Ọnụ Ụzọ Mmiri

**Theaster Gates** (amuru Ọgọst 28, 1973) bu onye omenkà nrụnye nrụnye mmekọrịta ọha na eze America na prọfesọ na ngalaba nke Visual Arts na Mahadum Chicago .  Amụrụ ya na Chicago, Illinois, ebe ọ ka bi ma na-arụ ọrụ. 

Egosiwo ọrụ Gates na nnukwu ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na ụlọ ngosi nka na mba ụwa yana gbasara atụmatụ obodo, oghere okpukperechi na nka. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ iji mee ka agbata obi na-enweghị nchekwa dịghachi ndụ site na ijikọta atụmatụ obodo na omume nka.  Omume nka nke Gates na-anabata ịchụpụ ego n'ime obodo ndị mepere emepe nke Africa-America, ọkachasị n'ihi nsogbu ego nke 2007-2008, na-ekwu maka mkpa ọ dị maka icheta na iji ụdị omenala ndị ojii kpọrọ ihe, ma na-akpaghasị akwụkwọ nka nka, ọkachasị ndị nke post. -painterly abstraction na agba eserese ubi .

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ ma zụlite Theaster Gates na East Garfield Park na West Side nke Chicago .  Ọ bụ ya bụ ọdụdụ nwa n'ime ụmụ itoolu na otu nwa nwoke.  Nna ya bụ onye na-arụ ụlọ, nne ya bụkwa onye nkụzi ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ụmụnne ya nwanyị nyefere mmasị ha n'ịgba mbọ maka ikike obodo, ezinụlọ ahụ wee gaa chọọchị Baptist ebe Gates, onye otu ukwe, nwere mmasị n'ịrụ ọrụ . Gates gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Lane .

Na 1996, Gates gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Iowa State University na BS na atụmatụ obodo na ceramik.  Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ kọleji, ọ rụrụ ọrụ bụ isi na ceramik wee nọrọ otu afọ na Tokoname, Japan, na-amụ ite ụrọ. O kpebiri na ya chọrọ inyocha okpukperechi na South Africa, na 1998 ọ nwetara akara mmụta MA na Mahadum Cape Town na nka na mmụta okpukpe. 

### Ọrụ mbụ
Ọrụ mbụ nke Gates gbadoro ụkwụ na ọzụzụ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe na ọmụmụ banyere okpukpe atụnyere, na "ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ mbụ ya kwuru gbasara mkpa ọkpụite dị na omenala ndị Japan na ndị Africa na America." 

N'afọ 2007, Gates haziri ihe ngosi echiche na Hyde Park Art Center akpọrọ *Plate Convergence* nke o mere mmemme akụkọ ifo dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme maka efere seramiiki o mere. Akụkọ ifo ahụ metụtara Shoji Yamaguchi, ọkpụite a mụrụ na Japan bụ onye kwagara United States mgbe WWII gachara wee biri na Mississippi, ebe ọ lụrụ nwanyị ojii obodo na onye na-akwado ikike obodo wee kee efere dabara adaba maka nri ndị isi ojii. . Efere ahụ ghọrọ ebe etiti nnọkọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na ebe a na-asa nri maka ịkparịta ụka nka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. N'okwu Gates, "Dịka akụkọ ahụ na-aga, [Yamaguchi] na nwunye ya nwụrụ n'ihe mberede ụgbọ ala na 1991 na nwa ha nwoke tọrọ ntọala Yamaguchi Institute ka ha gaa n'ihu n'ọhụụ ha nke mgbanwe mmekọrịta ọha na eze. Emere m efere seramiiki, na-ese vidio na-edozi nri abalị ma chọta ya. Oghere maka ihe ngosi nke ceramics na vidiyo Anyị nyere nnukwu nri nri mkpụrụ obi Japan, nke onye isi nri Japan na nwanne m nwanyị mere, iji sọpụrụ ndị Yamaguchis na nri abalị ha nwa ma kelee onye ọ bụla maka ịbịa." 

Na 2008, Gates kere ụlọ akwụkwọ akụkọ ifo ya nke abụọ, yana ihe ngosi "Tea Shacks, Collard Greens and the Preservation of Soul" na oghere gallery nwa oge na Chicago nke Gates kpọrọ Center for Proliferation of Afro-Asian Artifacts. 

Na 2010, Gates kere ihe ngosi na-azaghachi ma na-adabere na ọrụ David Drake, nke akpọrọ *Theaster Gates: To Speculate Darkly*, na Milwaukee Art Museum . N'ihe ngosi a, Gates ji ọrụ Drake kwupụta okwu gbasara nka na agbụrụ na akụkọ ntolite America America. 

### wughachi ntọala
Gates bụ onye nchoputa na onye ntụzi ihe nka nke Rebuild Foundation, otu na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ lekwasịrị anya na mmepe mmepe omenala na atụmatụ oghere dị ọnụ ala n'ime obodo ndị nwere ego. N'okpuru nduzi nke Gates, Rebuild Foundation na-ahụ maka ọrụ ugbu a na mpaghara Greater Grand Crossing nke Chicago. Mwughachi nwetara ọkwa 501 (c) (3) na Disemba 2010.  Saịtị mmemme gụnyere Stony Island Arts Bank, the Black Cinema House, Dorchester Art + Housing Collaborative, Archive House, na Ụlọ Ntị. 

Maka ọrụ Dorchester, Gates weghachiri eweghachi ma gbanwee ụlọ ndị nwere ohere ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ ọrụ ọdịnala nwere mkpokọta ebe nchekwa sitere na South Side . Gates's Rebuild Foundation arụzigharịrị ụlọ abụọ na Dorchester Avenue, nke a na-akpọ ugbu a Ụlọ Archive na Ụlọ Ntị. Ụlọ Nchekwa na-ejide akwụkwọ ihe owuwu 14,000 sitere na ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ mechiri emechi.  Ụlọ Ntị na-ejide ihe ndekọ 8,000 zụrụ na mmechi nke Dr. Wax Records. 

### Ụlọ ọrụ Stony Island Arts Bank
Na 2013, Gates zụtara Stony Island State Savings Bank n'obodo Chicago.  Ụlọ akụ, nke a na-akpọ ugbu a dị ka Stony Island Arts Bank, nwere nchịkọta akwụkwọ nke John H. Johnson, onye nchoputa *Ebony* na *Jet* magazin; nchịkọta ndekọ nke Frankie Knuckles, nna nna nke egwu ụlọ ; na slides nke mkpokọta Mahadum Chicago na Art Institute of Chicago .  Na 2015, ọrụ Stony Island ya gụnyere na Chicago Architecture Biennial nke mbụ.  Ọnọdụ anụ ahụ nke Bank nyekwara ohere Gates ka ọ bụrụ ihe ngosi nwa oge nke ndị na-ese ihe, dị ka Glenn Ligon . 

### Na-arụ ọrụ na mkpokọta Archive
Site n'ịrụ ọrụ na mkpokọta Archive gbadoro ụkwụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Africa-American, ọrụ Gates na-ekwu okwu gbasara akụkọ ntolite, ebe nchekwa na uru e nyere akụkọ ihe mere eme ojii na mmepụta omenala. Ọ na-ehota mmetụta na ọrụ nke ya, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Chicago ceramicist Marva Lee Pitchford-Jolly .  Mpempe akwụkwọ 2017 ya "plantation lullabies" gụnyere 4,000 iberibe ihe Gates kọwara dị ka "negrobilia."  Nke a gụnyere: egwu mpempe akwụkwọ ochie, akara, akwụkwọ nta, ụlọ akụ mkpụrụ ego, ihe atụ - dịka akụkụ nke mkpokọta Edward Williams. N'otu aka ahụ, *Black Image Corporation* ya gụnyere iji ebe nchekwa foto nke John H. Johnson - na-elekwasị anya pụrụ iche nye ndị na-ese onyinyo ojii bụ ndị a ma ama n'oge oge ikike obodo - Moneta Sleet, Jr na Isaac Sutton.  Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya na-ejikọta ihe echekwara echekwabara nke akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, dị ka ọtụtụ ọrụ ya nke ejiri ọkụ ọkụ mebie, gụnyere *In Case of Race Riot Break the Glass* (2011) na *Civil Tapestry* series (2011-na-aga n'ihu). Ojiji nke hoses mmegharị ahụ na nnukwu akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ngalaba ndị uwe ojii na-eji ọkụ ọkụ na-awakpo ndị ngagharị iwe n'oge Civil Rights Movement . 

### Mahadum Chicago Arts na Ndụ Ọha
Site na 2011 ruo 2018, Gates bụ onye guzobere Arts + Ndụ Ọha na Mahadum Chicago . N'ime ọrụ a, ọ na-ahụ maka ndị ọrụ na Arts Incubator na Washington Park na Reva na David Logan Center for Arts, netwọk dị ukwuu nke ndị bi na ndị na-ese ihe nleta (gụnyere ndị nọ ugbu a na ndị bụbu ndị sonyere na mmemme obibi anyị), ndị sonyere obodo, ndị mmekọ mmemme., na ndị enyi.  Ọ bụkwa onye prọfesọ zuru oke na ngalaba nke Arts Visual na Mahadum.

Gates bụkwa onye ndu nke Ebe Lab, mmekorita n'etiti Arts + Public Life na Harris School of Public Policy, nke na-arụ ọrụ iji chepụta na mejuputa ụzọ ọhụrụ maka mmepe obodo. Ebe Lab jikọtara ya na obodo ngosi Gary, Akron, Detroit na obodo Knight Foundation ndị ọzọ. 

### Ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ
Na Jenụwarị 2014, o haziri ntinye nde dollar maka ọdụ ụgbọ oloko nke South Side's 95th Street . Ọ bụ ọrụ nka ọha kachasị ukwuu na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Chicago Transit Authority .  Ọ bụ onye sonyere na ihe ngosi nka 2012 DOCUMENTA (13) na Kassel, Germany, 2010 Whitney Biennial na New York,  Milwaukee Art Museum na 2010, ihe ngosi 2010 Art Chicago .  Agụnyere ya na "Aka+ Mere: The Performative Impulse in Art and Craft", na Contemporary Arts Museum Houston, na 2013 nwere ihe ngosi solo, *13th Ballad*, na Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago .  Na May 30, 2014, Gates na jazz pianist Jason Moran duru otu oge arụmọrụ akpọrọ *Looks of a Lot* dị ka akụkụ nke usoro "Symphony Center Presents Jazz" na Chicago Symphony Orchestra 's "Truth to Power Festival."

N'October 2015, Gates kere ntinye na Temple Church, Bristol, England. Ewubere na mmekorita ya na onye nwe ya English Heritage, "Sanctum" ga-enye ebe mgbakọ na 24 awa egwu na arụ ọrụ n'ime ụbọchị 24, na mmemme arụmọrụ nke Arts Council England kwadoro ma mepụta dịka akụkụ nke Bristol 2015 Green Capital. 

N'October 2020, Gates mepere nnukwu ihe ngosi na Gagosian Gallery na New York City. Ihe ngosi a kpọrọ aha bụ *Black Vessel* . Ihe ngosi a na-enyocha isiokwu nke ndụ ezinụlọ, ịhụnanya nne, na ọrụ aka. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị o ji mee ihe n'ihe nkiri ahụ bụ ihe e ji ekpuchi elu ụlọ, bụ́ nsọpụrụ nna ya nke rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-arụ ụlọ. Nrụnye etiti bụ isi ihe ngosi, nke Gates ji brik gbara oji na South Carolina brickworks . Gates zoro aka na ọrịa COVID-19 na oge ọ nọrọ naanị ya dị ka ịmepụta gburugburu ebe ọ ga-esi zụlite echiche ya. 

Ihe ngosi ya *akụkọ ihe mere eme n'ọdịnihu: Theaster Gates na Cauleen Smith*, pụtara na SF MOMA site na Ọktọba 2020-May 2021.  *Ozizi Clay* na London's Whitechapel Gallery wee gosi site na Ọktoba – Jenụarị 2021. Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ihe nkiri ọhụrụ na usoro ụgbọ mmiri seramiiki, ihe ngosi ahụ gụnyere nhọrọ nke ceramics akụkọ ihe mere eme site na nchịkọta nzuzo na nke ọha, gụnyere Victoria na Albert Museum, ebe ọ bụ Emeritus Fellow na V & A Research Institute.  Dị ka akụkụ nke Gates's 2021 – 2022 weghara London, ọ rụkwara ihe ngosi na White Cube Mason's Yard, *Oh, Wind Oh, Wind* na ngosipụta *ntanye ntinye aka #5* na Victoria na Albert Museum.  

### Ọrụ n'ọdịnihu
Gates haziri Pavilion Serpentine 2022 maka gallery Serpentine .  Gates na-arụ ọrụ dị ka otu ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Asif Khan Studio, Sir David Adjaye, na Mariam Kamara ga-eme mgbanwe mgbanwe mmiri mmiri: Canning Dock, nke bụ akụkụ nke atụmatụ 10 afọ nke National Museums Liverpool iji gbanwee mmiri mmiri nke obodo. Ha ga-ewughachi ụlọ nke saịtị ahụ gụnyere ụlọ Dr Martin Luther King Jr, nke ga-anọdụ ala n'etiti etiti ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke mba ụwa .  Gates akọwaala Liverpool Canning Dock dị ka onye na-anọchite anya "otu n'ime saịtị agbụrụ kachasị mkpa na UK" yana ndị otu ahụ chọrọ "inye mmetụta mmetụta uche n'eziokwu nke ịgba ohu na UK n'akụkọ ihe mere eme" site na "iji ngwá ọrụ nke ịmepụta ihe ncheta na ncheta. na ncheta". 

## Nkwenye

* 2008 - Ihe nrite Artadia 
* 2012 - Onye otu ndị nka na United States 
* 2012 - "Onye mmepụta nke afọ" nke *Wall Street Journal* 
* 2012 - #56 na ndepụta *ArtReview* nke narị mmadụ kachasị ike na ụwa nka 
* 2013 - Onyinye mmalite nke Vera List Center maka nka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị 
* 2013 - #40 na ndepụta *ArtReview* nke narị mmadụ kacha ike na ụwa nka 
* 2014 - #44 na ndepụta *ArtReview* nke narị mmadụ kacha ike na ụwa nka 
* 2015 – £40,000 Artes Mundi award na Cardiff, Wales 
* 2015 - Doctorate Honorary of Fine Arts sitere na San Francisco Art Institute
* 2015 – Smithsonian Magazine American Ingenuity Award for Social Progress 
* 2016 - Kurt Schwitters Prize maka 2017 
* 2017 - Chevalier de l'Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur sitere na onye nnọchi anya France na United States, Gérard Araud 
* 2018 - Nasher Prize Laureate na Nasher Sculpture Center 
* 2018 - Urban Land Institute JC Nichols Prize for Visionaries in Urban Development 
* 2019 - #20 na ndepụta *ArtReview* nke narị mmadụ kachasị ike na ụwa nka 
* 2021 - Frederick Kiesler Prize for Architecture and Arts 
* 2021 - #4 na ndepụta *ArtReview* nke narị ndị kacha ike na ụwa nka 
* 2023 - Isamu Noguchi award 

## Ọrụ ndị a ma ama na mkpokọta ọha

* *Whyte Painting (KOH0015)* (2010), Walker Art Center, Minneapolis 
* *Whyte Painting (NGGRWR 00021)* (2010), Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago 
* *Tapestry obodo 4* (2011), Tate, London 
* *Ọtụtụ ndị pere mpe* (2012), Whitney Museum of American Art, New York 
* *Hose maka Ọkụ na Nsogbu Ndị ọzọ dị egwu* (2014), mkpokọta Menil, Houston 
* *Iwu ala (akara ojii)* (2015), National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC 
* *Iwu ala.* *Ntufu efu* (2015), Smithsonian American Art Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 
* *Ọganihu* (2016), Walker Art Center, Minneapolis 
* *Ụgbọ mmiri nke Zayọn* (2016), Colby College Museum of Art, Waterville, Maine 
* *Ụgbọ mmiri ojii maka onye senti* (2017), Ogige Ọkpụkpụ Minneapolis, Walker Art Center 
* *"Ị na-anụ ka m na-akpọ?" (Mama Mamama ma ọ bụ Gịnị bụ Black Power)* (2018), San Francisco Museum of Modern Art na Whitney Museum of American Art, New York  

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations