Nzukọ Ndị Minista na Nchebe Ọhịa na Europe

**Nzukọ ndị Minista na Nchebe** nke Ọhịa na Europe (MCPFE, otu okwu nke **Usoro Helsinki**, na, site na Nọvemba 2009, nke FOREST EUROPE) bụ usoro ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị afọ ofufo nke ọkwa ndị Minista Europe maka ịkwalite njikwa na-adịgide adịgide nke oké ọhịa Europe.

Site na usoro a, a na-emepụta ntuziaka, ụkpụrụ na ihe ngosi nke njikwa ọhịa na-adịgide adịgide na ngwaọrụ ndị ọzọ maka ịkwalite njikwa ọhịa (SFM).

Usoro a dabere na Nzukọ Ndị Minista nke a kpọkọtara n'agbata afọ 3 na 5. Nzukọ ndị a na-anọchite anya ndị na-eme mkpebi kachasị elu nke usoro ahụ, yana ihe omume ya kachasị mkpa. Na Nzukọ Ndị Minista, ndị minista na-ahụ maka ọhịa na Europe na-eme mkpebi na okwu kachasị mkpa nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya gbasara ọhịa na ọhịa site na mkpebi na mkpebi. N'etiti nzukọ ndị minista, **Nzukọ Ọkachamara** (ELM) bụ òtù na-eme mkpebi nke FOREST EUROPE. N'elu nke ahụ, a na-eguzobe nzukọ tebụl gburugburu, ìgwè ọrụ, nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe na ogbako iji rụọ ọrụ na isiokwu ụfọdụ nke sayensị, teknụzụ ma ọ bụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.

FOREST EUROPE nwekwara usoro nkwado ya, ya bụ General Coordinating Committee (GCC) nke na-ahazi ọrụ FOREST EUR OPE ma na-adụ ndị Liaison Unit ọdụ maka mmejuputa mkpebi FOREST EUROSPE na mmepe atụmatụ. **Ngalaba Njikọ** bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkwado nke usoro ahụ. Ọ na-ahazi ma na-eme nzukọ FOREST EUROPE niile ma na-akwadebe akụkọ na akwụkwọ dị mkpa maka nzukọ ahụ. Ngalaba Njikọ dị na mba ahụ nke nwere onye isi oche nke FOREST EUROPE - ugbu a na Bonn, Germany, n'okpuru aha Liaison Unit Bonn.

## Nzukọ ndị Minista na nkwa
Site na 1990, e nwere nzukọ asatọ (gbakwunyere otu pụrụ iche) maka ichebe ọhịa na Europe. Nzukọ ndị Minista ikpeazụ mere na Bratislava n'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 2021 (ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ). Na Nzukọ ọ bụla, a na-ekwekọrịta nkwupụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị jikọrọ aka ma nabata mkpebi dị iche iche, iji mepụta atụmatụ ndị mba 46 bịanyere aka na European Union maka otu esi echebe ma jikwaa ọhịa.

### Strasbourg (1990)

* Strasbourg Resolution S1 "Nnyocha nke Ecosystems nke Ọhịa"
* Strasbourg Resolution S2 "Genetic Resources"
* Strasbourg Resolution S3 "Data Bank on Forest Fires"
* Strasbourg Resolution S4 "Ịgbanwe Nchịkwa nke Ugwu Ọhịa"
* Strasbourg Resolution S5 "Nnyocha na Physiology nke osisi"
* Strasbourg Resolution S6 "Nnyocha n'ime Ecosystems"

### Helsinki (1993)

* Helsinki Resolution H1 "Ntụziaka Nchịkwa Na-adịgide Adịgide nke Oké ọhịa na Europe"
* Helsinki Resolution H2 "Ntụziaka Nchịkọta maka Nchekwa nke Biodiversity"
* Helsinki Resolution H3 "Nkwado na Mba ndị nwere akụ na ụba na mgbanwe"
* Helsinki Resolution H4 "Nkwado nke Oké ọhịa na Europe na Mgbanwe ihu igwe"

### Lisbon (1998)

* Lisbon Resolution L1 "Aspects of Social-Economic of Sustainable Forest Management"
* Lisbon Resolution L2 "Pan-European Criteria, Indicators and PEOLG for Sustainable Forest Management"

### Vienna (2003)

* Vienna Resolution Forest V1 "Nkwado na NFPs"
* Vienna Resolution Forest V2 "Economic Viability of SFM"
* Vienna Resolution Forest V3 "Ọdịdị na Ọdịbendị nke SFM"
* Vienna Resolution Forest V4 "Forest Biological Diversity"
* Vienna Resolution Forest V5 "Gbanwee ihu igwe na Nchịkwa Ọhịa Na-adịgide adịgide na Europe"

### Warsaw (2007)

* Warsaw Resolution W1 "Ọhịa, Osisi na Ike"
* Warsaw Resolution W2 "Ọhịa na Mmiri"

### Oslo (2011)
Na Nzukọ Ndị Minista nke Oslo nakweere mkpebi (nke a na-akpọ Oslo Ministerial Decision: European Forests 2020) wee kweta na ikike ịmalite mkparịta ụka na nkwekọrịta iwu na Ọhịa na Europe.

* Mkpebi Ndị Minista nke Oslo: Oké ọhịa Europe 2020
* Iwu nke Oslo maka Ikwekọrịta nkwekọrịta iwu na-ejikọta ọhịa na Europe

### Madrid (2015)
E nwere Nzukọ Ndị Minista EUROPE abụọ FOREST na Madrid n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 2015: Nzukọ Ndị Nchịkọta nke asaa maka Nchebe Ọhịa na Europe, na Nzukọ Ndị Mịnịsta pụrụ iche FOREST EUROPE nke natara nsonaazụ nke ọrụ nke Kọmitii Nkwurịta Okwu Gọọmentị maka nkwekọrịta Iwu na Ọhịa Na Europe. E mere Nzukọ ahụ azụ azụ, n'ụbọchị ndị a: 20-21 Ọktoba Nzukọ Ndị Minista nke 7 FOREST EUROPE, na 21 Ọktobe maka Nzukọ Ndị Nchịkọta.

* Nkwupụta nke ndị Minista na Madrid: afọ 25 n'otu na-akwalite Nchịkwa Ọhịa Na-adịgide adịgide na Europe
* Madrid Ministerial Resolution 1: Ngalaba ọhịa n'etiti Green Economy
* Madrid Ministral Resolution 2: Nchebe nke oké ọhịa na gburugburu ebe obibi na-agbanwe agbanwe
* Madrid Ministerial Decision: Ntụziaka ọdịnihu nke FOREST EUROPE

* Mkpebi Ndị Minista nke Madrid

### Bratislava (2021)
Na 8th Ministerial Converence on the Protection of Forests in Europe, a bịanyere aka na nkwupụta na mkpebi nke ndị Minista. N'ihi ọrịa COVID-19, nzukọ ahụ mere ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ.

* Nkwupụta nke ndị Minista Bratislava: Ọdịnihu Anyị chọrọ: Oké ọhịa Anyị chọrọ
* Mkpebi ndị Minista Bratislava: Ime ka oké ọhịa pan-European kwekọọ na mgbanwe ihu igwe

## Ihe ndị mejupụtara ya

### Ndị bịanyere aka
Mba ndị bịanyere aka na FOREST EUROPE na-etinye onwe ha n'ọrụ na ọkwa mba mkpebi ndị a nakweere n'oge Nzukọ Ndị Minista.

N'etiti Nzukọ Ndị Minista abụọ, ndị nnọchiteanya si mba dị iche iche bịanyere aka na-ekere òkè na nzukọ dị iche iche, ebe a na-eme atụmatụ ma na-ahazi ụzọ iji tinye nkwekọrịta ndị e nwetara n'ọrụ n'oge Nzukọ ahụ.

Mba niile bịanyere aka na ya na-agwa Liaison Unit banyere mmejuputa mkpebi ha.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bịanyere aka amụbaala kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, ma ugbu a na-agụnye mba Europe 46, yana European Union: Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia na Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Macedonia, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Sweden, Sweden, Switzerland.

### Ndị na-ekiri ihe na-emenụ
Non-European countries and different kind of international organizations take also part in the FOREST EUROPE process as observers.

; Mba (14)

Ka ọ dị ugbu a (malite n'afọ 2015), ọnụ ọgụgụ mba ndị na-ekiri FOREST EUROPE nwere mba 14 na-abụghị ndị Europe, Canada, USA, India, China, Japan na Morocco n'etiti ndị ọzọ. Nke a bụ ndepụta nke mba ndị na-ekiri ihe ugbu a: Australia, Brazil, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Ghana, India, Japan, Malaysia, Morocco, New Zealand, South Korea na United States.

; Òtù ndị dị iche iche (45)

Òtù gọọmentị dị ka Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) United Nations Forum on Forests (UNFF), na World Bank so n'ime òtù ndị na-ekiri usoro FOREST EUROPE.

A na-anọchite anya òtù ndị metụtara ya n'etiti ndị na-ekiri ihe na-emenụ, na-enwe ohere ịgbachitere ọnọdụ ha ma gosipụta nchegbu ha n'oge nzukọ dị iche iche. Enwere ike ịkewapụta òtù ndị metụtara ya n'ime ìgwè isii ndị a:

# Òtù ndị ntorobịa na ụmụ akwụkwọ (nke International Forestry Students" Association, IFSA na-anọchite anya ya)
# Ndị nwe ọhịa, ma nke ọha (EUSTAFOR) ma nke onwe (CEPF, COPA-COGECA, ELO, FECOF, USSE), òtù
# Ụlọ ọrụ metụtara ọhịa na ọhịa (CEI-Bois, CEPI)
# Òtù NGO (BWI, UEF.)
# Òtù sayensị (Bioversity International, EFI, IIASA, IUFRO, UNU.)
# Òtù NGO na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi (WWF, Greenpeace, Friends of the Earth, Pro-Natura)

Ka ọ na-erule mmalite afọ 2015, ndị na-ekiri FOREST EUROPE gụnyere:

 

## Ọdịdị na ọrụ
E wezụga Nzukọ Ndị Minista n'onwe ha, usoro FOREST EUROPE nwere usoro zuru oke na usoro ọrụ dị iche iche.

### Nzukọ ndị ozi
Nzukọ ndị Minista bụ isi nke usoro FOREST EUROPE. Na nzukọ ndị a, ndị minista na-ahụ maka okwu metụtara ọhịa na mpaghara pan-European na-etinye onwe ha ma kwado mkpebi na ọhịa okwu metụtara ọhịa. N'etiti Nzukọ Ndị Minista usoro FOREST EUROPE na-arụ ọrụ site na usoro dị iche iche na-esote (lee isi ihe ndị a).

### Nzukọ Ọkachamara
Nzukọ Ọkachamara (ELM) bụ òtù na-eme mkpebi FOREST EUROPE n'etiti Nzukọ Ndị Minista. Ndị nnọchiteanya si mba ndị bịanyere aka, mba ndị na-ekiri ihe na òtù ndị na-ahụ maka usoro FOREST EUROPE na-ezukọta na Nzukọ Ọkachamara ndị a iji mee mkpebi maka mmejuputa mkpebi na nkwa ndị e mere n'oge Nzukọ Ndị Minista, yana nkwadebe nke Nzukọ Ndị Na-abịanụ. ELM na-ezukọ otu ugboro ma ọ bụ ugboro abụọ n'afọ dabere na mkpa ya.

### Nzukọ Nzukọ Nchịkọta
Nzukọ Round Table bụ ikpo okwu maka ozi na mgbanwe echiche. Nzukọ ndị ahụ na-enye nduzi maka mmejuputa mkpebi na mkpebi FOREST EUROPE, yana mmepe atụmatụ nke usoro ahụ.

### Ìgwè ọrụ, nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe na ogbako
FOREST EUROPE na-ahazi ìgwè ọrụ, nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe na ogbako iji dozie ma rụrịta ụka banyere ụfọdụ isiokwu sayensị, teknụzụ ma ọ bụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị metụtara oké ọhịa. Ndị nnọchiteanya FOREST EUROPE, yana ndị ọkachamara a họpụtara na-ekere òkè na nzukọ ndị a, nke a na-enye mgbe niile na Nzukọ Ọkachamara na-esote.

### Kọmitii Nhazi
Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Nhazi Ọchịchị (GCC) na-ahazi ọrụ FOREST EUROPE. Ugbu a ọ bụ ndị nnọchiteanya sitere na 4 nke mba FOREST EUROPE bịanyere aka na ya, mana ọnụ ọgụgụ mba ndị nọchitere anya na GCC agbanweela ka oge na-aga. GCC bụkwa ndị na-ahụ maka ego nke usoro FOREST EUROPE na ngalaba njikọ na ọrụ ya. Ọ bụkwa ya na-ahụ maka inye ndụmọdụ maka ngalaba njikọ gbasara mmejuputa mkpebi nke FOREST EUROPE na mmepe atụmatụ.

Ọgbakọ ndị ozi abụọ mbụ banyere Nchekwa oke ọhịa na Europe bụ ndị France na Finland na Finland na Portugal jikọrọ aka haziri n'onwe ha. Na Mgbakọ Ozi nke Abụọ, nke e mere na Helsinki, ndị sonyere ghọtara na ọ na-aga n'ihu na ntuzi aka nke usoro a na-aga n'ihu n'aka ndị isi oche ma tinye usoro nke imekọ ihe ọnụ n'ụdị GCC.

Mba atọ mebere kọmitii a, na ntọala afọ ofufo na nguzozi n'akụkụ mpaghara, wee gbasaa ruo mba ise ka emechara. Mba ndị a bụ ndị otu GCC kemgbe mmalite nke usoro Mgbakọ Minista: France, Finland, Portugal, Austria, Poland, Norway, Spain, Slovak Republic, Germany, Turkey na Sweden, ebe ọ bụ na 7th FOREST EUROPE Ministerial Conference.

Dị ka usoro FOREST EUROPE siri dị, otu n'ime mba ndị nọchitere anya na GCC bụ mba ndị ọbịa nke ọgbakọ ndị minista gara aga, nke ọzọ bụ obodo nke na-ahụ maka onye isi oche nke usoro a ga-akpọkọta ọgbakọ Minista na-esote, yana ndị ọzọ bụ mba ga-aga nke ọma n'ahịrị nke oche FOREST EUROPE. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, GCC bụ Slovak Republic (mba ndị ọbịa nke Nzukọ Minista ikpeazụ), Germany (obodo ndị ọbịa nke Nzukọ Minista na-esote), Turkey na Sweden, bụ ndị nọchiri Norway na GCC na 7th FOREST EUROPE Ministerial Conference. Onye isi oche nke usoro a weghaara site na Slovak Republic na ogbako Bratislava nke Germany, nke ga-enwe nnọkọ Minista na-esote FOREST EUROPE. N'ikwekọ na omume nke FOREST EUROPE kwadoro, Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Nlekọta Ndị Ọchịchị na-agụnye mba nke na-ejide onyeisi oche nke usoro ahụ ma kpọkọta Nzukọ Minista na-esote (Germany), mba nke haziri Nzukọ Minista gara aga (Slovak Republic) na atọ. mba ndị ọzọ ga-aga nke ọma n'ahịrị onye isi oche FOREST EUROPE.

### Ngalaba Njikọ
Ngalaba Njikọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ nkwado nke usoro FOREST EUROPE. Ọ na-ahazi ma na-eme nzukọ FOREST EUROPE niile ma na-akwadebe akụkọ na akwụkwọ niile dị mkpa maka nzukọ. Ngalaba Njikọ dị na mba nke na-ejide oche oche nke FOREST EUROPE - ugbu a na Bonn, Germany, n'aha Njikọ Njikọ Bonn.

## Ihe edeturu


## Ihe odide

* Barbati, A. (2014, June). "Ụdị Ọhịa Europe na Ihe ngosi Forest Europe SFM: Ngwá ọrụ maka nlekota ọganihu na nchekwa dị iche iche nke oké ọhịa, " Sayensị kpọmkwem
* Blaser, J.,Chipeta, M., Illueca, J., Lobovikov, M., Umali, R.M. (September 2014). "Nnyocha Na-enweghị Onwe nke International Arrangement on Forests (IAF): Akụkọ nke Team of Independent Consultants, "
*  Springer International Publishing
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*  Akụkọ BBC
*  Oge Ụwa.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Nchịkwa ọhịa na Europe: ihe ndị MCPFE rụzuru na ihe ịma aka n'ihu," *Iwu ọhịa na* akụ na ụba 1 (2): 177-185.
* Nilsson, S. na E. Rametsteiner (2009)."Nnyocha nke MCPFE: Akụkọ ikpeazụ. Laxenburg: IIASA, 29p.,"
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Governance Forest nke Europe: Nsogbu ndị dị n'ihe ize ndụ na ụzọ na-aga n'ihu". EFI Series: Ihe sayensị nwere ike ịgwa anyị, Joensuu.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ FOREST EUROPE (MCPFE): http://www.foresteurope.org
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ SWEDISH FOREST AGENCY: 
* THE REDD DESK: 
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT: 
* IISD REPORTING SERVICES Nchịkọta nke Nzukọ Ndị Minista Oslo: 
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY: 
* EUROPEAN FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES PROGRAMME website: 
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ mmekọrịta mba ụwa: 
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ UNITED KINGDOM FORESTRY COMMISSION: 
* REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT, DEPARTMENT OF FORESTS website: ?OpenDocument
* Ọfịs FEDERAL maka ebe nrụọrụ weebụ SWITZERLAND: 
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ EUROPEAN FOREST INSTITUTE: 
* MOUNTAIN FORUM: 
* SPANISH MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE FOOD AND THE ENVIRONMENT website:  /forest-europe/index.aspx
* SPANISH FORESTRY STRATEGY: 
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ FAO: 
* UNITED NATIONS FORUM ON FORESTS: onyinye Pan-European na nnọkọ nke iri na otu nke United Nations Forum on Forests: 
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ CIFOR:  -conference-on-the-protection-of-forests-in-europe/
* Ogige Ntụrụndụ Mba: 
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations