Zapiro

**Jonathan Shapiro** (amụrụ 27 Ọktoba 1958) bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri South Africa, nke a maara dị ka **Zapiro**, onye ọrụ ya pụtara n'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ South Africa ma gosipụtagoro ya na mba ụwa n'ọtụtụ oge. Ọ bụ nwa nwanne nke onye dibịa afa Britain David Berglas na nwanne nwanne Marvin Berglas, onye nduzi nke Marvin's Magic .

## Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ Jonathan n'ime ezinụlọ ndị Juu na Cape Town, South Africa nye Gershon na Gaby Shapiro. Ọ gụrụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ na Mahadum Cape Town mana ọ hụrụ na ọ naghị enye afọ ojuju wee kwaga n'ogige ụlọ ọrụ nka, Michaelis . N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe nke a gasịrị, e debanyere ya n'òtù ndị agha afọ abụọ, bụ́ ebe ọ jụrụ ibu ngwá agha. N'afọ 1983, ọ ghọrọ onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike na òtù ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, United Democratic Front, n'ihi ya, e jidere ya n'okpuru iwu na-akwadoghị iwu na-akwadoghị, na mgbe e mesịrị, ndị agha na-enyocha ya. Zapiro bụ onye so na ya dị mkpa na Mgbasa Ozi Ọgwụgwụ nke South Africa, na-emepụta akara ngosi ya. Mgbe ọrụ agha ya gasịrị, ọ tinyere akwụkwọ maka ya wee nye ya akwụkwọ mmụta Fulbright iji mụọ katoon na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Visual Arts na New York afọ abụọ. 

Aha Zapiro sitere na aha otutu nwa akwukwo ibe ya na Rondebosch Boys' High School, Martin Szapiro, ndi enyi ya na-akpọ ya Zap. Mgbe Martin nwụsịrị n'ihe mberede ugwu, Zapiro họọrọ aha a. Akparamagwa Zapiro mbụ bụ agwa aha ya bụ Preppy, onye isi njirimara ya bụ ọnụ ọnụ ya, na onye kwuru okwu banyere ihe na-aga n'ụlọ akwụkwọ.

## Ọrụ
[thumb|260x260px| ''Zapiro'' depụtara katuunu nke [Nelson Mandela na ngosi akwụkwọ Göteborg 2010.]]
Shapiro malitere dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri nke South na 1987. Na 1988 Jonathan ejidere obere oge tupu ọ pụọ na nkuzi Fulbright ka ọ mụọ nka mgbasa ozi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ nke Visual Arts na New York. N'ebe ahụ, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru ndị isi ihe nkiri Art Spiegelman, Will Eisner na Harvey Kurtzman. 

Zapiro malitere dị ka onye na-ese ihe nkiri maka akwụkwọ akụkọ *South* na 1987, na mgbe ọ nọsịrị na New York, ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri maka *Sowetan* site na 1994 ruo 2005. Ihe nkiri ya pụtara na *Cape Argus* site na 1996 ruo 1997. Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri maka *Mail &amp;amp; Guardian* kemgbe 1994, *Sunday Times* kemgbe 1998 na kemgbe Septemba 2005 ọ pụtara ugboro atọ n'izu na *Cape Times*, *Star*, *Mercury* na *Pretoria News* . 

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ
Zapiro ebipụtala mkpokọta eserese 29 kwa afọ:

* Afọ Madiba (1996)
* Eziokwu Oghere (1997)
* Ọgwụgwụ akụkụ nke mbụ (1998)
* Kpọọ Mr Delivery (1999)
* Ekwensu mere ka m mee ya! (2000)
* ANC gara na 4x4 (2001)
* Bushwhacked (2002)
* Dr Do-Little na African Potato (2003)
* Ogologo ije ruo oge efu (2004)
* Enwere Dọkịta Spin n'ụlọ? (2005)
* Koodu Da Zuma (2006)
* Were Veg abụọ wee kpọọ m n'ụtụtụ (2007)
* Ndị pirates nke Polokwane (2008)
* Faịlụ Mandela (2008) - Nnukwu mkpuchi mkpuchi
* Ekwela ka gị na onye isi oche na-akpakọrịta (2009)
* Ị ma onye m bụ?! (2010) 
* Sushi ikpeazụ (2011)
* Ma Ọ Ga-eguzo n'Ụlọikpe? (2012)
* Agbamakwụkwọ Big Fat Gupta (2013)
* Mba Vuvuzela – Zapiro na egwuregwu SA 1995 – 2013 (2013)
* Onye kwuo uche ya (2014) 
* Ọ bụ koodu uhie! (2014) 
* Rhodes Rage (2015)
* Onye isi ala nwuru anwu (2016)
* Hasta la Gupta, nwa! (2017)
* WTF - ijide Zuma - Akụkọ nke onye na-ese foto (2018)
* Ka Sunshine na (2018)
* Kedu akụkụ dị elu Ihe osise nke Daily Maverick (2019)
* Zapiro kwa afọ 2020 : mee Macorona (2020)

### Ihe nrite na ihe ngosi
Shapiro ghọrọ onye na-ese ihe nkiri mbụ nwetara ihe nrite otu na CNN African Journalist of the Year Awards na 2001, wee nye ya onyinye nrite akwụkwọ akụkọ Mondi maka akwụkwọ akụkọ eserese na 2003 na 2004. N'otu afọ ahụ , Mahadum Transkei mere ya Dọkịta nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ. N'afọ 2005, Shapiro nwetara onyinye nturu ugo Prince Claus .

O meela ihe ngosi katoon solo na New York, London na Frankfurt na ọtụtụ ndị na South Africa, ma gosipụtakwala n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi otu na mpaghara na mba ụwa. Emere ngosi ya "Jiving with Madiba" na South Africa Juu Museum na Cape Town site na 14 Julaị ruo 27 Nọvemba 2011. Ọ bụrụla onye sonyere na mmemme katoon na Cameroon, Botswana, Australia, France, UK, Netherlands na Italy. N'afọ 2003 ọ bụ naanị onye nnọchite anya Africa n'etiti ndị na-ese eserese akpọrọ na World Economic Forum na Davos, Switzerland, ma ọ gara ọgbakọ ahụ ọzọ na 2004–2006. 

Na 2007, ọ nwetara obi ike na Editorial Cartooning Award na nri abalị Cartoonists Rights Network International kwa afọ, na-ekpuchi Mgbakọ 50th Anniversary nke Association of American Editorial Cartoonists . Na South African Cartoonists Awards na 2008 ọ meriri ihe nrite Katoon Humorist kacha mma.  Na 2009, ụlọ ọrụ mgbasa ozi nke South Africa nyere Zapiro onyinye nnwere onwe nke MISA maka afọ iri abụọ nke ọchị na satire na South Africa. 

## Nkatọ
Na 2003, ndị òtù nke Faith and Politics Institute, otu American òtù, gbara akwụkwọ mkpesa megide atọ nke cartoons na ihe ngosi maka eleta American congressional nnọchiteanya yana ndị òtù nke Institute. The cartoons na ajụjụ e gosiri mbụ American President Bill Clinton na US amụma nke "ahia na ọ bụghị enyemaka", na President George W. Bush na a weliri n'etiti mkpịsị aka na a ikwu na American unilateralism na Bush si stance na World Summit on Sustainable Development . 

N'afọ 2006, onye bụbu osote onye isi ala South Africa Jacob Zuma gara n'ihu n'ihe ọ na-ekwu na "ndị mgbasa ozi na-anwale" ma yie egwu na ọ ga-eweta ihe nkwutọ megide akụkụ dị iche iche nke ụlọ ọrụ nta akụkọ maka nkwupụta ọ boro ebubo na ọ bụ mkparị. Ihe dị ka nde R15 n'ime R63 nde rand nke ndị nnọchi anya iwu ya chọrọ bụ ihe gbasara eserese Zapiro.

Na 2008, Zapiro zutere iro ọzọ, oge a sitere n'aka pati na-achị South Africa, African National Congress (ANC) maka eserese nke pụtara na *Sunday Times* na 7 Septemba 2008. Ihe eserese a gosipụtara ebe ndị na-akwado ANC onye isi oche ( Jacob Zuma ) (ANC Youth League president Julius Malema, odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke ANC – Gwede Mantashe, odeakwụkwọ ukwu nke SACP Blade Nzimande na odeakwụkwọ izugbe Cosatu Zwelinzima Vavi ) nọ na-ejide Lady Justice . ya na Zuma nọ n'ụdị uwe na -akwado idina nwanyị Justice .  Mantashe, onye egosiri na katoon ahụ nwere afụ okwu nwere "Gaa maka ya, onyeisi", kpọrọ katoon ahụ "akparị agbụrụ", ebe ọnụ na-ekwuchitere ANC bụ Jesse Duarte kwuru na katoon ahụ bụ "jọrọ njọ, enweghị isi na ihe arụ". Zapiro jụrụ ịrịọ mgbaghara maka eserese ahụ. African National Congress, South African Communist Party na ANC Youth League wepụtara nkwupụta nkwonkwo dịka nzaghachi nkịtị na *Sunday Times*,  mgbe Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) wepụtara nkwupụta mgbasa ozi dị iche iche na-achọ mgbaghara. . 

Na 21 Mee 2010 *Mail and Guardian* bipụtara mpempe akwụkwọ sitere na Zapiro na-egosi Muhammed, dịka akụkụ nke Onye ọ bụla Dọrọ ụbọchị Mohammed .   Na 20 Mee 2010, M&G emeriela n'ụlọ ikpe nke awa nke iri na otu nke Council of theologians Muslim nyere iwu igbochi mbipụta nke eserese ahụ.  Otu izu ka e mesịrị, Zapiro wepụtara ọzọ cartoon na nzaghachi dị iche iche mmeghachi omume na mbụ cartoon. N'ime ya, o kwuru na ya ga-anabata na ndị ọzọ ga-adị mkpa n'ihe gbasara 'nyocha okpukperechi'.  Ụfọdụ hụrụ nke a  dị ka nkwupụta na ọ chere na nnwere onwe ikwu okwu ga-abụrịrị nke a kparịrị n'ihi ndị a kparịrị site na katoon ya nke gosipụtara Mohamed.

N'afọ 2016 katoon o bipụtara na-egosi onye isi ndị na-ahụ maka ikpe mba ụwa bụ Shaun Abrahams ka enwe katọrọ maka ịkpa ókè agbụrụ. Shapiro rịọrọ mgbaghara maka eserese ahụ na-ekwu na " *Emejọwo m ndị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị maka ụdị ihe ọ bụla. A wakporo m n'ihi eserese nke Jacob Zuma. Enwere m ike ịgbachitere, m ga-asị, 99% n'ime ha. Mgbe ụfọdụ, m na-eme. mmejọ… Nke a, ahụrụ m ugbu a dị ka ndudue* ” 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Webụsaịtị gọọmentị Zapiro
* Ebe nchekwa M&G Zapiro
* Zapiro na weebụsaịtị Sunday Times .
* Lambiek Comiclopedia biography.
* Meta-Archive Zapiro na-akwadoghị
* Profaịlụ Zapiro na eserese eserese na Africartoons.com
* Profaịlụ Zapiro na Cartoonist.co.za
* Zapiro na-akwadoghị
* IOL akụkọ
* Katuun Zapiro hapụrụ ANC na-afụ ụfụ
* Zapiro - faịlụ Mandela
* Ajụjụ ọnụ Zapiro
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations