open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Alphadi

**Alphadi** (onye agụrụ **Sidahmed Seidnaly** ; 1 June 1957) bụ onye na-emepụta ejiji na obodo ana kpo Niger, aha ọzọ nke eji mara ya bu "Onye dibịa anwansi nke Ozara". Ọ bụ onye Mauritania, sitere n'agbụrụ dị elu, n'akụkụ nne na nna ya. A mụrụ Alphadi na Timbuktu, Mali, mana ọ kwagara na nne na nna ya bụ Niger mgbe ọ dị obere.

Alphadi gụrụ akwụkwọ na Cardon Savard Studios  na Paris, malitere akara ya na 1984, ma wepụta akara ejiji mbụ ya na 1985 na Paris International Tourism Tradeshow. Usoro ya agbasaala n' uwe egwuregwu na ihe na esi isi uto. Usoro Alphadi, nke nwere ụlọ ahịa 'Complexe Alphadi' na Niamey (na Rue Vox), Ivory Coast na Paris

N'afọ 1998, Alphadi bụ otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta ejiji atọ n'Afrịka meriri Principal Prince Claus Award ;abụọ ndị ọzọ bụ Tetteh Adzedu si Ghana na Oumou Sy.

N'afọ 1998, o mepụtara FIMA mbụ, International Festival of African Fashion nke dị na Niger..Ihe omume a nyere ndị na-emepụta ihe n'Afrịka ohere ka ha na ndị na-ese ihe mba ụwa ndị ọzọ dịka Yves Saint Laurent, Kenzo, Jean Paul Gaultier na Paco Rabanne gbakọọ. Kemgbe ahụ, ihe omume ahụ anọwo na-aga n'ihu n'afọ abụọ ọ bụla..N'afọ 2007, ọ malitere asọmpi ọhụrụ n'oge asọmpi FIMA na Hip Hop FIMA .

Alphadi na-elekọta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na Niamey na Morocco, ma na-eke oge ya n'etiti ụlọ na Niameay na Paris. Ọ lụrụ nwanyị, nna nke ụmụ isii.

A kpọrọ Alphadi onye na-ese ihe UNESCO maka udo na Jenụwarị 2016 .na Onye nnọchi anya UNESCO Goodwill maka ihe ọhụrụ na okike n'Africa na 2022.

## Onyinye

## Ihe odide

* Profaịlụ Alphadi
* Africa na-emepụta ejiji
* 360° - GÉO (ihe omume, TV5) Alphadi, nwa eze nke ejiji dị elu nke Roberto Lugones duziri, 2004. Mba: Germany / France. Oge ịgba ọsọ: 52' 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Seidnaly SidhamednaFMD

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Tony Figueira (onye na-ese foto)

**Tony Figueira** (13 Disemba 1959 na Huambo – 12 Eprel 2017 na Swakopmund ) bụ onye Namibia na-ese foto, odeakụkọ na onye ọchụnta ego. O nwere *Studio 77*, ụlọ ihe nrụpụta na Windhoek .

A mụrụ Figueira na Huambo, Angola . Ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara South West Africa mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa, ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St Paul na Windhoek .  Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na Mahadum Rhodes na Grahamstown, South Africa, wee gụchaa na 1984. Dị ka onye nta akụkọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ redio gụnyere Voice of America, yana maka akwụkwọ akụkọ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ dị ka Rand Daily Mail .  Itinye uche na foto nta akụkọ bụ Figueira mara maka idekọ oge dị mkpa na akụkọ ihe mere eme South Africa nke oge a, dịka ọmụmaatụ nleta Nelson Mandela ' apartheid gasịrị na Robben Island, na nlọghachi Sam Nujoma ' n'ala ọzọ. 

Figueira tara ahụhụ site na Multiple myeloma,  nke o mechara nwụọ na 12 Eprel 2017, dị afọ 57.  National Art Gallery nke Namibia na Eprel / Mee 2015 mere ihe ngosi iji kwado ya, nke akpọrọ *Maka Tony* . 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Studio77 - Foto Tony Figueira
Blythe Loutit

**Blythe Loutit** née **Pascoe** (14 Nọvemba 1940, na Natal, South Africa - 15 June 2005, na Namibia ) bụ onye guzobere Save the Rhino Trust (SRT), onye na-ese ihe na onye nchekwa nchekwa a na-akwanyere ùgwù. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
Nke ọdụdụ n'ime ụmụ anọ, o tolitere n'ugbo nne na nna ya na Natal wee gụọ akwụkwọ na Pietermaritzburg . N'ịbụ onye nne ya sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ, onye bụ onye na-elekọta ubi, Blythe rụrụ ọrụ ruo oge ụfọdụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ na Botanic Research Institute of South Africa wee zute Rudi Louit, di ya n'ọdịnihu, na Schoollọ Akwụkwọ Ọchịchị Wilderness na Natal. Ha lụrụ na 1973  na n'ihi na agha a na-alụ Angola na-egbochi ibi ebe ahụ, ha họọrọ maka nchekwa nchekwa nke Namibia. Rudi weere ọnọdụ na Skeleton Coast National Park ebe Blythe ji oge ya na-ese na eserese. N'ịbụ ndị na-ewe iwe site na ogbugbu nke rhinoceros na enyí na mpaghara ahụ site n'aka ndị agha South Africa Defence Force na ndị na-achụ anụ na 1980, Blythe Loutit na Ina Britz guzobere *Namibia Wildlife Trust*, afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị site na *Save the Rhino Trust* . ezubere ichekwa rhinos na enyí na savanna.

Blythe nwetara enyemaka nke ndị isi ebo, mgbasa ozi mgbasa ozi, ndị na-egwuputa ihe, ndị ọkà mmụta ihe gbasara mbara ala na ọbụna ndị agha, ma họpụta ndị ọchụ na-emezigharị ka ha bụrụ ndị nche egwuregwu. O tinyere aka n'ime obodo, tinye ndị ọrụ gọọmentị akara ma guzobe mmemme njem nlegharị anya obodo. Ndị ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị na ndị ọchụnta ego bara ọgaranya bụ́ ndị batara Namibia ịchụ nta ihe nrite, bụ ndị a na-akpọ aha n'usoro mgbasa ozi. Ebumnuche nke onwe ya kwụsịrị ikpochapụ rhino ojii na Namibia ka ọnụ ọgụgụ rhino ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-eto, ozi SRT chịkọtara wee bụrụ nke a na-ewere dị ka nke zuru oke na nke a pụrụ ịdabere na ya. Nsogbu Blythe Louit chere ihu yiri nke ahụ nwere na 1950 site n'aka Ian Player n'ịgbalị ịchekwa rhino ọcha .

Blythe gosipụtara ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na osisi Namibia,  odida obodo na anụ ọhịa, ọtụtụ n'ime ego a na-enweta na-aga na nchekwa rhino. E hiwere *Save the Rhino Trust* ka ọ nwaa ịkwụsị mbibi nke rhinoceros ojii bi n'ọzara na mpaghara Kunene ( Damaraland na Kaokoland ). Kemgbe 1982 o tinyere oge ya niile n'ọrụ rhino na Namibia.

Na 1986 Blythe nwetara onyinye IUCN Species Survival Commission's Peter Scott Merit Award yana di Rudi Louit, ihe nrite vlanahụ maka nchekwa nke ụdị dị ize ndụ na 1992, yana na 2001 BBC Award Animal Award for Conservation of a Species.

Blythe Louit nwụrụ n'ihi ọrịa kansa na 2005.

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Loutit, Blythe - *Ndepụta ndenye: Etosha National Park*, Struik Publishers,  (1-86825-629-4)
* Loutit, Blythe - *Anwansị Ime Anwansi nke Namib*, Ndị na-ebi akwụkwọ Africa,  (99916-2-178-4)
* Loutit, Blythe, Berry na Muller - *Osisi na osisi nke Etosha National Park na Northern na Central Namibia*, Namibia Scientific Society,  (99916-40-17-7)
* Loutit, Blythe, Muller na Giess - *Grasse Van Suidwes Afrika*, Namibie Direktoraat Landbou na Bosbou, Département Landbou na Natuurbewaring,  (0-620-06582-6)

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Blythe Loutit - Ụtụ   k>
* Akụkọ ndụ ''Telegraph''
Nicky Marais

**Nicky Marais**, amuru na 1962 na Rustenburg, South Africa, bu onye omenka Namibia nke bi ma na-aru oru na Windhoek . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-eme ihe nkiri na onye nkuzi. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị akara mmụta nka nke ọma na Port Elizabeth Technikon (nke bụ akụkụ nke Mahadum Nelson Mandela ugbu a), Marais kwagara Windhoek na 1987. N'ebe ahụ, ọ malitere igosi ọrụ ya wee sonye na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ nke magazin nwanyị Namibia . 

Na 2006, ọ tọrọ ntọala mkpokọta VA-N (Visual Artists Namibia). 

Na 2012, ọ ghọrọ onye isi nke ngalaba Visual Arts na College of Arts . Na mgbakwunye na ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mpaghara, o gosikwara na South Africa, Austria, na Germany. 

## Ọrụ
Marais bụ onye na-ese ihe nke ọma. O buru ụzọ rụọ ọrụ na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ụdị na agba, na-enweta mmụọ nsọ site na odida obodo Namibia - karịsịa ihe osise ọgba nke Ọzara Namib  - na akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Namibia. 

Ọrụ na-adịbeghị anya na-eji usoro stencil na collage, ebe ọ na-etinye ihe ndị achọtara n'ọrụ ya, dịka na ngosi ya *Presence in Absence* na National Art Gallery nke Namibia na 2017,  nke o lekwasịrị anya na akara ngosi ọhụrụ. 

## Hụkwa

* Omenala Namibia
* Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Namibia

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
* Nicky Marais (works and selected exhibitions)
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Koos van Ellinckhuijzen

**Jacobus Johannes "Koos" van Ellinckhuijzen** (20 Septemba 1942 - 6 Septemba 2016) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri Namibia . A kacha mara ya ama maka ọrụ ya na stampụ akwụkwọ ozi Namibia na South-West Africa . 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Van Ellinckhuijzen nye nne na nna Dutch na 20 Septemba 1942 na Pretoria, isi obodo nchịkwa nke Union of South Africa n'oge ahụ. Ọ gbasoro ọrụ agha mana, ka afọ 11 nke ọrụ gasịrị, ghọrọ onye nlekọta egwuregwu na Ngalaba Nchekwa Nature na Njem njem na South-West Africa. Na-enweghị ntụziaka ọ bụla na nka ọ dechara ihe osise anọ n'oge ahụ. Na 1979 ọ ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe oge nile. 

Van Ellinckhuijzen bụ onye nkwuwa okwu na-egosi na Namibia na United States. Ọchịchọ nke onwe ya bụ isiokwu nke ndụ onwe ya na metaphysical yana panoramas mbara igwe akụkụ atọ nke ọ kpọrọ ihe okike "Stereoptic". N'ime stampụ ya *Usoro mbara igwe*, *Halley's comet* na *Satellites na orbit* bụ ndị a maara nke ọma. Enyere ihe osise *ọmụmụ ọmụmụ* ihe nrite mbụ na ihe ngosi nka nka 3D na Rochester, NY na United States. A na-ekwu na ọ bụ ya bụ onye omenkà mbụ ji aka mee ihe osise stereo.  Adelheid Lilienthal, na *Art na Namibia*, kwuru izi ezi nke sayensị nke atụmatụ ya, ahịrị ha dị ọcha na ojiji o ji usoro agba mmiri.    N'ime isi mmalite nke mkpali ya, van Ellinckhuijzen dere na " MC Escher, René Magritte na Albert Einstein [...] ha niile hapụrụ ihe nketa ha na mkpụrụ obi Koos". 

Van Ellinckhuijzen nwụrụ na 6 Septemba 2016 na Swakopmund mgbe ọ dị afọ 73, ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe ọ nwesịrị ọrịa strok. 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* "Tribute Koos van Ellinckhuijzen (1942 ruo 2016)", mkpokọta Gondwana (Namibia), 16 Septemba 2016.
Wilhelm Sander

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Ụlọ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri mbụ nke Swakopmund, na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, otu n'ime ọrụ mbụ Sanders na German South West Africa.
thumb| Sanderburg na etiti Windhoek, obere nnukwu ụlọ Wilhelm Sander emebere maka onwe ya
**Wilhelm Sander** (10 Disemba 1860, na Berlin – 22 Nọvemba 1930, na Lüderitz ) bụ onye na- ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ  na onye ọrụ ngo na-arụ ọrụ maka Sander & Kock mara maka ọrụ ya na German South West Africa, Namibia taa.

Sander gụrụ injinia obodo na Höxter, Germany . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Berlin tupu ya abanye na German Colonial Society for South West Africa [ de ; es ] na ịlaghachi German South West Africa na 1901. 

Otu n'ime ọrụ mbụ ya bụ ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Swakopmund, nke e wuru na 1901, na Swakopmund Lighthouse (1902).  Ọzọkwa na Windhoek, ụlọ ya taa bụ ihe niile ama ama. Ụlọ elu atọ nke Windhoek, Heinitzburg, Schwerinsburg na Sanderburg, bụ ihe a kacha mara ya nke ọma ebe a ma ọ rụkwara ụlọ Gathemann na Erkrath ma tinye aka na nrụpụta Tintenpalast . Sander mekwara Duwisib Castle dị nso na Helmeringhausen, ụka Lutheran German na Keetmanshoop, na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. 

Wilhelm Sander lụrụ ugboro abụọ: 1910 nye Paola née Eck na 1921 nye Else née Fröbel. Ọ kwagara Lüderitz na 1922, bụ́ ebe ọ nọrọ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1930. 

## Edensibia
Aziza Chaouni

**Aziza Chaouni** ( Arabic ; عزيزة شاؤني) bụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Moroccan na-akụzi na Mahadum Toronto .

## Nkọwa
Ọ bụ onye nchoputa Aziza Chaouni Projects na osote prọfesọ na John H. Daniels Faculty of Architecture, Landscape and Design in Toronto. Ọ na-edu Designing Ecological Tourism (DET), "usoro nyocha nke na-emekọ ihe ọnụ nke na-enyocha ihe ịma aka ndị ecotourism chere ihu na mba ndị na-emepe emepe." 

Chaouni nwere akara ugo mmụta postgraduate sitere na Harvard Graduate School of Design na BSc na Civil Engineering sitere na Mahadum Columbia .  Malite na 2009 o duuru oru ngo iji megharia osimiri Fez n'obodo ya nke Fez, Morocco, dika akụkụ nke nnukwu mbọ mweghachi na mpaghara ahụ nke were ọtụtụ afọ ma chọọ nkà na ụzụ na nhazi ụlọ.   Na 2014 o nyere okwu TED na oru a. 

Na 2016 o nyere aka rụzigharị ụlọ akwụkwọ kacha ochie na-arụ ọrụ n'ụwa, ọbá akwụkwọ dị na Mahadum al-Qarawiyyin, nke Fatima Al-Fihria wuru na 859 na 859.  Ọ bụkwa ya na-ahụ maka mweghachi nke Jean-François Zevaco obi tara mmiri Sidi Harzem Bath Complex, na-eduga otu ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ, ndị injinia, ndị nchọpụta na ndị na-ese foto. 

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Krischka Stoffels

**Krischka Stoffels**, bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri Namibia . Krischka emeela ọtụtụ ihe nkiri ama ama gụnyere *Gesie in die glas* na *Tjiraa* .  Ewezuga ntụziaka, ọ bụkwa onye na-emepụta ihe, onye edemede, onye na-ese ihe nkiri na onye nchịkọta akụkọ.

## Ndụ onwe onye
A mụrụ ya na Windhoek, Namibia.

## Ọrụ
Na 2010, o mere nwa agbọghọ ya dị mkpụmkpụ, *Gesie in die glas*, bụ onye meriri ihe nrite aha pụrụ iche na ihe nkiri Namibia na ihe nkiri ihe nkiri.  Site na ihe ịga nke ọma, o mere *Tjiraa* mkpụmkpụ ya nke abụọ. Ihe nkiri a na-esote Vezuva, nwa agbọghọ Ovaherero bụ onye si akwụkwọ mmụta ya na mba ọzọ lọta, na Germany, ma chọpụta na nwa nwanne nne ya lụrụ anwụọla, nakwa na dịka omenala si dị, a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-alụ di nwunye nwanne ya.  Ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri Namibia kwadoro ihe nkiri a ma họrọ ya maka ikiri n'ọtụtụ mmemme ihe nkiri mba ụwa, gụnyere African Diaspora International Film Festival . 

## Ihe nkiri

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* 
* 
* Kortflieks op selfone: Die Eco-Kids Namibia-rolprentprojek is verlede week in Windhoek bekend gestel
Niko Bessinger

**Nikolaus Onverwag 'Niko' Bessinger** (12 June 1948 - 25 Maachị 2008) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Namibia na onye na-akwado nnwere onwe.

A mụrụ Bessinger na 12 June 1948 na Walvis Bay, South West Africa . Amụrụ na ezinụlọ Goreseb nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na Goreseb Royal House. Ọ gara St. Bonifacius Roman Catholic Primary School na Windhoek, Augustineum Secondary School dị na Okahandja wee gụọ akwụkwọ na Athlone High School na Cape Town na 1966. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ihe owuwu ụlọ na Mahadum Cape Town site na 1969 ruo 1972 tupu ọ nweta akwụkwọ mmụta Fulbright iji gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Detroit dị na United States . Ọ nwetara onyinye nturu ugo nke National Dean's List na 1979 na 1980. Bessinger gụsịrị akwụkwọ na B.Sc. (Architecture) na 1980 na B.Arch. na 1981 tupu edebanye aha ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe na Namibia na 1983 (Onye otu Namibia Institute of Architects na Namibia Council of Architects and Quantity Surveyors). Na Namibia o sonyeere *Kerry McNamara na Associates* dị ka onye mmekọ, mmegharị nke na-efu onye isi ya Kerry McNamara, onye Namibia White, ọtụtụ nkwekọrịta sitere na steeti na ndị mmadụ. 

Bessinger sonyeere SWAPO na 1972 wee bụrụ onye na-echekwa ụlọ ọrụ Windhoek na 1976. Ọ ghọrọ onye na-echekwa ego obodo ka otu afọ gachara. Ọ bụ onye odeakwụkwọ nkwonkwo maka ihe gbasara mba ofesi na onye isi obodo SWAPO na Namibia site na 1981 ruo 1989. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye isi na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta ya na UNTAG ruo mgbe nlọghachi nke ndị ndu mpụga na 1989. N'oge a, ndị ọchịchị South Africa nwụchiri ya ọtụtụ ugboro. Na 11.09.1987 Onye ọka ikpe J Bethune nyere iwu ka ahapụ ọtụtụ ndị na-akwado SWAPO (Hendrik Witbooi, Danny Tjongarero, Niko Bessinger, Anton Lubowski, John Pandeni na Ben Ulenga) bụ ndị ndị ọchịchị South Africa nwụchiri n'ihe gbasara Iwu Iyi ọha egwu. 1967 .

Mgbe nnwere onwe na 1990, a họpụtara ya na National Assembly na 21.03.1990 bụ onye isi oche Sam Nujoma họpụtara ka ọ bụrụ Minista mbụ nke anụ ọhịa, nchekwa na njem nlegharị anya, ọnọdụ ọ nọrọ ruo 20 March 1995. A họpụtara ya na National Assembly ọzọ na 1994 tupu ọ hapụ arụkwaghịm na 1996, mgbe Marlene Mungunda nọchiri ya. Ọ nọgidere na kọmitii etiti SWAPO Party ruo 2007.

Bessinger nwụrụ n'ihi nkụchi obi na 25 Maachị 2008 n'ụlọ ya na mpaghara Khomasdal nke Windhoek. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ọ na-arịa ọrịa shuga ma nwee ọrịa kansa.  Onye isi ala Hifikepunye Pohamba na 30 Maachị 2008 nyere ya nsọpụrụ nke dike mba.  E liri ya n'akụkụ ili nne ya, Calista Bessinger, n'ebe a na-eli ozu Khomasdal na Windhoek. Niko Bessinger lụrụ Hermine Bessinger, née Bertolini, ma ụmụ ya, Dietrich Bessinger, Anthony Bessinger, Hatani Bertolini, Kakuna Calista Karuaihe, Xavier Bessinger na ụmụ ụmụ 5 anwụọla.

## Edensibia
Lipico

A lipco ma ọ bụ lipiko (ọtụtụ Mapico ma ọ bụ mapiko ) bụ ihe gbasara ma ọ bụ okpu agha nke Makonde nke Mozambique.
thumb| Ihe mkpuchi lipico sitere na Mozambique

## Na-eji
A na-eyi ihe egwuregwu mapico maka ịgba egwu emume n'oge emume nke ụmụ nwoke e biri úgwù nke a na-akpọ egwu mapico .  [1] [2] Ndị omenkà na-ese ihe isiokwu ndị a, [3] bụ dị nro na-enwe mmetụta ntutu isi mmadụ.  Ha na- anya ihu ndị nwoke ma ọ bụ nwe nwe labrets ma ọ bụ scarifications

## Osisi

Usòrò:British_Museum_Room_25_Mask_Makonde_people_17022019_5022.jpg|alt=Lipico with scarifications, British Museum|Lipico nwere scarifications,Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke British
Usòrò:Makonde_Mask_(UBC).JPG|alt=Lipico mask, UBC Museum of Anthropology ( Vancouver / Canada )|Nkpuchi Lipico,UBC Museum of Anthropology(Vancouver / Canada)
Usòrò:3866_3_Helmet_mask,_Makonde_Tanzania_(2884444464).jpg|alt=Lipico from the Makonde of Tanzania|Lipico sitere na Makonde nke Tanzania
Usòrò:A_dance_dos_Mapicos.jpg|alt=Mapico dancing|Ịgba egwu Mapico


## Ntụaka
Kifwebe

Kifwebe ma ọ bụ bwadi bụ kifwebe bụ ihe nkpuchi nke Songye ma ọ bụ Luba nke Congo.
thumb| Kifwebe nkpuchi nke Songye

## Na-eji
Ọ bụrụ na nhọrọ nke nsogbu nke nta ka ọ mgbe niile na-enwe streaks (nke a wara ma ọ bụ ese) n'elu ha ma mgbe ụfọdụ ha na-adịadị (adịsịa n'etiti Luba).  [1] A na-eji ha eme mmemme nke nsogbu Kifwebe ebe a na-agba egwu nke otu aha, na-eyikwa masks ahụ na ajị agba ogologo osisi ndị a na-etinye n'oghere dị n'ekiri ihe nkpuchi (Figure  A).  Mgbe ajị agba ndị a na-ahụ (mye oghere na-edozi n'ókè nke nkpuchi) a na-akpọ ha Kabemba (nke ahụ awọ "hawks")

## Osisi

Usòrò:Kifwebe_mask_DMA.jpg|alt=Figure A : Kifwebe with fibres beard|Foto A : Kifwebe nwere ajị agba
Usòrò:British_Museum_Room_25_Kifwebe_mask_Songye_people_17022019_5008.jpg|alt=Kifwebe of the Songye|Kifwebe nke Songye
Usòrò:5735_8_Songye_Kifwebe_Mask_DRC_(3767111227).jpg|alt=Painted kifwebe|Na-ese kifwebe
Usòrò:Brooklyn_Museum_76.165_Kifwebe_Mask.jpg|alt=Painted mask|Ihe nkpuchi
Usòrò:Masque_kifwebe_luba-Musée_royal_de_l'Afrique_centrale.JPG|alt=Rounded kifwebe with incised streaks of the Luba|Kifwebe gbara nwere ogologo ogologo Luba gbajiri agbaka


## Ntụaka

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Julien Volper, *N'okpuru mmetụta nke Songye*, Annales des Arts africains, 2012
* Alan P. Merriam, *Kifwebe na ndị ọzọ masked na unmasked societies n'etiti Basongye*, Africa-Tervuren, Tervuren, vol. Ọnwa Iri na Abụọ 24, 1978
* François Neyt, *Kifwebe: Un siècle de masques songye et luba*, Cinq continents mbipụta, 2019
Ihe mkpuchi Kanaga

Ihe ọzọ Kanaga bụ ihe gbasara Dogon nke Mali nke ndị òtù Awa Society na-eme eme ihe, n'oge emee nke òtù okpukpe nke ọnwụ anwụ ( dama, emee iru újú).

## Ihe nnọchianya
Ihe ihu Kanaga na-akpali Onye Okike Chineke Amma .  Ọ na-egosi ụdị obe abụọ, nke na-echetara okike ụwa, na-agba egwu n'oge emume olili ozu ebe ndị otu Awa na-eji ya.  [1] Ọhaneze na-ama ndị na-achọ ịhụ ebe ahụ ihe anụmanụ dị iche iche : kommolo tebu (nnụnụ), [2] ngwere, iguana, barâmkamza dullogu (ụmụ mmiri mmiri), aka Chineke ma ọ bụ iriri nke osisi.  (Gịnu ya).  [3] A na-ele anya ihe nkpuchi ma n'ihe nwoke na-egosi.  Ụdị nwoke bụ nke mgbasa ọnụ 

A na- anya Kanaga na ọkọlọtọ French Sudan (1892-1958) na ephemeral Republic of Sudan (1958-1959).  Ya na nke Federation of Mali (1959-1960) na-achịkọta Senegal na Sudanese Republic

## Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka

Usòrò:WLA_brooklynmuseum_Dogon_Kanaga_Mask_in_Three_Pieces_3.jpg
Usòrò:Brooklyn_Museum_1995.171.11a-c_Kanaga_Mask_in_Three_Pieces.jpg
Usòrò:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Houten_masker_TMnr_6372-2.jpg
Usòrò:Raccolte_Extraeuropee_-_AFR_00014_Bassani_-_Porta_Dogon_-_Mali.jpg
Usòrò:Masques_dogon_du_Mali-Musée_du_quai_Branly.jpg
Usòrò:Flag_of_French_Sudan_(1958–1959).svg|alt=Flag of French Sudan|Ọkọlọtọ nkeFrench Sudan
Usòrò:Flag_of_Mali_(1959–1961).svg|alt=Flag of Mali Federation (1959-1961)|Ọkọlọtọ nkeNjikọ nke Mali(1959-1961)


## Ntụaka


## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Marcel Griaule et Germaine Dieterlen, *Lerenard pâle : 1 Le Mythe cosmogonique*, fasc. 1 *La création du monde*, Institut d'Ethnologie, Paris, 1991 (rééd.), p. 171-172
* Nadine Martinez, *Ecritures africaines: esthétique et fonction des écritures Dogon, Bamana et Sénoufo*, L'Harmattan, Paris, 2010, 272 p. 
* Famedji-Koto Tchimou, *Langage de la danse chez les Dogons*, L'Harmattan, Paris, 1995, 174 p.
Imigongo

thumb| Imigongo art na ihe ngosi na International Geography Festival na Saint-Dié-des-Vosges, France
Imigongo (kinKinyarwanda: [ i.mí.ɡôː.ŋɡo ] ) bụ nka na-ewu ewu na Rwanda nke ụmụ na-eji akwụkwọ ehi na-eme.  Ọtụtụ mgbe na agba ojii, ọcha na agba ígwè, isiokwu ndị a ma ama na-agụnye ịgba na ọkụ geometric nke a na-ese na ike, ite, na kwaaji.

A na-eji nsị ehi emepụta ihe onyonyo a nke a na-etinye n'ime bọọdụ osisi n'ụdị okirikiri na okirikiri geometric. A na-agwakọta nsị ahụ na ntụ, nke na-egbu nje bacteria na ísì ma hapụ ya ka ọ sie ike wee chọọ ya mma site na iji agba ndị sitere na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe.  Agba ọdịnala bụ oji, ọcha, ọbara ọbara, isi awọ na beige-edo edo mana agba ndị ọzọ na-esiwanye ike.

A chọtara ihe oyiyi imigongo na Kibungo n'ime mgbidi ụlọ dị ka ihe ịchọ mma "anwansi" na narị afọ nke 18.

Enwekwara mmetụta na imigongo chepụtara dị ka ihe omume mma n'ime ime site n'aka Prince Kakira nke Gisaka Kingdom na Nyarubuye na 1800s.

N'oge mgbukpọ nke 1994 ( Mgbukpọ nke Rwandan & iwepụ nke Nyarubuye ), ndị na-amụ ọkụ nke nta ka nkà n'anya.  Otú ọ dị, otu ndị inyom na-arụkọ ọrụ n'ụzọ na-aga Rusumo na Eastern Province dị nso na Kirehe agbapụtala ma malite ụdị nka Rwandan a iche.  A na-ahụ ihe eji chọgharịa geometric na omenala mana ka ndị inyom na-ese ihe na-eto eto na-ahụ obi ha nwerela ụdị osisi ọhụrụ, ihe oyiyi nke na-ebuga osisi nke nke ala Rwandan, ihe oyiyi nke osisi ala Rwandan.  na ndị ya.

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* " Ndị ọzọ gbasara Imigongo ", *John Pugh na Rwanda* .
* " Site na ntụ: Art Imigongo omenala Rwanda na-arị elu "
Ka anyị na-echere ụmụ nwoke

En attendant les hommes (" Waiting for Men ") bụ ihe nkiri akwụkwọ 2007 nke Katy Léna N'diaye mere ndị inyom ndị inyom na-ese foto na Oualata, Mauritania .  N'obodo a dị na nsstụtụ obodo Sahara, ụmụ atọ na-eme ihe osise na akara obodo ahụ.  

## Atụmatụ
Oualata bụ obere obodo oasis dị n'ebe ụmụaka ndị nke akụkọ Mauritania.  N'agwaetiti a, bụ́ ebe e wusiri ike nke ájá, ndị inyom a atọ na-ese ihe n'ọdịnala ndị na-ese ihe na-eji frescoes ekiri ahụ na-acha elekere mma n'ime ọha mmadụ nke o doro anya  na omenala, ụmụ na ụmụ nwoke na-achị, na-ekwukwa okwu n'ezoghị ọnụ gosiri nwoke na-egosi.

## Ntụaka
Ahmed el Inglizi

[thumb| Ahmed El Alj, nke a makwaara dị ka Ahmed el Inglizi, rụrụ akụkụ ụfọdụ nke mgbidi ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị na Essaouira na 1770, dị ka akọwara n'ihe odide a kpụrụ akpụ n'asụsụ [Arabic (n'aka nri).]]
thumb| Ahmed el Inglizi weghachiri ụlọ alakụba nke Kasbah nke Udayas na Rabat .
**Ahmed el Inglizi** ("Ahmed the English"), nakwa **Ahmed El Alj** ma ọ bụ **Ahmed Laalaj** ("Ahmed the Renegade"), bụ onye na- ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ na onye injinia na-arụ ọrụ maka Sultan nke Morocco Mohammed ben Abdallah na narị afọ nke 18. Dị ka a kọwara site n'aha nna ya "El Alj", Ahmed el Inglizi bụ a "na-enupụ isi", ntụgharị ọ gbahapụrụ Christianity maka Islam .  O yiri ka o sonyeere ndị ohi a maara dị ka Salé Rovers . 

A maara ya maka iwu akụkụ nke Essaouira (karịsịa n'ọnụ ụzọ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri), mgbe onye France bụ Théodore Cornut chepụtara ma wuo obodo ahụ n'onwe ya, ọkachasị kasbah, nke kwekọrọ na mpaghara Royal na ụlọ maka ndị ahịa Ndị Kraịst na ndị nnọchi anya mba ụwa. 

A makwaara Ahmed el Inglizi na ọ na-arụrụ eze ọrụ na Rabat, bụ ebe o wughachiri ụlọ alakụba kasbah, ụlọ ochie nke malitere na gburugburu 1150.  Ọ bụkwa ya na-ahụ maka ọtụtụ mgbidi ndị e wuru na Rabat. 

## Hụkwa

* Ndị omekome Anglo-Turki

## Edensibia
Dwa (ụlọ nkwakọba ihe)

thumb| A ''dwa'' stool
A dwa ma ọ bụ asesedwa ma ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ gwa bụ stool nke Ashantis nke Ghana

## Na-eji
Ọtụtụ mgbe a na-eji osisi eme ihe, a na-achọkarị dwa ahụ ma ọ bụ na-adịadị mma dịka ọkwa nke onye nwe ya si dị, [1] ọ nwere nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na ihe atụ n'etiti ndị Akan .  [2] Stools ndị nwere nwere ụgwọ anọ ma nwee ogidi Nkwado ise ( annan ).  [3] A na-ewere oche eze ma ọ bụ ahennwa dị ka "mkpụrụ obi nke mba", mgbe e chiri eze ( ahene ) na-aghọ ihe dị nsasị dị ka oche.  

. mmarima dwa bụ stool nke ụmụ nwoke, ebe mmaa dwa bụ maka ụmụ anụmanụ.  Adammadwa (n'ụzọ ụzọ "abụọ pennies stool") bụ maka ndị ogbenye

## Osisi

Usòrò:Asante_'mmarima_dwa'_stool_(Ghana),_World_Museum_Liverpool.JPG
Usòrò:Ghana,_asante,_sgabello,_1950_ca.jpg
Usòrò:Tabouret_ashanti_cuivre_bis.jpg|alt=Small ashanti stool, copper on wooden frame|Obere stool ashanti, ọla kọpa na etiti osisi
Usòrò:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Zetel_van_een_hoofd_met_ceremoniele_en_rituele_betekenis_TMnr_2526-1.jpg
Usòrò:Golden_stool_31_January_1935.jpg|alt=The Golden stool 1935|NkeGolden stool1935


## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Christiane Falgayrettes-Leveau, Christiane Owusu-Sarpong, *Ghana hier et aujourd'hui*, mbipụta Dapper, 2003.
* Sandro Bocola, Ezio Bassani, *African oche*, Vitra Design Museum, 1995.
* Mougo Boniface, Azariah Nyaggah, *Mmalite mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke ndị nchịkwa ọdịnala Asante*, 1974.

## Ntụaka
Nchịkọta Ihe osise Africa nke Oge A

The Contemporary African Art Collection (CAAC) bụ mkpokọta nke Jean Pigozzi ikpe na 1989, onye ọchụnta ego Italy.  Dị ka nke May 2022, nchịkọta ahụ dabere na Geneva, Switzerland, mana ọ "ihe ngosi ihe ngosi na-adịgide adịgide" 

mgbe ya na onye ndekọ onwe ya nke France zutere, André Magnin.  Magnin bụ atụrụ na nka sitere na omenala ndị na-ahụ ndị nwere ike, yana nka ndị dị na ndịda Sahara.  CAAC bịara n'oge a na- ụkwụ nka nka na-ahụ nke tusaale anya na mpaghara ụwa.  E hiwere ya obere oge ka ihe ngosi seminal The Magicians of the Earth na Pompidou Center dị na Paris, nke Jean-Huber Martin chepụtara.  Ọ bụ ihe ngosi izizi mba ụwa n'ezie ebe e ọrụ oge a sitere n' watch ụwa niile n'otu nha.

CAAC na-agụnye ọtụtụ puku ihe osise, na-egosipụta ihe ọkpụkpụ, eserese, foto, nrụnye na vidiyo, nke ndị na-ese ihe karịrị 80, bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na mba ndị dị na Sahara Africa. Ụfọdụ ndị na-ese ya bi na nnukwu obodo ma gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ nka. Ndị ọzọ bụ ndị a “kụziri onwe ha” na ụfọdụ si n'ime ime obodo na-arụkwa ọrụ n'ime ọdịnala obodo nke ha na-agbasa ma na-abawanye ụba.

CAAC na-hazi ihe ngosi na mbinye ihe osise mgbe niile na nnukwu ụlọ ihe ngosi mgbe ochie na ntọala nka gburugburu ụwa, dị ka Tate Modern (London), Pompidou Center (Paris), Guggenheim Bilbao, Metropolitan Museum (NY), Museum of  Fine Arts, Houston (Texas), National Museum of African Art (Washington), Cartier Foundation (Paris) na Saatchi Gallery (London).  O bipụtakwala ọtụtụ katalọgụ na monographies.

## Ndị na-ese ihe na mkpokọta
 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Nchịkọta nka nka nke oge a
Elena Benarroch

thumb| Elena Benarroch
**Elena Benarroch** bụ onye Moroccan - onye mmebe ejiji nke Spen amụrụ na Tangier na 1955 n'ime ezinụlọ ndị Juu Moroccan . Ọ mepere furrier na Madrid na 1979 wee nweta ọtụtụ ihe nrite na Spain. 

## Edensibia
na 1955 n'ime ezinụlọ ndị Juu

## Njikọ mpụga

* Elenabenarroch.es: Elena Benarroch webụsaịtị
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ụlọ Demba

Aboubacar Demba Camara (ịbụ onye egwuregwu 7 Nọvemba 1994) bụ onye egwuregwu ịgba ama na Guinea nke na-egwu egwu dị ka onye ọkpọ maka ụlọ egwuregwu Saudi Tuwaiq .

## Ọrụ
Camara mere mpụta mbụ ya na Ligue 1 na AC Ajaccio na 21 September 2013 megide Stade Rennais na mmeri 2–0 adị.  Ọ nọchiri Johan Cavalli dị ka onye nọchiri anya mgbe 69 nchebe nkeji.  njedebe nke oge 2013-14, ọ kwagara Turkey maka Gaziantepspor n'oge ọmụmụ nke 2014, na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ afịna

Na 31 January 2019, ụbọchị ikpeazụ nke windo mbufe oyi 2018–19, Camara sonyeere Red Star FC na mbịnye ego sitere na Troyes AC .  Tupu mbinye ego ahụ, rịkwuru Troyes ruo 2021 

N'oge ọkọchị nke 2019, ọ kwagara Hapoel Tel Aviv, na 2020, kwagara Petaling Jaya City FC na Malaysia.  Ugbu a ọ bụ onye nweere onwe ya na naanị otu ya bụ otu mba Guinea.

Na 6 Julaị 2023, Camara sonyeere nke abụọ nke Saudi nke Tuwaiq 

## Ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ

### Ebumnuche mba ụwa

: *Akara na rịzọlt ga-ebu ụzọ dekọọ goolu Guinea.* 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Demba Camara at Soccerway

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
René Verzier

**René Verzier** (1934 - Jenụwarị 1, 2024) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri Canada, onye na-arụkarị ọrụ na sinima nke Quebec .  A kacha mara ya dị ka onye nhọpụta onyinye onyinye Genie maka Cinematography kacha mma, na-enweta nods abụọ na 8th Genie Awards na 1987 maka ọrụ ya na fim *The Morning Man (Un matin, une vie)* na *Toby McTeague* . 

Site na Morocco, Verzier malitere ọrụ ya dị ka onye na-ese foto, karịsịa na-eje ozi dị ka onye na-ese foto maka ndị eze Mohammed V na Hassan II .  Mgbe ọ jere ozi dị ka onye ndu safari maka ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri National Film Board nke Canada nọ na mba ahụ na-eme akwụkwọ akụkọ, ọ kwagara Canada na 1966 wee rụọ ọrụ na fim akwụkwọ akụkọ maka NFB tupu ya emee ihe ngosi ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na Denis Héroux 's 1969 ihe nkiri *Valérie* .  Ọ rụrụ ọrụ mgbe niile na ihe nkiri Héroux, Roger Fournier na Gilles Carle na 1970s, wee malite ịrụ ọrụ ugboro ugboro na ihe nkiri Bekee, ma ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri telivishọn, na ngwụcha 1970s na 1980s. 

Verzier nwụrụ na Jenụwarị 1, 2024, mgbe ọ dị afọ 89. 

## Ihe nkiri

### Ihe nkiri

### Igwe onyonyo

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

*
Boli (fetish)

A boli (ọtụtụ: boliw ) bụ fetish nke Bambara ma ọ bụ Malinké nke Mal
thumb| Boli, musée du Quai Branly

## Ojiji na omenala
Boli nwere ike ịbụ zoomorphic (karịsịa buffalo ma ọ bụ zebu) ma ọ bụ egwuregwu mgbe ụfọdụ anthropomorphic .  Ndị bi na Mali bụ ndị na-eme ihe a na-akpọ òtù bamanaya, ya bụ, ndị na-etinye aka n'àjà nke ụmụ anụmanụ na boliw na ndị na-e agha okwu na ndụ mgbe a nwụsịrị site na ndị na-  agba mmasị na-ekwu na ha bụ Bamana 

N'okpukpe Mandingo, *boli* bụ ihe a na-ekwu "ebubo", ya bụ na site na anwansi ya, ọ na-enwe ike ịrụzu ihe ndị pụrụ iche, dị ka igbu mmadụ, ịkọ ọdịnihu, iji nweta mmadụ, wdg. boli, nke nwekwara ike mebere mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ placenta, ụrọ, anụ ahụ, akpụkpọ, wdg, bụ n'onwe ya akara nke placenta. 

A na-ewere ya dị ka ihe dị ndụ ma nwee n'ime ya isi nke nwere ike ịbụ nkume, ígwè ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla ọzọ. Nucleus a ma ọ bụ "ọka" na-anọchi anya ike dị mkpa. Ka ọbara *boli* ga-enweta, otú ahụ ka a ga-esi 'ebubo' ya na *nyama* (ike dị mkpa). 

## Izu konos
N'akwụkwọ ya "L'Afrique fantôme" (The Phantom Africa), ọkà mmụta ndị bụ Michel Leiris na-akọ njem njem ya n'etiti Africa, site na-ama egwuregwu ruo n'ebe ọmụmụ, n'etiti 1931 na  1933. Ndị ọkà mkparị iri na abụọ n'okpuru nduzi nke Marcel Griaule mebere njem a aha ya bụ ozi Dakar-Djibouti.  Ebumnobi ya bụ ethnographic na àgwà na-agafe n'ụzọ bụ isi nke datakọta, n'aha nke Trocadéro Museum, ihe nke omenala Africa tupu colonialism ebibie ya.  Leiris na- LED n'akwụkwọ ndetu ya ụzọ ndị na-adịghị mma e ji eme ihe ndị a na-achọsi ike.  Otu n'ime ihe nkiri a ma ama bụ izu ohi nke konos .  N'iji ndị, nhịahụ, nhụsianya na egwu nke mmegwara sitere n'aka ụmụaka colonial, na-enye ọrụ na-akpa ọchị na mgbe ụfọdụ na-ezu ohi ozi, ndị ọkà ethnologists na-ejide ọtụtụ konos site na ụfọdụ obodo.  Bambara, nokpuru egwu na-eju anya nke ndi bi na ya.  Izu ohi ndị a na-aghọ ihe omume dị oke egwu n'anya ndị Bambaras na n'okwu nke Leiris, m "ịkwata ihe" na "oke".  Ọ na-eme onwe ya na ndị otu ya dị ka "ndị eze ike ma ọ bụ ndị dị ike na ndị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi  

A ga- መሪ konos ndị a na-aga n'ihu na ebe ngosi nka nke Trocadéro, na Museum of Mankind, na Neuchâtel ethnography museum, n'etiti "otu ihe ihe osise nke Museum of Mankind" na New York Museum nakwa na Quai  Branly enyo nka 

## Ntụaka

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Graham Harvey, *Akwụkwọ Handbook of Contemporary Animism*, 2014, p.233.
Chama Mechtaly

**Chama Mechtaly** ( Arabic  ; amuru July 1992) bu onye omenka na onye na-akwado Moroccan dabere na Dubai. 

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Mechtaly zụlitere na Casablanca site n'aka nne na nna Alakụba Arab.  Nna nna ya bụ Amazigh -Juu, mana ọ ghọrọ Islam ka ọ lụọ nne nne nna ya, bụ onye Alakụba. N'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Mechtaly nwere mmasị na akụkọ ihe mere eme ezinụlọ ya, yana n'ụzọ sara mbara na mmetụta nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala ndị Juu na Morocco.   Ọ nọgidere na Morocco ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 17. 

Ọ gara mahadum dị na United States, na-amụ mkpebi esemokwu na mmekọrịta mba ụwa na Mahadum Brandeis na Waltham, Massachusetts site na agụmakwụkwọ.   N'ebe ahụ, ọ nwere mmasị n'echiche ndị Juu banyere tikkun olam na imezi mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị Alakụba na ndị Juu na Middle East. 

## Ọrụ nka
Mechtaly malitere ịse ihe na eserese mgbe ọ bụ nwata, nna ya gbakwara ya ume ịchụso nka.   Ọ malitere iji eserese mmanụ mgbe ọ dị afọ 15. 

Mgbe ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na United States, Mechtaly gosipụtara na mpaghara Boston .  Ihe ngosi nke mbụ ya bụ na American Islamic Congress' Newbury Street art gallery na Eprel 2013. 

### Moors na ndị nsọ
Mechtaly bụ onye guzobere Moors na Saints, akara ọla dabere na Dubai.    Ejiri ọla edo, ọla ọcha na nkume dị oké ọnụ ahịa mee iberibe ihe ndị ahụ na Dubai.  Akara ahụ anaghị eji ola diamond, dịka akụkụ nke ozi iji bụrụ "enweghị esemokwu". 

The ika na-adọta na mmetụta ndị dị ka Moorish architecture si Andalusia n'oge Golden Age nke Spain, n'oge e nwere okpukpe ndidi n'etiti ndị Alakụba na ndị Juu.  

Akara ahụ rụrụ arụ na Septemba 2019, n'oge izu imepụta Dubai . Nchịkọta atọ mbụ bụ Granada (nke Alhambra sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ), Marrakesh (nke sitere na taịlị zellij nke obodo), na Cairo (nke ụlọ alakụba Al-Azhar sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ).  

## Ime ihe
Mechtaly ekwuwo na nkwado nke Abraham Accords,  na na Nọvemba 2021 bụ akụkụ nke ndị nnọchiteanya kwalitere nkwekọrịta na United States. 

Mechtaly enyela ụfọdụ uru sitere na Moors na ndị nsọ nye Banat el Emarat, otu NGO dabere na UAE lekwasịrị anya na ike ụmụ nwanyị. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Mechtaly kwagara United Arab Emirates na ngwụcha afọ 2010. 

Ọ na-ewere onwe ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka nwanyị na-emekọrịta ihe na "onye na-akwado mkparịta ụka n'etiti okpukpe na ọtụtụ mmadụ". 

## Edensibia


Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Mourad Ben Embarek

**Mourad Ben Embarek** ( Arabic; nwụrụ 2011) bụ onye omenkà modernist Moroccan. Ọ bụ onye ndu na nrụzigharị Agadir wee bipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe owuwu nke mbụ mgbe nnwere onwe na Morocco: *[[a+u]]* . 

## Ndụ
Mourad Ben Embarek bụ onye otu (GAMMA). 

Na 1961, ọ weghaara Abdeslam Faraoui wee duzie ọrụ nke Urbanism, na-anọgide dị ka onye nduzi ruo 1966.   

## Ọrụ ndị ama ama

* Technopark, Casablanca
* Ọdụ ụgbọ elu 1 nke Mohammed V International Airport, Casablanca
* Ụlọ elu Atlas, Casablanca

## Edensibia
Ihe osise mara mma

thumb| Ọkpụkpụ nke MHNT
thumb| Ihe oyiyi Bijago altar
Nkà Bijago ma ọ bụ nka Bidyogo bụ nka arọ Africa nke ụmụ amaala Bijagos Islands nke Guinea-Bissau ikpe.  [1] Ọ na-agụnye ọtụtụ ihe eji eme ihe kwa ụbọchị na omume emee, na-agba ọsọ akara ngosi nke mmalite nke iche na omenala ha, mana na-egosi ejedebe site n'akpaetiti gaa n'agbaetiti.  [2] A na-akpọ ụdị nka nka dị ka nka Bidyogo na ihe egwuregwu mma ha iche iche na-eme ka nka Bidyogo dị iche na nka Africa ndị ọzọ ma e eso ndị Baga dị nso bụ ndị na-ekerịta ụfọdụ akara ngosi (ma  a na-ewerekwa ya dị ka ihe ngosi nka).  "ebo nnukwu" nke Bacquart).

## Iberibe ụlọ nsọ
Otu n'ime ihe ọrụ Bidyogo kacha pụta ìhè bụ ụlọ arụsị ndị nna ochie nwere ike ibugharị ("iran") nke nwewe ike ịbụ eziokwu ma ọ bụ nke ndị na-eso ụzọ. 

## Ihe mkpuchi zoomorphic maka emume na-abịa
Ihe dị iche iche zoomorphic na-anya anya ehi ("vaca-bruta"), shark, stingrays na, mgbe ụfọdụ, anụ ụlọ ndị ọzọ na-eyi n'ememe nke okenye ("fanado") na-a ụmụ nwoke, ma mgbe ụfọdụ.  ụfọdụ site na anọ 

## Ngwa mmemme ndị ọzọ
A na-ahụkwa ihe ndị a na-achọ mma nke omenala maka mmemme ụmụbịa nke "fanado" (ihe ihe osisi, ube, ọta, ihe isi, mgbaaka).  A na-enyekwara ụmụ ụmụ ụmụ bebi mara mma ka ha iche nkata ilekọta

## Ihe eji eme ihe kwa ụbọchị
Bissagos na-emepụta ihe pụrụ iche maka mmemme kwa ụbọchị (ịkụ azụ, ọrụ ugbo) na ojiji nkeonwe (stool, nkata, ngwa nri) na ụgbọ mmiri. 

## Nhazi
Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ ọnụ ụlọ Bidyogo adịghị egosi nka dị ịrịba ama, ụfọdụ na-ese mgbidi ha na agba na-egbuke egbuke nke nwere akara ọdịnala na ụkpụrụ ọdịnala. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-esekwa ọnụ ụzọ mmadụ ma ọ bụ anụmanụ. 

## Iberibe maka ahia nlegharị anya
Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị na-ese ihe n'ime obodo na-ese maka ememe ememe nakwa maka ịzụ ahịa njem nlegharị anya, bụ́ nke nwere ike ime ka ndị ọbịa nwee ike inweta iberibe ihe odide ndị na-adọrọ mmasị. 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Maka ndị mmụọ na ndị eze: nkà nke Africa sitere na nchịkọta Paul na Ruth Tishman, ihe ngosi ihe ngosi si The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (n'ụzọ zuru ezu dị online dị ka PDF), nke nwere ihe dị na Bijago art
Jacques Azagury

**Jacques Azagury** bụ onye mmebe ejiji nke Moroccan mụrụ.

A mụrụ Azagury na Morocco site na ezinụlọ ndị Juu,  wee mụọ na London College of Fashion and St Martin's School of Art, tupu imepe ụlọ ahịa flagship ya na London's Knightsbridge na 1987. 

Azagury kere uwe maka Princess Diana, Helen Mirren na Elizabeth McGovern .  Azagury ga-aga Diana maka akwa akwa n'ụlọ ya na Kensington Palace . 

Na Disemba 2023, uwe ojii velvet na royal-blue organza nke Azagury mere maka Diana na 1985 rere n'ahịa ọrịre maka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nde $ 1.15 (ego kachasị maka uwe Diana ọ bụla a na-ere n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ ruo ụbọchị ahụ, yana ugboro iri na otu ihe ahụ. ụlọ ahịa ahịa, Julien's Auctions, buru amụma na uwe ga-ere maka). 

## Edensibia
rere n'ahịa ọrịre maka ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nde $ 1.15 (ego kachasị maka uwe Diana
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
John Banovich

**John Banovich** (amụrụ 1964) bụ onye na-ese mmanụ America. A maara ya maka nnukwu ihe osise nke anụ ọhịa. Ọrụ Banovich apụtala n'ọtụtụ ebe, gụnyere Leigh Yawkey Woodson Art Museum 's Birds in Art show, Hiram Blauvelt Art Museum, na Salmagundi Club .

## Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ John Banovich na Lewistown, Montana . Mmasị ya na nka na anụmanụ sitere na nwata, nke sitere na *Akwụkwọ Jungle* na Grizzly Adams, ma gbaa ya ume site n'ọchịchọ nna ya nwere maka anụ ọhịa na n'èzí.   Site na klas nke isii, Banovich rere ihe osise abụọ. 

Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Banovich debanyere aha na Mahadum Montana na Missoula ka ọ bụrụ okpukpu abụọ na nkà na nkà mmụta anụmanụ. Banovich zigara ya na Art Institute of Seattle maka nzere na visual nkwukọrịta.  

## Ọrụ
A maara Banovich maka nnukwu akwa akwa ya. Ọ bụ n'ọgwụgwụ 1990s ka mmasị ya maka eserese ndị buru ibu jidere. 

Otu n'ime ọrụ ndị a kacha mara amara nke Banovich, "Man Eaters of Tsavo " (2002, 50 x 80 in., Mmanụ na Belgian Linen) bụ otu n'ime ọrụ mbụ sitere na ụlọ ọrụ Montana ọhụrụ. Ihe osise a na-akọ akụkọ dị ike nke ọdụm abụọ gburu ma rie ihe karịrị mmadụ 135 na 1898, n'oge a na-arụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Britain. Ọchịagha Patterson chụrụ ha n’ọrụ ruo ọnwa itoolu tupu ha emechaa mee ka ha zuru ike. Mbipụta a kpaara ókè rere ere ozugbo yana Mbipụta Ntọala enyerela aka iweta nnukwu ego maka mbọ nchekwa. 

N'afọ 2003, ọ tọrọ ntọala Banovich Wildscapes Foundation (BWF), otu ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ na-akwalite mbọ nkwado iji chekwaa ebe anụ ọhịa nke ụwa na-abara anụ ọhịa na ndị bi ebe ahụ uru.  

## Ntụaka
nka na anụmanụ sitere na nwata, nke sitere na Akwụkwọ Jungle na Grizzly Adams, ma gbaa ya ume site n'ọchịchọ nna ya nwere maka

* Huntsman nke oge a: John Banovich Na-achọ Africa https://modernhuntsman.com/john-banovich-in-search-of-africa/
* Egwuregwu Classics kwa ụbọchị - SEWE, John Banovich Onye Mmekọ na-asọpụrụ ndị dike nchekwa https://sportingclassicsdaily.com/sewe-banovich-conservation/
* ACCF African Community & Conservation Foundation - Ndị ọdụm a erutela https://africanccf.org/the-lions-have-landed/
* Magazin anọ: The Wilds of Africa-Lee anya na ọrụ Spellbinding John Banovich https://www.four-magazine.com/hotels-travel/wilds-of-africa-a-look-at-artist-john-banovichs-spellbinding -arụ ọrụ/

## Akwụkwọ

* *Eze nke anụ ọhịa: Ọmụmụ nke ọdụm Africa* nke John Banovich, Live Oak Press, 2019
* *Anụ ọhịa: Ọrụ anakọtara nke John Banovich*, Banovich Fine Art Publishing, 2009

## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị
* Ụlọ ọrụ Banovich Wildscapes Foundation
* Banovich Wildscapes Njem
* Mbipụta SHOP nwere oke na ụda olu nwere akụkụ nke ego enwetara n'ọrụ dị oke mkpa
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Alstonia boonei

Alstonia boonei bụ osisi buru ibu, nke na-agwụ agwụ, osisi nkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nke Dogbane ( Apocynaceae ).  Ọ bụ obodo na-ekpo ọkụ n'Ebe Ọdịda mkpa Afrịka, nke nwere oke ruru na Etiopia na Tanzania .  Aha a na-akpọkarị ya na ahia bekee bụ osisi chiiz osisi osisi ma ọ bụ osisi stool [1] (lee Ashanti Empire gold stool ) ebe aha ya na ahia osisi French bụ emien [2] (site na brand nke Ivory  Coast).  ).

Osisi ahụ dị mma nke ọma, na-agbazinye onwe ya ka ọ bụrụ ọrụ zuru ezu.  Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ so na Apocynaceae (ihe nwere nsera na ụdị ọgwụ), A. boonei nwere alkaloids ma na-amịpụta latex. .. 

## Nkọwa
 
Alstonia boonei bụ osisi ọhịa toro ogologo, nke nwere ike iru mita 45 (148 ft) n'ịdị elu yana 3 m (9.8 ft) na girth, bole ahụ bụ cylindrical na ruo 27 cm (89 ft) n'ịdị elu nwere nnukwu buttresses dị warara ma dị omimi.  .   Na Plateaux Batekes na Congo (Kinshasa) osisi ndị a nwere nnukwu ebe obibi dị ka nke Bald Cypress na Water Tupelo.   [1] A na-ebu akwụkwọ ya n'ọnụ ọnụ, ọdịdị akwụkwọ ya na-adịkwaghị ka ọ dị, na ọnụ ọnụ ya ka ọ dị elu yana veins mpụta (lee Akwụkwọ # Venation ) pụtara ìhè na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ akụkụ aka nri  dị mma na midrib.   Okooko osisi ndị ahụ na-acha odo odo-ọcha ma na-ebu ya na cymes lax terminal.   Mkpụrụ osisi ndị ahụ nwere agba, ụyọkọ, dị gịrịgịrị ruru sentimita 16 (6.3 in) ogologo, nwere eriri siliki, na-acha aja aja n'akụkụ nke ọ bụla iji mee ka ikuku gbasaa.   Latex dị ọcha ma buru ibu.

## Ntụaka
Akuaba

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|225x225px| ''Aku'ba'' atọ . Ndị a sitere na ndị Fante .
LAkua'ba, nke a kpọkwara akwaba ma ọ bụ akuba, bụ ụmụ bebi mmemme ọkụ osisi sitere na ike Ghana na mpaghara dị nso.  Ha na ndị Fanti na-akpa njem, ndị bụ ndị nke ụdị Akan na Ghana na Ivory Coast.  E ji mara ụmụ bebi ndị ahụ site na nnukwu isi ha dị ka diski ma na-eji omenala ụmụ anụmanụ na-achọ ipi nwa ma ọ bụ iji hụ na ịma mma nke ụmụ ha n'ምድ

Mgbe a anaghị eji eme ihe, a na-asa akwa ma na-elekọta ya n'ihe obibi ọdịnala.  A kọwawo akara akua'ba dị ka ihe atụ nke ihe ngosi nke dabara na ihe ngosi na-eme ememme West Africa.

Ebe a kacha mara ndị Fanti maka akua’ba, ebo ndị ọzọ dị na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ Afrịka, dịka ndị Kru na ndị Igbo nwere ụdị nwa bebi ọmụmụ ha pụrụ iche. A na-ejikarị ụmụ bebi ndị a eme ihe n'ụzọ yiri nke ahụ, na-egosipụta mkpa ọmụmụ na ụmụaka dị n'ọtụtụ omenala West Africa.

Taa, a na-ahụ ụmụ bebi akua'ba dị ka ọrụ nka ma ọ bụ ihe eji e mee ihe ka ihe nketa eji eme emume.  Otú ọ dị, iji omenala eji ụmụ bebi ndị a na-aga n'ihu na mpaghara ụfọdụ n'etiti ndị Fante na ndị Akan ndị ọzọ.  Ụdị akua'ba abụrụla ihe ime nke chi ọma n'ụzọ sara mbara.

Ndị Afrịka bụ ndị ohu na-eburukwa nwa bebi Akua'ba na America, ebe ha jere ozi dịka akara njikọ n'ala nna nna ha ma jiri ya mee ihe dị mma. Ndị Europe bụ ndị gara Africa, karịsịa n'ime afọ 1800, nwere mmasị dị ukwuu na ụmụ bebi Fante, na-eduga na ewu ewu ha n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na Europe.

## Hụkwa

* Ụmụ bebi Africa
* Ankh

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akuaba sitere na nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka nke obodo ukwu, nwere nkọwa
Ahwenepa peeji

thumb| Ahwenepa Nkasa Fabric
thumb| Onye isi ala Nana Akufo-Addo na Minista Kwabena Frimpong Boateng
thumb| Onye isi ala Nana Akufo-Addo na Minista Kwabena Frimpong Boateng (gburugburu)
thumb| Nke a bụ ihe onyonyo nke akwa olili ozu nke imepụta akwa na Ghana Akan nyere aha 'Ahwenepa nkasa'.
Ahwenepa nkasa bụ aha onye Ghana nyere aha maka ike akwa a ọchịchịra na Ghana, Togo, Benin na Ivory Coast .  Ndi Ghana Textiles Company (GTP) na-ahụ akwa a n'okpuru VLISCO na Akosombo Industrial Company Limited, nke a na-akpọbu Akosombo Textile Limited (ATL).  A na-ewere imewe akwa a dị ka ihe ndịrụ na West Africa dị ka ụdị ndị ọzọ dị ka L'Oeil de Boeuf na Sika wo ntaban .

## ndabere
Aha Ghana nwere okwu Akan bụ Ahwenepa na nkasa nke mba n'asụsụ bekee dị ka bead n'úkwù dị mma eme eme, ọrụ ike iji ya gosiri ilu "Oghere efu na-eme ego".  [1] Ilu na-ekwu maka otu ezi mmadụ eji ọrụ ọma ya etu ọnụ&#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Nhazi
ụdị imewe akwa ahụ ụdị ụdị mara mma na ahịrị - arịlịka, diagonal, na gbu.  Na Ghana ] [ na -eji agba dị iche iche nke iwu a eme ihe n'oge dị iche iche.  A na-eji isi ihe na-acha isi na-eji ụmụ ekiri eme ihe mgbe a mụsịrị nwa, a na-eji akwa ojii nke imewe a eme ihe maka olili ozu na akara ndị ọzọ mara mma maka oge ndị ọzọ ma na-  eyi ndụ kwa ụbọchị 

## Aha ndị ọzọ
A na-eji aha ndị ọzọ mara akwa ahụ na mba ndị ọzọ dị n'Africa.  A maara ya maka aha Makaïva na Togo na Benin, nke pụtara akwụkwọ osisi.  Na Ivory Coast a maara ya dị ka Feuille-feuille nke pụtara akwụkwọ na osisi 

## Ojiji ama ama
Ndị a ma ama dị ka onye isi ala Ghana, Nana Addo Dankwa Akuffo-Addo na-eji ejiji akwa a.  O yi akwụkwọ akwụkwọ a mgbe o kwuru okwu ọmụmụ ya mgbe Mahadum Cape Coast (UCC) nyere ya nzere ugwu na mgbe ọ nyere ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ fatịlaịza na Ghana.  [1] [2] O yikwara akwa akwa a mgbe ọ gara ihe nrite 7th Innovation for Africa site n'aka African Innovation Foundation (AIF) 

## Hụkwa

* L'Oeil de Boeuf (akwa)
* Sika Wo Ntaban (akwa)
* Mbipụta waks nke Africa
* Ihe mkpuchi (akwa)
* Shweswe
* Kitenge

## Ntụaka
Ernst Kühnel

Ernst Kühnel (1882-1964) bụ onye ọkụkọ ihe mere eme nka German bụ ihe na nka Islam .  Ọ bụ onye ama ama maka nchacha ya na njikọ dị n'etiti nka Islam na Coptic, ngwaahịa na akwa.  Kühnel jere ozi dị ka onye ntụziaka nke Museum of Islamic Art (maka nke Berlin State Museums ) site na 1931 ruo 1951, bụrụkwa prọfesọ na Mahadum Berlin site na 1935 ruo 1954. Ọ bụkwa onye onye maka ihe ngosi nka akwa na Washington, DC,  [1] na onye isi oche Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft (German Oriental Society) 

Na 1960, Ernst Kühnel isi onye nke abụọ ka Smithsonian Institution nyere nrite Charles Lang Freer. 

Kühnel nwụrụ na 12 Ọgọst 1964, mgbe ọ dị afọ 81. 

## Nnukwu ọrụ

* *Oge ochie Coptic na akwa akwa Islam nke Egypt*, ya na WF Volbach (London, 1926)
* "La Tradition copte dans les tissus musulmans" ( *Bulletin de la Société d'archéologie copte* 4, 1938, p.&nbsp;79-89)
* "Koptische Kunst im islamischen Ägypten" (na *Koptische Kunst, Christentum am Nil: Katalọgụ nke ihe ngosi na Villa Hügel, Essen, Mee–August 1963*, Essen, 1963, p.&nbsp;153-6)
* "Nachwirkungen der koptischen Kunst im islamischen Ägypten" (na Christentum am Nil. Internationale Arbeitstagung zur Ausstellung "Koptische Kunst" Essen, Villa Hügel, 23.-25.7.1963, Recklinghausen, 1964, pp.&nbsp;257-9).

## Ntụaka
Sọọ

## Nkọwa
Sọọ bú ìhè aná há, dakàta nso

### Nkejiasusu
Ngwaa

### Ọmụmaatu
Ọ na sọ sọọ ụmụ nwoke

### Mkpọputa

### Olumba
Sọrọ

## Ntụghari n'asụsụ ọzọ

### Bekee
Ngaire Blankenberg

Ngaire Blankenberg ( operaon 1971 ma ọ bụ 1972 [1] ) bụ onye Canada Canada South Africa onye pụtara ihe ngosi nka, onye nwata na onye ọzụzụ.  [2] Ọ bụbu onye isi oche Smithsonian National Museum of African Art .

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Ndị nne na nna Blankenberg bụ ndị South Africa, a mụrụ ya na Winnipeg, Manitoba.[1]  Nne ya bụ White na nna ya bụ Colored (na albino);  ha kwagara Canada n'ihi na alụmdi na nwunye ha megidere iwu na South Africa n'oge ahụ.[1][2]  Ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta akwụkwọ akụkọ na Mahadum Carleton wee rụọ ọrụ afọ 12 na telivishọn na akwụkwọ akụkọ, gụnyere otu afọ dị ka onye na-ese vidiyo na usoro akụkọ akụkọ CBC Newsmagazine Road Movies, [3] tupu ọ kwaga South Africa iji mụọ mgbasa ozi na ọmụmụ ọdịnala, na-enweta nna ukwu.  nzere site na Mahadum Natal.[2] [4]  Ọ laghachiri Canada wee malite ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nrụpụta ihe ngosi nka na onye ndụmọdụ

## Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka ọrụ
Blankenberg na-arụ ọrụ na National Gallery nke Canada na Ottawa, Superblue Miami, ụlọ ihe ngosi mgbe ochie na Constitution Hill, Johannesburg, na Canadian Museum for Human Rights na Winnipeg.  [1] [2] A mara ya maka nka ya n'imepụta akwụkwọ ịwepu obodo maka ụlọ ọrụ omenala yana echiche echiche nke aka ọha. 

.Blankenberg arụwo ọrụ dị ka onye ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta Dutch Kosmann.dejong yana ya na Lord Cultural Resources na Toronto, ebe ọ bụ onye isi mmalite.  [1] [2] Na 2016, ya na Lord co-guzobere Gail Lord, o deziri Cities, Museums and Soft Power for the American Alliance of Museums.  [2] Lord na Blankenberg kwusiri ike na echiche nke ike dị nro nhụjuanya site na ngwaọrụ eji tinye "ndụ omenala na obodo 

Site na 2021 ruo 2023, ọ bụ onye isi ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke National Museum of African Art na Washington, DC [1] Mgbe a chọpụtara ya onye isi na Julaị 7, 2021, o amụ ya “ịkọwapụta, gwọọ na ime ka  ya dịghachi ná mma”.  [2] N'oge ọ nọ n'akwụkwọ, Blankenberg onye bụ isi na-akwado ịweghachi ihe ndị dị na mkpokọta ihe ngosi nka, [3] na 2022 ụlọ ngosi nka we nwunyere 29 Benin Bronzes kwakọrọ na Nigeria .  [4] Blankenberg gbara arụkwaghịm n'ọkwa ya na Machị 31, 2023, na-ezo aka na "nkịta onye ọ elebe nke ụlọ ọrụ".

Mgbe ọ gbasịrị arụkwaghịm, Blankenberg laghachiri South Africa. 

## Akwụkwọ ndị ahọpụtara

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## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ