open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Thilo Bode

**Thilo Bode** (amụrụ na 14 Jenụwarị 1947) bụ onye guzobere na onye nduzi mba ụwa nke otu na-akwado ikike ndị ahịa Foodwatch, ọ bụkwabu onye isi oche nke Greenpeace.

## Ọrụ
A mụrụ ya na Eching am Ammersee, Germany, Bode bụ nwa nke onye nta akụkọ Thilo Bode na onye na-ere akwụkwọ. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Karlsgymnasium München-Pasing na 1966, o guzobere Working Group of Young Socialists na SPD (Jusos) union maka obodo Herrsching am Ammersee ma jee ozi dị ka onyeisi oche Jusos maka mpaghara Starnberg.  Ọ malitere ịmụ nkà mmụta mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na mahadum Munich na Regensburg, tupu ọ gbanwee ụzọ ya gaa na akụ na ụba. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere na akụ na ụba na 1972, Bode nwetara agụmakwụkwọ doctoral na, na 1975, Bode ghọrọ dọkịta nke sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Akwụkwọ edemede ya bụ maka itinye ego kpọmkwem.  Bode mechara rụọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ injinia Lahmeyer International, maka ụlọ akụ mmepe Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW) na dịka onye na-enyere ụlọ ọrụ Düsseldorf aka na ụlọ ọrụ ígwè.

Site na 1989 ruo 1995, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke German arm nke nzukọ gburugburu ebe obibi Greenpeace ma site na 1995 ruo 2001, ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'otu ọnọdụ ahụ na Greenpeace International.  N'afọ 2002, Bode guzobere ụlọ ọrụ na-echebe ndị ahịa Foodwatch, ma duzie ụlọ ọrụ ahụ dị ka onye isi nchịkwa. N'ọnwa Eprel 2017, ọ hapụrụ njikwa nke Foodwatch Germany na Martin Rücker ma kemgbe ahụ bụrụ onye nduzi nke Foodwatch International.  Ọ na-ebipụtakwa akwụkwọ sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbe niile, dịka ọmụmaatụ na Blättern für deutsche und internationale Politik .

## Omume Ndị Na-emegide TTTIP
Bode bụ onye nkatọ a ma ama na onye na-akwado imegide azụmahịa Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP).  Na 2015, o nyere aka hazie ihe mgbochi TTIP na Berlin nke dọtara ihe karịrị 150,000 ngosi.  Friedrich Merz, onye bụbu MEP na onye bụbu onye Bundestag, katọrọ omume Bode site n'ikwu "eziokwu ahụ na ọ na-ekwu maka ihe ndapụta echiche… na-egosi na ọ nweghị ike ịhụ ihe ọ bụla n'ime ederede iji gosipụta isi ihe ọ na-ekwu."  N'ihi omume mgbochi TTIP, gụnyere Bode's, nkwado maka mmekorita ahụ kwụsịrị site na 55% ruo 17% na Germany na nnukwu ndị ọrụ azụmahịa, bụ ndị kwadoro nkwekọrịta ahụ, malitere imegide ya.

## Onyinye
2009: Social Entrepreneur of the Year - Germany, nke Schwab Foundation nyere

## Arụmụka
N'afọ 2010, Minista Federal nke Nri na Ọrụ Ugbo Ilse Aigner (CSU), onye Foodwatch katọrọ ugboro ugboro maka iwu ndị ahịa ya, boro Thilo Bode na Foodwatch ebubo maka iji "ihe ihere" dị ka ihe nlereanya azụmaahịa, na-elekwasị anya na "mgbasa ozi nke na-akpali ọnọdụ ejighị n'aka".

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## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Thilo Bode
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ogige Ntụrụndụ Barra Honda

**Ogige Ntụrụndụ Barra Honda** bụ ogige ntụrụndụ dị n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Costa Rica, nke bụ akụkụ  Tempisque Conservation Area ihe dị ka  12 (7.5 mi) site na Osimiri Tempisque. E kere ya na 1974 iji chebe usoro ọgba ya a ma ama, n'okpuru Barra Honda Peak nke e guzobere mgbe e buliri agwaetiti sitere na Miocene Era n'elu ala dị larịị nke osimiri ahụ. Ọgba na ụzọ mmiri ndị dị n'ebe ahụ taa ka mmiri ozuzo na-esi na limestone pụta ihe karịrị nde afọ 70 ma ọ bụ karịa.

Ọdịdị calcareous nke ọgba limestone dị na Ogige ahụ bụ isi ihe na-adọrọ mmasị ndị nleta, nke a na-eme atụmatụ na ọ bụ naanị 50% nyochara. Ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ nwere Ranger Station nke na-emeghe maka nlebara anya ndị nleta site na elekere asatọ nke ụtụtụ ruo mgbede, ma nwee mmiri ọṅụṅụ na ụlọ mposi.

Ọnụ ọgụgụ ọgba ndị a chọtara na Barra Honda Peak bụ 42 na 2005, nke a chọtara ọzọ n'afọ ndị 1960 na 1970. Ha gụnyere Nicoa, ebe a chọtara ozu mmadụ, ihe ochie na ọla ndị e ji mee tupu oge Columbus, na Santa Ana, ọgba kachasị omimi a maara na mgbagwoju anya nke na-adịghị ahụkebe maka ọtụtụ stalactites na ogidi ya pụrụ iche. Ọgba a na-adaba ihe dị ka 240 m (790 ) n'ime ala.   Ìgwè dị iche iche nke ụmụ oke na-anọ n'ime [usoro ọgba].

N'ihi ihe pụrụ iche dị n'okpuru ala, ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ bụkwa ebe obibi nke ọtụtụ ụdị dị iche iche. Ndị a gụnyere salamanders kpuru ìsì na azụ ndị a na-ahụkarị na-ebi n'ọchịchịrị.

N'ọnwa Machị afọ 1997, ọkụ gbara ihe dị ka pasent ise nke ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ, ọtụtụ ogige ntorobịa mba ndị ọzọ n'otu afọ ahụ metụtakwara. National Commission of Forest Fires (CONIFOR) nke Costa Rica kọrọ na mgbalị iji kpochapụ ọkụ na-egbochi site na anwụrụ ọkụ na-ekpuchi ebe ndị nọ n'ihe ize ndụ nke enweghị nchịkwa, yana nsogbu na nkwukọrịta na njem na enweghị ngwá ọrụ ọkụ. Na June 11, 1997, e zigara ụgbọ elu azụmahịa OFDA na-akwụ ụgwọ na-ebu ngwá ọrụ na ngwá ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị na ọtụtụ mba ndị ọkụ yiri ya gbara n'ógbè ahụ, a na-akwụghachi ụgwọ site na enyemaka sitere na USFS maka mgbalị mgbochi ọkụ.

## Ihe odide
Ogige Ntụrụndụ Na-enweghị Nweta

El Imposible National Park

IUCN category II (national park)

Lookout in the national park

Location of El Imposible in El Salvador

Location	Ahuachapán Department, El Salvador

Coordinates	13°50′30″N 89°57′27″W﻿ / ﻿13.84167°N 89.95750°W

Area	38.20 km2 (14.75 sq mi)

Established	1 January 1989

Ogige Ntụrụndụ El Imposible (Spanish: Parque Nacional El Imposible) bụ oké ọhịa na-ekpo ọkụ na **ogige ntụrụndụ** mba dị na El Salvador. E guzobere ya na 1 Jenụwarị 1989 ma kpuchie mpaghara nke 38.20 square kilomita. Ọ pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "Ogige Ntụrụndụ Na-agaghị ekwe omume" n'asụsụ Bekee. O nwere ịdị elu nke dị n'etiti mita 250 na 1,425 . A na-akpọ El Imposible maka ndagwurugwu dị ize ndụ nke na-egbu ndị ọrụ ugbo na ịnyịnya ibu na-ebute kọfị gaa n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Pacific. El Imposible dị na Apaneca Ilamatepec Mountain Range n'etiti 300m na 1450m n'elu oke osimiri, ma gụnye osimiri asatọ nke na-enye mmiri maka Barra de Santiago na ọhịa mangrove dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri.

Ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ ka bụ ebe obibi nke ụdị osisi na anụmanụ dị iche iche, gụnyere pumas, oncilla, anụ ọhịa, eze hawks na ugo ojii. A na-ahụ Oké Osimiri Pacific site n'ebe dị elu n'oké ọhịa.

N'afọ 1992, e tinyere El Imposible na UNESCO World Heritage Tentative Lists, tinyere Cara Sucia.

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Njem Ndị Na-agaghị Aga Ike
* Ogige Ntụrụndụ Mba El Imposible
Ndị mmekọ EcoAgriculture

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
E guzobere EcoAgriculture International na 2002 site n'aka Sara J. Scherr na Jeffrey McNeely mgbe ha chepụtara okwu ahụ bụ "ecoagriculture" na akụkọ ha "Common Ground, Common Future: How Ecoagriculture Can Help Feed the World and Save Wild Biodiversity".

E guzobere ya na 2002 dị ka njikọ aka nke Future Harvest na International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) n'oge World Summit for Sustainable Development.

N'afọ 2004, EcoAgriculture bipụtara nyocha, "Ecoagriculture: A Review and Assessment of its Scientific Foundations," iji gosipụta ikike sayensị nke ecoagriculture.

N'afọ 2005, nzukọ ahụ ghọrọ ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru n'okpuru aha EcoAgriculture Partners ma nata ego mbụ ya site na World Bank na TerrAfrica.

N'afọ 2010, EcoAgriculture Partners malitere ịrụ ọrụ na mmemme CGIAR Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) iji mepụta ọrụ ugbo na carbon na-arụ ọrụ n'Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka.

N'afọ 2011, EcoAgriculture Partners duziri nguzobe nke Landscapes for People, Food and Nature (LPFN), njikọ nke òtù ndị mmekọ 80 na ebumnuche nke ịkwalite njikwa ala zuru ụwa ọnụ.

N'afọ 2017, EcoAgriculture Partners jikọtara aka na IUCN iji bipụta akụkọ gbasara itinye aka azụmaahịa na atụmatụ nchịkwa ala na-adịgide adịgide.

N'afọ 2017-2020, EcoAgriculture Partners mepụtara usoro mmụta zuru oke maka ndị isi gọọmentị ime obodo na ịhazi Landscape - Climate Smart Agriculture. A nwalere nke a na ìgwè ndị dị na Tanzania.

N'afọ 2018, Ndị Mmekọ EcoAgriculture weputara Ngwá Ọrụ Nrụpụta Ihe Dị iche iche na Agriculture Production Practices Toolkit iji duzie ndị ọrụ n'ime nhazi ọrụ ugbo na ebumnuche nchekwa. N'afọ sochirinụ, nzukọ a jikọrọ aka na Mahadum Wageningen, IUCN Netherlands na Oxylus Climate Advisors iji malite usoro mmụta n'ịntanetị na ego ala ala.

n 2019, EcoAgriculture Partners kwadoro atụmatụ 1000 Landscapes maka 1 ijeri mmadụ (1000L), mmekorita zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ọtụtụ ndị na-eduga gburugburu ebe obibi, mmepe na-adigide, gọọmentị na ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ. Ebumnuche 1000L bụ ịnapụta ihe ngwọta na-adịgide adịgide n'okirikiri ala 1,000 iji rite uru na ijeri mmadụ 1 n'ụwa niile site n'afọ 2030 yana ilebara nchekwa nri na mmiri, mfu nke ụdị ndụ dị iche iche, mmebi ala na mgbanwe ihu igwe.

N'afọ 2022, EcoAgriculture Partners mepụtara akwụkwọ ọcha na Iwu Ala. Akwụkwọ White dọtara ihe akaebe ọnụ iji gosipụta otu gọọmentị mba nwere ike isi mepụta usoro iwu nke dabara na ihe ndị ha na-ebute ụzọ na ọnọdụ ụlọ ọrụ.

## Ihe odide

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
Ọdụm na-acha odo odo nke Genoways

Genoways's yellow bat (***Rhogeessa genowaysi***) bụ ụdị ụkpara vesper a na-ahụ naanị na Mexico. Ọ na-eyi egwu site na mbibi ebe obibi. N'ihi ọnọdụ ya dị n'ihe ize ndụ, Alliance for Zero Extinction na-akọwa ya dị ka ụdị dị n'oké ihe ize ndụ nke mkpochapụ na-abịanụ.

## Nchịkọta na mmalite
Robert J. Baker kọwara ụdị a na 1984, dabere na otu onye anakọtara na 1981. Aha maka ụdị a bụ Hugh H. Genoways, onye Baker họọrọ "n'ịghọta onyinye ya dị ịrịba ama na nyocha anụmanụ. " Ọ bụ otu n'ime ụdị asaa a ghọtara na obere ụkpara na-acha odo odo. Onye ikwu ya kacha nso bụ obere ụkpara na-acha odo odo.

## Nkọwa
Ọ bụ obere ụdị ụkpara, na-atụ ihe dịka 5 g (0.18 ).
O nwere ajị odo, ntị ya dịkwa obere ma gbaa gburugburu. Uropatagium ya enweghị ntutu. A na-ewere ya dị ka ụdị ụkpara dị omimi n'ihi na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ihe ahụ na obere ụkpara na-acha odo odo, *Rhogeessa tumida*; ụdị abụọ ahụ na-agbakọta, na-eme ka ha nwee ọmịiko. Akara ọdịdị kachasị mma iji mee ka ọ dị iche na obere ụkpara na-acha odo odo bụ ogologo ntị. Ntị nke ụkpara odo nke Genoways dị ihe dịka 11.13 mm (0.438 in) ogologo, ebe ndị nke obere ụkpara odo ojii nwere nku bụ 12.82 mm (0.505 in) ogologo. Ọdụm na-acha odo odo nke Genoways na-enwekwa mmekọahụ karịa obere ọbọgwụ na-acha ọbara ọbara nke nwere nku ojii, nke ụmụ nwanyị buru ibu karịa ụmụ nwoke. Ogwe aka ya dị 27.8-30.5 mm (1.09-1.20 in) n'ogologo. Usoro ezé ya bụ 1.1.1.33.1.2.3, maka ngụkọta ezé 30.

## Ihe ndị dị ndụ
Nanị ụzọ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya iji mee ka ọ dị iche na obere ụkpara na-acha odo odo bụ site na karyotype ya. Ọdụm na-acha odo odo nke Genoways nwere ọnụọgụ diploid chromosome nke 42, ebe obere ọdụm na'acha odo odo nwere nku ojii nwere ọnụọụọgụ chromosome dị 30, 32, 34, na 52. Obere ụkpara na-acha odo odo, nke nwekwara njikọ chiri anya, nwere ọnụọgụ chromosome 44. Agbụrụ nke obere ụkpara na-acha odo odo nke nwere nku ojii nke na-akwado ụkpara na'acha odo odo Genoways nwere chromosomes 34. Ha bụ ndị na-eri ụmụ ahụhụ n'elu.

## Ebe obibi na ebe obibi
A na-ahụ ya n'akụkụ ndịda nke steeti Mexico nke Chiapas na ala dị ala nke Pacific. E jidere ya n'okpuru okpokoro nke oké ọhịa ndị tozuru etozu, nke abụọ na-eto eto. A na-ahụ ya n'ebe dị elu nke 20-50 m (66-164 ) n'elu oke osimiri.

## Nchekwa
IUCN depụtara ya dị ka ihe nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. Nnyocha ndị gara aga nke IUCN mere ka ọ bụrụ nke na-adịghị ike na nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe egwu na 2000 na 1996, n'otu n'otu. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na ya na-ebelata, ebe obibi ya na-agbasa nke ukwuu. Nnukwu ihe iyi egwu nye ụdị a bụ mbibi ebe obibi maka ọrụ ugbo.

## Ihe odide
MV Greenpeace

**MV Greenpeace** (nke a na-akpọbu (1959-1977) ma bụrụkwa nke a maara dị ka ***Elbe***) bụ ụgbọ mmiri ***Greenpeace*** nke e wuru na 1959 dị ka ụgbọ mmiri na-adọkpụ / na-azọpụta. Greenpeace zụrụ ya na 1985 site na Maryland Pilotage Company, a na-akpọ ụgbọ mmiri ahụ MV Maryland, ma weghachite ya na Netherlands ka e jiri ngwá ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ mee ya tupu e weghachite shi. Ọ nọchiri Rainbow Warrior mbụ, nke ndị agha France mikpuru na 1985. N'afọ 2001, MV Esperanza nọchiri ya.

## Owuwu
N'abalị iri na anọ n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1958, J. & K. Smit malitere ụgbọ mmiri na-aga n'oké osimiri dị ka *Elbe* maka Smit International.

## Ọrụ
N'ime afọ irí na ise ya na Greenpeace na-eje ozi, MV ma ọ bụ Black Pig dị ka ndị ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri mara ya, [2] gafere ụwa ọtụtụ oge, na-ekere òkè n'ọtụtụ mkpọsa.  Nbugharị mbụ ya bụ akụkụ nke mkpọsa "World Park Antarctica" mana na-esochi ọdịda nke Warrior, e zigara ya ka ọ na-aga Europe na-aga New Zealand site na ọwa mmiri Panama, ka ọ buru ụzọ sonye dị ka akụkụ nke convoy udo na-eme mkpesa megide French Nuklia.  Nnwale na Moruroa Atoll, tupu ịga n'ihu na mgbasa ozi Antarctica dị ka akwadoro.  Afọ iri na ọkara sochirinụ hụrụ ka ọ na-etinye aka na mkpọsa Greenpeace gburugburu ụwa, site na Ọwara Persian ruo Antarctic.

Ka ọ na-ekere òkè na ngagharị iwe megide nnwale US nke mgbọ ogbunigwe Trident na 1989, ụgbọ mmiri US Navy, USS *Kittiwake* (ASR-13) kụrụ *Greenpeace* ọtụtụ ugboro. Na ngwụcha afọ 1993, ndị ọrụ nọ n'ụgbọ mmiri ahụ kpughere ụgbọ mmiri ndị Russia na-atụfu tọn 900 nke mmiri na-emepụta radiation n'ime Oké Osimiri Japan. Ngagharị iwe megide ịmaliteghachi nnwale nuklia nke France na French Polynesia sochiri na 1995. N'oge a, ndị uwe ojii France banyere n'ụgbọ mmiri ahụ ma jide ya na mmiri mba ụwa.

E ji MV Esperanza dochie *Greenpeace* na 2001. Kemgbe ahụ, a gbanwere ya ka ọ bụrụ ụdị mbụ ya dị ka *Elbe* ma bụrụ ugbu a ụgbọ mmiri ngosi nka na Maassluis.

## Edensibia

* Ihe ọmụma banyere MV ''Greenpeace''
* Ụgbọ mmiri Greenpeace niile
* Vidio nke Elbe
Ogige Ntụrụndụ Pico Bonito

**Ogige Ntụrụndụ Pico Bonito** bụ ogige ntụrụndụ dị na Honduras . E guzobere ya na Jenụwarị 1, 1987 ma kpuchie mpaghara  564.30 km2 (217.88  mi). Ọ nwere ịdị elu dị n'agbata mita 60 na 2,480 .

## Nkọwa
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px|Cordillera Nombre de Dios ugwu na Pico Bonito nke e si La Ceiba nweta
Ogige Ntụrụndụ Pico Bonito dị n'ebe ugwu nke Honduras, n'ugwu a na-akpọ Cordillera Nombre de Dios, Pico Boniti bụ ugwu dị na obodo El Porvenir, nso obodo La Ceiba dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na Honduras. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke Mesoamerican Biological Corridor.

O nwere mpaghara elu nke 1,073 square kilomita gụnyere mpaghara buffer ya - ya bụ ihe dịka 20 x 20 miles ma ọ bụ 30 x 35 km.

Nchịkwa nke oghere a echedoro bụ ọrụ nke Pico Bonito National Park Foundation (FUPNAPIB), otu na-abụghị nke gọọmentị na-enweghị uru, nke e guzobere dị ka ụlọ ọrụ iwu na 1993, site na iwu 192-93 nke National Congress. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, e nwere nkwekọrịta maka njikwa n'etiti State Forest Administration (AFE-COHDEFOR) na FUPNAPIB nke na-eme ka omume nke nzukọ nke ikpeazụ ahụ doo anya.

Pico Bonito National Park Foundation (FUPNAPIB) nwere mmemme na nchedo ọhịa, njikwa jikọtara ihe onwunwe, agụmakwụkwọ gburugburu ebe obibi na nha nhata nwoke na nwanyị. Na mmekorita ya na EcoLogic Development Fund na World Bank's BioCarbon Fund, FUPNAPIB malitere ọrụ ijide carbon na nchekwa na 2005. Ebumnuche ọrụ a bụ iji belata mmetụta ọjọọ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe site n'inye obodo ọzụzụ na ohere ọrụ na mgbake ọhịa na agroforestry.

Mpaghara a na-ewu ewu maka omume nke ikiri nnụnụ, rafting, kayaking na hiking, na ọtụtụ ndị na-eme njem nleta na-enye njem, njem na ebe obibi.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta ugwu ndị dị na Central America

## Ihe odide
Ogige Ntụrụndụ nke Ugwu Santa Bárbara

Ogige Ntụrụndụ Montaña Santa Bárbara (nke a na-akpọbu Ogige Ntụ Santa Bárbara) bụ **ogige ntụrụndụ** dị na Honduras. E guzobere ya na 1 Jenụwarị 1987 ma kpuchie mpaghara nke 121.3 square kilomita. O nwere ịdị elu nke mita 2,777.

Montaña de Santa Bárbara bụ ugwu karstic dịpụrụ adịpụ. Ọ dị n'ebe ugwu site na Ulúa-Chamelecón Plain, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ site na Lake Yojoa. E nwere oké ọhịa kpọrọ nkụ n'ebe okpomọkụ n'ala dị ala, oké ọhịa na-ekpo ọkụ n'etiti ugwu, na oké ọhịa ugwu na oké ọhịa igwe ojii n'ebe dị elu.

Enwere ike iru n'elu ya site n'akụkụ ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ, na-arịgo site n'obodo Los Andes.

## Ihe odide
Ogige Ntụrụndụ Pico Pijol

**Ogige Ntụrụndụ Pico Pijol** bụ ogige ntụrụndụ dị na Honduras . E guzobere ya na 1 Jenụwarị 1987 ma kpuchie mpaghara nke square kilomita 122.1 . O nwere ịdị elu nke dị n'etiti mita 1,800 na 2,282.

## Ihe odide
Ogige Ntụrụndụ nke Comayagua

Montaña de Comayagua National Park

IUCN category II (national park)

Waterfall at Montaña de Comayagua National Park, May 2016

Location of Montaña de Comayagua in Honduras

Location	Honduras

Coordinates	14°29′41″N 87°30′41″W﻿ / ﻿14.49472°N 87.51139°W

Area	184.8 km2 (71.4 sq mi)

Established	1 January 1987

Ogige Ntụrụndụ Montaña de Comayagua bụ **ogige ntụrụndụ** dị na Honduras . E guzobere ya na 1 Jenụwarị 1987 ma kpuchie mpaghara nke 184.8 square kilomita. A maara ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ n'ógbè ahụ site na aha Parque Nacional Montaña de Comayagua na aha mkpirisi PANACOMA.

Enwere ike iru ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ site na ịga n'ebe ugwu site na Comayagua n'okporo ụzọ awara awara gaa La Libertad.  N'obodo San Jeróniomo tụgharịa n'aka nri n'okporo ụzọ ruru unyi.  A na-eji ihe ịrịba ama emechi mgbanyụ ọkụ ahụ.  Soro ihe ịrịba ama maka Río Negro na PANACOMA. Okporo ụzọ ahụ bụ otu ụzọ nwere àkwà mmiri ole na ole.  Ụgbọala nwere ụkwụ anọ nwere ezigbo ohere dị mkpa iji nwee ihe ịga nke ọma n'okporo ụzọ ahụ.  E nwere ebe mgbasa ozi ogige ntụrụndụ n'obodo nta Río Negro na   / 14.542533°N 87.554117°W / 14.522533; -87.554117. 14°32'33.12"N 87° 33'14.82"W. Enwere ike iwe ndị nduzi njem n'ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ ozi.

Ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ bụ ebe ọtụtụ nsụda mmiri dị.  Río Gavilán nwere nsụda mmiri dị mita 50 n'ịdị elu (160 ) a na-akpọ Cascada de los Ensueños nke dị na 14°32'57.65"N 87°32'36.17"W n'okporo ụzọ e wuru nke ọma ihe dị ka otu awa site na isi ụzọ.  Isi ụzọ ahụ dị na 14°33'1.82"N 87°33' 1.71"W n'okporo ụzọ na-eduga na Río Negro.

## Njikọ mpụga

* PANACOMA (Spanish)

## Ihe odide
Nnukwu wren

**Nnukwu wren** (***Campylorhynchus chiapensis***) bụ ụdị nnụnụ n'ezinụlọ Troglodytidae . A na-ahụ ya na Mexico na Guatemala.

## Nchịkọta na usoro
Nnukwu wren bụ monotypic. Ọ bụ ezie na nnụnụ ndị dị n'akụkụ ugwu nke ebe obibi ya buru ibu, ọdịiche ahụ dị obere iji nye ụdị ala.

A na-emeso ya mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ụdị nke wren bicolored (*Campylorhynchus griseus*) ma nwee ike ịmepụta ụdị ya.

## Nkọwa
Dị ka aha ya na-egosi, nnukwu wren bụ onye kachasị n'ezinụlọ ya. Ọ dị 20 ruo 22 cm (7.9 ruo 8.7 in) ogologo ma dị 43.4 ruo 57 g (1.53 ruo 2.01 ). Ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị yiri. Ndị toro eto nwere okpueze ojii, olu, na ubu. Supercilium na-acha ọcha na-ekewa akara ojii site na anya site na okpueze na ihu ndị ọzọ na-acha ọbara ọbara. Akụkụ elu ha bụ chestnut na-egbuke egbuke na ọdụ chestnut gbara ọchịchịrị; ábụ́bà ọdụ niile ma e wezụga nke dị n'etiti nwere eriri ọcha na njedebe. Akụkụ ha dị n'okpuru site na ntì ruo n'afọ na-acha ọcha; afọ na ebe ikuku na-acha odo odo. Ụmụaka yiri ndị okenye mana akụkụ ha na-acha ọcha, ọ bụghị ọcha.

## Ebe a na-ekesa ya
A na-ewere nnukwu wren dị ka ihe a na-ahụkarị na steeti Chiapas nke Mexico, site na Puerto Arista n'ebe ndịda ruo nso ókèala Guatemala. Otú ọ dị, kemgbe ihe dị ka afọ 2010, e nweela ọtụtụ ihe n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Guatemala. Ọ na-ebi n'ọhịa gụnyere ebe ndị mmadụ gbanwere nke ukwuu dị ka ugbo, hedgerows, na ubi mkpụrụ osisi. Ọ na-eme naanị n'ime  50 (31 mi) site n'ụsọ oké osimiri na site na oke osimiri ruo 300 m (980 )  ịdị elu.

## Omume

### Nri
A chọpụtabeghị nri nnukwu wren mana o yikarịrị ka ọ bụ anụ na-enweghị azụ. Ọ na-eri nri n'elu ma ọ bụ n'akụkụ ala.

### Ịzụlite
Oge ọmụmụ nke giant wren bụ May ruo July. O nwere ike ịbụ ụmụ abụọ ma enwere ihe akaebe nke ndị enyemaka na akwukwo. Alaka bụ nnukwu bọọlụ nwere ọnụ ụzọ mbata n'akụkụ, nke e ji ahịhịa na eriri ndị ọzọ siri ike wuo ma tinye ya n'osisi akịba. Nanị ụmụ e dekọrọ nwere àkwá atọ.

### Nkwupụta
Nnukwu wren abụọ na-abụ abụ n'otu olu, "ahịrịokwu na-enweghị oghere, chortling na rollicking" https://www.xeno-canto.org/271708. Mkpu ya bụ "na-asọpụrụ ma na-eme ihe ike" https://www.xeno-canto.org/385742.

## Ọnọdụ
IUCN enyochaala nnukwu wren dị ka nke na-adịchaghị echegbu onwe ya. O doro anya na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi na ya karịrị 20,000 ma "a na-enyo ya enyo na ọ kwụsiri ike na enweghị ihe akaebe maka mbelata ọ bụla ma ọ bụ egwu dị ukwuu".

## Ihe odide

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
Ogige Ntụrụndụ Palo Verde

**Ogige Ntụrụndụ Palo Verde** (Spanish: Parque Nacional Palo Verde), bụ ogige ntụrụndụ nke Costa Rica, akụkụ nke Arenal Tempisque Conservation Area, nke nwere ọtụtụ mpaghara nke ndagwurugwu nke Osimiri Tempisque ma kpuchie mpaghara nke 45,492 acres na Guanacaste Province, 30 km n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Canas. Mpaghara gbara ya gburugburu bụ ọhịa kpọrọ nkụ nke okpomọkụ, ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ na-elekwasị anya n'ichekwa ala mmiri dị mkpa, marshes, ugwu limestone, na ọdọ mmiri oge site na mmegide nke mmepeanya nke na-etinye gburugburu ebe obibi nke mpaghara ahụ n'ihe ize ndụ.

## Ọdịdị ala
Ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ nwere ọdụ ndị na-elekọta ya nke na-emeghe maka ndị ọbịa site na elekere asatọ nke ụtụtụ ruo mgbede, ma nwee mmiri ọṅụṅụ na ụlọ mposi. Ụlọ ọrụ Palo Verde Biological Station dị na saịtị nke Organization for Tropical Studies na-arụ ọrụ. Otu akụkụ dị mkpa nke ogige ahụ bụ njupụta na ụdị nnụnụ dị iche iche, ihe dị mkpa n'ịmepụta ebe nchekwa ahụ, n'ihi akụkụ dị iche iche nke gburugburu ebe obibi ya, yana mpaghara 15 sitere na oké ọhịa na-acha akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ ruo na mangrove marshes. Nnụnụ ndị a na-ahụkarị n'ogige ahụ gụnyere nnukwu curassows, scarlet macaws, white ibis, roseate spoonbills, anhingas, jabirus, na osisi storks.

N'oge ọkọchị mmiri dị ụkọ n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke mba ahụ. N'ihi nke a, ọtụtụ nnụnụ na-agbakọta n'ogige ntụrụndụ na ọdọ mmiri ya. Agwaetiti Parajos, nke dị n'etiti Osimiri Tempisque, na-abụkarị ebe dị mma iji hụ nnụnụ. Agwaetiti a bụ ebe kachasị ukwuu maka ụmụ nnụnụ na-acha oji na Costa Rica.

Ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ na-echebe otu n'ime usoro okike kachasị n'ihe ize ndụ. Ọ bụ otu n'ime oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo ikpeazụ fọdụrụnụ nke kpuchiri ọtụtụ n'ime Central America. Oké ọhịa mmiri ozuzo kpọrọ nkụ dị ugbu a n'ihe na-erughị 0.1% nke ogo mbụ ha ma a na-ewere ha dị ka usoro okike kachasị n'ihe ize ndụ na okpomọkụ.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
E kwupụtara Ogige Ntụrụndụ Palo Verde dị ka ebe mgbaba anụ ọhịa n'oge afọ 1970 n'ihi na ihe karịrị ụdị nnụnụ 60 jiri laguna, ma ọ bụ ala mmiri, dị ka ebe nkwụsịtụ. E nwere otu oge 35,000 black bellied whistling ducks, 25,000 blue winged teal, na ọtụtụ narị ducks na-agagharị n'oge ọkọchị. Mgbe e mesịrị, a mara ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ dị ka ogige ntorobịa mba ma na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị MINAE (Ministry of Environment, Energy and Telecommunications). N'afọ ndị 1990, e tinyere ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ na ndepụta Ramsar nke ala mmiri dị mkpa na mba ụwa nakwa na Montreux Record.

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Media related to Palo Verde National Park at Wikimedia Commons
* Ogige Ntụrụndụ Palo Verde na Ogige Ntụ Mba Costa Rica
Ogige Ntụrụndụ Sipacate-Naranjo

**Ogige Ntụrụndụ Sipacate-Naranjo** dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri Pacific nke Escuintla na Guatemala (  / 13.919955°N 91.086473°W / 13. 9955; -91.086443 (Sipacate-Naranjo National Park)). Ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ gụnyere ọhịa mangrove, ọdọ mmiri na ụsọ mmiri ájá ma kpuchie mpaghara dị kilomita 20 n'ogologo na 1 kilomita n'obosara, na-agbasa n'etiti obodo ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Sipacate na El Naranjo.

Ụdị mangrove a na-ahụ n'ogige ahụ bụ mangrove ọcha (*Laguncularia racemosa*), mangrove ojii (*Avicennia nitida*, *Avicennia germinans*) na ọtụtụ ụdị Rhizophora, gụnyere mangrove na-acha ọbara ọbara (*Rhizophora* mangle). Ụdị osisi ndị na-agafe agafe gụnyere palmetto nke Mexico (*Sabal* mexicana) na guiana chestnut (*Pachira aquatica*).

Ụsọ mmiri nke ogige ahụ bụ ebe a na-amụ ụmụ ebe ọtụtụ ụdị mbe nọ n'ihe ize ndụ na-eyi àkwá ha, gụnyere olive ridley (*Lepidochelys olivacea*), green turtle (*Chelonia mydas*), leatherback turtle (*Dermochelys coriacea*), na hawksbill turtle (*Eretmochelys imbricata*). Anụ ndị ọzọ na-akpụ akpụ a hụrụ n'ogige ahụ bụ *iguanas*, na mbe mmiri dị ọcha.

A kọọrọ ihe karịrị ụdị nnụnụ 90 - ma ndị na-agagharị agagharị ma ndị bi na ya, gụnyere nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nnụnụ (*Ardeidae*), cormorants (*Phalacrocoracidae*), pelicans (*Pelecanidae*), ibises (*Threskiornithidae*), plovers, Dotterels, lapwings (*Charadriidae*) na ụdị gull (*Laridae*).  
Ụdị nnụnụ ndị a na-ahụkarị n'ogige ntụrụndụ ahụ mana nke nwere ike ịnọ n'ihe ize ndụ na Guatemala, bụ:

## Ihe odide
Rajendra K. Pachauri

**Rajendra Kumar Pachauri** (20 August 1940 - 13 February 2020) bụ onye isi oche nke Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) site n’afo 2002 ruo afo 2015, n'oge nke anọ na nke ise. N'okpuru idu ndú ya, e nyere IPCC ihe nrite Nobel Peace Prize n’afo 2007 ma nye akụkọ nyocha nke ise, ntọala sayensị nke nkwekọrịta Paris. Ọ nọ n'ọkwa ahụ site n’afo 2002 ruo mgbe ọ gbara arụkwaghịm na Febụwarị nke afo 2015 mgbe ọ na-eche ọtụtụ ebubo nke iyi egwu mmekọahụ ihu. N'ọnwa Machị afọ 2022, a tọhapụrụ ya na ebubo iyi egwu mmekọahụ (Ụlọikpe nke Oge Mgbakwunye na Ụlọikpe Saket).   Hoesung Lee nọchiri anya ya. Pachauri malitere ọrụ ya dịka Chief Executive nke The Energy and Resources Institute n’afo 1981 wee duzie ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ihe karịrị afọ iri atọ wee chụpụ ọrụ ya dị hi onye isi oche nke TERI n’afo 2016. Pachauri, onye a maara n'ụwa niile dịka Patchy, bụ onye a ma ama n'ụwa nile na nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi na iwu, na idu ndú ya nke IPCC nyere aka na nsogbu nke mgbanwe ihu igwe nke mmadụ kpatara na-aghọ ihe a ma ama dịka ihe dị mkpa nke nchegbu zuru ụwa ọnụ.

## Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
A mụrụ Pachauri na Nainital nke obodo India. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na La Martiniere College na obodo Lucknow ya na Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering na Jamalpur, Bihar. Ọ bụ onye Special Class Railway Apprentices nke 1958 Batch, atụmatụ ndị ama ama nke mara ọkwa mmalite nke agụmakwụkwọ injinia ya na nke obodo India. Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na Indian Railways na Diesel Locomotive Works na Varanasi. A nabatara ya na Mahadum North Carolina State dị na Raleigh, United States, ebe ọ nwetara MS na Injinia Ụlọ Ọrụ n’afo 1972, na PhD na co-majors na Injinịa Ụlọ Ọrụ na Economics n’afo 1974. A kpọrọ akwụkwọ edemede doctoral ya A dynamic model for forecasting of electrical energy demand in a specific region located in North and *[[Nleda anyanwu Kàròlina|South Carolina]]*. Ọ bụ onye na-eri akwụkwọ nri, n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'ihi "ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi na mgbanwe ihu igwe".
Nlegharị anya n'ikuku ụwa

thumb|Ihe ngosi nke mmemme Global Atmosphere Watch kemgbe afọ 2012.

Nlegharị anya n'ikuku ụwa  bụ usoro zuru ụwa ọnụ nke World Meteorological Organization - ụlọ ọrụ United Nations  guzobere iji were nyochaa ọnọdụ na ikuku ụwa. O bilitere n'ihi nchegbu maka ọnọdụ ikuku n’oge mgbe 1960s.

## Ọrụ
Ọrụ Nlegharị anya n'ikuku ụwa dị mfe, nke nwere isi ihe atọ dị mkpirikpi:

# Iji mee ka ihe a pụrụ ịdabere na ya, ihe omimi nke kemịkalụ ya na njirimara anụ ahụ ahọpụtara nke ikuku na ụwa na mpaghara uwa niile.
# Iji nye ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ụzọ ha ga-esi buo amụma maka ọnọdụ ikuku n'ọdịniihu;
# Ịhazi nyocha iji kwado ịhazi iwu gburugburu ebe obibi.
Bristol Youth Strike 4 Climate

thumb|Ọgbaghara ihu igwe mbụ nke Bristol, na Febụwarị 2019

**Bristol Youth Strike 4 Climate** (nke a na-akpọ **BYS4C**) bụ otu na-akwado gburugburu ebe obibi nke e guzobere na Febụwarị 2019. na nzaghachi maka mba ụwa Fridays for Future na Youth Strike 4. Ọ bụ otu ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nke ụmụ akwụkwọ nọ n'afọ 14 ruo 24 haziri, otu ahụ ahazila ihu igwe iri dị ka nke Septemba 2020, na-akpọ maka ikpe ziri ezi ihu igwe na ịdọrọ uche gaa na nsogbu ihu igwe na gburugburu ebe obibi.

## Ihe achọrọ
Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ BYS4C, dị ka nke Disemba 2020, na-ekwu ihe ndị a chọrọ:

# Gbaa mbọ hụ na mmetọ ikuku gafee Bristol dị na ma ọ bụ n'okpuru ókè iwu.
# Njem bọs n'efu maka ndị na-erubeghị afọ 18 na ụmụ akwụkwọ.
# Okporo ụzọ ndị mmadụ na-agafe agafe n'etiti obodo ahụ.
# 2021 Ndị na-achọ ịbụ onye isi obodo Bristol ga-enwerịrị atụmatụ oge abụọ maka nnọpụiche carbon nke 2030.
# Mmụba nke ụlọ na iwu doro anya iji hụ na ụlọ ọhụrụ na-agbaso nnọpụiche carbon nke 2030.

## Mgbasawanye ọdụ ụgbọ elu Bristol
N'ọnwa Eprel 2019, otu ahụ malitere mkpọsa megide mgbasawanye ọdụ ụgbọ elu Bristol nke gara n'ihu ruo mgbe North Somerset Council jụrụ ikike nhazi ọdụ ụgbọ elu ahụ na Febụwarị 2020.

## 20 Septemba 2019 Ọgbaghara Ụwa
Na 20 Septemba 2019, BYS4C sonyere na Global Strike 4 Climate nke bụ nnukwu ngagharị iwe ihu igwe n'ụwa niile. Akụkọ na-ekwu na ihe omume ahụ dọtara ìgwè mmadụ 15,000 na nde mmadụ 4 na-eme ngagharị iwe na-aga n'okporo ámá n'ụwa niile.

## 28 Febụwarị 2020 'Greta Thunberg'
N'abalị iri abụọ na asatọ n'ọnwa Febụwarị afọ 2020, otu ahụ ghọrọ naanị otu UK na-eme ngagharị iwe maka ihu igwe iji kwado Greta Thunberg. A haziri ngagharị iwe ahụ n'ihe na-erughị otu izu n'ihi ọkwa dị mkpirikpi, na ihe dịka mmadụ 30,000 sonyeere otu ahụ iji kpọọ maka omume ihu igwe. N'agbanyeghị obere oge nhazi na nchegbu ọha na eze maka nchekwa, ihe omume ahụ gara n'ihu na-enweghị nnukwu ihe merenụ na ndị na-ahazi na-eto ma ndị ọchịchị na ndị otu Greta Thunberg maka ikike ha nwere ịkwado nnukwu mmemme na obere ihe onwunwe.. Ngagharị iwe ahụ kpatara esemokwu ụfọdụ ka College Green, ebe ngagharị iwe ahụ, ghọrọ apịtị n'ihi oke ụkwụ na ọnọdụ ihu igwe mmiri. Otú ọ dị, n'agbanyeghị nkwupụta na Bristol City Council ga-akwụ ụgwọ iji dochie ahịhịa na ibe GoFundMe malitere ikpuchi ụgwọ ndị a, ahịhịhịa ahụ bilitere n'ime otu izu n'enweghị ntinye aka.

## Edensibia
Njikọ Ọhịa Ụwa

Global Forest Coalition (GFC) bụ **njikọ** aka nke NGO na ndị otu ụmụ amaala na-etinye aka na arụmụka iwu zuru ụwa ọnụ metụtara ọhịa.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ndị otu iri na itoolu sitere n'akụkụ ụwa niile hiwere Global Forest Coalition na 2000. Ọ na-aga nke ọma na netwọk nkịtị nke Forest Working Group, bụ nke e guzobere na 1995 iji kwado maka ikpe ziri ezi nke ọha na eze na ihe ndị na-akpata ọnwụ nke ọhịa ka a ga-atụle na arụmụka amụma oke ọhịa nke mba ụwa. Simone Lovera na-eje ozi ugbu a dị ka onye isi nchịkwa nke Coalition.

## Ihe mgbaru ọsọ na ọrụ
Ebumnuche nke Global Forest Coalition bụ ịkwado ikike nke ndị na-adabere n'oké ọhịa dị ka ihe ndabere maka amụma ọhịa na ikwu okwu kpọmkwem na ihe na-akpata igbutu osisi na mmebi ọhịa. Iji mee nke a, njikọ aka ahụ na-akwado ikere òkè dị irè na nke ziri ezi nke otu ndị a na amụma ụwa maka ihe metụtara oke ohia ma na-enyocha mmejuputa iwu nkwekọrịta kwadoro. Ebumnuche atọ bụ isi nke njikọ aka ahụ bụ Nzukọ Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu na oke ọhịa, Nkwekọrịta Framework on Climate Change na Convention on Biological Diversity.

## Òtù Na-arụ Ọrụ n'Ọhịa
The Forest Working Group bụ netwọk na-abụghị nke 15-20 NGO guzobere na 1995, tupu Global Forest Coalition. Ọ gụnyere NGO sitere na mpaghara niile na-ekere òkè na nzukọ iwu ọhịa mba ụwa ma hazie mkpọsa nkwado ọnụ na okwu ndị dị ka ikike ụmụ amaala, iwu ọhịa ziri ezi, na ihe kpatara ọnwụ ọhịa.

## Ihe odide
Pink na-ere ọkụ

**Burning Pink**, nke a makwaara dị ka Beyond Politics na nke edebanyere aha na Electoral Commission dị ka **The Burning Pink Party,** bụ òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Britain nke nwere ebumnuche nke mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site na iji dochie gọọmentị Britain na nzukọ ụmụ amaala iji dozie nsogbu ihu igwe na nsogbu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ndị ọzọ.

## Mmalite
Ndị otu ahụ malitere na June 2020 site na izu ohi n'ụlọ ahịa nke ndị otu ahụ si n'alaka ụlọ ahịa Sainsbury dị na Camden Town, London na trolleys na-ere ahịa jupụtara na nri n'akwụghị ụgwọ.

Na 25 Julaị 2020, ọtụtụ ndị otu pati ahụ ji okporo ụzọ gburugburu Trafalgar Square na London, jide ọkọlọtọ na-ekwu "weta gọọmentị".

N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ, e jidere ọtụtụ ndị otu ahụ maka ịwakpo isi ụlọ ọrụ ndị Conservatives, Labour, Lib Dems na Green Party na ágbá na-acha pinki n'ihi enweghị ọrụ ha iji dozie nsogbu ihu igwe.

Ka e mesịrị n'ọnwa ahụ, e jidere ndị otu ise gụnyere Roger Hallam n'ụlọ ha maka ịkpa nkata imebi mpụ. E debere ha n'ụlọ mkpọrọ ruo na njedebe nke oge a haziri ahazi nke ọtụtụ ìgwè gburugburu ebe obibi, gụnyere Extinction Rebellion. Ndị otu ise ahụ niile gara ngagharị iwe agụụ ozugbo iji mee mkpesa maka ịtụ ha mkpọrọ.

Na Jenụwarị 2021, ndị otu ahụ chọrọ ka ndị kansụl ime obodo sọpụrụ nkwupụta ọnọdụ mberede ihu igwe ha iji mee ihe na ndakpọ gburugburu ebe obibi na ndakpọ mmekọrịta ọha na eze, ma ọ bụ na ha ga-amalite mkpọsa nke nnupụisi obodo na-adịghị mma na mba niile.. N'ime ihe iri na abụọ ha chọrọ, Burning Pink kpọrọ ndị kansụl ime obodo ka ha kwupụta nnupụisi megide gọọmentị. N'abalị iri na ise n'ọnwa Febụwarị, ndị otu Burning Pink na-eji ágbá na-acha pinki emebi Norwich City Council na Norfolk County Council, Ipswich Borough Council, Bristol City Hall na Brighton Town Hall.

## Ọnọdụ na aha otu
Iwu nke pati ahụ na-ekwu "A ga-edebanye aha pati ahụ na Great Britain (ewepu Northern Ireland)."

A kwadoro akwụkwọ nke pati ahụ maka ndebanye aha na ndekọ nke ndị otu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke Electoral Commission, iji debanye aha "The Burning Pink Party", iji tinye akwụkwọ na "All of Great Britain", na 7 Ọktoba 2020.

Beyond Politics Ltd bụ ụlọ ọrụ edebanyere aha na Ụlọ Ọrụ (no. 12659497), webatara na 10 June 2020;  Weebụsaịtị ndị otu ahụ kwuru na "Burning Pink bụ aha anyị na-ere ahịa na-anọchite anya Beyond Politics Party Ltd".

## A na-asọ mpi maka ntuli aka
Valerie Brown guzoro dị ka onye na-azọ ọkwa Burning Pink maka ntuli aka onye isi obodo London nke 2021. Brown malitere mkpọsa ya na 13 Nọvemba 2020. Brown mechiri n'ọnọdụ nke 20 n'ime ndị 20 na-azọ ọkwa, nweta votu 5,305 (0.2%). Rachel Lunnon guzoro dị ka onye nnọchiteanya nke pati ahụ na mpaghara Windmill Hill, Bristol, na-enweta votu 90 (0.9%). Sue Hagley na Jennifer McCarthy guzoro dị ka ndị na-azọ ọkwa maka ngalaba St Margaret na Westgate n'otu n'otu na ntuli aka Ipswich Borough Council nke 2021.
Dave Baldwin guzoro maka Oxfordshire County Council maka Hanborough na Minster Lovell Division, na Tina Smith guzoro maka Suffolk County Council maka St Margaret na Westgate Division.

## Edensibia e

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
Ihe Omume Mmepe Ọhịa

Green Development Initiative (GDI) bu n'obi guzobe ebe ahịa ọhụrụ maka njikwa odida obodo na-adigide. Dịka isi nzọụkwụ mbụ ọ hiwela Platform for Verified Conservation Areas (VCAs) nke gụnyere ndebanye aha n'ịntanetị, ọkọlọtọ na ngwa ngwa ọkọlọtọ dabere na ebumnobi na ụzọ nke Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

## Nhazi

### Kọmitii Na-eduzi
Kọmitii na-ahụ maka GDI bụ mba ụwa na-agụnye ndị nnọchiteanya sitere na Gọọmenti Netherlands na Switzerland, ụlọ ọrụ nzuzo na ndị NGO. Ọrụ ya bụ ịtọ ntụzi aka n'ozuzu nke Initiative na nyochaa mmemme ọrụ ya.

### Ọfịs GDI
Earthmind nwere ọfịs maka GDI na IUCN Conservation Centre na Switzerland. Otu ìgwè ndị ndụmọdụ ọkachamara na ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ. Isi ego na-abịa site na Gọọmentị nke Netherlands na Switzerland.

## Nzọụkwụ nke Mbụ: GDM 2010 Initiative
GDM 2010 Initiative malitere na 2009 na ebumnuche nke iwebata mkparịta ụka banyere usoro ego ọhụrụ maka ụdị dị iche iche na Nzukọ nke 10 nke Ndị otu (COP 10).  Nzukọ ahụ mere n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2010 na Nagoya, Japan. Ebumnuche nke Initiative bụ ịchọpụta ohere nke iguzobe usoro mba ụwa nke ga-abụ nke afọ ofufo, nke doro anya na nke na-aza ajụjụ iji nweta ego ndị ọzọ site na ngalaba onwe maka ụdị dị iche iche. N'oge Nzọụkwụ 1, e mere mkparịta ụka dị ukwuu.

## Nzọụkwụ nke Abụọ: Green Development Initiative
N'ịgbaso mkparịta ụka ndị dugara na CBD COP10 n'ọnwa Ọktoba afọ 2010, a malitere usoro ọhụrụ iji mepụta ma dee ederede maka usoro mmepe akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ. Ebumnuche nke Green Development Initiative (GDI) bụ iguzobe ụkpụrụ dị iche iche na atụmatụ asambodo maka njikwa ala nke ga-eme ka nkwado ego maka nchekwa na mmepe dị n'ala.

N'ọtụtụ ụzọ, GDI nwere otu echiche ahụ dị ka Green Economy Initiative (GEI) nke UNEP, nke bụ "ọrụ e mere iji kwupụta na ịta ahịhịa ndụ nke akụ na ụba abụghị ibu arọ maka uto kama ọ bụ injin ọhụrụ maka uto, ọrụ, na mbelata nke ịda ogbenye na-aga n'ihu n'ụwa niile". N'ihe banyere nke a, GDI na-ezube ịkwado nsonaazụ dị mma nke ụdị dị iche iche n'ihe gbasara nchekwa na mmepe maka mpaghara akọwapụtara.

## Nzọụkwụ nke Atọ: VCA Platform
Nzọụkwụ nke atọ bụ mmejuputa nke GDI.  Nzọụkwụ nke atọ guzobere GDI Office na IUCN Conservation Centre ma malite Platform for Verified Conservation Areas (VCAs).

## Nzukọ ndị ọkachamara GDI
Kemgbe afọ 2009, e nweela Nzukọ Ndị ọkachamara GDI 5 iji nyochaa ma nyochaa mmepe nke ụzọ ọhụrụ iji kwado nchekwa dị iche iche. Ihe ndị a mere na Netherlands (2009), Indonesia (2010), Kenya (2011), Brazil (2012), na Switzerland (2013).

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Green Development Initiative (GDI)
* GDM 2010 Initiative
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ VCA
* Ngwá Ọrụ VCA
* Ihe onwunwe ego na usoro CBD
Green Film Network

**Green Film Network** bụ njikọ mba ụwa nke mmemme ihe nkiri gburugburu ebe obibi ma guzobe ya iji kwado ọrụ nke ndị na-eme ihe nkiri mba ụwa ma kwalite ihe nkiri na-eme ka a mara banyere isiokwu gburugburu ebe obibi.

## Ihe nrite Green Film Network
Onyinye GFN kwa afọ na-asọpụrụ ihe nkiri gburugburu ebe obibi kacha akpali akpali ma na-emetụta nke afọ gara aga, na-enyocha okwu ndị dị oke mkpa dị ka ihu igwe, nri, ike, anụ ọhịa na oke osimiri. A na-ahọpụta ihe nkiri site na mmemme ihe nkiri mba ụwa 30 na-elekwasị anya n'ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi, ndị juri mba ụwa na-ahọpụta ndị meriri. A na-akwado mmemme inye onyinye n'otu n'ime mmemme ndị otu GFN, na-atụgharị kwa afọ.

N'ọnwa Febụwarị 2014, netwọk ahụ nyere onyinye nturu ugo Green Film Network Award dị ka onyinye mba ụwa ọhụrụ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ gburugburu ebe obibi kacha mma nke afọ. Enyere onye na-ese ihe nkiri Reuben Aaronson onyinye mbụ GFN maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Amazon Gold n'oge mmemme mmeghe nke Fife Île-de-France (International Environmental Film Festival) na Paris na February 4.

N'afọ 2018, ewepụtara ihe nrite maka Best Green Short.

Ihe nrite 2020 gụnyere emume ngosi pụrụ iche na Eprel 28, 2021, nke mere n'ịntanetị n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19 na-aga n'ihu. A họpụtara ihe nkiri 43 sitere na mba 25. E nyekwara onyinye pụrụ iche maka otu oge maka Best Film of the Decade 2010-2020.

### Ihe Osise Kasị Mma

* 2020 - *Anthropocene*: The Human Epoch nke Jennifer Baichwal, Edward Burtynsky, na Nicholas de Pencier duziri
* 2019 - Ghost Fleet nke Shannon Service na Jeffrey Waldron duziri
* 2018 - Jenesis 2.0 nke Christian Frei na Maxim Arbugaev duziri
* 2017 - *24 Snow* nke Mikhail Barynin duziri (onye mmeri)
* 2017 - *Plastic China* nke Jiu-liang Wang duziri (onye mmeri)
* 2016 - Landfill Harmonic nke Brad Allgood na Graham Townsley duziri
* 2015 - La Mujer y el Agua nke Nocem Collado duziri
* 2014 - Amazon Gold nke Reuben Aaronson duziri

### Akpụkpọ Akpụkpọ Akwụkwọ Kasị Mma

* 2020 - All Inclusive nke Corina Schwingruber Ilić duziri (onye mmeri)
* 2020 - *Kofi na Lartey* nke Sasha Rainbow duziri (onye mmeri jikọrọ aka)
* 2019 - Lost World nke Kalyanee Mam duziri
* 2018 - Water Warriors nke Michael Premo duziri

### Ihe nkiri Green Kasị Mma nke Afọ Iri

* 2020 - Racing Extinction nke Louie Psihoyos duziri

### GFN Award Host Festivals

* 2020 - Mbipụta n'ịntanetị (n'ihi ọrịa COVID-19)
* 2019 - CineEco, Seia, Portugal
* 2018 - San Francisco Green Film Festival, San Francisco, USA
* 2017 - Planet in Focus Film Festival, Toronto, Canada
* 2016 - Emume ihe nkiri gburugburu ebe obibi nke Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
* 2015 - EcoZine Film Festival, Zaragoza, Spain
* 2014 - Emume Ihe nkiri nke Mba Nile, Paris, France

## Ihe odide

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Green Film Network
GMS Environment Operations Center

Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Environment Operations Center (EOC) hiwere na mbido 2006 ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ na-ekpochapụ ozi na ihe ọmụma maka njikwa gburugburu ebe obibi na Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) na ọ bụ ya na-ahụ maka ịkwado mmejuputa GMS n'oge na nke ọma. Mmemme gburugburu ebe obibi (CEP). EOC ga-arụkwa ọrụ dị ka onye odeakwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ na gburugburu ebe obibi (WGE), na-eweghara ọrụ nkwado, dị ka ịhazi na ijide nzukọ WGE, ịhazi ọrụ WGE, ịkọ akụkọ nye WGE, na ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke ndị Asia rụrụ na mbụ. Ụlọ akụ Development (ADB).

## Ihe ndị mejupụtara ya
GMS Core Environment Program (CEP) nwere ihe ise: 

* Akụkụ 1. Nnyocha Gburugburu Ebe Obibi (SEAs) nke GMS Economic Corridors na Priority Sectors
* Akụkụ 2. Biodiversity Conservation Corridors Initiative (BCI)
* Akụkụ nke 3. Nnyocha arụmọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi (EPAs)
* Akụkụ nke 4. Ụlọ ọrụ maka Nchịkwa Gburugburu Ebe Obibi
* Akụkụ 5. Mmepe mmemme, nnyefe na ego na-adịgide adịgide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ '''GMS Environment Operations Center'''
* GMS Environment Operations Center na Asian Development Bank
* "GMS Environment Ministers Na-achọ Ego A Na-agbakwunye iji Lụso Mgbanwe ihu igwe ọgụ" isiokwu na Port of Entry, Jenụwarị 2008
Green Cross International

**Green Cross International** bụ òtù na-ahụ maka gburugburu ebe obibi nke nwere isi na Geneva, Switzerland, nke onye bụbu onye ndú Soviet bụ Mikhail Gorbachev guzobere na 1993. Taa, òtù ndị otu dị na mba iri atọ. Ebumnuche ya bụ "ịzaghachi ihe ịma aka jikọtara ọnụ nke nchekwa, ịda ogbenye, na mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi iji hụ na ọdịnihu na-adịgide adịgide ma dị nchebe".

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Green Cross International bụ onye bụbu onye ndu Soviet Mikhail Gorbachev tọrọ ntọala na 1993, na-ewulite n'ọrụ nke Nzukọ Ụwa nke 1992 malitere na Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Na 6 June 1992, Rio Earth Summit ndị nnọchiteanya jụrụ Gorbachev ka o guzobe Green Cross International, na n'otu oge ahụ, Switzerland National Council MP Roland Wiederkehr tọrọ ntọala "World Green Cross", nwere ụdị ebumnuche. Otu abụọ a jikọtara na 1993, ghọrọ Green Cross International, nke ewepụtara na Kyoto, Japan, na 18 Eprel 1993.

Na 1994, Green Cross National Organisation (GCNOs) nke mbụ sonyeere GCI na The Hague, gụnyere Japan, Netherlands, Russian Federation, Switzerland, na United States.

## Ọrụ
Echiche mbụ ahụ chepụtara otu mba ụwa iji nyere mba ndị nwere nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi aka.

Ebumnuche nke nzukọ ahụ bụ:

* "N'ịzaghachi ihe ịma aka nke nchekwa, ịda ogbenye, na mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi iji hụ na ọdịnihu na-adịgide adịgide ma dị nchebe";
* "Na-akwalite ụkpụrụ iwu, ụkpụrụ omume na omume nke na-ahụ maka mgbanwe ndị dị mkpa na ụkpụrụ, omume, na àgwà nke gọọmentị, ngalaba onwe, na ọha mmadụ, dị mkpa iji zụlite obodo zuru ụwa ọnụ";
* "Nkwado na mgbochi na ngwọta nke esemokwu ndị na-esite na mmebi gburugburu ebe obibi"; na
* "Nye enyemaka nye ndị mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi nke agha, esemokwu na ọdachi ndị mmadụ kpatara".

## Mmekọrịta ya na òtù ndị ọzọ
Òtù ndị ọzọ nwere njikọ na GCI na mba 30.

GCI nwere ọnọdụ ndị a:

* Òtù ndụmọdụ maka Kansụl Na-ahụ Maka Akụnụba na Ọha na Eze nke Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu
* Òtù ndụmọdụ maka UNESCO
* Òtù na-ekiri ihe na United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
* Òtù na-ekiri ihe na Nzukọ nke Ndị Sụrụ na Nkwekọrịta Mba Ndị Dị n'Otu iji lụso Ọzara ọgụ
* Nkwado na UN Environment Programme / UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Environmental Emergencies Section
* Imekọ ihe ọnụ na UN-HABITAT
* Imekọ ihe ọnụ na òtù mba ụwa ndị ọzọ

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
* Green Cross Australia
* Green Cross United Kingdom
Earth Embassy

The Earth Embassy bụ otu na-adịgide adịgide, ụlọ na azụmaahịa gburugburu ebe obibi raara onwe ya nye ịzụlite, iwu na ịkwalite ụlọ na obodo dị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi nke na-elekwasị anya na ugbo organic, ike na-agbanwe agbanwe na obere ụlọ ọrụ azụmaahịa.

A tọrọ ntọala ya na Mt Fuji, Japan, n'ihe dị ka afọ 2000, otu ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche na Japan na mba ofesi na ọfịs na Tokyo, Yamanashi, New York City na Uganda.

## Ọrụ
"Ụlọ ọrụ Embassy Ụwa na-akwado ma na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche na azụmahịa na ebumnuche maka ndị sonyere na ndị ọrụ ka ha nwee ike zuru oke ma nwee ike itolite onwe ha.".

* Solar Cafe & Farm - na-akwalite ọrụ ugbo na-adịgide adịgide site na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ, mmemme agụmakwụkwọ ugbo maka ụmụaka, ihe omume, agbamakwụkwọ "Natural" na mmemme ndị na-arụ ọrụ. Ụlọ akwụkwọ ugbo ahụ na-enye ala, ihe onwunwe na ọzụzụ maka ndị ọrụ ugbo na-amalite.
* Eden Homes Y.K. - edebanyere aha na 2006 dị ka ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ihe owuwu na ụlọ maka mmepe ụlọ. Ọrụ gụnyere: Shojiko Kominka antique home restorations, Saiko Solar Lodges, Aquaponics Greenhouse, wdg.
* Jajja's Kids - na-akwado ụmụaka nọ n'okporo ámá Ugandan site n'ịchịkọta ego na inye nri, ebe obibi, ọzụzụ ọrụ aka, ntụziaka na ịhụnanya.
* Ugbo Ugbo Ugwu Fuji - nri niile sitere n'okike, mmiri na ngwaahịa ndị sitere n'ihe ndị dị ndụ.

## Onyinye

* 2011 Ọfịs nke Praịm Minista - Onyinye Mmepe Azụmaahịa:"Sustainable Development Education Program for Rural Japan"
* 2010 Eco Cup Japan - Outstanding Design Award: "The Aquaponic Home: Domestic Food Production System"
* 2010 Onye guzobere, Jacob Reiner "The Entrepreneur Award Japan" (TEAJ) nke US Ambassador John V. Roos gosipụtara: EMI Award; Entrepreneur Mentorship Initiative. Ndị US State Dept. na Japan Gaimushou kwadoro

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Embassy nke Ụwa
UDDS

**UDDS** naanọchite anya Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule, ma naezo aka na ule dynamometer nke United States Environmental Protection Agency nyere iwu na akụ na ụba mmanụ ụgbọala nke naanọchi anya ọnọdụ ịkwọ ụgbọala obodo nke a naeji maka nnwale ụgbọ ala dị mfe.

A makwaara ya dị ka U.S. FTP-72 (Federal Test Procedure), LA-4 cycle, na Sweden dị ka *A10* ma ọ bụ CVS (Constant Volume Sampler) cycle na Australia dị ka ADR 27 (Australian Design Rules).

Ọ bụ ezie na e mepụtara ya na mbụ dị ka ebe a naatụle ụgbọ ala ndị naeji mmanụ ala eme ihe, a naejikwa ya nye atụmatụ maka kilomita ole ụgbọ ala eletrik gaaga na otu ụgwọ.

## Hụkwa

* Usoro ịkwọ ụgbọala FTP-75
* National Vehicle Fuel and Emissions Laboratory (NVFEL)

## Ihe odide
Kansụl Ụlọ Ahịa

Otu kansụl ụlọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ (GBC) bụ mba ọ bụla anaghị akwụ ụgwọ, ọgbakọ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ nke bụ akụkụ nke netwọkụ zuru ụwa ọnụ nke World Green Building Council ghọtara. Ebumnuche nke kansụl ụlọ akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ bụ ịkwalite mgbanwe nke gburugburu ebe obibi wuru na nke ga-adigide (ụlọ na obodo ndị nwere mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi, nke nwere ike ịba uru n'ụzọ akụ na ụba, ọha na eze na omenala).

## Ndepụta nke GBC ndị a ma ama
Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Disemba 2020, e nwere ma ọ dịkarịa ala mba iri atọ na itoolu nwere GBCs, iri a ghọtara dị ka ndị otu "na-apụta", na ndị ọzọ na usoro mmepe. Ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha afọ 2020, e nwere  dị ka GBC 70 n'oge dị iche iche nke mmepe.

The Green Building Council Russia (RuGBC) guzobere na 2009 ma na-achọ ọnọdụ na-apụta. [citation needed] Uto na mba CIS na-eso uto na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrụ owuwu akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na mba ndị ahụ, ya bụ, ndị a kwadoro na LEED [citation mkpa] ma ọ bụ ọkọlọtọ BREEAM.

Kansụl iri atọ na itoolu e guzobere bụ
 

## Hụkwa

* Ihe owuwu na-adịgide adịgide
* Obodo Na-adịgide Adịgide

## Ihe odide
Nnyocha kachasị njọ

Usoro **nyocha kachasị njọ** bụ nke US Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) wepụtara na 1979. Iwu ahụ bụ otu nime ọtụtụ ndị naetinye nọrụ Iwu Iwu Gburugburu Ebe Obibi nke Mba nke 1969 ma ọ naakọwa usoro iwu nke ụlọ ọrụ gọọmentị US gaagbaso mgbe ha naeche oghere ihu na ozi dị mkpa ma ọ bụ ejighị naka sayensị banyere mmetụta ọjọọ dị ukwuu na gburugburu ebe obibi site na nnukwu ọrụ gọọmentụ etiti.

## Nkọwa
Iwu ahụ chọrọ ka ụlọ ọrụ mara mgbe ọ naeche oghere ihu na ozi dị mkpa ma ọ bụ ejighị naka sayensị. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gaekpebi ma ozi ahụ furu efu ọ dị mkpa maka nhọrọ ezi uche dị na ya netiti nhọrọ ndị ọzọ. Mgbe ozi furu efu bụ ihe dị na mkpebi ahụ ụlọ ọrụ gaenwetakarị ozi ahụ ma tinye ya na nkwupụta mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi (EIS). Ọ bụrụ na ụzọ iji nweta ozi furu efu karịrị ọnọdụ nke nka ma ọ bụ nụzọ ọzọ ma ọ bụrụ na ego inweta ya karịrị akarị ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gaakwadebe **nyocha kachasị njọ**. Nime nyocha a, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gaatụle mkpa ọ dị ime ihe megide ihe ize ndụ na nihu ejighị naka. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gaegosikwa ohere ma ọ bụ ihe naagaghị ekwe omume nke ihe kachasị njọ.

## Ihe odide
Edemede a gụnyere ihe gbasara ọha sitere na webụsaịtị ma ọ bụ dọkụmentị nke Gọọmenti United States.