Hibiscus

***Hibiscus*** bụ ụdị osisi na-agbasa okooko n'ezinụlọ mallow, Malvaceae. Ụdị ahụ buru ibu, na-agụnye ọtụtụ narị ụdị ndị na-etoputa na mpaghara okpomọkụ, mpaghara okpomanya na mpaghara okirikiri n'ụwa niile. A maara ụdị ndị otu ahụ maka nnukwu okooko osisi ha na-egbuke egbuke ma a na-akpọkarị ụdị ndị ahụ "hibiscus", ma ọ bụ nke a na-amaghị nke ọma dị ka **rose mallow**. Aha ndị ọzọ e ji mara ya gụnyere **hibiscus siri ike**, **rose nke sharon**, na **hibiscus nke okpomọkụ.**

Ụdị ahụ gụnyere ma osisi na-eto eto na nke na-eto n'afọ, yana obere osisi nwere ụdị dị iche iche. Aha a sitere na aha Grik ἰβίσκος (*ibískos*) nke Pedanius Dioscorides nyere *Althaea officinalis* (c. 40 - 90 AD).

A na-akụ ọtụtụ ụdị dị iche iche dị ka osisi ịchọ mma, ọkachasị *Hibiscus syriacus* na *Hibiscus rosa-sinensis*.

A maara tii e ji okooko osisi hibiscus mee n'ọtụtụ aha gburugburu ụwa ma na-aṅu ya ma mgbe ọ dị ọkụ ma mgbe ọ na-ajụ oyi. A maara ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ maka ụcha ọbara ọbara ya, ụtọ ọ na-atọ, na vitamin C.

## Nkọwa
Akwụkwọ ya na-agbanwe agbanwe, ovate na lanceolate, na-enwekarị ezé ma ọ bụ lobed margin (dentate). Okooko osisi ndị ahụ buru ibu, ọ pụtara ìhè, dị ka opi, o nwere mbara fulawa ise ma ọ bụ karịa, o nwere agba sitere na ọcha ruo ọbara ọbara, acha anụnụ anụnụ, piich, edo edo ma ọ bụ purple. O na-enwe sentimita anọ wee ruo sentimita iri na asatọ n'obosara.
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Pollen_grain_of_Hibiscus.jpg/220px-Pollen_grain_of_Hibiscus.jpg|thumb|Ifuru osisi
Agba okooko osisi n'ụdị ụfọdụ, dị ka *H*. mutabilis na H. tiliaceus, na-agbanwe na afọ. Mkpụrụ osisi ahụ bụ capsule kpọrọ nkụ nke nwere lobes ise, nke nwere ọtụtụ mkpụrụ na lobes ọ bụla, nke a na-ahapụ mgbe capsule dehisces (na-emeghe) mgbe ọ tozuru. Ọ na-acha uhie uhie na ọcha. Ọ bụ ihe atụ nke okooko osisi zuru oke.
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Hibiscus_Flower%27s_Life_Cycle_Stages.jpg/700px-Hibiscus_Flower%27s_Life_Cycle_Stages.jpg|center|thumb|700x700px|Usoro ndụ nke okooko osisi
thumb|Oge okooko osisi Hibiscus na-ama abuba

## Ụdị dị iche iche
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Bunga_raya_belum_kembang.jpg/220px-Bunga_raya_belum_kembang.jpg|thumb|Mkpụrụ osisi
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Hujung_bunga_raya_merah.jpg/220px-Hujung_bunga_raya_merah.jpg|thumb|Ifuru
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Yellow_Hibiscus%2B_%28110014928%29.jpg/220px-Yellow_Hibiscus%2B_%28110014928%29.jpg|thumb|Hibiscus na-acha edo edo bụ okooko osisi steeti nke Hawaii, ọ bụ ezie na hibiscus a na-ahụkarị na steeti ahụ bụ ''Hibiscus rosa-sinensis''.
N'ógbè ndị dị jụụ, ma eleghị anya ụdị ihe ịchọ mma a na-ahụkarị bụ *Hibiscus syriacus*, hibiscus ndị a na-ahụkarị n'ụbị, nke a makwaara n'ebe ụfọdụ dị ka "rose nke Althea" ma ọ bụ "rose nke Sharon" (ma a gaghị ejikọta ya na *Hypericum calycinum* na-enweghị njikọ, nke a na-akpọkwa "rose nke Sharon"). N'ebe okpomọkụ na mpaghara okpomọkụ, hibiscus nke China (H. rosa-sinensis), ya na ọtụtụ ngwakọta ya, bụ hibiscus kachasị ewu ewu.

A maara ọtụtụ narị ụdị, nke gụnyere:
**[[Hibiscus abelmoschus]]* L. synonym of *[[Abelmoschus moschatus]]* Medik.
**[[Hibiscus abelmoschus]]* var. *betulifolius* Mast. synonym of *[[Abelmoschus moschatus]]* Medik.
**[[Hibiscus abelmoschus]]* var. *genuinus* Hochr. synonym of *[[Abelmoschus moschatus]]* Medik.
**[[Hibiscus laevis abutiloides]]* Willd. synonym of *[[Talipariti tiliaceum]]* var. *pernambucense* (Arruda) Fryxell
**[[Hibiscus abyssinicus]]* Steud. (unresolved)
**[[Hibiscus acapulcensis]]* Fryxell
**[[Hibiscus acerifolius]]* Salisb. (unresolved)
**[[Hibiscus acerifolius]]* DC. (unresolved)
**[[Hibiscus acetosaefolius]]* DC. (unresolved)
**[[Hibiscus acetosella]]* Welw. ex Hiern. false roselle
**[[Hibiscus acicularis]]*
**[[Hibiscus aculeatus]]*—comfortroot
**[[Hibiscus aethiopicus]]* L.
**[[Hibiscus altissimus]]*
**[[Hibiscus andongensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus angolensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus aponeurus]]*
**[[Hibiscus archeri]]*—Archer's hibiscus
**[[Hibiscus aridicola]]*
**[[Hawaiian hibiscus|Hibiscus arnottianus]]* A.Gray—*kokiʻo ʻula* (Hawaii)
**[[Hibiscus asper]]*—bush roselle
**[[Hibiscus austroyunnanensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus barbosae]]*
**[[Hibiscus benguellensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus berberidifolius]]*
**[[Hibiscus bernieri]]*
**[[Hibiscus bifurcatus]]*—fork-bracted rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus biseptus]]*—Arizona rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus bojerianus]]*
**[[Hibiscus boryanus]]*—foulsapate marron
**[[Hibiscus brackenridgei]]* A.Gray—Hawaiian hibiscus *maʻo hau hele*
**[[Hibiscus burtt-davyi]]*
**[[Hibiscus caerulescens]]*
**[[Hibiscus caesius]]*—dark-eyed hibiscus (South Africa)
**[[Hibiscus calyphyllus]]*—lemonyellow rosemallow (tropical Africa)
**[[Hibiscus cameronii]]*—Cameron's hibiscus, pink hibiscus
**[[Hibiscus cannabinus]]* L.—Kenaf
**[[Hibiscus castroi]]*
**[[Hibiscus cisplatinus]]*—rosa del rio
**[[Hibiscus citrinus]]*
**[[Hibiscus clayi]]* O.Deg. & I.Deg.— Hawaiian red hibiscus (Hawaii)
**[[Hibiscus clypeatus]]*—Congo mahoe
**[[Hibiscus coccineus]]* (Medik.) Walter—scarlet rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus colimensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus columnaris]]*—mahot rempart
**[[Hibiscus comoensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus congestiflorus]]*
**[[Hibiscus costatus]]*
**[[Hibiscus coulteri]]*—desert rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus cuanzensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus dasycalyx]]*—Neches River rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus denudatus]]* Benth.—pale face (Southwestern United States, Northwestern Mexico)
**[[Hibiscus dimidiatus]]*
**[[Hibiscus dioscorides]]*  (Yemen)
**[[Hibiscus diplocrater]]*
**[[Hibiscus diriffan]]* A.G.Mill. (Yemen)
**[[Hibiscus diversifolius]]*—swamp hibiscus
**[[Hibiscus dongolensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus donianus]]*
**[[Hibiscus elatus]]*—mahoe
**[[Hibiscus elegans]]*
**[[Hibiscus engleri]]*—wild hibiscus
**[[Hibiscus escobariae]]*
**[[Hibiscus excellii]]*
**[[Hibiscus ferrugineus]]*
**[[Hibiscus ficalhoanus]]*
**[[Hibiscus flavoroseus]]*
**[[Hibiscus fragilis]]* DC.—mandrinette (Mascarene Islands)
**[[Hibiscus fragrans]]*
**[[Hibiscus fritzscheae]]*
**[[Hibiscus fugosioides]]*
**[[Hibiscus furcellatus]]* Desr.—lindenleaf rosemallow (Caribbean, Florida, Central America, South America, Hawaii)
**[[Hibiscus fuscus]]*
**[[Hibiscus genevii]]* Bojer (Mauritius)
**[[Hibiscus gilletii]]*
**[[Hibiscus gossweileri]]*
**[[Hibiscus grandidieri]]*
**[[Hibiscus grandiflorus]]* Michx.—swamp rosemallow (Southeastern United States)
**[[Hibiscus grandistipulatus]]*
**[[Hibiscus grewiifolius]]*
**[[Hibiscus hamabo]]*
**[[Hibiscus hastatus]]*
**[[Hibiscus heterophyllus]]*—native rosella
**[[Hibiscus hirtus]]*—lesser mallow
**[[Hibiscus hispidissimus]]*
**[[Hibiscus huellensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus hybridus]]*
**[[Hibiscus indicus]]*
**[[Hibiscus insularis]]* Endl.—Phillip Island hibiscus (Phillip Island)
**[[Hibiscus integrifolius]]*
**[[Hibiscus jaliscensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus kochii]]*
**[[Hibiscus kokio]]*—red rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus labordei]]*
**[[Hibiscus laevis]]* All. (=*H. militaris*)—halberd-leaved rosemallow (central and eastern North America)
**[[Hibiscus lasiocarpos]]*—woolly rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus lasiococcus]]*
**[[Hibiscus lavaterioides]]*
**[[Hibiscus laxiflorus]]*
**[[Hibiscus leptocladus]]* ([Northwest Australia])
**[[Hibiscus leviseminus]]*
**[[Hibiscus lilacinus]]*—lilac hibiscus
**[[Hibiscus liliiflorus]]*—Rodrigues tree hibiscus
**[[Hibiscus longifolius]]*
**[[Hibiscus longisepalus]]*
**[[Hibiscus ludwigii]]*
**[[Hibiscus lunariifolius]]*
**[[Hibiscus macilwraithensis]]* - Australia
**[[Hibiscus macrogonus]]*
**[[Hibiscus macrophyllus]]*—largeleaf rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus macropodus]]*
**[[Hibiscus makinoi]]*—Okinawan hibiscus
**[[Hibiscus malacophyllus]]* Balf.f. (Yemen)
**[[Hibiscus malacospermus]]*
**[[Hibiscus martianus]]*— heartleaf rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus mesnyi]]* Pierre ex Laness. (Vietnam endemic)
**[[Hibiscus moscheutos]]* L.—crimsoneyed rosemallow (Central and Eastern North America)
**[[Hibiscus mutabilis]]* L.—cotton rosemallow, Confederate rose (East Asia)
**[[Hibiscus paramutabilis]]*
**[[Hibiscus pedunculatus]]*
**[[Hibiscus phoeniceus]]*—Brazilian rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus platanifolius]]*
**[[Hibiscus pusillus]]* Thunb. -bladderweed
**[[Hibiscus quattenensis]]*
**[[Hibiscus poeppigii]]*—Poeppig's rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus radiatus]]*—monarch rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus rosa-sinensis]]* L.—Chinese hibiscus (East Asia)
**[[Roselle (plant)|Hibiscus sabdariffa]]* L.—roselle, omutete, or sorrel
**[[Hibiscus schizopetalus]]*—fringed rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus scottii]]*
**[[Hibiscus socotranus]]*
**[[Hibiscus sinosyriacus]]*
**[[Hibiscus splendens]]*
**[[Hibiscus stenanthus]]* Balf.f. (Yemen)
**[[Hibiscus striatus]]*—striped rosemallow
**[[Hibiscus sturtii]] <small>[[Australia]]</small>
**Hibiscus syriacus* <small>L.</small> (type species)—rose of Sharon ([[Asia]])
**Hibiscus taiwanensis S.Y. Hu*
**Hibiscus tiliaceus* <small>L.</small>—sea hibiscus ([[Australia]], [[Southeast Asia]], [[Oceania]])
**Hibiscus tozerensis* - <small>[[Australia]]</small>
**Hibiscus trilobus*—threelobe rosemallow
**Hibiscus trionum* <small>L.</small>—flower-of-an-hour
**Hibiscus vitifolius*—tropical rose mallow
**Hibiscus waimeae* <small>[[Amos Arthur Heller|A.Heller]]</small>—*kokiʻo keʻokeʻo* (Hawaii)

=== A na-etinye ya n'oge gara aga na ụdị ===
**Abelmoschus esculentus* <small>(L.) Moench</small> (as *H. esculentus* <small>L.</small>)
**Abelmoschus ficulneus* <small>(L.) Wight & Arn.</small> (as *H. ficulneus* <small>L.</small>)
*[[Abelmoschus manihot|*Abelmoschus manihot* subsp. *manihot*]] (as *H.  manihot* <small>L.</small>)
*[[Abelmoschus manihot|*Abelmoschus manihot* var. *pungens*]] <small>(Roxb.) Hochr.</small> (as *H. pungens* <small>Roxb.</small>)
*[[Abelmoschus manihot|*Abelmoschus manihot* var. *tetraphyllus*]] <small>(Roxb. ex Hornem.) Borss. Waalk.</small> (as *H. tetraphyllus* <small>Roxb. ex Hornem.</small>)
*[[Abelmoschus moschatus|*Abelmoschus moschatus* subsp. *moschatus*]] (as *H. abelmoschus* <small>L.</small>)
*[[Abelmoschus moschatus|*Abelmoschus moschatus* subsp. *tuberosus*]] <small>(Span.) Borss. Waalk.</small> (as *H.  sagittifolius* <small>Kurz</small>)
**Alyogyne cuneiformis* <small>(DC.) Lewton</small> (as *H. cuneiformis* <small>DC.</small>)
**Alyogyne hakeifolia* <small>(Giord.) Alef.</small> (as *H. hakeifolius* <small>Giord.</small>)
**Alyogyne huegelii* <small>(Endl.) Fryxell</small> (as *H. wrayae* <small>Lindl.</small>)
**Alyogyne pinoniana* <small>(Gaudich.) Fryxell</small> (as *H. pinonianus* <small>Gaudich.</small>)
**Firmiana simplex* <small>(L.) [[William Franklin Wight|W.Wight]]</small> (as *H. simplex* <small>L.</small>)
*[[Lagunaria|*Lagunaria patersonia* subsp. *patersonia*]] (as *H. patersonius* <small>Andrews</small>)
**Kosteletzkya adoensis* <small>(Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Mast.</small> (as *H. adoensis* <small>Hochst. ex A.Rich.</small>)
**Kosteletzkya pentacarpos* <small>(L.) Ledeb.</small> (as *H. pentacarpos* <small>L.</small>)
**Kosteletzkya tubiflora* <small>(DC.) Blanch. & McVaugh</small> (as *H. tubiflorus* <small>DC.</small>)
**Kosteletzkya virginica* <small>(L.) C.Presl ex A.Gray</small> (as *H. virginicus* <small>L.</small>)
**Pavonia arabica* <small>Hochst. & Steud. ex Boiss.</small> (as *H. flavus* <small>Forssk.</small>)
**Pavonia spinifex* <small>(L.) Cav.</small> (as *H. spinifex* <small>L.</small>)
**Radyera farragei* <small>(F.Muell.) Fryxell & S.H.Hashmi</small> (as *H. farragei* <small>F.Muell.</small>)
**Thespesia lampas* <small>(Cav.) Dalzell</small> (as *H. lampas* <small>Cav.</small>)
**Thespesia populnea* <small>(L.) Sol. ex Corrêa</small> (as *H. populneoides* <small>Roxb.</small> or *H. populneus* <small>L.</small>)

== Ojiji ==
[[Usòrò:Hawaiian_Flower.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Hawaiian_Flower.JPG/220px-Hawaiian_Flower.JPG|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|*Hibiscus arnottianus* na-acha ọcha na Hawaii]]
[[Usòrò:Hibiscus_Madonna.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Hibiscus_Madonna.jpg/220px-Hibiscus_Madonna.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|(Giant) *Hibiscus rosa-sinensis* 'Madonna' nke okpomọkụ]]
[[Usòrò:Hibiscus_hirtus_Lesser_Mallow_flower_Yeleswaram_EastGodavari.JPG|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Hibiscus_hirtus_Lesser_Mallow_flower_Yeleswaram_EastGodavari.JPG/220px-Hibiscus_hirtus_Lesser_Mallow_flower_Yeleswaram_EastGodavari.JPG|thumb|*Hibiscus hirtus*]]
[[Usòrò:Hibiscus_lobatus_(Lahan_Jaswand)_in_Hyderabad,_AP_W_IMG_9075.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Hibiscus_lobatus_%28Lahan_Jaswand%29_in_Hyderabad%2C_AP_W_IMG_9075.jpg/220px-Hibiscus_lobatus_%28Lahan_Jaswand%29_in_Hyderabad%2C_AP_W_IMG_9075.jpg|thumb|*Hibiscus lobatus*]]
[[Usòrò:Hibiscus_hispidissimus_at_Kadavoor.jpg|link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Hibiscus_hispidissimus_at_Kadavoor.jpg/220px-Hibiscus_hispidissimus_at_Kadavoor.jpg|thumb|*Hibiscus hispidissimus*]]

=== Ịma Mma Ala ===
A na-akụ ọtụtụ ụdị maka [[Ìfulū|okooko osisi]] ha mara mma ma ọ bụ jiri ya mee ihe dị ka obere osisi, a na-ejikwa ya adọta urukurubụba, aṅụ, na hummingbirds.

Hibiscus bụ osisi siri ike, nke na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche ma n'ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ọ nwere ike iweputa ima mma nke ogige ọ bụla. N'ịbụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche, ọ na-eme ka onwe ya ọ bụrụ ihe e nwere ike izụlite ogige mbara ụlọ n'ime obodo ndị jupụtara na ya ma nwee ike ịzụlite ya n'ụzọ dị mfe n'ime ite dị ka onye na-agba ọsọ ma ọ bụ ọbụna n'ime arịa kwụ ọtọ. Ọ bụ osisi na-adịgide adịgide ma na-agbasa okooko osisi n'afọ niile. Dị ka ọ na-abịa n'ụdị dịgasị iche iche, ọ bụ osisi nke nwere ike ịgbakwunye ume na ubi ọ bụla.

Nanị ọrịa nke ndị na-elekọta ubi kwesịrị ịkpachara anya bụ ihe a kpọrọ mealybugs. Ọ dị mfe ịhụ ọrịa Mealybug n'ihi na a na-ahụ ha n'ụzọ doro anya dị ka ọrịa cottony na-acha ọcha na buds, akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ọbụna ogwe osisi. Iji chebe osisi ahụ, ị ga-ewepụ akụkụ ahụ butere ọrịa, jiri mmiri fesa ya, ma tinye ọgwụ ahụhụ kwesịrị ekwesị.

=== Akwụkwọ ===
Otu ụdị Hibiscus, nke a maara dị ka kenaf (*Hibiscus* cannabinus), a na-eji ya eme akwụkwọ.

=== Ụdọ na owuwu ===
A na-eji mkpo dị n'ime nke hibiscus oké osimiri (*Hibiscus tiliaceus*), nke a na-akpọkwa 'hau', eme na Polynesia maka ime eriri, na osisi maka ime ụgbọ mmiri na-ese n'elu mmiri. A na-eme eriri dị n'ụgbọ mmiri ozi ala ọzọ *Messenger of Peace* site na eriri sitere na osisi hibiscus.

=== Ihe ọṅụṅụ ===
E ji ọtụtụ aha mara tii e ji calyces nke *Hibiscus sabdariffa* mee n'ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa ma na-aṅụ ya mgbe ọ dị ọkụ ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ na-ajụ oyi. A maara ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ nke ọma maka ụcha ọbara ọbara ya, ilu na ụtọ pụrụ iche. Tụkwasị na nke a, ọ na-edozi ahụ nke ukwuu n'ihi vitamin C ya.

A maara ya dị ka *bissap* na West Africa, "Gul e Khatmi" na Urdu & Persian, agua de jamaica na Mexico na Central America (okooko osisi bụ flor de jamaica) na *Orhul* na India. Ụfọdụ na-ezo aka na ya dị ka *roselle*, aha a na-ahụkarị maka okooko osisi hibiscus. Na [[Jamaikạ|Jamaica]], Trinidad na ọtụtụ agwaetiti ndị ọzọ dị na Caribbean, a maara ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ dị ka sorrel (*Hibiscus sabdariffa*; ka a ghara ịgbagwoju ya anya na *Rumex acetosa*, ụdị na-ekerịta aha a na-akpọ *sorrel*). Na Ghana, a maara ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ dị ka *soobolo* n'otu n'ime asụsụ obodo.

Na Cambodia, enwere ike ịkwadebe ihe ọṅụṅụ oyi site na itinye petals na mmiri ọkụ ruo mgbe a na-esi na petals gbapụta agba, wee tinye mmiri lime (nke na-agbanwe ihe ọṅụṅụ ahụ site na nchara ma ọ bụ ọbara ọbara gaa na ọbara ọbara), ihe na-atọ ụtọ (shụga/mmanụ aṅụ) na n'ikpeazụ mmiri oyi/kpụrụkpụrụ mmiri.

N'Ijipt na Sudan, a maara tii hibiscus dị ka *karkadé* (كركیه), a na-aṅụ ya dị ka ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ekpo ọkụ na nke oyi.

Hibiscus (nke a makwaara na Sri Lanka dị ka okooko osisi akpụkpọ ụkwụ, සපත්තු මල, වද මල n'asụsụ Sinhalese) bụ ihe nwere ihe nketa bara ọgaranya nke ndị Lankans na-enye ume ọhụrụ. Mkpụrụ osisi ọhụrụ, ice tii na syrups e ji okooko osisi Hibiscus mee bụ ihe oriri a ma ama n'etiti ndị Sri Lanka.

=== Nri ===
A na-eri hibiscus a mịrị amị, ọ na-abụkarịkwa nri dị ụtọ na Mexico. A pụkwara ime ya ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-atọ ụtọ ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka ihe ịchọ mma, ọ na-abụkarị maka nri ndị e ji esi nri.

A na-eji roselle (*Hibiscus sabdariffa*) eme ihe dị ka akwụkwọ nri.
A na-ahụ ụdị *Hibiscus suratensis* Linn nke ya na *Hibiscus aculeatus* G. Don na Visayas na Philippines dị ka ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ maka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akwụkwọ nri na menus niile dị n'ógbè ahụ. A maara dị ka labog na mpaghara Visayan (ma ọ bụ labuag / sapinit na Tagalog), ụdị ahụ bụ ihe eji esi nri ofe ọkụkọ.

A na-eji ụdị *Hibiscus* dị ka osisi nri site na igurube nke ụfọdụ ụdị lepidopteran, gụnyere *Chionodes hibiscella*, *Hypercompe hambletoni*, nutmeg moth, na turnip moth.

=== Ọgwụ ọdịnala ===
A na-akọwa *Hibiscus rosa-sinensis* dị ka nke nwere ọtụtụ ọgwụ na Ayurveda India.

=== Mmetụta a na-ekwu na ọ na-emetụta ọbara mgbali elu ===
A na-azọrọ na tii na-esi ísì ụtọ sitere na *Hibiscus sabdariffa* nwere ike belata ọbara mgbali elu.

=== Nlezianya na ihe mgbochi ===

==== Ime na inye nwa ara ====
Ọ bụ ezie na a ghọtachaghị usoro ahụ nke ọma, ọmụmụ anụmanụ gara aga egosila ma mmetụta mgbochi nke H. sabdariffa na ụda uru ahụ na mmetụta mgbochi ọmụmụ nke *Hibiscus rosa-sinensis*, n'otu n'otu. E gosipụtara na i*h*e a na-ewepụta na H. sabdariffa na-akpali mkpụmkpụ nke ụfụfụ na akpa nwa; ihe a na'ewepụta na-egosi mmetụta mgbochi afọ ime n'ụdị ọrụ estrogen na òké. A hụbeghị nchọpụta ndị a n'ime ụmụ mmadụ. A na-eche na *Hibiscus rosa-sinensis* nwere mmetụta emmenagogue nke nwere ike ịkpali ịhụ nsọ na, n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ụfọdụ, na-akpata [[Iwepu afọ ime|ite ime]]. N'ihi mmetụta ọjọọ edere na ọmụmụ anụmanụ na ihe ndị a kọrọ na ha nwere ọgwụ, anaghị atụ aro H. sabdariffa na H. rosa-sinensis maka iji ya mee ihe n'oge [[Afọ ime|ime ime]].

==== Mmekọrịta ọgwụ ọjọọ ====
A na-ekwu na H. sabdariffa na diclofenac, chloroquine na acetaminophen na-emekọrịta ihe site n'ịgbanwe pharmacokinetics. N'ime ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nwere ahụike, a chọpụtara na ihe H. sabdariffa na-ewepụta na-ebelata nsị nke diclofenac mgbe a na-enye ya. Tụkwasị na nke a, a chọpụtara na nchịkwa nke Karkade (H. sabdariffa), ihe ọṅụṅụ Sudanese a na-ahụkarị, na-ebelata chloroquine bioavailability. Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama a hụrụ na pharmacokinetics nke acetaminophen mgbe a na-enye ya na ihe ọṅụṅụ Zobo (H. sabdariffa). A chọrọ nyocha ndị ọzọ iji gosipụta mkpa ahụike dị.

== Ihe nnọchianya na omenala ==
Hibiscus na-acha ọbara ọbara bụ okooko osisi nke chi nwanyị [[Okpukpe Hindu|Hindu]] Kali, ọ na-apụta ugboro ugboro n'ihe ngosi ya na nka nke Bengal, India, mgbe mgbe na chi nwanyị na okooko osisi na-agwakọta n'ụdị. A na-eji hibiscus eme ihe dị ka onyinye nye Kali na chi Ganesha na ofufe Hindu.

Na Philippines, ụmụaka na-eji *gumamela* (aha obodo maka hibiscus) eme ihe dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ntụrụndụ na-eme ka efere. A na-egbutu okooko osisi na akwụkwọ ruo mgbe mmiri na-arapara n'ahụ pụtara. A na-etinyezi ogwe papaya dị n'ime nke a ma jiri ya mee ihe dị ka ahịhịa maka ịfụ ụfụfụ. Tinyere ncha, mmiri hibiscus na-emepụta ọtụtụ efere. A na-akpọkwa ya "Tarukanga" na Waray, ọkachasị na mpaghara Eastern Samar.

Ụmụ agbọghọ Tahiti na Hawaiian na-eyi okooko osisi hibiscus. Ọ bụrụ na a na-eyi okooko osisi ahụ n'azụ ntị aka ekpe, nwanyị ahụ lụrụ di ma ọ bụ nwee enyi nwoke. Ọ bụrụ na a na-eyi okooko osisi ahụ n'aka nri, ọ bụ naanị ya ma ọ bụ n'ihu ọha maka mmekọrịta. Hibiscus na-acha odo odo bụ okooko osisi steeti Hawaii.

Onye edemede Naijiria bụ [[Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie]] kpọrọ akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya Purple *Hibiscus* n'aha okooko osisi ahụ.

Akpụkpọ ahụ nke hibiscus nwere eriri bast siri ike nke enwere ike inweta site na ịhapụ akpụkpọ ahụ e wepụrụ n'oké osimiri ka ihe ndị dị ndụ ree.

=== Dị ka ihe nnọchianya mba na nke steeti ===
Hibiscus bụ ihe nnọchianya mba nke Haiti, na okooko osisi mba nke mba dị iche iche nke gụnyere Solomon Islands na Niue. *Hibiscus syriacus* bụ okooko osisi mba nke South Korea, na *Hibiscus rosa-sinensis* bụ okooko mmiri mba nke [[Malaysia]]. *Hibiscus brackenridgei'' bụ okooko osisi steeti nke Hawaii.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga
*American Hibiscus Society (AHS)
*Australian Hibiscus Society
*International Hibiscus Society
*Vicki J. Coldwell Plant and care Hibiscus
*Foundation for Revitalisation of Local Health Traditions

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations