Marjorie Grene

**Marjorie Glicksman Grene** (December 13, 1910 - March 16, 2009) bụ onye ọkà ihe ọmụma America. O dere banyere existentialism na nkà ihe ọmụma nke sayensị, ọkachasị nkà ihe ọmụma banyere ihe ndị dị ndụ. Ọ kụziri na Mahadum California na Davis site na 1965 ruo 1978. Site na 1988 ruo ọnwụ ya, ọ bụ Prọfesọ Honorary University Distinguished of Philosophy na Virginia Tech.

## Ndụ na ọrụ
Grene nwetara akara ugo mmụta mbụ , na zoology, na Wellesley College na 1931. O nwetara (site na 1933-1935) MA na doctorate na nkà ihe ọmụma na Radcliffe College. Nke a bụ, ka o kwuru, "dị nso ka ụmụ nwanyị n'oge ahụ ruru Harvard".

Grene mụụrụ Martin Heidegger na Karl Jaspers, hapụ Germany na 1933. Ọ nọ na Denmark na 1935, wee gaa na Mahadum Chicago. Mgbe  tụfuru ọnọdụ ya n'ebe ahụ n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ọ nọrọ afọ 15 dị ka nne na onye ọrụ ugbo.  họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Fellow nke American Academy of Arts and Sciences na 1976. [1]

Akụkọ ọnwụ  na *New York Times* kwuru na Grene bụ "otu n'ime ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma mbụ welitere ajụjụ banyere ozizi evolushọn, nke jikọtara ozizi evolusion nke Darwin, nghọta Mendel banyere ihe nketa mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na nchọpụta ndị ọzọ sitere n'aka ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ndị dị ndụ". Ya na David Depew, dere akụkọ ihe mere eme mbụ nke nkà ihe ọmụma nke ihe ndị dị ndụ. 'afọ 2002, ọ bụ nwanyị ọkà ihe ọmụma mbụ nwere mpịakọta nke Library of Living Philosophers raara nye ya.

'afọ 1995, International Society for the History, Philosophy, and Social Studies of Biology guzobere ihe nrite maka ndị ọkà mmụta na-eto eto n'aha Grene, na-ede, sị: "Ọ bụghị naanị na ọrụ ya na akụkọ ihe mere eme na nkà ihe ọmụma nke ihe ndị dị ndụ na-egosipụta mmụọ siri ike nke ọrụ interdisciplinary dị mkpa na ISHPSSB, mana ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịchịkọta ndị ọkà mmụta dị iche iche nke ihe ndị mmadụ ọbụna tupu e guzobe Society. "

## Ezinụlọ
Site na 1938 ruo 1961, Grene lụrụ David Grene, onye na-ede akwụkwọ nke na-arụ ọrụ ugbo na Illinois na n'obodo ya bụ Ireland. Ha nwere ụmụ abụọ,  Ruth Grene, prọfesọ nke physiology nke osisi na Virginia Tech, na Nicholas Grene, Prọfesọ na akwụkwọ Bekee na Trinity College, Dublin.

## Ọrụ
**Akwụkwọ ndị o dere**

* Nnwere Onwe Dị Egwu: A Critique of Existentialism (1948) E bipụtara ya ọzọ dị ka Introduction to Existentialism (1959) 
* **' (1957) 
* **' (1963) 
* Onye maara ihe na onye a maara (1966) 
* Ụzọ e si eme ihe na nkà ihe ọmụma (1968) 
* **' (1973) 
* **' (1974) 
* Nkà ihe ọmụma In and Out of Europe (1976) edemede
* **' (1985) 
* ''Descartes n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta'' (1991) Akụkọ Aquinas 1991
* Mmekọrịta. The Biological Context of Social Systems (1992) na Niles Eldredge (1992) ya na Niles Eldredge
* Agba nke nkà ihe ọmụma (1995) 
* Nkà ihe ọmụma nke Biology: An Episodic History (2004) na David Depew

**Ọrụ ndị edepụtara ma sụgharịa**

* Ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma na-ekwu maka onwe ha: Site na Descartes ruo Kant. Ntụziaka na nkà ihe ọmụma nke Renaissance na Enlightenment (1940) na Thomas Vernor Smith E bipụtara ya na mpịakọta abụọ: Descartes to Locke (1958) na Berkeley, Hume, Kant (1963) 
** E bipụtaghachiri ya na mpịakọta abụọ: Descartes to Locke (1958) na **' (1963) 
* The World View of Physics nke C. F. von Weizsäcker (1952) onye ntụgharị
* The Anatomy of Knowledge: Akwụkwọ ndị e nyere Study Group on Foundations of Cultural Unity, Bowdoin College, 1965 na 1966; (1969) onye nchịkọta akụkọ
* *Knowing & Being: edemede nke Michael Polanyi*, (1969) onye nchịkọta akụkọ
* Toward a Unity of Knowledge (1969) onye nchịkọta akụkọ
* Ịchị ọchị na Ịkwa ákwá: Nnyocha nke njedebe nke omume mmadụ site na Helmuth Plessner (1970) onye ntụgharị na James Spencer Churchill
* *Nkọwa nke Ndụ na Uche: Essays Around the Problem of Reduction* (1971) nchịkọta akụkọ
* Spinoza: A Collection of Critical Essays (1973) onye nchịkọta akụkọ
* Isiokwu na Philosophy of Biology (1976) onye nchịkọta akụkọ na Everett Mendelsohn
* Dimensions Of Darwinism: Themes And Counterthemes In Twentieth-Century Evolutionary Theory (1983) onye nchịkọta akụkọ
* Spinoza And The Sciences (1986) onye nchịkọta akụkọ
* Muntu: African Culture and the Western World site na Janheinz Jahn (1990) onye ntụgharị
* Descartes na ndị ya na ya dịkọrọ ndụ: Meditations, Objections, and Replies (1995) onye nchịkọta akụkọ na Roger Ariew
* *The Mechanization of the Heart: Harvey na Descartes nke Thomas Fuchs* (2001) onye ntụgharị
* Malebranche's First and Last Critics: Simon Foucher and Dortous De Mairan (2002) na Richard A. Watson; onye ntụgharị
* Apology for Raymond Sebond site na Montaigne (2003) onye ntụgharị na Roger Ariew
* Geoffroy Saint Hilaire nke Hervé Le Guyader (2004) onye ntụgharị

 Maka nkọwa zuru ezu, lee "The Publications of Marjorie Grene" na 1986 festschrift Human Nature and Natural Knowledge ma ọ bụ Grene's C.V.

## Hụkwa

* Nkà ihe ọmụma America
* Ndepụta nke ndị ọkà ihe ọmụma America

## Ihe odide

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* The Philosophy of Marjorie Grene (2002), nke Randall E. Auxier na Lewis Edwin Hahn dezigharịrị

## Njikọ mpụga
 

* Nkà ihe ọmụma nke Marjorie Grene 2003 profaịlụ site na Sally Harris maka Virginia Tech Magazine (Archived by Wayback Machine) 
* Ajụjụ ọnụ na Marjorie Grene 2005 isiokwu site na Benjamin Cohen maka magazin The Believer.  (E debere ya na Wayback Machine) 
* IN MEMORIAM - Marjorie Glicksman Grene si Mahadum California.
* Na Memoriam: Marjorie Grene si Virginia Tech Daily (Archived by Wayback Machine) 
* Na Memoriam Marjorie Glicksman Grene (1910-2009) eulogy nke Richard Burian na Roger Ariew maka .  (E debere ya na Wayback Machine) 
* Ọrụ nke ma ọ bụ banyere Marjorie GrenenaEbe Ndebe Ihe Ochie n'Intanet