Mary Ellen Bute

Mary Ellen Bute (Nọvemba 21, 1906 – Ọktoba 17, 1983) bụ onye ọsụ ụzọ ihe nkiri America, onye akwụkwọ na onye ntụzi.  Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị inyom mbụ na-eme ihe nkiri na-eme, ma bụrụkwa onye àmà ụfọdụ ihe ngosi ihe mbụ e gosiri n'igwe.  [1]Ọpụrụiche ya bụ egwu a na-ahụ anya;  Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na New York City n'etiti 1934 na 1958, Bute mere ihe nkiri egwu dị iri na anọ.  A na-ahụ ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị a na ụlọ ihe nkiri mgbe niile, dị ka ọchịchị Egwu Radio City, na-ebute ihe nkiri a ma ama.  Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nkiri ya na-ahụkebe bụ nke usoro ihe nkiri seeing Sound ya.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Nwa amaala Houston, Mary Ellen Bute ajụjụ ọrụ na Texas na, emesia, Philadelphia na Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, wee wepụta ọkụ na Schoollọ Akwụkwọ Drama nke Mahadum Yale na 1925. Ọ na-amụ nke agba agba, dị ka  ụzọ isi na-ese ihe na ìhè.  Ya na Leon Theremin na Thomas Wilfred na-arụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri nkiri Oskar Fischinger na-emetụtakwa ya.  Ihe nkiri Bute nwere ụdị abụọ dị iche iche.  O nkeji usoro ihe nkiri na-ahụ ahụkebe nke na-egosi nke ike na ihe oyiyi na sinima, na ọrụ nke abụọ na- anya na njikọ na ihe nkiri site na nke akwụkwọ edemede.  Bute akụkọ ọrụ ime ihe nkiri ya na Joseph Schillinger na-arụkọ ọrụ na ịhụ nke egwu.  Emere ihe nkiri ya mechara na fim ya na onye na-ese ihe nkiri Ted Nemeth, onye ọ ngosi na 1940. N'ezie, Ted Nemeth Studios mere ihe nkiri ya niile ruo 1952. 

Tupu ọ malite ime ihe nkiri, o nyere nkuzi na New York Musicological Society na 1932 nke ihuenyo 'Light as an Art Material and its Possible Synchronization with Sound'.  [1] N'okwu a, ọ tụle usoro ndị bụ isi na ụzọ na- መሪ gaa na abstraction na dynamism, yana na o na-enye na nka kwesịrị ịhụnanya mma, bụ nke o lere anya na egwu dị ka ihe akwụkwọ.  Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ ụka na ọ na-ebelata dị n'etiti egwu na egwu anya, isi ebe igbu ya.  Ya mere, o kpebisiri ike na ọ bụ ebe ahụ egwu nwere ike inye nkuzi bara uru n'ịmepụta ụdị nka nka na ìhè, ọ Ibu abụ ihe na- mgbasa.  Ọ ụdị ụdị nka ọhụrụ, kama ịgbasa n'ụdị nka dịbu adị.  Okwu nkuzi a nwere ike ihuenyo ihe nkiri mbụ ya mezuru, Rhythm in Light (1934), ihe nkiri ojii na ọcha nke nsogbu 5 na Edvard Grieg 's Pier Gynt Suite .  [2] Ọ masịrị ya iji egwu oge ochie ọ mara na-eso ihe nkiri ya.

Na 1960 na 1970 Bute ihe ọrụ na fim nke emecha ihe: nke Thornton Wilder 's 1942 play The Skin of Our Teeth, na ihe nkiri Walt Whitman nke nwere ọrụ aha Out of Cradle Endlessly Rocking .  Ihe nkiri ikpeazụ ya, nke sitere n'ike nsasị James Joyce, bụ Passages si Finnegans Wake, ihe omume ndụ na-ahụ ma na-eduzi Bute, mere ihe omume nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ atọ na 1965-67, na onye  Nnata Cannes Film Festival award. 

Bute bụ onye nkata ntọala nke Women's Independent Film Exchange.  Ọ nna onye kpara ihe mere eme ihe nkiri Cecile Starr ka ọ kesaa obere ihe nkiri ya.

Mary Ellen Bute nwụrụ n'ihi nkụchi obi na ụlọ ọrụ Cabrini nke New York.  Ɔ ụmụ izu ise ka ọ dị afọ iri asaa na asaa.  Ọnwa isii tupu mgbe ahụ, na ngosi 4, ọ natara ụtụ iche na nlegharị anya nke ihe nkiri ya na Museum of Modern Art .

## Ihe nkiri

* *[[Synchromy (unfinished film)|Synchromy]]* &#x2013; 1933, mmekorita ya na Joseph Schillinger na Lewis Jacobs [emechabeghị].
* *[[Rhythm in Light]]* &#x2013; 1934 (b&w, 5 min.) na mmekorita ya na Melville Webber na Ted Nemeth.
* *[[Synchromy No. 2]]* &#x2013; 1935 (b&w, 5.5 min.) egwu: *Evening Star* from *Tannhäuser* nke Richard Wagner dere.
* *[[Dada (1936 film)|Dada]]* &#x2013; 1936 (b&w, 3min.) nkenke maka Universal Newsreel .
* *[[Parabola (1937 film)|Parabola]]* &#x2013; 1937 (b&w, 9 min.) egwu: *Creation du monde* nke Darius Milhaud dere .
* *[[Synchromy No. 4 - Escape (1937 film)|Synchromy No.4 - Ụzọ mgbapụ]]* &#x2013; 1937 (agba, 4.5 min.) Egwu: *Toccata na D Minor* nke JS Bach .
* *[[Spook Sport]]* &#x2013; 1939 (agba, 8 min.) Egwu: *Danse macabre* nke Camille Saint-Saëns dere . Animation nke Norman McLaren .
* *Tarantella* &#x2013; 1940 (agba, nkeji 5)
* *[[Polka Graph|Ihe osise Polka]]* &#x2013; 1947 (agba, 4.5 min.) Egwu: Dmitri Shostakovich 's Polka si *The Age of Gold.*
* *[[Color Rhapsodie (1937 film)|Agba Rhapsodie]]* &#x2013; 1948 (agba, 6 min.)
* *[[Pastorale (1950 film)|Pastorale]]* &#x2013; 1950 (agba, 9 min.) egwu: *Atụrụ Bach nwere ike ịta nri n'enweghị nsogbu.*
* *[[Abstronic]]* &#x2013; 1952 (agba, 7 min.) Egwu: Aaron Copland 's *Hoe Down* na Don Gillis 's *Ranch House Party.*
* *[[Mood Contrasts|Mgbanwe Ọnọdụ]]* &#x2013; 1953 (agba, nkeji 7)
* *[[Imagination (1957 film)|Echiche]]* &#x2013; 1957 (agba) mkpokọta ndabere maka usoro egwu, Steve Allen Show (November 17, 1957)
* *[[The Boy Who Saw Through|Nwatakịrị Ahụ Nke Hụrụ Site na]]* &#x2013; 1958 (b&w, 25 min.) (onye na-emepụta ihe) kpakpando Christopher Walken na-eto eto [ọ bụghị ihe nkịtị].
* *[[New Sensations in Sound|Mmetụta ọhụrụ na ụda]]* &#x2013; 1959 (agba, 3 min.) Ihe nkiri mgbasa ozi maka RCA .
* *[[Passages from James Joyce's Finnegans Wake|Ihe ngafe sitere na James Joyce's Finnegans Wake]]* &#x2013; 1965–67 (b&w, 97 min.) (onye isi na onye na-edekọ ihe) enyochala na Cannes Film Festival [ọ bụghị ihe nkịtị].

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Mary Ellen Bute Akwụkwọ . Mkpokọta mkpokọta, Akwụkwọ Beinecke Rare na Ọbá akwụkwọ Akwụkwọ, Mahadum Yale.
* Akwụkwọ Cecile Starr metụtara Mary Ellen Bute . Mkpokọta mkpokọta, Akwụkwọ Beinecke Rare na Ọbá akwụkwọ Akwụkwọ, Mahadum Yale.
* Rhythm in Light, 1934
* Moen, K. (2019). Ngosipụta ngagharị na ihe nkiri izizi nke Mary Ellen Bute. Anụmanụ, 14 (2), 102–116. 
* 
* Sherwood, S. (12 Mee 2017). *Akụkọ ndụ: Mary Ellen Bute - onye na-eme ihe nkiri* . mkpokọta Heroine. Ewetara na https://web.archive.org/web/20240616003844/https://www.theheroinecollective.com/mary-ellen-bute/ .