J. M. G. Le Clézio

**Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio** ( [ʒɑ̃ maʁi ɡystav Lü klezjo]; 13 Eprel 1940), nke a na-akpọkarị **J. M. G. Le Clézio**, nke French na Mauritian obodo, bụ odee na prọfesọ. Onye dere ihe karịrị ọrụ iri anọ, e nyere ya 1963 Prix Renaudot maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya bụ Le Procès-Verbal na 2008 Nobel Prize in Literature maka ọrụ ndụ ya, dị ka "onye edemede nke ọpụpụ ọhụrụ, njem uri na obi ụtọ anụ ahụ, onye na-enyocha ihe nkiri. mmadu gafere na n'okpuru mmepeanya na-achị."

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ nne Le Clézio n'obodo French Riviera nke Nice, nna ya n'àgwàetiti Mauritius (nke bụ ihe onwunwe Britain, mana nna ya bụ agbụrụ Breton, na France). Ma nna nna ya ma nne ya sitere na Morbihan, n'ụsọ oké osimiri ndịda Brittany.Nna nna ya François Alexis Le Clézio gbapụrụ na France na 1798 wee biri na nwunye ya na nwa ya nwanyị na Mauritius, bụ nke bụ obodo France mgbe ahụ mana ọ ga-abanye n'aka ndị Britain n'oge na-adịghị anya. E kwere ka ndị na-achị obodo na-edebe omenala ha ma na-asụ French. Le Clézio ebibeghị na Mauritius ihe karịrị ọnwa ole na ole n'otu oge, mana o kwuru na ya na-ewere onwe ya dị ka onye France na onye Mauritian. O nwere ụmụ amaala France na Mauritius abụọ (Mauritius nwetara nnwere onwe na 1968) ma na-akpọ Mauritius "obere ala nna ya".  

A mụrụ Le Clézio na Nice, obodo nne ya, n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ mgbe nna ya na-eje ozi na Ndị agha Britain na Naịjirịa. A zụlitere ya na Roquebillière, obere obodo dị nso na Nice ruo 1948 mgbe ya, nne ya, na nwanne ya nwoke banyere ụgbọ mmiri iji sonyere nna ya na Naịjirịa. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke afọ 1991 bụ *[[Onitsha (novel)|Onitsha]]* bụ akụkụ nke akụkọ ndụ onwe onye. N'otu edemede nke afọ 2004, ọ chetara banyere oge ọ bụ nwata na Naijiria na mmekọrịta ya na ndị mụrụ ya.

Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Bristol na England site na 1958 ruo 1959,  Le Clézio gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Institut d'études littéraires nke Nice.  N'afọ 1964, Le Clézio nwetara nzere masta na Mahadum Provence na thesis banyere Henri Michaux na ahụmịhe ihe omimi.

Mgbe Le Clézio nọrọ ọtụtụ afọ na London na Bristol, ọ kwagara United States ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkụzi. Na 1967 ọ jere ozi dị ka onye ọrụ enyemaka na Thailand dị ka akụkụ nke ozi mba ya, mana a chụpụrụ ya ngwa ngwa na mba ahụ maka mkpesa megide ịgba akwụna ụmụaka wee ziga Mexico ka ọ rụchaa ozi mba ya. Site na 1970 ruo 1974, o biri na ebo Embera-Wounaan na Panama. Ọ lụrụ kemgbe 1975 na Jémia Jean, onye bụ Moroccan, ma nwee ụmụ nwanyị atọ (otu site na alụmdi na nwunye mbụ ya na Rosalie Piquemal). Kemgbe 1990s ha kewara ebe obibi ha n'etiti Albuquerque, Mauritius, na Nice.

N'afọ 1983, Le Clézio dere edemede doctoral banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mexico maka Mahadum Perpignan, banyere mmeri nke Ndị Purépecha bi na steeti Michoacán nke oge a. E bipụtara ya na magazin French ma bipụta ya na Spanish na 1985.

Le Clézio akụziwo na ọtụtụ mahadum gburugburu ụwa. Onye na-eleta South Korea ugboro ugboro, ọ kụziri asụsụ French na akwụkwọ na Mahadum Ewha Women na Seoul n'oge afọ agụmakwụkwọ 2007.   Na Nọvemba 2013, Le Clézio sonyeere Mahadum Nanjing na China dị ka prọfesọ.

## Ọrụ edemede
LE Clézio malitere ide ihe mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa; mbụ ọrụ ya bụ akwụkwọ banyere oké osimiri. Ọ nwetara ihe ịga nke ọma mgbe ọ dị afọ 23, mgbe akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ ya, Le Procès-Verbal (The Interrogation), bụ Prix Renaudot ma bụrụ onye ahọpụtara maka Prix Goncourt. Kemgbe ahụ, o bipụtara ihe karịrị akwụkwọ iri atọ na isii, gụnyere akụkọ mkpirikpi, akwụkwọ akụkọ, edemede, nsụgharị abụọ gbasara akụkọ ifo ndị American Indian, na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ụmụaka.

Site na 1963 ruo 1975, Le Clézio nyochara isiokwu ndị dị ka isi mgbaka, asụsụ, okike, na edemede. O tinyere onwe ya n'ime nnwale n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro n'ihi ndị dị ka Georges Perec ma ọ bụ Michel Butor. Omume ya bụ nke onye na-emepụta ihe ọhụrụ na onye nnupụisi, nke Michel Foucault na Gilles Deleuze toro ya maka ya.

N'ime ngwụsị 1970s, ụdị Le Clézio gbanwere nke ukwuu; ọ gbahapụrụ nnwale, na ọnọdụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ ya adịchaghị emekpa ahụ ka ọ na-eji isiokwu dịka nwata, oge uto, na njem, nke dọtara ndị na-ege ntị ka ukwuu. Na 1980, Le Clézio bụ onye mmeri mbụ nke Grand Prix Paul Morand emebere ọhụrụ, nke Académie Française nyere maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya Desert. N'afọ 1994, nnyocha nke magazin French Lire mere gosiri na pasent 13 nke ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ weere ya dị ka onye edemede kachasị ukwuu na-asụ French.

## Ihe nrite Nobel
thumb|Horace Engdahl kwupụtara na Le Clézio meriri Nobel Prize for Literature na 9 Ọktoba 2008
Ihe nrite Nobel na edemede maka afọ 2008 gara Le Clézio maka ọrụ ndị Swedish Academy gosipụtara dị ka "ihe omume abụ na ihe na-adọrọ adọrọ" na maka ilekwasị anya na gburugburu ebe obibi, ọkachasị ọzara.Ụlọ akwụkwọ Swedish, n'ịkpọsa ihe nrite ahụ, kpọrọ Le Clézio "onye edemede nke ọpụpụ ọhụrụ, egwu egwu egwu na obi ụtọ nke anụ ahụ, onye na-enyocha ihe a kpọrọ mmadụ n'ofe na n'okpuru mmepeanya na-achị." "  Le Clézia jiri okwu nnabata ihe nrite Nobel ya wakpo isiokwu nke ịda ogbenye ozi.  Isi okwu ya bụ Dans la forêt des paradoxes ("N'oké ọhịa nke paradoxes"), aha o kwuru na ọ bụ Stig Dagerman.

Gao Xingjian, onye China émigré na-ede na Mandarin, bụ nwa amaala France gara aga iji nweta ihe nrite (maka 2000); Le Clézio bụ onye edemede mbụ n'asụsụ French nwetara Nrite Nobel na Akwụkwọ kemgbe Claude Simon maka 1985, na nke iri na anọ kemgbe Sully Prudhomme, onye nwetara ihe nrite mbụ nke 1901.

## Arụmụka
Le Clézio bụ onye na-agbachitere Mama Rosa, onye isi ụlọ nchekwa Mexico nke ndị uwe ojii wakporo na Julaị 2014 mgbe ahụrụ ụmụaka ka ha na-eri nri rere ure ma na-emegide ọchịchọ nke nne na nna ha. O dere otu akụkọ na Le Monde na-arụ ụka na ọ nọ nso nso nso.

## Akwụkwọ

### Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Ọmụmụ Okwu (1963). *Ajụjụ*, trans. Daphne Woodward (1964).
* *Iju Mmiri* (1966). Iju Mmiri, trans. Peter Green (1967).
*  (1967). *Terra Amata*, trans. Barbara Bray (1967).
* Akwụkwọ ịgba ọsọ (1969). Akwụkwọ nke ụgbọ elu, trans. Simon Watson-Taylor (1971).
* *Agha* (1970). *Agha*, trans. Simon Watson-Taylor (1973).
* *Ndị dike* (1973). *Ndị dike*, trans. Simon Watson-Taylor (1975).
* *Njem n'akụkụ nke ọzọ* (1975).
*  (1980). *Ọzara*, trans. C. Dickson (2009).
* *Onye Na-achọ Ọlaedo* (1985). *Onye Na-achọ Ihe*, trans. Carol Marks (1993); C. Dickson (2016).
* ''Onitsha'' (1991). *Onitsha*, trans. Alison Anderson (1997).
* *Kpakpando Na-agagharị Agagharị* (1992). Wandering Star, trans. C. Dickson (2005).
* La Quarantaine (1995).
* Azụ̀ ọlaedo (1997).
*  (2003).
*  (2006).
* Rituurnelle de la faim (2008).
* Alma (2017).

### Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi na akwụkwọ akụkọ

* *Ụbọchị Beaumont zutere ihe mgbu ya* (1964). *Ụbọchị Beaumont bịara mara ihe mgbu ya*.
* *Okpomọkụ* (1965). *Okpomọkụ*, trans. Daphne Woodward (1966) 
* *Mondo na akụkọ ndị ọzọ* (1978). *Mondo na Akụkọ Ndị Ọzọ*, trans. Alison Anderson (2011).
* La Ronde et autres faits divers (1982). The Round & Other Cold Hard Facts, trans. C. Dickson (2002).
* *Oge opupu ihe ubi na oge ndị ọzọ* (1989) 
* A na-echere Pawana (1992). *Pawana*, onye na-agbanwe agbanwe Christophe Brunski (2008).
* Ememe a na-abụ abụ na edemede ndị ọzọ nke ndị American Indian (1997) 
* Ohere sochiri Angoli Mala (1999) 
* Obi na-ere ọkụ na akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ (2000) 
* *Mmụọ Mmụọ n'okporo ámá* (2000). Mmụọ ndị dị n'okporo ámá.
* *Tabataba sochiri Pawana* (2002) 
* Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụkwụ na ihe ndị ọzọ na-atọ ọchị (2011) 
* Tempête: deux novellas (2014). *Oké Ifufe*.
* *Abụ Briten*, nke L'Enfant et la Guerre sochiri (2020) 
* Ihe ndị dị n'ihu (2023)  *N'akụkụ na-ezighi ezi*, trans. Teresa Lavender Fagan (Seagull Books, 2024) 

### Akụkọ na-abụghị akụkọ ifo

* Le Rêve mexicain ma ọ bụ La Pensée interompue (1965). Nrọ Mexico, Ma ọ bụ, Echiche Nkwụsị nke Mmepeanya Amerindian, trans. Teresa Lavender Fagan (1993).
* "Na ịgụ ihe dị ka ezigbo njem" (1965). "Na Ịgụ dị ka Ezigbo Njem", trans. Julia Abramson.
* "Nnwere Onwe Ịrọ nrọ" (1965). "Nnwere Onwe Ịrọ Ụra", trans. Ralph Schoolcraft.
* "Nnwere Onwe Ikwu Okwu" (1965). "Nnwere Onwe Ikwu Okwu", trans. Osimiri Clézio.
* *Obi ụtọ nke ihe onwunwe* (1967). Ihe onwunwe Ecstasy.
* *Mkparịta ụka ya na J. M. G. Le Clézio* (1971) 
*  (1971) 
* *Mydriasis* (1973). Mydriasis, trans. Teresa Lavender Fagan, nke e bipụtara na Mydriasis: Followed by "To the Icebergs" (2019).
* N'ebe a na-akpọ iceberg (1978). Na Icebergs, trans. Teresa Lavender Fagan, nke e bipụtara na Mydriasis: Followed by "To the Icebergs" (2019).
* *Onye A Na-amaghị N'Ụwa* (1978) 
* *Obodo Atọ Dị Nsọ* (1980) 
* *Akwụkwọ ozi sitere n'aka J. M. G. Le Clézio* (1982) 
* Banyere Lautréamont (1987) 
* *Diego na Frida* (1993) 
* *Ebe ndị ọzọ* (1995) 
* *N'ụlọ Edith* (1997) 
* Ụmụaka (1998) 
* *Nwatakịrị nọ n'okpuru àkwà mmiri* (2000) 
*  (2004). Onye Afrịka, trans. C. Dickson (2013).
* *Ballaciner* (2007) 
* *Abụ Briten sochiri L'Enfant et la guerre* (2020) 
* *Ịbụ onye na-akwagharị akwagharị* (2024) 

### Akwụkwọ njem

* *Njem gaa Rodrigues*
* *Ndị igwe ojii*
* *Raga Ịbịaru kọntinent a na-adịghị ahụ anya nso*

### Nchịkọta nke onye edemede ahụ sụgharịrị n'asụsụ French

* *Amụma nke Chilam Balam*
* *Mmekọrịta nke Michoacan*
* *Sirandanes*

### Akwụkwọ maka ụmụaka

* *Njem n'ala osisi* (1978) 
* Lullaby (1980). Site na *Mondo na akụkọ ndị ọzọ.*
* Ndị nke eluigwe, sochiri Les Bergers (1981). Ma site na *Mondo na akụkọ ndị ọzọ*.
* Onye na-ahụtụbeghị oké osimiri, sochiri *Ugwu nke Chi Dị Ndụ* (1982). Ma site na *Mondo na akụkọ ndị ọzọ*.
* *Villa Aurore*, sochiri *Orlamonde* (1985) 
* *Balaabilou* (1985). Ihe ndị sitere na Désert.
* La Grande Vie, sochiri Peuple du ciel (1990). "La Grande Vie" from La *Ronda na ihe ndị ọzọ*.

### Akwụkwọ ndị edemede ndị ọzọ dere na okwu mbido nke Le Clézio dere

* Okwu mmalite nke asụsụ French maka nchịkọta akụkọ mkpirikpi nke Juan Rulfo Le Llano en Flammes*Osimiri Llano na-ere ọkụ*
* Okwu mmalite nke onye France na-eme ihe nkiri Robert Bresson "Notes Sur Le Cinématographe"

## Onyinye na nsọpụrụ

### Onyinye

### Nsọpụrụ

* E mere ya Chevalier (Knight) nke Légion d'honneur na 25 Ọktoba 1991  ma bulie ya n'ọkwa Officier (Officer) na 2009 
* N'afọ 1996, e mere ya *Onye isi* (Officer) nke Ordre National du Mérite . 
* Lycée Français J. M. G. Le Clézio na Port Vila, Vanuatu ka akpọrọ aha ya.

## Ihe odide

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

; Ọrụ nkatọ

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Jennifer R. Waelti-Walters, Icare ou l'évasion impossible, mbipụta Naaman, Sherbrooke, Canada, 1981.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Keith Moser, *"Oge ndị dị mkpa" na akwụkwọ akụkọ na akụkọ mkpirikpi nke J.M.G. Le Clézio*, Edwin Mellen Press, 2008.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 3–4, 2011.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]

## Njikọ mpụga
 

* Mgbasa ozi metụtaraJean-Marie Gustave Le Cléziona Wikimedia Commons
* Nkwupụta ndị metụtaraJ. M. G. Le Cléziona Wikiquote
* Nnukwu ajụjụ ọnụ na J. M. G. Le Clezio na ihe niile jikọtara ya na encyclopedia vidiyo SAM Network
* Petri Liukkonen. "J. M. G. Le Clézio". Akwụkwọ na ndị edemede.
* Ajụjụ ọnụ na Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio, na Label France No. 45 (Bekee) 
* J.M.G Le Clézio - Foto nke Mathieu Bourgois.
* J.M.G. Le Clézio, banyere mmalite ya na Breton.
* "Nobel Goes Global With Literary Prize", nke Bob Thompson, *Washington Post*, 10 Ọktoba 2008
* "A Nobel Undertaking: Getting to Know Le Clézio", nke Richard Woodward, Wall Street Journal, 30 Ọktoba 2008
* "J. M. G. Le Clézio, Nobel laureate": nchịkọta nke ihe gbasara Clézio.
* Ndụ edemede na foto: Nobel laureate Jean-Marie Le Clézio, *The Guardian*, 9 October 2008
* Artelittera Ọtụtụ isi nke ọmụmụ banyere Le Clezio iji bulite
* J.M.G. Le Clézio: A French NovelistWins 2008 Nobel Prize for Literature
* David R. Godine, onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ
* Jean-Marie Gustave Le Cléziona Nobelprize.org
* Ndepụta nke Ọrụ

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations