Leonila Vázquez García

**Leonila Vázquez García** (17 Jenụarị 1914 – 30 Jenụwarị 1995), nke a maara dị ka Leonila Vázquez, bụ ọkà mmụta banyere anụ ahụ na Mexico na onye na-enye onyinye nrite nke Mexico Entomology Society's 1971 Entomological Merit. A maara ya maka ọmụmụ ihe gbasara bayoloji nke cochineal ( *Dactylopius coccus* ), ụdị ụmụ ahụhụ na-emepụta carmine na-acha uhie uhie. Ọ bụkwa onye nchọpụta urukurubụba ama ama, na-atụnye akụkụ nke urukurubụba mbụ na Encyclopedia of Mexico ma na-akọwa ụdị 39 ọhụrụ na sayensị n'oge ọrụ ya niile. 

Ọ malitere nkuzi na ngalaba sayensị na UNAM (National Autonomous University of Mexico) na 1943, ebe ọ bụ onye nchọpụta ama ama na Institute of Biology nke mahadum ihe karịrị afọ 50.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Leonila Vázquez García na Jenụwarị 17, 1914, n'obodo Jiménez nke dị na steeti Chihuahua nke dị na Mexico.  Ya na ezinụlọ ya kwagara Mexico City mgbe ọ dị obere ma gụchaa akwụkwọ praịmarị na nke sekọndrị na usoro ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze nke obodo ahụ. Dr. Vázquez gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na National Preparatory School ( Escuela Nacional Preparatoria ) wee gụchaa akara ugo mmụta mahadum ya na ngalaba nke Philosophy na Letters nke UNAM. 

N'October 3, 1936, ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta nna ukwu na sayensị bayoloji site n'ịmecha tesis nke isiokwu ya bụ, *ụmụ ahụhụ na-emerụ ahụ nke 'tepozanes' (Budleia) nke Central Mexico* . Ọ gara n'ihu nata akara ugo mmụta doctorate na Biological Sciences site na UNAM Faculty of Sciences na 1945 jiri akwụkwọ edemede akpọrọ: *Monographic study of the* Psychidae ( *Lepidoptera* ) *nke Mexico.*  N'ime oge ndụ ya, o nyere UNAM aka dị ka prọfesọ, onye nchọpụta na onye ndu omenala. 

## Nchoputa ndu
Vázquez nyefere ọrụ ya na agụmakwụkwọ na nyocha. Mgbe onye ndụmọdụ ya nwụrụ, Carlos C. Hoffman, na 1942, ọ weghaara akwụkwọ ọmụmụ Zoology nke afọ atọ na UNAM Faculty of Sciences, nke kpuchiri nnukwu anụmanụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke a maara dị ka arthropods, ma duzie usoro a ruo 1990. . Ọ kụzikwaara ọtụtụ usoro doctorate na entomology na ụmụ ahụhụ ụmụ ahụhụ site na 1950 ruo 1967, ebe ọ kụziri ma kuziere ụmụ akwụkwọ 1800, gụnyere José Sarukhán Kermez .  Ọ na-elekọta usoro ọmụmụ iri atọ na isii na sayensị bayoloji n'oge niile ọ nọ na UNAM. 

Dị ka onye nchọpụta, ọ mụtara akụkụ dị iche iche nke nru ububa ( Lepidoptera ) bayoloji, ma kọwaa ọtụtụ ụdị ọhụrụ na sayensị. N'ime nyocha ya, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae, Satumiidae, Sphingidae na Psychidae, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, na-enye aka na akwụkwọ sayensị 50. N'ime nyocha nke urukurubụba ya, ya na ọkachamara n'ihe banyere urukurubụba, Dr. Carlos R. Beutelspacher rụkọrọ ọrụ.  Ọ nwere mmasị karịsịa n'ịmụ na ịkọwa mmekọrịta dị n'etiti butterflies na ahịhịa trophic, yana otú ụdị ndị a si emetụta ebe obibi ha. O dekwara akụkụ nke mbụ na urukurubụba maka Encyclopedia of Mexico . 

Na 1952, ọ malitere imekọ ihe ọnụ na Indigenous Institute (Instituto Indigenista) na ọmụmụ banyere omenala cultivation nke cochineal ( *Dactylopius coccus Costa* ) na aje ( *Llaveia axin* ). A na-eji Cochineal na-emepụta ihe na-acha uhie uhie carmine, ebe aje na-emepụta lacquers. Ụmụ ahụhụ ndị a bụbu nnukwu mkpa akụ na ụba nye ụfọdụ mpaghara Mexico n'oge oge ọchịchị. 

Na 1958, Vázquez sonyeere na njem mmụta sayensị mbụ UNAM gaa na agwaetiti Revillagigedo, ugwu mgbawa ugwu dị na Oke Osimiri Pasifik nke dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri Mexico. A maara ha maka gburugburu ebe obibi pụrụ iche, nke nwere ọkwa dị elu nke endemism, ma na-echekwa ya ugbu a dị ka saịtị UNESCO World Heritage Site na ebe nchekwa mmiri kachasị na North America. Ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị Mexico a ma ama bụ Bernardo Villa, Faustino Miranda, Teófilo Herrera, Alejandro Villalobos, Gonzalo Pérez Higareda, na Héctor Pérez sonyeere ya na njem a. Ya na Alejandro Villalobos jikọrọ aka wee dee akwụkwọ mmụta *Zoology of the Phylum Arthropoda,* ederede etiti maka ịmụ zoology na UNAM. 

## Mgbalị nchekwa
N'ime afọ 1940 na 1950 niile, Vázquez sonyeere n'ọtụtụ ọmụmụ na Southern Mexico na mpaghara Puebla na Oaxaca, ebe o nyere aka rụkwaa iyi nke Osimiri Papaloapan n'akụkụ Papaloapan Commission. 

Na 1957, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Laboratory of Hydrobiology of the Institute of Biology and Parasitology of the Faculty of Medicine na UNAM na oru ngo ikpochapu onchocerciasis, ma ọ bụ ìsì osimiri. 

Na 1984, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Institute of Biology na Secretary of Urban Development and Ecology imepụta mmemme maka nchekwa na ọmụmụ nke nru ububa eze ( *Danaus plexiblus L.* ). 

Iji mụtakwuo maka ịhazi mkpokọta entomology, o haziri njem nyocha na Museum of Natural History na New York, Smithsonian Institution na Washington, DC, Field Museum na Chicago, na ọtụtụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na Los Angeles na San Diego, California. 

## Nkwanye ugwu na ihe nrite
N'ime oge ọrụ ya niile, Vázquez sonyeere n'ọtụtụ obodo gụnyere Entomological Society of America (1932-1982), Mexican Society of Natural History (1946), Lepidopterist's Society (ebe ọ bụ osote onye isi ala ugboro abụọ, na 1958 na 1969), Society. maka Ọmụmụ Evolution (1961–1982), na Association for Tropical Biology (1968–1982). Ọ bụkwa onye na-asọpụrụ nke International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) na 1977 dị ka onye na-ahụ maka nkwanye ùgwù na Survival Service Commission nke IUCN dịka onye otu Lepidoptera Special Group. 

Site na 1952 ruo 1977, ọ bụ onye guzobere otu Mexico Society of Entomology, Academy of Scientific Research, Mexican Society of Genetics, na Mexico Society of Zoology. 

Na 1971, Vázquez nwetara nrite nke Entomological Merit n'aka otu Mexico Society of Entomology. Ọ nwetakwara nzere nsọpụrụ site n'aka otu Mexico Society of Zoology na ngalaba nke sayensị sayensị nke Mahadum Veracruz. 

Vázquez kọwara ụdị osisi na anụmanụ 39, gụnyere urukurubụba, àjà, crustaceans, nematodes, na osisi. *Fouquieria leonila,* osisi nke mebere na steeti Guerrero, Mexico, ka akpọrọ aha ya. 

Ọ jere ozi n'ọtụtụ ọkwa iduzi na UNAM n'ime 1970s, gụnyere dịka onye so na kọmitii na-ahụ maka ndụmọdụ ime, onye isi oche kọleji nke ndị nyocha, onye ndụmọdụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke mahadum, yana onye so na kọmitii nchịkọta akụkọ nke akwụkwọ akụkọ *Serie Zoológica. .* Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye isi ngalaba nke ụmụ anụmanụ site na 1976 ruo 1979. 

### Ụdị raara onwe ya nye
Ọtụtụ ụdị ka akpọpụtara aha wee rara nye Vázquez: 

* *[[Fouquieria leonilae]]*
* *[[Litomosoides leonivazquezae]]*
* *[[Ruizia leonilae]]*
* *[[Polycryptocylix leonilae]]*
* *[[Procambarus vazquezae]]*
* *[[Melanoplerus vazquezae]]*
* *[[Empoasca vasquezae]]*
* *[[Phenogodes vazquezae]]*
* *[[Hydroptila vazquezae]]*
* *[[Protesilaus philolaus f. vazquezae]]*
* *[[Heliconius charitonius vazquezae]]*
* *[[Coloradia vazquezae]]*
* *[[Melanchroia vazquezae]]*
* *[[Synopsia leonilaria]]*

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations