Robert Reed (onye na-ese ihe)

**Robert James Reed Jr.** (July 9, 1938 - Disemba 26, 2014) amụrụ na Charlottesville, Virginia, bụ onye omenkà America na prọfesọ nke eserese na mbipụta na Yale School of Art maka afọ 45.  N'afọ 1987, a họpụtara Reed ka ọ bụrụ ngalaba na-adịgide adịgide nke Yale School of Art  na-eme ya, n'oge ọnwụ ya, ụlọ akwụkwọ mbụ na naanị onye America-America ka a ga-ahọpụta ya na akụkọ afọ 145 nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ. N'ime ihe osise ya, Reed mara maka abstraction geometric ya na akara ahaziri onwe ya iji mepụta asụsụ nke abstraction. Ọ na-eji akara na-adịghị ahụkebe, agba na nchara nchara nke ọma iji mepụta onyonyo akara ngosi ya. Dị ka Reed ga-akọwa, a na-ahazi iberibe, ụzọ, omenala na akara ụwa, ihe oyiyi nwata na ebe ndị a na-echeta na ihe oyiyi ya. Ya abstractions bụ referential na nwere ha ndabere na "ezigbo" ụdị dị ike na ụwa n'ezie na n'ezie ohere. Ọrụ ya na-agụnye eserese, eserese, monotypes, mbipụta na collages.

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Reed na Charlottesville, Virginia na 1938. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị ọha ( Jefferson ) na elu (Burley) na Charlottesville. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na BA site na Morgan State, kọleji ojii na akụkọ ihe mere eme na Baltimore, Maryland (1958). Agbanyeghị, enweghị ike ịkwụ ụgwọ nkuzi ikpeazụ Reed dekọrọ ụbọchị ngụsị akwụkwọ dị ka 1959 mgbe ọ nwere ike ịkwụ ụgwọ ihe o ji. O nwetara BFA ya (1960) na MFA (1962)  na Yale School of Art . Mgbe ọ nọ na Yale, Reed gụrụ akwụkwọ ma Josef Albers, Neil Welliver, na Jon Schueler na-emetụta ya. N'afọ ndị sochirinụ, Philip Guston bụ onye ọrụ ibe na Skidmore College n'etiti 1960's metụtara ya.

Mgbe ọ bụ nwata akwụkwọ na Yale, ahọpụtara Reed ka ọ gaa Yale Norfolk Summer School of Art  na 1960. Reed kwetara na ahụmahụ okpomọkụ a dị ka ihe dị mkpa na mmepe ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe. N'ebe ahụ, ọ zutere nwa akwụkwọ ọzọ, Özer Kabas . Mgbe Reed laghachiri na Yale na njedebe nke mmemme ahụ, Kabas haziri ọrụ maka Reed na-arụ ọrụ maka Josef Albers. Mazị Albers, dị ka Reed na-ezo aka ya mgbe niile, goro Reed ka ọ rụọ ọrụ na studio Albers na Yale's Street Hall n'ịkwado akwụkwọ mbụ *mmekọrịta nke* Albers. Ọrụ Reed bụ ịgwakọta efere ndị ahụ. E nyere Reed efere ndị ahụ na ọrụ ya bụ iwere agba ndị ahụ ma gwakọta ha na ink silkscreen na idekọ ntụziaka agba. Albers na-abata mgbe niile wee kwuo "Ee" na "Ee e" na-edobe taabụ na ọrụ Reed. Ezi ntụziaka ga-agakwuru ụlọ ọrụ silkscreen.

Reed bụ onye na-agbasi mbọ ike na nkuzi nkuzi nke Albers  na Foundation Studies na nka nke Reed gara n'ihu na-akwado n'oge ọrụ nkuzi ya.

## Ọrụ

### Ọmụmụ
Ọrụ Reed dị ka onye nkuzi nka malitere dị ka onye nnyemaaka prọfesọ na kọleji nka na nka na Minneapolis na 1962. Nke a sochiri nhọpụta ya dị ka osote prọfesọ na Skidmore College dị na Saratoga Springs, New York, site na 1965 ruo 1969. 

Ọrụ nkuzi afọ 45 nke Reed na Yale School of Art malitere na 1969 dị ka osote prọfesọ nke eserese, na-esote oge nhọpụta na ngalaba na-adịgide adịgide dị ka prọfesọ nke eserese na 1987, ọnọdụ ọ nọrọ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 2014. 

Site na 1970-1975, Reed jere ozi dị ka onye isi ụlọ akwụkwọ nka nke Yale Summer School.  N'ime afọ ise nke onye nduzi ya, ọ kpọkọtara ndị na-ese ihe n'oge okpomọkụ nke gụnyere Philip Guston, Arnold Bittleman, Erwin Hauer, Gabor Peterdi, Joan Snyder, Chuck Close, Al Held, Lester Johnson, Judy Pfaff, Romare Bearden, na Sam Gilliam . A maara Reed ka ọ na-akpọrọ ụmụ akwụkwọ ya na-agụghị akwụkwọ kwa oge gaa Norfolk ebe ọ ga-emeghachi ahụmịhe Norfolk gbajiri agbaji n'ime izu ụka.

Reed rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọka ikpe ma ọ bụ onye nlekọta maka ọtụtụ ihe ngosi gụnyere ihe omumu ihe omumu ihe omumu na New Haven, Connecticut,  Silvermine Arts Center na New Canaan, na Artspace na New Haven.

Reed bụ onye omenkà ọbịa na onye nkuzi na kọleji na mahadum karịrị 60 na mba na Europe. 

O dere ọtụtụ mmemme mmụta nka gụnyere Acre, Spokane, Washington; Saịtị, Cancun, Mexico; Isii: Oge okpomọkụ na nnwale, Saratoga, New York; na Institute for Studio Studies, Auvillar, France. 

Ọ jere ozi na bọọdụ ndị isi nke Lyme Academy College of Fine Arts 2010–2012; MacDowell Colony, 1987–1990, na Virginia Center for Creative Arts . 

### nka
alt=|thumb| Plum Nellie, Nkume Oké Osimiri, 1972 acrylic on canvas 72" x 72" mkpokọta: Whitney Museum of American Art

## Nchịkọta, ihe nrite na ihe ngosi
Ọrụ Reed dị na mkpokọta na-adịgide adịgide nke ọtụtụ ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, gụnyere Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, NY;   National Academy Museum, New York, NY; Hirshhorn Museum na Ogige Ọkpụkpụ, Washington, DC;  Ụlọ ọrụ Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minneapoli, MN; Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, M;  Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Mahadum Yale, New Haven, CT;  Fralin Museum of Art, Charlottesville, Va.;  Ogden Museum of Southern Art  New Orleans; Ụlọ ọrụ Detroit nke Art, Detroit, MI; ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke African American, Dallas, TX; Martin Museum of Art, Baylor University, Waco, TX,  na Perez Art Museum Miami, FL; n'etiti ndị ọzọ.

Agụnyekwara ọrụ ya n'etiti ndị na-ese ihe 407 gosipụtara na ihe ngosi mmalite nke 2015 "America siri ike ịhụ"  maka mmeghe nke ọhụrụ Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, New York.

Reed bụ onye natara ọtụtụ ihe nrite na nsọpụrụ gụnyere:

* Mahadum Yale, William Devane Medalist maka nkuzi undergraduate pụtara ìhè 2014;  https://studioart.dartmouth.edu/artists-residence/past-artists-residence
* National Academy of Design  ibe, New York, 2009
* College Art Association Distinguished Teaching of Art Award, 2004; 
* Doctorate Honorary of Fine Arts, College of Art and Design Minneapolis, 2001
* Nturu ugo ndi ochichi nke National Council of Arts, 2000
* Virginia Center maka ebe obibi nka nka, 1987
* Ebe obibi Yaddo, 1980
* Dartmouth Artist in Residence,  1976

N'ịkwado ntinye aka Reed na nkuzi mahadum, Robert Reed Scholarship Fund  na Yale School of Art hiwere na ụlọ akwụkwọ Yale nke Art, GO1 klas  ka akpọrọ aha ya na nsọpụrụ ya dị ka "Robert Reed Studio"  ebe e denyere ndụmọdụ Reed nyere ụmụ akwụkwọ ihe osise ya na ntinye "Ịse ihe bụ ọchụchọ, ọ bụghị ebe njedebe".

N'ịkwado ntinye aka ya na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Art nke Yale, ihe ngosi solo retrospective   nke ọrụ ya mere na 2015, "Robert Reed: Non-Stop Painting",  nke Robert Storr chepụtara, onye bụbu. dean, Yale School of Art.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Reed bụ onye otu Alpha Iota isi nke Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity kemgbe 1956 na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi nke ahịrị ya.

Reed nwụrụ n'ihi ọrịa kansa na New Haven, Connecticut, na Disemba 26, 2014.  A na-eli Reed n'ebe a na-eli ozu Grove Street dị na New Haven.

## Ntụaka
afọ ise nke onye nduzi ya, ọ kpọkọtara ndị na-ese ihe n'oge okpomọkụ nke gụnyere Philip Guston, Arnold Bittleman, Erwin Hauer, Gabor Peterdi, Joan Snyder, Chuck Close, Al Held, Lester Johnson, Judy Pfaff, Romare Bearden, na Sam Gilliam . A maara Reed ka ọ na-akpọrọ ụmụ akwụkwọ ya na-agụghị akwụkwọ kwa oge gaa Norfolk ebe ọ ga-emeghachi ahụmịhe Norfolk

## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị Robert Reed Artist: https://www.robertreedstudio.com
* Ozi onye nka: https://www.artist-info.com/artist/Robert-Reed
* Artcyclopedia: http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/reed_robert.html
* National Council of Arts Adminstrators: https://www.ncaaaarts.org
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations