2019 na mgbanwe ihu igwe

Edemede a na-edekọ ihe omume a ma ama, nchọpụta nyocha, mmetụta, na nzaghachi metụtara okpomọkụ zuru ụwa onu na mgbanwe ihu igwe n'ime afọ 2019.

## Nchịkọta

* Na Nọvemba, *BioScience* bipụtara edemede ịdọ aka ná ntị na-ekwuputa "anyị na-ekwupụta, yana ihe karịrị ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị 11,000 sitere na gburugburu ụwa, n'ụzọ doro anya na n'ụzọ na-enweghị mgbagha na mbara ala Ụwa na-eche ihu na mberede ihu igwe ihu" yana na "mmụba di Ukwu nagba mbo ichekwaa biosphere anyị dị mkpa iji zere nhụjuanya na- eweghi atu n'ihi nsogbu ihu igwe".

## Ntụziaka na ọnụ ọgụgụ
center|thumb|1000x1000px| "Ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa nke mbara ala" dị ka NASA gosipụtara na 31 Disemba 2019

* National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) nke NOAA na WMO kọrọ na 2019 bụ afọ nke abụọ kacha ekpo ọkụ na ndeko ihu igwe afo 140 ya- 0.04°C (0.07°F) jụrụ oyi karịa 2016 yana U.K. Met Office nyere ya n'etiti atọ kachasị ọkụ.
* NOAA kọwakwara na okpomọkụ dị n'oké osimiri - okpomọkụ dekoro n'elu oke osimiri bụ nke kasi elu e dekọturula
* NOAA kọkwara na ma oké osimiri Antarctic na Arctic dekọtara nke abụọ kachasị nta kwa afọ nke ice mmiri n'oge 1979 na 2019 nke ndekọ.
* WMO Global Atmosphere Watch in-situ observational network gosiputara na carbon dioxide (410.5±0.2 ppm), methane (1877±2 ppb) na nitrous oxide (332.0±0.1 ppb) ruru ọkwa ọhụrụ na 2019, n'otu n'otu mejupụtara 148%, 260% na 123% nke ọkwa okwa ụlọ ọrụ.
* Oge ọkụ na Sakha (Siberia) bụ nke a na-ahụtụbeghị mbu na afọ 20 MODIS ndeko n'ihe bayere mmalite mmalite na ebe ugwu, na ụfọdụ ọkụ na-ere naanị ihe dị ka kilomita 11 site na Oké Osimiri Chukchi. [1] Site na Machị ruo Juun, ebe ọkụ ahụ gbara karịrị okpukpu 2.9 nke afọ 20. [2]
* Rhodium Group mere atụmatụ na China nyere ihe karịrị pasent iri abụọ na asaa nke ngụkọta gas na-ekpo ọkụ n'ụwa niile na 2019 (14 n'ime 52 gigatons), karịrị mputa nke mba OECD niile jikọtara ọnụ, n'agbayeghi na ọ na-eso ha na ikuku nke *onye ọ bụla*; China sochiri US (11%), India (6.6%), Europe-27 (6.4%).
* 1 Febụwarị 2022: nnyocha e bipụtara na PLOS Climate kọrọ na, na 2019, 57% nke oke osimiri zuru ụwa ọnụ dekotara oke okpomọkụ, ma e jiri ya tụnyere 2% n'oge mgbanwe mgbanwe nke abụọ, nakwa na, n'etiti afọ 1980 na afọ 2010, *ọnụọgụ* okpomọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ jiri 68.23% rịa elu. Ndị nchọpụta kwuru na "ọtụtụ akụkụ nke mpaghara subtropical na midlatitude eruola ọnọdụ okpomọkụ di nnso n'adigide adigide ".

## Ihe omume na ihe omume

## Omume na ebumnuche

### Omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, akụ na ụba, ọdịbendị
thumb| Ojiji nke okwu Google na-atụ aro ịbawanye mmata banyere nsogbu ihu igwe na nkwupụta mberede ihu igwe n'oge 2019. Ihe doro anya na-ebelata mmasị n'afọ na-esote nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19.

* N'afọ 2019, Amazon na Global Optimism kwadoro n'kwa ihu igwe nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị bịanyere aka na ya na-ekwe nkwa ikuku carbon efu site na 2040, na-akpali itinye ego na ngwaahịa na ọrụ carbon dị ala.
* Na Machị, a họpụtara onye Sweden dị afọ iri na isii bụ Greta Thunberg maka Nobel Peace Prize, na-enwetakwa nhọpụta n'afọ sochirinụ.
* Na Septemba, Thunberg kwuru okwu na 2019 UN Climate Action Summit, na-akatọ ndị isi ụwa maka enweghị Oru Na mgbanwe ihu igwe.
* Na Disemba, a nyere  Thunberg afa but TIME Person of the Year.
* Na Norway, ụgbọ ala eletrik nnwere 54% nke aja ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ maka 2019, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ obodo mbụ rerela ụgbọ ala eletriki karịa mmanụ ụgbọala, ngwakọta, na injin diesel n'ime otu afọ. Gọọmentị mere atụmatụ ịmachibido ire ụgbọala mmanụ ụgbọala na diesel n'afọ 2025.

### Nkwupụta mgbara oso mbelata

### Nkwupụta ebumnuche mmeghari

## Echiche ọha na eze na nkweye sayensị
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Omume ihe omume nke nkwekọrịta sayensị gbasara okpomọkụ zuru ụwa onu nke mmadụ kpatara n'etiti ndị ọkachamara ihu igwe (2010-2015) na-egosipụta na ọkwa nke nkwaye n'egikota na okachamara na sayensị ihu igwe. Nnyocha omume 2019 chọpụtara na nkweye sayensị dị na 100%.

* Nkwekọrịta dị n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nyocha banyere okpomọkụ zuru ụwa nke sitere n'aka mmadụ tolitere ruo 100%, dabere na nyocha nke akuko 11,602 ndị ọgbọ nyochara banyere "mgbanwe ihu igwe" na "okwu ụwa" nke e bipụtara n'ọnwa asaa mbụ nke 2019.
* Nnyocha e mere na afo 2019 gosiri na ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị mmadụ gburugburu ụwa na-eche na mgbanwe ihu igwe na-eme nakwa na ọ bụ ihe niile ma ọ bụ akụkụ ofodu gbadara na-omume mmadụ. Otú ọ dị, 17% nke ndị America gbara ajụjụ ọnụ kwenyere na "echiche nke okpomọkụ zuru ụwa onu nke mmadụ mere bụ ụgha nke e chepụtara iji ghọgbuo ndị mmadụ", naanị Saudi Arabia na Indonesia nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ndị mmadụ na-enwe obi abụọ Maka mgbanwe ihu igwe mmadụ mere.

## Amuma

* Na Jenụwarị, World Economic Forum depụtara ihe egwu original kachasị elu site na o yikariri (ihe omume ihu igwe dị egwu dị ka # 1, ọdịda nke mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe na mgbanwe dị ka # 2, mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi na ọdachi mmadụ mere dị ka # 6) ma site na *mmetụta* (ọdịda nke mbelata mgbanwe ihu igwe na mmeghari dị ka #2,  oke ihu igwe dị ka # 3, mmebi gburugburu  Na ebe abibi mmadu mere na ọdachi dị ka #9). [1]

## Akwụkwọ dị iriba ama

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*  The *Report Card* comprises specific reports including:

:: • York, A.; Bhatt, U.S.; Gargulinski, E.; Grabinski, Z.; na ndị ọzọ. (December 2020). "Ọkụ Ọhịa na High Northern Latitudes". NOAA.gov. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). doi:10.25923/2gef-3964. E debere ya na nke mbụ na 10 Disemba 2020.

## Hụ ihe niile

* Ọnọdụ ihu igwe na Akụkọ ihe mere eme
* Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke iwu mgbanwe ihu igwe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
* Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke sayensị mgbanwe ihu igwe
* ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mgbanwe ihu igwe na Akụkọ ihe mere eme 

## Edensibia

## Mpụga Njiko

* Ngalaba Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
* World Meteorological Organization (WMO)