Kyle Baker

**Kyle John Baker**  (amụrụ n'afọ 1965)  bụ onye America na-ese ihe nkiri, onye na-ede akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị, na onye na-eme ihe nkiri nke a maara maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na maka mweghachi nke usoro Plastic Man na 2000.

Baker enwetala ọtụtụ Eisner Awards na Harvey Awards maka ọrụ ya n'ọhịa na-atọ ọchị.

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Mbido ndụ na ọrụ
A mụrụ Kyle Baker na Queens, New York City,  nwa nke Onye nduzi nka John M. Baker na onye njikwa ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Eleanor L. Baker. "Weddings: Elizabeth Glass and Kyle Baker". *[[The New York Times]]*. July 19, 1998. Archived from the original on December 25, 2013. O nwere nwanne nwoke na nwanne nwanyị.[1] Nne na nna ha abụọ gara Pratt Institute na Brooklyn, New York, na nna ha, onye, Baker kwuru, "na-arụ ọrụ na mgbasa ozi  mee akwụkwọ ozi mkpofu", ga- "na-ese foto maka anyị ma mee anyị obi ụtọ". [1] Ewezuga ngosipụta a na nka, Baker kwuru na mmetụta mbụ ya gụnyere onye na-ese akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị Jack Kirby, onye na-eme ihe nkiri Jack Davis, na onye na-ede ihe osise na magazin Norman Rockwell.[and] O kwuru, sị:
 
Mmetụta ndị ọzọ gụnyere ihe osise Charlton Comics nke Jim Aparo na Steve Ditko.

### Ịgbapụ n'ime ihe ọchị
N'afọ ikpeazụ ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Baker ghọrọ onye na-arụ ọrụ na Marvel Comics, na-eme fotocopies ma na-etinye akwụkwọ ozi ndị na-akwado ya. "M dara na Marvel n'ihi na amaara m onye nọ ebe ahụ, "ka o kwuru. "Ma echere m mgbe niile na m ga-eme ihe ọchị" karịa ihe ọchị. Ọ ghọrọ onye na-enyere Josef Rubinstein aka, ma mesịa nyere Vince Colletta na Andy Mushynski aka.[1] O kwuru na ndị na-ese ihe nkiri Marvel Walt Simonson, Al Milgrom na Larry Hama na onye edemede na onye isi nchịkọta akụkọ Jim Shooter na-enye ya ndụmọdụ nka na ịkọ akụkọ. Akụkụ nke ọrụ ya gụnyere fotocopiing, ọ ga-eburu akwụkwọ John Buscema penciling home ebe ọ ga-eme inking.[3] Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ maka Marvel, Baker gara School of Visual Arts, na Manhattan, na-amụ Ihe osise na obibi akwụkwọ, mana ọ kwụsịrị mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị. Site na njikọ ahụ, Otú ọ dị, ọ malitere iso onye na-ese ihe nkiri Milton Glaser, onye nkuzi SVA, na-enyere ya aka n'ọtụtụ Akwụkwọ ụmụaka.[4]

Ọrụ mbụ Baker na Marvel bụ idepụta ọkara peeji "Kid Commandos" na The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe #13 (February1984).  Mgbe o nwesịrị ọrụ inking na mbipụta nke Transformers, The Avengers Annual # 14 (1985) na ebe ndị ọzọ, Baker mere akụkọ-ihe osise mbụ ya dị ka onye edemede na onye na-ede akwụkwọ nke onye na-ebipụta Lodestone Comics' Codename: Danger #2 (Ọktoba 1985), na akụkọ dị peeji 23 nke Brian Marshall, Mike Harris, na Robert Loren Fleming dere. Ihe odide mkpuchi na ink ndị ọzọ dị n'ime maka Marvel na mgbe ụfọdụ DC sochiri. Akụkọ mbụ ya maka otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ abụọ na-eme ihe ọchị bụ Howard the Duck: The Movie (December 1986 - February 1987), na-eme ka ihe nkiri 1986 Howard the Ducks, nke o ji onwe ya mee.[1]
N'oge a, Baker nwara ire ihe osise na-atọ ọchị, mana nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ akwụkwọ akụkọ jụrụ ya. Jim Salicrup, onye nchịkọta akụkọ Marvel, nyere ya ọrụ "ide ihe ole na ole gbasara [ndị otu dike] Ndị X-Men",  nke akpọrọ "It's Genetic" ma gosipụta na magazin ndị na-akwado Marvel nke Marvel mepụtara. 

### Akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ na-ese onyinyo
Site na aro nke onye na-ese ihe n'efu Ron Fontes, onye nchịkọta akụkọ na Dolphin imprint nke ụlọ mbipụta Doubleday gosipụtara mmasị na ihe atụ Baker nke onye Cowboy Wally."ma jụọ ma enwere m ihe ọzọ. Aghaara m ụgha wee sị m mere. "  Nke a dugara na akwụkwọ akụkọ ihe mere eme dị peeji 128 *Cowboy Wally* .  "Ọdịdị Noel dabeere na m", ka Baker kwuru na 1999. "M na-agha ụgha oge niile. [1] Akụkụ mbụ nke akwụkwọ ndị ahụ bụ mpempe akwụkwọ ndị a chịkọtara, e dekwara isi atọ ndị ọzọ maka akwụkwọ ahụ.  "Ọ rere ọtụtụ mbipụta, "Baker kwuru, "ma ọ dịkarịa ala o mere ka DC [Comics] kwenye na a ga-ekwe ka m see, ọ bụghị naanị ink. English-language version of interview from Italian web magazine *Rorscharch*. "

Baker gara n'ihu na-ese DC's 1980s comics revival nke onye dike Akụkọ ifo The Shadow, malite na The Shadow Annual #2 (1988), soro usoro kwa ọnwa site na mbipụta # 7 ruo mbipụta ikpeazụ, # 19 (February 1988 - January 1989). O mere ọrụ DC ndị ọzọ gụnyere Justice, Inc. N'afọ 1990, Baker na onye edemede Len Wein mepụtara mbipụta atọ nke *Dick Tracy* maka The Walt Disney Company's Hollywood Comics, mbipụta abụọ mbụ nwere akụkọ mbụ, nke atọ bụ ihe nkiri *Dick Tracy* nke 1990.

Ọ malitere ide ihe na-atọ ọchị n'oge a: Baker dere penciled na ink First Comics' Classics Illustrated #3 & 21 (February 1990 & March 1991), na-agbanwe, n'otu n'otu, Through the Looking Glass na *Cyrano nke Bergerac*. Mgbe Peter David dere nke ikpeazụ, Baker n'onwe ya dere mgbanwe nke ọrụ Lewis Carroll.  "Ọ dịtụbeghị mgbe m mere atụmatụ ịghọ onye edemede", ka Baker kwuru na 1999. "M dere obere gags, dị ka ụdị ị na-ahụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ na Cowboy Wally, mana ọ bụghị akụkọ. Naanị ihe m mụtara ide akụkọ n'ihi na ndị mmadụ nọgidere na-akwụ m ụgwọ ide ha. N'afọ 1991-1994, pasent 90 nke ego m nwetara sitere na ide, enwetakwara m onyinye ole na ole iji see. Echere m na m ka m m m m ga-amụta ide. "

### ''Ihe mere m ji kpọọ Saturn asị'', ihe osise azụmahịa

Baker nwetara nkwado ma merie Eisner akara maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ya nke 1990 Why I Hate Saturn, nke DC Comics imprint Piranha Press bipụtara. Baker kwuru na 1999 banyere ọrụ ya dị egwu:
 
Ihe osise na ihe osise Baker malitere ịpụta na BusinessWeek, Details, Entertainment Weekly, ESPN, Esquire, Guitar World, Mad, National Lampoon, New York, The New York Times, Rolling Stone, Spin, Us, Vibe, na The Village Voice. Ọ nọrọ afọ atọ na-ese onyinyo kwa izu "Bad Publicity" maka magazin New York."Kyle Baker". Lambiek Comiclopedia. 2010. Archived from the original on June 12, 2010.

### Ihe nkiri
Baker's animation has appeared on BET and MTV, and in animated *Looney Tunes* projects, including the animated feature *Looney Tunes: Back in Action*.&#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup> Baker was "guest art director" for Cartoon Network's ''Class of 3000'', and storyboarded the ''Class of 3000'' Christmas special.

na 1994, Baker duziri vidiyo na-eme ihe nkiri nke gosipụtara onye na-agụ egwu [[Hip hop music|hip hop]] KRS-One, nke a na-akpọ "Break The Chain".   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D; Marvel Comics bipụtara Break the Chain dị ka akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị nke nwere kaseti hip-hop na-agụ. N'otu afọ ahụ na nke na-esote, o nyere aka na mbipụta anọ nke Dark Horse Comics humor anthology Instant Piano (December 1994 - June 1995), gụnyere ise mkpuchi nke mbụ. Maka akwụkwọ akụkọ ọzọ, DC's *Elseworlds 80-Page Giant* #1 (August 1999), Baker sere, na-agba, na-ede akwụkwọ ozi ma soro nwunye ya, onye nkuzi Elizabeth Glass, onye ọ lụrụ na July 18, 1998,  dere akụkọ 10 nke eluigwe na ala "Letitia Lerner, Superman's Babysitter"."Weddings: Elizabeth Glass and Kyle Baker". *[[The New York Times]]*. July 19, 1998. Archived from the original on December 25, 2013. Ọ ga-emeri "Best Short Story" Eisner Award n'agbanyeghị na DC na-ebibi akwụkwọ niile e bu n'obi maka ahịa North America mgbe o lere ụfọdụ n'ime ọdịnaya ahụ anya dị ka ndị na-ekwesịghị ekwesị, ọ bụ ezie na a ka na-ekesa akwụkwọ na Europe.

A na-eto ya maka ide na ịkọ akụkọ na ihe omume telivishọn "Phineas na Ferb" "Candace Loses Her Head" na "Are You My Mummy?".   &#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

=== Afọ 2000 ===
Baker dọtara onye edemede [[Robert Morales]] 'Marvel Comics miniseries Truth #1-7 (January-July 2003), akụkọ Captain America nke yiri nke nnwale Tuskegee. O dekwara ma dọrọ ihe niile ma e wezụga mbipụta abụọ (# 7 na #12) nke usoro ihe omume na-atọ ọchị nke 20 Plastic Man vol. 4 (February 2004 - March 2006), na-eme ihe nkiri Golden Age of Comic Books nke Jack Cole mepụtara maka Quality Comics. Baker nyere aka na usoro Dark Horse Comics The Amazing Adventures of the Escapist, nke sitere na akwụkwọ akụkọ Michael Chabon, The Amazing Adventuras of Kavalier & Clay . 

N'afọ 2006, ụlọ ọrụ ya, Kyle Baker Publishing, wepụtara usoro akwụkwọ na-atọ ọchị nke nwere akụkụ anọ banyere Nat Turner, ma bipụta usoro The Bakers, dabere na ndụ ezinụlọ ya, n'akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ, Cartoonist na Cartoonist Vol. ''Onye na-ese ihe nkiri Vol. ''2: Ugbu a na ndị ọzọ na-eme achịcha. Ọ gara n'ihu na-enye ihe na-atọ ọchị mgbe ụfọdụ na Marvel, DC na Image Comics site na ọ dịkarịa ala afọ 2010. N'afọ 2007 na 2008, Image Comics bipụtara mbipụta isii nke Baker's Image Comics miniseries Special Forces, ihe ọchị ndị agha na-eto eto nke na-akatọ agbamume nke ndị omempụ na ndị nwere nkwarụ America ịbanye n'ọrụ agha. [1] ''The New York Times'' nyochara nchịkọta akwụkwọ mpịakọta ahịa nke 2009 nke mbipụta anọ mbụ, na-akpọ ya "ihe kachasị njọ, nke kachasị njọ nke Agha Iraq ka e bipụtara". 

N'afọ 2008, Watson-Guptill bipụtara How to Draw Stupid and Other Essentials of Cartooning, akwụkwọ ntụziaka nka nke Baker. N'otu afọ ahụ, Baker kwadoro Harvey Awards nke ụlọ ọrụ na-eme ihe ọchị.  N'afọ 2010, ọ ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe mgbe niile na usoro MAX-imprint nke Marvel Comics, ''Deadpool Max''.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

## Akwụkwọ

### Ọrụ mbụ

* ** #2: "Site na Ụlọ Nzukọ nke Montezuma ..." (a, ya na Robert Loren Fleming, Mike Harris na Brian Marshall, Lodestone, 1985) 
* The Cowboy Wally Show (w/a, akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese, peeji 128, Doubleday, 1988,  )  
* Asylum #2: "Death Disenchanted" (a, na Fred Schiller, New Comics Group, 1989) 
* *Dick Tracy* #1-3 (a, ya na John Francis Moore na Len Wein, Walt Disney Company, 1990) 
* Classics Illustrated (Berkley Publishing):
** Lewis Carroll: Site na Looking-Glass (w/a, na #3, tpb, peeji 48, 1990, ISBN ) 
** *Edmond Rostand: Cyrano De Bergerac* (a, na Peter David, na #21, tpb, peeji 48, 1991, ISBN ) 

### Ihe nkiri DC

* *The Shadow* #8-19, *Annual* #2 (a, with Andrew Helfer, 1988–1989)
* *Action Comics* #610: "Phantom Stranger: Kenny and the Demon!" (a, with Paul Kupperberg, 1988)
* *Justice, Inc.* #1-2 (a, with Andrew Helfer, 1989)
* *Why I Hate Saturn* (w/a, graphic novel, 200 pages, Piranha Press, 1990,  )
* *Justice League America* #50: "Ktrrogarrx!" (w/a, 1991)
* *[[Fast Forward (comics)|Fast Forward]]* #2: "Lester Fenton & the Walking Dead" (w/a, Piranha Press, 1992)
* *Elseworlds 80 Page Giant*: "Letitia Lerner, Superman's Babysitter" (w/a, with Liz Glass, 1999)
* *Batman: Gotham Knights* #11: "Snow Job!" (a, with Bob Kanigher, 2001)
* *Just Imagine Stan Lee with John Buscema Creating Superman*: "On the Street" (a, with Stan Lee and Michael Uslan, co-feature, 2001) collected in *Just Imagine Stan Lee Creating the DC Universe Volume 1* (tpb, 216 pages, 2002,  )
* *9-11 Volume 2* (graphic novel, 224 pages, 2002,  ):
** "Still Life" (a, with Ed Brubaker)
** "The Call" (a, with Eddie Berganza)
** "What We Learned Today" (a, with Eddie Berganza)
* *Plastic Man* vol. 4, #1-6, 8-11, 13-20 (2004-2006) (w/a)
* *The Spirit*: #7 (2007); vol. 2, #2 (2010)
** "N.I.M.B.Y" (a, with Harlan Ellison)
* *Countdown* #23: "The Origin of Mr. Mxyzptlk" (a, with Scott Beatty, co-feature, 2007)
* *Wednesday Comics* #1-12: "Hawkman" (w/a, 2009)
* *MAD*: "The All-Time Pantheon of Oddball Music Fans" (a, with Mike Snider, in #343, 1996)
* *MAD*: "Joey Buttafuoco's Guide to Chivalry" (a, with C. J. Burke, in #356, 1997)
* *Gen: Carny Folk*: "Sideshow on the Edge of Forever" (a, with John Arcudi, one-shot, Wildstorm, 2000)
* *ABC Special*: "Spectors from Projectors" (a, with Alan Moore, 2001)
* *Tom Strong* #13: "The Family Strong and the Tower at Time's End!" (a, with Alan Moore, Chris Sprouse, Russ Heath Jr. and Peter Poplaski, 2001)

### Kyle Baker Publishing

* *[[The New Baker]]*: "The Cartoon Issue" (w/a, one-shot, 2003)
* *[[The Bakers|The Bakers: Do These Toys Belong Somewhere?]]* (hc, 96 pages, 2006, ) collects:
** *Cartoonist* (w/a):
*** *Volume 1* (tpb, 128 pages, 2004, )
*** *Volume 2: Now with More Bakers* (tpb, 128 pages, 2005, )
** *The Bakers* (w/a, one-shot, 2005)
* *[[Nat Turner (comics)|Nat Turner]]* #1-4 (w/a, 2005)

## Onyinye

* Eisner Award, Onye edemede / onye na-ese ihe kacha mma: Humor:
** 1999 - Kyle Baker, You Are Here (DC Comics/Vertigo) 
** 2000 - Kyle Baker, I Die at Midnight (DC/Vertigo); "Letitia Lerner, Superman's Babysitter" na *Elseworlds 80-Page Giant* #1 (DC) 
** 2004 - Kyle Baker, Plastic Man (DC); The New Baker (Kyle Baker Publishing) 
** 2005 - Kyle Baker, Plastic Man (DC); Kyle Baker, Cartoonist (Kyle Baker Publishing) 
** 2006 - Kyle Baker, Plastic Man (DC); The Bakers (Kyle Baker Publishing) 
* Ihe nrite Eisner, Akụkọ Dị Mkpirikpi Kasị Mma:
** 2000 - "Letitia Lerner, Superman's Babysitter" nke Kyle Baker dere na Elseworlds 80-Page Giant (DC) 
* Ihe nrite Eisner, Best New Series:
** 2004 - Plastic Man, nke Kyle Baker (DC) 
* Eisner Award, Best Title for Younger Readers / Best Comics Publication for a Younger Audience:
** 2005 - Plastic Man, nke Kyle Baker na Scott Morse (DC) 
* Harvey Award, Best Graphic Album of Original Work:
** 1991 - *Ihe mere m ji kpọọ Saturn asị* site na Kyle Baker (Piranha Press) 
** 1999 - You Are Here nke Kyle Baker (Paradox Press) 
** 2014 - The Fifth Beatle: The Brian Epstein Story, ya na Vivek Tiwary & Andrew C. Robinson (Dark Horse) 
* Harvey Award, Best New Series:
** 2005 - Plastic Man, nke Kyle Baker (DC) 
* Onyinye Harvey, Onyinye Pụrụ Iche maka Ịkpa Egwu:
** 2005 - Plastic Man, nke Kyle Baker (DC) 
** 2006 - Plastic Man, nke Kyle Baker (DC) 
* Harvey Award, Best Graphic Album nke Ọrụ E bipụtara na mbụ
** 2009 - *Nat Turner* (Abram Books) 
* 2006 Glyph Comics AwardsIhe nrite Glyph Comics
** Akụkọ nke Afọ - Nat Turner, Kyle B*Nat Turner* edemede na onye na-ese ihe
** Onye na-ese ihe kacha mma: Kyle Baker, *Nat Turner*
** Akpụkpọ ahụ kacha mma: Nat Turner #1, Kyle Baker, onye na-ese ihe osise
* 2007 Glyph Comics Awards
** Onye na-ese ihe kacha mma: Kyle Baker, The Bakers*Ndị na-eme achịcha*
* 2008 Glyph Comics Awards
** Onye na-ese ihe kacha mma: Kyle Baker, Nat Turner: Revolution*Nat Turner: Mgbanwe*

## Edensibia
 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations