Renee Stout

Renée Stout ( ከውጭ 1958) bụ onye ọkpụ America na onye na-ese ihe n'oge a mara maka ọrụ nka na-akpa ndị nchọpụta ihe mere eme nke onwe ya na ihe nketa Africa-American .  [1] Amụrụ na Kansas, dị ịrịba na Pittsburgh, bi na Washington, DC ., Wee iche site na nka ya na New Orleans, nka ya na--ama akara a n'ọdịbendị diasporic Africa na United States niile.  Stout bụ onye omenkà America mbụ nke Smithsonian's National Museum of African Art 

## Ndụ mbido
A Stout Stout na Junction City, Kansas [1] n'enye ihe ngosi ihe ngosi na mmemme okike.  Nne ya ọrụ agịga .  Nna ya, onye na-arụzi ọkọ na onye na-arụ nchara nchara, nwere ike n'ịgba tinker.  Otu nwanne nna bụ onye na-ese ihe nke ọma

Mgbe Stout dị otu afọ, akụrụngwa ya la n'akpa East Liberty na Pittsburgh .  [1] Ọ na-ewere klas izu ụka na Carnegie Museum of Art mgbe ọ bụ nwata, bụ nke ọ na-ekwu maka i ike ya na nkà Africa.  ịhụ, ihe abụọ dị na Carnegie Museum nwere ike dị ukwuu n'ahụ ya: isi ndị si South America dara ada na nkịsi .  [2] Mgbe ọ na-ede hụ nhụta dị mkpa ya mgbe ọ dị afọ iri [3] ya na nkisi nkondi, "Ahụrụ m otu mpempe n'ebe ahụ nwere mbọ ndị niile ... Ma echere m echere m nkà nkà.  ndị Africa na njem m. Ka m na-etolite, ụgbọra m na m akara n'ụdị  ahụ." 
thumb| Pittsburgh Skyline sitere na Nleba anya nke elu Incline
Greene mfela na awụ nwata Stout na Pittsburgh dabara na Betty Davis 'akwaga ebe ahụ, na Stout nwere ihe ngosi ya niile mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma.  [1] Najụjụ ọnụ Greene gbara ya, o jiri usoro nke ọrụ Betty Davis elele ọ anya maka ya: "Ndị mmadụ na-egosi maka ya ... echere m na ọ ga-abụ otu ihe ahụ na ọrụ m:  'Oh, nke ahụ bụ ihe aro.'  (ọchị)" 

## Ọrụ

Stout gara Mahadum Carnegie-Mellon, ebe ọ irohin azụ dị ka onye na-ese foto na-ese foto na Akwụkwọ CMU nke Arts.  [1] Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na BFA na 1980, [2] ebe ọ gbasoro ụdị ezigbo Edward Hopper na Richard Estes .  [3] [4] Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe nrịbama., na- onwere nka ya site n'esere ngwaọrụ na- ekwere ekwe nke textures dị ka iko, rọba na kaadiboodu.. 

Mgbe ọ kwagara Washington, DC na 1985, Stout dike eziokwu jọgburu onwe ya nke iji ọgwụ ike eme ihe na-aku ọkụ - isiokwu nke ọ debanyere n'ahụ ya.  [1] [2] Stout na-kwa ihe nketa ya nke ndị Africa na America na nka ya.  Site na ndị obodo Africa, yana ụwa na gburugburu ebe obibi ya, Stout na- mkpali iji ọrụ ọrụ ndị na-akwado ihe onwe onye, ​​onwe ya na ike ya, na-eji usoro nke ndị Africa na ụmụ ha. 

Na mgbakwunye, Stout na-eji ngwa edemede chepụtara echepụta iji ngwa ọrụ, ụfọdụ n'ime ha iche: ogụ mgbasa agwa agwa, foto na onye.   [1] Stout bụ onye sitere na Joan Mitchell Foundation, Pollock-Krasner Foundation na Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation, ma ihe ọrụ ya na otu ihe ngosi na United States dum, na England, Russia na Netherlands.

QNa 1993, Stout bụ onye mbụ African American nwere ihe ngosi otu onye na Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of African Art .  [1] Ihe ngosi ya bụ Anya ike: Kongo Minkisi na Art of Renee Stout .

Renee Stout bụ 2000 Artist-in-Residence na Tryon Center for Visual Art na Charlotte, NC .  [1] Na 2021 ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị jurors maka akwụkwọ ịkpọ òkù The Phillips Collection 's juried, Inside Outside, Upside Down, ihe ngosi nke "na-amanye anyị icheta oge nke anyị 'gbagwojuru anya, gbagwojuru anya,  na anya anya' site n'anya 64 DC - ndị na-ese ihe nkiri

## Ụdị nka

N'ijikọta ndị America na omenala vestigial na ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri, Stout's oeuvre nwere ikike ejiri aka mee, nrụnye na tableaus,, መሪ mara mma, akara na foto - nke a na-arụ ọrụ na ike ahụ dị ike nke na  -ree ndị onye na-ese ihe chepụtara.  .  egwu nka ya egwu ihe ndị ọrụ Yoruba, na nkịsi (ihe dị nssọ) nke Central African Congo Basin, nke mbụ egwuregwu na Carnegie Museums nke Pittsburgh n'oge ngwaọrụ ya.

nkọwa ndị ọzọ na ọrụ ya na-agụnye agụnye Haitian Vodou, oghere na omenala nke New Orleans na creole Voodoo practitioner Marie Laveau .  [1] Njụajụjụ ọnụ Dr.O mere n'akwụkwọ ya Tales of the Conjure Woman, Stout na-ekwu na iji meghee okpukpe ahụ,ahụ usoro iwu nke omenala America America, ọ ga-Mụ na-ama ọrụ ya.  na isiokwu ndị dị ka isiokwu ime sitere n'Africa.  Sistemu na Vodou .  Ọ na-ekweta na ọ ga-enwe "ịnweta oghere dị egwu n'ime ụwa nka - ebe nwere ikike ụfọdụ, ma na ume na-egosipụta" [2] Akụkọ ihe mere nchọpụta Conjure na-enye nwunye nka nke Hoodoo na Voodoo nke na-  Mbụ ihe omimi a dị omimi.  na omenala na-adịgide adịgide.  N'ịkọwa akara ya, Fatima Mayfield, onye na-agụ akwụkwọ-ịtọ ifo na onye na-agba afa, na-eleba anya n'ọdịnala omenala ndị a dị ka ihe na-awụli elu maka akwụkwọ ọrụ anya ya dị iche, na-  ebute ọrụ dị ihe anya nke ejiri ọrụ nke ọma ma juo ya na ihe atụ.  .

Nrụnye ihe ọkpụkpụ Stout na-agụnyekarị ihe eji eme Voodoo. A na-ejikọta ọgwụ ndị e ji aka mee, mgbọrọgwụ na ahịhịa, ihe ndị a chọtara, ọkpụkpụ, na ábụ́bà na ihe ndị e sere na ihe ọkpụkpụ. Akụkụ ndị ọzọ ọrụ ya gụnyere nyocha nke nkọwa ziri ezi na nke na-adịghị mma banyere ọbara, ọkụ, na egbe. Enwere ike ịhụ ihe atụ nke a na *Bellona (Chi nwanyị nke agha Rom), egbe mbụ nke nwa*, na *Arsenal maka ọkụ na-esote oge.*  

Ọrụ Stout na-atụkwa aro otu ndị na-ese ihe America dị iche iche dị ka mmetụta - onye na-ese foto nke Richard Estes, onye na-ese ihe Joseph Cornell, onye na-ese ihe nrụnye Edward Kienholz, na onye na-ese ihe na-ezukọ Betye Saar. Mmetụta ha pụtara ìhè n'iji Stout ji ihe osise trompe l'oeil, tableaus achọtara, na ụdị ígwè ọrụ na totemic ejiri aka mee. Ahụmahụ mbụ Stout dị ka onye na-ese ihe nrịbama ọkachamara na mmasị na-aga n'ihu na akara azụmahịa ejiri aka mee na-abịakwa n'ụdị dị iche iche.

## Ihe ngosi
Stout na-egosila n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi solo na United States na mba ụwa.  Ihe ngosi solo ya ma ama egwu ihe ese na ike: Kongo Minkisi na Art of Renée Stout (1993), Smithsonian American Art Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC ;  Ranting na Night Studio (2003), The Morgan Gallery, Kansas City, Missouri;  Ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ, ndị akwụkwọ, na ndị adịgboroja ahịa (2005), Ogden Museum of Southern Art, New Orleans ;  Renée Stout: Akụkọ ihe mere Conjure (2013-2016), sitere na Halsey Institute of Contemporary Art, Charleston, South Carolina ;  na Renée Stout: N'etiti ahụmahụ (2017), Sean Scully Studio, New York .

Andrea Barnwell Brownlee tinyere aka na otu n'ime ihe ngosi nrụnye nke Renee Stout, The Thinking Room (2005), na akwụkwọ, Renee Stout: Tales of the Conjure Woman, nke "na-ejikọta ihe karịrị iri isii na-adịbeghị anya ọrụ ma na-adọta ndị na-ekiri n'ime ike.  Ihe ngosi a nke akụkọ ifo na amamihe nwere obi ike na-enye ohere pụrụ iche maka ndị na-ekiri akụkọ ifo, ọdịnala na mmụọ nke na-agwa ma na-akpụzi echiche ụwa dị mgbagwoju anya nke Stout ma kwụsịtụ ekweghị ekwe ruo nwa oge"[1]  , Ọrụ ndị a ghọrọ isiokwu nke ihe ngosi njem Tales of the Conjure Woman (2013-2016), sitere na Halsey Institute of Contemporary Art.[2]

O so akara n'elu ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi otu, Afro-Atlantic Histories , [1] na Spirit in the Land, ihe ngosi njem na akwụkwọ na-eso ya haziri nke Nasher Museum of Art na Mahadum Duke, North Carolina, na  2023, na E gosiri na Pérez Art Museum Miami, Florida na 2024.  

## Ọrụ ndị a ma ama na mkpokọta ọha
 

## Ihe nrite

* Ihe nrite Pollock-Krasner Foundation (1991, 1999) 
* Ihe nrite Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation (1993) 
* Amaghị aha bụ ihe nrite nwanyị (1999) 
* Ihe nrite Joan Mitchell (2005) 
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka dị elu nke David C. Driskell Prize (2010) 
* Janet & Walter Sondheim Artscape Prize (2012) 
* Ihe nrite mmeri nke Mahadum Carnegie Mellon (2015) 
* Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation (2018) 
* Ụmụ nwanyị Caucus maka ihe nrite mmeri ndụ oge niile (2018) 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations