Martha Mvungi

Martha Mlagala Mvungi (amụrụ Martha V. Mlagala; na 19 nke ọnwa Jenụwarị n'afọ 1943 - 24 June n'afọ  2017) bụ onye Tanzania na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ, onye edemede akụkọ dị mkpirikpi, ọkà mmụta na onye nkuzi. O dere na Kiswahili na Bekee.

## Ndụ
 
A mụrụ Martha V. Mlagala na Kidugala, Njombe, n'ebe bụ Territory Tanganyika n'oge ahụ. Ọ bụ nwa nke abụọ Jeremaya Mlagala, onye pastọ na Dzitumulike Mhehwa. Onye so na ndị Bena, ọ nwetara agụmakwụkwọ mbụ ya n'etiti ndị Hehe. Nke a gụnyere oge na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị Ilula yana Tabora Girls, na-agwụcha n'afọ 1961[2][3]

Mvungi gara n'ihu na kọleji ọzụzụ nkuzi wee gaa Mahadum Edinburgh. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'afọ 1968 wee laghachi Tanzania. N'afọ 1972, ọ lụrụ di na nwunye, n'afọ 1974 ọ gụchara akara ugo mmụta nna ya ukwu na Mahadum Dar es Salaam. Ọ kpọpụtara akwụkwọ akụkọ ya *Language Policy in Tanzanian Primary Schools with Emphasis on Implementation*. Nnyocha ya gosiri mkpa asụsụ dị na nzụlite ọgụgụ isi na nke mmetụta uche nke ụmụaka.[3][4]

Dị ka onye so na ngalaba mmụta na Mahadum Dar es Salaam, Mvungi ruru ọkwa onye nkuzi ukwu n'afo 1982. N'otu afọ ahụ ọ gụchara akwụkwọ nyocha PhD ya,*The Relationship Between Performance in the Instructional Medium and Some Secondary School Subjects in Tanzania*. Nke a gara n'ihu na isiokwu a nyochara n'ọrụ mbụ ya. Kpọmkwem, o gosipụtara njikọ dị n'etiti nka n'asụsụ nkuzi na arụmọrụ agụmakwụkwọ.[4]
 
Mvungi sonyeere UNESCO National Commission dị ka odeakwụkwọ ukwu n'afọ 1982. N'afọ 1990, a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ odeakwụkwọ na-adịgide adịgide maka Ministri ahụike. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nke Training Fund for Tanzania Women. N'afọ 1995, o guzobere ESACS Academy, ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị mba ụwa na Dar es Salaam. Ọ chịrị ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ruo n'afọ 2015.  [3][5]

Martha Mvungi nwụrụ na 24 June n'afọ 2017. [3]

## Ide ihe
Ihe odide mbụ Mvungi bipụtara pụtara n'afọ 1970 n'okpuru aha mbụ ya Martha V. Mlagala. 'Ọ bụ ihe efu? 'e gosipụtara na *Darlite*, akwụkwọ edemede ụmụ akwụkwọ' nke dabeere na Ngalaba nke Akwụkwọ, Mahadum nke Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka. Ọ bụ akụkọ banyere nwa agbọghọ nke hapụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ya na Njombe iji soro onye ọ hụrụ n'anya gaa Dar es Salaam. Mana ozugbo ọ batara n'obodo ahụ, onye ọ hụrụ n'anya gbahapụrụ ya, ọ gbakwara mbọ ịlaghachi n'ụlọ. N'ịbụ onye a manyere ịdabere na onye ọkwọ ụgbọala mmanụ na-aga n'Okporo ụzọ Tanzan iji laghachi n'ụlọ, ọ na-ahụ onwe ya dị ka onye na-adịghị ike ma na-atụ egwu.[6][7]

Ọ gara n'ihu bipụta akwụkwọ isii n'etiti 1975 n'afọ 2003, na Kiswahili na Bekee. E bipụtabeghị akwụkwọ abụọ ọzọ, The Voice na Writing off a Debt in Ngorongoro Crater.[3] Ọrụ ya gosipụtakwara n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ. Nke a gụnyere Unwinding Threads: Writing by Women in Africa na The Heinemann Book of African Women's Writing.[9]
 
Heinemann bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ, na naanị, nke Mvungi n'asụsụ Bekee n'afọ 1975. A tọhapụrụ ya dị ka nọmba 159 na African Writers Series, Three Solid Stones bụ nchịkọta akụkọ ọdịnala. Mvungi bụ onye edemede Tanzania nke abụọ pụtara na usoro ahụ, mgbe Peter Palangyo gasịrị, na nwanyị Tanzania mbụ. James Currey, onye nchịkọta akụkọ nke usoro ahụ, nwere nchegbu banyere itinye akwụkwọ ọnụ, ma chee na Three Solid Stones enweghị ihe na-egbuke egbuke.[11]

N'otu afọ ahụ, Mvungi bipụtara *Hana Hatia*, akụkọ nchọpụta e mere iji gosipụta nsogbu ezinụlọ na ọha mmadụ Afrịka nke oge a. N'akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, Mvungi na-akọ akụkọ Petro, onye hapụrụ nwunye ya raara onwe ya nye, Maria, maka onye isi nwanyị. Maria, na-enweghị ike ịkwado onwe ya n'obodo ahụ, laghachiri n'ụlọ n'obodo Ujamaa. N'ebe ahụ, ọ na-enweta afọ ojuju dị ka onye nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ.[12][13]

Mvungi tụgharịrị gaa n'akwụkwọ ụmụaka na Yasin's Dilemma na Yasin in Trouble. Akwụkwọ ikpeazụ ya, *Lwidiko*, na-akatọ nrụrụ aka n'etiti ndị Tanzania nke oge a.[12]

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## Ebensidee


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