Ịgụ na Ịgụ na Ụzọ na South Africa

thumb|MLiteration Nkọwapụta
Ịgụ na ide na South Africa na-ezo aka n'ọtụtụ ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na-akwado mmepe nke ịgụ na ide ma mee ka ọ dị mma mgbe ị na-eji ngwaọrụ mkpanaka, ọkachasị ekwentị mkpanaaka. A makwaara agụmakwụkwọ mkpanaka site na mkpirisi mLiteracy.

E gosipụtara usoro agụmakwụkwọ na South Africa na nzukọ mLiteracy Network nke Goethe-Institut Johannesburg kwadoro na Jenụwarị 2015. Ebe mbido maka nzukọ ahụ bụ ọmụmụ UNESCO "Reading in the Mobile Era" (2014), nke na-eleba anya nke ọma na mmetụta nke ịgụ na ngwaọrụ mkpanaka na mba ndị na-emepe emepe. 

## Ecosystem nke mLiteration na South Africa
 
Usoro agụmakwụkwọ mkpanaka na South Africa emeela ka ọ dị mma site na ọrụ nke ọtụtụ ndị nwere mmasị na-eji nyiwe mkpanaka gbaa ume ịnweta ederede, akụkọ na ihe ọgụgụ. Ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ime usoro okike a gụnyere ndị na-enye ọdịnaya, nyiwe, netwọk ekwentị, ụlọ ọrụ ego, ụlọ ọrụ ọzụzụ (gụnyere ụlọ akwụkwọ na ọbá akwụkwọ), ndị edemede na ndị ọrụ. Ọtụtụ òtù na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ma ọ bụ na-adabere na South Africa nwere njikọ na njikọ aka na ọrụ gafee Africa. Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ndị a na-eji ikikere mepere emepe, ọkachasị ikikere Creative Commons.

N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ndị otu a na-elekwasị anya n'ọtụtụ ọrụ bụ ụmụaka, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na ndị okenye na-eto eto. Ihe ndekọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya sitere na Ngalaba Mmụta Isi nke South Africa gosiri na 53% nke ụmụaka niile nọ na Grade 3 na 70% nke ụmụaka niile dị na Grade 6 nwetara ihe na-erughị 35% na ule asụsụ National Assessment kwa afọ. Site na nnukwu mmụba mkpanaka na South Africa (ụfọdụ na-ekwu na ọ dị elu dị ka 128%) enwere ike iso ndị na-amụ ihe na ndị okenye na-eto eto na-arụkọ ọrụ na ọkwa ọ bụla nke mmepe ha site na ngwaọrụ mkpanaka.

### Ndị na-enye ọdịnaya

* Akwụkwọ akụkọ Africa. Tọrọ ntọala na 2013, African Storybook ebipụtala ọtụtụ akụkọ ụmụaka nwere ikikere maka ụmụaka dị afọ 2 ruo 10 n'asụsụ Africa na Bekee dị iche iche. Ebe nrụọrụ ahụ nwere ngwá ọrụ maka okike, ntụgharị na mgbanwe nke akụkọ. Ọrụ ahụ, nke South African Institute for Distance Education (SAIDE) (otu NGO nke dị na Johannesburg), bụ nke ụlọ ọrụ UK Comic Relief kwadoro. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Afrịka na-ebipụta akụkọ n'ihe karịrị asụsụ Afrịka iri anọ dị iche iche.
* Akwụkwọ Dash. Tọrọ ntọala na 2014, Book Dash na-emepụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ọhụrụ, nke Afrịka maka ụmụaka, nke e bipụtara n'okpuru ikikere ikike okike. Ndị na-akwado ha na ndị mmekọ ha gụnyere Central Library Cape Town, The African Storybook, Rock Girl na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. Na Book Dash Days, ndị edemede afọ ofufo, ndị na-ese ihe osise na ndị na-emepụta ihe na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ iji mepụta akwụkwọ zuru ezu n'otu ụbọchị. A na-emezi ka ndị a dị ka faịlụ dị njikere ibipụta na nke dị njikere maka mkpanaka.
* Bookly, nke Cover2Cover Books guzobere na 2011 ka NATIVE VML malitere na 2013. Ọ na-agba ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma ume ịgụ ụfọdụ n'ime akụkọ 450 dị site na ikpo okwu Mxit (nke na-adịghịzi) ma dee akụkọ mkpirikpi nke ha.
* FunDza na-ezube ịgba ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma ume ịgụ akwụkwọ maka ntụrụndụ. FunDza Literacy Trust bụ. Ka ọ na-erule Jenụwarị 2015, ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma 50,000 na-agụ akụkọ FunDza site na ekwentị mkpanaaka ha kwa ọnwa. Tụkwasị na nke a, a na-agba ndị na-agụ akwụkwọ ume ka ha kwuo ihe ha na-agụ, na ide akụkọ nke ha. FunDza na-ebipụta akụkọ n'asụsụ iri na otu niile nke South Africa.
* Nal'ibali N'ịbụ nke e mere maka ndị okenye, Nal'ibali na-enye akụkọ ndị nne na nna nwere ike ịgụ ụmụ ha. Ọ bụ The Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa, Times Media, na DG Murray Trust kwadoro ya na 2012 ma lekwasị anya na "ịgụ maka ntụrụndụ". Nal'ibali na-ebipụta akụkọ n'asụsụ iri na otu niile nke South Africa.
* Penreach amalitela mmemme Asifundze na Ehlanzeni (Mpumalanga), lekwasịrị anya n'imeziwanye ịgụ na ide na ịgbakọ ọnụ n'etiti ụmụaka dị n'agbata afọ 5 na 9. Ihe omume a na-elekwasị anya n'ìgwè dị iche iche gụnyere; ndị nkuzi, ndị nne na nna, ndị otu obodo na ndị isi distrikti. O nwere ebumnuche kpọmkwem nke:

# Imeziwanye Asụsụ Obodo, Asụsụ Bekee na nkà mgbakọ na mwepụ n'etiti ụmụaka nọ n'ógbè ndị ogbenye na Mpumalanga;
# Ịbawanye ngwa ngwa nnweta na ojiji nke ihe ọgụgụ na obodo ndị dara ogbenye.
# Ntinye aka nke obodo na mmepe agụmakwụkwọ na ịmepụta ọdịbendị ịgụ na ide na obodo ndị dara ogbenye na Mpumalanga.

* Worldreader tọrọ ntọala na 2010 site n'aka Coleen McElwee na David Risher, onye bụbu osote onye isi oche nke Amazon US Retails. Worldreader na-eme ka e-akwụkwọ azụmahịa dị na mba ndị na-emepe emepe na ọnụahịa dị ala. Enwere ike ịnweta ya na mba 50, 10 n'ime ha dị na Sub-Saharan Africa. Kemgbe mmalite nke ọrụ ahụ, Worldreader emeela akwụkwọ 15,519 site na ekwentị mkpanaaka.
* A malitere Yoza Cellphone Stories na 2009 dị ka ọrụ Shuttleworth Foundation nke Steve Vosloo duziri. Ọrụ ahụ na-enye ọtụtụ akụkọ enwere ike ịnweta na ekwentị mkpanaaka. N'ihi enweghị ego, Yoza abụghịzi ọrụ na-arụsi ọrụ ike, mana enwere ike ịnweta akụkọ ha site na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ha. Yoza bipụtara akụkọ n'asụsụ Bekee na isiXhosa.
* Puku Children's Literature Foundation bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-akwalite ịgụ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nke na-achọ ijide n'aka na ụmụaka niile nwere ohere ịnweta akwụkwọ dị mma, nke ọdịbendị na asụsụ South Africa niile. Otu n'ime ụgbọ ala ndị bụ isi nke Puku maka ịkwalite nke a bụ ịmepụta encyclopedia dijitalụ na-adọrọ mmasị ma na-enyocha akwụkwọ na ọrụ maka ihe ga-abụ nchekwa data zuru oke nke akwụkwọ ụmụaka (Pukupedia) nke South Africa na nke na-akwalite ịzụta na ịgụ akwụkwọ ndị na-akwado nwatakịrị Africa.

### Enyemaka na ndị na-eme ka ikike

* Creative Commons South Africa na-enye ikikere ikikere iji mee ka ịkekọrịta ọrụ okike dị mfe ma mee ka ohere zuru ụwa ọnụ nweta ihe ọmụma. Ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ikikere CC.
* WikiAfrica bụ atụmatụ nke na-achọ ịgba ume maka ịnyefe na mmepe nke ọdịnaya Africa na Wikipedia. Ha na-azụ ndị mmadụ, otu na òtù ka ha nye aka ma ọ bụ nye onyinye ihe ọmụma Africa na Wikipedia ma melite enweghị olu ugbu a site na Africa.
* Wikipedia Zero bụ atụmatụ nke na-enye ohere ịnweta Wikipedia n'enweghị ụgwọ ọ bụla. Na South Africa, e nwere obere Wikipedia Zero maka ndị ọrụ MTN.

### Ọrụ ndị dabeere n'ọbá akwụkwọ

* Ọbá akwụkwọ Johannesburg City amalitela ụfọdụ atụmatụ na-akwado eLearning na ịkwalite nkà na ụzụ.
* The Library and Information Association of South Africa (LIASA), nke malitere na 1997, na-ezube iwulite ikike maka ọbá akwụkwọ, gbasaa ohere ịnweta ọdịnaya na inye ikpo okwu maka ọbá Akwụkwọ na ndị na-elekọta ọbá akwụkwọ.
* Usoro Ulwazi, nke e guzobere na 2008 site na Ngalaba Ọbá Akwụkwọ na Ihe Nketa nke eThekwini Municipality, Ulwazi bụ ọrụ mbụ nke ọbá akwụkwọ dị na South Africa iji chịkọta ma kesaa ihe ọmụma banyere ọdịbendị na akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ọrụ ahụ gbara ndị obodo ume isonye na ịkekọrịta ihe ọmụma obodo n'ịntanetị ma mụbaa ojiji ịntanetị n'Africa.

### Nnyocha banyere ịgụ na ide nke ekwentị

; Nnyocha Mgbasa Ozi Mobile na Mahadum Cape Town

Ndị na-eme nchọpụta na Mahadum Cape Town emeela ọtụtụ atụmatụ nyocha gbasara ịgụ na ide. Nnyocha banyere ịgụ na ide dijitalụ na njikọ dị n'etiti ịgụ na ide mkpanaka na ọtụtụ asụsụ so n'ime ha. Ọrụ ndị a emeela ka ihe dị mkpa nke ebe ọha na eze dị ka ọbá akwụkwọ na cybercafes pụta ìhè n'ịkwalite ịgụ na ide. Nke a na-agbasawanye na nyocha a na-eme na Mahadum nke Cape Town's Centre for ICT4D, nke na-enyocha otu ọganihu teknụzụ nwere ike isi kwalite ịkekọrịta mgbasa ozi na ngwaọrụ mkpanaka ma gosipụta ọdịdị nke omume ịgụ na ide dijitalụ.

### Òtù ndị metụtara mba ụwa

* Electronic Information for Libraries (EIFL) na Africa, na-eduzi mmemme na Etiopia Ghana, Kenya na South Africa nke na-elekwasị anya na ọzụzụ na Ozi na Nkwurịta Okwu maka ndị na-ahụ maka ọbá akwụkwọ.
* Goethe-Institut Johannesburg: Goethe- Institut bụ ụlọ ọrụ ọdịbendị nke Federal Republic of Germany, na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ụwa niile. Ọ na-akwalite ọmụmụ nke German na mba ofesi ma na-agba ume mgbanwe ọdịbendị mba ụwa. Kemgbe mmejuputa usoro dijitalụ ọhụrụ n'afọ 2014, a na-elekwasị anya n'ịmalite mkparịta ụka mba ụwa banyere mmetụta, ihe ịma aka na ohere nke mmepe dijitalụ na agụmakwụkwọ, ọdịbendị na ọha mmadụ.
* Kenya National Library Service: Kisumu & Kibera project. National Library Service of Kenya (KNLS) na-emepe, na-akwalite, na-eguzobe ma na-akwadebe ọbá akwụkwọ na Kenya. Ebumnuche ha bụ iji mee ka ịnweta ozi na ihe ọmụma iji kwalite ịgụ na ide na Kenya.
* German Library Association: ma e jiri ya tụnyere South Africa, ekwentị mkpanaaka anaghị arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na Germany, mana ha na-aghọkwa ihe dị mkpa na German. GLA amalitela ọrụ "Ịgụ bụ ike" nke na-ezube imeziwanye ikike dijitalụ na mgbasa ozi ọhụrụ.
* Mobiliteracy Uganda: nke United States Agency for International Development kwadoro na-akwalite ịgụ na ide site na izipu ozi nwere nkuzi ịgụ na ekwentị okenye ha nwere ike ịkọrọ ụmụ ha. N'aka nke ọzọ, a na-eji faịlụ ọdịyo ndị ọzọ eme ihe iji mee ka ndị nne na nna na-amaghị akwụkwọ sonye na ọrụ ahụ.
* Sen Mobile: malitere na Senegal, Sen Mobile na-enye Mobile Development, SMS Service, Quality Assurance na Quality & Training. Isi ihe ha na-elekwasị anya bụ mmụta mkpanaka, ahụike na ntụrụndụ.

## Ọganihu na ihe ịma aka
Kemgbe mmejuputa oru ngo mbu n'afọ 2009, ala mLiteration na South Africa enweela ụfọdụ mmepe na-ekwe nkwa:

* Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke atụmatụ na smartphones na-arị elu nke ukwuu.
* E guzobere ọtụtụ ọrụ mLiteration maka mmụta iwu na nke na-abụghị nke iwu kwadoro (lee n'elu) 
* Mkpa ọ dị ịzụ ndị nkụzi na ndị nne na nna n'ọhịa nke ikike agụmakwụkwọ nke ekwentị mkpanaaka na-eto eto.
* Ịnweta akwụkwọ na ọrụ ịgụ na ide site na ekwentị mkpanaaka na-ejere ụdị nkwurịta okwu ndị na-eto eto maara.
* Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọdịnaya dị mkpa (dịka akwụkwọ e-akwụkwọ) na-abawanye.  (nke ọrụ ndị dị n'elu nyere).

N'aka nke ọzọ, a ka nwere ọtụtụ ihe ịma aka:

* Enweghị ọdịnaya na ọdịnaya metụtara Africa na asụsụ Africa ka bụ nnukwu nsogbu.
* Ọnụ ego nke oge ikuku iji nweta ozi site na ekwentị mkpanaaka nwere ike ịbụ n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ, ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ (96%) na-enweta ịntanetị na ekwentị mkpanaka ha site na ịkwụ ụgwọ, nke dị oke ọnụ karịa nkwekọrịta netwọk.
* Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ndị na-eme ka ọdịnaya dị n'efu dabere na ego sitere na NGO ma ya mere anaghị adịgide adịgide.
* Ndị nne na nna, ndị nkụzi na ndị na-ahụ maka ọbá akwụkwọ amaghị nke ọma banyere ohere ịnweta ozi site na ekwentị mkpanaaka.
* Ịha nhata nwoke na nwanyị bụkwa nsogbu mgbe ị na-abịa na ịnweta ekwentị mkpanaaka. Nnyocha UNESCO "Ịgụ n'oge mkpanaka" na-egosi na e nwere ọtụtụ ndị na-agụ mkpanaka karịa ụmụ nwanyị. Mana ozugbo ụmụ nwanyị na-enweta ohere, ha na-agụkarị okpukpu isii karịa ụmụ nwoke. Nnyocha ahụ gosikwara, na 2/3 nke ụmụ nwanyị na-agụ akụkọ, nke ha na-enweta site na ekwentị ha, nye ụmụ ha. Ime ka ngwaọrụ mkpanaka dị mfe maka ụmụ nwanyị, ga-amụba ịgụ na ide n'oge ụmụaka.

## Hụkwa

* Nkewa dijitalụ na South Africa
* Ịntanetị na South Africa
* Mgbasa ozi nke South Africa
* Nkwurịta okwu na South Africa

## Ihe odide


## Akwụkwọ

* Ịgụ n'oge mkpanaka (UNESCO, 2014) (Nweta 8.2.2015)
* Ntuziaka iwu UNESCO maka mmụta mkpanaka (2013) (Nweta 8.2.2015)
* Ọdịnihu nke Mobile Learning: mmetụta maka ndị na-eme iwu na ndị na-ahazi (UNESCO, 2013) (Nweta 8.2.2015)
* Ntụgharị na Mobile Learning na Africa na Middle East: ihe atụ na-egosi ihe na-emetụta iwu (UNESCO 2012) (Nweta 8.2.2015)
* Walton, Marion: Mobile Literacy & South African Teens: Leisure reading, writing, and MXit chatting for adolescents in Langa and Guguletu (December 2009) (Zọtara 2.8.2015)
* Mobile for Reading: A landscape research review (June, 2014) (Nchekwa 8.2.2015)
* Walton, M., & Donner, J. Public access, private mobile: Njikọ nke ohere nkekọrịta na Intanet mkpanaka maka ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na Cape Town. Usoro nyocha nyocha Global Impact., 1–69. (2012).  (E nwetara ya na 2.8.2015)