Irene Staunton

Irene Staunton bụ onye mbipụta Zimbabwe, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, onye nyocha na onye edemede, onye rụrụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ na nka kemgbe 1970, ma na UK na Zimbabwe. Ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye na-ebipụta Weaver Press na Harare, ebe ọ na-emebu Baobab Books. Staunton bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke ọtụtụ akụkọ ọdịnala ama ama nke na-ekpuchi akụkọ ọnụ, obere akụkọ, na uri, gụnyere ndị nne nke mgbanwe: Ahụmahụ agha nke ụmụ nwanyị Zimbabwe iri atọ (1990), [1] Ụmụaka nọ n'etiti anyị: Voices of Children's Farmer (2000), Ide ka: Akụkọ ọhụrụ sitere na Zimbabwe (2000), [2] Wri na Zimbabwe. (2011), [4] na Ide ihe omimi & Mayhem (2015).

## Ọrụ
A mụrụ Staunton na Southern Rhodesia, nke mechara bụrụ Zimbabwe ma mụọ akwụkwọ Bekee na UK.[1] Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na ibipụta akwụkwọ na London, ebe John Calder were ya n'ọrụ.[2][3] Mgbe nnwere onwe nke 1980 nke Zimbabwe gasịrị, ọ laghachiri ebe ahụ wee rụọ ọrụ dịka onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke mbụ maka Ngalaba Omenala na Ministry of Education and Culture, na mgbe ahụ na Ngalaba Mmepe Curriculum na otu Ministry.

### Akwụkwọ Baobab
N'afọ 1987, Staunton na Hugh Lewin guzobere Baobab Press,   "nke nwetara aha dị ka onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ na-akpali akpali",  na n'ime afọ 11 ya n'ebe ahụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bipụtara ọtụtụ akụkọ ifo, ndị na-abụghị akụkọ ifo, uri, akwụkwọ ụmụaka, akwụkwọ nka na akwụkwọ nkuzi.  Ndepụta Baobab gụnyere ọrụ ndị edemede dị ka Chenjerai Hove (Noma Award for Publishing in Africa) na Shimmer Chinodya (onye mmeri nke Commonwealth Writers' Prize, mpaghara Africa), yana ọrụ Dambudzo Marechera, na akụkọ ifo Yvonne Vera niile. Baobab bipụtakwara ọtụtụ nchịkọta nke uri, gụnyere otu nke onye na-ede uri, Chirikure Chirikure.Mgbe ọ nọ na Baobab Books, Staunton chịkọtara akụkọ ihe mere eme mbụ nke Zimbabwe na akụkọ banyere ụmụ nwanyị na mgba nnwere onwe, Mothers of the Revolution .  O kwuru, sị: "O nwere nnukwu ihu ọma na nne na nna m kụziiri anyị ịkwanyere ndị mmadụ si n'akụkụ niile nke ndụ ùgwù ma gosi anyị na ihe dị mkpa abụghị ego ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ kama ọmịiko, ọmịiko. Ọchị na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe - ụkpụrụ ndị gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na nkwanye ùgwù onwe onye na nkwanye ugwu mmadụ. Nne m sokwa na Federation of African Women's Clubs Clubs, na-arụ ọrụ afọ ofufo nke ọ na-atọ nke ukwuu ma nye m, site na ya, site na ọ, ohere ịnweta ụmụ nwanyị siri ike, dị nro, na-eme ihe ọchị na-arụsi ọrụ ogologo oge maka ezinụlọ ha n'ime ime obodo. " 

### Ebe obibi akwụkwọ
Na 1999, Staunton hapụrụ Baobab wee malite ịtọlite ​​Weaver Press na Murray McCartney, na-arụkwa ọrụ nwa oge maka Heinemann African Writers Series ruo 2003.[1] Guzobere dị ka obere ụlọ ọrụ na-ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ nwere onwe, na-ebipụta akwụkwọ site na Zimbabwe (gụnyere akụkọ ifo, akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọmụmụ gbasara mmekọrịta mmadụ na nwoke na nwanyị), [2] [3] Weaver Press na-agụ ugbu a n'etiti ndị odee ya na-aga nke ọma Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, NoViolet Bulawayo, Brian Chikwava, Shimmer Chinodya, Petina Huzen, Lara Valekarie N, Lara Valekarie Tagwira, Yvonne Vera, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.[4][5] Tinashe Mushkavanhu dere banyere Staunton: "Ọ bụ ọrụ nke ndị edemede o bipụtara na mgbe niile nọ n'etiti ogbo, na-emeri mba accolades, ma ọ bụ na-asụgharị ... Weaver Press bụ ihe kasị arụsi ọrụ ike mbipụta nchegbu na Zimbabwe na a mgba aku na uba"[6] Emepụtala mmemme akụkọ ifo nke ụlọ ọrụ site na nkwado sitere na NGO Dutch Hivos.  

### Ọrụ edemede ndị metụtara ya
Staunton anọwo na-echegbu onwe ya maka nyocha site na akụkọ ihe mere eme, mgbe ụfọdụ na ọrụ ya na òtù ndị ọzọ, na-elekwasị anya na olu ndị Afrịka a na-anụbeghị, ọkachasị nke ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka Zimbabwe.  

Ọ rụkọtara ọrụ na Save the Children Zimbabwe na mbipụta dị iche iche, gụnyere Children in Our Midst: Voices of Farmworkers' Children (2000), dabere na ajụjụ ọnụ ya na (ma gụnyere eserese) ọtụtụ narị ụmụaka na-esi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ugbo gaa n'ụlọ ọrụ ugbo n'ime ime obodo Zimbabwe, ndị na-ekwu maka nsogbu dị iche iche na-emetụta ha. Onye nyocha maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Children, Youth and Environments dere, sị: "Isiakwụkwọ ndị ahụ, nke mejupụtara kpamkpam nkwupụta ụmụaka dere ma ọ bụ dekọrọ, na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ndụ ụmụaka, gụnyere mmetụta onwe ha ('Abụ m nwatakịrị'), ezinụlọ, ụlọ, ahụmịhe ọrụ, ụlọ akwụkwọ, omenala na egwuregwu ('Mgbe ụfọdụ anyị nwere obi ụtọ'). ...Nke a abụghị naanị akwụkwọ na-ebipụta echiche nke ụmụaka na-arụ ọrụ. Ọ na-ama echiche ndị dị mma banyere mmalite. Ọ na ọrụ azụmahịa.

Na mmekorita ya na Chiedza Musengezi nke Zimbabwe Women Writers, Staunton chịkọtara A Tragedy of Lives: Women in Prison in Zimbabwe, dabere na ajụjụ ọnụ ya na ndị bụbu ndị mkpọrọ nwanyị, na Women of Resilience: The Voices of Women Ex-combatants (2000). 

Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi nke Staunton "Pauline's Ghost" bụ nke e depụtara maka 2009 PEN/Studzinski Literary Award, nke J. M. Coetzee kpebiri.

A na-akwanyere ya ùgwù nke ọma dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ na onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ nke ndị na-ede ya na-enweta ihe nrite mgbe niile  - Stanley Gazemba na edemede ya na nso nso a "African Publishing Minefields and the Woes of the African Writer" na-aja Staunton mma maka nlebara anya "na usoro nhazi na imewe na ogo nke akwụkwọ ya"  - ọ bụ onye a kpọrọ òkù na mmemme edemede obodo na nke mba ụwa.  O dezigharịrị ọtụtụ nchịkọta nke ederede Zimbabwe,   ma dee edemede gbasara mbipụta na Zimbabwe. Ruo afọ iri na abụọ site na 2003 ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Poetry International dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ Zimbabwe, na-enyefe ọrụ ahụ na 2015 na Togara Muzanenhamo.  N'ikwu okwu n'ajụjụ ọnụ 2011 Staunton kwuru, sị: "Ndị nchịkọta akụkọ dị ka aka: egwuregwu ahụ enweghị ike ịga n'ihu na-enweghị ha, ma ọrụ ha dị na onyinyo. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ịhụ ọtụtụ ndị edemede kwetara na ndị nchịkọta ha - anya nke atọ bara uru".

## Ndụ onwe onye
Staunton lụrụ Murray McCartney, onye ọ zutere na Africa Centre na London mgbe ọ bụ osote onye nduzi n'ebe ahụ. McCartney sooro ya kwaga Harare na 1983,  ma bụrụkwa onye nduzi nke Weaver Press. 

## Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ

; Dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ

* Mothers of the Revolution: War Experiences of Thirty Zimbabwean Women, Harare: Baobab Books, 1990; London, UK: James Currey, 1991. E bipụtaghachiri Harare: Weaver Press, 2020,  . 
* Children in Our Midst: Voices of Farmworkers' Children (ed. Irene McCartney), Harare: Weaver Press, na Save the Children, 2000.   ISBN .&nbsp;
* (ya na Chiedza Musengezi) A Tragedy of Lives: Women in Prison in Zimbabwe, Harare: Weaver Press, 2000.   ISBN .&nbsp;
* (ya na Chiedza Musengezi) Women of Resilience: the voices of ex-combatants, Harare: Zimbabwe Women Writers, 2000.   ISBN .&nbsp;
* *Anyị nwere ihe anyị ga-ekwu: Ụmụaka na Zimbabwe na-ekwu okwu*, Children's Consortium, 2002.   ISBN .&nbsp;
* Writing Still: New Stories from Zimbabwe, Harare: Weaver Press, 2003.   ISBN .&nbsp;
* *Ịchị Ọchị Ugbu a. Akụkọ Ọhụrụ sitere na Zimbabwe*[Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   ISBN .&nbsp;
* Our Broken Dreams - Child Migration in Southern Africa (ed. na Chris McIvor na Chris Björnestad), Weaver Press, 2008.   ISBN .&nbsp;
* Women Writing Zimbabwe, Harare: Weaver Press, 2008.   ISBN .&nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   ISBN .&nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   ISBN .&nbsp;
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]   ISBN .&nbsp;

## Edemsibia

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ