010) ga-eme nyocha na ọrụ na-enye aka na mmemme na ebumnuche EFO n'ozuzu ya.
Ike Maka Ohere

**Ike Maka Ohere (EFO)** bụ ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ maka ịkwalite ike anyanwụ n'ofe mpaghara West Africa. Ha na-enye ezinụlọ, ụlọ akwụkwọ, otu, na obodo ndị dị na Sierra Leone, Benin, na Mali ike anyanwụ.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Energy For Opportunity's abụọ nchoputa, Simon Willans na Paul Munro, zutere mbụ mgbe ha na-ebi na-arụ ọrụ na ndị otu dabeere na obodo na ime obodo Uganda .  Mmekọrịta mbụ a mere ka ohere ndị ọzọ dị na Sierra Leone na Liberia, bụ ebe ha nyere aka n'ịmepụta nnukwu ọrụ ntinye ọkụ eletrik na ụlọ akwụkwọ iri na abụọ na ụlọ ọgwụ ahụike na mpaghara ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ metụtara n'ofe Liberia .  

Rob Munro, onye rụworo ọrụ enyemaka mgbe ọdachi gasịrị,   jerela ozi dị ka onye isi mgbasa ozi EFO kemgbe mmalite ya.

EFO abụrụla onye nwetara ihe nrite ugboro abụọ n'asọmpi Africa Rural Connect nke otu National Peace Corps Association na-agba. 

E gosipụtara ọrụ EFO na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-akwado anyanwụ na ọgbakọ 56th International Council for Small Business (ICSB) nke mba ụwa na Sweden. 

## Ebumnuche
"Na-elekwasị anya na akụkụ ndị bụ isi nke ahụike, agụmakwụkwọ, ndụ na ọzụzụ nkà, Energy For Opportunity with the strategic mmejuputa iwu nke ọrụ ntinye nke anyanwụ, na-achọ ime mgbanwe na ndụ kwa ụbọchị nke obodo ndị dị na mpaghara ahụ. Atụmatụ EFO bụ ịmepụta ụzọ ọhụrụ. nke na-akwalite ma mejuputa iji ume ọhụrụ eme ihe, ya mere, ọ bụghị nanị na ọrụ ntinye anyanwụ kpọmkwem (na ụlọ ọgwụ ahụike, ụlọ akwụkwọ, ebe ndị obodo, wdg), kamakwa na ọzụzụ anyanwụ maka ụmụ akwụkwọ na mmekorita na agụmakwụkwọ mpaghara. ụlọ ọrụ na nkwalite n'ọrụ nke ojiji nke ume ọhụrụ ume na ụlọ ọrụ na oru ngo nke ọchịchị òtù na mba dị iche iche n'ihi ya ebumnobi bụghị nanị na-anapụta mmeghari ọkụ eletrik site oru ngo, kamakwa ịkụnye a nkà ihe ọmụma nke mmeghari ume ojiji gafee sara mbara obodo. "  

## Mpaghara ọrụ
EFO na ndị mmekọ obodo na Sierra Leone na Ghana na-arụkọ ọrụ. Ọ na-elekwasị anya n'ọrụ ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ụlọ ọgwụ ahụike na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri obodo. Ọ na-akụzikwa klaasị fotovoltaic na ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ mpaghara.  

## Mmekọrịta
Mahadum Princeton - Ụmụ akwụkwọ sitere na Mmemme Internship International nke Mahadum Princeton (malite na 2010) ga-eme nyocha na ọrụ na-enye aka na mmemme na ebumnuche EFO n'ozuzu ya.  Kpọmkwem, ndị Princeton interns ga-etinye aka n'ime nyocha gbasara mmekọrịta ọha na eze na mpaghara ebumnuche EFO, nyochaa na nyochaa ọrụ EFO gara aga ma ọ bụ chepụta sistemu ike anyanwụ ka a ga-anwale n'ọhịa.

Inveneo - nzukọ America anaghị akwụ ụgwọ nke lekwasịrị anya na ozi na teknụzụ nkwukọrịta, mepụtara iji kwado obodo na mba ndị mepere emepe, nke kachasị na Africa.  

## Edensibia
Mmemme Internship International nke Mahadum Princeton (malite na 2010) ga-eme nyocha na ọrụ na-enye aka na mmemme na ebumnuche EFO n'ozuzu ya.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị Energy For Opportunity EFO
* Mahadum Princeton, International Internship Placement Programment - Africa
* North America Board of Certified Energy Practitioners
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations