open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Asụsụ Naandi

**Nandi** (  ), nke a makwaara dị ka **Cemual**, bụ asụsụ Kalenjin a na-asụ na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Kenya, na mpaghara Nandi, Uasin Gishu na Trans-Nzoia . [ 2 ]

## Nhazi

## fonology
Tebụl ndị dị n'okpuru na-egosi ụdaume [ 3 ] na consonants [ 4 ] nke Nandi.

### Udaume

Nandi na-ekewa ụdaume ya dị iche iche dịka ebe ha na-ekwu okwu. A na-akpọ ha na mgbọrọgwụ ire dị elu, ma ọ bụ na-eweghachi mgbọrọgwụ ire. [ 5 ]

### Consonants

### Ụda
Nandi bụ asụsụ tonal .

## Akwụkwọ ọnụ
Na 1909, AC Hollis na Charles Eliot bipụtara *Nandi: Asụsụ ha na akụkọ ifo*, nke nwere nhọrọ nke akụkọ ifo, ilu, na ilu na Nandi nwere nsụgharị Bekee.  Nke a bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ilu:

* " *Ii-e ngetuny lel.* " "Ọdụm na-eburu hyena (nke a na-ekwu mgbe nwa na-erughị eru nna ya)." (#2)
* " *Inga-i ngom, i-ker-i-ke kumut-i?* " "N'agbanyeghị na ị nwere ọgụgụ isi, ị nwere ike ịhụ azụ olu gị?" (#4)
* " *Iok-toi kiplengoi pelio.* " "Zipu hares na enyí (ọ bụghị enyí na oke bekee; ya bụ, ọ bụ ọrụ ụmụaka ichere ndị okenye, ọ bụghị ndị okenye na ụmụaka)." (#7)
* " *Iput-i tany aku pa-kelek angwan.* " "Ohi na-ada n'agbanyeghị ụkwụ anọ ya (nwoke na-emekarị emehie, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ onye nwere ọgụgụ isi)." (#)

Nke a bụ ụfọdụ ilu ilu:

* " *Apuk ma-pa. Kina-ap-teta.* " "Ọ na-awụpụ; ọ dịghị aga. Udder ehi (ya bụ, ọ na-emepụta mmiri mmiri ma ọ nweghị ike ikwe ka mmiri na-asọpụta mgbe ọ chọrọ)." (#4)
* " *A-tinye cheptan-nyo ne-piiy-onyi mutai ko-rukut lakat. Kweyot.* " "Enwere m nwa nwanyi na-eri nri nke oma kwa ututu, ma o na-aga dina n' agu n'abali. Aziza (a na-ekpocha ulo kwa ututu)." (#7)
* " *I-ie tururik annan i-ie che-tililin.* " "Ị na-ahọrọ mmiri ruru unyi (nke dị n'ụkwụ ehi) ma ọ bụ mmiri dị ọcha? M na-ahọrọ mmiri ruru unyi (dịka m kwesịrị inwe anụ ụlọ)." (#17)

Hollis na Eliot tinyekwara ụtọ asụsụ Nandi. 

## Ntụaka
iche iche dịka ebe ha na-ekwu okwu. A na-

* 
* Creider, Jane Tapsubei; Creider, Chet A. (2001). . Available at the Internet Archive.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Bukuitab Saet, akụkụ nke Akwụkwọ nke ekpere nkịtị na Nandi (1962) nke Richard Mammana mebere ya.
Rite

N’ime Jisus Kraịst, emume ahụ nwere ike ịbịa emume dị nộ (maka ndị na-arịa mmanụ), nke nwere ike ọ gaghị abụ ihe gbasara sacrament dabere na Ndị Kraịst Okpukpe Nội (maka ndị Katọlik, ọ bụ sacrament maka ndị na-arịa ọrịa mana ọ bụghị maka Lutheranism).  Ememe okpukperechi yiri nke okpukpe Byzantium Latịn.

## Okpukpe Katọlik
Na Ụka ​​Katọlik, a na-eji "ememe" na-ezo aka na sacrament nke dị iche iche liturgies dabere na asụsụ liturgical nke omenala obodo ma na-eme ememe sacrament.  Maka ndị ụka Katọlik, dịka ọmụmaatụ, sacrament nke sacrament nke ndị ọrịa / sacrament ikpeazụ nke ndị ọrịa.  Nke ọzọ bụ Penance of the Eucharist (nke a na-eme dù ka Viaticum ma ỉ ể na onye na-ố ọọ).  Kemgbe Nzukọ Vatican nke Abụọ, a na-enye ndị ọrịa mmanụ maka ndị na-arịa ọrịa siri ike ọ bụghị ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọnwụ.  Ihe atụ ọzọ bụ Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults.  [1] Okwu ahụ bụ "ememe" bụ nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe mgbe Council Vatican nke Abụọ gasịrị.  Ọ bụ ezie na a na-ejikarị "ememe" eme ihe mgbe ọ na-enye "sacrament", ọ bụ ihe na-ezighị ezi ịsị na mmadụ natara "ememe", ihe sacrament pụtara bụ ihe a na-ekwu mgbe a na-eme ememe ahụ, ọ dị ka ememe onye ozi nke sacrament mgbe ọ na-enye sacrament.  n'aka onye ozi na-agaso emee nke mere "ememe sacramenti."".

## Okpukpe Protestant
N'ọtụtụ okpukpe Ndị Kraịst nke Protestant, a na-ejikarị okwu ahụ na-ezo aka n'ememe dị mkpa nke a na-ewereghị sacrament ma ọ bụ iwu.  Isi nke 39 nke Anglican Communion of the Methodist Church bụ "Enwere sacrament abụọ nke Kraịst Onyenwe anyị Ozioma họpụtara, ya bụ, Baptizim nke Nri Anyași nke Onyenwe anyị".  [1] [2] N'ihi ya, n'omenala Anglican na Metọdist, a na-ewere ihe mộ a dị ka emee: "nkwado, ime udo (nkumsara sịi), the marriage of faith, iwu dị nứ na ite mộ nội mội".  [3] E kwuru, “ emume nke Ụka Moravian bụ nkwenye, alụmdi na nwunye, na nhọpụta”.  [4] The Lutheran traditional, Holy Baptism, Holy Eucharist, Confession & Absolution ka a na-ewere dụ ka sakramenti Lutheran, ebe Confirmation, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Matrimony, na Holy Orders is a rite.  N'ihe gbasara liturgy, Ụka Lutheran dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ na-eji Mass dabere na Formula Missae ebe Ụka Lutheran dị n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ na-eji Byzantine Rite..

## Hụkwa

* Omenala
* Omenala olili ozu
* Omenala alụmdi na nwunye
* Ndepụta nke ememe okpukpe Ndị Kraịst

## Ihe odide
Asụsụ Meru

**Meru** bụ asụsụ Bantu nke ndị Meru ( *Ameru* ) na-asụ bụ ndị bi na mkpọda ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ na ugwu nke ugwu Kenya na n'akụkụ Nyambene. Ha biri n'ógbè a mgbe ọtụtụ narị afọ si n'ebe ugwu kwaga.

Ndị Meru bụ obodo nwere otu n'otu n'otu ma ha niile na-eketa otu agbụrụ . Ha na-asụ otu asụsụ, *Kimeru*, nwere ntakịrị ọdịiche mpaghara na ụda olu na okwu mpaghara. Obodo nwere mpaghara ndị a, site na ugwu ruo na ndịda:

* Igembe
* Tigania (Tiania) ( omenala dị nso na Kushitic na Nilotic agbata obi)
* Imenti
* Tharaka (Saraka)
* Igoji
* Mwimbi – Muthambi
* Chuka (Gicuka)

Dị ka asụsụ Meru yiri ndị agbata obi ya, Kikuyu na Embu nwere ike ịnakwere akụkụ nke Meru.

## Akpaokwu atụ

## Olumba
Kimeru nwere olumba asaa nwere nghọta. Olumba ndị a gụnyere Kiimenti nke ngalaba Imenti nke Ameru na-ejikarị, Tiania/gitia nke ndị Tigania na-eji, kiigembe nke ndị Igembe na-eji, Kimwimbi nke Mwïmbï ji, Kïmüthambï nke Müthambï na-eji, Gicuka nke Chuka na Kitharaka ji Tharaka.

### Olumba imenti
Ọ bụ olumba a na-ejikarị na Meru. Olumba a na-arụ ọrụ dị ka asụsụ asụsụ dị n'etiti ebo itoolu niile nke Meru. Ọ bụ olumba a na-asụ na Baịbụl Kimeru. A na-ejikarị ya na mpaghara Nkubu, Timau, Kibirichia, Meru na mpaghara Ruiri nke Meru County.

### Olumba Chuka, Muthambi na Mwimbi
asụsụ asụsụ dị n'etiti ebo itoolu niile nke Meru. Ọ bụ olumba**Klas aha**

Kimeru nwere klaasị aha iri na isii dịka e depụtara n'okpuru. klaasị ahụ bụ ụtọasụsụ ma na-anọchi anya otu okwu si dabara na ahịrịokwu. N'ime klaasị aha, klaasị 1, 3, 4, 9 na iri anaghị adị mgbe niile ebe ndị ọzọ na-adị mgbe niile. Nke a na-egosi na okwu ọnụ, adjectival na conjunction concords abụghị otu.

Ọmụmaatụ klas 1 amaokwu 2. class 1- Muntũ ũjũ mũraja auma Nairobi. class 2- Antũ baba baraja bauma Nairobi.

Klas 1-Onye toro ogologo a si Nairobi bịa. Klas 2. Ndị a toro ogologo si Nairobi bịa. Na klas 1 demonstrative 'nke a' bụ ũjũ, with ũ as his concord. Adjective -raja nwere mũ dị ka concord na ngwaa uma nwere a dị ka concord ya mere 'auma'. N'aka nke ọzọ na klaasị abụọ nke ọ bụla n'ime ikpe ndị dị n'elu nwere ba dị ka concord. Ihe dị iche bụ naanị na ũjũ na baba dị ka ihe ngosi bụ na klaasị niile siri ike na-eji concords okpukpu abụọ mee ihe ngosi.

Kimeru na-agbaso iwu Dahl ya mere mkpuruokwu “K” enweghị ike iso mkpụrụokwu “K’.

## Na Mgbasa ozi na Omenala Na-ewu ewu
Otu egwu egwu Kenya nke a maara dị ka High Pitch Band Afrika nke dabere na Meru County emela mkpuchi otu Despacito ama ama nke Luis Fonsi n'asụsụ Kimeru. Ebugoro mkpuchi Kimeru na YouTube na Julaị 10, 2017, wee mepụta ihe karịrị echiche 500,000 kemgbe ahụ.

Na mgbasa ozi, a na-eji asụsụ Kimeru dị ka asụsụ mgbasa ozi izizi nke ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ redio na TV na Kenya. Ụfọdụ gụnyere: Meru Fm, Muuga Fm, Weru Fm, Weru TV, Baite TV, Thiiri Fm n'etiti ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.

## Ntụaka
okwu si dabara na ahịrịokwu. N'ime klaasị aha, klaasị 1, 3, 4, 9 na iri anaghị adị mgbe niile ebe ndị

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Meru
* PanAfrican L10n ibe na Meru
* "page na Meru History
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations
Rash promise

Nkwa ngwa ngwa, nkwa na-negai isi ma ọ bụ ngwa ngwa ngwa bụ ngwa e nyere n'ọgọngịi ihe ọ ga-esi na ya thought.  Ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na akụkọ ọdịnala Oge Ochie, ọkachasị akụkọ ifo.[1][2]  Edepụtara ya na Motif-Index of Folk-Literature dị ka motif M223[3] [4] ma eleghị anya ọ sitere na ọwụwa anyanwụ..

## Ihe Nlereanya
thumb|207x207px|Salome na Isi nke Onye Na-eme Baptizim (1761)
Bible: Mak 6:14-29: Herọd Antipas na Salome nwunye Herọdịas mere Jọn Onye Na-eme Baptizim baptizim, ndị jụrụ Jọn ndụmọdụ..

Geoffrey Chaucer's "The Franklin's Tale", nke onwe ya dabere na Boccaccio's The Filocolo: Dorigen, nwanyị lụrụ nwanyị na-anọghị, kwenyere na nkwa ọzọ ọ ga-enwe bụ ọbụlagodi ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nọ n'ikpere mmiri Brittany..

Chaucer's "The Wife of Bath's Tale": onye isi, nwa okorobịa na-edina mmadụ n'ike nke a na-eyi egwu igbu ya ma ọ bụrụ na ọ pụghị ịza ajụjụ "Gịnị ka ụmụ nwanyị chọrọ?," na-ekwe nwanyị meworo okenye nkwa ihe ọ bụla ọ chọrọ ma ọ bụrụ n'ihi na ọ nwere ike inye azịza (ọ chọrọ ịlụ ya).

## Ihe odide

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

*
Riddle-tales

Riddle-tales bụ akụkọ ọdịnala nke asọmpi egwuregwu mgbagwoju anya.  Amaghị m ihe na-eme gburugburu m, mana m na-edobe ihe omimi nke oge gara aga maka ndị ga-abịa n'ọdịnihu.  Egwuregwu ndị dị otú ahụ bụ akụkụ nke asọmpi amamihe n'ozuzu.  Ìwè abụọ dùi mhapa nke quọn ọ bộ: tại tại nke eze ma ọ bộ onye isi ồng;  Ana m agbalị ịlụ.  N'ikwekọ na nke ahụ, Usoro nkewa nke Aarne-Thompson depụtara ụdị akụkọ ọdịnala abụọ gụnyere asọmpi mgbagwoju anya: AT 927, Outriddling the Judge, na AT 851, The Princess Who Can Not Solve the Riddle.  [2] Akụkọ ndị dị otú a na-agụnye azịza nke ajụjụ ndị dị omimi: 'Agaghị m ahapụ ndị na-ege m ntị..

## Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
Ihe atụ mbụ nke asọmpi amamihe dị n'etiti ndị eze bụ Sumerian epic Enmerkar nke Onyenwe Aratta, saịtị nke ọkara mbụ nke narị afọ nke abụọ BC, nke ndị Ijipt The Quarrel of Apophis na Seqenenre, nke na-egosi na narị afọ nke 13 BC papyrus banyere Fero Apophis nke Seqenenre Tao.  Akụkọ banyere Apophis nke Segenenre na Tale of Setne Khamwas nke Si-Osire, nke popu nyere ndị Rom, bụ otu akụkọ ahụ gbasara n'Ijipt.  Akụkọ ndị a adịghị agụnye ihe omimi nke ndị dị otú ahụ.

Akụkọ banyere ndị Ijipt, ikekwe saịtị ndị Gris, yiri ka ọ bụ mkpali maka akụkọ nke asọmpi amamihe dị n'etiti Fero Amasis II nke Etiopia, nke Bias maara ihe nke Priene bụ onye nyeere Fero aka idozi ihe omimi, nke Plutarch's 1st ma ọ bụ 2nd narị afọ AD Convivium Septem Sapientium.  Dịkarịa ala, otu n'ime isi mmalite Plutarch nwere ike ịbụ Romance Aesop, nke malitere na narị afọ nke anọ BC (chs 102-8, 111-23).  Aesop Romance nwere akụkọ ndị yiri ka ọ bụ asọmpi amamihe yana ụdị akụkọ Ahikar dị iche iche.. 

## Ndepụta
Ndepụta ndị a dabere na nyocha Christine Goldberg mere.  Marjorie Dundas nwere nchịkọta zuru ezu.

Christian Schneller, na narị afọ nke 19, chịkọtara akụkọ sitere na Wälschtirol (Trentino) nke yiri akụkọ Turandot: eze wakporo mba dị nso ma tụọ di na nwunye eze mkpọrọ, mana nwa ha nwoke gbapụrụ ma bụrụ onye ogbenye zụlitere. Afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, nwata nwoke ahụ gara alaeze ndị iro wee mata na nne na nna ha dị ndụ na adaeze ahụ na-anwale ndị nwere ike ịlụ ya na ihe omimi na-egbu egbu. 

Akụkọ Sri Lankan, The Riddle Princess: Terávili Kumari Kava, bụ maka idozi ihe omimi ahụ.  Nwa Rajah hụrụ onyonyo a wee rịọ onwe ya ka ọ bụrụ onye njem na-abụghị ego iji nyere ya aka, dịka akụkụ nke atụmatụ ya..

## Hụkwa

* The Riddle (akụkọ ifo) 
* Ridere nke ihe mgbagwoju anya
* Akụkọ Na-adọrọ Adọrọ Adọrọ
* Ihe ọchị

## Ebe e si nweta ya

* Archer Taylor, The Literary Riddle tupu 1600 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1948).
* Christine Goldberg, Turandot's Sisters: A Study of the Folktale AT 851, Garland Folklore Library, 7 (New York: Garland, 1993).

## Ihe odide

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* Gutierrez, Maria (2006). "Onye nzuzu nke tụpụtara ịkọ ọdịnihu na-agaghị ekwe omume: otu akụkọ Madrid nke ATU 851". Na: Culturas populares, No. 3, 2006 (n'asụsụ Spanish).
Raining cats and dogs

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|300x300px|Ihe osise na-atọ ọchị nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu nke onye England na-ese ihe nkiri bụ George Cruikshank na-egosi ahịrịokwu ahụ bụ "ụmụ nwamba na nkịta na-ezo" (na "pitchforks")
A na-eji okwu Bekee "wụn nwamba na nwamba" ma ọ bụ "wụn nwamba na nwamba" pụtara oké mmiri ozuzo.  A maghị na ọ dịghị ihe jikọrọ ya na mmiri ozuzo nke anụmanụ.[1]  Nkebi ahịrịokwu (ya na "polecats" dị ka "nwamba") adịla kemgbe ọ dịkarịa ala narị afọ nke asaa..

## Okwu mmalite
Otu nkọwa nwere ike ịgụnye usoro mmiri nke narị afọ nke asaa na Europe, ndị dara ogbenye na-enweghị ike iwepụ na mmiri, gụnyere anụmanụ ọ bụla a na-achịkọta na mmiri, ma e wezụga oké mmiri ozuzo.  A kọwara ihe omume ahụ na Jonathan Swift's 1710 "Nkọwa nke ịsa ahụ obodo."": 
 
Other definition of "dog's paws" may be nrụụ aka nke okwu Greek Katadoupoi, na-ezo aka na nsụda mội dị na Nịl, [1] possibly site na okwu French ochie catadupe ('nsụda mội').  N'asụsụ Bekee ochie, catadupe is a cataract ma ọ bộ nsụda mội.

A tụwo aro [onye?] na "Cats na nkịta" nwere ike isite n'okwu Grik , nke pụtara "nke megidere ahụmịhe ma ọ bụ nkwenkwe"; ọ bụrụ na mmiri na-ezo na nwamba na nkịta, mmiri na-ada n'ụzọ pụrụ iche.  Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị ihe akaebe iji kwado echiche ahụ na ndị na-asụ Bekee gbazitere okwu ahụ.

Asịrị a na-agbasa n'Ịntanet nke a na-ekesa n'ebe nile site na ozi-e kwuru na, na Europe na narị afọ nke 16, ụmụ anụmanụ nwere ike ịraba n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ndị nkịtị iji chọọ ebe mgbaba pụọ ​​na mbara igwe na ga-ada n'oge oké mmiri ozuzo.  Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị ihe àmà a chọtara na-akwado nkwupụta ahụ.

O nwere ike ọ gaghị enwe nkọwa ezi uche dị na ya; enwere ike iji ahịrịokwu ahụ mee ihe naanị maka uru ọchị ya na-enweghị isi, ma ọ bụ ịkọwa nnukwu mmiri ozuzo, dị ka okwu ndị ọzọ yiri ya n'asụsụ Bekee ("raining pitchforks", "raining hammer handles").

## Okwu ndị yiri ya n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ
Asụsụ ndị ọzọ nwere okwu ndị dị ịtụnanya maka nnukwu mmiri ozuzo.

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ Bekee
* Mmiri ozuzo nke ụmụ anụmanụ

## Ihe odide
Rantas

Rantas (ksksNkọwa okwu Kashmiri: [rãːas]) is an eke eke sitere in Kashmiri folk tales [1] - a woman with long hair, ezé dị nkọ, nŏh dì ogologo, na tịa a tĩọọa tĩa [2] nke na-aphu n'oge n'oge dịi snow na-acha.  .

A na-ekwu na Rantas na-atọrọ ndị ikom, na-edebe ha n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ma mesịa lụọ ha n'ihi iru uju maka ọnwụ nke onye ọ hụrụ n'anya. Ọ na-awagharị ma na-eti mkpu n'abalị ndị na-enweghị ọnwa, na-eje ije na ụkwụ ndị tụgharịrị azụ. Dị ka akụkọ ifo si kwuo, ọ na-adọta ndị njem na-amaghị ama na ịma mma ya na-adọrọ mmasị, naanị iji kpughee ọdịdị ya na-atụ egwu ozugbo a dọtara ha. E kwenyere na Rantas na-apụ naanị n'oge snow na-acha, na-achọ ụmụ okorobịa ọ na-enwe mmasị na ha, bụ ndị ọ na-atọrọ ma kpọrọ ya gaa n'ọgba ya.

Akụkọ a ma ama nke Love-Lone of Rantas bụ otu n'ime akụkọ a ma ama na Kashmir ebe nwoke a ma ama bụ Lav Lone, onye kwenyere na ọ bụ nwunye mara mma nke Rantas Nallah Ferozpora, nke ụfọdụ ndị nwere atụmatụ abụọ.  Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ malitere n'ime ọhịa Anantnag (Islamabad) na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ dị iche na ebe ahụ..

N'ọnwa Jenụwarị 2021, otu ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi dị n'ógbè ahụ gbasaa ihe nkiri nke nwere ụda nke nwanyị na-eti mkpu na nke a na-ekwu na ọ bụ nke Rantas.

## Hụkwa

* Chillai Kalan
* Bramrachokh

## Ihe odide
Ọnụ ọgụgụ Neomysis

Neomysis integer bụ ụdị opossum opossum nke a na-ahụ n'ime mmiri mmiri na-emighị emi na estuaries nke Europe, nwere ahụ na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ma ọ bụ na-acha aja aja na nnukwu cephalothorax. A na-ahụ ya n'ime mmiri na-emighị emi nke ukwuu n'ebe obibi dị elu na nke obere nnu. Ọ bụ ihe nzacha nzacha na nwanyị na-amụba àkwá ya n'ime obere akpa nwa n'okpuru cephalothorax ya.

## Nkọwa
Neomysis integer bụ obere opossum shrimp na-eto eto ruo ihe dị ka 17  in). Isi ya nwere anya abụọ buru ibu, nke nwere ogwe na antenna abụọ, nke abụọ bụ biramous (nke nwere alaka abụọ). Exopod (alaka kachasị elu) nke antenna nke abụọ na-emepụta ihe dị ogologo nke nwere bristles gburugburu ya ma gbasaa n'ihu n'ime ebe dị nkọ. Obi nwere akụkụ asatọ nke ọ bụla nwere akụkụ abụọ nke biramous, nke alaka ndị dị n'èzí nwere ọdịdị nku. Isi na akụkụ isii mbụ nke obi na-ekpuchi ya na mkpokoro nchebe nke na-agbasa n'ihu na mpempe akwụkwọ triangular nwere etiti dị n'etiti anya. Abdomen nwere aka na aka dị mkpirikpi na akụkụ ikpeazụ nwere aka buru ibu, nke dị larịị nke na-eme ka ọkpụkpụ ọdụ. telson (akụkụ ikpeazụ nke afọ n'etiti onye na-ekpuchi ọdụ) abụghị nkewa, eziokwu nke aha a na-akpọ "ntọala" mesiri ike. Opossum shrimp a na-apụta ìhè, mgbe ụfọdụ na-acha nchara nchara.

## Ebe a na-ekesa ya
Neomysis integer bụ nke a mụrụ n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Atlantic Ocean, ebe ọ na-agbasa site na Baltic Sea na North Sea ruo Mediterranean. A na-ahụ ya n'elu ala oké osimiri na mmiri na-adịghị omimi na ebe obibi ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na ebe ndị dị n"ọnụ mmiri na-adịgasị iche iche nke salinities ma nwee ike ime mgbanwe na ọkwa salinity na-agbanwe agbanwe. Ọ bụghị ihe a na-ahụkarị n'oké osimiri mepere emepe mana a na-enwekarị ya na ọdọ mmiri nnu dị elu n'ụsọ osimiri na ọdọ mmiri ndị na-abụghị mmiri. Ọ na-abụkarị mysid shrimp kachasị n'akụkụ elu nke mmiri na-adịghị nnu. Ọ dịkwa na ọdọ mmiri dị na Frisia nke jikọtara ya na oké osimiri na mbụ mana ọ nọpụrụ iche mgbe e wuru ụzọ Afsluitdijk na 1933. N'ime afọ ndị sochirinụ, mmiri oké osimiri ji nwayọọ nwayọọ ghọọ mmiri dị ọcha na Neomysis integer bụ naanị opossum shrimp dị ndụ.

## Ihe ndị dị ndụ
A na-ahụkarị shrimps opossum ndị a n'ọnụọgụ buru ibu ma na-ekpochapụ obere irighiri nri n'ime mmiri, na-eri anụ buru ibu mgbe ụfọdụ. Nri mejupụtara nke ukwuu nke detritus, mana a na-erikwa fleas mmiri na copepods. Opossum n'onwe ha na-adabakarị azụ. Na ọdọ mmiri Frisian ndị a gụnyere European perch (Perca fluviatilis), European smelt (Osmerus eperlanus), ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernua), pike-perch na-eto eto (Sander lucioperca) na mgbe ụfọdụ European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Ụmụ nwanyị nwere obere akpa nwa n'okpuru thorax nke àkwá na ụmụntakịrị na-etolite.

## Edemsibia
Tanggol Wika

Tanggol Wika bụkwa Alyansa ng Mga Tagapagtanggol ng Wikang Filipino (Alliance of Defenders of the Filipino Language) bụ nzukọ dị na Philippines nke e hiwere na 2014 site n'aka otu ndị ọkachamara 300, ụmụ akwụkwọ, ndị edemede na ndị ọkachamara omenala nke Mahadum De La Salle-Manila na isiokwu nke Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ Philippines Usoro Memorandum nke 2013,  [1] nke na-emejuputa usoro agụmakwụkwọ ọhụrụ nke gọọmentị Kcel.

Na nkwupụta ntọala ya, Tanggol Wika depụtara ebumnuche ndị a dị ka isi nkwado ya: 1) Nọgide na-akụzi ihe ọmụmụ asụsụ Filipino na ọhụrụ Philippine General Education Curriculum (GEC) na kọleji; 2) Revise Commission on Higher Education (CHED) Memorandum Order 20. usoro nke 2013; na 3) Jiri asụsụ Filipino dị ka ihe ntụziaka na isiokwu dị iche iche; na 4) Ịkpali maka agụmakwụkwọ mba na Philippines.

Na 2015, Tanggol Wika gbara akwụkwọ [1] na Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya nke Philippines (mkpesa mbụ n'asụsụ Filipino, [2] nke ndị Philippines kwadoro [3]) iji kwụsị mmejuputa iwu nke CHED Memorandum Order No. 20, Usoro nke 2013, nke megidere mmụọ nke iwu Philippine 198.  Amaara m mkpa omenala dị ka ụkpụrụ nke usoro agụmakwụkwọ Philippine si dị, ọ bụ usoro iwu na-achịkwa ndị ọrụ na ndị ọrụ nke ndị ọrụ mba ọzọ - ọ bụ iwu na ndị ọrụ nke usoro iwu kwadoro ndị nkụzi..

N'ikpeazụ, Tanggol Wika nwetara mmeri mbụ n'ọgụ iwu ya megide CHED Memorandum Order No. 20, Series of 2013 mgbe Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Philippines nyere iwu mgbochi nwa oge megide iwu gọọmentị ahụ nke na-anọgide na-arụ ọrụ ruo mgbe iwu ụlọ ikpe ọzọ.

Otu agba na-agba noya maka support ya forum site, [1] [2] [3] rallies of the CHED office, [4] [5] [6] of Ombileikpe Kasị Elu, [7] of Mendiola nso Malacaña Palace and other places, [5] of social media campaigns.[8][9]  Ibe Facebook nwetara ihe karịrị 2,000 mmasị na Eprel 2016..

Ọ kpọkuru ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ka ha tinye nkwado ha n'okwu a maka ntuli aka mba Philippines nke 2016.[1].  Ana m akwalite saịtị mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi Filipino, ana m etinyekwa mmelite oge niile na okwu ndị dị ugbu a.  N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọ kpọrọ onye nta akụkọ Filipino bụ onye rịọrọ maka mgbaghara maka asụsụ Filipino mgbe ọ kpọrọ asụsụ ahụ "bullshitty" na nzaghachi na arụmụka ya na ọ bụ naanị asụsụ Filipino.[2][3]  Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bịara nzukọ ahụ bịanyekwara aka na nkwupụta (n'asụsụ Filipino) nke Senator Bongbong Marcos (onye bụ onye isi nke abụọ na ntuli aka 2016) iji gosi na Ferdinand Marcos, gọọmentị "wepụrụ ọla edo" nke Philippines.[4] [5] [6] [7].  Ọ kwadoro ACT Teachers Partylist (ndị guzobere Tanggol Wika) maka ntinye nke Bayan Muna Rep.  Neri Colmenares - onye bịanyere aka na arịrịọ nke Ụlọ Ndị Nnọchiteanya na-agbagha usoro iwu nke 12th Constitution nke Philippines, maka ntuli aka 2016.. 

## Ihe odide
Pauline Adams

OkPauline Forstall Colclough Adams (June 29, 1874 - Septemba 10, 1957) bụ onye mba Irish America nke sonyere na mkpọsa mkpọsa ahụ wee kwupụta nkwenye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya..

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Pauline Forstall Colclough na Dublin, Ireland.  Ọ kwagara United States na 1898, [1] site na Brunswick County, North Carolina, [2] wee si Norfolk, Virginia.  Ọ lụrụ dọkịta Norfolk Walter J. Adams;  Ọ malitere ọrụ ahụike ma mụọ ụmụ nwoke abụọ.

Otu Norfolk Equal Suffrage League nwere nzukọ ya na Nọvemba 18, 1910. [1] A họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi oche mbụ nke Norfolk League wee jee ozi ugboro abụọ ọzọ.[2].  N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na-akwado ndị inyom na America, ọ kwadoro usoro agha, ma jụ ịgwa President Woodrow Wilson okwu na Washington, D.C.  Ọnọdụ agha ebutela esemokwu n'etiti òtù Norfolk, bụ nke kwagara na saịtị nke isi ụlọ ọrụ State League na Richmond..

## Ihe omume ndị na-eme ka ndị mmadụ nwee ntụli aka
N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 1913, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị nnọchiteanya 300 na nnọkọ ntụli aka na Washington, DC; ọ bụ otu na ndị otu atọ si steeti Virginia.

Ọ ghọrọ onye isi oche nke alaka Norfolk nke Congress Union for Woman Suffrage site na 1917 ruo 1920. Ọ bụ onye nke abụọ na-ebu "ọkọlọtọ" mgbe a gwara Woodrow Wilson ka ọ rụọ ọrụ Selective na September 4, 1917. Ọ họọrọ ụlọ mkpọrọ kama ịkwụ ụgwọ $ 25 maka onye ọ bụla n'ụlọ ọrụ Occoquan na Fairfax County, Virginia.  Adams nọrọ n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ogologo oge.  Dị ka ọkàikpe si kwuo, ya na ndị a nwere mkparịta ụka:
 
Mgbe a tọhapụrụ ya, a kpọgara ya na mmadụ itoolu ndị ọzọ na nri abalị na Cameron House na Washington, D.C. Akwụkwọ akụkọ na-akọ na e wepụrụ ndị ahụ e jidere na mmekọrịta niile ha na ụwa ndị ọzọ ma ha enweghị akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ihe ederede n'oge a tụrụ ha mkpọrọ. A tọhapụrụ ha na Nọvemba 4, 1917. 

N'ọnwa Disemba 1917, ya na mmadụ ise ndị ọzọ gbara akwụkwọ mkpegharị ikpe na mkpebi nke Ụlọikpe Ndị Uwe Ojii, na-ebo ebubo na 'eleghara ikike ha anya n'ụlọ ikpe ikpe nakwa na enyeghị ha ikpe ziri ezi na nke na-adịghị ele mmadụ anya n'ihu'.  Arịrịọ ahụ gara nke ọma. 'Ụlọ ikpe ahụ kwenyere na ozi megide ndị suffragettes bụ ihe na-edoghị anya, n'ozuzu na ihe a na-ejighị n'aka iji kwado ikpe. '

## Ihe omume ndị ọzọ
Adams bụ onye na-akwado Esperanto. 

Na 1913, o kere egwuregwu abụọ na steeti Virginia na Maryland;  ka anyị nụ ego nke ndị natara ọrụ ahụ. 

Mgbe Ndezinila nke Iri na-gafere n’August 1920, ọ chọrọ ihe ọmụma ọhụrụ.  Ọ gafere ụlọ mmanya na 1921 wee bụrụ nwanyị nke abụọ na-eme iwu na Norfolk.  N'ihe gbasara ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị, a na m arụ ọrụ na mkpọsa Sarah Lee Fain na ọ na-agba ọsọ maka kansụl obodo enweghị ihe ịga nke ọma.  Ọ nwụrụ n'ihi nkụchi obi na 1957 ma lie ya na Elmwood Cemetery na Norfolk . 

## Ihe odide
Marjorie Boulton

Marjorie Boulton (7 Mee 1924 - 30 Ọgọst 2017) bụ onye edemede Bekee na Esperanto nke Britain. . 

## Akụkọ ndụ
Marjorie Boulton gụrụ Bekee na Somerville College, Oxford, ebe C. S. Lewis gụrụ JR R. Tolkien.  Ọ bụ onye ndoro-ndoro maka 2008 Nobel Prize in Literature. 

Ọ kụziri akwụkwọ Bekee na ọzụzụ ndị nkuzi na (site na 1962 ruo 1970) dị ka onye isi kọleji ruo afọ 24 tupu ọ gbanwee na nyocha na ide oge niile. Ọ bụ onye edemede a ma ama na Esperanto. Boulton n'afọ ndị ikpeazụ ya bụ onye isi oche nke òtù Esperanto abụọ, Kat-amikaro  na ODES . 

Zamenhof: Onye Okike Esperanto - akụkọ ndụ L. L. Zamenhof nke Routledge & Kegan Paul bipụtara na London na 1960. A na-eji otu usoro ederede ahụ n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ: The Anatomy of Poetry (1953), The Anatomy of Prose (1954), The Anatomy of Drama (1960), The Anatomy of Language (1960), The Anatomy of Language (1960). tomy nke ọmụmụ akwụkwọ.  (1980).  Akwụkwọ mbụ ya bụ Preliminaries: Poems (1949).  Akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ gụnyere mkpirisi akụkọ, nke e dere n’asụsụ Esperanto, bụ́ nke ọ mụtara na 1949. [1] O dekwara Saying What We Mean (1959), Words in Real Life (1965) na Reading in Real Life (1971).  Ọ tụgharịrị Harivansh Rai Bachchan Madhushala (1935) ka ọ bụrụ Bekee.

Boulton bụ onye otu na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Universal Esperanto Association (UEA), Esperanto Association of Britain (EAB) na ọtụtụ ìgwè Esperanto, yana onye nnọchi anya UEA, ebe ọ na-ekwu okwu, kụzie, ma dee isiokwu.

Site na 1957 ruo 1962, ọ ghọrọ odeakwụkwọ nke International Summer University (ISU), nke a na-eme kwa afọ dịka akụkụ nke Esperanto World Congress.  Site na 1961 ruo 1967, ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ nke Esperanto World Federation (UEA) Commission for International Examination.  Ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 25, ọ kuziri ụlọ akwụkwọ okpomọkụ nke Esperanto na Barlaston, ndịda Stoke-on-Trent.  Ọ bụ onye otu Society of British Esperanto Teachers (1969) na onye otu Academy of Esperanto kemgbe 1967.. 

## Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ
 

## Ihe odide


## Njikọ mpụga

* Mgbasa ozi metụtaraMarjorie Boultonna Wikimedia Commons
* Nkwupụta ndị metụtaraMarjorie Boultonna Wikiquote
Renato Corsetti

thumb|Corsetti na 2016
Renato Corsetti (29 Maachị 1941 - 1 February 2025) bụ onye ọchụnta ego Ịtali bụ onye jere ozi dịka onye isi oche nke Universal Esperanto Association n'etiti 2001 na 2007. A mụrụ na Rome, Corsetti kwadoro echiche na ndị ụwa kwesịrị inwe ike ịkparịta ụka n'asụsụ nke ha.  Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ gbasara akparamàgwà mmadụ na Mahadum Sapienza nke Rome.  Ọ bụkwa prọfesọ na International Academy of Sciences San Marino.

Corsetti lụrụ Anna Löwenstein, onye bụkwa onye Esperantist.  Saịtị Ịtali nke 1981, kamakwa nke UK na 2015.[1]  Corsetti nwụrụ na 1 February 2025, mgbe ọ dị afọ 83. 

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* (n'asụsụ Italian) Peeji ya na La Sapienza
Asụsụ Haveke

Haveke (nke a makwaara dị ka Aveke ma ọ bụ 'Aveke ) bụ asụsụ Kanak nke New Caledonia, na obodo Voh. Olumba Bwatoo dị iche .

A na-ewere asụsụ a dị ka ihe ize ndụ site na ndị na-asụ asụsụ 300 n'ụwa niile kọrọ na 1982.  Ọnụọgụ ahụ na-agbadata n'ihi mgbasawanye nke French na New Caledonia. O nweghị ụmụaka na-asụ Havake. 

## Ntụaka

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ụgbọ mmiri na olumba nke mpaghara Koné (New Caledonia) (n'asụsụ French) - site na Google Books.
Fernand Delmotte

**Fernand L. Delmotte** (24 Julaị 1920 – 4 Julaị 1998) bụ onye agha Belgium na- alụ agha Belgium na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị sitere na otu ama dika Socialist Party bụ onye Senator, Minista na onye otu European Parliament maka French Electoral college nke si afọ 1979 ruo afọ1984 .
Maurice Destenay

**Maurice Jean Léon Destenay** ( ; 18 Febrụwarị 1900 - 1 Septemba 1973) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na - emesapụ aka nke Belgium . Destenay bụ onye nkuzi na onye nkuzi wee bụrụ onye guzobere na onye ntụzi akwụkwọ akụkọ kwa ọnwa bu *Action Libérale* . Ọ ghọrọ ihe ama dika alderman na burgomaster (1963–1973) na Liege  na onye otu nzuko omeiwu (1949–1965) na mpaghara Liege. N'agbata  afọ 1954 na 1958, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke  otu ndiLiberal Party .
Emile Digneffe

**Emile Edouard Charles Louis Digneffe** ( ; 20 Disemba 1858 - 16 June 1937) bụ onye ọka iwu n' obodo blelguim, onye ọchụnta ego, onye ọchụnta ego, onye ndọrọndọrọ Walloon na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emesapụ aka.

Ọ bụ onye ama dika alderman na burgomaster nke  Liège, onye otu Ndị omeiwu Belgium na Onye isi oche nke Senate Belgium site na 27 Disemba 1932 ruo 11 Ọgọst 1934.
Jean Duvieusart

**Jean Pierre Duvieusart** 10 Eprel 1900  – 10 Ọktoba 1977) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo Belgium nke PSC-CVP onye jere ozi dịka praịm minista nke Belgium site na Jun ruo Ọgọst afo 1950.

## Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
Jean Duvieusart bụrụ onye otu Chamber nke ndị nnọchi anya n'afọ 1944, na-eje ozi ruo afọ 1949, mgbe ọ ghọrọ onye otu Senate .  Ọ bụ onye otu Senate ruo afọ 1965. 

Duvieusart gara ozi dị ka onye minista na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba (1947-1950 na 1952-1954). 

N'afọ 1950, ọ gara ozi ọnwa abụọ dị ka Prime Minista nke 36 nke Belgium mana ọ gbara arụkwaghịm mgbe a chụpụrụ Eze Leopold III . 

Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Ndị omeiwu Europe(1964-1965).

Ọ hapụrụ PSC n'afọ 1965 wee bụrụ onye isi ala yana onye nchoputa nke ndiRassemblement wallon  na Front Democratique des Bruxellois Francophones (FDF) (1968–1972).

## Ndụ onwe onye
Na 8 Julaị afọ 1930, Duvieusart lụrụ Blanche Dijon (18 Nọvemba 1907 – 24 Febụwarị 1984) wee mụọ ụmụ nwoke atọ na otu nwa nwanyị, Philippe (amụrụ afọ 1932), Léopold (amụrụ afọ 1933), Étienne (amụrụ afọ 1935) na Thérèse (1939).
Lena Karpunina

.

## Ndụ
.O hiwere, ya na ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ ndị ọzọ, Washington State Philological Society, nke jikọtara ya na usoro edemede "Eastern" nke usoro kalenda America.  N'otu oge ahụ, ọ chọrọ ọkwa dị ka onye prọfesọ asụsụ Chinese na Mahadum Washington dị na Seattle Na mbido 1903, ọkàikpe gọọmenti etiti James Wickersham kpọrọ ya ka ọ bịa na Alaska dị ka ọkàiwu.  Na 1905, a họpụtara ya dị ka onye isi oche mbụ nke American Esperanto Association e hiwere ọhụrụ, mana ọ nweghị ike ịpụ n'ụlọ. 

## Ihe odide
A maara Karpunina maka onyinye ya nke Akwụkwọ Esperanto, nke ọ malitere na mmalite 1990s [1] [2] O bipụtara akwụkwọ abụọ na Esperanto, akụkọ dị mkpirikpi abụọ: La Bato ("The Blow") nke 2001 na Neokazinta Amo ("Ịhụnanya na-adịghị akwụ ụgwọ") nke 2007. [1] [3] E bipụtara akụkụ abụọ ahụ dịka akụkụ nke Emishle.  Enyerekwa m ya magazin bụ́ Esperanto Monato, nke e dere n’okpuru aka “REGO”.  [1] Ọrụ ahụ dabeere na ahụmahụ nke nwata ya na Tajikistan, [1] na akụkọ ọ bụla ọ dị mkpụmkpụ dị ka "mmadụ mmadụ" na "oge a.". 

Ọrụ ya mere ka o nweta ihe nrite dị iche iche na asọmpi nka nke Universal Esperanto Association.  N'afọ 2010, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye otu Akademio de Esperanto,  ọ bụkwa onye otu Akademios Literatura de Esperanto.[eo] 

## Ihe odide


## Njikọ mpụga
Boris Kolker

Boris Grigorevich Kolker (Russian; amuru Julaị 15, 1939, na Tiraspol, Moldavian ASSR, Soviet Union) bụ onye ntụgharị asụsụ na onye ntụgharị asụsụ Esperanto gburugburu ụwa.   Ọ bụ nwa amaala Soviet Union nke Russia ruo 1993 ma kemgbe ahụ ọ bụ nwa amaala United States na Cleveland, Ohio.   Na 1985, e nyere ya Ph.D.   Institute of Linguistics nke Academy of Sciences nke USSR na Moscow.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Dr.  Kolker mụtara Esperanto n'afọ 1957, ma o dekwara otu akụkọ gbasara asụsụ mba ọzọ.  Akwụkwọ kacha ewu ewu bụ: Vojajo en Esperanto-lando (Jejm na Esperanto-Land), nke bụ ntuziaka maka Esperanto na ntuziaka maka omenala Esperanto..

Kolker bụ onye otu Academy of Esperanto, [1] onye otu nsọpụrụ nke World Esperanto Association (Universala Esperanto Asocio), na onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Monato kwa ọnwa.  Ruo afọ 20, ọ bụ onye isi nke akwụkwọ Esperanto Russia kasị ukwuu, nke gụchara ụmụ akwụkwọ 900 Ọ kụziiri Esperanto na Mahadum America nke San Francisco na Hartford..

Ugbu a ọ na-agba akwụkwọ nkuzi Esperanto International Proficiency Correspondence Esperanto ma bụrụkwa osote onye isi oche nke International Examination Board maka International League of Esperanto Instructors (ILEI).  N'oge dị iche iche ọ bụ onye na-eduzi kọmitii nke World Esperanto Association (Universala Esperanto Asocio), onye nchoputa na onye ndu nke òtù Esperanto nke mba na Soviet Union na Russia.  Ọ kụzirila okwu ma kwuo okwu n'ihu ọha n'ọtụtụ ọgbakọ mba ụwa nke Esperanto na na 2000 ọ duziri isiokwu nke 85th World Congress of Esperanto na Tel-Aviv..

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

### Thesis doctoral

* Mmetụta asụsụ Russian na mmepe na mmepe nke Esperanto [permanent dead link ] (The contribution of the Russian language to the emergence and development of Esperanto). - Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences, Linguistic Institute, 1985. - 23 p. Nkọwapụta nke thesis doctoral n'asụsụ Russian.

### Akwụkwọ nkuzi

* *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070318013609/http://en.lernu.net/kursoj/kolker/index.php Vojaĝo na Esperanto-lando. Perfektiga usoro nke Esperanto kaj Gvidlibro pri la Esperanto-kulturo.]*  (Njem na Esperanto-Land. Nkwado na Esperanto na Akwụkwọ Nduzi maka Omenala Esperanto).
* *[http://www.esperanto.mv.ru/Lernolibro/index.html Lernolibro de la lingvo Esperanto. Ọ bụ obere oge ka a na-akụzi ihe.]*.  (Akwụkwọ nkuzi Esperanto. Elementary course.) 
* *[https://web.archive.org/web/20090220180647/http://www.esperanto.mv.ru/Esp16/index.html Esperanto na 16]* Ekspres-kurso.  (Esperanto na ụbọchị 16. Express-course.) 
* *[https://web.archive.org/web/20101122130208/http://e-novosti.info/forumo/viewtopic.php?t=4103 Internacia lingvo Esperanto. Akwụkwọ zuru ezu.]*  (Asụsụ mba ụwa Esperanto. Akwụkwọ nkuzi zuru ezu.)  
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Asụsụ Gurdjar

**Gurdjar** (Kurtjar) bụ asụsụ Paman nke Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia.  Enwere olumba abụọ, Gurdjar kwesịrị ekwesị (Gunggara, Kunggara), na Rip (Ngarap, Areba).  Dị ka UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages ​​in Danger si kwuo, a na-ekewa asụsụ ahụ dị ka ihe kpochapụrụ.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mgbochiume

### Ụdaume

Kurtjar nwekwara diphthong /ua/ .

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ Mayi-Kulan

**Mayi-Kulan** bụ asụsụ Mayi ekpochapụlarị nke a na-asụbu na Cape York Peninsula nke Queensland, Australia.

Mayi-Kulan na olumba ya nwere ike ịbụ olumba Ngawun / Wunumara.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mgbochiume

* N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke Mayi, /l̠j/ na Mayi-Thakurti, na Wunumara bụ phonemic.

### Ụdaume

## Vokabulari
N'okpuru bụ ndepụta okwu bụ isi sitere na Blake (1981) .

Bekee

Nwoke

Nwayi

Nne

Nna

Isi

Anya

Imi

Nti

Onu

Ire

Eze

Aka

Ara

Afo

Mamiri

Nsi

Akuku ukwu

Ukwu

Okpukpu

Obara

Nkita

Agwo

Kangaroo

Possum

Azu

Igude

Anwunta

Emu

Eaglehawk

Anwu

Onwa

Kpakpabdo

Okwute

Mmiri

Oku

Ahuruoku

Nri

Anu

Gwuru

Tukwuru

Lee

Gawa

Nwete

Suo

Mu

Gi

otu

abuo

## Ntụaka

# Breen, Gavan (1981). Asụsụ Mayi nke Queensland Gulf obodo. Canberra: AIAS.  pp. 21-31.
# Blake, Barry J. (1981). Asụsụ Aboriginal Australia: nkowa gburugburu. London: Angus na Robertson Publishers. ISBN 0-207-14044-8.
Asụsụ Lendamboi

**Lendamboi**, **Letemboi**, ma ọ bụ Small Nambas, bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ime obodo Malekula nke Vanuatu.

## Njikọ mpụga

* A na-etinye ihe ndị dị na Karnai na nchịkọta Arthur Capell (AC2) na nchịkọta ASMPI nke Paradisec nwereParadaịs

## Ntụaka

# Lendamboi na Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015). Repanbitip na Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
# Asụsụ ndị nọ n'ihe egwu na-arụ ọrụ data maka Niolean
Claude Eerdekens

**Claude Eerdekens** (amụrụ Mee 13, afọ 1948, na Ougrée ), bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Belgium, onye burgomaster nke Andenne site n' afọ 1979 ruo afọ 2024, yana onye otu Socialist Party .

## Akụkọ ndụ
Ọ bụ onye ndoro-ndoro na ntuli aka mpaghara nke Jun 13, 2004, wee họpụta ya na nzuko omeiwu ndi Walloon. Na Julaị 19, 2004, ọ ghọrọ Minista nke obodo French dị na Belgium na-ahụ maka ọrụ obodo na egwuregwu. Na Decemba 2004, esemokwu bilitere na ikpe nke doping bụ nke onye ọkpụkpọ tennis Russia bụ Svetlana Kuznetsova, bụ onye nwalere ihe dị mma maka ephedrine, kwuru na ọ gụnyere. n'oge ihe ngosi ngosi na Charleroi, mgbe Minista Eerdekens kpughere nsonaazụ njikwa a ntakịrị ngwa ngwa na ndị nta akụkọ.

A họpụtara ya ọzọ na Ụlọ ndị nnọchiteanya mgbe ntuli aka nke Jun 10, 2007, ọ hapụrụ gọọmentị nke obodo French. Michel Daerden weghaara nkà ya ma jiri Marc Tarabella dochie ya.

N' onwa Julaị 16, afọ 2007, ọ laghachiri na nzuko omeiwu Walloon dị ka onye nnọchi anya Minista Éliane Tillieux . Na Jenụwarị 14, 2011, Claude Eerdekens kparịrị Flander nationalist Bart de wever n'oge a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na channel namuroise na Bouké .  

N' ọnwa Maachị afọ 2011, ọ mejọrọ mmegide nke Kansụl Obodo Andenne.  Onye minista na-ahụ maka ilekọta ndị ọchịchị obodo kpọrọ ya ka o nye iwu.

Na ọkwa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, Claude Eerdekens tụrụ aro ka e mepụta iwu dị iche iche iji lụso extremism ọgụ; iwu na-alụ ọgụ megide negationism, revisionism, ịgọnarị nke mpụ ndị Nazism mere nakwa dị ka iwu na-abụghị ego nke ndị na-abụghị onye kwuo uche ndị ọzọ. Na ntuli aka ime obodo nke afọ 2012, a họpụtara ya ọzọ onye isi obodo Andenne . 

Claude Eerdekens bụ onye ọrụ nke ndị ama dika Order nke Leopold . Ọ na-akwado rattachism nke Wallonia na France. 

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Karel Píč

thumb|Ili Karel Píč na ili ozu Litomyšl
Karel Píč (Esperanto: Karolo Piĉ; 6 Disemba 1920 - 15 Ọgọst 1995) bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ Czech Esperantists, [1] [2] [3] otu n'ime Academy of Esperanto, [4] onye edemede nke akụkọ mkpirisi, edemede na akwụkwọ nke Esperanto..  [5]  [5] [6] [5] [4] [5] [6]    

## Ọrụ ya n'akwụkwọ Esperanto
Karel Píč bụ onye edemede Esperanto nwere mmetụta.[1][2][3]  O webatara nwekwara ọtụtụ okwu ọhụrụ, ndị na-ese okwu.[4]  Ewezuga okwu ọhụrụ, a maara na Esperanto bụ nnwale;  Ụfọdụ ndị na-akọwa ihe m na-ahụ n'anya m na-akpọ ya "picido" na echere m na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ dị ka asụsụ ọzọ..

Ọrụ ya kachasị ama, nke na-egosi nnwale asụsụ ya, [1] bụ akụkọ ndụ ya La Litomiŝla tombejo (The Litomyšl Cemetery) (1981) nke e dere n'obodo Litomyšle.  Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ hapụrụ Píč n'ebe ili ozu úe, o nwekwara okwu Czech bụ "Esperantský spisovatel" ("Onye edemede nke Esperanto".").

"Concise Encyclopedia of the Original Literature of Esperanto" na-akọwa otú ọtụtụ ndị Esperantists si eche banyere mkpa Ili Litomiŝla tombejo dị.  Osmo Buller kwuru na "ọ bụ akwụkwọ kacha mkpa na Esperanto", Jorge Camacho kwuru na ọ bụ "ikekwe akwụkwọ kacha mkpa na Esperanto".  Onye edemede Esperanto, William Auld, tinyere akwụkwọ ahụ na ndepụta ndị edemede Esperanto oge ochie. 

## Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara

* Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi
** **Ekkrioj nke Georgino** (Georgia's Cries) 
** Fabeloj el transe (Akụkọ ifo sitere n'akụkụ nke ọzọ) 
** Ọjà Devid
** **Aboco** (ABC) 
** **Angoro** (Anguish) 
* Akwụkwọ akụkọ
** Litomiŝla tombejo (Ebe ili ozu Litomyšl) 
** Ordeno de verkстат (The Order of Writers - bipụtara mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na 1997) 
** Mistero de tri unuoj (**Ihe omimi nke atọ**) 
** **Bermuda triangle** (The Bermuda Triangulo) 
** Ọnọdụ nke Asịrị
* Isiokwu
** **Nnukwu nkwenkwe ụgha** (The Grand Superstition) 
* Ihe odide
** **Kritiko kaj recenzistiko na Esperanto** (Nkatọ na nka nke nyocha na Esperanto) 
** La interna vivo nke Esperanto (The Inner Life of Esperanto) 
** **Esperantaj neologismoj** (Esperanto Neologisms, Esperantista 1949, peeji nke 57, 65) &nbsp;

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* [Ọrụ Karel Píč na Austrian National Library na Vienna](https://archive.today/20121230090631/http://search.obvsg.at/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=0&vl(1UI0)=contains&frbg=&scp.scps=scope:(ONB_aleph_esperanto)&tab=onb_sondersammlungen&dstmp=1321535973264&srt=rank&ct=search&mode=Basic&dum=true&tb=t&indx=1&vl(freeText0)=Karolo+Pi%C4%8D&vid=ONB&fn=search)
* Ọrụ Karel Píč na German National Library na Leipzig
* Karel Píč na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gbasara ndị edemede Esperanto
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ banyere Karel Píč
Marcel Florkin

**Marcel Florkin** ( Liège, 15 Ọgọst 1900 – 3 Mee 1979) bụ onye na-ahụ maka biochemist si Belgium ..Florkin gụsịrị akwụkwọ n' afọ 1928 dị ka dọkịta na nkà mmụta ọgwụ wee bụrụ n'afọ 1934 prọfesọ nke biochemistry na Mahadum Liège . Ọ lara ezumike nká dị ka prọfesọ emeritus n'afọ 1970. 

N' afọ 1951, ọ bụ onye mmalite nke Belgian Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology . Ya na Christian de Duve, na ndị ọzọ, o dere a aro maka ụkpụrụ nke nakweere n'afọ 1952, na mbụ nzuko nzuko. N'afọ 1944, o bipụtara akwụkwọ (a sụgharịrị gaa na Bekee na 1949) gbasara evolushọn biochemical, nke ọ kọwara mkpa evolushọn maka ịghọta ọdịiche dị na metabolism na etemeete kemịkalụ n'etiti ụdị dị iche iche dị iche iche.  N'afọ ndị sochirinụ, o tinyere ụkpụrụ nke biosemiotics (ihe ngosi bayoloji) na biochemistry. N'afọ 1946, e nyere Marcel Florkin Nkà mmụta sayensị na ahụike.. Ọ bụ onye otu *Association maka ọganihu ọgụgụ isi na nka nke Wallonia* .
Michel Foret

**Michel Foret** (amụrụ 19 Eprel 1948) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị yana onye ọka iwu Belgium . Ọ bu onye otu nke Reformist Movement, ọ bụ onye ọchịchị ugbu a nke Liège Province kemgbe 11 Februari 2004. 
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Edgard Frankignoul

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Edgard Frankignoul
**Edgard Frankignoul** (1882–1954) bụ onye Belgium na emepụta ihe.
Jean-Maurice Dehousse

**Jean-Maurice Dehousse** (11 Ọktoba afọ 1936 - 9 Febụwarị afọ 2023) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Belgium. Ọ bụ onye otu Ndị omeiwu nke Europe n'etiti afọ 1999 na 2004 dị ka onye otu Parti Socialiste . Dehousse bụ Minista-President nke mbụ na nke atọ nke Wallonia. 

## Ndụ na ọrụ
A mụrụ Jean-Maurice Dehousse na Liège . Mgbe Dehousse gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Europe, ọ gara Beverly Hills, United States, bụ ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ otu afọ na 1955.  N'afọ 1960, ọ natara Dọkịta Iwu ya na Mahadum Liège na akara ugo mmụta n'ihe ọmụmụ mba ụwa na ụlọ akwụkwọ ama dika Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies - SAIS nke Mahadum Johns Hopkins, na Washington, DC (US) na 1961. Site n' afọ 1962 ruo afọ 1965, Dehousse rụrụ ọrụ na FNRS, Belgian National Fund for Scientific Research, ghọrọ onye inyeaka na Institute for European Legal Studies na Mahadum Liège na 1966. Ọ jere ozi dị ka onye nnọchiteanya nke General Federation of Belgium Labour mgbe na Mahadum Liège. 

N' afọ 1971, a họpụtara Dehousse ka ọ bụrụ onye otu nzuko omeiwu na-anọchite anya Liège, na-aghọ Minista maka Omenala French n'afọ 1977, na-adịgide n'ọnọdụ ahụ ruo afọ 1978. Site n'afọ 1979 ruo afọ 1985, Dehousse jere ozi dị ka onye otu gọọmentị Belgium n'ọtụtụ ọrụ gbasara Wallonia . N'ime oge ahụ, n' afọ 1981, a họpụtara Dehousse ka ọ bụrụ Senator wee bụrụ onye isi ala mbụ nke Walloon Region . Na &#x5D; ** &#x5B; họpụtara ya onye minista maka amụma sayensị, hapụ gọọmentị n'afọ 1995 ka ọ bụrụ onye isi obodo Liège. Na 16 Septemba  afọ 1999, Dehousse ghọrọ onye otu nzuko omeiwu Europe na-anọchite anya Belgium dị ka onye so na Parti Socialist . Na 19 Julaị 2004, oge izizi ya na naanị ya kubiela.  

N' ọnwa Ọgọst afọ 2009, Dehousse nwetara ịwa ahụ prostate n'ụlọ ọgwụ Belgium.  Ọ nwụrụ na 9 Februari 2023, mgbe ọ dị afọ 86. 

## Ntụaka

Otú:All articles with unsourced statements
John Elfed Jones

**John Elfed Jones** CBE (amụrụ na 19 Machị 1933) bụ onye ọchụnta ego Welsh na onye na-akwado asụsụ, onye jigoro oche oche nke ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ọha na Wales.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ John Elfed Jones na 19 Machị 1933, nwa Urien Maelgwyn Jones na Mary Jones. A zụlitere ya na Maentwrog, ebe nna ya rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa maka North Wales Power Company .

Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Blaenau Ffestiniog Grammar School na Denbighshire Technical College, Wrexham, tupu ọ gụọ akwụkwọ na Heriot Watt College na Edinburgh. 

Ọ sonyeere Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB) dị ka nwa akwụkwọ na-amụ ọrụ (1949-1953), ebe ọ bụ onye na-agụsị akwụkwọ site na 1953 ruo 1955. Mgbe ọ rụchara ọrụ mba na RAF, ebe e nyere ya ọrụ dị ka onye isi ụgbọ elu, ọ laghachiri na CEGB na 1957. 

## Ọrụ
Jones sooro nna ya banye na North Wales Power Company,  na mbụ dị ka injinia teknụzụ. Ọ bụ osote onye njikwa ọrụ maka mmepe nke Ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ eletrik Rheidol ma rụọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ nuklia Trawsfynydd tupu ọ bụrụ osote onye nchịkwa nke ụlọ ọrụ ike nke etiti Wales.

Jones hapụrụ CEGB mgbe naanị ohere nkwalite ga-agụnye ịkwaga England. N'afọ 1967, ọ sonyeere Anglesey Aluminium dị ka onye njikwa injinia, e buliri ya n'ọkwa osote onye isi nchịkwa n'afọ 1977.

Site na 1979 ruo 1982 Jones bụ onye isi ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ụlọ ọrụ Welsh na Cardiff. Na 1982, a họpụtara ya Onye isi oche nke Welsh Water Authority wee leba anya na nkeonwe ya na 1989 iji guzobe mmiri Welsh..N'afọ 1988, ọ ghọrọ Onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Asụsụ Welsh. Ọ hapụrụ ọrụ na 1993 na na 1997 ọ ghọrọ Onye isi oche nke National Assembly's Advisory Group.

Site na 1996 ruo 2006 Jones bụ onyeisi oche nke International Greetings plc, nnukwu onye na-emepụta akwụkwọ mkpuchi onyinye, kaadị ekele na crackers Krismas nke isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Hirwaun dị nso na Aberdare.  

## Esemokwu
Rhodri Morgan, onye bụ Minista mbụ nke Wales n'oge ahụ, na ndị ọzọ mechara katọọ itinye aka Jones na Welsh Water Authority nke ọha na eze n'ihi nkwalite nkwalite nke so na ọrụ ya.

N'afọ 2001, Jones dere otu isiokwu na magazin asụsụ Welsh Barn, nke a katọrọ n'ọtụtụ ebe maka iji "ndị si n'èzí" na-abata na Wales tụnyere ntiwapụ nke "ọrịa ụkwụ na ọnụ mmadụ". Ndị Welsh Labour Party zaghachiri na ịkụda mmụọ ndị na-asụbeghị Welsh ịkwaga n'ebe ụfọdụ agaghị echebe ma ọ bụ kwalite Asụsụ Welsh. N'ihi ihe o kwuru, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị ọrụ abụọ na-asụ Welsh nke onye nta akụkọ Ian Skidmore kọọrọ Commission for Racial Equality.

## Nsọpụrụ na ọdịiche
E nyere Jones ihe nrite CBE na 1987 New Year Honours. 

Eserese Jones, nke Peter Douglas Edwards dere, ka egosiri n'ọbá akwụkwọ onye guzobere na Mahadum Wales Atọ n'Ime Otu Saint David na Lampeter, nke ọ bụụrụ onye isi ala na 1992–1998. 

Y Lolfa bipụtara akụkọ ndụ ya, Deep Waters na 2013.

## Ntụaka

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations
Michael Gamper

Canon Michael Gamper (1885-1956) bụ onye ụkọchukwu Austria nke biri na Tyrol n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ.  Ọ bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke mpaghara esemokwu nke bụ Austria na Italy ugbu a.

Nke na-acha ọcha bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ Südtiroler Volksbote na Dolomiten.

## Ndụ
thumb|Volksboten nke Michael Gamper, 2. Ọktoba 1919
thumb|"Dolomiten"
A mụrụ ya na 7 Eprel 1885 na Tisens na ndịda Alps, nwa mbụ Michael Anton Gamper, onye lụrụ Elisabeth Sulzer.  Ọ bụ ụmụ m.

Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Benedictine High School na Merano wee gaa na Mahadum Innsbruck ka ọ mụọ nkà mmụta okpukpe.  Ọ bụ onye otu ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ akwụkwọ Asthsia, nke na-ejikọta mmanya na mkparịta ụka.  Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ banyere na seminarị nke Trento.  Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a họpụtara ya na 1908 ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye ụkọchukwu n'ọtụtụ obodo nta: Girlan, Altrei, Laives na Barbian. . 

Ọ dị afọ iri abụọ, ma ọ ghọrọ Canon n'obodo Bolzano.  Aemilian Onye Okike bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ ọhụrụ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ Südtiroler Volksbote (onye ozi ndị South Tyrolean).). 

Mgbe Agha Ụwa Mbụ gasịrị, akụkụ ndịda nke County Tyrol dị n'Ịtali jikọtara ya na mpaghara South Tyrol na-asụ German.  Ndụ ndị obodo ahụ adịghị mma.  E hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ Catacomb iji kuziere ụmụaka German na nzuzo.  Angela Nicoletti nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na ise.

Ọ bụ ezie na a machibidoro Volksbote iwu n'ihi iji German eme ihe. Ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ siri ike ịkọwapụta: Ọ bụ onye na-emegide ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye na-eguzogide ndị Kọmunist, mana (n'ihi okpukpe ya karịa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị) ọ bụkwa onye na-eme ihe ike na ndị Juu. Ya mere, ọ nọ n'etiti ụzọ. N'ụzọ dị oke egwu, ọ chọrọ nnwere onwe na nkwenye nke mpaghara ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ na-asụ German na-enweghị ịnakwere mba Germany.

N'afọ 1921, ọ ghọrọ  isi oche nke alaka ụlọ ọrụ na-ebipụta akwụkwọ Tyrolia Verlag [de], nke a gbanwere aha ya bụ Athesia. N'afọ 1924, o dere iji mee mkpesa maka ogbugbu nke onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ Franz Innerhoffer site n'aka ndị Fascist n'ememe obodo (nke a na-enyeghị ntaramahụhụ). 

N'afọ 1925, o nwetara ikike n'aka Vatican ịmalite ibipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ asụsụ German ọzọ wee malite *Dolomiten* (The Dolomites). E bipụtara ya na mbụ n'ụbọchị Krismas 1926. 

N'afọ 1933, Hitler weghaara ọchịchị. Hitler weghaara Austria na ndị South Tyroleans na mbụ hụrụ ya dị ka onye nwere ike ịtọhapụ. Nsogbu ndị ọzọ bilitere site n'ọchịchị ndị Nazi ma Gamper malitere ikwu okwu megide iwu German euthanasia a nabatara megide ụmụaka nwere nkwarụ (Action T4). Gamper bụ otu n'ime ndị mbụ bipụtara edemede banyere nchegbu ya, nke aha ya bụ "A Terrible Suspicion".

N'ọgwụgwụ nke agha ahụ, nkwekọrịta Paris enweghị afọ ojuju n'ihi na ọ nweghị ikike ikpebiri onwe ya..

## Ihe Nketa
A na-akpọ ọtụtụ okporo ụzọ aha Gamper na South Tyrol, gụnyere Bolzano, Klobenstein, Laives, Ritten na Lienz..

* *Athanasius* (1927)
* *The South Tyrol Jubilee* (1946)
* *The German Ethnic Group of the South Tyrol, Yesterday and Today* (1954)

## Ihe odide