Ben Caldwell

**Ben Caldwell** (1945) bụ onye nkuzi nka dabere na Los Angeles na onye na-ese ihe nkiri kwụụrụ onwe ya.

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
Onye bi na New Mexico, Ben Caldwell bu ụzọ webatara ya na nka a na-ahụ anya mgbe ọ dị obere. Dị ka onye ntorobịa, Caldwell ga-enyere nna nna ya aka ịrụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri na obere ihe nkiri na New Mexico. Ya na nna nna ya na-arụkọ ọrụ nyere Caldwell ohere ịzụlite mmekọrịta maka ịme ihe nkiri. Ngosipụta mbụ ya na ihe nkiri kpaliri ya ịchụso agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ ịse ihe nkiri.

Ya na nna nna ya na-arụ ọrụ abụghị ihe mkpali kpaliri Caldwell n'ime ihe nkiri. N'oge ọ bụ nwata, ihe nkiri agha na-ewu ewu nke ukwuu ma ha kpalitere mmasị Caldwell na-eto eto. Mgbe edebanyere aha ya na nkuzi animation afọ abụọ n'okpuru ụlọ ọrụ Disney, Caldwell depụtara ma ziga ya na Vietnam. Caldwell kpebiri ịzụta igwefoto mgbe ọ nọ na Japan ka o nwee ike see foto ndị ogbo ya na ndị agha ma detuo ihe ndị agha chere ihu na Agha Vietnam . O nwere ọtụtụ narị foto nke ọ nwere ike ma ọ bụ ghara itinye ya n'ọrụ n'ọdịnihu banyere agha na ndị agha na-ata ahụhụ site na ọgụ. Ịse foto mgbe ọ nọ na ndị agha ọ bụghị nanị na Caldwell nwere ike idetu otu akụkụ nke agha ahụ, ma o nyekwara ya ohere ịmara onwe ya na igwefoto ahụ.

Mgbe ọ jesịrị ozi oge ya na ndị agha, Caldwell debanyere aha na nkuzi na kọleji Phoenix dị na Arizona na-amụ foto na ụdị mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ. Mgbe ya na ụmụ akwụkwọ na ndị prọfesọ ndị ọzọ rụkọrọ ọrụ, a gbara Caldwell ume ịchụso MFA na ihe nkiri. Ndị prọfesọ na Phoenix chọpụtara na Caldwell na-anwa iji foto ya ka na-akọ akụkọ ma tụọ aro ka ọ leba anya n'ịmụ ihe nkiri. Caldwell tinyeziri akwụkwọ wee nabata ya n'ọtụtụ mmemme Masters dị iche iche, wee kpebie ịga UCLA. Caldwell gụrụ ihe nkiri na UCLA, na-anata MFA ya na 1976. Ọ gụrụ ihe nkiri n'akụkụ Charles Burnett, Julie Dash na Billy Woodberry, dịka akụkụ nke otu ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe ga-agbanwe ihe nkiri Africa America nwere onwe ya - ihe omenala a na-akpọ mgbe ụfọdụ " The LA Rebellion ." Caldwell nyere aka na LA Rebellion Movement ịmepụta ihe nkiri na-elekwasị anya na omenala ojii na Los Angeles, California.

Ben Caldwell nwere nnukwu atụmatụ maka ọdịnihu nke na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a. Ya na ụlọ ọrụ ya na-arụ ọrụ imepụta ụgbọ ala kwụụrụ onwe ya nke na-agaghị akwọ ụgbọala n'onwe ya, kamakwa ọ ga-akwado onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na ndị njem ha ihe nkiri ha nwere ike ikiri. Ọ bụghị naanị na nke a ga-agbanwe ịnya ụgbọ ala, mana ọ ga-agbanwekwa ka ndị na-ege ntị si eri usoro mgbasa ozi. Na mgbakwunye na nke ahụ, Caldwell na-arụ ọrụ n'ịghaghachi ụlọ ntu ekwentị ochie na gburugburu Los Angeles, na-eme ka ha bụrụ ọdụ ebe ndị mmadụ nwere ike Skype na ibe ha. Caldwell nwere olile anya iji ahịrị Metro ọhụrụ a ga-arụ n'afọ 2020. The Metro akara ga-aga kpọmkwem site South Los Angeles, nke ka bụ a predominately Black òkè nke obodo, ya mere Caldwell aims anyị ya dị ka onye ọbịa ya multimedia oru ngo, na-eke a ikpo okwu maka ndị na-eto eto artists na-egosi ọrụ ha na ndị na-. jegharịa n'ógbè ha.

## Ihe nkiri

* *Medea* (1973) 
* *M & M: Ihe atụ nke Africa* (1979)  
* *Ememe mmiri 1: Ememe Ime Ọcha nke Obodo* (1979)
* *Gidget zutere Hondo* (1980) 
* *Ememme Nkpuchi* (1982) 
* *The Snake in My Bed* (1995) 
* *Onye hụrụ anya: Ntụgharị uche nke Malcolm X & OAAU* (2006) 
* *Ana m ewu ụlọ elu* (2006)
* *Ogige Leimert: Sankofa Project* (2007)
* *La Buena Vida* (2008) 

## Ntụaka
ga-agbanwe ịnya ụgbọ ala, mana ọ ga-agbanwekwa ka ndị na-ege ntị si eri usoro mgbasa ozi. Na mgbakwunye na nke ahụ, Caldwell na-arụ ọrụ n'ịghaghachi ụlọ ntu ekwentị ochie na gburugburu Los Angeles, na-

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* Field, Allyson Nadia. Ihe nkiri Uplift: Mpụta nke ihe nkiri African American na ohere nke Black Modernity. Durham: Duke UP, 2015. Bipụta.
* Ubi, Allyson Nadia, Jan-Christopher Horak, na Jacqueline Najuma Stewart. Nnupụisi LA: Ịmepụta Cinema ojii ọhụrụ. Oakland, CA: U nke California, 2015. Bipụta.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Erin Aubrey Kaplan, "Leimert Park na Radar," ''Los Angeles Times,'' Maachị 22, 2011, foto 26
* Lynell George, "Ebe Nsọ Na-ewuli Àkwà Mmiri Omenala," ''Los Angeles Times,'' Jenụwarị 23, 1996, foto 140
* Don Snowden, "Oge opupu ihe ubi na mpaghara Crenshaw," ''Los Angeles Times,'' Ọktoba 3, 1992, foto 371
* Gary Bradford, "Onye na-eme ihe nkiri pụtara na-aza oku nka, ọ bụghị Hollywood," ''Pittsburgh Press,'' Pennsylvania, June 12, 1980, foto 55
* http://www.projectblowed.com
* http://sfbayview.com/2009/the-kaos-network-an-interview-with-owner-ben-caldwell/
* https://web.archive.org/web/20240610050123/https://www.cinema.ucla.edu/la-rebellion/ben-caldwell

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ