Reba Dickerson-Hill

Reba Dickerson-Hill bụ onye omenkà Philadelphia jikọtara onwe ya nke na-ese ihe n'usoro ink na-agụ Japanese oge ochie nke a na-akpọ sumi-e .  Ọ bụkwa onye na-ese mmiri na onye na-ese ebi bụ onye rụpụtara isi ala na ụzọ .

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Aka Dickerson-Hill na West Philadelphia na February 18, 1918, nye Evan Thomas Dickerson na Reba Henrietta Tyree Dickerson.  Otu n'ime ihe isii, ọ mgbasa ozi ihe mgbe ọ dị ihe dị ka afọ 4. [1] Nna ya na onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị akwụkwọ nkà ya.  [2] Mgbe ọ bụ nwata, ọ malite oge na-ese ihe n'ụdị Benjamin Franklin Parkway dị nso na Philadelphia Museum of Art .

Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Overbook wee debanye aha na Cheyney State Teachers College .  Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na 1940 na nzere bachelọ isi na njikọ.  Otu ቀለሞች 1940 na akwụkwọ ọmụmụ Baltimore Afro American ndị Cheyney akwụkwọ akwụkwọ kwuru na ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe ma zubere ime ya ọrụ.  Ọ akara ule elementrị na Philadelphia School District gburugburu 1949. N'ime 1960, ọ bụ osote prọfesọ nke nka nka na Cheyney.  [1] [2]Ọ ndị ị hụrụ ihe gburugburu 1966 ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ihe oge niile 

## Ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe
Dickerson-Hill ọrụ n'ọtụtụ usoro: watercolor, akụkụ, collage, mix media, pen na ink, ink na brush, sumi-e, sculpture, calligraphy and acrylics .  [1] O mekwara akara.

Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe na-akụzi onwe ya, na-enweghị akara ugo mmụta nka-ụlọ akwụkwọ. Na Philadelphia, ọ mụtara usoro eserese site na Claude Clark (n'etiti 1940s) na Paul Keene; mbipụta sitere na onye na-ebi akwụkwọ / onye na-ese ihe / onye na-ese ihe Jerome Kaplan; calligraphy sitere na Marvin Bileck, na kinesthetic Chinese watercolor techniques from Ramon Fina, mara maka nka ya na ọdịnala oge ochie nke eserese ahịhịa ndị China.  

O buru ụzọ gbasara usoro nka Eastern site na Fina mgbe ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Barnes Foundation gburugburu 1947. [1] [2] Na 1959, ọ gara ngosi nke Fina na Plastic Club, otu ụlọ ọrụ nka ụmụ , na Philadelphia.

Dickerson-Hill akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Temple, Mahadum Pennsylvania, Mahadum nke Arts / Philadelphia College of Arts, Pendle Hill na Wallingford, PA, na Mahadum Exeter, England.  [1] [2] Na 1950, ọ bụ onye otu Les Beau Arts, otu ndị America America na nka, egwu na akwụkwọ.  Omenkà Benjamin Britt bụkwa onye otu.

N'afọ 1946, Dickerson-Hill nọ na ihe ngosi iji kwado ndị na-eto eto ndị isi ojii nke Henry O. Tanne r Memorial Fund akwụkwọ.  Emere ihe ngosi a na Wharton Center, ụlọ ọrụ na-elekọta mmadụ na North Philadelphia nke mmemme mmemme nka na ihe ngosi ndị.  Enyere ndị otu obodo dị iche iche ihe ihe osise a.  Ihe osise ya bụ “Still Life” gara ụlọ ọgwụ St. Christopher maka nsene yana “Ihe kpatara nke 2” gaa na Association Mgbochi Mpụ.

O sonyere na usoro ngosi ihe ngosi na Cheyney na 1956 dị ka onye nkuzi na na 1966 dị ka onye otu ngalaba.  Ihe ngosi 1966 bụ Ememme Nkà Ihe Ọma nke mbụ nke kọleji, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị otu ngalaba atọ nọchitere anya ya. N'ime ndenye ya bụ agba mmiri, dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ a na-amaghị ama nke yiri ka ọ bụ mbipụta ụlọ akwụkwọ. Agba mmiri ndị ahụ bụ “The Boatman,” “The Bay” na “Gịnị bụ Mmadụ.” E gosikwara abụọ n'ime ihe osise mmanụ ya, "Metropolis" na "Nisi Dominus Frustra," yana ihe osise nke William P. Young, onye bụ onye isi oche ojii nke abụọ Pennsylvania dịka odeakwụkwọ nke Labour na Industry.  

Ihe ndị metụtara nke Dickerson-Hill “Study in Copper and Bronze” ihe nri nri mbụ site na votu a ma na ihe ngosi nka 1969 na alaka ụlọ ọrụ Liberty Federal Savings and Loan Association na ngalaba Germantown nke Philadelphia.  O meela ihe ngwo n' nti akụ mbụ, n'afọ 1960, na ihe ngozi solo nke ike na ike 45.

A nọchitere anya ya na ihe ngwere bụ isi nke ndị ojii na 1969 na 1971. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe 100 si gburugburu obodo ahụ na ihe ngosi nke District School Philadelphia na Museum nke Philadelphia Civic Center na 1969  [1] [2] Na 1971, e sere ya na ihe ngosi Aesthetic Dynamics nke onye omenkà Percy Ricks haziri na Wilmington, DE, nke dọtara ndị nka 75 si New York gaa Washington, DC.  [3] [4] [5] Ọzọkwa na 1971, o sonye na ihe ngosi nke ndị nka ojii na Smith-Mason Gallery na Washington, DC    

Na 1960, e gosikwara ya na Pyramid Club, mgbaàmà nke ndị nwoke ojii nke mere ihe ngosi nka kwa afọ na 1941. Ndị ọzọ nọ n'aka bụ Howard N. Watson, Benjamin Britt, Robert Jefferson, Samuel J. Brown  Jr. na Dox Thrash.

Ọ bụ onye otu Philadelphia Watercolor Club (ebe ọ bụ onye otu na onye otu ndụ) na Philadelphia Print Club.   

N'ime ihe ngosi ya: Philadelphia Art Teachers Association, Woodmere Art Museum, Philadelphia Urban League Guild, October Gallery, Allens Lane Art Center na Mahadum Arts.  Ihe ngosi mba ofesi ya dị na South America, Europe na Bahamas.  [1] [2] [3] [4] Sidney Rothman's Gallery dị na Barnegat Light, NJ, ibi wee ree ọrụ ya.. 

Ọka egwu nturu ugo nke mba yana na 1980, ihe nrite Andrew Wyeth watercolor.  [1] [2] [3] Ọ jere ozi dị ka onye ọka ikpe n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi nka, duziri nkuzi na sumi-e wee jee ozi na kọmitii nhazi ihe ngosi dị iche iche iche.     

## Ịma nka nka nke sumi-e
Dickerson-Hill mụtara eserese sumi-e site na Fina mgbe ọ nọ na Barnes.  Eserese ya sumi-e “The Philosopher” bụ ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi nke Sumi-e Society of America nkeji nkeji iri na ise na 1984. 

Ọ gara Japan ruo 1986, ebe ọ gbasaa ụbọchị 19 na Tokyo, Kyoto na Nara .  [1] Otu afá ka e ihu, ọ bịarutere Exeter, England, maka ogbako sumi-e nke onye ọkpụkpọ kacha kacha elu nke Zen arts Shozo Sato duziri.

Sumi-e sitere na China oge ochie wee gaa Japan.  [1] Usoro a na-eke anya nke ukwuu na nke ziri ezi, yana emee nke ya, ọ akwụkwọ onye edemede akwụkwọ.  Ọ ika ikpo uche, na-eji ngwa ọdịnala (ink iche iche, nnukwu efere,-ajị anụ na akwụkwọ osikapa) na akara ahụ, akara akara nke ahịrị na mpempe akwụkwọ mgbe e dechara ha.  [2] [3] N'ụụ dafa ya sumi-e, Dickerson-Hill depụtara aha ya na Japanese .  O mere stampụ ahụ nke ọma: Otu bụ aha ya na nke ọzọ metal "nwanyị mụrụ nka na ịma mma n'anya," ọ gwara onye edemede akwụkwọ Philadelphia Tribune n'oge October Gallery Art Expo na 1988. Ọ na-aga ihe ịga nke ọma.  enyo nka nke ụlọ ihe ngosi nka na-eme kwa afọ 

Na 1992, Sumi-e Society of America kwanyere ugwu maka ụzọ ụzọ "N'ime Ìhè," nke e nyere n'oge okpomọkụ 27th kwa afọ na ihe ngosi na Mobile, AL .  [1] Afọ ole na tupu mgbe ahụ, ọ nwere ihe nrite nke ọha mmadụ hụrụ maka ọgụ “Ugwu” ahụ.  [2] Ọ bụ onye otu obodo 

Edepụtara na akwụkwọ nkà ihe ndị Japanese nke ndị na-ese ihe na onye bụ onye n'Ebe Ọwụwa ntọala, akara 1992-1993. 

## Ọnwụ ya na ihe ngosi mgbe ọ gasịrị
Dickerson-Hill anwụ Jan. 17, 1994. [1] [2] Na 1996, Esther M. Klein Gallery na Mahadum City Science Center na Philadelphia mere ihe ngosi "ịbịa n' mmetụta" na ebe nchekwa nke Dickerson-Hill na Ellen Powell  Tiberino (onye nwụrụ na 1992), ha abụọ dị ka ndị na-ese ihe na mba ụwa.  [3] Ihe ngosi ahụ ihe osise seramiiki nke ndị Africa na-atụgharị North America nke Dickerson-Hill rụchara obere oge tupu ọ bụrụ onye.

N'afọ 2001, Mahadum Cheyney welitere ihe ngosi 100 nke mmemme ya na ihe ngosi nke "Landscapes of the Heart."  [1] Na 2015, Woodmere Art Museum ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi otu ekere "anyị na-ekwu okwu: Ndị na-ese ojii na Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s ."  [2] [3] Na 2021, Delaware Art Museum hụrụ ọrụ ya na mmeghari nke Percy Ricks' 1971 Aesthetic Dynamics show..  

## Nchịkọta ahọpụtara
Dị ka ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Reba Dickerson-Hill si kwuo, ọrụ ya dị na nchịkọta ndị a, n'etiti ndị ọzọ: First Pennsylvania Bank, Philadelphia;  Mahadum Atlanta ;  Mahadum Cheyney;  American Frame Corp.;  Ọdụ ụgbọ elu Philadelphia International na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu.  [1] [2] Ọbá akwụkwọ na- echereghị nke Philadelphia nwere ike ya abụọ, "Onye Ọkà Ihe Ọmụma."  

## Ihe ngosi ahọpụtara

* Philadelphia Urban League Guild, 1960 
* Philadelphia Art Teachers Association, 1960 
* Osisi Crossroads, National Bank of Chester County, 1966  
* Ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ-Belmont YWCA, Philadelphia, 1967 
* YWCA nke Germantown, 1969 
* Ụlọ ihe nkiri Smith-Mason, 1971 
* Ụlọ akụ Continental, Chestnut Hill-Philadelphia, 1981 
* DeShong Museum, Mahadum Widener, 1981 
* Nwa, Hispanic, Ememme Nkà Ihe Nkà nke America, Pittsburgh, 1981 
* Mahadum Cheyney, 1982, 2001 
* Ụlọ Bell Atlantic, Philadelphia, 1984 
* Salmagundi Club, New York, 1984 
* Allens Lane Art Center, 1984   
* Peirce Junior College, 1986  
* Mahadum Temple, 1986 
* Osisi Ọktoba, 1986, 1987  
* Oghere nka Crockett Atelier, 1988 
* Gloucester County College, 1990  
* Mahadum nke nka, 1991 
* De Virgilis Designs, 1992 
* Ọbá akwụkwọ efu nke Philadelphia, 1992  
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka, Sidney Rothman, 1992 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations