Aïda Muluneh

**Aïda Muluneh** (amụrụ n'afọ 1974, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia) Onye Etiopia na-ese foto, onye nkuzi, na onye ọchụnta ego a maara maka foto Afrofuturist ya nke na-etinye agba na ihe osise ahụ  iji mepụta ihe nkiri ndị na-enweghị isi.

Muluneh nwetara ihe nrite European Union na African Photography Encounters na CRAF International Award of Photography. N'afọ 2020, e nyere ya ihe nrite maka foto foto nke Royal Foto Society 

N'afọ 2019, Aïda ghọrọ nwanyị ojii mbụ na-ahụ maka ihe ngosi Nobel Peace Prize,  na 2020, e nyere onyinye Nobel Peace Prize na World Food Program.  Iji mee emume a dị mkpa, Muluneh mepụtara nchịkọta nke gosipụtara ọhụụ nka ya miri emi. N'ụzọ doro anya, na-elekwasị anya n'igosi etu esi eji agụụ eme ihe dị ka ngwá agha agha n'akụkọ ihe mere eme.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Muluneh na Addis Ababa, Ethiopia na 1974.  Ọ nọrọ na Saịprọs, Gris, UK, na Yemen mgbe ọ bụ nwata tupu ọ gaa biri na Canada na 1985. Dị ka onye nọ n'afọ iri na ụma, Muluneh gara Western Canada High School na Alberta, Canada. Mgbe ọ nọ n'ebe ahụ, ọ nọ na otu egwuregwu basketball nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ma nwee ọchịchọ ịghọ onye na-agba bọọlụ. O chekwara echiche ịghọ onye ọka iwu ma ọ bụ onye na-eme nke ọma n'ọrụ a ma ama. Atụmatụ ndị a gbanwere n'ụzọ a na-atụghị anya ya, mgbe onye nkuzi nka ya meghere ụlọ ọchịchịrị a na-ejighịzi eme ihe maka ụmụ akwụkwọ ya ma nye ya igwefoto iji mee ihe. Ọ bụ ezie na Muluneh malitere ise foto n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ cheghị ya dị ka ọrụ ruo mgbe nna nna ya, onye bi na Etiopia, bịara ileta ezinụlọ ya. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ndị agha ụgbọelu nke Etiopia, ma nwee mmasị ise ihe n'oge ezumike ya. Ọ hụrụ ihe n'ọrụ ya wee gwa ya ka ọ gaa n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe, kama iwepụ mmasị ya dị ka ihe ntụrụndụ. Ọ natara BA ya na ihe nkiri, redio, na telivishọn na Mahadum Howard n'afọ 2000.   Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto na *Washington Post*,  [2] ma kemgbe ahụ, egosila ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ.[5] Ọ laghachiri Etiopia ma nọrọ na Addis Ababa.[2]

## Isiokwu ndị dị mkpa
Muluneh na-etinye agba ndị bụ isi n'ime ọrụ foto ya. A pụrụ ịhụ uhie, acha anụnụ anụnụ, na odo odo n'ihe osise ya site n'ebe dị anya. Agba ndị bụ isi na-ezo aka na Ihe osise mgbidi ụlọ ụka nke a pụrụ ịhụ na Etiopia.

Ọrụ Muluneh na-egosikwa ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ bụ isi n'ihi nkwenye ya na ike dị na anya nwanyị.  Site n'iji isiokwu bụ isi ụmụ nwanyị, Muluneh nwere ike ịkọrọ ụwa ahụmahụ ya.  N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na NPR, Muluneh kwuru, "Enwere okwu na ọ bụrụ na ị na-akụziri nwoke ihe, ị na-akụziri otu onye, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-akụziri nwaanyị ihe, ị na-akụziri ọha mmadụ niile."

Muluneh kwuru, "Ọrụ m na-amalite site na eserese, ana m abịakwute onyinyo ọ bụla dị ka mmepụta ihe nkiri nke onye, nhazi, ọkụ na ejiji na-agbakọta ọnụ. Ana m eji ihe osise ihu dị ka ụdị nke ihe ịchọ mma ahụ na-akpali mmụọ, ọ bụghị naanị na mba m, kamakwa akụkụ dị iche iche nke ụwa. Ọdịbendị ọdịnala dị iche iche nwere mmetụta miri emi, ya mere n'otu ụzọ, ana m eweta ihe gara aga n'ọdịnihu site n'ụdị dị iche iche iche. " 

## Ọrụ
Muluneh tọrọ ntọala na mmepe na ịkụziri ọha mmadụ Site na Arts (DESTA), nke ọ na-aga n'ihu na-akwado na ịgbasa ọrụ omenala.

A gụnyere ọrụ ya na nchịkọta nke National Museum of African Art na Washington, DC. A họọrọ otu n'ime ihe osise ya dị ka foto maka ihe ngosi njem The Divine Comedy, Contemporary African Artists.

Ọ bụ onye nchoputa na onye ntụzi ihe mmemme foto mba ụwa Addis Foto Fest, [1] [2] ihe ngosi foto ụwa nke afọ abụọ.[3]  Addis Foto Fest bu n'obi weta foto, nke a na-anabatabeghị nke ọma dị ka ụdị nka, nye ọha mmadụ n'otu ụzọ ahụ ụlọ ọrụ foto si wetara ọha na eze ihe omume nke a na-ahụbu dị ka amachibidoro na ndị ọchịchị.  Ọtụtụ puku mmadụ bịara ihe ngosi ahụ, ndị na-achọ foto na-ekere òkè na ogbako na nyocha Pọtụfoliyo na ndị na-ese foto guzosiri ike, na ndị na-ege ntị ọhụrụ chọtara ụzọ ha na veranda na ụlọ ọrụ omenala na nke mbụ.

Ọrụ Muluneh na-amata ikike ihe oyiyi nwere nwere imetụta nghọta ụwa banyere ndị mmadụ.

## Ihe osise
thumb|Akụkụ nke usoro "The World is 9"; Ọrụ nka akpọrọ "The Departure". E ji ya mee ihe n'ihu akwụkwọ akụkọ UNESCO Global Report Reshaping Public Policies nke afọ 2018''Ịgbanwe Iwu Ọha''
Usoro ihe ngosi solo nke izizi ya, The World is Nine, na David Krut Projects na New York, ka emere na 2016 wee bụrụ nne nne ya sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ.  Muluneh na-egwu ala na mgbọrọgwụ ya dị ka onye Etiopia wee mụọ usoro omenala, oghere, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụkọ ihe mere eme, ugbu a na ọdịnihu n'ụzọ nkà ọgbara ọhụrụ, gụnyere foto ndị e sere na ọdụ ụgbọ oloko Leghar na Addis Ababa.  ụdị nwere odidi Africa na Etiopia, ahụ ndị e sere na agba nkwuwa okwu, yana agba ahụ ọdịnala Africa.  Muluneh na-echeta oge a na-amụbeghị ya mana a kụnyere ya n'okwu nne nne ya na "Ụwa bụ 9, ọ dịghị mgbe zuru oke na ọ dịghị mgbe zuru oke."  Muluneh kwuru sị, "ọrụ ọ bụla bụ ngosipụta nke njiri mara na nhụsianya nke oge na oghere"

Na foto ya "The Past, the Present and the Future" site na usoro World Is Nine, Muluneh gosipụtara nghọta zuru oke banyere ugbu a ya site na njide siri ike na oge gara aga na ọdịnihu ya. Echiche onye edemede M. Neelika Jayawardane kwenyere, "...n'ebe ụfọdụ n'etiti nostalgia maka oge gara aga na ọdịnihu nke na-abịbeghị". Na foto ahụ, nwanyị na-alụbeghị di na-anọchite anya ọkwa atọ nke ndụ nwanyị, oge gara aga, ugbu a na ọdịnihu. A na-ete ahụ nwanyị ahụ ágbá na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, na ntụpọ ọcha na-agbadata n'etiti ihu ya, na-esote olu ya na obi ya. Akara ndị a bụ ihe nnọchianya nke asymmetry na ọdịnala ọdịdị ahụ nke Africa. Ọ na-eyi agba nke ọkọlọtọ Etiopia n'ụzọ dị mpako na akwa isi na-acha odo odo nke na-anọdụ n'ihu elu ahụ ya na uwe ogologo na-acha ọbara ọbara. Nwanyị ahụ guzo siri ike ma dị ogologo, n'etiti etiti ọcha dị ọcha. Agba ọcha na-anọchi anya ịdị ọcha, udo, na ịma mma.

Usoro 99 nke Muluneh nwere ọtụtụ ihe osise ejiri nlezianya hazie nke otu nwa agbọghọ nke yiri ka ọ sitere na Africa.  Ekpuchiri ya kpamkpam na agba dị arọ na etemeete na-acha ahụ ya na ihu ya na-acha ọcha, na-esekwa aka ya na-acha uhie uhie gbara ọchịchịrị.  Agba ọcha na-enye nwa agbọghọ ahụ anya nke ịbụ mmụọ ma ọ bụ n'etiti ndụ na ọnwụ.  Agba ọcha nwere ike ịbụ maka eserese ihu Xhosa.  Ndị ikom Xhosa na-ete ụrọ ọcha n'ihu na ahụ ha obere oge ka e mechara emume ibi úgwù.  Nke a na-akwado echiche na foto Muluneh bụ maka "ngbanwe na mgbanwe".

Muluneh na-eche na ọ dị mkpa ịgbanwe "otu akụkọ" a ma ama banyere Africa, nke bụ akụkọ banyere ịda ogbenye, obi nkoropụ, na nrụrụ aka. N'ọnwa Disemba ọ bụla kemgbe afọ 2010, ọ na-egosi Addis Foto Fest (AFF), nke ghọrọ mmemme foto kachasị ukwuu n'Africa. Ebumnuche ya bụ iji emume ahụ mee ihe iji kwalite mgbanwe n'ime uche ndị na-abụghị ndị Afrịka. "Achọrọ m iwu àkwà mmiri n'etiti ndị na-ese foto gburugburu ụwa, ọ bụghị naanị Africa", ka Muluneh kwuru, onye egosila ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ nnukwu ihe ngosi na mba ofesi. Na nyocha na mkparịta ụka panel, ọ na-ekerịta ihe ọ mụtara n'aka ndị nduzi Africa-America nyere ya ohere na foto. Site na ihe ngosi na emume onyinye na Addis Foto Fest, ọ na-atụ anya ime ka olu ndị na-akọ akụkọ na-abịa. "Ememme a bụ mmụba nke mmasị m", ka o kwuru. "Ị nwere ike iche echiche banyere iru ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke gị mana ihe nketa gị bụ mgbe niile onye ị nwere ike ịnya isi na ya, onye ị nyefere ọkụ ahụ. "Dị ka Hannah Giorgis si kwuo ya na The Atlantic, "Muluneh anaghị eji obi umeala banyere mgbalị ahụ: 'M na-ewere ihe gara aga gaa n'ọdịnihu,' ka o kwuru banyere ọrụ ya iji kpalie ọrụ nke onye na-ese onwe ya ma nyere aka ịkpụzi ọhụụ ọhụrụ nke kọntinent ahụ. "

N'afọ 2018, Muluneh sooro WaterAid na H&M Foundation mepụta usoro Water Life.  E gosipụtara usoro ahụ na David Krut Projects na New York. [1] E gosipụtara ya na Women Deliver 2019 Conference na Vancouver, ihe ngosi sochiri ya na Somerset House na London.[1] Usoro a nwere foto iri na abụọ dị iche iche e sere na Dallol, Afar, Ethiopia, mpaghara ime obodo dị n'ebe ugwu nke ihu igwe na-ekpo ọkụ n'afọ niile.[1][2] Mgbe ọ hụchara ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị na-enwe nnukwu ihe isi ike ịchọta mmiri maka ezinụlọ ha n'ihi enweghị mmiri dị ọcha n'akụkụ ụlọ ha, Muluneh kpebisiri ike iji ike nke ọrụ nka ya dozie nsogbu a n'ụwa niile.[2] Muluneh kwusiri ike etu "ihe ọ bụla si bụrụ ihe na-egosipụta mmetụta nke ịnweta mmiri dịka ọ metụtara nnwere onwe ụmụ nwanyị, ahụike, ịdị ọcha na agụmakwụkwọ. "  O kwuru na ndị mmadụ aghọtaghị otú ha si nwee ihe ùgwù ịnweta mmiri dị ọcha ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị nọ n'akụkụ ụfọdụ nke ụwa na-ata ahụhụ site na ụkọ mmiri. [2]  N'ịbụ onye ọdịbendị Etiopia ya kpaliri, Muluneh tinyere ihe ọdịnala dị ka uwe na ágbá ihu na agba siri ike n'ime foto ya iji mee ka a mara ma kwado mgbanwe na mpaghara ndị mmiri na-adịghị. 

## Ọrụ na-enweghị uru
Aida Muluneh bụ onye guzobere DESTA (Developing and Educating Societies Through the Arts), nke bụ nzukọ na-achọ ịzụlite ohere na obodo ụwa maka ndị na-ese ihe n'Africa n'ebe niile. Muluneh si mba ọzọ laghachi Addis Abba iji mepụta usoro foto nkuzi nke a na-achịkwa site na DESTA maka Africa. Mgbalị ya na-elekwasị anya na mkparịta ụka ya na ndị na-ese foto nwere mmasị na nsogbu ndị na-emetụta kọntinent Afrịka. Muluneh na-eji nkuzi eme ihe dị ka ụzọ isi gbanwee ọnọdụ dị na mba ya na mpaghara. Ọ na-agba ume maka ntụziaka dị elu, mgbanwe ụmụ akwụkwọ, na ịnweta teknụzụ.

## Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara

### Akwụkwọ Muluneh bipụtara

* *Ethiopia: N'oge gara aga, gaa n'ihu.* Brussels: Africalia Editions na Roularta, 2009.  .  Site na mmeghe na ederede nke Eddy Boutmans na Simon Njami. Ihe odide n'asụsụ Bekee, Dutch na French.
* *Ụwa bụ 9.* Johannesburg: David Krut, 2016.   OCLC 1021854566. &nbsp;Gụnyere "A stronger light" nke Lemn Sissay. N'asụsụ Bekee na ndepụta okwu na Amharic.

### Akwụkwọ ndị Muluneh nyere

* Fiona Rogers na Max Houghton, Firecrackers: Female Photographers Now. London: Thames & Hudson, 2017.   ISBN .&nbsp;

## Onyinye

* 2007: European Union Prize, African Photography Encounters, Bamako, Mali.
* 2010: Onye mmeri, International Award of Photography, Centro di Ricerca e Archiviazione della Fotografia (CRAF), Spilimbergo Fotografia, Italy. [1]  [3]

## Ihe ngosi

### Ihe ngosi onwe onye

* *Ethiopia gara aga / gaa n'ihu,* Ndị Kraịst na Kunstforening, Ndị Kraịst, 2011
* *Ụwa bụ 9,* David Krut Projects, New York City, 2016
* Ọrụ sitere na The World is Nine and 99 Series, VivaneArt, Calgary, akụkụ nke Alberta's Exposure Photography Festival, 2017
* Ntụgharị uche nke Olileanya: Aida Muluneh na Aga Khan Park, Aga Khan Museum, Toronto, 2018

### Ihe ngosi ìgwè

* Akụkụ ndị Etiopia - Nkwurịta okwu na Diaspora, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 2003
* Foto Havana, Havana, Cuba, 2003[1]
* 8th International Open, Woman Made Gallery, Chicago, IL, 2005
* Body of Evidence (Nkewa sitere na Contemporary African Art Collection), National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, 2006
* *Lelee anya na...,*... , Ifa-Galerie Berlin, 2008
* Iwere On... Bamako, Vii. African Photography Encounters, ifa-Galerie Stuttgart, 2009
* *Na-aga n'ihu mgbe niile,* Gallery 44 Centre for Contemporary Photography, Toronto, ON, 2010
* The Divine Comedy - Heaven, Purgatory na Hell Revisited by Contemporary African Artists, Museum für Moderne Kunst (MMK) , Frankfurt/Main, 2014; SCAD Museum of Art, Savannah GA,
* 1:54 Contemporary African Art Fair, David Krut Projects Booth, Brooklyn, New York, 2016
* *Ahụrụ m Africa n'anya,* Festival La Gacilly-Baden Photo, Austria, 2018  
* *Ịbụ: Foto ọhụrụ,* MoMA, New York City, 2018
* A World in Common: Contemporary African Photography, Tate Modern, London, 2023

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị
* Ihe osise akụkọ ndụ, National Museum of African Art

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations