Mushtaq Ahmed Azmi

Mushtaq Ahmed Azmi (1 June 1919 – 12 Julaị 2011), bụ ọkaibe n'agụm akwụkwọ ọtụtụ.  Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ na- ndị nke ọdịiche ya na mmepụta nke mmemme ndị na-eto eto na India site na ọhụrụ 1950s, ma bụrụkwa onye ndu oge mbụ nke mbụ isi.  Dị ka onye ọrụ UNESCO, ezitere ya na Africa wee nye ya nhọrọ iduzi mmemme ịgụ akwụkwọ na Nigeria na Zambia .  Onye akụkụ anya mba Britain na onye isi nkwado bụ isi na UNESCO John Bowers nyere ya ọnọdụ na UNESCO.

N'ime afɔ iri isii ya na-arụ ọrụ, ọ na-eduzi ọtụtụ ọnwụ ma dee akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nkà na ẹzà, nke ndị na-eso na ndị na-eme ihe ihe na-eme ihe ike na-eji ngalaba ndị okenye .

Ọ akụkụ njikwa, nleba anya na nyọ maka mmemme mmuta nke mba dị ka Mgbasa Ozi Ngụta Akwụkwọ (TLC) na Post Literacy Programs (PLP), ma bụrụ onye na-akwado ahọrọ ogologo ndụ .

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A Mini Mushtaq Ahmed Azmi n'obodo nta nke Rajapur Sikror, Saraimeer Azamgarh district, Uttar Pradesh .  Ya mere, suffix Azmi .  O mechara daa suffix ahụ na-ekwu maka ahụike ebe ahụ mgbe ọ dị obere awụ asaa.  Agụm akwụkwọ mbụ bụ na Burma n'okpuru nwanne nna ya.  Mgbe e kewasịrị Burma na India na 1935, ọ la nchekwa India wee debanye aha na-abụ Jubilee na Lucknow, UP.

Ka ọ na-erule oge ọ dị afọ 33 na 1952, ọ natala Njikọ Ọzụzụ Ndị Otu UNESCO .  Ahmed malitere usoro ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ UNESCO na-aga Jamaica (ọnwa atọ na ọkara), Haiti (izu abụọ), Puerto Rico (izu abụọ), na Nairobi (otu ọnwa na ọkara). N'ime usoro ihe omume ahụ dum, ọ nwetara ọzụzụ ọzọ na mmemme mmepụta ihe, usoro nke ide akwụkwọ ederede na ihe ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ na-esote, nyocha na nchịkwa mmụta dị mkpa iji mepụta ihe ndị dị mma dịka mmasị na ọkwa nke nghọta nke ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ okenye, usoro nke nkesa, ihe atụ, mbipụta, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mmemme mmepụta, mgbasa ozi ịgụ akwụkwọ na mmepe obodo. Ọ zụkwara ọzụzụ n'ịhazi, inye ego, inye ndị ọrụ na ịkwado ụlọ ọrụ agụmagụ asụsụ obodo yana ịmụta njikọ nke ọrụ mmepụta ya na usoro agụmakwụkwọ na mmemme mmụta ọtụtụ. 

Na 1954, Ahmed akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Master of Communication Arts na Mahadum Michigan State na East Lancing, Michigan, United States.

N'ime afọ 20 ya, Ahmed ike ọrụ nkasi obi na ngalaba ụgbọ oloko na akwa akwa na United Provinces nke British India ebe ọ akụkụ n'etiti Bekee na Urdu.

Otú ọ dị, kpọmkwem n'oge oge akwụkwọ onwe nke India na 1947, Dr. Zakir Husain - onye-achọ nke Flooche oche nke atọ nke India - dụrụ ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ ume ka hapụ ọrụ colonial wee sonye na ọrụ ụlọ.  Ahmed rubere isi ụzọ wee sonye na Jamia Millia Islamia na 1948, ebe o dere, chịkọta ma dezie ihe ngụsị akwụkwọ na-esote maka ndị akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ.

Nke a bụ akara mmalite nke ọrụ bara ụba na-esote afọ iri isii nke Mushtaq Ahmed hibere, megharia, chịkọta na isi ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ metụtara ndị okenye, agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị na ịga n'ihu dị ka akọwapụtara n'okpuru.

N'ime afọ atọ ozugbo nwesịrị nnwere onwe nke India (1948–51), o dewo, dezie ma kwado akwụkwọ nta 300 maka ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ, 100 n'ime ha na-ebipụta n'aha gọọmentị India. 

Mgbe ọ lọtara site na mmemme mmekọ UNESCO, a na-eju Mushtaq ka ọ bụrụ ike ngalaba ikike ndị nwoke, ebe ọ ruo ruo 1955.  Iche mba ụwa na Mysore nke ọ zara n'eziokwu ma jide ọnọdụ ahụ ruo 1957.

Ọ laghachiri na New Delhi na 1958 ka ọ bụrụ onye isi nke Research, Training and Production Center n'ime Jamia Millia Islamia ruo 1960. 

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Oriakụ Welthy Honsinger Fisher hibela Akwụkwọ edemede na Lucknow, UP, na 1956 na Maazị Mahatma Gandhi.  [1] Ọka ego site na Education World, NY Archived  , na 1958 [1] Mushtaq Ahmed bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ mbụ ya jere ozi site na 1960 ruo 1964 na Lucknow.

Mgbe ọ laghachiri India na 1978, ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke Director, Center for Development of Women and Youth na Aligarh, UP. Ọ tụgharịrị na New Delhi na 1982, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nke State Resource Center n'ime Jamia Millia Islamia. Na 1990, ọ maliteghachiri n'ọkwa ya dị ka Director of Literacy House na Lucknow, UP wee nọrọ ebe ahụ ruo 1993.

.  A ahụmahụ ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche nke National Institute of Adult Education (NIAE) na 1995, Ministry of Human Resource Development (HRD), Gọọmenti India, na New Delhi [1] N'otu oge, ọ bụkwa onye isi oche nke  National Core Group., Mpụga Evaluation of Total Literacy Campaign (TLC)/Post-Literacy Programs (PLP), atumatu nke Ministry of HRD, Gọọmenti India, New Delhi [2] Ọ na-abụ mbụ ruo 1999 na nke ikpeazụ, ruo  2001

## Mbipụta
Mushtaq Ahmed bụ onye edemede mara mma. Ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya e bipụtara metụtara agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye nke na-eje ozi dị ka akwụkwọ ntụaka maka ndị nchọpụta na ndị ọkà mmụta ka edepụtara n'okpuru: 

* Nyochaa Ihe Ọgụgụ Maka Ndị Neoliterates na Ọmụmụ nke Mkpa Ọgụgụ na Mmasị ha, Nnyocha, Ọzụzụ na Ụlọ Ọrụ Mmepụta, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 1958    
* Nnyocha nke ihe ọgụgụ maka ndị Neoliterates, Research, Training and Production Center, JMI na India Adult Education Association, Govt. nke India, New Delhi, 1957 
* Ọmụmụ nke Mmemme Post- Literacy (PLP), 1957 
* Ọmụmụ nke Mmemme Post- Literacy (PLP), 1958 
* Ịkụziri ndị okenye ka ha gụọ na dee, State Resource Center (SRC), Jamia, New Delhi, 1959 
* Ihe mmuta na-eme ndị mmadụ, Ministry of Education, New Delhi, Govt. nke India, 1965 
* Nnyocha nke Ngwa Ọgụgụ maka Neoliterates, Research, Training and Production Center, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 1985 
* Ogologo ole? , Akwụkwọ akụkọ India nke agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye, New Delhi, Govt. nke India, 1978 
* Otu esi ede akwụkwọ ọkwa maka ndị okenye, Directorate of Adult Education, New Delhi, Govt. nke India, 1979 
* Otu esi ede akwụkwọ ọkwa maka ndị okenye, Directorate of Adult Education, New Delhi, Govt. nke India, 1982  
* Ọmụmụ nke Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti oge mmụta na ogo nke njide mmuta, India Adult Education Association (IAEA), New Delhi, Govt. nke India, 1985  
* Ọmụmụ nke Mmemme Post- Literacy (PLP), 1985 
* Mmetụta nke mmụta ndị mmadụ na ndị na-amụ mmemme mmụta ndị okenye, SRC, Jamia, New Delhi, 1990
* Otu esi enyocha nsonaazụ mmụta sitere na Mgbasa Ozi Ngụkọta ọgụgụ (TLC), 1992  
* Ọmụmụ ihe gbasara Mgbasa Ozi Ịgụ Akwụkwọ, 1994 
* Otu esi enyocha nsonaazụ mmụta nke mpaghara TLC, Mission Literacy National, Ministry of HRD, Govt. nke India, 1996
* Nhata nke ndị akwụkwọ ọhụrụ vis-a-vis ụmụ akwụkwọ praịmarị, 1997
* Ntuziaka maka Ntụle Ikpeazụ nke Mgbakọ Mgbasa Ozi Ọchịchị, Ngalaba Mmụta, Ozi nke HRD, Govt. nke India, 1997 
* Nnyocha nke Ọmụma, echiche, na àgwà nke ndị okenye / ndị na-agụghị akwụkwọ gbasara ICPD Paradigm Shift, Directorate nke agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye, Govt. nke India, 1998
* Ntụle nke Mgbasa Ọgụgụ Akwụkwọ (TLC) - Nyochaa Akụkọ Nlele Mpụga 71 ruo 1999, 2000 
* Akụkọ gbasara agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye, Jamia Millia Islamia, SRC Jamia, 2001
* nsonye nke ndị Alakụba, ọkachasị ụmụ nwanyị Alakụba na Mgbasa Ozi Ngụkọta Akwụkwọ, SRC, Jamia 2001

Mushtaq Ahmed nwetara onyinye nturu ugo ndụ na 1984 maka ọrụ yeoman ya na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ ndị okenye site n'aka Associationtù Ndị Mmụta Ndị okenye India (IAEA) . 

Na 1997, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Gọọmenti India, nyere ya ihe nrite mba maka ịgụ akwụkwọ, iji kwado *ọrụ ya pụtara ìhè n'oge ndụ ya maka ịkwalite agụm akwụkwọ na India* . &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations