Mark Shaw (onye na-ese foto)

**Mark Shaw** (June 25, 1921 - Jenụwarị 26, 1969) bụ onye ejiji America na onye na-ese foto ama ama na 1950s na 1960s. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka magazin *Life* site na 1952 ruo 1968, n'oge nke mbipụta 27 nke *Ndụ* bu foto mkpuchi nke Shaw.  Ọrụ Shaw pụtakwara na , *Harper's Bazaar*, , na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ.   A maara ya nke ọma maka foto ya nke John F. Kennedy, nwunye ya Jacqueline Kennedy, na ụmụ ha, Caroline na John F. Kennedy, Jr. Na 1964, e bipụtara ọtụtụ n'ime ihe oyiyi ndị a n'akwụkwọ *The John F. Kennedys: A. Album ezinụlọ*, nke ghọrọ onye na-ere ahịa kacha mma.

## Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ Shaw **Mark Schlossman** na ndị nne na nna na-arụ ọrụ nke ihe nketa Eastern Europe na New York City wee tolite na Lower East Side . Nne ya Rebecca (ma ọ bụ Reva) Silverstein (nakwa Kanzer) (1895-1960) bụ onye na-akwa akwa nke Russia na Polish; nna ya Joseph Charles Schlossman bụ onye ọrụ na/ma ọ bụ onye na-ere ahịa nke agbụrụ Austrian. Ha gbara alụkwaghịm mgbe Mak ka bụ nwata. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ gara Mahadum New York, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ mmepụta ihe,  na Pratt Institute, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nkà na ụzụ ma eleghị anya na-ekpughekwa foto. 

## Ọrụ
Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, Shaw malitere ọrụ foto ọkachamara ya na New York City, na-elekọta ụlọ ọrụ foto na *Harper's Bazaar*, bụ ebe ọ bịara n'okpuru nduzi na onye nduzi nke onye nduzi nkà Alexey Brodovitch .  Site na 1946 ruo 1948, Shaw mere foto ejiji maka *Harper's Bazaar* wee malite inweta ndị ahịa mgbasa ozi.

Na 1949, Shaw lụrụ Geraldine "Geri" Trotta, bụ onye ọkachamara ejiji na onye edemede njem maka ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gụnyere  . Di na nwunye ahụ zụtara nkume brownstone n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke etiti Manhattan. Shaw guzobere ụlọ ọrụ foto ya n'ụlọ a na-ebu ibu n'azụ ụlọ ha.  Malite na 1951, Shaw nyere ihe oyiyi ejiji na *Mademoiselle* .

N'afọ 1952, Shaw ghọrọ onye na-ese foto na-akwụghị ụgwọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ *ndụ* ma na-ahọrọ freelancing n'oge ọrụ ya niile ka o wee nwee ike ijide ikike nke ọrụ ya niile - ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke ọ nwere ike nweta ọbụna na ihe oyiyi ya kachasị ama.  Njikọ Trotta gbasakwuru ohere Mark na-enweta ndị ama ama na ndị ọha na eze, ọrụ ya gara n'ihu. Freelancing on over 100 assignments for *Life*, Shaw na-ese foto ọtụtụ ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, ndị na-eme ihe nkiri, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, na ndị ọzọ na-eme ememme, ebe ọ na-arụkwa ọrụ foto ugboro ugboro na ụlọ ọrụ ejiji. Ọ bụ onye na-ese foto mbụ gosipụtara mkpokọta ejiji Paris azụ azụ na agba. 

Na 1953, eleghị anya n'ihi ahụmahụ ejiji ya, e kenyere Shaw ka ọ na-ese foto na-eto eto Audrey Hepburn n'oge ihe nkiri nke Paramount's  . Evasive na mbụ, Hepburn nwere ntụsara ahụ na ọnụnọ Shaw n'ime izu abụọ ma nye ya ohere ịdekọ ọtụtụ oge na nzuzo.  Nke a na-emepụta ụfọdụ n'ime ihe oyiyi ya kacha mara amara, ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị na-adịghị mma emesịa furu efu ruo ọtụtụ afọ.  *Ndụ* bipụtara ọtụtụ n'ime foto ndị a na mbipụta December 7, 1953, nke bukwara mkpuchi Shaw nke Hepburn. 

Ka ọ na-erule ngwụsị 1950s, ọrụ Shaw na-erute n'ọkwa ya. N'ime ndị ama ama ndị o sere foto bụ Brigitte Bardot, Cary Grant, Danny Kaye, Grace Kelly, Nico, Pablo Picasso, Yves St. Laurent, Elizabeth Taylor, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.  Dịka ọmụmaatụ, na 1957 Shaw gosipụtara onye mmebe ejiji Coco Chanel, onye na-eme ihe nkiri Jeanne Moreau, na ihe nlereanya Suzy Parker n'oge otu oge ịse na ụlọ Chanel's Paris na ụlọ ejiji. *Ndụ* bipụtara ọtụtụ foto ndị a na akụkọ na Chanel nke pụtara na mbipụta nke August 19, 1957 (nke bụkwa ụbọchị ọmụmụ Chanel). 

Na 1959, *ndụ* họọrọ Shaw ka ọ na-ese foto Jacqueline Kennedy mgbe di ya, Senator John F. Kennedy, na-agba ọsọ maka onyeisi oche.  Ọrụ a bụ mmalite nke mmekọrịta na-adịgide adịgide na-arụ ọrụ na ọbụbụenyi onwe onye na ndị Kennedys nke ga-emecha mee ka Shaw dị ka Kennedys' de facto "onye na-ese foto ezinụlọ". Ọ gara leta ha na White House na Hyannisport ; n'oge a, o wepụtara foto ya ndị a ma ama, na-egosi di na nwunye ahụ na ụmụ ha na ma ndị ọchịchị na nke nkịtị. Na 1964, Shaw bipụtara nchịkọta ihe oyiyi ndị a n'akwụkwọ ya *bụ John F. Kennedys: A Family Album*, bụ nke nwere ihe ịga nke ọma.   

## Ndụ onwe onye
Na 1960, Shaw na nwunye mbụ ya Geri Trotta gbara alụkwaghịm.  Ya na onye na-agụ egwú Pat Suzuki lụrụ na Maachị 28, 1960.  Ha mụrụ nwa nwoke, David, afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ma gbaa alụkwaghịm na February 1965.  

## Ihe nketa
Mgbe Shaw nwụsịrị, ala ya, gụnyere nnukwu ọrụ foto ya, nyefere ndị nwunye ya mbụ. Na 1994, nwa Shaw David Shaw na nwunye ya Juliet Cuming weghaara njikwa ihe nketa foto Mark Shaw wee zụta òkè Geri Trotta nke mkpokọta ahụ. Na 1999, ha guzobere Mark Shaw Photographic Archive, na East Dummerston, Vermont, nke bụ ugbu a naanị onye nwe iwu nke ihe oyiyi Mark Shaw. 

Tupu ịmalite Archive, David Shaw nwere ọrụ dị ka ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri vidio egwu, na Juliet Cuming na-eduzi vidiyo egwu (gụnyere White Zombie's " Thunder Kiss '65 "). Ha nwere ụmụ abụọ. Di na nwunye ahụ na-arụkwa ọrụ na-adịghị akwụ ụgwọ, Earth Sweet Home, nke na-akwalite ụlọ na usoro nhazi na-adịgide adịgide . Ebe nchekwa ahụ n'onwe ya ka edobere n'ụdị ahịhịa ahịhịa nke ha wuru onwe ha na-agbaso ụkpụrụ na-adigide. A na-eji ikuku na ike anyanwụ na-arụ ụlọ ahụ. 

Na December 2005, ọnwa ole na ole mgbe Geri Trotta nwụsịrị, ihe ndị na-adịghị mma nke ogologo oge na-efu site na mpịakọta 60 nke ihe nkiri Mark Shaw gbagburu na 1953 ọrụ Audrey Hepburn na ebe obibi Trotta. E bipụtara nhọrọ ndị a na-achọpụtaghachi na 2009 n'akwụkwọ *Charmed by Audrey: Life on the Set of Sabrina* . 

## Na-arụ ọrụ

### Foto ndị ama ama

* *Jackie na Caroline n'akụkụ osimiri*, Hyannis Port, 1959. Foto, ndetu na Monroe Gallery
* *JFK Ije ije na dunes*, Hyannis Port, 1959. Foto, ndetu na Monroe Gallery
* *Audrey Walking Away*, Beverly Hills, 1953. Foto, ndetu na Monroe Gallery
* *Audrey n'okpuru igwe nkụ ntutu*, Paramount Back Lot, 1953. Foto, ndetu na Monroe Gallery
* *Coco dị na Divan*, Paris, 1957. Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery
* *Vanity Fair Butterfly Robe Arm Out*, New York, c. 1955. Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery
* *Vanity Fair Sheer Gown*, New York, c. 1955. Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery
* *Uwe ọcha nke nwere pearl*, Paris, 1954. Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery
* *Henrietta Tiarks, onye Dutchess nke Bedford*, Palais Royale, Paris, 1959. Foto, ndetu na Andrew Wilder Gallery

* *The John F. Kennedys: A Ezinụlọ Album*, Farrar, Straus, 1964.
* *Onye Ozi Udo: Nleta nke Pope Paul VI na United States n’ihe gbasara Udo*, Ụlọ Atọ n’Ime Otu, 1965. (Onye nchịkọta akụkọ, akwụkwọ akụkọ foto.)
* *The Catch na oriri*, Weybright na Talley, 1969. (Onye na-ese foto; ederede Joie McGrail na Bill McGrail dere. Akwụkwọ esi nri anụ ọhịa.)
* *The John F. Kennedys: A Ezinụlọ Album*, Rizzoli, 2003.  . (Mbipụta gbasaara, gụnyere onyonyo ọhụrụ.)
* *Audrey mara mma: Ndụ na Set nke Sabrina*, Palace Press, 2009. ISBN&nbsp; . (Nke Juliet Cuming na David Taylor dere.)
* *Dior Glamour: 1952-1962*, Rizzoli, 2010. ISBN&nbsp; . (Onye na-ese foto; ederede nke Natasha Fraser-Cavassoni)

## Ihe nrite

* Art Directors Club Awards na 1950, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, na 65 gụnyere ihe nrite ọla edo abụọ.
* 1957 Art Directors Club - Award of Distinctive Merit, Editorial Art (Magazine Covers) (maka mkpuchi *ndụ* nke Rosalind Russell, Nọvemba 12, 1956) 
* 1957 Art Directors Club - Award of Distinctive Merit, Editorial Art (Na-abụghị akụkọ ifo - Agba abụọ) 
* American Television Commercial Festival ( Clio ) ihe nrite: Television/Cinema, Best, 1964: "Night Ride" mgbasa ozi maka Breck Shampoo (Onye nduzi, Igwefoto), ụlọ ọrụ Young &amp;amp; Rubicam, New York. 
* American Television Commercial Festival (Clio) award: Television/Cinema, Best, 1964: "Ford agbanweela" mgbasa ozi maka Ford Motor Company (Onye nduzi), J. Walter Thompson agency, New York. 
* American Television Commercial Festival (Clio) award: Television/Cinema, Best, 1967: "Okwu na Akwụkwọ" mgbasa ozi maka IBM typewriter (Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta), ụlọ ọrụ Benton &amp;amp; Bowles, New York. 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Saịtị gọọmentị
* Andrew Wilder Gallery - Mark Shaw Foto (Eji, onye ama ama na eserese ezinụlọ Kennedy site na Shaw)
* Monroe Gallery of Photography: Kennedy ezinụlọ na ihe onyonyo ama ama nke Shaw
* mptvimages.com - Kọntaktị na-enye ikike na mmekọrịta maka onyonyo Mark Shaw
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations