Ernst Oswald Johannes Westphal

**Ernst Oswald Johannes Gotthard Gotthilf Westphal** (Khalavha na Venda, South Africa, 1919 - Bredasdorp nso Cape Town, South Africa), 27 Nọvemba 1990) bụ onye South Africa ma bụrụkwa ọkammụta asụsụ na ọkachamara n'asụsụ Bantu na Khoisan. Site na 1949 ruo 1962 ọ kụziri na School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), Mahadum London . 
thumb|Prọfesọ Ernst Westphal na Mahadum Cape Town.
A mụrụ Ernst Westphal na Khalava na Venda, nwa nke nne na nna ndị ozi ala ọzọ Lutheran nke German. Nna ya bụ Gotthard Westphal na nna nna ya, Ernst Westphal, ya na nwunye ya Wilhelmine bụ onye nkuzi na onye nduzi nke Solomon Plaatje. Dị ka nwatakịrị, E.O.J. Westphal maara asụsụ German, Bekee, na Afrikaans nke ọma, dị ka ọtụtụ ndị South Africa. Asụsụ mbụ ya na nke ala ya, Otú ọ dị, bụ Venda, mgbe ọ bụ nwatakịrị, e dubara ya n'ime emume nzuzo Venda maka ụmụ okorobịa.

Ọ gụrụ Zulu na Southern Sotho n'okpuru Clement Martyn Doke na Mahadum nke Witwatersrand ma, mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1942, ọ bụ onye nkuzi n'ebe ahụ 1942-1947. Ọ bụ onye nkuzi na Asụsụ Bantu na School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS) na Mahadum London 1949-1962, ebe ezigbo enyi ya bụ Guy Atkins (nwanne Vera Atkins), onye bụkwa ọkà mmụta asụsụ Africa. Enyi  na onye mmekọ ọzọ bụ Fenner Brockway. Westphal bụ Prọfesọ nke Asụsụ Africa na School of African studies na Mahadum Cape Town, South Africa, site na 1962 ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na 1984, a makwaara ya dị ka onye nwere ikike pịa asụsụ click nke Ndị San, Asụsụ Khoisan, nke ọ maara nke ọma n'ọtụtụ n'ime ha. Rycroft ekwuola na Westphal na-asụ asụsụ isii dị ka onye obodo, isii ọzọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nke zuru oke, na asụsụ Africa narị abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa ka ọ na-asụ nke ọma. Na Lisbon, Westphal tụgharịrị edemede na ihe odide ndị a hụrụ na Mozambique site n'asụsụ mbụ ha gaa na Portuguese n'aha gọọmentị Portugal, ya na Prọfesọ de Almeida rụkọtara ọrụ. A na-ekwu na akwụkwọ doctoral nke Westphal The Sentence in Venda (Mahadum nke London, 1955) dabeere kpamkpam na ihe ọ maara maka asụsụ ahụ, na-ejighị isi iyi ọzọ.

Ezinụlọ Westphal etinyela aka nke ukwuu na ndụ ọdịbendị nke South Africa ruo ihe karịrị otu narị afọ. Nna nna ya, Gotthilf Ernst Westphal, dịka ọmụmaatụ, hụrụ ikike nke Sol Plaatje, onye dị afọ iri na ụma, mgbe ahụ ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ na Mission Station na Pniel, Northern Cape, ma nye ya agụmakwụkwọ onwe ya maọbụ nke nzuzo. N'etiti ntụnye ndị ọzọ, Plaatje bụ onye guzobere na odeakwụkwọ ukwu mbụ nke African National Congress (ANC). Dị ka E.O.J. Westphal, o nwere onyinye asụsụ pụrụ iche, ọ bụkwa onye na-asụ ọtụtụ asụsụ.

Westphal bụkwa otu n’ime ndị guzobere SANCCOB (South African National Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds), akụkọ nke e dere na akwụkwọ Marie Philp nke ọ kpọrọ Gregory.  A tụgharịrị  site n’akwụkwọ Afrikaans nke Marie Philip na Adèle Naudé: Gregory. Kaapse pikkewyn, 1971.

Westphal nwere ụmụ nwoke atọ: Robin Peter, (1945-2015), Richard Geoffrey, (1948-1996), na Jonathan Westphal, amụrụ 1951. Nwunye nke abụọ nke Prọfesọ Westphal bụ Althea buuru ntụ ya si Africa gaa Zennor, Cornwall, England, ka e lie ya n'ụlọụka St Senara, mana n'ihe omume ahụ, e liri ya na Port Appin, Scotland, dị nso na Glencoe, Highland. Nkume ili ya nwere okwu a, "Ezi Nwa nke Venda".

E bipụtara Festschrift mgbe ọ nwụsịrị iji sọpụrụ ya, ntụnye asụsụ Africa: nke e nyere iji sọpụrụ Ernst Westphal, nke Derek F. Gowlett dezigharịrị (Pretoria: Via Afrika, 1992).

## Ndepụta Akwụkwọ E Ji Rụọ Ọrụ

* The Sentence in Venda, Mahadum nke London, London School of Oriental and African Studies, 1955.
* Kwangari: An Index of Lexical Types, Mahadum nke London, School of Oriental and African Studies, 1958.
* The Linguistic Prehistory of Southern Africa: Bush, Kwadi, Hottentot and Bantu Linguistic Relationships, Oxford University Press, 1963.
* *Usoro ụdaume na foto X-Ray: nyocha nke Cardinal Vowel Chart *, School of African Studies, Cape Town, 1971.
* with Almeida, António de: Asụsụ ndị na-abụghị nke Angola.

## Edensibia