Wayne Barker

**Wayne Barker** ( (1963-07-27 ) , Pretoria ), onye na-ese ihe nkiri South Africa. Barker dabeere na Johannesburg .  Ọ ghọrọ onye a ma ama na ngwụcha afọ 80, n'oge ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'okpuru ọchịchị Apartheid . Ọrụ ya egosila na ọtụtụ biennales zuru ụwa ọnụ, ihe ngosi nka na ihe ngosi ihe ngosi dị mkpa. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na usoro dị iche iche, gụnyere mana ọnweghị oke na eserese, ibipụta akwụkwọ, ihe ọkpụkpụ, vidiyo, arụmọrụ na ntinye. Na mgbakwunye na mmekorita ya na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe, Barker ejikọtala na Qubeka Beadwork Studio nke dabeere na Cape Town, iji ghọta nnukwu ihe mkpuchi iko. 

## Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ Barker na Pretoria na 27 Julaị 1963 nye ezinụlọ ọcha, na-arụ ọrụ n'ogo nke Apartheid. Nna Barker bụ onye ọkwọ ụgbọ elu South Africa Airforce, mechara bụrụ onye na-anya ụgbọ elu azụmahịa na n'ihi ya, Barker na ụmụnne ya tolitere na ọdụ ndị agha Valhalla na Pretoria. Valhalla bụ ọdụ ụgbọ elu kacha ochie na mba ahụ, na-arụ ọrụ kemgbe 1921.  Tolite n'ime ikuku nke Pretoria nke ukwuu na 70s nwere ike ịhụ n'ụzọ ụfọdụ dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali na ihe na-enye aka n'ịwakpo Barker na-enupụ isi na mkpasu iwe na kpọmkwem conservatism. Na Artist's Monologue, Barker na-akọ na ọ bụ nwata:
 
Barker na nwanne ya nwoke gara Glen High School na Pretoria, tupu achụpụ ya na 1976 mgbe ejidere ya maka ịzụrụ wii wii. N'oge ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, Barker hapụrụ ụlọ ka ọ mụta ịkpụ osisi n'ụsọ oké osimiri na Ndagwurugwu Nature na Western Cape. 

Na 1983, mgbe ọ gbasasịrị akụkọ ihe mere eme nka na Michaelis, Barker laghachiri n'ụlọ nna ya siri ọnwụ na ọ sonyere ndị agha South Africa dị ka ọgbọ atọ nke ndị Barker n'ihu ya nwere. Nye Barker, SANDF nọchitere anya ihe niile gbasara South Africa ebe ọ na-enweghị ọchịchọ ma ọ bụ ikike isonye na ya. N'oge ahụ, ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike ahụla ihe a na-amaghị na mbụ, ma na-enwe nrụgide siri ike ma mba ụwa ma site n'ime. Mmụba nkwụsi ike megide ọchịchị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ebutelarị mwakpo ndị agha na-awakpo ebe obibi nkeonwe, yana mmebi ikike mmadụ. Agbanyeghị, n'agbanyeghị na ọ chọghị, akwụkwọ ndebanye aha Barker mechara bịarute, ọ ga-ahụkwa onwe ya na Pretoria na ọdụ ndị agha Voortrekkerhoogte. A tụrụ ndị jụrụ ọrụ ahụ mkpọrọ, yabụ ọ bụrụ na ọ ga-apụ a ga-ahapụ ya. N'ime izu abụọ ọ na-egwu egwu wee kee akụkụ nke mechara mee ka a kwupụta na ya erughị eru maka ọrụ n'ihi enweghị mgbagha uche. Mgbe ọ bịarutere n'ụlọ, ndị mụrụ Barker jụrụ ya, na inwe ụzọ nke ya kwagara Johannesburg ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ihe n'obi. 

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Mgbe ọ bịarutere n'ụlọ na mmecha nke ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Barker gbasoro akwụkwọ nkà ya na Pretoria Technikon, malite diploma na Fine Art na 1981 tupu ya aga n'ihu na-amụ ihe n'ebe BA na nkà si na Michaelis School of Fine Art na Mahadum Cape Town . 

Na Michaelis, Barker ga-amalite ịjụ ajụjụ gbasara nkà na-eme ihe ngosi na ọkwa ụlọ akwụkwọ. Na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, South Africa nọ na-enwe oge ọgba aghara ya ugbu a, nke Cape Town, dịka Barker siri kwuo, ọ dị ka enweghị mmasị. Maka ọrụ akpụrụ akpụ n'okpuru nlekọta nke Michaelis' Neville Dubow, bụ nke achọrọ ụmụ akwụkwọ ka ha kpụrụ "mgbatị ahụ nke ahụ ha", Barker gbapụrụ na omume nke ga-ahụ ụmụ klas ya na-emepụta mgbatị anụ ahụ ma họrọ maka ịrụ ọrụ. Barker họọrọ kama, iji ejiji dị ka onye nkuzi ya ma mee ka ụmụ akwụkwọ ibe ya tụba ya bọọlụ tenis, na-ekepụta ndọtị nke nwoke ahụ dị ka ogige tenis,  nke Dubow ghọtara n'ụzọ doro anya na-adịghị mma. Mgbe afọ abụọ gachara na Cape Town, ọ ga-alaghachi Gauteng na-enweghị akara ugo mmụta ya wee debanye aha ya na South Africa National Defence Force. Mgbe obere oge ọ nọrọ na SANDF, ma mee ihe ruo nwa oge, Barker gara n'ihu na-agbaso akara ugo mmụta postgraduate na Fine art na Ecole des Beaux-Arts a ma ama na Marseilles, France na 1998,  oge niile. ịmepụta na ịgbakwunye otu ọrụ nke nọgidere na-enwe mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na obodo ya na mba ọzọ.&#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

== Ọrụ na ọrụ ==
Aha Barker aghọọla aha ya na nnupụisi na enweghị uche, nke a pụrụ ịchọta aha ya na akụkọ nke ọtụtụ ndị ha na ya dịkọrọ ndụ, ndị enyi ya na ndị ga-abụ ndị na-ege ya ntị. A na-akpọkarị ya dị ka inwe "mmekọahụ, ọgwụ ọjọọ na rock nroll" ụzọ maka nka mara mma, onye ya abụrụla ihe mgbakwunye ama ama na njirimara nka ya. A na-akpọ ya mgbe niile dị ka onye dị egwu na mpaghara nka South Africa, na-enwe mmetụta miri emi na ndụ na nka, na-adabere na uri yana ntinye siri ike na eziokwu ma ọ bụ ịchụso ya. Ọ bụghị ihe ijuanya na n'ime oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ ya, ọ kpasuru iwe, gbaghaa ma banye na mmiri ọkụ ihe karịrị otu ugboro. Esemokwu mbụ dị mkpa yana kwa ihe omume nke kpalitere Barker n'anya ọha gbadoro ụkwụ na asọmpi ịse ihe osise nke 1990 Standard Bank nke ọ banyere n'ọrụ a na-edozibeghị nke ukwuu na ngwa ngwa n'okpuru aha Africa Andrew Moletsi. N'ihi ya, e depụtara ọrụ Moletsi, ebe Barker na-anọghị, na-akọwapụta usoro ikpe ikpe na-adịghị mma, nke agbụrụ agbụrụ na-achịkwa usoro nhọrọ. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

### Ụlọ ihe nkiri International ama ama
Barker's Famous International Gallery (FIG) bụ oge mgbanwe na ihe ngosi nka nke South Africa n'oge niile ọ dị site na 1989 ruo 1995. Oghere na-agba ọsọ nke onye na-ese ihe, gallery bụ oghere maka ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe n'oge ahụ iji gosipụta ọrụ ha. Ụlọ ihe ngosi ahụ nyere ndị na-ese ihe ohere igosi ọrụ nke ọtụtụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ụlọ ahịa azụmahịa niile n'oge ahụ agaghị emetụ aka, na-emepụta ikpo okwu maka imebi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke ọha na eze na ihe nkiri South Africa nke ga-abụ ngwá ọrụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-ese ihe na-emecha bụrụ ndị a ma ama, gụnyere Kendell Geers, Minette Vari, Barend De Wet, na Stephen Cohen. 

### Coke na-agbakwunye ndụ
thumb| Nlele nwụnye nke ''Coke na-agbakwunye ndụ'' na Everard Read Gallery na Johannesburg, South Africa na 1993
Na 1993, otu afọ ka njedebe nke Agha Obodo Mozambique, Barker kere nnukwu ntinye ntinye na Everard Read Gallery na Johannesburg nke isiokwu ya bụ Coke Adds Life. N'ịbụ ndị na-ewere aha ya site na usoro mgbasa ozi telivishọn nke na-akpọsa Coca-Cola, okwu ndị ahụ ghọrọ ihe gbara ọchịchịrị karịa ka ndị jingle maara nke ọma, na-enwe obi ụtọ na-egosi. Echichi ahụ sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ njem na Mozambique, nke Barker gara ụlọ ọgwụ nke yiri ka ọ gbahapụrụ. Kama nke ndị dọkịta rikpuru, Barker chọtara, kama, ọtụtụ igwe na-ere ahịa Coca-Cola. 

*"Ijegharị na Mozambique na ịgagharị n'ụlọ ọgwụ na ịhụghị dọkịta na ịhụ igwe coke na mba a nke agha tisasịrị bụụrụ m nnukwu ntinye nke Apartheid ya mere ntinye mbụ m mere bụ Coke Adds Life. Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ike nweta igwe coke na apartheid. ụlọ ọgwụ, ị nweghị ike ịnweta dọkịta?"* Wayne Barker, 2002 

### Ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ na Eluigwe na Ala
áká_èkpè|thumb| ''Zelbst,'' akụkụ nke ihe ngosi n'ozuzu ya, ''Ọ dịghị Ihe Na-efunahụ Eluigwe na Ala'' na Osisi Frank Hanel na Frankfurt na 1995
Ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ ya na Eluigwe na Ala bụ ihe ngosi solo nke atọ nke Barker, nke egosiri na FIG Gallery na 1995, na mgbe e mesịrị Osisi Frank Hanel na Frankfurt, Germany. N'ịmara akụkụ ụfọdụ site na ịrị elu nke eziokwu na kọmitii dị n'otu nke ji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-ewepụta eziokwu gbara ọchịchịrị nke zoro ezo n'oge ochie nke Apartheid, ihe ngosi ahụ nwere uwe mkpuchi latex jupụtara na ihe ndị a chọtara n'okporo ámá Frankfurt yana nnukwu ntinye foto. . Barker ewepụtala aha ya ogologo oge dị ka onye na-agba ọkụ, ya bụ, onye na-aga n'okporo ámá obodo na-achịkọta ihe na ahụmahụ.  N'ime ọnụ ụlọ dị n'akụkụ, a kwụsịrị ọrụ akpọrọ 'Zelbst' nke karịrị foto ndị isi ojii 300 na 1970 South Africa, kwụsịrị n'uko ụlọ. Ihe ngosi ahụ kwuru okwu banyere echiche nke ihe ahụ n'otu ọkwa, gbasara uwe aka latex na ihe dị n'ime ha - ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ ya na mbara igwe, ọ bụ naanị n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị iche iche, na otu akụkọ ihe mere eme na patina jikọtara ya. N'ọkwa ọzọ, ihe osise na-adọrọ adọrọ nke mebere Zelbst na-agwa ụdị mmetụta dị iche iche na-ejikọtaghị ya na nke ihe mkpuchi latex gosipụtara. Ndị a dị oke egwu maka nnọchite anya, oge oyi kpọnwụrụ n'oge, gbanwere site na foto ka ọ bụrụ ihe, ọ bụghị ihe dị ka egbe egwuregwu ụmụaka, ọkpọkọ na ihe nzacha kọfị a hụrụ n'okporo ụzọ Frankfurt. N'ụzọ dị otú a, Barker ghọrọ onye kasị mma flaneur, onye na-anakọta ahụmahụ ndụ, na-achụso echiche na akụkọ ihe mere eme adịghị echefu, nakwa na ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ na eluigwe na ala. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Ihe ngosi ahọpụtara, mkpokọta na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ

### Solo

* 2016 - *Ụwa nke gbanwere ihe oyiyi,* Everard Read Contemporary Gallery, Johannesburg
* 2015 - *Nwoke nkịtị*, CIRCA Gallery, Johannesburg
* 2012 - *Ala ịhụnanya*, CIRCA Gallery, Johannesburg
* 2010
** *Super na-agwụ ike*, SMAC Art Gallery, Stellenbosch
** *Super Boring*, Standard Bank, Polokwane
** *Super Boring*, Standard Bank Gallery, Johannesburg
* 2008 - *Heal*, UCA gallery, Cape Town
* 2005 - *Ala na Ọchịchọ*, Gerard Sekoto Gallery, Alliance Francaise, Johannesburg
* 2003 - *Ndị hụrụ n'anya na Gurus*, Contemporary Art Space, Caen, France
* 2002 - *Ọ dị mma*, Omenala Crosspath, New York.
* 2001 - *Ụmụ nwanne abụọ*, Fig Gallery, London
* 1999 - *Fin de Ciècle*, Nantes, France
* 1998
** *Kunst bụ Kinderspielen*, Kunsthalle, Krems, Austria
** *Mma na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị*, Ụlọ ihe nkiri Millennium, Pretoria
** *A na-asachapụ ihe niile na Pretoria*, Millennium Gallery, Pretoria
* 1997
** *A na-asachapụ ihe niile na Africa*, Gallery Frank Hanel, Cape Town
** *A na-asachapụ ihe niile na Africa*, Gallery Frank Hanel, Frankfurt, Germany
* 1996 - *Ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ na Eluigwe na Ala*, Fig Gallery, Johannesburg
* 1995 - *Ọ dịghị ihe na-efunahụ na Eluigwe na Ala*, Gallery Frank Hanel, Frankfurt, Germany
* 1994 - *Udo Site na Ọbara*, Fig Gallery, Johannesburg
* 1993 - *Coke na-agbakwunye ndụ*, Everard Gụọ Contemporary Gallery, Johannesburg
* 1992 - *Akụkụ atọ nke ịhụnanya*, Everard Read Contemporary Gallery, Johannesburg
* 1987 - *Foto dị na metal*, Ụlọ ihe nkiri Market, Johannesburg

### Ihe ngosi otu

* 2013 - *My Joburg,* la maison rouge, Paris (F), 20 June - 22 Septemba, Ndị na-ahụ maka ọrụ: Paula Aisemberg na Antoine de Galbert. Na emume nke South Africa-France Cultural
* 2009 - *I Linguaggi del Mondo: Asụsụ nke Ụwa*, ihe ngosi nkwekọrịta na Venice Biennale, Palazzo Querini Art House, Venice, Italy
* 2009 - *Nnukwu ihe ngosi ịgba ọtọ South Africa*, Everard Read, Johannesburg
* 2009 - *Akụkọ ihe mere eme*, UCT Gallery, Cape Town, South Africa
* 2008 - *Mkpokọta 10*, SMAC Art Gallery, Stellenbosch
* 2007 - *Ihe ngosi nka nka Sasol wax*, Johannesburg Art Museum
* 2006 - *Urban Jungle*, Afronova, Johannesburg
* 2001 - *Enweghị Logo*, Prince Albert Museum, London, UK
* 1998
** *Kleine Plastiche Triennale*, Stuttgart, Germany
** *memórias íntimas marcas*, Electric Workshop, Johannesburg
* 1997
** *Ụwa dị larịị*, echichi, Alternating Currents, Trade Route: *History and* *Geography*, 2nd Johannesburg Biennale, Johannesburg, South Africa curated site Okwui, Enwezor, na Octavio Zaya
** *Africa niile na-asachapụ na Africa*, French Pavilion, Venice Biennale, Italy
** Köln Art ngosi, n'okpuru nkwado nke Frank Hanel Gallery, Frankfurt, Germany
** Frankfurt Art Fair, n'okpuru nkwado nke Frank Hanel Gallery, Frankfurt, Germany
** *Atọ x iri*, Frank Hanel Gallery, Cape Town
** *Ọdịnihu, dị ugbu a, nka South Africa dị ugbu a*, Goodman Gallery, Johannesburg
* 1996
** *Agba*, Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Berlin, Germany - Onye isi ala Nelson Mandela meghere
** *Groundswell: Art Contemporary si South Africa*, Mermaid Gallery, London
* 1995
** *Africus, Black na-ele anya akụkọ ifo ndị ọcha*, Johannesburg mbụ Biennale, onye nlekọta South Africa: Octavio Zaya Africus
** The Laager, Mbụ Johannesburg Biennale, Johannesburg
* 1995
** *Scurvy*, New Town Gallery, Johannesburg
** *Enwere ike ịdị naanị nka: nka na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị*, Pretoria Art Museum, Pretoria
** *Brown na Green*, Pretoria Art Museum, Pretoria
* 1993 - *Ihe Ọhụrụ na-esi n'Africa pụta mgbe niile*, Newtown Gallery, Johannesburg
* 1992 - Volkskas Atelier, Pietersburg Art Museum, Pietersburg
* 1989 - *Ịkwatu mgbidi: Pierneef Series*, FIG Gallery, Johannesburg

### Nchịkọta

* Nchịkọta Anglo American
* Durban Art Museum
* Nchịkọta Gencor
* Iziko South African National Gallery
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Johannesburg
* Mkpokọta MTN
* Polokwane Art Museum
* Pretoria Art Museum
* Ụgwọ nke ụlọ ọrụ Rand Merchant Bank
* Nchịkọta Sanlam
* Nchịkọta Sasol
* Nchịkọta SABC
* Ụlọ ihe nkiri Civic Sandton
* Spier
* Ụlọ akụ Standard Bank
* Wits Art Museum (nke bụbu Gertrude Posel Gallery), Mahadum Witwatersrand

### Katalọgụ, na akụkọ

* 'Super Boring', 2010, SMAC & Standard Bank Gallery
* 'NJ nke ndị nka South Africa' (katalọgụ), 2004, Sharlene Khan (ed). Ụlọ ihe nkiri nke Fortis Circus, Holland
* "Wayne Barker: Monograph Artist", 2000, Brenda Atkinson (ed)
* "Ụzọ azụmaahịa: akụkọ ihe mere eme na ọdịdị ala", 1997, Matthew DeBord (ed) Katalọgụ, 2nd Johannesburg Biennale
* "Nkà South Africa nke oge a: mkpokọta Gencor", 1997, Kendal Geers (ed)
* "Art na South Africa: ọdịnihu dị ugbu a", 1996, Sue Williamson na Ashraf Jamal (eds)
* "Agba", 1996, Haus der Kulturen der Welt, Catalogu,
* "Africus: Mbụ Johannesburg Biennale", 1995, Candice Breitz (ed), Katalọgụ

## Hụkwa
Webụsaịtị gọọmentị - Wayne Barker

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations