Ememme Ụwa nke Black Arts

World Festival of Black Arts (French: Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres), nke a na-adị ka FESMAN ma ọ bụ FMAN, abụwo usoro omenala na mmemme nka nke na-ewe otu ule n'ụdị dị iche iche nke Afrịka.  Emume a na-egosi ndị na-eme ihe ngosi - nka, akwụkwọ, egwu, sinima - site na gburugburu African Diaspora.

## Emume Ụwa Mbụ nke Nero Arts - Dakar, 1996
A haziri emu ndị ahụ dị ka emume Pan-Afrika, ma na-agbasa na ndị site na site na ike ruo ọrụ - . ịgba egwu na ihe nkiri.[1]  Onye na-eme ihe nkiri bụ William Greaves mere ihe ngosi nke iri anọ nke ihe omume ahụ na-egosi The First World Festival of Negro Arts (1968).  [2] Onye nta ndị ahụ Ịtali Sergio Borelli nke Il Festival de Dakar (1966) ihe ngosi ngosi iri ise maka RAI.[3][4]  Onye nduzi Senegal Paulin Soumanou Vieyra ibu ihe ngosi Le Sénégal au festival national des arts nègres (1966).  Ndị nduzi si na USSR Irina Venzher na Leonid Makhnach akwụkwọ ihe ngosi ngosi Russian Rítmi Afriky (Ritmi Afriki) mọda emume ahụ..

### Nchịkọta
Emere Emume mbụ nke Black Arts (French: Premier Festival Mondial des Arts Noirs) ma ọ bụ Emume nwere ike nke Negro Arts (Franch: Festival mondial des arts nègres) na Dakar, Senegal, 1-24 ika 1966, nke onye bụbu Onye isi  ala Leopold Segar Senghor akwụkwọ, yana nkwado nke United Nations "Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization UNESCO, [1] yana ike France. Emume ahụ ihe dị ka mmadụ 2,500 sitere na mba Afrịka 30 nwere onwe ha na mba ndị ọzọ nwere obodo  ndị dị ka US, Brazil, The Caribbean, France, na United Kingdom [Murphy, 2016, p. 3 & 4] ma akwụkwọ ojii, egwu, ihe nkiri, nka anya, ihe nkiri na ịgba egwu.[2] Ọ bụ  emume mbụ mmalite iji igodo ọrụ nke ndị na-ese ihe, ndị na-eti egwu na ndị edemede na ndị na-ege ntĩ n'ụwa niile.[3] N'okpuru Onye isi ala Leopold Senghor, emume a bu n'  uche ọhụrụ n'ihu nke nzaghachi ndị Afrịka  nke Negritude, na (4) ikwe ka ndị na-ese ihe Negro zute ma nkà na ndị otu / ụlọ ọrụ nke ụwa nka mba ụwa [Radcliff, 2014, p.  172]. 

N'ịkwadebe maka ihe omume ahụ, Dakar nwere nnukwu nrụzigharị site na ego dị n'ime na onyinye sitere na mba ndị sonyere. Dakar wuru okporo ụzọ ọhụrụ, gbakwunye ọdụ ụgbọ elu ọhụrụ, ma wuo ebe ọhụrụ abụọ - Theatre National Daniel Sorano na Musee Dynamique - maka ndị na-abata na ndị ọbịa. E mezigharịrị ụlọ ndị dị ka Palace de Justice (ụlọ ikpe iwu), Cathedral, Dakar Town Hall, na ọnụ mmiri dị iche iche iji kwado ọtụtụ ihe ngosi n'ọnwa ahụ [Murphy, 2016, p. 21]. 

### Ihe ndị a na-eme
Emume ahụ ahụ site na mgbochi ụka ụbọchị 8 (nke UNESCO haziri) nke haziri ihe ngosi nkà ihe echiche na echiche echiche ọrụ / mkpa nke Negro Arts.  Emere ya na National Assembly Building [Povey, 1966, p.  5].  Okwu mmeghe nke President Senghor "The Defence and Illustration of Negritude" nyere ya ebe ndị ọzọ ozi nyere ihe maka okpukpe dị ka Langston Hughes "Black Writers in a Troubled World" [Radcliff, 2014, p. 177].  arịanụ, ndị bịara ngosi ahụ achọpụtara obodo ahụ site n'ịga ihe ngosi dị iche iche n'ebe dị iche iche.  mere egwu, egwuregwu, na egwu jazz. Ndị ọkàikpe mba ụwa ngosi emume ahụ na Daniel Sorano Theater [Povey, 1966, p. 6].  ese ihe nkiri Wole Soyink [Nigeria] ihe nri nri na ngalaba ha a na-ekiri.

### Ntinye aka US
E debere kọmitii North America ọnụ iji hazie òkè US na emume ahụ.  Ụdị anya a bụ H. Alwynn Innes-Brown (onye isi ala) na John A. Davis (onye isi oche) sitere na American Society of African Culture [Radcliff, 2014, p.  173].  Ndị na-enyere aka na ndị na-agụ aka na US bụ ndị nọ anya US Senegal, onye egwu Mercer Cook na onye akwụkwọ French Literature Ousmane Soce Diop [Murphy, 2016, p.  20].  Kọmitii ahụ na ndị isi nsogbu bụ nke US State Department, na-enye ihe dịka.  $ 150, 000 dollar na ego na ịhọpụta Onye isi ala Lyndon B. Johnson na-egosi ya dị ka ndị otu nọmba.  Ndị isi US ndị iro Ralph Bunche, Alvin Ailey, Marian Anderson, Fred O"Neal, Leontyne Price, Sidney Poitier, Hale Woodruff, Ossie Davis, Duke Ellington, Langston Hughes, Margaret Danner, Rosa Guy, Marian Anderson. Katherine Dunham, Fred  O'Neal, Arthur Mitchell, na William Warfield [Radcliff, 2014, p.

### Ndị nkatọ ememme
Ọ bụ ebe na a na-ewere emume ahụ dị ka ihe ịga nke ọma - na ihe dịka.  Mmadụ 50,000 bịara - e nwere nkatọ tupu na mgbe ihe omume ahụ, site n'aka ndị na-amaghị akwụkwọ ozi a ma na ndị ọrụ.  Isi ihe na-eweda mkparị bụ okwu okwu na ihe atụ nke ogbo agha So dị ugbu a na akwụkwọ onwe Afrịka.  Ihe omume ahụ zere ụka dị ndị mmegide na mmegide nke ụdị, na-ama ime ka echiche pụta ìhè ike-ama ọdịiche dị iche iche.  A katọ emume ahụ maka nhọpụta nke ndị agha n'ihi na a na-ekwe ka ọtụtụ mba nye aka na ndị mmalite ga-enweta nkwado ha tupu ya ndị isi anya.  Akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị dị ka onye edemede Afro-Brazilian Abdias do Nascimento Egypt n'ihi na ha egosipụta ndị otu ndị isi anya akwụkwọ [Radcliff, 2014, p.  173].  Ọzọkwa, a naghị ekwe ka ndị na-agụ ịgụ n'oge a na ndị ọkà ojii siri ike si America - dị ka James Brown - sonye dị ka ndị isi anya US.  Onye nchịkọta America, onye nkuzi, onye nkatọ, na onye edemede Hoyt Fuller gosikwara ike siri ike nke sitere nke sitere na Ngalaba US State, CIA, na-agba France.

## Ememme Ndị Na-aga n'ihu

### Algiers 1969
Emume panafricain nke Algiers 1969 dịkwa na usoro a. 

### Lagos, 1977
N'afọ 1977, site na Jenụwarị 15 ruo Febụwarị 12, Emume nke amaghị nke Black Arts ma ọ bụ Ememme Black na African nke Arts na Culture - nke a maara dị ka FESTAC '77 - mere na Lagos, ebe, n'okpuru  Nkwado nke Onye isi ala Olusegun Obasanjo.[1]  Ihe ụmụ mmadụ 17,000 si mba 50 bịara ya, ọ bụ ihe omume ọdịnala akwụsị emere na kọntinent Afrịka.[1]  N'etiti ndị na-ese ihe bụ Stevie Wonder, Ted Joans, Sun Ra Arkestra, na Donald Byrd si US, Tabu Ley na Franco si Congo, Gilberto Gil si Brazil, Bembeya Jazz National si Guinea, na Louis Moholo, Dudu Pukwana  , na Miriam Makeba si South Africa.

### Dakar, 2010
Emume nke Atọ nke Black Arts mere na 10-31 Disemba 2010, Onye isi ala Senegal bụ Abdoulaye Wade akụkọ ya na isiokwu nke African Renaissance.  Onye isi ala Wade kwuru n'okwu ya na UN n'afọ 2009: "Ana m akpọ ndị Afrịka niile, ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ ụmụ niile nke Diaspora, ụmụ amaala ibe m niile, ndị mmekọ niile dị njikere ịga ije n'anya anyị.  , steeti, òtù mba ụwa niile, ntọala, ụlọ ọrụ, wdg maka ihe ịga nke ọma na-ahụ maka emume a, na ịrị elu nke Africa ọhụrụ. [1] Emume 2010 ahụ bụ nke Kwame Kwei-Armah, na ndị  Asa na emume mmeghe ahụ Yo Yo Man Man Man'Dour, Bagh, To Toushan, Toum, Toumine, Toumnynyny, Macht, Man Man Manzi, Macht'Dour na Brown, Machtú N'Dour.[2][3] Tinyere  egwu na ihe nkiri sinima, emume ahụ nke ihe ngosi nka, ihe nkiri na ịgba egwu, ihe ngosi ejiji, foto na ihe omume ndị ọzọ, na foto nke ihe nkiri nke ndị na-ese ihe na ndị nwere ikike isi si n'ịbụ nke mba Afrịka.  na Afrịka, US, Brazil, Haiti, France na Cuba.  

### Zanzibar, 2022
Afọ iri na abụọ ka e nwee, e mere Festac na Hotel Verde na Zanzibar, na aha ndị a ma ama egwu H.E.  Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, Prọfesọ Wole Soyinka, H.E. Dr Hussein Ali Mwinyi, na Dr Abdulrazak Gurnah.

### Arusha, 2023
N'okpuru onye ntụziaka mmemme ọhụrụ, Lehlohonolo Peega, "Festac Africa 2023, Destination Arusha, Tanzania" emere na obodo ndị njem egwu nke Arusha, Tanzaniya, na isiokwu: Ahụmahụ Africa na ụbọchị asaa.

Nkọwa a nkeme ahụ meghere n' àgwà ngosi (21 Mee 2023) site n'aka onye bụbu onye Black Panther Charlotte O'Neal, na emume mmetụta na ibuli ọkọlọtọ Afrịka, ebe mmeghe mmetụta (na, 22 Mee 2023) onye  onye isi okwu Afrịka bụ Prọfesọ P. L. O. Lumumba, onye gbara ume ma jaa ọrụ emume ahụ n'okpuru ọchịchị oche ya Abioye Yinka na onye isi oche Grace Mumo.

Ihe omume izu ahụ sochiri ihe ngosi sitere n'aka ndị egwu East Africa, Les Wanyika, Lord Eyez, Jamapara na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ na nzukọ ụbọchị atọ na-ekwu maka mgbanwe ihu igwe, ụmụ nwanyị na azụmaahịa, mmekọrịta ọdịbendị, wdg.

## Ihe odide

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Facebook maka emume 2009.
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* Ememme nke 1966. Na-egosi Senghor, Duke Ellington na Langston Hughes. Ihe omuma vidio nke were nkeji iri abụọ na isii.
* "Festival mondial des arts nègres"- "World Festival of Black Arts" nke Sergio Borelli, 50 min.   Video duration 50m 28s. Onye na-ebunye ya na caterina borelli, 2015.
* "Arusha meghee aka gị. Les Wanyika -abịa maka FESTAC AFRICA mgbe blanket na mmanya gasịrị" na  Video oge 17m 17s. Onye na-ebudata Purplesam Kinuthia EntataineR, 2023.
* ","href":"./Template:YouTube"},"params":{"id":{"wt":"6HyISxIQYyI"},"title":{"wt":"\"FESTAC AFRICA 2023 Destination Arusha, Tanzania Episode 3\""}},"i":0}}]}' data-ve-no-generated-contents="true" href="" id="mwARg" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow" typeof="mw:Transclusion">"FESTAC AFRICA 2023 Destination Arusha, Tanzania Episode 3" na YouTube Video oge 44m 45s. Onye na-ebunye Clevenard Social Platform, 2023.
* "Tanzania setịpụrụ ị otu n'ime nnukwu emume Africa" na  Video duration m s. Uploader Newzroom Afrika, 19 Mee 2023.
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations