open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Safar Barlik (ihe nkiri)

***Safar Barlik*** ()bụ ihe nkiri egwu na ihe nkiri agha Lebanon nke afọ 1967 nke Henry Barakat duziri. Ihe nkiri a bụ Fairuz, Nasri Shamseddine, Huda, Assi Rahbani, Berj Fazlian, Salah Tizani na Salwa Haddad. Esere ya n'ime ime obodo Beit Chabab na Douma dị na Lebanon.

## Atụmatụ
Ihe nkiri ahụ gosipụtara ọgụ nke obodo Lebanọn n'okpuru Seferberlik n'oge Agha Ụwa Mbụ.

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Fairuz dị ka Adla
* Nasri Shamseddine dị ka Elmoukhtar
* Huda dị ka Zoumorod
* Assi Rahbani dị ka Abou Ahmed
* Berj Fazlian dị ka Re'fat Bek
* Rafic Sabeii dị ka Abou Darwish
* Salwa Haddad dị ka Oum Youssef
* Joseph Nassif dị ka Elhasoon
* Layla Karam dị ka Zahia
* Salah Tizani dị ka Fares
* Abdulallah Homsi dị ka Asad
* Ahmed Khalifa dị ka Haji Noula
* Ihssan Sadek dị ka Abdo

## Egwú
Abụ ndị a ma ama site na ihe nkiri ahụ gụnyere:

* "Ya Tayr" (Oh Nnụnụ! يا طير) 
* "Allamouni Henni Allamouni" (ha kụziiri m ịhụnanya gị علّموني__hau____hau____hau__) 
* "Ya Ahl El Dar" (Ndị nwe ụlọ ahụ bụ يا أهل الدار) 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

*
Oge okpomọkụ kpọrọ nkụ

***Dry Hot Summers*** (, Ntụgharị: Har gaf sayfan) bụ obere ihe nkiri Egypt 2015 nke Sherif El Bendary duziri. Ọ bụ nhọrọ gọọmentị na Clermont-Ferrand International Short Film Festival.

## Nchịkọta atụmatụ
Otu ụbọchị oge okpomọkụ na Cairo na-emepụta nzute a na-atụghị anya ya n'etiti ndị ọ na-amaghị abụọ nọ n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke ndụ ha. Shawky bụ agadi nwoke na-adịghị ekwu okwu nke na-alụso ọrịa kansa ọgụ, onye nwere naanị izu ole na ole fọdụrụ. Doaa bụ nwa agbọghọ dị ike nke na-ewere ohere ikpeazụ ya ịlụ di ma malite ndụ ọhụrụ n'obodo ọzọ, na-ewu ezinụlọ, ya onwe ya na-achọsi ike. Ha abụọ na-ekewapụ onwe ha na ọha mmadụ n'ụzọ dị iche iche. Ebe ọ bụ na nwa ya nwoke na-arụsi ọrụ ike iso ya, Shawky nọ naanị ya n'ụzọ ịhụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara akpụ, onye dọkịta French, onye nọ na Cairo naanị ụbọchị ole na ole ma bụrụ olileanya ikpeazụ ya. Akpa plastik na-acha odo odo nke Shawky nwere X-ray ya niile na nyocha ahụike bụ nke nwa agbọghọ ahụ (Doaa) ya na ya na-arụkọ ọrụ na mberede were. Doaa na-akwadebe maka oriri agbamakwụkwọ ya ka e mesịrị n'abalị ahụ, mana ebe ọ bụ naanị ya bi n'obodo ahụ, ọ bụ naanị onye agbata obi nne ya na-enyere ya aka na nkwadebe na-arụsi ọrụ ike. Ka Doaa na-agba ọsọ n'ime obodo ahụ, okooko osisi ahụ furu efu ma Shawky, onye na-eso ya na-achọ akpa plastik ya na-acha odo odo, buuru ya. X-ray ndị furu efu na okooko osisi ndị furu efu mere ka ha nọrọ ụbọchị siri ike ma na-agwụ ike ọnụ, njem gafere obodo ahụ nke na-akụ mkpụrụ nke olileanya ebe ha na-atụghị anya ya. Tupu ya na dọkịta ahụ ezute ya ma mesịa rute na oriri agbamakwụkwọ ya, ndị mmadụ abụọ ahụ nọpụrụ iche jikọtara ọnụ megide ihe niile ma mepụta njikọ mmadụ ka ha na-aghọta uru nke oge a na ndụ ha.

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Mohamed Farid .. Shawky
* Nahed El Sebai .. Dooa

## Onyinye na nhọpụta

* Nhọrọ gọọmentị, Clermont-Ferrand International Short Film Festival 
*  nkiri kacha mma (nke a na-ekerịta), Malmö Arab Film Festival [1]
* Onye nduzi kacha mma, Bangalore International Short Film Festival
* Ihe nkiri mkpirikpi kacha mma, Oran International Arabic Film FestivalEmume Ihe nkiri Arab nke Oran
* Ihe nkiri kacha mma, Ismailia International Film Festival
* Ihe nrite ACT, Ismailia International Film Festival

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga
okwu nke na-alụso ọrịa kansa ọgụ, onye nwere naanị izu ole na ole fọdụrụ. Doaa bụ nwa

* 
* Dry Hot Summers: ihe nkiri nwoke
Ekpere Nightingale

***The Nightingale's Prayer*** (, translit.&nbsp;*Doaa al-Karawan* ; A na-akpọkwa The Curlew's Cry) bụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri Egypt nke 1959 nke Henry Barakat duziri wee dabere na akwụkwọ akụkọ akpọrọ Doaa. al-Karawan(novel) nke onye edemede a ma ama bụ Taha Hussein. Ọ na-eme Faten Hamama na Ahmed Mazhar.

N'afọ 1996, n'oge otu narị afọ nke ihe nkiri Egypt, a họọrọ ihe nkiri a dịka otu n'ime ihe nkiri 100 kacha mma nke Egypt.  natara onyinye mmata site na Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ma họrọ ya dị ka ntinye Ijipt maka Best Foreign Language Film na 32nd Academy Awards, mana anabataghị ya dị ka onye a họpụtara.  kpọbatakwara ya na 10th Berlin International Film Festival . [1]

## Atụmatụ
Amna bụ nwa agbọghọ nke hụrụ ọnwụ nwanne ya nwanyị nke tọrọ ya site n'aka nwanne nna ya, onye gbahapụrụ ezinụlọ ya ma hapụ ha n'enweghị nkwado. Ọ ghọtara site n'aka nne ya na nwanne ya nwanyị kwesịrị ịnwụ n'ihi na o mebiri ezinụlọ ahụ. Amna ekwenyeghị. O kwenyere na a ga-ata nwanne nna ya ụta maka ọnọdụ ha. Ọ na-achọ ịbọ ọbọ n'aka onye injinia nke kpaliri nwanne ya nwanyị ma ghaara ya ụgha wee kpatara ọnwụ ya. Amna kwagara n'ụlọ ya ịrụ ọrụ dị ka odibo ma gbalịa inye ya nsí ọtụtụ ugboro, mana atụmatụ ya niile dara. Ọ chọpụtara na ọ gaghị ekwe omume igbu ya. Onye injinia a malitere ịgakwuru ya, mana ọ na-eguzogide ya, nke na-eme ka ọ nwekwuo mmasị n'ebe ọ nọ.

Nwa agbọghọ ahụ dara ogbenye na-eche na site n'ịghara iguzogide ya ọzọ ma mee ka ọ hụrụ ya n'anya, ọ ga-enwe ike ibibi ndụ ya. Ihe ọ na-atụghị anya ya bụ na ya onwe ya ga-ahụ ya n'anya. Ọ na-eme atụmatụ igwu oghere ma ghọgbuo ya ka ọ daba na ya. Ọ gbalịrị ma ọ daa ma ha abụọ dabara n'ime oghere ahụ. Ọ na-eche ya ihu n'eziokwu, ma kpughee onye ọ bụ. O kpebiri ịhapụ ya ebe ọ maara na atụmatụ ya adaala. Nwanne nna ya chọpụtara ihe o mere ma kpebie igbu ya n'ihi na o mebiri aha ezinụlọ ahụ. Ka ọ na-apụ n'ụlọ injinia ahụ, ọ hụrụ nwanne nna ya wee ghọta ozugbo na o nwere ebumnuche ọjọọ, mana injinia hụkwara ya, wee were mgbọ ahụ n'azụ ya iji chebe ya ma zọpụta ndụ ya.

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Faten Hamama dị ka Amna
* Ahmed Mazhar dị ka injinia
* Amina Rizk dị ka Nne Amna na Hanady
* Zahret El-Ola dị ka Hanady
* Abdel Alim Khattab dị ka Uncle Gabber
* Mimi Chakib dị ka Zanooba
* Ragaa Al Geddawy dị ka Khadeeja

## Nnakwere
N'afọ 2020, Peter Bradshaw nke *The Guardian* kpọrọ *Ekpere Nightingale* dị ka ihe nkiri Afrịka nke iri na itoolu kachasị ukwuu n'oge niile, na-akpọ ya "ihe nkiri mmegwara, ma ọ bụ akụkọ ifo Beauty-and-the-Beast". 

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ntinye na 32nd Academy Awards maka Best Foreign Language Film
* Ndepụta nke ndị Ijipt nyere maka onyinye Academy maka ihe nkiri asụsụ mba ọzọ kacha mma

## Edensibia

## Ihe edeturu

* 
* 
* 
* 
* 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ekpere NightingalenaIMDb
Ọnụ na Nkịta

***Mouths and Rabbits*** (, ***Afwah wa araneb***)bụ ihe nkiri Egypt ewepụtara na 1977, nke United Film Company mepụtara, nke Henry Barakat duziri ya.

## Nkọwa
Ihe nkiri ahụ na-enyocha nsogbu nke ịda ogbenye na ezinụlọ ndị a na-atụghị anya ya. Nima (Faten Hamama na nwanne ya nwanyị nke okenye na di ya bụ Abdulmajid bi, ndị nwere ụmụ itoolu n'etiti ha. Abdulmajid bụ onye ọrụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-Ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè nke na-eleghara ezinụlọ ya anya. Di na nwunye ahụ kpebiri ịlụ Nima na onye nkuzi aha ya bụ Al-Batawi iji mee ka ezinụlọ ahụ kwụsie ike, na-akpali Nima ịgbaga Mansoura mgbe Al-Btawi lụrụ akwụkwọ Abdulmajid forges. Na Mansoura, Nima chọtara ọrụ n'ugbo nke otu nwoke aha ya bụ Mahmoud Bey, onye hụrụ ya n'anya mgbe ya na onye ọ chọrọ ịlụ kewara. Mgbe ọ laghachiri iji gwa nwanne ya nwanyị, Nima wetara Mahmoud Bey, onye zutere Al-Batawi na-ewe iwe ma lụọ ọgụ na-agwụ na mma nke ikpeazụ. 'ịbụ onye nwere nkụda mmụọ, Abdulmajid kwetara na ya mehiere ma kwe ka Nima lụọ Mahmoud, onye na-elekọta ezinụlọ ahụ dịka Al-Batawi kwere nkwa ime.

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Hamama nwụrụ anwụ
* Mahmoud Yassin
* Farid Shawqi
* Ali El Sherif
* Ragaa Hussein
* Hassan Mustafa
* Magda El-Khatib
* Inas El-Degheidy
* Onye Amamihe Hamdi
* Abu Bakr Ezzat
* Mohsen Mohieddin
* Ahmed Salama
* Salah Nazmi

## Njikọ mpụga

* 
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ El Cinema
* El Film peeji echekwara
* Isiokwu nke Hassan Haddad na fim ahụ
* Isiokwu nke Mostafa Bayoumi na ihe nkiri ahụ sitere na mbipụta December 1, 2012 nke Al-Bawaba
* Ihe Muna Butterfly dere na Blogspot site na Machị 5, 2010

## Edensibia
Nwa nke Osimiri Naịl

***Son of the Nile*** ( translit.&nbsp;Ibn El Nil)  bụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri Egypt nke 1951 nke Youssef Chahine duziri. Ọ gbara Yehia Chahine, Faten Hamama, Mahmoud el-Meliguy na Shukry  Sarhan wee họrọ ya dị ka otu n'ime ihe nkiri ihe nkiri Egypt 150 kacha mma na 1996, n'oge Cinema Egypt narị afọ.. Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara ihe nrite site na New Delhi International Film Festival wee họpụta ya maka onyinye Prix International na 1952. Ememme Ihe nkiri Cannes na ihe nrite na Venice International Film Festival.

## Atụmatụ
Hemaidah (shokry sarhan) bụ onye ọrụ ugbo kpọrọ ndụ obodo asị. Ọ kpọrọ ịrụ ọrụ n'ọhịa asị na ilekọta ụmụ anụmanụ n'ugbo ya. Ọ bụ ezie na o nweghị afọ ojuju na ya, ọ lụrụ Zebeidah (Faten Hamama), nwanyị nọ n'otu obodo ahụ. O kpebisiri ike ịhapụ obodo ahụ, kwaga ma biri n'obodo ahụ. Ọ na-eme atụmatụ maka njem ya ma gwa nwanne ya nwoke ka ọ lekọta ugbo ya na ezinụlọ ya. Na Cairo, Hemaidah dabara n'aka òtù ndị omempụ, nke otu onye omempụ obi ọjọọ na-edu. N'achọghị itinye ndụ ya n'ihe ize ndụ, a manyere ya ka ya na ndị òtù ahụ rụọ ọrụ ma nyere ha aka na mpụ ha. A na-eme ka ọ mara ohi na ịkwa iko, otu ụbọchị ndị uwe ojii jidere ndị otu ahụ. Hemaidah nọrọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ma laghachi n'obodo ya mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, na-akwa ụta na ọ hapụrụ ya.

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Shukry Sarhan dị ka Hemaidah
* Faten Hamama dị ka Zebeidah
* Yehia Chahine dị ka nwanne Hemaidah, Ibrahim
* Mahmoud El-Meliguy dị ka onye isi òtù
* Nader Galal dị ka nwa Hemaidah

## Hụkwa

* Osimiri Naịl na Ndụ
* Ndị Naịl ahụ
* Ndepụta nke ihe nkiri ndị Ijipt

## Edensibia

* ebe nrụọrụ weebụ, ebe nrụọrụọrụ weebụ abn alnayl. E nwetara ya na Jenụwarị 4, 2021.

## Njikọ mpụga

*
Ụbọchị nke Isii (ihe nkiri)

Sixth Day (nke a makwaara dị ka:**Al-yawm al-Sadis**)  bụ ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị na ihe nkiri nke 1986 nke Youssef Chahine duziri.  nkiri ahụ gosipụtara Dalida, Mohsen Mohieddin, Shwikar, Hamdy Ahmed na Salah El-Saadany na ọrụ ndị isi.

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Dalida
* Mohsen Mohieddin
* Shwikar
* Hamdy Ahmed
* Salah El-Saadany
* Mohamed Mounir
* Youssef Chahine
*  Abdel Wahab [1]

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga
Youssef Chahine duziri. nkiri ahụ gosipụtara Dalida

* 
* Kviff.com - Archive nke ihe nkiri Sixth Day / Al-yom al-sadisIhe nkiri nke isii Day / Al-yom al-sadis
Nwaanyị A Na-akpọ Njọ

***A Woman With a Bad Reputation*** ( "Imraah sayiah al-samah") bụ ihe nkiri Egypt 1973 duziri site Henry Barakat na starring Shams al-Baroudi.

## Atụmatụ
Otu nwa okorobịa gwara nwunye ya ka ya na onye isi ya gbaa egwú na oriri. Nwanyị ahụ na onye isi ya na-enwe mmekọahụ ma na-akwa iko. Alụmdi na nwunye ya na-agbasa ma ndụ ya na-akawanye njọ. Nwa  nwoke na-arịa ọrịa, n'ihi ya, a manyere nwunye ya ịnakwere onyinye sitere n'aka onye isi ya.

Lisa Anderson nke Chicago Tribune. na-eji ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka ihe atụ nke ime ihe nkiri na-emesapụ aka n'Ijipt tupu oge eruo mmụba na-elekọta mmadụ conservatism na ọha mmadụ. Na nnọkọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na mmalite ihe nkiri ahụ, ụmụ nwanyị na-eyi uwe ogologo ọkpa na miniskirts na-ekpo ọkụ. Ndị na-aga oriri na ọṅụṅụ na-agba egwú, na-ese siga, na-aṅụkwa mmanya. O nweghị onye n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ndị ahụ yi hijab.

## Nkedo

* Shams al-Baroudi
* Yousuf Shaaban
* Salama Elias
* Nagwa Fouad
* Emad Hamdy
* George Sidhom

## Hụkwa

* Ihe nkiri nke Ijipt

## Edensibia

* Armes, Roy *Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri n'Africa*. Indiana University Press, July 11, 2008.  . 

## Ihe edeturu
Djerabé Ndigngar

**Djerabé Ndigngar** (amụrụ n'afọ 1992) bụ onye na-eti egwu na onye nduzi ihe nkiri na Chad.

A mụrụ Ndigngar na Moundou, Chad, ma too na-achọ ịbụ onye na-Ugwu kọmputa. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ malitere ọrụ rap ya n'okpuru aha D 8 Alfariss. Vidio mbụ o mere ma dezie bụ "Mara ban wa", abụ banyere ụmụ mgbei. Ndigngar malitere ime vidiyo egwu maka ndị na-ese ihe si Moundou na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri si N'Djamena, na-akpali gola ya ịghọ onye nduzi kacha ukwuu nke Chad.  nwetara nzere bachelọ ya n'afọ 2013 wee kwaga Ivory Coast iji mụọ nkwurịta okwu audiovisual.

N'afọ 2014, o mepụtara SaTchaProd, ikpo okwu mbụ a raara nye mmepụta na nkwalite nke egwu Chad. Ebumnuche ya bụ inyere ndị egwu Chad aka iji nka ha na-ebi ndụ, yana ịkwalite ihe nkiri sinima nke Chad. Mgbe  natasịrị BTS ya, Ndigngar chọtara ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ nkesa French Côte Ouest Audiovisuel ma rụọ ọrụ n'ọkwa a ruo afọ abụọ.

Ọ malitere Satchaprodmusic.com na Septemba 2019, yana ọrụ nbudata iwu site na ego Airtel.  N'ọnwa Disemba 2019, ọ kwagara ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta nke SaTchaProd site na Abidjan, ebe ọ dị na mbụ, gaa N'Djamena.  guzobere nchekwa data ka ndị mmadụ wee nwee ike ige egwu sitere na afọ ndị gara aga.  rịọrọ enyemaka n'aka Ministry of Culture maka ọrụ ya kachasị sie ike, na-edepụta ihe karịrị kaseti 500.  mekwara nkwalite maka ndị na-ese ihe na Chad iji mee vidiyo vidiyo maka egwu ha.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Djerabé Ndigngar na Musikbi.com

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Nwaanyị Ekwensu

Miss Devil (: ,  , lit. 'Little Miss Genie') bụ ihe nkiri egwu egwu nke ndị Ijipt nke afọ 1949.  a bụ maka Asfour, onye na-agụ egwú dara ogbenye, nke onye egwu Siria bụ Farid Al Atrache, onye hụrụ Aleya n'anya, nwa nwanyị nke onye isi ya.

## Atụmatụ
[áká_èkpè|thumb|Samia Gamal na [Farid al-Atrash|Farid Al-Attrach]]
Asfour chọrọ ịlụ Aleya, mana nna ya agaghị ekwe ka alụmdi na nwunye ahụ mee n'ihi ọnọdụ klas Asfour. Asfour tụgharịrị gaa na mmụọ ọjọọ maka enyemaka, mana mmụọ ọjọọ ahụ, nwanyị mmụọ ọjọọ aha ya bụ Kahramana, nke onye Egypt a ma ama na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agba egwú Samia Gamal, hụrụ Asfour n'anya kama, ma gbalịa ịchịkwa ọchịchọ ya.

## Ntọhapụ
'ịgbaso mgbasa ozi nke alụmdi na nwunye Gamal na Texan Shepherd King na 1951, ihe nkiri ahụ ghọrọ ihe nkiri Ijipt mbụ a na-ewepụta na United States, na-emeghe na Disemba 7, 1951 na New York City.  kọrọ na onye nyocha steeti New York hichapụrụ otu ebe a na-agba egwú nke nwere ihe dị nso n'afọ Gamal.

## Nnakwere
Dị ka akwụkwọ 100 Film Musicals nke British Film Institute si kwuo, *Afrita Neem* na-akatọ oge a: "Ịgba ọsọ na ihe nkiri ndị a niile (dị ka ọtụtụ ihe nkiri India), na-enyocha nsogbu omume na ntọala ezinụlọ ndị ọgaranya, bụ okwu ebe a na-ele ọdịda anyanwụ nke oge a - ụgbọala, uwe, omume - anya n'ụzọ na-adịghị mma n'ihe gbasara ụkpụrụ ọdịnala. Onye amamihe nke na-achịkwa onye ụbụrụ na Afrita Hanem na-apụta site n'oge ruo n'oge iji nye homilies banyere anya banyere anya na anya n'obi. " 

Variety chere na Gamal gosipụtara "ikike thespic dị nta. Nkà ya yiri ka ọ bụ naanị ikike obi ụtọ nke ịmegharị úkwù ya, afọ ya na úkwù n'ụzọ na-egbochi anya". Ha tụrụ aro na "ndị jikọrọ aka ga-ahụ ụda Arabic dị ka ụdị mkpu na-enweghị abụ". 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* 

mmụọ ọjọọ ahụ, nwanyị mmụọ ọjọọ aha ya bụ Kahramana, nke onye Egypt a ma ama na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agba egwú Samia Gamal, hụrụ Asfour n'anya kama, ma gbalịa
Zara Mahamat Yacoub

**Zara Mahamat Yacoub** bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na Chad, onye nduzi na onye nta akụkọ.

## Akụkọ ndụ
 ọ na-etolite, Yacoub kwuru na ọ chọrọ ịbụ onye ọka iwu. Yacoub gụrụ Humanities na Mahadum nke Chad . Mgb e mesịrị, ọ gụrụ nkwukọrịta, ọkachamara na mgbasa ozi audiovisual na Institut national de l'audiovisuel na Bry-sur-Marne, France.

Laa azụ na Chad, Yacoub rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe ngosi na onye nta akụkọ maka redio. Mgbe e guzobesịrị ụlọ ọrụ telivishọn mbụ nke Chad, Télé Tchad, ọ gbanwere na nke a ma buru ụzọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye isi mmemme. Ọ bụ naanị nwanyị nọ n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè ahụ dum. Mgbe e mesịrị, Yacoub ghọrọ onye isi njikwa nke National Television of Chad. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ maka ụlọ ọrụ Channel Africa nke South Africa . 

Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, Yacoub rụrụ ọrụ maka Association of Private Radio Stations of Chad (Union des Radios Privées du Tchad, URPT). , ọ bụ onye isi nke ụlọ ọrụ redio onwe onye Dja FM . [1]  bụ nwanyị mbụ malitere ụlọ ọrụ redio kwụụrụ onwe ya na Chad.  kwupụtara na ụlọ ọrụ redio obodo na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mmepe nke Chad, mana ha anaghị enweta nkwado dị ukwuu site na steeti Chad.

 mgbakwunye na ọrụ ya na telivishọn Chadian, Yacoub emepụtawokwa ọtụtụ, ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nkiri, ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta nke ya, Sud Cap Production, nke o guzobere na 2001. Ma na fim ya ma na mpụga ihuenyo, Yacoub na-etinye aka na ikike mmadụ ka ukwuu, ọkachasị maka ịha nhata nke ụmụ nwanyị na Chad, nke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a na-achọ imegide. Ihe nkiri  dị mkpirikpi "Dilemme au féminin" nke katọrọ igbu ọkpụkpụ nwanyị bụ ihe arụmụka karịsịa.  nkiri ahụ dugara  ngagharị iwe siri ike na mba ahụ ma kwupụta fatwa megide ya n'ihi ọtọ na ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị mma.

N'afọ 2015, e jidere ya mgbe esemokwu dara n'etiti ezinụlọ ya na ụfọdụ ndị ahịa chọrọ ịzụta ụlọ ya.  tọhapụrụ Yacoub mgbe ọ sonyere n'ógbè ahụ.  duziri oge ọzụzụ na mkpuchi ntuli aka na 2016, na-elekwasị anya na nkà ịkọ akụkọ, ụkpụrụ omume na omume ọkachamara. [1]

## Ihe nkiri

* 1994: *Nsogbu nke ịbụ nwanyị*
* 1995: *Ụmụaka n'okporo ámá*
* 1996: *Ndị Ntorobịa na Ọrụ*
* 1996: *Ụmụ Agha*
* 1999: E jichiri ụmụaka*E jichiri ya nwatakịrị*
* 2002: *Marad Al Ma Inda Daw*

## Edensibia
bụ naanị nwanyị nọ n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè ahụ dum. Mgbe e mesịrị, Yacoub ghọrọ onye isi njikwa mkpuchi ntuli aka na 2016, na-elekwasị anya na nkà ịkọ akụkọ, ụkpụrụ omume na omume
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Aché Coelo

**Aché Coelo** (amụrụ na Julaị 16, 1985) bụ onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ọha na eze na onye nduzi ihe nkiri na Chad.

## Ndụ
A mụrụ Coelo na N'Djamena n'afọ 1985. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka ụlọ nkwari akụ Kempinski na ngalaba ahịa ha.  hapụrụ ịrụ ọrụ na di ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi azụmahịa nke ụlọ ọrụ Canal plus tupu ya enyere aka na nkwukọrịta maka Unicef na Chad.

Site na 2009 ruo 2011, Coelo bụ onye na-elekọta "Espace Jeunes", ihe ngosi okwu na Chadian TV. 

Coelo na-eduga njikọ ọdịbendị dị iche iche nke Chad nke na-akwado ọrụ nka gụnyere akwụkwọ Portraits of Chadian Women . 'akwụkwọ a, Coelo na Salma Khalil dekọrọ ndụ 100 ụmụ nwanyị si Chad.

Coelo guzobere mmemme ihe nkiri FETCOUM.  bụ ụlọ ọrụ nnọchiteanya mba France kwadoro ya. Emume ihe nkiri  mkpirikpi na-aga na Chad ruo ụbọchị anọ na June 2018. [1] Ebumnuche nke kansụl ahụ nwere onwe  bụ ịdụ onye isi ala France ọdụ maka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti France na Africa.

N'ọnwa Julaị afọ 2019, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye isi oche Emmanuel Macron maka Afrịka.   sonyeere Vanessa Moungar onye bụkwa onye na-ahụ maka okike site na Chad.

## Ọrụ

* Between Four Walls (ihe nkiri nke 2014) 
* *Al-Amana* (ihe nkiri) 
* *Otu Ụbọchị n'Ụlọ Akwụkwọ na Chad* (ihe nkiri 2018) 
* *Foto nke ụmụ nwanyị Chad* (akwụkwọ ya na Salma Khalil) 

## Edensibia
 ọrụ nnọchiteanya mba France kwadoro ya. Emume ihe nkiri  mkpirikpi na-aga na Chad ruo ụbọchị anọ na June 2018. [1] Ebumnuche
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Abouna (ihe nkiri)

***Abouna*** (, English: "Our Father") i Ihe nkiri 2002 sitere n'aka onye ntụzi Chad Mahamat Saleh Haroun na bụ akụkọ nke ụmụnne abụọ na-eto eto na-achọ nna ha. Esere ya na ebe dị na Gaoui na N'Djamena, Chad. Ọ bụ ya Nrubeisi nke Chadian maka onyinye agụmakwụkwọ Academy maka ihe nkiri asụsụ mba ofesi kacha mma na 75th Academy Awards mana ahọpụtaghị ya.

## Atụmatụ
Ụmụ nwoke abụọ (Tahir na Amine) tetara n'otu ụtụtụ wee chọpụta na nna ha agbahapụla ezinụlọ ha. N'ịbụ ndị na-awụ akpata oyi n'ahụ, ha malitere ịkpa àgwà ọjọọ. Ka ha na-ekiri ihe nkiri na nzuzo, ha chere na ha na-ahụ nna ha na-agwa ha okwu ma na-ezu ohi ihe nkiri ahụ iji nyochaa ihe nkiri ahụ. Nne ha (Achta) mechara nwee obi nkoropụ ma zigara ha n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Koranic. Enweghị obi ụtọ, ha na-eme atụmatụ ịgbapụ ruo mgbe nwata nwoke nke okenye hụrụ nwa agbọghọ ntị chiri n'anya (Khalil) 

## Nchịkọta na mmepụta
Ahidjo Mahamat Moussa, onye mere Tahir dị afọ iri na ise, nyere ya nhọrọ ụmụ nwoke ka ha mee nwanne ya nwoke nke obere Amine. O mechara họrọ Hamza Moctar Aguid dị afọ asatọ n'ihi na o chere na Aguid nwere ike ịbụ nwanne ya nwoke n'ezie.

Mgbe ụbọchị ọ bụla maka ịgbapụ, e zigara ihe nkiri 2600 kilomita na Paris maka nhazi. Naanị mgbe  chọsịrị ọtụtụ ụbọchị, mgbe akụkọ laghachiri na enweghị nsogbu, ọ ga-amalite ịgba égbè.

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Ahidjo Mahamat Moussa dị ka Tahir
* Hamza Moctar Aguid dị ka Amine
* Zara Haroun dị ka Achta (nne) 
* Mounira Khalil dị ka nwa agbọghọ Mute
* Diego Moustapha Ngarade dị ka Uncle Adoum

## Onyinye
Ihe nkiri ahụ meriri ihe nrite ndị a: 

* 2002 Hong Kong International Film Festival: Firebird Award - Aha pụrụ iche
* 2002 Kerala International Film Festival: FIPRESCI Prize na Golden Crow Pheasant
* 2003 Ouagadougou Panafrican Film and Television Festival: Baobab Seed Award, Best Cinematography, INALCO Award na UNICEF Award for Childhood

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ntinye akwụkwọ ndị Chad maka onyinye Academy maka ihe nkiri asụsụ mba ọzọ kacha mma

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

*
Sex, Okra and Salted Butter

Sex, Okra and Salted Butter (Sexe, gombo et beurre salé) bụ ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị nke afọ 2008 nke e mepụtara maka telivishọn. Ihe nkiri ahụ na- elekwasị anya n'ezinụlọ Mali bi na Bordeaux, France.

## Atụmatụ
Hortense (Mata Gabin), onye nọọsụ si Africa n'afọ iri anọ ya, hapụrụ ezinụlọ ya ka ya na onye ọ hụrụ n'anya, Jean-Paul - onye na-azụ oyster na Arcachon Bay. Di ya, Malik (Marius Yelolo) nọgidere na-agọnahụ ọpụpụ nwunye ya ka a hapụrụ ya ka ọ na-elekọta ụmụ ha - ụmụ nwoke abụọ dị afọ 12 na 6. Ka Malik na-arọ nrọ ịlaghachi n'ụlọ ya na Mali, ndị ọzọ nọ n'ezinụlọ ya (gụnyere nwa ya nwoke nke okenye Dani (Diouc Koma), onye a kpughere Malik na mberede) nabatara ndụ na France. Ọbịbịa a na-atụghị anya ya nke Aminamara mma ma dị omimi (Aïssa Maïga) na-eme ka ọnọdụ ezinụlọ sie ike, yana mmekọrịta chiri anya nke na-etolite n'etiti Malik na onye agbata obi ya owu na-ama Mme Myriam (Lorella Cravotta).

E gosipụtara ihe nkiri ahụ na mmemme Film Africa na 2012  ma gosipụta ya na telivishọn UK na The Africa Channel International (Sky 209 & Virgin y 828). 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga
na-eme ka ọnọdụ ezinụlọ sie ike, yana mmekọrịta chiri anya nke na na-eme ka ọnọdụ ezinụlọ sie ike, yana mmekọrịta chiri anya nke na

*
Oge na France

A Season in France (: Une Saison en France)bụ Ihe nkiri French nke 2017 nke Mahamat Saleh Haroun duziri. Akwụkwọ ya na ngalaba Special Presentation na 2017 Toronto Ememme Nkiri Mba Nile .  Ihe nkiri ahụ meghere Afrika Filmfestival  Louvain, Belgium n'ọnwa Eprel 2018 [1] ma kesaa ya na Benelux site na Imagine. 

## Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri

* Sandrine Bonnaire
* Eriq Ebouaney

## Atụmatụ
A na-eme ihe nkiri a na 2016. Abbas Mahadjir bụ onye nkuzi French na Central African Republic . Ya na ezinụlọ ya gbapụrụ, gụnyere nwanne ya nwoke, site n'otu n'ime agha obodo nke dakwasịrị mba ya. Ihe ncheta nke nwunye ya, nke e gburu n'oge ha na-agba ọsọ, na-enye ya nsogbu. Ọ bi na France ugbu a [ihe nkiri ahụ dị na Paris] ya na ụmụ ya abụọ, Asma na Yacine, ndị na-aga akwụkwọ. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ahịa mkpụrụ osisi na okooko osisi, ma na-agba ọsọ n'etiti ụlọ ndị a gbazitere na ndị a gbazite. Ọ zutere Carole n'ahịa, onye na-ere okooko osisi nke sitere na Poland onye ya na ya guzobere mmekọrịta.

Mgbe OFPRA (Office français de protection des réfugiés et apatrides) jụrụ arịrịọ ya maka ịgba ọsọ ndụ, Abbas malitere ịrịọ arịrịọ. Mgbe a jụrụ nke a, a na-enye ya ọkwa 'ibu ọrụ ịhapụ', n'ime ụbọchị 30. Ugbu a na-enweghị ọrụ na ụlọ, na "*na-enweghị akwụkwọ*", Abbas na ụmụ ya chọtara ebe mgbaba na Carole. Nwanne ya nwoke, onye bụbu onye nkuzi nkà ihe ọmụma na CAR, jụkwara akwụkwọ ịgba ọsọ ndụ ya, ọ gbakwara onwe ya n'ime ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka mbata na ọpụpụ, mgbe e mesịrị ọ nwụrụ site na mmerụ ahụ ya.

Na ngwụcha ụbọchị 30 iwu, na-ata ahụhụ siri ike, Abbas etinyeghị akwụkwọ mkpegharị ikpe na olileanya ikpeazụ ya, onyeisi oche nke ụlọ ikpe nchịkwa. Mgbe ndị uwe ojii kpọrọ Carole n'ụlọ ọrụ ndị uwe ojii ma gwa ya banyere ntaramahụhụ a na-enye maka inyere ndị mba ọzọ aka, ọ họọrọ iso ụmụ ya gbapụ n'ahapụghị adreesị ma ọ bụ kọntaktị. Carole gbalịrị n'efu ịchọta ihe ọ bụla na-egosi ha n'ogige ndị njem Calais Jungle, nke e wepụrụ ma kwatuo awa ole na ole tupu mgbe ahụ.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga
n'oge ha na-agba ọsọ, na-enye ya nsogbu. Ọ bi na France ugbu a [ihe nkiri ahụ dị na Paris] ya

*
Bye Bye Africa

***Bye Bye Africa*** bụ ihe nkiri Chadian nwetara ihe nrite 1999. Ọ bụ nke mbụ sitere n'aka onye ntụzi Chad Mahamat Saleh Haroun, onye mekwara ihe nkiri. Ihe nkiri docu na etiti ụdị akụkọ ifo nke Haroun.

## Atụmatụ
Onye nduzi ihe nkiri nke Chad nke bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na France (Haroun) laghachiri n'ụlọ mgbe nne ya nwụrụ. Ọ na-awụ ya akpata oyi n'ahụ maka ọnọdụ mebiri emebi nke mba ahụ na ihe nkiri mba ahụ. N'ịbụ onye ndị ezinụlọ ya na-enwe obi abụọ banyere ọrụ ọ họọrọ, Haroun na-anwa ịgbachitere onwe ya site n'ihota Jean-Luc Godard: "Ihe nkiri ahụ na-emepụta ihe ncheta. "Onye na-eme ihe nkiri ahụ kpebiri ime ihe nkiri a raara nye nne ya nke akpọrọ Bye *Bye Africa* mana ozugbo ọ na-ezute nnukwu nsogbu. Ụlọ ihe nkiri emechiela ma ọ gaghị ekwe omume inweta ego. Onye nduzi ahụ zutere enyi nwanyị ochie (Yelena), onye ndị Chadians na-enweghị ike ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti ihe nkiri na eziokwu mgbe ọ pụtara n'otu n'ime ihe nkiri ya gara aga dị ka onye ọrịa HIV. Haroun mụtara banyere mbibi nke ihe nkiri sinima Africa site n'aka ndị nduzi na mba ndị gbara ya gburugburu, mana ọ hụkwara Issa Serge Coelo na-ese ihe nkiri mbụ ya, *Daressalam*. Ihe na-aga nke ọma ma, kwenyesiri ike na ọ gaghị ekwe omume ime ihe nkiri n'Africa, Haroun hapụrụ Chad, na-ahapụ igwefoto ihe nkiri ya nye nwa okorobịa na-enyere ya aka.

## Onyinye
Ihe nkiri ahụ meriri ihe nrite ndị a: 

* 1999 Amiens International Film Festival: Special Mention in the category Best Feature Film
* 2000 Kerala International Film Festival: FIPRESCI Prize (tied with Deveeri (1999))
* 1999 Venice Film Festival:'CinemAvvenire' Award in the category Best First Film, Luigi De Laurentiis Award - Special Mention

## Ihe edeturu na ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Nkọwa site n'aka onye na-ekesa US
*
Abate Mekuria

**Abate Mekuria** (; 1944 – 20 July 2016) bụ onye isi Etiopia, onye na-ede egwuregwu, onye na-agụ egwu, na onye na-emepụta ihe ngosi maka telivishọn, ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri..

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Abate na Addis Ababa.  gara Mahadum Haile Selassie n'oge ahụ, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Bekee ma melite na ihe nkiri n'afọ ndị 1960.

.

Site na 1976, na ikike dị ka onye nduzi na Ethiopian National Theatre ruo na mgbanwe nke afọ 1991, Abate na Tsegaye Gabre-Medhin rụkọrọ ọrụ, bụ onye ruo ọtụtụ afọ dere ihe nkiri nke Abate ga-eduzi. Nkà Abate -agbanwe ogologo okwu Tsegaye (na mgbe ụfọdụ na-agwụ ike) ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkiri na-adọrọ mmasị.

'afọ 1990, o dere ma duzie ihe nkiri The Shoe Shine Boys, nke na-ekwu maka nsogbu mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke oge a nke ndị nọ n'ọkwá dị ala n'Etiopia, nke a ga-eduga na nrụgide gọọmentị, bụ ndị lere egwuregwu ahụ anya ka ọ mebiri onyinyo ya.

### Nkatọ
Jane Plastow n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 1996, katọrọ ikike Abate Mekuria na Tsegaye Gabre-Medhin nwere n'ihe nkiri ahụ. A na-agbasa ihe nkiri kemgbe 1987 nke gosipụtara atụmatụ nke ndị ikom abụọ ahụ na-eme atụmatụ mmemme iji nọgide na-achịkwa ihe nkiri ahụ ruo n'afọ 2010. Site na nhọpụta ya na 1976 ruo 1987, Abate jụrụ ịnabata ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum na ihe nkiri ahụ n'agbanyeghị nrụgide ime otú ahụ, ebe ụlọ ihe nkiri ndị ọzọ nyere ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị na-eto eto ohere. Plastow kwuru na "Abate Mekuria pụtara dị ka onye nduzi na-ekwo ekworo na-ejigide ike ya, ma eleghị anya na-atụ ụjọ maka ịla ya n'iyi".  bụghị ruo mgbe ya na Tsegaye Gabre-Medhin sere okwu na 1988 ka Abate gbanwere ụzọ, ma kwe ka ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ gaa ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri nke ndị edemede dịgasị iche iche, n'afọ ndị ikpeazụ ya na ihe nkiri ahụ.

## Ihe Nketa
Abate Mekuria nwụrụ na July 20, 2016, n'ụlọ ọgwụ Addis Ababa Hiwot n'ihi ọrịa kansa prostate.

## Ndepụta nke egwuregwu
 

* *Haltu Be Sidist Wer* (1966)
* *Othello* (1973)
* *Hamus* (1978)
* *Epides Negus* (1988)
* *Be Hamle Chereka Guzo* (1996)
* *Afageshign* (2003)

## Edensibia
Lingui, Njikọ Dị Nsọ

***Lingui, The Sacred Bonds*** () bụ Ihe nkiri ejije na mba ụwa jikọtara ọnụ na 2021 nke Mahamat Saleh Haroun dere ma duzie ya. Na June 2021, ahọpụtara ihe nkiri ahụ ka ọ bụrụ asọmpi maka Palme d'Or na 2021 Cannes Film Festival. Ahọpụtara ya dị ka ntinye nke Chadian Ihe nkiri kacha mma nke mba ụwa na 94th Academy Awards. Ọ nweta kwara IFFI ICFT UNESCO Gandhi Nrite na 52nd International Film Festival of India

Na mpụga N'Djamena na Chad, Amina bi naanị ya na nwa ya nwanyị dị afọ iri na ise Maria. Ụwa ya na-adịghị ike na-ada n'ụbọchị ọ chọpụtara na nwa ya nwanyị dị ime. Onye nọ n'afọ iri na ụma ahụ achọghị ime ime a. N'ime mba ebe ọ bụghị naanị okpukpe katọrọ ite ime, kamakwa iwu, Amina na-ahụ onwe ya na-eche agha nke yiri ka ọ ga-efunahụ ya tupu oge eruo ihu.

## Cast

* Achouackh Abakar Souleymane as Amina
* Rihane Khalil Alio as Maria
* Youssouf Djaoro as Brahim

## Ntọhapụ
Mgbe emere  na Cannes Film Festival, MUBI nwetara ikike nkesa ihe nkiri ahụ maka US, UK, Turkey, Latin America na Ireland.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ntinye na 94th Academy Awards maka Best International Feature Film
* Ndepụta nke ntinye aka nke Chad maka onyinye Academy maka Best International Feature Film

## Edensibia

## External links

*
Ihe omuma Aymadji

Opportune Aymadji bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Chad. Ọ bụ onye otu Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS) nke National Assembly .   N'ime Julaị afo 2015 ọ nwara nwanne ukwu nke MPS maka Logone Oriental n'ihe ịga nke ọma.

## Ihe nkiri

* Tatie Pouvait Vivre, 1995.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Mkparịta ụka na Aymadji Opportune 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
GriGris

***GriGris*** bụ Ihe nkiri ihe nkiri French-Chadian nke 2013 nke Mahamat Saleh Haroun duziri, nke Soulémane Démé, Mariam Monory, Cyril Guei na Marius Yelolo gosipụtara. Ọ bụ banyere nwoke dị afọ iri abụọ na ise nwere ụkwụ kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ nke na-arọ nrọ ịghọ onye na-agba egwú, ma malite ịrụ ọrụ maka otu ndị na-ebubata mmanụ ụgbọala. E mepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ site na French Pili Films na nkwado mmepụta site na Chadian Goï Goï Productions. Ọ nwetakwara nkwado site na Canal+, Ciné+, TV5Monde, Canal Horizons na CNC. Filming malitere na 29 Ọktoba 2012. 

A họpụtara ihe nkiri ahụ maka Palme d'Or na 2013 Cannes Film Festival  wee merie Vulcan Award .   họọrọ ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka ntinye Chadian maka Best Foreign Language Film na 86th Academy Awards, mana a họpụtaghị ya.  gosipụtakwara ihe nkiri ahụ na 36th Denver Film Festival. [1]   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ntinye na 86th Academy Awards maka Best Foreign Language Film
* Ndepụta nke ntinye akwụkwọ ndị Chad maka onyinye Academy maka ihe nkiri asụsụ mba ọzọ kacha mma

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga
ihe nkiri ahụ site na French Pili Films na nkwado mmepụta site

*
Salem Mekuria

**Salem Mekuria** (amụrụ n'afọ 1947) bụ Onye Etiopia na-eme ihe nkiri onwe ya, onye na-ese vidio na onye nkuzi bi na United States.

## Ndụ na ọrụ
A mụrụ Mekuria na Addis Ababa. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ebe ahụ na Axum, wee kwaga United States na 1967 ebe ọ gụrụ sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na.akwụkwọ akụkọ na Macalester College. Mekuria nwetara MA na teknụzụ agụmakwụkwọ na mmepụta mgbasa ozi sitere na steeti San Francisco Mahadum na 1978. O mechara rụọ ọrụ na ọdụ WGBH TV dị na Boston, malite dị ka odeakwụkwọ mana n'ikpeazụ.ịghọ onye na-emepụta ihe maka usoro Nova. Mekuria bụ Luella LaMer Prọfesọ nke mmụta ụmụ nwanyị na ngalaba nka na kọleji Wellesley.

 na-ede, na-emepụta ma na-eduzi ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri vidio metụtara Etiopia. Ọrụ  apụtala na 50th Venice Biennale, CinemAfrica Film Festival na Sweden, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, National Museum of African Art nke Smithsonian Institution, documenta 11 na Berlin na New York African Film Festival na New York City. [1]

## Ọrụ

### Ihe nkiri

* *Ebe Anyị Na-anọ n'Anyanwụ* (1988) 
* Dị ka M Na-echeta Ya: Portrait of Dorothy West (1991) 
* Sidet: Forced Exile (1991) - ihe ngosi
* *Ye Wonz Maibel (Iwu Mmiri) * (1997) 

### Ihe nkiri vidio

* Nkwụsị: Akụkọ dị iche iche, Venice Biennale (2003) 
* Ichepụta Tobia (2006-2007) 
* Akụkọ Square, Addis Ababa (2010) 

## Onyinye

### Mmekọrịta

* Nkwado sitere na Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study 
* New England Media Fellowship[]
* 1991: Ihe nrite Massachusetts Artists Foundation
* -1992: Fellowship si na Bunting Institute na Radcliffe College [1]
* : Lila Wallace-Reader's Digest International Artist Residency Fellowship [1]
* 1995: Rockefeller Foundation Intercultural Media Fellowship
* -2004: Fulbright Scholar[1]

### Ihe nrite ihe nkiri

* 1991: Juror's Citation, Black Maria Film & Video Festival.
* 1993: Sidet: Ịgba ọsọ n'ike natara Apple ọlaọcha na National Educational Film and Video Festival
* Sidet: Forced Exile nwetara ọnọdụ mbụ na National Black Programming Consortium's Prized Pieces na Outstanding Independent film na New England Film & Video FestivalEmume ihe nkiri na vidiyo nke New England
* 1997: Director's Citation, Black Maria Film & Video Festival.
* A họpụtara Our Place In The Sun maka onyinye Emmy 
* Ye Wonz Maibel (Iju Mmiri) nwetara ọnọdụ mbụ na National Black Programming Consortium's Prized Pieces

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Salome Mulugeta

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Salome Mulugeta at Mayor Muriel Bowser Proclamation
**Salome Mulugeta** bụ onye Etiopia na onye Eritrea-American na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-eme egwuregwu na onye nta akụkọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na England. Ọ bụ onye natara Ambassador Award 2019 na onye a na-asọpụrụ na ọkwa Mayor Muriel Bowser. A maara Salome nke ọma maka ihe nkiri mbụ ya, Woven, na maka mmeri nke Audience Narrative Award maka Film nke Women of Color duziri na African Diaspora International Film Festival na New York. Mulugeta na Nagwa Ibrahim duziri Woven nke gosipụtara na Los Angeles Film Festival . 

## Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
A mụrụ Salome Mulugeta na Addis Ababa, Etiopia. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Clarendon maka ụmụ nwanyị na Bedfordshire, England, tupu ọ mụọ mgbasa ozi na akwụkwọ akụkọ na MidAmerica Nazarene University, mahadum Ndị Kraịst nkeonwe na Olathe, Kansas. Salome rụrụ ọrụ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ TV dị na Kansas tupu ya akwagato Los Angeles, ebe o dere Woven na omee Ryan Spahn. Mgbe ha zutere Nagwa Ibrahim, di na nwunye ahụ duziri wee mepụta Woven ọnụ. Ihe nkiri ahụ, n'ime nke Mulugeta mekwara ihe ngosi, rụpụtara ihe ngosi ya na New York na 2017 African Diaspora Film Festival na New York, na enyochala ihe ngosi ụwa ya na 2016 Los Angeles Film Festival.

## Ihe nkiri

* *Akpụkpọ anụ (*) 
* Abeka (Na Mmepe) 
* A Bed Light Bulb (2018) 
* Marz (2016) 
* Ọ bụ Ụzọ A Ma Ama Karịa Gị (2013) 
* Nwa nke Ezinụlọ (2002) 

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Dagmawi Yimer

**Dagmawi Yimer** (amuru 6 Disemba 1977), bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Italy amụrụ onye Etiopia. Ọ bụkwa onye nchoputa na osote onye isi oche Archivio delle Memorie Migranti.

## Ndụ onwe onye
A mụrụ ya na 6 Disemba 1977 na obere obodo Kirkos, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Tupu  hapụ mba ahụ, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ iwu na Addis Ababa na 2003.

## Ọrụ
N'afọ 2005, ọ hapụrụ Etiopia n'ihi ọgba aghara siri ike na-esote ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ hapụrụ ụlọ n'agwaghị nna ya mana naanị nne ya na nwanne ya nwanyị. Ọ gafere ọzara dị n'etiti Sudan na Libya ma mesịa gafee Mediterenian na ngwụcha Julaị 2006. 'ikpeazụ, ọ rutere Ịtali mgbe njem dị ize ndụ gasịrị. Ọ kwagara Lampedusa ma biri ebe ahụ kemgbe 30 Julaị 2006. N'ọnwa Mee afọ 2007, ọ gara ọmụmụ ihe akụkọ vidio nke Asinitas. 'oge a, o mere ihe ngosi mbụ ya The Desert And the Sea na mmekorita ya na Asinitas, Zalab na Aamod.

Ka ọ dịgodị, ọ kwagara na asụsụ na ọdịbendị maka njikọ Asinitas Onlus, n'ime otu ụlọ akwụkwọ Italian maka ndị na-achọ ebe mgbaba, ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na ndị mbịarambịa. 'ime afọ ya kachasị mma site na 2007 ruo 2008, Yimer mere ihe nkiri mkpirikpi a ma ama: Lo scabocchio, Le sagome, na Caravan. Mgbe ahụ, ya na Marco Carsetti mere mkpirikpi Welcome to your home.  ahụ, ọ bụ onye so dee akụkọ ndụ Come un uomo sulla terra nke dabeere na mbata si Libya gaa Europe. [1] Ọ bụ Asinitas Onlus mepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ, ya na nkwado nke Zalab. 'afọ 2009, Yimer natara aha pụrụ iche na BIF & ST maka ihe ngosi ahụ.

N'afọ 2011, o mere ihe nkiri *Solo Il mare*, nke lekwasịrị anya n'àgwàetiti Lampedusa. Mgbe ahụ na 2013, Yimer mere Va 'Pensiero dabere na akụkọ nke mwakpo agbụrụ abụọ na Milan na Florence. N'afọ 2015, o mere ihe nkiri abụọ: Asmat-Names na *Benvenuti na Ịtali*. 

## Ihe nkiri

## Edensibia

* 
* Changing the Narrative of the World: Interview with Gabriele Del Grande and Dagmawi Yimer
* Artist talk with Dagmawi Yimer and Zakaria Mohamed Ali
* Long Journeys. African Migrants on the Road
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Daniel Taye Workou

**Daniel Taye Workou** (amụrụ 6 June 1969) bụ onye ntụzi ihe nkiri German-Ethiopian, onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri na onye na-ese ihe.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Workou na Berlin na 1969 na nne na nna ndị Etiopia. Ọ mụrụ mmekọrịta mba ụwa ma rụọ ọrụ maka ọtụtụ òtù na-abụghị nke gọọmentị. Workou mechara kpebie ịbanye na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri wee sonye na mmemme ihe nkiri na Mahadum Columbia. Na mbido ọrụ ya, ọ duziri ihe ngosi egwu, vidiyo na ihe nkiri egwu.  Ndị a gụnyere Peace Concert na Hague na 2000. 'afọ 2003, Workou duziri ihe nkiri A *Sangomar Boure* . [1]

Workou  onye guzobere BiraBiro Films, nke dị na Addis Ababa. 'afọ 2014, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-emepụta L' éclat furtif de l'ombre . [1] Workou  onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri post-apocalyptic Crumbs na 2015, nke enyi ya Miguel Llansó duziri. 'afọ 2019, ọ bụ onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri Jesus Shows You the Way to the Highway, nke Llansó duziri.

## Ihe nkiri

* 2000: Peace Concert na Hague (onye nduzi) 
* 2003: A *Sangomar Boure* (onye nduzi) 
* 2005: *Carjackin* (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi; onye edemede) 
* 2006: Menged (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi; onye edemede / onye nduzi) 
* 2009: *Woinshet* (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi; onye na-emepụta ihe) 
* 2010: *Ebee ka nkịta m nọ?*  (ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi; onye na-emepụta ihe) 
* 2013: The Wild Years (onye na-emepụta ihe) 
* 2014: L'éclat furtif de l'ombre (onye na-emepụta ihe) 
* 2015: Crumbs (onye na-emepụta ya) 
* 2015: Der weiße Äthiopier (onye na-emepụta ọrụ) 
* 2019: Jesus Shows You the Way to the Highway (onye na-emepụta ihe / onye na-emepụta / onye na'eme ihe nkiri) 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

*  na Internet Movie DatabaseEbe nchekwa data ihe nkiri n'ịntanetị
ịbanye na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri wee sonye na mmemme ihe onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri Jesus Shows You the

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Alamork Davidian

**Aäläm-Wärqe Davidian**, onye a na-akpọkarị **Alamork Davidian** na Bekee, bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri Onye Etiopia na Israel. Oge izizi  dị ka onye nduzi, Fig Tree, bụ onye a họpụtara maka onyinye Ophir maka ihe nkiri kacha mma na 2018. [1]

*Osisi fig* dabeere n'otu akụkụ na nwata ya na Addis Ababa tupu ọ kwaga Israel.  lụrụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri na onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri bụ Kobi Davidian . [1]

 2018 Toronto International Film Festival, ọ meri Eurimages Audentia Award maka Best Female Director maka osisi fig.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga
n'otu akụkụ na nwata ya na Addis Ababa tupu ọ kwaga

*  
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Hermon Hailay

**Hermon Hailay** bụ onye edemede / onye ihe nkiri Onye Etiopia. Ɔ duziri ọtụtụ ihe nkiri DVD nke ụlọ na-aga nke ọma nanke na-aga n'ihu n'ahịa tupu ọ mezue ihe nkiri ihe nkiri mbụ ya, Price of Love .

A kpọrọ ihe nkiri ahụ ka ọ gaa na nhọpụta gọọmentị na Toronto International Film Festival 2015. E gosipụtakwara ya na asọmpi gọọmentị na FESPACO 2015 ebe ọ meriri ihe nrite pụrụ iche nke Ouagadougou.  gara n'ihu na-asọmpi n'ọtụtụ mmemme ihe nkiri mba ụwa ma merie ọtụtụ ihe nrite.

A mụrụ Hermon Hailey na ala nne nke Huruta, Etiopia. Ọnwụ nna ya kpaliri ya ịghọ onye na-ede ihe nkiri.

## Edensibia
 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Léonie Yangba Zowe

**Léonie Yangba Zowe**  ma ọ bụ **Zoe** bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri si Central African Republic.

Yangba Zowe gụrụ akwụkwọ na France, na-ede edemede banyere onye na-eme ihe nkiri Naijiria bụ Oumarou Ganda. 

Ihe nkiri  dị egwu 8, nke e mere site na nkwado nke Ministry of Cooperation nke France, na-edekọ egwu na emume nke Central African Republic.  gosipụtara abụọ n'ime ihe ngosi ya na Créteil International Women's Film Festival na 1989. [1]

## Ihe nkiri

* *Yangba bolo*, 1985
* *Asụsụ*, 1985
* *N'Zale*, 1986
* *Okwu ndị amamihe*, 1987

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* 

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Zeresenay Berhane Mehari

**Zeresenay Berhane Mehari** (amụrụ n'afọ 1974), bụ onye Etiopia na-eme ihe nkiri.  bụ onye a ma dị ka onye ntụziaka nke ihe nkiri ndị a ma ama Difret na Sweetness in the Belly . [1]

 ihe nkiri sinima, ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye isi nke ọdịnaya mbụ maka Kana Television, ọnụ ọgụgụ mbụ a na-ahọrọ n'efu, ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ satellite nke onwe na Ethiopia.

## Ndụ onwe onye
A mụrụ ya na Addis Ababa, Ethiopia n'ezinụlọ nwere ụmụnne asaa.  mechara kwa USA ebe nwanne ya nwoke na nwanne ya nwoke kwagara Netherlands, nwanne ya nwoke ọzọ nọ na Sweden.

## Ọrụ
Mgbe  kwagara USA, Mehari ike ihe nkiri na Mahadum nke Southern California School of Cinematic Arts ma akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na nzere Bachelor of Arts. Mgbe  na-agụ akwụkwọ, o guzobere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta 'Haile-Addis Pictures'. [1]

He started to work as a production assistant for two episodes: *All About Eve* and *The Seven Year Itch* in 2000 television serial *Backstory*. Then he was the production assistant for episode *M*A*S*H: Comedy Under Fire* in 2001 serial *History vs. Hollywood*. Later in 2006, he was the producer of short*Leila* directed by Hanelle M. Culpepper. Later in the year, he made his first short film *Coda*.

N'afọ 2005, nwanne ya nwoke mere ka ọ mata onye ọka iwu Meaza Ashenafi. Mgbe ahụ ya na ya, ha chọpụtara ikpe Hirut Assefa na omenala nke "telefa" mgbe ha na-eme nchọpụta na Meaza ma na-arụ ọrụ na nzukọ ya. Site 'iji ihe omume ahụ mee ihe, ọ duziri ihe nkiri *Difret* na 2014, nke nwetara nyocha dị mma. Onye -emepụta ihe nkiri ahụ bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Hollywood Angelina Jolie . [1] Ọ bụ ezie na o nwere ohere ịgba ihe nkiri ahụ na 2009, o mechara chere ruo 2012 maka ime ihe nkiri n'ihi nsogbu ndị na-eme ihe nkiri. Ihe nkiri ahụ gosipụtara na Sundance Film Festival na Jenụwarị 2013. Ihe nkiri ahụ meriri ndị na-ege ntị na Sundance Film Festival, Berlin Film Festival, Park City Film Music Festival, Amsterdam Film Festival nakwa na Montreal World Film Festival. Otú ọ dị, na Septemba 2014, ndị ọchịchị gbochiri ihe nkiri ahụ na Etiopia na-ekwu na ihe nkiri ahụ nyere Meaza 'oké otuto'.   dị, e mechara wepụta ya na ikpe abụọ ma nwee ihe ịga nke ọma na ihe nkiri na Ethiopia.

'afọ 2019, o mere ihe nkiri nke abụọ, Sweetness in the Belly, ihe nkiri nke afọ nke Dakota Fanning na Yahya Abdul-Mateen II. O nwewere ya na ngalaba Discovery nke Toronto Film Festival. Ihe nkiri  sitere n'akwụkwọ nke otu aha nke Camilla Gibb dere.

## Ihe nkiri

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* 
* Difret site na Director Zeresenay Berhane Mehari
* Zeresenay Berhane Mehari
o nwere ohere ịgba ihe nkiri ahụ na 2009, o mechara chere ruo 2012 maka ime ihe nkirio nwere ohere ịgba ihe nkiri ahụ na 2009, o mechara chere ruo 2012 maka ime ihe nkiri
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Joseph Akouissone

**Joseph Akouissonne** (1 January 1943 – 17 February 2019) bụ onye isi ihe nkiri Central Africa, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye nta akụkọ.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Akouissone na Bangassou na 1943. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị ya na Lycée Technique de Bangui . Akouissone kwagara France na 1985 iji mụọ mgbakọ na mwepụ ma zụọ dị ka injinia. Kama ịga n'ihu n'ụzọ a, ọ gara ọmụmụ Audiovisual na Ecole pratique des Hautes Etudes de Paris X ma mee thesis postgraduate n'okpuru Jean Roach na ethnography. Akouissone mere ihe nkiri a na-akparaghị ókè banyere onye ọkpụite site na Sauveteur de Rouergue . 

N'afọ 1975, o duziri ihe nkiri mkpirikpi mbụ ya, *Josepha*, na isiokwu nke ụmụ nwanyị ojii na Europe. Mgbe e kenyere ya ọrụ site na Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Nkwado nke Upper Volta, Akouissone duziri Festival de Royan na 1977, ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi nke ọkara awa banyere ndị na-agụ egwú na ndị na-agba egwú na ememme ahụ. 'afọ 1980, o mepụtara Dieux Noirs du State maka telivishọn French, na-ekpuchi ndị egwuregwu bọọlụ atọ na onye na-egwu basketball. 'afọ sochirinụ, Akouissone duziri ihe nkiri mbụ e mere na Central African Republic, Un homme est un homme . [1] 'afọ 1982, Akouissone duziri *Zo Kwè Zo*, nke natara ihe nrite maka ihe nkiri kachasị mma na mmemme ihe nkiri na telivishọn nke asatọ nke Ouagadougou yana ihe nrite nke International TV Cinema Commission, nke UNESCO nyere.

N'ime 1980s, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na France 3 Limousin. Ọ lara ezumike nká na 2007, mana ọ nọgidere na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ezumike nká, na-ede blọgụ na ịkatọ ime ihe ike na nchịkọta akụkọ. Akouissone nwuru na Febụwarị 17, 2019 n'afọ 76.

## Akụkụ nke ihe nkiri

* 1975: *Josepha* (onye nduzi) 
* 1977: Festival de Royan (onye nduzi) 
* 1978: *Safrana ma ọ bụ Nnwere Onwe ikwu okwu* (onye na-eme ihe nkiri) 
* 1980: *Chi ojii nke steeti* (onye nduzi) 
* 1981: Otu *Nwoke bụ nwoke* (onye nduzi) 
* 1982: *Zo Kwè Zo* (onye nduzi) 
* 1985: Burkina Cinema (onye nduzi) 
* 1987: FESPACO Images 87 (onye nduzi) 
* 1989: Africa Cinema (onye nduzi) 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

*  na Internet Movie Database,
Tariku Birhanu

**Tariku Birhanu** (; 1983 – 10 Disemba 2022), makwaara aha ogbo aha Baba, bụ onye omere na onye ntụzi ihe nkiri Etiopia. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ihe dị ka iri anọ fim ndị dị mkpa Hiwot Ena Sak, Kebad Mizan, Wondime Yakob na Ye’Arada Lij.

Na 10 Disemba 2022, Tariku nwụrụ site na ọrịa a na-amaghị ama mgbe ọ dị afọ 38.  mere emume olili ozu ya na Holy Trinity Cathedral na 12 Disemba, ọtụtụ ndị ama ama na ndị ikwu gosipụtara na ihe omume ahụ. Nwa ya nwoke, na nwunye ya bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri a ma ama aha ya bụ Kalkidan Tibebu hapụrụ ya.

## Ndụ
A mụrụ Tariku Birhanu na 1983 (dị ka ụfọdụ isi mmalite si kwuo) na Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, ọ bụ ezie na akụkọ ọnwụ gọọmentị ekwughị kpọmkwem ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya. Ọ malitere ọrụ ime ihe nkiri n'oge ọ dị afọ, site na ime ihe nkiri ruo na iduzi, nke mere ka ọ bụrụ onye a ma ama na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri nke Etiopia. Tariku sonyere na ihe nkiri 40 gụnyere Laundry Boy, Love na Facebook, The Engineers, *Kebad Mizan*, Abat Hager, *Martreza*, Wondime Yakob, na *Ye"Arada Lij*. Ọ kwadoro mkpọsa nke Eye Bank of Ethiopia, na-etinye aka na ọrụ ebere n'ime nzukọ ahụ. Tariku lụrụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Kalkidan Tibebu, onye o nwere nwa nwoke dị afọ isii. Onye nta akụkọ Tadias Addis Seifu Fantahun kwupụtara  di na nwunye ahụ agbasaala mmekọrịta ha, nwatakịrị ahụ na nne ya biri n'ihi ọrịa Tariku.

## Ọnwụ
Na 10 Disemba 2022, Tariku nwụrụ na Addis Ababa site na ọrịa a na-amaghị ama. O nwere ọrịa na-eyi ndụ egwu nke kpatara nsogbu. N'oge ọ nwụrụ, nwa ya nwoke hapụrụ ya. 'abalị iri na abụọ n'ọnwa Disemba, e mere mmemme nke ọma maka Tariku na Ụlọ Egwuregwu Mba Etiopia ma mee emume olili ozu na Katidral Holy Trinity .  Ndị  ma ama n'ọrụ dị iche iche gara ememe olili ozu ya.

Ọrụ Tariku nyere aka n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ọtụtụ onyinye dịka Leza Awards.  mechara mepụta ihe nkiri ya na 6 Machị 2023 nke Eliana Film Productions mepụtara, ebe Tariku gosipụtara dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri ya yana ndị ọzọ dị ka Dereje Hailu, Cherenet Fikadu, Nuhamin Meseret, Mihiret Tadesse.

## Edensibia
Adanech Admassu

**Adanech Admassu** (amụrụ na 30 Mee 1977) bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke Etiopia. Isi ihe nke ọrụ ya bụ imekọ ihe ọnụ na mmemme NGO na Ethiopia na idozi nsogbu ahụike ọha na eze na ikike mmadụ na Ethiopia na n'ofe Africa,  na-elekwasị anya n'akụkọ ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ nwanyị.  Site  Gem TV, o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe nkiri gbasara ndụ kwa ụbọchị na obodo.

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Oge ọ malitere
Adanech Admussu a mụrụ na zụlitere na nke Mercato community  n'ime Addis Ababa, dị ka ọkpara n'ezinụlọ Ndị Kraịst. Nna ya hapụrụ ezinụlọ ya mgbe ọ bụ nwata. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na isii, ọ pụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ọ na-elekọta ụmụnne ya mgbe nne ya na-arịa ọrịa ma mesịa malite ire nri n'okporo ámá Mercato iji nweta ụgwọ ọrụ ezinụlọ ya..

### Film maker
N'afọ 1997, ọ sonyeere mmemme ọzụzụ na Gem TV, otu n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ ihe nkiri mbụ na Etiopia. Ihe omume ahụ were ụmụaka  n'ebe ndị ogbenye zụọ ha ka ha bụrụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ bụ ebe mbụ ọ malitere ịkpọtụrụ ime ihe nkiri ma nye ya ohere inwe olu nke ya. O nwetakwara ohere maka agụmakwụkwọ ọzọ n'oge ọzụzụ ahụ.   Ọ nọrọ na Gem TV na ụfọdụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ.

.

N'afọ 2014, a họpụtara ya ka ọ gaa Cannes Film Festival site na mmemme "From Addis To Cannes" ya na ndị na-eme ihe nkiri anọ ndị ọzọ nke Etiopia iji nweta ihe ndị ọzọ na-eme fim.  bụ onye mbụ n'ime ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-eme ihe nkiri na Etiopia nwere ohere a.

## Ihe nkiri

### Ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri

* *Stolen Childhood* (2002)
* *Pillar of the House* (2004)
* *Reaching the Unreachable* (2006)

### Ihe nkiri

## Onyinye na mmata
N'afọ 2008, ihe nkiri ya bụ Stolen Childhood meriri onyinye na ikike na ikpe ziri ezi na 2nd Addis International Film Festival na 2012 ọ natara onyinye ONE WORLD MEDIA nke 24 maka Gem TV  maka ihe nkiri a. 

N'afọ 2018, ihe nkiri ya dị mkpirikpi "Calling the Stars" bụ nhọrọ nke ihe nkiri dị mkpirisi nke 23rd Zanzibar International Film Festival . 

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ