Willem Boshoff

**Willem Boshoff** (amụrụ 1951, Johannesburg, South Africa) bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe n'oge South Africa ma na-egosipụta oge niile na mba na mba ụwa. 

Boshoff nọrọ na nwata ya na Vanderbijlpark, nke bụ obodo dị n'akụkụ Osimiri Vaal, nke dị ihe dị ka kilomita iri asaa na ise ndịda Johannesburg. Nna ya, Martiens, bụ onye ọkwá nkà nke nyere ya ohere ịzụlite ịhụnanya maka ịrụ ọrụ na osisi. Nke a nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nka nka ọ dị ugbu a. A maara Boshoff nke ọma maka nrụnye echiche ya. Ụzọ o si ekwupụta echiche ya ma nwee ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze bụ ihe na-eme ka Boshoff bụrụ onye na-ese ihe.  Dị ka akwụkwọ nke Ivan Vladislavić dere, ọ na-ekwu na Willem Boshoff bụ "onye na-ese ihe na-emepụta ihe osise na-adịghị ahụkebe kemgbe afọ iri asaa, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bịara na ntị ọha na eze na ntinye ya *The Alphabet Alphabet* na Johannesburg Biennale, Africus 95 . "  "N'ịbụ onye na-akpọ onwe ya 'onye na-eyi ọha egwu asụsụ,' Boshoff na-ekwusi ike ọ bụghị nanị na ọ na-azọrọ asụsụ niile dị ka ngwá agha n'ọgbọ agha nka megide ọdịbendị omenala, kamakwa na ụzọ ya adịghị mma." 

Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ Boshoff gbatịrị ihe karịrị afọ iri abụọ. Ọ zụrụ azụ dị ka onye nkuzi na kọleji nka nka nke Johannesburg tupu ọ gbasoo diplọma na nka nka, na-emesi ike na ibipụta akwụkwọ, na 1980. Ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta nna ukwu na ihe ọkpụkpụ site na Technikon Witwatersrand na 1984. O mere njem mmụta na Austria na Germany na 1982, yana England, Wales, na Scotland na 1993.  O nwetara nzere doctorate na Mahadum Johannesburg na 2008. 

Boshoff, otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe na South Africa, abanyela na Ngalaba Fine Arts dịka onye ndụmọdụ maka ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ. Prọfesọ Boshoff, onye ọrụ ya gosipụtara nke ọma na South Africa na mba ụwa, ga-abụ onye ndụmọdụ na onye na-ese ihe na ngalaba. Prọfesọ Boshoff mere akara ya na mahadum na 2011 mgbe arụnyere ihe ọkpụkpụ Thinking Stone ya, otu n'ime ihe osise iri na isii nke ọrụ Sculpture-on-Campus nyere ọrụ, na nso Ụlọ Isi. Nkume granite "Black Belfast", nke dị n'akụkụ Hvd Merwe Scholtz Hall, dị ihe dị ka ton 20 na, ka ọ dị ugbu a, bụ nke kachasị n'ime ihe osise nke National Lottery Distribution Trust Fund kwadoro. Mr Ben Botma, Onye isi nke ngalaba nke Fine Arts, na-ekwu na Prof. Boshoff, onye dabeere na Gauteng, ga-arụ ọrụ na Bloemfontein Campus maka ọnwa ụfọdụ nke afọ. "Dịka onye na-ese ihe ọ na-arụpụta nke ukwuu ma nwee mmemme ngosi mba ụwa dị egwu. N'ihi ya, ọ nwere nkọwa dị mma nke ihe na-eme na ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie kachasị mkpa na veranda ndị dị ugbu a. Enwere ike ịkọrọ ozi a na nghọta na ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere nnukwu ihe ịga nke ọma." Mazị Botma na-ekwu na ọ bụ ezie na nkuzi a bụ maka ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na postgraduate, ọnụnọ Prọfesọ Boshoff na omume ịrụsi ọrụ ike ga-akpali ma kpalie ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ. "Willem bụ onye a ma ama dị ka onye nyocha na onye nhazi na mahadum ndị ọzọ ma nwee echiche dị mma banyere ihe na-eme na mahadum ndị isi".  Boshoff ga-emecha hapụ Mahadum wee lekwasị anya n'ịghọ ọkachamara nka. 

## Ihe ngosi
E gosipụtara ọrụ Boshoff na mbụ na 1981, na na 1985 dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi otu ndị njem na South Africa Art na South Africa na West Germany, akpọrọ 'Tributaries'.  Emechara gosi ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi zuru ụwa ọnụ, dịka: 1st Johannesburg Biennial (Africus), 1995;  Biennial International nke 23 nke São Paulo, 1996;  2nd Johannesburg Biennial, 1997;  'Memory, Intimacy Traces' (Intimas Memorias Marcas) nke Fernando Alvim chepụtara na Pavilhãoa Branco, na Museu da Cidade na Lisbon, Portugal na ịgagharị na Museum of Modern Art, Antwerp, Belgium na 2000. N'afọ 1999, e gosipụtara nrụnye ya 'Garden of words II' na 8th Floralies Internationales, Nantes, France na ọrụ ya bụ nke gosipụtara dịka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi otu akpọrọ: 'Conceptualist Art: Points of Origin 1950s-1980s' na Queens Museum of Art, New York wee gaa na Walker Art Center, Minneapolis na 2000. N'otu afọ ahụ, e gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Museum of Modern Art, Antwerp, Belgium; Ụlọ ihe ngosi nke igbe ọcha, Chelsea, New York; Havana Biennial, Cuba; Bildmuseet, Umea, Sweden; Site na Cesare Correnti, Milan, Italy; Museo Nacional, Centro deArte, Reina Sofia, Madrid, Spain (dị ka akụkụ nke ngosi: Visiones del Sur: Ọ dịghị es sólo lo que ves: pervirtiendo minimalismo, curated site Gerardo Mosquera ).

Na 2001 ọrụ ya e gosiri na Den Frie Center of Contemporary Art ( Den Frie Udstillingsbygning ), Copenhagen, Denmark; Museum Villa Stuck, Munich, Germany (dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi otu: 'Short Century: Independence and Liberation Movements in Africa') na-aga na Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago, USA. A hụkwara ọrụ ya na 49th Venice Biennial dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi Authentic/Ex-centric: Africa In and Out Africa curated by Olu Oguibe and Okwui Enwezor and at Museum Boijmans van Beuningen, Rotterdam dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi curated: 'Unpacking Europe' nke Salah Hassan na Iftikhar Dadi (13 Disemba 2001 - 24 February 2002). N'afọ 2002, e gosipụtara nrụnye ya: 'Garden of Words II' na Vandskel Kunstcentret, Silkeborg Bad, Denmark; na Camouflage, Observatorio, Brussels na Switzerland na 2003. Na 2003 e gosikwara ọrụ ya na Rose Art Museum, Mahadum Brandeis, Boston, USA; Galerie Asbæk, Copenhagen, Denmark dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi: 'Sted/Place' na Musee ngalaba de la Haute-Saône Albert Demard, Champlitte, France.

2005 hụrụ ọrụ ya gosipụtara na ngosi 'Textures' na National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA na na 2008 ọrụ ya bụ akụkụ nke ihe ngosi nke Stichting Sonsbeek mere na Arnhem, Netherlands.

Na 2009 o gosipụtara ihe ngosi na Art Basel, nke akpọrọ: 'The Big Druid in his Cubicle'; na 2010 ọrụ ya e gosiri na Kunsthalle, Göppingen, Germany na otu ngosi 'Obi ụtọ ọgwụgwụ' curated site Annett Reckert; Daimler Contemporary Gallery, Berlin dị ka akụkụ nke 'Ampersand' nke Christian Ganzenberg chepụtara na ntinye na Hyde Park Shopping Center, London, UK.

## Ọrụ ndị ama ama

### Ụmụ kpakpando
*Ụmụaka nke kpakpando* bụ ngwakọta nke isiokwu abụọ dị iche iche: sayensị na okpukperechi.  Boshoff na-eji otu echiche ahụ sitere na mpempe nka ya *Circle of Knowledge* . Na-ese okwu n'ime okwute n'asụsụ dị iche iche. 

### Okirikiri Ọmụma
Kring van Kennis (nke a na-akpọkarị *Circle of Knowledge* ) bụ ihe osise nke nwere okwute granite ojii iri na otu nke nwere elu elu na akụkụ ndị siri ike.  Nke a bụ ọrụ mahadum Johannesburg nyere onye na-ese ihe. Okwute granite ọ bụla nwere ihe osise nke asụsụ iri na otu gọọmentị South Africa (gụnyere Bekee). A kanyere nkebiokwu ndị ahụ n'ụdị okirikiri n'elu planed. Boshoff kọwara ihe kpatara iji asụsụ South Africa ji dị mkpa na ibe a. 

### mkpụrụedemede kpuru ìsì
" *The Blind Alphabet Project* bụ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu, nke e mere maka ndị ìsì. Ọ bụ ihe ọkpụkpụ aka na-eji aka, ọtụtụ iberibe ya akpụpụtara site na osisi dị iche iche nke dị nro na-emetụ aka. Okwu ọ bụla-ọkpụkpụ dị ihe dị ka nha. bọọlụ rugby, dị mfe iburu, na-atọ ụtọ wee nyefee ndị ọzọ. "  Boshoff na-emepụta ọtụtụ nka nka wee kekọta ha ka ha na-anọchi anya mkpụrụedemede dị iche iche na mkpụrụedemede. Ihe kpatara Boshoff ji kee mpempe nka a bụ ime ntinye nke ga-abụ enyi na enyi. Enwere ike ịghọta ozi gbasara iberibe ahụ site n'ịgụ braille na ha, na-enye ndị ìsì ohere megide ndị na-ahụ ụzọ.  "N'otu ebe ahụ nwere nnukwu ohere nke ụlọ ihe ngosi nka, *mkpụrụedemede kpuru* na-enyere ndị na-ahụ anya aka ịgbanwe usoro a na-ahụkarị, site n'ịduzi ndị na-ahụ anya na ịkọwa nka maka ha." 

### Ụjọ
*Panifice* bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ogbe achịcha na bọọdụ achịcha e dekwasịrị n'amaokwu nke Oziọma Matiu n'ime bọọdụ ahụ n'asụsụ Europe.  E nwekwara bọọdụ nwere asụsụ Africa e denyere aha na-eji otu amaokwu. A na-eji oji granite mee bred ahụ, a na-ejikwa ya na-anọchi anya okwute okwute. A na-eji ibe a nọchite anya echiche nke ịkekọrịta ihe. "Ọ pụtara na-ezute na mmegharị ahụ nke mmadụ nke ịbịakwute onye ọzọ na nke ọzọ ya, na-eme ka onwe ya baa ọgaranya site n'ahụmahụ nke onye ọzọ, ma ọ bụ ihe ọ pụtara site n'itinye onwe ya na nkume ma na-ebuga ya na ndị na-azụ ahịa dị anya, ma eleghị anya na ọ dị mkpa. dị ka onye naanị ya? "  Atụle ụdị nka Boshoff na Marcel Duchamp 's, na-ekwu na Duchamp na-ewepụ nka dị ka ihe ọmarịcha ebe Boshoff na-ewepụ nka dịka ndị na-ahụ maka ihe kacha mma na ndụ. 

## Nlebanya/ndepụta n'ịntanetị

* Ihe dị na onye na-ese ihe na anya ọha, Artthrob, nke Sue Williamson dere, mbipụta 48, August 2001. Dị na ntanetị: http://www.artthrob.co.za/01aug/artbio.html
* Willem Boshoff na Goodman Gallery, 18 Ọgọst – 24 Septemba 2011, Artthrob, nke Matthew Partridge dere. Dị na ntanetị: http://www.artthrob.co.za/Reviews/2011/08/Matthew-Partridge-reviews-SWAT-by-Willem-Boshoff-at-Goodman-Gallery.aspx
* Azịza ya dị n'okpuru nkume, Willem Boshoff gbara ajụjụ ọnụ site Johan Thom), Art South Africa Magazine, V4.5, 2006. Dịkwa na ntanetị: https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050540/http://artsouthafrica.com/?article=76
* N’ime mpụta: Johannesburg Biennale, nke Ruth Rosengarten dere, mbipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ Frieze 23 Juun – Ọgọst 1995. Dịkwa na ntanetị: https://web.archive.org/web/20130927185238/http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/inside_out1/

## Hụkwa

* nka nwụnye
* Ọkpụkpụ
* Concrete abụ
* Ndepụta nke ndị na-ede uri na ndị na-ahụ anya

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* https://web.archive.org/web/20230328160332/https://movingcube.uj.ac.za/3d-gallery/blind-alphabet-letter-b-barbery-bigeminate/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20220630165607/https://movingcube.uj.ac.za/watch/blind-alphabet-documentary-series/brief-history-willem-boshoffs-blind-alphabet/
* http://www.willemboshoff.com
* " https://web.archive.org/web/20140925123021/http://www.willemboshoff.com/documents/artworks/young_guns.htm ."
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations