Merton Simpson

**Merton Daniel Simpson** (ubochí irí abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba, 1928 , rụo ụbọchị itoolu n'ọnwa Machị, 2013) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe na-adịghị ahụkebe na onye na-anakọta ihe osise na ónyé na'ere ahịa.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Merton Simpson na Charleston, South Carolina. N'agbata afọ isii na afọ iri na otu, ọ na-etinye oge ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ na-anata ọgwụgwọ màkà diphtheria na rheumatic fever. N'oge a, ọ malitere ịde ihe na eserese iji gafee oge. Mmasị ya na nka toro ma ọ malitere ise ihe na eserese n'ụzọ siri ike. Mgbè ọ dị afọ iri na atọ, onye na-ese ihe n'ógbè ahụ bụ William Halsey chọpụtara Simpson nke kpọọrọ Simpson n'okpuru nku ya. N'ime afọ anọ sochirinụ, Halsey kụziiri Simpson ihe ndị bụ isi nke eserese ma mee ka ọ mata echiche nke nka na-enweghị atụ. Jean Robertson Fleming, onye ọzọ na-ese ihe n'ógbè ahụ, nyekwara aka n'ịchọpụta nkà Simpson ma nyèrè ya aka ịzụlite nkà ya.

N'etiti South nke ka kewara ekewa, ekweghị ka Simpson gaa nkụzi nka na ọbọdọ Gibbes Gallery ebe ónyé na-ese ihe William Melton Halsey na-arụ ọrụ.  Simpson na ónyé nkuzi ya Halsey na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya ugboro ugboro. Simpson gàrà Burke High School na Charleston. Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1949 Halsey, nwunye ya Corrie McCallum na onye bụbu ónyé nduzi nke Charleston Museum Laura Bragg kwadoro Merton Simpsonia nke mbụ solo art show. E mèrè oriri abụọ màkà ihe ngosi nka ahụ; "otu maka ndị ọcha na otu màkà ndị ọcha ndị na-enweghị mmasị ịbịa oriri na ndị isi ojii".

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Simpson ghọrọ ónyé Africa America mbụ natara prestigious afọ ise fellowship site na Charleston Scientific and Cultural Education fund wee hapụ South Carolina na 1949 gaa New York City mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Ọ gàrà Mahadum New York (NYU) màkà afọ mbụ ma bụrụ onye Cooper Union nabatara. Ọ gàrà nkụzi na NYU n'ehihie na Cooper Union n'abalị. Simpson nwetakwara ọrụ na ụlọ ahịa nke Herbert Benevy. Ọtụtụ ndị omenkà a ma ama bịara n'ụlọ ahịa etiti ma ka oge na-aga katọọ ọrụ Simpson ma soro ya nwee mmekọrịta. Na NYU, Simpson matara Hale Woodruff, William Baziotes na Robert Motherwell. Ụlọ akwụkwọ New York na-enwekwa mmetụta ya n'oge ahụ na Merton Simpson na Franz Kline, Max Weber na Willem de Kooning na ụlọ ahịa etiti. N'ime kọleji niile Simpson gara na New York, o nyèrè ụlọ ahịa etiti otuto màkà inye ya ezigbo agụmakwụkwọ ya.

## Simpson dị ka onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ere ihe
Mgbè afọ anọ gachara, Simpson laghachiri NYU iji maliteghachi ọrụ ya. N'afọ 1951, ọrụ ya pụtara n'ihe ngosi na Museum of Modern Art na n'afọ 1954 e gosipụtara ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi Younger American Painters na Guggenheim Museum. Ka aha ya na-etolite, ọrụ nka ya mèrè ihe ngosi n'ọtụtụ gallery na New York City na ọbụna Washington, DC. Ka ọ na-erule 1955, Simpson nwèrè ihe ngosi otu ónyé na Bertha Schaeffer Gallery. Ka Simpson na-etolite na New York, ọ malitekwara inwe mmasị na School of Paris ma guzobe ebe obibi na capitol. Mpaghara ọhụrụ ahụ nwere mmetụta doro anya na nke doro anya na ụdị eserese ya nke ndị na-ese brush nke ụlọ akwụkwọ New York mepụtara nke ukwuu. Simpson kewara oge ya n'etiti Paris na New York ebe o guzobere gallery nke ya na 1950s.  The Merton D. Simpson Gallery of Modern and Tribal Arts bụ nke a ma ama maka nchịkọta pụrụ iche nke Tribal arts, na maka ihe osise nke ndị ọgbọ ya Romare Bearden, Beauford Delaney, Norman Lewis, Charles Alston, Hale Woodruff na John Biggers, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Merton Simpson lụrụ Beatrice Houston, ónyé ọ hụrụ n'anya n'oge ọ bụ nwata si South Carolina na 1954.  Ọ meghere ụlọ ngosi nka ya na Madison Avenue iji kwado ezinụlọ ya na-eto eto nke na-echeta ọmụmụ nwa mbụ ya, Merton Simpson Jr. Di na nwunye ahụ nwèrè nwá nwoke ọzọ aha ya bụ, Kenneth Simpson na 1959.  Merton na Beatrice Simpson gbara alụkwaghịm na 2008.  Ụmụ ya nwoke abụọ, Merton Jr. na Kenneth Simpson hapụrụ ya.

## Ụlọ ngosi ihe nkiri Merton Simpson
N'afọ 2000, ụlọ ngosi ihe nkiri Merton Simpson kwagara na nọmba irí atọ na asatọ nà West 28th Street na mpaghara Chelsea nke Manhattan. Ụlọ ngosi ahụ nwere nnukwu nchịkọta nke nka Africa na nke agbụrụ, nka nke ógè a na ọrụ Merton Simpson na akwụkwọ na ihe osise.

Ihe ngosi gosipụtara na ọrụ Merton D. Simpson:

* 1952 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
* 1954 Guggenheim Museum, New York
* 1956 Museum of Art, Mahadum Michigan, Ann Arbor
* 1960 Krasner Gallery, New York
* 1978 Edward Merrin Gallery, New York
* 1979 Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie Huntsville, Alabama
* 1982 Langston Society, New York
* 1983 Charleston County Library, South Carolina
* 1983 Allan Stone Gallery, New York
* 1984 Simon Center for the Arts, Charleston, South Carolina
* 1984 Mahadum Bucknell, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania
* 1990 Twinning Gallery, New York (naanị)
* 1992 Ihe ngosi ojii nke Ivory, Paris
* 1993 Ụlọ ngosi ihe nkiri Tambaran, New York
* 1995 Gibbes Museum of Art, Charleston, SC
* 2009 Anita Shapolsky Gallery, New York
* 2009 Opalka Gallery, New York
* 2010 Greenville Museum of Art, Greenville, SC Usoro esemokwu
* 2010 Hampton III Gallery, Greenville, SC Retrospective nke Sandy Rupp haziri
* 2010 Wilmer Jennings Gallery, New York nke Juliette Pelletier na Corinne Jennings haziri
* 2010 Webb, New Zealand
* 2011 Merton D. Simpson Gallery, New York Á Ákwà ọzọ Tribute na ngosi nke Juliette Pelletier na Karen Tuominen haziri
* 2011 Brooklyn Museum of Art, New York Nchịkọta nke gụnyere na nchịkọta BMA na-adịgide adịgide
* 2011 Studio Museum of Harlem, New York Spiral Group
* 2019 Kalamazoo Institute of Arts, Kalamazoon, Michigan Ike: Ndị na-ese ihe n'Afrịka dị ka ndị na-eme mgbanwe

## Edensibia