Catherine Furbish

thumb|Catherine "Kate" Furbish
**Catherine 'Kate' Furbish** (May 19, 1834 - December 6, 1931)  bụ onye ọka mmụta ihe ọkụkụ Amerịka bụ onye chịkọtara, kewaa ma kọwaa ahịhịa ahịhịa nke Maine. O tinyere ihe karịrị afọ 60 nke ndụ ya, na-eme njem ọtụtụ puku kilomita na steeti ebe obibi ya na ịmepụta ezigbo eserese na eserese mmiri nke osisi ọ chọtara.

Ọ chọpụtara osisi abụọ a gụrụ aha ya: *[./Pedicularis_&#x3C;i&#x20;id= furbishiae]*" id="mwFA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pedicularis furbishiae">Pedicularis furbishiae (Furbish lousewort) na *Aster cordifolius* L., var. furbishiae.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Kate Furbish na Mee 19, 1834, na Exeter, New Hampshire, nwa mbụ na naanị nwa nwanyị nke Benjamin na Mary Lane Furbish. Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Brunswick, Maine, obere oge ka amuchara ya. Dị ka nwatakịrị, nna ya ga-akpọrọ Furbish na ụmụnne ya ise maka ịga ije n'ime ọhịa dị n'ógbè ahụ. Ọbụna mgbe ọ bụ nwatakịrị, Furbish gosipụtara nkà maka botany ka ọ nwere ike ịmata ọtụtụ osisi ndị dị n'ógbè ahụ.

Furbish gbasoro agụmakwụkwọ Gentel na eserese na akwụkwọ French. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Portland na Boston..  Nke a mere ka ọ nọrọ otu afọ na Paris iji mechaa ihe osise ya. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwetaghị akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ka elu, n'afọ 1860, Furbish gara nkuzi gbasara osisi George L. Goodale na Boston.Laura B. Brann (2008). "Furbish, Catherine "Kate"". ''Maine: An Encyclopedia''. Publius Research. Retrieved 9 May 2015.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Furbish bụ onye na-ese ihe, kamakwa ọ bụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị, na-agbagha ụkpụrụ ọha na eze nke oge ahụ. Ọ na-eduzi ndụ nke nwanyị Victorian n'ihi na ọ na-eyi uwe kwesịrị ekwesị, na-aga ụka mgbe niile, ma na-edebe ụlọ ya n'usoro dị ọcha, mana ọ na-enwekarị enweghị ndidi na mgbakọ ndị ọzọ ma gbaba n'ezinụlọ ya. A na-akọwa ya dị ka onye nwere onwe ya. Ọ gara naanị ya ma ọ dịghị mkpa ịlụ di.

N'afọ 1860, Furbish dara ezigbo ọrịa mgbe ọ gachara Boston, ma nọrọ afọ iri sochirinụ na-agbake n'ọrịa ya. Ka ọ na-erule 1870, Furbish enwetaghachiri ike zuru oke iji maliteghachi ije ije ya n'ime ọhịa dị na Maine. N'afọ 1873, nna ya nwụrụ ma hapụ ya ihe nketa buru ibu ka o wee nwee ike ịchụso ihe ntụrụndụ kachasị amasị ya.

Ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ bịara mara ịhụ Furbish mgbe ọ na-agagharị. Ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ lere ya anya dị ka ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ihi nchegbu ya banyere osisi na mpụga. Ndị French Canada bi n'ọhịa Maine nyere ya aha njirimara "Posey Woman", nke na-arapara ya na nke ọ chere na ọ dabara ya nke ọma. Mgbe a jụrụ ya ihe mere o ji nwee mmasị na "ihe ọkụkụ", Furbish hotara Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, "Anyị na-eche na Chineke nọ n'okike n'ebe ahụ, okike dị ukwuu ma dị egwu, ma na-aga ije n'ụzọ nsọpụrụ ebe ihe niile dị jụụ ma na-emegbu mmadụ n'ịgbachi nkịtị ya. "

Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha ndụ ya, Furbish nwere Ọrịa akwara, nke na-eduga n'ihe mgbu n'aka ya na ụkwụ ya.
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|240x240px|"pedicularis furbishiae," nke a makwaara dị ka furbish lousewart.
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ịpịpụta Pedicularis furbishiae a chọtara n'akụkụ Osimiri Saint John.

## Ọrụ na nchọpụta
N'ime afọ 38 n'etiti 1870 na 1908, Furbish dechara ọtụtụ ihe osise ya, na-achịkọta na nhazi ndụ osisi Maine, na-aga ọtụtụ puku kilomita gafee steeti ahụ. O ji ozi sitere na nkuzi nkuzi nke Goodale na Boston yana akwụkwọ ntuziaka botany Asa Gray iji kwado nkọwa nke ụfọdụ ihe nchoputa ya na ihe osise akọwapụtara maka eserese ya n'ọdịnihu. Ọ na-agafekarị ọzara a na-emetụghị aka, na n'ime usoro ahụ, ọrụ ndụ nke onwe ya mere ka ọ nweta ihe karịrị 4000 nke osisi a mịrị amị na fern. Site na 1897 ruo 1905, Furbish mere ya ugbu a ama ama sketị nke Maine's 500 mushrooms.

N'afọ 1880, mgbe Furbish na-eme njem na Aroostook County, ọ hụrụ ahịhịa nwere akwụkwọ odo odo. Osisi a nwere aha ya ugbu a, a na-akpọ ya *[[Symphyotrichum cordifolium|*furbishiae*]]" id="mwbQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Pedicularis furbishiae">Pedicularis furbishiae* ma ọ bụ Furbish's lousewort site n'aka onye ọkà mmụta ihe ọkụkụ Sereno Watson. A hụtụbeghị lousewort a n'ebe ọ bụla n'ụwa ma e wezụga n'akụkụ kilomita 130 nke Osimiri Saint John. Furbish's lousewort dị nnọọ ụkọ nke na n'afọ 1976, a kwụsịrị iwu ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik na mmiri nke ijeri $ 1.3 na ọrụ mmiri na Osimiri Saint John iji chebe ya.Laura B. Brann (2008). "Furbish, Catherine "Kate"". ''Maine: An Encyclopedia''. Publius Research. Retrieved 9 May 2015. Osisi ọzọ nwere aha ya bụ  L. var.  furbishiae.

N'afọ 1894, Furbish nyere aka guzobe Josselyn Botanical Society of Maine ma bụrụ onye isi oche ya site na 1911 ruo 1912. Bonta, Marcia, 1940- (1991). *Women in the field : America's pioneering women naturalists* (1st&nbsp;ed.). College Station: Texas A & M University Press. pp.&nbsp;78–84. ISBN&nbsp;. OCLC&nbsp;22623848.:  CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

 N'oge na-adịghị anya, Furbish chịkọtara ihe karịrị 1,300 mmiri na-acha na akwụkwọ nke gafere mpịakọta iri na anọ ọ kpọrọ "Flora of Maine". 

## Ihe nketa na mmetụta
Na 1908, Furbish kpebiri ikesa nyocha na ọrụ ya. Enyere "Flora nke Maine" na kọleji Bowdoin, ebe e nyere ndị Portland Society of Natural History akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ 182 ya, na akwụkwọ 4,000 nke osisi a mịrị amị na New England Botanical Club, ugbu a na Mahadum Harvard's Grey Herbarium.Bonta, Marcia, 1940- (1991). *Women in the field : America's pioneering women naturalists* (1st&nbsp;ed.). College Station: Texas A & M University Press. pp.&nbsp;78–84. ISBN&nbsp;. OCLC&nbsp;22623848.:  CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

 N'ozuzu ya, ọrụ ya nọchitere anya osisi nke ihe karịrị obodo Maine 200.

Furbish nwụrụ site na hypertrophy nke obi mgbe ọ dị afọ 97 na Disemba 6, 1931. Bonta, Marcia, 1940- (1991). *Women in the field : America's pioneering women naturalists* (1st&nbsp;ed.). College Station: Texas A & M University Press. pp.&nbsp;78–84. ISBN&nbsp;. OCLC&nbsp;22623848.:  CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

 A maara ya nke ọma n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta ihe ọkụkụ na ndị na-ahụ maka ihe okike, a ka na-eto ụcha mmiri ya na ihe osise ya n'ọtụtụ ebe n'etiti ezigbo ndị ọkà mmụta okike."Encyclopædia Britannica Catherine Furbish". Retrieved October 29, 2014. Mweghachi nke Furbish na ewu ewu nyere aka mee ka okwukwe na mkpa a na-etinye na ndị na-amụrụ ihe na sayensị osisi dịkwuo elu.

Na June 2018, Obodo Brunswick, ME kwupụtara na a ga-akpọ ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị ọhụrụ n'obodo ahụ aha iji sọpụrụ ya. Kate Furbish Elementary School ga-ejere ụmụ akwụkwọ ozi site na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọta akara ruo na klas nke abụọ wee meghee n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke afọ 2020. 

## Edemsibia

Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations