open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Robert Duncan (onye na-ahụ maka ahụike)

**Robert V. Duncan** bụ onye physics na Mahadum Texas Tech, Texas ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka osote chancellor maka nyocha na Mahadim Missouri na Columbia, Missouri .    Tupu biputere ya ugbu a ọ nwere ọrụ dị iche iche mgbe ọ na-eje ozi dị ka prọfesọ nke physics na UNM, gụnyere onye otu onye nyocha na kọleji nka na sayensị ebe ahụ, prọfesọ nke physics na mbara igwe na Mahadum New Mexico, akpọrọ aha ya  Gordon na Betty Moore Ọkà mmụta dị ịrịba ama na ngalaba nke physics, mgbakọ na mwepụ na mbara igwe na California Institute of Technology (Caltech), na ọ bụ ibe (na ndụ) nke American Physical Society "maka ọsụ ụzọ ọganihu na nnwale nnwale nke ike dị egwu phenomena.  nso superfluid mgbanwe na 4He, na maka mmepe nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ngwá ọrụ na nha usoro maka ojiji na ụwa na na mbara igwe "

N'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2013, Onye isi ala M. Duane Nellis họpụtara Duncan dịka osote onye isi oche maka nyocha na Mahadum Texas Tech. Ọ malitere ọrụ ọhụrụ ya na Jenụwarị 1, 2014. 

CBS News Sixty Minutes gwara Duncan  ọ nyochaa ngwakọta oyi n'aha ha, a kọwakwara nchọpụta ya na mmemme ahụ n'ọnwa Eprel, 2009. N'ime mmemme a, o kwuru na ọ hapụrụ obi abụọ ya ma kwenyesie ike ugbu a na enwere ike ịgwakọta oyi.  kwukwara okwu na Missouri Energy Summit banyere nchọpụta ya na Usoro sayensị.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Yoshiaki Arata

Yoshiaki Arata  - 5 June 2018)  [1][2] bụ onye Japan na-ahụ maka physics. Arata bụ otu n'ime ndị na-eme nchọpụta na Njikọ nuklia na Japan na onye bụbu prọfesọ na Mahadum Osaka. A kọrọ na ọ bụ onye na-ahụ mba n'anya siri ike, na-asụ naanị Japanese n'ihu ọha. Ọ natara Order of Culture na 2006.

Arata malitere nyocha na ibipụta n'ọhịa nke ngwakọta oyi gburugburu 1998, ya na onye ọrụ ibe ya Yue Chang Zhang. .

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* "Nchịkọta oyi" nke Japan Mgbalị na-emepụta nkwupụta na-akpali akpali nke Mgbawa nke Neutrons", Wall Street Journal, 4 Disemba 1989
* "Ndụ ọhụrụ maka ngwakọta oyi?" New Scientist, 9 December 1989, p. 19&nbsp;
* N. Wada na K. Nishizawa, "Nuclear fusion in solid", Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 1989, 28:L2017

## Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara

* Y. Arata na Y. C. Zhang. "Nnweta nke mmeghachi omume siri ike 'okpomọkụ'," Proceedings of the Japanese Academy, usoro B, 1990. 66:l.
* Y.Arata Ntinye aha US 2006/0153752 A

## Edensibia
Bad Science (Akwụkwọ Taubes)

Bad Science: The Short Life and Weird Times of Cold Fusion bụ akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị nke Gary Taubes dere banyere afọ ndị mbụ (1989-1991) nke esemokwu oyi.

## Nchịkọta
Edemede a abụghị ọrụ ndị ọkà mmụta, kama ọ bụ akụkọ a ma ama banyere ihe omume, dabere na ajụjụ ọnụ a gbara ihe karịrị mmadụ 260.  Akwụkwọ ahụ na-enye usoro iheomume nke ihe omume, na-eme ka ikpe ahụ bụrụ na ogige ngwakọta oyi nwere ọtụtụ ihe atụ nke sayensị na-emeghị nke ọma.  A kọwara omume nke Martin Fleischmann, Stanley Pons, na Steven E. Jones, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nke mere nkwupụta mbụ dị egwu nke njikọta, n'ụzọ zuru oke.  Akwụkwọ ahụ na-egosi mmeghachi omume zuru ụwa ọnụ na mgbe e mesịrị enweghị aha nke ogige ngwakọta oyi,  na Taubes na-etinye onwe ya n'akụkụ nke "ezi sayensị".  Taubes -ekwu na njedebe na njikọta oyi gosipụtara na nyocha nwere ike ịga n'ihu ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ihe omume ahụ adịghị adị n'ezie, ọ bụrụhaala na enwere ego.  edeela edemede maka  n'oge gara aga nke ọ na-enye echiche na ọrụ oyi nke Mahadum A&M bụ aghụghọ.

## Nnakwere
Akwụkwọ ahụ nwetara nyocha dị mma na *American Journal of Physics* . Ka ọ na-ekwu na akwụkwọ ahụ "dị mma ịgụ, na-atụ anya, ma nwee nghọta", onye nyocha ahụ katọrọ ya maka itinye ọtụtụ ihe odide ala ala ala (ihe karịrị narị atọ), ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị na-adịghị mkpa.

## Edensibia

### Akwụkwọ

* 
* 
* 
*
Luis Suárez

thumb|'''Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz'''
**Luis Alberto Suárez Díaz** ( [ˈlwis ˈswaɾes]; amụrụ na 24 Jenụwarị n’afọ 1987) bụ onye Uruguay ọkachamara na-agba bọọlụ nke na-agba ọsọ dị ka onye na-agbachitere Campeonato Brasileiro Serie A club Gremio Ndị otu mba Uruguay. 
 
 na-akpọ ya "El Pistolero" ('The Gunman'), a na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị egwuregwu kachasị mma nke ọgbọ ya na otu n'etiti ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe kachasị ukwuu n'oge niile.  meriri European Golden Shoes abụọ, Eredivisie Golden Boot, Premier League Golden Boot na Pichichi Trophy, ma gbaa ihe karịrị 500 ọrụ maka klọb na mba.

Suárez malitere ọrụ ya na Nacional n'afọ 2005. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 19, ọ bịanyere aka na Groningen, tupu ọ gaa Ajax na 2007. N'ebe ahụ, ọ meriri KNVB Cup na Eredivisie. N'afọ 2011, Suárez bịanyere aka na klọb Premier League Liverpool, wee merie League Cup na oge mbụ ya zuru ezu. N'ịbụ onye ya na Daniel Sturridge guzobere mmekọrịta, ọ gbasiri mbọ ike n'egwuregwu Premier League nke egwuregwu 38 wee merie European Golden Shoe mbụ ya na 2014. N'oge okpomọkụ ahụ, Suárez kwagara Barcelona na mbufe ruru £ 64.98 nde (€ 82.3 nde gbanwere maka ịrị elu), na-eme ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime Ndị egwuregwu kachasị ọnụ ahịa n'oge niile.

A na-akpọ ya *MSN*, Suárez so n'otu atọ na Lionel Messi na Neymar, merie okpukpu atọ nke La Liga, Copa del Rey na UEFA Champions League na oge mbụ ya. 'oge nke abụọ ya, ọ meriri Pichi Trophy na nke abụọ ya na European Golden Shoe, na-aghọ onye ọkpụkpọ mbụ kemgbe 2009 iji merie ihe nrite abụọ ọzọ karịa Messi ma ọ bụ Cristiano Ronaldo.  duziri La Liga na inye aka, na-aghọ onye ọkpụkpọ mbụ mere ya na goolu na inye aka na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke league. Na Barcelona, Suárez meriri iko iri ọzọ, gụnyere atọ La Liga utu aha na atọ Copas del Rey.  bịanyere aka na Atletico Madrid na 2020, na-emeri La Liga nke ise ya na oge nke abụọ ya.

 mba ụwa, Suárez bụ onye na-ebute goolu n'oge niile na Uruguay, ma nwee aha onye na-agba goolu kachasị elu na CONMEBOL FIFA World Cup qualifiers tupu onye bụbu onye otu Lionel Messi agafee ya. Ọ nọchitere anya mba ya na mbipụta anọ nke FIFA World Cup na mbipụta atọ nke Copa América, yana 2012 Summer Olympics na 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup. A kpọrọ ya aha na 2010 World Cup All-Star Team wee merie 2011 Copa América, ebe e nyere ya Best Player. N'èzí asambodo bọọlụ ya, Suárez abụwo isi iyi nke esemokwu n'oge niile ọ na-arụ ọrụ, gụnyere ịgba bọọlụ aka megide Ghana na 2010 FIFA World Cup, na-ata ndị iro ugboro atọ, ebubo nke ịdakwasị,   na ihe omume agbụrụ.
Suad Sulaiman

**[[w:Suad Sulieman|Suad Suleiman]] (**Arabic: س**عاد سليمان)** bụ onye gụrụ parasitologysi mba Sudan. O depụtala ọtụtụ akwụkwọ n'ime ngalaba ya. Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ịlebany Tye anya na nsogbu ahụike dị iche iche dịka onye òtù Sudanese National Academy of Sciences (SNAS) 

Suad ji ọrụ onye nchekwa ego na Sudanese National Academy of Sciences, nke e hiwere n'Ọgọst 2005 site na mkpokọta ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si mba Sudan.

### Ọrụ Ya Dịka Onye Gụrụ Akwụkwọ
O jiiri ọkwá onye inyeaka Dean for Academic Issues, Kọleeji Nile, ọkammụta nnyocha ihe ọmụmụ na onye ndu, Ministri n'ahụ maka sayensị na Ịwepụta ihe ọhụrụ ; Onye nkuzi nnyocha na onye isi òtù Tropical Medication Exploration Organization, Ụlọ nnyocha Ọdịmma Ọha; Kedu ihe ọzọ, bụ ugbu a onye ndụmọdụ ahụike na ihu igwe kwụụrụ onwe ya.

O gosipụtara omume ọma na nyocha, nkà ihe ọmụma nyocha, nyocha igbu mmadụ, ọgwụ obodo, na parasitology ụlọ ọgwụ nye ụmụ akwụkwọ kọleji ndị ka na-agụ na ndị gụsịrịla akwụkwọ.

Ọkammụta Suad bụụrụ osote onye isi nke Sudanese Climate Protection Society, na onye sitere na National Bio Safety and Advisory Committee, Higher Gathering for Climate. Ọ nọdụrụ na kọmitii National steering nke Nile Basin Discourse, Sudan forum, bụrụkwa onye ndụmọdụ gbasara nnyocha ahụike, UNESCO seat for women in Science and Innovation, Sudan.

Ugbua, ọ bụ òtù kọmitii ezege nke Sudanese National Academy of Sciences, ma bụrụ onye isi ntụziaka nnyocha, Sudan Medical Heritage Foundation. Ọ na-eje ozi na Board of Trustees nke Haggar Charity Foundation, Khartoum.

## Edensibia
Gwanki

thumb| Gwanki Central Mosque
Gwanki bụ obodo dị na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke steeti Kano. Gwanki dị na Bagwai local government na Kano state.

## Ntụaka
Echiche Widom-Larsen

**Echiche Widom-Larsen** bụ nkọwa a tụrụ anya maka mmeghachi omume nuklia dị ala (LENR) nke Allan Widom na Lewis Larsen mepụtara na 2005.  N'ime akwụkwọ ahụ na-akọwa echiche ahụ, ha na-ekwu na a na-emepụta neutrons ultra low momentum n'ime ngwa ngwakọta oyi.  n'oge mmekọrịta na-adịghị ike mgbe protons na-ejide electrons "dị arọ" site na elu metallic hydride.  Otu isi iyi kwenyere  ọ bụ "ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume na ike eletrọn maka mmepụta neutron nwere ike iru na usoro lattice metal na-enweghị nnukwu ike".

Yogendra Srivastava gbasawanyere echiche ahụ na Widom na Larsen na 2014, bụ ndị gara n'ihu na-atụ aro na ọ nwere ike ịbụ nkọwa maka neutrons hụrụ na nnwale waya na-agbawa, corona anyanwụ na flares, na mmepụta neutron na égbè eluigwe. .   dị, a chọrọ ọnụ ọgụgụ na-enweghị isi nke electrons nwere onwe ha maka mmepụta neutron ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke neutrons égbè eluigwe, na-ewepu nkọwa ahụ.

## Edensibia
Uru dị ịtụnanya

N'ime iwu patent nke United States, ịba uru dị egwu bụ echiche nke, ka ihe mepụtara wee bụrụ ikike ikike, ọ ga-enwerịrị ọrụ bara uru kwesịrị ntụkwasị obi.  Ọ bụrụ na ọ nweghị ọrụ bara uru a pụrụ ịdabere na ya n'agbanyeghị nkwupụta nke onye na-emepụta ihe, mgbe ahụ enwere ike ịjụ ngwa maka patent dị ka inwe "ọrụ dị egwu".  Ihe nchoputa ahụ ekwesịghị ịrụ ọrụ dịka onye na-emepụta ihe si eche na ọ na-arụ ọrụ, ma ọ ghaghị ime ihe bara uru.  Ikike ikike ejidere na adịghị mma maka ịba uru dị egwu gụnyere:

* ihe e mepụtara iji gbanwee ụtọ nri site na iji magnetik (Fregeau v. Mossinghoff, 776 F.2d 1034, 227 USPQ 848 (Fed. Cir. 1985)),
* a perpetual motion machine (*Newman v. Quigg*, 877 F.2d 1575, 11 USPQ2d 1340 (Fed. Cir. 1989)),
* igwe na-efe efe na-arụ ọrụ na "flaping ma ọ bụ flutter ọrụ" (*Na re Houghton*, 433 F.2d 820, 167 USPQ 687 (CCPA 1970)),
* usoro ngwakọta oyi maka ịmepụta ike (*Na re Swartz*, 232 F.3d 862, 56 USPQ2d 1703, (Fed. Cir. 2000)),
* usoro maka ịbawanye mmepụta ike nke mmanụ ala mgbe ọkụ na-ere site na ikpughe na mpaghara magnetik (*Na re Ruskin*, 354 F.2d 395, 148 USPQ 221 (CCPA 1966)),
* ihe ndị a na-amaghị maka ịgwọ ọtụtụ ọrịa kansa (*Na re Citron*, 325 F.2d 248, 139 USPQ 516 (CCPA 1963)), na
* usoro nke ịchịkwa usoro ịka nká (*Na re Eltgroth*, 419 F.2d 918, 164 USPQ 221 (CCPA 1970)). 

 ga-emeri ịjụ nke dabeere na uru dị egwu site n'inye ihe akaebe na, "ọ bụrụ na, a tụlere ya n'ozuzu ya, [...] na-eduga onye nwere nkà nkịtị na nka iji kwubie na uru a na-ekwusi ike nwere ike karịa eziokwu".

## Hụkwa

* Mmetụta ụlọ ọrụ
* Ozu nke ikpughe

## Edensibia
Stanley Pons

**Bobby Stanley Pons** (amụrụ n'August 23, 1943) bụ onye America na-ahụ maka electrochemist nke a maara maka ọrụ ya na Martin Fleischmann na oyi fusion na 1980s na 1990s.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Pons na Valdese, North Carolina.  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Valdese, wee gaa Mahadum Wake Forest na Winston-Salem, North Carolina, ebe ọ gụrụ kemistri.  Ọ malitere ọmụmụ PhD na kemistri na Mahadum Michigan dị na Ann Arbor, mana ọ hapụrụ tupu ya emechaa PhD.  Ngụsị akwụkwọ ya rụpụtara akwụkwọ, nke jikọtara ya na Harry B. Mark, onye ndụmọdụ ya n'afọ 1967.  Akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times dere na ọ sụrụ ụzọ ụzọ iji tụọ ụdị mmeghachi omume kemịkal dị n'elu electrode. .

O kpebiri ịmecha PhD ya na England na Mahadum Southampton, ebe ọ zutere Martin Fleischmann n'afo  1975. Pons bụ nwa akwụkwọ n'òtù Alan Bewick; ọ nwetara PhD ya n'afọ 1978. 

## Ọrụ
Na Machị 23, 1989, mgbe Pons bụ onyeisi oche nke ngalaba kemịkal na Mahadum Utah,  ya na Fleischmann kwupụtara mmepụta nnwale nke "N-Fusion", nke a kpọrọ ngwa ngwa site na njikọ oyi.  Mgbe obere oge nke otuto ọha  eze gasịrị, ọtụtụ narị ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwara imepụta mmetụta ahụ mana ha adaghị.  achọpụtara  nkwupụta ahụ enweghị ike imegharị, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị kpebiri na nkwupụta ndị ahụ ezughi oke na ezughi ezi. [1] [2]   

Pons kwagara France na 1992, ya na Fleischmann, ịrụ ọrụ na ụlọ nyocha Toyota kwadoro. Ụlọ nyocha ahụ mechiri  1998 mgbe itinye ego nyocha £ 12 nde na-enweghị nsonaazụ doro anya.  hapụrụ nwa amaala US ya [1] wee ghọọ nwa amaala France. 

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Electroanalytical Chemistry bụ akwụkwọ sayensị nyochara ndị ọgbọ na kemịkalụ electroanalytical, nke Elsevier bipụtara ugboro abụọ kwa ọnwa.  Ewubere ya na 1959 n'okpuru aha ugbu a, mana amaara ya dị ka Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry site na 1967 ruo 1991. X.-H na-edezi ya ugbu a.  Xia (Mahadum Nanjing).  Ejikọtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na International Society of Electrochemistry.  Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ugbu a nanị n'asụsụ Bekee, mpịakọta ndị mbụ na-ebipụta mgbe ụfọdụ akụkọ na French na German.

Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ, nke *The New York Times* kọwara dị ka "akwụkwọ pụrụ iche a na-ekesaghị n'ọtụtụ ebe" na 1990,  ghọrọ ihe a ma ama na 1989 mgbe Martin Fleischmann na Stanley Pons bipụtara nkọwa nke nyocha ha na-ese okwu na ya,  na-ewepụ ọrụ ha na mbipụta na Nature mgbe a jụrụ ajụjụ n'oge nyocha ndị ọgbọ n'ebe ahụ.

## Nchịkọta na ndepụta
Dị ka Journal Citation Reports si kwuo, *Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry* nwere mmetụta nke afọ 2021 nke 4.598.  Edere ya ma depụta ya n'ime nchekwa data akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ndị a

* Ihe Ndị Na-adịghị Ahụ anya
* Ihe ndị dị ugbu a
* Mkpụrụ osisi Abstract
* Ndepụta Injinia
* INSPEC
* Scopus
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke Nchịkọta Sayensị
* Ihe Abstracts nke Aluminum n'ụwa

## Edensibia
Igwe ọkụ eletrik

Ion Reactor, bụ ihe onye sayensị Britain mepụtara.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
N'afọ 2011, Dr Christopher Strevens (onye mepụtara ihe si London) malitere itinye ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nwere ntụziaka maka otu esi ewu "fusion reactor" ya, nke ọ na-ekwu, sị: "Na-emepụta helium site na hydrogen. Ọ na-ejikwa ike enyere n'oge mmeghachi omume dị ka ike eletrik. "Ọ na-egosikwa ọtụtụ vidiyo na YouTube na-egosi ụdị gas dị iche site na tupu na mgbe; yana igosi nyocha spectral nke na-egosi na hydrogen ọ na-etinye n'ime usoro ahụ agbanweela helium - ihe omume nuklia.

O kwuru, sị: "Achọpụtara m na mgbe m mụbara ike na-akpali akpali ruo 800 Watts, mmepụta ya rịrị elu ruo 2,000 Watts [2.5-ugboro oke], na mgbe m kewapụrụ reactor site na ihe na-akwalite akpali, ike a nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ, na-edebe ike na ọkwa a. Enwere m ohere nke a obere oge tupu m ejikọta ihe na-eme ka akpali ma gbanwee ike ahụ kwụsị".

N'ihi nnwale ahụ dị ize ndụ, ọ ga-achọ karama seramiiki paramagnetic pụrụ iche nke glazed n'ime iji nwee ion hydrogen ma jiri oghere magnetik nke coils na ntinye nke ubi ion mee karama magnetik iji gbochie mmeghachi omume ion.

Nkọwa dị nkenke nke ngwaọrụ ahụ, ịbụ tube hydrogen nke ejiri eriri voltaji dị elu na ụdị eriri igwe na-enye ume dị ka eriri tesla dị elu maka ionizer.  Emebere ngwaọrụ ahụ n'ime tube enyo doro anya na nnwale mbụ na-eji induction iji ionize gas na ubi nke gas ionized mere iji mee ka ikuku ion dị ike.

Mmetụta ahụ yiri pyroelectric fusion ma kama nke pyroele electric crystals na-ewepụ electrons site na hydrogen atọm ọ bụ nnukwu voltaji induced electromagnetic field of coils and electrostatic induction of the ionized gas.

## Edensibia
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs,nasa.govern/19660030642.pdf

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ionization: **http://www.britannica.com/science/ionization
* Njikọ ọkụ eletrik
* LC tank Circuit: http://www.circuitstoday.com/basic-oscillatory-circuits
* Plasma Physics:
** Mgbasa oyi
Widefield ASKAP L-Band Legacy All-Sky Blind Survey

Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind surveY (WALLABY)  bụ nyocha ọgbọ na-esote nke 21 cm redio sitere na Hydrogen na-anọpụ iche (HI) na Local Universe. &nbsp;Ọ bụ Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope na-akwado ya, WALLABY ga-enyocha ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ anọ nke mbara igwe n'elu -90 ° ruo +30 ° ruo redshift nke 0.26. Ọ ga-enwe mkpebi nkuku nke 30 arcsec na mmetụta nke 1.6 mJy /beam na ọwa 4 km / s ọ bụla. &nbsp;A na-atụ anya na WALLABY ga-achọpụta ihe dị ka ụyọkọ kpakpando Narị puku ise  na redshift nke 0.05, na nkezi nke ihe dị ka 200 Mpc. Ihe mgbaru ọsọ sayensị nke WALLABY gụnyere:  

* ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụyọkọ kpakpando ndị jupụtara na gas na nso nke Local Group;
* ọmụmụ nke njirimara HI nke ụyọkọ kpakpando, ìgwè na ụyọkọ, gụnyere mmetụta nke gburugburu ebe obibi na evolushọn ụyọkọ.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ndị otu B. S. Koribalski na L. Staveley-Smith duziri atụmatụ ọrụ WALLABY na 2009.  ASKAP họọrọ ya na abụọ kachasị elu n'ime ọrụ nyocha sayensị iri, yana Koribalski na Staveley-Smith bụ ndị isi nyocha.  Koribalski kwụsịrị n'afọ 2019. Ugbu a, Lister Staveley-Smith bụ onye nyocha isi, Karen Lee-Waddell bụ ọkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ, na Tobias Westmeier bụ onye njikwa ọrụ .. Ndị otu WALLABY nwere ugbu a karịa ndị otu one hundred and fifty.  ugbu a.

### Nsonaazụ sayensị mbụ
E bipụtara ọtụtụ nsonaazụ sayensị site na nchọpụta WALLABY Early Science. Ihe ndị dị mkpa gụnyere nchọpụta atọ nke ìgwè ụyọkọ kpakpando,    na nyocha abụọ zuru ezu nke ụyọkọ ụyọkọ ndị dị nso.  

## Nnyocha ụgbọelu WALLABY
N'ịkwadebe maka nyocha WALLABY zuru oke, nke a na-atụ anya ịmalite n'afọ 2021, WALLAPY mere nyocha nyocha n'afọ 2020, nke nwere mpaghara nyocha atọ na ntụziaka nke Hydra, NGC 4636 na Norma. A hụla data niile n'ụzọ zuru ezu, a na-emekwa ka ogige Hydra dị mma ma see ya, na-eduga na ntọhapụ mbụ nke data maka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nchọpụta HI 150 na ntụziaka nke ụyọkọ Hydra. Ndị otu sayensị WALLABY na-enyocha data Hydra ugbu a, a na-atụkwa anya akwụkwọ sayensị mbụ na ngwụcha 2020.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Edensibia
Mahadum Dorham

### Akụkọ Ndụ Ya

### Mmalite Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ Ya

### Ọrụ na Ímé Nnyocha Yá

### Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya

### Akwụkwọ Ndị Ebipụtara Ahọpụtara

### Ihe Ndí Nhụwa Ama

### Hụkwa

### Edensibia
Sulafa Khalid Mohamed Ali

**[[w:Sulafa Khalid Mohamed Ali|Sugars Khalid Mohamed Ali]]**  (; amụrụ 24 Ọktoba 1964, na Khartoum) bu nwanyị ọsụ ụzọ n'ihe gbasara ọrịa obi ụmụaka na Sudan.

### Mmalite Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ Ya
A mụrụ Sulafa Khalid Mohamed Ali na 24 Ọktoba 1964 na Khartoum, Sudan. Sulafa gụchara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Khartoum North High School n'etiti 1980 na 1983. O nwetara nzere B.Med n'isi ọmụmụ ịgwọ ọrịa na Faculty of Medicine, Mahadum Khartoum n'afọ 1989. Na 1995, e mere ya ka ọ sonye Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health wee bụrụ onye òtù n'afọ 2006.

### Ọrụ Ya
Sulafa malitere ọzụzụ na ngalaba ahụike ya dị ka onye isi ụlọ na ụlọ ọgwụ nkuzi nke Khartoum (1990–1991), tupu ọ bụrụ onye dọkịnta na-agwọ ụmụaka bị ebi (1991–1993). N'afọ 1993, ọ kwagara Saudi Arabia iji sonye na Ụlọ Ọgwụ Nchebe, Riyadh, dị ka onye na-elekọta ụmụaka, tupu ya abanye na Ụlọ Ọgwụ Prince Salman, Riyadh, n'afọ 1997 dị ka ọkachamara n'ịgwọ ụmụaka, emesia ọ banye na King Abdul-Aziz Cardiac Centre n'afọ 1999 dị ka onye enyemaka na-enye ndụmọdụ na Fellow Pediatric Cardiology.
Sulafa laghachiri Sudan ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na Sudan Heart Center na Jafar Ibn Ouf Children's Hospital dị ka onye ndụmọdụ Pediatric Cardiologist kemgbe July 2004 na onye ọkammụta nsonye na ngalaba nke ọmụmụ ọgwụ, Mahadum Khartoum. A kwalitere ya ka ọ bụrụ prọfesọ Associate na July 2008 ma mesịa bụrụ onye prọfesọ na July 2012 na Ngalaba Pediatrics na Child Health, Mahadum Khartoum.
 
Ọ gbaala mbọ nlekọta ọrịa obi valvular n'ọtụtụ ebe dịpụrụ adịpụ na Sudan nwere nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma site n'ịkwalite ego na itinye ego nyocha. N'afọ 2012, o hiwere mmemme Fellowship Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship na Sudan Medical Specialization Board. N'aka n'aka ya na Federal Ministry of Health, o kepụtara mmemme iji jikwaa ọrịa obi valvular n'afọ 2012.
Na mgbakwunye na kọmitii ọkachamara nke WHO banyere ọrịa obi Rheumatic, ọ bụ onye òtù ọtụtụ ndị òtù sayensị mba na mba ụwa.
 
Ọ bụ onye okike na onye isi oche nke Sudan Rheumatic Heart Disease Control Programme na Sudanese Children's Heart Society, otu anaghị akwụ ụgwọ na-akwado ụmụaka nwere ọrịa obi. Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche Pan African Network of Pediatric Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease kemgbe 2022.

### Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya
Enyere Sulafa ihe nrite Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum Prize in Community Medicine n'afọ 1988 na Pediatrics n'afọ 1989. Ọ natakwara Nrite nke Distinguished Young Researcher si Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, n'afọ 1996. A họpụtara Sulafa dị ka onye Onye òtù Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health n'afọ 2006, na onye òtù American College of Cardiology n'afọ 2007.
 
N'ime nzukọ nke iri isii na asaa nke Kọmitii Mpaghara nke WHO maka mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ Mediterranean na Cairo, Egypt, na Ọktoba 2020, Sulafa nwetara State of Kuwait Prize for Control of Cancer, Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes in Eastern Mediterranean Region enyemaka ya pụtara ìhè na ngalaba nke ọrịa obi. Sulafa e nwetara ihe nrite nkwado World Heart Federation n'afọ 2022 .

### Edensibia
Deresh Ramjugernath

**[[w:Deresh Ramjugernath|Deresh Ramjugernath]]** FAAS bụ Ọkammụta si mba South Africa n'isi ọmụmụ Engineering Technology and Applied Sciences.  Ọ bụụrụ osote onye isi nnyocha na Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) na osote onye isi na nkuzi na mmụta na Mahadum Stellenbosch (SU) ugbu a.

### Agụmakwụkwọ Ya
Ramjugernath gụsịrị akwụkwọ ya niile na Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal.  O bu ụzọ nweta nzere BSc ya n'isi ọmụmụ Chemical Engineering n'afọ 1993, nzere MSc sochiri ya n'afọ 1995, na nzere Ph.D. n'isi ọmụmụ Chemical Injinia n'afọ 2000.

### Ọrụ na Ime Nnyocha Ya
Ramjugernath ghọrọ ọkammụta nke injinia kemịkal mgbe ọ dị afọ iri atọ na otu na Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal. N'afọ 2007, ọ ghọrọ osote onye isi Research and Postgraduate Studies na ngalaba Engineering nke otu Mahadum ahụ.  Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka osote onye isi nke nnyocha na osote onye nnọchi anya Innovation, Commercialization, na Entrepreneurship tupu a họpụta ya dị ka osota onye isi nke mmụta na nkuzi na Mahadum Stellenbosch.   Nnyocha Ramjuger na-elekwasị anya na Thermodynamics / Separation  gụnyere nkwụsi ike ikuku-mmiri dị elu,  nkwụsi Ike ikuku-mmị dị ala,  nkwụsi okwu mmiri na mmeghachi omume kemịkal,  pyrolysis, thermodynamics dị elu,  nkwụsi nkwụsi ọrụ gas hydrate,  na nkwụsi ọkụ plasma dị elu.

### Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya
A họpụtara Ramjugernath ka ọ bụrụ onye òtù Academy of Sciences of South Africa, African Academy of Sciences kemgbe 2015,  na onye òtù South African Academy of Engineering. 

Ọ natara ihe nrite President's Award site na National Research Foundation (NRF), na National Science and Technology Forum (NSTF), South Africa.  Ọ bụkwa onye natara Vice-Chancellor's Research Award site na Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal. 

### Akwụkwọ ndị O Bipụtara Ahọpụtara
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Ntinye nke mmepụta gas hydrate na usoro nkewa: Nnyocha nke ọmụmụ nnwale''. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics nke Usoro Na-adịgide Adịgide. **46**: 62–71. doi:10.1016/j.jct.2011.10.006. ISSN 0021-9614.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Nkọwapụta nke ihe ndị dị ọcha: Akụkụ 1. Nkọwapụta nke ebe ọ na-esi ísì ọma nke ihe ndị na-abụghị electrolyte site na onyinye otu na mmekọrịta otu''. Fluid Phase Equilibria. **226**: 45–63. doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2004.09.001. ISSN 0378-3812.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] ''Nkọwapụta nke ihe ndị dị ọcha: Akụkụ nke 3. Nkọwapụta nke nrụgide ikuku nke ihe ndị na-abụghị electrolyte site na onyinye otu na mmekọrịta otu''. Fluid Phase Equilibria. **269** (1): 117–133. doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2008.04.020. ISSN 0378-3812.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Coefficients na Infinite Dilution of Organic Solutes na 1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate site na Gas−Liquid Chromatography. *Journal of Chemical &amp;amp; Engineering Data*. **48** (3): 708–711. doi:10.1021/je0256481. ISSN 0021-9568.&nbsp;

### Edensibia
Ashraf Mansour

**[[w:Ashraf Mansour|Ashraf Mansour]]** <small>FAAS</small> () bụ ọkàmmụta sayensị si mba Egypt na ọkammụta n'isi ọmụmụ polymer physics. Ọ bụ onye guzobere na Onye isi oche nke Bọọdụ Ezege nke Mahadum German dị na Cairo (GUC).

### Agụmakwụkwọ na Ọrụ Ya
Mansour nwetara nzere ọkankuzi ya n'isi ọmụmụ polymer physics site na Mahadum Ulm n'afọ 1992.
N'afọ 1994, Mansour malitere usoro nke ihiwe Mahadum German n'Ijipt. Mahadum German dị na Cairo (GUC) bụ mahadum German izizi ehiwere na mpụga Germany na mpụga ókè Europe. E hiwere ya dabere na iwu onye isi ala nyere n'afọ 2002 nke onye bụbu Onye isi ala Hosni Mubarak, Chancellor German Gerhard Schroeder, na ọtụtụ ndị ama ama na ngalaba ọrụ ngò ma agụmakwụkwọ nke Ijipt na German.
N'afọ 2003, ehiwere GUC na mpụga oke obodo Cairo. Mansour nwetara iwu mahadum teknụzụ ọhụrụ na New Cairo City, na-nkwado n'ego nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ǹdè euro iri na ise sitere n'aka ndị Egypt nyere onyinye, ma tinye inyeaka nke ngalaba ọmụmụ Stuttgart na Mahadum Ulm iji mee ka echiche ya pụta ìhè. Ha nyere aka n'ịrụ na ịhiwe ụlọ nnyocha n'ụzọ teknụzụ wee weta usoro ọmụmụ German ha. Ebumnuche ahụ nwetara enyemaka ego site n'aka DAAD n'ihe ruru ka narị puku euro isii dịka akụkụ nke mmemme mbupụ nke Usoro Ọmụmụ ihe German gaa na mba ndị ọzọ. Ụmụ akwụkwọ, ndị ọkà mmụta, na ndị nchọpụta sitere na GUC na-enwetakwa nkwado agụmakwụkwọ n'efu DAAD nakwa Alexander von Humboldt Foundation n'oge ọmụmụ na nnyocha dị iche iche. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Bọọdụ Ezege nke mahadum ahụ. 
Mgbe Egyptian Revolution nke 2011 gasịrị, ndị Supreme Council of the Armed Forces (SCAF) kwadoro Ashraf ka ọ bụrụ onye isi Ministry of Higher Education n'afọ 2014 mana Supreme Council of Universities Egypt megidere nhọpụta ya. Hossam Eisa nọgidere n'ọnọdụ ahụ, Ashraf El-Shiny ewee nọchie ya na Septemba 2015.

### Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya
N'afọ 2008, Mansour nwetara ihe nrite Federal Cross of Merit, ebe ọ bụkwa onye omeiwu nsọpụrụ nke Mahadum Ulm. A họpụtara Mansour ka ọ bụrụ onye òtù asọpụụrụ nke African Academy of Sciences n'afọ 2018.

### Edensibia
Viness Pillay

**[[w:Viness Pillay|Vines Pillar]] [[w:African Academy of Sciences|<small>FAAS</small>]]** (1970–2020) bụ Ọkammụta si mba South Africa n'isi ọmụmụ Pharmacy na Mahadum Witwatersrand na Johannesburg. Ọ bụ onye isi Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform (WADDP), onye òtù African Academy of Sciences, Academy of Translational Medicine Professionals (ATMP) na onye nrite uru 2013 Olusegun Obasanjo Innovative Award maka ịzụlite RapiDiss Wafer Technology dị ka ụzọ ọhụrụ iji nye ọgwụ njitu anti-retroviral (ARV) dị irè maka ụmụaka nwere nsogbu HIV/AIDS.

### Agụmakwụkwọ Ya
O nwetara nzere Mastas (M.Sc) ya n'isi ọmụmụ pharmacy site na Mahadum Durban-Westville (South Africa) n'afọ 1996 wee nweta nzere PhD ya na Mahadum Temple n'afọ 2000 dị ka onye ọkà mmụta Fulbright.

### Ngalaba ndị O Mere Nnyocha Ya
Viness lekwasịrị anya na Usoro Nhazi Akwụkwọ Ọhụụ na Atụmatụ Nhazi, Mmepe na Ntụle nke Sistemụ Mwepụta Ọgwụ Na-achịkwa Oral.

### Ihe Ntinye Ya na Ngalaba sayensị
Ọ mepụtara RapiDiss Wafer Technology dịka ụzọ ọhụrụ iji nye ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ mgbochi retroviral (ARV) dị irè nye ụmụaka nwere nje HIV / AIDS. Ọ mepụtara matriks kacha agbaze ngwa ngwa n'ụwa maka mmalite nke omume ọgwụ ngwa ngwa n'ime ahụ mmadụ, ngwaọrụ akwara maka ọgwụgwọ na mmerụ ahụ na ọnya ọnya na teknụzụ ọgwụgwọ ọhụụ. O weputara ihe nlere anya nke molecular nke ya nke a na-akpọ PEiGOR Theory - Pillay's Electro-influenced Geometric Organisation-Reorganization. E bipụtara echiche a na International Journal of Pharmaceutics.

### Mmekọrịta Ya na Òtù Ndị Ọ Nọgasị na Há
A họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye òtù Academy of Science of South Africa n'afọ 2012. Ọ bụkwa onye òtù American Chemical Society, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, New York Academy of Sciences, Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences of South Africa, na The Biomaterials Network 

### Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya
Ọ bụ onye na-erite uru na onyinye nturu ugo National Research Foundation (NRF).

## Ọnwụ
Pillay nwụrụ na 24 Julaị 2020 ka ọ rịagoro ọrịa ogologo oge. Ọ hapụrụ nwunye na nwa ya nwanyị.

### Edensibia
Salah Obaya

**[[w:Salah Sabry A. Obayya|Salah Sabra A. Obayya]]** bụ Ọkammụta si mba Ijipt n'isi ọmụmụ Photonics na onye nduzi nke Center for Photonics and Smart Materials na Zewail City of Science and Technology. Ọ bụ onye òtù African Academy of Sciences, Optical Society of America, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), na Society of Photographic Instrumentation Engineers

### Agụmakwụkwọ Ya
Ọkammụta Salah nwetara nzere B.Sc na M.Sc ya n'isi ọmụmụ Electronics and Communications Engineering na Mahadum Mansoura n'afọ 1991 na 1994 n'otu n'otu. O nwetara nzere ọkankuzi ya n'afọ 1999 n'okpuru nlekọta nkwonkwo nke Mahadum City dị na London na Mahadum Mansoura, Egypt.

### Ọrụ Ya
N'afọ 2012, Ọkammụta Salah sonyeere Zewail City of Science and Technology, ebe ọ bụ Ọkammụta na onye nduzi nke Center for Photonics na Smart Materials ugbua. Agbanyeghị, tupu osonye ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ọ kụziri na Mahadum Brunel, London, Mahadum Leeds, na [Mahadum South Wales] ebe emere ya onye isi mmalite nke [w:|Photonics and Broadband Communications (PBC) Research Center.

### Mmekọrịta na Òtù Ndị O Sogasị na Ha
Ọ bụ onye òtù Egypt Society of Optical Science and Applications (ESOSA), Institute of Engineering and Technology, Institute of Physics, Higher Education Academy, na Institute of Electric and Electronics Engineers na Society, Wales Institute of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Optical Society of America (OSA), International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) na onye òtù Applied Computical Electromagnetics Society (ACES).

### Ihe Nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù Ya
N'afọ 2017, ọ ritere Khalifa Award maka Ọkammụta Arab ọpụrụiche na nnyocha sayensị. N'afọ 2019, ọ ritere akara ugo mmụta sayensị na nka nke izizi na ihe nrite ekele steeti na ngalaba sayensị injinia. N'afọ 2021 o ritere African Union Kwame Nakroma Awards maka Ọkachamma n'agụmakwụkwọ.

### Edensibia
Ihe Nlekọta Nnụnụ

Bird Watcher's Digest bụ magazin na-ebipụta kwa ọnwa nke e guzobere na 1978. Bird Watcher' Digest bụ magazin mbụ na-ekiri nnụnụ, ọ bụkwa naanị magazin na-ekiri ụmụ nnụnụ nke ezinụlọ nwere ma na-arụ ọrụ. Bird Watcher's Digest na-arụkọ ọrụ mgbe ụfọdụ ma na-akwado Wild Birds Unlimited na Wild Bird Centers yana òtù ndị na-ahụ maka nnụnụ gụnyere Cornell Lab of Ornithology, National Wildlife Refuge Association, Roger Tory Peterson Institute, na mmemme ndị ọzọ nke okike na nnụnụ. Ọ bụ ezie na magazin mbụ ahụ mechiri na Disemba 2021, ndị nwe ya ọhụrụ zụrụ ya na Machị 2022 ma, site na ọrụ nke ndị isi ọrụ, na-aga n'ihu na ihe nketa ya dị ka Magazin ''BWD''.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
 bụ William na Elsa Thompson malitere *BWD* na Marietta, Ohio. N'ịmara obere ihe banyere mbipụta, ndị Thompsons zigara 32,000 nke magazin mbụ ha na Septemba 1978.

N'afọ 1994, Bill Thompson, Jr., hapụrụ *BWD* ka ọ bụrụ osote onye isi oche nke alma mater ya, Marietta College. Nwunye ya Elsa na ụmụ ha nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ ahụ: Bill Thompson III dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ; Andy Thompson dị ka onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ; na Laura Thompson dị ka Onye nduzi mgbasa ozi.

Azụmaahịa ahụ mechara gbasaa karịa magazin ahụ. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bipụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ọnwa (Backyard Bird Newsletter) ma gbasaa na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ na-ekiri nnụnụ, akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nta, gụnyere Bird Watcher's Digest Original Birdhouse Book (1979).

Ọtụtụ ndị a ma ama n'obodo nnụnụ dere maka Bird Watcher's Digest, dị ka onye bụbu onye isi ala Jimmy Carter, Roger Tory Peterson, David Allen Sibley, Kenn Kaufman, Betty White, Eirik A. T. Blom, Julie Zickefoose, David Bird na Scott Shalaway. 

Ọ bụ ezie na magazin ahụ kwụsịrị ibipụta na 2021, Big Year LLC zụrụ ya na March 2022 ma malite ibipụta ya na July-August 2022 n'okpuru njikwa ọhụrụ. 

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Magazin BWD
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Bird Watcher's Digest
* Bill of the Birds blog
Usoro ụgbọ mmiri Tripper

usoro igodo nke dabeere Map Google Maps na ọgba tum tum si Royal Enfield (India) , gụnyere Himalayan, Meteor, na Interceptor 650.

Na Mee nke 2022 ewepụrụ usoro Tripper dị ka akụrụngwa ọkọlọtọ wee mee nhọrọ, na nzaghachi maka ụkọ semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ.

## Edensibia
Mmwave sensing

wave (mmWave) sensing bụ usoro na-enweghị njikọ nke iji mmWave radar sensors iji tụọ mmegharị, ọsọ, na akụkụ dị ka obere dị ka akụkụ nke milimita. Usoro  chọrọ ihe mmetụta radar mmWave iji zipu ma nata pulses nke millimeter electromagnetic wave energy, na-achọpụta ihe ndị a na-achọ na mmegharị site na ntụgharị ọ na-enweta azụ. Ihe n ọzọ dị ka ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe, ndị na-emepụta mgbaàmà na teknụzụ ndị ọzọ a na-etinye n'ime ya na-emepụta ihe ọhụrụ ma melite arụmọrụ nke usoro ahụ. Ngwa n dị ugbu a maka teknụzụ a gụnyere nsuso mmegharị mmadụ na anụmanụ, nchọpụta ọnụnọ mmadụ, na nchọpụta nke ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa maka ojiji n'ofe ụgbọ ala, ihu igwe, ahụike na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike anụ ụlọ ma na-abụkarị ihe ọzọ maka teknụgbọala a na-eyi maka otu ojiji ahụ.

N'iji ya tụnyere teknụzụ mmetụta site na iji redio ndị ọzọ na electromagnetic spectrum dị ka infrared ma ọ bụ ultra-wideband, mmWave na-eji 30 ruo 300 gigahertz (GHz). Ihe mmetụta mmWave -eji 24-, 60- na 77-GHz nke ọ bụla nwere uru nke ha maka ngwa ụfọdụ.

## Ngwa

### Ụgbọala
Enwere ike iji sensing MmWave n'ime ụgbọ ala iji melite ọrụ nchekwa nke ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na ndị njem.[6]  Uru ndị ama ama nke iji teknụzụ mmWave n'ime ụgbọ ala dabere na ikike ya ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na oghere nwere obere ọkụ yana obere ọhụhụ.  MmWave sensing nwere ike banye n'ime ihe ndị dị ka plastik, textiles, na ugegbe, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ enweghị kọntaktị.  

Ngwa ndị na-adịbeghị anya maka mmWave sensing ụgbọ ala gụnyere:

* Nchọpụta nke ndị bi na ya
* Nchọpụta ọnụnọ ụmụaka (CPD) 
* Ihe ncheta oche
* Ntinye ikuku kachasị mma
* Nlekọta nke ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa nke onye ọkwọ ụgbọala 

### Ndụ enyere aka na nlekọta ndị agadi
Enwere ike iji mmetụta MmWave n'ụlọ na ebe a na-elekọta ndị agadi iji nyere ndị agadi aka, ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-eme agadi, na ndị nlekọta.  Iji teknụzụ mmWave anaghị akpa ike n'ihi na ọ naghị eji igwefoto ma ọ bụ igwe okwu maka ngwa ya, ọ chọghịkwa ka ndị ọrịa jiri ngwaọrụ wearable maka nsochi.

### Ebe Obibi
N'ịbụ nke e jikọtara n'ime ngwa maka ọnụnọ na nchọpụta obibi, enwere ike itinye mmWave sensing na ụlọ smart iji mee ka ụlọ na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya n'achọghị teknụzụ ma ọ bụ igwefoto.Ngwa gụnyere:

* Nchọpụta nke ọkwa mmiri nke ụlọ mposi
* Nnyocha nke apnea ụra

 ndị ọzọ maka mmWave sensing gụnyere nlekota anụ ụlọ, ebe enwere ike iji teknụzụ ahụ soro ma nyochaa ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa nke anụmanụ iji kọwaa mmetụta anụ ụlọ.

## Edensibia
Polariton interferometer

**Polariton Interferometer** bụ ngwaọrụ igodo a tụrụ aro maka iji ya mee ihe n'ihi nnwere onwe ya site na GPS ọdịnala, nke na-enwekarị nsogbu mgbochi na izi ezi.  dị mkpa ka polartion interferometer mara ebe mbido ya, ma na-arụ ọrụ site n'ịtụle mgbanwe ndị na-agagharị site na iji data mgbochi sitere na polaritons gbara ọchịchịrị abụọ, echekwara na Atọm 1-spin, [1] ma tinye mgbanwe ndị ahụ na mmalite.  bụ ezie na nke a ga-abụ teknụzụ dị ịtụnanya iji tinye maka ndị agha na usoro ihe omume mbara igwe,ọ nwere nnukwu ihe mgbochi, dị ka ọnọdụ ọrụ kpọmkwem, na-esite n'ụdị ọnụọgụ nke usoro nha ejiri mee ihe ebe a, yana nha na ọnụ ahịa nke usoro ahụ, nke nwere ike ịchọ ụlọ ọhụrụ iji tinye ya n'ime ụgbọ mmiri ndị dị ugbu a, na ụgbọ ala ndị ọzọ.

## Edensibia
Periscope Lens

thumb|Ihe osise nke oghere zoom na periscope
thumb|Smartphone nwere igwefoto anya zoom periscope 5x, nke a na-amata site na ọdịdị rectangular nke lens ya
Lens periscope, mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ oghere mpịaji, bụ mgbakọ igwe eji arụ ọrụ oghere nke na-eji prism ma ọ bụ enyo na-atụgharị ìhè site na lenses nwere akụkụ 90° gaa na axis anya, dị ka ọ dị na periskop. 

## Ojiji
 / Netman Snorkel Camera System, nke Norman Paul Kenworthy na Bob Nettman gosipụtara na 1967, na-eji anya anya periscope iji nye ohere ịme ihe nkiri nke obere ihe na ihe site n'ebe dị nso.

Smartphones -eji anya anya periscope iji kwe ka ọnụọgụ zoom buru ibu n'ebughị ibu (nke ukwuu) ọkpụrụkpụ ha. Ebumnuche nke mmụba anya bụ imeziwanye foto macro. Site  oghere anya periscope, a na-atụgharị oghere anya site na 90 ° ma na-agbanye ya n'ogologo ma ọ bụ obosara nke smartphone kama omimi ya. Sharp 902, nke e wepụtara na 2004, a na-ekwu mgbe ụfọdụ na ọ bụ ekwentị mkpanaaka mbụ iji gosipụta igwefoto anya periscope (2x variable zoom). Asus ZenFone Zoom smartphone, nke e wepụtara na 2015, jiri usoro anya anya abụọ Hoya mee ihe iji nweta 3x zoom. N'afọ 2019, Huawei P30 Pro gosipụtara oghere periscope zoom 5x.  'afọ 2020, Huawei P40 Pro+ wepụtara igwefoto anya 10x zoom periscope. [1]

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke smartphones telephoto lens kachasị ogologo

## Edensibia
FARSIDE telescope

(Farside Array for Radio Science Investigations of the Dark Ages and Exoplanets) bụ echiche maka usoro interferometric dị ala nke a ga-etinye n'akụkụ dị anya nke Ọnwa.

## Ihe Ndị A Na-ahụ Anya
FarView bụ echiche ọzọ maka ụlọ nyocha redio 20x20 km yana mkpokọta mkpokọta 400 kilomita nke ga-adịkwa n'akụkụ dị anya nke ọnwa.  

## Edensibia
Jean Fusoris

**Jean Fusoris** (ihe dị ka 1355/1365 - 1436) bụ onye ụkọchukwu French na onye na-enyocha mbara igwe nke mepụtara astrolabes na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ e ji ọla mee. O biputara akwukwo banyere iwu astrolabe. Ndị ahịa ya gụnyere ndị eze France na Bishọp nke Norwich.

A mụrụ Fusoris na Giraumont ebe nna ya na-ere ahịa pewter.  Fusoris buru ụzọ mụọ na Mézières-sur-Meuse wee mụọ nkà, nkà mmụta ọgwụ na nkà mmụta okpukpe na Mahadum Paris, na-enweta akara ugo mmụta bachelor na 1379, na nna ukwu na 1391. Mgbe ahụ ọ ghọrọ akwụkwọ ikike na Rheims Cathedral n'afọ 1404, na-aga Paris.  mgbe e chichara ya echichi na 1411, na-eje ozi dị ka canon na Notre-Dame, provost na Seine et Marne (1414) na curate na Nancy.  Ọ na-ahụ maka atelier ịrụ ngwá ọrụ mbara igwe ma soro Jean de Berle na Jean de Chalon rụkọọ ọrụ n'oge dị iche iche.  Ọ resịrị Richard Courtenay, Bishọp Norwich otu astrolabe na 1414 nke a na-akwụghị ya ụgwọ zuru ezu. Ọ sonyeere ndị nnọchi anya Guillaume de Boisratier, Achịbishọp nke Bourges, na England na 1415 wee zute Bishọp Norwich.  Agha Otu Narị Afọ na England malitere, nke a mere ka a na-enyo ya enyo na ọ bụ onye nledo, ma boo ya ebubo ịgba ọchịchị mgba okpuru, mana ebe ọ bụ na enweghị ihe akaebe, a chụgara ya Mézières-sur-Meuse. N'afọ 1423, e nyere ya ọrụ iwu elekere ma n'afọ 1432 ọ rụrụ ọrụ na tebụl trigonometrical ma dee akwụkwọ gbasara cosmography. Ewezuga astrolabes, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 18 n'ime ha ka dị, ọ rụkwara elekere, astrolabic dials, armillary spheres / celestial globes, otu n'ime ndị e nyere Popu Johannes XXIII na 1410. Astrolabes ya dị iche na inwe kpakpando Cornu Arietis (β Arietis) n'ụzọ na-ezighi ezi na mpaghara ndịda.  dere edemede banyere ojiji nke astrolabes raara nye Pierre nke Navarre. Fusoris mepụtara astrolabe mbụ zuru oke  Europe nke ndị ọzọ depụtaghachiri n'ọtụtụ ebe mgbe ọ nwụsịrị.

## Edensibia
Paul Chaleff

thumb|Paul Chaleff in Paros
**Paul Chaleff** (amụrụ n'afọ 1947)  bụ onye America na-eme ihe n'arịa na prọfesọ emeritus nke Fine Arts na Mahadum Hofstra .  A na-ewere ya dị ka onye ọsụ ụzọ nke mweghachi nke ite osisi na US ma na-eto ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị mbụ na-eji ọkụ ọkụ dragọn na-ere ọkụ n'ụdị ọdịnala anagama. A maara ya nke ọma dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe osise buru ibu.  ike ịchọta ọrụ  na nchịkọta nke Museum of Modern Art Department of Architecture and Design,  na Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Ọkpụite bụ Takeshi Nakazato nwere mmetụta siri ike n'ọrụ Paul Chaleff.  Na 1989, Chaleff malitere imekọ ihe na onye na-ese ihe Sir Anthony Caro.  Ha na-ekekọta ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ 50, ma ihe atụ na nke nkịtị.  Ọkpụkpụ Caro enweela mmetụta kpọmkwem n'ọrụ Chaleff dị ka ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Isamu Noguchi nwere, na ceramik nke John Mason na Lucie Rie.  A matawokwa Chaleff dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe ọkpụkpụ seramiiki buru ibu.  Ike nke ọrụ ya na-esite n'ịdị ike, na-egbuke egbuke, nkewa, na adịghị ọcha ka ha na-anọgide mara mma.

## Mmụta
Chaleff gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sayensị dị na Bronx. N'afọ 1968, mgbe ọ na-amụ ihe ọmụmụ ihe ndị dị ndụ na City College nke New York, Chaleff lanarịrị ihe mberede mmiri nke gburu enyi ya. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1969 na nzere na Fine Arts. N'afọ 1971, Chaleff natara Master of Fine Arts na Ceramic Design site na City College nke New York .  'afọ 1975, ọ gara Japan iji mụọ ite ite na ite ọkụ nke Japan [1] wee laghachi New York n'afọ 1977 ebe o wuru ụlọ ọrụ na ite ọkụ na Pine Plains.

## Ọrụ
AaaaaOgwe anagama nke Chaleff  otu n'ime ndị mbụ na US. 'afọ 1980, Museum of Modern Art zụrụ ma gosipụta ọrụ ya site na ọkụ ahụ. [1] N'afọ 1980, e gosipụtara ọrụ ya na-ere ọkụ n'oge oriri na ọṅụṅụ steeti na White House. 'agbata afọ 1989 na afọ 2000, Chaleff sooro Sir Anthony Caro rụọ ọrụ n'usoro ihe osise ụrọ, nke mbụ na Pine Plains na Ancram. 'afọ 1995, o sonyere na Fire and Clay, nnọkọ nke ndị na-ese ụrọ nke mba ụwa mere na Iksan. 'afọ 1997, Chaleff natara ọkwa prọfesọ na Mahadum Hofstra, ebe ọ duziri mmemme ceramics ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 2021.

A na-anọchite anya ọrụ Chaleff na nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka ndị a. 

## Ihe odide

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Coudé Spectrograph

**Coudé Spectrograph bụ ngwa ejikọtara na teliskop ESO dị mita 1.52, teliskop igwefoto 3 nwere efere foto dị ka ihe nchọpụta.  Ọ nwere igwefoto abụọ na-arụ ọrụ na f/6 na f/14.  Mgbasasa sitere na 1A/mm ruo 18a/mm dị nwere nhọrọ nke grating atọ, nke ọ bụla nwere mpaghara a na-achị nke 20 x 30 cm.**&nbsp;

A rụnyere Coudé Spectrograph na coudé focus nke ESO 1.52-meter telescope na La Silla Observatory na May 1969. A kwụsịrị ya na telivishọn ESO 1.52-meter n'etiti afọ 1980.   gụrụ onyokomita ahụ aha onye mepụtara ya, Robert G. Tull Coudé.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ihe osise nke Coudé spectrograph.
Oge elekere São Pedro

São Pedro Clock bụ ihe ncheta ikuku nke dị na Salvador, isi obodo steeti Bahia nke Brazil.  Ọ dị na Largo de São Pedro, n'akụkụ ihe ncheta nke Baron nke Rio Branco, na ebe Chọọchị São Pedro dịbu, nke e bibiri na 1913 maka owuwu Avenida Sete de Setembro nke onye gọvanọ Bahia J. J. Seabra na-achị n'oge ahụ kwalitere. 'ihi atụmatụ nke Association of Employees in the Commerce of Bahia, emere ya na Nọvemba 15, 1916 (ụbọchị Nkwupụta nke Republic) , n'okpuru ọchịchị steeti nke Antonio Muniz de Aragão.

## Nkọwa
 nwere ihe a tụrụ atụ nke ọla nchara nke onye na-ese ihe n'Ịtali nke bi na Brazil bụ Pasquale de Chirico, rụchara na Paris na 1914, na elekere Henri-Le Pante anọ e mere na Paris.   Emere  na usoro nke ịkpụ ihe na nkume a tụrụ atụ, ihe a tụrụ atụ nke elekere ahụ bụ ígwè a tụrụ atụ na granite na-acha pinki pinki. Ihe ncheta ahụ  ka ogidi ọkụ nwere oriọna a chọrọ mma n'elu elekere, na mmadụ anọ nke Atlas na-akwado ha, na n'ozuzu ya, ọ dị mita 6.50 n'ịdị elu. [1] 

'ịbụ nke dị n'ógbè azụmahịa nke Salvador, na mgbakwunye na igosi oge ahụ, ihe ncheta ahụ bụ ihe ịrịba ama akụkọ ihe mere eme.  São Pedro nke  n'ebe ahụ bụ ụlọ ụka nne nke parish nke São Pedro Velho Extramuros, nkewa dị na Salvador nke a na-akpọ aha ya n'èzí mgbidi nke gbara obodo ahụ gburugburu.  N'agbanyeghị na ọ kwụsịrị, São Pedro bụ mpaghara Salvador's Historic Center nke a na-ewerekarị dị ka obere agbata obi.

N'afọ 1999, otu ụgbọala zutere ihe ncheta ahụ ma kpalie mmezi dị ukwuu.  ahụ, onye na-arụ ọrụ elekere bụ Wilson Ribeiro. 'N'ihe banyere nrụzigharị nke Avenida Sete nke Ụlọ Nzukọ Obodo Salvador, São Pedro Elekere wepụrụ ebe nchara ya, rụzie ọrụ ya, megharịa agba ya, ma dochie anya ugogbe anya ya.[2]  Gregório de Mattos Foundation (FGM), ntọala ọha obodo, bụ maka mweghachi a, nke emechara na Septemba 3, 2015.. 

## Hụkwa

* Avenida Sete de Setembro
* Tira Chapéu Palace
* Ebe akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Salvador

## Edensibia
Hydrostatic bubbles

bubbles, nke a makwaara dị ka philosophical bubbles, gravity beads, aerometrical beads na hydrometer beads, bụ ụdị hydrometer nke Alexander Wilson nke Glasgow mepụtara na 1757.  -eme ihe nkiri na onye na-eme ngwá ọrụ bụ Isabella Lovi [1] nke Edinburgh mechara melite ma nye ya ikike n'afọ 1805.  Ngwá ọrụ ahụ, nke nwere ụdị beads nke iko, yiri ka ọ bụ Scotland nke ọma ma jiri ya mee ihe (dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ịchọpụta njupụta nke mmụọ) ruo na mmalite narị afọ nke 19, mgbe usoro ziri ezi dochie ya nke ukwuu. 

## Ụkpụrụ ịrụ ọrụ
Na ụdị ngwá ọrụ Lovi, a na-emepụta ihe nkedo nke oghere iko, nke ọ bụla dị iche na njupụta site na nke ọzọ site na 0.002 nkeji.  Mgbe etinyere ya na mmiri mmiri nke njupụta nke a na-amaghị, beads ndị dị oke ọnụ karịa mmiri mmiri ahụ dara, ndị na-adịchaghị obere ka mmiri mmiri ahụ na-ese n'elu mmiri..  gosipụtara njupụta nke mmiri ahụ dị ka nke na-ada n'etiti njupụta nke bead kacha nta nke mikpuru, na bead kacha sie ike nke na-ese n'elu mmiri.

Ụkpụrụ ọrụ ahụ yiri nke Galileo thermometer.

## Edensibia
Rockingham Kiln

Rockingham, ma ọ bụ Waterloo, Kiln na Swinton, South Yorkshire, England, bụ ite ite nke malitere na 1815. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke ebe nrụpụta maka Rockingham Pottery nke, na mmalite narị afọ nke 19, mepụtara poselin Rococo mara mma nke ukwuu.  Ọkpụkpụ ahụ dara n'etiti narị afọ nke 19, na kiln bụ otu n'ime ihe ole na ole fọdụrụ na nrụpụta Rockingham.  Ọ bụ ụlọ ọkwa ọkwa II * depụtara wee bụrụ akụkụ nke ihe ncheta ọrụ Rockingham.  Ụlọ ọkụ ahụ dị ugbu a na Heritage England Historic at Risk Register.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ụlọ ọrụ mbụ dị na Swinton na-emepụta ite ụrọ dị mfe. Ony ọrụ mbụ e dekọrọ bụ Joseph Flint, onye n'afọ 1740s na-akwụ ụgwọ saịtị ahụ n'aka Marquis nke Rockingham. Njikọ ya na Leeds Pottery dara ma gbasaa na 1806. Ndị nwe ya, ezinụlọ Brameld, wuru Rockingham Kiln, na ihe owuwu ndị ọzọ na saịtị ahụ, n'afọ 1815. Ụbọchị ahụ, afọ nke Agha nke Waterloo, dugara na aha ọzọ nke ọkụ ahụ, ọkụ ọkụ Waterloo. 'agbanyeghị nyocha nke Brameld banyere mmepụta nke arịa dị elu, ọrụ ahụ nọgidere na-enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma ma wepụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ n'afọ 1826 naanị site na ntinye aka nke William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam. [1]

Nkwado nke Earl, na-enye ohere iji aha Rockingham na ụlọ ezinụlọ, yana inye nkwado ego kpọmkwem, hụrụ Rockingham Pottery ka ọ bụrụ onye na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe n'ụdị rococo, nke na-enweta nkwado eze n'ụlọ na nnukwu ahịa na mba ọzọ.  ọrụ ahụ mepụtara nnukwu akụkụ gụnyere Ọrụ ọzara zuru oke maka William nke Anọ nke were afọ asatọ iji mezue.[lower-alpha 1][lower-alpha 2] Ruth Harman, na mpịakọta ya nke afọ 2017, Yorkshire West Riding: Sheffield and the South, nke Pevsner Buildings of England, kwuru na "izure bụ mmebi ha" na site n'afọ 1842 ụlọ ọrụ Rockingham dara ọzọ ma mechie saịtị ahụ.

The Pottery Ponds site is administered by Rotherham Museums. As at November 2022, the kiln is on Historic England's Heritage at Risk Register. Recent interest in the Rockingham Works has seen the erection of a commemorative sculpture in Swinton in 2003, and a community heritage project at the site in 2021, directed by the artist Carlos Cortes.

## Ihe owuwu na nkọwa
 kwenyere na Rockingham Kiln bụ naanị ite ite dị otú ahụ dị na Yorkshire, yana otu n'ime ole na ole fọdụrụ na England. Ogwe ọkụ  mita 17 (56  dị elu dị ka karama [1] ma wuo ya na brik na-acha ọbara ọbara nke Bekee.  Harman dere [6] a na-akọwa ihe owuwu ahụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi dị ka "ọkụ brik dị ka karama [nke nwere] ọkụ". [1]  ahụ  ụlọ e depụtara na Grade II * ma bụrụ akụkụ nke ihe ncheta Rockingham Works Scheduled. [1] [2]

## Ihe edeturu

## Edensibia

## Ebe e si nweta ya
Nnyocha Electromagnetics nke Elu ọnwa

Lunar Surface Electromagnetics Experiment (LuSEE-Night) bụ ihe a na-eme atụmatụ na redio telivishọn nke e mere iji daa ma rụọ ọrụ n'akụkụ dị anya nke ọnwa ụwa. Ọrụ  na-emepe emepe site na Ngalaba Ike nke US na National Aeronautics and Space Administration.  Ọ bụrụ na etinyere ya ma rụọ ọrụ nke ọma, LuSEE-Night ga-anwa ịlele oge mmalite nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Eluigwe na Ala nke mere obere oge ka Big Bang gasịrị, nke a na-akpọ The Dark Ages of the Universe, nke bu ụzọ guzobe kpakpando na ụyọkọ kpakpando.  na-eme atụmatụ ka ngwá ọrụ ahụ daa n'akụkụ dị anya nke ọnwa ozugbo ọ dị na 2026 n'ụgbọ Blue ghost lunar lander. -Night, nke a na-agaghị ejikọta ya na onye ibe ya nke a haziri maka ọdịda ọnwa n'afọ 2024 nke a na na-akpọ LuSEE -Lite, ga-ewegara ya n'akụkụ dị anya nke ọnwa site na Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS). 

## Hụkwa

* Lunar Crater Radio Telescope
* Usoro iheomume nke eluigwe na ala
* Nnukwu Nnwale Mpaghara iji chọpụta Oge Ọchịchịrị

## Edensibia

* Machị 2023 NASA LuSEE-Night nkwupụta
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