open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Asụsụ Taizhou

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|400x400px| Bible dị na Taizhou Romanised ( Jenesis ), nke Òtù Bible Britain na Mba Ọzọ bipụtara .
**Olumba Taizhou** (olumba Taizhou: T'e-tsiu wa; simplified Chinese      ) bụ olumba nke Wu Chinese . A na-asụ ya n'obodo Taizhou dị na mpaghara Zhejiang, China . Ọ bụ naanị akụkụ nke Shanghainese nwere nghọta.

## Igwe okwu

### Consonants

* [m] na [ŋ] bụ consonants syllabic

### Udaume

## Ntụaka
akpọkarị omume a na ọdịda anyanwụ nke Leh, yana mmiri na-na olu nke consonant bụla ka na-
Stod Bhoti

**Stod Bhoti** ( *sTodpa* ), nke a na-akpọkarị **Lahul Bhoti** ma ọ bụ **Lahuli**, bụ asụsụ Tibetic a na-asụ na mpaghara Lahaul na Spiti nke Himachal Pradesh, India. Ọ mebere otu jikọtara ọnụ na asụsụ Lahuli–Spiti ndị ọzọ, ọ dịkwa nso na Standard Tibet . 

Dị ka *Ethnologue* si kwuo, olumba bụ Stod kwesịrị ekwesị (Kolong), Khoksar (ie Khoksar Bhoti) na Mayar (Mayar Bhoti, ma ọ bụ Mayari). Ha na-akọ 85% nghọta nke olumba Stod nke Khoksar, 75% nke Mayar, 62% nke Khoksar site na Mayar, na 95% nke Khoksar nke Stod Bhoti. Enwere myirịta lexical 74% na asụsụ yiri Spiti Bhoti . 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Akpọrọ mpaghara Lahaul ebe a na-asụ asụsụ ahụ "Kothi Kolong" n'aha Kolong, bụ isi obodo Kothi. Grierson kpọrọ asụsụ ahụ " ** &#x5D; &#x5B; .

A mụrụ asụsụ a nke mbụ mgbe ntọala nke ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke Ụka Moravian na 1854. N'afọ 1881, HA Jaeschke bipụtara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Tibet-Bekee nke gụnyere tebụl atụnyere okwu sitere na asụsụ dị iche iche a na-asụ na mpaghara ahụ, gụnyere Stod Bhoti, mana n'ekwughị aha asụsụ ahụ n'ụzọ doro anya.

N'afọ 1934, Roerich mụrụ asụsụ a nke ọma, wee kpọọ ya 'Kolong' n'aha obodo ukwu ya.

Nnyocha asụsụ ndị mmadụ nke India (PLSI) chọpụtara njirimara abụọ pụtara ìhè nke asụsụ ahụ: ụda dị iche na ime ka ọ dị mfe nke consonants.  Ebipụtakwala akwụkwọ ụtọ asụsụ. 

## Ntụaka
akpọkarị omume a na ọdịda anyanwụ nke Leh, yana mmiri na-asụ ya na Ji n'aka nribụla ka na-adabere na olu nke consonant bụla ka na-
Asụsụ Nachhiring

**Nachhiring** bụ asụsụ Kirati a na-asụkarị n'ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Nepal . Ọ bụghị merges n'ime Kulung n'ebe ugwu na Sampang na ndịda. Onye na-eso ngalaba nke Nachiring

Dapsnu (Samei) nke Kirat Nachiring sub-caste (Pacha) Kirat Nachiring sub-caste nwere 110 (Samei) dị ka achọpụtara site na nyocha ruo ugbu a. Anyị nwere sub-caste 110 nke obodo Nachiring. Dịka Hamele, Sibirikhu, Kubiti, Temsu ndị ọzọ. 

## Aha
A pụkwara ịsụgharị aha ahụ *Nachering*, *Nachhereng*, *Nachhering*, *Nasring* "Bangdel". "Bangdale" bụ aha agbụrụ. *Ethnologue* depụtara aha ọzọ Bangdale, Bangdel Tûm, Bangdile, Mathsereng, Nacchhering, Nacering Ra, Nachering Tûm, Nachiring, Nasring, Nasru Bhra.

## Nkesa ala
A na-asụ Nachering na ebe ndị a na Nepal ( *Ethnologue* ).

* Oke ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Khotang District, Koshi Province (na mpaghara mkpọda osimiri Lidim Khola dị nso na ndagwurugwu Rawakhola, isi mmiri na ọdụ ndịda Aiselukharke ): Rakha, Bangdel, Dipsun, Para, Badel, Patel, Bakachol, na Aiselukharka VDC's
* Mpaghara Solukhumbu : Waddu na Sotang VDC

Grollmann (2018:2) kọrọ na a na-asụ Nachiring n'ime obodo Aiselukharka, Hume, Para, Bakachol, Badel, Bangdel, Rakha na Sumtel. Ndị Nachiring agbụrụ na-asụghị ya ọzọ bi na Dharapani, Dipsun, na obodo Dimma.

## Ntụaka
asụ ya na Ji n'aka nribụla ka na-adabere

* Grollmann, Selin. 2018. Akụkọ ubi izizi na Nachiring (Kiranti) . *Nkà mmụta asụsụ Himalayan*, Vol. 17 (1): 1–18.
Asụsụ Guangde Ochie

**Olumba Old Guangde** bụ olumba Northern Wu a na-asụ na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ mpaghara Anhui na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Guangde county, China . Ọ na-adaba ugbu a n'asụsụ Guangde Ọhụrụ, olumba Jianghuai Mandarin . Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Shanghainese na olumba Suzhou, mana ezigbo onye ikwu ya bụ olumba Huzhou . Ọ bụ olumba ugwu Wu nke ndị na-asụ Jianghuai Mandarin na Xuanzhou Wu gbara ya gburugburu.

## fonology

### Mmalite

### Agba ikpeazụ

## Ụda
asụ ya na Ji n'aka nribụla ka na-adabere
Asụsụ Kamoro

**Asụsụ Kamoro** bụ asụsụ Asmat–Kamoro a na-asụ na Western New Guinea, ọkachasị na Mimika Regency, Central Papua site na ihe ruru mmadụ 8,000. Ụdị olumba dị iche iche ama ama, na Kamoro ekwesịghịkwa ịbụ otu asụsụ. 

## Ụdị dị iche iche
'olumba' bụ ndị a. 

* Yamur (ebe ọdịda anyanwụ gburugburu Yamur Lake na Etna Bay )
* Western (Japakòparè, Kéàkwa na Umari Rivers, ndị ọkà okwu 450 na 1953)
* Tarjà (Opa River, ndị ọkà okwu 500 na 1953)
* Etiti (Osimiri Wàkia ruo Osimiri Mimika nke elu, ndị na-ekwu okwu 4,300 na 1953)
* Kàmora (Osimiri Kàmora, ndị ọkà okwu 400 na 1953)
* Wània (Osimiri Wània 1,300 ndị na-ekwu okwu na 1953)
* Mukumùga (Osimiri Mukumùga, ndị na-ekwu okwu 800 na 1953)

## Ntụaka
asụ ya na Ji n'aka nribụla ka na-adabere

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Moseley, Christopher na RE Asher, ed. *Atlas of the World's Languages* (New York: Routledge, 1994) p.&nbsp;110
Asụsụ Zangskari

**Olumba Zangskari** (Zanskari, Zaskari) bụ asụsụ Tibetic nọ n'ihe egwu . Ọ bụ olumba asụsụ Ladakhi . A na-asụkarị ya na mpaghara Zanskar nke mpaghara Kargil nke Ladakh, India yana ndị Buddha nọ na mgbago elu nke Lahaul, Himachal Pradesh, na Paddar, Jammu na Kashmir .  E ji ihe odide Tibet dee ya . 

A na-ekewa Zangskari n'ime otu anọ dị n'otu, ya bụ Oot ( *Stod* ) ma ọ bụ Upper Zanskari nke a na-asụ n'akụkụ Osimiri Doda, Zhung ( *Gžun* ) ma ọ bụ Central Zanskari a na-asụkarị na ndagwurugwu Padum, Sham ( *Gšam* ) ma ọ bụ Lower Zanskari na-asụ n'akụkụ akụkụ ala nke Zanskar River na n'ikpeazụ *Lungnak* n'akụkụ Osimiri Zang. 

## Ntụaka
asụ ya na Ji n'aka nribụla ka na-adabere

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* 
* 
*  

## Njikọ mpụga

* Profaịlụ oru ngo nke Asụsụ ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ maka Zangskari
* 
* YouTube video of Zangskari  
* Map nke asụsụ Zangskari
* Ụdị nke ''Zangskari'' echekwabara n'efu na Ethnologue (edemede 18, 2015). Edebere na Disemba 1, 2016.
Asụsụ Bangi

**Asụsụ Bangi**, ma ọ bụ ***Bobangi***, bụ ikwu okwu na isi okwu nke Lingala a na-asụ na etiti Africa . A na-asụ olumba asụsụ n'akụkụ abụọ nke osimiri Ubangi na Congo .

## fonology

### Consonants

* /ɓ/ nwekwara ike ịkpọ dị ka [b].
* Ụda /z, ⁿs/ nwere ike ịnwe allophone nke [dz, ⁿts] na mgbanwe efu. 

### Udaume

## Jiri na ahia
Ka ndị Bobangi bịara na-achị ahịa ohu n'akụkụ osimiri Congo dị elu na njedebe narị afọ nke 18, a na-eji asụsụ Bangi mee ka azụmahịa dị n'etiti agbụrụ dị iche iche na mpaghara ahụ dị mfe. Ọkammụta asụsụ John Whitehead kwuru na ndị Moye, Likuba, Bonga, Mpama, Lusakani, na Bangala (peuple) [ fr ] ndị mmadụ niile ji Bangi maka mkparịta ụka na 1890s.    N'oge azụmaahịa ụmụ amaala n'akụkụ oke osimiri, ndị Bobangi na-achị mpaghara 500km nke Congo n'etiti osimiri Kwah na equator, bụ nke ọtụtụ azụmaahịa osimiri gafere.  Agbụrụ ndị ọzọ nọ n'ógbè a bụ ndị e jikọtara n'òtù agbụrụ Bobangi, na-anakwere asụsụ Bangi, ma ọ bụ chụpụrụ ha.  Otú ọ dị, ndị Europe kwụsịrị ikike Bobangi n'ịzụ ahịa na njedebe narị afọ nke 19 mgbe ndị ọchịchị na-achị chụpụrụ ụmụ amaala obodo n'ahịa na-erite uru. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị narị afọ nke iri abụọ, ndị Bobangi dị ole na ole fọdụrụ n'ógbè ahụ ha na-achị otu narị afọ gara aga, asụsụ Bangi adịkwaghị ebe nile. 

## Isi mmalite na ntụaka

* Maapụ asụsụ
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ maka asụsụ Bantu

## Ntụaka
asụ ya na Ji n'an'ịzụ ahịa na njedebe narị afọka nribụla ka na-adabere
Asụsụ Tai Loi

**Tai Loi**, nke a makwaara dị ka **Mong Lue**, na-ezo aka n'asụsụ Palaungic dị iche iche a na-asụ na Burma, na narị ole na ole na Laos na ụfọdụ na China. Ụlọ Nzukọ (2017) na-akọ na *Tai Loi* bụ okwu mkpuchi nke pụtara 'ugwu Tai' na Shan, ma na-ezo aka na asụsụ Angkuic, Waic, na Western Palaungic karịa otu asụsụ ma ọ bụ alaka. Shan exonym *Tai Loi* nwere ike na-ezo aka:

* Alaka *Western Palaungic* : De'ang
* Alaka *Lametic* : Lamet
* Alaka *[[Asụsụ Angkuic|Angkuic]]* : Muak Sa-aak, Mok
* *[[Asụsụ Waic|Alaka Waic]]*
** Wa : Meung Yum, Savaiq, wdg.
** Osisi : Phang, Kontoi, Pang Pung, wdg.

Ọzọkwa, Ethnologue (mbipụta 21st),  na-ehota Schliesinger (2003), depụtara **Doi** dị ka ụdị Tai Loi dị na Ban Muang, Sing District, Luang Namtha Province, Laos dị ka asụsụ dị iche iche nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ikpochapụ na-asụ nke otu agbụrụ nwere mmadụ 600 na ezinụlọ 80 dị ka nke 2003. Schliesinger (2003) na-akọ na ndị agadi na-asụ Doi nwere ike ịghọta asụsụ Samtao .  Enwere nnukwu mgbanwe n'etiti olumba.  Ụdị dị iche iche nke Muak Sa-aak nke Tai Loi na-ekerịta 42% myirịta lexical na U nke China; 40% na Pang Pung Plang; na 25% nwere ọkọlọtọ Wa . 

## Ntụaka
n'ịzụ ahịa na njedebe narị afọ iche iche nke fọrọ nke nta

* Ụlọ Nzukọ, Elizabeth. 2017. Na njikọ asụsụ nke 'Tai Loi' . JSEALS vol. 10.2:xix-xxii.
Wanham

**Wanyam** ma ọ bụ **Wanham** (Wañam, Huanyam) bụ asụsụ Chapacuran nke Rondônia, n'etiti osimiri São Miguel na Cautário . Abitana bụ olumba. Ezinụlọ ole na ole kwuru ya n'afọ ndị 1970 mana ọ dị ugbu a.

## Olumba
Olumba nke Wanyam: 

* Cabishi (nke na-adịghị mma)
* Kujuna
* Cumaná (Cutianá)
* Matama (Matawa)
* Urunamacan
* Pawumwa (Abitana Wanyam)

Lévi-Strauss atụpụtawokwa ngwaahịa asụsụ *Huanyam* nke nwere Mataua Cujuna (Cuijana), Urunamakan, Cabishi, Cumaná, Abitana-Huanyam (sitere na data Snethlage), na Pawumwa (nke sitere na data Haseman ). 

## Ntụaka
iche iche nke fọrọ nke nta
Asụsụ ndị dị na Central Pacific

Asụsụ Central Pacific, nke a dị ka Asụsụ Fiji-Polynesia, bụ alaka nke Oceanic a na-asụ na Fiji na Polynesia..

## Nchịkọta
Ross et al.  (2002) kewara nkwekọrịta dị ka njikọ.
 
.

## Ihe odide
Asụsụ Chuukic

Chuukic (/ ˈtʃuːkɪk/), nke a arọ n'ibu ihe mere eme dị ka Trukic[1] (// ˈtruːkɪk//), bụ obere m nke ihe Chuukic-Pohnpeic nke Ezin ahịa Austronesian.[2]  A na-asụrụ ndị nke ndị ahụ na Chuuk State na Yap State nke Federated States of Micronesia, yana n'akpaetiti ndị dị mkpa nke Palau.  Ndị Carolinians nke Commonwealth nke Northern Mariana Islands na-asựkwa ahia nke ha dị iche na ndị obodo Chamorro.

## Asụsụ

* Sonsorol na Tobian (dị nso nke ukwuu ka a na-elekarị ha anya dị ka olumba) 
* Chuukese
* Woleaian na Ulithian
* Puluwatese, Namonuito, na Tanapag
* Carolinian
* Satawalese na Mortlockese (nke nwere njikọ chiri anya) 
* Pááfang
* Mapia (ọ dịghịzi) 

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

## Ihe odide
Asụsụ Ramarama

**Asụsụ Ramarama** nke Rondônia, Brazil na-etolite alaka ezinụlọ asụsụ Tupian . Ha bụ Karo, ma ọ bụ Ramarama, nwere ndị na-ekwu okwu 150, yana Urumi na-ekpochapụ.

## Ụdị dị iche iche
N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta nke asụsụ Itogapúc (Ramarama) dị iche iche nke Loukotka (1968) depụtara, gụnyere aha ụdị na-akwadoghị. 

* **Itogapúc** / **Ntogapyd** - a na-ekwubu n'Osimiri Machadinho, Mato Grosso, ugbu a ikekwe ọ ga-apụ n'anya.
* **Ramarama** / **Ytangá** - nke a na-ekwu na isi iyi nke Osimiri Machadinho, Osimiri Branco, na Osimiri Preto, Mato Grosso.
* **Urumí** - nke a na-ekwu na Osimiri Taruma na Mato Grosso.
* **Urkú** - a na-asụ na Osimiri Lourdes .
* **Aarara** - a na-asụ n'ọnụ mmiri Preto na Ji-Paraná River, na osimiri Madeira .

## Ntụaka
Jacques and Michaud (2011) dekọtara. [1] Ọ nwere ọkwa
Asụsụ Nanlang

**Olumba Nanlang** bụ ụdị dị iche iche nke Eastern Min Chinese nke a na-asụkarị na Nanlang obodo dị na Zhongshan dị na Pearl River Delta nke Guangdong, China.  N'agbanyeghị na ọ dị nso, Nanlang enweghị njikọ chiri anya na olumba ndị gbara ya gburugburu na mpaghara ahụ, nke bụ ndị otu Yue . Dị ka nke a, Nanlang na-etolite "agwaetiti olumba" nke ndị na-asụ Min. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ogige atọ nke Min na Zhongshan, ndị ọzọ bụ Longdu na Sanxiang . 

## Ihe ndetu

## Ntụaka
Jacques and Michaud (2011) dekọtara. [1] Ọ nwere ọkwa
Nangna Nokpa Yengningi

***Nangna Nokpa Yengningi*** (Bekee: *Want to see You Smile* ) bụ ihe nkiri Manipuri nke afọ 2015 nke Ajit Ningthouja duziri, nke Herojit Naoroibam dere ma bụrụ nke Th. (O) Bedamani Devi, nke Poknapham gosipụtara. Ọ na-eme ihe nkiri Bonium Thokchom na Soma Laishram  na ọrụ ndị isi. E wepụtara ihe nkiri a na 6 Novemba 2015 na Bhagyachandra Open Air Theatre (BOAT). 

## Nkedo

* Bonium Thokchom dị ka Amujao
* Soma Laishram dị ka Memi
* Sagolsem Dhanamanjuri
* Ratan Lai dị ka Pheijao
* Hamọm Sadananda dịka nwanne Memi
* Denny Likmabam dị ka Ibohal
* Merina Laishangbam dịka ọgọ nwanyị Memi
* Laimayum Gaitri dị ka Matouleibi
* Heisnam Ongbi Indu dika Nne Amujao
* Hamọm Purnanda
* Suresh Melei

## Mmepụta
Agbapụ ihe nkiri ahụ mechara n'ime ụbọchị iri. Ihe nkiri a bụ mmepụta mbụ nke Foto ihuenyo Real. Emere emume ngọzi ( *yaipha thyni thyram* ) na Eprel 17, 2015. 

## Ekele
Ihe nkiri ahụ nwetara ihe nrite atọ na 5th SSS MANIFA 2016 nke Sahitya Seva Samiti, Kakching na Film Forum Manipur mere. 

## Ụda ụda
Amarjit Lourembam dere egwu maka ihe nkiri ahụ na Herojit Naoroibam dere egwu a. The songs are titled *Nangna Nokpa Yengningi* and *Nangbu Nungshirure* .
 

## Ntụaka
Jacques and Michaud (2011) dekọtara. [1] Ọ nwere ọkwa
Asụsụ Ngawun

**Ngawun** bụ asụsụ Mayi ekpochapụla agwụ na Cape York Peninsula nke Queensland, Australia, nke ndị Wunumara na ndị Ngawun . Ọkà okwu ikpeazụ nke asụsụ ahụ bụ Cherry O'Keefe (ma ọ bụ *Tjapun* n'asụsụ ahụ) onye nwụrụ n'ihi oyi baa na 24 Ọgọst 1977. 

A maghị usoro ọmụmụ nke aha *Ngawun* .

*Wanamarra* (a makwaara dị ka *Maykulan* na *Wunumura)* ka a na-asụ na North West Queensland . Mpaghara asụsụ gụnyere mpaghara dị na Shire nke McKinlay, Shire nke Cloncurry na Shire nke Richmond, gụnyere mpaghara Flinders River, na obodo Kynuna na Richmond . 

## fonology

### Consonants

* /t̪/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka fricatives [θ] na intervocalic ọnọdụ, na dị ka [ð] mgbe n'etiti imi na ụdaume.
* Enwere ike ịnụ /ɾ/ dị ka trill [r] mgbe ọ nọ n'ọnọdụ ikpeazụ.
* Enwere ike ịnụ /ɭ/ dị ka alveolo-palatal [l̠ʲ] mgbe tupu /t̠ʲ/.

### Udaume

* Enwere ike ịnụ /i/ dị ka [ɪ] mgbe tupu /j/ ma ọ bụ ụda alveolo-palatal ọ bụla ọzọ.
* /u/ nwekwara ike ịnụ dị ka [ʊ], na dị ka [o] mgbe nọ n'ọnọdụ ikpeazụ. 

## Ntụaka
ikpeazụ nke asụsụ ahụ bụ Cherry O'Keefe (ma ọ bụ
Asụsụ Naapa

**Naapa** (Naaba), ma ọ bụ **Nawa Sherpa**, bụ asụsụ Tibetic nke Nepal (na otu obodo dị na China) nwere njikọ chiri anya na Dzongkha nke Bhutan. Ndị na-ekwu okwu bi n'etiti ndị na-asụ Lhomi .

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ obodo
Asụsụ Ngawn

**Ngawn** ma ọ bụ **Ngawn Chin** (a na-akpọ aha obodo ŋɔ̂n)  bụ asụsụ Chin a na-asụ na mpaghara Falam, Chin State, na Kale District, Sagaing Region, Burma . Enwere obodo 27 Ngawn na obodo Falam, Chin State.

Ụfọdụ ndị Ngawn bikwa na Tonzang Township, Chin State na Kalay, Kabaw, Sagaing Region.

## Ihe atụ

Obodo ndị ahụ dị na (mpaghara Hualngo na mpaghara Zanniat), Obodo Falam, Chin Steeti. Ọ bụkwa ndị Ngawn hiwere obodo ndị ahụ. Obodo Zawlpi bụ nke ọhụrụ ha tọrọ ntọala na 2016 n'ihu ọha.

**Ndị Ngawn nwere ọgbakọ ụfọdụ**

## Ntụaka
ikpeazụ nke asụsụ ahụ bụ Cherry O'Keefe (ma ọ bụ
Asụsụ Na

**Na** (ma ọ bụ **Narua**, **Mosuo** ) bụ asụsụ nke ngalaba Naish nke otu Naic nke asụsụ Sino-Tibet .

## Ụdị dị iche iche
**Yongning Na**, nke a na-asụ na Yongning Township, Ninglang County, Lijiang, Yunnan, China, bụ Jacques and Michaud (2011) dekọtara.  Ọ nwere ọkwa atọ tonal.  Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu atọ dị n'ịntanetị. 

**Lataddi Narua** bụ onye ama ama maka inwe naanị ụda ụda abụọ. 

## fonology

* /t, tʰ, d, n, l/ ka a na-anụ ka [ʈ, ʈʰ, ɖ, ɳ, ɭ] mgbe a na-ebu ụzọ na-ada ụda ụda /ɯ, u, v̩, ɤ, æ/.
* /p, pʰ, b, m, w/ nwere ike ịnụ ka [ʙ̥, ʙ̥ʰ, ʙ, ɱ, v] mgbe a na-ebute udaume na-ada /ɯ, u, v̩/.
* /ɣ/ nwekwara ike ịnụ dị ka uvular [ʁ] n'ọnọdụ mmalite okwu.
* /w, h/ ka a na-anụkwa ka enweghị olu [w̥, x] na mgbanwe n'efu.
* A na-anụ /n/ ka velar [ŋ] mgbe tupu velar akwụsị.
* A na-anụ [ʔ] n'ọnọdụ mbụ n'ihu ụdaume. 

### Udaume

* /ɯ/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka [ɨ] na syllable-n'ọnọdụ mbụ na dị ka retroflex [ɻ̩] mgbe e mesịrị retroflex consonants. 

## Ntụaka
Jacques and Michaud (2011) dekọtara. [1] Ọ nwere ọkwa
Asụsụ Ntenyi

**Ntenyi**, ma ọ bụ **Northern Rengma**, bụ ụyọkọ asụsụ Angami–Pochuri a na-asụ na Nagaland, India . A na-asụ ya na ugwu Rengma, Kohima district, Nagaland .

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ obodo
Asụsụ Yagwoia

**Yagwoia** (Yeghuye), ma ọ bụ *Kokwaiyakwa*, bụ asụsụ Angan nke Papua New Guinea . A na-akpọ olumba n'aha agbụrụ ise, *Iwalaqamalje, Hiqwaye, Hiqwase, Gwase, Heqwangilye* (olumba *Yeqwangilje* ).

## Nkesa
A na-asụ Yagwoia na: 

* Eastern Highlands Province : Iqwalaqamalje
* Mpaghara Gulf : Gwase
* Mpaghara Morobe : Hiqwase, Hiqwaye, na Yeqwangilje

## fonology

* /ptk/ na-enwekarị ụda olu [bdg] na ụyọkọ nwere imi ma ọ bụ /l/.
* /mn ŋ l/ nwere ike ịbụ syllabic.
* /s/ dị na ngbanwe efu na [z]. Ndị ọkà okwu ochie na-akpọkarị ya [ts~dz].
* A na-anụkarị /t/ dị ka [r].

* /ɨ/ dị ụkọ.

Na mgbakwunye, a hụla diphthong ndị a: /ei/, /ai/, /ae/, /au/, /ou/.

Yagwoia bụ ụda, na-amata ụda dị elu na nke dị ala. Agbanyeghị, ụda nwere obere ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ, yabụ ka edeghị ya ede. 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Paradisec nwere mkpokọta ihe ndekọ Yagwoia mepere emepe. Ha nwekwara nchịkọta ndekọ Jadran Mimica nke nwere ụfọdụ Yagwoia .

## Ntụaka
Jacques and Michaud (2011) dekọtara. [1] Ọ nwere ọkwa
Asụsụ Matsiguenga

**Machiguenga** (Matsigenka) bụ isi asụsụ Arawakan na ngalaba ngalaba ezinụlọ nke Campa . A na-asụ ya na Osimiri Urubamba na n'akụkụ Osimiri Manu dị na ngalaba Cusco na Madre de Dios nke Peru site n'ihe dịka mmadụ 6,200. Dị ka Ethnologue si kwuo, ọ na-enwe nrụgide sitere na Spanish na Quechua na mpaghara Urubamba, mana ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ahụike na mpaghara Manu (ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ bụ otu asụsụ na Matsigenka). Ọ dị nso na Nomatsiguenga na a na-ewere ha abụọ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka olumba nke otu asụsụ; Ndị Machiguenga na-asụ ha abụọ . Nanti nwere nghọta n'otu akụkụ mana agbụrụ dị iche.

Enwere mmụgharị morphological dị ukwuu na Matsigenka; a na-ewere ya dị ka polysynthetic ma na-egosipụta morphology agglutinative, ebe a na-eji ma suffixes na prefixes akara dị iche iche ụdị mgbanwe .

## fonology

### Consonants

* Ụda  a na-anụ ka a na-ekwu  mgbe consonants imi. Enwere ike ịnụ ha dị ka prenasalized  n'ọnọdụ mmalite okwu.
*  enwere ike ịnụ dị ka ụda dị nso  intervocalally n'etiti  . A pụkwara ịnụ ya dị ka ụda olu [b] mgbe imi imi, na dị ka prenasal  n'ọnọdụ mmalite okwu.
* Ụda  enwere ike ịnụ ka ụda dị nso  intervocalally na syllable-mbụ ọnọdụ, na  dị ka [ j ] na mgbanwe n'efu na ọnọdụ mmalite okwu. A na-anụkwa ha dị ka  mgbe ụda imi.  enwere ike ịnụ dị ka prenasal  n'ọnọdụ mmalite okwu.
*  enwere ike ịnụ ka [ ŋ ] tupu ụda velar. 

### Udaume

*  can be heard as semivowels  when preceding vowels.

## Ihe atụ ederede

## Ntụaka
ikpeazụ nke asụsụ ahụ bụ Cherry O'Keefe (ma ọ bụ
Eastern Bolivian Guaraní

**Eastern Bolivian Guaraní**, nke a maara na mpaghara dị ka **Chawuncu** ma ọ bụ **Chiriguano** (pejorative), bụ asụsụ Guaraní nke a na-asụ na South America . Na Bolivia 33,670 ndị ọkà okwu, ndị a na-akpọ Ava Guaraní n'afọ 2000, n'ebe ndịda etiti Parapeti River na n'obodo Tarija .  Na Argentina, e nwere ihe dị ka 15,000 ọkà okwu, ukwuu n'ime na Jujuy, kamakwa na Salta Province, na 304 gụrụ na Paraguay Chaco . 

Na Argentina, a maara ya dị ka **Western Argentine Guaraní**, ebe a na-akpọ ya na Paraguay **Ñandev** . Agbanyeghị, na mpụga Paraguay na kpọmkwem na Brazil, **Nhandeva** na-ezo aka na Chiripá Guaraní .

Eastern Bolivian Guaraní bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ " olumba Guaraní " mgbe ụfọdụ a na-ewere asụsụ dị iche iche. N'ime ndị a, Paraguay Guaraní bụ ụdị kachasị mkpa ma a na-akpọkarị ya Guaraní.

## Ntụaka
ikpeazụ nke asụsụ ahụ bụ Cherry O'Keefe (ma ọ bụ


## Njikọ mpụga

* Nchịkọta Asụsụ Argentinian nke Salvador Bucca na Archive of the Indigenous Languages of Latin America, gụnyere ndekọ ọdịyo nke akụkọ 3 kwuru na otu ndepụta okwu na Eastern Bolivian Guaraní.
Asụsụ Tetela

**Tetela** (Otetela, Kitetela, Kikitatela), nakwa *Sungu*, bụ asụsụ Bantu nke ugwu Kasai-Oriental Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo . Ndị Tetela na-asụ ya .

## fonology

### Consonants

* A na-anụ [ɡ] dị ka allophone nke /k/ na ọnọdụ intervocalic. 

### Udaume

## Klas aha
Dị ka asụsụ Bantu ndị ọzọ, ụtọ asụsụ Tetela na-ahazi aha n'ime ọtụtụ klaasị . Usoro nna ochie nwere klas 22 (na-agụta otu na ọtụtụ dị iche iche dị ka usoro Meinhof si dị), ọtụtụ asụsụ Bantu na-ekerịta opekata mpe iri n'ime ha.

## Ntụaka
ikpeazụ nke asụsụ ahụ bụ Cherry O'Keefe (ma ọ bụ

## Akwụkwọ ndị dị mkpa

* Elysee Meta Okubo. 2016. *NKWUKWU nke Ilu 100 TETela.* Weebụsaịtị Ilu
* Mukanga, Ndjeka Elizabeth, Empenge Albert Shefu, Ambaye Albertine Tshefu. 2020. *Nnukwu mkpokọta Ilu Tetela na Amamihe Africa* . Pittsburgh: Ndị nkwusa Dorrance. [ilu 283, peeji 107]
Asụsụ Ogbi nke Carhuahuaran

Asụsụ ogbi nke Carhuahuaran bụ asụsụ ogbi ezinụlọ nwere ọtụtụ ọgbọ nke mpaghara Peru na-asụ na Quechua. 

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ Aruáshi

**Aruáshi**, ma ọ bụ **Aruá**, bụ asụsụ Tupian nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara ikpochapụ nke steeti Rondônia na Mato Grosso, na mpaghara Amazon nke Brazil . Enwere Aruá 131 na 2012 na ihe dị ka mmadụ 20 na-asụ Aruá dị ka asụsụ nne.

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ obodo nke
Asụsụ Nyawaygi

**Asụsụ Nyawaygi**, nke a kpọkwara **Nywaigi**, **Geugagi**, **Njawigi**, **Nyawigi** ma ọ bụ **Nawagi**, bụ asụsụ Aboriginal Australia na-ekpochapụ nke ndị Nyawaygi na North Queensland na-asụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri ọwụwa anyanwụ Australia . Mpaghara asụsụ Nyawaygi gụnyere odida obodo n'ime Hinchinbrook Regional Council, Halifax Bay, na Rollingstone .  

Nyawaygi nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ consonants kacha nta, 12, nke asụsụ Ọstrelia ọ bụla. Ọ nwere 7 conjugations, 3 mepere emepe na 4 mechiri emechi, nke ikpeazụ gụnyere mgbọrọgwụ monosyllabic, na, na nke a, chekwaa akụkụ nke proto-Pama–Nyungan nke furu efu site na asụsụ ndị  asọ. 

## fonology

### Consonants

* N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ Australia, [ d ] na-apụta dị ka allophone nke /r/ mgbe ọ gachara. A na-anụ /r/ ka [ r ] na gburugburu ndị ọzọ niile.
* Enwere ike ịnụ ụda palatal /ɟ, ɲ/ mgbe ụfọdụ ka ụda eze [ d̪, n̪ ] .
* /r/ nwekwara ike ịnụ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka mgbata [ ɾ ] .
* Enwere ike ịnụ /ɻ/ dị ka flap [ ɽ ] n'ọnọdụ ikpeazụ. 

### Udaume

## Okwu okwu
Ụfọdụ okwu sitere na asụsụ Nyawaygi, dịka ndị odee Nyawaygi si asụpe ma dee ya gụnyere: 

*  'head'
*  'boomerang'
*  'stone'
*  'butterfly'
*  'aunt'
*  'good day'
*  'laugh'
*  'one'

## Ihe ndetu
ntinye aka nke ndị ozi ala ọzọ nke Ndị Kraịst, ọ bụ ezie na a na-akọkarị ọtụtụ n'ime Pa'O bụ

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ndekọ Asụsụ Nywaigi, Ọbá akwụkwọ steeti nke Queensland
Asụsụ Pochuri

**Pochuri**, ma ọ bụ **Pochuri Naga**, bụ asụsụ Naga a na-asụ na Nagaland, India .

Dị ka *Ethnologue* si kwuo, a na-asụ Pochuri n'ime obodo 27 nke mpaghara Meluri, mpaghara Phek, ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Nagaland . Enwekwara ụfọdụ ndị na-ekwu okwu na mpaghara Ukhrul, Manipur ( *Ethnologue* ).

Maluri (Meluri), nke a na-ewerekarị dị ka olumba Pochuri, nwere ike ịbụ asụsụ dị iche. 

## Ntụaka
anyanwụ Nagaland . Enwekwara
Asụsụ Ogbi nke Brunca

**Asụsụ Ogbi nke Brunca** bụ asụsụ ogbi obodo nke obodo Brunca nke dị na ndịda Costa Rica. O nweghị ihe jikọrọ ya na Asụsụ ogbi nke Costa Rica. 

## Ntụaka

# Asụsụ ogbi Brunca na Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022).
Asụsụ ndị Karen

**Asụsụ Pwo Karen** bụ otu n'ime isi otu asụsụ Karen, n'akụkụ asụsụ S'gaw Karen na Pa'O . Asụsụ Pwo Karen nwere olumba anọ dị iche iche, nke kacha mma na-enweghị ike ịghọta ibe ha:

* Eastern Pwo (koodu: kjp)
* Western Pwo (koodu: pwo)
* Northern Pwo (koodu: pww)
* Phrae Pwo (koodu: kjt)

A na-akpọ ndị na-asụ asụsụ ahụ ọtụtụ aha, ọkachasị “Pwo Karen” ma ọ bụ naanị “Karen”. Ndị mmadụ na-akpọ onwe ha Ploan Sho. Ndị Pwo Karen ebiwo n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Burma ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ugwu nke Thailand ma ọ dịkarịa ala narị afọ asaa ma ọ bụ asatọ. Ndị bi na “Pwo karen” dị 1,525,300 na Myanmar.

## Ntụaka
anyanwụ Nagaland . Enwekwara Burma ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ

* Dawkins, Erin na Audra Phillips. 2009. ''Nnyocha mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke Pwo Karen na Northern Thailand'' '. Chiang Mai: Mahadum Payap.
* Phillips, Audra. 2009. ''Myirịta akwụkwọ ọgụgụ dị na Pwo Karen'' . N'ime akwụkwọ PYU Working na Linguistics 5, Audra Phillips (ed.). Chiang Mai, Thailand: Ngalaba mmụta asụsụ mahadum Payap.
* Kato, Atsuhiko. 2009. ''Okwu bụ isi nke Htoklibang Pwo Karen nwere ụdị Hpa-an, Kyonbyaw na Proto-Pwo Karen'' . Asụsụ Asia na Africa na asụsụ 4:169-218.
Asụsụ Qingtian

**Olumba Qingtian** ( simplified Chinese      ) bụ olumba nke asụsụ China . A na-asụ ya na mpaghara Qingtian nke mpaghara Lishui na Zhejiang, China . Olumba Qingtian bụ otu n'ime olumba Chuqu nke Wu Chinese a na-asụ na mpaghara Quzhou na Lishui nke Zhejiang . 

## Ntụaka
anyanwụ Nagaland . Enwekwara

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ọmụmụ ihe na ụda olumba Qingtian
Asụsụ Zuojiang Zhuang

**Zuojiang Zhuang** ( Chinese    ) bụ olumba-bund n'asụsụ Zhuang a na-asụ n'akụkụ osimiri Zuo, gụnyere mpaghara Tiandeng , Daxin, Chongzuo, Ningming, Longzhou, na Pingxiang dị na Guangxi,  ụfọdụ obodo nta dị na Funing na Yunnan na asụsụ Vietnam na Vietnam . A makwaara dị ka **Tho** (aha a na-ekekọrịta Tày na Cuoi nke Vietnam).

## Nhazi
N'afọ ndị 1950 dịka akụkụ nke nhazi asụsụ Zhuang, Zuojiang Zhuang ka a ghọtara dị ka olumba, ma ọ bụ asụsụ, na Guangxi, China. Na 2007, ISO 639-3 tinyekwara ndị na-ekwu okwu Vietnam ka osimiri Zuojiang na-abanye ebe ahụ. Nhazi nke Phittiyaporn (2009) na-egosi na Zuojiang abụghị otu alaka ụlọ ọrụ, kama akụkụ nke ngalaba abụọ nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Tai (clades B, F, na H). Hụ asụsụ Tai maka nkọwa.

## Ntụaka
Burma ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ
Asụsụ Cinta Larga

**Cinta Larga** bụ ụyọkọ olumba Tupian nke Brazil, asụsụ kachasị na alaka Monde .

Dị ka Moore (2005) si kwuo, **Arara do Rio Guariba** ( *Guariba River Arara* ), nke a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu nke Aripuanã Indigenous Park, nwere njikọ chiri anya na ụyọkọ olumba Cinta Larga, ma na-ekerịtakwa ụfọdụ atụmatụ na Suruí .  Hargreaves chịkọtara okwu 26 na 2001.  Ọ na-anọgide na-enweghị nkewa n'ihi enweghị data.

## fonology

### Udaume

### Consonants

## Ntụaka
ntinye aka nke ndị ozi ala ọzọ nke Ndị Kraịst, ọ bụ ezie na a na-akọ
Asụsụ Pa'O

**Asụsụ Pa'O** (a kpọkwara **Pa-O** ma ọ bụ **Pa-oh** ; Pa'o Karen  ,  ); Burmese   ), mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ **Taungthu**, bụ asụsụ Karen nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị Pa’O 900,000 na Mianmaa na-asụ. 

A na-edekarị asụsụ ahụ site na iji mkpụrụedemede script Burmese nke ndị ozi ala ọzọ nke Ndị Kraịst chepụtara,   na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị dị ugbu a maka ya na ịntanetị sitere na ntinye aka nke ndị ozi ala ọzọ nke Ndị Kraịst, ọ bụ ezie na a na-akọkarị ọtụtụ n'ime Pa'O bụ ndị Buddha (na-enweghị ezigbo ọnụ ọgụgụ, wdg). &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

A na-akpọkwa asụsụ ahụ site na exonyms "Black Karen" na "White Karen", nke abụọ a bụ okwu eji dị iche na " Red Karen " (Karenni), nakwa nke Myanmar.

Olumba gụnyere Taunggyi na Thaton . 

## fonology
Ihe ndị a na-egosipụta njirimara ụda olu nke asụsụ Pa'O (Taungthu): 

### Consonants

* /p, t, k, ʔ/ na /m, n, ŋ/ nwere ike ime dị ka mgbanaka ikpeazụ. Enwere ike ịnụ nkwụsị dị ka ewepụtaghị [p̚, t̚, k̚].

### Udaume

## Ntụaka
ntinye aka nke ndị ozi ala ọzọ nke Ndị Kraịst, ọ bụ ezie na a na-akọkarị ọtụtụ n'ime Pa'O bụ
Asụsụ Sampang

## Nkesa ala
A na-ekwu Sampang na ebe ndị a na Nepal ( *Ethnologue* ).

* Mpaghara Khotang, Mpaghara Koshi (olumba Khhotang): Kpatụ obodo osimiri Khola, Baspani, Khartamcha, Phedi, na Patheka
* Mpaghara Bhojpur, Koshi Province : na Okharbote gburugburu isi iyi osimiri Lahure Khola
* Mpaghara Syam Khola: Kimalung, Nigale, Talakharka, na Surke
* Dingla Bazaar: ụfọdụ ndị agadi na-asụ asụsụ na-eji olumba Phali na Bhojpur District, Koshi Province.

## Asụsụ Sampang ọzọ

## Alaka dị iche iche nke ndị Sampang

# Chetapi Namrewa Sampang
# Tomiha Sampang
# Rana Sampang
# Samaru Sampang
# Bhalu Sampang
# Wakchalee Sampang
# Onye nrụpụta Sampang
# Rangkham Sampang
# Rodu Sampang
# Herang Sampang
# Maremlung Sampang
# Damrewa Sampang
# Bali Sampang
# Samring Sampang

## Ntụaka
nnọọ iche na ọ bụghị onye Rongdani ma ọ bụ Maitori na-ekwu okwu"
Asụsụ Qiyang

**Olumba Qiyang** ( Chinese    ) bụ olumba nke Xiang Chinese a na-asụ na Qiyang, mpaghara Hunan .

## Ụda
Olumba Qiyang bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ihi na a na-akọ na ọ nwere ụda abụọ "okpukpu abụọ", elu na obere ọdịda - ịrị elu - ọdịda, ma ọ bụ ikekwe ọdịda dị elu - obere ọdịda na obere ọdịda - nnukwu ọdịda: ụda na-abanye *yin qu* (阴去)  (4232) na *yang qu* (阳去)  (2142). Otú ọ dị, n'ụzọ ụda ụda ụda nke syllable na-adabere n'olu nke consonant mbụ, ya mere ndị a bụ ụda ụda olu. Ọzọkwa, ọdịda ikpeazụ nke ụda *yin qu* bụ "adịghị mkpa n'echiche", ya mere ọ nwere ike ịbụ na 'itinye' (maka *yin qu* ) na 'peaking' (maka *yang qu* ) bụ nhazi zuru oke.

## Ntụaka
Burma ruo ọtụtụ narị afọ, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ

* Wei Hu, 2011. " Mmepụta na nghọta nke ụda contour ugboro abụọ na Qiyang Chinese ". Ewepụtara ya na 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences.
Asụsụ Sanxiang

**Sanxiang** (na Cantonese *Samheung*, n'asụsụ n'onwe ya *Sahiu* ) bụ Min dịgasị iche iche nke Southern Min    ndị China na-asụkarị na Sanxiang na Zhongshan na Pearl River Delta nke Guangdong, China.  N'agbanyeghị na ọ dị nso, Sanxiang enweghị njikọ chiri anya na olumba ndị gbara ya gburugburu na mpaghara ahụ, nke bụ nke otu Yue, wee si otú a mepụta "agwaetiti olumba" nke ndị ** &#x5D; &#x5B; Min. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ogige atọ nke Min na Zhongshan, ndị ọzọ bụ Longdu na Nanlang .  

## Ihe ndetu

## Ntụaka
nnọọ iche na ọ bụghị onye Rongdani ma ọ bụ Maitori
Asụsụ Quzhou

**Olumba Quzhou** (衢州話; akpọpụtara [ ụda efu ] na olumba Quzhou) bụ olumba nke Wu Chinese a na-asụ na Quzhou, China.

## fonology

### Mmalite

### Agba ikpeazụ

### Ụda
A na-eche na olumba Quzhou nwere ụda asaa. Agbanyeghị, ebe ụda ahụ kewara na Middle Chinese, mkpụrụedemede ka na-adabere na olu nke consonant mbụ. Ndị a bụ naanị ụda ụda olu atọ: ,  na  (Mkpụrụokwu *Ru* na-enweghị ụda ụda olu.)

## Ụtọ asụsụ

### Nhazi ahịrịokwu
 
Enwere ike iji ihe atụ nke mbụ tụnyere Japanese: あなたは私の友達だよ. (anata wa watashi no tomodachi dayo.) N'ebe a, 啘 yiri Japanese だよ (dayo).
   

## Lexicon

### Nkpọaha

* 我 Onye 1st otu
* 你 Onye 2nd otu
* 渠[  Onye nke atọ otu
* 我達, 我拉 (我耷) 1st onye otutu
* 你達, 你拉, 爾耷-  2nd onye plural
* 渠達, 渠拉 (渠耷) Onye nke atọ ọtụtụ

## Ntụaka
nnọọ iche na ọ bụghị onye Rongdani ma ọ bụ Maitori na-ekwu okwu" (peeji ix). Joseph dekwara
Asụsụ Sartang

**Sartang** bụ obere asụsụ India. Ọ bụ otu n'ime asụsụ Kho-Bwa,  kacha nso Sherdukpen (50-60% myirịta lexical).  Ụdị dị iche iche gụnyere Sartang nke Jergaon na Sartang nke Rahung (Blench 2015). 

## Nkesa
Sartang (Boot Monpa) ka a na-asụ n'obodo nta nke Khoitam, Rahung, Namku-thangka (Salari), na Boot (Jerigaon) Khoina, West Kameng District (Dondrup 2004:1).  Ndị Sartang dị 2,986 dị ka nke 1996.

*Ethnologue* depụtara Jerigaon, Sellary, Khoitam, Rahung, Darbu na Khoina obodo dị na Nafra na Dirang okirikiri, West Kameng district .

## Ụdị dị iche iche
Dị ka Roger Blench (2015) si kwuo,  Sartang bụ okwu mkpuchi na-ezo aka n'asụsụ dị iche iche a na-asụ na obodo iri na otu ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Dirang na Nafra na Dirang Circles na West Kameng District . Enwere mkpokọta 4 dị iche iche, naanị Sartang nke Rahung na Sartang nke Jergaon ka edekọtara.

* **Rahung** : A na-ekwu na obodo Rahung na obodo ndị dị nso. Ihe ruru 600 ọkà okwu.
* **Khoitam** : A na-asụ n'ime obodo abụọ na obodo dị nso. Ihe ruru 500 ọkà okwu.
* **Jerigaon** : a na-asụ n'ime obodo Jerigaon. Ihe dị ka 400 ọkà okwu.
* **Khoina** : A na-asụ n'obodo Khoina na obodo ndị dị nso. Ihe ruru 500 ọkà okwu.

## Ntụaka
South Eastern dịgasị iche iche, caipira . Ebe akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ya sitere na ụfọdụ
Asụsụ Purubora

**Asụsụ Puruborá** nke Brazil bụ otu n'ime asụsụ Tupian . A makwaara ya dị ka: Aurã, Cujubim, Burubora, Kuyubi, Migueleno, Miguelenho ma ọ bụ Pumbora. A na-ekwu ya kpọmkwem na steeti Rondônia nke Brazil, na Costa Marques na n'akụkụ isi mmiri nke Rio São Miguel tributary nke ụlọ akụ aka nri nke Guaporé . Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ laa n'iyi, na naanị ndị na-asụ obodo abụọ (na abụọ n'ime agbụrụ) kọrọ na 2002. 

## Okwu okwu
Loukotka (1968) depụtara ihe ndị a bụ isi okwu. 

## Ntụaka
South Eastern dịgasị iche iche, caipira . Ebe akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ya sitere na ụfọdụ

## Njikọ mpụga

* Map na Forvo.com
* Ebe nchekwa ELAR nke akwụkwọ nke asụsụ Tupian emebiela ngwa ngwa (gụnyere Puruborá)
Xuanzhou Wu Chinese

**Xuanzhou Wu** ( Chinese    ) bụ asụsụ China nke ọdịda anyanwụ Wu, a na-asụ na na gburugburu Xuancheng, mpaghara Anhui . Asụsụ a agbadala kemgbe nnupụisi Taiping, ebe ọtụtụ ndị mbịara na-asụ Mandarin si n'ebe ugwu nke Osimiri Yangtze .

## Olumba
Olumba Xuancheng bụ nnọchite anya.

* Xuancheng
* Tong-Jing
** Olumba **Tong** ling
** Olumba **Jing** County
** Olumba fanchang
** wdg.
* Shi-Ling
** **Shi** tai olumba
** **Ling** yang () olumba
** wdg.
* Tai-Gao
** **Olumba Tai** ping
** Olumba **Gao** chun
** wdg.

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ obodo nke ngwaa
Asụsụ Yamphu

**Asụsụ Yamphu** bụ asụsụ Kirati nke ndị Kirat Yamphu, ndị Kirati nke Himalaya nke Nepal na-asụ. Tomyang (Chongka) bụ olumba achọpụtara nso nso a nke naanị mmadụ iri abụọ na-asụ. Ma ya na Yamphe dị iche. A na-ahụtakwa Southern Yamphu dị ka asụsụ Southern Kirat Lorung . Ụdị ndị a niile nwere njikọ chiri anya.

## Nkesa ala
A na-asụ Yamphu n'ebe ndị a na Nepal: 

* Mpaghara Sankhuwasabha, Mpaghara Kosi : Hedangna, Num, Seduwa, Peppuwa, Mangsimma, Karmarang, Tungkhaling, Uwa, Ala, Uling na Walung obodo.
* Matsya Pokhari VDC, nke dị na ndagwurugwu Osimiri Arun dị n'elu ugwu ugwu; oke ugwu Lorung, kpọmkwem na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke ugwu Jaljale
* Bhojpur District, Kosi Mpaghara
* Ilam district, Fikkal, Kolbung, Panchakanya, Jitpur, Danabari, Mahamai (VDCs).
* Jhapa district, Morang na Sunsari
* Darijiling, Sikkim, Silong, Meghalaya, Misoram, Barma, Bhutan na Thailand (e dekọrọ na eze)
* Agbanyeghị, Yamphu na-agbasasị n'ụwa niile gụnyere USA, Europe, South America, Africa na kọntinent ndị ọzọ nke ụwa.

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ obodo nke ngwaa

## Isi mmalite

* Rutgers, Roland (1998). *Yamphu: Grammar, Ederede na Lexicon* . Leiden: Ụlọ akwụkwọ nyocha CNWS. -
Asụsụ Rabha

**Rabha** bụ asụsụ Sino-Tibet nke Northeast India . Olumba abụọ a, Maitori na Rongdani, dị iche iche iji kpata nsogbu na nzikọrịta ozi. Dịka UV Joseph siri kwuo,  enwere olumba atọ, ya bụ. Rongdani, Maitori na Kocha (ibe ix). Joseph dere na "olumba Kocha, nke a na-asụ n'akụkụ ugwu nke Brahmaputra, dị nnọọ iche na ọ bụghị onye Rongdani ma ọ bụ Maitori na-ekwu okwu" (peeji ix). Joseph dekwara na "asụsụ dị iche iche dị n'etiti Rongdani na Maitori, nke abụọ a na-asụ n'akụkụ ebe ndịda nke Brahmaputra, na mpaghara Goalpara nke Assam ma bụrụ nke ugwu ugwu nke Meghalaya, dị ntakịrị" (peeji ix-x). Ọ mechiri paragraf n'asụsụ dị iche iche na: "Ọdịiche dị iche iche nke olumba Rongdani-Maitori na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-akawanye akara ka mmadụ na-aga n'ihu n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ" (peeji x).

N'afọ 2007, UV Joseph bipụtara ụtọ asụsụ Rabha na Brill n'usoro ha n'usoro asụsụ nke Greater Himalayan Region. 

## Ihe nnọchianya nke olumba Rabha dị iche iche

## Ihe nnọchianya nke ọnụọgụ Rabha dị iche iche

## Nkesa ala
Dị ka *Ethnologue* si kwuo, a na-asụ Rabha na mpaghara ndị a na India.

* Mpaghara Darrang, mpaghara Goalpara, na mpaghara Kamrup, ọdịda anyanwụ Assam
* Nagaland
* Mpaghara Jalpaiguri na mpaghara Alipurduar, West Bengal
* Mpaghara Tufanganj, Koch Bihar district
* East Garo Hills district na West Garo Hills district, Meghalaya

## Hụkwa

* Ndị mmadụ Rabha
* Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council
* Rabha Baptist Church Union

## Ntụaka
nnọọ iche na ọ bụghị onye Rongdani ma ọ bụ Maitori na-ekwu okwu" (peeji ix). Joseph dekwara
Asụsụ Cafundó

***Cafundó*** ( ), ma ọ bụ **** (  ), bụ argot ("asụsụ nzuzo") a na-asụ n'ime obodo Brazil nke Cafundó, São Paulo, nke dị ugbu a dịpụrụ adịpụ nke Salto de Pirapora . Asụsụ ahụ yiri Portuguese, yana ọtụtụ okwu Bantu n'akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ya.

A na-eche na Cafundó na mbụ bụ asụsụ Africa, mana nchọpụta e mechara (1996) nke Carlos Vogt na Peter Fry gosipụtara na usoro grammatical ya na ọdịdị ọdịdị ya bụ nke Portuguese Portuguese, karịsịa ime obodo hinterland South Eastern dịgasị iche iche, *caipira* . Ebe akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ya sitere na ụfọdụ asụsụ Bantu. Ya mere, ọ bụghị a Creole asụsụ, dị ka a na-atụle mgbe ụfọdụ. N'adịghị ka Vogt na Fry (1996), Álvarez López na Jon-And (2017) na-atụ aro na mgbe ndị na-ekwu okwu koodu-gbanwee site na Cafundó Portuguese na Cupópia, ha na-emepụta ihe dị iche iche na mpaghara dị iche iche nke Portuguese na ọtụtụ okwu sitere na Africa.  Kama nke ahụ, akụkụ nke e ji Cupópia mee ihe nwere njiri mara ụtọ asụsụ, na-egosi na ụdịdị ahụ nwere ụtọasụsụ nke ya.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Aha  pụtara "ebe dịpụrụ adịpụ" ma ọ bụ "ebe siri ike iru", na-ezo aka na quilombo nke Cafundó. Ihe nkiri Brazil *Cafundó* na-ewepụkwa aha ya n'otu ebe ahụ.

## Ndị na-ekwu okwu

## Ntụaka
South Eastern dịgasị iche iche, caipira . Ebe akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ya sitere na ụfọdụ

* Peter Fry na Carlos Vogt (1996) *Cafundó, na África no Brasil: Linguagem na Sociedade.* São Paulo, Companhia das Letras. ISBN&nbsp; .
* Sílvio Vieira de Andrade Filho (2000) *Um Estudo Sociolingüístico das Comunidades Negras do Cafundó, na Antigo Caxambu e de seus Arredores* . Secretaria da Educação e Cultura nke Sorocaba . Ọzọkwa Ph.D. diss. , Mahadum São Paulo . ISBN&nbsp; . Dị na ịntanetị .
* Laura Álvarez López na Anna Jon-And (2017) 'Afro-Brazil Cupópia: Lexical and morphosyntactic features of a lexically driven in-group code'. Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Pidgin na asụsụ Creole 32:1 (75-103).
Asụsụ Shaowu

**Olumba Shaowu** bụ olumba Shao-Jiang Min China a na-asụ na Shaowu, Nanping na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Fujian mpaghara China . Ọ na-ejikọta ihe ndị sitere na Northern Min na Gan Chinese .

## fonology
Olumba Shaowu nwere mkpụrụedemede iri abụọ, rimes iri anọ na isii na ụda isii.

### Mmalite

### Rimes
, i, u, y, a, i, , o, , , , , ə, , ɯ, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 

### Ụda

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ obodo nke nwéré ótụ onwe anyị kwa pụrụanyanwụ Fuji
Asụsụ Rung

**Asụsụ Rung** bụ ngalaba a tụrụ aro maka asụsụ Sino-Tibet . Randy LaPolla tụpụtara alaka ahụ na ndabere nke morphological akaebe dị ka pronominal paradigms. Otú ọ dị, Guillaume Jacques na Thomas Pellard (2021) na-arụ ụka na asụsụ ndị a emeghị ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ihe ọmụmụ phylogenetic na nso nso a   na nyocha nke ọma nke ihe ọhụrụ na-ekerịta lexical . 

LaPolla (2003) depụtara asụsụ ndị a dịka akụkụ nke otu "Rung" nwa oge ya. 

 

Kham, Magar, na Chepangic ka akwadokwara ka ha bụrụ akụkụ nke otu nnukwu Magaric .

## Ntụaka
ndabere nke morphological akaebe dị ka pronominal paradigms. Otú
Asụsụ Xuzhang

**Xuzhang** (autonym: ** )  bụ asụsụ Loloish nke Yunnan, China. Enwere ndị na-ekwu okwu 2,000 na Xuzhang, Wafang, Longyang District, Baoshan Prefecture. 

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ obodo

* Yang, Cathryn. 2010. *Ụdị mpaghara Lalo: Phylogeny, dialectometry, na sociolinguistics* . Melbourne: Mahadum La Trobe nzere PhD. http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.9/153015 .
Asụsụ Zigula

Asụsụ **Zigula** ma ọ bụ **Zigua**, ***Chizigua***, bụ asụsụ Bantu nke Tanzania na Somalia, ebe a na-asụ olumba Mushunguli (ma ọ bụ Mushungulu). 

## Mushunguli
Asụsụ Mushunguli ma ọ bụ Mushungulu bụ ihe dị ka mmadụ 34,000 sitere na agbụrụ Bantu nke dị n'ebe ndịda Somalia, na Jamaame, Kismayo, Mogadishu, na ndagwurugwu Juba . 

Mushunguli na-egosi mmekọ ya na ụdị Bantu dị n'akụkụ. Karịsịa, ọ na-ekerịta myirịta siri ike na nke ụtọ asụsụ na asụsụ ndị Zigua bi na Tanzania, otu n'ime mpaghara ndịda-ọwụwa anyanwụ Africa ebe ọtụtụ ndị Bantu dị na Somalia maara na e jidere ya dị ka ndị ohu n'oge narị afọ nke 19.  Ethnologue kwuru na Mushunguli na Tanzania bụ *Wazegua* . 

Ọtụtụ ụmụ nwoke Mushunguli Bantu na-asụkwa asụsụ Afro-Asiatic Maay na Somali nke ndị agbata obi ha na Somalia . 

## fonology
Enweghị akwụkwọ akụkọ ọdịnala ma ọ bụ ọdịnala maka Mushunguli. Agbanyeghị, enwere ike ịnakwere omume mkpope akwụkwọ sitere na asụsụ Bantu ndị metụtara ya iji mee ka asụsụ ahụ nwee obere ụda olu ụda olu.

### Udaume

### Consonants

The fricatives  na  dị iche iche na  na , n'otu n'otu.

### Ụda
Ogologo ụdaume abụghị ihe pụrụ iche, mana ogologo ụda olu na-ejikọta ya na ụda dara ada dị ka ọ dị na *chîga* 'ụkwụ'. Usoro ụda ahụ yiri nke Zigua nke Tanzania.  

## Ihe ndetu
ọwụwa anyanwụ Africa ebe ọtụtụ ndị Bantu dị na Somalia maka Mushunguli. Agbanyeghị, enwere ike ịnakwere

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* Hout, Katherine, na Eric Bakovic. "Ịgwakọta ma ọ bụ ịghara ịgbakọta: Ụzọ ga-esi dị iche na Mushunguli (Somali Chizigula)." (2014).

* MacSaveny, Erin, na Erin MacSaveny. "Ụda okwu na Chizigula." Akwụkwọ oge ụfọdụ na asụsụ 5 (2009).

* Temkin Martinez, Michal, na Haley K. Boone. "Na ọnụnọ nke nasalization na-enweghị olu na o doro anya na ekpochapụ Somali Chizigula prenasalized nkwụsị." Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Acoustical Society of America 139.4 (2016): 2218-2218.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Zigula
Asụsụ Yongzhou

**Olumba Yongzhou** ( Chinese    ) bụ olumba nke Xiang Chinese a na-asụ na Yongzhou, Province Hunan .

## Mmalite na mmepe
Tupu usoro ndị eze Han, Yongzhou bụ kpamkpam ebe obibi maka agbụrụ ụmụ amaala oge ochie dịka ndị Yao . A ka nwere ọtụtụ n'ime ụmụ ha na mgbago elu nke Osimiri Xiao taa. 

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Yao belatara nke ukwuu mgbe usoro ndị eze Han gasịrị, nke nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi nchikota nke ndị Yao n'ihi ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị Han na-akwaga na ndịda. Mgbe Liu Zongyuan bịara Yongzhou na usoro ndị eze Tang, o kwuru na ndị mmadụ nọ ebe a na-ekwu okwu n'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya na ha enweghị ike ịghọta ya ma ọlị. Agbanyeghị, ka afọ ole na ole gachara, ụda olu ya ghọrọ otu nke ndị obodo Yongzhou. O doro anya na ndị mmadụ n'ebe a gbanwere n'ịsụ Chinese n'oge usoro ndị eze Tang, ma ụda olu na okwu ndị ahụ pụrụ nnọọ iche. Ikekwe nke a bụ mmalite nke olumba Yongzhou ọgbara ọhụrụ.

Mgbe ahụ, ọtụtụ ndị si etiti na ọwụwa anyanwụ Hunan kwagara na Yongzhou, na-eme ka olumba Yongzhou na-eleda anya n'olumba Xiang . N'oge ọchịchị Ming na Qing, ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ndị Jiangxi kwabatara, na olumba Gan nwekwara mmetụta na olumba Yongzhou. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-ekwu "dàng" na "ebe a", nke dabara na olumba Taihe na Jiangxi. N'oge a, Southwest Mandarin na Standard Chinese ( Beijing Mandarin ) emetụtala olumba Yongzhou.

## Ntụaka
ebe a na-ekwu okwu n'ụzọ dị ịtụnanya na ha enweghị ike ịghọta ya ma ọlị. Agbanyeghị, ka
Asụsụ Vayu

**Vayu** (वायु), **Wayu** ma ọ bụ **Hayu** (हायु) bụ asụsụ Sino-Tibet na-asụ na Nepal nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 1,520 na-asụ na Bagmati Province . Olumba gụnyere Pali gau (पालि गाउ) Mudajor Sukajor Ramechhap Sindhuli na Marin Khola.

Asụsụ Vayu na-egosi usoro iwu SOV . Enwere mmetụta Nepali siri ike na ụda olu ya, akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu na ụtọ asụsụ ya. Usoro odide ya na-eji edemede Devanagari . Ọ nweghị ndị na-asụ otu asụsụ a ma ama, ebe ndị na-asụ ya na-ejikwa Nepali .  N'agbanyeghị enweghị ụmụaka na-asụ otu asụsụ, iji Vayu ka dịgidere ruo narị afọ nke 21 

## fonology

## Ụtọ asụsụ
 

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* Hodgson, B. (1857). Váyu Okwu. *Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Asiatic Society of Bengal 26.* 372–485.
* Hodgson, B. (1858). Na ebo Vayu nke Central Himalaya. *Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Asiatic Society of Bengal 27.* 443–6.
* Michailovsky, B. (1973). Ihe ndetu na asụsụ Hayu. *Kailash Akwụkwọ akụkọ Himalayan Studies, 1 (2)*, 135-152.
* Michailovsky, B. (1974). Hayu Typology na Morphology Okwu. *Asụsụ asụsụ nke Mpaghara Tibeto-Burman*, 11–26.
* Michailovsky, B. (1976). Okwu gbasara Rhinoglottophilia na Hayu. *Asụsụ asụsụ nke Mpaghara Tibeto-Burman*, 2293.
* Park, I. (1995). Grammaticalization nke ngwaa n'asụsụ Tibeto-Burman atọ. *Akwụkwọ edemede Abstracts International, 55(8)*, 2369A.
* Sherard, M. (1986). Structure Morphological Structure of the Pronominal and Verb Systems n'asụsụ Himalaya abụọ akpọpụtara aha. Na J. McCoy, T. Light (Eds.), *Ntụnye aka na ọmụmụ ndị Sino-Tibet* (p.&nbsp;172–199). Leiden: Brill.
* Yadava, YP, Glover, WW (1999). Isiokwu na asụsụ Nepalese. Na Yadava, Yogendra P. na Warren W. Glover (eds.) Kamaladi, Kathmandu: Royal Nepal Academy. p.&nbsp;603.

## Njikọ mpụga
na-eji edemede Devanagari . Ọ nweghị ndị na-asụ otu asụsụ a ma ama, ebe ndị na-asụ ya

* Ihe ndekọ Hayu sitere na COCOON, mkpokọta de COrpus Oraux Numériques
* Profaịlụ Asụsụ ndị nọ n'ihe egwu maka Hayu
Asụsụ Wancho

**Wancho** (वांचो) bụ asụsụ Konyak nke dị n'ebe ugwu-ọwụwa anyanwụ India . A na-asụ Wancho na obodo 36 dị na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Longding district, Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh, yana Assam na Nagaland ( *Ethnologue* ). Aha ndị ọzọ gụnyere Banpara Naga, Joboka, Jokoba.

## Ndị mmadụ
Ndị Wancho nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ 56,866 na-asụ Wancho dịka nkwenye 2011 siri dị, ma bụrụkwa ndị bi na steeti India nke Arunachal Pradesh. Ọ bụ ezie na ha pere mpe, ndị bi na ya nwere ọdịbendị bara ụba nwere emume, emume emume, okpukperechi, na olumba dị iche iche nke Wancho. 
center|thumb|179x179px| Akara Wancho Ngun, nke dabara na Indian rupee (₹)

## Olumba
*Ethnologue* depụtara olumba Wancho ndị a.

* Changnoi
* Bor Muthun (Bor Mutonia)
* Horu Muthun
* Kulung Muthun (Mithan)

Enwere nnukwu mgbanwe n'etiti olumba a na-asụ na mpaghara elu na nke ala.

## Ọkpụkpụ
A na-edekarị Wancho na Devanagari ma ọ bụ mkpụrụedemede Latịn . N'agbata 2001 na 2012, onye nkuzi Banwang Losu chepụtara mkpụrụedemede Wancho pụrụ iche nke a na-akụzi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ụfọdụ.  N'afọ 2019, ebipụtara edemede ahụ n'ihu ọha na Unicode 12.0. 

## Ntụaka
ọwụwa anyanwụ Africa ebe ọtụtụ ndị Bantu dị na Somalia

* Robbins Burling & Mankai Wangsu (1998) "Wancho phonology na ndepụta okwu", *Linguistics nke Tibeto-Burman Mpaghara* 21.2.
Asụsụ Turung

**Asụsụ Turung** bụ asụsụ Sino-Tibet nọ n'ihe ize ndụ, nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na Singpho, nke a na-asụ n'ime obodo asaa dị n'etiti Assam . Ọtụtụ ndị Turung na-asụ Assamese ugbu a. 

Ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị agbụrụ a karịrị 30,000, ma ha bi na Jorhat, Golaghat na Karbi Anglong nke Assam .

## Asụsụ Tai enwere ike ịdị
Ndị nna ochie nke ndị Turung nke oge a nwere ike na-asụ asụsụ Tai nke a na-akpọ Turung ma ọ bụ Tairong nke dịzi n'iyi.  Asụsụ Tai na-emetụta asụsụ Turung ọgbara ọhụrụ.

## Ntụaka
na-eji edemede Devanagari . Ọ nweghị ndị na-asụ otu asụsụ a ma ama, ebe ndị na-asụ ya

## Isi mmalite

* Morey, Stephen. 2005. *Asụsụ Tai nke Assam: ụtọ asụsụ na ederede* . Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
Asụsụ Nethalp

**Nethalp**, ma ọ bụ **Lorediakarkar**, bụ asụsụ nke East Santo asụsụ, otu asụsụ n'ime ezinụlọ Austronesia nke asụsụ. Ihe dị ka mmadụ 340 sitere n'agbụrụ 850 na-asụ ya na agwaetiti Espiritu Santo dị na Vanuatu . Ọ dị nso na asụsụ Shark Bay .

## Ntụaka
asụsụ, otu asụsụ n'imeMoseley, Christopher na RE Asher, ed. *Atlas of the Worlds Languages* . (New York: Routelage, 1994)
Asụsụ Tichurong

**Tichurong** ma ọ bụ **Tichyurong**,  bụ okwu Sino-Tibet iji kọwaa ndị mmadụ bi ugbu a Kaike Rural Municipality, Dolpa, karnali. Ti pụtara elu ugwu Kailash, chu pụtara mmiri nke na-asọ si n'ugwu Kailash na Rong na-egosi ndị mmadụ na-ebi na ala elu ebe dị iche iche kụrụ na-okokpon, ọhịa nwere ike ịhụ na ọtụtụ okpomọkụ ebe.

## Ọnụọgụ igwe mmadụ
A na-asụ ya n'ime obodo Gumbatara, Gufa, Rukha, Kola, Tachin, Khani, Khani Gumba, Namdel, Baijibara, Syala, Vyas, Banthada, Chilpara, Dharapani na Lawan. N'ihe dị ka afọ 2000, mmadụ 2,420 na-asụ asụsụ ahụ. 

## Ntụaka
si n'ugwu Kailash na Rong na-egosi ndị mmadụ
Asụsụ Takpa

Asụsụ **Takpa** ma ọ bụ **Dakpa** ( Tibetan makwaara dị ka Brami na Bhutan, [1] bụ asụsụ Bodish East nke a na-asụ na mpaghara Tawang nke Arunachal Pradesh, na n'ebe ugwu.Mpaghara rashigang na ọwụwa anyanwụ Bhutan, ọkachasị na Kyaleng (Shongphu gewog), Phongmed Gewog, Dangpholeng na Lengkhar dị nso na Radi Gewog.[1] [2] Van Driem (2001) kọwara Takpa dị ka ndị kacha dị iche iche nke asụsụ Bhutan's East Bodish, [1] n'agbanyeghị na ọ na Bumthang nwere ọtụtụ myirịta. SIL na-akọ na Takpa nwere ike ịbụ olumba nke asụsụ Brokpa na th

Monpa nke Zemithang na Monpa nke Mago - Tingbu enweghị nghọta na Takpa.  Monpa nke Zemithang bụ asụsụ Bodish East ọzọ, ma edekwara ya na Abraham, et al. (2018). 

Wangchu (2002) na-akọ na a na-asụ Tawang Monpa na obodo Lhou, Seru, Lemberdung, na Changprong, Tawang District, Arunachal Pradesh .

## fonology
Tebụl ndị a na-anọchi anya fọnịm nke ụdị Takpa dị iche iche a na-asụ na China, na Ógbè Tsona . 

### Udaume

Monba bụ asụsụ ụda olu, nwere ụda contour anọ: *55*, *53*, *35*, na *31* . 

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ nke Bhutan

## Ntụaka