Venusberg (akụkọ ifo)

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| ''Tannhäuser na Venusberg'' nke John Collier, 1901: ntọala ọla edo na-akpalite ihe osise quatrocento Italian.
**Venusberg** (German; French *Mont de Vénus*, "Ugwu Venus") bụ ebumnuche nke akụkọ ifo ndị Europe na-atụgharị n'akụkọ ifo na akụkọ dị iche iche kemgbe oge ikpeazụ . Ọ bụ ụdị dị iche iche nke akụkọ ifo nke "otu nwoke na-anwụ anwụ nke eze nwanyị na-agụ akụkọ rafuo na-eleta ụwa ọzọ " (dị ka ọ dị na Thomas the Rhymer ). Na akụkọ ifo German nke narị afọ nke 16, akụkọ ahụ na-ejikọta ya na onye na-egwupụta egwu Tannhäuser bụ onye na-achọsi ike ife chi nwanyị Venus ofufe.

## Mmalite
*Venusberg* dị ka aha ụwa ọzọ ma ọ bụ ala ifo bụ nke mbụ a kpọtụrụ aha na German na *Formicarius* site Johannes Nider (1437/38) n'ihe gbasara mmasị na-arị elu na amoosu n'oge ahụ.

The mbụ version nke akụkọ nke akụkọ ifo, a knight na-achọ mgbaghara n'ihi na ọ hụrụ chi na-ekpere arụsị n'ugwu enchanted, ma ịbụ onye popu jụrụ na-alaghachi n'ugwu, ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ ebube kpaliri popu izipu ozi mgbe ya na-akpọ ya azụ, na mbụ e dekọrọ n'ụdị a ballad site Provencal odee Antoine de la Sale (akụkụ nke *La Sale* 4). Na nsụgharị a, ikekwe dabere na mbụ Italian, "eze nwanyị nke fairies" aha ya bụ Sibylla kama Venus na ọ dịghị mkpakọrịta na Tannhäuser.

## Tannhauser folk ballad
thumb| ''Tannhäuser'', eserese nke Gabriel von Max ( c. 1878 )
Akụkọ nke La Sale's ballad na-ejikọta aha Tannhäuser na akụkọ akụkọ German nke mmalite narị afọ nke 16. A na-edekọ ballad German *Tannhauser* n'ọtụtụ nsụgharị malite na 1510, ma na German High German na obere German variants. A ka na-anakọta nsụgharị folklorist site na ọdịnala ọnụ na mmalite-na-etiti narị afọ nke 20, karịsịa na mpaghara Alpine (a na-anakọta ụdị Styrian nke nwere aha *Waldhauser* na 1924). Mbufe e dere n'oge n'ihe dị ka afọ 1520 bụ site na otu mpempe akwụkwọ a ma ama n'oge ahụ, yana ihe atụ mara site na Augsburg, Leipzig, Straubing, Vienna, na Wolfenbüttel. Ụdị mbụ dị ugbu a sitere na *Jörg Dürnhofers Liederbuch*, nke Gutknecht nke Nuremberg bipụtara ihe dị ka 1515. Nke a *Lied von dem Danheüser* na-enyocha ndụ onye ama ama bụ Tannhauser, bụ onye nọrọ otu afọ n'ugwu ahụ na-efe Venus ma laghachi ebe ahụ mgbe o kwenyesiri ike na Pope Urban IV ajụla mgbaghara maka mmehie ya. Ụdị Nuremberg na-egosipụtakwa Venusberg na agbụ ugwu Hörselberg dị nso Eisenach na Thuringia,  n'agbanyeghị na nsụgharị ndị ọzọ na-akọwapụta ebe ndị ọzọ dị na mpaghara, dịka ọmụmaatụ na Swabia, na nso Waldsee. 

Ihe ewu ewu nke ballad na-aga n'ihu nke ọma na narị afọ nke 17. Heinrich Kornmann (1614) na Johannes Praetorius (1668) dekọrọ nsụgharị ya.

## Nkọwa
A kọwawo akụkọ akụkọ *Venusberg* dị ka ụdị nke Christianized nke ụdị akụkọ akụkọ a ma ama nke mmadụ na-eleta ụwa ọzọ : mmadụ nke elf ma ọ bụ akụkọ ifo rafuo na-enweta obi ụtọ nke alaeze ahụ mara mma ma emesịa agụụ maka ebe obibi ya dị elu dị ukwuu. A na-enye ọchịchọ ya, ma ọ naghị enwe obi ụtọ (na-ekwukarị na ọtụtụ afọ agafewo n'ụwa n'oge ọ na-anọghị ya) na n'ikpeazụ laghachi azụ n'ala. 

## Oge a nnabata
A natara ballad ahụ na German Romanticism . Ludwig Tieck bipụtara akụkọ a na mkpokọta *Romantische Dichtungen* nke 1799. Ụdị Praetorius nke 1668 gụnyere na *Des Knaben Wunderhorn*, nchịkọta uri ndị German nke Achim von Arnim na Clemens Brentano bipụtara na 1806. Agụnyere nchịkọta na mkpokọta *Deutsche Sagen* nke Brothers Grimm na 1816. Nkwagharị na-esote gụnyere Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff 's novella *Das Marmorbild* ( *The Marble Statue*, 1818), yana ọrụ Ludwig Bechstein (1835) na Ludwig Uhland ( *Volkslieder*, 1844). Na Heinrich Heine 's laconic poem *Tannhäuser: A Legend* (1837), dike ahụ nọrọ afọ asaa n'ebe ahụ tupu ọ gawa Rom, mgbe Carl Borromäus von Miltitz ' akụkọ mkpirikpi "  "( '   ) na-akọ akụkọ dị iche iche e debere na nnukwu ụlọ dị nso na Venusberg, nke dike na Venus na-alaghachi azụ otu ugboro n'afọ. 

Aubrey Beardsley malitere ide ọgwụgwọ mkparị nke akụkọ ifo nke na-agaghị agwụ agwụ n'ihi ntọghata ya na Katọlik, ịjụ ọrụ ya gara aga, na ọrịa na ọnwụ na-esote;  e bipụtara akụkụ mbụ ya na *The Savoy* ma mesịa wepụta ya n'ụdị akwụkwọ nke Leonard Smithers nwere aha *Under the Hill* . N'afọ 1907, e bipụtara ihe odide mbụ ahụ ma kpọọ ya *Akụkọ nke Venus na Tannhäuser* .

William Morris na-akọgharị akụkọ ahụ na "The Hill of Venus", akụkọ ikpeazụ nke uri ya 1868–1870 *Paradaịs Ụwa* . Guy Willoughby n'akwụkwọ ya *bụ Art and Christhood: The Aesthetics of Oscar Wilde*  na-ekwusi ike na ndị ọrụ na-eto eto nke Eze ntorobịa ama ama na akụkọ ifo Oscar Wilde na-akpalite nke Tannhäuser. HG Wells 'Sleeper na-ekiri mmegharị na *The Sleeper Awakes* (1910). Ọ na-ezokwa aka na ya na obere akụkọ ya " Nwoke ahụ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ ebube " (1898).

John Heath-Stubbs dere uri na akụkọ a na-akpọ "Tannhauser's End" (Poems Collected page 294). Aleister Crowley dere egwuregwu akpọrọ *Tannhauser* nke sochiri agwa Tannhauser na Venus. Onye na-ede uri bekee Algernon Charles Swinburne 's "Laus Veneris" ("In Praise of Venus") bụ ịkọ akụkọ akụkọ Tannhauser na onye mbụ. Swinburne mekwara epigraph French ochie nke na-ekwu na ọ bụ isi mmalite ya. Anthony Powell kpọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ nke  ya. Onye ọbịa ọzọ bụ Thomas the Rhymer (Thomas Ercildoune, c. 1220–1297).  Ihe nkiri Tannhauser Gate motif nke ihe nkiri ( *Blade Runner*, 1982) na akụkọ ifo cyberpunk malitere dị ka ntụnye aka n'ụzọ ndị knight jiri chọpụta ma gaa ebe a chere na ọ bụ ihe egwu egwu kacha.

Ihe omume "Castle Anthrax" na *Monty Python na Holy Grail* (1975) dabere na akụkọ ifo Venusberg. Onye ode akwụkwọ Philip José Farmer zoro aka na Tannhäuser na Venusberg na akụkọ akụkọ sayensị 1967 *Riders of the Purple Wage* . Atụmatụ akụkọ Neil Gaiman " N'ebe ọ bụla " na-egosipụta akụkọ akụkọ Tannhauser n'ụzọ sara mbara, dị ka usoro TV BBC *Life on Mars* si dị.

## Ntụaka

## Isi mmalite

* 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Nyocha nke akụkọ ifo Venusberg na ihe osise Collier

Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations