Harry G. Robinson III

**Harry G. Robinson III** (amuru Jenụwarị 18, 1942) bụ onye America na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, na prọfesọ nke ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Dean Emeritus nke School of Architecture and Design na Mahadum Howard dị na Washington, DC Ọ bụ onye otu US Commission of Fine Arts sitere na 1994 ruo 2003, ma jee ozi dị ka onyeisi oche ya site na 2002 ruo 2003.  Ọ bụkwa onye America mbụ a họpụtara ịbụ onyeisi oche nke National Architectural Accrediting Board, na onye mbụ African American họpụtara onye isi oche nke National Council of Architectural Registration Boards .

## Ndụ mmalite na ọrụ
A mụrụ Robinson na Freedman's Hospital  na Jenụwarị 18, 1942, na Washington, DC, nye Harry G. Robinson, Jr. na Gwendolyn Herriford Robinson.    O nwere nwanne nwanyị tọrọ ya, Joan.  Ezinụlọ ya nwere njikọ chiri anya na Mahadum Howard, nke dị nso na ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji. Nna nna ya, James Henry Hill, sonyeere ngalaba na Mahadum Howard na 1879.  Nne nne ya, Mamie Hill Robinson, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kọleji ndị nkuzi Howard na 1887.  A mụrụ nna ya na 1908 n'ụlọ ebe Mahadum Howard William H. Greene Stadium dị ugbu a. Nna ya na-etukarị ọnụ na a mụrụ ya na ahịrị 50 yard Howard.  Nne nne ya mechara resị ụlọ akwụkwọ mahadum ahụ maka $10. 

Nna Robinson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Howard na 1934, wee gbaa bọọlụ varsity ebe ahụ.  Nne ya rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ Dentistry nke Mahadum Howard,  nwanne nne ya kụziiri ọrụ mmekọrịta n'ebe ahụ, na Colonel James Hill Robinson (nwanne nna ya na onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na United States Military Academy ) bụ onye nlekọta ụlọ ọrụ n'ebe ahụ mgbe Robinson bụ onye. Undergraduate.  Ndị òtù ezinụlọ 24 ọzọ bịakwara Howard.  Akpọrọ Robinson aha "Butch" mgbe ọ na-etolite.  Afọ mbụ Robinson biri n'ụlọ dị na 2715 Georgia Avenue NW nke dị nso na Mahadum Howard (n'akụkụ okporo ámá site n'ụlọ nne na nna ya ochie).  Robinson na-egwuri egwu na kampos, na-agba ụgbọ ala na-agbadata n'ugwu ya, na-amụta igwu mmiri n'ọdọ mmiri ya.   Mgbe ọ banyere James Monroe Elementary School, ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara n'ebe ugwu ruo Farragut Street NW. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke Benjamin Banneker (ugbu a Benjamin Banneker Academic High School ), ụlọ akwụkwọ dịpụrụ adịpụ nke agbụrụ, ụlọ akwụkwọ ojii niile, na 1953.  Mana mgbe mkpebi nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke 1954 na *Brown v. Board of Education*, 347 US 483, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị MacFarland Junior jikọtara agbụrụ. 

Robinson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Howard na 1966 na nzere bachelọ nke Architecture (ya na nkwanye ugwu imewe).    Robinson sonyeere ndị agha United States mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ,  ghọrọ onye isi, wee jee ozi njem dị ka onye injinia Lieutenant nke abụọ na Vietnam na 1967 n'oge Agha Vietnam .  Ọ natara ihe nrite Bronze Star na Obi Purple,  wee kwalite ka ọ bụrụ onye isi ala mbụ .  Ọ natara Master of City Planning (MCP) site na Howard na 1970.   O debanyere aha na Mahadum Harvard, ebe o nwetara MCP n'ime ime obodo na 1972 site na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Gụsịrị Akwụkwọ.  

Robinson malitere ọrụ ya na-arụ ọrụ dịka onye nhazi obodo maka DC Redevelopment Land Agency (RLA) site na 1968 ruo 1972. 

## Ọrụ nkuzi
Ọrụ nkuzi Robinson malitere mgbe ọ kuziri ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Mahadum District nke Columbia site na 1969 ruo 1970 na ọzọ site na 1971 ruo 1974. 

Ọ kụzikwaara ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Morgan State College na Baltimore, Maryland, site na 1972 ruo 1979. N'oge ọpụpụ ya, ọ bụ onye isi ngalaba nhazi obodo.   Mgbe ọ nọ na steeti Morgan, Robinson nwetara ọtụtụ onyinye gọọmentị etiti iji mụọ atụmatụ obodo, wee mepụta mmemme gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụkpụrụ ụlọ na atụmatụ obodo. Steeti Morgan ghọrọ kọleji mbụ ma ọ bụ mahadum ojii nke American Institute of Planners nabatara ya.  Ọ tọrọ ntọala wee bụrụ onye isi nke Center for Built Environment Studies, mmemme interdisciplinary na ije, atụmatụ obodo, ihe owuwu ala, na ime obodo. 

Robinson bịara kuzie na Mahadum Howard mgbe o kwuchara nkuzi ebe ahụ na February 1979. N'ịbụ ndị ihe ọmụma na ike nke àgwà ya masịrị ya, ụmụ akwụkwọ hiwere kọmitii iji nyochaa ọnọdụ ya, wee zute ndị ngalaba ka ha kwurịta ihe ha chọpụtara. Otu ụmụ akwụkwọ jikọrọ aka wee rịọ onye isi Mahadum Howard James E. Cheek ka ọ were Robinson n'ọrụ dịka onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Architecture na Planning ọzọ. Robinson sonyeere Howard na Septemba 1979.  N'oge ya dị ka onye isi, ọ gbasaa usoro ọmụmụ, hazie African American Architect Initiative, ma guzobe mmemme iji gbaa ụmụ akwụkwọ DC ume ịhọrọ ọrụ n'ime ime obodo na nhazi.   Ogologo oge Robinson akwadola ohere nha anya maka ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Africa-America, mana na-arụ ụka na ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ojii kwesịrị ịchọ ọrụ ebe ha nwere ike nweta ya. "Achọghị m ịrịọ maka ihe ọ bụla. Ọ na-eme m ihere," ka ọ gwara *Newsday* na 1991. "Enwere m mmetụta ọhụrụ nke ịbụ onye na-egbuke egbuke. M n'ezie, n'ezie, na oke mgbasa ozi na-adịghị mma na mkpesa nke ihe anyị na-enweghị. Ike gwụrụ m. ... Anyị agaghị enweta ya. nnukwu ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ. 

Akpọrọ Robinson aha onye isi oche nwa oge nke Mahadum Howard maka ihe gbasara agụmakwụkwọ  na onye isi oche maka nchịkwa mahadum na 1995.  N'otu oge ahụ, ọ na-akwado usoro iji mepụta nnukwu ụlọ akwụkwọ.  Atụmatụ a, nke a na-akpọ "UniverCity 20/20," dị nso na agwụcha na 1997.  Mgbe e megharịrị Howard Hall na 1996, ọ zọpụtara brik na osisi site na ụlọ Historya ka ọ ree dị ka ndị na-anakọta ego maka mgbasa ozi isi obodo mahadum.  Robinson haziri nnukwu mkpọsa iji kuziere ụmụ akwụkwọ mahadum banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mahadum Howard dịka ụzọ isi tinye ha n'ịchụso ego ya.  Ọtụtụ ndị okenye na ụmụ akwụkwọ, ka o kwuru, enweghị nghọta doro anya banyere otú Howard si dị iche. "Ana m agwa ụmụ akwụkwọ  ọdịda ọ bụla, 'Ọ bụrụ  ị chọrọ agụmakwụkwọ, laa n'ụlọ ma gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ steeti mara mma." Ọ gara n'ihu na Howard dị ka James E. Silcott Prọfesọ nke Architecture. 

## Ọrụ gọọmentị
A họpụtara Robinson ka ọ bụrụ onye otu US Commission of Fine Arts na 1994 wee jee ozi ruo 2003.  Ọ bụ osote onye isi oche kọmitii ahụ site na 2000 ruo 2002,  na onye isi oche ya site na 2002 ruo 2003.   Robinson bụ onye otu CFA n'oge mkpebi esemokwu banyere ebe Ncheta Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ nke Mba na 1990s. Robinson kwadoro atụmatụ itinye ncheta ahụ n'okirikiri okporo ụzọ na Columbia Island n'ụkwụ Arlington Memorial Bridge .  O kwupụtakwara echiche siri ike gbasara mkpebi Washington Metro idowe mkpuchi na igwe nchara n'ọnụ ụzọ ọdụ ụgbọ oloko niile. Mgbe Metro wetara atụmatụ ya n'ihu CFA, Robinson kwuru, "Ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-agwụ ike, ọ na-ewe iwe."  Robinson duuru kọmishọna ahụ n'ịkatọ okpuru ulo. "Metro enweghị ike iwuli ihe ha gosiri anyị," ka o kwuru na July 2000. "Ọ gaghị eme."  Robinson n'otu aka ahụ wepụrụ atụmatụ 2002 nke National Park Service iji wuo 20,000-square-foot (1,900 m   ebe ndị ọbịa nọ n'okpuru ala na 400-foot (1m) ogologo ọwara n'okpuru ala nke Ncheta Washington . Robinson na CFA ji otu olu kwado atụmatụ a na Disemba 2001, mana kwuputara obi abụọ siri ike banyere ya na Mee 2002. "Ma eleghị anya, ahụmịhe njem nlegharị anya kacha mma na Ncheta Washington abụghị site n'ịga n'ọwara n'ime ya," Robinson kwuru, na-ekwubi na enwere obere nchekwa site na ịmanye ndị mmadụ ịgafe n'ọwara dị n'okpuru ihe ncheta ahụ.  Ndị ọrụ Park wepụrụ atụmatụ ahụ.  Robinson nwere otuto dị elu maka isi ụlọ ọrụ nke United States Institute of Peace, Otú ọ dị. Nhazi nke Moshe Safdie maka ihe owuwu nwere okpukpu asaa nke emere ka mkpụrụedemede ukwu V na-agbagọ agbagọ, na-ekpuchi nnukwu atrium nke nku na-acha ọcha kpuchie, bụ ụlọ America mbụ nke onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ. Robinson kpọrọ ụlọ ahụ "okwu na-akpali akpali, nke na-enye obi ụtọ nke mkpa udo dị." 

Na Disemba 1995, a họpụtara Robinson onye isi oche nke otu puku mmadụ iri na anọ nke onye isi ala Bill Clinton hiwere ịtụpụta nhazigharị nke akụkụ mechiri emechi nke Pennsylvania Avenue NW n'etiti White House na Lafayette Square.  Ndị otu ahụ tụpụtara echiche nke "obodo ukwu" nke ga-ewepụ pavment ahụ wee kụọ ubi ahịhịa, tinyekwa ebe a na-ere ahịa, ọrụ nri, na ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ iji mee ka mpaghara ahụ bụrụ ebe mgbakọ mara mma.  A ga-eji ndị na-akụ osisi chọọ mma dochie ihe mgbochi ndị na-adịghị mma nke ọma,  ohere ịbanye na Lafayette Square ga-agbasa n'ime ọnụ ụzọ ámá ka mma nke ogige ahụ, a ga-eji ihe mgbochi dị ka kpakpando mee ihe n'ime ogige ahụ dum, a ga-amachibidokwa ụgbọ ala ndị njem na mpaghara ahụ.   Atụmatụ imewe panel ahụ gbatịpụrụ ụkpụrụ ịchọ mma ndị a ọtụtụ ngọngọ n'akụkụ ọ bụla site na White House.  Mana National Park Service jụrụ atụmatụ nwa oge maka imewe ogologo oge.  (Dị ka nke 2012, ọ nweghị atụmatụ ogologo oge atụpụtara.)

## Ọrụ ndị ọzọ
Robinson kwadoro TRG Consulting na 1976, wee nọgide na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dịka nke 2009.  

Robinson bụ onye nhazi ntọala nke Washington Arts Consortium, bụ onye nlekọta na odeakwụkwọ nke National Building Museum,  na onye nlekọta nke Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum .  Ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ na National Underground Railroad Freedom Center .  Na 1995, Robinson duuru UNESCO International Commission on Goree Memorial and Museum, bụ ndị họpụtara ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ ka ha chepụta ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke House of Slaves na ihe ncheta n'àgwàetiti Gorée, n'ụsọ oké osimiri Dakar, Senegal .  

Robinson jere ozi afọ atọ dị ka onye isi oche nke District of Columbia Board of Architecture and Interior Design,  na ọ bụbu onye otu Board of Professional Responsibility for District of Columbia Court of Appeal . 

Ọ bụkwa onye isi oche gara aga nke National Architectural Accrediting Board  na National Council of Architectural Registration Boards .   Ọ bụ onye Afrịka mbụ a họpụtara n'ọkwa abụọ a. 

Robinson bụ onye nduzi nke Scenic America, onye so na kọmitii maka nchekwa nke White House, na onye otu ụlọ ọrụ nyocha nke Architectural. Ọ bụ onye nduzi nke White House Historical Association, onye so na ndị isi oche nke Kennedy Center for Performing Arts, na mbụ jere ozi na National Research Council's Committee of High Performance Sustainable Federal Buildings.  

N'afọ 2010, a kpọrọ Robinson ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ahụ maka ndị isi na-ahụ maka ụlọ ọrụ American Battle Monuments Commission . Ọ bụ onye mbụ Afrịka America jere ozi n'ọkwa a. 

Robinson bụ onye otu kọmitii nke 100 na Federal City . 

## Sọpụrụ na ọkwá ọkachamara
Robinson bụ 1969–1970 Martin Luther King, Jr. Fellow na Woodrow Wilson Foundation, na 1969-1970 United States Department of Transportation Urban Transportation Fellow.  Na 1991, ọ natara akụkụ Fulbright Fellowship ka ọ mụọ na Mahadum Copperbelt na Kitwe, Zambia .  Ọ bụ onye otu nke American Institute of Architects, ma na-ejide otu nsọpụrụ na Colegio de Arquitectos de Mexico, Sociedad de Arquitectos Mexicanos, na Trinidad na Tobago Institute of Architects. 

Robinson bụ onye nnata ọtụtụ ihe nrite. Robinson meriri ihe nrite nke American Institute of Architects 'Whitney M. Young Jr. Award na 1990.  Ọ natara Richard T. Ely Distinguished International Educator Award site na Lambda Alpha International Honourary Society maka ọganihu nke akụ na ụba ala na 1991.  Enyere ya ihe nrite nsọpụrụ sitere na National Organisation of Minority Architects na 1991, na onyinye pụrụ iche na 1992.  Mahadum Hampton nyere ya 125th Anniversary Citation for Leadership in Architecture na 1993.  Na 2003, Robinson nwetara Nrite Centennial nke Washington Chapter nke American Institute of Architects (nsọpụrụ kacha elu nke nzukọ ahụ). Ọ bụ onye nnata nke District of Columbia Council of Engineering and Architecture Societies Architect of the Year award na Howard University College of Engineering, Architecture and Computer Science Distinguished Alumni Award for International Leadership. A kpọbatara ya na Washington, DC, Hall of Fame na 2006. Mahadum Howard kwanyere ya ugwu site na ihe nrite Distinguished Postgraduate Achievement, nsọpụrụ kacha elu nke mahadum nyere, na 2008.  />  Ọ natakwara ihe nrite ọla ọcha site na isi DC nke Tau Sigma Delta Architectural Honor Society. 

## Mbipụta
N'afọ 1997, Robinson na Hazel Ruth Edwards kwadoro *ogologo oge ije: The Placemaking Legacy of Howard University,* akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Mahadum Howard na-elekwasị anya na ụlọ akwụkwọ ya. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Robinson lụrụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ redio mpaghara Dianne Robinson. Ha nwere ụmụ nwanyị atọ: Erin, Leigh, na Kia. 

## Ntụaka
obodo.   Mgbe ọ nọ na steeti Morgan, Robinson nwetara ọtụtụ onyinye gọọmentị etiti iji mụọ atụmatụ obodo, wee mepụta mmemme gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụkpụrụ ụlọ na atụmatụ obodo. Steeti Morgan ghọrọ kọleji mbụ ma ọ bụ mahadum ojii nke American Institute of Planners nabatara ya.  Ọ tọrọ ntọala wee bụrụ onye isi nke Center for Built Environment Studies, mmemme interdisciplinary na ije, atụmatụ obodo, ihe owuwu ala, na ime obodo.obodo.   Mgbe ọ nọ na steeti Morgan, Robinson nwetara ọtụtụ onyinye gọọmentị etiti iji mụọ atụmatụ obodo, wee mepụta mmemme gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụkpụrụ ụlọ na atụmatụ obodo. Steeti Morgan ghọrọ kọleji mbụ ma ọ bụ mahadum ojii nke American Institute of Planners nabatara ya.  Ọ tọrọ ntọala wee bụrụ onye isi nke Center for Built Environment Studies, mmemme interdisciplinary na ije, atụmatụ obodo, ihe owuwu ala, na ime obodo.
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations