Gille de Vlieg

**Gille de Vlieg** (amụrụ na 26 Julaị 1940) bụ onye na-ese foto na onye na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. A mụrụ ya n'England ma soro nne ya kwaga South Africa mgbe ọ dị afọ 3. N'oge ịkpa ókè agbụrụ ọ bụ onye otu Black Sash na otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị ole na ole so na ndị otu foto Afrapix. E bipụtara foto ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ, magazin na akwụkwọ na mba na mba ụwa. N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ ndị ogbo ya, de Vlieg enwetachaghị otuto ọha maka ọrụ ya ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya. Banyere ọrụ ya, ọ na-ekwu, "Achọrọ m inye onyinye maka echiche ọzọ nke South Africa, echiche a na-ahụghị na TV TV South Africa mgbe ahụ."Ihe oyiyi ya na-ekpuchi isiokwu ndị a: iwepụ ala, ndụ ime obodo.  , ụdị ndụ obodo, ụdị ndụ nwoke na nwanyị, United Democratic Front (UDF), mkpọsa mgbochi mmaja, ime ihe ike ndị uwe ojii, ngagharị iwe megide ntaramahụhụ ọnwụ, olili ozu, Black Sash, ngagharị iwe megide itinye aka na Bophuthatswana;  Hapụ Mgbasa Ozi Mandela, Mgbasa Ozi Ọgwụgwụ (ECC), ndị jụrụ akọ na uche, African National Congress (ANC) Nnabata Ụlọ Rally, Ụbọchị nke Nkwa (Geloftedag), ụmụaka n'okporo ámá, na ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi. 

## Ndụ
A mụrụ Gille de Vlieg Gillian Ruth Hemson na Plymouth, England na 1940 n'oge ndị Nazi na-atụ bọmbụ n'obodo ahụ. Mgbe ha tụfuru ụlọ ha na mwakpo bọmbụ, ya na nne ya kwagara Durban, South Africa na Febụwarị 1944. Admiralty (Royal Navy) zigara nna ya ịrụ ọrụ na ntinye radar na Simon's Town Naval Base ma mesịa na Salisbury Island, Durban.

N'afọ 1958, a zụrụ de Vlieg dị ka onye nọọsụ na Greys Hospital dị na Pietermaritzburg. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ na London wee zute di mbụ ya, Iain Paton Millar, onye nta akụkọ. Mgbe obere oge gachara Katanga Province nke DRC, ọ kwagara Johannesburg na 1963, ebe a mụrụ ụmụ ya nwanyị Ruth na Katherine. Katherine nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị ọnwa itoolu ma alụmdi na nwunye ya na Iain gbasara obere oge tupu amụọ nwa ya nwoke, Andrew. Ọ biri nwa oge na Botha's Hill na Durban ebe ọ zutere ma lụọ Rob de Vlieg, onye na-eme ụgbọ mmiri. Ha laghachiri Johannesburg iji guzobe azụmahịa ya na 1975. Ọ bụghị ruo n'afọ 1982 ka ọ sonyeere Johannesburg Black Sash dị ka onye ọrụ afọ ofufo ma n'oge na-adịghị anya, a kpọgara ya na kọmitii mpaghara ha wee ghọọ osote onyeisi oche. Ọ bụ n'oge ọgba aghara ụmụ akwụkwọ na Tembisa na 1984 ka Gille de Vlieg zutere Greg Thulare, onye na-ahazi COSAS na Tembisa. A na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ mara ya na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke UDF na ANC n'oge a. Otu n'ime ọrụ ya na Black Sash bụ iso ndị obodo ime obodo na-arụ ọrụ nke a na-eyi egwu na a ga-ewepụ ha n'ala nna ha, n'oge na-adịghịkwa anya, ọ malitere inwe mmasị na ise foto. Mgbe Paul Weinberg gwara ya ka ọ sonye na Afrapix, ọ zara, "Ọ dị mma, m ga-abịa rụọ ọrụ maka Afrapiz, mana anaghị m arụ ọrụ dị ka odeakwụkwọ, achọrọ m ịbụ onye na-ese foto. "O nwere igwefoto na oghere anya abụọ mana ọ maara obere ihe banyere foto. Paul Weinberg kụziiri ya otu esi edozi ihe nkiri ahụ na Cedric Nunn kụziiri ya otú e si ebipụta ihe. Ọ ghọtara ngwa ngwa na ya nwere ike iji foto mee mkpesa. N'ime afọ ole na ole sochirinụ, ọ nọrọ na-edekọ obodo dị iche iche na ime obodo dị ichelekana karịsịa na Transvaal. Dị ka ọ bụ iwu na-akwadoghị ka nwanyị ọcha banye n'obodo ndị isi ojii, ọ ghaara ụgha iji nweta ikike site na Kansụl Tembisa ma mesịa kwe ka ọ banye Tembisa n'okpuru ihe ngosi nke ise foto maka Anglo American. Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Tembisa, ọ zutere ndị ọzọ so na COSAS gụnyere Debra Marakalala, Sipho (Sandile) Qwabe, Tshepo Mphuti na Reuben Mahlagare. Ntụkwasị obi malitere n'etiti ha na de Vlieg. A na-ejikarị ụlọ ya dị n'ebe ugwu Johannesburg eme ihe dị ka ebe nzuzo mgbe ndị uwe ojii na-achọ ndị na-eme ihe ike COSAS. Na June 1986, e jidere de Vlieg mgbe a wakporo ụlọ ya, na mbụ n'okpuru Akụkụ 50 nke Iwu Nchebe N'ime, wee kpọga ya na John Vorster Square wee gaa n'ụlọ ndị uwe ojii Hillbrow ruo ụbọchị iri atọ na asaa. De Vlieg bi ugbu a na KwaZulu-Natal North Coast.

## Foto
Gille de Vlieg bụ onye nkwuputa ọ tupu ọ bụrụ onye na-ese foto, na-abịa na foto site na ọrụ ya na Black Sash.  Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe onyonyo ya bụ akụkụ nke ngwugwu Afrapix kwa ọnwa ezigara ndị otu Europe dị iche iche iji kwado ọgụ megide Apartheid.  Nchịkọta foto Gille de Vlieg gụnyere na ntanetị South Africa History Archive ma nwee foto dijitalụ 581 ojii na ọcha.  Ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị abụọ egosipụtara na Beyond the Barricades.  N'afọ 2014, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ onye ikpeazụ nke ihe nrite Mbokodo.

## Ihe ngosi mkpokọta

* 2012 - Rise na Fall of Apartheid: Photography and the Bureaucracy of Everyday Life - International Centre of Photography, New York City, NY
* 2012 - NUMSA
* 2011 - Foto 1950 - 2010 - Pretoria Art Museum, Pretoria
* 2009 - Mgbalị Ịkwụsị Ịga Agha (ECC) 
* 2002 - Shooting Resistance: South African Photography 1976 - 1994 - Axis Gallery Inc., New York City, NY
* 1990 - Malibongwe - Netherlands
* 1989 - Radda Barnen - Sweden
* 1987 - Iwere akụkụ na South America - TPW - Toronto Photographers Workshop, Toronto, ON
* 1985 - Foto Ndị Mmadụ - South African National GalleryEbe Ndepụta Mba South Africa

## Ihe ngosi n'otu n'otu

* 2012 - 'Widden from View: Community Carers and HIV in Rural South Africa' nke emere na Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal, nke e mepụtara na mmekorita ya na Amnesty International
* 2009 - 'Rising Up Together' na Durban Art Gallery nke mbụ na National Arts Festival na Grahamstown
* 2006 - 'Rising Up' na Constitution Hill, Johannesburg, nke onye bụbu onye ọka ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Iwu, Kate O'Regan meghere

## Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara

* Vukhani Makhozikazi (1985) 
* N'elu Mpaghara (1989) 
* Ụmụ nwanyị site na ụmụ nwanyị: 'Afọ iri ise nke foto ụmụ nwanyị na South Africa' (2006) 

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ