open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Sergei Bongart

Serhii Romanovich Bongart ( Ukrainian  ; 1918–1985) bụ onye ihe ọrụ America.  A na-enwe njikọ na Bongart maka ndị na-ekiri ya mara mma na nke na- na-enyere ekiri ya, ndụ ndụ na ụzọ ya .  A mara ya nke ọma dị ka onye na-agba agba, na-arụ ọrụ na agba agba agba, na-eji siri dị ike ma jiri ike na-achịkwa ma na-ebuli, ọma nke ịbịaru dị ka "agba mbụ,  isiokwu ikpeazụ. 

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Bongart na Kyiv na Ukraine . Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ nka na Kyiv, Prague, Vienna na Munich, tupu ọ kwaga United States na 1948. Bongart biri afọ isii na Memphis, Tennessee, ebe onye nkwado ya.

## Ọrụ
Na 1954 Bongart kwagara Los Angeles ebe o hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ nka.  Ọ ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe na-eto bụ ndị mechara bụrụ onye ma ama, ndị na-ese ihe nkiri America na-achịkọta mba-n'etiti ha: Peter Liashkov, Del Gish, Sunny Apinchapong, Ron Lukus,  Rulon Hacking, Melinda Miles, Patricia LeGrande Bongart, Susan Greaves, James Dudley.  Slay, Don Sahli, Ted Pressett, George Phillips, na Ovanes Berberian, S.Burkett Kaiser

Na 1969 o hiwere ụlọ akwụkwọ nka na Idaho.  O biri ọkara afọ na Santa Monica, California na ọkara nke ọzọ na nso Rexburg, Idaho .  Ọtụtụ n'ime nka ya na- ntọala ime obodo nke chetaara ya ala nna ya.  Izu ole na ole tupu ọnwụ ya Bongart ikike ikpeazụ site n'aka otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ ya.  Nke ahụ mere n'otu ụlọ ọgwụ dị nso na Geneva dị na Switzerland, bụ ebe mmetụta dị, iji ire cell ndụ ya.  Nwa akwụkwọ a bụ Guido Frick, onye na-ese ihe si Jamanị.  Ọ na-echeta ncheta ya: "Ịhụ Sergei n'àkwà ụlọ ọgwụ a bụ ihe na-agbawa obi. Ọ bụ ọkara nwoke ahụ m zutere ụnwaanyị ole na ole gara aga na ogbako Idaho ikpeazụ ya. Ọ bụ onye na-esighị ike na  onye na-esighi ike, ọ naghị enwe ike ibili ogwe aka ya ifegharị m ka m bata  iko ibe anyị.

A na- onye ọrụ Bongart na ụlọ ngosi ihe ochie mgbe a ma ama, ma nna ukwu ọtụtụ ihe nrite, 1982 Gold Medal site na National Cowboy Hall of Fame maka isiokwu isiokwu ya bụ "Oge mgbede mmirika."  Na 1968, a mgbaàmà ya na National Academy of Design dị ka onye otu mmekọ. 

Enwere akwụkwọ atọ edere gbasara Bonart:

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## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Serhii Bongart: ndetu na eserese
* Jeffrey Morseburg
Edward Borein

Edward Borein (1872 – 1945) bu onye America etcher na onye na-ese ihe si California.  Ihe osise ya Spanish Colonial California, Old West, na Mexico.

## Ndụ mbido
Akwụkwọ Borein na 1872 na San Leandro, California.  [1] Nna nna ya bụ "otu n'ime ndị na-agba agha a ma ama na Alta California", na nna ya ọrụ maka Sheriff nke Alameda County. 

Borein tolitere dị ka vaquero na Jesus Maria Rancho (nke e mechara mara dị ka Camp Cooke).  [1] [2] Ọ okpomọkụ nkà na New York City, ebe ọ kpọ enyi na Will Rogers, na na Paris.  [1] [2] A ụlọ ya nke ọma dị ka onye na-ese ihe. 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| ''Nchaji Hawk'' nke Borein, 1920.

## Ọrụ
Borein malitere ọrụ ya dị ka nwa ehi na 1893.   Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ala ahụ afọ iri abụọ. 

Borein ekiri onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ihe, wee sị ụlọ ihe nkiri na El Paseo, Santa Barbara, California, na 1921. [1] Ọ kuziri etching na Santa Barbara School of Arts .  [2] Ụbọchị nka bụ ihe ngosi nka nka ụdị ndụ ahụ.  [3] Ọ pịa ihe nkiri nke Spanish Colonial California, ndị edemede ọrụ Spanish .  [4] ndepụta ọzọ bụ Old West, ụmụ amaala America na ndị na-agba ehi.  [4] nkeji nke bụ nke ihe ọrụ ike na 1932 Summer Olympics . 

Borein ụzọ na-enwe ọbụbụenyi ya na Will Rogers, bụ enyi Charles Marion Russell, onye na-ese ihe ochie nke West West si Montana.  Dị ka The Los Angeles Times si kwuo, "Ndị atọ ahụ kpụrụ a triumvirate bụ ndị na-agụ na foto na-eme ifo West tupu ụbọchị nke fences." 

## Ndụ nke onwe, ọnwụ na ihe nketa
Borein lụrụ Lucile Maxwell na 1921.  Ha biri na Santa Barbara, California. 

Borein nwụrụ n'ihi nkụchi obi na Mee 19, 1945, na Santa Barbara, mgbe ọ dị afọ 72. [1] [2] [3] E egwu ụfọdụ ụzọ ya na ihe ọrụ ya n'ihu ihe mgbe ochie nke Santa.  Barbara's Edward Borein Gallery.  [4] Na 1971, a kpọbatara ya n'ime ndị ọchịchị nke Great Westerners nke National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum. . 

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

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## Ntụaka
Lincoln Borglum

James Lincoln de la Mothe Borglum (Eprel 9, 1912 – Jenụarị 27, 1986) bụ onye ọkpụkpụ America, onye na-ese foto, ode akwụkwọ na injinia ;  a mara ya nke ọma maka ilekọta mmecha nke Ugwu Rushmore mgbe onye ndu ọrụ ahụ nwụsịrị, nna ya, Gutzon Borglum, na 1941. Otu n'ime ọrụ ya kacha mara amara, bust nke nna ya, na- na-enye na ndụ Lincoln Borglum Visitors.  Center na Ugwu Rushmore.  

## Ndụ na ọrụ
Akpọorọ aha onye isi ala nna ya kacha ike, Abraham Lincoln, ma isi ya n'etiti aha ya, Lincoln Borglum bụ nwa mbụ nke Gutzon Borglum na ozi nke abụọ, Mary Montgomery Williams (1874–1955).  N'oge ahụmahụ ya, Lincoln so nna ya gaa Black Hills nke South Dakota ma malite mgbe a na-achọta isiokwu maka Ugwu Rushmore.  Ọ bụ ebe ahụ o bu ụzọ mee ihe injinia na Mahadum Virginia, Lincoln Borglum mmụta ọrụ ọrụ na ihe ahụ na 1933 mgbe ọ dị afọ 21 dị ka ihe nrịbama akwụkwọ enweghị.

Ọ kwagara ngwa ngwa n'ọtụtụ ọrụ ndị ka mkpa. E tinyere ya n'akwụkwọ ndekọ ego na 1934, kwalite ya ka ọ bụrụ osote onye na-ese ihe na 1937, ma kwalite ya ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta na 1938 na ụgwọ ọnwa nke $4,800 kwa afọ.  

Gutzon Borglum nke nta ka ọ mechaa isi 60-ụkwụ nke ndị isi anọ ( Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln na T. Roosevelt ) mgbe ọ nwụrụ [1] na Machị 6, 1941. Lincoln Borglum ga-ahapụ ọrụ dị egwu nke nna ya.  iji mee ka ọrụ ahụ gbadaa na-agụnye isi nke ndị isi na mgbasa n'ihi akara ego;  ọ hụrụ ihe ahụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na ọnọdụ arụcha nke ọ ruru n'okpuru nna ya. 

A họpụtara Borglum onye nlekọta mbụ nke Ugwu Rushmore National Memorial wee malite ọrụ na Ọktoba 1, 1941. Ọrụ na ihe ncheta ahụ kwụsịrị na October 31, 1941. Ọ jere ozi n'ọrụ ahụ ruo Mee 15, 1944. 

Borglum gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Ugwu Rushmore.  O kere ọtụtụ ọrụ ndịrechi maka ụka dị na Texas, ụlọ ụlọ arụsị ama nke Nwanyị Nwanyị Loreto dị na Goliad .  O dekwara akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ ihe ọkpụkpụ nke Ugwu Rushmore. 

Borglum bụ onye otu Battle River Masonic Lodge No. 92 na Hermosa, South Dakota .  [1] Dị ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ikom na-arụ ọrụ na Rushmore oru ngo, Borglum akpa ume na-adịgide ndụ site na iku ume na granite uzuzu akwụkwọ na mgbawa.  Ọ nwụrụ na Corpus Christi, Texas, mgbe ọ dị afọ 73. 

## Ọrụ ahọpụtara

* *Ugwu Nna M* (1965)
* *Nrọ Borglum na-emechabeghị* (nke ya na June Culp Zeitner dere, 1976)
* *Ugwu Rushmore: Akụkọ dị n'azụ ihe nkiri ahụ* (1977)

## Ntụaka


## Njikọ mpụga

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Richard Bosman

Richard Bosman ( mmalite 1944) bụ onye omenkà America, onye nkuzi na onye na-ese ihe.  A mara Bosman nke ọma maka ike na akara ya.  Ọrụ ya na-alụ na mpụ, njem, na ihe oyiyi;  ime obodo America;  na fim na ụlọ.  [1] Eji eji ya na mmalite Neo-expressionist nke achọ 1970s na ọhụrụ 1980s.  [2] Bosman bụ onye otu Colab, onye na-ese ihe na New York, mkpokọta ntọala ntọala na 1977, ma sonye na ike nke otu ahụ, "Times Square Show" (1980).  

Eserese na akara mbụ nke Bosman dọtara na ihe ngosi omenala pop nke ime ihe ike na ihunanya, ihe atụ akwụkwọ ifo.  N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, o akwadola osisi ndị na-egosi ọgba aghara egwu oke osimiri, ugwu mgbawa, ihe nkiri Adirondack na ihe onyonyo ndị ọzọ, na--enye ihe onye nkatọ New York Times Roberta Smith sere “ihe na-atọ ụtọ  maka ịsọpụrụ isi” n'ebe ndị ọ na-achị nọ.  N'ịde na Times, Smith kwuru, sị: “Mr.  Ọkpụkpọ̀ nke Bosman na-ekpori ndụ, na-eweta egbochi ma dị ike na mbara osisi, mmiri na ọka osisi na mgbada na-ele anya, ma ndị dị ndụ ma ndị juru eju.  " [1] Ọ na-ebi ma na-arụ ọrụ na Hudson Valley nke New York State.

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Richard Bosman na 1944 na Madras, India (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka Chennai); a zụlitere ya na Egypt na Australia. [1] [2] [3] Nne ya bụ onye Australia, na nna ya bụ onye Dutch ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye isi ụgbọ mmiri.

Bosman gara Bryam Shaw School of Painting and Drawing (nke a na-akpọzi Byam Shaw School of Art ) na London, site na 1964 ruo 1969. [1] Ọ biri na New York City na 1969, na-aga New York Studio School ruo  1971. [2] N' akwụkwọ Studio, ndị nkuzi Bosman iwere Philip Guston na Alex Katz .  Bosman akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture, na Skowhegan, Maine, na 1970.

## Ihe ngosi na mkpokọta
Ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ, e gosipụtala ọrụ Bosman na mba ụwa ma tinye ya n'ọtụtụ nka ọha na nnakọta ihe ngosi nka. N'afọ 1980, Brooke Alexander Gallery dị na New York kwadoro ihe ngosi solo mbụ nke Bosman. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya mgbe niile na Brooke Alexander Gallery site na 1980 ruo 1994; yana na Elizabeth Harris Gallery, New York, site na 2003 ruo 2018.

E gosiwo ihe osise na ike nke Bosman na ihe ngosi solo na The Amon Carter Museum of American Art, Fort Worth, Texas;  Galleria Toselli, Milan;  na William Mora Galleries, Melbourne, Australia;  n'etiti ndị ọzọ.  E ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi na veranda na ụlọ ọrụ Museum of Modern Art, New York;  Onye ọrụ Art Walker, Minneapolis;  ihe ngosi nka nke Whitney nke American Art, New York;  na Brooklyn Museum.

A na-ejide ọrụ Bosman na mkpokọta na-adịgide nke Museum of Modern Art;  [1] Ezi ihe ngosi nka nke Obodo ukwu;  [2] National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC;  [3] Akwụkwọ Nsọ Nationale de France, Paris;  Museo Rufino Tamayo, Mexico City;  Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles ;  [4] Smithsonian American Art Museum;  [5] na ihe ngosi nka nke Whitney . 

## Mbipụta

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## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ilya Bolotowsky

thumb|Ụlọ ihe nkiri nke American Art - Ilya Bolotowsky
Ilya Bolotowsky (July 1, 1907 - Nọvemba 22, 1981) bụ onye na-ese ihe osise Russia-American nke ihe afụ nke 20 n'ụdị na-ahụ na New York City.  Ọrụ ya, usoro maka nkà ihe nkà site na ịdị anya, nakweere cubism na geometric abstraction na onye na-ese Dutch Piet Mondrian na-emetụta ya.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ na ndị nne na nna ndị Juu na St. Petersburg, Russia, Bolotowsky biri na Baku na Constantinople tupu ọ kwaga United States na 1923, bụ ebe o biri na New York City. Ọ gara National Academy of Design . [1] Ọ ghọrọ onye otu a na-akpọ "The Ten Whitney Dissenters" [2] ma ọ bụ nanị " The Ten ", otu ndị na-ese ihe gụnyere Louis Schanker, Adolph Gottlieb, Mark Rothko, Ben-Zion, na Joseph Solman bụ ndị nupụrụ isi megide ike siri ike nke Ụlọ akwụkwọ Academy ma mee ihe ngosi nke onwe 

Onye na-ese ihe Dutch bụ Piet Mondrian [1] [2] [3] na buobu nke De Stijl nwere ike siri ike Bolotowsky, ihe nke okenye nke dị usoro mma na nka anya .  Bolotowsky nakweere ojiji Mondrian jiri iwu geometric kwụ na kwụ yana palette amachibidoro na agba agba na nnɔpụiche..

N'ịbụ onye tụ gaa na abstractions geometric, na 1936 Bolotowsky American Abstract Artists, otu nkwado e ete iji kwalite nke ndị na-ese ihe na-eme ka esemokwu n'etiti onwe ha na ọha na eze.  
thumb| Ilya Bolotowsky (aka ekpe)
thumb| Bolotowsky mural maka ụlọ obibi Williamsburg
Ihe osise Bolotowsky nke 1936 maka Ndị Ozi Ọrụ Williamsburg na Brooklyn [1] bụ otu n'ime ihe ọrụ mbụ a na-ahụ anya nke emere n'okpuru Federal Art Project . 

N'afọ ndị 1960, ọ pụtara ime ụdị a atọ, na-ese vetikal na kwụ ɔtɔ.  Ọrụ Bolotowsky na Mahadum New Mexico na 1970. 

Ihe ngosi ihe ngosi nke mbụ nke Bolotowsky bụ na 1974 na New York City's Guggenheim Museum wee gaa na National Collection of Fine Arts.   

Ndị ọrụ na Anita Shapolsky Gallery na New York City.       

A na-ere ihe ndị ọrụ Bolotowsky na North Carolina Goodwill ụlọ maka $9.99 na Sotheby's na September 2012 maka $34,375. 

## Nkuzi
Bolotowsky kuziri na Black Mountain College site na 1946 ruo 1948. [1] [2] Ndị na-ese ihe bụ Kenneth Noland na Ruth Asawa so na ụmụ akwụkwọ ya.  [3] [4] [5] Ọ ụmụ ụmụ na nkà ọma na Southampton, New York campus nke Long Island University, State University of New York na New Paltz, Mahadum Wisconsin, Whitewater, na Mahadum New Mexico . 

## Nchịkọta

* Gọvanọ Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Art Collection
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Metropolitan 
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke ọgbara ọhụrụ 
* Smithsonian American Art Museum 
* Speed Art Museum

* Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center
* Nchịkọta Hyde

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga
 

* Ndepụta ihe osise nke Ilya Bolotowsky na Smithsonian American Art Museum
* American Abstract Artists
* Ilya Bolotowsky Bio - Findlay gallery
* Vivien Raynor. Ihe osise: Ilya Borotowsky . *New York Times*, Febụwarị 4, 1983
Onye isi Homer

Homer Boss (1882–1956) bụ onye na-ese ihe, onye na-ebi akwụkwọ na onye nkuzi nka dị elu nke anụ Afọ nke 20, nka ọgbara ọhụrụ na America.  [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] Ọ izizi na Henri School of Art na 1909. Boss,Ịdịrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ na 1910 site  n'aka onye nkuzi mbụ ya, Robert Henri, ma ikike de ikike ya akwụkwọ Independent nke Art.  [11] N'ime ndị nyere Boss accolades maka ihe ịga nke ọma nke onwe ha bụ onye a ma ama Brazil modernist Anita Malfatti, na ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị ọrụ ya kacha mma bụ nke e kere n'oge a mgbe ọ nọ n.  okpuru akara ya.  [12] Boss mechara mechara emeghị ihe afọ iri abụọ na Art Student League nke New York ebe ọ hụrụ ihe nkiri, Suzanne Kutka.  Ọ yànkwaara na New York School of Fine and Applied Art (nke e ịhụ mara dị ka Parsons School of Design ) na afọ ole na ole na New York School of Applied Design for Women .  Boss nwere ụlọ ihe nkiri na Santa Cruz, New Mexico maka afọ 25 ndị ​​na-anụ nke ndụ ya, ọ bụkwa n'ebe ahụ ka ọ na-ese ọtụtụ n'ime ala ya ama ama, yana ihe ọrụ nke ndị India America.  

Ihe osise eserese ya pụta n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi, ihe ngosi mbụ Armory Show nke 1913 [1] na 1913 Armory Show 50th Anniversary Exhibition nke 1963. [2] Boss akwụkwọ akwụkwọ abụọ nke onye odee German Waldemar Bonsels : akwụkwọ akụkọ Maya the  Bee (1912) na akwụkwọ ndị okenye na-eto eto Heaven Folk (1915).  [3] Enwere ike ịhụ igbutu osisi ya, ihe onye ọrụ ya na na-acha ala ya n'iche ụlọ ihe ngosi ama ama ihe osise ogologo zuru oke, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, na Chazen Museum of Art [4] na ụlọ ụlọ.  akwụkwọ mahadum nke Wisconsin – Madison na mkpọ osisi na mkpokọta nke ndị eze ihe ngosi nke mba.  [5] ụfọdụ veranda ndị ọzọ na Boss na-arụ ọrụ na mkpokọta ha na-adịgide adịgide egwuregwu Baltimore Museum of Art, [6] Denver Art Museum, [7] Georgia Museum of Art, [8] Hunter Museum of American Art,  [9] Mennello Museum of Art.  American Art, [10] New Mexico Museum of Art, [11] Philadelphia Museum of Art, [12] na National Arts Club . 

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

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## Ntụaka
Tom Bostelle

Tom Bostelle (November 16, 1921 - Febụwarị 17, 2005) bụ onye America na-ese ihe na ọkpụkpụ.

## Ọrụ
Nwa afọ Chester County, Pennsylvania, Bostelle ihe nri nri NC Wyeth sitere na Chester County Art Association mgbe ọ ka dị obere.  Ọ dị Cézanne dị ka nnukwu ihe na ọrụ mbụ ya, ma nwee ike na ọrụ ndị na-ese ihe dị iche dị ka Giacometti, Jackson Pollock na Willem de Kooning. .

Na 1947, o nwere ihe ngosi mbụ nke otu nwoke wee bụrụ onye a ma n'ụdị Andrew Wyeth .  na-ese ihe abụọ ahụ—bụ́ ndị bi ebe kilomita ole na ole—eso ugboro ugboro n’otu ihe nkiri ahụ..

Ọrụ dị na mkpokọta na-adịgide nke National Portrait Gallery Delaware Art Museum na Wilmington, Delaware, West Chester University na West Chester, Pa., Brandywine River Museum na Chadds Ford, Pa.

## Nchịkọta

* Brandywine River Museum - *"Lenape Jesus"* 
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke mba - ihe osise Horace Pippin 
* Delaware Art Museum - ọrụ 32 nke Bostelle gụnyere *"Piece Century" *

## Ntụaka


## Njikọ mpụga

* Tom Bostelle
* Tom Bostelle: Ndụ na ndò
* Delaware Art Museum - Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ nke Abụọ American Art
* Thomas (Theodore) Bostelle na AskArt
Henry Botkin

A mụrụ Henry Botkin (1896-1983) na Boston, Massachusetts, ma bụrụ onye America Modernist nke etiti narị afọ nke jere ozi dị ka Onye isi oche nke Federation of Modern Painters and Sculptors site na 1957 ruo 1961. Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe maka The Saturday Evening Post, Harpers, na The Century Magazine . [1] [2] Botkin bụ nwanne nna na ezigbo enyi nye ndị na-ede egwú, George Gershwin na Ira Gershwin .

## Na-arụ ọrụ
Mgbe ọ ọmụmụ akwụkwọ na Massachusetts College of Art, Botkin kwagara New York City .  Ọka klaas na ịse na ihe atụ na Art Students League of New York wee ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe maka akwụkwọ Harper, The Saturday Evening Post na Century.  N'ọgwụgwụ 1930s Botkin ụzọ ụzọ ya na ụzọ, na-esi na Akwụkwọ Akwụkwọ nke Paris Modernism nke ọ nakweere mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Boston.  [1] A mara Botkin maka ịse ihe nkiri, ndụ ndụ, ndị ala, na ndị isi ojii n'ụzọ ụfọdụ nke ụfọdụ katọrọ maka ihe ezi uche ọha.  Ka ọ na-erule nsọ 1940, ọ tụ tụ gawa na abstraction na na-egosi na collage.  [2] Ọ tolitere egwuregwu na collage na nke 1950s, bụ nke na-achịkwa ọrụ ya ruo n'afọ 1960. [3] Ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke ụlọ ọrụ a anọ: The Artists Equity Association, The American  Abstract Artists, Group 256 Provincetown, na Federation of Modern Painters and Sculptors.  [4] Botkin nyere aka n'ịhazi ihe ngosi mbụ nke ihe onye ọrụ American na-ese ihe na National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo Japan, na 1955. Ọ haziri ire ihe ọrụ ọrụ na iri anọ na Whitney Museum of American Art dị.  na New York, 1959. Botkin kwuru na redio, "Voice of America," ike, na-eduzi ụka panel n'ụdị nile nke mba ahụ, na nkuzi ma ndịere onwe ya na New York, California, na Provincetown, Massachusetts .

## Enyi na George Gershwin
Botkin bụ nwanne nna, ezigbo enyi na onye nkuzi nye Gershwin.  Gershwin chị agwa ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọrụ Botkin, nke ndị mmadụ kwuru dabara na ọnọdụ egwu Gershwin.  Martha Severens dere n' akwụkwọ ya, The Charleston Renaissance, "Mme ịhụnanya dị n'etiti ụmụ nwanne nne abụọ ahụ bụ ihe siri ike, Botkin mekwara ihe ndị ọrụ ndị na-ede egwu Gershwin. A na- akwụkwọ ozi na isiokwu na n'  ụdị  na-ese ihe, na mgbe Gershwin nwụsịrị, o haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ nwanne nna ya na Avery Fisher Hall. . 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga
Marshall Bouldin nke Atọ

Marshall Boldin III (Septemba 6, 1923 – Nọvemba 12, 2012) bụ onye omenkà ihe osise America si steeti Mississippi nke U.S.  Ihe atụ nke eserese mmanụ ya ka a na-ejide ugbu a na mkpokọta nka 400 nke nzuzo yana ọha na United States niile.[1]  Akwụkwọ akụkọ New York Times toro Bouldin n'otu oge dị ka "onye na-ese ihe osise nke ndịda."[1] Boldin ghọrọ onye eserese izizi etinyere na National Portrait Artist Hall of Fame of the Portrait Society of America.. 

A mụrụ Boldin na Dundee, Mississippi, obere obodo na-arụ ọrụ ugbo na mpaghara ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke Mississippi, na nso Osimiri Mississippi . Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ugbo owu ezinụlọ ya ruo mgbe ọ ghọrọ ọkachamara ihe osise eserese n'ime 1950s. [1] Ọ na-ese ihe karịrị mmadụ 800 n'ime ndụ ya niile, gụnyere isiokwu ndị a ma ama dịka Ọkà Okwu nke Ụlọ Nnọchiteanya United States Jim Wright, Mississippi Gọvanọ William Winter, United States Senator John C. Stennis nke Mississippi, Tricia Nixon Cox, Julie Nixon Eisenhower, William Faulkner, Onye ọrụ ụgbọ mmiri Space Shuttle Challenger Ronald McNair, na onye nnọchi anya United States Claude Pepper nke Florida  

Boldin, onye bi na Clarksdale, Mississippi, nwụrụ na St. Francis Hospital na Memphis, Tennessee, na Nọvemba 12, 2012, mgbe ọ dị afọ 89.

## Ntụaka
Douglas Bourgeois

Douglas Bourgeois ( mmalite 1951) bụ onye America na-ese ihe atụ .  A na-akpọ Bourgeois otu n'ime ndị "ọhụụn". 

## Ndụ
Ụlọ Bourgeois na Gonzales, Louisiana wee tolite na St. Amant, Louisiana.  Ọka BFA na Mahadum Louisiana na 1974.  

## Nchịkọta
A na-arụ ọrụ Bourgeois na nchịkọta ndị a:

* Frederick R. Weisman Art Foundation (Los Angeles), 
* Nchịkọta akụkọ ihe mere eme New Orleans ,
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Honolulu, Morris Museum of Art (Augusta, GA),
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke New Orleans ,
* Ogden Museum nke Southern Art (New Orleans),
* Smithsonian American Art Museum (Washington, DC), na
* Ụlọ Ọrụ Ndịda Ebe Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Ụwa maka Art Contemporary (Winston-Salem, NC). 

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* Arthur Roger Gallery, *Douglas Bourgeois*, New Orleans, Arthur Roger Gallery, 1994
* Bourgeois, Douglas, Dan Cameron, Estill Curtis Pennington, David S. Rubin na Jay Weigel, *Baby-boom Daydreams, Art nke Douglas Bourgeois*, New York, Hudson Hills Press, 2003 
* Delehanty, Randolph, *Art na South America, Na-arụ ọrụ site na mkpokọta Ogden*, Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University Press, 1996, p.&nbsp;225.

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Joseph Bowler

Joseph Bowler Jr. (Septemba 4, 1928 - Nọvemba 14, 2016) bụ onye omenka na ihe atụ America. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Joseph Bowler Jr na Septemba 4, 1928. [1] Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe mgbe niile maka mmasị nke magazin Cosmopolitan na akwụkwọ akụkọ ụlọ ụmụ nwanyị [2] na Golden Illustrative Golden Age mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ gasịrị. Na 1958, Bowler nwere ọrịa polio .

Onye Charles E. Cooper Art Studio dị na New York, [1] Bowler ka ikpuchi The Artists' Guild of New York Artist of the Year na 1967. Ihe nrite a bụ ezumike maka Bowler, bụ onye n'etiti 1968 na 1971  Rose Fitzger Kennedy maka ụmụ nwanyị akwụkwọ ikike, na David Eisenhower na-enye Julie maka The Saturday Evening Post .

Akpọrọ Bowler aha na Society of Illustrators Hall of Fame na 1992. 

Joseph Bowler nwụrụ n'ọnụ ya na Hilton Head Island, South Carolina na Nọvemba 14, 2016. Ọ dị afọ 88 

## Ntụaka
Rutherford Boyd

John Rutherford Boyd (1882 – 1951) bụ onye America na ike afọ nke 20, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ihe..

## Ndụ
A mụrụ Boyd na 1882 na Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, wee gaa Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru Thomas Anshutz.

Ọ bụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe ngosi azụmahịa na Filadelfia, ma bụrụ onye isi nka maka akwụkwọ ozi The Ladies' Home Journal site na 1909 ruo 1915. Ọ kwagara New York City ka ọ bụrụ onye nduzi nka maka Magazin Onye ọ llaba  .  Boyd me nkọwa akwụkwọ ahụ n'okpuru ọchịchị Howard Wheeler, mana oge abụọ ha na onye ọ gbakwunye dị.  [1] Boyd mechara ọrụ dị ka onye nduzi nka na Squibb & Company (ugbu a Bristol-Myers Squibb ).  [2] Ọ gara klaas mgbede na Art Students League of New York.

Ụbọchị ihe atụ ya na nke akara ngosi mba, The Saturday Evening Post .   [1] N'ime 1920s na 1930s, ọ na- akara mgbe nile na International Exhibition of Watercolors kwa afọ na Art Institute of Chicago .   Ọ bụ onye otu American Watercolor Society, Salmagundi Club, na Architectural League of New York

Ọ bụ ebe na nkà ịzụ ahịa ya bụ ihe ezi uche dị na ya, o mekwara ihe ọkpụkpụ na ihe ndị ọrụ ndị na-ahụ ahụkebe.  Ụbọchị geometric ndị a siri ike bụ isiokwu nke obere ihe nkiri 1937, Parabola, nke Mary Ellen Bute na Ted Nemeth dere, na egwu Darius Milhaud dere.  [1] Na ike oku nke onye na-ese ihe Josef Albers, Boyd bụ onye nkuzi ọbịa na Black Mountain College dị na North Carolina .  Ya na enyi ya J. Ernest G. Yalden, o mere Yalden Memorial Sundial (1937), na Waterfront Park, na Woods Hole, Massachusetts. 

Ọ onyeisi onye otu PAFA alumna Harriet A. Repplier, wee jiri ụmụ, Lydia, a n'ike 1914 na David, a ejikọtara 1918. [1] Di na-enye onyinye nke ndị ọchịchị Cole-Allaire na 112 Prospect Street na Leonia, New Jersey na  1916, wee sị awụ atọ iweghachi ya.  Ha kpọpụtara aha ya “Ụgwọ Boyd,” ma biri n’ebe ahụ ruo mgbe ha nwụrụ.  [2] A na-edepụta ụlọ ahụ ugbu a na Ndebanye aha Mba nke Ebe ihe mere eme. 

Watercolor ya, Ogige Ifuru, Irises na Poppies (1929), rere na Sotheby's New York, na September 24, 2008, maka $43,750 [1] – iche okushon maka onye na-ese ihe. 

Ọ nwụrụ na 1951 na Leonia, New Jersey.

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akwụkwọ Rutherford Boyd na Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
* *Sayensị n'ime nka: Ihe osise na eserese nke Rutherford Boyd (1882-1951)*, katalọgụ ihe ngosi, Hirschl & Adler Galleries, New York City, 1983. https://books.google.com/books?id=cvoXAAAAIAAJ
* Rutherford Boyd na Hirschl & Adler Galleries.
George Newell Bowers

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Akwụkwọ akụkọ nke George Newwell Bowers, 1889
George Newell Bowers (1849 – 1909, nọ n'afọ 1872–1906) bụ onye America na-ese ihe na Springfield, Massachusetts .

ole na ole ka amaara ndụ Bowers.  Ọ Manuel ọrụ dị ka onye ode akwụkwọ ọgwụ na Springfield, Massachusetts tupu ọ ịga akwụkwọ nka na Art Students League of New York na New York City, wee malite na 1874 ruo 1879 na studio Léon Bonnat na Paris.  Ọ la dị iche dị ka onye na-ese ihe na Springfield.  Mgbe ya na Art Student League mụchara ihe, ihe dịka 1892 ọ obe onye na-ese ihe nkiri na-ahụ anya.

## Ntụaka

* Lee M. Edwards, Timothy Anglin Burgard, *obi ụtọ nke ụlọ: ndụ ezinụlọ na eserese America, 1840-1910*, ibe 132, Hudson River Museum, 1986.
* Ntinye Art Mutual
David Bowes

thumb|David Bowes in NYC 1990
David Dirrane Bowes ( banyere 1957) bụ onye na-ese ihe America, dabere na Turin, Italy.  [1] [2] A mara ya nke mbụ maka ụzọ ya n'oge ọmụmụ 1980 na New York's East Village 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ na 1957 ka Katherine "Kae" (née Dirrane) na John S. Bowes. [1] Ọ bụ nwanne onye ode akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị Richard Bowes . [1] Bowes gara Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) n'etiti 1970s wee kuziere klaasị eserese n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ya.   

Ihe osise ya na-enwekarị agba naenwe-enwe ike, na-strok na-ahụ mma ma na-ezo aka n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka ndị ifo, ndị na-eme ihe mere eme.  A kọwawo ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe na-mapụpụpụpụ, [1] na inwe "ihe na-atọ ụtọ nke imetụ aka na ezigbo ngwaọrụ n'ụdị agba." 

A na- ọrụ Bowes na United States na Europe .  Ọ dị na 1999 na 48th Venice Biennale na otu n'ime ọrụ dị na mkpokọta Lucio Amelio 's Terrae Motus na Royal Palace of Caserta uwe na 1994. [1] [2] A na-eme ọrụ ya na nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka  ụzọ dị iche iche, Walker Art Center, [3] [4] Portland Art Museum, [5] Broad Contemporary Art Museum na LACMA, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* David Bowes na-arụ ọrụ na Artnet.com

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Paul Brach

Paul Brach (March 13, 1924 - Nọvemba 16, 2007) bụ onye America na-ese ihe ọrụ, yana onye nkuzi na onye nkuzi. .

Dị ka onye na-ese ihe Paul Brach ọrụ ya na New York na Leo Castelli Gallery, [1] Cordier & Eckstrom Gallery, [2] yana ya na André Emmerich Gallery.. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Paul Brach na New York City [1] wee zụlite ya na Brooklyn na Bronx . Ọ gara mahadum nke Iowa ebe ọ gụrụ Grant Wood eserese. Ọ jere ozi na US Army n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. Mgbe agha ahụ gasịrị, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Iowa na GI Bill . Na Mahadum nke Iowa o zutere onye na-ese ihe Miriam Schapiro na 1946 ha lụrụ. [2] Ka ọ na-erule 1951, ha laghachiri na New York City wee mee enyi ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe na ogbe ndịda Abstract expressist New York School, gụnyere Joan Mitchell, Larry Rivers, Knox Martin na Michael Goldberg .

Eji ozi ya na ụlọ ọrụ New York Atelier 17. 

N'oge ọhụrụ 1960 Brach nwere ọrụ nkuzi nwa oge na The New School, Cooper Union, Parsons School of Design and Cornell University's New York City Programme.

 Na 1967 Brach na nri ya Miriam Schapiro kwagara Southern California.  Isi onye isi nke mmemme CalArts na Los Angeles na 1969. 

"N'afọ 1967, e nyere m oche nke ngalaba nkà ọhụrụ na Mahadum California dị na San Diego . Mgbe afọ abụọ gachara UCSD, aghọrọ m Louis oche nke Akwụkwọ nke Art na California Institute of Arts . Ekpebiri m ịbịa. na [  CalArts] n'ihi na Los Angeles na-atọ ụtọ ndị, amụ m ike ịhụ ndị ọgbọ m ebe a, m na-ekwu na e nwere ndị na-ese ihe dị ka Bob Irwin, na Ed Kienholz, na Larry Bell, na  ndị m na-eche na ha na-arụ ọrụ dị mma na CalArts Ihe na-akụda m n'ezie bụ na ndị na-eme Mary Poppins na-enweta ego n'ama nke ga-eme Easy Rider."  CalArts ikpe otu n'ime ụlọ akwụkwọ nka kacha mma na obodo ahụ.

Na 1975 ha la ndabere na ụwa nka New York.  Brach ikpe onye isi oche nke ngalaba nke Arts nke Mahadum Fordham na Lincoln Center .  N'ikpeazụ, nkuzi nkuzi na ụzọ ma tinye onwe ya na ụzọ ya.  Ụdị ihe dị iche iche nọchiri anya ọrụ ya ruo 1998. Na 1997, a nchọpụta Brach na National Academy of Design. 

Na 1998, ha kwagara East Hampton na-adịgide adịgide.  "Ọ bụ ebe na m na-onye na-ere akara ruo 2005, m na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na ụlọ ọrụ East Hampton m. Elly na Len Flomenhaft, bụ ndị na-oge gallery, maara ma hụ ọrụ m n'  anya. Ya mere, abụ m ọnụ a nke Flomenhaft Gallery."  [1] Ọ nwụrụ na East Hampton November 16, 2007 nke ọrịa kansa prostate. 

## Ntụaka


## Akwụkwọ

* Marika Herskovic, ''New York School Abstract Expressionists Choice nke Artists,'' (New York School Press, 2000.) 

## Njikọ mpụga

* 2005 NY Times nyochaa, eweghachiri Nọvemba 27, 2007
* N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Borneo, Site na Mary Poppins ruo Easy Rider: Paul Brach na CalArts, ewepụtara na ntanetị December 15, 2011
Walter M. Brackett

thumb|
Walter M. Brackett (June 14, 1823 – Maachị 4, 1919), bụ onye ese ihe n’Amerika na nwanne nwoke nke nta nke nta Edward A. Brackett .  Akwụkwọ akụkọ Brackett na Unity, Maine.  Ọ ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ ji na Boston, Massachusetts, na- ozi ọrụ na Boston Athenaeum, Apollo Association, na National Academy of Design.  Ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe nke ike Agha William W. Belknap ndị aka na-amụ 1870 iji mee ihe ndị ọrụ nke usoro nke ndị mgbọrọgwụ, ma na-ese ihe osise nke Timothy Pickering, Samuel Dexter, William Eustis, na  Henry Dearborn.  ndị niile a ma ama bi na ala nna ya.  [1] [2] Ọ bụkwa onye na-ese azụ̀ ama ama, ma e nyere ya ọrụ imegharị koodu dị nke Massachusetts na 1898. 

Brackett nwụrụ na Boston na Machị 4, 1919. 

## Ntụaka

* 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Media related to Walter M. Brackett at Wikimedia Commons
* Artwork by Walter M. Brackett
Gibeọn Bradbury

Gibeon Elden Bradbury (1833–1904) [1] bụ onye na-ese ihe si Buxton, Maine.  A mini Bradbury n'otu akụkụ nke Buxton ikpughe Salmon Falls, mpaghara n'otu nnukwu ugwu dị nso na-egosi Saco .  Nwa Nathaniel Scamman Bradbury na Lucy Sawyer Bradbury, Gibeon ọtụtụ ndụ ya na Salmon Falls.

Bradbury azụmahịa azụmahịa na-aga nke ọma na Portland, ebe ọ na-achọ ọtụtụ ụgbọ ala.  Ka azụmahịa ya na-aga nke ọma, ọ pụtara ihe ọ bụ ugbu a kacha mara amara: ụzọ.

E see asịrị na Herman Melville mara Bradbury, dị ka n'akwụkwọ Melville Moby-Dick Melville na-ekwu maka "onye na-ese saco" nke onye na-ese sere Saco, nke bụ ihe Gibeon na-esekarị.

https://web.archive.org/web/20150924093324/http://www.sacomuseum.org/library/GibeonBradbury.html

## Ntụaka
John Bramblitt

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| John Bramblitt na-agwa nwa akwụkwọ okwu
John Bramblitt (amuru 1971) bu onye ihe osise kpuru nke America.   Ọ bụ onye mbụ kpuru ìsì n'ụwa, nwere ihe osise na New York na Dallas.[1]   A mara Bramblitt maka agba ya na-ahụ ndị na ụdị nke na-agwakọta impressionism yana ọzụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ nke nka pop.   Nkà Bramblitt agaala ihe ụgwọ mba 120 gburugburu ụwa, a makwa ya maka mmemme ike okwu, nkuzi na ụlọ ọrụ n'efu ebe onye ọ elala na-esekọ ọnụ n'agbanyeghị ikike ma ọ bụ ike.

A mụrụ Bramblitt na El Paso, Texas wee malite eserese mgbe ọ tụfuru anya ya na 2001 mgbe ọtụtụ ọdịdọ siri ike. Ọ dabara n'oké ịda mbà n'obi ruo mgbe ọ chọtara eserese. O jisiri ike ịmata ụdị agba abụọ dị iche iche site n'ịhụ textures ha. Ọ na-enwekwa mmetụta ndị ọ na-achị ka ọ na-ese ha. Bramblitt abụrụla isiokwu nke akụkọ mgbasa ozi dị iche iche, gụnyere akwụkwọ akụkọ na-emeri ihe nrite na vidiyo nke a họpụtara Kachasị mkpali vidiyo nke 2008 maka YouTube . Enyere ya onyinye nturu ugo atọ nke onye isi ala US na 2005, 2006, na 2007 [1] maka imepụta usoro nkuzi nka n'efu emere iji wetara ndị mmadụ na agbataobi na-enweghị ohere nkuzi nka.

Bramblitt dekwara akwụkwọ bụ Shouting in the Dark .   [1] Ọ ka na-ese ihe ma biri na Denton, Texas na-egosi ya na nwa ya nwoke.

Mgbe ọ bụ nwata akwụkwọ na Mahadum North Texas, Bramblitt akwụkwọ na usoro ihe nkiri ihe mere eme nke Bob Phillips, Texas Country Reporter.

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Saịtị gọọmentị
* WFA - YouTube
* Onye nta akụkọ obodo Texas - YouTube
* Akwụkwọ akụkọ Longview
* CBS
* CNN
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Karl Brandner

A anim Karl Brandner (1898-1961) na Oak Park, Illinois ma zụọ ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe na Art Institute of Chicago na Chicago Fine Art Academy, a na-echeta Brander dị ka onye na-ese ihe na mpaghara nke  ọrụ na mbara ala.   E sere ala Brander na ihe nkiri obodo n'oge ndụ ya na Hoosier Salon, Chicago Gallery Association, na Palette na Chisel Club 

## Ntụaka
Warren Eugene Brandon

Warren Eugene Brandon (November 2, 1916 - September 11, 1977) bụ onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese foto nke California na-akpa na San Francisco .

## Akụkọ ndụ
Ọ ike nka na Milligan College yana Jack Davis, Ralph Ledesma, Jack Feldman, Raymond Brose, na Eliot O'Hara.  [1] N'afọ ndị 1950 na 1960, ọ gara n'oké osimiri Pasifik na Matson Line na-agbara na ụgbọ mmiri, yana Hawaii.  [2] E wezụga nke a, Brandon bụ onye bi na San Francisco n'ogologo ndụ ya.  Na 1964, ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị America anọ aha ya bụ "Life Fellows of Britain's Royal Society of Artists", ma ike tinye "FRSA" na mbinye aka ya.  Brandon ntọala ntọala San Francisco artist cooperative.  O gburu onwe ya na San Francisco na Septemba 11, 1977. 

## Ntụaka

* Falk, Peter Hastings, *Onye bụ onye n’ime nka nka America*, 1564–1975, Vol I, Sounds View Press, Madison CT, 1999, p.&nbsp;421.
* Harold, Margaret, Ihe osise mmanụ na-emeri ihe nrite, Akwụkwọ II, Nashville, TN, Allied Publications, 1960
* Hughes, Edan, *Ndị nka na California 1786-1940*, Sacramento, Crocker Art Museum, 2002.
* *San Francisco Chronicle*, Septemba 17, 1977 (obituaries)

## Njikọ mpụga

* Warren Eugene Brandon na AskART
George K. Brandriff

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Cly Butte, Ndagwurugwu Ncheta, Arizona, 1933.
George K. Brandriff (1890 – Ọgọst 15, 1936) bụ onye na-ese ihe n’Amerika, bụrụkwa onye isi oche otu ndị nka nka nke Laguna.  O gburu onwe ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 46.

## Ndụ
Amuru Brandriff na 1890 na Millville, New Jersey.[1]    O tolitere na Vineland, New Jersey wee gaa California na 1913 ịga Mahadum Southern California  

. Brandriff soo onye na-ese ihe na mpaghara nka nke Laguna Beach, California, wee jee ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke Laguna Beach Art Association.    [1] [2] Ọ bụkwa onye otu California Art Club .    [3] O ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ ebe ngosi nka, Biltmore Salon, [3] Los Angeles Museum, na Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts

Brandriff banyere Frances Conder.   [1] [2] O gburugburu ya site n'ịgba onwe ya na August 15, 1936, na Laguna Beach, mgbe ọ dị afọ 46.   

## Ntụaka
Paul Bransom

thumb| Ihe atụ nke Paul Bransom sitere na ''An Argosy of Fables'', efere chere ihu p. 52
Paul Bransom (Julaị 1885 - Julaị 19, 1979) [1] bụ onye America na-ese ihe, onye na-ese foto, na onye na-ese ihe anụmanụ anụmanụ..

## Akụkọ ndụ
Amụrụ na Washington, DC, mgbe ọ bụ nwata Bransom egwu ịse anụmanụ osisi n'azụ ụlọ ya na n'ogige Zoo National .  [1] Ọ na-ekiri ya dị ka onye na-ahụ maka mmekọ maka ndị na-eje ozi ọrụ Patent US mgbe ọ dị afọ 13. Ọ kwagara New York City na 1903 wee malite ịse ihe nkiri maka akwụkwọ mgbede New York ebe ahụ.  Ọ sere ihe nkiri egwu egwu Akụkọ kacha ọhụrụ sitere na Bugville (1903-1912).  [2] Mgbe ọ kwagara New York, a igbe talent ya dị ka onye na-ese anụ anụ mgbe ọ na-ahụ ihe ọkụ nke ụmụ anụmanụ na Bronx Zoo .  [3] mbụ mbụ bụ ụzọ maka Saturday Evening Post [3] na ihe atụ maka akara nke Kipling's Just So Stories na Grahame's Wind in the willow. 

Enyere Bransom ihe nrite nke Benjamin West Clinedinst Memorial, [1] na ọrụ ya na mkpokọta National Museum of American Illustration na Newport, Rhode Island. 

Bransom bụ onye bi na New York City site na 1906 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ.  Ọ nwụrụ na Julaị 19, 1979, n'oge ikpe na Quakertown, Pennsylvania, ọtụtụ ụbọchị tupu ụbọchị 94th ya.. 

## Ọrụ ahọpụtara
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Mkpuchi ''mgbede Satọdee'' (March 14, 1925)

* *The Wind in the willows*, nke Kenneth Grahame dere (Ụmụ C. Scribner, 1913)
* *Argosy nke Akụkọ ifo*, ed. Frederic Taber Cooper (Frederick A. Stokes, c1921)
* *Obi anụ ọhịa*, Emma-Lindsay Squier (Cosmopolitan Book Corp., 1922)
* *Dị nnọọ otú Akụkọ*, Rudyard Kipling, nke Kipling na Joseph M. Gleeson gosipụtara ( Garden City, NY : Country Life Press, c1912) - Bransom nyere mkpuchi ihu n'ihu, akwụkwọ njedebe, na ihe atụ peeji isiokwu maka mbipụta 1932 nwere ihe atụ ime ime Kipling na Gleeson.
* Ihe ngosi mkpuchi *nke obodo Gentleman* (Curtis Publishing).

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga
Media related to Paul Bransom at Wikimedia Commons

* Works by Paul Bransom at Project Gutenberg
* Works by or about Paul Bransom at Internet Archive
* Paul Bransom at Library of Congress, with 26 library catalog records (see previous page of browse report, 'Bransom, Paul, 1885–' without '1979')
* Artwork by Paul Bransom
Rex Brasher

Rex Brasher (Julaị 31, 1869 [1] - Febụwarị 29, 1960) bụ onye na-ese agba mmiri na onye ọkaibe na akwaa nke John James Audubon na Louis Agassiz Fuertes .  Eserese dị ndụ nke Brasher's 875 ụdị ụdị 1,200 na ụdị dị iche iche iche nke North America n'ụzọ ziri ezi, na-amị anya ụdị na ụdị dị iche iche na American Ornithologists 'Union's Checklist of North American Birds   

## Akụkọ ndụ
Amụrụ na Brooklyn, Brasher dị iche ịse mgbe ọ dị afụ 16. Ọ gara na United States dum, na-eleta steeti ọ lla n'ịịmọkọ ndịlụ ndị ọ ga-ese, iche nzọ n'ọsọ egwuregwu na ọrụ ọrụ iji kwado  njem ya.  Na 1911, ọ dọtara ugbo 150-acre, nke ọkpara Chickadee Valley, na Kent, Connecticut .  Na 1924, Brasher dechara magnum opus ya, Nnụnụ na Osisi nke North America, bụ nke e ndidi na obere ọsọ nke 100 ike iri na abụọ.  Na 1939, e jiri ihe osise ya n'ahụ Explorer nke National Geographic Society dị na Washington, DC 

Brasher nwụrụ na 1960 n'iche na Gaylordsville, Connecticut, mgbe ọ dị afọ 90 

## Ihe osise
Steeti Connecticut nchịkọtara nchịkọta ihe osise mbụ nke Brasher na 1941 maka $74,000, na-ezube iwu ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi iji mkpokọta na Kent Falls State Park .  Ego enwetaghị ego, isi ahụ ahụ kwagara Harkness Memorial State Park na ndị Connecticut, ebe e mkpa ha ntọala na 1953, na-esote afọ iri na okpuru ulo nke Connecticut State Library na Hartford .  

Ebufere mkpokọta ahụ na Mahadum Connecticut na 1988. A na-eme ya na Thomas J. Dodd Research Center.  

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ndị otu Rex Brasher
* *[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1004931743 Nnụnụ na Osisi nke North America]* - WorldCat ndekọ
* Ịchọta enyemaka na mkpokọta Rex Brasher – Mahadum nke Connecticut Archives & Special Collections
* ''Rex Brasher: Onye na-ese nnụnụ - Akụkọ ndụ'' nke Milton E. Brasher (New York: Rowman & Littlefield, 1962) - HathiTrust
* Works by Rex Brasher
Arnold Franz Brasz

thumb|175x175px| ''A. Franz Brasz'' nke Jay Meuser nke oge a
Arnold Franz Brasz (Julaị 19, 1888 – ụgbọ 1, 1966) bụ onye omenkà America, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ahụ akwụkwọ ndụ na Polk County, Wisconsin na Julaị 19, 1888. Ọ akwụkwọ na Minneapolis School of Fine  Arts na Robert Henri na New York.  [1] Ka ọ na-erule akụkụ 1920, ọ na-eke oge ya n'etiti ndida California na Wisconsin.  A na-ewere ya dị ka onye otu ụlọ akwụkwọ Ashcan, na ọrụ ọha na eze ya n'ihi pickers, ihe ngosi 1940 na nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ obodo Redlands, California na-egosi ọrụ ugbo America aanọ.  [2] Brasz nwụrụ n'ibu ya na Glendale, California na 1, 1966.

## Ndekọ okushon

Ndekọ ahihia ahihia maka uzo nke Arnold Franz Brasz bụ $31,070.  Edere isi a site na At the Big Top, nke 23 site na 29.7 eserese inch dị na kwaaji rere Mee 4, 2006 na Shannon's Fine Art Auctioneers ( Milford, Connecticut). 

## Ntụaka

* Hughes, Edan, *Ndị nka na California 1786-1940, ed nke abụọ.* , San Francisco, Hughes Publishing, 1989, p.&nbsp;67.
* Shannon's, *Ọmarịcha ihe osise America na ndị Europe, eserese na ihe ọkpụkpụ*, Greenwich Connecticut, Mee 4, 2006, p.&nbsp;87.

## Ihe odide ala ala peeji

## Njikọ mpụga

* Arnold Franz Brasz na AskART
* Ụlọ akwụkwọ Congress
Maurice Braun

Maurice Braun (1877 – 1941) bụ onye omenkà America nke amaara ama maka mbụ ala California .  Akwụkwọ akụkọ ya na Hungary na October 1, 1877;  Otú ọ dị, mgbe ọ dị afá anɔ, Maurice na-eto eto na ebe Braun akwagawo United States, ma biri na New York City .  ike ihe ya mere ka ọ gaa na National Academy of Design, ebe ọ omenala French n'okpuru Francis C. Jones, George W. Maynard na Edgar M. Ward . 
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb| Maurice Braun, ''Ndagwurugwu Mission, 1919'' (ọkọlọtọ Steven Stern)
Na 1901 Braun akwụkwọ azụ n'okpuru onye na-ese ihe America William Merritt Chase .  O guzobe onwe ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe na ihe osise na New York City, mana na 1909 ọ Louis California .  Maurice Braun nwụrụ na San Diego, California, na Nọvemba 7, 1941.

## Ihe nrite

* Ihe nrite Hallgarten, National Academy of Design, 1900
* Ihe nrite ọla edo, ngosi Panama-California, San Diego, 1915–16

## Ndị otu

* Salmagundi Club
* Laguna Beach Art Association
* San Diego Fine Arts Association

## Osisi na mkpokọta ọha

* Steven Stern Fine Arts, Beverly Hills, CA
* Maurice Braun Gallery, California
* Houston Museum, Texas
* Laguna Art Museum, California
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Irvine, Irvine, California
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Los Angeles County
* San Diego History Center
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke San Diego
* The Redfern Gallery Laguna Beach, CA
* William A. Karges Fine Art
* K. Nathan Gallery http://www.knathangallery.com La Jolla, California
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Greater Lafayette

## Ntụaka


* Edemede: *Ọdịdị nke Abụọ, Ndị na-ese ihe nkiri Ala San Diego anọ mbụ* nke Milton E. Peterson, 1991;
* Akwụkwọ: *Ndị na-ese ihe na California, 1786-1940*, nke Edan Milton Hughes dere, 1989;
* Akwụkwọ: *Plein Air Painters nke Southland*, nke Ruth Lily Westphal dere, 1996.

## Njikọ mpụga

* ''Ihe osise nke Maurice Braun'', ihe ngosi ihe ngosi sitere na The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (dị n'ụzọ zuru ezu na ntanetị dị ka PDF)
* Maurice Braun na-arụ ọrụ, WikiArt
Troy Brauntuch

Troy Brauntuch ( banyere 1954 na Jersey City, New Jersey ) bụ onye omenkà America.  Ọ bi na Austin, Texas .

Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na California Institute of Arts na Bachelor of Fine Arts na 1975. Ọ bụ onye prọfesọ ọzọ na Mahadum Columbia ma na-achọpụta ebe a na Mahadum Texas. 

Brauntuch nyerela ọrụ nka ya na 2006 Whitney Biennial, [1] na 2000 na Art Modern N'agbanyeghị Modernism ngosi na Museum of Modern Art .  Ọrụ ya dị na ihe ngosi nke otu na 1982: documenta 7, Kassel na Venice Biennale .  Na 1977, ọrụ ya dị na ihe ngosi Foto na Artists Space . 

Ọ na-egosi na Friedrich Petzel Gallery na New York, [1] [2] [3] na Mai 36 Gallery na Zurich, Switzerland.  Ọrụ dị na Museum of Modern Art. 

## Ihe nrite

* Mmekọrịta Guggenheim (2010) 
* Onyinye mba maka onyinye nka nka
* Joan Mitchell Foundation Grant (1999)

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* "Troy Brauntuch", *Artnet*
* "Q&A onye na-ese ihe na Troy Brauntuch", *Papermag*, Mee. 12, 2008
* "Troy Brauntuch", *isi mgbe niile*
* "TROY BRAUNTUCH", *Artforum*, Maachị 1, 2005, Yood, James
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Robert J. Brawley

Robert Julius Brawley (1937 - 14, 2006) bụ onye na-ese ihe America, mara maka ndụ ya bara akwụkwọ na ọrụ isi ya.

Brawley nzere bachelọ nke Fine Arts na 1963 yana Master of Fine Arts na 1965 site na San Francisco Art Institute .  Dị ka nwa akwụkwọ, ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe na-ahụ ahụ anya, ma mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ nke Flemish realists, mgbe ọ na-agụ akwụkwọ na Academy of Fine Arts, na Florence, Ịtali, ma na-ahụ  na Northern Europe iji hụkwuo ọrụ Netherland, ọ tụpụtara gaa na mmetụta.  ndu, isi ka lifes na-arụ ọrụ.  Ọtụtụ n'ime ndụ ya ka bụ ihe atụ na, ọ bụ ihe atụ na, ọ bụ ebe na a na-amakarị ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe n'eziokwu ma ọ bụ hyperrealist, na N'ajụjụ ọnụ 1988 o kwuru, sị, "Echeghị m.  na m bụ onye eziokwu .... Abụ m onye na-eche echiche" 

A na- ọrụ ya na National Museum of American Art, Art Institute of Chicago, [1] Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art na Kansas City, Missouri, na ebe ndị ọzọ.  Aha ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ na isiokwu magazin.

Ọ bụ onye prọfesọ, na onye isi oche nke ngalaba nka na Mahadum Kansas .

Brawley nwụrụ n'afọ 2006 ka ọ gbasịrị ọrịa kansa ụnwanyi isii.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Smithsonian American
* Ụlọ ọrụ Art Chicago
* Spencer Museum nke Art
* Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Nelson-Atkins

## Isi mmalite

* Akwụkwọ akụkọ, Lawrence Journal World
* Ntinye Askart.com

## Ntụaka
C. David Breeden

Conway David Breeden (Mee 29, 1938 - Septemba 12, 2006) bụ onye ọkpụ ọkpụkpụ America.. 

Emepụtara ọrụ mbụ ya n'obodo nna ya bụ Manassas, Virginia, ebe o sonye na-ekiri nke ihe ala.  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ agha Greenbriar na Lewisburg, West Virginia na Carnegie-Mellon Institute na Pittsburgh.  O biri na Brazil na Botswana tupu ọ bịa na Charlottesville na 1974, ebe ọ na-enye onye ama na mpaghara nka.  O kere ọtụtụ ihe ọrụ ya na Biscuit Run, studio na ụlọ ya, ndịda obodo.  Mgbasa ozi ya sitere na nwa afọ Virginia soapstone, alabaster, iko nwere ikike, ọla kọpa, seramiiki, akwa, igwe, na kọmpat ruo na mgbasa ozi esoteric ana ụzọ n'ahịa na n'ọgba mmiri.

Ọrụ dị egwu nke David Breeden na-eje n'ihu ụlọ ikpe na Roanoke na Charlottesville, Virginia, yana n'ihu na n'ime ụlọ ụka na Universities dị ka Penn State na York na Mahadum Virginia.  Ha na-achọ obodo dị na Pittsburgh, Charlottesville, Negril, (Jamaica) na St. John's (Antigua).  A na-eji nkume ncha, iko dalle de verre na ụrọ fiberglass mee ha.  A ka na- akara ihe nketa Breeden na biscuit Run's gallery yana na mkpokọta na gburugburu ụwa.

https://web.archive.org/web/20221129132620/http://www.biscuitrun.com/studiohistory.html

## Ntụaka
Art Brenner

Art Brenner (1924 – 2013) bụ onye America na-ese ihe na-ese ihe .  Amụrụ na New York City, ọ biri ma onye ọrụ na Paris site na 1964 ruo 2012. 

O nweela ọtụtụ ihe ngosi solo na otu n'obodo ndị dị ka Paris, London, Avignon, Barcelona, ​​Brussels, Brest, Amsterdam, Heidelberg, Montreal, na Adelaide, Australia. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Ọrụ ya dị na mkpokọta ọha na eze na France, Spain, na United States (Rose Art Museum na Mahadum Brandeis na Waltham, Massachusetts; Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Conn.; Anchorage Museum of History and Art, Anchorage, Alaska).  Ọ bụkwa isiokwu nke obere ihe nkiri CNN, "Onye Ọkpụkpụ America na Paris" (1995).  Gọọmenti France sọpụrụ ya site n'iwebata ya dị ka "Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres", nke French dabara na ntinye n'ime American Academy of Arts and Letters..

## Nchegbu gbasara ihe ncheta ihe ọkpụkpụ na ihe owuwu
Dị ka onye na-akpụ akpụ nke ọrụ ya na-akpata nnukwu ma kee ya maka ọha na eze, ntọala ihe owuwu, Brenner dere 1971 maka magazin Leonardo (MIT Press) [1] nke isiokwu ya bụ "Banyere Ọkpụkpụ na Nhazi"  , nke ọ na-ahụ na "ọnụ dị ukwuu nke oge a. ihe akpụrụ akpụ... emewo ngwa wepụrụ ihe ọkpụkpụ site na Ịnọ na ngalaba nsogbu, nke ahụ bụ imelite ya na ụlọ ụlọ."  Ọ na-ekwukwa na "A na-arụ ụka na ihe owuwu nke oge a site na-acha ya, ọrụ ya na ọcha ọcha, ihe mkpa maka ọkpụkpụ."  N'ịjụ a, ọ na-ekweta na iwu ikike nke ihe owuwu ọgbara ọhụrụ ka e jiri mee ihe iji ihe ọkpụkpụ dị egwu na-azụ na ụlọ ọgbara ọhụrụ, nakwa na "ndị na-ese ikike ụlọ  ụgbọala ndị na-ese ihe dị ka ndị òtù dị mkpa nke otu m" (p. 99).

## Ntụaka

* Art Brenner; Galerie Lucien Durand. *Art Brenner, Galerie Lucien Durand ...* *Paris ...* *du 2 mau mau 27 nke 1967...* http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/64070181&referer=brief_results ( Paris, Galerie L. Durand, 1967 ) 
* US Center Culturel America, Paris . *Trois americains : Art Brenner, [[Robert Colescott]], Elaine Hamilton .* *- Ngosipụta na Paris, Center Culturel americain, 26 février-26 Mars 1969* http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/38695859&referer=brief_results [katalọgụ ihe ngosi na French] ( Paris, Center Culturel américain, 1969) 
* Art Brenner. "Banyere ihe ọkpụkpụ na ihe owuwu ụlọ" [akwụkwọ akụkọ] *Leonardo*, Mpịakọta 4, p.&nbsp;99–107, MIT Press (nke izizi Pergamon Press, London), 1971 (nke e biri na Great Britain).

## Njikọ mpụga

* webụsaịtị gọọmentị