open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Utpatti pidugu

thumb|Ihe nnọchianya nke Sri Utpatti pidugu, Upper cave Akkanna-Madanna cave complex, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, otuto - Sri Utpattipidugu, A special volume of Nirukta, Department of Art History and Aesthetics, Baroda, 2005.
A na-ekwu na okwu a bụ 'Utpatti pidugu' bụ aha pụtara n'ọtụtụ ihe odide sitere na India oge ochie. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme eburula ihe odide ndị a n'uche ma dee ọtụtụ ihe na ha. Ihe okwu ndị a pụtara bụ 'égbè eluigwe', a kwenyere na ọ nwere ike ịbụ aha otu ndị omenkà na-arụ ọrụ na Andhra Pradesh. E dere ihe odide ahụ bụ Telugu-Kannada script.

K.V. Soundararajan agụwo ihe odide ahụ dị ka Utpatipidugu ma kọwaa ya dị ka akara ndị njem ala nsọ.  Deepak Kannal na Jayaram Poduval  arụwo ọrụ na mpịakọta pụrụ iche akpọrọ 'Sri Utpattipidugu', Nirukta, 2005. arụọla ọrụ na akwụkwọ pụrụ iche akpọrọ 'Sri Utpattipidugu', Nirukta, 2005. Deepak Kannal kwenyere na Utpatti pidugu nwere ike ịbụ aha onye ndu okpukpe nke mepụtara mmegharị ọhụrụ ma nwee ike inweta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.

## Ndepụta nke saịtị ebe aha a pụtara
Ndepụta nke saịtị: 

### Ụlọ arụsị ndị dị n'ọgba

* Akkanna Madanna
* Mogalrajapuram
* Undavalli
* Ghatnandra
* Bhokardan

### Ụlọ arụsị

* Alampur
* Satyavolu
* Ụlọ nsọ Mahanandisvara na Mahanandi - Ihe odide a na-agụ, "vanjjita i (U) tpattipidugu korivu kkamiya Pritivi Bhi (ma) vrase, nke Deepak Kannal si n'enyemaka Krishna Shastri kọwaa dị ka "Vanchhita Sri Utpattipiduga korivu Kamiya Ptrivibhima. N'ezie... ". ya bụ, e kere ya dịka ọchịchọ Sri Utpattipidugu si dị. Edere ya n'ọrụ Kamiya Prthvibhima. A kpọtụrụ nke a aha na mpịakọta akpọrọ 'Sri Utpattipidugu', Nirukta,  Journal of Art History and Aesthetics, Baroda, MS University, 2005.

B.Rajendra Prasad  na-agbakwụnye na n'ebe a na-egwupụta nkume dị na Satanikota, achọtala ihe odide Andhra Pradesh na nkume dị otú a - "Sri Utpatti Pidugu, Sri Attumnan, Ekantanivasi loka sila bhima... " A chọpụtakwara ọtụtụ nkume na ogidi a tụrụ atụ na saịtị a.

## Hụkwa

* Early Telugu epigraphy

## Edensibia
Awele Vivien Elumelu

**Awele Vivien Elumelu** OFR (amụrụ na 23 Juun 1970) bụ dọkịta na onye isi azụmaahịa Naịjirịa, onye na-ahụ maka Avon Healthcare Limited na Avon Medical Practice, ma na-arụkwa ọrụ na-abụghị nke ndị isi na Heirs Holdings na òtù ndị ọzọ.   Ọ bụkwa onye guzobere Tony Elumelu Foundation, nke na-akwado azụmaahịa n'Africa. 

## Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ mbụ
A mụrụ Elumelu na Lagos State, Naịjirịa, na ụbọchị iri abụọ na atọ nke ọnwa Juun afọ 1970. Ọ gara Queen's College, Lagos . Ọ gụchara akwụkwọ na nzere bachelọ nke ọgwụ na nzere bachelọ nke ịwa ahụ (MBBS) na Mahadum Benin . Ọ rụọla ọrụ ọgwụ na Naịjirịa na mba United Kingdom, gụnyere na Lagos University Teaching Hospital na Grantham na District Hospital . 

## Ọrụ
Ọrụ Elumelu gụnyere ọrụ dịka dọkịta na dịka onye isi na òtù nlekọta ahụike. Ọ bụ onyeisi oche nke Avon Healthcare Limited (Avon HMO) na Avon Medical Practice.  N'ọrụ ndị a, ọ lekọtara ọrụ inshọransị ahụike na ọrụ ụlọọgwụ e mere iji mee ka ohere ịnweta ọrụ ahụike dịkwuo elu na Naịjirịa. Ọ na-ejekwa ozi dịka onye isi na-abụghị onye isi na Heirs Holdings, ụlọ ọrụ itinye ego na Naịjirịa.

## Nkwado
Elumelu esonyela na mkpọsa maka mkpuchi ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ, ọkachasị na-elekwasị anya na mmemme ahụike nne na ụmụaka na ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi.  A họpụtara ya dịka onye mmeri GAVI maka ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi na Afrịka, na-arụ ọrụ iji mee ka a mara maka ohere ịnweta ọgwụ mgbochi na ọrịa ndị a pụrụ igbochi.  Ọ bụ onye otu bọọdụ na Ellen Johnson Sirleaf Presidential Centre na onye otu bọọdụ ndụmọdụ na Yale Institute of Global Health.  

## Ihe nrite
N'afọ 2023, Onyeisiala Muhammadu Buhari nyere ya ọkwa Onyeisi nke Order of the Federal Republic (OFR).   

## Ndụ nkeonwe
Ọ lụrụ Tony Elumelu .  

## Edensibia

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Anna Westerholm

**Anna Westerholm**, bụ onye nnọchi anya mba ofesi, ọkachamara n'ọrụ mba ofesi, onyeisi ozi, onye nnọchi anya mba ofesi na onye nnọchi anya mba ofesi na Naịjirịa .   O jerela ozi dịka onye nnọchi anya mba ofesi na mpaghara dị iche iche, gụnyere Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Yuropu, Caucasus, na Russia,  ma na-eje ozi ugbu a na Naịjirịa na Kamerun site na nhọpụta ya dịka onye nnọchi anya mba ofesi. Na 2025, ọ maliteghachiri ọrụ ya na Abuja dịka onye nnọchi anya mba Sweden na Naịjirịa. 

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Anna Westerholm gụchara ma nzere bachelọ na nke masta na Mahadum Uppsala dị na Sweden. N'ebe ahụ, o nwetara nzere bachelọ na sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ọmụmụ ihe Russia na nzere masta na sayensị mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, ọmụmụ mmepe na ihe gbasara Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Yuropu . Ọ gụkwara akwụkwọ na Russia na 1992, ebe o nwetara asambodo n'asụsụ Rọshịa .  &#x5D; 

## Ọrụ
Dịka onye nnọchi anya mba ofesi, Westerholm rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye nnọchi anya mba Sweden maka mmekọrịta ọwụwa anyanwụ site na 2016 ruo 2022, n'oge ahụ ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye nduzi na osote onyeisi nke ngalaba maka mmekọrịta mmepe ọtụtụ mba na Ministry for Foreign Affairs (MFA). Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye nyocha ọgụgụ isi nke lekwasịrị anya na Caucasus na Central Asia ma nọrọla n'ọtụtụ ọkwa na Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) na Estonia, Georgia, na Republic of Moldova . 

Ahụmịhe ya abụghị naanị maka mmekọrịta mba ụwa, ebe ọ bụ na o jerela ozi na bọọdụ ndị isi. Kemgbe ọ malitere ọrụ ya dịka onye nnọchi anya mba Sweden na Naịjirịa, ọ kpọrọ oku ka e nwee mmekọrịta siri ike na mba Nordic na Naịjirịa nke nwere ike ịkwalite usoro ihe ọhụrụ na mgbanwe dijitalụ ogologo oge.  Na 2026, o duuru ndị nnọchiteanya mba Nordic gaa Ememme Enugu Tech  n'akụkụ Kọnsụl-General nke Denmark.  

Na Jenụwarị 2026, Westerholm duuru ndị nnọchiteanya gaa leta ụlọ ọrụ ndekọ ihe nkiri Naịjirịa bụ Chocolate City .   Na Febụwarị 2026, ọ gara Mahadum Naịjirịa .  Nleta a kwekọrọ na nkwado Sweden na-akwado Ebe Nnyocha Akụ na Mkpuchi Gburugburu Ebe Obibi na Gburugburu Ebe Obibi (REPRC-EfD).  

O kọwara nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị dị ka "isi ihe dị mkpa maka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya ", na-ekwu na ime ihe ike megide ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ agbọghọ "na-emechi olu ha ma na-emebi ụkpụrụ ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya".  

## Leekwa

* Ndepụta nke ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Sweden
* Mmekọrịta mba ofesi nke Sweden

## Edensibia

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ifunanya Nwangene

**Ifunanya Lucy Nwangene** (27 Ọktoba 1999 – 31 Jenụwarị 2026) bụ onye na-abụ abụ na onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Naịjirịa, nke a makwaara dịka Nanyah.   O nwetara nkwanye ùgwù mba dịka onye asọmpi na Oge nke 3 nke *The Voice Nigeria* ma mara ya maka ihe ngosi ya na ọrụ ya dịka onye ukwe na onye na-abụ abụ nke oge a nke bi na Abuja, Naịjirịa.  

Ọ nwụrụ na Jenụwarị 2026 mgbe agwọ tara ya, ihe merenụ nke dọtara uche ọha na eze na nsọpụrụ n'ime obodo ihe okike nke Naịjirịa.  

## Ndụ mbụ na ndabere
A mụrụ ma zụlite Nwangene na Lagos, Naịjirịa, site n'aka Christopher na Patricia Nwangene, ndị si Nara Unateze na Enugu State .   Ọ gara Cridy Children Nursery and Primary School, Abule Osun, Lagos, ma mechaa gaa King's High School, Lagos, maka agụmakwụkwọ sekọndrị ya. Ọ gara Mahadum nke Naịjirịa, Nsukka, ebe ọ gụrụ ihe owuwu ụlọ. 

## Ọrụ

### ''Olu Naịjirịa''
Mgbe ọ gụchara akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ya na Naịjirịa, Nwangene mechara biri na Abuja, ebe o jikọtara ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ ya na mmepe nke ọrụ egwu ya.  N'oge a, ọ malitere itinye aka na egwu ukwe na ihe ngosi ndụ, ahụmịhe ndị tọrọ ntọala maka nnabata ọha na eze ya n'ikpeazụ dịka onye na-abụ abụ. 

Nwangene batara n'ọkwa mba niile na 2021 dịka onye asọmpi na Oge nke Atọ nke  .  Ngosipụta ya n'enweghị ihe mgbochi dọtara ndị na-ekiri ya na ndị ọkàikpe mmeghachi omume dị mma, nke mere ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ndị na-abụ abụ a ma ama n'oge ahụ.  

### Egwu na ihe ngosi
E wezụga telivishọn, Nwangene rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye na-abụ abụ.  O kesara mkpuchi olu na ihe ndị e dere n'elu ikpo okwu mgbasa ozi ọha ma mee ihe ngosi na mmemme ndụ.  Ndekọ egwu ya gụnyere jazz, opera, egwu oge gboo, na mkpụrụ obi, ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri egwu na Abuja. 

Ọ bụkwa onye otu egwu egwu Abuja Metropolitan Music Society (AMEMUSO) dị na Abuja, ebe ọ bụ onye na-abụ abụ dịka onye soprano.  Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, a kọrọ na ọ na-akwado maka mwepụta ndị ọzọ n'onwe ya na egwu egwu mbụ ya. 

## Ọnwụ
N'agbanyeghị enyemaka ahụike, ọ nwụrụ site na nsogbu ndị metụtara ata ahụ.  Ọnwụ ya kpalitere mmeghachi omume sitere n'aka ndị na-akwado ya, ndị egwu ibe ya, ndị otu ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ Naịjirịa, ọha na eze, na mba ụwa .  Mgbe ihe merenụ gasịrị, akụkọ kwuru na e mechara chọta agwọ abụọ n'ụlọ ya, otu n'ime ha bụ cobra . 

Ndị ọrụ ahụike tinyere aka na ọgwụgwọ ya gọrọ ebubo nke nleghara anya, na-ekwu na e soro usoro kwesịrị ekwesị dabere na akụrụngwa dị n'oge ahụ.   Onyeisi ndị isi ahụike nke Federal Medical Centre, Abuja, mechara pụta n'ihu Kọmitii Sineti Naịjirịa maka Ahụike iji kọwaa ihe ndị mere gbasara ọnwụ ya ma gọnarị na ọ naghị eleghara ọgwụgwọ ya anya. 

Ndị otu egwu egwu Abuja Metropolitan Music Society, ndị enyi ya, na ndị otu egwu dị na Abuja mere egwu nsọpụrụ iji sọpụrụ ya na Congress Hall nke Transcorp Hilton, Abuja. E liri ya na Febụwarị 14, 2026, n'obodo ya bụ Nara-Unateze, Enugu State.  

## Edensibia
Nnamani Grace Odi

**Nnamani Grace Odinakachukwu** (  / ˈnn ɑː m ɑː ni / ; amụrụ na Mee 9, 2001), a na-akpọkarị **Grandi** bụ onye ọchụnta ego Naịjirịa, onye edemede, na onye isi mgbasa ozi. Ọ bụ onye hiwere otu Nnamani Music Group, ụlọ ọrụ nkesa na mbipụta egwu; ọ hiwere ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi Grandihub.   Akpọrọ ya aha dịka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị a ma ama maka onyinye ha na egwu Afrịka . 

Ọrụ aka ya n'ọrụ ihe okike malitere mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ, mgbe ọ malitere ịmepụta ihe nkiri na ịkọ akụkọ dijitalụ.   N'oge a, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ogbugbo edemede, na-enyefe ihe odide nye ndị na-eme fim na ndị nduzi ama ama. 

## Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ Nnamani Grace Odi na Mee 9, 2001, na Lagos, Naịjirịa. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ ka elu na Mahadum Mba nke Mba Naịjiriya, ebe o jikọtara ọmụmụ ihe ya na itinye aka na nka na ide ihe n'oge mbụ. 

## Ọrụ

### Ihe nkiri na ide ihe
Odi malitere ọrụ okike ya n'ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Naịjirịa n'aha "Grandi", na-ekesa edemede nye ndị na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ na ndị nduzi gụnyere Kingsley Ogoro, Dickson Ekhaguere, Obi Emelonye na Shan George arụkọ ọrụ.  Na 2025, o bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ *The Beast of Green Manor*, akụkọ ifo ezinụlọ e sere na Ontario . Akụkọ ahụ lekwasịrị anya na ndị bi na aha "Green Manor." Akụkọ ahụ lekwasịrị anya n'ịchọpụta ihe ndekọ ezinụlọ zoro ezo na mmetụta nke mkpughe ndị a na-enwe na njirimara na ihe nketa nke ọgbọ na-eto eto. 

### Onye isi ụlọ ọrụ
Na 2020, o hiwere Grandihub, ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke na-enyere ndị edemede, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, na ndị ọkachamara ihe okike ndị ọzọ aka ịmepụta, mepụta, ma kesaa ọdịnaya akụkọ n'ụdị dịka edemede ihe nkiri, akwụkwọ akụkọ, na akụkọ. Na 2023, o sonyeere ya hibere otu egwu Nnamani Music Group, ụlọ ọrụ egwu nọọrọ onwe ya. E guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị ka otu egwu nọọrọ onwe ya iji mee ka nchịkọta ego dị mfe n'ọtụtụ mpaghara site na nhazi nkesa dijitalụ, nchịkwa mbipụta, nchịkọta eze, na ọrụ inye ikike. Ọrụ ya gụnyere ịchọpụta ego sitere na ikpo okwu nkwanye ugwu, ebe nhazi, na ojiji ndị ọzọ enyere ikike n'èzí ahịa ụlọ ndị omenkà.   Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ arụọla ọrụ na ndị omenkà nọọrọ onwe ha na Africa na mba ụwa. 

## Ndụ nkeonwe
Grace bụ nwanne nwanyị nke onye isi egwu ibe ya na onye ọchụnta ego Johnel Nnamani. Na 2023, ụmụnne abụọ ahụ hiwere otu egwu Nnamani .  

## Nghọta
N'afọ 2025, ụlọ akwụkwọ ndekọ egwu dekọrọ aha Odi n'isiokwu gosiri ụmụ nwanyị ndị sonyere na egwu Afrịka, na-ekwu maka ọrụ ya na ndị hiwere otu egwu Nnamani Music Group na onyinye ya na egwu ndị Africa nwere onwe ha. O mere ka ọ pụta ìhè dịka akụkụ nke ọgbọ nke ndị isi ụmụ nwanyị na-agbasa ọnụnọ egwu Afrịka n'ụwa niile. Akụkọ ahụ kọwakwara ụmụ nwanyị ndị ọzọ gụnyere Niniola, Camille Storm, Osagie Osarenkhoe, Temi Adeniji n'etiti ndị isi ndị ọzọ, ndị omenkà, na ndị nta akụkọ na-arụ ọrụ na kọntinent na n'ahịa ụwa. 

## Leekwa

* Ihe nkiri nke Naịjirịa
* Ndepụta nke ndị ọchụnta ego Naịjirịa
* Ndepụta ndị edemede Naịjirịa

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Nnamani Grace Odi na IMDb
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Bale Telipaale

***Bale Telipaale*** bụ ihe ngosi asọmpi ihe nkiri asụsụ Tulu nke India nke pụtara na Namma TV na Disemba, 2014.. Ọ ghọrọ otu n'ime ihe ngosi ndị a na-elekarị anya na Tulu Nadu.  

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Kumbaran

**Kumbaran** () bụ asụsụ Dravidian nke ndị South na-asụ nke a na-anaghị ahazi nke ọma site n'aka otu ndị India.

## Edensibia
Taiwan Sign Language

**Asụsụ Ndị Ogbi Taiwan** (**TSL**; ) bụ asụsụ ogbi nke ndị ntị chiri na ndị ọ na ahia arụ ịnụ ihe na Taiwan na-ejikarị akpa nkata.

E nwere olumba abụọ bụ isi nke TSL nke hiwere isi na abụọ n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ atọ bụ isi na Taiwan bụ asụsụ ndị ogbi: otu na Taipei, nke ọzọ na Tainan City. E nwere ụdị dị iche iche dabere na Taichung, mana asụsụ ndị ogbi a bụ otu ihe ahụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Tainan.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Mmalite nke asụsụ ogbi nke Taiwan malitere n'afọ 1895. TSL sitere na Asụsụ Ogbi nke Japan n'oge ọchịchị Japan. A na-ewere TSL dị ka akụkụ nke ezinụlọ Asụsụ Ogbi nke Japan. Ọ bụ akụkụ ụfọdụ ndị nwere nghọta n'otu n'otu yana ma Asụsụ Ogbi nke Japan na Asụsụ Ogbi nke Korea; o nwere ihe dịka pasentị iri isii nke myirịta okwu na JSL.
 
Mgbe ROC weghaara ọchịchị Taiwan, Taiwan batara ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ Asụsụ Ogbi nke Ndị China si China bụ́ ndị metụtara TSL site na Ụzọ Nkụzi na Okwu Mbinye Ego.

Nnyocha asụsụ siri ike banyere TSL malitere n'afọ 1970 ma na-aga n'ihu. Emere Symposium mba ụwa mbụ gbasara asụsụ ndị ogbi Taiwan Linguistics na Machị 1–2, 2003, na Mahadum National Chung Cheng na Minxiong, Chiayi County, Taiwan.

## Ihe nrịbama ọrụ
Dịka asụsụ ndị ogbi ndị ọzọ, TSL na-agụnye ihe na-abụghị akaụntị na okwu, okwu ndị e ji eme ihe, okwu mkparịta ụka, na ọrụ mmetụta uche. Ihe ndị a gụnyere ibuli ihu elu na ịkpụ isi, ihu iwe, ịma jijiji isi na ife isi, na ịdakwasị na ịtụgharị ahụ.

## N'ọdịnala ama ama
Ihe nkiri akụkọ uche nke afọ 2020 nke akpọrọ *[[The Silent Forest]]* ji ọtụtụ ụdị Taipei nke TSL mee ihe n'okwu a.

## Edensibia

## Ịgụkwu ihe

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## Njikọ mpụga
* TSL Online Dictionary (in English and Traditional Chinese)
* Sign Language Dictionary from Ministry of Education Republic of China (Taiwan)(in traditional Chinese)
Asụsụ Urali

**Urali** (IPA) bụ olu asụsụ Irula, asụsụ Dravidian nke dị n'ebe ndịda. Ndị Urali na-asụ ya n'ugwu dị gburugburu Idukki na Kerala, na Bargur na Tamil Nadu. . A ka na-asụkarị ya n'etiti obodo. A ka na-asụkarị ya n'etiti obodo. 

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Kunduvadi

**Kunduvadi** (IPA) bụ asụsụ Dravidian nke ndịda India. Ọ dị ka asụsụ Malayalam n'usoro, mana ọ dị nso na Pathiya.

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Wayanad Chetti

**Wayanad **Chetti**** ( [ʋɐjɐnaːɖə̆ t͡ʃeːi]), ma ọ bụ Chetti,bụ asụsụ Dravidian nke ndịda India nke ndị obodo Wayanadan Chetti na mpaghara Wayanad nke Kerala, India na-asụ. O nwere myirịta okwu nke 62-76% na Gowder, 65% na Jen Kurumba na 52% na Kannada. . Kannada bụ asụsụ kachasị nso.  Asụsụ ha dịkwa nnọọ ka Badaga.

## Edensibia
Umil

***Umil*** bụ ihe nkiri 2018 Indian Tulu nke Ranjith Suvarna na-eduzi ya na Umesh Mijar na-eduzi ya na Naveen D Padil, Aravind Bolar, Bhojaraj Vamanjoor, Chethan Rai Mani, Sathish Bandale na Deepak Rai n'ọrụ a ma ama.  Ravi Basrur dere egwu nke ihe nkiri ahụ.  E wepụtara ihe nkiri a na Disemba 7, 2018. 

Ọ bụ Karunakar Shetty na Prajnesh mepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ.

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Umesh Mijar
* Ụgbọ mmiri D Padi
* Aravind Bolar
* Bhojaraj Vamanjoor
* Chethan Rai Mani
* Akpụkpọ ụkwụ ndị Sathish
* Deepak Rai
* Pooja Shetty

## Akara ụda
Ravi Basrur dere egwu a. Maa nke mbụ, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Kannada bụ Puneeth Rajkumar ewepụtala olu ya maka egwu Tulu. 
 

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Thachanadan

**Thachanadan** ( [t̪ɐt͡ʃɐnaːɖɐn]) bụ asụsụ Dravidian ndịda nke Thachanad Muppans Tribe nke India na-asụ. N'adịghị ka asụsụ Dravidian ndị ọzọ, ọ ga-abụ na mmekọrịta ya na Mullu Kurumba, nke ya nwere myirịta 66-72%.

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Ravula

**Ravula** (), A maara ya n'ógbè a dị ka Yerava () ma ọ bụ Adiyan (), bụ asụsụ Dravidian nke Karnataka na Kerala nke ndị Adiya na-asụ. A na-ekewa ya n'okpuru ụdị asụsụ Malayalamoid n'asụsụ na ọnụọgụgụ ndị India. Agbanyeghị, asụsụ ha na-egosipụta ọtụtụ ihe pụrụ iche nke na-egosi ya na Malayalam yana okwu agbụrụ ndị ọzọ na mpaghara Kodagu na Wayanad. It is spoken by 25,000 Ravulas (locally called Yerava) in Kodagu district of Karnataka and by 1,900 Ravulas (locally called Adiyan) in the adjacent Wayanad district of Kerala. The term 'Yerava' is derived from the Kodava Language or Kannada word *Yeravalu* meaning borrow.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Phonology nke Adiya yiri Malayalam na ọdịiche ole na ole.

* Mkpụrụedemede niile ma e wezụga /ɪ,ə,ʊ,ɔ/ na-egosi ogologo ụdaume dị iche iche.

### Mkpụrụ okwu

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Pathiya

**Pathiya** ( [pɐd̪ijɐ]) bụ asụsụ Dravidian ndịda India. Ọ dị nso na Kalanadi.

## Edensibia
Burmese sign language

E nwere otu ma ọ bụ abụọ a maara asụsụ ogbi na Myanmar. E nwere ụlọ akwụkwọ atọ maka ndị ntị chiri n'obodo a: Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Mary Chapman maka ndị ntị chiri na Yangon (e hiwere na 1904), Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Maka Ndị Ntị Chiri, Mandalay (e hiwere na 1964), na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Immanuel Maka Ndị Ntị Chiri na Kalay (e hiwere na 2005). Ma ọ dịkarịa ala na Yangon, a na-enye ntụziaka n'ọnụ, n'asụsụ asụsụ Burmese, yana akara ejiri kwado ya. Ihe ịrịba ama nke Yangon na Mandalay dị iche, mana o doro anya ma ha bụ otu asụsụ ma ọ bụ abụọ. Mmetụta dị n'asụsụ(ndị) ahụ gụnyere ASL n'ụlọ akwụkwọ niile, yana Asụsụ Ndị Ogbi nke Korea, Asụsụ Ndị Ogbi nke Australia, Asụsụ Ndị Ogbi nke Thai, na ikekwe ihe ndabere mpaghara. E hiwere ọrụ gọọmentị na 2010 iji guzobe asụsụ ogbi mba site n'enyemaka nke Japanese Federation of the Deaf.

A na-eji mkpụrụ akwụkwọ abụọ e ji aka dee eme ihe na Yangon: mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Aha Amerịka, nke a maara nke ọma maọbụ nke a na-amaghị nke ọma, na mkpụrụedemede nke dabere na Burmese nke a kụziri n'afọ 1970 na 1980.

## Edensibia

## Akwụkwọ ndị dị mkpa
*Foote, Ellen. "Negotiating language in a deaf classroom in Myanmar: lessons for mother tongue education." *Language, Culture and Curriculum* 33, no. 4 (2020): 417-432.
*Foote, Ellen. *Sign Languages and Linguistic Citizenship: A Critical Ethnographic Study of the Yangon Deaf Community*. Routledge, 2020.
Seton stitch

Seton ma ọ bụ seton stitch bụ usoro eji enyere aka gwọọ fistulae (njikọ na-adịghị mma n'etiti akụkụ ahụ ma ọ bụ arịa abụọ nwere epithelium). Okwu ahụ bụ "seton" sitere na sētōn Latin Medieval, nke sitere na sēta (nke pụtara "bristle" ma ọ bụ "ntutu") na mgbakwunye -ōn..

## Usoro
Usoro a gụnyere ịgba eriri ịwa ahụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, akwa silk) site na eriri fistula ka eriri ahụ wee mepụta eriri nke na-ejikọ n'èzí fistula. Eriri ahụ na-enye ụzọ nke na-ekwe ka fistula na-agbapụta mgbe niile ka ọ na-agwọ, kama ikwe ka mpụta ọnya ahụ mechie. Idebe oghere fistula mepere emepe nwere ike inyere aka igbochi njide nke pus ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ na-efe efe n'ime ọnya ahụ. Hippocrates kwuru maka usoro a.

Enwere ike ijikọta setons nke ọma ma ọ bụ nke na-enweghị isi na ihe dị iche iche, dabere na ọnọdụ anụ ahụ nke fistulae na ihe nwere ike ịchọ ọgwụ. Enwere ike ijikọta seton n'ụzọ na-enweghị isi dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị ike iji zere septic na ihe mgbu na-egbu mgbu, ma ọ bụ dị ka ihe nwa oge tupu ịwa ahụ dị ka fistulotomy ma ọ bụ fistulectomy. N'ụdị ụfọdụ nke fistulae, enwere ike ijikọta seton na nrụgide ma sie ike oge ụfọdụ. N'ọnọdụ a, eriri seton ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ebibi anụ ahụ dị n'ime eriri ahụ mgbe ọ na-agbaji n'azụ eriri ahụ, n'ụzọ bụ isi "na-ewepụ" fistula na-enweghị ịwa ahụ. Nke a bụ usoro Kshar-Sutra nke Sushruta kwuru na oge ochie nke India.

A na-eji eriri kee seton ahụ. A maara eriri ahụ maka ịkpata mkpesa. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, e mepụtala seton ndị na-enweghị eriri, nnyocha emere n'afọ 2020 gosiri na super seton dị otú ahụ na-ebelata mwepụta na ihe mgbu.

## Edesimbia
Mmetụta oke (ọgwụ)

N'ọgwụ, mmetụta oke bụ mmetụta nke oke ibu na-eto eto nke na-ebute mmetụta nke abụọ nke ọrịa site n'ịkwanye ma ọ bụ ịkwapụ anụ ahụ gbara ya gburugburu.

Na oncology, uka a na-ezo aka na etuto ahụ.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, kansa nke gland thyroid nwere ike ibute ihe mgbaàmà n'ihi mkpakọ nke ụfọdụ akụkụ isi na olu; nrụgide na akwara laryngeal nwere ike ibute mgbanwe olu, mbelata nke ọkpọkọ ikuku nwere ike ibute stridor, nrụgide na eriri afọ nwere ike ibute dysphagia na ihe ndị ọzọ. A na-eji mwepụ ma ọ bụ iwepụ ihe na-eme ka a na-awa ahụ belata mgbaàmà nke oke mmetụta ọbụlagodi na enweghị ike ịgwọ ọrịa ahụ.

N'ihe gbasara akwara ozi, mmetụta oke bụ mmetụta nke oke ọ bụla na-akpata, gụnyere, dịka ọmụmaatụ, hydrocephalus (mkpokọta mmiri cerebrospinal) ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba intracranial na-agbanwe agbanwe (ọgbụgba ọbara n'ime okpokoro isi) nke na-egosi hematoma dị oke mkpa n'ụlọọgwụ..  The hematoma can exert a mass effect on the brain, increasing intracranial pressure and potentially causing midline shift or deadly brain herniation. In the past this effect held additional diagnostic importance since prior to the invention of modern tomographic soft-tissue imaging utilizing MRI or CT it was not possible to directly image many kinds of primary intracranial lesions. Therefore, in those days, the mass effect of these abnormalities on surrounding structures was sometimes used to indirectly infer the existence of the primary abnormalities themselves, for example by using a cerebral angiography to observe the secondary vascular displacement caused by a subdural hematoma pushing on the brain, or by looking for a distortion caused by a tumor on the normal outline of the ventricles as depicted on a pneumoencephalogram. These studies were often invasive and uncomfortable for patients and provided only a partial assessment of the primary condition being evaluated. Nowadays modern diagnostic tools exist which allow physicians to easily locate and visualize all kinds of intracranial lesions without having to rely on indirect effects to make a reliable diagnosis.

## Edesibia
Ọrịa anụ ọhịa wolf na nkịta

thumb|Usoro nhazi nke L-methionine sulfoximine
Nsogbu Canine werewolf bụ nsogbu akwara nke methionine sulfoximine (MSO) na-egbu egbu, kemịkal sitere na otu sulfoximin. A hụlarị ọrịa ahụ na ọkara mbụ nke narị afọ nke 20, mana ọ kwụsịrị iji ntụ ọka na nitrogen trichloride (Usoro agene) site na 1950s gaa n'ihu (machibido iwu na 1958), nke na-emepụta methionine sulfoximine. Site n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ ruo n'ọnwarị 2024, e nwere mmụba n'ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-arịa ya na mba Europe dị iche iche, malite na Finland wee gbasaa na Germany na mba ndị ọzọ dị na Europe. Ihe kpatara ya bụ ụfọdụ ọkpụkpụ ehi si China bubata, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịghị mgbe akọwapụtara otú ihe a si banye n'ihe egwuregwu.

## Ihe mgbaama
Ọrịa Werewolf na-apụta ìhè n'ọnọdụ mgbanwe omume dị oke njọ dịka ịkwa ákwá, iti mkpu, na ọtụtụ mgbe omume ụgbọ elu nke ụjọ na-atụ, yana ịgbapụ ụmụ akwụkwọ na mmiri mmiri, mgbe ụfọdụ yana mmamịrị na-enweghị njikwa na mposi. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ọdịdọ izugbe na-emekwa. A na-ahụkwa nsogbu ije ije, obere hypothermia na tachycardia. Na afọ 2024, nkịta ndị dị ọkara, ndị dị afọ etiti na-emetụta nke ukwuu. Ọdịdọ ahụ na-adịru n'etiti nkeji ise na iri na ise ma na-eme ọtụtụ ugboro n'ụbọchị.

Nchọpụta dị iche iche gụnyere nsị site na ọgwụ ma ọ bụ mycotoxins, epilepsy, etuto ụbụrụ, na encephalitis.

## Ọgwụgwọ
N'ọnọdụ ndị dị oke njọ, a pụrụ inye trazodone, pregabalin, ma ọ bụ gabapentin; n'ọnọdụ ndị dị oke njọ, enwere ike iji dexmedetomidine mee ka ahụ dajụọ. N'ime anụmanụ ndị nwere nsogbu tonic-clonic zuru oke, ejirila ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke a na-ejikarị agwọ ọrịa epilepsy, dị ka phenobarbital, imepitoin, na levetiracetam, yana benzodiazepines n'ọnọdụ ndị nwere nnukwu nsogbu.

## Edensibịa

Otú:Ọrià
Mpaghara njikọta ahụike

Mpaghara njikọta ahụike (MIE) bụ ngwa pụrụ iche emebere iji mee ka ikekọrịta ọgwụ na data metụtara ya dị n'etiti akụrụngwa ahụike yana ndekọ ahụike eletrọnịkị. Teknụzụ, ha yiri ụgbọ ala ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ mana enwere ọtụtụ atụmatụ ndị ọzọ na-enye ohere maka sistemụ nketa na-adịghị eji ozi ọrụ weebụ. Na-emekarị, ha na-eji ọrụ ozi Java; Enwere ike gbanwee ọtụtụ sistemụ njikọta ngwa Enterprise ka ejiri ya mee ihe dị ka MIE mana enwere ike ọ nweghị HL7 na Arden syntax dị mkpa maka ịchekwa amamihe ahụike.

## Edemsibia
Usoro Ihe ọmụma Ọgwụ Na-echebe Nsogbu

Sistemụ Ozi Ahụike nke Na-elekwasị Anya na Nsogbu, ma ọ bụ PROMIS, bụ sistemụ hypertext nke e mere nke ọma maka idobe ndekọ nlekọta ahụike. E mepụtara PROMIS na Mahadum Vermont na 1976, nke Jan Schultz na Dr. Lawrence Weed, M.D. dere. 

O doro anya na ndị mepụtara usoro ZOG nke Mahadum Carnegie Mellon nwere nnukwu mmasị na PROMIS nke mere ka ha maliteghachikwa ọrụ ha.

PROMIS bụ sistemụ mmetụ aka na-emekọrịta ihe, nke na-enye ndị ọrụ ohere ịnweta ndekọ ahụike n'ime ọtụtụ ihe ọmụma ahụike.N'oge kachasị elu ya, usoro PROMIS nwere ihe karịrị usoro ihe ọmụma 60,000. 

A makwaara PROMIS maka nzaghachi ngwa ngwa ya, karịsịa maka oge ya.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke PROMIS Technology: Njikọ Mmadụ Dị irè (PDF faịlụ)
Endogenous agonist

N'ihe gbasara ọgwụ, ihe na-eme ka mmadụ nwee mmetụta uche (endogenous agonist) maka otu ihe na-anabata ihe bụ ihe e ji ahụ emepụta nke na-ejikọ ma na-eme ka ihe na-anabata ihe ahụ rụọ ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ihe na-eme ka mmadụ nwee mmetụta uche (endogenous agonist) maka ndị na-anabata ihe.

N'ozuzu, ndị na-anabata ihe maka obere molekul neurotransmitters dị ka serotonin ga-enwe naanị otu agonist endogenous, mana ọtụtụ mgbe ha nwere ọtụtụ ụdị ndị na-anabata ihe dị iche iche (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị na-anabata ihe dị iche iche iri na atọ maka serotonin. N'aka nke ọzọ, ndị na-anabata neuropeptide na-enwekarị obere ụdị, mana ha nwere ike inwe ọtụtụ ndị na-anabata endogenous dị iche iche. Nke a na-enye ohere maka nnukwu mgbagwoju anya na sistemụ mgbaàmà nke ahụ, yana anụ ahụ dị iche iche na-egosipụtakarị mmeghachi omume doro anya na otu ligand. A makwaara ụfọdụ ndị na-emegide endogenous na ndị na-emegide inverse (dịka ọmụmaatụ, kynurenic acid na onye na-anabata NMDA), mana ndị a adịkarịghị ahụkarị..

## Edemsibia
Condoms, agịga, na mkparịta ụka

Condom, agịga, na mkparita uka, nke a makwaara dị ka usoro CNN, bụ ụzọ mbelata mmerụ ahụ iji belata ọnụego nnyefe nke ọrịa ndị a na-ebute site na mmekọahụ dị ka HIV / AIDS site na:

* Inye condom na nkuzi mkparita uka nke mmekọ nwoke na nwanyi di nfe
* Inye agịga dị ọcha iji belata nnyefe site na iji ọgwụ injection

N'adịghị ka abstinence, kwesị ntụkwasị obi, jiri condom, ma ọ bụ "ABC" ụzọ maka nsogbu a, ụzọ "CNN" bụ isi n'ibelata ọnụego mgbasa ozi n'etiti otu ndị nwere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ dị ka ụmụ nwanyị nọ n'ebe ndị inyom nwere obere ọkwa nke ọha mmadụ, ndị akwụna na ndị ahịa ha, na ndị na-eji ọgwụ eme ihe.

## Nkatọ
Popu Benedict nke Iri na Isii katọrọ nke ukwuu atumatu mbelata n'ihe gbasara HIV/AIDS, na-ekwu na "ọ bụ ọdachi nke naanị ego agaghị emeri, nke a na-apụghị imeri site na nkesa condom, nke na-eme ka nsogbu ahụ ka njọ". A katọrọ ọnọdụ a n'ọtụtụ ebe maka ịkọwahie na ime ka ọrụ condom na-egbochi ọrịa.. Ndị ọkachamara ndị ọzọ, gụnyere onye isi ụlọ ọrụ nyocha Mgbochi Ọrịa AIDS nke Mahadum Harvard, kwadoro ọnọdụ Pope.

## Hụkwa

* HIV/AIDS na Brazil

## Njikọ mpụga

* CNN' (Condoms, Needles, Negotiation) na-arụ ọrụ ka mma karịa 'ABC' (Abstinence, Being Faithful and Condom Use) n'ịwakpo ọrịa AIDS? , S. Sinding, Guttmacher Institute
Connecticut Society of Social Hygiene

E guzobere **Connecticut Society of Social Hygiene** na 1911 iji "belata mgbasa nke ọrịa ọha na eze".  Site na mbọ agụmakwụkwọ ọha na eze, mgbanwe iwu, na ụzọ ndị ọzọ, Society gbalịrị iji eugenics mee ka ọha na eze mara ma metụta iwu ọha na eze. N'ịbụ ndị na-enweghị mmetụta n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ, na 1920 ha sonyeghachiri dị ka Connecticut Social Hygiene Association, Inc., alaka nke American Social Hygiène Association.

Dr. Thomas N. Hepburn, nna onye na-eme ihe nkiri Katharine Hepburn, so na ndị a ma ama bi na Connecticut hiwere otu a. Ya na nwunye ya, Katharine Martha Houghton Hepburn, na ndị otu ndị ọzọ, ha kwadoro maka agụmakwụkwọ mmekọahụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka afọ ndụ ha ma rụọ ọrụ iji gbochie mgbasa nke ọrịa ndị a na-ebute site na mmekọahụ (STD) ma ọ bụ ọrịa ndị a na-ebute site na mmekọahụ (STD).

## Ntọala
Òtù ahụ sitere na akwụkwọ mkpesa nke mmadụ 110 bi na Hartford, Connecticut bịanyere aka na ya na 1910. Akwụkwọ mkpesa ahụ gụrụ n'akụkụ "Anyị, ndị bịanyere aka n'okpuru, na-aghọta nnukwu ihe iyi egwu nye ụmụ mmadụ - omume, anụ ahụ, na ego, - nke ọrịa ndị sitere na ihe ọjọọ ọha na eze, kwenyere ịhazi onwe anyị ka anyị bụrụ otu maka ebumnuche nke ịmụ ụzọ, - ịdị ọcha omume, na nchịkwa, - nke nwere ike iyi anyị ka ọ kacha mma iji belata mgbasa nke ọrịa ndị a. "

## Edemsibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* "Guest Post: Eugenics na "Social Hygiene" na Hartford, CT". ''Akara ndị a na-akpọ A/P/A''
Leopold Einstein

**Leopold Einstein** (amụrụ Leopold Löb, 1833, nwụrụ na 8 Septemba 1890 na Nuremberg) bụ onye nkuzi, onye na-ere ahịa na onye ode akwụkwọ Juu.  Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ kwadoro Esperant.

Ọ bụ onye isi oche mbụ nke "Nürnberger Weltspracheverein", otu Volapük nzukọ nke e guzobere na 18 Febụwarị 1885, ma nọgide na-abụ onyeisi oche ruo mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm n'ihi ọrịa na 22 Febụwarụ 1888. Ọ bụ onye nkwado siri ike nke Volapük, ma dee ihe dị ka edemede 200 n'asụsụ German banyere ya. N'afọ 1885, o bipụtara akwụkwọ edemede asụsụ German banyere mgbalị ịmepụta asụsụ ụwa site na Leibniz ruo ugbu a.

Mgbe Einstein gụrụ Unua Libro nke L. L. Zamenhof na 1888, ọ ghọrọ onye Esperantist ma malite idegara Zamenhof akwụkwọ ozi. Ọ malitere ịrụsi ọrụ ike maka òtù Esperanto n'agbanyeghị mwakpo nke ndị ọrụ ibe ya Volapükist. Akwụkwọ nta ya nke asụsụ German ghọrọ ntọala maka Esperanto movement na Germany ọbụna mgbe a na-egbochi Esperanto na Russia maka ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. N'ihi mmetụta ya, Nürnberger Weltspracheverein ghọrọ Esperantist na 1888. Einstein dere ezigbo akwụkwọ nkuzi mbụ na Esperanto, ebe o gosipụtara nnọchiaha na adverbs nke asụsụ ahụ na tebụl. O webatara mgbanwe na ọtụtụ okwu mgbọrọgwụ nke asụsụ ahụ.

Mgbe Einstein nwụsịrị, Zamenhof dere na a ga-ede aha ya na mkpụrụedemede ọla edo n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Esperanto. Otú ọ dị, mgbe e mesịrị, n'oge mgbanwe Esperanto nke 1894, Zamenhof mere mkpesa na mgbanwe ahụ amalitela mgbe ndị otu Nuremberg nke Einstein "hapụrụ Volapük ma ghọọ Esperantists, na ọnọdụ na a ga-eme mgbanwe dị mkpa (n'echiche ha) na Esperanto. "

Na emume 100th nke ọnwụ Einstein, e kogidere ihe ncheta na Nuremberg nke na-echeta ụlọ ebe o bi.

## Akwụkwọ

* lingvo internacia als beste Lösung des internationalen Weltspracheproblems: Vorwort, Grammatik und Styl nebst Stammwörter-Verzeichniß nach dem Entwurf des Pseudonymen Dr. Esperanto / zum ersten Male methodisch geordnet und ausgearbeitet von Leopold Einstein. - Nürnberg: Verl. Buch- & Kunsthandlung nke von J. A. Stein, 1888. - peeji nke 78.

## Edensibia
Ụlọ Ọrụ Ahụike Ọha nke Chile

The Public Health Institute of Chile (**ISP**) bụ òtù ọha na eze nke na-akwalite ma na-echebe ahụike ọha na eze na Chile. Kemgbe afọ 2019, ISP abụrụla onye otu Vaccine Safety Net (VSN), netwọkụ weebụsaịtị zuru ụwa ọnụ nke Òtù Ahụike Ụwa (WHO) guzobere.

## Edemsibia
Ọnwụ ndị okenye

**ọnwụ ndị okenye** bụ ọnwụ nke onye toro eto n'agbata afọ 15 na 60. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị okenye na-anwụ na-ezo aka na ohere nke ịnwụ n'etiti afọ 15 na 60 gosipụtara kwa 1,000 mmadụ. Ebe ọ bụ na ndị okenye bụ afọ kachasị na-arụpụta ihe n'ụzọ akụ na ụba, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị okenye na-anwụ bụ ihe dị mkpa maka nyocha zuru oke nke usoro ọnwụ n'ime ndị mmadụ.

## Edemsibia


## Hụkwa

* Ọnwụ ụmụaka
* Ọnwụ ụmụaka
Mmemme Enyemaka na Mbinye Ego Mmụta Anya na Telemedicine

Mmemme enyemaka Distance Learning and Telemedicine Grant and Loan Program (DLT) bụ mmemme nke iwu ugbo nke afọ 1990 (P.L. 101-624) kwadoro inye onyinye nye ụlọ akwụkwọ ime obodo na ndị na-enye nlekọta ahụike iji nyere ha aka itinye ego na ụlọ ọrụ nkwukọrịta na akụrụngwa iji weta akụrụngwa agụmakwụkwọ na ahụike n'ime ime obodo ebe ọrụ ndị a nwere ike ọ gaghị adị. Iwu ugbo nke afọ 1996 (P.L. 104-127) nyere ikike ọzọ ma mee ka mmemme ahụ ka mma. 

E nyekwara usoro ihe omume ahụ ikike ọzọ na Iwu ugbo nke afọ 2002 (P.L. 107-171, Sec. 6203). 

DLT na-achịkwa site na Rural Utilities Service.

## Edemsibia

* 

## Njikọ mpụga
Usoro Ahụike nke Ebe Ugwu Ọwụwa Anyanwụ

Northeast Health System, netwọk nke ụlọ ọgwụ, bụ nke ụlọ ọgwụ atọ dị n'ebe ugwu New York guzobere. N'afọ 2011, Northeast jikọtara ya na usoro ahụike abụọ ọzọ iji guzobe St. Peter's Health Partners.

## Ụlọ ọgwụ ndị otu

* Ụlọ Ọgwụ Ncheta Albany,
* Ụlọ Ọgwụ St. Peter (Albany, New York),
* Ụlọ Ọgwụ Sameria (Troy, New York) ,
* Ụlọ Ọgwụ Sunnyview na Rehabilitation Center (Schenectady) .

Ụlọ Ọrụ Ahụike Northeast kwupụtara aha ọhụrụ ha ma ga-arụ ọrụ dịka "Ụlọ Ọgwụ Samaritan na Eddy Foundation".[1]

N'afọ 2011, Northeast Health System, St. Peter's Health Care Services, na Seton Health jikọtara ọnụ iji guzobe St. Peter 's Health Partners.

## Edemsibia
Ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na Zimbabwe

Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Nchịkwa Ọgwụ nke Zimbabwe (MCAS) bụ otu iwu kwadoro nke Zimbabwe nke na-ahụ maka ichebe ahụike ọha na eze na anụmanụ.[1][2] E guzobere ya na Septemba 1, 1969 site na Iwu nke Palịament nke a kpọrọ Ọgwụ na Ihe Ndị Allied Substances Control Act.[1][2][3] MCAZ bụ onye nọchiri Kansụl Njikwa Ọgwụ (DCC) na Ụlọ Nyocha Njikwa Ọgwụ nke Zimbabwe Regional (ZRDCL).[2] Kemgbe 2020, MCAZ abụrụla onye otu Vaccine Safety Net (VSN), netwọk zuru ụwa ọnụ nke weebụsaịtị nke Òtù Ahụike Ụwa (WHO) guzobere.[1] Dịka ọ dị na 2021, MCAZ nwere ndị ọrụ 101 ruo 250.[2] MCAZ ghọrọ Òtù WHO Global Benchmarking Maturity Level 3 Authority na June 2024.

## Ihe odide
Acholia

**Acholia** bụ feces charọt, n'ihi enweghị bile nke na-ebute agba aja aja nkịtị. Ọ bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke mbelata bilirubin conjugated n'ime eriri afọ, n'ihi nsogbu nke imeju n'onwe ya ma ọ bụ na biliary osisi.

## Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà
Acholia na-ebute nchara nchara.

## Ihe kpatara ya
Ọnọdụ nke na-ezobe ntakịrị ma ọ bụ na-enweghị bile ma ọ bụ na-egbochi mmiri bile n'ime tract digestive. Acholia bụ ihe ịrịba ama nke ọtụtụ ọrịa, dị ka ịba ọcha n'anya.

## Okwu mmalite
Grik oge ochie: a + *chole* (na-enweghị bile).

## Hụkwa

* Choluria

## Edemsibia

## Njikọ mpụga
Nchịkọta data kacha nta nke mba

N'ihe gbasara ahụike, obere dataset nke mba bụ nchekwa data nke nzukọ ahụike nke ebe nchekwa etiti nwere.

"Opekempe" na-egosi na mpaghara data ga-abụ naanị ndị achọrọ iji chịkọta ozi maka ebumnuche nke ịhazi usoro ahụike na mba ahụ yana maka ịkọ ozi achọrọ dị ka mba ndị otu WHO.

## Hụkwa

* Ntọala data kacha nta (MDS), US 
* Ntọala data kacha nta nke mba maka Nlekọta Ọha na eze (NMDS-SC), England
* Ntọlite ​​data ndị nọọsụ kacha nta (NMDS), US

## Edemsibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* New Zealand NMDS
* National Minimum Dataset (Hospital Events) data dictionary
Usoro nlekọta ndị ọrịa

Usoro nchịkwa ndị ọrịa (nke a na-emekarị ka ọ bụrụ PAS) mepụtara site na ịrụ ọrụ n' onwe ya nke akwụkwọ nchịkwa na ụlọ ọrụ nlekọta ahụike, ọkachasị ụlọ ọgwụ, ma bụrụ otu n'ime isi ihe ndị mejupụtara akụrụngwa IT nke ụlọ ọgwụ. PAS na ndekọ ọnụọgụ mmadụ nke onye ọrịa (dịka aha, adreesị ụlọ, ụbọchị ọmụmụ) ma kọwaa mmekọrịta niile onye ọrịa na ụlọ ọgwụ, ma onye na-anọghị n'ụlọ ọgwụ ma onye nọ n'ụlọ.

A na-akatọkarị usoro PAS maka inye naanị ọrụ nchịkwa nye ụlọ ọgwụ, mana mbọ iji nye ọrụ ahụike na ọrụ ndị ọzọ abụrụla ihe na-efu nnukwu ego. 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Na UK, e mepụtara IRC PAS na North Staffordshire Health Authority na ngwụcha afọ 1960.  A malitere iji ya mee ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ime NHS ma ICL kwadoro ya n'ụzọ azụmahịa. Siemens Nixdorf nwetara PAS na 1996 mana ọ kwụsịrị nkwado na 1998.  A na-azọrọ na ọrụ NPfIT etinyela ngụkọta nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ 141 nke PAS site na 2008  mana ọnụ ọgụgụ a arịgoola naanị 170 site na 2010. 

## Ọrụ PAS Standard
Usoro PAS na-enye ọtụtụ ọrụ dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọgwụ:

# Ndepụta Onye Ọrịa Ukwu
# Ntinye aha
# Nchịkwa Ndepụta Na-echere
# Ihe ndekọ nke Ọrụ Ndị Ọrịa
# Nlaghachi Ọrụ / Ịkwụ ụgwọ
# Akụkọ
# Ntinye aka

## Edemsibia
Ihe ize ndụ zuru oke

Ihe egwu zuru oke (ma ọ bụ AR) bụ ohere ma ọ bụ ohere nke ihe omume.  A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe maka ọnụọgụ ihe merenụ (dịka ọrịa) nke mere n'otu otu, nke e kewara site na ọnụọgụgụ mmadụ nọ n'otu ahụ.

Ihe egwu zuru oke bụ otu n'ime ụzọ ndị a kacha ghọta esi akọwapụta ihe egwu ahụike nye ọha na eze..

N'adịghị ka ihe ize ndụ zuru oke, Ihe ize ndụ dị iche iche (RR) bụ oke nke ohere nke nsonaazụ n'ime otu a kpughere na ohere nke nsoni n'ime ìgwè a na-enweghị.

## Hụkwa

* Mbelata ihe ize ndụ zuru oke
* Mbelata nke ihe ize ndụ

## Edensibia

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
FLAMES (ọgwụ)

Ọrịa FLAIR-hyperintense na encephalitis nke nwere ihe ọdịdọ (FLAMES) nke na-akpata mgbochi MOG bụ ihe dị n'okpuru ọgwụ nke ọrịa myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody metụtara..

Ọ bụ ọrịa a na-adịghị ahụ mgbe niile,nke a hụrụ na mbụ na 2017, naanị ole na ole ka a maara n'akwụkwọ ndị a..

## Edensibịa

Otú:Ọrià
Ụkpụrụ SAID

N'ime nhazigharị anụ ahụ na ọzụzụ egwuregwu, ụkpụrụ SAID na-ekwu na ahụ mmadụ na-agbanwe kpọmkwem ka ọ dabara na ihe ndị a chọrọ. Ọ na-egosi na, nyere nrụgide na usoro mmadụ, a ga-enwe mgbanwe a kapịrị ọnụ maka ihe achọrọ (SAID).  Dịka ọmụmaatụ, site na ime naanị pull-ups n'otu ogwe a na-adọta mgbe niile, ahụ na-eme ka ọ kwekọọ na mkpa anụ ahụ a, mana ọ bụghị na usoro ịrị ugwu ndị ọzọ ma ọ bụ gburugburu ebe obibi.

N'afọ 1958, Prọfesọ Berkeley nke Mmụta Anụ Ahụ Franklin M. Henry tụpụtara "Mmetụta Pụrụ Iche nke Mmụta Moto"". &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Hụkwa

* Ọzụzụ maka ume
* Nnukwu ụgwọ ọrụ
* Ọzụzụ Na-adabere na ọsọ (VBT) 

## Edemsibia
Nkwado Ọgwụ Ndị A Na-enweta Nkwado

Mmemme enyemaka ọgwụ ndị ezumike nka bụ mmemme nke Centre for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) na-enye iji kwụọ ndị na-akwado atụmatụ ahụike (obodo, ndị otu na ndị were onwe ha n'ọrụ) maka akụkụ nke mmefu ha tozuru maka uru ọgwụ ndenye ndị lara ezumike nka. Nke a na-enyere ndị na-akwado atụmatụ aka ịga n'ihu na-enye ndị ọrụ ezumike nka Medicare ha ruru eru mkpuchi ọgwụ na ọnụ ala dị ala.

Uru nke mmemme RDS maka ndị na-akwado atụmatụ isonye gụnyere: 

* Nkwado gọọmentị etiti nke ruru pasentị 28 Qualifying Covered Retiree's costsEnyemaka gọọmentị etiti nhata 28 pasenti iru eru ezumike nka maka ọgwụ ndenye ma ọ bụghị nke Medicare Part D kpuchiri ya bụ nke sitere na ụgwọ ọgwụ dị otú ahụ n'etiti ọnụ ahịa ọnụ ahịa na oke ọnụ ahịa. 
* Ọnụ ego ebutere (gụnyere ụgwọ nkesa) nke onye nkwado atụmatụ ahụike na-akwụ, yana nke onye lara ezumike nka na-akwụ, tozuru maka enyemaka. A na-ewepụ ego nkwụghachi ụgwọ enwetara na ego ruru maka enyemaka. 
* Mgbanwe mmemme nke na-akwado usoro atụmatụ ọgwụ ndenye ọgwụ ugbu a nke Atụmatụ Ahụike
* Ihe mmụta dị ukwuu na nkwado

Iji ruo eru maka enyemaka ego, onye nkwado Atụmatụ Ahụike ga-egosi na mkpuchi ya "dakọtara n'ezie" na, ma ọ bụ opekata mpe dị ka mmesapụ aka dịka, mkpuchi mkpuchi Medicare Part D akọwapụtara.

## Edemsibia
Kazutaka Kogi

**Kazutaka Kogi** (amụrụ n'afọ 1933) bụ onye nkuzi obodo Japan nke a maara maka onyinye ya maka ntinye aka dị mfe, dị ọnụ ala na obere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe nke na-emeziwanye ọnọdụ ọrụ maka ndị ọrụ ma n'otu oge ahụ na-eme ka mmepụta ihe niile nke ndị ọrụ.

Usoro ndị a dabere na mgbanwe dị mfe na nke dị ọnụ ala, na ngwọta mpaghara maka nsogbu mpaghara dị oke mkpa, ọkachasị na mmekorita dị n'etiti ụlọ ahịa na ọkwa njikwa. Ụzọ a maka imekọ ihe ọnụ ma ọ bụ isonye ga-ekwe omume n'ihi na a na-egosi itinye aka dị ka ihe ga-emeri ndị otu abụọ ahụ. Kogi na ndị ọrụ ibe ya Kageyo Noro webatara echiche nke ergonomics na Singapore n'afọ 1983 

Kogi arụwo ọrụ nke ukwuu maka otu ụzọzo nke bụ International Labour Organization ma bụrụ osote onye isi oche maka International Commission on Occupational Health (ICOH) n'afọ 2006-2009.

N'afọ 2022, e nyere ya onyinye ICOH Lifetime Achievement Award 

## Ihe edeturu


## Hụkwa

* Work improvement in small enterprises

## Edemsibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke Dr. Kazutaka Kogi - (gụnyere CV) 
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ọrịa a na-anabata

Ọrịa a na-anabata bụ "nkwekọrịta a ma ama n'etiti usoro ahụike nke onye ọrịa na nke onye na-arịa ọrịa na-eche echiche." &#x5B;**&#x5D;

E gosipụtara na obodo ndị America nwere oke nnagide ọrịa, n'otu akụkụ n'ihi ọgwụgwọ ha na-enweta na usoro ahụike. Na psychopathology, nnagide nchekasị na-akọwa "ikike a na-eche na ọ nwere ike iguzogide mmetụta uche na-adịghị mma na / ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ na-adịghị asọ oyi". 

N'okike, egosila na usoro ahụike nke osisi na-echebe megide pathogens site na usoro nnagide. Nchebe a "na-ebelata ihe na-emetụta mmebi anụ ahụ, ma ọ bụ ụgwọ ahụike ndị ọzọ, nke pathogens ma ọ bụ mmeghachi omume ahụike megide ha kpatara".

## Ihe odide
Mkpụrụ osisi na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ

**Mkpụrụ osisi na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ** bụ Ihe mgbakwunye nri nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ nri na akwụkwọ nri, yana ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ sitere na osisi. A na-agwakọta ha na mmiri tupu a rie ha, ma ọ bụ tinye ha na nri, gụnyere mgbe a na-esi nri.

## Ihe ndị mejupụtara ya
A na-esi n'ụdị akwụkwọ nri, mkpụrụ osisi, algae, ahịhịa, ahịhịa na ihe ndị ọzọ sitere na osisi eme ihe ahịhịa ndụ. Akara ngwa ngwa na-edekarị pre na probiotics, antioxidants na vitamin dị iche iche.

## Nkwupụta ahụike
Consumption has been cited as partially making up for insufficient vegetable consumption. &#x5B;**&#x5D; Greens powders have been claimed to boost immunity and reduce chronic disease risk, but research continues into the supplement's long-term effects. They generally come without recommendations from dietary experts.

## Hụkwa

* Ihe mgbakwunye nri

## Edemsibia
Nnyocha akụ na ụba

**Nnyocha akụ na ụba** bụ usoro nke nleba anya n'usoro, nha na nleba anya nke ntinye na nsonazụ nke ọrụ abụọ ọzọ, na nyocha nke na-esote nke ndị a.. Ebumnuche nke nleba anya akụ na ụba bụ ịchọpụta usoro kachasị mma nke omume, dabere na ihe akaebe dị. A na-arụkarị ya n'ọrụ na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ahụike na nyocha teknụzụ ahụike; na UK, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence na-ebipụta ụkpụrụ nduzi maka omume nke nyocha akụ na ụba.

## Ụdị
Nnyocha akụ na ụba nwere ike ịnwe ọtụtụ ụdị, ya bụ:

* Nnyocha uru na ọnụahịa
* Nnyocha ọnụ ahịa
* Nnyocha ọnụahịa
* Nyocha ihe ga-esi na ya pụta

## Edemsibia
Nri Sonoma

Weebụsaịtị gọọmentịSonoma Diet (nke a makwaara dị ka Nri Sonoma Diet) bụ atụmatụ ndụ nke onye na-ahụ maka nri na-edozi ahụ bụ Connie Guttersen chepụtara, ọ bụkwa ihe sitere na Nri Mediterenian.[1]

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nri

## Edemsibia

## Njikọ mpụga

*
Usoro Nnyocha Ahụike zuru oke

Mmemme Nnyocha Ahụike zuru oke bụ usoro[1] na-aga nke ọma n'ọgwụgwọ maka inye akụkọ ahụike zuru oke maka ndị ọrịa nwere nkwarụ .A na-echekwa ozi ahụ n'otu ebe dị n'etiti, nke onye ọrịa na ndị na-elekọta ha na ndị na'ọrụ ha rụzuru.

Gọọmentị Queensland  yana steeti ndị ọzọ dị na Australia na-eji CHAP eme ihe ugbu a. Dr. Nick Lennox haziri mmemme ahụ na Mahadum nke Queensland.

## Edemsibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Gọọmentị Queensland CHAP
* Ihe onwunwe NDIS Investment
Ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa

Ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa na-adabere n’ọtụtụ ihe sitere n’ime ahụ (endogenous sources).“Risk of infection” bụ nchọpụta nọọsụ (nursing diagnosis) nke a kọwara dịka ọnọdụ ebe mmadụ nọ n’ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa site n’aka nje ma ọ bụ ihe na-ebute ọrịa (dịka virus, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, ma ọ bụ nje ndị ọzọ), nke nwere ike isi n’ime ahụ ya (endogenous) ma ọ bụ n’èzí (exogenous) bịa.A nabatara nchọpụta a site n’aka NANDA n’afọ 1986. N’agbanyeghị na onye ọ bụla nwere ike ibute ọrịa site n’aka nje na-ebute ọrịa, ndị ọrịa nwere nchọpụta a nọ n’ihe ize ndụ dị elu, ya mere a ga-atụle ma tinye usoro nchebe pụrụ iche iji gbochie ibute ọrịa.

Ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa na-adabere n’ọtụtụ ihe sitere n’ime ahụ .Ọnwụ ọbara na-adịgide adịgide na-eduga n’ụkọ aja ikwe nke ahụ na ihe oriri dị mkpa maka mmepụta na arụmọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ nchebe ahụ . Nke a na-eme ka ike ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ daa, ma tinye onye ọrịa n’ihe ize ndụ ka ukwuu nke ibute ọrịa.

A ga-ajụ onye ọrịa gbasara akụkọ ya banyere ibute ọrịa ugboro ugboro, mgbaàmà nke ọrịa, njem ọ mere n’oge na-adịbeghị anya gaa n’ebe nwere nnukwu ihe ize ndụ, na akụkọ banyere ọgwụ mgbochi ya. A ga-enyocha ya maka ihe ngosi doro anya dịka ịdị adị nke ọria ọkụ , maobu  ihe àmà nke ụkọ nri n’ahụ.

Usoro nlekọta nọọsụ pụrụ iche ga-adabere n’ụdị na ogo (njọ ma ọ bụ ịdị arọ) nke ihe ize ndụ ahụ.A ga-akụziri ndị ọrịa otú ha ga-esi amata mgbaàmà nke ọrịa na otú ha ga-esi belata ihe ize ndụ ha. Ịwa ahụ  bụ otu n’ime ihe na-akpatakarị ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa, ya mere dọkịta nwere ike ịnye ọgwụ nje tupu oge eruo iji gbochie ọrịa . Iji ọgwụ mgbochi bụkwa otu n’ime usoro ọgwụgwọ a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka ndị nọ n’ihe ize ndụ dị elu nke ibute ọrịa. Ịsa aka nke ọma bụ ụzọ kacha mma isi kwụsị njikọ nke ibute ọrịa.
PIACT

PIACT bụ mkpọaha maka mmemme nke International Labour Organisation mepụtara maka imeziwanye ahụike na nchekwa ọrụ.E si n'aha French ya bụ Programme international pour l'amélioration des conditions et du milieu de travail (PIACT) nweta mkpọaha okwu a, mana a makwaara ya nke ọma n'aha Bekee ya bụ Programme for the Improvement of Working Conditions and Environment. 

Òtù Mba Nile Maka Ọrụ malitere mmemme a n'afọ 1976 dịka Nzukọ Mba Nile Maka Ọrụ si kwuo. E mere PIACT iji kwalite ma ọ bụ kwado omume ndị na-achọ "ime ka ọrụ bụrụ nke mmadụ". Ihe omume a na-echegbu onwe ya maka imeziwanye ogo ndụ ọrụ na nkọwa sara mbara. Nke a gụnyere mgbochi nke Ihe mberede na ọrịa n'ọrụ, itinye ụkpụrụ ergonomics n'ọrụ n'ụzọ sara mbara, ịkwalite nhazi ọrụ na "nchegbu ka ukwuu maka ihe mmadụ na mbufe nke teknụzụ".

PIACT emeela ka e bipụta ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, ọkachasị akwụkwọ ntuziaka Mmezi Ọrụ na obere ụlọ ọrụ (WISE).

## Ihe edeturu


## Edemsibia

* 

*  (Nchịkọta ndị na-enye ọzụzụ)
Ndepụta nke mmemme nchedo ndị ntorobịa ugbu a

Ndepụta nke mmemme nchekwa ntị ndị ntorobịa ugbu a na UK.

* Ndị nchekwa!!
* Ekwela ka egwu ahụ funahụ gị 
* Ọ bụ mbara ala na-eme mkpọtụ 
* Ndị ntorobịa nwere ahụike!
* Decibels dị ize ndụ 
* Ntị Ndị Amamihe!
* NỤỌ  ihe nke ọma  

* Nchekwaba ndị ọrụ ntorobịa
* Enweghị ike ịnụ ihe
* Nchekwa maka ịnụ ihe
* Ekweisi 

## Edensibia
Ebe ịsa ahụ na Nauheim

Ịsa ahụ Nauheim bụ ịsa ahụ pụrụ iche nke a na-aṅụ na mmiri nke a na-esi na ya apụta ikuku carbon dioxide.A na-eme mmega ahụ n'usoro n'ime ịsa ahụ a maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa obi.A kpọrọ usoro a aha obodo Bad Nauheim, nke dị na Jamanị.nke a maara maka mmiri na okpomọkụ ya sitere n'okike.

## Edensibia

*
Ogige ịta ahụhụ Billy

Billy's Bootcamp bụ mmemme mmega ahụ nke Billy Blanks mepụtara. O kere omenala pop na Japan na 2007, yiri mmetụta Tae Bo nwere na US na mbụ, na-ere ihe karịrị 200,000 na May nke otu afọ ahụ naanị.

Billy Blanks gara Japan na June 21, 2007 iji kwalite Bootcamp. Mgbe Blanks bịarutere bụ ndị Fans Japan 200 bụ ndị ji ịhụnanya na-akpọ ya nabatara ya"Taicho" (Japanese: 隊長, onyeisi) na Narita International Airport. Blanks ọnụ n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi TV nke Japan n'oge ọtụtụ ụbọchị iri na Japan dị ka SMAP" id="mwFw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="SMAP">SMAP×SMAP ebe Shingo Katori, onye otu ụmụ nwoke Japan a ma ama SMAP, mere Blanks..

Egwuregwu vidiyo dabere na mmemme a, akpọrọ Billy's Bootcamp: Wii de Enjoy! Nri A tọhapụrụ Diet na 2011 naanị na Japan maka Wii,  dị ka nke atọ na nke ikpeazụ nke Rocket Company's Shape Boxing fitness game trilogy.

## Edemsibia
Njem

Procidencenia bụ nnukwu ihe na-eme ka akụkụ ahụ daa site n'ọnọdụ anatomical ya nkịtị, nke na-abụkarị ihe na-eme ka akpanwa daa.[1][2]

## Hụkwa

* Uterine prolapse (na Female genital prolapse) 
* Ọkpụkpụ azụ
* Nkwụsị

## Edemsibia
Ọrụ LabScam

Operation LabScam bụ nyocha gọọmentị United States mere n'afọ 1990 site n'aka otu ọrụ mmadụ asaa n'ime ha gbasara aghụghọ ịkwụ ụgwọ ụlọ nyocha nke butere ntaramahụhụ ruru nde $800.  

Omume ịkwụ ụgwọ aghụghọ gụnyere ụlọ nyocha gụnyere ịkwụ ụgwọ maka Medicare na mmemme nlekọta ahụike gọọmenti ọzọ maka ule na-adịghị mkpa na ahụike, ule emelitere koodu, ule ndị a na-emebeghị, na inye ndị dọkịta ụgwọ azụ.

E tinyere aka na nyocha ndịa:Damon Clinical Laboratories, SmithKline Beecham Clinical Labories (SBCL), Corning Life Sciences, Liberty Testing Laboratory.

## Edensibịa