open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Riadh Guerfali

thumb
**Riadh Guerfali**,  makwaara site na pseudonym Astrubal, bụ onye ọkaiwu Tunisia na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ. A maara ya nke ọma maka ịbụ onye njikwa nke weebụsaịtị Nawaat, nke n'onwe ya ghọrọ ikpo okwu maka ịhazi ndị ngagharị iwe n'oge  mgbanwe Tunisia.

## Ihe omume ịntanetị
Na 2004, Apple mezigharịrị mgbasa ozi ya na 1984 iji gosipụta iPod.  N'ọnwa na-esote, Guerfaili dị ka Astrubal bulite mashup nke vidiyo ahụ na-eji onye isi ala Tunisia, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali dochie anya Big Brother. Vidio a bụ akụkụ nke mkpọsa mgbasa ozi na-emegide gọọmentị nke ndị Tunisia na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ malitere na 2002. 

Guerfali na-akwalite ọrụ odeakụkọ ụmụ amaala na Intanet.  Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Nawaat abụwo otu n'ime ngwá ọrụ Guerfali maka ịkwalite ọrụ odeakụkọ ụmụ amaala. 

Na 2011, Guerfali nwetara ihe nrite Netcitizen maka ịkwalite nnwere onwe ikwu okwu na ịntanetị.   Ndị Google na ndị nta akụkọ na-enweghị Borders kwadoro ihe nrite a .

## Ntuaka

# MacKinnon, Rebecca nkwenye nke netwọk: mgba zuru ụwa ọnụ maka nnwere onwe ịntanetị.New York: akwụkwọ ndị bụ isi. ISBN 978-0-465-02442-1.
# Ryan, Yasmine (13 Mee 2011). Blọọgụ ndị na-agbagha  nke Tunisia na-eguzosi ike n'ihe ịmalite". alJazeera. Eweputara 14 Eprel 2012.
# "Blogger meriri ihe nrite nnwere onwe ikwu okwu".france24.com. 3 Novemba 2011. Eweputara 14 Eprel 2012.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Blog Astrubal (n'asụsụ French) 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Sami Ben Gharbia

[áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ben Gharbia n'oge nzukọ ndị Arab Bloggers nke mbụ na Beirut, [Lebanon|Lebanọn, na 2008]]
**Sami Ben Gharbia** bụ Onye Tunisia na-eme mkpọsa maka Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, onye na-ede blọgụ, onye edemede na onye na-akwado nnwere onwe ikwu okwu. Ọ bụ onye gbara ọsọ ndụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bi na Netherlands n'etiti afọ 1998 na 2011. Sami bụ onye dere akwụkwọ (n'asụsụ French) Borj Erroumi XL. Ọ bụ onye guzobere onye nduzi nke Advocacy arm nke Global Voices Online ma bụrụkwa onye guzobere blọọgụ Nawaat, ebe nrụọrụ weebụ na-ahụ maka akụkọ nke ụmụ amaala Tunisia nke kwadoro mgbanwe Tunisian. O sokwa guzobe The Arab Techies Collective na onye nhazi nke The Arab Bloggers Conferences . 

## Ọrụ na  ogbaaghara Tunisia
Ben Gharbia kwadoro ndị na-ede blọgụ na Tunisia mgbe gọọmentị malitere iwu nke Nnyocha Ịntanetị na Tunisia. 

## Nnabata
*Iwu Mba Ọzọ* kpọrọ Sami Ben Gharbia dị ka nnukwu mmetụta ụwa n'ịkwalite nghọta gọọmentị.

Prince Claus Awards kpọrọ Sami Ben Gharbia na 2012 maka ọrụ cyber-activism ọhụrụ ya karịsịa site na mgbasa ozi mmekọrịta.

*Vrij Nederland* kpọrọ Sami Ben Gharbia dị ka otu n'ime ndị Dwarsdenkers ya na 2012.

*Yahoo!* kpọrọ Sami Ben Gharbia dị ka otu n'ime onye nke afọ n'oge 2010 World Press Freedom maka ọrụ ya lekwasịrị anya na nyocha Inter-net.

*Electronic Frontier Foundation* nyere ndị guzobere Nawaat, gụnyere Ben Gharbia, onyinye Pioneer Award ha nke afọ 2011.

## Ntuaka

# Badran,Yazan(8oktoba 2011). " Nzukọ ndị na-ede blọgụ Arab nke mbụ bụ igodo nzuzo na nke dị ala. Ọ bụghị nke afọ a". Eweputara Novemba 2012.
# Randeree,Bilal(11 julai 2011). "N'ime Arab spring".AlJazeera. eweputara 15 Eprel 2012.
# " Ndị FP kacha elu 100 ndị na-eche echiche zuru ụwa ọnụ". Amụma mba ofesi. Decemba 2011. echekwara ra site na nke izizi na 3 Novemba 2012. Eweputara 15 Eprel 2012.

## Njikọ mpụga

* profaịlụ na Global Voices Online
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Abdel Nasser Ould Ethmane

**Abdel Nasser Ould Ethmane**  bụ onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ nke Mauritania bụ otu n'ime ndị tọrọ ntọala nke SOS Slaves.  Ya na Boubacar Messaoud tọrọ ntọala otu ndị ruuru mmadụ ka ha kwụsị ịgba ohu na Mauritania.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Mgbe ọ dị afọ 7, e nyere Abdel nhọrọ nke onyinye na onye nwe Yebawa Ould Keihel, nwa okorobịa nwere akpụkpọ ojii, na-emepụta njikọ nke nna ha ukwu na ohu ha na-amanye ha na ihe mgbochi na mmekọrịta ha mebiri.

N'oge ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na Nouakchott, Abdel gbasoro ndụ na-akwagharị akwagharị. Mmetụta ya malitere mgbe onye nkuzi Europe kenyere ya na French Cultural Center, ebe ọ zutere ahịrịokwu "A mụrụ ụmụ nwoke ma nọgide na-enwere onwe ma ha nhata na ikike" site na ederede banyere French Revolution. Nkwupụta a kpaliri Abdel nke ukwuu, na-akpali mgbanwe n'ụkpụrụ ya.

Mgbe ọ rịọchara ndụmọdụ n'aka nna ya, Abdel chọpụtara na nna ya nwara ịtọhapụ ndị ohu ha n'oge gara aga, mana ndị ohu ahụ n'onwe ha chere mmegide ihu. Mkpughe a kpaliri Abdel ịkatọ ịgba ohu ma rụọ ọrụ ndị dị ala nke ndị ohu ya na-arụbu dịka akụkụ nke mmepe onwe ya.

### Ndị Ohu SOS
N'afọ 1995, Abdel guzobere SOS Slaves na Boubacar Messaoud, onye bụbu ohu. Ha jikọrọ aka chọọ ịkwụsị omume ịgba ohu na Mauritania, nke bụ nke iwu na-akwadoghị kemgbe 1981.

E jidere ndị ikom abụọ ahụ ma mekpọọ ha ọnụ na mgbalị ha ime ka ndị nwe ohu, na ndị isi ojii, kwenye na ịgba ohu ezighi ezi.

SOS Slaves bipụtara akụkọ banyere ndị ohu a tọhapụrụ, na mgbakwunye na lobbying maka ndị ohu a na-atọhapụbeghị. N'afọ 2007, gọọmentị Mauritania ji otu olu tie vootu iji mee ka inwe ohu bụrụ mpụ.

### Nkwado mba ụwa
Abdel bụ onye ndụmọdụ UN n'ọfịs nke West Africa. Ọ bụkwa onye otu Human Rights Foundation's International Council . 

## Ntuaka

1.
Sutter, John. "Nna ukwu ohu na-aghọ onye na-ekpochapụ". edemede. 
CNN. Eweputara 2012-05-17.

## Njikọ mpụga

* The Human Rights Foundation
* Nzukọ Nnwere Onwe nke Oslo
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ketty Nivyabandi

**Ketty Nivyabandi** (amụrụ n'afọ 1978) bụ onye Burundi na-ede uri na Onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na-ebi na Canada.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ ya na Belgium ma too na Bujumbura, Burundi, ebe ọ gụrụ International Relations ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ. na Margaret Busby's New Daughters (2019). N'afọ 2012, Nivyabandi nọchitere anya Burundi na London Poetry Parnassus dị ka akụkụ nke Summer Olympics. 

Nivyabandi ghọrọ onye na-eme ngagharị iwe n'oge nsogbu iwu nke Burundi na 2015. Ọ duziri ngagharị iwe mbụ nke ụmụ nwanyị na Burundi ma bụrụ onye guzobere Women and Girls Movement for Peace and Security na Burundi. A manyere ya ịgbapụ na mba ahụ mgbe gọọmentị lekwasịrị ya anya. Ọ gbara akaebe n'ihu House of Commons nke Canada's Subcommittee on International Human Rights on human rights violations in Burundi, ma na-ekwu okwu mgbe niile banyere ikike mmadụ, ọkachasị ikike ụmụ nwanyị na mmetụta nke esemokwu na ndụ ụmụ nwanyị. N'afọ 2016, a gụnyere ya na Kate Schatz's Rad Women Worldwide . 

N'afọ 2017, Nivyabandi sonyeere ndị ọrụ nke Nobel Women's Initiative dị ka onye mmekọ mgbasa ozi. 
## Ntuaka
1.
"Ketty Nivyabandi".
Geneva nzuko maka ikike mmadu na ochichi onye kwuo uche ya.
2. "Ketty 
Nivyabandi". ụbọchị akwụkwọ akụkọ ụwa. Machii 2014.
3.
"Izina". okwu na-enweghị osisi. Julai 2015.
4. Okoro,Dike, ed.(2012). Anyị agafeela ọtụtụ osimiri: Abụ ọhụrụ sitere na africa . mkpokọta akwụkwọ africa.  
ISBN 9789788244325.5. "Ụmụ nwanyị ọhụrụ". onye mba ụwa ọhụrụ. Eprel 17, 2019. ewepụtara junn 6, 2021.
6. "zute Ketty Nivyabandi, Burundi". 
Ntụnyere ụmụ nwanyị Nobel. Novemba 30, 2017.
7.  Schatz, Kate ed.(2016). Ụmụ nwanyị Rad gburugburu ụwa: Onye na-ese ihe na onye na-eme egwuregwu, ndị pirates na punks, na ndị ọzọ na-eme mgbanwe bụ ndị mere akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ten speed press. ISBN 978039957886188.  "11th Geneva summit -Mar. 26,2019".  Nzukọ Geneva maka ikike mmadụ na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya.

9.  "Ketty Nivyabandi".  okwu na-enweghị oke.

## Njikọ mpụga

* 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Farida Nabourema

thumb|Farida Nabourema (2018)
**Farida Bemba Nabourema** (amụrụ n'afọ 1990) bụ onye Togo na-ahụ maka Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na onye edemede nke lụrụ ọgụ maka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Togo kemgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma. Mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, o guzobere òtù "Faure Must Go", na-akpọ oku maka nguzogide obodo maka ọdịmma nke ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya. E bipụtara ya na 2014, akwụkwọ edemede ya La Pression de l'Oppression (The Pressure of Oppression) na-agba ume iguzogide ndị a na-emegbu emegbu.  N'afọ 2017, a nabatara Nabourema dị ka "Onye Nkwado nke Afọ (Nwanyị) " site na Africa Youth Awards . 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ ya na 19 Eprel 1990 na Lomé, Farida Bemba Nabourema gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ na baccalauréat na 2007, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị ọ gụrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme na Mahadum Lomé .  Ọ tolitere n'okpuru ọchịchị mmegbu nke Gnassingbé Eyadéma ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 2005. Nwa ya nwoke, onye ọchịchị aka ike Faure Gnassingbé nọchiri ya. A tara nna Farida Nabourema ahụhụ nke ukwuu n'afọ 2003 mgbe ọ dị naanị afọ iri na atọ. N'ihi ya, ọ ghọrọ onye nnupụisi n'onwe ya.

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, ọ kwagara na United States ebe ọ gụrụ mmekọrịta mba ụwa na American University School of International Service na Washington, D.C. Afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, o guzobere òtù "Faure Must Go", na-ahazi mmegide megide Faure Gnassingbé. Kemgbe ahụ, ọ ghọrọ okwu mmegide nke òtù nnupụisi nke Togo.

Nabourema enwebeghị ike ịlaghachi n'ala nne ya n'ihi na ndụ ya nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. Ugbu a, ọ na-aga site na mba gaa na mba ọzọ, na-edebe blọọgụ ya na-ewu ewu ma na-akpọ oku maka mmegide megide ọchịchị Faure. O kwuru n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, sị: "Mgbe m lere anya n'àjà niile e mere maka anyị iji nweta nke a, site n'ọgbọ nna m ruo n'ọzọ nna m na ugbu a ruo n'aka nke m, enwere m ekele na olileanya. ... Olileanya na Togo ebe nwa amaala ọ bụla nwere ike ịchọ ịghọ onye isi ala n'atụghị egwu ịbọ ọbọ ma ọ bụ ọnwụ. " 

## Ntuaka
1.
"Farida Nabourema".  TED. Eweputara 17 Febuwari 2020.
2.
Nordlinger,Jay(22 oktoba 2018). 
"Ada togo". nyocha mba. Eweputara 17 Febuwari 2020.
3.
"Akwupụtala ndị mmeri maka 2017 African Youth Award".
B&FT. 4 Jenuwari 2018. Eweputara 17 Febuwari 2020.
4.  "Farida Bemba" ( na French).   Afrocentricity. Eweputara 17 Febuwari 2020.
5.
Mahtani, Melissa (13 junn 2018).  "Faure ga ala: 
 ka otu nwanyị togo si etinye ndụ ya n'ihe ize ndụ iji kwụsị afọ 50 Gnassingbe dinasty". 
CNN. Eweputara 17 Febuwari 2020.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Blog Farida Bemba Nabourema
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Djely Karifa

**Djely Karifa** bụ onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na Guinea. A mụrụ ya na Dabola n'ime ezinụlọ bara ọgaranya, ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke CAPSDH, onye isi oche nke African Peace Academy ACAP nke dị na Algiers nakwa nke Coordination of African Human Rights NGOs na Geneva, ebe obibi ya ugbu a.

## Ntuaka

# Epesmandala.com eweputara Novemba 20, 2010, na way back machine

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Earnest Mudzengi

**Earnest Mudzengi**  bụ onye isi obodo nke Zimbabwe National Constitutional Assembly (NCA) ruo 2010.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Mudzengi gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị na Gweru, ma mesịa nweta nzere masta na Media and Communication Studies na Mahadum Zimbabwe (UZ) n'afọ 2001. Mgbe ọ nọ na UZ, Mudzengi na-etinye aka na mmegide ụmụ akwụkwọ, na-aghọ Onye isi oche nke Kọmitii Ntụziaka ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị UZ na 1997. Ọ bụkwa onye ndụmọdụ pụrụ iche na Kọmitii Nnọchiteanya Ụmụ akwụkwọ (SRC) n'etiti afọ 1996 na 1997.

N'afọ 2002, Mudzengi sonyeere National Constitutional Assembly (NCA), na mbụ dị ka onye ọrụ ozi na nkwado. Ndị uwe ojii ejidewo ya ọtụtụ oge, n'otu oge a na-ejide ya ụbọchị anọ n'ebughị ụzọ kpee ya ikpe, yana mwakpo siri ike. Ewezuga ọrụ ya na NCA, Mudzengi bụ onye nkuzi ọmụmụ mgbasa ozi na Zimbabwe Open University ebe o nyere aka na ide ọtụtụ modulu na nkuzi gụnyere Nkwurịta okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nyocha akụkọ, njikwa mgbasa ozi na ndị ọzọ.   

## Ntuaka

# "Forside". Global aktion. Eweputara 25 Eprel 2021.
# "Nbipụta echekwara". ewetara site na nke izizi na 14 junn 2011. Eweputara 11 Eprel 2010.:CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
# "ZimOnline-  Zimbabwe's independent news agency". Ewetara from the original on 17 septemba 2009. Eweputara 11 Eprel 2010.
# "SW radio African news story". Ewetara from the original na 30 septemba 2011.
# "ZIM NEWS/ Zimbabwe latest news headlines today, breaking top stories live now". ZIM NEWS/Zimbabwe latest news headlines today, Breaking top stories live now. Eweputara 25 eprel 2021.

## Njikọ mpụga

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mokhtar Yahyaoui

**Mokhtar Yahyaoui** (Arabic)  bụ onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ na onye ọkaikpe Tunisia. Ọ megidere usoro nke onye isi ala Tunisia mbụ Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.  A mụrụ Yahyaoui na June 1, 1952, na obodo Ksar Hadada na ndịda Tunisia, ma nwụọ na Septemba 22, 2015, na Teskrayah n'obodo nta nke Ghazaleh nke si n'ógbè Bizerte .

E kewapụrụ ya na 2001 site na ndị ọka ikpe ma weghara ihe onwunwe ya, mgbe o zigara Onye isi ala Ben Ali ozi na-akatọ usoro ikpe nke Tunisia. Mgbe Mgbanwe ọchịchị nke Tunisia gasịrị, Ụlọikpe Nchịkwa tụgharịrị ikpe megide ya na Machị 23, 2011. Mgbe mkpebi ụlọ ikpe gasịrị, ọ laghachiri n'ọrụ iwu.

## Ihe omume
Mgbe Mgbanwe ọchịchị nke Tunisia gasịrị, Yahyaoui ghọrọ onye otu mba nke Higher Authority for Realization of the Objectives of the Revolution, Political Reform and Democratic Transition na 2011. Mgbe ahụ, a họpụtara ya na Febụwarị 2012, Onye isi oche nke National Commission for the Protection of Personal Data.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Ọkàikpe Yahyaoui nwere nwa nwanyị Amira Yahyaoui, ọ bụ onye na-eme ngagharị iwe na onye guzobere otu NGO Al Bawsala. Nwa nwanne ya nwoke bụ onye na-ede blọgụ a ma ama bụ Zouhair Yahyaoui, onye guzobere ebe nrụọrụ weebụ satirical TUNeZINE, ọ bụ onye mbụ na-emegide cyber nwụrụ n'ihi mmekpa ahụ na 2005.

## Ọnwụ
Yahyaoui nwụrụ dị ka akụkọ ahụike mbụ si kwuo nkwụsị obi na Septemba 22, 2015, na Teskrayah n'obodo Ghazaleh site na mpaghara Bizerte. A kpọfere ya n'ụlọ ọgwụ mpaghara Al Habib Boktefh na Bizerte wee gaa n'Ụlọ Ọgwụ Charles Nicolle na Tunis.E liri ya na Septemba 23. Ọtụtụ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Tunisia gara olili ozu ya, gụnyere onye bụbu onye isi ala nke mba Tunisia Moncef Marzouki, onye bụbu onyeisi gọọmentị Ali Laarayedh, onye bụzi Minista na-ahụ maka ọrụ Zied Ladhari na onye bụzi Mịnịsta na-ahụ Maka teknụzụ nkwukọrịta na akụ na ụba dijitalụ Noomane Fehri, yana onye bụbu Mịnịsta Samir Dilou, Abdul Wahab Matar, Abdham, Abd, Abdhamham, yana ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Rached, Abdom, Hammad Gnou, Ahmed Meshodi, Hammad. 
Ndị ọka ikpe nọ n'ụlọ ikpe niile na ụlọ ọrụ ikpe na Ngalaba Na-ahụ Maka Akụkọ na Tunisia kwụsịrị ịgbachi nkịtị otu nkeji tupu mmalite nke nnọkọ ahụ iji cheta mmụọ nke Onye ọka ikpe Mokhtar Yahyaoui, na dịka ihe Association of Tunisian Judges kwuru na nguzo a bụ ihe na-emetụta mmezu maka onye ọka ikpe Mokctar Yahyaoui na maka ọgụ ọ gafere tupu mgbanwe Tunisia maka nnwere onwe nke ikpe na mmeri nrụrụ aka. 


## Nkwanye ugwu na ihe nrite

* Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị n'October 7, 2015, ezinụlọ ya natara klas nke abụọ nke Order of the Republic of Tunisia site n'aka Onye isi ala nke Republic of Tunisia Beji Caid Essebsi . 

## Hụkwa

* 18 Ọktoba Njikọ maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru na Nnwere Onwe

## Ntuaka

# (Eng) ọnwụ nke okaikpe MokhtarYahyaoui, Tunisia live  yahyaoui- onwu/ eweputara 2015-09-30 na wayback machine
# (French) ajụjụ ọnụ na Mokhtar Yahyaoui gbasara ọchichi   Ben Ali https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=9rPZsm0zJKc
# Onye isiala republic nke Tunisia na-enye klas nke abụọ nke usoro nke Republic of Tunisia ikpe ikpe ezinụlọ yahyaoui http://www.rtci.tn/hommage posthume-Posthume-au-magistrat-mokhtar- yahyaoui/
Morissanda Kouyaté

**Morissanda Kouyaté**, onye a makwaara dị ka ** (Mory Sandan Kouyaté) ** bụ dọkịta na-ahụ maka ahụike na Guinea na onye na-emegide igbu ọkpụkpụ nwanyị. Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ime ihe ike gasịrị, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Mịnịsta na-ahụ maka ihe gbasara mba ofesi, imekọ ihe ọnụ mba ụwa, njikọta Afrịka na ndị Guinea na mba ofesi n'ọnwa Ọktoba, 2021. 

## Mgbalị
Kouyaté guzobere Kọmitii Inter-African na Omenala Na-emerụ Ahụ (IAC) na 1984 na Dakar, Senegal. N'afọ 2012, o so dee Mkpebi 67/146 nke UN General Assembly Resolution, na-akpọ mba niile ka ha kwụsị FGM.

## Ihe nrite

* 2020 United Nations Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela Prize, n'akụkụ onye ọrụ ebere Gris Marianna Vardinogiannis.

## Ntụaka

# Ben Ahmed,Lassaad;Ndiaye,Alioune (oktoba 26, 2021). "Guinee- Conakry nomination de 4 nouveaux ministries". aa.com.tr (na french).  Agence Anadolu. Eweputara Novemba 1, 2021.
# Diallo,Tidjane(oktoba 25, 2021).  "Gouvernement mohamed Beavogui: le Transition nomme quatre nouveaux ministres" . Guinee36.com (na french). Eweputara Novemba 1, 2021.
# "Mandela prize awarded to Greek and Guinean rights activist" UN News. Julai 1 2020. Eweputara julai 23, 2020.
# "Dr. Morissanda Kouyate".vital voices eweputara julai 23, 2020.

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Abdalle Mumin

**Abdalle Ahmed Mumin** bụ onye nta akụkọ Somalia, onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, na onye na-ede akwụkwọ Hounded: African Journalists in Exile . Ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Somali Journalists Syndicate ugbu a na onye edemede maka *The Guardian* .   N'abalị iri na otu n'ọnwa Ọktoba, e jidere ya ka ọ na-echere ụgbọ elu na-aga Nairobi ma kpọga ya na Godka Jila'ow, ebe a na-edebe ndị mkpọrọ. Ndị ọchịchị Somalia jidere ya ụbọchị atọ n'ebe ahụ maka "mgbalị megide Ndị agha Alakụba" na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ Afrịka ma mesịa tọhapụ ya na mgbapụta mgbe ụbọchị 10 nke ndị uwe ojii n'October 22.

Ọ lanarịrị mwakpo na mbido 2015 ka ọ gbasasịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ Wall Street Journal maka ogbugbu onye ndu al-Shabaab.

## Ntụaka

# "Abdalle Mumin: Onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ na onye ukwu nke jonalism somali." Amnesty International. 3 Mee 2023.
# Burke, Jason (24 Novemba 2022). 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Souleymane Guengueng

**Souleymane Guengueng** bụ onye a tara ahụhụ na Chad na onye na-ahụ maka Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, onye nyere aka n'iweta ikpe megide onye ọchịchị aka ike mbụ Hissène Habré. A mụrụ ya n'afọ 1952. 

N'afọ 2006, ya na ihe karịrị mmadụ iri itoolu ndị ọzọ gbara akaebe megide Habré n'ụlọ ikpe dị na Senegal. Ihe karịrị mmadụ 90 gbara akaebe n'ụlọ ikpe a. Ọ na-eme onwe ya na ihe nkiri 2007 "The Dictator Hunter" nke onye nduzi Klaartje Quirijns. Ọ bụ onye isi oche guzobere AVCRP.Souleymane nọrọ afọ atọ nke ndụ ya n'ụlọ mkpọrọ.

## Ntụaka

#

 o nyeere aka kwatu onye ọchịchị aka ike. Na New York, Ọ bụ ihu ọzọ n'ime igwe mmadụ ahụ.        2. 

 Na-ekwu ikpe ziri ezi:Ụzọ dị ogologo gaa na ụlọ ndị Afrịka pụrụiche.
3. Onye a tara ahụhụ nye onye mmeri: Akụkọ nke Souleymane Guengueng

## Njikọ mpụga

* 'Ọ na-emebi n'okpuru mmekpa ahụ. Ugbu a Ọ na-agba Akaebe', New York Times, March 31, 2001
* Ihe ndekọ akụkọ ndụ, ihe omume 2003 na London School of Economics
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Nadingar Ekoue Thérèse

**Nadingar Ekoue Thérèse** (nwuru 14 Ogost 2020) bụ onye ọkaiwu nwanyị Chad mbụ na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ , bụ onye a ma ama maka ọrụ ya n'ịgbachitere ụmụ mgbei na ndị na-adịghị ike.  Ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Chad Bar Association.

## Ndụ mbido na agụmakwụkwọ
Ekoue Thérèse    Amụrụ ma zụlite na Chad Mana onwere ndu agụmakwụkwọ na mba di iche iche 

Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ praịmarị ya na N'Djamena Chad. O nwetara Asambodo Praimari na Elementary Studies (CEPE) naVichy naFrance na afọ 1971.

Ọ nwetakwara ụfọdụ agụmakwụkwọ praịmarị ya na kọleji Notre Dame des Apôtres dị na Lomé, TogoMgbe afọ ole na ole gasịrị, ọ laghachiri isi obodo Chadian, N'Djamena wee nweta Brevet d'Etudes du Premier cycle (BEPC) na 1975 wee bụrụ baccalaureate na 1978 na Félix Eboué High School na Chad.

Ekoue Thérèse nwetara akara ugo mmụta na iwu nzuzo na Mahadum Marien Ngouabi dị na Brazzaville, Congo.

## Ọru
Ekoue Thérèse  bụ ọkàiwu site na 1992. Ọ meghere ụlọ ọrụ iwu mgbe afọ ole na ole nwechara ahụmahụ ma jee ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke   Chad Bar Association. Ọ zụkwara ndị ọkaiwu ise (5) ọzọ na obodo ya, Chad .

## Ndụ onwe onye
Ekoue Thérese  lụrụ Emmanuel Nadingar onye bụbu Prime Minister nke Chad site na Machii 2010 ruo Jenụwarị 2013. Ọ mụrụ ụmụ ise .

## Ọnwu
Ekoue Thérèse nwuru na 14 ogost 2020.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ndị ọkaiwu na ndị ọkaikpe nke ụmụ nwanyị mbụ na Africa

## Ntụaka

# "Tchad: qui etait Nadingar Therese, la premirere avocate tchadienne ?".   Tchadienfos.com (na French) 2020-08-28. Eweputara 2020-11-13.
# "Communication de Maitre Nadine DOSSOU SAKPONOU Avocate au Barreau du Benin, vice-presidente de l'association des Femmes Avocates du Benin" (PDF). Eweputara site  na nke izizi (PDF) na 2017-09-10. Eweputara 2018- 05-15.
Sarah Mkhonza

**Sarah Mkhonza** (onye amụrụ **Sarah Thembile Du Pont**; 7 Mee 1957) bụ onye edemede Swazi, onye nkuzi na onye na-ahụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị bi na United States.

Mkhonza nwetara Ph.D. na Mahadum Michigan State. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ maka Times *Oge Swaziland* na The Swazi Observer ma kụzie Bekee na Linguistics na Mahadum Swaziland. N'ihi na ederede ya katọrọ ndị ọchịchị na Swaziland, e nyere ya iwu ka ọ kwụsị ide ihe. Egwu na mwakpo ndị sochirinụ mere ka ọ chọọ ebe mgbaba ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na United States na 2005. 

Mkhonza guzobere Association of African Women na African Book Fund Group na Mahadum Michigan State. Ọ kụziri na Africana Studies and Research Center na Mahadum Cornell, na Mahadum Boston na Mahadum Stanford . 

N'afọ 2002, ọ natara onyinye Hammett-Hellman site na Human Rights Watch. Mkhonza enwetala onyinye Oxfam Novib / PEN . 

## Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ

* *Ihe Ọdịnihu Na-ejide* (1989) 
* *Ihe mgbu nke Nwa agbọghọ* (1989) 
* *Akụkọ Abụọ* (2007) 
* Nwaanyị N'Oké Osisi (2008) 
* Ịsacha ákwà okooko osisi (2008) 

## Ihe odide

# "Sarah Mkhonza: na aluru Swaziland ọgụ".Njem omenala. 
# "Sarah Mkhonza". lthaca city of Asylum.
# "Dissident and novelist from African autocracy finds sanctuary at Cornell". Chronicle. Septemba 12, 2006.
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Undule Mwakasungula

**Undule Mwakasungula** bụ onye 'na-ala ezumike nká' na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na Malawi. Dị ka onye na-eme ngagharị iwe, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onyeisi oche nke Kọmitii Ntụziaka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ (HRCC). Ọ bụkwa onye bụbu onye nduzi nke Centre for Human Rights and Rehabilitation (HCRR), netwọk nke Church Institutions, Human Rights NGOs na Law Society of Malawi nke na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ n'akụkụ nke ikike mmadụ, nkwado na ịkekọrịta ozi.  HRCC na Mwakasungula bụ otu n'ime ndị isi na-ahazi Ngagharị iwe nke July 20, 2011 na Malawi.  Ọ bụ onye mmegide siri ike nke ọchịchị Bingu wa Mutharika, na-eji ya tụnyere ọchịchị Robert Mugabe nke Zimbabwe, "Anyị fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ Zimbabwe, ma na akụ na ụba ma na ọchịchị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị".

## Ngagharị iwe Malawi
Mwakasungula kwuru na e jidere ya ma jide ya na Lilongwe n'ụbọchị ngagharị iwe ahụ ma mesịa tọhapụ ya. Ọ gara zoo obere oge mgbe ngagharị iwe nke July 20, 2011 na Malawi. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ọnụ na-ekwuru ndị isi ngagharị iwe ma kwupụta mwepụ nke ngagharị iwe nke August 17.

## Mgbalị Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Nwoke Na-edina
Ọ batara n'okpuru nkatọ site n'aka ndị otu obodo na-emegide nwoke idina nwoke na Malawi n'ihi nkwado ya maka ndị na-edina nwoke na nwanyị idina nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị idina nwanyị na Malawi na ikwu okwu n'ezoghị ọnụ megide mpụ nke ndina ụdị onwe.

1. http://www.hrccmw.org/publications/photo-gallery/

2. allAfrica.com:Malawi: A very Reverend dialogue begins (page 1of 2)
3.  https://web.archive.org/web/20130805010444/http://niger/ 1.com/? tag=undule-mwakas ungula  eweputara 2014-09-07 at the wayback Machine

4.   Malawi nwere ike ịbụ Zimbabwe na-esote: undule Mwakasunglal www.malawitoday.com
5.  "Malawi president given ultimatum". www. AlJazeera.com.eweputara 2019-07-03.
6. Ndị otu obodo Malawi na-akpọ ngagharị iwe ka ha kwenye maka mkparịta ụka: News-africareview.com
7. Mgba nke otu undule Mwakasungura
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Paulette Badjo Ezouehu

**Paulette Badjo Ezouehu** bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị bụ onye Minista nke ikike mmadụ na nnwere onwe ọha nke Republic of Ivory Coast site na Jenụwarị 2016 ruo Jenụwarị 2017.  Ezouehu chịkwara National Commission of Inquiry maka arụrụ arụ na mpụ ndị e mere n'oge Agha Obodo Ivorian nke Abụọ nke 2011.  

## Ihe nrite

* Onye isi oche nke National Order of Ivorian Merit
## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Joana Foster

**Joana Foster** (15 Febụwarị 1946 - 5 Nọvemba 2016) bụ onye Ghana-British na-eme ihe ike na onye ọka iwu. 

## Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ Joana na Ghana ma gaa Achimota School . 

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Joana gụrụ akwụkwọ na Ghana na United Kingdom. Ọ gụrụ iwu na Mahadum Leeds wee gaa n'ihu iru eru dị ka onye ọka iwu, ma mesịa kụzie na kọleji dị iche iche.

## Ọrụ
Joana bụ onye ọka iwu site na ọrụ.

## Ihe nrite na nnabata
Joana na Bisi Adeleye-Fayemi na Hilda M. Tadria guzobere African Women's Development Fund na 2000.

## Ntụaka

# "LOUD WHISPERS: Joanna Silochina foster  (1946-2016)".
# Sekyiamah, Nana Darkoa.
# "Mrs. Joana Foster".
# "Joana Foster:" O mere ka ụmụ nwanyị Afrịka ghọta na ha nwere ike ime ihe ọ bụla".
Fouad Abdelmoumni

**Fouad Abdelmoumni** bụ onye Moroccan na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na onye na-ahụ Maka akụ na ụba. Ọ bụ odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke Transparency Maroc kemgbe 13 Febụwarị 2016 .  Ọ bụ onye isi nchịkwa nke NGO Al Amana site na 1997 ruo 2010. 

## Ntụaka

# "Found Abdelmoumni". JeuneAfrique.com. 13 septemba 2004.
# "Found Abdelmoumni, nouveau secretair e general de Transparency Maroc".
# "Found Abdelmoumni prend la Tete de Transparency Maroc". 13 Febuwari 2016.
# "Passionne du microcredit et fondateur de la plus grande association, Al Amana".
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Halima Embarek Warzazi

**Halima Embarek Warzazi** (amụrụ n'afọ 1933) bụ onye nnọchi anya mba Moroccan na onye na-ahụ maka Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, onye nwere ọrụ ogologo oge na United Nations.

## Ntụaka

# Glacier,Osire (2012). "Warzazi,Halima Embarek (1933-)". In Emmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong, Henry Louis Gates Jr.(eds.).Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke akụkọ ndụ africa. Vol.5. OUP USA. pp.155-7. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.  
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Zineb Benani

**Zineb Benani** (amuru Jenụwarị 1, 1940 na Sidi-Kacem, Morocco) bụ onye Moroccan na-akwado ikike mmadụ, onye bụbu onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, onye edemede na onye na-ese ihe.  Benani bụ nwanyị mbụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Morocco

Mgbe ọtụtụ mgbalị na ọdịda gasịrị, Benani ghọrọ nwanyị mbụ a họpụtara na Nọvemba 12, 1976, na mpaghara nke anọ nke obodo Sidi-Kacem. N'ụzọ dị otú a, ọ ghọrọ nwanyị Moroccan mbụ sonyeere kansụl obodo ma bụrụkwa nwanyị mbụ so na obodo dị na mpaghara Cherarda Beni-Hassen.   Ọ nọ n'ọkwa osote onye isi oche nke kansụl obodo na onye ọrụ gọọmentị yana ọkwa onye isi oche oche nke kọmitii ọdịnala nke obodo ahụ. Ọ bụ onye otu Socialist Union of Popular Forces . Nhọrọ nke Zineb Benani na 1976 bụ ihe dị ịrịba ama na akụkọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ụmụ nwanyị Moroccan, maka ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Morocco na 1970s na maka ihe ndị metụtara ọgụ na ime ihe iji tọhapụ ụmụ nwanyị n'ozuzu, na mba ebe ikike ụmụ nwanyị bụ nsogbu dị egwu n'oge ahụ.

Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, Benani rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ maka ụmụ agbọghọ na obodo Sidi-Kacem. O wee jide ọkwa onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ na Rabat na 90s.

Benani nwekwara mmasị na ọdịbendị, o mepụtara usoro ihe osise gosipụtara na ngosi na Rabat, ụlọ nke Ministry of Culture na 2005. O biputara akwukwo akwukwo na-akọwa ọgụ ya maka ihe ndi inyom na ihe ndi mmadu n'ozuzu.

## Ntụaka

# ghassenbouatlaoui (December 9,2010). "Zineb Benani demande  de la necessite d' appliquer le quota feminin dans la vie politique au Maroc". Eweputara Jenuwari 21, 2017-via YouTube.
#
# "Vernissage de l'exposition'lmages mentales d'un Maroc libre et en couleur". blog.ma.  eweputara Jenuwari 21, 2017.
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Akoto Ampaw

**Anthony Akoto Ampaw** (1950 - 20 Ọktoba 2023), nke a makwaara dị ka **Sheey Sheey**, bụ onye ọka iwu Ghana na onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ.  Ọ bụ onye isi nke ndị ọka iwu na-agbachitere mmeri Onye isi ala Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo na ntuli aka onye isi ala nke 2020 na Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Ghana. 

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Akoto Ampaw gụrụ LL.B na Mahadum Ghana na 1973 ma bụrụkwa onye gụchara na ụlọ akwụkwọ iwu Ghana na 1993.

Onye ọka iwu nwụrụ anwụ Akoto Ampaw nwụrụ na Mahadum Ghana Medical Center (UGMC) na 20th October 2023. Ememe otu izu nke Ampaw na 5th Nọvemba 2023 na ebe obibi Akoto- Ampaw, North Keneshie, n'akụkụ ụlọ ọgwụ Holy Trinity dị na Accra.  

## Ntụaka

# Dartfah Frimpong, Enoch(20 oktoba 2023). " Onye ọka iwu Ghana kacha Anthony Akoto Ampaw na-agafe".  Graphic Online.
# "Akoto Ampaw, Biography". www.ghanaweb.com. eweputara 20 oktoba 2023.
# " Lake Akoto Ampaw's emere emume otu izu".Citinewsroom- Comprehensive New in Ghana. 5 Novemba 2023. Eweputara 16 decemba 2023.
# "Ọkaiwu ama ama, Akoto Ampaw kọrọ na anwụọla- My JoyOnline".www.myjoyonline.com. 20 oktoba 2023. Eweputara 16 decemba 2023.
# emmakd(16 decemba 2023)."Akoto Ampaw Ọnọkwara 6. Nartey, Laud(20 oktoba 2023). "Akoto Ampaw bụ ezi ọkaiwu ikike mmadụ Nyaho-Tamakloe/ 3NEWS.COM". 3 news.com. eweputara 16 Decemba 2023.
Abderrazak Afilal Alami Idrissi

**Abderrazak Afilal Alami Idrissi** (1923 - 25 Ọktoba 2020) bụ onye Moroccan na-ahụ maka akụ na ụba na unionist. Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere General Union of Moroccan Workers nke jikọtara ya na Istiqlal Party na 20 Machị 1960.

## Akụkọ ndụ
In 1948, Idrissi joined the General Confederation of Labour in the days of French Morocco. He was exiled in the Sahara Desert from 1949 to 1950 after advocating for teachers' rights. He joined the Moroccan Workers' Union before inside dissent grew unbearable and he helped establish the General Union of Moroccan Workers. He succeeded Hachem Amine as secretary general of the union in 1964.

N'afọ 1965, Idrissi ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị guzobere National Union of Students of Morocco na Moroccan League for Human Rights. Site na 1977 ruo 1983, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke Morocco, ebe ọ ghọrọ Onye isi oche nke Istiqlal Party na Nzukọ Ezumezu. Site na 1977 ruo 1992 na ọzọ site na 1997 ruo 2002, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche nke obodo Aïn Sebaâ. N'afọ 1990, ọ ghọrọ onye otu Consultative Council for Human Rights. A họpụtara ya na ntuli aka ime obodo na 12 June 2009.

## Ezinụlọ
A họpụtara nwunye ya Mahjouba Zoubaïri MP na ntuli aka izugbe nke Moroccan 2002 na ntuli aka izugbe Moroccan 2007 na ndepụta mba.

## Ọnwụ
Abdrazek Afilal Al-Umi Idriss nwuru na Casablanca na Ọktọba 2020.  

## Ntụaka

# "Hespress( in Arabic). 25 oktoba 2020.
# "Organisa  Union Generale des Travailleu du Marco( in French).wetara site na nke izizi na 2 machii 2007. Eweputara 26 oktoba 2020.
# " Casa24(in Arabic). 25 oktoba 2020.
Khadija Ryadi

**Khadija Ryadi** (Arabic; amụrụ n'afọ 1960)  bụ onye Moroccan Human Rights, onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na onye bụbu onye isi oche nke Moroccan Association for Human Rights (AMDH). N'ọnwa Disemba afọ 2013, ọ meriri ihe nrite nke United Nations na ngalaba nke ikike mmadụ.

Ryadi gụsịrị akwụkwọ dị ka onye injinia ọnụ ọgụgụ ma rụọ ọrụ na Ministry of Economy and Finance .  Ọ bụ onye otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Annahj Addimocrati.  

## Hụkwa

* Ali Lmrabet
* Aboubakr Jamaica
* Abdellatif Zeroual
* Ali Anouzla

## Ntụaka

# M'Hamed Hamrouch(8 Mee 2007). "Une femme a la tete de l'AMDH". Aujourd'hui le Maroc. Eweputara 8 Decemba 2013.
# "Ahmed el  Haij, nouveau president de l'AMDH". Wetara site na nke izizi na 2014-02-01. Eweputara 2014-10-21.
# "Nouvelle presidente de l'Association marocaine des droits de l'homme". Jeune Afrique. 15 Mee 2007. Eweputara 8 Decemba 2013.
# "Et de deux !". Maroc hebdo. 11 Mee 2007. Eweputara 8 Decemba 2013.
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:1960 births
Rachid Mimouni

**Rachid Mimouni** (N'asụsụ Arabic) (20 Nọvemba 1945 - 12 Febụwarị 1995) bụ onye odee, onye nkuzi na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ.

 Mimouni dere akwụkwọ akụkọ na-akọwa obodo Algeria n'ụdị ezi uche dị na ya. Ndị agha Alakụba yiri ya egwu maka nguzo ya megide otu ngagharị nke ọ kọwara dị ka dabere na echiche ochie, adịghị mkpa n'oge a.  

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Rachid Mimouni na Boudouaou, 30 kilomita site na Algiers n'ezinụlọ ndị ogbenye.&nbsp;

Mimouni gụrụ sayensị na Mahadum Algiers tupu ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi na École supérieure du commerce (ụlọ akwụkwọ azụmahịa) na Algiers. Ọ bụ onye isi oche nke ntọala Kateb Yacine ma bụrụkwa osote onye isi oche na Amnesty International. Ọ gbapụrụ Algeria gaa France na 1993 iji gbanahụ agha obodo na ogbugbu nke ndị ụbụrụ na-aghọ nkọ. Ọ nwụrụ na Paris na 1995 n'ihi ịba ọcha n'anya.

## Ọrụ

* Oge opupu ihe ubi ga-aka mma karịa (1978)   
* Ámá Osimiri a tụgharịrị atụgharị (1982)   
* Ihe isi ike ị ga-ebi na ya (1983)   
* Shia (1984)   
* Nsọpụrụ nke agbụrụ ahụ (1989)   
* Ákwà mgbochi nke ogresse (1990)   
* Udo a ga-ebi na ya (1991)   
* Ákwà obi ọjọọ n'ozuzu ya na nke intégrism karịsịa (1992)   
* Ọchịchị Anyanwụ (1993)   
* Ihe ndekọ nke Tangier (1995)   
* Ihe isi ike ị ga-ebi na ya (1983)   

## Ihe nrite maka akwụkwọ

* Ihe nrite nke ọbụbụenyi Franco-Arab (Fraco-Arab Friendship Award) maka nsọpụrụ nke agbụrụ ahụ (1990)   
* Ihe nrite nke ndị na-enyocha akwụkwọ: Ruban de la francophonie (Literary Critics Award, best Francophone novel) maka nsọpụrụ nke agbụrụ ahụ (1990)    
* Ihe nrite nke akwụkwọ-ihe nkiri nke emume ihe nkiri mba ụwa na Cannes (Cannes Film Festival Film-Literature Award) maka nsọpụrụ nke agbụrụ ahụ (1990)   
* Ihe nrite nke Académie française (Académie française Award) maka eriri ogres (1991)   
* Prix Hassan II des Quatre Jurys (Hassan II Four Juries Award) maka ọrụ ya zuru ezu (1992) 
* Ihe nrite Albert Camus (Albert Camus Award) maka ihe mgbu a ga-ebi na ihe obi ọjọọ n'ozuzu ya na nke nkwenye n'ofe (1993)   
* Ihe nrite nke Levant (Levant Award) maka ọnụ ahụ (1993)   
* Ihe nrite nnwere onwe edemede (Literary Freedom Award) maka La malédiction (1994)   
* Prix spécial Grand Atlas (Special Grand Atlas Award) maka ọrụ ya zuru ezu (1995) 

## Ntụaka

# Barbarie et integrisme
# "Rachid Miimouni(1945-1995)- Bibliographie"  bnf.fr.  Bibliotheq nationale de France. Eweputara 21 Julai 2015.
# Abu- Haidar, Farida. "OBITUARY: Rachid Mimouni". Independent.co.uk. the independent eweputara 21 Julai 2015.
Salima Ghezali

**Salima Ghezali** (; amuru 1958) bu onye nta akuko na odee.

Onye guzobere Women in Europe and the Maghreb, onye isi oche nke njikọ maka ọganihu nke ụmụ nwanyị, onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke magazin ụmụ nwanyị *NYSSA*, nke ọ tọrọ ntọala, na onye nchịkọta akụkọ akụkọ nke asụsụ French kwa izu La Nation, Salima Ghezali bụ onye na-ahụ maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị na ikike mmadụ na ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya na Algeria.

N'afọ 1997, Ghezali ritere Ihe nrite Sakharov  yana Ihe nrite Olof Palme .

## Ntụaka

# "Ghezali's dangerous beat". Third  World Network. Ewetara site na nke izizi na 2013-03-05. Eweputara 2010-04 -12.
# "Salima Ghezail 1997". 2008-12-04. Wetara site na nke izizi na 2011-08-26.
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Margaret Sekaggya

thumb|Sekaggya na 2016
**Margaret Sekaggya**  bụ onye ọkaiwu Uganda na onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ. Site na 2008 ruo 2014, Sekaggya bụ onye nta akụkọ pụrụ iche nke United Nations maka ndị na-agbachitere ikike mmadụ.

## Ndụ
A mụrụ Sekaggya na Kampala na 23 Ọktoba 1949. N'afọ 1970, ọ malitere ịmụ ihe na Mahadum Makerere na-achụso nzere bachelọ nke iwu. N'afọ 1990, o nwetara nzere masta nke iwu na Mahadum Zambia . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na gọọmentị Uganda, Zambia, na United Nations. Site na 1996 ruo 2009, ọ bụ onye isi oche nke Uganda Human Rights Commission. N'afọ 1995, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke Uganda. N'oge a, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta nke Uganda Interim Electoral Commission. O sonyekwara n'ịkwado Iwu nke anọ nke Uganda na 1995. N'ime ọtụtụ n'ime afọ 80, ọ nọ na United Nations Institute for Namibia, na-akwadebe ụlọ ọrụ Namibia maka mgbanwe na nnwere onwe. Site na 1978 ruo 1982, ọ bụ onye majie nke bi na Lusaka .  Site na 2008 ruo 2014, Sekaggya bụ onye na-ekwuchitere ihe pụrụ iche nke United Nations maka ndị na-agbachitere ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ.

## Ntụaka

# "Margaret Sekaggya Resume" (PDF). ohchr.org. eweputara 2021-05-25.
# "United Nations: Margaret Sekaggya, UN special Rapporteur on Human Rights Defenders PAS)/ protection International" www.protectioninternational.org. eweputara 2021-05-25.
# "Ndị ji ikike ugbu a". Ọfịs nke kọmishọna dị elu maka ikike mmadụ. Eweputara 9 junn 2021.
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Peter Takirambudde

**Peter Takirambudde** bụ Onye isi ochichi nke Human Rights Watch maka Sub-Saharan Africa amuru na Uganda.

Tupu osonyere Human Rights Watch na 1995, ọ bụ prọfesọ na Mahadum Botswana.   Ọ bụ ọkàiwu site na ọzụzụ, na onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Makerere na Uganda.  Takirambudde nwetara PhD na iwu azụmahịa mba ụwa na Mahadum Yale, ma kọwapụta maka mmebi iwu mmadụ n'ebe dị ka Liberia na Cabinda N'okwu gbasara esemokwu Darfur, o kwuruN'agbanyeghi ma e nwere mgbukpọ agbụrụ, oke na oke nke arụrụala na-aga n'ihu na Darfur chọrọ nzaghachi ngwa ngwa nke mba ụwa. N'iburu n'uche ọdịda na-aga n'ihu nke Sudan n'ịkụ ndị na-eme ya ikpe, Kansụl Nchebe kwesịrị ilekwasị ọnọdụ Darfur na Ụlọikpe Mpụ Mba Nile.Banyere ime ihe ike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Zambia, Takirambudde kwuruỌ bụrụ na ndị uwe ojii Zambia amaliteghị nyocha zuru oke ozugbo banyere ogbugbu nke onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ime ihe ike ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na Zambia ga-aga n'ihu. A ghaghị ikpe ziri ezi maka ndị mwakpo a metụtara ozugbo, yana maka ndị niile bi na Zambia.

## Ebe e si nweta ya

* Mahadum nke North Carolina
* Human Rights Watch
* H. W. Wilson
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Hawa Abdallah Mohammed Salih

thumb|Salih na Michelle Obama na Hillary Clinton.
**Hawa Abdallah Mohammed Salih** (Arabic) bụ onye Sudanese na-eme ihe ike. A mụrụ ya na North Darfur mana ọ hapụrụ n'ihi ọgụ dị n'etiti ndị agha gọọmentị na ndị nnupụisi Darfuri. Ọ kwagara n'ogige ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ Abu Shouk, ebe ya na ndị ọrụ United Nations na American NGO IRC rụkọtara ọrụ iji gbasaa ozi na mmata banyere ọnọdụ dị n'ogbe ahụ. N'ihi ọrụ ya, e jidere ya ugboro atọ, ma tọọrọ ya ugboro abụọ site na National Security ma jide ya, gụnyere oge na 2011 mgbe e jidere ye ọnwa abụọ ma mekpọọ ya ọnụ ma dinaa ya n'ike n'ụlọ mkpọrọ steeti dị na Khartoum. Ọ gbapụrụ Sudan n'afọ 2011.

Ọ natara onyinye 2012 International Women of Courage.

Ọ nwetara ebe mgbaba na United States. Mary Gay Scanlon, onye mechara bụrụ onye otu US House of Representatives si Pennsylvania, nọchitere anya ya.

## Ntụaka

# "Ndị inyom mba ụwa nke obi ike meriri". state.gov. ewetara site na nke izizi na 8 machii 2012.
# "Darfur Activist Hawa Abdallah Mohammed Salih obia Minnesota". Twin Cities Daily Planet. 17 machii 2012.
# "Pittsburgh salutes Hawa Salih, dike nke Darfur". Pittsburgh Post Gazette.
# "Darfuri onye na-eme ihe ngosi na Washington nwetere ihe nrite". Radio Dabanga. Wetara site na nke izizi na 5 septemba 2014.
# "Darfur refugee, advocate speaks out, shares story". Winston Salem Journal.15 Febuwari 2013.
# Olson,Laura (14 Novemba 2018). "Pennsylvania ọzọ nwere nwaanyị na nzukọ". The morning call. Wetara site na nke izizi na 18 Novemba 2018. Eweputara 16 Novemba 2018.
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Fiona Lortan

**Fiona Lortan**  bụ nwa amaala South Africa bụ osote onye nnọchi anya pụrụiche nke AU Commission Chairperson (DSRCC) maka Somalia na osote onye isi ndị ozi. Ọ weghaara ụlọ ọrụ a na Febuwari 2022.

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Fiona na South Africa. O nwetara nzere bachelọ na Literature na Mahadum Kwa-Zulu Natal dị na Durban, South Africa yana nzere Master of Philosophy na Social and Political Theory na Mahadum Cambridge, United Kingdom. 

## Ọrụ
Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na African Union Commission site na Mee 2002. O nwere ọkwa dị iche iche iji hụ na udo na nchekwa na kọntinent ahụ. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọ bụ onye na-anọchite anya onye nduzi nke Conflict Management na Ngalaba nke ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, udo na nchekwa (PAPS) ma rụọ ọrụ na AMISOM. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Khartoum, Sudan, dị ka onye otu AU High Level Panel on Implementation for Sudan and South Sudan, nke onye bụbu onye isi ala South Africa, Thabo Mbeki duziri.

Ọ bụ ugbu a osote Onye nnọchi anya pụrụ iche nke Onye isi oche nke AU Commission (DSRCC) maka Somalia na osote onye isi nke Mission.

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Nosipho Ntwanambi

**Nosipho Dorothy Ntwanambi** (25 Septemba 1959 - 8 Julaị 2014) bụ onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị South Africa, yana onye na-akwado ụmụ nwanyị na ikike mmadụ.

## Ọrụ
Ọ bụ onye otu African National Congress (ANC), Ntwanambi bụ Chief Whip nke ANC na National Council of Provinces, nwanyị mbụ ghọrọ Chief Whip, ọkwá ọ nọ na ya ruo mgbe ọ kwụsịrị na 2014. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye otu National Council of Provinces, ụlọ elu nke Nzukọ Ndị Omeiwu nke South Africa, site na 2008 ruo 2014.  Ntwanambi na-eje ozi dị ka osote onye isi oche nke African National Congress Women's League (ANCWL) n'oge ọnwụ ya. 

Ntwanambi bụ onye guzobere ma South African Democratic Teachers Union (SADTU) na United Women's Organisation (UWO).  Ọ bụkwa onye otu National Executive Committee nke ANC.

## Ọnwụ
Nosipho Ntwanambi nwụrụ n'ihi ogologo ọrịa na 8 Julaị 2014, mgbe ọ dị afọ 54.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ndị otu National Assembly nke South Africa nwụrụ n'ọchịchị

## Ntụaka

# Davis,Gaye (9 Julai 2014). "MP NosiphoNtwanambi nwuru (pegi 3)". Eyewitness News. Eweputara 31  Julai 2014.
# Davis, Gaye. "Akuko ndụ nke Ms Nosipho Dorothy Ntwanambi" (PDF). Parliament of South Africa. Eweputara 31 Julai 2014.
Nomarussia Bonase

**Nomarussia Bonase** (amụrụ n'afọ 1966) bụ onye na-ahụ maka ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na South Africa.

## Akụkọ ndụ
thumb|Nomarussia Bonase
A mụrụ Nomarussia Bonase n'afọ 1966 n'ụlọ ọgwụ Baragwanath, South Africa. Bonase bụ nwa akwụkwọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'ihe gbasara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mana o nweghị ohere ịga mahadum ya mere ọ nwetara ọrụ ma na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ ime njem na Johannesburg. N'ebe ahụ, ọ haziri ndị ọrụ ka ha bụrụ otu, na-aghọ onye isi ụlọ ahịa mbụ ha. Bonase malitere ichegbu onwe ya banyere Truth and Reconciliation Commission mgbe ọ na-emeghị ihe ike mmekọahụ. Ọ sonyeere Khulumani Support Group ma ghọọ onye nhazi mba. Ìgwè ahụ na-arụ ọrụ iji nweta nkwanye ùgwù na ụgwọ ọrụ maka ndị merụrụ ahụ na ndị lanarịrị ọchịchị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na South Africa. Bonase haziri megide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ n'ọtụtụ akụkụ site na ogbugbu Marikana ruo na enweghị ụlọ mposi dị n'obodo. N'afọ 2017, ọ meriri Anne Klein Women's prize.

## Ebe e si nweta ya

# "Ebe ọ bụla m nọ, a họpụtara m ịbụ onye ndu". Heinrich- Boll- Stifung. Heinrich Boll stiftung.
# Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "S. African activist battling for apartheid survivors pick up German award". DW.COM
# "steeti ikpe ziri ezi na mmepe na South Africa afọ 20 ka ọchịchị onye kwuo uche ya gachara"
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Jacqueline Mukansonera

thumb|Ihe ncheta dị na "Ogige nke Ezi Omume nke Ụwa", obodo Padua, Ịtali.
**Jacqueline Mukansonera** (amụrụ n'afọ 1963) bụ onye nọọsụ Rwanda. Onye agbụrụ Hutu, ọ zọpụtara nwanyị Tutsi Yolande Mukagasana ka e gbuo ya n'oge Mgbukpọ agbụrụ nke Rwanda na 1994.  Yolande gakwuuru ya maka enyemaka n'ụlọ ọgwụ ebe Jacqueline na-arụ ọrụ dị ka nọọsụ, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ndị mbụ a na-elekwasị anya na ime ihe ike ndị Hutu n'ihi na a na-ahụ ya dị ka onye otu ndị Tutsi. Jacqueline zoro ya na kichin nke ụlọ ya ruo ụbọchị iri na otu, ọ dịghị onye n'ime ụmụ nwanyị abụọ ahụ gwara ibe ha okwu n'oge ha nọrọ n'ihi egwu nchọpụta. Jacqueline mechara nye onye uwe ojii aka azụ ma nwee ike inye Yolande akwụkwọ adịgboroja nke kwuru na ọ bụ onye Hutu.

Jacqueline ka bi na Rwanda, ebe ọ bụ onye na-akwado ikike mmadụ na onye guzobere otu "Jya Mubandi Mwana" nke na-enyere ụmụaka nwere nkwarụ aka.

N'afọ 1998, Jacqueline Mukansonera na Yolande Mukagasana natara "Alexander Langer Testimonial Award" na Bolzano. E nyere onyinye ahụ na ebumnuche na Jacqueline etinyela ndụ ya n'ihe ize ndụ iji zọpụta Yolande, onye ọ na-amaghị n'oge ahụ, si otú a na-egosi na enwere ohere maka ibu ọrụ onwe onye ọbụna n'etiti ajọ ihe ike na oke oke ime ihe ike. Ebe ọ bụ na ihe kpaliri inye Yolande ihe nrite ahụ bụ mkpebi siri ike ya ịlanarị, ọ bụghị naanị maka ọdịmma nke ya, kamakwa iji hụ na ihe omume ndị a manyere ya ịta ahụhụ (dị ka ịhapụ ezinụlọ ya dum n'ime ihe ike) agaghị emeghachi.

## Akwụkwọ ndụ
Rwanda. Ihe ncheta nke mgbukpọ, Foto nke Livio Senigalliesi, mmeghe nke Daniele Scaglione, nke Impronta Grafica bipụtara, Milan, 2004

## Ntuaka

Profile of Yolande Mukagansana  onye na-azọ ọkwa nrite udo nke Nobel 2010, benerwanda.  

## Njikọ mpụga

* Jacqueline Mukansonera na ubi nke kọmitii ezi omume zuru ụwa ọnụ - Gariwo echekwara 2012-02-20 na igwe way back
* Jacqueline Mukansonera na ọrụ nnapụta ya na saịtị Alexander Langer Foundation
* Jacqueline Mukansonera n'ogige ndị ezi omume nke Padua
* "La morte non mi ha voluta" ("Ọnwụ achọghị m"), Memoir by Yolande Mukagasana Archived 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine
* Isiakwụkwọ ndị a na-ebudata n'akwụkwọ Yolande Mukagasana 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mohamed Lotfy (onye na-agbachitere ikike mmadụ)

**Mohamed Lotfy**, Onye na-agbachitere ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ, bụ onye nchoputa na onye isi nchịkwa nke Egyptian Commission for Rights and Freedoms (**ECRF**),   otu na-arụ ọrụ n'ọtụtụ steeti nke Ijipt na-agbachite ihe ndị ruere mmadụ na mba ahụ. Tupu ọ laghachi Cairo ma soro guzobe ECRF na 2013 ọ bụ onye nchọpụta gbasara ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ na Amnesty International na London .  

N'ụbọchị nke abụọ n'ọnwa Juun afọ 2015, ndị nchebe steeti Ijipt machibidoro Mohamed Lotfy iwu njem.    Onye na-agbachitere ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ kwụsịrị n'ụbọchị ahụ site n'aka ndị nchebe steeti na ọdụ ụgbọ elu mba Cairo ka ọ na-anwa ịga Berlin ikwu okwu banyere ọnọdụ nke ihe ndị ru ruuru mmadụ na Egypt na tebụl gburugburu nke Green Party kpọrọ.  A haziri tebụl gburugburu ahụ ka ọ daba na nleta onye isi ala Ijipt Abdel Fattah El-Sisi gara Germany. Nzukọ omebe iwu Europe, site n'aka onye isi nke Kọmitii Na-ahụ Maka Ihe Ndị Ruuru Mmadụ, kpọrọ ndị ọchịchị Ijipt ka ha wepụ ihe mgbochi ahụ.

Na 20 Oktoba 2016, ndị ọchịchị Egypt wakporo ụlọ ọrụ nke Egypt Commission for Rights and Freedom (ECRF) na Giza, Egypt.  

## Ntụaka

# " Egypt nwere obi ike ole na ole na-alụ ọgụ maka ikike mmadụ". Amnesty International. Jenuwari 22, 2016.
# "Washington biputere:nwaanyị katọrọ otú ndị Ijipt si eme ihe gbasara iyi egwu mmekọahụ a tụrụ mkpọrọ maka ịgbasa akụkọ ụgha". The Washington Post.
# "Ndị ụlọ ikpe Egypt mara onye na-eme ihe nkiri n'ụlọ mkpọrọ maka vidiyo iyi egwu ụgha". Reuters. Septemba 29, 2018- via www.reuters.com.
# Censorship Index na (machii 26, 2018). "#IndexAwards2018: ECRF na-akwado maka Egypt onye kwuo uche ya".
# "Akụkọ Egypt kwa ụbọchị".
# "akụkọ ikpe: Mohamed Lofty". Front line defenders oktoba 21, 2016.
# " DROI Elena valenciano na ikpe Mohamed Lofty (Egypt)/News/ European parliament".www.europarl.europ.eu. Mee 6 2015.
# Salloum, Raniah (June 2, 2015).  "Abdel Fattah el  Sisi na Berlin: Der unangenehem Gast". Der spiegel via www.spiegel.de.
# "Onye na-akwado ikike ndị Egypt kwuru na amachibidoro ịga Germany". Reuter s. June 2 2015,-via www.reuters.com.
# "Ndị otu ikike Egypt jikọtara ya na ikpe regeni na-akọ na wakporo ụlọ ọrụ ha". The Guardian. Oktoba 20, 2016.
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mohamed Zaree

**Mohamed Zaree** bụ onye Ijipt na-ahụ maka Ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ. Ọ bụ onye nduzi mba Egypt maka Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies (CIHRS)  na onye ndú nke Forum of Independent Egyptian Human Rights NGOs .  Ọ bụ onye natara onyinye Martin Ennals nke afọ 2017 maka ndị na-agbachitere ihe ndị ruuru mmadụ. Gọọmentị Ijipt ekweghị ka ọ nata onyinye ya ma gọọmentị Ijipti machibidoro ya ịhapụ mba ahụ ugbu a.  

Zaree gara Mahadum Cairo, ebe ọ nwetara nzere bachelọ na Faculty of Law na 2002 na diplọma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Civil Society na Human Rights na 2004.  Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na United Group, Nazra for Feminist Studies, na Catholic Relief Services tupu ọ banye na CIHRS na 2011.  Ọ lụrụ di ma nwee ụmụ nwanyị abụọ.

## Ntụaka

# Aboulenei Ahmed. "Onye na-eme ihe nkiri na-enye onyinye ikike nye ndị a tara ahụhụ, ndị a tụrụ mkpọrọ', ndị Ijipt". Reuters eweputara 11 Febuwari 2018.
# "Akụkọ ndụ nke Mohamed Zaree" (PDF). International Commission of Jurists. Eweputara 11 Febuwari 2018.
# "2017 Martin Ennals award maka ndị na-agbachitere ikike mmadụ na-aga Mohamed Zaree". Martin Ennals Award. Eweputara 11 Febuwari 2018.
# "Machibidoro onye na-akwado Egyptain ịnakọta ihe nrite ikike mmadụ". Middle Eye. Eweputara 2024-09-12.
# Islam, Salma. "Zute onye meriri nobel maka ikike mmadụ nke Egypt achọghị ka ị mara". PRI. Eweputara 11 Febuwari 2018. 

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ