Beauford Delaney

**Beauford Delaney** (December 30, 1901 - Maachị 26, 1979) bụ onye ihe osise ọgbara ọhụrụ America. A na-echeta ya maka ọrụ ya na Harlem Renaissance na 1930s na 1940s, yana ọrụ ya mechara na nkwupụta abstract mgbe ọ kwagara Paris na 1950s. Nwanne Beauford nke nta, Joseph, bụkwa onye na-ese ihe ama ama. 

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ Beauford Delaney na Disemba 30, 1901 na Knoxville, Tennessee . Nne na nna Delaney bụ ndị ama ama na ndị a na-akwanyere ùgwù nke obodo ojii Knoxville. Nna ya Samuel bụ ma onye na-akpụ isi na onye ozi Methodist . Nne ya Delia bụkwa onye a ma ama na chọọchị ahụ, ma na-enweta ihe e ji ebi ndụ na-asa ákwà na ihicha ụlọ nke ezinaụlọ ndị ọcha nwere ọganihu. Delia, bụ́ onye a mụrụ n’ịbụ ohu, ọ dịghịkwa enwe ike ịgụ na ide n’onwe ya, nyefere ụmụ ya ùgwù na ùgwù onwe onye, ma kwusaara ha ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na uru agụmakwụkwọ bara. Beauford bụ onye nke asatọ n'ime ụmụaka iri, naanị anọ n'ime ha lanarịrị wee ghọọ dimkpa. Ọ chịkọtara ihe kpatara nke a na ntinye akwụkwọ akụkọ sitere na 1961, na-ekwu na "ọtụtụ ọrịa sitere n'ebe na-ekwesịghị ekwesị ibi - ogologo oge iji gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekwesịghị ekwesị ... nnukwu ọrụ n'ụlọ - ọnọdụ okike na-ahụkarị ndị ogbenye na-ewere okooko osisi na-egbuke egbuke dị ka oyi na-atụ n'okike..." 

Beauford na nwanne ya nwoke nke nta bụ Joseph nwere mmasị na nka site na nwata. Ụfọdụ n’ime ihe osise mbụ ha sere bụ kaadị akwụkwọ akụkọ Sunday na foto sitere na Bible ezinụlọ. "Afọ ndị mbụ nke mụ na Beauford nwere ọnụ, ejiri m n'aka na-akpụzi ụzọ ndụ anyị dị ka ndị na-ese ihe. Anyị na-eji aka anyị eme ihe mgbe niile - na-eji ụrọ Tennessee na-acha uhie uhie na-emepụta ihe, na-edekwa foto. Otu ọdịiche dị na Beauford na mụ onwe m. bụ talent ya dị iche iche.  Ndị Delaney gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Knoxville's Austin, na n'etiti ọrụ mbụ Beauford bụ ihe osise nke Austin High principal Charles Cansler . 

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, ọ nwetara ọrụ dị ka "onye inyeaka" na Post Sign Company. Otú ọ dị, ya na Josef nwanne ya nke nta nọ na-ese ihe ịrịba ama nke ha. Mgbe ahụ, a hụrụ ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya Lloyd Branson, onye agadi American Impressionist na onye na-ese ihe mara mma nke Knoxville. Ka ọ na-erule mmalite 1920s, Delaney ghọrọ onye mmụta Branson.  Site na agbamume Branson, Delaney dị afọ 23 kwagara n'ebe ugwu na Boston ka ọ mụọ nka. Site na ntachi obi, o nwetara agụmakwụkwọ onye nka ọ chọrọ, gụnyere ọmụmụ ihe gbasara akwụkwọ na Massachusetts Normal School, South Boston School of Art na Copley Society . Ọ mụtara ihe ọ kpọrọ "ihe ndị dị mkpa" nke usoro oge gboo. Ọ bụkwa mgbe ọ nọ na Boston na Delaney nwere "ahụmahụ mmekọrịta chiri anya" mbụ ya na nwa okorobịa nọ n'ogige Ọha . Site n'akwụkwọ ozi mmeghe sitere na Knoxville, ọ natakwara ihe ọ kpọrọ 'n'ụzọ mkpọku' na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na echiche ndị isi ojii site na ijikọ mmekọrịta ọha na eze n'oge afọ ọ nọ na Boston na ụfọdụ ndị Africa America kachasị ọkaibe na radical nke oge ahụ, dị ka. James Weldon Johnson, onye edemede, onye nnọchiteanya na onye na-akwado ikike; William Monroe Trotter, onye nchoputa nke National Equal Rights League ; na Butler Wilson, onye otu bọọdụ nke National Association for the Advancement of Colored People . Ka ọ na-erule 1929, ihe dị mkpa nke agụmakwụkwọ nka ya zuru, Beauford kpebiri ịhapụ Boston wee gaba New York.

## Ebe a na-eli ozu Beauford Delaney
alt=Beauford Delaney tombstone at Thiais Cemetery|thumb| Nkume nke onye na-ese ihe Beauford Delaney n'ebe a na-eli ozu Parisian nke Thiais na Thiais, France.
N'afọ 2009, ka ọ na-eme nchọpụta banyere ili ndị Africa-American na Paris, onye edemede nweere onwe ya bụ Monique Y. Wells mụtara na e liri Delaney n'ili na-enweghị akara n'ebe a na-eli ozu nke Thiais nakwa na a ga-ebuga ozu ya gaa n'ili nkịtị na njedebe nke ili. afọ ma ọ bụrụ na "concession" (hatara nke mgbazinye) n'ili ya adịghị ọhụrụ. Ndị enyi Delaney welitere ego achọrọ, Wells wee kwụọ ụgwọ ahụ n'ebe a na-eli ozu iji chekwaa ebe izu ike Delaney. 

Na Nọvemba 2009, Wells hiwere otu ndị France na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ, Les Amis de Beauford Delaney, iji kwado inye ego maka okwute ili. Ị nweta ego malitere na February 2010, na òtù ahụ nyere iwu ka nkume ahụ na June 2010. Emechara nrụnye ahụ site na Ọgọst 2010.  

## Ihe ndetu
onwe ya, nyefere ụmụ ya ùgwù na ùgwù onwe onye, ma kwusaara ha ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na uru agụmakwụkwọ bara. Beauford bụ onye nke asatọ n'ime ụmụaka iri, naanị anọ n'ime ha lanarịrị (hatara nke mgbazinye) n'ili ya adịghị ọhụrụ. Ndị enyi Delaney welitere ego achọrọ

## Njikọ mpụga

* Les Amis de Beauford Delaney blog.

**Ọrụ** :

* ''Enwere ike ịgba ọkụ na ogige'', mmanụ na akwaaji, Smithsonian, 1946
* ''Foto nke onwe'', Yaddo, 1950
* ''Enweghị aha'', gouache na akwụkwọ, 1960
* Ihe osise ahọpụtara, *Beauford Delaney: site na New York ruo Paris*, Weebụsaịtị ngosi
* Abstraction, gouache na akwụkwọ, 1958-1961
* Charlie Parker Yardbird, mmanụ na kanvas, 1958
* ''Enweghị aha'', mmanụ na kanvas, 1958

## Ntụaka

* Baldwin, James, 1964, "Okwu mmalite nke ihe ngosi nke Beauford Delaney meghere December 4, na Gallery Lambert", e degharịrị na *Beauford Delaney: A Retrospective*, Studio Museum of Harlem, 1978.
* Canterbury, Patricia Sue, 2004, *Beauford Delaney: si New York ruo Paris*, Mahadum Washington Press.
* Delaney, Joseph, 1978, *Beauford Delaney, Nwanne m nwoke, sitere na Beauford Delaney: A Retrospective*, Studio Museum of Harlem, 1978.
* Heartney, Eleanor, 1994, *Kedu ihe mere Beauford Delaney?* - Philippe Briet Gallery, New York, Art na America.
* Leeming, David, 1998, *Amazing Grace: ndụ Beauford Delaney*, Oxford University Press.
* Miller, Henry1945 *The Amazing and Invariable Beauford Delaney*, ebipụtaghachiri na *Beauford Delaney: A Retrospective*, Studio Museum of Harlem, 1978
* Neely, Jack, 1995, "Ọ dịghị Onye hụrụ n'anya ka ukwuu", *Metro Pulse*, Mpịakọta 5, Nọmba 8.
* Neely, Jack, 1997, "Akụkọ Ụmụnna Abụọ", *Metro Pulse*, Mpịakọta 7, Nọmba 13, Eprel 3–10.
* Neumann, Caryn E., 2005, *Encyclopedia of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender & Queer Culture* .
* Boudou, Karima, 2018, *Ugboro abụọ ọhụụ: Beauford Delaney na Ted Joans na France*, Africanah.
* Smithsonian American Art Museum Biography nke Beauford Delaney.