Shirley E. Schwartz

**Shirley Ellen Schwartz**  ma ọ bụ **Ellen Shirley Schwartz**  (August 26, 1935 - May 8, 2016) bụụrụ onye Ameria bụ ọkachamara na kemistri na onye na-eme nnyocha sayensị na General Motors, elegide anya n'ọmụmụ na mmepụta nke mmanụ ụlọ ọrụ na usoro mgbanwe mmanụ ụgbọala. A nabatara ya na Michigan Women's Hall of Fame n'afọ 1996 maka ihe ọ rụzuru na ngalaba kemistri 

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ **Ellen Shirley Eckwall** na Detroit, Schwartz tolitere na mpaghara Detroit bụ Pleasant Ridge, ma gụsịa akwụkwọ na Lincoln High School dị na Ferndale. O nwetara akara ugo mmụta atọ na kemịstrị. Ọ gara Mahadum Michigan ebe ọ nwetara nzere Bachelor of Science ya na kemịstrị n'afọ 1957. Schwartz debara aha ya na Mahadum Wayne State wee nweta nzere masta ya n'afọ 1962 na nzere ọkankuzi ya n'afọ 1970.  

## Ọrụ ya
Mgbe ọ kụzichara na Oakland Community College na Detroit Institute of Technology, Schwartz malitere ịrụ ọrụ na BASF Corporation dị na Wyandotte, Michigan, ebe ọ mepụtara mmanụ ụlọ ọrụ nke, n'ihi ịbụ nke ihe eji nwee ya bụkarịsịrị mmiri, belatara mmanụ ma si otú a belatakwuo mmetọ. Ọ nọrọ ihe karịrị afọ iri na asatọ na-arụ ọrụ na General Motors, ebe ọ bụ onye isi nchọpụta sayensị, na-arụ ọrụ na Research and Development Operations na General Motors Technical Center dị na Warren, Michigan. N'oge ọ na-arụ ọrụ, o nwere ihe karịrị akwụkwọ ikike ịrụ abụọ, ma dee akwụkwọ teknụzụ dị otu narị na iri asaa na atọ. Site n'afọ 1989 ruo 2003 o dere kọlụm na-adị kwa mgbe a na-akpọ Love Letters to Lubrication Engineers na akwụkwọ akụkọ nke Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineeringers, nke e chetara na ncheta nke afọ 2016 na akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ dị ka "nne nke onye nnyocha ndụ mmanụ a hụrụ n'ọtụtụ ụgbọala GM, nke na-ahụ maka ịghara ịgbanwe mmanụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ugboro ugboro dịka anyị na -eme na mbụ, ma ọ bụ n'aka nke ọzọ, agaghị emebi injin gị ma ọ bụrụ na ị gbanweghị ya ugboro ugboro. " 

Mgbe ha nyere ya ihe nrite maka mmepụta ihe n'afọ 1999, Society of Women Engineers chịkọtara ịrụ ọrụ Dr. Schwartz n'ụzọ a:

"Dọkịta. Schwartz enyochawo mmebi mmanụ njin; nkwarụ, ịta nchara, na ndịgide elastomer na njin gasị; mmetụta nke methanol na ethanol fuel na njin gasị); na mmanụ maka igwe njụoyi ga, ndị  na-eji mmịrị njụoyi ndị ọzọ (ma e wezụga Freon R12). Ọrụ ya na ngalaba ndị a lekwasịrị anya na:

* inweta ndụ kachasị mma nke mmanụ injin
* ịchọta ụzọ ndị a na-anabata iji were isi nnweta ike ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ 
* mmepụta nke usoro mmiri njụoyi ga, nke na-agaghị emerụ ozone nke ụwa" 

## Ihe nrite na Nkwanye Ùgwù
A kpọrọ Schwartz onye òtù Society of Automotive Engineers n'afọ 1999  ma họpụta ya na National Academy of Engineering n'afọ 2000 "maka ntinye ya gasị na injinia mmanụ nakwa maka ịme ka ngalaba teknụzụ baa ụba site n'ide ihe n'efu".  Ọ nwetakwara ọtụtụ onyinye ụlọ ọrụ: 

* General Motors Kettering Award (1988): E nyere ya maka usoro iji kọmputa na-enyocha mmebi mmanụ njin nke okpomọkụ mmanụ kpatara, na-egosipụta ndụ fọdụrụnụ nke mmanụ ụgbọala ahụ 
* Ihe nrite General Motors McCuen (1993) 
* Onyinye ọla edo sitere na Engineering Society of Detroit (1989) 
* Ihe ncheta Wilbur Deutsch site na Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers (1987) 
* Ihe nrite Colwell (1992) site na Society of Automotive Engineers
* Ihe nrite onye ọkà okwu pụrụ iche (1995) site na Society of Automotive Engineers

## Ndụ onwe onye
Schwartz lụrụ di ya, Ron Schwartz, n'afọ 1957.

## Edensibịa

Otú:Ndị nwụrụ n'afọ 2016
Otú:Ụmụ nwanyị