Suzanne Jackson (artist)

**Suzanne Jackson** (amụrụ 1944)   bụ onye omenkà ihe nkiri America, onye nwe gallery, onye na-ede uri, onye na-agba egwu, onye nkuzi, na onye nrụpụta; nwere ọrụ ruru afọ iri ise. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya n'ụlọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi gburugburu ụwa. Kemgbe ngwụcha 1960s, Jackson ararala ndụ ya maka nka ihe nkiri yana nsonye ọzọ na ihe nkiri, nkuzi, nchịkwa nka, ndụ obodo, na mmemme ọha. Jackson's oeuvre gụnyere uri, ịgba egwu, ihe nkiri, imewe ejiji, eserese (ma akụkụ abụọ na akụkụ atọ), mbipụta, na eserese.

Jackson etinyela oge n'ọrụ ya n'ịkụziri ụmụ akwụkwọ na imetụta ọgbọ ndị na-ese ihe na ndị na-emepụta omenala n'ọdịnihu, yana iwulite na isonye na mpaghara nka nwere njikọ chiri anya ya na ndị ọgbọ na ndị na-eche echiche. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Los Angeles n'oge 1960 ruo 1980, hiwere osisi 32, ma gosipụta ọrụ ndị ọzọ na Ankrum Gallery. N'ime 1980s o biri na Idyllwild, California nkuzi na imepụta nka. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ na Mahadum Yale, yana na New York na Philadelphia na 1990s. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Savannah, Georgia art community, site na 1996 ruo 2009.

## Ndụ mmalite na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Jackson na 1944 na Saint Louis, Missouri .   Ezinụlọ ya kwagara San Francisco, California, mgbe ọ dị ọnwa itoolu.  Jackson biri na San Francisco ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ asatọ, mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, a zụlitere ya n'obodo Fairbanks, Alaska, site na 1952 ruo 1961.  Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Monroe Catholic High School na 1961.  Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma na Alaska, ọ ghọrọ onye otu National Audubon Society nke metụtara ụfọdụ ọdịnaya nke ọrụ ya site na nwata.  Ọ bụkwa onye Afrika mbụ nke mba America ga-aga *National 4-H Congress* na Chicago na 1960, nke nyeere ya aka inweta scholarships ma kwe ka ọ gaa mahadum.  Ọ natara Udo Uwa, Humane Society, na Obiọma nye ụmụ anụmanụ site na International Latham Foundation, Banff School of Fine Arts Scholarship, Akwụkwọ Ọkà Mmụta Mmanụ Ala, na Ọmụmụ Ihe Ọmụmụ Ụlọ Mba.

## Ọrụ

### 1960-1970s
Mgbe kọleji Jackson gachara South America na ụlọ ọrụ ballet  wee laghachi California ka ọ biri na Echo Park .  Mgbe ọ laghachiri na California, Jackson weere klas eserese na Otis Art Institute na Charles White, bụ ebe ọ malitere ijikọ na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe California dị ka Dan Concholar, Alonzo Davis, na Timothy Washington .  Na 1968, ọ mepere gallery 32, nke rụrụ ọrụ afọ abụọ na nke Jackson kwadoro onwe ya.  Jackson mere ọtụtụ ihe ngosi solo n'ime 1970s na Ankrum Gallery, nke onye na-eme ihe nkiri tụgharịrị-gallerist Joan Wheeler Ankrum na onye na-eme ihe nkiri William Challee mere.  Jackson mepụtara akwụkwọ ndị na-ese ihe nke uri na eserese, "Ihe M hụrụ n'anya" (1972) na "Anụmanụ" (1978). (lee uri )

### 1980-1990s
Na 1981, ewebata Jackson na Savannah, Georgia, site na ọkpụkpọ òkù ịbụ onye na-ese ihe na Savannah College of Art and Design site na ntụnye Bernie Casey . Na mgbakwunye, na 1981, ọrụ Jackson gụnyere na ihe ngosi “Forever Free: African American Women” nke gara Gibbes Museum of Art na Charleston, South Carolina . Jackson biri na Idyllwild, California, site na 1981 ruo 1985 ma nọrọ na ngalaba dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na Idyllwild School of Music and Arts (1981-1982), na onye isi oche nke Fine na Performing Arts na Elliott-Pope Preparatory School (nke bụbu Desert Sun School (1982–1985).

Na 1987, Jackson kwagara New Haven, Connecticut, ịga Mahadum Yale, na-agbaso akara ugo mmụta nna ukwu n'okpuru nkuzi Ming Cho Lee maka ihe nkiri. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na onye na-emepụta ejiji na-agagharị na mpaghara ahụ dum; ruo mgbe iwere ọkwa na St. Mary's College of Maryland dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na osote prọfesọ site na 1994 ruo 1996. Na 1996, Jackson kwagara Savannah, Georgia ka ọ kụziri na Savannah College of Art and Design  dị ka prọfesọ nke eserese, ebe ọ kụziiri ihe oge niile ruo 2009.

### 2000s – dị ugbu a
Jackson lara ezumike nká na SCAD na 2009, mana Jackson nọgidere dị ka onye prọfesọ nwa oge na mgbakwunye ruo 2013. Na mgbakwunye, Jackson kụziri nkuzi akụkọ mmalite nka, gụnyere African American Art History na Savannah State University na 2013–2014 akwụkwọ afọ. Jackson ka bụ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na obodo nka Savannah ma na-aga n'ihu ịmepụta na igosipụta ọrụ ya. Jackson na-akwado ihe ngosi redio kwa izu nke gosipụtara jazz na mkparịta ụka, nke a na-akpọ *Ntị Ntị* na WHCJ 90.3 Savannah State University Radio, n'akụkụ Ike Carter, Jerome Meadows, Tom Van de Ven, Lisa Jackson na Carla Curran, PhD. Na 2019 Jackson bụ onye nnata nke Joan Mitchell Painters & Sculptors Grant. 

## Omume nka
Suzanne Jackson enweela nnukwu ọrụ na-emesi ike mkpa ọ dị ibi ndụ onye na-ese ihe, n'okwu ya, ịbụ onye na-ese ihe bụ idozi nsogbu na-emegide imepụta ihe oyiyi. Ọ sịrị, “Abụghị m onye na-ese ihe. Abụ m onye na-ese ihe. M na-ese, na m na-arụ ọrụ na ihe nkiri dị ka onye na-ese ihe, na ruturu. Mana ịghọ onye na-ese ihe na-ewe oge ndụ niile."  N'ime oge ọrụ ya niile, Jackson lere anya na okike maka mmụọ nsọ, ọ na-ejikọkarị ojii na okike.  Ọrụ ya emeela ememe oji site na ihe nnọchianya nke ahụ ojii na-enweghị ozi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-enweghị isi.

### Nkà ihe nkiri
Jackson arụwo ọrụ n'ụdị mgbasa ozi dị iche iche gụnyere ọrụ na akwụkwọ, na-arụ ọrụ na canvas, na Monoprints. Ọrụ ya na akwụkwọ gụnyere ma agba mmiri na eserese sitere na ọrụ ya niile. Jackson ejirila agba acrylic rụọ ọrụ, ihe osise mbụ ya na kwaaji bụ nke nwere acrylic paint Layered, ka mmadụ si etinye agba mmanụ. O kwuru, sị, "Onyonyo nke onye ọ bụla maara nke ọma, na ezigbo ọcha na-acha ọcha na ụdị akwa akwa na akwa akwa - nke ahụ bụ ụdị usoro ochie nke nna ukwu nke ịkwanye agba maka translucency. Ọ dị ka akwa akwa na akwa agba na-ewuli omimi na eserese ahụ. Ma ụfọdụ n'ime ihe osise ndị ahụ, dị ka ndị dị gịrịgịrị dị ka agba si yie, enwere ike inwe agba dị otu narị na iri ise na nke ọ bụla n'ime eserese m. "  Afọ 1990 gosipụtara mgbanwe n'ọrụ ya ka ọ malitere ịnwale usoro mgbasa ozi dị iche iche. Ka ụdị ya na-aga n'ihu, Jackson malitere ịhapụ akwa akwa ahụ iji kwado ịgbụ dị ka mkpụrụ. Ọ na-eji Novacolor ika acrylic gels mepụta ọrụ nkwudo akụkụ atọ nke akwa akwa, akwụkwọ, ihe achọtara, akwụkwọ, ma ọ bụ ụgbụ dị iche iche jikọtara ọnụ. 

Ọrụ ihe osise ya gụnyere na mkpokọta ihe ngosi nka ọha gụnyere na Museum of Modern Art,  California African American Museum,  Indianapolis Museum of Art,  na Hammer Museum na UCLA.

### Ụlọ ihe nkiri na ejiji ejiji
Jackson gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Yale na 1990 wee gaa na mpaghara ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ (Connecticut, New York, na Philadelphia) yana akụkụ California (Los Angeles na San Francisco Bay Area) na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri na uwe ejiji. Ejiri ejiji ejiji ya gụnyere ihe ngosi Onstage: A Century of African American Stage Design, na Library maka Ịrụ Ọrụ, Lincoln Center, New York. N'ime kredit ụlọ ihe nkiri mpaghara ndị ọzọ, ọrụ Jackson gụnyere:

* BLUES ROOM, Realto Theatre, National Black Arts Festival, Atlanta, Georgia, sitere na Ụlọ ihe nkiri nke Ndezigharị Mbụ, Mahadum George Mason, Fairfax Virginia, 1997
* THE Snow Queen, mmalite, The John F. Kennedy Center, Scenic na Ejiji imewe maka ụlọ ọrụ na-eme njem, 1996-98
* ỤMỤTA ANYANWU, Ebe John F. Kennedy, Nhazi ejiji, 1996–98
* Onye na-ese ihe nkiri na St. Mary's College of Maryland, ( *Tartuffe, Fefu na ndị enyi ya, The Physicists, The Big Picture, Happy End, Etta Jenks, In Perpetuity Throughout the Universe) 1994-96*
* Ịkwụ ụgwọ, iti mkpu, na ịkwọ ụlọ, Mark Taper Forum, 1993
* BOSEMAN na LENA na Philadelphia Drama Guild 1990
* PERICLES na ìhè ehihie na Mpụga na Yale Repertory Theatre 1990
* ROSE nke RANCHO, El Teatro Campesino, 1989
* Ejiji niile maka Barbara Feldman & Ndị na-agba egwu, 1988–96
* Akụkọ WINTER na MACBETH na California Shakespeare Festival
* atụmatụ maka Gus Solomons, Ụlọ ọrụ Dance, Jennifer Muller/The Works

### Agba egwu
Jackson mụrụ ballet na choreography na mahadum, mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ ọ bụ onye otu Pacific Ballet Company (1961-66). Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na kọleji, Jackson sonye na njem ihe nkiri egwu nke South America na South America na Music Theater USA, na mgbe ọ lọghachiri, Jackson bụ onye nkuzi nke ịgba egwu na nka na Watts Towers Art Center na Los Angeles site na 1968 ruo 1969. Site na 1982 ruo 1985, Jackson bụ onye isi oche nke ngalaba nka mma nke Elliot-Pope Preparatory School, Idyllwild, California, ebe ọ rụpụtara ihe ngosi gụnyere *Oliver !* , *Grease*, na *Ememme Igwe Ọdụdọ* .

### Abụ
Ndị Cave Canem Foundation, Lucille Clifton, St Mary's Women's Writing Group, na International Women Writing Guild na-eduzi uri Jackson. Akwụkwọ nka nke Jackson bipụtara nke gosipụtara uri na eserese ya bụ “Anụmanụ,” na “Ihe M hụrụ n'anya.” Agụnyere abụ na eserese Jackson na Ọgba Canem Anthologies; “Ntị na-ada ụda: Black Poets Lean South,” 2007, I, II, na IV, 1996–99; Avatar 25, 1996; Nyocha Potomac, Oge oyi 1996; Na Ndagwurugwu nke ọnwa, International Women's Writing Guild, 1994.

Edere ọtụtụ n'ime nkwupụta ndị nka ya n'amaokwu:Nkà M na-emekọ ihe n'eziokwu

 VERSUS FANTASY--- ONWE YA

 GỤKWUO GBASARA YA… GỊNỊ M

 Mgbalị APỤTA IHE

 Ọgbaghara n'ime uche,

 Ọgbaghara nke nhọrọ --- nke ịhụnanya,

 ---nke ịchọ ihe mmetụta uche,

 Ịnye iwu, "NWETA" ONWE YA

 N'akuku ụfọdụ na-aga n'ihu

 OGWU NKE Nchọpụta ONYE,

 N'eziokwu, m nwere ike ịbụ n'ezie.

 - Nkwupụta sitere na akwụkwọ Suzanne Jackson, *Ihe M hụrụ n'anya* (1970)

## Ụlọ ihe nkiri 32
Ọtụtụ ndị na-akpakọrịta aha Jackson na Gallery 32, ihe ngosi nka ọ gbara na MacArthur Park, Los Angeles site na 1968 ruo 1970, raara onwe ya nye n'ịkwalite obodo nka na-akwado.   Osisi 32 sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ onye nka Charles White na nka nwere ike bụrụ ụgbọ dị irè maka mmemme obodo na mgbanwe mmekọrịta ọha.  N'ịchọ ịmegharị ahụmahụ Jackson gara aga nke San Francisco bohemianism, Gallery 32 rụrụ ọrụ dị obere ka azụmahịa karịa ka ebe maka mgbanwe echiche na nkà ihe ọmụma. Jackson kwadoro ụlọ ngosi ihe ngosi ahụ n'onwe ya, karịsịa na ego ọ nwetara site na nkuzi. Ụlọ ihe ngosi ahụ ghọrọ ebe dị mkpa, mkparịta ụka nnabata, ịgụ abụ uri, na ndị na-akwado ego maka ihe gbasara ọha mmadụ, na igosi ọrụ nke gosipụtara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike.   O bu n'obi ime nka nka sitere n'aka ndị nka ojii nwere isiokwu ojii ga-enweta ndị otu obodo niile.  Ọ ngwa ngwa ghọrọ otu n'ime oghere nka ole na ole na Los Angeles iji gosipụta ndị na-ese ihe n'Africa na-apụta dị ka Gloria Bohanon, Emory Douglas, David Hammons, Betye Saar, na Timothy Washington. N'ime ụlọ ọrụ ndị gallery kwadoro ndị na-enye ego bụ Black Arts Council, Black Panther Party, na mmemme nka ụmụaka nke Watts Towers Arts Center. Otu n'ime ihe ngosi dị mkpa nke gallery ahụ bụ 1970 Sapphire Show, nyocha mbụ nke Los Angeles nke ndị inyom America America na-ese ihe. Osisi 32 rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mgba na-aga n'ihu nke oge ahụ mgbe ọ na-enye aka na ihe ngosi nka dị iche iche nke Los Angeles.  A na-ekwela ụlọ ọrụ nyocha Getty nkwa ọrụ nka ndị fọdụrụ na arịrịọ onye nka.

## Nkuzi

* 2014-2016, Prọfesọ Adjunct of Foundation Studies, Drawing, Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Georgia
* 2013–2014, Prọfesọ Adjunct of Fine Arts, Sabbatical Replacement History I & II; Akụkọ ihe mere eme nka nke Amerịka, Mahadum Savannah State, Savannah, Georgia
* 2009-2013, Prọfesọ Adjunct of Painting (eLearning), Graduate Studies, Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Georgia
* 1996–2009, Prọfesọ nke eserese, Savannah College of Art and Design, Savannah, Georgia
* 1994–1996, Scenographer and Assistant Prọfesọ, St. Mary's College of Maryland, St. Mary's City, Maryland
* 1982–1985, Onye isi oche nke ngalaba nka nke ọma na ime nka, Elliott-Pope Preparatory School, (nke bụbu Desert Sun School), Idyllwild, California.
* 1972, Mahadum Stanford (okpomọkụ), Stanford, California
* 1970, onye nkuzi ịgba egwu na nka nka, Watts Tower Art Center, Watts, California

## Ihe ngosi
N'okpuru bụ ndepụta nke ihe ngosi ama ama nke Jackson.
 

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* Bustion, Nathanial. *Ọnụnọ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ebighi ebi na mgbanwe okike.* CA: Aton Mattinnii Fine Arts Studio/ Asaraset Institute, 2015.
* Finch, Richard. *Akara sitere na Matrix: Normal Editions Workshop Collaborative Limited Edition Mbipụta 1976-2006.* IL: Ọmụmụ mbipụta nkịtị, Mahadum steeti Illinois, 2007.
* Goode-Bryant, Linda, na Marcy S. Phillips, ed. *Okirikiri* . Exh. pusi. New York: Dị n'elu Midtown Gallery, 1978.
* Jackson, Suzan. *Anụmanụ.* Los Angeles: Ntugharị na atụmatụ na-aga n'ihu, 1978.
* Jones, Kelly. *Ndịda Pico: Ndị omenkà America America na Los Angeles na 1960 na 1970.* Durham. North Carolina: Mahadum Duke Press, 2017.
* LeFalle-Collins, Lizzetta, na Cecil Fergerson. *19Iri isii: Atụleghachi edemede edemede omenala, 1965–1975* . Exh. pusi. Los Angeles: California Afro-American Museum Foundation, 1989.
* Lewis, Samella S. *Art: African American*, 161–62. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1978.
* Peter, Carolyn, na Damon Willick. *Osisi 32 na gburugburu ya* . Exh. pusi. Los Angeles: Mahadum Loyola Marymount, 2009.
* Tate, Mae. "The Art nke Suzanne Jackson." *Black Art Quarterly* 4, mba. 3 (1982): 3–21.
* Widener, Daniel. *Black Arts West: Omenala na mgba na Postwar Los Angeles* . Durham, NC: Mahadum Duke, 2010.

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Saịtị gọọmentị: http://www.suzannejackson.art
* Ajụjụ ọnụ Suzanne Jackson, 1980 Julaị, sitere na Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution
* Ajụjụ ọnụ nke Suzanne Jackson, 1992 August, sitere na TEI Project, UCLA Library Oral Histories
* Vidiyo: Murs Murs nke Agnès Varda dere
* Vidiyo: Ajụjụ Ọnụ Netropolitan
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations