open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Asụsụ Bokar

**Bokar** or **Bokar-Ramo** (; ) bụ asụsụ Tani nke ndị Lhoba na-asụ na mpaghara West Siang,Arunachal Pradesh, India (Megu 1990) na Nanyi Township 南伊珞巴民族乡, Mainling County, Tibet Autonomous Region, China (Ouyang 1985). 

A na-asụ asụsụ Ramo na Mechukha Subdivision na Monigong Circle (Badu 2004).

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* Nkwupụta nke /ɕ/ nwere ike ịdị iche n'etiti [ɕ] na [s] n'etiti olumba dị iche iche.
* Ụfọdụ ndị na-ekwu okwu nwekwara ike ịkpọpụta /tɕ/ dị ka [ts] mgbe ha na-ebute ụdaume ndị ọzọ karịa /i/.
* /h/ nwere ike ịghọta ma ọ bụ ụda [ɦ] ma ọ bụ [h], mgbe ọ na-esote /i/.
* A na-anụ nkwụsị /p t k/ dị ka ndị a na-ebipụtabeghị na ọnọdụ okwu-koda.
*  retroflex affricate /tʂ/ nwekwara ike ịpụta naanị site na okwu ndị a gbazitere na Tibet.

### Mkpụrụedemede

* /ɯ/ nwekwara ike ịnụ dị ka ihe dị n'etiti [ɨ].
* A na-anụ /o/ dị ka ihe na-emeghe ma na-eme ka imi dị n'ihu /ŋ/ dị ka [ɔ̃ŋ].

## Usoro ide ihe
 dere Bokar na edemede Latin na India na edemede Tibet na China.

## Edensibia

* Badu, Tapoli 2004. *Akwụkwọ nduzi asụsụ Ramo*. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Gọọmentị nke Arunachal Pradesh.
* Ọ bụ n'ebe ahụ ka e si nweta aha a na-akpọ Ouyang 1985. *Luobazu Yuyan Jianzhi (Bengni-Boga'eryu) * [Nkọwa dị mkpirikpi nke Asụsụ Mba Luoba (Asụsụ Bengni-Bokar) ]. Beijing: Minzu Chubanshe.
Sierra Puebla Nahuatl

**Sierra Puebla Nahuatl** bụ otu n'ime ụdị Nahuatl dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ, nke ndị agbụrụ Nahua na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Puebla steeti na Mexico.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Nkọwa na-esonụ bụ nke asụsụ Sierra Puebla:

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* /t, n, l/ nwekwara ike ịnụ n'efu dị ka ezé [t̪, n̪, l̪] n'etiti olumba.
* /n/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka [ŋ] mgbe ọ na-esote ụdaume velar.
* A kpaara ókè nkesa.

### Mkpụrụedemede

* Mkpụrụedemede dị mkpirikpi /i, e/ nwere ike ịdị iche na [ɪ, ɛ].
* /a/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka [ɔ] mgbe tupu /w/.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

*
Tehuacan-Zongolica Nahuatl

**Tehuacan-Zongolica** a.k.a. **Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Puebla** Nahuatl bụ ụdị Nahuatl dị iche iche nke ndị agbụrụ Nahua na-asụ na ndịda ọwụwarị Puebla steeti (Tehuacan) na ndịda Veracruz (Zongolica) na Mexico.

Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị Tehuacan-Zongolica dị iche iche.  Hasler (1996:164) na-achikota ọnọdụ,

: "Juan Hasler (1958:338) na-akọwa ọnụnọ na mpaghara nke [mgwakọta nke] ọdịdị ọwụwa anyanwụ na ọdịdị etiti dị ka ihe na-egosi na ọ bụ mpaghara Nahuatl nke ọwụwa Anyanwụ na superstratum nke etiti Nahuatl. Una Canger (1980:15-20) kewara mpaghara ahụ dị ka akụkụ nke mpaghara ọwụwa a, ebe Yolanda Lastra (1986:189-190) kewara ya dị ka akụkụ dị n'etiti". 

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Orizaba Nahuatl

**Orizaba Nahuatl** bụ asụsụ American a na-asụ na steeti Veracruz nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Mexico, nke kachasị n'ógbè ndịda obodo Orizaba.  makwaara ya dị ka Orizaba Aztec na Náhuatl de la Sierra de Zongolica . [1]  nwere pasentị 79 nke nghọta na Morelos Nahuatl.  nwere olumba a na-akpọ Ixhuatlancillo Nahuatl [1] nke a na-asụ n'obodo dị n'ebe ugwu Orizaba.  nwere otu ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị nke na-eji asụsụ a.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụedemede

### Mkpụrụ okwu

Ọkpụkpụ nke Orizaba Nahuatl (nlv) yiri nke Classical Nahuatl (nah), n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-egosipụta consonants nke ụdị oge a n'ụwa niile karịa na ndabere nke Castilian (Spanish) odide:

* "M ga-abanye n'ụlọ ya.

: "Nicalaquīz īcal". [nah]
: "Nikalakīs īkal".

Nke a dabara na ntụgharị ụda ụda karịa ka ọ ka na-eji macron akara ụdaume ogologo.  Ọtụtụ n'ime ha dabara na neologisms na okwu mbinye ego sitere na Spanish.↵ Ọmụmaatụ:

* "Ugbu a/N'oge a/Taa.

: "Āxcān".
: "Axan." [nlv]

(N'okwu a, ụdaume ogologo na ụdaume dị n'etiti furu efu.) 

Ụfọdụ okwu ndị e si na Spanish nweta:

: "Kahwen" (site na kọfị, kọfị; a na-ejikwa ya na Nahuatl oge ochie dị ka cafetzin).
: "Kawayoh" (site na ịnyịnya, ịnyịnya; a na-ejikwa ya na Nahuatl oge ochie dị ka cahuayoh).
: "Kochih" (site na Ụgbọala, ụgbọ ala).
: "Refreskoh" (site na refresco, ihe ọṅụṅụ na-atọ ụtọ ma ọ bụ soda).

## Ihe edeturu

## Njikọ mpụga
Asụsụ Nawuri

**Nawuri**  bụ Asụsụ Guang nke Ghana. Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe a na-aghọta na Kyode.

**Nke Nawuri** bụ akụkụ nke agbụrụ Guan Ghana.com/news/829311/chiefs-and-elders-petition-for-the-inclusion-of-kpandai-dist.htmlquot;},quot;access-datequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;2021-04-11quot;},quot;websitequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;Modern Ghanaquot;},quot;languagequot;:{quot;wtquot;:quot;enquot;}},quot;iquot;:0}}]}\" data-ve-no-generated-contents=\"true\" id=\"mwPQ\">nbsp;. ."}}" id="cite_ref-3" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref">[./Nawuri_language#cite_note-3 ] na Ghana ma dị na mpaghara abụọ: Northern na Oti nke Ghana. Ha bụ ụmụ amaala na mpaghara abụọ a nke Ghana:

* Na Northern Ghana, ha dị na Kpandai District 
* Na mpaghara Oti, ha dị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Osimiri Oti na-agafe site na Kpassa na Nkwanta North ruo Kitare Disane Nkwanta South ruo Njare na Krachi East, ya mere ala nna Nawuri.

Ndị Nawuri  n'ime obodo iri na abụọ gburugburu isi obodo Kpandai, na njedebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mpaghara Salaga; n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Volta / Osimiri Oti, ihe dị ka kilomita 70 n'ebe ugwu nke Kete Krachi.

Ọrụ ugbo bụ ọrụ ha bụ isi. Ndị nne na-ebibi akara agbụrụ n'ahụ ụmụ ha mgbe ha dị ọnwa isii; ndị okenye na-enye aha mgbe ha dị n'ọnwa isii ruo asatọ; a na-akpọkarị ụmụaka aha ndị nna ha na ndị nne ha. 

A na-eme emume mmalite maka ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị mgbe ha dị afọ iri na ise. Ha na-eyi uwe pụrụ iche ma na-ajụ ha ajụjụ iji nwalee ntozu okè ha.

Nkwenye ọdịnala pụtara na ọrịa ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị ịga onye na-akọ ọdịnihu iji chọpụta ma mmadụ akpasuola nna nna ya iwe. Ọ bụrụ otú ahụ, onye na-akọ ọdịnihu ga-amata nna nna ahụ metụtara ma nye iwu ka a chụọ àjà dị mkpa, nke a na-eme n'ili nna nna ahụ.

Ndị WEC Mission mere ka ndị mmadụ mara Iso Ụzọ Kraịst na 1944 ma ọtụtụ okpukpe na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a n'ógbè ahụ. Ndị Nawuri na-akwado Iso Ụzọ Kraịst. E nwere ndị Alakụba ole na ole n'ógbè ahụ n'oge a.

## Edensibia
ma dị na mpaghara abụọ: Northern na Oti nke Ghana. Ha bụ ụmụ amaala na mpaghara abụọ a nke Ghana:

## Njikọ mpụga

* ComparaLex, nchekwa data na ndepụta okwu Nawuri
* ELAR Archive nke akwụkwọ asụsụ NawuriIhe odide asụsụ Nawuri
Asụsụ Kanakanavu

**Kanakanavu** (nke a na-akpọkwa **Kanakanabu**) bụ asụsụ Southern Tsouic nke Ndị Kanakanavu, ndị obodo Taiwan na-asụ (lee ndị Taiwanese aborigines). Ọ bụ Asụsụ Formosan nke ezinụlọ Austronesian.

Ndị Kanakanavu bi n'obodo abụọ nke Manga na Takanua na Namasia District (nke bụbu Sanmin Township), Kaohsiung . 

Asụsụ ahụ na-anwụ anwụ, naanị ndị na-asụ ya bụ mmadụ anọ (nchịkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke afọ 2012). 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
E nwere ụdaume iri na anọ dị iche iche, nke nwere naanị ụda olu na-enweghị olu n'ime Kanakanavu. Nkọwa zuru oke nke ụdaume mmiri na-aghọ ihe ịma aka n'ime Kanakanavu. O nwekwara ụdaume 6 tinyere diphthongs na triphthongs. Ogologo ụdaume anaghị edoghị anya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị iche ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị, yana ndị ọkà okwu na-akpọ ụdaume ụdaume na ọdịiche. Dị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ Austronesian na Formosan, Kanakanavu nwere usoro mkpụrụedemede CV (ebe C = ụdaume, V = ụdaume).  bụ ole na ole, ọbụna okwu ndị dị mfe, nwere ihe na-erughị atọ ruo anọ.

### Mkpụrụ okwu

### Mkpụrụedemede

## Orthography
A na-edekarị Kanakanavu na mkpụrụedemede Latin. **M**">M">A **N**-**E** ihe ndị a eme ihe iji g**O** ụda n**<nowiki/>'S** ahụ: A, **C**, E, I, **K**, **L**, M, N, **Ng**, O, **P**, **R**, S, **T**, **U**, **V**, ' /**ʔ**.

**L** na-anọchite anya ụdaume /ɗ/ na / z/.

A na-asụpụta ya dị ka **hl**.

## Edensibia
nwekwara ụdaume 6 tinyere diphthongs na triphthongs. Ogologo ụdaume anaghị edoghị anya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị iche ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị, yana ndị ọkà okwu na-akpọ ụdaume 

## Njikọ mpụga
 

* www.kanakanavu.info - ebe nrụọrụ weebụ na-ahụ maka akwụkwọ asụsụ
* Yuánzhùmínzú yǔyán xiànshàng cídiǎn 原住民族語言線上詞典  (n'asụsụ Chinese)  - Kanakanavu search page at the "Aboriginal language online dictionary" website of the Indigenous Languages Research and Development Foundation
* Asụsụ Ndị Na-achọ Ịdị Nri
* Ihe nkuzi na ihe ndabere nke Kanakanavu nke Council of Indigenous Peoples of Taiwan bipụtara  (n'asụsụ Chinese)  
* Nsụgharị Kanakanavu nke President Tsai Ing-wen's 2016 mgbaghara nye ụmụ amaala - bipụtara na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke ụlọ ọrụ onye isi ala
Nkonya Ahenkro

**Nkonya Ahenkro** bụ obere obodo ma bụrụ isi obodo nke Ghana" id="mwEQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Districts of Ghana">distrikti" id="mwEA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Biakoye District">Mpaghara Biakoye, mpaghara dị na mpaghara Oti nke Ghana .  Aha a nwere ike isite na African Brazilian ma ọ bụ Haiti Brazilian n'ihi ịgba ohu

## Ọdịdị ala

### Ebe
Nkonya Ahenkro dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ site n'obodo Hohoe, na ndịda site n' obodo Dafor.o nwere obodo iri nke na-amalite na Asakyiri mgbe ị banyere n'obodo ahụ site na Kpando wee banye Ahondzo, Akloba, Owulibito, Ntsumru, kedjebi, Ntumda, Tayi, Tepo wee mechaa Wurupong.Asụsụ a na-asụ bụ [Nkonya] na ọrụ ugbo na ịchụ nta dị ka ọrụ ha bụ isi.

## Hụkwa

* Ógbè Biakoye
* Biakoye (mpaghara ndị omeiwu Ghana) 

## Edensibia
ndịda site n' obodo Dafor.o nwere obodo iri nke na-amalite

## Njikọ mpụga na isi mmalite

* Ógbè Biakoye na GhanaDistricts.com
Asụsụ Kati

**Asụsụ Kati** nwere ike izo aka na:

* Asụsụ Muyu, asụsụ Ok nke West Papua
* Asụsụ Kata-vari, nke ndị Kata na-asụ n'akụkụ Afghanistan na Pakistan

Kata na-asụ n'akụkụ Afghanistan na Pakista
Asụsụ Shipibo

**Shipibo** (nke a na-akpọkwa **Shipibo-Conibo**, Shipibo -Konibo) bụ asụsụ Panoan nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 26,000 na-asụ na Peru na Brazil. Shipibo bụ asụsụ a ma ama na Peru.

## Asụsụ
thumb|200x200px|Igbe Shipibo
Shipibo nwere asụsụ atọ a kwadoro:

* Shipibo na Konibo (Conibo), nke jikọtara
* [2] nke Osimiri Tapiche, [1] nke bụ ihe mgbe ochie

[3] na-eche na Xipináwa (Shipinawa) bụ asụsụ, mana enweghị data asụsụ.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụedemede
thumb|250x250px|Monophthongs nke Shipibo, site na Valenzuela, Márquez Pinedo & Maddieson (2001:282)

*  and  are lower than their cardinal counterparts (in addition to being more front in the latter case): , ,  is more front than cardinal : , whereas  is more close and more central  than cardinal .  The first three vowels tend to be somewhat more central in closed syllables, whereas  before coronal consonants (especially ) can be as central as .
* In connected speech, two adjacent vowels may be realized as a rising diphthong.

#### Ụgbọ imi

* [4]  bụ phonetically nasalized  mgbe ụdaume imi gasịrị, mana omume phonological nke allophones ndị a dị iche na ụdaume imi /ĩ, ː̃, õ. ã/ . [1]
* [6] na-ahụ ụdaume ọnụ na mkpụrụedemede ndị bu mkpụrụedemede ihu na ụdaume imi ụzọ dị ka ụdaume imi, mana ọ bụghị mgbe ụdaume ọzọ na-abụghị  na-etinye aka. [1]

#### Enweghị nrụgide

* [6] na-ehichapụkarị nke abụọ n'ime ụdaume abụọ a na-ejikọtaghị ya.
* Enwere ike iwepu ụd[6] ndị a na-ekwughị okwu ma ọ bụ ọbụna wepụ ha n'etiti ihe mgbochi abụọ na-enweghị olu.

## Edensibia
iwepu ụd[6] ndị a na-ekwughị okwu ma ọ bụ ọbụna wepụ ha n'etiti ihe mgbochi

## Akwụkwọ
 

## Njikọ mpụga
 

*  na EthnologueỌkà mmụta banyere agbụrụ
* Asụsụ Shipibo na Proel
* Shipibo-Conibo (Intercontinental Dictionary Series)
Asụsụ Lega

thumb|Onye na-asụ asụsụ Lega, nke a na-akpọkwa Kilega
Lega bụ Asụsụ Bantu, ma ọ bụ ụyọkọ asụsụ, nke Democratic Republic of the Congo. E nwere ụdị abụọ dị iche iche, **Shabunda Lega** na **Mwenga Lega**; Mwenga Lega, nke nwere ihe dị ka 10% nke ndị na-ekwu okwu, na-esiri Shabunda ike ịghọta. E kenyere *Kanu* koodu ISO dị iche mana ọ bụ olumba nke Shabunda, ọ bụghịkwa nke dị iche karịa olumba ndị ọzọ. 

Ụdị dị iche iche nke 'Lega' bụ *Rega, Leka, Ileka, Kilega, Kirega.* A makwaara Shabunda dị ka *Igonzabale*, na Mwenga dị ka *Shile* ma ọ bụ *Ishile*. A na-akọ na Gengele bụ onye Creole nke Shabunda.

Dị ka Ethnologue si kwuo, **Bembe** bụ akụkụ nke otu olumba ahụ. Nyindu bụ olumba nke Shi nke Lega nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụedemede

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* [ɟ] nwekwara ike ịnụ na usoro ụdaume /ɡj/ .
* /f/ nwere ike ịnụ site na okwu ndị a gbazitere.

## Edensibia
nwere ihe dị ka 10% nke ndị na-ekwu okwu, na-esiri Shabunda ike ịghọta. E kenyere Kanu koodu ISO dị iche mana ọ bụ olumba nke Shabunda, ọ
Asụsụ Homa

**Homa** bụ Asụsụ Bantu nke South Sudan nke na-ejighị n'aka. A gụnyere ya n'Asụsụ Boan.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Edensibia
ISO dị iche mana ọ bụ olumba nke Shabunda, ọ
Asụsụ Houma

**Houma** (Houma: uma) bụ asụsụ Western Muskogean nke ndị obodo Houma na-asụ na Central na Lower Mississippi Valley. Enweghị ndị -asụ asụsụ ugbu a; Otú ọ dị, mgbalị na-aga n'ihu iji weghachite asụsụ Houma n'aka ndị ya site n'otu ìgwè ndị Houma raara onwe ha nye na ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ, Houma Language Project . 

A na-eche na asụsụ Houma adaala na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19 n'ihi mmegide ndị Europe na America. N'afọ 1907, John R. Swanton gbara otu agadi nwanyị Houma ajụjụ ọnụ iji chịkọta okwu sitere n'asụsụ Houma. N'ihi Mgbanwe asụsụ nke malitere n'oge ndị France na-achị na azụmaahịa na Louisiana, ọtụtụ ndị Houma taa na-asụ Louisiana French, ebe a na-ejikwa Bekee America eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe. 'ihi ọha mmadụ ha dị iche iche na ala dịpụrụ adịpụ, a na-eche na ihe ruru mmadụ 3,000 bụ ndị agadi bi n'ala agbụrụ Houma na Lafourche Basin bụ ndị na-asụ otu asụsụ French. 'oge na-adịbeghị anya, e meela mgbalị iji chịkọta okwu na ụtọ asụsụ site n'aka ndị okenye iji mee ka asụsụ ahụ dịghachi ndụ.

## Nchịkọta
Dabere na ndepụta Swanton chịkọtara nke okwu iri asaa na ise na ahịrịokwu atọ, ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ ekwuola na ndị Houma na-asụ asụsụ Western Muskogean (dị ka Choctaw ma ọ bụ Chickasaw). 

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu nke oge a
Houma Language Project na-eweghachi ndepụta foneme ndị a:  

### Mkpụrụedemede

### Mkpụrụ okwu

## Edensibia
Swanton chịkọtara nke okwu iri asaa na ise na ahịrịokwu atọ, ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ ekwuola na ndị Houma na-asụ asụsụ Western Muskogean

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* Brown, Cecil H.; & Hardy, Heather K. (2000). Gịnị bụ Houma?. *International Journal of American Linguistics*, *66* (4), 521-548.
* Goddard, Ives. (2005). "Asụsụ ụmụ amaala nke Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ", Anthropological Linguistics, *47* (1), 1-60.
Asụsụ Gula (Chad)

**Gula** (Sara Gula) bụ Asụsụ Bongo-Bagirmi nke Chad.

## Edensibia
bụ  ọ chọghịkwa ka a kpọọ ha Gulay
Asụsụ Gulf

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ Calusa-Tunica

## Edensibia
ahịrịokwu na okwu ọ bụla nke ndị ọkà mmụta ọdịdị ala mbụ dere, yana ọtụtụ aha ebe na ụfọdụ okwu Guanche ndị
Asụsụ Duri

**Duri** bụ Asụsụ Austronesian nke Sulawesi, Indonesia .  Ọ bụ ụdị dị iche iche nke asụsụ Massenrempulu.

N'afọ 2010, mmadụ 123,000 na-asụ asụsụ a. Ethnologue depụtara  dị ka asụsụ 'na-eyi egwu'.

## Edensibia
asụ asụsụ a. Ethnologue depụtara  dị ka asụsụ
Asụsụ Dubli

**Dubli** bụ Asụsụ Bhil nke Gujarat na steeti ndị gbara ya gburugburu. Ọkara ndị agbụrụ Dubla na-asụ Gujarati kama asụsụ nna ha.

## Edensibia
Ọkara ndị agbụrụ Dubla na-asụ Gujarati kama asụsụ nna ha.
Asụsụ Ngadha

**Ngadha** (   [ŋaa], nke a na-asụbu **Ngaʼda**) bụ Asụsụ Austronesian, otu n'ime asụsụ isii a na-ekwu n'etiti agwaetiti Flores Ndị Indonesia.  Site n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ asụsụ ndị a bụ Ngadha, Nage, Keo, Ende, Lio, na Palu'e.  ndị a mejupụtara otu Central Flores nke Asụsụ Sumba-Flores, dị ka Blust si kwuo (2009). [1]

Ngadha bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ole na ole nwere retroflex implosive / .

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Usoro ụda nke Ngadha  ka ndị a:

### Mkpụrụedemede

A na-ede ụdaume dị mkpirikpi /ə̆/   na-esochi consonant okpukpu abụọ, ebe ọ bụ na n'ụda ụda, consonant na-aghọ geminate mgbe /ə̆/. Ọ dịghị mgbe na-adịghị etolite usoro na ụdaume ndị ọzọ ma e wezụga ebe glottal nkwụsị ada ada (eg limaessa 'six', si lima 'ise' na 'essa' otu').

N'ime usoro ụdaume, epenthetic  nwere ike ịpụta mgbe ụdaume a na-agbaghị agba (dịka na , ) na  mgbe ụdaume gbara agba (dị ka na , ). Mkpụrụedemede abụọ bụ usoro. Vowels na-abụkarị ndị na-enweghị olu n'etiti ụdaume na-enweghị ụdaume na pre-pausa mgbe ụdaume na'enweghị ụdaume gasịrị. 

Mmetụta dị na nkeji okwu nke abụọ, ọ gwụla ma nke ahụ nwere ụdaume , n'ọnọdụ ahụ, nrụgide dị na nkejiokwu ikpeazụ.

### Mkpụrụ okwu

A na-asụpụta ihe ndị na-apụtaghị ìhè na nke a na-akpọ "Sá" na "Sá". A na-asụpụta fricatives velar, ghī.

N'ụzọ intervocalic, a na-ebute okwu ndị na-adịghị mma site na nkwụsị glottal. Mbido  nwere ike ịbụ nke na-enweghị olu mgbe ụdaume na-esonụ bụkwa nke na-agbawa agbawa. 

Trill dị mkpụmkpụ, ma nwee ike ịnwe naanị otu ma ọ bụ abụọ kọntaktị. 

Nkwụsị nke akpịrị dị iche  efu na ọnọdụ mbụ, dịka na inu 'ịṅụ' vs 'inu 'obere'. N'okwu ngwa ngwa ọ na-adaba n'etiti ụdaolu. 

A na-enyocha okwu  dị ka ndị nwere schwa mbụ. N'ọnọdụ mbido, a na-ekwupụta ụdaume ahụ mgbe niile (ma ọ bụghị ya, schwa ka dị). Ihe atụ bụ emma  'nna',   'mmpu',   'ájá',  [ŋŋa] (aha),   'swadling sling',  [bbu] 'ndị nne na nna ochie',   (aha, error  'anyanwụ' - dịkwa n'ọnọdụ dị n'etiti na ụdaume na-enweghị olu, dịka na   'six'.

## Edensibia
na nkeji okwu nke abụọ, ọ gwụla ma nke ahụ nwere ụdaume /ə̆/, n'ọnọdụ ahụ, nrụgide dị na nkejiokwu ikpeazụ.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ngadha Basic Vocabulary Database, Mahadum nke Auckland
Asụsụ Gulay

**Gulay** (Gulai, Gulei) bụ Asụsụ Bongo-Bagirmi nke Chad. Otu ụzọ n'ụzọ asatọ nke ndị na-ekwu okwu bụ Pen (Peni), ọ chọghịkwa ka a kpọọ ha Gulay.

## Usoro ide ihe

## Edensibia
bụ Pen (Peni), ọ chọghịkwa ka a kpọọ ha Gulay

* Roger Blench

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ọrụ Asụsụ Sara-Bagirmi - Gulay
Asụsụ Dumi

**Dumi** bụ Asụsụ Kiranti a na-asụ n'ógbè dị gburugburu osimiri Tap na Rava na njikọ ha n'ebe ugwu Khotang, Nepal. A na-asụ ya n'obodo nta ndị dị ka Makpa, Kharbari, Baksila, Sapteshwor, na Kharmi.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

ndị a bụ Kharbari, Lamdija, na Makpa, ebe Makpa bụ asụsụ kachasị dị iche iche.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

## Hụkwa

* Jalapa, Nepal

## Edensibia
ka Makpa, Kharbari, Baksila, Sapteshw

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ọrụ Asụsụ Himalayan
Asụsụ Waurá

**Waurá** (Wauja) bụ Asụsụ Arawak nke ndị Waujá na-asụ na Xingu Indigenous Park nke Brazil. Ọ bụ "nke a na-nghọta nke ọma" na Mehináku. Ndị niile  ebe ahụ na-asụ asụsụ ahụ.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* A glottal stop [ʔ] na-apụta phonetically n'ihu ụdaume na ọnọdụ mmalite okwu, ma ọ bụ mgbe ụdaume na ọkwa ikpeazụ okwu.
* /p/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka aspirated [ph] ma ọ bụ voiced [b] na free variation.
* Kwụsị ụda /t, k/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka aspirated [th, kh] na free variation.
* A pụkwara ịnụ /w/ dị ka [β] n'efu, ma e wezụga mgbe tupu /u/.
* /s/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka ụdaume [z] mgbe ọ dị n'etiti ụdaume, ma ọ bụ mgbe ụdaume mbụ gasịrị.
* Enwere ike ịnụ ụdaolu [ʂ] mgbe ọ dị n'etiti ụdaume, ma ọ bụ mgbe ụdaume mbụ gasịrị.
* /j/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka ọnụ ọnụ [ɲ] mgbe ọ na-apụta n'ihu ụdaume imi /ã, ẽ, ũ/.

* A pụkwara ịnụ ụda /i, u, ɨ, a/ n'ụdị dị mfe dị ka [ɪ, ʊ, ə, ɐ].
*  na-anụ ụda /e, eː, ẽ/ dị ka nso-etiti [e, e: ẽ] ma ọ bụ mepere emepe [ɛ, ɛː, ɛ̃] n'efu.

## Edensibia
Xingu Indigenous Park nke Brazil. Ọ bụ "nke a na-
Asụsụ Njebi

.
thumb|Map nke Gabon, na mpaghara asụsụ Njebi na-acha ntụ ntụ
**Njebi** (ma ọ bụ Nzebi, Njabi, Ndzabi, Yinjebi, wdg) bụ Asụsụ Bantu a na-asụ na Gabon na Republic of Congo.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* A na-anụ /z/ dị ka [ʒ] mgbe tupu /i/.
* /ɡ/ nwere ike ịkpọpụta dị ka [ɣ] ma ọ bụ [x] na ọdịiche n'efu.
* /b/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka implosive [ɓ] na nnwere onwe dị iche iche na ọnọdụ mbụ.

### Mkpụrụedemede

A pụkwara ịnụ ụdaume dị ka ụdaume n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche.

## Ihe Nlereanya
Onye -agụ egwu na Gabon bụ SeBa na-ede ma na-abụ abụ ya n'asụsụ Njebi.

## Edensibia
ike ịnụ dị ka implosive [ɓ] na nnwere onwe dị iche iche na ọnọdụ mbụ
Ịbụ asụsụ

**Be Be**( okwu ala: [ʔɑŋī]), nke a makwaara dị ka **Ong Be**, Bê, ma ọ bụ *Vo Limgao* (Mandarin: 临高话 *Lín'gāohuà*), bụ asụsụ abụọ ndị mmadụ 600,000 na-asụ, 100,000 n'ime ha na-asụsụ, n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke etiti Hainan Island, gụnyere mpaghara ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ nke isi obodo Haikou. A na-agụ ndị na-ekwu okwu dị ka akụkụ nke mba Han China na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ.  ka Ethnologue si kwuo, a na-akụzi ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị.

## Aha
Ndị [6]-asụ ya na-akpọ onwe ha **', ebe ʔaŋ 33 bụ prefix maka ndị mmadụ na **' pụtara 'obodo'. [1] Liang (1997) na-ekwu na ọ dị ka aha na-achị onwe ya: ŋaːu11fɔːn11 (site na ŋaːu11. 'onye' na ** 'obodo'), nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ Gelong São隆 (Asụsụ Cun) na-ezo aka na onwe ha.

## Nchịkọta
Asụsụ Be bụ ụzọ abụọ nke asụsụ Kra-Dai, mana ezigbo mmekọrịta ya na alaka ndị ọzọ n'ime ezinụlọ Kra-Dai. ekpebibeghị nke ọma. Hansell (1988) lere Bụrụ ịbụ nwanne ngalaba Tai dabere n'okwu ọnụ, wee tụpụta mkpokọta Be-Tai.

XbgDabere  ihe akaebe aha ebe site na aha ebe nwere prefix dya- (调 diao), Jinfang Li na-ewere na Be sitere na mpaghara Leizhou nke Guangdong. Liang (1997:16) na-ewere Be dị ka onye si na Leizhou Peninsula nke Guangdong kwagara Hainan ihe dị ka afọ 2,500 gara aga n'Oge Agha Steeti, mana ọ bụghị ihe karịrị afọ 3,000 gara aga. Liang & Zhang (1996:21-25)  kwekwaara na Be si na Leizhou Peninsula kwaga n'ebe ugwu Hainan ihe dị ka afọ 2,500 gara aga n'oge Warring States.

Weera Ostapirat (1998),  na-enyocha data sitere na Zhang (1992),  na-ekwu na Be na Jizhao_language" id="mwUQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jizhao language">Jizhao nwere ọtụtụ ihe yiri okwu na nkwekọrịta ụda, nakwa na Jizhao nwekwara ike ịbụ asụsụ fọdụrụ na Be na ala China.

## Asụsụ
[11] nwere asụsụ Lincheng 临城 (Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ) na Qiongshan (Ebe Owụwa Anyanwụ). [1] Liang (1997:32) dere ụdị Be ndị a.

* Lingao County (gụnyere Lincheng 临城镇 na obodo Xinying 新城镇) 
* Bailian 白莲, Chengmai CountyÓgbè Chengmai
* Obodo Longtang Obodo, Ógbè Qiongshan

[11] nke Chengmai dị n'etiti asụsụ Lincheng na Qiongshan, ma nwee atụmatụ nke abụọ ahụ.

Chen (2018) nwere data okwu zuru oke maka asụsụ Be nke Changliu (長流), Yongxing (永興), Longtang (龍ń), Qiaotou (橋頭), Huangtong (皇ń), na Xinying (新ń). Asụsụ Qiaotou, Huangtong, na Xinying enweghị ike ịghọta ya na asụsụ Changliu, Yongxing, Longtang, na Shishan (石山). Chen (2018) na-eweghachi Proto-Ong-Be na ndabere nke data okwu a.

### Nchịkọta
Chen (2018: 82) kewara olumba Ong-Be n'ime ìgwè abụọ, nke na-enweghị nghọta.
 

## Hụkwa

*  (Wiktionary) 

## Edensibia
kwekwaara na Be si na Leizhou Peninsula kwaga n'ebe ugwu Hainan ihe dị ka afọ 2,500 gara aga n'oge Warring States.

## Ọrụ ndị e depụtara
 

* Zhang, Yuansheng 張元生. 1985. *Hainan Lingaohua* 海南临高话. Nanning: Guangxi People's Publishing House na-ebipụta akwụkwọ na-ebipụ akwụkwọ na-akpọ广西民族.

## Njikọ mpụga

* ABVD: Ong Be ndepụta okwu
* Ong Be-asụsụ Swadesh ndepụta okwu ndị bụ isi (site na Wiktionary's Swadesh-list appendix)
Asụsụ Dama (Sierra Leone)

Dama bụ asụsụ na-adịghịzi adị nke Sierra Leone. Mende nọchiri ya. Dabere na okwu ole na ole a na-echeta na aha obodo, Dalby (1963) kwenyere na ọ bụ asụsụ Northern Mande, yiri Kono na Vai, mana *Glottolog* hapụrụ ya na-enweghị aha.

## Edensibia
na aha obodo, Dalby (1963) kwenyere na
Asụsụ Pwaamei

**Pwaamei** (Poamei) bụ Asụsụ Kanak nke New Caledonia, na obodo Voh .

## Edensibia
nde mmadụ ndị ọzọ na-asụrụ asụsụ nke abụọ. Enwere
Asụsụ Kutubuan

**Asụsụ Kutubuan** bụ obere ezinụlọ nke ezinụlọ asụsụ ndị agbata obi na Papua New Guinea. A na-akpọ ha aha Lake Kutubu na Papua New Guinea.

## Asụsụ
E nweela arụmụka ụfọdụ ma ha na ibe ha dị nso karịa asụsụ ndị ọzọ, mana Usher gụnyere ha abụọ na alaka Kikorian nke na-anwa ime ihe na Papuan Gulf.N'ime alaka abụọ ahụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ lexicostatistical bụ 60-70%. N'etiti alaka abụọ ahụ, ha bụ 10-20%.

* Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Kutubuan
** Onye iro, Fiwaga
* Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ Kutubuan
** Fasu, Ụfọdụ, Namumi

## Asụsụ Mbụ
Ụfọdụ n'ime nkọwapụta okwu site na Usher (2020) bụ: 

## Ọdịdị
Ntuziaka Kutubu nke proto-Trans-New Guinea (pTNG) bụ: 

Asụsụ Foi:

*  ‘carry on back’ < *
*  ‘die’ < *
*  ‘eat’ < *
*  ‘leg’ < *
*  ‘neck’ < *
*  ‘tree’ < *
*  ‘wind’ < *
*  ‘bird’ < *
*  ‘mother’s sister’ < * ‘older same sex sibling’

Asụsụ Fasu:

*  ‘die’ < *
*  ‘eat’ < *
*  ‘stand’ < 
*  ‘mother’ < *
*  ‘father’ < *
*  ‘heart, stomach’ < *
*  ‘hair’ < *
*  ‘leg’ < *
*  ‘shoulder’ < *
*  ‘skin’ < *
*  ‘hand’ < *
*  ‘urine’ < *
*  ‘make the law’ < * ‘instructions’
*  ‘long’ < *
*  ‘husband’ < *
*  ‘mother’s sister’ < * ‘older same sex sibling’
*  ‘tree’ < *
*  ‘sand’ < *
*  ‘wind’ < *

## Edensibia
ọzọ, mana Usher gụnyere ha abụọ na alaka Kikorian nke na-anwa ime ihe na Papuan Gulf.N'ime alaka abụọ ahụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ

## Njikọ mpụga

* Timothy Usher, New Guinea World, Proto-Lake KutubuỌdọ Mmiri Kutubu
Asụsụ Beti

**Beti bụ otu asụsụ Bantu, nke ndị Beti-Pahuin bi n'oké ọhịa na-asụ. mpaghara nke Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, na São Tomé na Principe. Ụdị dị iche iche, bụ ndị a na-aghọta nke ọma ma na-atụle olumba dị iche iche ma ọ bụ asụsụ nwere njikọ chiri anya,  bụ:**

: Ewondo (Yaunde) 
: Fang
: Bulu
: Eton
: Bebele
: Ihe ọṅụṅụ
: Mengisa

Beti nwere koodu ISO -3, mana ọ lara ezumike nká na 2010 n'ihi na ụdị Beti enweela koodu nke ha.

## Edensibia
Ụdị dị iche iche, bụ ndị a na-aghọta nke ọma ma na-
Asụsụ Lutos

Lutos (Ruto) bụ Asụsụ Central Sudan nke CAR na Chad. Asụsụ abụọ  iche iche bụ Lutos/Ruto n'onwe ya na Nduka.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

* /s/ nwere ike ịnụ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka [ʃ] mkpụrụedemede-n'ikpeazụ.

Tụkwasị na nke a, e nwere diphthong /ua/. A pụghị ime ka ọ dị ogologo ma ọ bụ mee ka ọ dị n'imi.

nwere ụda atọ: elu, etiti, ala.

## Edensibia
nwere diphthong /ua/. A pụghị ime ka ọ dị ogologo ma ọ
Asụsụ Kwinti

[2]**Kwinti** bụ onye Creole nke Suriname nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na Ndyuka . [1] [4] ahụ nwere ihe [3]-erughị ndị na-asụ ya 300, [1] ma kewaa na Plantation Creole nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Sranan Tongo n'etiti narị afọ nke 18. [2] [5]Mgbanwe koodu na Sranan Tongo na Dutch bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'etiti ọgbọ na-eto eto na 1973,  na ihe dị ka 70% nke agbụrụ ahụ akwagala n'obodo ukwu. UNESCO -ewere asụsụ ahụ dị ka ihe na-eyi egwu.

N'afọ ndị 1970, Jan English-Lueck chịkọtara okwu 500. N'adịghị ka asụsụ Ndyuka, a na-asụ mkpụ**'r**' r n'ụzọ yiri nke Sranan Tongo na Dutch, ọ bụ ezie na a chọpụtala ndị na-asụrụ ya na-enweghị r mgbe e mesịrị. Ihe [8] ka ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ anọ nke okwu ndị ahụ bụ ndị metụtara Sranan Tongo, ole na ole (ihe dị ka 3%) bụ ndị metụtara Matawai, ihe dị ka 17% anaghị ahụ na Creole ndị ọzọ ma bụrụ ndị sitere na Dutch. Enwere ike ịkọwa ọdịiche ahụ site [9] agụmakwụkwọ, n'ihi na dị ka nnyocha 2011 si kwuo, ndị bi na Witagron nwere ezi iwu nke Dutch na Sranan Tongo.

## Edensibia

ka ụzọ atọ n'ụzọ anọ nke okwu ndị ahụ bụ ndị

## Akwụkwọ

*  
* 
* 
*
Asụsụ Monde

**Asụsụ Monde** nke Brazil mejupụtara alaka nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Tupian.

Cinta Larga bụ ụyọkọ olumba nke otu puku na-asụ ndị mmadụ Asụsụ ndị ọzọ bụ Mondé, Aruáshi, Suruí, Zoro, na Gavião do Jiparaná.

## Nchịkọta
Nchịkọta dị n'ime asụsụ Mondé dị ka Moore si kwuo (2005): 
 
Enweghị aha: Arara do Guariba

## Ụdị dị iche iche
'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta nke ụdị asụsụ Mondé nke Loukotka depụtara (1968), gụnyere aha nke ụdị ndị a na-amaghị.

* Mondé - **Ụwa** na-asụ ya na Osimiri Ouro, nke na-esite na Osimiri Pimenta Bueno, Rondonia.
* **Sanamaica** / **Salamay** - a na-asụ n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke Osimiri Pimenta Bueno.
* **Aruá** - a na-asụ ya na Osimiri Branco dị nso na São Luís, Rondônia.
* **Digut** - a na-asụ ya n'akụkụ aka ekpe nke Osimiri Machado.
* **Aruáshi** - nke ndị agbata obi agbụrụ Tupari na-asụ na isi iyi nke Osimiri Branco.

**Kabanae** (nke "mba Arara" na-asụ dị ka Johann Natterer si kwuo) na **Matanau**, bụ asụsụ Monde abụọ a na-asụrụ n'ọnụ Osimiri Aripuanã. Johann Natterer chịkọtara ndepụta okwu nke Kabanae na Matanau na 1829 n'oge njem ya n'ime Osimiri Madeira (Jolkesky 2016: 640-641). 

Jolkesky (2016) hụkwara ihe ụfọdụ yiri n'etiti Arara do Rio Branco na asụsụ Monde; Otú ọ dị, Arara do Rio Branco ka na-enweghị aha.

## Edensibia
okwu nke Kabanae na Matanau na 1829 n'oge njem ya
Asụsụ Phupha

**Phupha**, ma ọ bụ Downriver Phula, bụ ụyọkọ Asụsụ Loloish nke Ndị Phula nke China na-asụ. E nwere ụdị anọ dị iche iche, nke a pụrụ iwere dị ka asụsụ dị iche iche:

* **Phupha**, **Alugu** (Alugu Phupha) 
* **Phupa**, **Phuza**

Ojiji na-ebelata ma e wezụga Alugu, nke a na-akụzi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị.

Asụsụ na-anọchite anya Phuza a mụrụ na Pelkey (2011)  bụ nke Bujibai, Lengquan Township, Mengzi County.

## Edensibia
Phuza a mụrụ na Pelkey (2011) bụ nke Bujibai

## Ọrụ ndị e depụtara
Asụsụ Akuku

**Akuku** bụ Asụsụ Edoid nke Naịjirịa.

## Edensibia
mmadụ ndị ọzọ na-asụrụ asụsụ nke abụọ. Enwere
Asụsụ Sadanic

**Asụsụ Sadanic** bụ Asụsụ Bihari n'Asụsụ Indo-Aryan. A na-asụkarị asụsụ ndị a na steeti Jharkhand nke India. 
## Okwu mmalite
A maara Asụsụ Nagpuri dị ka Sadan dị ka asụsụ ala nke Sadan, otu asụsụ Indo-Aryan nke Chotanagpur. Sadani kwukwara maka asụsụ Indo-Aryan ndị yiri ya nke Jharkhand dịka Nagpuri, Panchpargania, Kurmali na Khortha.  nke okwu Sadan ihe a na-amaghị ama.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Asụsụ Indo Aryan nke Jharkhand dị ka Nagpuri, Panchpargania, Kurmali, Khortha bụ ndị a maara dị ka asụsụ Sadani. Onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ n'oge gara aga kewara asụsụ ndị a dị ka olumba nke asụsụ Bhojpuri na Magahi. Mana nchọpụta ndị e mere n'oge na-adịbeghị anya na-egosi na asụsụ ndị a sitere n'otu asụsụ oge ochie n'oge gara aga ma na-adị nso karịa asụsụ ọ bụla ọzọ. Ọdịiche bụ n'ihi nkesa ala ha na mmekọrịta ha na asụsụ agbụrụ Munda dị iche iche.

Dị ka ndị ọkà mmụta si kwuo, asụsụ Sadri / Nagpuri na Asụsụ Mundari na-emekọrịta ihe. N'ihi ojiji a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe dị ka asụsụ, ọ tụfuru ergativity dịka asụsụ Munda enweghị ergativity. Ọ nwetara ihe onwunwe n'etiti onye a na-apụghị ịnapụ mmadụ na onye a na'apụghị ịpịnye onye nke atọ. O nweghị okwu mgbazinye site na asụsụ Dravidian na Austroasiatic mana o nyere ọtụtụ okwu mgbazinye n'asụsụ ya. Dị ka Abbi (1997) si kwuo, asụsụ Indo-Aryan metụtara asụsụ Dravidian na Austroasiatic.  ngosi nke Kharia (-ke, -kon) na Kurukh (-ki) bụ n'ihi mmetụta sitere na asụsụ Indo-Aryan.

Panchparganiya enweghị ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke okwu mgbazinye.  na-ejigide ergativity ọdịdị ya ma ọ bụghị mepụtara ọdịiche a na-apụghị iwepụ ma ọ bụ nke a na-enweghị ike iwepụ na ihe onwunwe.

## Edensibia
ergativity. Ọ nwetara ihe onwunwe n'etiti onye a na-apụghị ịnapụ mmadụ na onye a na'apụghị

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

*
Asụsụ Ngiri

**Ngiri** bụ Asụsụ Bantu nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na Lingala.

(2009) depụtara C311 Mabaale (Mabale), C312 Ndoobo (Ndobo), C313 Litoka, C314 Balobo, na C315 Enga (Baenga-Bolombo) dị ka asụsụ dị iche iche.

## Edensibia
ndị ọzọ na-asụrụ asụsụ nke abụọ. Enwere
Asụsụ Ọhụrụ

Kresh, nke a makwaara dị ka **Gbaya**, bụ Asụsụ Central Sudan nke South Sudan.

Naomi Baki, onye na-asụ asụsụ Kresh nke ghọrọ nwa amaala France na 2015, ewepụtala akụkọ ndụ onwe ya na 2013 ebe ọ kọwara gburugburu ebe obibi Kresh Gbaya ya na Raga County.

## Asụsụ
Ụdị Kresh nwere nghọta dịgasị iche iche, ebe Dongo kachasị n'ebe ugwu bụ nke kachasị dị iche na Woro kachasị n'akụkụ ndịda bụ nke na-esote, ọ bụ ezie na ha na Kresh ziri ezi na-aghọta ibe ha. 'Kresh' bụ ihe ndị agbata obi ha na-akpọ ndị mmadụ; ha na- ịkpọ onwe ha *Gbaya*, aha a na-amaghị ama na Bekee, nke ha na ọtụtụ Asụsụ Gbaya ndị na-enweghị njikọ.

* Ndogo (Gbaya) 
* Naka (Boro, Kpara) 
* Kresh-Hofra (Gbaya-Ngbongbo) 
* Woro (Orlo) 

Ndogo bụ olumba a ma ama, Naka bụ nke ndị mmadụ kacha biri.

## Ebe ndị a na-anọ
Nnyocha 2013 kọrọ  agbụrụ Kresh bi na Dar Seid Bandas na Kata Bomas, Ringi Payam, Raja County, South Sudan.

## Edensibia
na-esote, ọ bụ ezie na ha na Kresh ziri ezi na-aghọta ibe

* Blench (2000 ms)
Asụsụ Buna

**Buna** bụ Asụsụ Torricelli nke Marienberg Rural LLG, East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea.

E nwere asụsụ abụọ dị iche iche.  A na-asụ otu olumba na Kasmin ( 144°03′37′′E / 4.018975°S 144.060235°E / -4.018975; 144.09023′′E / 143.826S) (3460′05′′E326), (3460°S) / 146.0243S726; (3460S) (346°S) (34.024316930°S) na 146.0303168S) (33168168S""E) (34168169°S) 

## Ọdịdị
Buna nwere ụdị aha anọ. A na-egosi akara nkwekọrịta aha na Buna n'ihe atụ ndị a. 

; Klas 1

; Klas nke 2

; Klas nke 3

; Klas nke 4

## Edensibia
si kwuo (2003),  ha na-emepụta eriri dị mma.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Paradisec nwere nchịkọta nke ihe Arthur Capell nke gụnyere Boiken (AC2) yana ndekọ nke Bill Foley (WF3) na akwụkwọ mpịakọta sitere na ọrụ Don Laycock (DL2). Nchịkọta ndị a niile bụ ohere mepere emepe.
Asụsụ Tongwe

**Tongwe** (*Sitongwe*) na Bende (*Sibende*) mejupụtara otu ìgwè Asụsụ Bantu nke a na-akpọ Zone F.10 na nhazi Guthrie. Dị ka Nurse & Philippson si kwuo (2003),  ha na-emepụta eriri dị mma. N'ezie, na 90% nke yiri okwu ha nwere ike ịbụ olumba nke otu asụsụ.

## Edensibia
si kwuo (2003),  ha na-emepụta eriri dị mma.
Asụsụ Bunu (Nigeria)

**Bunu** ma ọ bụ **Ribina** (Rebina, Rubunu) bụ Asụsụ East Kainji  nke Toro LGA, Bauchi State, Nigeria nke so na ụyọkọ Shammo.

## Obodo nta
A na-asụ ya n'obodo nta ndị dị na: 

* Rinjin Gani
* Ribina
* Pingana

## Ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ
Atụmatụ ndị ọkà okwu gụnyere: 

* 2,000 ọkà okwu na 1971
* 4,000 ndị ọkà okwu na 2004

## Edensibia
nke Toro LGA, Bauchi State, Nigeria nke so
Asụsụ Adara

**Adara** (nakwa **Eda**Roger Blench (5 July 2009).  na *Kadara*), bụ asụsụ ndị Adara steeti Kaduna na Niger steeti na-asụ. A na-ejikwa aha Adara na-akpọ ndị agbụrụ.

Ụfọdụ atụmatụ na-etinye ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Adara na ihe dị ka 500,000. Ihe  ka 80% nke ndị Adara bụ Ndị Kraịst ebe ụfọdụ na-agbaso Islam.

## Nbudata
A na-asụ Adara karịsịa na Kachia na Kajuru Local Government Areas yana akụkụ nke Chikun na Kagarko nke Kaduna steeti. Na Paikoro na Munya mpaghara gọọmentị nke Niger Steeti na mpaghara Middle Belt nke Nigeria. Hon, Luther; Ajaegbu, Grace; Magnusson, Carol; Nweke, Uche S.; Yoder, Zachariah (27 April 2012). 

Nkwupụta N'AHA: Maazị Williams Dogo, Central Bank of Nigeria, Stephen Manya, onye bụbu Kọmishọna INEC, Abraham Alabura Katoh PDP Odeakwụkwọ mgbasa ozi nke Kaduna steeti, Pharm Patrick Maigara maka Kọmishọna ahụike Kaduna steet, Dr Everton Peter Yari onye bụbu kọmishọna ahụ ike, Maazị Tom Maiyashi, Dr. Maiwada Raphael Galadima, Agom Adara III, Sani Magaji, onye bụzi, onye bụkwa Kọmishọna ndị uwe ojii Ondo steeti. 

## Asụsụ
 Adara gụnyere Asụsụ Adar, Eneje, Ada, Ekhwa, na Ajiya.: 1 

Blench (2019) depụtara Eda, Edra, na Enezhe dị ka olumba. 

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

### Mkpụrụedemede

## Edensibia
steeti, Pharm Patrick Maigara maka Kọmishọna ahụike Kaduna steet, Dr Everton Peter Yari onye bụbu kọmishọna

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* *[https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/75103 Nnyocha Sociolinguistic nke Adara nke Kaduna na Niger States, Nigeria]*

## Njikọ mpụga

* Gee ihe atụ nke Adara site na Global Recordings Network
* Ndepụta okwu Eda (nke nwere Bekee na Hausa)
Asụsụ Bunu

**Bunu** bụ asụsụ Hmongic nke ndịda China. Ndị na-asụ asụsụ Bunu bụ ndị People's Republic of China kewara dị ka ndị Yao. 

## Ụdị dị iche iche
 (2001) depụtara ụdị asụsụ ndị a maka Bunu.

* Bunu 布努 (Pu Nu) - 359,474 ndị na-asụ ya; ire okwu nnọchiteanya: Nongjing, Qibainong Township, Dahua County 大化七百弄乡弄京
** Dongnu 东努 (Tung Nu, autonyms: ) - 293,489 ndị na-ekwu okwu na Funing County, Yunnan (na Longshao 龙绍, wdg) na ugwu Guangxi: Du'an (na Meizhu 梅珠, wdg), Dahua, Bama, Pingguo, Tiandong, Mashan, Debao, Long'an, Baise, Tianyang, Donglan, Hechi, Shanglin, Xincheng, Yishan, Laibin. Na Funing County, a maara ha dị ka Buzha 布́ (aha ha) ma ọ bụ Ugwu Yao 山.
** Nunu 努努 (Nu Nu, autonyms: Lee-no-generated-contents="true" id="mwMA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" typeof="mw:Transclusion">No22 No22, po33 No22   ) - ndị ọkà okwu 53,870 na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Guangxi: Lingyun (na Taohua 陶化, wdg), Fengshan, Donglan, Bama (na Xishan 西山, wdg.), Tianlin, Leye
** Bunuo 布诺 (Pu No, autonym: pu33 no22) - 12,115 ndị na-asụ Du'an (na Sanzhiyang 三只羊; Longma 龙麻 nke Xia'ao 下 llaq,  wdg), Guangxi

The Shaoyang Prefecture Gazetteer (1997:533) na-akọ na Miao nke Xinning County, Hunan, na-asụ asụsụ Bunu-branch.

The Yunnan Province Gazetteer (1989) na-akọ na ihe dị ka mmadụ 7,000 na-asụ asụsụ Bunu a maara dị ka pu55 Ōa11 (布́a11) na Guichao 归朝乡 na Dongbo 洞波́族乡 (gụnyere na Dadongzhai 大洞寨, Saxiangdong Village 三́洞村) obodo nke Funing County, Yunnan.

### Ndị ọzọ
Ndị -esonụ nwere ike ịbụ aha ndị ọzọ maka ndị na-asụ asụsụ Bunu.

* Beidalao 北大老: 15,000 (1990) na Rong'an County na Rongshui County, Guangxi; ma eleghị anya Bunu, ọ bụ ezie na ha dị iche
* Changpao : 5,000 (1999) na ndịda Guizhou; njikọ asụsụ a na-amaghị ama, mana ọ nwere ike ịbụ Bunu.  maara ya dị ka Dongmeng site na Bradley (2007). [1]
*  : 2,000 (1999) na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Guizhou; ikekwe ụdị Bunu; [1] nke Li Yunbing kewara dị ka Pingtang Miao (2000) [2]

## Edensibia
ndị People's Republic of China kewara dị ka ndịndị People's Republic of China kewara dị ka ndị
Asụsụ Eka

**Eka** (autonym: *o21 kha24*; exonym: *Menghua*) bụ asụsụ Loloish nke Yunnan, China. E nwere ndị na-ekwu okwu 3,000 na Yijiacun, Heliu, Shuangjiang County, Lincang Prefecture. Ndị na-asụ Eka na-azọrọ na ha si Weishan County kwapụ ihe dị ka afọ 300 gara aga.

## Ihe odide
Shuangjiang County, Lincang Prefecture. Ndị na-asụ

## Akwụkwọ

* Yang, Cathryn 2010. *Ụdị mpaghara Lalo: Phylogeny, dialectometry, na sociolinguistics*. Melbourne: Akwụkwọ edemede PhD nke Mahadum Trobe. http://arrow.latrobe.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.9/153015.
Asụsụ Kapori

**Kapori** (Kapauri) bụ Papua_language" id="mwDA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Papuan language">Asụsụ Papua nke obodo Pagai dị na Airu District, Jayapura Regency, Papua, Indonesia.

## Okwu
Okwu ndị na-esonụ sitere na Voorhoeve (1975),  dịka edepụtara na nchekwa data Trans-New Guinea: 

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 2006. *Akụkọ nyocha banyere Asụsụ Kapauri nke Papua, Indonesia*. A na-ebipụtaghị ms. Jayapura: SIL Indonesia.

## Edensibia
sitere na Voorhoeve (1975),  dịka edepụtara na
Asụsụ Ngala (Zande)

**Ngala** bụ Asụsụ Zande a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Democratic Republic of the Congo nke Stefano Santandrea kọwara na mbụ. Otu ma ọ bụ karịa n'ime Asụsụ Banda emetụtala ya.

## Edensibia
Stefano Santandrea kọwara na mbụ. Otu ma
Asụsụ Gebe

**Gebe**, ma ọ bụ **Minyaifuin**, bụ Asụsụ Austronesian nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Indonesia, nke a na-asụ n'àgwàetiti ndị dị n'etiti Halmahera na Waigeo.

## Edensibia
n nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Indonesia, nke a na-asụ

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

*
Asụsụ Baramu

**Baramu** bụ Asụsụ Papua nke Western Province, Papua New Guinea.

A na-asụ Baramu na Baramura ( 142°58′46′′E / 8.447322°S 142.979563°E / -8.447322; 142.97 9563 (Baramura)), Tapila (8°25′33′′S 142 °56′05′′E /8.425835°S 142.5°S 141.934712°E / .425835; 142.9347-12 (Tapila Station)), Tirio, na Tiriodala 2 obodo Gogo Rural. LLG

## Edensibia
n nke ọwụwa anyanwụ nke a na-asụ
Asụsụ Belanda Viri

**belanda Viri** (Bviri, belanda, Biri, BGamba, Gumba, Mbegumba, Mvegumba) bụ Asụsụ Ubangian nke South Sudan.

## Ebe ndị a na-anọ
Nnyocha  mere n'afọ 2013 kọrọ na agbụrụ Balanda bi na ndị na-esonụ na South Sudan.

* Bagari Payam, Wau County (na Momoi, Biringi, Ngo-Alima B, Bagari, Ngodakala, Farajala, na Ngisa bomas) 
* Bazia Payam, Wau County (na Taban, Gittan, Maju, Kpaile, na Gugumaba bomas) 
* Diem Zeber Payam, Raja County (na Uyujuku Centre boma) 
* Tambura County (Tambura na Mupoi Payams), Nagero County (Namatina na Duma payams, Di Ayanga na Ngogala Bomas), Ezo County (Yangiri Payam na Moso Boma), Nzara County na Yambio County (Nadiangere na Ri Rangu Payams) nke Western Equatoria State nke South Sudan.

## Edensibia
Tambura County (Tambura na Mupoi Payams), Nagero
Asụsụ Bai (South Sudan)

**Bai** (Belanda, Biri, BGamba, Gumba, Mbegumba, Mvegumba) bụ Asụsụ Ubangian nke South Sudan.

Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2013, agbụrụ Bai bi na Khorgana Boma, Beselia Payam, Wau County . 

## Edensibia
agbụrụ Bai bi na Khorgana Boma, Beselia Payam
Asụsụ dị mma

Asụsụ Sucite ma ọ bụ **Sicite** bụ asụsụ Senuufo nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 35,000 na-asụ na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Burkina Faso na Mali. Sucite bụ onye agbata obi nke Asụsụ Supyire, nke a na-asụ na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Mali. A na-ewere Sucite mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka mgbatị ugwu nke asụsụ Supyire. Asụsụ abụọ ahụ, dị ka Garber si kwuo (1987), 'nke a na-aghọta ibe ya.' Mgbe ụfọdụ, ndị na-ekwu okwu Sucite ga-akpọ onwe ha Supyire. Ihe omuma ozo yiri ya bu Mamara (nke a makwaara dika Minyanka).

Ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ Senufo na-ezo aka na ndị Sùcìté dị ka Tagba, n'ihi na ha bi na mbara ala Tagouara. E nwere ụzọ dị iche iche isi kpọọ aha olumba. Ụdị dị iche iche nke Sucite gụnyere Sicite, Sipiite, na Sicire. Koodu asụsụ SIL bụ SEP.

## Ụda

### Mkpụrụedemede
Enwere imi ime ka ụdaume niile dị ogologo ma mee ka ha dị n'ime. A na-etinye schwa /ə/ na brackets n'ihi na a na-ahụ ya naanị na gburugburu abụọ a kapịrị ọnụ, ebe o yiri ka ọ na-agbakwunye ụdaume ndị ọzọ.

### Mkpụrụ okwu

Geminate voiced stops / africates bụ ihe jikọrọ ya na pre-nasal voiceless stops na Supyire,  ma na-egosi ya n'ụzọ orthographic dị ka 意mp, nt, ...N'ihi ya, ọ bụ n'ihi ya ka a na-akpọ ...Na Garber (1987).

### Ụda
Sucite bụ Asụsụ ụda olu nwere ọkwa ụda olu atọ: High, Mid, na Low. Garber (1987) na Carlson (1994) na-enyocha usoro Northern Senufo dị ka nke nwere ụda abụọ dị iche iche, etiti siri ike (Ms) na etiti na-adịghị ike (Mw). Ụda Ms na-enwe obere mgbanwe ụda karịa ụda Mw. Garber (1988) na-atụ aro na ọdịdị a nwere ike ịmalite na Nkewa ụda.

Glides nke jikọtara ụda abụọ dị, nke a na-ahụkarị bụ HL na ML.

## Asụsụ

### Aha
Dị ka asụsụ Senufo ndị ọzọ, Sucite na-eji usoro klas aha nke nwoke na nwanyị ise: ụzọ atọ nke otu / ọtụtụ klas na klas abụọ / ìgwè.

Aha na-ewere nsonaazụ klas maka nkọwa. Dịka ọmụmaatụ:

### Aha nnọchiaha
Klas aha ọ bụla nwere nnọchiaha nke ya. Ihe ndị a nwere ike ịbụ n'ozuzu (clitic), nkwenye, nkewa, nke akụkụ, nke ngosi, ma ọ bụ nke metụtara.

## Ihe odide
mgbatị ugwu nke asụsụ Supyire. Asụsụ abụọ ahụ, dị ka Garber si kwuo (1987), 'nke a na-aghọta ibe ya.' Mgbe ụfọdụ, ndị na-ekwu okwu


## Ebe e si nweta ya

* Carlson, Robert (1994) A Grammar of Suppyire. Berlin/New York: Nwa atụrụ Gruyter.
* Garber, Anne (1980) 'Gbanwee usoro okwu na asụsụ Senufo.' Na Studies in the Linguistic Sciences, 10, 1, 45-57.
* Garber, Anne (1987) A Tonal Analysis of Senufo: Sucite dialect (Gur; Burkina Faso). Akwụkwọ edemede PhD, Urbana: Mahadum Illinois / Ann Arbor: UMI. http://www.aegk.finespun.net/aeg_dissertation.php5
* Garber, Anne (1988) 'Nnyocha okpukpu abụọ nke ụda Sicite'. Na Journal of West African languages, 18, 2, 21-33.

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ Senufo
* Map nke mpaghara asụsụ Senufo
Asụsụ Mangala

**Mangala** nwere ike ịbụ:

* Asụsụ Mangarla (Australia) 
* Asụsụ Mangala (Bantu)

asụrụ  abụọ. Enwere
Asụsụ Ndu

**Asụsụ Ndu** bụ ezinụlọ a ma ama nke Asụsụ Sepik nke East Sepik Province na ugwu Papua New Guinea. *Ndu* bụ okwu maka 'nwoke' n'asụsụ ndị mejupụtara otu a. Kirschbaum chọpụtara asụsụ ndị a dị ka ezinụlọ yiri ya na 1922.

 Asụsụ Arapesh, asụsụ Ndu so n'asụsụ kachasị mma edere na ọdọ mmiri Sepik, yana ụtọ asụsụ zuru oke maka ọtụtụ asụsụ.

Akụkụ  ọhụrụ n'asụsụ Ndu bụ dochie anya nnọchiaha proto-Sepik *wun 'M' na proto-Ndu *an ~ *na.

## Asụsụ
Abelam bụ asụsụ kachasị ọtụtụ mmadụ, nke nwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ ya 45,000, ọ bụ ezie na Iatmül bụ nke ndị ọzọ maara nke ọma. E nwere asụsụ Ndu asatọ ruo iri na abụọ; Usher (2020) na-agụ itoolu: 

Mgbe ụfọdụ a na-ahụkarị bụ Keak (nke dị nso na Iatmul ma ọ bụ Sos Kundi), Kwasengen (ma ọ bụ Hanga Hundi, nke dị nso na Ambulas), Burui (nke dịpụrụ adịpụ na Gai Kundi), na Sengo.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Ọtụtụ Sepik na asụsụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu nwere usoro ụdaume atọ, , nke dị iche naanị n'ịdị elu. Phonetic [] bụ nsonaazụ nke ọnụ na egbugbere ọnụ nke  na ụdaume ndị dị n'akụkụ. Asụsụ Ndu nwere ike iwere mbelata a gaa n'ihu: N'asụsụ ndị a, a na-eji  eme ihe dị ka ụdaume epenthetic iji kewaa ụyọkọ ụdaume na okwu ndị dị mgbagwoju anya. N'ime okwu,  na-apụta naanị n'etiti ụdaume yiri ya, o yikwara ka a ga-akọwa ya dị ka epenthesis n'ebe ahụ, nke mere na naanị ụdaume dị mkpa ka a chee na ọ bụ . Nke ahụ bụ, asụsụ Ndu nwere ike ịbụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe nke usoro ụdaume abụọ, ndị ọzọ bụ asụsụ Arrernte na Northwest Caucasian. Otú  dị, nyocha dị iche iche nke otu asụsụ ndị a nwere ike ịkọwa ụdaume iri na abụọ.

## Ọdịdị
 ***n*** na-egosi onye mbụ na onye n***k*** abụọ nwere -n, na onye nke atọ nwere -k.

; Nrụzigharị Proto-Ndu site na Foley (2005) 

## Edensibia
Northwest Caucasian. Otú  dị, nyocha dị iche iche nke otu asụsụ ndị a nwere ike ịkọwa ụdaume iri na

* William A. Foley (2005). "Languistic prehistory in the Sepik-Ramu basin. " Na: Andrew Pawley, Robert Attenborough, Robin Hide na Jack Golson, eds, Papuan past: omenala, asụsụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ Papuan. Asụsụ Pacific 572. 109-144. Canberra: Mahadum Mba Australia.
* Donald C. Laycock (1965). *Ezinụlọ asụsụ Ndu (Sepik District, New Guinea) *. Asụsụ Pacific C-1. Canberra: Mahadum Mba Australia.   doi:

## Njikọ mpụga

* Asụsụ Manambu nke East Sepik, Papua New Guinea
Asụsụ Bedik

**Bedik** (Budik, endonym Ménik, Onik), nke bụkwa Banda, bụ Asụsụ Senegambia nke Senegal na Guinea nke ndị na-achụ nta na ndị na-achịkọta ọdịnala na-asụ.  Aha ndị ọzọ gụnyere Bande, Basari du Bandemba, Bedik, Budik, Manik, Münik, Onik, Tandanke, Tenda, Tendanke.

## Usoro ide ihe

## Edensibia
, Basari du Bandemba, Bedik, Budik, Manik, Münik

## Njikọ mpụga

* Iwu Nọmba 2005-985 nke 21 Ọktoba 2005 gbasara mkpụrụ okwu na nkewa nke okwu na Ménik site na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke Journal officiel  (n'asụsụ French)  
* Bradpiece, S. "'M ga-eme ihe": Senegal electro star na-abụ abụ iji chekwaa asụsụ ya" na *The Guardian*. E nwetara ya na 13 June 2022.
Asụsụ Sursurunga

**Sursurunga** bụ asụsụ Oceanic nke New Ireland.

## Ọnụ ọgụgụ
Sursurunga bụ nke a ma ama maka inwe ọdịiche dị n'ụzọ ise.  na-akpọ ọnụọgụ ndị dị n'akụkụ otu, abụọ, na ọtụtụ Ikpe na quadral (Hutchisson 1986); Otú ọ dị, ọnụọgụgụ ndị a, nke na-apụta naanị na nnọchiaha, na-egosi opekata mpe atọ na anọ, ọ bụghị kpọmkwem atọ na anọ ụzọ abụọ ahụ si egosi kpọmkwem abụọ. Ha bụ otu ihe na "ụmụ ole na ole" na "ọtụtụ", Corbett akpọwokwa ha (obere) paucal na nnukwu paucal. Enweghị ike iji ikpe ahụ mee ihe maka okwu ikwu diadic, ebe a na-eji quadral eme ihe maka mmekọrịta abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ dị otú ahụ.

## Edensibia
kpọmkwem atọ na anọ ụzọ abụọ ahụ si egosi kpọmkwem
Asụsụ Safan

**Asụsụ Safan** nwere ike izo aka na:

* olumba nke Casuarina Coast Asmat na New Guinea
* Asụsụ Safen na Senegal

asụrụ  abụọ. Enwere
Asụsụ Berik

**Berik** bụ Papua Asụsụ Papua a na-asụ n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Papua. Ndị -ekwu okwu nọ n'ime obodo anọ dị n'Osimiri Tor n'akụkụ ụsọ oké osimiri ugwu nke Irian Jaya Ndị Indonesia na-achịkwa.

Onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ  bụ John McWhorter kwuru Berik dị ka ihe atụ nke asụsụ nke na-etinye echiche "n'otu n'otu n"ụzọ dị iche iche karịa Bekee karịa ka ọtụtụ n'ime anyị maara". 'ịkọwa nke a, na ahịrịokwu *Kitabana* (nke pụtara "[ọ] na-enye nwoke ihe atọ buru ibu n'ìhè anyanwụ"), a na-agbakwunye ihe ngosi na-egosi oge nke ụbọchị, nọmba ihe, nha ihe, na okike nke onye nnata na ngwaa ahụ.  

## Ebe ndị a na-anọ
Na Tor Atas District, a na-asụ Berik n'obodo Beu, Bora Bora, Dangken, Doronta, Kondirjan, Safrontani, Sewan, Somanente, Taminambor, Tenwer, Togonfo, na Waf. 

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

### Mkpụrụedemede
Berik nwere usoro ụdaume isii (/a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, na /u/ gbakwunyere /ə/). 

## Ihe Nlereanya

* *Angtane' bosna Usafe je gatas tarnap ge nuin. Tesa ga belim taban, ga jes talebowel.*
* "E nwere otu onye aha ya bụ Usafe onye bi nso n'ọhịa Sagọ. Mgbe ọ bụla o gburu osisi sago, ọ na-akụ ya".

## Ihe edeturu

## Edensibia
 buru ibu n'ìhè anyanwụ"), a na-agbakwunye ihe ngosi na-egosi oge nke ụbọchị, nọmba ihe, nha ihe, na okike nke onye nnata na
Asụsụ Biafada

**Biafada** (*ga-njoola*) bụ Asụsụ Senegambia nke Guinea-Bissau .

Biafada nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu site na Mandinka. Ụdị dị iche iche na aha ahụ gụnyere *Beafada, Bedfola, Biafar, Bidyola, Dfola, Fada*.

## Edensibia
iche iche na aha ahụ gụnyere *Beafada, Bedfola, Biafar, Bidyola, Dfola, Fada*.

iche iche na aha ahụ gụnyere Beafada, Bedfola, Biafar
Asụsụ Ponyo

**Ponyo**, ma ọ bụ **Ponyo-Gongwang** site na olumba abụọ ya, bụ asụsụ Sino-Tibetan a na-asụ na Burma. A na-asụ Ponyo n'obodo nta iri na itoolu nke Lahe Township, Naga Self-Administered Zone (nke a na-achịkwa n'oge gara aga dị ka akụkụ nke Hkamti District), Sagaing Division, Myanmar (Ethnologue). Asụsụ n dị n'asụsụ bụ Ponyo na Gongwang, nke nwere nghọta dị elu n'etiti ha abụọ, ha abụọ nwere nkwekọrịta 89% ruo 91% nke okwu.

Ponyo nwere njikọ chiri anya  Leinong na Khiamniungan, na-ekerịta 69%-75% okwu yiri nke mbụ, na 67%-73% na nke ikpeazụ.

Aha ndị ọzọ gụnyere Gongvan, Gongwang, Gongwang Naga, Manauk, Mannok, Ponyo, Ponyo Naga, Pounyu, Saplow, Solo, Tsawlaw (Ethnologue).

## Asụsụ
Ethnologue depụtara asụsụ abụọ dị mkpa.

* Ponyo (Manauk, Mannok, Ponnyio, Pounyu) 
* Gongwang (Gongvan, Saplo, Saplow, Solo, Tsaplo, Tsawlaw) 

## Edensibia
nwere nghọta dị elu n'etiti ha abụọ, ha abụọ nwere
Asụsụ Gaikundi

**Gaikundi** (n'ụzọ nkịtị "asụsụ obodo") bụ otu n'ime Asụsụ Ndu nke mpaghara Osimiri Sepik nke ugwu Papua New Guinea.

## Edensibia
nde mmadụ ndị ọzọ
Asụsụ Ngbundu

**Ngbundu** bụ obere Asụsụ Ubangian (Banda) nke Democratic Republic of the Congo .

## Edensibia
nde mmadụ ndị ọzọ