Maurice van Essche

**Maurice van Essche** (4 Ọktoba 1906, Antwerp, Belgium – 12 June 1977, Thonon, France ) bụ onye South Africa na-ese ihe na onye nkuzi nka nke nwetara nnabata mba na mba n'oge ndụ ya.

## Ndụ
A mụrụ Maurice van Essche na 1906, na Antwerp, Belgium, nke asaa n'ime ụmụaka iri na otu, nke nanị asatọ n'ime ha lanarịrị nwata. Ezinụlọ ahụ na-asụ French n'agbanyeghị mgbọrọgwụ Flemish ya; Aha nwa agbọghọ nne ya bụ De Ridder. Ọ gụrụ nkà na Brussels Academy na 1924 n'okpuru James Ensor, ma kwụsịtụrụ ọmụmụ ya na 1925 maka enweghị ego, na-arụ ọrụ mbụ na ụlọ ihe nkiri enyo enyo, wee na-emepụta akwụkwọ ahụaja - ahụmahụ abụọ ahụ na-egosipụta nke ọma n'ọtụtụ ọrụ ya. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto na-akwụghị ụgwọ, mana ọ na-ese ihe mgbe niile. Na 1933 ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nwa oge n'okpuru Henri Matisse na France (lee Anecdotes ), ebe ọ zutere ya na mberede na ụlọ ahịa ihe na-enye ihe nkiri na Cagnes, France. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ gara n'ihu na-ese ihe na ọmụmụ ihe oge nile n'ihi nkwado nke nwanne ya nwoke nke okenye, Joseph Charles, na otu ndị enyi.

Oge ezumike ya bịara na July 1939 mgbe ọ meriri akwụkwọ mmụta na asọmpi nke Gọọmenti Belgian haziri, bụ onye nyere ya ọrụ ka ọ gaa njem eserese na Belgian Congo . Njem ya na ahụmahụ ya n'ebe ahụ nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ya, na ọhụụ na mmetụta nke oge ahụ gosipụtara site n'ọrụ ya ruo oge ndụ ya niile. Na 1940 nwunye ya Lucette (née Josz, onye na-eme Katọlik mana nke Hungarian Ashkenazy sitere n'akụkụ nna ya, 1908–1997) na nwa ya nwoke Ludovic (1935–2020) gbapụrụ na German na Belgium wee sonyere ya na Kongo. Lucette enweghị ike ịnagide ọnọdụ okpomọkụ wee kwaga n'ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị nro nke South Africa Cape kama ịlaghachi na Europe nke agha tisasịrị.

Oge mbụ na South Africa siri ike, mgbe ụfọdụ kwa, van Essche na-ere ihe osise na eserese maka nri na ihe ndị ọzọ dị mkpa. Ma n'oge na-adịghị anya, ọ ghọrọ onye a ma ama na mpaghara nka South Africa, na-egosipụtakwa na mpaghara na mgbe e mesịrị na Europe. Dịka onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na The New Group, o nyere aka n'ike n'ike na nka nke oge a na South Africa. O nwere ihe ọmụma siri ike nke ma usoro nkà nke oge a na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe osise Europe nke o nyere n'ọrụ ya dị ka onye nkụzi, ọrụ ọ weere dị ka ihe dị mkpa dị ka ịmepụta. Ọ kuziri na  Technical Art School site na 1943 ruo 1945. Na 1948 ọ tọrọ ntọala Continental School of Art na Cape Town, hapụrụ na 1951 ka ọ bụrụ onye nkuzi na Michaelis School of Fine Art na Mahadum Cape Town . A họpụtara ya Prọfesọ nke Fine Art na 1962 (lee Anecdotes ) na ọganihu ya dị ka onye nkụzi na-egosi na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ụmụ akwụkwọ mbụ ya bụ ndị ghọrọ ndị a ma ama n'onwe ha.

Van Essche lara ezumike nká na agụmakwụkwọ na 1971, mana ọ gara n'ihu na-ese ihe nke ọma, n'agbanyeghị ahụike adịghị mma, gụnyere ọtụtụ nkụchi obi. Ọ gara na Europe ma mesịa biri na nso Thonon, France, n'ihi arịrịọ nwunye ya. Ahụ ike ya gara n'ihu na-akawanye njọ, ọ nweghịkwa ike ịga njem iji gaa ihe ngosi nlegharị anya nke ya na Cape Town na 1974. Ọ tụfuru Africa nke ukwuu, na-ese ihe nkiri Africa ka ọ na-achọ n'efu maka mkpali obodo. Isiokwu ọhụrụ ya gụnyere hippies na ndị na-egwu egwu, mana o mebiri ọtụtụ ọrụ a. Okirikiri ala Europe ya site n'oge a bụ ọchịchịrị na nkụda mmụọ, n'ụzọ dị nnọọ iche na ihe nkiri Africa na-adọrọ adọrọ nke na-asọpụta na agbanyeghị. Mmanụ ya gara n'ihu na-ere nke ọma na South Africa, aha ya na-eto eto. Ọ dabara na nkụchi obi na June 1977 mgbe ọdịda dara na nlekọta ahụike adịghị mma.

## Nchịkọta oge

* 1906 Amụrụ na Antwerp, Belgium
* 1911 Ezinụlọ kwagara Brussels; gụrụ akwụkwọ ebe ahụ
* 1925 kwụsịrị ọmụmụ ya iji kpata ihe eji ebi ndụ na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ ihe nkiri enyo nwere ntụpọ
* 1930 ghọrọ onye otu 'La Jeune Peinture Belge'; meriri ihe nrite ọlaọcha na ihe ngosi International, Antwerp
* 1933 lụrụ Lucie Josz; gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru Matisse na South France; otu na ihe ngosi otu nwoke na Paris na Belgian center
* 1939 Gọọmenti kwadoro njem eserese na Belgian Congo
* 1940 kwagara South Africa; nọrọ nwa oge na Cape Town; malitere ngosi na South Africa
* 1943 ruo 1945 Akuziri nkuzi na Wits Tech Art School, onye otu New Group
* 1946 tọrọ ntọala Continental School of Art, Cape Town
* 1948–65 Na-anọchi anya South Africa mgbe niile na ihe ngosi nka mba ụwa
* 1948 Foundation onye otu International Art Club; gosiputara ya na ndi otu ibe ya na Turin, emesia hoputara onye isi oche
* 1951 Enyere aha Chevalier de Leopold II site n'aka Eze Baudouin nke Belgium
* 1952 Onye nkuzi ahọpụtara na Fine Art, Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Michaelis, Cape Town; aha na South Africa toro nke ukwuu; nọgidere na-egosipụta na etiti oge na Europe
* 1962 họpụtara Prọfesọ nke Fine Art, Michaelis School, Mahadum Cape Town
* 1966 nyere onyinye nkwanye ugwu maka eserese nke South Africa Akademie
* 1967 Isiokwu nke akwụkwọ monograph 'Van Essche', nke Carl Büchner, onye bụbu nwa akwụkwọ.
* 1970 lara ezumike nka na Michaelis School.
* 1971 gawara Europe; biri na Thonon-les-Bains, France.
* 1972 Enyere aha Officer of Order of Leopold II site n'aka Eze Baudouin nke Belgium.
* 1974 Enweghị ike ịga ihe ngosi Prestige Retrospective nke ọrụ ya, South African National Art Gallery na Pretoria Art Museum.
* 1977 nwụrụ na June 12, Thonon, France.

## Ihe ngosi

* 1927 Ihe ngosi mbụ nke otu nwoke, Brussels.
* 1930 na 1935 La Jeune Peinture Belge, Brussels na Paris.
* 1937 Ghent Salon.
* 1939 Ihe ngosi nka nke otu nwoke, Elizabethville, Leopoldville.
* 1941 South Africa mbụ ngosi nka otu nwoke, Cape Town.
* Ngosi mba ofesi nke 1948 nke South Africa Art, Tate Gallery.
* Ihe ngosi 1948 ruo 1952 nke International Art Club, South Africa.
* 1950 Venice Bienalle.
* 1952 Van Riebeeck Tercent ngosi, Cape Town; Venice Bienalle.
* 1953 Rhodes Centenary ngosi, Bulawayo.
* 1954 Venice Bienalle.
* 1956 Quad mbụ nke South Africa Art.
* 1957 Sao Paulo Bienalle.
* 1960 Quad nke abụọ nke Art South Africa.
* 1961 Sao Paulo Bienalle.
* 1963 Sao Paulo Bienalle.
* 1965 Sao Paulo Bienalle.
* 1966 Republic Fest ngosi, Pretoria.
* Ihe ngosi otu 1969, 'Le Petit Palais', Geneva.
* 1971 Republic Fest ngosi.
* 1974/5 Prestige Retrospective ngosi, South African National Art Gallery na Pretoria Art Museum.

## mkpokọta ọha
Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke South Africa; Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Johannesburg; Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Pretoria; Ụlọ ihe nkiri Durban; William Humphreys Art Gallery; Ụlọ ihe ngosi ọcha AC, Bloemfontein; Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka Hester Rupert; Rembrandt Foundation; Ụlọ ihe nkiri King George VI; Mahadum nke Wits Art Gallery, UNISA.

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* van Essche, nke Carl Buchner, 1967, Tafelberg, Cape Town, South Africa
* Art & Artists nke South Africa site na E. Berman, 1994, Ndị na-ebipụta akwụkwọ ndịda

## Njikọ mpụga

* Otu Ọhụrụ
* Ụlọ akwụkwọ Michaelis nke Fine Art
* Thornton-White
* http://www.art-archives-southafrica.ch/vanESSCHE.htm

## Ntụaka
tụfuru Africa nke ukwuu, na-ese ihe nkiri Africa ka ọ na-achọ n'efu maka mkpali obodo. Isiokwu ọhụrụ ya gụnyere hippies na ndị na-egwu egwu, mana o mebiri ọtụtụ ọrụ a. Okirikiri ala Europe ya site n'oge a bụ ọchịchịrị na nkụda mmụọ, n'ụzọ dị nnọọ iche na