Ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị jụụ

thumb| Map ihu igwe nke Köppen-Geiger na-egosi oke ihu igwe maka 1980-2016
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| mpaghara dị iche iche nke ụwa.  mgbaàmà ndị na-ekpo ọkụ, n'echiche nke mpaghara mpaghara site na latitude, na-esi na ugwu ma ọ bụ ndịda nke subtropics (n'ebe ugwu ma ọ bụ ndị nke edo edo edo edo, na 35 degrees n'  ebe ugwu ma ọ bụ n'ebe ndịda) na polar ebubo .
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. Na ina ala, ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ nke ụwa na-eme na etiti latitudes (23.5 ° na 66.5 ° N / S nke Equator), nke dị n'etiti oke akụ na mpaghara pola nke ike .  [1] mgbaàmà ndị a na-enwekarị oke ntụ n'ime apụ yana iche dị iche iche n'oge oge ma e jiri ya akara ihu igwe, ebe ike dị otú ahụ na- obere ma na-enwe mmetụta mmiri mmiri.

N'ọnọdụ ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ, ọ bụghị naanị na ọnọdụ latitude na-emetụta mgbanwe okpomọkụ, mana oke osimiri, ikuku na-aga n'ihu, kọntinenti (otú nnukwu ala si dị) na elu na-akpụkwa ọnọdụ ihu igwe. 

. .Nhazi ihu igwe nke Köppen na-mịka ihu igwe dị ka "okpomọkụ" C, mgbe ọnụ dị n'elu −3 Celsius C (26.6 Celsius F) ma n'okpuru 18 Celsius C (64.4 °F) n'ime ụnwa ụ chukwu oyi  iji ntu oyi na-adịgide .  nkọwa, ụfọdụ ihe nke Köppen mkpa opekempe na 0 Celsius C (32.0 °F) .  A na-ahụta ihu igwe kọntinent, nkewapụrụ iche dị ka "continental" D dị ka Köppen si kwuo, a na-ewere ya dị ka ụdị ihu igwe dị iche iche mana ha nwewere siri ike siri, nke nwoke nke ụnwanyị oyi na  - akara n'okpuru -3

.  ihu igwe dị n'ebe ugwu gbagoro site na Tropic of Cancer (ihe dị ka 23.5° north latitude) ruo Arctic Circle (ihe dị ka 66.5° north latitude).  ihu igwe ndịda gbatịrị site na Tropic of Capricorn (ihe dị ka 23.5° south latitude) ruo Antarctic Circle (n'ihe dịka 66.5° south latitude)

N'ụụ onye nhazi ihu igwe, mpaghara ihu igwe ike kewaa n'ọtụtụ mpaghara ihu igwe pere mpe, dabere na dabere kwa nwanwanyị, anwale oyi, na mmiri ozuzo.  a nwere ike mpaghara mpaghara ebe ebe (pụta subtropical na Mediterranean ihu igwe ), na mpaghara ihu igwe dị egwu (oke osimiri na ihu igwe kọntinent )

Ndị a bụ ihu igwe nke a na-ahụkarị n'akụkụ akụkụ equatorial nke mpaghara ihu igwe dị n'etiti 23.5 ° na 35 ° n'ebe ugwu ma ọ bụ n'ebe ndịda, ya mere okpomọkụ na-enwe mmetụta karịa ụdị ihu igwe ọ bụla ọzọ, na-enwekarị okpomọkụ karịa afọ. ; ogologo oge na okpomọkụ; na mkpirisi, obere oyi oyi. Mmiri oyi na-adịghị ahụkebe n'akụkụ a nke mpaghara okpomọkụ.

Ọnọdụ ihu igwe nke Mediterenian nwere usoro mmiri ozuzo na-adịghị na nke iru mmiri dị n'okpuru ebe okpomọkụ na ihu igwe udu mmiri, yana oge ọkọchị na udu mmiri. Ihu igwe a na-emekarị n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ na ụsọ oké osimiri nke kọntinent ma bụrụ nke ọzara kpọrọ nkụ nke dị n'akụkụ equatorward ha na-ebute ikuku kpọrọ nkụ na-akpata oge ọkọchị nke ọkọchị, na ihu igwe dị n'oké osimiri n'akụkụ poleward nke mmiri mmiri na ikuku dị jụụ na-emetụta. ọtụtụ ndị na-ebute mmiri ozuzo oyi. Mpaghara ise bụ isi Mediterranean nke ụwa bụ Osimiri Mediterenian dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Afro-Eurasia, ụsọ oké osimiri California na United States, ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Australia, Western Cape nke South Africa na ndịda na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke ụsọ oké osimiri Chile . 

Ọnọdụ ihu igwe ndị a na-eme na etiti latitudes, n'etiti ihe dịka 35° na 66.5° n'ebe ugwu na ndịda nke equator. Enwere mmetụta ihu igwe nha anya site na mpaghara pola na ebe okpomọkụ na mpaghara ihu igwe a. Ụdị ihu igwe abụọ dị na mpaghara a, oke osimiri dị nro nke na-akawanye njọ na kọntinent nke oge. Imirikiti ihu igwe dị n'ụdị ihe atụ nwere ụkpụrụ nke oge anọ, ọkachasị na mpaghara ihu igwe kọntinent.

A na-emepụta ihu igwe dị n'oké osimiri site na mmiri dị n'ikpere mmiri na-esi n'oké osimiri dị elu dị jụụ gaa n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ha. Nke a na-eme ka ihu igwe nwee oge ọkọchị dị nro na oyi (ma ọ bụghị oyi) na oyi, na iru mmiri na oke mmiri na-ekesa nke ọma n'ime afọ. Ọnọdụ ihu igwe ndị a na-abụkarị urukpuru ma dị jụụ, na oyi na-adịkwa nro karịa nke dị na ihu igwe kọntinent.

Mpaghara nwere ihu igwe oke osimiri gụnyere ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Europe, ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ North America, ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ South America, ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Australia na ọtụtụ New Zealand .