Gwynfor Evans

**Gwynfor Richard Evans** (1 Septemba 1912 - 21 Eprel 2005) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Wales, onye ọka iwu na onye edemede. Ọ bụụrụ onye isi oche nke òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Wales Plaid Cymru ruo afọ iri atọ na isii ma bụrụ onye omeiwu mbụ nọchitere anya ya na Westminster, nke o mere ugboro abụọ, site na 1966 ruo 1970, na ọzọ site na 1974 ruo 1979.

Mgbe ọ banyere na House of Commons, ọ dara na mgbalị ya inweta ikike ịṅụ iyi oru n'Asụsụ Welsh. Ọ bụ onye omeiwu mbụ nwara ime nke a, mana e nyeghị ikike ịṅụ iyi ọrụ n'asụsụ ọ bụla na-abụghị Bekee na UK ruo 1974. Ihe kachasị a ma ọ rụzuru bụ mkpọsa ya gara nke ọma maka ịmepụta ọwa telivishọn asụsụ Welsh.

## Ndụ Mmalite
A mụrụ Gwynfor Evans na Barry, dị nso na Cardiff, nye Dan Evans na Catherine Richard. O nwere nwanne nwoke aha ya bụ Alcwyn, na nwanne nwanyị aha ya bụ Ceridwen. Nna ya nwere ọtụtụ ụlọ azụmahịa na Barry, nne ya nweekwa ụdị ụlọ azụmahịa ndị China. Nne ya sụrụ asụsụ Welsh nke ọma. Dịka nwata nwoke, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Gladstone Road School. Ka e mesịrị, ọ gara akwụkwọ na  Barry County School, ebe ọ bụ onye isi òtù egwuregwu ụmụ akwụkwọ maka egwuregwu krịket na họki. Gburugburu ahụ bụ asụsụ Bekee ka ha na-asụkarị; n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ọ malitere mụwa Asụsụ Welsh mana ọ sụghị ya nke ọma ruo mgbe o mere afọ iri na asaa. &#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

Evans gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Wales, Aberystwyth, yana na St John's College, Oxford, ebe o si tozuo ịbụ ọkaiwu. Mgbe ọ nọ na St John's, ọ ghọrọ onye òtù Dafydd ap Gwilym n'ebe ahụ. Ọ bụkwaara onye nlekọta ogige ahịa. Ọ dị afọ iri na ụma mgbe e guzobere òtù Welsh nationalist party Plaid Cymru n'afọ 1925, o wee hiwe alaka nke òtù ahụ mgbe ọ nọ na Oxford.  Ọ ghọrọ onye isi òtù ahụ na 1945 ma nọgide n'ọ́kwá ahụ ruo 1981. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

Onye bụ òkpé udo, ọ malitere na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Heddychwyr Cymru, ụlọ ọrụ Welsh nwere njikọ chiri anya n'òtù Peace Pledge Union, na-eje ozi dịka odeakwụkwọ yana onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka mpempe akwụkwọ mgbasa ozi a nọ na-ebi n'oge niile nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. Onye bụkwa onye na-eso ụzọ Kraịst dị uchu, ọ kpọrọ onwe ya conscientious objector nke a chọrọ na ọ ga apụta n'ụlọ ikpe kwuo nke, mgbe ahụrụ nkwesi ike n'okwukwe ya, e debanyere aha ya ozugbo na-enweghị ọnọdụ ọbụla a gbakwunyere na ya. &#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

A na-eto Evans maka idebe Plaid Cymru la ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'afọ ndị na-adịghị mma nke ndị 1940 na ndị 1950. N'afọ ndị 1950, o mere mkpọsa na-enweghị isi maka inwe ndị omeiwu Welsh. Ọ sonyeere ndị obodo ahụ Dafydd Roberts na Elizabeth May Watkin Jones na ngagharị iwe ha megide mmechi na idei mmiri na-eme n'obodo ha Capel Celyn. Nke a bụ n'ihi atụmatụ nke itinye dam n'osimiri Tryweryn iji nye obodo Liverpool mmiri. Nke a bụ ihe a ma ama na Wales na mbido afọ ndị 1960. 

N'afọ 1962, Evans sonyeere Wales West na North Television, nke ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị isi n'ọrụ ahụ. O meriri ITV franchise maka mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ na mgbago ugwu Wales, mana ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dara n'ihi nsogbu ego, e wee jikọta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ya na ụlọ ọrụ ọzọ, Television Wales na West.

== Ihe ndekọ ntuli aka ==

=== Gọọmentị okpuru ọchịchị na ntuli aka ndị omeiwu mbụ ===
[[Faịlụ:1959_Election_in_Merioneth_(1492198).jpg|thumb|Evans mgbe ọ na-ekwu okwu na Merioneth, n'oge ntuli aka UK nke afọ 1959]]
A họpụtara Evans ka ọ bụrụ onye òtù kansụl Carmarthenshire County na 1949, na-anọgide n'oche ya ruo afọ iri abụọ na ise sochirinụ, na-abụkarị naanị onye nnọchi anya Plaid Cymru sọọsọ ya, na-enweta aha njirimara "Evans dual carriageway" maka nkwadosi ike ya n'imeziwanye njikọ njem. N'afọ 1973, mgbe e wepụrụ Kansụl Carmarthenshire County, a họpụtaghị Evans na Kansụl Dyfed County ọhụrụ. Evans zọrọ makaMerioneth na ntuli aka nke 1945, 1950, 1955 na 1959, na ntuliaka nke 1954 Aberdare.

=== 1966 Ntuli aka nke Carmarthen ===
N'afọ 1964, Evans wefere achụmnta vootu ya na Carmarthen. N'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Julaị n'afọ 1966, Evans meriri oche onye omeiwu nke Carmarthen site n'òtù Labour na ntuli aka e mere naanị ya maka ọnwụ nke Lady Megan Lloyd George, nwa nwanyị nke onye bụbu praịm minista Liberal, David Lloyd George, ebe ọ bụ na ọ gbara onye nke atọ na ntuliaka ọha e mere izu ole na ole gara aga tupu mgbe ahụ. Ọ zọkwara oche ahụ na Ntuli aka nke afọ 1964. A na-ewere mmeri ya na ntuli aka a dị ka oge dị mkpa nye Plaid Cymru. Onye òkpé udo ibe ya bụ Emrys Hughes, ọgọ Keir Hardie, gosiri ya gburugburu House of Commons; mgbe ọ na-atụ aka na tebụl Welsh Labour n'ime ụlọ ọṅụṅụ tii nke Commons, Hughes dọrọ ya aka ná ntị, "Ọ ga-akakwara gị mma ka ị ghara ịnọdụ ala n'ebe ahụ, aha gị bụ apịtị n'etiti ọtụtụ ahụ dị ebe ahụ. "

Mgbe ọ banyere na House of Commons, ọ dara n'ụzọ dàrà ụda na mgbalị ya inweta ikike ịṅụ iyi ọrụ n'Asụsụ Welsh. Ọ bụ onye omeiwu mbụ nwara ime nke a, mana e nyeghị ikike ịṅụ iyi ọrụ n'asụsụ ọbụla na-abụghị Bekee na UK ruo n'afọ 1974.

=== Ihe ndekọ ntuli aka mgbe e mesịrị ===
Na Ntuli aka nke afọ 1970, Gwynoro Jones nke Labour merìrì Evans n'oche Carmarthen ya ma dakwaa n'iweghachite ya na ntuli aka Febụwarị 1974 site na naanị vootu atọ. Ọ weghachiri oche ahụ, na ọnụ ọgụgụ ka ukwuu nke vootu puku atọ , narị isii na iri anọ na ntuli aka nke Ọktoba 1974, mgbe ọ laghachiri na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu ya na ndị omeiwu Plaid Cymru abụọ ọzọ, Dafydd Wigley na Dafydd Elis Thomas.

Evans tufuru oche Carmarthen ọzọ na Ntuli aka nke afọ 1979, nye Roger Thomas (nke òtù Labour kwa). Ọ dakwara na Ntuli aka nke afọ 1983, wee kwụsịzie ịzọ ọkwa ọchịchị ọzọ.

== Ọrụ dị ka onye omeiwu ==
Na House of Commons, Evans kwenyesiri ike n'ụkpụrụ ikpe udo ya n'ịbụ otu n'ime ndị omeiwu ole na ole na-emegide nkwado gọọmentị Britain na-enye gọọmentị etiti Naijiria site n'inye ha ngwá agha na agha obodo megide [[Bịafra|Biafra]] (1967-1970).  O megidekwara Agha Vietnam: mgbe e gbochiri ya ịbanye na mba ahụ dị ka otu onye n'ime òtù ndị nnyocha, kama o mere ngagharị iwe n'èzí ọdụ ụgbọ elu US dị na Thailand.

Evans bụ onye isi oche mbụ (na nke ikpeazụ) nke Celtic League 1961-71. Robert McIntyre nke SNP bụ osote onye isi oche n'oge ahụ.

== Ndụ Agadi ya ==
Ihe kachasị ama ọ rụzuru bụ mkpọsa ya gara nke ọma maka ịmepụta ọwa telivishọn Asụsụ Welsh. N'afọ 1980, egwu ọ nọ na-eyi na ọ ga-anọwa agụụ, mgbe gọọmentị Conservative lara azụ n'imezu nkwa ha kwere na mgbé ntuli aka iguzobe ọwa telivishọn n'asụsụ Welsh, nyere aka n'iweta mgbanwe n'oge Margaret Thatcher, nke mere na S4C malitere mgbasa ozi na 1 Nọvemba 1982.

Mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ọ ghọrọ onye edemede na-ede ọtụtụ ihe, ọkachasị n'isiokwu Welsh na ide akwụkwọ na Welsh na mbipụta ya n'asụsụ Bekee n'otu oge ahụ kwa ma ọ bụ mgbe e mesịrị. Ọrụ ya  (''Ọ Na-adịgide adịgide'') (nke e bipụtara na 1971), akụkọ ihe mere eme zuru oke nke Wales, na nsụgharị n'asụsụ Bekee ya Land of my Fathers: 2000 Years of Welsh History (nke e bipụtara na 1974), aghọworị ndị a kacha ere n'ahịa.

== Ndụ onwe onye ==
N'afọ 1941, Evans lụrụ Rhiannon Prys Thomas, onye nọrọ ọnwa itoolu nwụọ, ọ nwụrụ na 13 Jenụwarị 2006.  Ha nwere ụmụ asaa. Nwa ha nwanyị, [[Meinir Ffransis|Meinir]], ghọrọ onye a ma ama na-asụ asụsụ Welsh ma lụọ [[Ffred Ffransis]].

== Ọnwụ ==
Evans nwụrụ n'ụlọ ya na Pencarreg na 21 Eprel 2005 mgbe ọ dị afọ irí itoolu na abụọ.   

=== Akụkọ Otuto ===
[[Faịlụ:Gwynfor_Evans_memorial_-_geograph.org.uk_-_452200.jpg|thumb|Ihe ncheta Gwynfor Evans, n'ụzọ Garn Goch hillfort, dị nso na Llandeilo]]
Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Welsh jikọtara ọnụ n'ịkwanyere Gwynfor Evans ùgwù:

* "E wepụ Gwynfor Evans ịnọ n'isi Plaid Cymru nwere ike ọ gaghị anọ ndụ ịhụ agamnihu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'afọ ndị sochiri. E nwetara mmetụta ya gafee gburugburu òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Wales agaghị abụ mba ọ bụ taa — eleghị anya agaghị agụ ya dịka mba chaachaa — m'ọbụrụ n'ọbụghị Gwynfor Evans." — [[Dafydd Iwan]], President of Plaid Cymru.
* "N'agbanyeghị na mmekọrịta ya na ndị omeiwu òtù Labour adịchaghị mma mgbe niile, e nweghị nkwujọ ọnụ ọbụla dị basara ihe ntinye ya buru nnukwu ibu nye ndụ ọhaneze Welsh, ọkachasị n'ibulite akụkọ gbasara Wales yana okwu ndị metụtara asụsụ Welsh n'ogologo oge ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Welsh na Britain" – Rhodri Morgan, Minista nke mbụ nke  Gọọmentị Welsh (Labour).
* "Gwynfor Evans mere ntinye pụrụ iche na ndụ ọhaneze Welsh public onye a ga-echeta ọkachasị maka mbulite ya nke asụsụ Welsh." – Peter Hain, Odeakwụkwọ Steeti nke Wales (Labour).
* "Wales etufuola otu n'ime ndị o nwere kachasị mkpa nke oge ndị a. Gwynfor Evans bụụrụ onye a na-akwanyere ùgwù n'ebe ọ dị elu onyw mere ntinye dàrà ụda na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Wales. Ndekọ ihe ọ rụzuru n'iweta mgbasa ozi n'asụsụ Welsh nye mba bụ n'onwe ya, nnukwu ihe uru." – Nick Bourne, onye ndú nke òtù Welsh Conservative Party.
* "Gwynfor jere ozi n'òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya ọfụma ma.nwenwuo Ike iduba ha n'ịgs nke ọma nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọ dọtara nsọpụrụ site n'akụkụ niile nke ọ̀gbọ́ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Ọnwụ ya gosiri ngwụcha nke otu àgbà n'akụkọ ihe méré eme nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Wales". – Mike German, Leader of the Welsh Liberal Democrats.
* A malitere ime mkpọsa maka iwu ihe onyonyo Gwynfor Evans na-adịgide adịgide na Carmarthen.
* Ime mkpọsa sitere n'aka onye nkuzi praịmarị n'ógbè ahụ, Gwenno Hughes, iguzobe ihe ncheta na-adịgide adịgide nye Evans, n'obodo ebe a mụrụ ya, meziri ka a rụọ bust eji ọlanchara mee nke onye ọ̀kpụ́ ihe  John Meirion Morris mere n'ọ́bá akwụkwọ Barry na 2010. Ego e ji wuo ihe ncheta ahụ bụ ndị ọrụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nọ n'obodo ahụ Ysgol Gymraeg Sant Baruc tụkọtara ya. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

## Akwụkwọ Ndị O Dere

* *Aros Mae* (1971) (English version: *Land of my Fathers: 2000 Years of Welsh History* (1974)  )
* *Byw neu farw? : y frwydr dros yr iaith a'r Sianel deledu gymraeg / Life or death? : the struggle for the language and a Welsh TV channel*  (1980  , bilingual text)
* *Diwedd Prydeindod* (1981,  )
* Autobiography: *Bywyd Cymro* (1982) (English version: *For the Sake of Wales* (1986)  )
* *The Fight for Welsh Freedom* (2000,  )
* *Cymru o Hud* (2001,  ) (English version: *Eternal Wales* (2001)  )

## Hụkwa

* Royal Commission on the Constitution (United Kingdom) 

## Edensibịa

* Hansard1803–2005: intinye na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu site n'aka Gwynfor Evans
* Gwynfor Evans Website - nke ezinụlọ ya na-elekọta

Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations