open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Suki Lee

**Suki Lee** bụ onye America na-emepụta egwuregwu vidio na onye na-eme mmemme kọmputa. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ole na ole na-emepe emepe na Atari, Inc. na mbido afọ 1980 ebe o dere egwuregwu agụmakwụkwọ *Math* Gran Prix maka Atari 2600 (1982) na *Obelix* (1983) maka otu usoro ahụ. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa ọrụ na Apple Computer.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Lee nwetara nzere bachelọ ya na Mahadum San Jose State na isi na injinia n'ozuzu.

## Ọrụ
Atari were Lee n'ọrụ mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kọleji n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ afọ 1981. Ọ nọ ebe ahụ ruo 1984, mgbe ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ maka Cadtrak Corporation na-emepụta interface onye ọrụ ngwanrọ maka nhazi ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Apple site na 1986 ruo 1997, mgbe e mesịrị ọ gara rụọ ọrụ na Palm, eCircle na WebTV ruo 1997. Na ngwụcha afọ 2002, ọ gbara arụkwaghịm ma gaa n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na Apple.

## Egwuregwu

* *Math* Grand Prix (Atari 2600, 1982)
* *Obelix* (1984)

### A na-ebipụtabeghị ya

* Speedboat nke Donald Duck (1982)
* *Agbamakwụkwọ Miss Piggy* (1983)

## Mmetụta ọdịbendị
Ihe osise ahụ bụ Lee: The Hidden Pastis nke Linda Lai, Yifan Lin na Amanda Zhu sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke egwuregwu Donald Duck's Speedboat.

## Ebensidee

## Njikọ mpụga

 

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Catherine Nakalembe

**Catherine Nakalembe** bụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ maka ihe dịpụrụ adịpụ na ọbọdọ Uganda na onye na-eme nchọpụta na Mahadum Maryland (UMD) na Ngalaba Sayensị Geographical na NASA Harvest Africa program Director. Nnyocha ya gụnyere ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, ọrụ ugbo na nchekwa nri.

N'afọ 2020, e nyere Nakalembe onyinye nri Afrika.

## Nkwanye ùgwù na onyinye
Ọ natara onyinye Group on Earth Observations nke mbụ onyinyé nke onye kacha mma na afo 2019.

Ọ bụ onye nrite nke ihe onyinyé 2020 UMD Research Excellence Honoree. N'afọ 2022, ọ natara ihe nrite  jubilii ọla edo nke Ugandan (onye nkịtị). Onye isi ala Yoweri Museveni nyere ya nne na nna ya.

## Ndụ onye
Nakalembe lụrụ Sebastian Deffner, onye osote prọfesọ nke Physics na Mahadum Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC).
Ha nwere ụmụ abụọ.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Catherine Nakalembe na NASA Harvest
* Publications by Catherine Nakalembe at ResearchGate
* Ajụjụ ọnụ na Project Geospatial, 13 Mars 2020
* Profaịlụ na BBC News, 27 Dec 2020

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ndị na-eme njem nlegharị anya

SustyVibes bụ òtù na-enweghị uru nke nwere ìgwè **ndị** ntorobịa na-elekwasị anya na gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ ihu igwe. Site na nkwado nke ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo, ọ na-eme mkpọsa na ọrụ gafee ọtụtụ steeti na Naịjirịa na Ghana.

Mgbasa ozi na ọrụ ndị SustyVibes na-eme na-elekwasị anya na nsogbu ụwa na mpaghara dịka mgbanwe ihu igwe, ihu igwe na ahụike uche, mmetọ plastik, eco-feminism, mmepe ndị ntorobịa, na ọdịbendị na-ewu ewu. SustyVibes (mbido maka Sustainability Vibes) na-arụ ọrụ na Lagos, Nigeria.

SustyVibes nwere ihe karịrị ndị otu 700 na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo (nke a na-akpọ 'SustyVibers').

N'etiti atụmatụ ndị otu sustyVibes na-eme bụ ịkụ osisi, nhicha obodo, na ọmụmụ ihe agụmakwụkwọ gbasara ike na-agbanwe agbanwe na ndụ na-adịgide adịgide.

Na mgbakwunye na mmemme obodo ya, SustyVibes na-eme nchọpụta na ọrụ nkwado iji mee ka a mara banyere nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na Naịjirịa ma na-atụ aro ngwọta maka iza ha. Nzukọ ahụ esorowo ndị NGO ndị ọzọ na ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị na-arụkọ ọrụ na atụmatụ dị iche iche.
N'afọ 2022, onye guzobere SustyVibes Jennifer Uchendu gara nzukọ mgbanwe ihu igwe nke United Nations na 2022 na Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt. N'afọ 2022, akpọrọ Uchendu otu n'ime 'Top 20 Young Women in Sustainable Development' site n'aka Young Women in sustainable Development.

## Ntụaka
 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị
2015 Idei mmiri nke Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Africa

Idei mmiri nke **2015** Southeast Africa, nke nwere akụkụ ụfọdụ metụtara Cyclone Bansi na Tropical Storm Chedza, gburu ma ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ 176 na Malawi, 86 na Mozambique, na ma ọ dị ala mmadụ 46 na Madagascar n'ime otu izu ka ọ na-ahapụ ọtụtụ narị ndị ọzọ na-efu efu. Onye isi ala Malawi Saulos Chilima kwuru na ihe karịrị mmadụ 200,000 Malawi agbaala ọsọ n'ihi idei mmiri ahụ. Ihe dị ka mmadụ 400,000 nke Afrịka agbaala ọsọ n'ozuzu ya, a kwupụtakwara na mmadụ 153 efuola.

Iju mmiri malitere na Jenụwarị 14, 2015, na-ebelata na njedebe nke ọnwa.  N'ihi idei mmiri ahụ, ala ndị dị n'ebe ụfọdụ juru eju ma bute ala, butere ọnwụ karịa.  Edere mmiri ozuzo ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Africa dị ka 150% dị elu karịa ka ọ na-adị, na idei mmiri ruru hectare 63,000 na mkpokọta.  Site na nyocha ọtụtụ afọ, a na-ekwu na Africa gosipụtara usoro mmiri ozuzo dị mgbagwoju anya, na-akpata ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na idei mmiri n'otu oge.  Ọtụtụ n'ime mmebi sitere na oge mmiri ozuzo 2014-2015 nwere ike ịsị na ọ bụ mmetụta El Niño.

## Mmetụta site na mba
thumb|Oké Ifufe Tropical Chedza na Jenụwarị 16, 2015
thumb|Osimiri jupụtara ma na-acha nchara nchara na sediment n'ihi Tropical Storm Chedza

 

### Malawi
Izu abụọ nke nnukwu mmiri ozuzo gburu mmadụ 176 ma kpatara US $ 450 nde na mmebi, ma ọ bụ ihe dịka 10% nke GDP mba ahụ.

## Ihe odide

Òtù:Mgbanwe ihu igwe
Calix Limited

**Calix Limited** bụ ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ Australia nke isi teknụzụ ya bụ "ọkụ" e wuru na Bacchus Marsh nke na-emepụta "mmanụ aṅụ mineral". Nkà na ụzụ Calix gụnyere ọrụ na ijide CO2 iji dozie nsogbu nkwado zuru ụwa ọnụ n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ gụnyere ọgwụgwọ mmiri, aquaculture, nchekwa ike dị elu na mmepụta simenti / lime.

## Ngwaahịa
Ngwaahịa Calix gụnyere ACTI-Mag, BOOSTER-Mag na AQUA-Cal+.

* ACTI-Mag - Nchịkwa mmiri mkpofu
* AQUA-Cal+ - Ọrụ ugbo aquaculture na-adịgide adịgide, ọdọ mmiri & mgbochi ọdọ mmiri
* BOOSTER-Mag - Nchebe ihe ọkụkụ

Mmalite nke Calix malitere na 2005, site na ọrụ na ọkụ ọkụ. N'afọ 2007, e wuru ụlọ ọrụ calciner mbụ ha iji nwalee ihe ga-ekwe omume na ụlọ ọrụ calcener CFC 850 guzosiri ike na Bacchus Marsh n'afọ 2011. N'afọ 2012, Calix nwetara ụlọ ndị na-egwupụta ihe na Myrtle Springs, South Australia. N'etiti afọ 2013 na 2017 Calix guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na South East Asia ma nweta ọtụtụ onyinye na ego maka teknụzụ dịgasị iche iche na-adịgide adịgide gụnyere nyocha Advanced Battery, na ngwa ọrụ ugbo. Calix depụtara n'ihu ọha na Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) na 2018 na nhazi ya na LEILAC lime & ciment enweghị mmetụta dị ala ) na Europe, malitere iwu ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka nnwale na Lixhe, Belgium. N'afọ 2019, Calix nwetara ụlọ ọrụ US Inland Emperior Resources

## Ọrụ LEILAC
Calix bụ onye mmekọ dị mkpa na, ma na-enye isi teknụzụ maka, Ihe oru ngo LEILAC (Mgbapụta dị ala lime enweghị uche & Cement), dị ka akụkụ nke Horizon 2020, mmemme nke European Commission guzobere.

## Ihe ọmụma ego
Calix Limited bụ ụlọ ọrụ ọha na eze Australia edepụtara na Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) na 2018. Tupu ndepụta ya, ndị na-etinye ego gụnyere Och-Ziff Capital Management Group na Washington H Soul Pattinson kwadoro Calix. Kemgbe a tọrọ ntọala ya na 2005, Calix Limited etinyela ihe karịrị $ 40 nde iji zụọ ahịa teknụzụ na usoro ya.
Chief Heat Officer

**Onye isi ọrụ okpomọkụ**, ma ọ bụ **CHO**,bụ onye ọrụ gọọmentị ime obodo lekwasịrị anya n'ịlụso ihe egwu dị n'oke okpomoku ọgụ na ibelata mmetụta agwaetiti okpomọkụ nke obodo mepere emepe.

Obodo, mpaghara, na ụdị gọọmentị ime obodo ndị ọzọ na-ewe ọtụtụ ndị isi ọrụ okpomọkụ n'ọrụ. Ọnọdụ ahụ pụtara na mbido afọ nke 2020, na ọtụtụ obodo na ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ahọpụta ndị isi ọrụ okpomọkụ iji gbalịa ibelata mmetụta na-arịwanye elu nke mgbanwe ihu igwe site na ịbawanye ndò, na-enye ebe oyi, ịkụ osisi, na ịhazi ọrụ mgbochi okpomọkụ. E mepụtara ọkwa ndị ọrụ okpomọkụ mbụ na Los Angeles, Miami-Dade County, Melbourne, Athens, na Freetown. Ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ Adrienne Arsht-Rockefeller Foundation Resilience Center nke Atlantic Council haziri atụmatụ ịmepụta ọnọdụ ndị ahụ.

## Edensibia
Ụkpụrụ Brie

Brie Code bụ onye na-eme mmemme egwuregwu vidio AI, na-arụ ọrụ na Assassin's Creed, Child of Light, na #*SelfCare*. Ọ na-agba Tru Luv, ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu nke na-emepụta egwuregwu nnwale na-elekwasị anya na nlekọta na ihe odide.

## Oge ọ malitere
Brie tolitere n'ime ime obodo na mpụga Vancouver, British Columbia. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum nke British Columbia na Bachelor of Science na Computer Science na 2001.

## Ọrụ
Brie rụrụ ọrụ ọtụtụ afọ na Ubisoft Montreal, na-achịkwa ndị otu mmemme na egwuregwu dịka Assassin's Creed II. Ọ na-abụkarị naanị nwanyị nọ n'otu otu. Ọ haziri ndị ọrụ ibe ya ka ha chepụta atụmatụ dị iche iche. Egwuregwu ya na-enweta ihe nrite Child of Light gosipụtara nwanyị na-eme ihe nkiri na pasent 25 nke ụmụ nwanyị na-emepụta ihe.

Ugbu a, ọ na-arụ ọrụ egwuregwu a na-akpọ Tru Luv nke na-emepụta egwuregwu nnwale na-elekwasị anya na nlekọta na ihe odide. Na #*SelfCare*, ụlọ ihi ụra mebere emepe jupụtara na ọrụ ndị na-eme ka obi dị jụụ, dị ka ịgụ akwụkwọ, ilekọta osisi ma ọ bụ ịhazi ákwà site na agba. O kwuru "ihe kachasị mma egwuregwu nwere ike ime maka m: mee ka m chefuo ihe mere m ji were iwe". A kpọrọ aha #*SelfCare* na Appleş Best of 2018 Trends of the Year.

## Ebensidee

## Njikọ mpụga

* https://web.archive.org/web/20230404115346/https://truluv.ai/
* #SelfCare
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mgbanwe ihu igwe na Madagascar

alt=Satellite image of Madagascar with a large cyclone to the right of it in the ocean.|thumb|Foto Satellite nke Cyclone Batsirai na-eru nso Madagascar. A na-eme ka oké ifufe na-ekpo ọkụ na-esiwanye ike na obodo ahụ n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe.
Mgbanwe ihu igwe bụ nnukwu ihe egwu nye gburugburu ebe obibi na ndị obodo Madagascar. Mgbanwe ihu igwe emeela ka okpomọkụ dị elu, mee ka oge ọkọchị dị ogologo ma mekwaa ka oké ifufe na-ekpo ọkụ dị ike. A na-emetụta gburugburu ebe obibi pụrụ iche nke obodo ahụ, ndụ anụmanụ nakwa osisi. 

A na-atụ anya na mgbanwe ihu igwe ga-eweta mbelata nke coral reefs na ebe obibi nke ọhịa, ma na-eyikwa egwu ụdị ala dị ka lemurs. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ukwuu n'ihi mmetụta siri ike nye mmiri na ọrụ ugbo, na-emetụtakwa nchekwa nri. A na-atụkwa anya na ọrịa na-efe efe ga-abawanye. Madagascar bịanyere aka na nkwekọrịta nke Paris ma nwee mkpebi iweta mgbanwe ihu igwe, ọ bụ ezie na  ha na-enweta ịhe ịmaaka na mmejuputa ha n'ihi ịda ogbenye nke obodo ahụ.

## Mmetụta na gburugburu ebe obibi
alt=Bar chart showing blue lines below the x-axis, which change to red lines above the x-axis, representing increasing average annual temperature in Madagascar.|thumb|Mgbanwe okpomọkụ na Madagascar, 1901 ruo 2020
alt=Map of South Madagascar showing areas of reduced rainfall.|thumb|A na-enwe ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na Madagascar n'ihi mgbanwe ihu igwe.

## Hụkwa

## Edemsibịa
Lucy Gilbert

**Lucy Gilbert** bụ onye America na-eme mmemme kọmputa na onye na-emepụta egwuregwu vidio. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka Atari, Inc. site na General Computer Corporation ma mepụta ngwanrọ eserese kọmputa maka Autographix.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Gilbert gara MIT wee gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere abụọ. Thesis nke nna ya ukwu bụ maka kọmputa a na-ekesa site na iji Ada.

## Ọrụ
General Computer Corporation (GCC) were Gilbert n'ọrụ ozugbo ọ gụsịrị kọleji n'afọ 1983. N'ebe ahụ, ọ malitere inwe mmasị na eserese kọmputa. A hapụrụ ya ka ọ gaa otu afọ mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ma were ya n'ọrụ site na Autographix, ebe ọ gara n'ịsụgharị mkpụrụedemede, yana usoro ngosi buru ibu maka ọtụtụ ihuenyo.

N'afọ 1986, mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka Autographix, Gilbert so dee akwụkwọ Limitations of Synchronous Communication with Static Process Structure in Languages for Distributed Computing. Akwụkwọ ahụ na-enyocha echiche nke asụsụ mmemme maka mmemme a na-ekesa, na-eji njikọta ụfọdụ nke ụkpụrụ nkwurịta okwu na usoro usoro. Ọ na-atụ aro iji ma ọ bụ nkwurịta okwu na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ *ma ọ bụ* usoro usoro kwụ otu ebe, mana ọ bụghị ha abụọ, iji melite nkwekọrịta.

A chụrụ Gilbert n'ọrụ mgbe ọ mụsịrị nwa ya nke abụọ, mana ọ laghachiri ọrụ na 2008 na ụlọ ọrụ imewe weebụ nke ya.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Gilbert nwere ụmụ isii, ha niile na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ na-agụ akwụkwọ na isiokwu ndị metụtara STEM.
 

## Ebensidee

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akụkọ Lucy Gilbert na Atari Women 
Òtù:1960 births
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ebe Ọkọchị

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|220x220px|Ógbè ndị kpọrọ nkụ nke Western United States dị ka e depụtara n’ime1893 
 Mpaghara na-akpọ nkụ mgbe ọ na-enwechaghị mmiri dịnụ ruo n'ókè nke igbochi ma ọ bụ igbochi uto na mmepe nke ihe ọkụkụ na anụmanụ.Mpaghara ndị nwere ihu igwe kpọrọ nkụ anaghị enwe ahịhịa ma a na-akpọ ha xeric ma ọ bụ desert. Ọtụtụ ihu igwe kpọrọ nkụ na-agbasa na Equator; mpaghara ndị a gụnyere akụkụ Africa, Eshia, South America, North America, na Australia.

## Gbankwee ka Oge na-Aga
Nkesa aridity n'oge ọ bụla bụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi mgbasa nke ikuku. Nke ikpeazụ na-agbanwe nke ukwuu ka oge na-aga site na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Omumaatu mmụba okpomọkụ site na pasent 1.52.1 gafee Naịl Basin n'ime afọ 30 na-esote nwere ike ịgbanwe mpaghara ahụ site na ala kpọrọ nkụ gaa na ala kpọrọ mmiri, na-ebelata ala a ga-eji rụọ ọrụ ugbo. Na ngbakwunye ala eme ihe nwere ike ịbawanye mkpa maka mmiri ala ma si otú ahụ mee ka mmiri kpọọ nkụ.

## Hukwa

* Ụlọ Ọrụ Nnyocha Ọhịa kpọrọ nkụ
* Nkọwa nke oke mmiri ozuzo
* Ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke ọzara
* Ịnagide ịcha
* Oké ọkọchị
* Mmiri
* Mmetụta ikuku

## Ihe odide

* Griffiths, J. F. (1985) 'Climatology', Isi nke 2 na Handbook of Applied Meteorology, nke David D. Houghton, John Wiley and Sons dezi nkọwa,
* Durrenberger, R. W. (1987) 'Arid Climates', isiokwu dị na The *Encyclopedia* of Climatology, p. 92 Xing101, nke J. E. Oliver na R. W, Fairbridge dezigharịrị, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York,  .
* Stadler, S. J (1987) 'Aridity Indexes', isiokwu dị na The *Encyclopedia* of Climatology, p. 102X107, nke J. E. Oliver na R. W. Fairbridge dezigharịrị, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York,  .
* Blue Peace for the Nile Report, 2009, Strategic Foresight Group
Ihe Nri

alt= An image of decocted Chinese medicine 一貫煎 on snow, taken in the United States. The snow is on the border of a forest near a residential area, with a small lake in the background near trees.|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|155x155px|Nri ọgwụ ọdịnala nke ndị China
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Kọfị Turkish na-amalite ịgba. Decoction na-eji tụnyere ịṅụ kọfị site na percolation.
Decoction bụ usoro nke mwepụta site na isi ahịhịa ma ọ bụ ihe ọkụkụ (nke nwere ike ịgụnye ogwe osisi, mgbọrọgwụ, mkpo na rhizomes) iji gbazee kemịkal nke ihe ahụ. Ọ bụ usoro nkwadebe a na-ahụkarị na usoro ọgwụ ahịhịa dị iche iche. Decoction na-agụnye ibu ụzọ kpọọ ihe ọkụkụ ahụ; mgbe ahụ, ịkpụcha, ma ọ bụ belata ihe ahụ iji nye ohere maka oke ịgbaze; ma mesịa sie ya na mmiri iji wepụta mmanụ, ihe ndị na-agbaze agbaze na ihe ndị ọzọ dị iche iche. Mgbe ụfọdụ, enwere ike iji ethanol mmiri ma ọ bụ glycerol mee ihe kama iji mmiri. Enwere ike iji decoction mee tisanes, tinctures na ihe ngwọta ndị yiri ya. Decoctions na infusions nwere ike ịmepụta mmiri nwere ọdịdị kemịkal dị iche iche, dịka okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ ọdịiche dị na nkwadebe nwere ike ịkpata kemịkal ndị na-agbaze mmanụ na decoctions na ihe ndị na-agbanye mmiri. A pụkwara itinye usoro a na anụ na akwụkwọ nri iji kwadebe bouillon ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa,  ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị okwu ahụ akọwa ihe ndị e si n'osisi esi, na-abụkarị maka ọgwụ ma ọ bụ ebumnuche sayensị.   &#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

Decoction bụkwa aha mmiri mmiri na-esi na ya pụta. Ọ bụ ezie na usoro nke mmịpụta a dị iche na infusion na percolation, mmiri mmiri na-esi na ya pụta nwere ike mgbe ụfọdụ na mmetụta ha, ma ọ bụ ọdịdị zuru oke na uto.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

## Okwu mmalite
The term dates back to 1350–1400 from the past participle stem of Latin  (meaning "to boil down"), from  ("from") +  ("to cook").

## Ojiji
N'ime ime mmanya, decoction mashing bụ usoro ọdịnala ebe a na-ewepụ akụkụ nke mash na arịa dị iche, sie ya maka oge wee laghachi na mash bụ isi, na-ebuli mash gaa na nzọụkwụ okpomọkụ ọzọ.   &#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

Na herbalism, a na-emekarị decoctions na-ewepụta mmiri sitere na ihe ọkụkụ siri ike dị ka mgbọrọgwụ na ogbugbo.[1]. Iji mezuo nke a, a na-esikarị ihe ọkụkụ na-esi nri maka awa 1-2 na 1-5 lita mmiri. Mgbe ahụ, a na-agbaji ya. Ayurveda na-ejikwa usoro a mepụta ọgwụ herbal ụdị Kashayam   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

Maka tii, decoction na-agụnye isi otu ahịhịa na mmiri nke a ga-eji mee ihe maka mmiri (otu iko tii kwa iko) maka ihe dị ka nkeji ise ruo iri.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Hụkwa

* Nchịkọta
* Mkpịsị ugodi
* Mmiri na-agbapụta
* Maceration (nri) 
* Ihe na-acha odo odo
* Ịṅụ ọgwụ
* Ịsa kọfị

## Edemsibia
Nkwupụta Sydney

A nabatara **nkwupụta ndị isi** APEC nke Sydney na mgbanwe ihu igwe, nchekwa ike na mmepe dị ọcha na APEC Australia 2007 na asatọ Septemba na afo puku abụọ na asaa.

Nkwekọrịta ahụ na-egosi ọchịchọ nke ndị bịanyere aka n'akwụkwọ ka ha rụọ ọrụ maka ebumnuche ebumnuche na nrụpụta ike ike n'otu nkeji nke GDP ma na-agba ume mkpuchi ọhịa na mpaghara ahụ. Ebumnuche APEC n'obosara mpaghara bụ ibelata ike ike site na opekata mpe 25 pasent site na 2030 site na ọkwa 2005, ma setịpụ ebumnuche mpaghara APEC nke ịba ụba oke ọhịa na mpaghara site na square kilomita 200,000 site na 2020.

## Nkotọ
Òtù ndị na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi na ihu igwe dị ka Greenpeace, Australian Conservation Foundation na Climate Action Network katọrọ nkwekọrịta ahụ maka ịghara ịtọ ihe mgbaru ọsọ na ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ maka mba ndị mepere emepe, nakwa na nkwupụta ahụ bụ ihe karịrị ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.

Greenpeace kwuru na Minista na-ahụ maka mba ofesi Alexander Downer gwara okwu APEC na Melbourne n'ọnwa Eprel afọ 2007 na ebumnuche ndị a na-achọ bụ "ihe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị" na "ọ bụghị ezigbo ebumnuche". Otu onye na-ekwuchitere Greenpeace kwuru na a ga-akpọ nkwupụta ahụ "Sydney Distraction" na mgbanwe ihu igwe.

Australian Conservation Foundation kpọrọ nkwupụta ahụ "adịghị ike" ma kwuo na "nkwupụta ahụ anaghị akwalite mkparịta ụka zuru ụwa ọnụ banyere mgbanwe ihu igwe."

## Ntuaka
Carbon dị mma

Asụsụ Ọhụrụ nke Carbon, echiche mbụ mepụtara n'isiokwu William McDonoughz, nke e bipụtara na mbụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ Ọdịdị .

## Obodo ndị nwere Carbon
McDonough, n'akụkụ ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Charlottesville, William McDonough + Partners, jiri Asụsụ ọhụrụ nke carbon mepụta usoro maka ịmepụta Carbon Positive Cities. Echiche a nwekwara njikọ chiri anya na Breathing Cities, nke o gosipụtara na Arctic Circle China Forum na Shanghai na Mee 2019 ma lekwasị anya n'ịtọhapụ obere carbon na obere kemịkal na-egbu egbu n'ime ikuku ma kama ọ gbanwere iji jikọta ike na-agbanwe agbanwe dịka geothermal dị ka ihe ngwọta maka mmetọ ikuku na mgbanwe ihu igwe.

Ịmejuputa usoro carbon dị mma maka obodo bụ otu ụzọ isi lụso mgbanwe ihu igwe ọgụ. Ebumnuche bụ ka obodo dị iche iche nabata carbon dị ka akụ na ala, osisi na ụdị ala, ka ha na-ewepụ ya dị ka ibu ọrụ na ikuku.

Ebumnuche nke obodo ndị nwere carbon bụ iji belata ibu ọrụ nke carbon ikuku ma na-amụba carbon dị n'ala dị ka akụ; jikọta ma na-eme emume mmepe obodo dị ka usoro okike dị n'otu, na-arụpụta ihe na nke na-eweghachi; mata ojiji bara uru nke carbon maka uru ha dị mkpirikpi na ogologo oge, akụ na ụba, na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya; melite mmekọrịta dị n'etiti obodo, mpaghara ya, na mpaghara ya, yana ịkọwa ọrụ ugbo dị ka ihe nhazi nke ụdị obodo na ọrụ. 

Na COP25 na Madrid, William McDonough na onye na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi nke mmiri Carlos Duarte gosipụtara Akụ na ụba  carbon okirikiri  na ihe omume na BBVA Ntọala . Economy carbon okirikiri dabeere na echiche McDonoughz sitere na Carbon abụghị Onye iro ma na-ezube ije ozi dị ka usoro maka ịmepụta na ịhazi usoro dị irè maka njikwa carbon.

McDonough jiri Akụ na ụba carbon okirikiri mee ihe iji hazie mkparịta ụka na ogbako G20 na Machị 2020.

## Nnakwere
Ebe ọ bụ na e bipụtara Carbon Is Not The Enemy na mbụ, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dịka Scientific American na Fast Company etoola ya maka ịmegharị mkparịta ụka gbasara ikuku carbon. Ndị ọzọ ekwuola na mgbagwoju anya nke mgbalị a iji mepụta okwu ọhụrụ kpatara, Carbon positive bụ okwu ahịa, ma nwee mgbagwoju mgbagwoju ike n'ozuzu zere ya. 

Kemgbe mbụ a kpọtụrụ Carbon ziri ezi Cities aha, ọtụtụ obodo ejirila nke a dị ka nyocha nke ebumnuche gburugburu ebe obibi ha. Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu kpọrọ Baoding, China obodo nke mbụ. Kansụl Obodo Liverpool kwupụtakwara ebumnuche ha ịbụ obodo mbụ nwere carbon n'ụwa site na iji teknụzụ blockchain.

## Hụkwa

* Mgbasa ikuku a na-etinye n'ime
Ụmụ agbọghọ nọ na Tech

Girls in Tech bụ òtù zuru ụwa ọnụ na-enweghị uru nke lekwasịrị anya na itinye aka, agụmakwụkwọ, na inye **ụmụ** nwanyị ike na teknụzụ. N'ịbụ nke Adriana Gascoigne guzobere na afo 2007, nzukọ ahụ etolitela site na San Francisco ruo ihe karịrị isi 50 dị na North America, Europe, Asia, Middle East, Africa, na Mba South America.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme ya
áká_èkpè|thumb|F onye guzobere Adriana Gascoigne
Na Febụwarị nke afọ 2007, Gascoigne malitere Girls in Tech na San Francisco mgbe ọ chọpụtara na ọ bụ otu n'ime naanị ụmụ nwanyị na ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ ya.

N'ọnwa Julaị nke  afọ 2008, isi nke abụọ nke Girls in Tech malitere na Los Angeles.

Na Disemba nke afọ 2008, Girls in Tech New York malitere.

Na Jenụwarị nke afọ 2009, isi nke mba ụwa mbụ nke Girls in Tech malitere na London n'otu oge na isi ọhụrụ na Austin, Boston, na Portland.

N'ọnwa Eprel na afọ 2015, na nzukọ Girls in Tech na Phoenix, Tania Katan gosipụtara "Ọ dịghị mgbe ọ bụ uwe", nke chegharịrị akara ngosi maka nwanyị nọ na akara ụlọ ịsa ahụ dị ka iyi okpu kama uwe.

Ka ọ na-erule Julaị na afọ 2015, e nwere isi 47 gburugburu ụwa.

Na Jenụwarị na afọ 2016, ESPN Women sonyeere Girls in Tech maka Hackathon n'ihu Super Bowl.

Na Mee nke afọ 2016, Girls in Tech jikọtara aka na Traction Labs iji nye ụmụ nwanyị na ndị ọchụnta ego ole na ole ohere ọfịs San Francisco n'efu.

## Ihe omume ya
Na Machị nke afọ 2021, Girls in Tech malitere atụmatụ iji kwụsị ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị n'ime ụlọ nzukọ. A na-akpọ ya "Half the Board: 50/50 by 2025," atụmatụ ahụ kpọrọ ndị otu ka ha tinye aka na ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị n'ime ụlọ nzukọ ha site na afọ 2025. Ọkara nke Board: 50/50 site na 2025 gwara òtù na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu ka ha tinye aka ime ihe iji hụ na ụmụ nwanyị mejupụtara ọ dịkarịa ala pasent 50 nke ụlọ ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ. Mgbalị ahụ gụnyere akwụkwọ ozi ghere oghe nke ndị otu Girls in Tech dere nye ndị isi teknụzụ na-achọ ka e nwee nhata nwoke na nwanyị site na  onwa Disemba 24, nke afọ 2024. A malitere mkpọsa ahụ dị ka akụkụ nke mbọ nzukọ ahụ na-agba iji kwado Ọnwa Akụkọ Ụmụ nwanyị na Ụbọchị Ụmụ nwanyị nke Mba Nile, na Girls in Tech Founder na CEO Adriana Gascoigne dere otu op-ed nke gbara na Newsweek banyere mkpa maka "mgbalị ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị" nke mere ka atụmatụ ahụ dịkwuo elu.  

Girls in Tech emeela ọtụtụ mmemme iji mụbaa ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ nwanyị na-arụ ọrụ na teknụzụ, gụnyere Global Classroom, usoro mmụta n'ịntanetị nke na-enye ohere ịnweta ọmụmụ na ihe ntanetị iji melite ihe ọmụma na mpaghara metụtara STEM. Ihe omume ndị ọzọ gụnyere asọmpi Amplify Pitch, Mentorship, na oghere ọrụ teknụzụ, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.

N'ọnwa Ọktoba nke afọ 2021, Girls in Tech jikọtara aka na Amazon Web Services (AWS) iji mee ka ụmụ nwanyị nwekwuo ọrụ na ngalaba ọha na eze site na ntụziaka na ọzụzụ. 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe obibi

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Idei mmiri nke 2016 na Accra

[thumb|[Usòrò:Flooding_in_Ghana_6.jpg|thumb|Ihe ka ukwuu n'akụkụ Accra na-enwekarị idei mmiri n'oge mmiri ozuzo, na-akpata nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na Ghana]]
Iju mmiri Accra 2016 bụ oke mmiri ozuzo na Accra, isi obodo Ghana na June 2016. Iju mmiri ahụ malitere na June 9, 2016 .  Ka ọ dị na June 15, 2016, ọ dịkarịa ala mmadụ iri anwụọla. .

## Hụkwa

* Idei mmiri nke 2015 na Accra

## Ihe odide
2007 Iju Mmiri nke Mozambik

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|200x200px|Mozambique
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|255x255px|Oké ifufe Favio rutere n'ala na Febụwarị 22, 2007.
Idei mmiri nke 2007 na Mozambik malitere na ngwụcha Disemba **2006** mgbe nnukwu mmiri ozuzo na Southern Africa jupụtara na Cahora Bassa Dam.  Ọ kara njọ na Febụwarị 22, 2007, mgbe Cyclone Favio nke 4 dara na mpaghara etiti nke Inhambane; ndị ọkachamara na-agbaso cyclone ahụ buru amụma na ọ ga-eme ka idei mmiri na ndagwurugwu Osimiri Zambezi ka njọ.  Osimiri Zambezi gbawara n'akụkụ ya, jupụta n'ógbè ndị gbara ya gburugburu na Mozambique.   Nke Chire na osimiri rivubue mejukwara

Ndị mmadụ 80,600 agbapụla n'ụlọ ha na mpaghara Tete, Manica, sofalla na Zambezia site na Febụwarị, a kpọpụrụ mmadụ iri asatọ na narị isii n'ụlọ ha dị na mpaghara Tete, Manica, Sofala na Zambezia. Ka ọ na-erule n'abalị iri abụọ na abụọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị, ụlọ ọrụ United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs kọrọ na ihe dị ka mmadụ 121,000 agbaala ọsọ n'ihi idei mmiri ahụ. Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ jụrụ ịhapụ ụlọ ha na anụ ụlọ ha.

Na mbido February, ndị ọchịchị Mozambique echeghị na idei mmiri ahụ ga-agbawa obi ka idei mmiri 2000 na 2001. Paula Zucula enyemaka mba Mozambique, kwuru, sị "Anyị na-atụ anya mmiri karịa ka anyị nwere na 2001. Ọnọdụ ahụ na-akawanye njọ ma ọ ga-akawanye mma mana n'oge a anyị dị njikere karịa na 2001". World Food Program (WFP) mere atụmatụ na ihe ruru mmadụ 285,000 nwere ike ịchọ enyemaka nri. Nkwado enyemaka nri site na WFP malitere na Febụwarị 15. E mere ka otu helikọpta UN dị maka nnyefe enyemaka na ebe ndị a na-ebupụ.  Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ puku mmadụ enwetabeghị nri ma ọ bụ mmiri ọṅụṅụ, egwu nke ntiwapụ ọrịa amụbaala; Paulo Zucula wepụrụ okwu mbụ ya banyere njikere, na-ekwu "Anyị adịbeghị njikere... ọ bụ ọdachi ọzọ".

## Ihe edeturu


Òtù:Mgbanwe ihu igwe
Ihe ize ndụ mmiri nke China

thumb|Ihe ize ndụ mmiri nke China
China Water Risk (Chinese simplified: 中国水危机; Chinese traditional: 中國水危機) bụ atụmatụ na-enweghị uru nke dị na Hong Kong raara onwe ya nye ịkọwapụta na idozi azụmahịa na **ihe ize ndụ** gburugburu ebe obibi nke sitere na  mba ahụ. Ebumnuche ya kwuru bụ "ịkwalite ojiji dị irè na nke ọma nke akụ mmiri nke People's Republic of China site na itinye ego zuru ụwa ọnụ na obodo azụmahịa, obodo na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na nghọta na ijikwa ihe ize ndụ mmiri nke China. Ebe ozi ya www.chinawaterrisk.org na-enye ikpo okwu iji kesaa echiche ndị ọkachamara, nyocha, ajụjụ ọnụ na nyocha site n'aka ndị isi ụlọ ọrụ. Ndị ọrụ nwere ike ịnweta ozi kachasị mkpa na nke dị oke mkpa iji nyere aka mee mkpebi itinye ego na-enweghị isi yana ịnọgide na-enwe ohere itinye ego na gburugburu ebe na-agbanwe agbanwe. A na-ekwukarị ihe ize ndụ mmiri China site na akụkọ azụmahịa na ụlọ ọrụ ma na-ekwu okwu, na-ekere òkè na mkparịta ụka panel ma na-agafeghị oke na ndị ọchụnta ego dị iche iche na nnọkọ azụmahịa na  ogbako.

## Ngwuru

### Akụkọ ihe mere eme
China Water Risk na-enweta ego site na Hong Kong-based ADM Capital Foundation (US 501(c)(3) ọnọdụ ọrụ ebere na ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha n'okpuru Sec. 88 nke IRD na Hong Kong) ADM Capital ntọala guzobere na afọ 2006 site na Asia Debt Management Hong Kong Limited (ADM Capital).

Omume a mepụtara na mmekorita ya n'oge ọ na-anwale ya dị ka The Asia Water Project, na Civic Exchange, Association for Social and Responsible Investing in Asia (ASrIA), Business for Social Responsibility (BSR), Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs (IPE), na Responsible Research.  A gbanwere aha ya ka ọ bụrụ China Water Risk na afọ 2010 na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ya www.chinawaterrisk.org meghere maka ọha na eze na ọnwa October 27, afọ 2011.

### Ụzọ e si eme ya
China Water Risk na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ mmiri, ndị ọkachamara itinye ego na ndị NGO na-eche echiche na azụmahịa / ndị ọchụnta ego chụpụrụ iji wetara ọha na eze ozi ọhụrụ banyere mmiri na China. Site na webụsaịtị ya.

## Edensibia
Cathryn Mataga

**Cathryn Mataga** (onye amụrụ **William Mataga**) bụ onye na-eme mmemme egwuregwu na onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu vidio Junglevision. N'okpuru aha William, o dere Atari 8-bit ezinụlọ egwuregwu maka Synapse Software na mbido ruo n'etiti afọ 1980, gụnyere *Shamus*, onye na-agba égbè flip-screen.

## Ọrụ
Mataga mepụtara egwuregwu *Shamus* na 1982, nke a na-akpọ William maka ezinụlọ Atari 8-bit. A na-ekwu na ọtụtụ n'ime arịrịọ egwuregwu ahụ sitere na ọchị Mataga, dị ka ịmepụta "nnukwu nsụgharị" nke egwu isiokwu Alfred Hitchcock na mmeghe egwuregwu ahụ. Mataga sochiri ya na ihe na-esote *Shamus*: Case II na onye na-agba égbè *Zeppelin*.

Steve Hales nke Synapse Software, n'ajụjụ ọnụ maka akwụkwọ Halcyon Days, kwuru na ya na Mataga mere ka onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ Ihor Wolosenko kwenye itinye ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'ime akụkọ ifo.

Mataga mepụtara asụsụ mmemme akụkọ ifo na-emekọrịta ihe nke a maara dị ka BtZ (Kwuo mma karịa Zork) maka Broderbund, na mbido afọ 1980.  Mataga so Hales na onye na-ede uri Robert Pinsky rụkọọ ọrụ na egwuregwu akụkọ ifo *Mindwheel* (1984).

Mataga bụ otu n'ime ndị mmemme na-arụ ọrụ na Stormfront Studios na Neverwinter Nights MMORPG mbụ. Don Daglow kwuru na Mataga bụ otu n'ime ndị mmemme gosipụtara nkwupụta Daglow na ọ nwere ike ime ka Neverwinter Nights nwee ihe ịga nke ọma.

## Egwuregwu

* *Shamus* (1982), Synapse Software
* *Shamus*: Case II (1983), Synapse Software
* *Zeppelin* (1983), Synapse Software
* *[[Mindwheel]]* (1984), Broderbund Software
* *[[Essex (video game)|Essex]]* (1985), Broderbund
* *[[Brimstone (video game)|Brimstone]]* (1985), Broderbund
* Breakers (1986), Broderbund
* Neverwinter Nights (1991), Strategic Simulations
* *Ọnụ ụzọ* mbata nke Savage Frontier (1991), Strategic Simulations
* *Akụ̀ dị* oké ọnụ ahịa nke Ógbè Savage (1992), Strategic Simulations
* Stronghold (1993), Strategic Simulations
* Dark Sun Online: Crimson Sands (1996), Strategic Simulations [citation needed]
* *Rampage 2*: Universal Tour (1999), Midway Games
* X-Men: Ọchịchị nke Apocalypse (2001), Activision
* Spyro: Oge Ice (2001), Universal Interactive
* *Rayman* (2001), Ubi Soft
* Ogige Dragọn (2001), Capcom
* Grand Theft Auto Advance (2004), Rockstar Games
* *Spider-Man 2* (2004), Activision
* : 10th Anniversary (2005), Ubisoft [citation needed]

## Ebensidee

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ọhụụ Ọhịa
* Profaịlụ ''Cathryn Mataga'' na MobyGames

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ụzọ Europe Na-esi Gaa Na ihe nkárí efu

Ụzọ Europe na-esi gaa na ihe nkari efu bụ akụkụ ọrụ ngosi EU nke The LIFE Programme (LIFE +), ngwá ọrụ ego EU maka gburugburu ebe obibi ma bụrụ mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Gburugburu Ebe Obibi na Waste & Resources Action Programme (WRAP). E guzobere ọrụ ahụ iji nyochaa ụzọ ndị bara uru iji nweta ihe efu na ebe a na-ekpofu ihe na Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ nke obodo England. Ọ ga-ekerịta nsonaazụ ya na ndị ọrụ ibe ya na UK na mba ndị EU dị mkpa. Ihe efu efu n'ọnọdụ a bụ ụzọ iji kwado ojiji na-adịgide adịgide nke ihe onwunwe site na azụmaahịa iji baara ma akụ na ụba na gburugburu ebe obibi uru. Ọ na-elekwasị anya n'ibelata, ijikwa ọzọ, imegharị ihe na ịweghachi ume site na mkpofu.  Ọrụ a ga-amalite na Machị 2013.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ EPOW nke Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Gburugburu Ebe Obibi
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ WRAP EPOW
Ọrụ Ozi Ihu Igwe

Ọrụ Ozi ihu igwe (CIS) na-agụnye mgbasa nke data ihu igwe n'ụzọ na-enyere ndị mmadụ na òtù aka ime mkpebi. CIS na-enyere ndị ọrụ ya aka ịhụ ma chịkwaa ihe ize ndụ ndị metụtara ọnọdụ ihu igwe na-agbanwe agbanwe na ihu igwe nke na-apụghị ịkọwapụta. Ọ na-agụnye usoro ihe ọmụma nke na-agụnyekwa ohere ndị ọrụ a na-elekwasị anya, nkọwa nke, nkwurịta okwu nke, na ojiji nke ozi ihu igwe dị mkpa, ziri ezi, na nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, yana nzaghachi ha na ojiji ahụ. Ọrụ ozi ihu igwe na-agụnye mmepụta n'oge, ntụgharị na nnyefe nke data ihu igwe bara uru, ozi na ihe ọmụma.

## Ozi ihu igwe
Ozi ihu igwe (CI) bụ nchịkọta na nyocha nke ihu igwe na ihu igwe n'ezie yana simulations nke ihu igwe maka oge gara aga, ugbu a na ọdịnihu. Ọrụ ozi ihu igwe na-agụnye mgbasa nke data ihu igwe n'ụzọ na-enyere ndị mmadụ na òtù aka ime mkpebi. CIS na-enyere ndị ọrụ ya aka ịhụ ma chịkwaa ihe ize ndụ ndị metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi na-agbanwe agbanwe na nke na-apụghị ịkọwapụta.

## N'Afrika
Ngalaba akụ na ụba ndị bụ isi n'Afrika nwere mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na mgbanwe. N'iji ọrụ ugbo dị ka ihe atụ, ngalaba ahụ na-ewe ihe ruru 80% nke ndị bi na ya n'ọrụ, ma na-enye ihe dịka 30% nke GDP. Ebe ọ bụ na mmiri na-ezo ihe karịrị 90% n'ala ọrụ ugbo anyị, usoro nyocha ihu igwe na-atụ aro na mmiri ozuzo na Afrika na abụ zi kwa ihe a na-apụghị ịkọwapụta. Ngalaba a di ka ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị mgbanwe ihu igwe na mgbanwe na-emetụta nke ukwu.

Ndị ọrụ ugbo nwere ike ịnweta data ziri ezi nke a haziri maka mkpa ha nwere ike ịhazi ihe na mgbe ha ga-akụ n'ọrụ ugbo ha; ndị na-eme iwu nwere ike ịnweta ozi ziri ezi na nyocha nwere ike ime mkpebi ziri ezi. Gọọmentị nwekwara ike itinye iwu ihu igwe site na iji data dabeere na ihe akaebe.

Site na ozi ihu igwe buru ibu, Afrika nwere ike ichebe uru akụ na ụba na ọganihu na mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke a hụrụ na ofe kọntinent n'ime afọ iri gara aga.

Enwere oghere data na ọkwa dị iche iche n'ihi na edere ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime data ndị e nwetara na akwụkwọ kama itinye ya na kọmputa. N'agbanye ihe mgbochi ndị na-eche ụlọ ọrụ onwe ha ihu, ụlọ ọrụ onwe ole na ole enweela ihe ịga nke ọma n'inye ọrụ ozi ihu igwe n'Afrika dum.

E nwere ahịa na-emepe emepe maka ọrụ ozi ihu igwe maka ngalaba azụmahia. Tinye kwa n'elu nke a, enwere nghọta na-agbago elu na site na mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ndị na-enye ọrụ onwe ha nwere ike itinye ego na meshinari dị mkpa ma nye ozi ihu igwe ziri ezi. Ndị ngalaba onwe na enye ọrụ ihu igwe ọtụtụ ọkwa dị iche iche nke usoro uru. Ọrụ ya gụnyere ihe niile site na ịnye ngwaahịa na ọrụ ndị a haziri ahazi, ndị bara uru na ndị ọrụ njedebe iji nyere aka na nlekota ihu igwe. Amụma oge, n'oge mmalite nke oge mmiri ozuzo (na oge ịkụ osisi maka ndị ọrụ ugbo), na ọrụ ndị ọzọ na-enyekarị site na ngalaba onwe. Tụkwasị na nke a, ha na-enye ozi gbasara ọnọdụ ihu igwe siri ike maka ụlọ ọrụ enyemaka ọdachi na obodo ndị na-adịghị ike. Viamo na-enye ọrụ dịgasị iche iche, gụnyere inye ozi n'asụsụ onye nwe ekwentị ọ bụla, gụnyere ihu igwe na data ihu igwe, nke a ga akwụ ụgwọ. Ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị otu ngalaba na-abụghị nke gọọmentị nwere ike ịnweta ozi na ọrụ dị mkpa site na Esoko's Digital Farmer Services.

## Edensibia
Mọnde Okirikiri

Circular Monday bụ mmegharị nke obodo, nchekwa data na ụbọchị ịzụ ahịa maka oriri gburugburu. Ọ na-agụnye azụmaahịa nwere ụdị azụmaahịa azụmaahịa na-ere, na-akwụ ụgwọ, na-ekere òkè na nrụzi ngwaahịa ndị e ji ihe ndị a rụgharịrị arụgharị mee, gụnyere ọrụ ndị ọzọ. 

E hiwere ya na afọ 2017 na Malmö, Sweden, site n'aka onye guzobere ụlọ ọrụ onye mba Sweden bụ Henning Gillberg, a na-akpọkwa ya **White Monday** na mbụ; ọ gbanwere aha ya na afọ 2020. E chepụtara ya dị ka ihe ngwọta maka Fraidee ojii, nke na-akwalite oriri na-aga n'ihu, ma na-ewere ọnọdụ na Mọnde tupu Black Friday. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2019, ihe karịrị azụmaahịa 200 na-ekere òkè. Azụmaahịa na-ekere òkè - nke kachasị na Europe - na-ebelata ngwaahịa ha iji kpughee ụzọ ndị ọzọ dị gburugburu na oriri nke  Fraidee ojii na ụbọchị ịzụ ahịa ndị ọzọ.

## Hụkwa

* Zụta Ihe Ọ dịghị Ụbọchị

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* CircularMonday.com
Mgbanwe ihu igwe na ọrụ ugbo

**Mgbanwe ihu igwe na ọrụ ugbo** nwere ike i na aruzi aka na:

* Mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na ọrụ ugbo
* Mmiri na-eme ka ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ na-esi n'ọrụ ugbo apụta
Laura Nikolich

**Laura Nikolich** bụ onye na emepụta egwuregwu na onye na eme mmemme nke rụrụ ọrụ maka Parker Brothers na mbido afọ 1980 ebe ọ bụ naanị onye mmepe maka egwuregwu Atari 2600 nke 1982 *Spider-Man* ma hazie mbipụta ColecoVision nke Frogger II: ThreeeDeep!.

Laura Nikolich graduated in 1976 with a bachelor's degree in engineering technology from University of South Florida. She learned assembly language, which she used for pager technology at Motorola. Real-time programming in assembly language gave her skills useful for the emerging video game industry.

Laura Nikolich bụ onye mmemme nke ise e goro na Parker Brothers na 1981 na nke anọ e goro maka mmepe Atari 2600. Nikolich rụrụ ọrụ naanị ya ọnwa isii na egwuregwu mbụ da bere na Spider-Man. Na-arụ ọrụ na njedebe nke usoro ahụ, o mepụtara ya dị ka egwuregwu na-agagharị n'elu, nke siri ike ịme pụta. A tọha pụrụ *Spider-Man* na 1982, kwalite ya site na mgbasa ozi telivishọn, ọ bụkwa ihe ịga nke ọma.

Mgbe *Spider-Man* gasịrị, Nikolich mepụ tara egwuregwu Care Bears, nke a na-ewe pụtaghị. A kwụsịrị egwuregwu ahụ n'ihi na, dị ka Nikolich si kwuo, ahịa amaghị ihe ha chọrọ. Nikolich nwere obi ụtọ maka ọrụ ya na Care Bears n'ihi ihe ịma aka ya. Ọrụ ya n'ịchịkwa sprites mere ka ihe osise ahụ dịkwuo ndụ ma na-amasị ndị mmadụ.

* *Spider-Man*, Atari 2600, Parker Brothers (1982)
* Frogger nke Abụọ: ThreeeDeep!, ColecoVision, Parker Brothers (1984)

### A na-ebipụtabeghị ya

* Care Bears, Atari 2600, Parker Brothers (1983)
* Orbit, ColecoVision, Parker Brothers (1983)

## Ebenside

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ajụjụ ọnụ na ọwa YouTube Spider-Man Crawlspace
* ''Spider-Man'' TV azụmahịa (1982)
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Susannah Fox

**Susannah Rogers Fox** bụ onye America na-eme nchọpụta banyere ahụike na teknụzụ ozi bụ onye bụ Chief Technology Officer nke US Department of Health and Human Services site na afo Mee 2015 ruo na afo Jenụwarị nke afo 2017.  Tupu nke a, ọ nọrọ afọ iri na anọ na Pew Research Center na-amụ mmetụta nke teknụzụ Ịntanetị na nlekọta ahụike, ma tinye aka na mmalite nke ebe nrụọrụ weebụ obodo mba US News & World Report na afo 1995.

## Agụmakwụkwọ na mmalite ọrụ ya
Fox gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum  na mba Wesleyan na B.A. na anthropology na afo 1992.  Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na The Harwood Institute na Bethesda, Maryland, na RealNetworks.  N'afọ 1995, ọ sonyeere obodo mba U.S. News & World Report, nyere aka ịmalite ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ha n'afọ ahụ, wee bụrụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ ya n'afọ 1999.

Malite n'afọ nke 2000, Fox nọrọ afọ iri na anọ na Pew Research Center, na-eduzi nyocha ha gbasara ahụike na teknụzụ na-elekwasị anya na ndị ahịa.  Fox nyochara mmetụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke teknụzụ na nlekọta ahụike, gụnyere ndị ọrịa na ndị na-elekọta ndị na-eme nchọpụta na ịmepụta ngwaọrụ ahụike nke ha iji dozie nsogbu ha pụrụ iche.  Nke a mere ka o mechara kwuo na ndị na-eme ihe dị ka isi iyi na-ekwe nkwa nke ihe ọhụrụ nlekọta ahụike, yana ịkwado ibelata ihe mgbochi ntinye maka ndị na-emepụta ihe site na ndabere na-abụghị ọdịnala, na-eji usoro dịka ịgbanwe ngwaọrụ ahụike dị ugbu a ma ọ bụ iji mbipụta nke 3D iji mepụta ngwaọrụ ọhụrụ.

Mgbe oge ya na Pew gasịrị, Fox nọrọ otu afọ dị ka onye ọchụnta ego na-ebi na Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.

## Ngalaba Ahụike na Ọrụ Mmadụ nke ya
Fox bụ Chief Technology Officer nke Ngalaba Ahụike na Ọrụ Mmadụ n'oge akụkụ ikpeazụ nke ọchịchị Obama, site na Mee na afo 2015 ruo na onwa Jenụwarị nke afo 2017. A malitere ọnọdụ ahụ n'oge ọchịchị Obama, a na-ezube ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nnọchi anya ndị ọchụnta ego na teknụzụ na Silicon Valley ma na-emekọ ihe na White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, kama ilekwasị anya na mkpa teknụzụ kwa ụbọchị nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.  Fox abụghị onye injinia site na azụmahịa, ma na o sitere na nzụlite anthropology ya iji jikọta ndị ọrụ ahụike na ngwọta nhazi, na-akpọ onwe ya "onye na-ahụ maka ala Intanet".

## Ndụ onwe onye ya
Nna Fox bụ onye isi akaụntụ maka IBM, nne ya bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ Philadelphia U.S. 1. Fox lụrụ Eric Ian Halperin, onye ọka iwu ikpe, na afo 1998.

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Izu Europe Maka Mbelata Ihe Mpofu

E bidoro European Week for Waste Reduction (EWWR) dị ka ọrụ afọ atọ nke LIFE+ Programme nke European Commission kwadoro ruo July 2012. [isi iyi   Ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ewere ọnọdụ n'afọ ndị na-esonụ. Mbipụta nke afọ 2012 nke EWWR mere site na 17 ruo 25 Nọvemba 2012 n'okpuru nkwado nke Maazị Janez Potočnik, European Commissioner for the Environment. 
Ebumnuche ya bụ ịhazi ọtụtụ ihe n'ime otu izu, gafee Europe, nke ga-eme ka a mara banyere mbelata mkpofu. Kwa afọ, a na-akwụ ụgwọ maka ihe omume kachasị mma n'oge emume onyinye na Brussels n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ Europe. Kemgbe mmalite nke oru ngo a, emejuputala ihe kariri 20.000 omume na-eme ka a mara ihe banyere mgbochi mkpofu n'ime usoro nke EWWR.

Ụbọchị 2017 bụ site na 18 ruo 27 November.

Ndị mmekọ ise nke ọrụ a bụ:

* **ADEME** (French Environment and Energy Management Agency)
* **ACR+** (Association of Cities and Regions for Recycling and sustainable Resource management)
* **ARC** (Ụlọ Ọrụ Mgbukpọ nke Catalonia)
* **IBGE** (Brussels Environment, nchịkwa ọha na eze maka gburugburu ebe obibi na ike) na
* LIPOR (Intermunicipal Waste Management Service of Greater Porto).

## Hụkwa Ihe ọzọ

* Mbelata ihe mkpofu
* Iji ya eme ihe ọzọ
* Ọchịchị ndị na-emebi ihe
* Nchịkwa ihe mkpofu
* Obere ihe mkpofu
* Ihe mkpofu tupu

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Izu Europe Maka Mbelata Ihe Mpofu
Nsogbu mmiri Chennai nke 2019

**Nsogbu mmiri Chennai nke 2019** bụ nsogbu mmiri na-eme na India, ọkachasị na obodo Chennai dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na Tamil Nadu. Na 19 June 2019, ndisi obodo Chennai kwuru na "Day Zero", ma ọ bụru ụbọsi ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ na mmiri a fodoru, eruola, ebe ọ bụ na nnukwu ọdọ ano mmiri nafu nobodo akpọwụọla. Afa nabọ nke mmiri ozuzo na-adịghị mma, ọkachasị na ngwụcha afa 2017 na n'bido afa 2018 dugara na nsogbu a.

N'ihi na mmiri pọmpụ akwụsigo ịgba ọso, ezinụlọ ụfọdụ anọwo na-adabere na isi iyi mmiri ndị ọzọ dị ichiche di ka ebe dị anya, pọmpụ mmiri ọha na-enweghị ntụkwasị obi, na tankị mmiri dị okonụ.

Chennai bụ obodo nwere idi karịrị nde mmadụ 11, nke dị ka obodo New York , Na obodo nke anọ kacha ukwuu na India. Obodo a bụ ebe injinịa ụgbọ ala ma nwee ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-arụ ụgbọ ala na-arụ gburugburu ebe nchekwa mmiri nke obodo ahụ. . 

Chennai na-adabere Na akụkọ ihe mere eme na mmiri ozuzo kwa afọ iji mee ka mmiri ya jupụta ebe ọ bụ na mmiri na-adịghị mma na-emetọ osimiri.

E nwere ọdọ mmiri anọ na obodo ahụ, ya bụ, Red Hills, Cholavaram, Poondi na Chembarambakkam, nwere ajikọtara Ike nke 11,057 mcft.

### Oké okochi
Afa atọ nke mmiri ozuzo dara na 2016, 2017, na 2018. Oge mmiri ozuzo nke afa 2018 bụ otu nime oge kachasị akọrọ edekọla na Chennai, ebe ọ bụ naa 343.7 mm nke mmiri ozuzo dara e jiri ya tụnyere nkezi nke 757.6 mm, nke bụ 55% mmiri ozuzo. Tụkwasị na nke a, steeti nine Na Tamil Nadu edegowo mmiri ozuzo 23% n'oge ahụ. Nnukwu okpomọkụ na India site na May ruo June 2019 na-eme ka nsogbu ahụ dịkwuo elu site n'iwepụ mmiri ọ bụla fọrụ na ọdọ mmiri.

Nchịkwa na-ezighị ezi nke gọọmentị na iwu ihe a na-eme atụmatụ na-enweghị isi abụwokwa ihe kpatara nsogbu a.

Ọtụtụ nde mmadụ enweghị mmiri na-aga n'ihu. Enweghị mmiri ozuzo na mmiri dị n'okpuru ala ahapụla ọdọ mmiri anọ na-enye obodo ahụ mmiri kpọrọ nkụ kpamkpam. Enweghị ike igbo mkpa maka mmiri emeela ka ụlọ ọrụ dị ka họtel na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ mechie. Ndị na-ebu mmiri si n'ógbè Tamil Nadu nke ụkọ mmiri ozuzo na-emetụtaghị na-eweta mmiri n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke obodo ahụ. Otú ọ dị, tankị gọọmentị nwere ike iwe ihe ruru otu ọnwa iji pụta mgbe achọrọ, ọtụtụ ezinụlọ, ndị bi na ya bara ọgaranya, na ndị nwe ụlọ ọrụ ahọrọla ịkwụ ụgwọ maka tankị mmiri dị oke ọnụ. Ndị ogbenye bi n'ime ogige enweghị nhọrọ a; ezinụlọ nọ n'ogige Chennai nwere ike ịnata ihe dị ka lita 30 (7.9 US gallons) nke mmiri kwa ụbọchị ma e jiri ya tụnyere ezinụlọ America nke na-eji lita 1,150 (300 US gallons).

Ọtụtụ ọgụ maka mmiri amalitewokwa n'ihi esemokwu ahụ. N'otu esemokwu dị otú ahụ nke mere na 15 June 2019, a mara otu nwanyị mma ma nyefee onye na-eme ya na ndị uwe ojii.

* Nsogbu mmiri nke Cape Town Nsogbu mmiri make mere na Cape Town, South Africa na 2018

## Ede nsibia

*
AdaCamp

**AdaCamp** bụ usoro mkparịta ụka nke Ada Initiative haziri. AdaCamp bụ naanị nnọkọ nke lekwasịrị anya na ụmụ nwanyị sonyere na teknụzụ na ọdịbendị mepere emepe, gụnyere mmepe nke ngwanrọ n'efu na nke mepere emepi na onyinye maka ọrụ dịka Wikipedia. AdaCamps so n'ime ọrụ na ihe onwunwe nke Ada Initiative nyere iji mee ka ebe ọrụ bụrụ ndị enyi maka ụmụ nwanyị.

E mere AdaCamps na Melbourne (Jenụwarị nke afo2012), Washington, D.C. (July nke afo 2012), San Francisco (June nke afo2013), Portland (June nke afo 2014), Berlin (October nke afo 2014), Bangalore (November nke afo 2015), na Montreal (April nke afo 2015).  Otu narị ụmụ nwanyị si mba iri sonyere na ihe omume July nke afo 2012, ọ dịkwa ukwuu karịa Melbourne AdaCamp mbụ.

Onye guzobere Valerie Aurora kwuru na ihe kpatara AdaCamp gụnyere "inwe ọganihu ngwa ngwa na nsogbu siri ike, ịkekọrịta ihe ọmụma, na ịkparịta ụka. " Dị ka enweghị nzukọ, ndị bịara na-eduzi nnọkọ na isiokwu ha họọrọ. Tinyere ụmụ nwanyị nwere mmasị na ngwanrọ na-emeghe, ndị bịara nwere ike ịgụnye ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịnweta ohere, agụmakwụkwọ na-emegide, hackerspaces, nnwere onwe dijitalụ, omenala wiki, na isiokwu ndị ọzọ.

Na June nko afo 2015, ndị na-ahazi Ada Initiative kwupụtara njedebe nke AdaCamp na ihe na-emeghe "AdaCamp Toolkit", usoro akwụkwọ atụmatụ iji kọwaa otu esi agba ọsọ ihe omume dị ka AdaCamp.

## Hụkwa ya

* Ada Lovelace, aha nke nzukọ nkwado ahụ
* Ụmụ nwanyị na kọmputa

## Njikọ mpụga ya

* Ihe omume Ada Initiative, gụnyere Ada Camp
Carla Meninsky

**Carla Meninsky** bụbu onye na-emepụta egwuregwu vidio na onye mmemme na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'afọ ndị mbụ nke Atari VCS.
Ya na Carol Shaw (onye mepụtara *3-D Tic-Tac-Toe* na River Raid), Meninsky bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị injinia atọ na Atari, Inc. iji mepụta cartridges egwuregwu vidio.
O mechara bụrụ onye ọka iwu na-ahụ maka ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi.

## Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
Nne Meninsky bụ onye mmemme na Carla mụtara mmemme na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, mana ọ gbanwere site na mgbakọ na mwepụ gaa na neuropsychology na imepụta ụbụrụ na Mahadum Stanford. N'ihi ọrụ nka ya, Meninsky nwere mmasị karịsịa na ọhụụ ma mesịa laghachi azụ na mmemme na nrọ ndụ ya niile nke ịmepụta ngwá ọrụ animation.

Ọ malitere ọrụ kọleji ya na Stanford na-amụ mgbakọ na mwepụ mana o mechara gbanwee gaa na nkà mmụta akparamàgwà mmadụ n'ihi na ọ na-ada ụda karịa. Ọ mụtara Fortran bụ isi na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị site n'aka nne ya, onye bụ onye mmemme, ma site na nke a nwee mmasị na animation kọmputa.

## Atari, Inc.
Meninsky sonyeere Atari mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Stanford na nzere na nkà mmụta akparamàgwà mmadụ.

Maka Atari 2600 o dere egwuregwu ịgba ọsọ *Indy 500* na *Dodge 'Em* (dị ka 1979 Head On coin-op sitere na Sega), ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 1981 nke Atari's Warlords, na 2600 version nke Star Raiders (nke Doug Neubauer mepụtara maka ezinụlọ Atari 8-bit). O mechara rụọ ọrụ n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Tempest nke a na-ahapụghị, mana prototypes dị.

## Ọrụ iwu
Meninsky rụrụ ọrụ maka Electronic Arts (EA) na ndị na-ebipụta egwuregwu ndị ọzọ ma mesịa malite ụlọ ọrụ mmemme nkwekọrịta nke ya. N'oge ọ na-ede nkwekọrịta na ịhụ ka ụlọ ọrụ ụfọdụ na-eleghara ikike ikike ọgụgụ isi anya, ọ malitere inwe mmasị na iwu ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi.
Meninsky gụsịrị akwụkwọ na George Washington University Law School ma ugbu a na-arụ ọrụ iwu ihe onwunwe ọgụgụ isi. Dị ka onye EPIC Public Interest Opportunities Program Fellow, Meninsky gbara akaebe n'ihu US Senate na 2002.
 

## Ebensidee

## Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara

* Carla Meninsky na MobyGames

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ