Pat Barker

**Patricia Mary W. Barker**, CBE , FRSL ( née **Drake** ; amuru 8 Mee 1943)  bu onye odee na onye ode akwukwo Britain.  O nwetala ọtụtụ ihe nrite maka akụkọ ifo ya, nke gbadoro ụkwụ na isiokwu nke ebe nchekwa, trauma, nlanarị na mgbake. A kọwapụtara ọrụ ya dị ka ihe kwụ ọtọ, nkwuwa okwu na nkwuwa okwu.   N'afọ 2012, *onye na-ekiri ihe* akpọrọ Regeneration Trilogy dị ka otu n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ 10 kacha mma. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
A mụrụ Barker na ezinụlọ ndị na-arụ ọrụ na Thornaby-on-Tees na North Riding nke Yorkshire, England, na 8 Mee 1943.  Nne ya Moyra nwụrụ na 2000;  A maghị aha nna ya. Dị ka *akwụkwọ akụkọ The Times* si kwuo, Moyra tụụrụ ime "mgbe abalị ṅụbigara mmanya ókè mgbe ọ nọ na Wrens ." N'ebe ọha mmadụ nọ ebe a na-ele iwu akwadoghị iwu anya dị ka ihere, ọ gwara ndị mmadụ na nwa ahụ si na ya pụta bụ nwanne ya nwanyị, kama ịbụ nwa ya nwanyị. Ha na nne nne Barker Alice na nna nna William biri, ruo mgbe nne ya lụrụ di ma kwapụ mgbe Barker dị afọ asaa.  Barker nwere ike isonyere nne ya, ọ gwara *The Guardian* na 2003, mana ọ họọrọ ịnọnyere nne nne ya "n'ihi ịhụnanya ya, na n'ihi na nna nkuchi m ekpoghị ọkụ n'ebe m nọ, ma ọ bụ mụ na ya."  Nne na nna ya ochie na-azụ ahịa azụ na mgbawa nke dara na ezinụlọ, ọ gwara *The Times* na 2007, "ogbenye dị ka ụmụ oke ụka; anyị bi na enyemaka mba - 'na pancrack', dịka nne nne m kpọrọ ya. "  Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na otu, Barker meriri ebe n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ụtọ asụsụ, ịga King James Grammar School na Knaresborough na Grangefield Grammar School na Stockton-on-Tees. 

Barker, onye na-ekwu na ọ bụbu onye na-agụ akwụkwọ mgbe niile, gụrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mba ụwa na London School of Economics site na 1962-65.  Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1965, ọ laghachiri n'ụlọ iji nye nne nne ya ara, bụ́ onye nwụrụ na 1971.

Na 1969, a kpọbatara ya, na ụlọ mmanya, David Barker, onye prọfesọ zoology na ọkà mmụta akwara 20 afọ ya agadi, onye hapụrụ alụmdi na nwunye ya ka ya na ya biri. Ha nwere ụmụ abụọ ọnụ, ma lụọ na 1978, mgbe ọ gbasịrị alụkwaghịm. Nwa ha nwanyị Anna Barker Ralph bụ onye edemede. Barker nwụrụ mgbe di ya nwụrụ na Jenụwarị 2009. 

## Ọrụ mbụ
N'ime afọ iri abụọ ya, Barker malitere ide akụkọ ifo. Ebipụtaghị akwụkwọ akụkọ atọ mbụ ya na, ọ gwara *The Guardian* na 2003, "Ekwesighi ịbụ: A bụ m nwanyị na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ nwere mmetụta, nke na-abụghị ihe m bụ. Enwere ala na ihe ọjọọ n'olu m. " 

Akwụkwọ akụkọ izizi ya bipụtara bụ *Union Street* (1982), nke nwere akụkọ asaa nwere njikọ gbasara ụmụ nwanyị bekee na-arụ ọrụ nke ịda ogbenye na ime ihe ike gbara ndụ ha gburugburu. &#x5B; &#x5D; **'</sup>, ndị nkwusa jụrụ ihe odide ahụ dị ka “ihe na-adịghị mma ma na-akụda mmụọ.”  Barker zutere onye odeakụkọ Angela Carter na ogbako odee nke Arvon Foundation . Carter nwere mmasị na akwụkwọ ahụ, na-agwa Barker "ọ bụrụ na ha enweghị ike imere ụmụ nwanyị ndị ị na-emepụta ebere, wee mee ka chi ha dị egwu," ma tụọ aro ka o ziga ihe odide ahụ na onye nkwusa nwanyị Virago, nke nakweere ya.  The ''New Statesman'' toro akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ dị ka "ọkachamara klaasị na-arụ ọrụ ogologo oge,"  na ''New York Times Book Review'' kwuru Barker "na-enye echiche nke onye ode akwụkwọ nwere nnukwu ike na ọ na-esiri ya ike iji dee nke mbụ. - ọnụego akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ."  Emechara gbanwee ''Union Street'' dị ka ihe nkiri Hollywood ''Stanley &amp;amp; Iris'' (1990), na-egosi Robert De Niro na Jane Fonda . Barker ekwuola na ihe nkiri a adịchaghị ka akwụkwọ ya. /</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D; 2003, akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ nọgidere bụrụ otu n'ime ndị na-ere ahịa Virago. 

Akwụkwọ akụkọ atọ mbụ nke Barker - *Union Street* (1982), *Blow Your House Down* (1984) na *Liza's England* (1986; nke e bipụtara na mbụ dị ka *Nwa Century* ) - gosipụtara ndụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na Yorkshire . Akwụkwọ akụkọ *BookForum* kọwara ha dị ka "jupụtara na mmetụta, ndị na-eme ihe ike na ndị na-adịghị mma, ma ọ dịghị mgbe ha na-erigbu ma ọ bụ na-akpali akpali na ndị na-adịghị enwe mmetụta."  *Blow Your House Down* na-egosi ndị akwụna bi n'otu obodo dị n'Ebe Ugwu England, bụ ndị onye na-egbu mmadụ na -achụgharị .  *Liza's England*, nke *Sunday Times* kọwara dị ka "ọkachamara nke oge a," na-agbaso ndụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ nke a mụrụ na mmalite nke narị afọ nke 20. 

## Trilogy imeghari
N'ịgbaso mbipụta nke *Liza's England*, Barker chere na ọ "abanyela onwe m n'ime igbe ebe m na-edepụta ike dị ka onye ugwu, mpaghara, ọrụ ọrụ, nwanyị-label, label, label-onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ. Ọ bụghị ihe na-emegidekarị akara ngosi, mana ị na-erute ebe ndị mmadụ na-agụ akara kama ịgụ akwụkwọ. Ọ dịkwa m ka m̀ ruru n’ókè ahụ,” ka o kwuru na 1992.  O kwuru na ike gwụrụ ya nke ndị nyocha na-ajụ "'mana uh, ọ nwere ike ime ụmụ nwoke? '- dị ka a ga-asị na ọ bụ ụdị Everest. " 

Ya mere, ọ tụgharịrị uche ya na Agha Ụwa Mbụ, nke ọ na-achọkarị ide banyere ya n'ihi ahụmahụ nna nna ya nwere n'oge agha. N'ịbụ onye bayonet merụrụ ahụ wee pụọ na ọnya, ọ gaghị ekwu maka agha ahụ.  A kpaliri ya ide ihe a maara ugbu a dị ka Regeneration Trilogy - *Regeneration* (1991), *The Eye in the Door* (1993), na *The Ghost Road* (1995) - akwụkwọ akụkọ na-enyocha akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ site n'aka. na-elekwasị anya na trauma ga-esi na ya pụta. Akwụkwọ ndị ahụ bụ ngwakọta nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na akụkọ ifo na-adịghị ahụkebe, Barker na-adọta ọtụtụ ihe n'ihe odide nke ndị na-ede uri Agha Ụwa Mbụ na WHR Rivers, dọkịta ndị agha nke na-arụ ọrụ na ndị agha merụrụ ahụ . Ihe odide ndị bụ isi dabeere na akụkọ ihe mere eme, dị ka Robert Graves, Alice na Hettie Roper (pseudonyms maka Alice Wheeldon na nwa ya nwanyị Hettie) ma e wezụga Billy Preor, bụ onye Barker chepụtara iji tụnyere ma dị iche na ndị agha Britain-ndị na-ede uri Wilfred Owen na Siegfried Sassoon . Dịka agwa akụkọ ifo etiti, Billy Prior nọ n'akwụkwọ atọ ahụ. 

"Echere m na psyche Britain dum na-ata ahụhụ site na esemokwu ị na-ahụ na Sassoon na Wilfred Owen, ebe agha ahụ dị egwu ma ọ dịghị mgbe a ga-emeghachi ya ma n'otu oge ahụ ahụmahụ ndị sitere na ya na-enye nnukwu uru, "Barker gwara *The Guardian.* " Ọ dịghị onye na-ekiri ihe nkiri agha otú ndị Britain si ele ya. " 

Barker gwara onye nta akụkọ na-enweghị onwe ya Wera Reusch "Echere m na e nwere ọtụtụ ihe a ga-ekwu maka ide banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme, n'ihi na mgbe ụfọdụ ị nwere ike ịnagide nsogbu ndị dị ugbu a n'ụzọ ndị mmadụ na-emeghe anya n'ihi na a na-egosi ya n'ụdị a na-amaghị ama, ha amaghị. mara ihe ha chere banyere ya ozugbo, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ede banyere okwu dị ugbu a na imi, mgbe ụfọdụ, ihe niile ị na-eme bụ ime ka ndị mmadụ nwee ajọ mbunobi. echere m na akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nwere ike ịbụ azụ azụ n'ime ugbu a nke bara ezigbo uru. " 

Ndị nkatọ nabatara *The Regeneration Trilogy* nke ọma, ebe Peter Kemp nke *Sunday Times* na-akọwa ya dị ka "mara mma, siri ike na aghụghọ",  na *ndị mbipụta kwa izu* na-ekwu na ọ bụ " mmeri nke echiche n'otu oge na abụ uri."  *The New York Times* kọwara trilogy dị ka "ntụgharị uche siri ike banyere egwu agha na ihe ọ ga-esi na mmụọ pụta."  Onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ bụ Jonathan Coe kọwara ya dị ka "otu n'ime ihe osise ole na ole n'ezie na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 20 akụkọ ifo ndị Britain ."  Onye edemede Britain na onye nkatọ, Rosemary Dinnage na-enyocha ya na *New York Review of Books* kwupụtara na ọ "enwetala ya ebe kwesịrị ekwesị na akwụkwọ"  mere ka e bipụtaghachi ya maka narị afọ nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ. . Na 1995 akwụkwọ ikpeazụ na trilogy, *The Ghost Road*, nwetara ihe nrite Booker–McConnell . 

## Ihe nrite na nnabata
Na 1983, Barker nwetara ihe nrite Fawcett Society maka akụkọ ifo maka *Union Street* . Na 1993 ọ meriri ihe nrite akụkọ ifo Guardian maka *Anya n'ọnụ ụzọ*, na 1995 ọ meriri Booker Prize for *The Ghost Road* . Na May 1997, Barker nwetara nzere doctorate site na mahadum mepere emepe .  Na 2000, a kpọrọ ya onye ọchịagha nke Order of the British Empire (CBE). 

Na nyocha nke akwụkwọ akụkọ *Toby's Room*, *The Guardian* kwuru banyere ihe odide ya, "Ị gaghị agakwuru ya maka asụsụ dị mma, ị na-agakwuru ya maka eziokwu doro anya, akụkọ ịkwọ ụgbọala na anya doro anya, na-eche ihu n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke anyị. ụwa". 

*The Independent* dere banyere ya, "ọ bụghị naanị ezigbo onye na-ede akụkọ agha kama ọ bụ ọdịdị mmadụ". 

N'afọ 2019, Barker depụtara aha maka ihe nrite ụmụ nwanyị maka akụkọ ifo maka *ịgbachi nkịtị nke ụmụ agbọghọ* .  Na nyocha ha banyere akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, *The Times* dere, sị, "Na-atụ egwu, dị ike, na-anụ ọkụ n'obi . . . Ihe mgbagwoju anya na *Iliad* . N'ime nso nso a nke rewriting nke nnukwu akụkọ ifo ndị Gris na oge ochie, Barker's pụtara ìhè maka ịdị ike nke nzube ya na ọmịiko ụwa."  *The Guardian* kwuru, "Nke a bụ akwụkwọ dị mkpa, dị ike, na-agaghị echefu echefu nke na-akpọ anyị òkù ka anyị leba anya n'ụzọ dị iche ọ bụghị nanị na *The Iliad* kama n'ụzọ anyị onwe anyị si kọọ akụkọ banyere oge gara aga na ugbu a, na otú iwe na ịkpọasị si emetụta anyị. ọha mmadụ." 

## Ndepụta ọrụ

* *Union Street* (1982)
* *Kwatuo ụlọ gị* (1984)
* *Ada Century* (nke a makwaara dị ka *Liza's England* ; 1986)
* *Nwoke ahụ Na-anọghị* (1988)
* Trilogy mmeghari :
** *Ntughari* (1991)
** *Anya n'ọnụ ụzọ* (1993)
** *Ụzọ Ghost* (1995)
* *Ụwa ọzọ* (1998)
* *Ngafe oke ala* (2001)
* *Ọhụụ Ugboro abụọ* (2003)
* *Klas ndụ* (2007)
* *Ụlọ Toby* (2012)
* *[[Noonday (novel)|N'ehihie]]* (2015)
* *Ịgbachi nkịtị nke ụmụ agbọghọ* (2018)
* *[[The Women of Troy (novel)|Ụmụ nwanyị Troy]]* (2021)

## Edensibia

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

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## Njikọ mpụga

* Pat Barker at British Council: Literature
* Pat Barker, The Art of Fiction No. 243, *Paris Review*, Winter 2018

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations