Asụsụ Iu Mien

Asụsụ **Iu Mien** ( Iu Mien  ,  ; Chinese or; Thai   ) bụ asụsụ ndị Iu Mien na-asụ na China (ebe a na-ewere ha dị ka ndị mejupụtara ndị Yao ), Laos, Vietnam, Thailand na, n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, United States na mba ọzọ. Dị ka asụsụ Mien ndị ọzọ, ọ bụ ụda ụda na monosyllabic .

Ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na China na-ewere olumba a na-asụ na Changdong, Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County, Guangxi ka ọ bụrụ ọkọlọtọ. Iu Mien na-asụkwa ọkọlọtọ a na West, Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na ọtụtụ ndị si Laos gbara ọsọ ndụ, olumba ha na-agụnye mmetụta sitere na asụsụ Lao na Thai. 

Iu Mien nwere 78% myirịta lexical na Kim Mun (Lanten), 70% na Biao-Jiao Mien, na 61% na Dzao Min . 

## Nkesa ala
Na China, a na-asụ ya na mpaghara ndị a (Mao 2004: 302–303).  Enwere ndị na-ekwu okwu 130,000 na mpaghara Hunan, yana ndị na-ekwu okwu 400,000 na Guangxi, Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou na Jiangxi .

* *Guangxi* : Yangshuo , Lingui, Guanyang, Ziyuan, Xing'an, Longsheng, Gongcheng , Yongfu, Luzhai, Lipu, Mengshan, Pingle, Jinxiu, Yishan, Rong'an, Rongshui, Luocheng , Shang'an, Napo, Lingyun, Tianlin, Cangwu, Hezhou, Fuchuan, Zhaoping, Fangcheng, Shangsi
* *Guangdong* : Yingde, Lechang, Shixing, Qujiang, Renhua, Wengyuan, Ruyuan, Liannan, Lianshan, Yangshan, Yangchun
* *Yunnan* : Hekou, Jinping, Honghe, Mengla, Malipo, Maguan, Gangnan, Funing, Wenshan
* *Guizhou* : Rongjiang, Congjiang, Sandu, Danzhai, Leishan, Zhenfeng, Luodian
* *Jiangxi* : Quannan, Shanggao
* *Hunan* : Jianghua .​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​ nakwa na Longzha Township (龙渣瑶族乡), Yanling County

Na Vietnam, ndị Dao bụ ndị Đại Bản, Tiểu Bản, Quần Chet, Ô Gang, Cóc Ngáng, na obere otu Cóc Mùn na-asụ asụsụ Iu Mien. 

## fonology

### Consonants
Enwere ekwentị consonant 31 akpọtụrụ na Iu Mien. Ihe dị iche iche nke consonants Iu Mien bụ ọnụnọ imi na akụkụ na-enweghị olu.

# Usoro mkpoputa ọkọlọtọ maka Iu Mien anaghị anọchi anya ụda nkwụsị n'ụzọ dabara na akara IPA, kama ọ na-eji eg ⟨ ⟩, ⟨ d ⟩, na ⟨ nd ⟩ na-anọchi anya  . Nke a nwere ike ịpụta site na mbọ ịchebe usoro mkpoputa Iu Mien na Pinyin (nke a na-anọchite anya Mandarin Chinese ), ebe ⟨ ⟩ na ⟨ ⟩ na-anọchi anya  . A na-ahụkwa mmetụta Pinyin n'iji ⟨ c ⟩, ⟨ z ⟩, na ⟨ nz ⟩ iji nọchite anya alveolar affricates  ⟨ ⟩, ⟨ j ⟩, na ⟨ nj ⟩ maka postalveolar affricates  . Iji ⟨ ng ⟩ na-anọchi anya imi velar  pụtara na enweghịkwa ike iji ya nọchite anya , dị ka a ga-ebu amụma; kama, ⟨ nq ⟩ ka eji.
# Dị ka Aumann na Pan si kwuo,  n'otu olumba ndị China, postalveolar affricates bụ ihe nkwụsị palatal (  ).
# Dị ka Daniel Bruhn si kwuo,  imi na-enweghị olu bụ n'ezie usoro  (ya bụ obere imi imi  na-esochi imi akpọpụtara), ebe mpụta na-enweghị olu bụ n'ezie mgbakasị mpụta na-enweghị olu  .
# Bruhn chọpụtakwara na ndị ọgbọ Iu Mien America nwere ike iji  dochie imi na-enweghị olu na akụkụ ndị na-enweghị olu. na alveolo-palatal na-akpakọrịta na ụdị palato-alveolar ha kwekọrọ. 

#### Mmalite
Ọ na-egosi na fọnịm otu consonant niile ewezuga  nwere ike ime dị ka mmalite .  

#### Coda
N'adịghị ka Hmong, nke na-amachibido consonants coda n'ozuzu, Iu Mien nwere otu ụda ekwentị asaa otu nwere ike were ọnọdụ coda. Consonants ndị a bụ  . Ụfọdụ nkwụsị nwere ike ime naanị dị ka nkwenye ikpeazụ mgbe a na-ejikọta ya na ụfọdụ ụda ; ọmụmaatụ,  naanị na-apụta na ụda ⟨ c ⟩ ma ọ bụ ⟨ ⟩ .

### Ntụaka
mmadụ 443 ndị a nyochara na-ekwu na ha na-asụ asụsụ ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghị asụ ya dị ka asụsụ obodo ha. A na-eji ya dị ka asụsụ asụsụ n'ahịa karịa n'ụlọ.mmadụ 443 ndị a nyochara na-ekwu na ha na-asụ asụsụ ahụ, n'agbanyeghị na ọtụtụ n'ime ha anaghị asụ ya dị ka asụsụ obodo ha. A na-eji ya dị ka asụsụ asụsụ n'ahịa karịa n'ụlọ. 

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ
 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Blọọgụ ịntanetị nke ndị America Iu Mien dere
* Asụsụ Mienh.net
* Obodo Iu-Mien dị n'ịntanetị
* Alaeze Mien – Nzukọ Ogbe
* http://www.smithpanh.com
* Ngwa OLAC na gbasara asụsụ Iu Mien
* Ntinye Structures Atlas nke ụwa
* LearnMien.com