Baghdad Ndị Juu Arabic

Baghdad Jewish Arabic (Arabic) ma ọ bụ autonym **<span cx-link="" data-linkid="110" data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" href="./Iraq" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Iraq">Iraq Arabic-language text" typeof="mw:Transclusion">''haki mal yihud''</span>
** (okwu ndị Juu) ma ọ dị ka **** (okwu anyị)  bụ ụdị asụsụ Arabik dị iche iche nke ndị Juu bi na Baghdad na obodo ndị ọzọ dị na Lower Mesopotemia na Iraq na-asụ. Asụsụ a dị iche na Arabic nke dị na North Mesopotamian nke ndị Juu na-asụ n'obodo ndị dị na Upper Mesopotamian dịka Mosul na Anah. Baghdadi na Northern Mesopotamian bụ ụdị asụsụ Arabic nke Judeo-Iraqi.

Dịka ọ dị n'ọtụtụ obodo ndị Juu na Arab, o yikarịrị ka ọ ga-adị ole na ole, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị, ndị na-asụ asụsụ Arabic nke Judeo-Iraqi, bụ́ ndị ka bi na Iraq. Kama, a na-ejigide olumba ndị a ma ọ bụ na-eche nnukwu ihe ize ndụ ihu n'etiti ndị bi na mba Judeo-Iraqi dị iche iche, ya bụ, ndị Izrel na United States. Na 2014, ihe nkiri Farewell Baghdad (Arabic: مطير الحمام; Hibru: מפריח היונים, lit. 'The Dove Flyer'), nke a na-eme n'asụsụ Arabic nke ndị Juu Baghdadi, ghọrọ ihe nkiri mbụ a na-eme ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kpamkpam n'asụsụ Arabic nke Judeo-Iraqi.

## Nchịkọta
Baghdad Jewish A*ra* (na Baghdadi Christian A*ra*) yiri North Mesopotamian Arabic, na n'ebe dị anya Syrian Arabic, karịa Baghdadi Arabic nke ndị Alakụba Baghdadi na-asụ. Ndị Alakụba na-asụ asụsụ *gilit* (site n'otú ha si akpọpụta okwu Arabic maka "M kwuru") ebe ndị ọzọ bụ asụsụ *Qeltu*. Ihe ọzọ yiri ya n'etiti ndị Juu Arab nke Baghdad na ndị Arab nke North Mesopotamian bụ ịkpọpụta ra dị ka Uvalar. Ihe pụrụ iche a laghachiri azụ ọtụtụ narị afọ: n'ihe odide ndị Juu na Arab nke Iraq nke oge ochie, a na-agbanwerịta mkpụrụedemede ra na *ghayn* ugboro ugboro.

A na-eche na olumba *Qeltu* na-anọchite anya olumba Arabic ochie nke Mesopotemia ebe olumba *gilit* sitere Ndị Bedouin. Ihe ọzọ nwere ike ịbụ mmalite ugwu nke obodo ndị Juu nke Baghdad mgbe 1258 gasịrị (lee n'okpuru n'okpuru Akụkọ ihe mere eme).

Dị ka Northern Mesopotamia na Syrian Arabic, Jewish Baghdadi Arabic na-egosi ụfọdụ ihe ịrịba ama nke Aramaic substrate. Violette Shamosh  dere na, na Seder nke Ememe Ngabiga, ọ nwere ike ịghọta ụfọdụ n'ime akụkụ ndị dị na Aramaic mana ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime isi ndị dị na Hibru.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Mwakpo Mongol kpochapụrụ ọtụtụ ndị bi na Mesopotemia. Mgbe e mesịrị, asụsụ Qeltu Baghdadi mbụ ahụ kwụsịrị n'ihi nnukwu mbata Bedouin na Lower Mesopotemia ma e jiri asụsụ gilit nke ndị Bedouin metụtara dochie ya. Ndị Juu nke Baghdad bụ ndị obodo buru ibu, ha na-echekwakwa asụsụ Baghdad tupu Mongol wakpo n'ụdị ndị Juu ya, nke yiri ya mana ọ dịtụ iche na asụsụ Baghdadi izugbe n'ihi mmetụta asụsụ nke Hibru na Aramaic Judeo-Babylon, kama Aramaic Babilọn izugbe nke dị tupu mwakpo ndị Alakụba...

Dị ka ọ dị na okpukpe na agbụrụ ndị ọzọ na-ebikọ ọnụ na Baghdad, ndị Juu ekwuola ma dee ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị n'asụsụ ha pụrụ iche, na-enweta mmetụta asụsụ ha n'ụzọ dị ukwuu site na Asụsụ Hibru na Judeo-Aramaic yana site na asụsụ ndị dị ka Sumerian, Akkadian, Persian, na Turkic. Ịmụ asụsụ Arabic n'otu oge na ịgụ na ide nke ndị Alakụba na-ejikarị eme ihe bụkwa ihe a na-ahụkarị.

Site na mkpagbu na ịkwaga mba ọzọ, a na-eji asụsụ ahụ eme ihe n'ime obodo ndị Juu na ndị Iraq, na-agafe Bombay, Calcutta, Singapore, Hong Kong, Manchester na ọtụtụ obodo ukwu ndị ọzọ. Mgbe ọtụtụ ndị Juu si Iraq kwaga Israel n'etiti afọ 1940 na 1960, Israel bịara nwee otu nnukwu obodo asụsụ nke ndị na-asụ Arabic na Judaeo-Iraqi. Site n'ọgbọ ndị sochirinụ a mụrụ ma zụlite ha n'Izrel, ọ bụ ndị okenye ka na-asụ Judeo-Baghdadi na ụdị ndị ọzọ nke Judeo-Iraqi Arabic. Ndị Israel nke ndị Iraqi n'aka nke ha bụ ndị na-asụ otu Asụsụ Hibru nke Oge A.

## Orthography
Ndị Juu nke Baghdad nwekwara ederede Judeo-Arabic nke dị iche na asụsụ a na-asụ ma jiri mkpụrụedemede Hibru. E nwere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ okpukpe e bipụtara n'asụsụ ahụ, gụnyere ọtụtụ Nsụgharị Bible na *Qanūn an-nisā*' (figur النساء) nke hakham Yosef Hayyim.

Ndị nkuzi nọ na Baghdad jiri usoro na-esonụ kọwaa mkpụrụedemede Hibru ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya: 

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu
JB bụ onye na-agbaso omenala n'ichekwa ụdaume Arabic oge ochie. Classical Arabic  anọgidewo dị ka uvular (ma ọ bụ post-velar) nkwụsị, dị ka Christian Baghdad Arabic, mana n'adịghị ka Muslim Baghdad Arabic ebe a na-akpọ ya .[a]  na-ejigide dị ka , dị ka na Christian Baghdadi, mana n'adịghị ka olumba ndị Alakụba ebe ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ . A na-echekwa /ð, θ, ðɣ/ nke oge ochie Arabic, dị ka na Muslim Baghdadi Arabic (Christian Baghdadi Arabic na-agwakọta ha na /d, t, dī/). /dī/ agbakwunyere na /ðɣ/.

E nwere obere ụzọ abụọ ole na ole na /lɣ, bɣ/ (dịka wáḷḷa 'site n'aka Chineke! (iyi) ' vs. *wálla* 'ọ hapụrụ', 'nna, nna' vs. *Baba* 'ọnụ ụzọ ya'). N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ ọzọ, enwere akụkụ velarized nke a na-apụghị igosi na ọ bụ phonemic, mana nke a na'apụghị dochie anya ya, dịka *ṃāṃa* 'nne, mummy'. E nwere ụfọdụ ogo nke nkwekọrịta velarization.

 bụ otu n'ime isi ihe dị iche iche nke ndị Juu (dị iche na ndị Alakụba, mana ọ bụghị Ndị Kraịst) Baghdadi Arabic. Old Arabic  agbanweela na  (dị ka Christian, mana ọ bụghị Muslim, Baghdadi Arabic). Otú ọ dị, e webatara  ọzọ na mgbazinye ego ndị na-abụghị ndị Arab (dịka *braxa* 'ngọzi' < Heb. ברכה, *qūri* 'teapot' < Pers. *qūrī*). Okwu ndị a gbazitere n'oge a site n'Asụsụ Arabic ndị ọzọ nwekwara ụda a; nke a na-eduga mgbe ụfọdụ n'ọnọdụ ebe otu okwu ahụ nwere ike ịnwe ụdị abụọ dabere na ihe gbara ya gburugburu, dịka *ʿáskaġ* 'ndị agha' vs. *ḥākəm ʿáskari* 'iwu agha'. E nwere ọtụtụ ọnọdụ ebe mgbanwe a na-eduga na mgbanwe dị nro n'ihe ọ pụtara, dịka faġġ 'ọ wụsara, nye nri' vs. *farr* 'ọ tụbara'. 

### Mkpụrụedemede

### Suprasegmentals
Nkwado na-abụkarị na mkpụrụedemede kachasị elu ma ọ bụ nke abụọ, mana mgbe ụfọdụ na antipenultimate (karịsịa na mgbazinye ego ma ọ bụ okwu mgbagwoju anya). 

## Asụsụ

### Ngwaa

## Hụkwa

* Baghdadi Arabic
* Asụsụ ndị Juu na ndị Arab
* Arabic nke ndị Juu na ndị Iraq
* Mesopotamian Arabic
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## Edemsibia

### Ihe ndị e dere n'akwụkwọ

### Ebe e si nweta ya
 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ihe ndekọ ndị Juu nke Baghdadi
* Baghdadi Jewish Arabic-Hebrew dictionary E debere  Wayback Machine (N'asụsụ Hibru) 

Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations