Nkọwa Habakkuk

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px|Mmalite nke nkọwa Habakkuk
The Habakkuk Commentary ma ọ bụ **pesher Habakkuk**, nke akpọrọ **1QpHab** (Cave 1, Qumran, pesher, Habakkuk), so n'ime Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ asaa mbụ a chọtara na 1947 ma bipụta ya na 1951. N'ihi nchọpụta mbụ ya na mbipụta ngwa ngwa ya, yana nchekwa ya dịtụ mma, 1QpHab bụ otu n'ime akwụkwọ mpịakọta ndị a na-enyocha ma nyochaa nke ọtụtụ narị ndị a maara ugbu a.

## Nkọwa
Akwụkwọ mpịakọta ahụ dị ihe dị ka sentimita 141 (56 in)  na njedebe ruo na njedebe, ya na ogidi iri na atọ nke edemede Herodian e dere na akpụkpọ anụ abụọ, nke ejiri eriri ákwà linin dụkọta ọnụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ogidi ndị ahụ na-efu akara ndị dị ala; ogidi nke mbụ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ laa kpamkpam, enwere oghere n'etiti ogidi nke abụọ. Isi nke atọ nke Habakkuk efuola kpamkpam na pesher, mana a kpachapụrụ anya hapụ ya, ọ bụghị site na ịka nká mebiri ya (ọtụtụ n'ime kọlụm ikpeazụ nke akwụkwọ mpịakọta ahụ bụ ihe efu, na-egosi n'ụzọ doro anya na ederede nke pesher zuru ezu). N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, akwụkwọ mpịakọta ahụ ka nwere ike ịgụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu, ndị editọ ejupụtala oghere ahụ na obi ike ezi uche dị na ya.

### Ihe ndị dị n'ime
Pesher na-ejikọta ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ n'oge a na akwụkwọ mpịakọta ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na a na-akpọkwa ha naanị utu aha kama aha. A na-akpọ dike ma ọ bụ onye ndú nke obodo kwesịrị ịgbaso Onye nkuzi nke Ezi Omume, onye a hụrụ na akwụkwọ mpịakọta ndị ọzọ nke Oké Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ. Pesher na-ekwu na Onye Nkụzi ahụ esorowo Chineke kwurịta okwu ma nata ezi ihe akụkụ Akwụkwọ Nsọ pụtara. A chọpụtabeghị onye nkuzi ahụ na onye ọ bụla n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ọ bụ ezie na Robert Eisenman kwuru na ọ bụ James the Just n'akwụkwọ ya nke afọ 1997 nke nwere aha ahụ.

Nke a bụ ntụgharị asụsụ: Ụfọdụ ndị na-emegide onye nkụzi ahụ bụ ajọ onye nchụàjà na onye ụgha. A kọwara ajọ onye nchụàjà ahụ dị ka onye ndú okpukpe ụgha nke onye nkụzi ahụ tụkwasịrị obi. Ka ọ na-erule n'ọgwụgwụ nke pesher, a na-akọ na ndị iro ya nwụchiri ajọ onye nchụàjà ahụ ma taa ya ahụhụ. O dochaghị anya onye ọ bụ, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta kwuru na ọ bụ ụkọchukwu Hasmon. Ụfọdụ kwenyere na "Ajọ Onye Nchụàjà" nwere ike ịbụ aha e nyere ọtụtụ mmadụ. Onye edemede ahụ boro Nwoke nke Ụgha ebubo na ọ na-achọ imebi aha onye nkụzi na Torah. A ka amabeghị onye nke onye ụgha ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na Robert Eisenman na-atụ aro na ọ nwere ike ịbụ Paul nke Tasọs

A kpọtụrụ onye edemede ahụ aha n'ụzọ na-agafe bụ Ụlọ Abesalọn, nke a na-ebo ebubo na ọ na-adịghị arụ ọrụ mgbe Nwoke nke Ịgha na-arụ ọrụ megide Onye Nkụzi ahụ. N'adịghị ka ndị ọzọ, a na-akpọ aha a naanị mmadụ ole na ole n'akụkọ ihe mere eme, onye nwere ike ịbụ onye a na-eche na ọ bụ onye Sadusii nke Aristobulus nke Abụọ, aha ya bụ Absalọm.

Onye dere pesher ahụ nwetara ngwọta yiri nke ahụ maka ọnọdụ ya siri ike dịka onye amụma Habakkuk nwere ọtụtụ narị afọ tupu: nnọgidesi ike site n'okwukwe. Ọ na-ekwusi ike na obodo ya agaghị anwụ n'aka ajọ Juda. N'aka nke ya, ikike ịbọ ọbọ megide ma kpee Kittim ikpe ga-abụ nke Chineke ga-enye ndị kwere ekwe. 

## Ntụnyere na Common Hebrew Text (Masoretic Text)
Ihe dị ịrịba ama karịa nkọwa dị na pesher bụ ederede e hotara nke Habakkuk n'onwe ya, nke dị nso na ederede Masoretic (nke akwụkwọ kachasị ochie zuru ezu sitere na narị afọ nke 11 AD). Nnukwu ọdịiche bụ usoro okwu, obere ọdịiche ụtọ asụsụ, mgbakwunye ma ọ bụ ịhapụ njikọ, na ọdịiche orthography, mana ndị a pere mpe iji ghara imebi ihe ederede pụtara.

## Hụkwa

* Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme n'Oké Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ

## Edensibia

## Akwụkwọ

* Brownlee, William H. Ihe odide nke Habakkuk na Ancient Commentary si Qumran. Journal of Biblical Literature Manuscript Series 11. Philadelphia: Society of Biblical Literature, 1959.  (Nnyocha ndị ọkà mmụta banyere otu n'ime ndị ọkà mmụta mbụ rụrụ ọrụ na akwụkwọ mpịakọta ahụ, ọkachasị n'ihe odide Bible ndị e hotara na ya) 
* Bruce, F.F., "The Dead Sea Habakkuk Scroll," The Annual of Leeds University Oriental Society I (1958/59): 5-24. https://biblicalstudies.org.uk/pdf/ffb/habakkuk_bruce.pdf
* Burrows, Millar. *Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Oké Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ nke Ebe obibi Ndị Mọnk St. Mark.* New Haven: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1950.  (Nke mbụ ndị ọkà mmụta bipụtara 1QpHab, tupu nchọpụta na usoro Ọzara Judia nke a na-ebipụta ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ọzọ nke Qumran) 
* Charlesworth, James H., Henry W. L. Rietz, Casey D. Elledge, na Lidija Novakovic. *Pesharim, nkọwa ndị ọzọ, na akwụkwọ ndị metụtara ya.* Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Oké Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ: Ihe odide Hibru, Aramaic, na Grik na Nsụgharị Bekee 6b. Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 2002.  (N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, e bipụtara ihe odide Hibru na nsụgharị Bekee na peeji ihu) 
* Cross, Frank Moore. *Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ Ochie nke Qumran.* 3d ed. Minneapolis: Fortress, 1995.  (Ngụgụ n'ozuzu na Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Oké Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ n'ofe, nchọpụta ha, na ọdịnaya ha) 
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Studien zum Habakkuk-Kommentar vom Toten Meer. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Ingrassia, David, (2002) CLASS 3 Bible Commentaries:Pesharim.Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta Oké Osimiri Nwụrụ Anwụ na Bible, https://web.archive.org/web/20041204182227/http://www.pastorcam.com/class_notes/deadsea/Class%203_Biblical_Commentaries.pdf E debere ya  Wayback Machine
* Nitzan, Bilha Pesher Hbakkuk: Akwụkwọ Mpịakọta sitere n'ọzara nke Judaea (1QpHab) [Hibru nke oge a]. Bialik Institute, Jerusalem, 1986.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  (2009) Ịgụ 24: 1QpHab & 4QMMT http://hebrew.wisc.edu/~rltroxel/JHL/Lect24.pdf
* Nwa okorobịa, Ian."Late Biblical Hebrew and The Qumran Pesher Habakkuk," Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 8 (2008): 8-25.

## Njikọ mpụga

* The Commentary on Habakkuk Scroll, The Digital Dead Sea Scrolls, nke Israel Museum, Jerusalem kwadoro.