Renate Müller (onye na-ese ihe)

*Maka onye Germany na-eme ihe nkiri na onye na-agụ egwu, lee Renate Müller.*

**Renate Müller** (amụrụ na 24 Ọktoba 1945) bụ onye Germany na-emepụta ihe eji egwuri egwu ụmụaka si Sonneberg, Thuringia . 

## Ndụ mbido
Renate Müller bụ ada Hildegard na Emil Lindemann.  Mmasị ya na mmepụta ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka gbabara n'ezinụlọ.  N'ịbụ onye na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ H. Josef Leven, nna nna ya rụrụ ọrụ na mmepụta na mmepụta ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka dabere na echiche mmụta na-aga n'ihu.  Nne na nna Müller gbara ogbako maka ihe nkuzi na-atọ ụtọ.  Site na 1964 ruo 1967, Renate Müller mụtara imewe na Sonneberg College for Applied Arts na Helene Haeusler (1904-1987).

N'ajụjụ ọnụ, o kwuru ihe ndị a banyere onye nkuzi ya: "Bauhaus nwere mmetụta n'ahụ ya, atụmatụ dị mfe na ihe ndị sitere n'okike bụ ihe kachasị mma ya. Na ngwụcha afọ 1950, ọ wetara ụmụ akwụkwọ ya akpa shuga, nke e ji mepụta anụmanụ jute e ji ajị osisi mee. Na Sonneberg, ebe ihe niile gbasara ihe egwuregwu mara mma, ihe a bụ ihe na-akpali akpali.  Mgbe m malitere ọmụmụ m na 1964, ọ rịọrọ m ozugbo.

## Ọrụ
N'afọ 1967, Müller sonyeere ụlọ ọrụ ihe eji egwuri egwu nke nne na nna ya. Nna ya kwetara na aro Haeusler ka ọ hapụ Renate Müller ka o mepụta obere usoro ihe eji egwuri egwu ọgwụgwọ, nke bụ obere cube nke Haeusler, anụ rhinoceros nke Gudrun Metzel, na ọbọgwụ nke Elfriede Fritsche-Bätz. Ebu ụzọ gosi ọha na eze na ngosi ahia nke Leipzig n'oge opupu ihe ubi 1967, ọtụtụ ndị dọkịta na-aga ngosi ahụ kwuru na ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu nwere ike iji ya mee ihe na isi mgbaka na ọkpụkpụ ọkpụkpụ.[1]  Tupu ịnata asambodo bara uru na ọgwụgwọ, a ga-anwale ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka Müller n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọgwụ ụmụaka na ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụgwọ.[1]  Müller ka nwere nkwado nke Haeusler, onye ga-agakwa West Germany iji kwalite ihe egwuregwu Müller.

N'afọ 1972, e jikọtara ụlọ ọrụ nne na nna Müller ma nye ya aha VEB Therapeutisches Spielzeug Sonneberg .  Müller gara n'ihu na-emepụta ihe egwuregwu ya ma ka ọ na-erule afọ 1974 ọ gbakwunyere ọtụtụ ihe na repertoire ya. A na-eji aka eme ihe egwuregwu niile, dịka ọmụmaatụ, mbe jute nwere mkpokoro e ji akpụkpọ anụ mara mma mee. Ụmụaka nwere ike ịmakụ mbe ahụ, mana ha jikwa ya nọdụ ala. Dị ka Müller si kwuo, "ihe ha dị iche iche, jute - akpụkpọ anụ, coarse - smooth, warm - cool, bụ oku ka ha metụ aka ma 'na-agbawa". Ihe owuwu osisi ha mere ka ha kwụsie ike nke na mmerụ ahụ agaghị ekwe omume.

Ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka na-ewu ewu ngwa ngwa gbasakwara na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara, na n'ihe ngosi mmiri nke 1976, e nyere ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka Müller ihe nrite ọla edo.[1]  Agbanyeghị, n'otu afọ ahụ, etinyere obere ụlọ ọrụ egwuregwu ụmụaka na VEB sonni Sonnberg nke VEB Spielwaren[1] na ekwekwaghị Müller ka ọ gaa n'ihu na mmepe nke ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka ya.  Ọ sonyeere GDR's Association of Fine Artists wee malite ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nrụpụta onwe ya.[1]  N'ime afọ ruo 1990, Müller haziri wee rụpụta ebe egwuregwu iri na asaa na East Germany niile. 

Mgbe Wende gasịrị, e weghachiri Müller obere ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Site n'enyemaka nke Treuhandanstalt, onye na-ese ihe weghachiri ikike nwebisiinka ya wee chọta ụlọ ọrụ a na-akpọ *Renate Müller - Spielzeug & Design* na 1991. A ka na-eji aka eme ihe egwuregwu niile,  a pụkwara iziga anụmanụ ndị meworo agadi ka ha rụzie ha. 

A na-ere anụmanụ ndị siri ike sitere na ụlọ ọrụ Müller ugbu a n'ụwa niile ma jiri ọtụtụ n'ime ha mee ihe n'ụlọ ụmụaka na Japan. Ngwaahịa ndị mbụ nwere nnukwu ọchịchọ site n'aka ndị na-anakọta ihe na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, ọkachasị na United States. Museum of Modern Art gosipụtara ihe egwuregwu Müller dị ka akụkụ nke Century of a Child Exhibition na 2012.  N'afọ 2017, e gosipụtara kapet buru ibu nke Renate Müller mepụtara na Venice Biennale .  N'afọ 2018, Kunsthall Stravanger gosipụtara ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya nke akpọrọ "Renate Müller: 50 Years of Toys and Design".

## Mbiputa na njikọ

* Renate Müller: Toys + Design, R & Company & Whitehaus Media, 2011,  . 

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Renate Müller

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ