Turtel Onli

**Turtel Onli** (amụrụ na Jenụwarị 25, 1952 na Chicago, Illinois ) bụ onye America na-ese ihe, onye ọchụnta ego, odee, onye na-agwọ ọrịa nka, onye nkuzi, na onye nkwusa.

Ọrụ ya emetụla ọzụzụ dịgasị iche iche na nka ọhụụ dị mma ma tinye ya n'ọrụ, na-emepụta ọrụ na eserese, eserese, ihe atụ, mbipụta, ejiji, na mmepụta multimedia. Onli dere ma gosipụta ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị na akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese, nke gụnyere *NOG*, Protector of the Pyramids, Malcolm 10, Nog Nu na Grammar Patrol .  A maara ya dị ka "Nna" nke "Black Age of Comics", otu a raara nye nkwalite, okike, na nkwado nke akwụkwọ ndị na-atọ ọchị nke Africa na akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese. Onli chepụtara okwu ahụ bụ "Rhythmism" iji kọwaa ma kọwaa ụdị ya, nke na-ejikọta echiche oge ochie na nke ọdịnihu. Onye nkuzi nka nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze, nke lara ezumike nká ugbu a, Onli rụrụ ọrụ na Chicago Public Schools ihe karịrị iri afọ abụọ.

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Agụmakwụkwọ
Onli gụsịrị akwụkwọ na School of the Art Institute of Chicago na Bachelor of Fine Arts. O mechara laghachi na Art Institute wee nweta Master of Arts na Art Therapy . Agụmakwụkwọ ya gụnyere ọmụmụ na Paris, France, na Sorbonne na Centre Georges Pompidou .

### Ọrụ
N'afọ 1970, Onli hiwere Black Arts Guild (BAG), nke gosipụtara ihe ngosi nka ma bipụta ọrụ ndị otu ya. N'afọ 1974, ya na BAG, bipụtara *Funk Book* na ọtụtụ kaadị ekele. N'afọ 1980, ya na Osun Center of the Arts bipụtara otu zine a na-akpọ *PAPER* . Ná mmalite afọ ndị 1980, o mepụtara mbipụta ise nke ihe nkiri mbụ ọzọ, *Future Funk* .

Ndị ahịa ihe atụ Onli gụnyere Playboy *Magazine*, Chicago Magazine, Avant Garde Magazine, *McDonald's*, Motown Productions, Holt, Rinehart & Winston, MODE magazine, na *Paris Métro* *magazine*. Ọrụ ya dị na nchịkọta nke Miles Davis, Alice Coltrane, Chicago Children's Museum (*The Rhythmistic Bench*), na Johnson Publishing Company. Onli abụwo onye na-ese ihe na Mahadum nke Illinois na Chicago.

N'afọ 2005, Onli haziri "Reverend Phillips and Turtel Onli: An Artistic and Spiritual Legacy", na Center for the Visual and Performing Arts na Munster, Indiana, ihe ngosi nke gosipụtara chaatị ọhụụ nke nna nna ya nwụrụ anwụ, Rev. Samuel David Phillips, na Onli's own Rhythmistic paintings.

N'afọ 2010, o mepere Onli Studios ọhụrụ na Bridgeport Arts Center na Chicago.

### Ihe nkiri na-atọ ọchị
N'ime ọrụ ya niile, Onli mepụtara udị agwa ndị na-abanye n'ime mmasi ebumpụta ụwa nke mmadụ maka ikwubiga okwu ókè, akụkọ ifo nke ike karịrị nke mmadụ na nke adịgboroja na nkà mmụta okpukpe. Ha na-anọchite anya nkwenye Onli na echiche nke ndị dị ike na-agbachitere ndị na-adịghị ike. Ọ na-eji "dike na onye ọjọọ" paradigm dị ka ụgbọala ya maka iru karịa ụkpụrụ "nghọta".

Àgwà Onli NOG, Nubian of Greatness, otu n'ime akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe nkiri mbụ Afrocentric, ka egosipụtara na Chicago Defender, malite na 1979, tupu ọ gbanwee gaa na akwụkwọ egwu NOG, Onye nchekwa nke Pyramides sitere na 1981-82. NOG laghachiri na NOG is Back!! na 1994 na *Nog* Nu!! na 2011.

#### Black Age nke Comics
N'afọ 1993, Onli duziri mgbakọ mmeghe nke Black Age of Comics na Southside Community Arts Center na Chicago, ebe emere ya afọ atọ n'usoro. Kemgbe ahụ, e meela Mgbakọ Black Age of Comics na Atlanta, Los Angeles, na Detroit; na ECBACC nke Philadelphia kwa afọ bụ nke a ma ama. Emere mgbakọ ndị ọzọ na nso nso a nke Black Age of Comics na Chicago's Bridgeport Arts Center na Kenwood Academy.

## Onye nkuzi
Site na 1984 ruo 1989 Onli rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agwọ ọrịa nka na ndị na-eto eto na Chicago's Robert Taylor Homes.

Onli rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi nka na Chicago Public Schools.

Onli akụziela na Columbia College Chicago, ma ugbu a ọ bụ prọfesọ na-ahụ maka Art Appreciation & Drawing na Harold Washington College.

Onli bụkwa Onye guzobere B.A.G na Black Arts Guild ebe ụdị “Rhythmistic” ya na ụzọ ya na-enye ụlọ ọrụ na-eche echiche n'ọdịnihu maka ndị na-eto eto na-eto eto na-ese ihe iji gbanwee n'ụdị dị iche iche.

## Nsọpụrụ na onyinye

* 2006: Glyph Comics Awards Pioneer Award - maka iweta ihe oyiyi dị mma, dị iche iche na ụwa nke akwụkwọ akụkọ na akwụkwọ ọchị

## Ọrụ

### Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ

* *NOG*: Protector of the Pyramides (nke e bipụtara n'onwe ya, 1981–1982)
* *Future Funk* (BAG, 1980s)
* *Malcolm 10* (onye bipụtara onwe ya, 1992)
* *Sustah-Girl* (Castel Publications, 1993) — ya na Cassandra Washington
* *Grammar Patrol* (Castel Publications, 1994) — ya na Cassandra Washington
* *Nog* is Back (nke e bipụtara n'onwe ya, 1994)
* The Origins of Team Blanga: Heroes of the Black Age (Onli Studios, 2007) — gụnyere ụda CD mbụ nke Hardy Headz
* *Ka anyị gaa Green* na obodo (Onli Studios, 2008)
* *Sasa* (Onli Studios, 2010)
* *Nog Nu*!! (Onli Studios, 2011)
* East / West Zodiac & Journal (Onli Studios) - ya na Kocao Winbush
* *Akụkọ ifo nke AZANIAC*

### Ihe ngosi

* 1977: Emume Ụwa nke Abụọ nke Black na African Art na Culture (FESTAC) (Lagos, Nigeria) - ihe ngosi otu
* 1991: Prairie Avenue Gallery (Chicago, Illinois) - "The Return of Watermelon: The Redefining of a Stereotype" - ihe ngosi otu
* 2001: The African American Cultural Center (Chicago)
* 2005: Center for the Visual and Performing Arts (Munster, Indiana) “Reverend Phillips and Turtel Onli: An Artistic and Spiritual Legacy”
* 2007: "Cool Globes: Hot Ideas for a Cooler Planet Chicago" group show — "*It'z A Rhythmsitic World*." *Ọ dịghị mgbe ọ na-agwụ ike!!!“ “”*
* 2011: Tubman African American Museum (Macon, Georgia) — "*Afro Futurism in the Visual Arts*" — ihe ngosi otu
* 2011: ETA Creative Arts Foundation (Chicago) — “Passion Fruit: The Other Chicago Black Movement” — solo exhibition
* 2013: DuSable Museum of African American History (Chicago) — "AFRICOBRA: Art and Impact" — group show
* 2015: Harold Washington Library Center (Chicago) - Rhythmistic Journey: The Art Enterprises of Turtel Onli
* 2020: Hyde Park Arts Center (Chicago) "*Rhythmistic Residency*" 

## Ebensidee

### Ihe edeturu

### Ebensidee ndị a tụlere

* *Chicago Sun-Times* (Apr. 17, 1981).
* Lacher, Irene. "Comics Open the Door to Minority Heroes," *Chicago Sun-Times* (28 Nov 1993), p. 18.
* *Wisconsin State Journal* (Jan. 31, 1994).
* Irvine, Martha. "Inye ike eserese nye ndị dike ojii: A ole na ole nke artists, ụfọdụ onwe-ebipụta onwe ha, cross agbụrụ-agbụrụ akara na comic akwụkwọ," *Associated Press* (07 Sept. 1999).
* Jennings, John na Duffy, Damian, ndị nlekọta. Ndị dike ndị ọzọ: African American Comic Book Characters and Archetypes (akwụkwọ ngosi nka), (Ndị dike ndị ọzọ, 2007).
* Onli, Turtel. "The Black Age of Comics 101: A Brief History by a Founder," *Chicago Art Magazine* (Oct 15, 2010).
* Richardson, Clem. "Super Heroic Fest Will Highlight African-American Comic Book Pioneers," *New York Daily News* (10 Jan 2013), p. 39.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
* Onli website
* "The Art of Turtel Onli," Onli's blog
* Onli profaịlụ, Lambiek Comiclopedia. Enwetara ya na May 20, 2013.
* Onli profaịlụ, PocketCon 2013 ukara website. Enwetara ya na May 20, 2013.
* Onli profaịlụ, ArtFacts.net
* Onli web page, African American Cultural Center na Mahadum nke Illinois na Chicago
* Cool Globes Public Art Exhibition
* The Black Age of Comics website
* “Rhythmistic Residency #1 HPAC July 22nd 2020”, Rhythmistic Residency Vimeo
* Hyde Park Arts Center Residency HPA.ORG official website. Enwetara na Julaị 2020.
* "Rhythmistic Residency #2 HPAC July 29th 2020", Rhythmistic Residency Vimeo
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations