Samuel Rutherford

**Samuel Rutherford** (ọzọ **Rutherfurd** mọ **Rutherfoord**;  – 29 March 1661) wu otu Skottish Presbyterian pastọ na teolojian na otu nke ndị Skottish Kommishonas nye Westminsta Assembli.

## Ndụ

Fa mụrụ Samuel Rutherford ni parish nke Nisbet (pat nke Krailin ugbua), Roxburghshie, ni Skottish Bọda, about 1600. Ọ nweghị ihe ọha mara gbasara nnenanna ya, mana ọ so nye laen otu dịka Roxburghs nke Họnthill (Sa Walter Scott sitere fa) ọha kwere nye na nna ya wu otu fama mọ milla. Otú nwoke nwanna ya wu masta-uloakwukwo nke Kirkudbraight, na ọgụ Baibul ni ebe ahụ, na nwoke nwanna ọzọ wu ọfisa ni Dutch armi.

Rutherford me mmụta ni Ụlọakwụkwọ Jedburgh Grama na Mahadum Edinburgh. Ka ọ́ mesịrị grajuaet with an M.A. ni 1621, ọ nwetara appointment ị wu regent nke Humaniti ni Edinburgh ni 1623. Ọ demit ofis ahụ ni 1626, maka kọndọkt njehie with Euphaem Hamilton, onye ómésíá bụrụ nwunye ya. Ọ di admitted banye Anwoth Kirkudbraightshie, Galloway in 1627, probably without Episcopal sankshọn. O dị kwuru maka ya ne ebe ahụ ne "ọ ne kpere ekpere oge niile, kwu okwu Chukwu oge niile, visit ndị ne ji ne ahụ oge niile, ne me katkizim oge niile, ne de oge niile na gu akwụkwọ oge niile". Otu ne ndị patron ya ni Galloway wu John Gordon, 1st Viskaunt nke Kenmure onye nwụrụ ni 1644. Nwunye ya, Jaen Kampbell, Viskauntess Kenmure, wu otu regula korrespendent na kọntinuin sọppọta ya na orụ ya.

Ni 1630 ọ dị sọmmond bia ịhụ Kourt nke Hai Kọmmishon, mana charj nke nọn-kọnfọmiti a dịghị persist n'ime. Maenli maka publikeshon ya di agaenst Arminianizim oge ọzọ Bishop Sydserff a bọchie ya onu ni 1636, ni mgbe fa mesịrị proceedins ni Wigtawn, dị saited n'ihu Kọmmishọn na prohibited sitere ị ru ka minista, 27 July, na di ọdad ị bi ni Aberdeen mgbe añụrị eze. Ni ugbua ọ dèrè most Letta nke ya ọha mara ọfuma. Desk ya ọ ne dèrè akwụkwọ wu, "perhaps pulpit dị karịa effektiv na waidli resaundin oge ahụ ni Kristendom gbo."

Ni Februari 1638 Rutherford la chie ga Anwoth na attend Glasgow Assembli ni afọ ahụ ka otu ne ndị kọmmishọna abụọ sitere Presbiteri ya. Shọtli ka ọ mesịrị fa elekt ya tinye ni otu ne ndị minista nke Edinburgh, mana Kommishon nke Assembli appọ́int ya, ni prefrens, Prọfessọ nke Diviniti ni St Andrews, bụrụ ofis ọ natara ni kondishon ne ọha ga ekwe ka ọ mé ihe dika koleag nke Robert Blair, otu ne ndị minista nke St Andrews, 7 January 1639. Ọ wu memba nke Assemblis sóbe na nyere sọppọt nye Kovenantin Pati konsistentli. Ni 1643 fa mere ya appoint nye ka otu ne ndi maen Ndị Kommishona nke ụka Skotland nye Westminsta Assembli na kwuru okwu Chukwu kwa mgbe kwa mgbe n'ihu Paliament, fọdụrụ ni London ni atọ anọ.

Rutherford di appointed ga Prinsipalship nke Kọlej St Mary's ni St Andrews (mesịrị mej ị bụrụ Mahadum St Andrews) ni 1647 nọchiri Robert Howie. Ọ nwetara ni 1648 Prọfessọship Diviniti ni Harderwyck ni Holland, ni 1649 oche ni Edinburgh, na ni 1651 ọ dị elekted ugboro abụọ nye Prọfessọship ni Utrecht, mana ihe ndị a nile ọ kwerọ natara fa. Ni 1643, 1644, 1650, na 1651 fa elekt ya rektọ nke mahadum ahụ, ni 1650 ne visit Charles II ga St Andrews, ọ mere Latin speech nyere ya ne duti nke ndị eze. Rutherford wu staunch Protesta mgbe kontrovasi ni Ụka Skottish Presbyterian n'etiti Ndị Resolushon na ndị Protestọs ni 1650s.

Ka Restọreshon mesịa ọ wu otu ne ndị izizi dị makd pụta maka pesekushon: Kọmmittee nke Estaets ọda ka ọrụ a *Lex Rex* gba kwa ọkụ ni Kross nke Edinburgh na St Andrews sitere aka kommon hangman,  "Drunken Paliament" depraiv ya ofis ya niile na vot ka ọha e kwela ka ọ nwụrụ ni Kọlej ahụ. Ọ di saited ị bia n'ihu Paliament ni charj trizin, mana ọ nwụrụ ni 29 Maachị 1661 [ọgụ afọ — 20th — ni tombston ya bụ njehie]. Fa niri ya ni yardụka nke St Andrews Katidral di west bell tawa. Epitaf dị ni tombston ya inklud 'Akquainted with ịhụnanya Emmanuel'.

## Edensibia