open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ihe Ndị Kraịst Romero mere

**Ndị Kraịst Initiative Romero** ( **CIR** ) bụ igi mmasị na Münster, Germany .  na-akwado iwu ọrụ na ikike mmadụ na mba Central America .  isi bụ isi nke ọrụ ya bụ Nkwado nke ndị otu dị na Central America.  CIR na-agbakwa egwu na Jamanị ma na- , calaamad na-egosi na mmalite nke iwulite àkwà mmiri n'etiti mba ndị a na-emepe mgba na Germany.  A na-akpọ ya aha bishọp Roman Óscar Romero, ma na-agba mbọ ịlụ egwuregwu ikpe na- ike ezi na ya maka ndị ogbenye, ndịiche iche na ndị a na-akpagbu.

* Mgbasa Ozi Clothes Clean (CCC), raara onwe ya nye iji kwalite ọnọdụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ uwe na oku maka ụkpụrụ kacha nta na sistemụ nlekota onwe ha  
* Akaụntụ ụlọ ọrụ (CorA), netwọkụ nke otu dị na Germany na-achọ ka ụlọ ọrụ kwanyere ikike mmadụ ma mezuo ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na gburugburu ụwa nabatara.
* ProNATs, *Pro los Niños y Adolescentes Trabajadores* (Maka ụmụaka na-arụ ọrụ na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma), netwọkụ nke otu na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-alụ ọgụ megide nrigbu ụmụaka na-arụ ọrụ.
* Code Common for Coffee Community (4C), tọrọ ntọala na 2004 site NGO, syndicates, ọha ụlọ ọrụ na German Coffee Union, Aims ịtọ ntọala mmekọrịta na gburugburu ebe obibi ụkpụrụ maka a zuru ụwa ọnụ maka mmepụta kọfị 

## Ihe omume
CIR na-akwado ihe dị ka ọrụ 90 na Central America kwa afọ.  Ọrụ ndị a na-ahụ anya na elele onwe onye nke ụmụ , akara maka ikike ụmụ mmadụ, ikike ikike nke ndị obodo, ọrụ ọrụ dị iche, vidiyo na nkwado nke na-arụ ọrụ, ecology, na ike agbara ọrụ.  ụzọ nke mmadụ.  Ndị CIR na-akwado nkwado mgbe ndị na-emere onwe ha mere.  Ọ na-hazi mmemme mmemme iwe ma ọ na emebisị ikike mmadụ, ma na-akwado agụụ na otu ndị ọzọ iji akwụkwọ ya.

Ndị CIR na-ahụ mpaghara ụlọ ọrụ uwe ma ọ bụ ikike mmadụ na eserese na Central America.  A na-enyere nke ọrụ ndị na-broshuọ na mpempe akwụkwọ, CIR na- blọgụ akwụkwọ ndị n'efu nke nsogbu iri na ise metụtara okwu ndị agha na-egosi nsogbu na eze ugbu a na Central America.

The work of the CIR is financed by membership fees and donations, donations from churches and private foundations, public donations and donations from the Romero Foundation.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke CIR
Millennium Star

The Millennium Star bụ diamond nke De Beers nwe.  na 203.04 carats (40.608 g), ọ bụ agba nke abụọ nti n'ụwa ama ama (ọkwa D, ntụgharị ntụ agba), n'ime na obere ihe, diamond nwere ụdị ube.

Achọpụta diamond ahụ na mpaghara Mbuji-Mayi nke Zaire na 1990 na nkwụnye ego;  Ebipụghị ya, ọ bụ carats 777 (155.4 g).  De Beers ndịra ya n'oge oke agha obodo nke mere nabeghị ruo etiti afụ iri ndụ.  O were ihe afụ atọ maka ndị ọrụ Steinmetz Diamond Group ụdị ube mara mma.  A na-eji lasers mee nwere ahụ.

.E sere ya nke mbụ na Ọktoba 1999 dị ka ebe etiti nke mkpokọta diamond De Beers Millennium.  Akọ ahụ gụ́ ola diamond iri na otu na-acha eze-eze 118 carats (23.6 g) na obi ibu ebi .  E sere ha na Millennium Dome nke London ụmụaka 2000. Enwere mbọ na 7 Nọvemba 2000 izu ohi mkpokọta (lee Millennium Dome raid ), mana ndị uwe ojii obodo mepere emepe emepe ụgbọ ahụ ahụ wee jide ndị ohi tupu ha agbapụ.  [1] Onye nta ndị mpụ Kris Hollington dere akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Diamond Geezers (  ) gbasara nwara izu ohi.  Akwụkwọ edemede zuru ezu ezu ihe mere eme nke Millennium Star.

Ola diamond kacha egbuchapụ (D) n'ịdị arọ bụ 1991 ụdị obi 273.85 carats (54.770 g) diamond Centenary

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke diamond

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Foto ụfọdụ nke diamond
Òtù:Aha
Obi nke Ebighị Ebi

Obi echiche ebi bụ diamond na-atụ 27.64 carats (5.528 g), nke agbagoro dị ka "Fancy Vivid Blue" site na Gemological Institute of America .  Ndị Steinmetz Group, bụ ndị nwe diamond tupu ha ere ya na De Beers Group, gbupụrụ obi nke mbụ ebi.

Eta obi nke mmalite ebi na Jenụwarị 2000 dị ka ụdị nke mkpokọta De Beers Millennium Jewels, nke asị Millennium Star .  E sere obi nke echiche ebi na ola diamond iri ndị ọzọ na-acha ọkụ;  nchịkọta nke diamond na-acha ọdụ ruru 118 carats (23.6 g).  E okporo ndị De Beers Millennium Jewel na Millennium Dome nke London n'ime afọ 2000 dum.  Mgbakọ e mere na 7 Nọvemba 2000 izu ohi mkpokọta ahụ emebiela

Na 2012, enweela asịrị na onye na-akụ ọkpọ Floyd Mayweather Jr. onye na-adọra ihe olu obi isi ebi maka ya, Shantel Jackson .  De Beers ikwu onye ha rere ya Diamond Heart of Eternity Diamond, ịhụnanya na onye nwe ya ugbu a ohere

## Omenala ama ama
Obi nke obodo ebi bụ ihe bara nnukwu uru nke ndidi ama ama nke Oké ifufe, diamond na-acha-agha na-acha ọkụ nke Rose, bụ onye na-eme ihe nkiri na ihe nkiri ihe nkiri Titanic .  [1] (E ihere diamond ahụ na 2000, ihe nkiri titanic sitere na 1997)

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke diamond

## Ihe ndetu

## Ntụaka

* Gemological Institute of America. "Obi nke Ebighị Ebi" .
* Ụwa nke diamond ama ama. "Ola diamond ama ama: Obi ebighi ebi" .
* Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. "Ebube nke diamond" Archived   . eweghachiri 12 Eprel 2005.
Òtù:Aha
Ụlọ Ọrụ Azụmaahịa Diamond nke Namibia

Namibia Diamond Trading Company ( NDTC ) bụ 50/50 ọnụ n'etiti Republic of Namibia na DTC ;  Ngwuputa na nhazi ogwe aka nke De Beers .  Namibia bụ ebe ama ama maka ola diamond dị mma ma bụrụ nke anọ na-ebupụ mineral na-akpata eserese na Africa.  [1] N'ihe gbasara ọnụ ọgụgụ, na mkpa akụ na nyere, ngwuputa diamond bụ ọrụ ihe ịga nke ọma na Namibia.

## Mmekọrịta NDTC
Emere nkwekọrịta na nkwekọrịta NDTC na Jenụwarị 2007. Dị ka NDTC si kwuo, e mepụtara mmekorita ahụ iji kwalite nhazi diamond, ịtụ ọnụ ahịa, ire na ịzụ ahịa ahịa na Namibia site na iji nkume ndị a na-egwupụta ihe n'ụlọ. A na-eme atụmatụ na a ga-ebupụ 300 nde diamond na Namibia na kalenda afọ 2009. 

## NDTC esemokwu gburugburu ebe obibi
Isi mgbasa nke njikọ aka NDTC akụkọ na 1994 site na ike ọchịchị n'etiti De Beers na-enwe nke Republic of Namibia, butere NamDeb [ de ] (Namibia-De Beers).  N'afọ 2007, e hibere NDTC [1] site n'ụkpụrụ ahụ ahụ na-kwenye na ngwuputa ihe ndị sitere n'okike na-adigide site na ngafe njikwa gburugburu ebe obibi, nke ewepụtara na ọrụ Ngwuputa NamDeb niile dị na Namibia.  Otú ọ dị, ọrụ Ngwuputa e kwem mmetụta ahụ mere ka e mebie gburugburu ebe obibi, ndị na-ekiri ebe obibi mmiri ozuzo, osisi na anụ ndị site n'okporo ụzọ na obodo ndị ọzọ, mkpọfu nke sedimenti n'oké osimiri na  ụgbọ ya na ndụ mmiri, ịba ahụ nke mkpọmkpọ ihe mkpofu., nchịkọta ihe mkpofu n'ụdị ọrụ na ụlọ na ọnya nke akwụkwọ site na njem.  Ruo ugbu a, ọ dịghị ego NamDeb ma ọ bụ NDTC ọchịchịla iji rụkwaa ma ọ bụ weghachi ebe obibi eke site mebiri na ọrụ ngwupụta diamond.

## Ndị nwe saịtị NDTC
NDTC, dị ka ọ dị na ngalaba DTC niile, na-enye eze ka ụlọ ọrụ ndị a maara dị ka ndị nwe saịtị ka ha mma ngwa nke diamond siri ike a na-egwupụta n'iche.  Nkwe ndị nwe saịtị dị ugbu a na-ejedebe na 2011, mgbe nke ahụ mma, a ga-egosi ndị nwe saịtị na De Beers.  Ugbu a, ọnụ aha iri na otu ndị nwe saịtị NDTC, play:

N'ogbe: NamGem, Finesse Diamond Corporation, Hardstone Processing, JKD Namibia, Namcot, LLD diamond (otu akụkụ nke Leviev Group), Laurelton-Reign diamonds, NU Diamond Manufacturing na Trau Bros. Diamonds Namibia

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Diamond Rose nke Mbụ

thumb
Premier Rose Diamond ( 353.9 carats (70.78 g) ) bụ otu n'ime nnukwu ihe bara nnukwu uru nke Premier Mine ikpe, nke De Beers na South Africa.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Egwu pụtara Rose Diamond na Machị 1978. Mouw Diamond Cutting ran ya na Johannesburg site na fim ya na William Goldberg nke New York City.  Rose Mouw, ebe Jacob Mouw, onye nchoputa nke Mouw Diamond Cutting, akara diamond maka bisection.

### Ịcha
Frans Swanepoel bụ onye na-ahụ maka ịwa diamond ahụ na nkewa nke ọkara dayamọnd bụ Sylvain Mouw na Jacques Mouw mere.  Marcel Cilliers Smulders bụ onye nkuzi nyere aka n'ịcha ahụ.  Nchacha nke diamond isi abụọ nke 137.02 (Big Rose) na 31.48 (Little Rose) ct.  Ọ bụ David du Plessis mere (onye na-ahụ maka ịchacha Jubilee ọla edo ma bụrụ otu n'ime ndị na-eme ihe nchacha nke Centenary Diamond ), yana 2.11 carats (422 mg) Baby Rose mere Mike Botha na Willem Joubert.  A na-akpọ ndị sitere na nkume mbụ ahụ bụ Premier Rose, nke ozi na-ejigide aha Premier Rose Diamond

Nchịkọta Premier Rose bụ otu n'ime ihe bara nnukwu uru kacha mma n'ụwa wee bụrụ akara nrịbama na nha anya maka nnukwu diamond ịkpụcha mma.

### Aha
E mechara eme diamond ahụ n'aha Premier nke m na Rose Mouw, ya mere aha ya bụ Premier Rose

### Nkọwa
diamond a egwu ihe ọ na-ekwu, ọ bụkwa ihe bara nnukwu uru na- ike ụcha.  diamond ahụ gosighi kristal a kapịrị ọnụ, a na-akpọ nkịtị ya ozizi ezi dị ka 'iberibe mkpochapụ'.  Ọ bụrụ na a na-amụ ụdị resin nke dayamọnd ahụ, ndị na-ekiri ihe na-agụ ọ là maka mgbawa igwe ma ọ bụ nke eke na diamond ahụ.  Ụdị nke diamond a bụ n'ihi nrụrụ plastik n'oge oge mgbawa nke kimberlite .  diamond ahụ gosighi trigons ọ àlà na ihu octahedral (111) ma ọ bụ striae a na-ahụ anya na ihu dodecahedral (110) na nghazi kristal sitere na nke nke ntụgharị orthogonal abụọ na otu ihu hexahedral (100)

## Hụkwa

## Njikọ mpụga

Òtù:Aha
Okpueze Talisman

Ọ bụ De Beers Diamond Jewelers mere Talisman Crown n'ememme Jubili diamond 60th nke Queen Elizabeth II, bụ nke kara akara afọ 60th nke Elizabeth II.

 Ejiri ma diamond siri ike ma na-egbu maramara pụta Talisman Crown mma, juxtaposition De Beers ejiri ya na mkpokọta Talisman ha.  "Ndị eze na ndị eze na-eyi dayamọnd siri ike n'otu oge, [ma na-eweta ike, akara na nọmba," ka De Beers's CEO, François Delage na-ekwu.  "Ahụ ji Iche ụdị dị iche iche nke agba, ndị na-egbochi diamond iji eji bara akpa nke na-eme ihe oge a na-akọ site na ìhè."

## Nkọwa
De Beers Talisman Crown nwere ngụkọta nke diamond 974, gụnyere 73 carat Central rough diamond.  "Dayịm na-adịghị ahụkebe na-eji ike pụrụ iche ma na-eweta chioma. Napoleon na-ebu otu n'ime akpa ya mgbe ọ bụla ọ na-aga agha, "Onye ọrụ De Beers kọwara na nkpughe nke okpueze na ụlọ ahịa flagship na Old Bond Street na London. 

797 n'ime diamond 974 na-egbu maramara yana 177 siri ike. Okpueze ahụ were ihe karịrị 100 awa iji wuchaa dị ka De Beers si kwuo. 

## Ikiri okpueze
E sere okpueze ahụ na Harrod nke London na June 2012 na mgbe oge ụfọdụ ikpe na De Beers Diamond Jewelers flagship store na Old Bond Street, okpueze ahụ gara Beijing, Shanghai, [1] Hong Kong, na New York City .

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Kọmitii Katọlik na-alụso agụụ na maka mmepe

**Kọmitii Katọlik megide agụụ na maka mmepe** ( ***CCFD-Terre Solidaire*** ; French  ) is a non-governmental organization that helps Catholics.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
Ebe a na-egwupụta diamond na Snap Lake

thumb
 

Snap Lake Mine bụ ọrụ dịpụrụ iche nke ijife na-efe efe dị ihe dịka 220 km (140 mi) n'ebe ugwu egwuregwu nke Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, na, dị ka De Beers si kwuo, bụ nke mbụ De Beers m na  obodo Africa.  Ọ bụkwa nke mbụ Canada nwere diamond n'okpuru ala kpamkpam

Owuwu nke site na mmeghe nke ụzọ oyi ga-enweta na 2005. Ka ọ na-erule njedebe nke 2013, De Beers ejirila US $ 1.8 ijeri na-ewu na m ọrụ.  N'ime ahụ ahụ, De Beers mefuru US $ 1.3 ijeri ya na ndị ọrụ na ndị na-ebubata ihe dabere na Northwest Territories,  ndị US $ 723 nde ndị nwere azụmahịa ndị Aboriginal ma ọ bụ ndị mmekọ ọnụ.

ogbunigwe ahụ ahụ iwu azụmahịa na Jenụwarị 16, 2008 ma meghere nke ọma na Julaị 25, 2008. N'afọ 2013, Snap Lake Mine nyere mmadụ 776 ọrụ afọ, afã mmadụ 274 nye ndị bi na Northwest Territories, na nso ndị ọrụ 300  bi na NWT buru n'oge ntule gburugburu ebe obibi nke ogbunigwe.  Ihe dị ka mmadụ 400 na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe a na-egwupụta ihe n'ụbọchị ọ llaba.  E mere dị na ndụ ogbunigwe ahụ ihe dị ka awụ iri na ise.  Atụmatụ na-atụ aro 16.1 nde ụgbọ ala nri ndụ m

Akwụkwọ ogbunigwe Snap Lake na Ice Road Truckers, onyonyo na Channel History .  E gosikwara ogbunigwe Snap Lake na Channel Discovery Channel show Daily Planet dị ka dị ka ihe nke ihe iche 'Daily Planet Goes North - More Ice for the Arctic

Ọdụ ụgbọ elu Snap Lake na-eje ozi ahụ, ọdụ ụgbọ elu nkeonwe nke bụ naanị maka ibu na ndị njem na-abanye ma na-enyere na saịtị dị ike na-enyere aka.

## Mmechi
Na Disemba 4, 2015, De Beers na-enye na n'ihi mbelata nke ihe ịrịba ama nke diamond na akwụkwọ onwe ikike dị oke ọnụ, ha ga-eche diamond na Snap Lake Mine, na-etinye ya na steeti "nlekọta na akwụkwọ" nchekwa  ike imeghe ọzọ n'oge ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ na achọrọ ya.  Ihe dị ka ndị ọrụ 70 ga-anọ na saịtị ahụ n'ihi ya, mana 434 chụrụ n'enwe.

## Hụkwa
thumb| Ndị na-ebu abụọ na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ na mgbake ọla

* Ekati Diamond Mine
* Diavik Diamond Mine
* Volcanism nke Northern Canada

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* "Na-egwu ala maka ola diamond 24/7 N'okpuru Ọdọ Mmiri Frozen Snap", *Wired*, Nọvemba 24, 2008
* Foto foto na De Beers Canada
* Ọrụ Snap Lake, gallery na Flickr
Òtù:Aha
Omume Ndị Mmadụ Maka Mmepe

**Ndị mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ maka mmepe (PAD)** na-arụ ọrụ na ihe karịrị ezinụlọ 14,000 nke ndị ọkụ azụ, palmyrah tappers, dalits, ụmụaka na ụmụ nwanyị na mpaghara Thothukudi na Ramanathapuram nke mpaghara Gulf nke Mannar . N'ime ọrụ dị iche iche nke PAD, nhazi obodo na mmepe, njikwa akụ sitere n'okike, okike na mmepe, ịzụ anụ anụmanụ, nchekwa ego na kredit, Ozi Ọgbọ na mgbasa ozi nye ndị nọ ná mkpa na njikwa ihe ize ndụ nke metụtara obodo (CBDRM) site na teknụzụ ozi na nkwukọrịta. Ngwa ICT) wdg, dị mkpa na ndị otu ndị na-enye onyinye na-akwado. Ọzọkwa, PAD na-eje ozi dị ka ụlọ ọrụ akụ na-enye ụzọ ntinye aka; Usoro nyocha nke ndụ, nyocha usoro ihe ezi uche dị na ya.

## Edensibia

* As of this edit, this article uses content from "People's Action for Development", which is licensed in a way that permits reuse under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, but not under the GFDL. All relevant terms must be followed.

na mmepe nke echiche / atụmatụ metụtara nsogbu nke mmepe site na ụzọ dị iche iche. NFD na-eme ọtụtụ mmemme mmụta na ngalaba dịka mgbakọ na mwepụ na sayensị . Ndị
Onye na-anabata ihe

Onye na-ahụ anya bụ ụlọ ọrụ na De Beers Global Sightholder Sales 's (DBGSS) ndepụta nke ikike ike ọrụ ola diamond .  De Beers Group mere ndepụta a, nke abụọ na-egwupụta diamond.  Amara DBGSS dị ka DTC ( ọrụ ahia ahia diamond).  Na Mee 2006, DTC weputara ndepụta nke ndị na-ekiri 93 na webụsaịtị ya.

&#x5B;&#x5D;E wedara ndepụta DTC Sightholder ka ọ ụlọ ọrụ 79 n'ụwa niile na Disemba 2007. [1] [ Nnwapụta dara ada ]

Ndepụta DTC nke ndị na-ahụ anya maka 2021 bụ ndị a; 

 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Kasturba Gandhi National Memorial Trust

thumb| Onye isi ala, Dr. Manmohan Singh na-enye 23rd Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration, na New Delhi na October 31, 2008
**Kasturba Gandhi National Memorial Trust** bụ ọgbakọ raara onwe ya nye maka mmepe ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụaka n'ime ime obodo India. Mahatma Gandhi hiwere ya na 1945 na nraranye nye nwunye ya nwụrụ anwụ Kasturba Gandhi . Ọ nwere isi ụlọ ọrụ ya na Kasturbagram, Indore, Madhya Pradesh . O nwere alaka na steeti iri abụọ na abụọ ma lekwasị anya na nlekọta ahụike, agụmakwụkwọ, ọzụzụ ọrụ na ọrụ.  Na 2008, Gọọmenti India nyere Indira Gandhi Award for National Integration na ntụkwasị obi. 

## Ndị isi oche
Ndepụta ndị isi oche nke Trust: 

* 1944–1948 Mahatma Gandhi
* 1948–1950 Vallabhbhai Patel
* 1951–1951 Thakkar Bapa
* 1951–1956 Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar
* 1956–1972 Premlila Vithaldas Thackersey
* 1972–1985 Lakshmi N. Menon
* 1985–1988 Maniben Patel
* 1988–2001 Sushila Nayyar
* 2001–2013 Dhirubhai Mehta
* 2013-2016 Tara Gandhi Bhattacharjee
* 2016- Kaunakar Trivedi dị ugbu a

## Hụkwa

* Shakuntala Choudhary

## Edensibia
St. Xavier's Social Service Society

**St. Xavier's Social Service Society** ( SXSSS), ọrụ Jesuit nke sitere na St., gburugburu ebe obibi na nhazi obodo. Mgbalị ya agbasawokwa n'ime ime obodo yana ọtụtụ ebe. 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
St. Xavier's Social Service Society (SXSSS) tolitere site na mmemme mgbasa ozi 1960 nke ụmụ akwụkwọ na ngalaba na St. Xavier's High School Loyola Hall, Ahmedabad. N'ime afọ ndị a, akụkụ atọ apụtala n'ihu: agụmakwụkwọ, ịhazi otu ndị mmadụ, na ihe ndị mmadụ na-eme iji meziwanye ndụ ha. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

N'afọ 1976, Fr. Erviti, tọrọ ntọala St. Xavier's Social Service Society (SXSSS) malite na ọrụ ndozigharị na Sankalitnagar. Na 1983 ọ kwagara na Mahajan-no-Vando na ebe mkpọda obodo Nagori Kabrasthan. Ọ nwetakwara ogige nke ya ma e wezụga ụlọ akwụkwọ St. Xavier. Na 1986 Erviti nwụrụ ma ndị Jesuit ndị ọzọ na-edu ndú.  E hiwere SXSSS Center for Orientation, Research, and Documentation (CORD) na 1989. </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) bụ mmemme nke Ministry of Human Resource Development nke India. Na 1990 SXSSS ghọrọ ụlọ akwụkwọ ikike izizi na mmemme a na Gujarat, yana Bekee na Hindi dị ka usoro nkuzi.  SXSSS na-anabatakwa ọnọdụ mberede - cyclones, idei mmiri, ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, ala ọma jijiji,  na ọgba aghara obodo nke mebiri ndụ na Gujarat.  

Ka ọ na-erule 1994 Society nọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na nnukwu akpa ego asaa, ma nwee ike na akụrụngwa na-abawanye ụba. Ego maka mmemme nri maka ọrụ na-abịa site n'ọtụtụ mba ọzọ.  Ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụghị Hindi ma ọ bụ ndị Alakụba na-agba SXSSS, a na-ahụ ya ka ọ na-ekwu okwu gbasara agbụrụ site n'ọnọdụ nnọpụiche. Ọzọkwa, o nwere ndị Sikh, Jains, Hindi, na ndị Alakụba na ndị ọrụ ya.  Na 1995, a kpọrọ ọgbakọ ahụ aha onye nnata mbụ nke Anubhai Chimanlal Nagarikta Puraskar maka nkwado ọ na-akwado na obodo Ahmedabad. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Na Disemba 2004, Jamat-e-Islam-e-Hind nyere onyinye ikike mmadụ ya nye St. Xavier's Social Service Society maka ọrụ na-enweghị isi maka ihe kpatara ịdị n'otu obodo na ikike mmadụ n'afọ 2002.  

N'afọ 2008, e nyere onyinye nturu ugo Communal Harmony na SXSSS ụlọ nlekọta ụmụaka (balmitras) Oriakụ Niruben Marwadi site na NRI Coalition, maka ịzọpụta ezinụlọ Muslim n'oge Gujarat Carnage na 2002.  

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Anderson, Mary B. (1999). ''Emela ihe ọjọọ: Olee otú enyemaka nwere ike isi kwado udo - ma ọ bụ agha'' . London: Lynne Rienner.  . pp.&nbsp;122–129.
* Bock, Joseph G (1995). ''The Harmony Project nke St. Xavier's Social Service Society, Ahmedabad, Gujarat India.'' Cambridge MA: CDA Mmekọrịta Ịmụ Ihe.
* Gosling, David L. (2001). ''Okpukpe na Ecology na India na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Eshia'' . London: Routledge. ISBN&nbsp; . pp.&nbsp;139,186.
* OOmmen, TK (2007). ''Post-Godhra Gujarat'' . New Delhi: Pearson Longman. Pp. 157-166.
* Tongeren, Paul van, et al (2005). "Njem Ijere Udo" na ''Ndị mmadụ na-ewu Udo II: Akụkọ na-aga nke ọma nke Civil Society'' . Ụlọ Ọrụ Europe Maka Mgbochi Ọgbaghara. ISBN&nbsp;

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta saịtị Jesuit

## Edensibia
Motiwala Education and Welfare Trust

**Motiwala Education and Welfare Trust** bụ mmemme mmụta na ọdịmma dabere na Nasik, India. E hiwere ntụkwasị obi ahụ na 1989 site n'aka Zubie Motiwala na di ya F. Motiwala. Ntọala malitere nke mbụ site n'inye ndị ogbenye enyemaka ahụike na n'oge na-adịghị anya gbasaa na kọleji na ụlọ akwụkwọ.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme

### Ogige Ọgwụ Ahụike Homeopathic nke Motiwala
Site na 1983 ruo 1989 Ogige Ahụike Homeopathic nke ime obodo nyere ọgwụgwọ homeopathic na enyemaka na Talukas nke Surgana, Dindori, Peth nke Maharashtra na Gujarat. Ntụkwasị obi bụ nzukọ Baháʼí Faith nke sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke na-elekwasị anya n'ịrụ ụlọ na ọrụ ọha na eze ogologo oge, nke di na nwunye ahụ na-etinye aka na oge ndụ ha niile.

## Ụlọ ọrụ ahụike

### Motiwala National Homeopathic Medical College
Ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji bụ Dr. Farooq Motiwala na Dr. Afsaneh Motiwala hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke Mahadum Ahụike Ahụike Maharashtra. Ọ bụ kọleji anabatara ma nye Bachelor of Homoeopathic Medical Sciences (BHMS).

### Motiwala Memorial General Hospital
E hiwere ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ na June 1991 ma na-enye ndị ọrịa ọrụ ọnụ ala na efu. Ọ dị n'otu ogige ụlọ akwụkwọ kọleji.

## Ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ

### Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Dawn Breakers
Ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Dawn Breakers, nke akpọrọ Dawn Breakers English Medium School tọrọ ntọala na 1992 site n'aka Rajendra Motiwala ma bụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị K-12 Baháʼí nke akpọrọ aha ederede akụkọ ihe mere eme Dawn-Breakers . Ọ dị na Nasik, naanị kilomita site na kọleji na ụlọ ọgwụ. Ụkpụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ bụ "Morality before Materiality". Mazi Rajendra Motiwala bụ Baháʼí ma na-akwalite nha anya, na-asọpụrụ ụdị dị iche iche na na-emesi ike na mma nke omume omume nke ngalaba na ụmụ akwụkwọ nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, n'ihe gbasara otu nkuzi omume mgbe niile na-eduzi na ọrụ ọrụ mmekọrịta site na ndị nkụzi. A na-anabata ọnụ ọgụgụ ụmụ akwụkwọ nwere oke na klaasị ọ bụla, a na-akwadokwa nsonye zuru ụwa ọnụ.

### Motiwala Educational Science College
Ihe e mesiri ike na kọleji bụ na mpaghara gburugburu ebe obibi na nke ọdịmma mmadụ. Ha na-akpọkọta ụmụ akwụkwọ si n'akụkụ niile nke ụwa wee mụọ ọnụ ma chọta azịza n'akụkụ ọmụmụ ihe.

### Ụlọ akwụkwọ Ọkachamara Pearl na-enweghị ọnụ
Emebere ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ Pearl enweghị ọnụ ahịa na 2002 wee rụọ ọrụ na Igatpuri. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ICSE na-ahazi ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ kemgbe 2005.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga
Ihe Omume Ahụike India

**Nke India Health Initiative** (IHI) bụ a ụmụ akwụkwọ na-agba ọsọ atumatu na-arụ ọrụ na ọtụtụ mahadum na Ontario, Canada, nke aims iziga ndị ọkachamara na-ahụ maka ahụike na ụmụ akwụkwọ na mpaghara dị iche iche na ime obodo India maka mmepe na agụmakwụkwọ ọrụ afọ ofufo.

## ndabere
Kemgbe mmalite ya na 2003, IHI ezipụla ụmụ akwụkwọ undergrad na gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Western Ontario, Mahadum Toronto na Mahadum McMaster . Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, ụmụ akwụkwọ 3-5 wepụtara onwe ha maka ọnwa 1–3 n'oge okpomọkụ ọ bụla. Ụmụ akwụkwọ si n'ọnọdụ ahụike dị iche iche pụta iji mepụta otu multidisciplinary na-enyocha na ịgwọ ndị na-enweghị nsogbu nke ime obodo ndịda India. Ha gụnyere: nọọsụ, physiotherapy, ọgwụgwọ ọrụ, akparamaagwa, agụmakwụkwọ, kinesiology na ọgwụ .

Onu ogugu a na-acho bu ndi ntorobia na umuaka nwere nkwarụ (nke kacha n'ihi nrụrụ ụbụrụ ma ọ bụ polio, mana ọrịa ndị ọzọ kpatara ya); ndị na-adịghị ahụ anya na ịnụ ihe; na ndị ọrụ mmekọahụ nwere nje HIV / AIDS .

## Ebumnuche
Ọ bụ ezie na ugbu a sitere na Mahadum Western Ontario, ebumnuche nzukọ a gbasaa na mahadum niile dị na Canada wee mepụta netwọkụ nke ndị ọkachamara nlekọta ahụike multidisciplinary nwere mmasị ogologo ndụ n'ime afọ ofufo na inye aka na ahụike mba ụwa. Ha na-emekwa atụmatụ iwulite njikọ n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ dị na Canada na ndị nọ na India. N'ikpeazụ, IHI na-ezube ịga n'ihu na ngalaba nke physiotherapy, ọgwụgwọ ọrụ, nkà mmụta okwu na nkà mmụta uche n'ime ime obodo India.

## Ndị nkwado na ndị mmekọ
IHI nabatara mahadum ndị dị n'elu yana òtù ndị ọzọ dị na Ontario, ndị kasị ukwuu bụ Trillium Health Center na IBM Canada. IHI na-enweta ego na enyemaka site n'aka Handicare International, ọrụ ebere edebanyere aha nke na-ebuli ego maka ndị NGO na ime obodo India, yana ego na-akwado ụmụaka na-enweghị isi.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Webụsaịtị IHI gọọmentị
* India Health Initiative nwa akwụkwọ wikisite , gụnyere foto sitere na njem ndị gara aga
* Ndi otu obi ndi India
Ụlọ Ịhụnanya (Mumbai)

**Ụlọ ịhụnanya (Mumbai)** ( *Sneha Sadan* ) nwere ụlọ ụmụaka na-enweghị ebe obibi na mpaghara Mumbai, India, yana ọrụ ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ ọrụ Society of Jesus .

Ụlọ ịhụnanya mbụ bụ ọnụ ụlọ dị na Kajuwadi na Chakala, Andheri nwere nanị ụmụ nwoke ise. N'April 1963, a malitere ụlọ nke abụọ na obodo Gundowli. Di na nwunye abụrụla nne na nna maka ebe nchekwa ndị a na-enweghị ebe obibi site na mmalite. N'afọ 1964 ka emepere ụlọ nke atọ na Holy Cross Church na Kurla . Nke anọ sochiri na 1965 na obodo Mogra, ebe obibi ụmụ nwoke 25, na emesia ụlọ dị nso na Andheri . N'afọ 1976, a gbanwere ụlọ nke asatọ ka ọ bụrụ ebe obibi ụmụ agbọghọ mbụ. Nke a toro ruo ebe Sndha Sadan na-arụ ụlọ 15, 10 maka ụmụ nwoke na ise maka ụmụ agbọghọ, ha niile ma e wezụga abụọ na Mumbai. Ụlọ ụfọdụ nwere ihe ruru ụmụaka iri atọ na ise, ndị di na nwunye na-elekọta. Na 1992 Sadan meghekwara ụlọ maka ụmụ nwanyị na ụmụ ha na na 2005 otu maka ụmụ agbọghọ ọ napụtara n'aka ịzụ ahịa mmekọahụ. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta saịtị Jesuit

## Edensibia
Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ

La Empresa, Ụlọ Ọrụ Ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ Ụlọ Ọrụ (Spanish: La empresa, La Nueva Empresa. Portuguese: A empresa) bụ ụlọ ọrụ Colombia na ndị na-ere ahịa ọgwụ na-adabere na Colombia.  La Empresa bụ katel ọhụrụ hibere na Medellín n'oge ngwụcha 1990s.[1]  Gerardo Santana Garza (nke a makwaara dị ka "300") na Luis Mendez, [2] [3] nwanne Garza Omar "The Gnome" Alejandro bụkwa onye isi na onye otu na cartel ahụ.  A na-ebo cartel ahụ ebubo na ọ bụ "agbajikwa" cartel nke Juárez Cartel, ọtụtụ ndị otu Juárez Cartel ghọrọ ndị mmegide nke cartel na site na 1998, cartel ahụ ghọrọ ihe na-adịghị mma.  N'afọ 1999, ọtụtụ ndị otu na-esi na cartel guzobe òtù nke ha.  N'ime mmalite 2000s, ndị òtù Juarez na ndị isi ọgwụ sitere na steeti Mexico na-emekọ ihe ọnụ mebere njikọ nke a maara dị ka 'The Golden Triangle Alliance' ma ọ bụ 'La Alianza Triángulo de Oro' n'ihi mpaghara mmetụta nke steeti atọ: Chihuahua, ndịda  steeti US nke Texas, Durango na Sinaloa, ndị otu ole na ole ndị ọzọ hibere yana njikọ aka ahụ.  La Empresa hibere n'oge a ma bụrụ otu n'ime ndị otu ahụ.. 

Ụlọ ọrụ Enterprise na-arụkarị ọrụ dị ka ndị na-ere ahịa ọgwụ ọjọọ, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nwere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ịzụ ahịa cocaine, heroin, MDMA, fentanyl, wii wii na nso nso a "cocaine pink. 

## Hụkwa

* Juárez Cartel
* La Línea (ndị otu)
* Sinaloa Cartel
* 2C-B

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Ihe osise Santa Cruz

Santa Cruz Cartel ( Spanish  ) bụ ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ Bolivian na òtù ndị omempụ, kwuru na ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu na mba ahụ, nke dị na Santa Cruz de la Sierra

Cartel ahụ bụ maka ọtụtụ ihe omume ndị na-eyi ọha egwu na 1980s, ndị mbi mbọ ụmụ na ndị ọrụ mmanye ọgwụ na mbọ na-agba na-agba ndị ụgbọ agha

Santa Cruz Cartel na ndị otu na-ere ọgwụ ọgwụ na Colombia, Brazil na Mexico aka, n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-etinye aka na agha dị iche iche iche ndị ọzọ obere ọgwụ ọgwụ.  [1] Ndị isi isi obodo na-ekwu na ndị otu Comando Vermelho (Red Command) ọgwụ ọgwụ ike agbala favelas nke Brazil ga Santa Cruz iji gbanarị ndị uwe ojii Federal. 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Ugo ojii

Black Eagles ( Spanish  ) bụ okwu na-azọ usoro ahohia ọgwụ Colombia, nku aka nri, ndị na- achọpụta, òtù ndị na-ahụ maka ndị agha mebere nke ndị agha na ndị dịbu adị, bụ ndị  sitere na ike nke usorotụ n'etiti 2004 na 2006, bụ nke zubere ntọala ngwa agha ahụ.  United Self-Defense Units of Colombia (AUC).

Ọ bụrụ na-ewere Black Eagles ka ọ ọgba nke atọ nke mgbọ agha, ma ndị agha Colombia na-atụ aro na ha bụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ n'ahịa n'etiti ndị agha guerrilla na ọgwụ nri n'  Colombia.  [1] Dị ka nke 2007, a kọrọ na ha na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'obodo Barrancabermeja .  [2] Dị ka Fundación Paz y Reconciliación si kwuo, Black Eagles dị adị adị na 2011. [3] ahụ, ọ dịghị ihe àmà nke ihe owuwu agha, ma ọ bụ ndị isi agha;  Kama nke ahụ, a na-eji okwu ahụ Águilas Negras dị ka "aha" site n'aka ndị omempụ dị iche iche na- ike .

## Mmalite
Ndị Black Eagles mbụ nke na mpaghara Norte de Santander na 2006. [1] Na 18 Ọktoba 2006, Onye isi ala Álvaro Uribe nyere iwu n'ihu ọha ka ijidere ha.  [2] Gọọmenti nyere iwu ka e akwado nchọta ọhụrụ ọhụrụ ndị Black Eagles wee kewaa ha dị ka otu ndị otu onye ọrụ nchekwa mbụ.

Ndị Black Eagles bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ otu e hiwere na-eso mwepu nke AUC, ma ekwuru na ha na ndị otu Usuga Clan ọgwụ na otu neo-paramilitary na-emekọ ihe ọnụ.

## Ọgwụ ọjọọ
Ndị Black Eagles nwere njikọ chiri anya na ndị na-agba ọgwụ ike ma na-etinye aka n'ịzụ ọgwụ ọgwụ, ịpụnara mmadụ ihe, nta ego na-amụ mmadụ .  Ha wakpokwara ndị otu okpuru na ndị a na-enyo enyo na ha nwere ike.  Otu onye ebubo na ọ na-edu ndị Black Eagles bụbu onye isi AUC Vicente Castaño .  [1] Castaño mechara gbanahụ, ndụ na e gburu ya na iwu nke Diego Murillo Bejarano na mmegwara maka iweghara ọrụ ya na ndị omekome 

## Otu dị iche iche

* *Los Rastrojos* : na-arụ ọrụ na Cauca na Valle del Cauca .  (ihe dị ka ndị otu 1200). 
* *Mano Negra* : na-arụ ọrụ na Putumayo . (Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị otu amaghi ama) 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akụkọ Colombia: profaịlụ Aguilas Negras
Òtù:Aha
Ntọala AROH

**AROH Foundation** bụ ọgbakọ mba India na-abụghị gọọmentị hiwere na 2001 site na Neelam Gupta.    Ọ bụ nzukọ na-arụ ọrụ maka obodo ndị na-enweghị isi site na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.   Isi ihe AROH Foundation lekwasịrị anya bụ na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ, ahụike, idebe ihe ọcha, ibi ndụ, njikwa akụrụngwa sitere n'okike, na ume ọhụrụ.

## Ozi
Iji nyere ndị ogbenye, ndị na-adịghị ike, na ndị ogbenye aka na ndị obodo, karịsịa ndị inyom, n'ime ime obodo na ọkara ime obodo na slums site n'ịzụlite nkà ndụ ha, nkà akụ na ụba, na nkà mmụta mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ime ka ha na-adabere na onwe ha. . Ọrụ kachasị mkpa nke AROH bụ ime ka ọha mmadụ kwụ ọtọ ebe mmadụ niile na-ebikọ ọnụ. 

## Ọhụụ
AROH na-achọ ụwa ebe ndị mmadụ na-ebi ná nsọpụrụ na nchebe ma nwee ohere nhata maka mmadụ nile. Ọhụụ a bụ maka ịkwado obodo ndị na-enweghị isi na ndị na-enweghị ike na ịhụ na mmepe ha na-emepụta ike na-arụpụta ihe maka usoro mmepe obodo. 

## Ọrụ
AROH Foundation na-arụ ọrụ maka ihe kpatara mmekọrịta ọha na eze - nkwalite akụ na ụba nke ndị ogbenye kemgbe mmalite ya n'afọ 2001. AROH anọwo na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche ọhụrụ na-adigide atumatu n'ebe ụmụ nwanyị ike ike  Holistic Rural Development Skill & Livelihood Generation, Health & Sanitation  na Water & Natural Resource Management  na 18 steeti India. Ka ọ dị ugbu a AROH emetụtala ndụ nke ihe karịrị mmadụ 5 lakh gụnyere ihe karịrị ụmụ nwanyị 2.5 lakh, yana ihe karịrị ụmụaka 50,000 n'ime *afọ 20 gara aga.* 

## Ihe nrite
Na-arụ ọrụ maka ebumnuche mmepe 17 niile na-adigide · AROH enyela onyinye n'ọtụtụ mba na mba ụwa gụnyere United Nations Global Compact India. Enyere AROH Foundation onyinye 'Mahatma Award for Social Good 21'. 

Enyere AROH Foundation onyinye na United Nations Global Compact Network India's 'Innovative Practices Award 2019. 

## Njikọ mgbasa ozi
    

## Njikọ vidiyo
Dr Neelam Gupta na mkparịta ụka ya na Srishti Sharma  कोविड-19 Sanskar TV 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị Aroh Foundation
* Aroh Foundation 
* A Ray nke Olileanya
Akụkụ Mgbalị

Bloque Meta (Bekee: Meta Block) bụ aha aha ọgwụ na Colombia, òtù ndị ọrụ nchekwa na-etinye aka na agha Colombia .  Enwere ike ịkpọ ihe mere eme Bloque Meta na United Self-Defense Forces nke Colombia, ma ọ bụ AUC.  Mgbe AUC ahụhụ na 2006, ọtụtụ ndị bụbu ndị ọrụ hibere ERPAC, nke ga-emesịa bụ́buru Bloque Meta, ka ọ gaa n'ihu na mgba mgba mgba megide FARC na ndị na-emeghị egwuregwu Colombia.  mbọ, a na-ahụta Bloque Meta dị ka otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ aha aha kacha njọ na Colombia.  [1] Otu a nwere ike ọrụ ihe dị ka ndị otu 260 n'ozuzu ya.  [2] E jidere onye ndu nke ikpeazụ nke ndị omempụ ahụ, Arnulfo Hernandez Guzman, nke a edemede dị ka Tigre, na September 22, 2017, na Villavicencio (Meta).  Site na njide a, dị ka njikọ nke Ministry of Defence si kwuo, a na-ekpochapụ ihe ahụ kpamkpam

## Akụkọ na-adịbeghị anya
 Ekwenyere na Bloque Meta bụ ndị bụbu ndị otu AUC bụ ndị ndu ọnụ na ndị otu AUC ndị ọzọ kere ya.  Ndị otu a hibere ERPAC, nke gbasasịrị na 2009, mgbe nke ahụ mma, ngalaba abụọ bilitere;  Bloque Meta na Libertadores del Vichada.  Otu ndị a na-alụ ogụ maka njikwa njikwa ọgwụ ike na ngalaba ọmụmụ Meta .  Onye ndu Bloque Meta, nke a na-akpọ 'Orozco', kwuru na N'ajụjụ ọnụ a na-adịbeghị anya na mgba mgba Libertadores del Vichada bụ ngwá agha, na ọ bụghị maka njikwa ngwaahịa ọgwụ.  [1] Mgbe e jidere ndị omempụ a maara dị ka El Loco Barrera na Jhonatan, na mgbakwunye na ịnwụ nke Pijarvey;  akwụkwọ ahụ dị n'aka onye na-ere ọgwụ ike bụ Mauricio Pachón Rozo, nke a na-emepụta dị ka "Puntilla" , nchọpụta nchọpụta ahụ;  Oge a na aha ọhụrụ: "Los Puntilleros", nke nwere isi ọrụ na Eastern Plains.  E jidere onye ndu ikpeazụ nke Puntilleros, Arnulfo Hernandez Guzman, nke a malite dị ka Tigre, na September 22, 2017, na Villavicencio (Meta).  Site na njide a, dị ka njikọ nke Ministry of Defence si kwuo, a na-ekpochapụ ihe ahụ kpamkpam

## Modus operandi
Bloque Meta na-eji egbe AK-47, egbe dị arọ na ngwa ngwa. 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Aha
Kansụl Ndị Gbara Ọsọ Ndụ nke Ireland

Ndị **Irish Refugee Council** (IRC) bụ ọrụ enyemaka mmadụ na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na-echekwa ikike nke ndị nchụpụ na-emetụta.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
A tọrọ ntọala Irish Refugee Council (IRC) dị ka ndị na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị, ọgbakọ ndị otu na 1992. Ọ na-achịkọta ndị otu na ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na-arụkọ ọrụ na ndị na-achọ mgbaba na ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ. N'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme ya, ọ natala ego n'aka gọọmentị Irish. 

## Ihe omume ndị bụ isi
Ebumnuche nke IRC bụ ịhụ na amụma mkpuchi na omume mgbapu na Ireland dabara nke ọma n'iwu mba ụwa wee hụ na ikike mmadụ nke ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na ndị na-achọ mgbaba. Ọ na-achọkwa ịkwalite mmata na nghọta nke okwu na-eche ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na ndị na-achọ mgbapu ihu na Ireland.  Ha na-enye ọtụtụ nkwado maka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na ndị na-achọ ebe mgbaba na Ireland, gụnyere ọrụ ntinye, ọrụ ndụmọdụ gbasara iwu, na ịgba mkpọsa. 

Ndị IRC akpọọla oku ka akwụsị inye aka ozugbo,  yana ịkpọ maka mbula mmadụ ọzọ na naanị mgbe ụzọ iwu ndị ọzọ gwụchara.  Ha kọwapụtala okwu gbasara ikike na ohere nke ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ ọhụrụ bịarutere Ireland na-emecha nke ọma ụdị ogologo achọrọ maka ndebanye aha ha. 

IRC bụ otu n'ime ụlọ ọrụ 7 anaghị akwụ ụgwọ na Ireland nke na-enye ndụmọdụ gbasara iwu n'efu, n'akụkụ Mercy Law Resource Center, Ballymun Community Law Center, Kansụl Immigrant nke Ireland, Ụlọ Ọrụ Ndụmọdụ Iwu n'efu, Ndị njem njem Irish na Northside Community. Ụlọ Iwu. 

N'oge ọrịa COVID-19, IRC n'akụkụ Nasc, Sanctuary Runners, Doras, Movement of Asylum achọ na Ireland, na Immigrant Council of Ireland, kpọrọ oku ka ewepụ ndị ọ bụla na-enweghị nsogbu na ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ kwabatara n'ebe a na-enye onyinye ozugbo. 

## Edensibia
Òtù Na-ahụ Maka Nrụzigharị Obodo

**Village Reconstruction Organisation** bụ ọgbakọ na-abụghị gọọmentị na Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. Ndị Jesuit Belgian Michael A. Windey tọrọ ntọala nzukọ a ma na-akwado ya nke ukwuu site na òtù Europe na obodo ndị na-enye onyinye. 

VRO na-akwado isi obodo ndị dara ogbenye, ndị na-adịghị ike arụ ọrụ, na ndị na-edebanyeghị aha na mpaghara dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ India . Kemgbe 1969, o nyerela aka wughachi 505 n'ime obodo ndị a,  ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ ndị ọdachi ndị sitere n'okike bibiri. Nzukọ a na-enyere aka n'iwu obodo, na akụrụngwa n'ime obodo: ụlọ, ụlọ akwụkwọ, nlekọta ụmụaka na ebe ndị obodo, karịsịa n'etiti Dalits . 

N'inye ndị obodo ndụmọdụ, VRO na-enye ego maka ịmepụta ọzụzụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike, yana mmemme maka nkwado ụmụ nwanyị.
thumb| Michael A. Windey

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Josef Hainz. (Hrsg.): *Feuer muß brennen.* *Dörfer für Indien.* . Maka Michael A. Windey, SJ, na emume nke 75th ụbọchị ọmụmụ ya na 28 April 1996, site na ndị enyi ya na Europe. Hardcover, Kelkheim-Eppenhain, onye mbipụta onwe ya, 2nd ed. (1996).
* *Mmepe na-adịgide adịgide.* *Theoretische Konzeption na Fallbeispiel.* . Ọrụ ọmụmụ nke Tobias Schmitt, Mahadum Tübingen, ụlọ ọrụ mpaghara (SS 1997), dị site na VRO Deutschland eV.
* Felix Duffner: *Nutzung der Wasserkraft durch Wasserräder.* Institute for Fluid Dynamics and Flow Machines na Mahadum Fridericana, Karlsruhe (TH), August 1993, dị site na VRO Deutschland eV.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
Muintir na Tíre

**Muintir na Tíre** ( nke pụtara "Ndị obodo") bụ ọgbakọ afọ ofufo nke mba Irish na-akwalite mmepe obodo na ime obodo.

Canon John Hayes tọrọ ntọala nzukọ na 1937.

## Ndị isi oche gara aga

* Canon John Hayes nchoputa: 1937-1957
* Canon Maurice Morrissey 1957-1963
* Ọkachamara Ray Browne 1963-1967
* Nkwakọba Patrick Purcell 1967-1971
* Con Lusey 1973-1976
* Ọkachamara John Stapleton 1976-1980
* Michael J. Lynch 1980-1983 & 1986-1994
* Lt. Col. Jim O'Brien 1983-1984
* Sean Hegarty 1984-1986 & 2001-2004
* Jim Quigley 1994-2001 
* Margaret O'Doherty 2004-2007
* Martin Quinn 2008-2011

Ewekọtara ndepụta a site na foto Tom Fitzgerald, Onye isi nchịkwa sitere na 1947 wetara ruo ezumike nka ya. 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Mepụta na weebụsaịtị
Trócaire

**Trocaire** (  , nke pụtara " ọmịiko ")  bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka mmepe na mba ofesi nke Chọọchị Katọlik na Ireland .

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Mgbọrọgwụ nke ọrụ ebere ahụ dabeere na Pope Paul VI '1967 encyclical *Populorum Progressio*,  nke kpọrọ oku ka ndị mmadụ mara ma meghachi omume na ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke na-eme gburugburu ụwa. Mgbe ahụ, na nzaghachi maka idei mmiri 1973 nke mebiri Bangladesh, Kadịnal William Conway hụrụ mkpa ọ dị maka ụlọ ọrụ ụka nke ga-ahazi onyinye ebere sitere na Ireland. Ndụ Trocaire malitere site n'akwụkwọ ozi pastor nke ndị Bishọp nke Ireland dere n'otu afọ ahụ. N'ime ya, ha wepụtara ebumnobi nke Trocaire: 
 
Isi ụlọ ọrụ nke Trocaire dị na St. Patrick's College, Maynooth, County Kildare. 

Na 2021, Trocaire ghọrọ onye otu Irish Emergency Alliance, usoro mkpesa nkwonkwo na Ireland raara onwe ya nye nnukwu ego enyemaka mmadụ. Njikọ ahụ gụnyere Trocaire na ọrụ ebere Irish isii ndị ọzọ. 

## Ethos
Trocaire na-arụ ọrụ na mmemme 127 gafee mba 20 na Africa, Latin America na Middle East. Ebumnuche nke mmemme ebere ahụ gụnyere ịkwado nha anya nwoke na nwanyị, ịzaghachi ihe mberede na ọdachi, na ịgbasa nsogbu HIV na AIDS. Dị ka akụkọ afọ 2020 nke Trocaire &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup> ọrụ mmemme ebere ahụ nwetara uru karịa 2.5.&nbsp;nde mmadụ. 

Overseas, Trocaire na-arụ ọrụ gafee a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mmemme ebe na-anapụta nkwado site mpaghara mmekọ òtù na chọọchị dị iche iche, na ihe mgbaru ọsọ nke na-enyere obodo na ezinụlọ aka ịtọhapụ onwe ha site na ịda ogbenye, ịnagide [[Okpomọkụ gburugburu ụwa|mgbanwe ihu igwe]], kwalite nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị, na-emeso ikpe na-ezighị ezi, nye enyemaka mberede na mberede. chebe ikike mmadụ. </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

Na Ireland, ndị ọrụ ebere na-achọ ịkwalite mmata banyere ihe na-akpata ịda ogbenye site na mmemme mgbasa ozi na ngalaba agụmakwụkwọ, site na netwọk parish, na mgbasa ozi ọha na eze na ọrụ nkwado. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Ihe omume
Na 1982, onye ọrụ Trocaire Sally O'Neill na Michael D. Higgins (nke a ga-emecha bụrụ onye isi ala Ireland ) gara El Salvador iji nyochaa ogbugbu El Mozote nke 1981, nke ndị agha Salvadoran gburu ihe karịrị ndị nkịtị 800.  Na 1984, Bishọp Eamonn Casey, onye isi oche nke Trócaire mgbe ahụ, jụrụ izute Ronald Reagan n'oge nleta onyeisi oche na Ireland, dịka mkpesa megide nkwado ọchịchị United States na-akwado ndị agha Salvadoran.  O'Neill rụkwara ọrụ na Etiopia n'oge ụnwụ nri n'etiti 1980s wee rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa na nzaghachi Trocaire maka ụnwụ nri na Somalia na mmalite 1990s. 

Na nzaghachi maka ọdachi ala ọma jijiji nke oke osimiri India nke 2004, nzukọ ahụ welitere ndekọ €27.5&nbsp;nde site na nchịkọta ụka, mkpokọta okporo ámá, na onyinye nke onwe.

Na Septemba 2015, Trocaire toro mkpebi gọọmentị Irish mere ịnabata ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ 4,000 na Ireland. 

## Ịchịkọta ego
Trocaire kwa afọ na-agba ọsọ a fundraising mkpesa n'oge Lent, na Trócaire igbe ekesa site ụka na ụlọ akwụkwọ, na-anakọta mgbe Ista.  Mkpesa 2015 welitere ihe dị ka nde euro 8.3 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Ndị injinia Na-enweghị Ókè (Ireland)

**Ndị injinia na-enweghị Borders Ireland** bụ ọgbakọ mmepe mba ụwa maka ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị ọkachamara si Ireland bụ ndị na-ekerịta mmasị na mmepe na-adigide site na injinịa na teknụzụ dabara adaba .

E hiwere nzukọ a na 2007, wee soro na mmemme izu abụọ na Sonairte: National Ecology Center na Co. Meath, Ireland. Mgbe a kwụsịrị ọrụ, obere ìgwè ndị injinia malitere mkparịta ụka gbasara ịtụte EWB-Ireland na 2009. Mkparịta ụka ndị a mere ka e guzobe kọmitii mba mbụ EWB-Ireland na Jenụwarị 2010. Kọmiti a bụ obere ndị injinia sitere na ọtụtụ ngalaba, dị na mba niile. 

Ugbu a, EWB-Ireland nwere alaka na University College Dublin na Queen's University Belfast . 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị EWB-Ireland
* Sonairte: National Ecology Center
JEN (onyinye)

**JEN**, nke a na-akpọbu **Japan Emergency NGO** s, hiwere na Jenụwarị 1994 dị ka ọgbakọ mbụ nke ndị NGO Japan.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Site n'ịrụ ọrụ na ijikọta nka nka nke mmadụ na ego n'ọtụtụ NGO, ọ bịara nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ nke otu NGO nwere ike isi ike. Ọ chọkwara ka e nweta ụdị enyemaka mmadụ na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ site na nkwado nke gọọmentị Japan na ndị otu UN.

Kemgbe Mee 1994, e hiwere ụlọ ọrụ iri na anọ n'ebe dị iche iche na Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina na Montenegro nke ndị ọrụ mba ụwa nyefere n'ụlọ ọrụ ọ bụla iji malite ọrụ enyemaka ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ na ndị chụpụrụ n'ebe obibi ha. Ọrụ JEN na Yugoslavia bụbu, bụ́ nke malitere ozugbo dị ka ọrụ ọkara afọ, toro site na enyemaka mberede ruo n'ịrụzigharị kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ. Na 2004, ọrụ niile etinyere ozugbo na Yugoslavia bụbu ma nyefee ya n'aka ndị NGO mpaghara.

Mgbe ala ọma jijiji Tōhoku na mbufịt nke afọ 2011 gasịrị, ndị otu JEN nke ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo gbasaa na Ishinomaki iji gwupụta ụlọ na ndị mmadụ site na irighiri ihe.  Ha rụkwara ọrụ n’iwughachi ụlọ.  Na 2012, ụlọ ọrụ Uniqlo tinyere $300 nde n'ime otu NGO 5, gụnyere JEN, iji kwado ọrụ ha. 

Na Maachị 2016, JEN nwetara ikike ịrụ ọrụ na Pakistan . 

Na October 2017, na mmekorita ya na Ford Foundation, JEN malitere ọrụ ugbo atọ na Sri Lanka iji maliteghachi akụ na ụba obodo mgbe Agha Obodo gasịrị. 

## Ihe oru ngo
thumb| Ụlọ akwụkwọ JEN dị na Bagh AJK
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, JEN na-arụ ọrụ na mba asaa gụnyere Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Iraq, Sudan,  Myanmar, na Niigata, Japan na ọrụ anyị dị iche iche sitere na ịnyeghachi ụlọ akwụkwọ dị na Iraq na Afghanistan site na mmemme ibi ndụ na Sri Lanka. JEN rụrụ ọrụ maka ndị ala ọma jijiji metụtara na 2005 na District Bagh, Kashmir, Pakistan

## Edensibia
Ebe obibi maka Ụmụ Mmadụ Ireland

**Habitat for Humanity Ireland** bụ ọgbakọ mmepe anaghị akwụ ụgwọ nke na-achọ "ịkpọkọta ndị mmadụ ọnụ iji wuo ụlọ, obodo na olile anya". &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

== Mmalite na nkwado ==
Na mbido 2001, otu ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu na ndị nnọchi anya ụlọ ụka na otu ụlọ si Dublin nwere mmasị na ọrụ Habitat for Humanity. </link>Na June 2002, otu isi na-aga Durban, South Africa, maka Jimmy Carter Work Project iji nweta ọrụ nke Habitat for Humanity <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5D; **' &#x5B; Mgbe ha lọtara, ha hiwere bọọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ma malite usoro mmekọ. 

Na Nọvemba 2002, onye nchoputa Habitat for Humanity International zutere Onye isi ala Mary McAleese mgbe ahụ na Áras an Uachtaráin . N'otu ụbọchị ahụ kọmitii ndị isi mba ụwa kwadoro nguzobe nke Habitat for Humanity Ireland na Belfast. >&#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Mmemme

### Mmemme Irish
Habitat for Humanity Ireland na-emekwa "mmemme mpaghara", nke ya na ndị ọchịchị obodo na otu dị na Dublin na-arụkọ ọrụ,  iji wuo ma rụkwaa ụlọ na mmekorita ya na ezinụlọ ndị nwere obere ego na mpaghara Dublin. Na 2012 ọrụ mmemme Mpaghara mere na Inchicore, Dublin.    Onye isi ala Ireland Michael D. Higgins gara na saịtị ahụ na ezinaụlọ ndị nwe ụlọ n'April 2012.  Na 2014 Habitat rụgharịrị ụlọ abụọ na Dublin 1. 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe obibi maka Humanity Ireland
Ntọala maka Mmepe / Enyemaka Mba Nile

***Foundation maka International Development/Relief*** ( **FIDR** ) bụ ụlọ ọrụ ọrụ nke nke Japan, nke hibere n'okpuru akwụkwọ nke Ihe gbasara mba ofesi nke Minista Japan na Ofesi nke Japan site n'aka Yamazaki Baking nchoputa Tojuro Iijima na 1990.

Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, nke ụmụ amaala na òtù ndị Japan na-akwado, na-arụ ọrụ enyemaka maka ndị mmadụ na mba ndị ka na-emepe emepe, gụnyere Cambodia, Vietnam, na Sri Lanka . 

FIDR na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a n'iwu ụlọ akwụkwọ na mpaghara dara ogbenye nke Vietnam na Cambodia.  Ego fu ya kwa afọ maka Vietnam dị ihe dị ka US$150,000.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ibe ebe obibi FIDR

Edemede a metụtara Ndepụta nke ndị na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị na Vietnam .
Camara (ụlọ ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya)

**Camara**.bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-elekọta mmadụ nke na-ozi kọmputa ndị emezi ma na-enye akwụkwọ ikike akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ na Etiopia Kenya, Zambia, Lesotho, Tanzania na Ireland

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Emebere Camara na 2005 site n'aka Cormac Lynch, onye bụbu onye injinia na onye na-ahụ maka ego agụ ego, onye mgbe ọ gara egwuregwu iji sere akwalite n'ụka obodo ndị nwere nsogbu n'ụwa.  Lynchmari n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na kọmputa bụ ihe kacha mkpa.  Mgbe ọ la ẹya na Dublin, ọ nnukwu PC ndị a tụfuru atụfu, mgbe echiche echiche, nke ga-ahụ Camara na-enye njedebe nke kọmputa ndụ ndụ ma na-erite uru ụlọ akwụkwọ nọ na obodo ndị dara ogbenye.

. Aha 'Camara' si n'olumba Bantu nke ike-isi Afrịka-egosi 'onye nkuzi' ma ọ bụ 'onye ji anụ na-ahụ ihe'.  Ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-agụ ya dị ka 'igwefoto' na-akpọ ya dị ka nke a, agbanyeghị na ike okwu ziri ezi bụ 'Ca ma ra' .  Akara nkọwa a, ANANSE NTONTAN ("web ududo"), sitere na akara adinkra achọtara na Ghana na ihe mere eme nke ụdị Asante na-eji akwa, ike na n'ite.

Onye isi oche nke itoolu nke Ireland Michael D. Higgins bụ otu n'ime ndị na-akwado ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, dịka onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri na onye nkụzi nke Britain bụ Lord David Puttnam . 

## Ihe nrite

* N'afọ 2018 Camara Education nwetara ihe nrite ezigbo ọchịchị maka mkpesa kwa afọ na nkwupụta ego ha. 
* Na 2016 Camara Education nwetara mmemme ọhụrụ nke afọ 2016 Dóchas Award na mmemme iMlango na Kenya. 
* N'afọ 2013 Camara Education nwetara ihe nrite ICT Excellence maka iji teknụzụ kacha mma na agụmakwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ọzụzụ. 
* N'afọ 2012 Camara Education nwetara onyinye nke Lord Mayor 's Award, nke a na-asọpụrụ Camara maka ntinye pụrụ iche o nyere Dublin na ụmụ amaala ya. 
* Na 2012 Camara Education họọrọ 32nd na Deloitte Technology Fast 50 Award nke na-asọpụrụ uto azụmahịa, ihe ọhụrụ nkà na ụzụ na mmụọ ịzụ ahịa. 
* Na 2012 Camara Rwanda, Hub of Camara Education, natara 'Japanese Award for most Innovative Development Project' na 12th kwa afọ Global Development Network ogbako na January 2011. 
* Na 2011 Camara Education ruru 15th ebe Deloitte Technology Fast 50 Award. 
* Na 2010 Camara nwetara onyinye Arthur Guinness Fund award . 

## Hụkwa

* Nrụgharị kọmputa
* Ihe mkpofu eletrọnịkị site na mba
* Teknụzụ Kọmputa maka mpaghara mmepe

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Camara
Ego Ntụkwasị Obi Mberede nke Afghanistan

Dị ka Ụlọ Ọrụ Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu Maka Nchikota nke Ọrụ Ndị Mmadụ si kwuo, e hiwere Funding Trust Emergency Trust Fund na June 1988 site n'aka odeakwụkwọ ukwu.  Ego enyemaka mberede nke Afghanistan kwụsịrị ọrụ ego na 2009. Ọ na-enyefe ego enwetara n'aka ndị na-enye onyinye maka ọrụ enyemaka na Afghanistan.  Ego a kwadoro Office nke osote onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche nke odeakwụkwọ ukwu na United Nations Assistance Mission na Afghanistan, na-enye ndị otu na-abụghị ndị gọọmentị na-arụ ọrụ iji gboo mkpa ndozigharị, na ịkwado ọrụ enyemaka mmadụ na mmepe akụ na ụba.

N'ihe dị ka afọ 2011, ọ nọ na-emechi ọrụ ya. 

## Ihe mmalite
N'afọ 2005, ego ahụ kwadoro mgbalị imezi ihe mberede na Chak E Wardak Dam iji gbochie oke mmiri na-abịa.   Kemgbe June 2007, o nyere ụfọdụ ego na mmemme mbelata ihe egwu dị egwu nke Mmemme mmepe United Nations. 

## Njikọ mpụga

* OCHA 2011 Mgbakwunye 4

## Edensibia
Olive Lembe di Sita

thumb|Olive Lembe Kabila (cropped).
**Marie Olive Lembe di Sita** (amụrụ na abali iri abuo na iteolu  29 Julaị na afo 1976) bụ onye bụbu First Lady nke Democratic Republic of the Congo . Ọ bụ enyi nwanyị ogologo oge nke Onye isi ala Congo Joseph Kabila onye ọ lụrụ na 1 June 2006, na-aghọ Nwanyị Mbụ nke mba ya. 

N'afọ 1998, di na nwunye ahụ mụrụ nwa nwanyị, Sifa Kabila, nke akpọrọ aha nne Kabila, na onye bụbu nwunye mbụ Sifa Mahanya.

## Agbamakwụkwọ
N'abali mbu nke onwa 1 June 2006, onye isi nke Maison Civile, Theo Mugalu, mara ọkwa agbamakwụkwọ nke Ms. Lembe di Sita na Onye isi ala. 

Ụbọchị abụọ dị iche iche pụtara, ụfọdụ akụkọ na-ekwu 10 June 2007,  na ndị ọzọ na-ekwu na 10 June 2006.  Agbamakwụkwọ ahụ mechara mee na abali iri na asaa 17 na onwa June 2006 na ebe obibi onye isi ala, na La Kinshasa)" id="mwFg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="La Gombe (Kinshasa)">Gombe, Kinshasa . 

Dị ka Onye isi ala Kabila bụ onye Protestant, na Ms. Lembe di Sita bụ onye Katọlik, emume agbamakwụkwọ ahụ bụ nke njikọ ụka, na Kadinal Etsou, na Mgr Pierre Marini Bodho - Bishọp na Onye isi oche nke Chọọchị Kraịst na Congo, chọọchị nche anwụ maka ọtụtụ okpukpe Protestant na Congo - na-eduzi. Otú ọ dị, Kadinal Etsou nwere ọganihu.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ