Quarraisha Abdool Karim

thumb|Quarraisha Abdool Karim na Machị 2016
Quarraisha Abdool Karim bụ onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa na-efe efe na onye na-arụkọ ọrụ na onye isi nchịkwa sayensị nke CAPRISA. Ọ bụ Prọfesọ na Clinical Epidemiology, Mahadum Columbia, New York na Pro-Vice Chancellor for African Health, Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Abdool Karim na Tongaat na South Africa na 1960. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ enyemaka steeti Vishwaroop, Victoria school, na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Tongaat. Ọ na-akpọ nne nne ya na ndị mụrụ ya dị ka ụfọdụ ndị ndụmọdụ ya, na-akụnye n'ime ya mmasị maka ihe ọmụma.[1] Na 1981, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Bachelor of Science na Mahadum Durban-Westville. Abdool Karim gakwara na Mahadum Witwatersrand, [2] na-enweta nzere bachelọ nke sayensị na Biochemistry. Maka nzere masta ya, Abdool Karim kwagara United States, nweta nzere nna ya ukwu na Parasitology na 1988, na Mahadum Columbia. Na 2000, ọ gụchara PhD na nkà mmụta ọgwụ na Mahadum Natal, South Africa..

## Ọrụ
Abdool Karim bụ UNAIDS_Goodwill_Ambassadors_and_Global_Advocates" id="mwLQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS">Onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche nke UNAIDS maka ndị na-eto eto na HIV ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche nke UNAAIDS Advisory Group na onye isi nchịkwa.Ọ bụ onye isi otu nke Kọmitii Na-eduzi maka WHO Covid-19 Solidarity Therapeutics Trial na WHO Covid-19 Tolidarity Vaccines Trial. Abdool Karim bụ onye isi oche nke United Nations 10-Sustainable Development Goal 10 Member Technology Facilitation Mechanism (TFM); ọ bụ onye otu PEPFAR Scientific Advisory Board; ma na-eje ozi na Board of Directors of Friends of the Global Fight Against AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (USA).Abdool Karim bụ osote onye isi oche nke WHO Alliance for Sexual and Reproductive Health; Onye otu Scientific Advisory Board nke Indlela: Behavioral Insights for Better Health; na Onye otu CAPRISA Board of Control.

Nnyocha Abdool Karim n'ime afọ 32 gara aga lekwasịrị anya n'igbochi Nje HIV na ụmụ agbọghọ na ụmụ agbọghọ. Nke a na-agụnye ịme nnwale ahụike site na mmalite, site na ihe akaebe nke echiche na mmejuputa nchọpụta ọhụrụ. Nnyocha ya dị ịrịba ama, nnwale tenofovir gel CAPRISA 004, gosipụtara na nke mbụ na anti-retrovirals nwere ike igbochi Nje HIV. Akwụkwọ akụkọ Science gosipụtara nyocha ahụ dị ka otu n'ime ọganihu *Sayensị* 10 kachasị elu na 2010.Abdool Karim nwere ihe karịrị 200 akwụkwọ ndị ọgbọ nyochara; dezigharịrị ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, nyere ọtụtụ isiakwụkwọ akwụkwọ gụnyere idezi mbipụta nke isii na nke asaa nke *Oxford* Textbook on Global Public Health. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'iwu ntọala sayensị na ndịda Afrịka site na Mahadum Columbia - Southern African Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Programme nke zụrụ ihe karịrị ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị 600 na ndịda Africa. Ọ bụ onye a họpụtara na National Academy of Medicine (USA); na Fellow nke The World Academy of Science, Royal Society of South Africa, Academy of Science of South Africa na African Academy of Science. Ọ bụ onye sayensị South African National Research Foundation A1.

Onyinye sayensị nke Abdool Karim n'igosi adịghị ike nke ụmụ agbọghọ, mkpa maka teknụzụ ụmụ nwanyị malitere na njikọta nke mbọ mgbochi HIV n'ime ọrụ ahụike ọmụmụ mmekọahụ ejirila ihe karịrị onyinye 30 dị elu na nke mba ụwa gụnyere nsọpụrụ kachasị elu nke South Africa, Order of Mapungubwe, site n'aka Onye isi ala South Africa. N'afọ 2020, Abdool Karim nwetara ihe nrite atọ maka ọrụ sayensị ya na mgbochi HIV na ahụike ụmụ nwanyị: Ihe nrite John Dirks Canada Gairdner maka ahụike zuru ụwa ọnụ; Ihe nrite Christophe Mérieux site na French Academies of Sciences; na afọ 500 nke Straits of Magellan Award site na gọọmentị Chile. Ọ bụ onye natara ihe nrite John F.W. Herschel nke 2021 site na Royal Society of South Africa.Ọ bụ onye natara onyinye Kwame Nkrumah nke African Union maka sayensị na teknụzụ; onyinye TWAS-Lenovo site na World Academy of Sciences (TWAS); ihe nrite ọla edo ASSAf Science-for-Society; ihe nrite Gold nke South African Medical Research Council; ihe nrita 2016 L"Oréal-UNESCO Women in Science maka Africa na Arab States; ihe nritu Lifetime Achievement site na Institute of Human Virology na USA; na 2018 HPTN Ward Cates Spirit Award.Ọ natara nzere doctoral * (Honoris Causa) * site na Mahadum Johannesburg (2017) na Mahadum Stellenbosch (2020) na South Africa.Ọ bụ akụkọ ifo dị ndụ maka obodo Durban - nsọpụrụ nke obodo ahụ nyere ụmụ amaala nyere aka n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị iji bulie ọkwa obodo ahụ na mba ụwa. Abdool Karim nwetara onyinye Lasker-Bloomberg Public Service Award nke afọ 2024, ya na Salim Abdool Kariim.

## Nnyocha HIV
N'afọ ndị 1990, ọrịa HIV na-efe efe gburu South Africa. N'oge a, Abdool Karim malitere ọmụmụ ihe omume ya gbasara HIV, na South Africa. O mere nnyocha dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ, na-achọ ịghọta mgbasa nke ọrịa na-efe efe n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị, yana nyocha maka ihe ndị ọzọ dịka okike, afọ, na ịkwaga. N'afọ 1992, Abdool Karim et al. bipụtara akwụkwọ, na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè na ụmụ nwanyị na-enwekwu ọrịa HIV. Nnyocha ahụ chọpụtakwara njikọ dị n'etiti ịkwaga na HIV. A chọpụtara na njikọ a na-emesi ike karịsịa n'etiti ụmụ nwoke. N'ime afọ ndị 1990, Abdool Karim mere ọtụtụ nnyocha ma dee akwụkwọ ole na ole, na-amụ banyere ọrịa ahụ ma na-eme ka ìgwè dị iche iche ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke ọrịa ahụ pụta ìhè.

N'afọ 2007, CAPRISA mere nnwale ụlọ ọgwụ dị ịrịba ama, aha ya bụ CAPRISA 004, na Abdool Karim bụ onye isi nyocha. Ebumnuche bụ isi nke ọmụmụ a bụ iji nyochaa mmetụta Tenefovir gel na-ebelata ihe ize ndụ nke mgbochi nje HIV. Ọnwụnwa gel CAPRISA 004 Tenofovir rụpụtakwara ihe akaebe nke echiche maka Microbicides.[1] N'ozuzu, ọmụmụ ahụ gosipụtara nchebe megide nje HIV, yana mbelata 39% nke ọrịa.[2]. Na mgbakwunye, na XVIII International AIDS Conference, 2010, nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ CAPRISA 004 ha mere ka ha nwee obi ụtọ, ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe na nzukọ sayensị.[3] Na 2017, ya na ndị isi ndị ọzọ sitere na ọrụ ahụ, Abdool Karim deziri The CAPRISA Clinical Trials: Ọgwụgwọ na Mgbochi HIV. . 

Kemgbe ọrụ a, Abdool Karim gara n'ihu na-eme nyocha na bipụta ihe gbasara HIV/AIDS na South Africa. O bipụtara akwụkwọ HIV/AIDS na South Africa ya na di ya na onye ọrụ nyocha Salim Abdool Karim na 2005, na mbipụta nke abụọ e bipụtara na 2010.[1] Na 2015, o deziri mbipụta nke isii nke Oxford Textbook of Global Public Health[2] N'afọ 2017, onye isi oche nke Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchiteanya pụrụ iche nke UNAIDS maka ndị ntorobịa na HIV..

## Nduzi na ịrụ ọrụ maka ịha nhata
N'èzí nyocha ya na HIV na AIDS, Abdool Karim arụkwara ọrụ iji kwalite agụmakwụkwọ na ọzụzụ maka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na South Africa ma jee ozi dị ka onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị na sayensị. Site na Mahadum Columbia-Southern African Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Programme, Abdool Karim arụ ọrụ ịzụ ihe karịrị 600 ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na mpaghara kemgbe 1998.

Ọ na-ekwukwa okwu ma na-agba ajụjụ ọnụ na-akọwa ihe isi ike ndị metụtara ịbụ nwanyị na nyocha yana ịgba ụmụ agbọghọ ume ịchụso sayensị.

## Onyinye na nsọpụrụ
Abdool Karim enwetala ọtụtụ onyinye maka ọrụ ya na nyocha ọrịa AIDS. Nke a gụnyere ihe nrite TWAS-Lenovo Science. N'ebe a, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ natara onyinye ahụ, na-anata onyinye $ 100,000.

* 2010: CAPRISA 004 Ule nke *Sayensị* gosipụtara dị ka otu n'ime Top 10 sayensị ọganihu nke afọ 
* 2011: Ihe nrite Olusegun Obasanjo 
* 2013: Usoro nke Mapungubwe (Bronze) 
* 2014: Ihe nrite sayensị TWAS-Lenovo 
* 2014: SAMRC Scientific Merit Award (Gold) 
* 2014: ASSAF Science-for-Society Award (Gold) 
* 2015: Onyinye eThekwini Living Legends 
* 2016: Onyinye L'Oreal-UNESCO maka ụmụ nwanyị na sayensị 
* 2020: Canada Gairdner Global Health Award 
* 2020: Ihe nrite Christophe Mérieux
* 2020: Onyinye Straits of Magellan
* 2022: Ihe nrite VinFuture
* 2024: Lasker~Bloomberg Public Service Award 

N'afọ 2017, BBC kpọrọ Abdool Karim dịka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị asaa na-ebute ụzọ na sayensị. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Quarraisha Abdool Karim lụrụ onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa na-efe efe na South Africa,Salim Abdool Karim, onye ya na ya na-arụkọ ọrụ mgbe ụfọdụ na nyocha. O nwere ụmụ atọ.

Abdool Karim nwere ụlọ na Durban.

## Edemsibia

Otú:1960 births
Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations