Joan C. Gratz

Joan Gratz (akpan 1941) bụ onye omenka America, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-eme ihe nkiri bụ ihe na-eme ụrọ .  A mara Gratz nke ọma maka obere ihe nkiri 1992 na-emeri Oscar nke Mona Lisa na-agbadata steepụ. .  

## Ndụ mbido
Na 1941, akwụkwọ akụkọ Gratz na Burbank, California.  Nna Gratz bụ onye injinia ọkụ na nne ya bụ onye nkuzi Bekee.  Site na nwata o nwewere na nka.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Mgbe Gratz bụ nwa akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ ụlọ, ọ ahụmahụ.  Gratz nọ na-ese foto usoro ụzọ ya.  N'afọ 1969, Gratz akara akara akara na ụlọ ọrụ na Mahadum California, Los Angeles.  [1] Tupu ya agụsị akwụkwọ, Gratz nkiri ndị ahịa nke animation wee mmegharị echiche nke "ime ka shirya na-eku ume" site na usoro ụzọ dị ka "usoro ụrọ ".  Mgbe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, ọ kwagara Oregon, na-ebi ndụ site n'ịmepụta puppets na njikọ 

## Ọrụ
Na 1976, a gwara Gratz ka ọ onye ọrụ maka Will Vinton na ọhụrụ na-ahụ anya Will Vinton Studios, [1] wee asụsụ ọrụ na ụlọ ihe nkiri n'oge ọrụ nke Rip Van Winkle (1978).  [2] N'oge ya na Vinton Studios, Gratz ike ọrụ n'ihe nkiri ihe nkiri dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri, ma na 1987, o ihe ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ese ihe.  n'ihi okwu ọrụ ihe nkiri na-emekọ ihe ọnụ, na-enwetaghịkwa otuto kwesịrị maka ọrụ ya.  [1] Na 1987, Gratz hiwere Gratzfilm, ụlọ ọrụ nke ya iji duzie na ihe nkiri ya.  

Ozugbo onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-ese ihe nkiri, Gratz ihe nkiri na-ahụ anya Vinton Studio, [1] na ihe ịga nke ọma ya mere ka onye ọrụ maka mgbasa ozi site na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ dị ka Coca-  Cola.  [2] N'afọ 1990, Gratz animated a azụmahịa maka United Airlines isiokwu ya bụ Natural, nke usoro egwuregwu ụrọ ya.   

Mgbe afọ asatọ nke atụmatụ na nyocha gasịrị, na afọ abụọ nke ịrụ ọrụ site na usoro okike na ihe nkiri, Gratz dechara ihe nkiri ya Mona Lisa Descending a Staircase na 1992.[1]  Aha nke ihe nkiri dị ogologo nkeji asaa a [2] na-ejikọta aha nke ihe osise Leonardo DaVinci a ma ama, Mona Lisa (1503), na ihe ngosi Marcel Duchamp nke modernist, ịgba ọtọ na-agbadata steepụ, Nke 2 (1919).[3]  [1] N'ime ihe osise iri ise na ise [1] nke narị afọ nke iri abụọ, Gratz na-eji usoro eserese ụrọ ya gosi ndị na-ege ya ntị akụkọ ihe mere eme na mmalite nke nka ọgbara ọhụrụ, [4] malite na Impressionism, na-aga n'ihu ruo mgbe Pop Art ije na  Hyperrealism[1] site na mgbanwe metamorphic n'etiti ọrụ nka ọ bụla.[5]  Onye na-ede egwú Jamie Haggerty na Chel White nyere ụda na egwu maka ihe nkiri ahụ.[1]  Ọ meriri ihe nrite 1992 Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film, [1] wee nweta ọtụtụ ihe nrite ndị ọzọ na mmemme ihe nkiri dị iche iche gburugburu ụwa.  

N'afọ 1993, Gratz so Joanne Priestly duziri Pro na Con na animated.  [1] N'iji mgbasa ozi agwakọta ederede na calligraphy, na site na ụrọ ojii na n'ahụ ọcha, Pro na Con na-egosi docudrama hụrụ ndụ ụlọ ebe a na-anya onye nlekọta na onye ọrụ mgbazi.. 

Gratz bụkwa odee. Na June 2014, Gratz bụ onye edemede na onye na-akọwa My Tesla: Akụkọ ịhụnanya nke òké na ụgbọ ala ya, akwụkwọ ụmụaka na-agbanwe agbanwe maka ndị okenye.  

E ta Joan C. Gratz dị ka otu n'ime mmadụ isii gbara igwe ọnụ na ihe ngosi Martin Cooper-kpọ ihe mere eme, Mystery & Odyssey: Ndụ na Service nke isii Portland Animators (2023).  Ndị ọzọ gbara ọnụ ọnụ bụ Joanna Priestley, Chel White, Jim Blashfield, Rose Bond na Zak Margolis.  [1] Emere ihe nkiri a na 2023 Ottawa International Animation Festival. 

## Ekele
Na Academy Awards, *Mona Lisa Descending a Staircase* (1992) meriri Oscar maka ihe nkiri mkpụmkpụ kacha mma na 1993.  

## Ihe nkiri

### Onye nduzi na onye na-emepụta ihe

* 1988 *Candyjam* - Onye isi 
* 1992 *Mona Lisa na-agbadata n'elu steepụ* - Onye isi  
* 1993 *Pro na Con* (onye ntụzi aka)
* 2010 *Kubla Kan*
* 2014 *Echefuola ma chọta ya*
* 2016 *Primal Flux* - Onye isi 
* 2020 *Enweghị ndị ndu biko* - onye isi  

### Dị ka animator

* *Rip Van Winkle* (1978)
* *Ihe nketa: Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke akụrụngwa okike* (1979)
* *Onye isi ala* (1979)
* *Dinosaur* (1980)
* *Onyinye ekeresimesi* (1980)
* *Ihe Okike* (1981) 
* *Candyjam* (1988)
* *Kubla Kan* (2010)
* *Echefuola ma chọta ya* (2014)
* *Enweghị ndị ndu biko* (2020)

## Hụkwa

* Ihe osise ụrọ
* *Vincent hụrụ n'anya*, ihe nkiri 2013 na-eme ihe nkiri yiri ya na usoro
* Ọ ga-abụ Vinton

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
* 
* Joan C. Gratz at mostlymovies.ca
* Joan C. Gratz at austinchronicle.com
* Joan Gratz at nwfilm.org at the Wayback Machine (archived March 3, 2021)
* Women in Animation: Joan C Gratz Part 1
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ