Julie Mehretu

**Julie Mehretu** (amuru na Nọvemba 28, 1970) bu onye omenka nlere anya nke oge a nke ndi America America, mara maka ihe osise ya nwere otutu ihe osise nke odida obodo n'uzo buru ibu. Eserese ya, eserese ya na mbipụta ya na-egosipụta mmetụta nchikota nke mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị obodo mepere emepe.

Mehretu so na 100 Kasị Mma Ndị mmadụ na 2020.  N'afọ sochirinụ, *The New York Times* kọwara ya dị ka "ihe atụ a na-adịghị ahụkebe nke onye na-ese ihe nwanyị ojii nke oge a bụ onye abanyelarị n'akwụkwọ akụkọ." 

N'October 2023, Mehretu mebiri ndekọ okushon maka onye omenkà Africa na Sotheby's Hong Kong, ya na mpempe ya *Untitled* (2001), nke rere maka nde $9.32. 

Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị abụọ meberela ndepụta nke ọrụ nka 10 kachasị ọnụ ahịa nke oge a rere n'ahịa ọrịre na 2023. 

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Mehretu na Addis Ababa, Etiopia na 1970, nwa mbụ nke prọfesọ kọleji Etiopia na onye nkuzi Montessori America. Nna ya bụ onye Etiopia na nne ya bụ onye Juu onye America. Ha gbapụrụ na mba ahụ na 1977 iji gbanarị ọgba aghara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị wee kwaga East Lansing, Michigan, maka ọnọdụ nkuzi nna ya na ọdịdị akụ na ụba na Michigan State University .   : 215 

Onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na East Lansing High School, Mehretu nwetara nzere bachelọ nke Arts na kọleji Kalamazoo dị na Kalamazoo, Michigan, wee mee obere afọ mba ọzọ na Mahadum Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) na Dakar, Senegal, wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ Rhode Island nke Kere. na Providence, Rhode Island, ebe ọ nwetara nzere Master of Fine Arts na 1997.   A họpụtara ya maka mmemme CORE na Museum of Fine Arts na Houston, ebe obibi nke nyere ụlọ ọrụ studio, nkwụ ụgwọ, na ihe ngosi na ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi nka. 

## Ọrụ nka
Canvases Mehretu gbakwunyere ihe sitere na eserese teknụzụ dị iche iche nke ụlọ ime obodo yana ihe atụ kwụ ọtọ nke arụmọrụ obodo, gụnyere grids obodo na eserese ihu igwe.  Iberibe ndị ahụ enweghị echiche omimi ọ bụla na-agbanwe agbanwe, kama na-eji ọtụtụ echiche na nha anya iji wulite echiche ọhụrụ nke ndụ obodo.  Ihe osise ya yiri ihe osise ya, nke nwere ọtụtụ ọkwa na-akpụpụta ihe dị mgbagwoju anya, ihe oyiyi mmekọrịta ọha na eze n'ogo zuru ụwa ọnụ.  Eserese ndị pere mpe bụ ohere maka nyocha emere n'oge n'etiti eserese.

Na 2002, Mehretu kwuru maka ọrụ ya:
 
*Emperial Construction, Istanbul* (2004) na-egosiputa ojiji Mehretu jiri ọkwa n'ime akụkọ ihe mere eme obodo. mkpụrụedemede Arabic na ụdị ndị na-ezo aka n'edemede Arabic gbasasịrị gburugburu kwaaji.  Na *Stadia I, II*, na *III* (2004) Mehretu na-ebuga mkpa omenala nke egwuregwu ahụ site na akara na ọkwa dị larịị. *Stadia* nke ọ bụla nwere nkọwapụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke ama egwuregwu, ọkọlọtọ nke ụwa, yana ntụaka maka akara ụlọ ọrụ.  *Mogamma: Ihe osise na akụkụ anọ* (2012), mkpokọta aha maka akwa akwa anọ nke etinyere na dOCUMENTA (13), metụtara 'Al-Mogamma', aha ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị niile na Tahrir Square, Cairo nke bụ Ha abụọ dị mkpa na mgbanwe nke 2011 yana akara ngosipụta nke Egypt mgbe oge ọchịchị gachara. Okwu 'Mogamma', Otú ọ dị, pụtara 'mkpokọta' na Arabic na akụkọ ihe mere eme, e ji na-ezo aka ebe na-ekere òkè a alakụba, a synagogue na a chọọchị na bụ ebe nke multi okwukwe.  Ọrụ na-esote, *The Round City, Hatshepsut* (2013) nwere akara ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke Baghdad, Iraq n'onwe ya - aha ya na-ezo aka na aha akụkọ ihe mere eme nke e nyere obodo na map oge ochie. Ihe osise ọzọ, *Insile* (2013) wuru site na foto nke Obí Ndị kwere ekwe n'etiti ụlọ ndị nkịtị, na-eme ka elu ya rụọ ọrụ na mmegharị ink na-ese ihe, na-eme ka ọ dị nro ma na-ewepụ mkpọmkpọ ebe dị n'okpuru. 
N'afọ 2007, ụlọ akụ itinye ego na Goldman Sachs nyere Mehretu ọrụ nde $5 maka ụlọ ime ụlọ. Ọrụ *Mural* si na ya pụta dị ka ogige tenis ma nwee maapụ ego kpuchiri ekpuchi, eserese ihe owuwu ụlọ ọrụ ego, na nrụtụ aka na ọrụ ndị nka ndị ọzọ. Calvin Tomkins nke *New Yorker* kpọrọ ya "eserese kacha nwee oke ọchịchọ m hụtụrụla n'ime afọ iri na abụọ",  na onye nkọwa ọzọ kọwara ya dị ka "otu n'ime ọrụ nka ọha kachasị na nke na-aga nke ọma n'oge na-adịbeghị anya". 

Ọ bụ ezie na a maara nke ọma maka eserese ihe osise buru ibu, Mehretu anwalela mbipụta kemgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Rhode Island School of Design, bụ ebe e debanyere ya na mmemme eserese na mbipụta n'etiti 1990s. Nchọgharị ya nke ibi akwụkwọ malitere site na etching. Ọ rụchaa ọrụ nkwado na ụlọ ọrụ ibipụta ọkachamara n'ofe America, n'etiti ha Highpoint Editions na Minneapolis, Crown Point Press na San Francisco, Gemini GEL na Los Angeles, na Derrière L'Etoile Studios na Burnet Editions na New York City. 

Mehretu bụ onye bi na mmemme CORE, Glassell School of Art, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (1997–98) na Mmemme Artist-in-Residence na Studio Museum na Harlem (2001).  N'oge obibi na Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, na 2003, ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ụmụ agbọghọ iri atọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị si East Africa. N'oge opupu ihe ubi nke 2007 ọ bụ Guna S. Mundheim Visual Arts Fellow na American Academy na Berlin .  Mgbe afọ ahụ gasịrị, o duuru mmemme obibi obibi otu ọnwa yana ụmụ akwụkwọ nka 40 sitere na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị ọhaneze Detroit. 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Mehretu na studio ya
N'oge obibi ya na Berlin, e nyere Mehretu ikike ịmepụta ihe osise asaa nke Deutsche Guggenheim ; akpọrọ *Mpaghara Grey* (2008–2009), usoro a na-enyocha odida obodo Berlin dị ka saịtị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọgbọ na mbibi.  : 221 Ihe osise *Vanescere* (2007), ihe mejupụtara oji na-acha ọcha nke na-egosi ihe yiri ka ọ bụ nnukwu ink na akara acrylic, nke ụfọdụ n'ime ha na-awụpụ n'elu nkwado linen ahụ, kpalitere usoro nhazi nke mwepu n'ime ya. Usoro *Grey Area* . Akụkụ nke *Mpekere* (2008–09) na *Middle Grey* (2007–09) na-egosipụta usoro mkpochapụ a. Ọzọ n'usoro nke e sere na Berlin, *Berliner Plätze* (2008-09), na-ejide ọnụnọ nke ihe nkọwapụta nke ụlọ German nke narị afọ nke iri na itoolu nke na-ese n'elu dị ka oke translucent na etiti.  Ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ Sue Scott nwere nke a ikwu banyere usoro *Gray Area* : "N'ime somber ndị a, eserese ụda ụda dị mfe, ọtụtụ n'ime ha dabeere na facade nke ọmarịcha ụlọ narị afọ nke iri na itoolu e bibiri n'Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, mmadụ na-aghọta nke ụlọ. ka ọ na-apụ n'anya, dị ka akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo ọ na-egosi."  : 221 Dị ka Mehretu na-akọwa na *Ocula* Magazine, "Echiche dum nke ọganihu nke narị afọ nke 20 na echiche nke ọdịnihu na nke oge a emebiwo, n'ụzọ ụfọdụ. Ihe a nile bụ ihe na-eme ka m mara otú m na-agbalị iche echiche banyere ohere." 

## Ahịa nka
E rere ihe osise Mehretu *Untitled 1* (2001) maka nde $1.02 na Sotheby's na Septemba 2010.  Ọnụ ahịa ya bụ $600-$800,000.  Na Art Basel na 2014, White Cube rere Mehretu's *Mumbo Jumbo* (2008) maka $5 nde.  Na 2023, Michael Ovitz rere Mehretu's *Walkers With the Dawn and Morning* (2008) maka nde $10.7, na-esetịpụ ndekọ ọhụrụ maka onye na-ese ihe n'onwe ya na onye ọ bụla na-ese ihe a mụrụ n'Africa. 

N'afọ 2005, ọrụ Mehretu bụ ihe *Lehmann v. The Project Worldwide* case n'ihu Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu nke New York, ikpe mbụ nke onye nchịkọta wetara banyere ikike ha iji nweta ohere mbụ na nkà nke oge a.  Okwu ahụ metụtara okwu gbasara iwu gbasara ọrụ ya na ikike nke nkwekọrịta ọjụjụ mbụ n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ ya na onye nchịkọta.  Na nkwụghachi maka mbinye $75,000 site n'aka onye na-anakọta Jean-Pierre Lehmann na Project Gallery, nke emere na February 2001, ihe ngosi ahụ bụ inye Lehmann ikike nke mbụ ịjụ ọrụ ọ bụla nke onye na-ese ihe ngosi ahụ nọchiri anya ya, yana na pasent 30. mbelata ruo mgbe akwụghachi ego ahụ. Lehmann hụrụ mbinye ego a ka ịnweta ọrụ Mehretu ozugbo, agbanyeghị, e nwere mmadụ anọ ndị ọzọ nyekwara ikike nke nhọrọ mbụ site na ndị na-ese ihe ngosi nka.  Ụlọ ngosi ahụ rere ọrụ 40 nke Mehretu n'oge nkwekọrịta ahụ, na-enye ụfọdụ maka mbelata ihe ruru pasenti 40.  Lehmann hụrụ na e rerela ọtụtụ iberibe Mehretu dị na katalọgụ nke Walker Art Center nye onye nchịkọta Jeanne Greenberg Rohatyn, wee chee na edebeghị nkwekọrịta ahụ.  O mechara dee Haye na-achọ $17,500, na, mgbe enyeghị mpempe akwụkwọ Mehretu, ọ gbara akwụkwọ.  Ikpe ahụ, nke Lehmann mechara merie, kpugheere ọha na eze kpọmkwem ihe ọnụ ahịa na ụlọ ahịa ego na-enye ndị nchịkọta dị iche iche na eserese nke Mehretu na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe n'oge a - ozi nke ụwa nka na-ezochikarị ya. 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Mehretu bi n'ụlọ nwere okpukpu abụọ na Harlem.  Ọ lụrụ onye na-ese ihe Jessica Rankin na 2008, onye ya na ya nwere ụmụ nwoke abụọ, Cade Elias (amụrụ 2005) na Haile (amụrụ 2011);  nne di ya bụ onye edemede na onye na-ede uri Lily Brett .  Di na nwunye ahụ kewapụrụ na 2014.  

Mehretu na-edobe studio na Chelsea n'akụkụ ebe ngosi nka Whitney nke American Art .   Na 2004, o mebere - ya na Lawrence Chua na Paul Pfeiffer - Denniston Hill, ebe obibi nka na ogige 200-acre na Sullivan County, New York .  Ọ rụkwara ọrụ site na ụlọ ọrụ aka ochie na Berlin na 2007  na St Thomas the Apostle Church nke dị na Harlem site na 2016 ruo 2017. 

## Ntụaka
 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị nke ya gallery carlier | gebauer gụnyere CV na ọrụ
* Julie Mehretu na Highpoint Center for Printmaking, Minneapolis
* Julie Mehretu na Walker Art Center, Minneapolis
* Julie Mehretu gbara ajụjụ ọnụ maka ngafe ndị Etiopia
* Edemede 2010 gụnyere onyonyo nke ''enweghị aha 1''
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations