Osisi na-eri mmadụ

**Osisi na-eri mmadụ** bụ ụdị akụkọ ifo nke Osisi na-eri anụ buru ibu iji gbuo ma rie mmadụ ma ọ bụ nnukwu anụmanụ ọzọ. Echiche nke osisi ndị na-eri mmadụ malitere na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na itoolu, dị ka ịdị adị nke ezigbo anụ anụ na osisi na-akpụ akpụ, nke Charles Darwin kọwara na Insectivorous Plants (1875), na The Power of Movement in Plants (1880), bịara bụrụ ihe ijuanya nye ndị mmadụ n'ozuzu, bụ ndị kwenyere na ọ gaghị ekwe omume na osisi iri anụmanụ ma ọ bụ ịkwaga n'okpuru ike nke aka ha.  Ndị na-ede akwụkwọ malitere ikwubiga okwu ókè maka ikike ndị a maka mmetụta dị ịrịba ama, na-akpata mmụba nke akụkọ ifo banyere osisi ndị dị otú ahụ.

## Osisi Madagascar
Akụkọ mbụ a maara banyere osisi na-eri mmadụ malitere dị ka ihe e chepụtara echepụta nke onye nta akụkọ Edmund Spencer dere maka *New York World*. Isiokwu Spencer pụtara na mbụ na mbipụta kwa ụbọchị nke *New York World* na 26 Eprel 1874, wee pụta ọzọ na mbipụta izu ụka nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ụbọchị abụọ ka e mesịrị. N'isiokwu ahụ, otu onye a na-ekwu na ọ bụ onye nchọpụta German aha ya bụ "Karl Leche" bipụtara akwụkwọ ozi (nke a na-akpọkwa Karl ma ọ bụ Carl Liche na akụkọ ndị ọzọ), onye nyere akụkọ banyere izute Àjà mmadụ nke "ebo Mkodo" nke Madagascar mere:  Ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ nke oge ahụ, gụnyere South Australian Register nke 27 Ọktoba 1874,  ebe ọ nwetara aha ọjọọ ka ukwuu. N'ịkọwa osisi ahụ, akụkọ ahụ kọrọ, sị:Palpi dị gịrịgịrị, nke nwere iwe nke agwọ agụụ na-agụ, na-ama jijiji n'elu isi ya, mgbe ahụ dị ka a ga-asị na ọgụgụ isi ndị mmụọ ọjọọ ejikọtara ya na coils mberede gburugburu na gburugburu olu ya na ogwe aka ya; mgbe ahụ, mkpu ya dị egwu na ọchị ya ka a gafere ya ozugbo n'ime mkpu na-egbu egbu, tendrils otu, dị ka nnukwu agwọ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, na-agbaji ha, na-agbakọta onwe ha, ma na-agbachi obi ọjọọ mgbe ha siri ike.Madagascar mere ka aghụghọ ahụ gbasaa: Land of the Man-eating Tree, akwụkwọ Chase Osborn, onye bụbu Gọvanọ nke Michigan.Osborn kwuru na ebo na ndị ozi ala ọzọ nọ na Madagascar maara banyere osisi ahụ jọgburu onwe ya, kwughachi ihe ndekọ Liche dị n'elu, ma kweta na "Amaghị m ma osisi tigerish a dị n'ezie ma ọ bụ na akụkọ na-agbapụta ọbara banyere ya bụ akụkọ ifo dị ọcha. O zuru ezu maka nzube m ma ọ bụrụ na akụkọ ya na-elekwasị anya na mmasị gị n'otu n'ime ebe ndị kasị nta ama ama nke ụwa. "

N'akwụkwọ 1955, Salamanders na ndị ọzọ Wonders, onye edemede sayensị bụ Willy Ley kpebisiri ike na agbụrụ Mkodo, Carl Liche, na osisi ndị na-eri Madagascar bụ ihe e chepụtara echepụta: "Eziokwu doro anya ugbu a. N'ezie onye na-eri osisi adịghị adị. Ọ dịghị ebo dị otú ahụ.

## Yateveo
Na James W. Buel's Sea and Land (1889),[1] A na-akọwa osisi Yateveo dị ka nwa amaala Africa na South America, nke aha ya bụ maka ịmepụta ụda olu dị ka okwu Spanish ya te veo (lit.  'Ahụla m gị'), na inwe "spines" na-egbu egbu nke yiri "ọtụtụ nnukwu agwọ na-adị n'otu ntabi anya site na mkparịta ụka n'akụkụ ruo mgbe ụfọdụ.  nke na-ejide ma dụpuo ihe ọ bụla e kere eke na-abịarute nso.

## Osisi vaịn vampire
William Thomas Stead, onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Review of Reviews, bipụtara edemede dị mkpirikpi n'ọnwa Ọktoba 1891 nke tụlere akụkọ a hụrụ na magazin *Lucifer*,na-akọwa osisi dị na Nicaragua nke ndị obodo na-akpọ ọnyà ekwensu.  Osisi a nwere ikike "ịkwasa ọbara nke ihe ọ bụla dị ndụ nke na-abịa n'ime aka ya na-egbu egbu."  Dị ka akụkọ si kwuo: Maazị Dunstan, onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị e kere eke, onye si Central America lọta n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ebe ọ nọrọ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ abụọ na-amụ banyere osisi na anụmanụ nke mba ahụ, na-akọ nchọpụta nke uto pụrụ iche n'otu n'ime ala mmiri ndị gbara nnukwu ọdọ mmiri nke Nicaragua gburugburu. Ọ na-achụ nta maka ụdị osisi na nke ụmụ ahụhụ, mgbe ọ nụrụ nkịta ya na-eti mkpu, dị ka a ga-asị na ọ nọ n'ihe mgbu, site n'ebe dị anya. Na-agba ọsọ gaa n'ebe mkpu anụmanụ ahụ si bịa. Maazị Dunstan hụrụ ya na-ekpuchi ya na netwọk zuru oke nke ihe yiri eriri dị mma nke mgbọrọgwụ na eriri. Ndị na-ejere Maazị Dunstan ozi gosipụtara egwu kachasị nke osisi vaịn ahụ, nke ha na-akpọ "ọnyà ekwensu", ma jupụta na akụkọ banyere ike ọnwụ ya. O nwere ike ịchọpụta obere ihe banyere ọdịdị nke osisi ahụ, n'ihi ihe isi ike nke ijikwa ya, n'ezie njide ya nwere ike ịdọwapụ naanị site na ọnwụ nke akpụkpọ ahụ na ọbụna anụ; mana, dịka Maazị Dunstan nwere ike ịchegbu, ike ịmị ya dị n'ọtụtụ ọnụ na-enweghị njedebe ma ọ bụ obere ihe na-amị, nke, na-emechi, na-emeghe maka nnata nri. Ọ bụrụ na ihe ahụ bụ anụmanụ, a na-ewepụ ọbara ahụ ma tụba ozu ma ọ bụ ihe mkpofu ahụ.Nnyocha nke nyocha Stead kpebiri na ọ nweghị akụkọ dị otú ahụ e bipụtara na mbipụta October nke Lucifer, wee kwubie na akụkọ ahụ dị na Nyocha Nyocha pụtara ka ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ.[1]  Akụkọ ahụ pụtara n'ezie na mbipụta Septemba, [2] bu ụzọ dị ogologo na akwụkwọ akụkọ 1889 na-akọwa Dunstan dị ka "onye okike ama ama" sitere na New Orleans".

## Akwụkwọ na ihe nkiri

* "The Man-Eating Tree" (1881) nke Phil Robinson (nke gụnyere n'akwụkwọ ya Under the Punkah) kọwara "osisi na-eri mmadụ" nke a hụrụ na Nubia.
* Onye edemede India bụ Malladi Venkata Krishna Murthy's biological thriller *Nattalostunnayi Jagratta* gosipụtara osisi na-eri mmadụ na Madagascar.
* "The Flowering of the Strange Orchid" (1894) nke H. G. Wells (nke e bipụtara na Pall Mall Budget, August 2 na 9, 1894), banyere orchid nwere ike ime ka ọbara mmadụ dị jụụ ma na-agbanye mmiri. 
* "The Purple Terror" (1899) nke Fred M. White gosipụtara osisi vaịn na-egbu egbu nwere okooko osisi na-acha odo odo nke a maara dị ka "Devil's Poppy" nke na-ejide ma na-egbu ụmụ anụmanụ.
* "Spanish Revenge" (1906) gosipụtara "Yateveo" na Mexico, nke yiri nnukwu cactus nwere ọtụtụ ogwu ogologo, nke na-awakpo onye njem Texas.
* Akụkọ abụọ nke ihe nkiri Dick Tracy (Mr Crime na Lt Teevo) gosipụtara osisi ndị na-eri mmadụ
* Ihe nkiri Maneater of Hydra (1967) gosipụtara onye ọkà mmụta sayensị ara (Cameron Mitchell) nke mepụtara osisi na-eri anụ na nke na-egbu egbu.
* Na Get Smart's "Whats it all about Algie?" (1970) onye ọrụ KAOS Algernon De Grasse (John Van Dreelen) gbalịrị iji osisi na-eri mmadụ gbuo Maxwell Smart
* Na Conan the Buccaneer (1971), otu agbụrụ Amazon ojii na-eji osisi na-eri mmadụ a na-akpọ "Kulamtu" dị ka usoro obi ọjọọ nke igbu ọchụ.
* Enemy Mine, ihe nkiri nke afọ 1985, nke na-egosi mmadụ abụọ lanarịrị ihe mberede ahụ bi na mbara ala na-adịghị mma, nke nwere osisi na-eri anụmanụ.
* The Little Shop of Horrors, ihe nkiri 1960 nke Roger Corman duziri, banyere osisi na-eri mmadụ. E nwekwara egwu, ihe nkiri ọzọ na usoro ihe nkiri na-adabere na ihe nkiri ahụ, nke gosipụtakwara osisi na-eri mmadụ. 
** Little Shop of Horrors (egwú), egwú nke 1982 nke dabeere na ihe nkiri 1960
** Little Shop of Horrors (ihe nkiri), ihe nkiri nke 1986 nke Frank Oz duziri
** Little Shop, usoro ihe nkiri TV na-eme ihe nkiri na 1991 sitere na ihe nkiri 1986 nke Frank Oz mepụtara.
* "The sagebrush Kid" (2008) nke Annie Proulx (akụkọ dị mkpirikpi na Fine Just the Way It Is) gosipụtara sagebrush nke na-etolite na-eri anụmanụ na ụmụ mmadụ mgbe di na nwunye Wyoming na-enweghị nwa "zụlitere" ma nye ya nri.
* Shades of Grey: The Road to High Saffron (2012) nke Jasper Fforde gosipụtara osisi yateveo na-eri anụ. E wepụtara vidiyo "Peril Infoganda" site na YouTube iji kwalite akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, nke akpọrọ "How Not To Be Eaten By a Yateveo"   Akụkọ banyere ụgbọ mmiri ahụ laghachiri na 2024 ọzọ, Red Side Story .*Akụkọ Red Side.*
* Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, nke J. K. Rowling, gụnyere osisi constrictor, nke a maara dị ka "Devil's Snare" nke na-ejikọta ma na-egbutu ihe ọ bụla na-egosipụta mmegharị n'ime eriri ya. O doro anya na agwọ ekwensu anaghị eri anụ oriri ya, dịka ọ dịkarịa ala n'otu oge a chọtara onye ahụ ka dị mgbe osisi ahụ gburu ya.
* The Day of the Triffids, nke John Wyndham, gosipụtara dị ka ndị na-emegide Triffid, osisi na-eri anụ nwere ike ịgagharị, nke na-ejide ma na-eri ndị mmadụ.
* The Hunger of Septopus (*Septopus er Khide*) nke Satyajit Ray gosipụtara osisi na-eri anụ nwere ogwe asaa na ọnụ, nke bụ nwa amaala Nicaragua ma weghachite ya ma mesịa zụlite ya na Kolkata.
* The Life of Pi, nke Yann Martel, bipụtara n'afọ 2001, gụnyere osisi na-eri anụ n'àgwàetiti na-ese n'elu mmiri.
* The Ruins, akụkọ Scott Smith, nke Carter Smith duziri, bụ ihe nkiri 2008 banyere osisi vaịn nke na-egbu ma na-eri mmadụ.
* The Woman Eater (1958) bụ ihe nkiri egwu nke Britain nke dabeere na akụkọ ifo a ma ama akọwapụtara n'elu nke agbụrụ na-achụ ụmụ nwanyị n'àjà maka osisi na-eri anụ, nke onye ọkà mmụta sayensị ara nwetara nke ga-enye ya nri mgbe ọ na-agbalị ịchọpụta ihe nzuzo ya.
* Hothouse bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị nke 1962 nke Brian Aldiss dere. Ọ na-akọwa ọdịnihu dị anya nke ụwa nke ndụ osisi na-achịkwa, na ọtụtụ ụdị osisi na-eri ihe niile.
* N'ihe omume "Tree People" (oge 6, ihe omume 9) nke usoro TV *Grimm*, *Kinoshimobe*, ma ọ bụ onye na-ejere osisi ozi, pụtara. Kinoshimobes, ndị nwere mmekọrịta symbiotic na osisi Jubokko, bụ ihe ndị yiri mmadụ nke e ji ihe ọkụkụ mee na chlorophyll maka ọbara. Ha na-eji osisi vaịn ejide ndị ha na-egbu tupu ha ejiri otu n'ime osisi vaịn ha maa ha mma ruo ọnwụ. Ha nwere ike ime ka osisi vaịn si n'aka ha nakwa site n'ụkwụ ha gbasaa. Ha bụ ihe na-aga nwayọọ nwayọọ, mana ha siri ike, nwere ike ibuli nwoke toro eto.

## Hụkwa

* Carnivorous plant - Osisi ndị na-eri anụmanụ
* Human cannibalism - Omume ụmụ mmadụ na-eri ụmụ mmadụ ndị ọzọ
* Jubokko - Osisi Yōkai n'akụkọ ọdịnala ndị Japan a na-ekwu na ọ na-ebi na ọbara mmadụ
* Man-eating animal - Anụmanụ ma ọ bụ ihe e kere eke nke akụkọ ifo nke na-eme oriri na anụ ahụ mmadụ
* Old Man Willow - Akara ọjọọ na akụkọ ifo Tolkien
* *Puya chilensis* - Bromeliad a nụrụ na ọ nwere ike igbu nnụnụ na atụrụ

## Edensibia

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

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