Elizabeth P. Benson

**Elizabeth P. Benson** (May 13, 1924 - Maachị 19, 2018) bụ onye ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nka nke America, onye na-agụ akwụkwọ na onye ọkà mmụta, mara maka nnukwu onyinye ya n'ime ogologo ọrụ ya na ọmụmụ ihe nka tupu Colombia, ọkachasị nke Mesoamerica na Andes . Onye bụbu "Andrew S. Keck Distinguished Visiting Prọfesọ nke Art History" na Mahadum America dị na Washington, DC, Benson nwekwara mmekọrịta dị ogologo na Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, ebe ọ jere ozi ma dịka onye nduzi nke ọmụmụ Pre-Columbian na dị ka onye na-ahụ maka mkpokọta ụlọ ọrụ nke ihe osise Pre-Columbian. A mụrụ Benson na Mee 1924  wee nwụọ na Washington DC na Machị 2018 mgbe ọ dị afọ 93. 

## Ọrụ
Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ mmụta mahadum na Wellesley, Benson laghachiri na Washington DC Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe yana onye edemede, na-ebipụta ọrụ uri na akụkọ ifo nchọpụta na-egosipụta eserese ya na veranda mpaghara.  Dị ka onye na-ese ihe ọ pụrụ iche na mbara ala n'agbanyeghị na ọ mekwara ihe osise na-adịghị ahụkebe ma mụọ maka otu okpomọkụ n'okpuru onye na-ese ihe Hans Hofmann .  Mmasị ya na nka mere ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị iche iche na National Gallery of Art, mechara rute n'ọkwa onye na-edeba aha onye enyemaka na 1954.  Mgbe ọ nọ na National Gallery ọ maara nke ọma nchịkọta ihe osise Pre-Columbian Robert Woods Bliss, otu n'ime ndị guzobere Dumbarton Oaks. Tupu e wuo Pavilion Pre-Columbian na Dumbarton Oaks, Mr. Bliss gbazitere nchịkọta ya maka ngosi na Gallery  wee mepụta mmekọrịta nke onwe ya na Benson mgbe ọ ga-akwụsị site n'iweta ihe ọhụrụ a ga-egosi. Benson chetara nleta ya na akụkọ ọnụ ya na Dumbarton Oaks, na-ekwu na ọ ga-abịa na gallery "mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-eji obere ihe n'akpa ya, otu jed ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla, ọ ga-asị, 'Achọrọ m ka ị hụ ihe ọhụrụ m. ọnwụnwa,' ma ọ bụ ihe dị otú ahụ."  Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ na National Gallery, ọ kwagara New York nwa oge ka ọ lekwasị anya ọzọ na ọrụ ya dị ka onye edemede na onye na-ese ihe.  N'ime oge a, Robert Woods Bliss na Mildred Bliss nọ na-eme atụmatụ mgbakwunye na Dumbarton Oaks nke ga-agụnye oghere gallery ọhụrụ, nke Philip Johnson mere, iji nweta Mr. Bliss 'nchịkọta nke nkà Pre-Columbian. Mgbe ụlọ ahụ dị nso na-agwụ agwụ, Mr. Bliss n'onwe ya kwadoro Benson ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta nke nchịkọta na ilekọta ntinye nke gallery ọhụrụ ahụ, na-edepụta n'akwụkwọ ozi o degaara ọkà mmụta ihe ochie bụ Samuel Lothrop na Benson maara nchịkọta ahụ "fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dị ka m maara. !"  Benson nabatara onyinye ahụ nke malitere ọrụ na-ewe afọ iri abụọ na Dumbarton Oaks, malite dị ka onye enyemaka Curator maka mkpokọta Pre-Columbian na 1962 wee kwaga Curator na 1965, ọnọdụ ọ nọrọ ruo 1980. Site na 1972 ruo 1978 ọ nwere ọrụ abụọ dị ka onye isi ụlọ ọrụ izizi nke ọmụmụ Pre-Columbian. 

## Na-arụ ọrụ na Dumbarton Oaks
thumb| Mpụga nke Pre-Columbian Pavilion na Dumbarton Oaks
Benson malitere mgbanwe nke nchịkọta Bliss nke ihe Pre-Columbian site n'ịdepụta ihe ndị a ka na-edebe na National Gallery. Ya na onye isi Dumbarton Oaks John Thacher rụkọrọ ọrụ iji kpebie ụzọ kacha mma isi gosipụta ha na Pavilion Pre-Columbian nke ọgbara ọhụrụ emebere. N'ịbụ ndị nwere ọnụ ụlọ gbara gburugburu kpamkpam, Benson chetara ịgagharị ebe ọhụrụ ahụ wee na-agwa Thacher: "Ọ bụ ụlọ mara mma. Kedu otu esi etinye ihe ọ bụla na ya?"  Ya na Thacher na James Mayo, onye ọrụ na Smithsonian, Benson chepụtara usoro ikpe plexiglass nke ga-egosipụta ihe ndị ahụ dị ka a ga-asị na ha na-ese n'elu ikuku.  Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ya na-elekọta mkpokọta ihe Pre-Columbian, Benson bụkwa onye isi na nguzobe nke mmemme mmụta mmụta Pre-Columbian na Dumbarton Oaks. Ọ kpọrọ Yale prọfesọ mmụta gbasara mmadụ Michael Coe ka ọ nye nkuzi ọha nke e mechara bipụta wee bụrụ olu mmalite na usoro *Dumbarton Oaks Studies in Pre-Columbian Art and Archaeology* .  Ọ malitere mbụ Pre-Columbian Studies Symposium na 1967 na isiokwu nke Olmec, ma jee ozi dị ka onye nhazi maka 12 symposia na mkpokọta site na 60s na 70s na isiokwu sitere na usoro ederede ruo n'àjà ememe iji metallurgy. 

## Mbipụta
Betty Benson bipụtara ma dezie ọtụtụ ọrụ n'ime oge ndụ ya, sitere na abụ uri ruo ihe omimi ruo n'akwụkwọ ndị ọkà mmụta, na-aga n'ihu na-ebipụta ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ iri asatọ. O dere usoro akụkọ omimi nke edobere na Maine nke e bipụtara na *Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine* na *Alfred Hitchcock's Mystery Magazine* . O mere ọtụtụ ihe omimi ya n'ime ụlọ ezumike nke ọ zụtara na 1960 na Sunset, Maine ma jiri pseudonym Augusta Hancock mee ihe dị ka isi obodo steeti ahụ.  N'ihe ọmụmụ Pre-Columbian o dere ọtụtụ akụkọ na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ gbasara isiokwu ndị dị ka nchịkọta Bliss nke nkà Pre-Columbian, isiokwu anụmanụ na Andean na Mesoamerican iconography, na Moche, omenala Andean nke narị afọ nke abụọ-8. CE. Akwụkwọ ya *bụ The Mochica: A Culture of Peru* bụ monograph nke mbụ zuru oke nke a raara nye Moche. 

## Ntụaka
na-ebipụta ọrụ uri na akụkọ ifo nchọpụta na-egosipụta eserese ya na veranda mpaghara.  Dị ka onye na-ese ihe ọ pụrụ iche na mbara ala n'agbanyeghị na ọ mekwara ihe osise na-adịghị ahụkebe ma mụọ maka otu ụbọchịeserese ya na veranda mpaghara. Dị ka onyePre-Columbian Robert Woods Bliss, otu n'ime ndị guzobere Dumbarton Oaks. Tupu e wuo Pavilion