Thomas William Bowler

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**Thomas William Bowler** (9 Disemba 1812 Tring, Hertfordshire – 24 Ọktoba 1869 London), bụ onye kụziri onwe ya onye na-ese ihe nkiri odida obodo Britain nke biri afọ ụfọdụ na Cape of Good Hope, ma bipụta usoro nlele nke Cape Town na agbataobi ya. Ọ bụ onye a ma ama maka igosi ihe dị ka afọ 35 nke akụkọ ihe mere eme Cape n'okirikiri ala na mbara igwe.

## Ndụ
A mụrụ Bowler na Tring, Hertfordshire na 1812, nwa William Bowler na nwunye ya Sarah Butterfield, 

Ọ rutere na Cape na 5 Jenụwarị 1834 dị ka onye na-ejere Thomas Maclear, Royal Astronomer ọhụrụ, onye ọrụ ọ hapụrụ na Julaị 1835, na-arụ ọrụ na Capt. Richard Wolfe, Onye Ọchịchị Robben Island, ma nọrọ ruo na njedebe nke 1838.

Bowler wee malite ịnye ọrụ ya na Cape Town dị ka "onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ihe nkiri". Ọ nwetara ọkwa dịka onye na-ese ihe na kọleji Diocesan, na site na 1842 na South Africa College . N'otu afọ ahụ o bipụtara lithograph nke mbụ ya, *The Landing of Troops at Port Natal bụ nke HMS Southampton kpuchiri ya* . Nke a sochiri *echiche anọ nke Cape Town* na 1844. O mekwara atụmatụ 1845 pọtụfoliyo nke mbipụta *ise Echiche nke Natal*, mana ọ chọtaghị ndị debanyere aha zuru oke. Lord de Saumarez weghachiri eweghachi ya na South Africa na 1960.

Na 1850 o bipụtara *The Anti-convict Agitation*, mbipụta nke nnukwu nnọkọ e mere na Cape Town na 4 Julaị 1849, na-emegide ọdịda nke ndị a mara ikpe site na ụgbọ njem njem ntaramahụhụ *Neptune* . 

Na May 1854 ọ laghachiri England, ebe ọ natara nkuzi n'aka onye na-ese ihe James Duffield Harding, ma laghachi na Cape Town na March 1855. Ọ na-ese foto abụọ dị mkpa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmalite nke 1859 Cape Town na okporo ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Wellington, nke mbụ na South Africa; na abụọ ọzọ nke mmeghe ya na November 1863. E bipụtara atọ n'ime ihe osise ndị a dị ka ihe osise na Akụkọ London Illustrated .
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N'oge ya na South Africa, Bowler gara ọtụtụ ebe na Cape Colony, wee gaa na Knysna na Port Elizabeth n'akụkụ okporo ụzọ ubi . Njem ya rụpụtara nnukwu eserese na ihe osise dị ka *Agha Kaffir na British Settlers na South Africa* (1865), na *album Pictorial nke Cape Town, nwere echiche nke Simonstown, Port Elizabeth na Grahamstown* (1866).

Ọzọkwa na 1866 bụ njem Bowler na Mauritius . O mere atụmatụ ibipụta pọtụfoliyo nke 20 lithograph nke echiche n'àgwàetiti ahụ, mana nkwado adịghị abịa. Asaa n'ime agba mmiri mbụ dị na South Africa, ebe opekata mpe atọ nọ na Mauritius.

Bowler rụrụ ọrụ na-eduga na ntọlite na ịkwado Art Unions na Cape. N'ịbụ onye na-ese okwu, a na-agbasakarị esemokwu ya ugboro ugboro n'akwụkwọ akụkọ obodo.

N'August 1868 ọ gara England site na Mauritius na Egypt iji hazie mmepụta nke Pọtụfoliyo ya *Echiche iri abụọ nke Mauritius*, ma nwụọ n'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe ọ bịarutere. Bowler rụpụtara ụfọdụ agba mmiri 540, eserese mmanụ na eserese nke 64 nke ebipụtara dị ka lithographs. E bipụtara abụọ n'ime ọrụ ya dị ka ihe osise, na-agụghị ihe atụ ya maka akwụkwọ na magazin. A na-eme ọrụ ya na African Homes Trust Collection, Cape Archives, na mkpokọta Mendelssohn na Library nke nzuko omeiwu.

Ọ lụrụ ugboro abụọ, nye Jane Hawthorne na Maria Jolly, alụmdi na nwunye na-amụ ụmụ iri. 

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* FR Bradlow, *Thomas Bowler, Ndụ na Ọrụ Ya*, Cape Town, 1967
* FR Bradlow, *Thomas Bowler na Mauritius.* *Nkọwa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke kọntaktị n'etiti Cape of Good Hope na Mauritius 1866-1868*, Cape Town, 1970, AA Balkema Publ.

## Ntụaka
**Njirimara:**

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Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations