Alexander Milne Calder

thumb|Al Milne Calder w Billy.
Alexander Milne Calder (August 23, 1846 - June 4, 1923) (MILL-nee) bụ onye ọkpụ America nke Scotland kacha mara amara maka ihe owuwu ụlọ nke Philadelphia City Hall .  [1] Ma nwa ya nwoke, Alexander Stirling Calder, na nwa nwa, Alexander Calder, àmà ndị na-ese ihe na ike adọ nke 20.

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A Washington Calder na Aberdeen, Scotland, nwa nke onye na-ese okwute .  [1] Ọ gara Royal Academy na Edinburgh n'oge ọ bụ ọrụ maka onye na-ese ihe John Rhind, nna nke onye na-ese ihe J. Massey Rhind .  Calder kwagara London, ebe ọ bụ ọrụ na-ahụ Albert .  Na 1868, ọ kwagara United States wee biri na Philadelphia, ebe ya na Joseph A. Bailly akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ma gaa Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts .

## Ọrụ
N'afọ 1873, onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ John McArthur Jr. goro ya ọrụ, iji ụdị maka ihe ọkpụkpụ na-achọ ndị Obodo Philadelphia .  Kọmishana ahụ ahụ ihe mgbaàmà 250 mabul na ola kọpa ma were Calder afọ iri abụọ iji wuchaa.  N'otu afɔ ahụ, Calder nyere onye na-ụzọ nke Philadelphia ugbu a Association for Public Art, Fairmount Park Art Association, ka ọ chọ ihe oyiyi equestrian nke Major General George Gordon Meade maka Fairmount Park.  Mgbe ahụ na 1875, ọ meri maka nnukwu ihe oyiyi (ụkwụ 37) nke William Penn bụ nke ga-ekpube ụlọ elu ndị Obodo ọhụrụ.  Ihe oyiyi ahụ ka bụ nke kasị ukwuu n'elu ụlọ ọ àlà n'ụwa ruo taa.   

A na-eli Calder na West Laurel Hill Cemetery na Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania, mpaghara Philadelphia.

## Ọrụ ndị ama ama

* Ụlọ Nzukọ Ụlọ Nzukọ Philadelphia, ihe oyiyi ụkpụrụ ụlọ, John McArthur Jr., Philadelphia, 1873 &#x2013; 1893.
* *Major General George Gordon Meade*, West Fairmount Park, Philadelphia, 1887
* *William Warner Tomb*, Ebe ili ozu Laurel Hill, Philadelphia, 1889
* *William Penn*, ihe oyiyi dị mita 37 n'elu Ụlọ Nzukọ Obodo Philadelphia, Philadelphia, nke enịm na 1894

## Onyonyo

Usòrò:Alex_M_Calder.jpg|alt=William Warner Tomb, Laurel Hill Cemetery (1889)|William Warner Tomb,ebe a na-eli ozu Laurel Hill(1889)
Usòrò:73rd_PA_Infantry_Monument.jpg|alt=73rd Pennsylvania Infantry monument, Gettysburg Battlefield (1889)|Ihe nke 73 nke Pennsylvania,Ebe agha Gettysburg(1889)
Usòrò:IndianFigureCityHallTowerc.1892.jpg|alt=Indian Figure, prior to installation on City Hall, c. 1892|akwụkwọIndia, tupu mmalite ya na ndị Obodo Obodo, c. 1892
Usòrò:City_Hall_Philadelphia.jpg|alt=Philadelphia City Hall in 1899| Obodo Obodo Philadelphiana 1899
Usòrò:Phlcityhalldetail.jpg|alt=South Portal|Ebe nda Portal
Usòrò:City_Hall_holiday.jpg|alt=West Portal, illuminated with colored lights (2005)|West Portal, jiri ọkụ na-acha ụcha mee (2005)
Usòrò:Philadelphia_City_Hall-zoom.JPG|alt=William Penn (1894), atop Philadelphia City Hall| *William Penn*(1894), n'elu Philadelphia City Hall
Usòrò:BillyPenn.jpg|alt=William Penn faces northeast, so the face is generally in shadow| *William Penn*chere ihu na egwu egwu, alụ ihu na- ọgụ na ndò
Usòrò:Illustrated_Souvenir_of_Fairmount_Park,_Philadelphia,_Pa._(1918)_(14769096904).jpg|alt=Equestrian statue of George Meade, Fairmount Park (1887)| Ihe oyiyi equestrian nke George Meade,Ogige Fairmount(1887)


## Isi mmalite

* Bach, Penny Balkin, *Art Art na Philadelphia*, Temple University Press, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1992 
* Craven, Wayne, *Ọkpụkpụ na America*, Thomas Y Crowell Co, NY, NY 1968 
* Fairmount Park Association, *Ọkpụrụkpụ nke Obodo: Akụ nke Philadelphia na Bronze na Nkume*, Walker Publishing Co., Inc, NY. NY 1974 
* Hayes, Margaret Calder *Atọ Alexander Calders*, Paul S Eriksson Publisher, Middlebury, Vermont, 1977 
* Kvaran na Lockley, *Nduzi maka Ọkpụkpụ Ọkpụkpụ n'Amerika*, ihe odide anaghị ebipụta
* Williams, Oliver P., *Ụlọikpe County nke Pennsylvania: Nduzi*, Akwụkwọ Stackpole, Mechanicsburg, PA 2001 

## Ntụaka


## Njikọ mpụga

* Akụkọ ndụ na webụsaịtị West Laurel Hill Cemetery
* Alexander Milne Calder peeji na Philadelphia Public Art
* Plaque na-asọpụrụ Alexander Milne Calder na Philadelphia Public Art
* Alexander Milne Calder