Marsilio Ficino

Marsilio Ficino (  ; Aha Latin : Marsilius Ficinus ; 19 Ọktoba 1433–1 Ọktọba 1499) bụ onye ọkachamara Italy na onye na-elekọta bụ otu n'ime ndị ọkà ihe nkiri.  mmadụ kacha nwee ike na Renaissance Italian mbụ.  Ọ bụ onye na-agụ akwụkwọ, onye na-eweghachite Neoplatonism na ndị na-agụ n'agụm akwụkwọ nke oge ya na-akpa àgwà, na onye mbụ nke Plato zuru oke na-arụ ọrụ na Latin .  [1] akwụkwọ akụkọ Florentine ya, mbọ iji tụte ụlọ akwụkwọ Plato, ntụzịaka na mgbasa nke Renaissance Ịtali na ihe nke nkà ihe Europe .

 Njikọ Ficino na Figline Valdarno .  Nna ya, Diotifeci d'Agnolo, bụ dibịa n'okpuru nkwado nke Cosimo de' Medici, bụ onye kpọbatara nwa anụmanụ ahụ n'ime ihe ya wee onye ndụ ogologo ndụ nke Marsilio, bụ onye e mere onye nkuzi nye nwa nwa ya.  , Lorenzo de' Medici .  Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, onye ọkà ihe na onye ọka nke Ịtali, bụ onye ọzọ n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ya.  &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

N'oge mkpa na Florence nke Council of Ferrara-Florence na 1438-1445, n'oge ndị agha ada iji gwọọ schism nke Eastern (Orthodox) na Western (Catholic) ụka, Cosimo de' Medici na isi ya mara nke ọma.  .  onye ọkà ihe Neoplatonic George Gemistos Plethon, bụ onye okwu ya Plato na ndị Aleksandria mystics mkpakọrịta ndị mmadụ nke Florence nke na mbụ ya Plato nke abụọ.  Na 1459 John Argyropoulos nọ na-ede akwụkwọ Grik na akwụkwọ na Florence, Ficino kwara nwa akwụkwọ ya.

Mgbe Cosimo nweghachi ụlọ akwụkwọ Plato na Florence, ọ feed Ficino ka ọ bụrụ isi ya.  Na 1462, Cosimo nyere Ficino ihe odide Greek nke ọrụ Plato, ebe Ficino ihe ị nwere ike ahụ dum ka ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụ na ọ bụrụ na Latin [1] (n , agbasa ozizi ahụ ahụ 1468–9; [2] edi 1484).  Ficino mekwara ozi nke nchịkọta akwụkwọ Grik ndị Hellenistic nke Leonardo da Pistoia nkwadora ikpeazụ Hermetica, [3] na ihe odide nke ọtụtụ ndị Neoplatonist, ekiri Porphyry, Iamblichus, na Plotinus .

Ọ bụ ebe a na-ewu Ficino dị ka dibịa, ọ ፈለገ onye mgbasa na 1473. [1] [2] [3] Na 1474 Ficino dechara akwụkwọ edemede ya anwụghị anwụ nke ọnwụ obi, Theologia Platonica de immortalitate animae, [4]  (Platonic Theology) na De Christiana Religione (On the Christian Religion), ndị mere ihe mere eme nkerechi na ịgbachitere Iso Ụzọ akwụkwọ.  [5] Na ngwa ngwa nke ọkụ ọkụ n'obi maka mgbaa ọkụ sitere na Antiquity, o mkpara ụfọdụ na nkà nke ịgụ akwụkwọ (n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-ekwutọ ya n'ihe ihe m bụ Chineke), nke mere ka ọkụ.  ọ banye ná nsogbu na egwuregwu .  Na 1489 e boro ya ebubo ebubo n'ihu Pope Innocent VIII [4] na a tọhapụrụ ya.

Akwụkwọ ozi Ficino, gbatịpụrụ n'ime afọ 1474–1494, dịgidere ma ebipụta ya.  Ọ dere *De amore* (Of Love) na 1484. *Devita libri tres* (Akwụkwọ atọ na ndụ), ma ọ bụ *De triplici vita*  (Akwụkwọ nke Ndụ), nke e bipụtara na 1489, na-enye ndụmọdụ ahụike na ịgụ kpakpando dị ukwuu maka ịnọgide na-enwe ahụike na ume, yana ịkwado Neoplatonist. echiche nke ensoulment nke ụwa na njikọ ya na mkpụrụ obi mmadụ:

* *Akwụkwọ nke ndụ*, ntụgharị. ya na mmalite mmalite nke Charles Boer, Dallas: Spring Publications, 1980. ISBN 0-88214-212-7
* *De vita libri tres* ( *Akwụkwọ Atọ na Ndụ*, 1489) ntụgharị. nke Carol V. Kaske na John R. Clarke, Tempe, Arizona: The Renaissance Society of America, 2002. Site na ndetu, nkọwa na ederede Latin na ihu ihu. ISBN&nbsp;
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* *De religione Christiana et fidei pietate* (1475–6), raara nye Lorenzo de' Medici. ( Ntụgharị asụsụ Bekee n'okpuru.)
* *Na Okpukpe Ndị Kraịst*, ed. na ntụgharị asụsụ. nke Dan Atrell, Brett Bartlett, na David Porreca (U. nke Toronto P., 2022). (Ya na nnukwu ndetu, ndetu, wdg.)
* *Na Epistolas Pauli commentaria*, Marsilii Ficini Epistolae (Venice, 1491; Florence, 1497).
* *Ntụgharị uche na mkpụrụ obi: mkpụrụedemede Marsilio Ficino ahọpụtara*, ntụgharị. site na Ngalaba Asụsụ nke School of Economic Science, London. Rochester, Vermont: Inner Traditions International, 1996. ISBN&nbsp; .
* *Ọrụ anakọtara: Opera* (Florence,1491, Venice, 1516, Basel, 1561).

thumb| ''Delle divine lettere del gran Marsilio Ficino'' (1563)

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* Ernst Cassirer, Paul Oskar Kristeller, John Herman Randall, Jr., *The Renaissance Philosophy of Man.*  The University of Chicago Press (Chicago, 1948.) Marsilio Ficino, *Five Questions Concerning the Mind*, pp. 193–214.
* 
* Anthony Gottlieb, *The Dream of Reason: A History of Western Philosophy from the Greeks to the Renaissance* (Penguin, London, 2001)  
* James Heiser, *Prisci Theologi and the Hermetic Reformation in the Fifteenth Century* (Repristination Press, Malone, Texas, 2011)  
* Paul Oskar Kristeller, *Eight Philosophers of the Italian Renaissance.*  Stanford University Press (Stanford California, 1964) ch. 3, "Ficino," pp. 37–53.
* Raffini, Christine, "Marsilio Ficino, Pietro Bembo, Baldassare Castiglione: Philosophical, Aesthetic, and Political Approaches in Renaissance Platonism", Renaissance and Baroque Studies and Texts, v.21, Peter Lang Publishing, 1998.  ISBN&nbsp;
* Robb, Nesca A., *Neoplatonism of the Italian Renaissance*, New York: Octagon Books, Inc., 1968.
* Reeser, Todd W. *Setting Plato Straight: Translating Ancient Sexuality in the Renaissance.* Chicago: UChicagoP, 2016.
* Field, Arthur, *The Origins of the Platonic Academy of Florence*, New Jersey: Princeton, 1988.
* Allen, Michael J.B., and Valery Rees, with Martin Davies, eds. *Marsilio Ficino: His Theology, His Philosophy, His Legacy.* Leiden: E.J.Brill, 2002. A wide range of new essays.  ISBN&nbsp;
* Voss, Angela, *Marsilio Ficino,* Western Esoteric Masters series. North Atlantic Books, 2006.  ISBN&nbsp;

* *Nkọwa na Plato* . I Tatti Renaissance Library. Asụsụ abụọ, mbipụta Bekee/Latin nkọwapụta nke nkọwa Ficino gbasara ọrụ Plato.
** vol. 1, 2008, *Phaedrus*, na *Ion*, ntụgharị. nke Michael JB Allen dere,  (Maka ntụgharị asụsụ ọzọ nke nkọwa *Ion*, lee *Gardens of Philosophy*, n'okpuru.)
** vol. Ọktoba 2, 2012, *Parmenides*, p. 1, ntụgharị. nke Maude Vanhaelen dere 
** vol. Ọktoba 3, 2012, *Parmenides*, p. 2, ntụgharị. nke Maude Vanhaelen dere  (Maka ntụgharị asụsụ ọzọ nke nkọwa *Parmenides*, lee n'okpuru.)
* *Evermore ga-adị otú ahụ: Ficino na Plato's* Parmenides, ed. na ntụgharị asụsụ. nke Arthur Farndell (Shepheard Walwyn, 2008). (Agụnyeghị ederede Latịn.)
* *Ubi nke nkà ihe ọmụma: Ficino na Plato*, ed. na ntụgharị asụsụ. nke Arthur Farndell (Shepheard-Walwyn, 2006). Nwere ihe ndị a:
** Okwu mmalite nke Ficino na nkọwa ya na Plato [a gwara Lorenzo de' Medici ].
** *Hipparchus* : Ọchịchọ maka inweta
** *Philosophy* ma ọ bụ *Onye hụrụ n'anya*
** *Theages* : amamihe
** *Meno* : Omume ọma
** *Alcibiades I* : Ọdịdị mmadụ
** *Alcibiades II* : Ekpere
** *Minos* : Iwu
** *Euthyphro* : ịdị nsọ
** *Hippias* : The mara mma na mara mma
** *Lysis* : Enyi
** *Theatetus* : Ọmụma
** *Ion* : mmụọ nsọ uri
** *Onye isi ala* : Ọchịchị
** *Protagoras* : omume ọma
** *Euthydemus* : Echiche nke ndị Sophists
** *Hippias dị obere* : eziokwu
** *Charmides* : iwe ọkụ
** *Laches* : obi ike
** *Cratylus* : aha
** *Gorgias* : Akwukwo okwu
** *Mgbaghara* : Socrates 'Defence
** *Crito* : Ụzọ Ndụ nke Socrates
** *Phaedo* : Ọdịdị nke Mkpụrụ obi
** *Menexenus* : Ịhụnanya maka obodo mmadụ
** *Critias* : Akụkọ nke Atlantis
** Mkparịta ụka nke mkpụrụedemede iri na abụọ nke Plato
** Abụọ n'ime okwu mmalite nke Ficino ndị ọzọ maka mkparịta ụka na nkọwa ha
* *Mgbe ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma na-achị: Ficino na Plato* Republic *,* Iwu *, na* Epinomis, ed. na ntụgharị asụsụ. nke Arthur Farndell (Shepheard-Walwyn, 2009). (Unabridged ma e wezụga maka nkọwa na *Republic*, bk. 8; lee *Nuptial Arithmetic*, n'okpuru.)
* *Arthmetic Nuptial: Nkọwa nke Marsilio Ficino na Ọnụ Ọgụgụ Ọnwụ n'ime Akwụkwọ nke Asatọ nke Plato's* Republic, ed. na ntụgharị asụsụ. nke Michael JB Allen (U. nke California P., 1994).
* *Nkọwa na Symposium Plato na Ịhụnanya*, ntụgharị. ya na mmeghe na ndetu nke Sears Jayne (Woodstock, CT: Spring Publications, 1985), 2nd edn. , 2000,  (Maka ntụgharị asụsụ ọzọ, lee *On the Nature of Love*, n'okpuru.)
* *Na ọdịdị nke ịhụnanya: Ficino na Plato's* Symposium, ed. na ntụgharị asụsụ. nke Arthur Farndell (Shepheard-Walwyn, 2016).
* *Icastes.* *Nkọwa nke Marsilio Ficino nke Plato* Sophist *,* ed. na tranl. nke Michael JB Allen (Berkeley: U. nke California P., 1989).
* *Ihe niile eke: Ficino na Plato's* Timaeus, ed. na ntụgharị asụsụ. nke Arthur Farndell (Shepheard-Walwyn, 2010).

* Works by Marsilio Ficino at Open Library
* ''Platonis Opera Omnia'' (Latin)
*  
* Marsilio Ficino at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
* Marsilio Ficino entry by James G. Snyder in *Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy*
* Short Biography of Ficino
* Catholic Encyclopedia entry
* The Influence of Marsilio Ficino
* www.ficino.it Website of the International Ficino Society
* Online Galleries, History of Science Collections, University of Oklahoma Libraries. High resolution images of works by and/or portraits of Marsilio Ficino in .jpg and .tiff format.