Charles Jay Connick

Charles Jay Connick (1875–1945) bụ onye ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama ama )  ama n'Amerika ) Connick, onye na-ese ihe, na onye mmebe nke kacha mara amara maka oru ya n'ime enyo nwere uko n'uzo Gothic Revival .  Amụrụ na Springboro, Pennsylvania, Connick mechara biri na mpaghara Boston ebe ọ mepere ụlọ ihe nkiri ya na 1913. Ọrụ Connick dị n'ọtụtụ ụka na ụlọ ụka ndị a ma ama, ihe atụ na Boston, Chicago, Detroit, New York City  , Pittsburgh, San Francisco, Seattle, na Washington, DC [1] O dekwara akwụkwọ Adventures in Light and Color na 1937 .  Ndị ihe nkiri Connick gara n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ, ma bụrụ onye na-eduga na-ahụ iko nwere ikike, ruo 1986.

## Ndụ
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px| Mpụ nke mpio rose nke Connick na St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York
Amụrụ na Springboro na Crawford County, Pennsylvania, na September 27, 1875, Connick ya na ya kwagara Pittsburgh mgbe ọ dị afụ pụta.  N'ịbụ ndị na-ama obodo na-amaja bụ ndị na-akwa akwa ya emo, Connick na-anọ n'ime ụlọ n'oge ezumike ma na-ese ihe na crayons, wee si otú ahụ kpọkọ na ịse na agba mgbe ọ  dị obere.  [1] Mgbe iwu na-ahapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ mgbe nna ya nwere ikike, ọ na-enye onye na-ese ihe na onye ọrụ nke Pittsburgh Press   

Mgbe ọ dị afọ 19, Connick ,pụtapụta windo ugogbe anya n'ama aha Rudy Brothers na Pittsburgh, bụ ebe ọ na- ruo ruo na 1899. Ọ ọrụ na Boston afọ abụọ, gbakwunyere na Pittsburgh na 1903 wee onye ọrụ maka ụlọ ọrụ glass.  ma na Pittsburgh na New York.  [1] Connick Polykwara ịse na klas wee gaa England na France iji ugogbe ochie ochie na nke ọgbara ọhụrụ, ndị iro nọ na Chartres Cathedral, bụ nke ọ ndụkwara nke ìhè na optics nke ejiri gọọ na ike awụ nke 12 na 13  ., ma nke ọ akụkọ na a na-tee ya anya anya.  [1] [2] English Arts and Crafts Movement nwakwara Connick site n'aka onye na-ese ihe nkiri Christopher Whall 

Isi ọrụ mbụ Connick, All Saints Church na Brookline, Massachusetts, ka arụchara na 1910. [1] Connick biri na Boston ebe ọ mepere ụlọ ihe nkiri ugo ya nwere ikike na Nine Harcourt Street, Back Bay, Boston, na 1913. [2  ] Site n'ebe ahụ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ, Connick haziri ma ọtụtụ windo enyo ndị a ma ama windo rose nke Katidral St. Patrick na St. John the Divine na New York City, na windo na Akwụkwọ Akwụkwọ ikike Princeton,  American Church na Paris., na n'ime ụka Episcopal Calvary na East Liberty Presbyterian dị na Pittsburgh.  Otu n'ime nnukwu ọrụ ya bụ na Heinz Memorial Chapel na Mahadum Pittsburgh .  Heinz Chapel nwere nke inwe windo 23 ya niile ( 4,000 square feet (370 m ) nke Connick mere, ekiri windo transept ya dị 73-ụkwụ (22 m) nke so na windo ndị na-agbatị ogologo n'ụwa. 

Connick dekwara akwụkwọ Adventures na Ìhè na Agba, jiri obi ike Okwu Mmalite nke Glass Craft, yana usoro maka Random House ikpuchi International Studio (1923-24). 

Ụbọchị ya ndị chiri anya ọ bụghị nanị na ndị na-ese ụlọ ụlọ ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe, onye na-ede uri Robert Frost, onye Connick nwere enyi na-aga n'ihu.  [1] Maka otu ụzọ windo maka Newtonville Branch Library, na Newton, Massachusetts, Connick na-egosi n'ime iko ahụ oghere mmeghe nke uri Frost " Mending Wall " .  Frost nọ na nraranye nke ụlọ ahụ na 1939 ịgụ uri a.  [2] Window abụọ nke sitere n'ike nsso Emily Dickinson uri "Enweghị frigate dị ka akwụkwọ."  Window abụọ nke Connick, nke dị n'ụdị nka nka na nka ahaziri iche ntụ ntụ ụka ọ kacha mara, na-atụnye aka na ọbá akwụkwọ Newtonville nke bụ nke Newtonville Historic District .

Connick na-arụsi ọrụ ike na, n'etiti mmadụ ndị ọzọ, Boston Art Club, Boston Architectural Club, The Mural Painters, na Copley Society of Art .  Connick nakweere Pegasus dị ka akara ya wee chepụta ya na ugegbe nwere ikike nke a bụ n'elu nkume ili ya.. 

Charles Jay Connick nwụrụ na Disemba 28, 1945. Mgbe ọ nwụrụ, *akwụkwọ akụkọ The New York Times* kọrọ na Dr. Connick bụ "a na-ewere Dr. ( *The New York Times*, Satọde, Disemba 29, 1945, p.&nbsp;13.)

## Ụdị
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|334x334px| Window ndị Connick nke dị n'ụkwụ 73 (22m) na-agafe agafe nke Heinz Memorial Chapel na Mahadum Pittsburgh so na ndị kasị ogologo n'ụwa.
Connick ụmụaka iji ugegbe "oge yiri ochie doro anya, nke nke oge mgbacha , star anya wee too ụdị iko a dị ka "ọkụ na-acha agba, na-Maka pre, ike, na tupu na-agbagwoju anya nke ọkụ ịgba egwu."  Ọ na-arụ ọrụ a usoro nke "staggered" solder-njikọ na ya na-edu ndú na Ogwe, nke English stained-glass ọkọtọ ihe mere eme Peter Cormack na-ekwu na-enye windo ha "syncopated ma ọ bụ 'swinging.  ' agwa."  [1] Ụdị ya gbakwunyekwara akara siri ike na ihe ngosi.  Connick kwuputara echiche ahụ na ọrụ mbụ nke nwere ikike bụ ijere ụlọ ọrụ, ma ọ na-ama àmà ike ya na ọrụ bụ "napụta ya site na omimi miri emi nke windo foto opalescent" nke Louis Comfort Tiffany na John na-  ewu ewu.  La Farge.  [2] N'agbanyeghị na ọ gbasiri mbọ ike na ọdịnala nka eweghachitere, Connick nabatara ihe ọhụrụ na ngwa na imewe na usoro n'etiti ndị ọrụ ibe ya na studio ya.. 

## Ụlọ ihe nkiri
N'ọtụtụ ụzọ, ụlọ ọrụ Connick's Boston bụ nka na nka dị mma n'ihi na ọ bụ obodo ndị omenkà jisiri ike ike nka.  N'ebe ọ dị elu na 1930, mmadụ iri anọ na iri ise na-arụ ọrụ na studio, nke, dị ka Connick dere n'uche ya, bụ "naanị na ike azụmahịa."  [1] onye nta njikọ na-eleta ụlọ ọrụ ya na 1931 kwuru, ikuku ndu nke dị n'ebe ahụ na-ekwu " Àgwà nke ndị na- Otu ya [bụ] nke otu onye na-ese ihe na onye ọzọ.  ... Ọ [Connick] isi, na-elekọta.  [2] Connick ụlọ ọrụ ya na azụmahịa ya nye ndị omenkà nke ajụjụ onye nkwado mgbe ọ nwụsịrị.  Ruo afọ 41 ụlọ ọrụ ahụ gara n'ihu na-anata ọrụ na windo imewe na omenala Connick.  Ndị ihe nkiri ahụ mechiri ogbako ya na 1986 n'ihi na ndị ọrụ na-aka nká na ụlọ elu nke oge a nke Copley Square na-eyi ọkụ ọkụ dị mkpa maka ọrụ ha.  Edobere windo ikpeazụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na Parish All Saints nke Brookline, Massachusetts .  [3] [4] N'oge na-adịghị anya ka emechiri, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nyere nchịkọta ya, ọrụ na ihe ndị isi ya na Boston Public Library .  [5] N'ihi ihe mere eme ya nile, Charles J. Connick Associates Studio ugboro ụfọdụ windo 15,000 n'ime ihe ụlọ ụlọ ụka 5,000 na ụlọ ọha. 

## Ntọala
The Charles J. Connick Stained Glass Foundation, Ltd., e hiwere ka emechiri studio na 1986. Ọrụ ya bụ "ịkwalite ezi nke agba dị ebube nke agba na iji ìhè ma na-eme ka omenala Connick nke iko nwere ike.  "  [1] Na Disemba 2008, ntọala ahụ nyere ihe na Massachusetts Institute of Technology 's Rotch Library of Architecture and Planning iji mkpokọta Charles J. Connick Stained Glass Foundation.  Adobe nwere foto, ihe mmịfe, windoenyo nwere ikike na ike, isiokwu, na akwụkwọ ma ntọala ma ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.  MIT ahazila mkpokọta ahụ wee mee ka ọ dị na ike.  

## Ebe ọrụ
Ihe na-esonụ bụ ndepụta ezughị ezu, ahaziri site na ọnọdụ, nke Connick nwere ntụpọ na-arụ ọrụ na United States.
 

## Ntụaka
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|333x333px| Nkọwa nke Heinz Chapel
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|250x250px| Window Connick dị na Heinz Chapel nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ 391 nwere ike amata, yana ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị nwoke na nwanyị nhata, sitere na okpukperechi yana akụkọ ụwa, egwu, sayensị, nkà ihe ọmụma, uri na akwụkwọ, gụnyere onye pirate a.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Charles J. Connick Stained Glass Foundation
* Massachusetts Historical Commission MACRIS Newtonville Alaka Ọbá akwụkwọ, Newton, MA

Vidiyo

* Njirimara akụkọ KDKA na Charles Connick

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations