open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Armand Cabrera

**Armand Cabrera** ( mmalite June 5, 1955, na San Francisco, California ) bụ onye na-ese isiokwu America amatara maka nka n'ikuku ikuku enplein ya, oke osimiri, obodo obodo, ndụ ndụ na ọrụ ihe atụ .  A ịkụ ya nke ọma dị ka onye mmebe egwuregwu bụ onye nyefere ihe egwuregwu iri abụọ na ise dị ka onye ndu na onye isi nka.  Ndị na-ekiri ihe nkiri Lucasfilm, Disney, Electronic Arts, Virgin Entertainment, Nickelodeon, Microsoft na Paramount Pictures .   

Ndị eze ihe ngosi nka mara mma na United States nọchiri anya Cabrera.  Ọ bụ " Artist in Residence " na Riverbend Park na Great Falls, Virginia [1] ma bụrụ onye otu "Artist in Residence Programme" na Century House na Nantucket Island, Massachusetts .

## Asọmpi nka na ihe ngosi ngosi nka
Asọmpi nka nke mba Cabrera ajụjụ Ikuku Laguna Plein, [1] [2] [3] Sonoma Plein Air, [4] Plein Air Easton, [5] Rocky Mountain Plein Air, California Art Club Gold Medal Exhibition, [6]  [7] Carmel Art Festival, Napa Valley Museum na International Museum of Contemporary Masters "Salon International".  Ihe ngosi ngosi nke St George Art Museum na Utah, Pasadena Museum of History in Southern California, Human History Museum na Utah, Laguna Art Museum na California, Pasadena Museum of California Art na California na Napa Valley Museum na Northern Northern.  California.

## "Art In Embassies" mmemme
Cabrera bụ onye na-ese ihe na-ekere òkè na mmemme Art In Embassies nke Ngalaba ngalaba US .  O binyela ihe abụọ bụ n'Ebe Ọdịda ụgbọ America n'aka ndị isi US na Sana'a, Yemen . 

## Oge oge na akwụkwọ
Magazin Artist International ndị nwere nwere peeji 10 na 2008 na- nyere ọrụ Cabrera na ihe ngosi eserese.  [1] nchịkọta ihe osise nke America Cabrera's "Painting of the Piedmont", ihe ngosi otu nwoke na edemede peeji 4 na Nọvemba 2009. [2] Eserela ndepụta ala Cabrera n'ime akwụkwọ 2009 Southern California Story: Ịchọ ndụ ka  mma na Sierra Madre [3] nke Michele Zack na A Century of Sanctuary: Art of Zion National Park nke Peter H. Hassrick dere.  [4] E eserese Cabrera "Olee otú Iji ngozi" n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, Olee Otú I Si Tee Nke ahụ?  : Ụzọ100 na-ese Seascapes, Rivers & Lakes . 

## Hụkwa
Agha Star: X-Wing (usoro egwuregwu vidiyo)#Ndị mmepe

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Joseph Bodner

Joseph Bodner (January 16, 1925 - Mee 28, 1982) bụ onye ihe osise America.  Amụrụ ya na Florence Township, New Jersey wee jee ozi na United States Army Air Forces n'oge Agha IIwa nke Abụọ.  Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Art Center College of Design na Pasadena, California ebe ọ bụ ọkachamara na ihe atụ na nka.  Ọ na-ahọrọkarị ndị na-apụ apụ na West na ndị na-acha ọcha dị ka isiokwu kachasị amasị ya mana eserese ya "Mbilite n'Ọnwụ nke Jonathan," nke egosiri na ihe ngosi ihe nkiri nke Jonathan Livingston Seagull, bụ eleghị anya ọrụ ya kacha mara amara.  Dịka onye na-ese ihe, na 1978, ya na Bruce Lee rụkọrọ ọrụ na mpịakọta mbụ nke akwụkwọ ọgụ ọgụ ya..

Bodner nwụrụ na 1982 wee tinye ya na Holy Cross Cemetery na Culver City, California .

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ezinụlọ Joseph Bodner
Boris Blai

Boris Blai (Julaị 24, 1893 - June 28, 1985) bụ onye ọkpụ ọkpụkpụ America.  Ọrụ ya bụ akụkụ nke ihe omume ọkpụkpụ na asọmpi nka na 1932 Summer Olympics

Na 1935, Blai ntọala wee bụrụ onye isi nke Stella Elkins Tyler School of Art na Mahadum Temple .   [1] Akpọrọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ aha otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ mbụ ya, bụ́ onye ya na di ya nyere ala na ụlọ ebe e hiwere ya.  

Abụọ n'ime ihe osise Blai bụ ndị a na-enweta n'ihu ọha na ụlọ akwụkwọ Temple: nnukwu bọọdụ nke onye nchoputa Temple Russell Conwell nke na-achọ ebe ili Conwell mma, na obere ihe oyiyi Johnnie Ring, Conwell mere n'usoro n'oge Agha Obodo. 

## Ntụaka
Emery Blagdon

Emery O. Blagdon (Julaị 25, 1907 – June 1, 1986) [1] bụ onye omenkà America. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
Blagdon bụ onye onye onwe ya na ọ na-enwetaghị nka.  [1] Site na nke afọ 1950 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1986, Blagdon kere nrụnye ike na ihe ọrụ na- mgbe mgbanwe niile n'obere ụlọ dị n'ugbo Nebraska ya.  O na ike nke "ike ụwa" na ikike nke ya nwere ike ibunye ndị agha dị otú ahụ n'ime oghere nke, site na ngbanwe mgbe nile na ike ọrịa mma, nwere ike ibelata mgbu na ọrịa. 

Blagdon jiri mmetụtara ihe dị ka waya baling hay, magnets, na ndị ike na ahuhu ugbo, mana ọ chọkwara ihe ihe iche dị ka nnu na "ihe ụwa" ndị ọzọ site na ụlọ eji ọgwụ dị nso.  Ọmụm ndị ahụ “mara mma” ya, mana n'ozuzu ha ọmụmụ igwe na- ọrịa .  Blagdon nna ọrụ na igwe na-ahụ ọrịa ya ihe ụmụaka afọ iri atọ, na-elekọta, na-agbakọ ma na-hazi ozi ya kwa ụbọchị na, n'okwu nke aka ya, "dị ka usoro nwanyị dị."  O gosi na ọ bụ igwe na-arụ ọrụ nke a na- ike elu site na ala ụrọ nke ụlọ ahụ n'ime mbara igwe, ebe ha nwere ike ịgba ọsọ gburugburu wee na-adị ike..  

Blagdon gburu n'ihi ọrịa kansa na June 1, 1986, ma kpọchie ya n'ili McCain.  Ọrụ ya na John Michael Kohler Arts Center [1] na Smithsonian American Art Museum 

## Ntụaka
Hannah L. Drake

**Hannah Drake** bụ onye America na-ede uri, onye na-ede blọgụ, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ, ọkà okwu ọha, na onye dere akwụkwọ 11.  

Na Super Bowl Sunday nke 2019 (February 3, 2019), Drake dọtara ọtụtụ nlebara anya mgbe onye na-ahụ maka ihe nkiri na onye nrụpụta Ava DuVernay tweeted vidiyo nke abụ Drake "Ihe niile ị ga-eme bụ igwu egwuregwu ahụ, Nwa nwoke".   DuVernay's tweet bu n'obi ime mkpesa banyere mmeso NFL megide onye bụbu onye egwuregwu bọọlụ na onye na-akwado ikike obodo Colin Kaepernick . Kaepernick n'aka nke ya kesara ndị na-eso ụzọ ya uri ahụ, vidiyo Drake ruru nde mmadụ 2.4 na-ekiri.   

Na February 2019, Muhammad Ali Center họpụtara Drake ka ọ bụrụ ada nke ịdị ukwuu.   The Daughter of Greatness Breakfast Series na-egosi ụmụ nwanyị a ma ama na-etinye aka na mmekọrịta ọha na eze, ime ihe ike, na nchụso ikpe ziri ezi iji soro ndị obodo Louisville kerịta akụkọ ha. 

Drake bụ onye isi ọrụ okike nke IDEAS xLab, onye na-anaghị akwụ ụgwọ na-eme nka dabere na Louisville, Kentucky .   Na 2021, *New York Times* ghọtara ọrụ ya na (Un) Known Project, ihe nrụnye nrụnye ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi pụtara iji mata ndị isi ojii niile bụ ndị gbara ohu na Kentucky na ebe ndị ọzọ. 

N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a họpụtara Drake ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime ihe kacha mma na Louisville, Kentucky, maka uri ya "Oghere". 

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

### Akwụkwọ

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Webụsaịtị Drake nkeonwe
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Frederick Cornelius Alston

**Frederick Cornelius Alston** (1895 — 1987) bụ onye America na-ese ihe, onye na-ese ihe na onye nkuzi. A maara ya maka ọdịdị ala ya, eserese ya, na eserese nke ndụ obodo.   

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Alston na October 31, 1895, na Wilmington, North Carolina n'ime ezinụlọ ndị ojii.   Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Pennsylvania School of Industrial Arts, na Mahadum Shaw . 

N'afọ 1930, Alston weere ọnọdụ onye nduzi nka na Sumner High School na St. Louis. Ọrụ ya bụ na nchịkọta nke Tuskegee Institute, ebe ọ kụziiri ihe ụkpụrụ ụlọ site na 1922 ruo 1924. 

Na 1933, o sonye na "Ihe ngosi 1933 nke Ọrụ Negro Artists" na Art Center na New York City, nke Harmon Foundation kwadoro.  Alston gosipụtara ọrụ na St. Louis Citizens Art Commission, St. Louis Society of Independent Artists, na Urban League of St. Louis. 
Alston nwụrụ na August 1, 1987, na Columbia, Maryland .  

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga
faịlụ ndị na-ese ihe dị na:

* Frederick Cornelius Alston: Faịlụ nka. Louis Public Library, St. Louis, Missouri.
* Njikọ Obodo nke St. Louis Collection, SC 18:72, St. Louis Public Library, St. Louis, Missouri.
* Ndị mmadụ Art Center nke St. Louis, SC 18:70, St. Louis Public Library, St. Louis, Missouri.
Joshua Rashaad McFadden

**Joshua Rashaad McFadden** bụ onye omenkà America  onye isi ihe ya bụ foto. McFadden na-enyocha iji ihe nchekwa ihe n'ime ọrụ ya ma mara ya maka eserese ya.  Ọ na-enyochakwa isiokwu ndị metụtara njirimara, oke nwoke, akụkọ ihe mere eme, agbụrụ, na mmekọahụ.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Amụrụ na Rochester, New York, obodo  mara maka ịse foto, McFadden bụ nne na nna zụlitere ya ma nwee ụmụnne atọ.  McFadden nwetara akara ugo mmụta bachelor na nka mma sitere na Mahadum Elizabeth City State, Mahadum Historically Black University (HBCU) dị na North Carolina, ebe o were klas mbụ ya na foto ojii na ọcha.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
McFadden nwere BA na Fine Art sitere na Mahadum Elizabeth City State, yana Master of Fine Art (MFA) na foto sitere na Savannah College of Art and Design.

## Ọrụ
McFadden dekọtara mkpesa na-esochi ogbugbu George Floyd na Minneapolis. O kwuwo banyere mkpa ọ dị maka nnochite anya dị iche iche na mgbasa ozi, karịsịa na foto.  McFadden ekekọrịtakwala ahụmịhe nke iche ihe ịma aka ihu n'ọrụ ya n'ihi agbụrụ ya, ọbụlagodi mgbe ọ nwere nzere akwụkwọ akụkọ. 

McFadden bụ onye enyemaka Prọfesọ foto na Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) na School of Photographic Arts and Sciences - College of Art and Design. 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Noa Denmon

**Noa Denmon** (amụrụ 1995 ma ọ bụ 1996) bụ onye ihe atụ America. Ọ natara Caldecott Honor na 2021 maka ịkọwa akwụkwọ eserese *A Place Inside of Me*, nke Zetta Elliott dere.

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Denmon na Greenfield, agbata obi Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania na 1995 ma ọ bụ 1996.  Ọ gara Pittsburgh Creative and Performing Arts School, ebe ọ malitere mmasị na nka na-ahụ anya wee gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 2014. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Arts na Philadelphia, na-enweta nzere bachelọ nke Fine Arts na 2018 yana nzere masta na agụmakwụkwọ nka na 2019.  

## Ọrụ
Na 2019, Denmon gosipụtara akwụkwọ eserese *A Place Inside of Me*, nke Zetta Elliott dere na nke Farrar, Straus na Giroux bipụtara na Julaị 2020.   Ọ nwetara nkwanye ugwu Caldecott na Jenụwarị 25, 2021, maka ihe atụ ya maka akwụkwọ ahụ, nke gosipụtara mmeghachi omume nwa ojii mere ndị uwe ojii na-egbu otu nwa agbọghọ n'obodo ya.  Denmon na mbụ kere nwa agbọghọ na-eto eto maka onye mbụ na-akọ akụkọ; ka ya na Elliott nwechara mkparịta ụka ọzọ, a gbanwere onye protagonist ka ọ bụrụ nwata nwoke toro eto.  Ndị nkatọ nabatara ihe osise ya nke dị na ndò na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, odo odo na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, na-acha anụnụ anụnụ.  Onye nleba anya maka *ndị na-ebipụta akwụkwọ kwa izu* toro “ihe atụ ederede, ike siri ike nke Denmon” nke obodo ojii dị iche iche na ngosipụta ya nke ndị isi ojii nwere mmetụta n'akụkọ ihe mere eme niile. 

Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ ya na *Ebe N'ime M* na mkpuchi nke akwụkwọ ụmụaka ndị ọzọ, Denmon emewo ihe atụ maka *New York Times*, *The Washington Post*, na The Marshall Project .   A na-ejikọta ya dị ka onye na-ese onyinyo maka *Wall of Respect*, akwụkwọ foto nke Jabari Asim nke a na-ahazi maka mbipụta Penguin Books na 2024. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Dịka nke 2021, Denmon bi na Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania . 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Webụsaịtị gọọmentị
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Janks Morton

**Janks Morton, Jr.** (amuru Ọgọst 18, 1963, Cincinnati, Ohio), bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri America, onye ode akwụkwọ, onye ndọrọndọrọ, onye isi, onye nrụpụta, onye nchịkọta akụkọ, na onye na-ese sinima .  Morton bi ugbu a na Atlanta, Georgia. 

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Morton nwetara akara ugo mmụta sayensị ya na Mahadum Bowie State na isi na Business na Industrial Psychology. 

## Ọrụ
Morton bụ onye nchoputa na onye isi oche nke iYAGO Entertainment Group, ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi nwere onwe ma na-arụ ọrụ. Morton kere iYAGO Entertainment Group, "... iji gosipụta ma mkpụrụ obi maara ihe na nke amaghị ihe ọ bụla nke Black America." Morton anọwo na ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ afọ 20. &nbsp;Naanị onye nwe Morton bụ ọrụ maka iwepụta ihe nkiri akwụkwọ akụkọ nwere ogologo akụkụ anọ kemgbe 2007. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ogologo ogologo oge mbụ ya, *Gịnị Black Men Chee*, bụ onye a họpụtara ka ọ bụrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ Black kacha mma nke afọ maka 2007 na *Morton* bụ onye ntụzi aka kacha mma maka 2007. Ihe nkiri a na-enyocha ọrụ nke stereotypes na nkọwa ụgha na America. 

*Ihe ndị isi ojii chere* adọtala nlebara anya mgbasa ozi mba yana Passion River Media na Amazon kesara mba niile. Morton agaala mba ofesi na mba ka o kuzie ihe na igosi ihe onyonyo ya. Ọ kpọkọtala ogbako, nzukọ ọmụmụ ihe ma jee ozi dị ka onye na-ekwu okwu na onye isi okwu na mahadum, ụlọ mkpọrọ, ọgbakọ, ụka na ebe obodo gburugburu ụwa. Morton na-ekwu na mkpali ya ịghọ onye na-eme ihe nkiri bụ ịkwalite akụkọ dị mma gbasara ndị ojii. &nbsp;A kọwawo Morton dị ka onye “ọkachamara na mkparịta ụka ọgwụgwọ”. &nbsp;A na-ahazi ụdị ihe nkiri Morton dị ka "docu-logue". 

## Filmografii (mmepụta na-eduzi)

### Ihe ngosi akwụkwọ

: *Hoodwinked* (2012)
: *Ezigbo nna* (2011)
: *Ikpe mara ruo mgbe egosipụtara na aka ya dị ọcha* (2010)
: *Anyị kwesịrị ikwu okwu* (2010)
: *Ihe ndị isi ojii chere* (2007)

### Akwụkwọ akụkọ dị mkpirikpi

: *Ụmụ nwoke ruo ụmụ nwoke* (2009) 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Appearances on C-SPAN
** C-SPAN ''Q&A'' interview with Morton, August 19, 2007
* https://www.c-span.org/video/?292247-1/state-black-america
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Manuel Bromberg

Manuel Abraham Bromberg (March 6, 1917 - Febụwarị 3, 2022) bụ onye omenkà America na Prọfesọ Emeritus nke Art, na Mahadum State nke New York na New Paltz.  Ọ bụ 1946 Guggenheim Fellow. . 

## Ndụ
A mụrụ Bromberg na Centerville, Iowa, nye David Bromberg, onye kwabatara na Germany, na Tonata Sobul, onye si Poland kwabatara.[1][2]  Mgbe ọ dị afọ 16, a họpụtara Bromberg onye mmeri nke George Bellows Award a ma ama, asọmpi nka mba n'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ sekọndrị.  Ihe nrite mbụ bụ akwụkwọ mmụta otu afọ na Pratt Institute dị na New York City, mana ọ họọrọ ịnara akwụkwọ mmụta zuru oke na Cleveland School of Art.[3]  Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, ya na Boardman Robinson na Henry Varnum Ogbenye, site na 1932 ruo 1940.
áká_èkpè|thumb| Teknụzụ Sgt. Manuel Bromberg, Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ
thumb| Chuck Wagon Serenade (1940), ihe osise post arịa na Greybull, Wyoming
Bromberg dechara ihe ọrụ atọ maka ngalaba nka nke New Deal: [1] Greybull, Wyoming, [2] Tahlequah, Oklahoma, [3] na Geneva, Illinois .  [4] [5] Bromberg na-ekiri Jane Dow na Woodstock, New York, na Disemba 1941. 

Na 1943, mgbe ọ dị afọ 26, a mgbaàmà Bromberg site n'aka George Biddle, onye isi oche nke Ndị Ọrụ Ọrụ Ndụmọdụ Art Department, dị ka onye na-ese ihe agha .  E kenyere Bromberg ije ozi na European Theater of Operations (England, France na Germany) wee rute na Omaha Beach na June 1944. [1] [2] Mgbe ọ nọ na France, Bromberg zutere Pablo Picasso, [3] Jean Cocteau, na  Georges Braque . 

Na 1944, e nyere ya Legion of Merit . 

Bromberg daban na Salem College, North Carolina State University College of Design, site na 1949 ruo 1954, ebe ya na Buckminster Fuller mụrụ aka na ndị ọzọ na-ahụ Skybreak Carolina Corp. [1] Na 1953, e nyere Bromberg iwu ihe maka ihe.  otu ụmụ akwụkwọ.  ụlọ nke NCSU. 

Na 1960, mgbe Prọfesọ nke ụzọ na State University of New York na New Paltz, Bromberg kere a usoro nke monumentally-scaled nkedo nke ihu nkume ihu.  [1] Otu n'ime ihe ọkpụkpụ dị elu nke Bromberg na-egosi na nchịkọta na-adịgide nke Storm King Art Center . 

Bromberg biri na Woodstock, New York.  [1] Ọ tụ 100 na March 2017, [2] wee malite na February 3, 2022, mgbe ọ dị afọ 104 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ntuziaka na Foto nke Manuel Bromberg <small>1965</small>
* http://arts.guardian.co.uk/pictures/0,8542,1217134,00.html
* http://library.brown.edu/cds/askb/artists_index.html
* http://rwebs.net/avhistory/wwiiart.htm
Carl L. Boeckmann

**Carl Ludwig Boeckmann** (January 29, 1867 - September 21, 1923) bụ onye na-ese ihe na ihe nkiri-American kacha mara amara dị ka onye na-ese ihe ọrụ .

## Akụkọ ndụ
Mkparịta ụka Boeckmann na Christiania, Norway, nke ọdụdụ n'ime ihe ise.  Na 1883, ọ map ihe na ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Knud Bergslien nke ụzọ .  Otu afọ mgbe ịhụ *Christian Krogh*, Erik Werenskiold, Eilif Peterssen, na Hans Heyerdahl akwụkwọ ụlọ akwụkwọ nkà ọzọ, ebe Boeckmann bụ nwa akwụkwọ ruo 1885.

Na 1886, Boeckmann kwagara America .  O kere ezinụlọ nke ọtụtụ ndị ama ama na Norwegian kwabatara, Reverend Elling Eielsen na Colonel Hans C. Heg nke 15th Wisconsin Volunteer Regiment na Agha Obodo nke Chickamauga .  Ndị America ndị ọzọ a ma bụ ndị gbara akwụkwọ maka Boeckmann ịkpọ President William McKinley, Gọvanọ William Merriam, Gọvanọ John Sargent Pillsbury, Cyrus Northrop, na John Burroughs .  Na 1893, Boeckmann meri ihe nrite ọla edo na ngo Columbian World na Chicago .  O nwetara nri nri nkeji maka ihe onye ọrụ onye omeiwu Edmund Rice nke St. Paul .

Na 1905, Boeckmann biri na Minneapolis, Minnesota.  N'afọ 1914, ọ na-egosi ugwu na ihe nrite maka ndị agha ihe mere eme nke mere na Killdeer Mountain na North Dakota na July 26, 1864. Foto a na-egosi ndị agha njem General Alfred Sully mere-ebube ndị Sioux na Dakota  War nke 1862 .  Eserese azụmahịa site na iri na abụọgidere taa n'ọnụ ụlọ ogbako senate nke Minnesota State Capitol na Saint Paul, Minnesota 

## Nkeonwe
Na 1905, Boeckmann na-ekiri Marie Finstad, onye a na-ahụ maka Søndre Strand, Eidsvold, Norway .  Ndị Boeckmann nwere ụmụ nwoke abụọ;  Ralph Sigurd na Carl Falk.  Carl Ludwig Boeckmann nwụrụ n'iche na Minneapolis na 1923.  

## Ntụaka

## Ebe ndị ọzọ

* *Carl L. Boeckmann: Onye na-eme ihe nkiri Norwegian na ụwa ọhụrụ* (Marilyn Boeckmann Anderson. Norwegian-American Historical Association. Mpịakọta 28: Page 309) https://web.archive.org/web/20060901175909/http://www.naha.stolaf.edu/pubs/nas/volume28/vol28_13.htm
* *Ndị na-ese ihe na ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ha na Chicago* (Reidar Rye Haugan, Chicago Norske Klub. Nordmanns-Forbundet, 24: 371-374, Mpịakọta 7, 1933)
* *Minneapolis Sunday Tribune* (Obituaries nke Carl L. Boeckmann. Septemba 23, 1923)
* *Daglig Tidende nke Minneapolis* (Obituaries nke Carl L. Boeckmann. Septemba 23, 1923)
Malik Hassan Sayeed

**Malik Hassan Sayeed** bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri America, onye na-emepụta ihe na onye nduzi, nke a ma ama maka ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri 1998,  . Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe bụ Little Minx nọchiri anya ya. 

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Sayeed gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Howard na 1990 site na nzere na ọmụmụ ihe nkiri.   N'ụzọ doro anya, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru onye ndu nke LA Rebellion, Haile Gerima .  Ọ gakwara ụlọ ọrụ foto foto Maine .  

## Ọrụ
Sayeed bụ onye isi ngalaba nke abụọ nke foto na Stanley Kubrick 's *Eyes Wide Shut* na Andrew Niccol 's *Gattaca* ma bụrụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri maka Hype Williams ' *Belly* na Spike Lee *The Original Kings of Comedy*, *Girl 6*, *O nwetara egwuregwu* na *Clockers.* .

Sayeed jere ozi na ndị ọrụ eletrik maka Spike Lee's *Malcolm X* na *Crooklyn* tupu Lee kwalite ya na onye nduzi nke foto maka *Clockers* . Tupu nkwalite a, Sayeed arụ ọrụ na vidiyo egwu na Hype Williams na mgbasa ozi telivishọn na Lee.  Afọ atọ ka *Clockers* gasịrị, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi foto maka *afọ* .   Dị ka nke 2023, nke a bụ ihe ngosi ikpeazụ ya dị egwu ewepụtara.  Ọ bụ ezie na Sayeed nọgidere na-arụ ọrụ na egwu, karịsịa na-eduzi ma ọ bụ na-eje ozi dị ka cinematographer maka vidiyo dị ka Lauryn Hill's " Ex-Factor ," D'Angelo's " Left &amp;amp; Right ," na Beyonce's " Formation " na " Nwa nwanyị Brown Skin ."     

Mgbe ya na Arthur Jafa (onye na-ese ihe nkiri maka *Crooklyn* ) rụchara ọrụ na *abụ asaa maka Malcom X*, Sayeed na Jafa malitere ịmalite mmekọrịta chiri anya.  Na 2014, Sayeed tinyere Jafa na Elissa Blount Moorhead malitere TNEG, ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta onwe ya na ebumnuche nke ịmepụta "Cinema Black dị ka omenala, ọha na eze, na akụ na ụba etiti na narị afọ nke 21st dị ka Black Music na narị afọ nke 20. "  

## Ihe nrite
Na 1999, a họpụtara Sayeed maka onyinye onyinye mmụọ nnwere onwe: Best Cinematography for *Belly* (1998)   Ọ meriri MTV Video Music Awards maka "Formation" na "Brown Skin Girl" n'etiti vidiyo egwu ndị ọzọ.  

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Owen Dodson

**Owen Vincent Dodson** (November 28, 1914 - June 21, 1983) bụ onye America na-ede uri, onye edemede na onye ode akwụkwọ. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-agụ uri Africa-American nke oge ya, jikọtara ya na ọgbọ ndị na-ede uri ojii na-esote Harlem Renaissance .  Ọ nwetara mkpakọrịta sitere na Rosenwald Foundation maka usoro egwuregwu otu ihe. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
Amụrụ na Brooklyn, New York, US, Dodson gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Thomas Jefferson (Brooklyn) June 1932. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Bates College (BA 1936) na Yale School of Drama (MFA 1939).  Ọ kuziri na Mahadum Howard, ebe ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Ngalaba Drama, site na 1940 ruo 1970, yana obere oge na Spelman College na Mahadum Atlanta .  James V. Hatch akọwawo na Dodson "bụ ngwaahịa nke abụọ yiri ike-ahụmahụ Black na America na ya ndiife na obodo ụzọ ụzọ, na oge gboo humanistic mmụta." 

Abụ nke Dodson dịgasị iche iche ma kpuchie ọtụtụ isiokwu, ụdị na ụdị. O ji olumba ojii dee mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-esikeke, na ndị ọzọ hotara ma zoo aka na uri na ihe nkiri oge ochie . O dere banyere okpukpe nakwa banyere mmekọahụ —ọ bụ nwoke nwere mmasị nwoke, ọ bụ ezie na ya na Priscilla Heath, bụ́ nwa akwụkwọ Bates, ya na ya na-emekọ ihe ọnụ, ná nkenke.  Otu onye nkatọ na-akọwa ya dị ka "nwoke mara mma, nwoke nwere mmasị nwoke bụ onye chọpụtara mmasị mmekọahụ ya n'oge ndụ ya, mana onye na-enweghị isi na enweghị obi ụtọ na ọtụtụ mmekọrịta ọjọọ." 

Ya na ndị na-ede uri bụ WH Auden na William Stanley Braithwaite nwere njikọ chiri anya, mana mmetụta ya siri ike ịkọwapụta. N'ajụjụ ọnụ ya na Charles H. Rowell, o kwuru:

: Ọfọn, onye edemede ọ bụla, na mmalite nke ọrụ ya, onye ọ bụla na-emetụta ya. N'ezie ọ bụ eziokwu na egwu ragtime nke Langston Hughes na usoro nke Countee Cullen, nraranye ya nye ụka, emetụtala m. Mana ị maara ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ege Bach ntị wee gee ntị n'oge Haydn ị nwere ike ịhụ obe n'etiti abụọ - ị nwere ike ịhụ na Haydn nwere mmetụta Bach. Mgbe ahụ, ọ bụrụ na ị na-ege Haydn ntị na ntozu ya wee gee Beethoven ntị, mgbe ahụ ị nwere ike ịhụ na Beethoven nwere mmetụta na mmalite nke ọrụ ya. Ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-ege ntị na kasị ukwuu Beethoven na mgbe ahụ ị na-ege ntị n'oge Brahms, ị pụrụ ịhụ na n'oge Brahms e mesịrị mmetụta Beethoven. Mgbe ahụ ọ ghọrọ ụdị nke ya. O nwetara echiche nke ya banyere ndụ. Ị na-enwe mmasị n'ebe nna gị nọ, ị na-eṅomikwa omume ya na nguzo ya - otú o si ekwu okwu, otú o si jide iko ya, otú o si susuo nwunye ya ọnụ. O nwere ihe na-emetụta gị. Ma ka ị na-etolite, ị ga-amalite nweta ụdị nke gị, klas nke gị, echiche nke gị maka ihe na-eme. Oh, ee, ọ bụ eziokwu na Langston Hughes na Countee Cullen metụtara m. 

## Ntụaka

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* Onye nkwukọrịta Oxford na akwụkwọ ndị America America: Owen Dodson
* Joe Weixlmann, "Ọgba ọsọ nke nnukwu ubube ogologo dị ike: Akwụkwọ edemede Owen Dodson", *Nzukọ Literature Black American* 14 (Oge okpomọkụ 1980): 60–68.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ụtụ nke Howard University English Department.
*  . Yale mkpokọta akwụkwọ ndị America. Akwụkwọ Beinecke Rare na ọba akwụkwọ aka.
Jessie Maple

**Jessie Maple** (February 14, 1937 - Mee 30, 2023) [lower-alpha 1] bụ onye sinima America na onye ntụzi ihe nkiri ama ama dị ka onye ọsụ ụzọ maka ikike obodo nke ndị America America na ụmụ nwanyị na ụlọ ọrụ ihe nkiri.  Ihe nkiri ya nke 1981 bụ *Will* so na ihe nkiri izizi nwere ogologo ogologo nke otu nwanyị Africa America mepụtara. 

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Dị ka otu obituary na *The Washington Post* si kwuo, Maple mụrụ na February 14, 1937, na McComb, Mississippi, [lower-alpha 2]  otu n'ime ụmụnne iri na otu (ụmụnne 4 na ụmụnne nwanyị 7).  Nna Maple rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ ugbo ma nwụọ mgbe ọ dị afọ 13; nne ya rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka nri na onye nkụzi ụlọ akwụkwọ.  Ugbu a na Philadelphia, Maple bụ nwa akwụkwọ na Franklin School of Science and Arts, ebe ọ gụrụ nkà na ụzụ ọgwụ. 

N'afọ 1960 na 1970, Maple bụ onye isi ụlọ nyocha nje na serology na Philadelphia na New York.  O mechara degara *New York Courier* akwụkwọ. Ọ nwetara ọzụzụ ihe nkiri site na sinima ụwa nke atọ nke Ossie Davis, yana site na ụlọ akwụkwọ ọzụzụ Television Television National Education, mmemme nke WNET ọha telivishọn na-agba na New York City. 

Emebere mmemme nke ikpeazụ maka ndị Africa America ka ha mụta ọrụ igwefoto n'azụ ka ha wee banye n'otu, mana ego maka mmemme a adịte aka; dị ka Maple kwuru, "Ọ bụ ihe ịga nke ọma na mgbe otu afọ gasịrị, ha mechie ya."  Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na ihe nkiri dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ maka *Shaft's Big Score!* *na Super Cops* .  Mgbe a nabatachara ya na Union Editor's Film, Maple gụrụ akwụkwọ wee gafee ule maka otu Cinematographer's Union. 

## Ọrụ
N'ịgbaso ọgụ gbasara iwu ogologo oge na 1973, Maple ghọrọ nwanyị America mbụ nke Africa nabatara na otu ndị ọrụ igwefoto New York.   Ọ kọwara ikpe ya na mgba ya n'akwụkwọ nke bipụtara onwe ya, *How to Become a Union Camerwoman* (1976). N'ajụjụ ọnụ 2020, ọ sịrị, "Mgbe m gafechara ule ahụ wee banye n'otu ndị na-ese foto, ha gwara ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka ha ghara iwere m ọrụ ma tinye m aha. Ekpebiri m, nke ọma, m ga-alụ ọgụ a.... Ekpebiri m, ka m wepụ nke a, m gbara ha niile akwụkwọ otu ugboro, ABC, CBS, NBC, m wee merie." 

N'ịbụ onye na-arụ ọrụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ dị ka onye na-ese foto akụkọ, Maple na-akọ na ya nwere oge kachasị mma mgbe ọ ghọtara na ya nwere ike "dezie akụkọ ahụ na igwefoto ma gbochie onye nchịkọta akụkọ iwepụta akụkọ dị mma na ịmepụta nke na-adịghị mma na ya," karịsịa na akụkọ. nke nwere agbụrụ agbụrụ ebe a na-ahapụkarị ndị ojii na akụkọ akụkọ. Dị ka Maple si kwuo, "M ga-agbapụ [akụkọ ahụ] n'ụzọ ha na-enweghị ike ibipụ onye ojii na ya. Ha aghaghị ịhụ akụkụ abụọ nke ihe merenụ na ihe ha ga-ekwu." 

## Akwụkwọ

* *Otu esi aghọ onye igwefoto Union: Ihe nkiri-Videotape*, New York, LJ Film Productions, 1977 
* 

## Ihe ndetu

## Ntụaka
Donald A. Morgan

**Donald A. Morgan** bụ onye na-ese sinima America. Ọ meriri 11 Emmy Awards, gụnyere asaa maka yana atọ maka *anụ ụlọ .* Na 2022, a kpọbatara ya n'ime Ụlọ Nzukọ Television nke Maara Aha . Dịka nke 2021, o jidere ndekọ maka onye isi ojii kacha enye onyinye na Emmys. 

## Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ Morgan na Philadelphia nye onye egwu jazz America Al Morgan na nwunye ya, ọ bụ ezie na ezinụlọ ahụ kwagara Los Angeles mgbe nne ya nwetara ọrụ dị ka onye na-ahụ maka ọrịa na Mahadum California, Los Angeles .  N'ịgbaso nzọụkwụ nna ya, Morgan bụ onye na-egwu egwu, na-egwu bass kwụ ọtọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na bass guitar na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. 

Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Alexander Hamilton High School, Morgan gara Los Angeles Trade–Technical College, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nka na ihe owuwu.  

## Ọrụ
Otu n'ime ndị isi ojii mbụ nke foto na nnukwu netwọkụ, Morgan malitere ọrụ telivishọn ya na ụlọ ozi KTTV, na-aga n'ihu na ngalaba ọkụ ha.  N'ime 1970s, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Norman Lear mmepụta dị ka *All in the Family*, *The Jeffersons*, and *One Day at a Time* .  N'ihi ihe nkedo dị iche iche na ihe nkiri ahụ, Morgan ga-amụta usoro ọhụrụ iji nye ọkụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi na nke ọma maka ndị nwere ụda akpụkpọ ahụ dị iche iche. N'afọ 1983, a kpọrọ ya onye isi foto, otu n'ime ndị ojii mbụ ji ọrụ dị otú ahụ na netwọkụ mmekọrịta.  Morgan gara n'ihu na-enye aka na usoro dịka *Ụlọ ọrụ atọ*, *Spoons Silver*, *Gloria, Mmezi Ụlọ*, na *Ụlọ anụ ọhịa*, na mgbakwunye na ọkụ maka mmemme ndị ọzọ, gụnyere *Baryshnikov na Broadway* na NAACP Image Awards . 

### Igwe onyonyo

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* 

## Ntụaka

* ASC nso: Donald A. Morgan
*  (ajụjụ ọnụ ya na *Ebony* )
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Akwụkwọ ihu igwe

**Akwụkwọ ihu igwe** bụ akwụkwọ abụghị akụkọ ifo gbasara isiokwu mgbanwe ihu igwe na nchekwa ihu igwe nke Greta Thunberg dere na mmekorita ya na ọtụtụ ndị sayensị na sayensị. ndị nta akụkọ. Bekee izizi na ntụgharị asụsụ dị ka German, Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Italian, Swedish, Danish na Norwegian ka ebipụtara ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'otu oge na Ọktoba 2022.

## Ọdịnaya na ebumnuche
Akwụkwọ a bụ mbọ imekọ ihe ọnụ, kewara ya n'ime akụkụ ise site n'usoro ihe karịrị akarị. Na mkpokọta, ihe karịrị ndị ọkachamara 100 sitere na ngalaba dị iche iche dịka geophysics, meteorology, engineering, mkpokọta, akụkọ ihe mere eme, yana ndị isi obodo nyere aka na akwụkwọ. A na-achịkọta onyinye nke onye ọ bụla n'ime nnukwu ngalaba site na mmeghe nke Thunberg. Ndị a bụ:
* 1: ka ihu igwe si arụ ọrụ;
* 2: Ka ụwa anyị si agbanwe;
* 3: Olee otú o si emetụta anyị;
* 4: Ihe anyị meworo banyere ya;
* 5: Ihe anyị ga-eme ugbu a.

Akwụkwọ ahụ na-anwa ịtọ ntọala maka nghọta dị mgbagwoju anya banyere nsogbu ihu igwe zuru ụwa ọnụ na ịkọwa azịza iji lebara ya anya. A ga-akwalite mmụta ihu igwe na ụlọ akwụkwọ na mgbasa ozi, nke a na-ahụta dị ka ihe dị mkpa maka ime ihe bara uru. Thunberg na-agba mbọ ilebara ihe ọ na-ahụ anya dị ka nguzozi ụgha n'ịkọ akụkọ, na-ekpughe ngbanwe nke ọnụ ọgụgụ gburugburu ebe obibi site na "ịkparịta ụka" ihe ọkụkụ na aha na-eduhie eduhie dị ka "green" hydrogen, na ime olu nke ndị kachasị ugbu a. emetụta mmetụta nke mgbanwe ihu igwe si Global South nụrụ.

Akụkụ pụrụ iche nke akwụkwọ ahụ, nke a pụrụ ịhụ dị ka nkatọ n'ime akwụkwọ nke ọchịchọ a, bụ na o nweghị akwụkwọ edemede na nnukwu ngwa nkọwa. A na-edepụta ndị ọkachamara ikikeA naghị ekwupụta ha, ekwupụtaghị ọnọdụ ha, mana ha onwe ha nwere ihe ha kwuru.
## Akwụkwọ ntụaka

Kadị: Ike
Kadị: Mgbanwe ihu igwe
Kadị: Mmetọ ikuku
Tongo Eisen-Martin

thumb| Tongo Eisen-Martin na 2021
**Tongo Eisen-Martin** bụ onye America na-ede uri na onye na-akwado ya.  Ọ bụ onye na-agụ uri ugbu a na San Francisco, California .  

## Akụkọ ndụ
Tongo Eisen-Martin mụrụ na 1980  na San Francisco, California  nye nne na-eme mgbanwe  Arlene Eisen.   Ndị mụrụ ya kpọrọ ya aha Josiah Tongogara .  Muralist Miranda Bergman bụ nne chi ya.  O nwere nwanne nwoke nke tọrọ aha ya bụ Biko,  na ha abụọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Meadows-Livingstone na San Francisco dịka ụmụaka.   O nwetara nzere bachelọ na nzere masta na African-American Studies,  niile sitere na Mahadum Columbia   ebe ọ kuziri na Institute for Research in African-American Studies,  na-eke usoro ọmụmụ 2012 *anyị na-ana mkpọgbu mgbukpọ. Ọzọ!*  Ọ kụzikwaara ihe n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, gụnyere San Quentin na Rikers Island.  Ọ bụ onye nchoputa nke Black Freighter Press. 

## Nkwanye ugwu na ihe nrite
Akwụkwọ Eisen-Martin's 2017 *Heaven Is All Goodbyes* nke City Lights bipụtara meriri PEN Oakland Award,  2018 American Book Award,  2018 California Book Award,  na 2018 National California Booksellers Association Poetry Book of the Year .  Aha ya 2020 *Blood on the Fog* nke City Light bipụtara ka aha ya bụ Akwụkwọ uri kacha mma nke 2021 nke Elisa Gabbert nke *New York Times dere.*  

## Na-arụ ọrụ

* *Mmadụ anwụọla.* Bootstrap Pịa. 2015. ISBN&nbsp;
* *Eluigwe bụ ihe ọma niile.* Ọkụ obodo. 2017. ISBN&nbsp;
* *Na-echere N'azụ Tornados maka nri.* Akụrụngwa. 2020. 
* *Ọbara na Fog: Pocket Poets Series No. 62 Tongo Eisen-Martin.* Ọkụ obodo. 2021. ISBN&nbsp;

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Vievee Francis

**Vievee Elaure Francis** ( / v aɪˈviː / ) bụ onye na-ede uri America. Ọ bụ osote prọfesọ nke Bekee na Creative Writing na Dartmouth College . O nwetara MFA site na Mahadum Michigan na 2009, wee nweta onyinye Rona Jaffe n'otu afọ ahụ. Vievee bụ onye edemede nke nchịkọta atọ nke uri, nke atọ nke, *Forest Primeval*, meriri 2016 Hurston / Wright Legacy Award maka uri  na 2017 Kingsley Tufts ( Kingsley na Kate Tufts Poetry Awards ) onyinye uri. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Francis bụ onye Texas ebe a mụrụ na San Angelo.  Ọ dịrị ndụ ma rụọ ọrụ afọ 15 na Detroit, Michigan, ebe ọ nyere aka n'ịkwalite obodo agụmagụ maka ndị ntorobịa, ndị okenye na ndị na-ede uri.  Site n'ebe ahụ, ọ kwagara Swannanoa, North Carolina mgbe ọ na-akụzi na Warren Wilson College (undergraduate) na North Carolina State University .  Site na North Carolina State ọ gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na Dartmouth College na Hanover, New Hampshire. Francis lụrụ onye na-ede uri Matthew Olzmann, onye edemede nke *Mezzanines* ( Alice James Books ) na *Contradictions in the Design* ( Alice James Books ), onye obodo Detroit. 

## Ọrụ
Francis bụ osote prọfesọ na ngalaba English na Creative Writing na Dartmouth College,  ebe ọ na-aga n'ihu na-ede uri. Ọ bụkwa onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke Callaloo, A Premier Journal of African American na African Diaspora Arts & Letters. Tupu ịbanye Dartmouth, ọ kụziiri ide na uri na North Carolina State University, n'etiti kọleji na mahadum ndị ọzọ.

## Ihe nrite
Na 2021,   kwupụtara Francis dị ka onye nnata nke 2021 Aiken Taylor Award for Modern American Poetry .

N'ịde maka kọmitii ikpe maka Kingsley na Kate Tufts Poetry Awards, Don Share, onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke magazin  toro *Forest Primeval* dị ka "ọrụ siri ike, ọchịchịrị … Dantean … dreamlike in its visions.... Francis is reclaiming modernist and feminist legacies of uri, ọ na-achọkwa nnukwu obi ike ime nke ahụ." 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Bettiola Heloise Fortson

**Bettiola Heloise Fortson** (December 29, 1890 - Eprel 13, 1917) bụ onye Africa-American onye odee, edemede edemede, onye ndọrọndọrọ na onye ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị . Fortson bụ otu n'ime ndị Africa-American mbụ na Midwwest United States dere na bipụta akwụkwọ. "The Passing Away of Miss Bettiola Heloise Fortson". *The Broad Axe*. April 21, 1917. Retrieved February 19, 2018.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Bettiola Heloise Fortson na Disemba 29, 1890, na Hopkinsville, Kentucky, nye Mattie Arnold na James Fortson.  Mgbe ọ dị afọ 12, ọ kwagara Chicago, Illinois, ka ya na nwanne nne ya biri, mana ọ na-akwaga Evansville, Indiana mgbe ụfọdụ ka ya na nne ya biri mgbe nwanne mama ya na-eme njem. Fortson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1910 na Clark Street High School na Evansville, wee laghachi ibi na Chicago ka ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ.

Fortson bụ onye na-arụkọ ọrụ na onye isi oche nke University Society of Chicago, otu ụlọ ọrụ ụmụ nwanyị (nke gụnyere ndị ikom nọ n'òtù) nke kwalitere ọmụmụ akwụkwọ ma nwee isi na-elekwasị anya na "mmepe nka na ọgụgụ isi" n'etiti ndị Africa America.  Ọ bụ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na onye osote onye isi oche nke abụọ nke Alpha Suffrage Club, ndị mbụ na-ahụ maka ịhọpụta ụmụ nwanyị ojii.  Ruo afọ abụọ ọ bụ onye nhazi maka City Federation of Colored Women's Clubs . 

Fortson bụ onye dere akwụkwọ 1915 *Mental Pearls: uri mbụ na edemede*, nke Julius F. Taylor bipụtara. Hollingsworth, Randolph (April 8, 2017). "Bettiola Heloise Fortson, poet and suffragist from Hopkinsville". *H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online, Michigan State University Department of History*. Retrieved February 20, 2018.  Iji nweta ego maka ibipụta akwụkwọ ya, a gwara ya ka ọ bipụta abụ ya na *The Broad Ax*, akwụkwọ akụkọ Africa-American kwa izu na Chicago.  Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ zigara akwụkwọ akụkọ 500 ka ọ ree na National Federation of Colored Women's Clubs n'afọ ahụ ma kwere ka ego ahụ gaa na Fortson.  Edere uri ya n'akwụkwọ *isii Poets of Racial Uplift*, nke GK Hall bipụtara na 1996. 

Fortson nwụrụ site na ụkwara nta n'ụlọ ya 3413 Prairie Avenue na Chicago, Illinois, na Eprel 13, 1917, mgbe ọ dị afọ 26.  Ida B. Wells gụrụ okwu ekele ya.  E liri Fortson n'ebe a na-eli ozu Ugwu Forest dị na Thornton, Illinois, nke bụ ebe ili ozu ndị America na America.  

## Hụkwa

* Nwanyị Afrika-American Suffrage Movement
* Ntugharị klọb nwanyị

## Ntụaka
nduzi, na onye na-eme ihe nkiri n'ọtụtụ ọrụ dabeere na New York, ma na na Broadway, yana ịrụ ọrụ n'ebe ndị ọzọ na US na ná mba ọzọ. Ọ rụrụ na mkpokọta egwuregwu Ntozake Shange 's 1976 *[[Maka ụmụ agbọghọ nwere agba ndị cherela igbu onwe ha / Mgbe egwurugwu bụ Enuf|maka ụmụ agbọghọ]]*
Carl Oscar Borg

thumb| Carl Borg
Carl Oscar (ma ọ bụ Oskar) Borg (March 3, 1879 - Mee 8, 1947) bụ onye na-ese ihe banyere Sweden nke biri na United States wee bụrụ onye ama ama maka echiche California na SouthWest. . 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Carl Oscar Borg n'ime ezinụlọ dara ogbenye na Grinstad parish, mpaghara Dalsland, Sweden . Oscar Borg kwagara London mgbe ọ dị afọ 15 iji nyere aka eserese na onye na-ese mmiri George Johansen. N'afọ 1901, ọ gara United States. Borg kuziri nka na California Art Institute na Los Angeles na na Santa Barbara School of Arts . Ọ ghọrọ onye nkwado nke onye enyemaka America na onye na-ahụ maka nka Phoebe Hearst . O nyere ya ohere ịlaghachi Europe ka ọ mụọ nkà.

Borg nwere ike na ụgbọ nke ndị na-ahụ azụ United States, steeti steeti Arizona na New Mexico .  Ọ dị ọrụ dị iche iche iche, agba mmiri, etchings, na osisi.  Enyere ya ọrụ ka ọ na-ese akwụkwọ mmado maka ụlọ ọrụ oloko, Atchison, Topeka na Santa Fe Railway .  E debere akwụkwọ ịma ọkwa ya n'ike ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma dọta ọkọlọtọ.  A mara ya maka nsogbu ya dị egwu nke Grand Canyon. 

Borg bụ onye otu Painter's Club nke Los Angeles na California Art Club .  Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị ọrụ nka mbụ maka nnukwu ụlọ ihe nkiri na Hollywood.  Ọ muka ọrụ na iwu nke silent film na 1925-1928.  A na- akara ihe atụ nke nka ya na Mahadum Brigham Young, Mahadum Harvard, Smithsonian American Art Museum na Fine Arts Museum nke San Francisco .  [1] Enyere Världskulturmuseet dị na Gothenburg na Etnografiska museet na Stockholm, ngalaba abụọ nke Statens museer för världskultur (National Museum of World Culture) na Sweden dị ka nri.  n'oge ndụ ya na site na nri ya.

Ọrụ ya bụkwa nke ihe ọrụ ike na 1936 Summer Olympics . 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Borg akụkọ Lily Borg Elmberg.  Ọ bụ onye so na National Academy of Design, National Academy of Arts, Société Nationale des Beaux-Arts na Salmagundi Club .

## Ọrụ ahọpụtara

* *The Great Southwest Etchings* (1936)

## Ntụaka

## Ebe ndị ọzọ

* Widén, Albin *Carl Oscar Borg; Ett Konstnarsode* (Nordisk Rotogravyr. 1953)
* Laird, Helen *Carl Oscar Borg na Mpaghara Ime Anwansi: Onye na-ese ihe nke American West* (Akwụkwọ Peregrine Smith. 1986)
* Schulz, Marlene R. *Carl Oscar Borg: Foto California* (Santa Barbara Historical Society. 1990)
* Cuba, Stanley L. *Carl Oscar Borg, Chronicle nke Ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ* (Western Art Digest. 1986)

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akwụkwọ mpịakọta Carl Oscar Borg na Smithsonian Archives of American Art
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Carl Oscar Borg Artist and Gallery
* Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu mbinye aka nka, ezigbo mbinye aka nke onye omenkà Carl Oscar Borg Nke a bụ ọtụtụ ihe atụ nke mbinye aka Carl Oscar Borg.
Ward Brackett

Ward Brackett (Eprel 2, 1914 - Disemba 14, 2006) bụ onye omenkà America akwụkwọ maka akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ, okpukpe Reader's Digest na Cosmopolitan.   Ọ biri na Westport, Connecticut, afọ 59 wee bụrụ onye otu Society of Illustrators, Silvermine Arts Guild na Westport Arts Center.
alt=text|thumb| Ememe ncheta afọ 1970 nke Ndezigharị nke 19 nke Iwu US, nke Ward Brackett dere..

## Ntụaka

* Ward G. Brackett, 92 - WestportNow.com - Westport, Connecticut Westportnow Media, LLC. ( ewepụtara 2 Maachị 2011.)
* Mkpali nke taa: Ihe atụ Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ: Ward Brackett Leif Peng, Jenụarị 29, 2008. ( ewepụtara 2 Maachị 2011.)
* Mkpali nke taa: Ward Brackett: n'ime 1960s Leif Peng, Febụwarị 3, 2011. ( ewepụtara 2 Maachị 2011.)
* Ihe mkpali nke taa: Ward Brackett: gburugburu 1950

## Hụkwa
Nchịkọta Ward Brackett na Flickr
Robert Brackman

thumb|Robert Brackman.
Robert Brackman (Septemba 25, 1898 - Julaị 16, 1980) bụ onye omenka na onye nkuzi America, mara amara maka nnukwu ọrụ ihe atụ, ụzọ, na ndụ ndụ.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Foto Robert Brackman na Septemba 25, 1898 na Odessa, Ukwu Russia (ugbu na Ukraine).  Ọ kwagara United States na 1908 ma ọ bụ 1910.  

Brackman akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na National Academy of Design site na 1919 ruo 1921, yana ụlọ akwụkwọ Ferrer na San Francisco .  Site na 1931, o nwere ogologo ọrụ nkuzi na Art Students League nke New York ebe ọ bụ onye otu ndụ.  [1] Ọ họrọkwara ihe na American Art School na New York City, Brooklyn Museum School, Lyme Academy College of Fine Arts, na Madison Art School na Connecticut .  [2] Na 1932, a mgbaàmà Brackman na National Academy of Design dị ka onye otu mmekọ, wee bụrụ onye otu zuru oke na 1940. 

Ọ na-ese ihe osise nke John D. Rockefeller Jr., Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, [1] Charles Lindbergh, na John Foster Dulles, yana ihe onye ọrụ nke United States Air Force Academy na State Department nyere ikike. 

Ọ na-ese ihe osise nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri Jennifer Jones maka iji ya mee ihe na 1948 ihe nkiri Portrait of Jennie, ebe ọ na-anya ihe ihe osise nke Eben Adams ( Joseph Cotten ) na-ese. 

Onye omenkà America bụ Elaine Hamilton bụ nwa akwụkwọ Brackman.  , [1] dị ka Itshak Holtz [2] na Raymond A. Whyte . 

Brackman akụkọ Rochelle Post ;  ha mechara gbaa.  [1] O nwere ụmụ anọ na-egosi nke abụọ, Francis R. Davis, bụ ndị ọ zutere na 1935 mgbe ọ na-akpa na Minneapolis School of Fine Arts, nke a mara ugbu a dị ka College of Art and Design Minneapolis.  .  [2] Ọ nwụrụ na July 16, 1980, na Noank, Connecticut . 

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta ndị na-ese ihe bụ ndị mepụtara eserese na eserese maka iji na fim

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Katalọgụ ihe ngosi Brackman nwere ndepụta ọrụ, dị site na Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Metropolitan.
George Bogart

George Allen Bogart (October 30, 1933 - Nọvemba 23, 2005) bụ onye America na-ese ihe na prọfesọ nka.  Ọ kụziri na Mahadum Texas na Austin, Pennsylvania State University, na Mahadum Oklahoma  

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Bogart na Duluth, Minnesota . O nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Fine Arts na Mahadum Minnesota Duluth na 1956 yana Master of Fine Arts na Mahadum Washington na 1959 

## Ọrụ
Tupukeen na Mahadum Oklahoma dị ka onye prọfesọ zuru oke, Bogart University nkà na Mahadum Texas dị na Austin maka apụta na Pennsylvania State University maka afọ atọ.  Na 1970, ọ nakweere onye ọbịa otu afọ na Mahadum California, Berkeley .

## Ntụaka
James Bohary

.James Bohary (akpa 1940 na Brooklyn, New York ) bụ onye na-ese ihe ngosi nke onye America.  [1] A na-eche ya na n'asụsụ Bekee (Alice Wood eje na Bolton Lancashire na 1907) na nna Indonesian William.  �����﻿﻿﻿ Ọ bụrụ na New York Studio School na 1969, ebe ọ akwụkwọ ike na ike na Philip Guston .  [2] egwu ya nka tupu ihe mere eme, Sassetta, Rembrandt, Cézanne, na Willem de Kooning

Ihe osise ya, ndị ọhụrụ, na- : melo, ike nke ike okwu nke oge a .  A na-ese ha na nnukwu, impastos multilayered, gestural, textured nke ukwuu, na mgbe ụfọdụ na-enwe ike nke egwu egwu na-akwado gestural na-ekiri n'ihu ọ elekere nke karin ahụ.  Ụzọ ọrụ ya [1] ọtụtụ afụ iji nnukwu agba àmà.  A na-ahapụ akwa mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ ka ọ zuru ike, mgbe ụfọdụ n'ime ogologo oge, mgbe ahụ, a na- ike akwa akwa..

Enwere ike stra ya na ụlọ ngosi mgbe ochie ndị a: Corcoran Gallery of Art na Washington, DC, Hood Museum of Art na Hanover, New Hampshire, National Academy of Design na New York City, Snite Museum of Art na Mahadum Notre Dame  ., Ndị dike ihe ngosi nka nke Wellesley College, na ndị dike ihe ngosi nka nke Mahadum Indiana.

Bohary anatala ọtụtụ onyinye, gụnyere American Academy & Institute of Arts and Letters Award (1985) na Asambodo Merit, National Academy of Design (1993). A họpụtara ya dịka onye otu zuru oke nke National Academy of Design (1994).

Ọ kpàrila n' akwụkwọ ndị dị ka Queens College, Parsons School of Fine Arts, New York Studio School, Binghamton University (ebe ọ ka na-ahụ) na Dartmouth College .

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ihe osise Bohary
* Elizabeth Harris gallery
* Bohary na Ober Gallery
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Max Bohm

Max Bohm (1868 - September 19, 1923) bụ onye omenkà America nke ọtụtụ oge na Europe..

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Bohm na Cleveland, Ohio . [1] Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Académie Julian na Paris wee gaa Europe. N'etiti 1895-1904 o mere ụlọ ya na Etaples art colony . N'ịbụ onye akọwara dị ka onye ọhụụ ịhụnanya, ihe ngqosi dike ya nke ndị ọkụ azụ Étaples nwetara nrite ọla edo na Paris Salon na 1898. Ọ gara n'ihu na-akụzi eserese n'otu ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na London ruo 1911 tupu ọ laghachi United States ịbanye n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị na-ese ihe na Cape Cod

Bohm, onye mgbochi mba na 1920, na-anwụ afu atọ ka e ezi na Provincetown, obodo dị na nsõtụ Cape Cod.  [1] Ihe osise ya so na nchịkọta nke Smithsonian Institution, National Gallery of Art, na Luxembourg Gallery na Paris;  [2] enwekwara ihe onyonyo n'obodo ya n'iche ikpe Cuyahoga County

Bohm bụ nna nna nke onye na-ese ihe bụ Anne Packard 
áká_èkpè|thumb| ''Na Mer''

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* ''Ihe osise Max Bohm'', ihe ngosi ihe ngosi sitere na The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (dị n'ịntanetị nke ọma dị ka PDF)
* ''Ihe ndetu biographical'', katalọgụ nke ndị nka America nwere ozi ndị ọzọ na Bohm (peeji 9).
* Enyemaka nchọta na akwụkwọ Max Bohm, 1873-1970, nnukwu 1880-1959, na Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution
Chip Bok

Arthur Bernard “Chip” Bok III (amuru July 25, 1952) [1] bu onye ode akwukwo ndi America maka Akron (Ohio) Beacon Journal na Tampa Bay Times .  Ọ kọwapụtala ụfọdụ akwụkwọ Dave Barry, ma bụrụ onye ikpeazụ maka ihe nrite Pulitzer na 1997.

## Ndụ mbido
Amụrụ na Dayton, Ohio na dibia bekee nke Mahadum Dayton na onye bụbu onye egwuregwu nke Arthur Bernard Bok, Jr., [1] Bok akwụkwọ ịse akwụkwọ na klas nke 7th, ebe ọrụ Don Martin na-emetụta ya na akwụkwọ ọmụmụ  ara .  Ọ gara mahadum n'akwụkwọ nna ya, ebe ọ bụ onye isi otu egwuregwu hockey 

## Ọrụ
Tupu ọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri, Bok nwere ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ dị ka nkuzi anya, ọrụ siri ike, ọgwụ ire n'obere, na ọrụ nweere onwe ya.  Site na 1981 ruo 1982 ọ bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ ihe nkiri na Clearwater Sun na Clearwater, Florida .  [1] Mgbe oge ya nụrụ, ọ na-ese foto nke ndụ maka Miami Herald, ogidi ndị mmasị maka Dave Barry, ma ihe nkiri nkiri maka ọrụ ihe nkiri Viewtron .  Na 1987, ọ la iche na steeti Ohio ya ebe ọ na-egosi onye na-ese ihe nkiri maka Akron Beacon Journal . 

Na 1997 Bok bụ onye ikpeazụ maka ihe nrite Pulitzer .

Na mgbakwunye na nchịkọta cartoons, Bok kwala akwụkwọ akwụkwọ nke Helen Thomas dere, The Great White House Breakout, nke e kere na 2008. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Bok ekiri Deb ebere ma ha nwere ụmụ anọ toro eto.  Ɔ na-ebi ugbu a na Akron, Ohio  

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* *Bọk!* *Nsogbu 9.11 na eserese ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị* . (Mahadum nke Akron Press, 2002)  .
* *Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke United States na nso nso a na eserese ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị: A lee Bok* . (Mahadum nke Akron Press, 2005)  .
* *The Great White House Breakout.* (onye na-ese ihe, nke Helen Thomas dere) (Penguin Group, 2008)  (akwụkwọ ụmụaka)

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Webụsaịtị Bok

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Gideon Bok

Gideon Bok ( malite 1966) bụ onye na-ese ihe America bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na Maine .  Ọka BA ya na nwanne Hampshire yana MFA ya na Mahadum Yale .  Ọ gara n'ihu nhọrọere na ụzọ na Hampshire, mana ọ na-ahapụ ya n'agbara ya.

Ọ natara 2004 John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship na Hassam, Speicher, Betts, na Symons Fund Purchase Award site na American Academy of Arts and Letters na 2005. Edewo ọrụ Bok na New York Times, Time Out New York, ARTnews, Art New England,  na The Boston Globe.

Alpha Gallery nọchiri anya ya na Boston.

Onye ama ama Maine folklorist Gordon Bok bụ nwanne nna ya.

## Njiko mpụga

* Nyochaa na ''New York Times''
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Willard Bond

Willard Bond (June 7, 1926 na Colfax, Washington – Mee 19, 2012 na Yountville, California ) bụ onye na-ese ihe n’Amerika bụ onye ama ama maka agba mmiri ya na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ nke ndụ ụgbọ mmiri.  N'ịbụ onye a na-akpọre na Lewiston, Idaho, ọ jere ozi na United States Navy n'oge Agha ime nke mmalite nke nkà na Art Institute of Chicago na Pratt Institute na New York. 

## Ntụaka
Marcelo Bonevardi

thumb|Marcelo Bonevardi.
Marcelo Bonevardi (1929 – 1994) bụ onye omenka avant-garde Latin America mara maka mgbasa ozi agwakọta ya.  Onye mba Argentina, Bonevardi jiri akara ka ukwuu nke ọrụ ya na New York City, ebe ọ na-etinye uche na omume avant-garde na ụgbọ dị ka abstraction na primitivism, na-eji ha echere nhọrọ na ihe atụ nke iji ohere ịnọ  ime ike ya miri emi ndị na maka okpukpe ifo na emee.  A mara Bonevardi nke ọma maka akwa akwa ya, na- mgbasa ozi agwakọta, nke na-ahụ ihe osise na ihe ọkpụkpụ, na- njibụ mbụ ya na njikọ ogologo ndụ ya na ihe owuwu ụlọ.  N'oge ndụ ya, Bonevardi ọtụtụ ndị mere, International Prize na X Bienal de São Paulo, ihe nrite mbụ na "Ten Argentine Artists at the United Nations" nrụnye na-adịgide adịgide, na Platinum Prize si na Konex Foundation .

Achịkọtala ọrụ Bonevardi site na ọtụtụ ụlọ ihe mgbe ochie North America na Latin America, egwu Museum of Modern Art na Guggenheim Museum na New York City;  Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes na Museo de Arte Moderno na Buenos Aires ;  Museu de Arte Contemporânea da Universidade na São Paulo ;  na Museo Rufino Tamayo na Mexico City .

## Hụkwa

* Mgbasa ozi agwakọta
* Kwaaji nwere akpụrụ akpụ

## Ntụaka

* Bonevardi - Ịchụ Onyunyo, Ịrụ Art
* *The Shadow Chaser* nke Dore Ashton
* *Ime Anwansi* nke Ronald Christ, Ed. John Bennett na Gustavo Bonevardi. Mahadum Texas Press http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/books/bonbon.html

## Njikọ mpụga

* marcelobonevardi.com
* Ozi Askart.com na Marcelo Bonevardi