open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Abdala Faye

**Abdala Faye** (amụrụ na Jenụwarị 1, 1971) bụ onye na-ese ihe na mgbasa ozi na Senegal, na onye otu ezinụlọ Serer Faye. Ọ bụ nwa nwa nke onye bụbu eze Senegal, Mbaye Ndiay Djaly.

## Mmalite ndụ
Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ, o gosipụtara ihe ngosi mbụ ya na Paris, France ma ree ihe osise ya niile. Site n'ụbọchị ahụ gaa n'ihu, Abdala mikpuru onwe ya na nka wee ghọọ onye na-ese ihe oge niile. Ọ maara na nka, ọ bụghị ọrụ gọọmentị, bụ ọkpụkpọ ndụ ya.

Faye malitere ịgagharị na kọntinent Afrịka na Europe mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ise.

Na Burkina Faso, Abdala mụtara usoro batik (ibipụta na ákwà na wax), na mudclothe (ibipụta n'elu ákwà nwere ngwakọta apịtị na ahịhịa).

## Ọrụ
E gosipụtara nka Abdala na ihe ngosi gburugburu ụwa nke gụnyere Senegal, Brazil, France, Belgium, Germany na United States.

Faye meghere Akebuland na Iowa City, IA USA.  Ụlọ ahịa ahụ na-ere ihe osise na ihe ndị ọzọ dị na Afrịka nke ndị obodo nta na Ndem, Senegal rụrụ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị ahụ bụ Abdala's batik and mudclothe designs and finger paintings.

N'afọ 2008, ọ kwagara Cincinnati, OH ebe ọ meghere The Faye Gallery.

Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ nka ya, Faye na-etinye oge ya na-akụ drum na bass guitar.  Ọ na-asụkwa ọtụtụ asụsụ nke ọma, gụnyere Wolof, Serer, Jola, French, English, Bambara, na Arabic.

## Ịkwụghachi Ụgwọ
Abdala na-enwe mmasị na inyeghachi obodo ihe.  Ọ bụ onye guzobere "Art Express". Art Express na-enyere ndị nwere nkwarụ aka site na nnwale nka n'agbanyeghị ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ha.  Ọ na-enyekwa onyinye ma na-ekerịta ozi dị mma nye ụmụ akwụkwọ nka na obodo ya.
 

## Ihe ngosi

* 2007 Ụlọ ngosi Guichard
* 2002 - 2005 Chait Gallery
* 2001 CFM Gallery
* 2001 Ụlọ ngosi ihe nkiri Marcum

## Ihe edeturu

## Ebensidee

* "Senegalese Quilts on Display," Iowa City Press-Citizen, March 11, 2004: 6.
* "Abdala Faye," Deanna Truman-Cook, Iowa City Press-Citizen, February 25, 2004: 10C.
* "Ịmụta igwu egwu site na ihe mgbu nke ịgbà," Julie K. Throm, The Daily Iowan, February 10, 2004: 7A.
* "Crowning Achievement," Amy Jennings, The Gazette, Jenụwarị 26, 2004: 1-2D.
* "Ọrụ Na Klas," Amir Efrati, The Gazette, Jenụwarị 28, 2004: 2D.
* "African Continues Resistance With Shop," D. Wole Murray-Ife, Iowa City Press Citizen, October 31, 2003: 6B.
* "Na Uptown Arts Gallery," Elisabeth Beasley, Uptown Bill's Newsletter, December 2002: 3.
* "Prince Abdel: A meriri onye na-eme ihere" Dakar Madin, May 2931, 1998: 1.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Oumou Sy

**Oumou Sy** (amụrụ n'afọ 1952 na Podor, Senegal) bụ onye na-emepụta ejiji nke Senegal nke a na-akpọkarị "Queen of Couture nke Senegal".

O guzobere otu Metissacana, nke na-akwado mgbanwe ọdịbendị na akụ na ụba n'etiti kọntinent. Ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na Dakar.

Ọ bụ onye na-emepụta ejiji ejiji na mba ụwa nke Senegal. E gosipụtara nchịkọta ya na  ngosi ejiji na Europe, Eshia, Africa, na US. O nwere ụlọ ahịa nke ya na Geneva na Paris. O mepụtara uwe maka ndị na-agụ egwú Senegalese Baaba Maal na Youssou N'Dour, ma nweta ihe nrite dị iche iche na mmemme ihe nkiri mba ụwa maka ejiji ya.

N'afọ 1998, Sy bụ otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta ejiji atọ n'Afrịka meriri Ihe nrite Principal Prince Claus Award; abụọ ndị ọzọ bụ Tetteh Adzedu si Ghana na Alphadi si Mali.

## Ebensidee

; Ebe ndị e si nweta ya

* 
* 
* 

; Ihe odide ikpeazụ

## Njikọ mpụga

* (in French) Oumousy.com - Official website
* (in French and English) Comite International de soutien à Oumou Sy (International Support Committee for Oumou Sy) - Summary of 2001's jailing over a Libyan/Senegalese affair
* 
* (in French) "Oumou Sy" at the French Wikipedia - large article, links to be scoured
* Oumou Sy na-ahụ ịhụnanya iji mara
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
William E. Smith (artist)

Williams "Skinny" Elijah Smith (1913), bụ ónyé Africa America na-ese ihe nkè a maara màkà ịchọpụta ahụmịhe ndị isi ojii na nka ya. Enyi na ónyé na-ede uri Langston Hughes kọwara ọrụ Smith dịka "ihe ọchị na mmetụta nke ndụ Negro nké e jidere na akara na agba".

## Ndụ onwe onye
A mụrụ William E. Smith na 1913 na Chattanooga, Tennessee. N'oge na-adịghị ányá mgbè nné ya nwụsịrị, Smith kwagara Cleveland, Ohio na 1927 ya na ụmụnne ya abụọ, iji sonyere nna ya. N'ihi mmegide nna ya megide ọchịchọ nka ya, Smith hapụrụ ụlọ na 1932, ebe ọ mụtara banyéré ihe isi ike na ọgụ nke ndụ kwa ụbọchị na Cleveland. Na-adị ndụ naanị na cents iri abụọ n'ụbọchị ma na-ebi n'okpuru ala nke Central Avenue's Grand Central Theatre, ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Oberlin abụọ, Russell na Rowena Jelliffe, ndị guzobere ihe a na-ewere ugbu a dị ka Karamu House, chọpụtara Smith. Mgbè ọ nwetasịrị afọ ise Gilpin Players' Scholarship, Smith gàrà John Huntington Polytechnic Institute na Cleveland site na 1935 ruo 1940. Ọ bụ n'oge ọmụmụ Smith na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ ka ọ malitere igosi na Cleveland Museum of Art's May Show kwa afọ, ebe a na-egosi ọrụ ya n'etiti 1936 na 1949. Smith gakwara n'ihu na-amụ ihe na Cleveland School of Art (nke a maara taa dị ka Cleveland Institute of Art) na Chouinard Art Institute na Los Angeles.

## Ọrụ nka

### Ọrụ mbụ
Na mbido afọ 1930, Smith malitere ọmụmụ ya na Karamu House n'okpuru nduzi nke ónyé nduzi Karamu House Studio Richard R. Beatty. Onye lithographer zụrụ na Carnegie Institute of Art na The School of The Art Institute of Chicago, Beatty jere ozi dị ka onye nduzi Smith na-enye ya ohere ịchọpụta usoro na ụdị dị íchè íchè nke obibi akwụkwọ. Site na mmetụta Beatty na 1932, Smith ghọrọ ónyé nkuzi nke nka nke Karamu House Studios. N'ịga n'ihu n'ọmụmụ ihe ya, Smith gàrà klas ụtụtụ Satọdee na Cleveland Museum n'okpuru nkuzi nke onye na-ese ihe Paul Travis.

Ebe ọ bụ na o mepụtara ọtụtụ ihe nkiri na ihe ngosi ma mepụta ihe karịrị ejiji iri atọ na Karamu House, nke a ma ama bụ ejiji ya màkà egwu Shirley Graham Du Bois, *Tom Tom*: An Epic of Music and the Negro (1932). E nyèrè Smith Gilpin Scholarship afọ ise iji gaa John Huntington Polytechnic Institute site n'afọ agụmakwụkwọ 1935 ruo 1940. Ụfọdụ ndị gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ bụ ndị na-ese ihe Charles L. Sallée Jr., Hughie Lee-Smith, na Elmer Brown.

## Nchịkọta ndị a họọrọ

* Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio
* Mahadum Steeti Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio
* Golden State Insurance Co., Los Angeles
* Mahadum Howard, Washington D.C.
* Ụlọ Karamu, Cleveland, Ohio
* Ọ́bá Akwụkwọ nke Congress, Washington D.C.
* Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie Oakland, Oakland, California
* Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

## Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ

## Edensibia
Viyé Diba

**Viyé Diba** (amụrụ n'afọ 1954) bụ onye Senegal na-eme ihe nkiri, ntinye ihe, na arụmọrụ. A maara ya maka iji ihe ndị a chọtara, mpaghara, ndị a na-ejighị n'aka, na ndị a rụgharịrị arụgharị n'ọrụ ya, na-egosipụta mmasị ya na isiokwu gburugburu ebe obibi. A gụnyere ọrụ Diba n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba ụwa, nke gụnyere DakāArt, Johannesburg Biennale, na Biennale dābidjan, ma gosipụta ya na ihe ngosi onwe ya na National Gallery na Dakar, Senegal. Enwere ike ịhụ ọrụ ya na North Carolina Museum of Art, Brooklyn Museum, na National Museum of African Art na Washington, D.C.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Diba nwetara nzere bachelọ na nka mara mma na National School of Fine Arts na Dakar, Senegal na 1979, nke soro ya bu inweta nzere afọ anọ ọzọ na agụmakwụkwọ nka na National School nke nka nke Senegal, kwa na Dakar. Diba nwetakwara PhD na Urban Geography site na Mahadum Nice na Nice, France, ebe edemede ya jiri mmetụta nke ọrụ mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi nke Dakar tụnyere nke Nice.

## Ọrụ
Ọrụ Diba dị ka onye na-ese ihe malitere na 1980s. Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ mbụ ya bụ ihe atụ, ọrụ Diba mechara jiri echiche kọwaa ụdị anya nke nka "ọdịnala" Africa na ịchọpụta ihe onwunwe nke oghere obodo. N'afọ 1998, e nyere ya Grand Prize na Dak'Art Biennial n'afọ 1998 maka Echappement, ọrụ mgbasa ozi na-agwakọta na canvas. Diba jere ozi dị ka prọfesọ nke nka anya na National School of Fine Arts nke Senegal kemgbe 1986.

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Abdelkhader Houamel

thumb|Abdelkhader Houamel
 

**Abdelkhader Houamel** (August 17, 1936 - July 11, 2018) bụ onye Algeria na-ese ihe. A mụrụ ya na N'Gaous, a na-ewere ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị guzobere ihe osise Algeria nke oge a.

N'agbata afọ 1955 na 1960, Abdelkhader Houamel bụ onye otu National Liberation Front dị ka akụkụ nke nkwenkwe ya na nke na-emegide ọchịchị ike. N'afọ 1960, e gosipụtara ọrụ Houamei na ngosi nke mbụ ya, na Salon des Arts na Tunis. Mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ malitere ịmụ ihe na Academy of Fine Arts na Rom. N'afọ 1963, ọ natara ihe nrite ọla edo na nka ndị Arab, kemgbe afọ 1967 ọ bụ isiokwu nke ọtụtụ ihe ngosi mba ụwa. N'afọ 1972, onye bụbu onye isi ala Algeria, Houari Boumedienne, nyere Houamei ihe ịchọ mma. Ọ bi na Ịtali kemgbe afọ 1960.

## Ebensidee

## Akwụkwọ

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Dario Micacchi, Galleria La Nuova Pesa. Rom
* Isiokwu Abdelkader Houamel (Mostra A Roma),Renato Guttuso, Palazzo Barberini, cat d'Art, 1982.
* D.Micacchi, presentazione in cartella di 5 litografie a colori *Algérie* Algérienne, Ed. Cantini.
* La Heyi di Houamel Abdelkader : Bottega dei Crociferi, Roma, cat Della mostra., 1962

## Njikọ mpụga

* Djazaires, akụkọ Liberte (n'asụsụ French)
* Okwu News paper
M'hamed Issiakhem

M'hamed Issiakhem (17 June 1928 - 1 December 1985) bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere ihe osise Algeria nke oge a.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ M'hamed Issiakhem na 17 June 1928 na Taboudoucht, obere obodo dị nso na Azeffoun, ihe dị ka kilomita iri anọ na atọ site na Tizi Ouzou (Algeria). N'afọ 1931, ezinụlọ ya kwagara Relizane ebe ọ nọrọ ihe ka ukwuu n'oge ọ bụ nwata. N'afọ 1943, o ji grenade zuru ohi, site n'ogige ndị agha France, nke gbawara. Ụmụnne nwanyị abụọ na nwa nwanne ya nwụrụ. N'ịbụ onye a kpọgara n'ụlọ ọgwụ afọ abụọ, aka ekpe ya tụfuru. N'agbata afọ 1947 na 1951 ọ nọ na Otu ụmụ akwụkwọ nkà eserese na  Ụlọ akwụkwọ nkà eserese nke Algiers ma soro ọmụmụ nke obere Omar Racim. N'etiti afọ 1953 na 1958 ọ gara Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Paris. Issiakhem hapụrụ France gaa Germany na 1958, wee gaa ọwụwa anyanwụ Germany ebe e guzobere ya ruo mgbe Algeria nweere onwe ya.
thumb|Ihe ngosi maka egwuregwu Kateb Yacine na Algiers, nke M'hamed Issiakhem dere na 1978
N'afọ 1962, Issiakhem laghachiri Algeria, ebe ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe nkiri nke Alger Republicain kwa ụbọchị. N'afọ 1963 ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere mbiakota mba nka plastik. Site na 1964 ruo 1966 ọ bụ onye isi nke ụlọ ọrụ na-ese ihe na School of Fine Arts na Algiers, na-agụnye n'etiti ụmụ akwụkwọ ya Ksenia Milicevic, onye nduzi na Ecole des Beaux-Arts nke Oran.

Site na 1965 ruo 1982 o mepụtara ụdị akwụkwọ ego Algeria yana ọtụtụ stampụ Algeria.

Ọ gara Vietnam na 1972 ma nata ihe nrite ọla edo na áhiá mba na mba nke Algiers maka ọrụ ya na Ministri nke Ọrụ na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya.

Site na 1973 ruo 1978 Issiakhem laghachiri na caricatures. N'afọ 1977, o mere ihe osise na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Algiers. Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs bipụtara broshuọ na Algiers nke Kateb Yacine dere okwu mbido n'okpuru aha Issiakhem's lynx Eyes and Americans, thirty-five years of hell of a painter. Issiakhem natara na 1980 ọdụm ọla edo mbụ nke Rome, nke UNESCO maka nka Africa. Ọ nwụrụ na 1 Disemba 1985 mgbe ọ rịasịrị ọrịa ogologo oge.

Na 17 June 2018, Google Doodle mere emume ncheta ọmụmụ Issiakhem nke afọ 90.

## Ebe mụ si dee
Cuthy Mede

Cuthy Mede bụ onye na-ese ihe na Malawi.

## Mmalite ndụ
A mụrụ Cuthy Mede nye nne na nna ndị Malawi na Zimbabwe na 1949. Ọ tolitere na Likoma Island na Lake Malawi. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ gụrụ Fine Arts na Chancellor College.

## Ọrụ
Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi na 1970s na *[[alma mater]]* ya. N'afọ 1980, Mede guzobere Gallerie Africaine, ụlọ ngosi nka mbụ nke onye na-ese ihe n'ógbè ahụ na Malawi. Mede gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Lilongwe's City Centre, na-ere ọrụ ya nye ndị nchịkọta mba ụwa. 

Mede gbara ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe na Malawi ume ka ha bụrụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị na-ere ahịa n'okporo ámá na-ere ihe osise ọdịnala na ihe osise osisi. O wetara ọrụ nka mara mma site n'aka ndị na-ese ihe ndị ọzọ na Malawi n'ime ụlọ ngosi ya. Otu ọrụ bụ maka nnukwu mgbidi na-achọ ụlọ ọrụ obodo ahụ mma. 

A maara Mede nke ọma maka ụdị nka nke oge a: nke oge a, nke ọdịnihu, nke cubist, na nke pointillist, nke nwere isiokwu mpaghara siri ike. Ihe osise ya na-egosi ndị obodo, ihe ndị mere n'akụkọ ihe mere eme na ihe ndị dị ugbu a na Malawi, ihe odide Bible na nkọwa mpaghara, okwu okpukpe ụmụ amaala, na ihe osise banyere echiche ndị dị ka Ikpe Ziri Ezi, Anyaukwu, Nwoke na ìgwè ọrụ.

## Ebensidee

## Ọgụgụ ihe ọzọ

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Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Betty Manyolo

**Estelle Betty Manyolo** (amụrụ n'afọ 1938) bụ onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ebi akwụkwọ na Uganda.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Betty Manyolo bụ onye Muganda, na otu n'ime ụmụ iri. Ọ gụrụ nka na School of Fine Art na Makerere College . Ka oge na-aga n'ọrụ ya, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ihe maka Ngalaba Ahụike nke Uganda.

## Ọrụ

"African Fable" - NARA - 558921.jpg|*Akụkọ ifo nke Africa*
"Cattle People" - NARA - 558922.jpg|*Ndị na-akpa ehi*
"Death in the Forest" - NARA - 558920.jpg|*Ọnwụ n'Ọhịa*
Betty Manyolo sere ihe n'akwụkwọ ahụ bụ Awo olwatuuka .

## Ihe ngosi
E gosipụtara ọtụtụ n'ime ihe osise linocut ya, tinyere ihe osise mmanụ, site na Harmon Foundation malite na 1961; a gụnyekwara ọrụ ya na Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibit of Contemporary African Printmakers site na 1966 ruo 1968.

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Nazli Madkour

**Nazli Madkour** ma ọ bụ Nāzlī Madkūr (amụrụ n'afọ 1949) bụ onye Egypt na-ese ihe nkiri.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Madkour na 25 Febụwarị 1949 na Cairo, Egypt. O nwere nzere BA na akụ na ụba na sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị site na Mahadum Cairo (1971), na diplọma na nchịkwa azụmahịa (1977) na nzere masta (1980) site na Mahadum America dị na Cairo. Akwụkwọ edemede masters ya bụ na Egyptian Defense Programs na mmetụta ha na mmepe nke Egypt.

Ọ rụrụ ọrụ maka United Nations dị ka onye nchọpụta na atụmatụ ezinụlọ site n'afọ 1972 ruo 1978, yana dị ka ọkachamara akụ na ụba na Industrial Development Centre for Arab States tupu ọ ghọọ onye na-ese ihe oge niile n'afọ 1981.

## Ọrụ nka
Madkour emeela ihe ngosi onwe ya kemgbe 1982 n'ọtụtụ ebe ngosi na Egypt na ebe ndị ọzọ, a na-enwekwa ọrụ ya na nchịkọta nke gụnyere nke Egyptian Modern Art Museum na Murray Edwards College, Cambridge.

N'afọ 1989, o dere akwụkwọ n'asụsụ Arabic nke a sụgharịrị dị ka Egyptian Women and Artistic Creativity, nke Association of Arab Women Solidarity bipụtara; Ngalaba Ozi Steeti bipụtara ya ọzọ n'asụsụ Bekee n'afọ 1993 dị ka Women and Art in Egypt.

N'afọ 2005, o sere obere mbipụta nke Arabian Nights and Days nke Naguib Mahfouz maka American Limited Editions Club; e gosipụtara ihe osise ahụ na Corcoran Gallery na Washington, D.C. n'afọ 2005.

## Akwụkwọ ndị a họọrọ

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* 

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Zeinixx

**Dieynaba Sidibé** (amụrụ na Julaị 2, 1990), nke a maara nke ọma dị ka **Zeinixx**, bụ onye Senegal na-ede uri slam, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-eme ihe.

## Afọ ndị mbụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Sidibé na mpụga ọdụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè Thiaroye, o wee too na Dakar. Mgbe ọ bụ nwatakịrị, ọ na-ejikarị ego ya eme ihe eji na-ese ihe. Nne ya achọghị ka ọ bụrụ onye na-ese ihe, ya mere otu ụbọchị ọ tụfuru ihe osise Sidibé niile. Ọ chọrọ ka nwa ya nwanyị bụrụ dọkịta. Otú ọ dị, Sidibé gara n'ihu na-ese ihe. Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asatọ, ọ malitere ịzụlite mmasị na omenala hip-hop na uri slam ya mere ọ banyere na graffiti. N'afọ 2008, ọ kwụsịrị ịmụ ọmụmụ njikwa iji tinye oge ya na graffiti. Ọ ghọrọ onye otu hip-hop na Africulturban Center na mpụga Dakar, ebe ọ nụchara nkà ya na eserese.

## Ọrụ
N'afọ 2009, mgbe ọ dị afọ iri abụọ na anọ, a maara ya dị ka nwanyị mbụ na-ese ihe na Senegal. Kemgbe mmalite nke ọrụ ya, a maara onye a ma ama na-ese ihe na Senegal Grafixx al Mukhtar dị ka onye kuziri ya. Dị ka ụzọ isi sọpụrụ Grafixx al Mukhtar, ọ kpọrọ onwe ya Zeinixx, nke bụ ngwakọta nke aha ya Zeina na aha ya Grafixx.

Sidibé na-eji ihe odide ya eme mkpọsa maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị na ikwu okwu banyere nsogbu mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na gburugburu ebe obibi. Isiokwu ụmụ nwanyị na-apụta ugboro ugboro n'ọrụ ya, nke na-egosipụtakwa ọnọdụ ụmụ nwanyị na mpaghara Sahara nke Afrịka.

Kwa afọ, maka International Women's Rights Day na Maachị 8, ọ na-ekere òkè na Women Life project, nnọkọ ederede a haziri maka oge ahụ.

Enwere ike ịchọta ihe odide ya na mgbidi nke Dakar, nke gụnyere ihu nke US Embassy na Senegal.

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Yegizaw Michael

**Yegizaw Michael** bụ onye omenkà ama ama na Eritrea. O gosipụtara nka ya na mba dị iche iche nke Eritrea, Kenya, Uganda, United States na Austria ma merie ọtụtụ ihe nrite na onyinye. N'afọ 1995, ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe kacha mma n'afọ na Kenya. Ọ bụkwa onye mmeri ugboro abụọ nke Eritrea's *Raimok* National Art Award maka 1996 na 1997. N'afọ 1997, Yegizaw bụ onye malitere, onye nhazi na onye nduzi ihe nkiri nke Artists Against AIDS national awareness campaign na Eritrea. *Ndị na-ese ihe* megide ọrịa AIDS gụnyere ihe karịrị ndị na-ese egwu, ndị na-eti egwu, ndị-ede uri Eritrea iri atọ ndị jikọrọ aka na mkpọsa mba niile iji kụziere ma mee ka ndị mmadụ mara banyere ọdachi nke ọrịa AIDS. Mgbe ọ kwagara US (ebe ọ bi ugbu a) o mepụtara ọtụtụ mosaics dị ka Seattle Children Art Museum na ndị ọzọ.

## Ebensidee

## Njikọ mpụga

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Simon Gush

**Simon Gush** (amụrụ n'afọ 1981) bụ onye na-ese ihe na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Ọ bi na Johannesburg, South Africa. Ihe osise ya na ihe nkiri edemede ya na-enyocha ihe oyiyi nke ọrụ, ụkpụrụ ọrụ, usoro ọrụ nke kpụrụ Johannesburg.

## Ọrụ
Ọrụ ya bara uru na-eduzi n'ụzọ bụ isi site na nnyocha; ọ na-enweta mkpali ya na ederede dị iche iche, ihe nkiri, egwu oge ochie na ọdịbendị a ma ama. Gush na-ebu ụzọ weghara ma mezigharịa ihe na ahụmịhe site na ndụ kwa ụbọchị ka ọ na-anwa iche echiche banyere ụzọ gọọmentị na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị si arụ ọrụ site na quotient.

## Ọbara uhie
N'afọ 2014, Gush mepụtara ihe ngosi Red banyere ọgba aghara ọrụ nke 1990 na ụlọ ọrụ Mercedes Benz dị na East London, South Africa. Ihe ngosi ahụ gụnyere nrụzigharị nke ụgbọala Mercedes na-acha ọbara ọbara nke a rụrụ maka Nelson Mandela, ntinye nke nrụzigharị na-eche n'echiche nke ejiji ndị na-eme ngagharị iwe nke Mokotjo Mohulo, na àkwà ndị na-eji eme ngagharị iwe. Isi ihe ngosi ahụ bụ ihe nkiri Red, nke ya na James Cairns jikọrọ aka mee.

## Ihe nkiri

* Sunday Light (2013)
* Red (2014 na James Cairns)
* *Iseeyou* (2014)
* *Calvin na ezumike* (2014)
* *Nigel dị umengwụ* (2015)
* *Enweghị Ìhè* (2016)
* *Mwakpo* (2017)

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị
* Stevenson Gallery - Simon Gush
* 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Robert Paul (painter)

**Robert Fowler Paul** (12 Maachị 1906 -September 1980) bụ onye na-ese ihe n'ala Rhodesia.

A mụrụ Paul na Sutton, Surrey, England. Ọ sonyeere ndị uwe ojii Rhodesia, ndị uwe ojii British South Africa, na 1927, n'oge ọ na-agagharị n'afọ ndị mbụ ya, ọ hụrụ ala dị n'ógbè ahụ n'anya.  N'ịbụ onye nkuzi onwe ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe, ọ na-ewekarị akwụkwọ eserese ya na njem ya, na-edekọ ime obodo na-agafe agafe.  John Piper na Ivon Hitchens gbara ya ume ise ihe, bụ ndị mere ka ọ mara ọrụ Georges Braque na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe.  Paul lara ezumike nká n'ọrụ ahụ n'afọ 1951 iji see ihe n'oge niile.  A na-ewere ya dị ka onye na-ese ihe kachasị na Rhodesia ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ na 1979; enwere ike ịchọta ọrụ ya na National Gallery nke Zimbabwe.

## Ebensidee

## Ọgụgụ ihe ọzọ

* Arnold, Marion, 1981/82: *Ndị* na-ese ihe anọ na Zimbabwe; Arts Zimbabwe No. 2
* Black, Colin, 1970: Profile: Robert Paul - Hose that Canvas Down! na Illustrated Life Rhodesia 9 Eprel 1970
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Lynton, Norbet, 1993: Landscape dị ka Ahụmahụ na Ọhụụ. N'ebe ọdịdị ọhụrụ. London: Bernard Jacobson Limited.
Nzante Spee

**Sunday Nzante Spee** (Mbem, 1953 - California, USA May 25, 2005) bụ onye na-ese ihe na Cameroon.

Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, ọ na-eme ihe osise na ihe ịchọ mma ụfọdụ n'ihu. Site n'afọ 1976 ruo 1982, ọ gara Fine Arts School nke Nigeria na Ivory Coast.

N'agbanyeghị ihe isi ike nke inwe ọrụ nka na Cameroon, o kpebiri iguzobe ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ ọzụzụ na Bamenda, Spee Art Center, *ebe* ọ nwere ike iji ọrụ ya na-ebi ndụ, ọ metụtakwara ọgbọ ndị na-esote.

Ụdị ya, site na cubism ruo surrealism ma na-ekwu maka ihe na-enweghị isi ma jupụta na ọchị na-akpali akpali, na-agwụcha n'ụwa ihe osise ebe a na-agwakọta okwu ndị a niile na ihe a na-akpọ oge ịgbaze.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe Spee Art Center dị
* Peeji nke Peter Herrmann gallery
* Foto Google
Tom Stone (photographer)

**Tom Stone** (amụrụ n'ubochí irí na abụọ n'ọnwa Julaị, 1971) bụ ónyé America na-ese foto màkà enyemaka. Ọrụ ya na-egosi ọdịiche dị n'etiti nrọ America na eziokwu America, nke a na-ejide n'ụzọ doro ányá site na ihu ndị na-akọwa ndị bi na mpụga ọha mmadụ. A maara ya nkè ọma màkà foto ya nke ndị si n'èzí, ndị gbárá ọsọ ndụ na ndị na-enweghị ebe obibi na California.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ ya na Pullman compartment n'ụgbọ okporo ígwè na mpụga Mexico City na-aga Puerto Ángel na Oaxaca, Mexico, Tom Stone nọrọ n'afọ ndị mbụ ya na nné ya, Raya Ra, na nna ya, Tony Washington (ndị nne na nna abụọ na-eji aha efu). N'ajụjụ ọnụ a gbárá ya n'oge na-adịbeghị ányá, ọ tụlere na a na-emegbu nné ya; na, egwu màkà nchekwa ya (na nke nwa ya nwoke), "fụpụrụ" na mbụ "na-ehi ụra n'ime ọhịa n'ógbè ndị bara ọgaranya na L.A. ma mesịa sonye n'ezinụlọ Source a ma ama.

N'inye aha Aquarian Sound site n'aka Nnà Yod, Stone na nné ya (nke a kpọrọ Astral) biri na Hawaii na ezinụlọ n'ime afọ atọ sochirinụ. Stone so Astral na enyi ya nwoke, Djin Aquarian (ónyé na-eduzi egwu nke Yahowha 13) biri rụọ Mgbé ọ dị afọ 12. O mechara si Hawaii kwaga L.A. gaa Seattle ma laghachi L.A, ebe mmadụ atọ ahụ nọrọ ọnwa atọ bi na van n'okporo ámá Venice.

## Nkà na ọrụ
E gosipụtara ọrụ Stone na gallery na  omume, dị ka, San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Artist's Gallery. [citation needed] Foto ya na-enweta nlebara ányá ngwa ngwa màkà ndị America na-enweghị ebe óbíbí na ndị na-ata ahụhụ, na nlebara aha dị otú ahụ na-achọ ka ndị na-ekiri ya metụta ndụ ndị na-enweghị ụlọ n'ọbọdọ ha, ma na-akụziri ha inyere ha aka. Ụlọ ngosi DNJ na Santa Monica, CA na-anọchite anya ya.

Stone egosila ọrụ na Los Angeles, San Francisco, Miami, na Freiburg, Germany. E bipụtara ya n'ụzọ sara mbara, gụnyere ònyínyé na-aga n'ihu na Rolling Stone na Alternative Press.

## Edensibia

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

*  (Cover photograph by Tom Stone)

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Flickr
* Facebook Fan Page
* Ajụjụ ọnụ: Soggybones Magazine (Mgbasa 1: peeji nke 4663)
* Ajụjụ ọnụ: Soulpancake
* Ajụjụ ọnụ: Marinscope
* Ajụjụ ọnụ (Video): Comcast TV
* Akụkọ ndụ n'etiti obodo
* Foto Life.com sitere na Desperate housewives na-erite uru
* Foto Fotoglif sitere na Desperate housewives uru
* Foto Zimbio sitere na Desperate housewives uru
* Ebe e si nweta ya Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ezinụlọ
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Max Siedentopf

Maximilian "Max" Siedentopf (amụrụ na 27 June 1991) bụ onye na-ese ihe na Namibia-German, onye na-emepụta ihe, onye na-ebipụta akwụkwọ na onye nduzi.  A maara ya maka ịtọ ntọala nke akpọrọ *Toto* Forever na Namib Desert nke nwere mgbanaka nke nnukwu blọk ọcha n'elu nke ndị ọkà okwu isii na-ejikọta na onye ọkpụkpọ MP3 na-eji ike anyanwụ eme ihe nke a haziri iji nọgide na-akpọ egwu 1982 *Africa* site n'aka ndị America *Toto*. E kpugheghi kpọmkwem ebe ihe ntinye ahụ dị.

## Mmalite ndụ
Siedentopf tolitere n'obodo Windhoek na Namibia, ma na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ na Berlin, Los Angeles, Amsterdam, na London.  Ọ bụbu onye na-egwu mmiri asọmpi.

## Ọrụ
Na June 2019, Siedentopf pụtara na vidiyo egwu maka "Mine Right Now", abụ nke onye na-agụ egwu Norwegian Sigrid. Nke a bụ n'ihi na a kagbuola ụgbọ elu Sigrid, onye na-agụ egwu ahụ enweghị ike ịpụta na vidiyo ahụ n'onwe ya.

## Ihe odide

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mansour Sora Wade

**Mansour Sora Wade** (amụrụ n'afọ 1952, na Dakar) bụ onye nduzi ihe nkiri Senegalese nke ndị Lebou. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Paris 8 wee gaa n'ihu na-eduzi ihe ndekọ audiovisual maka Ministri Ọdịbendị nke Senegal, ọrụ o nwere site na 1977 ruo 1985. Ọ malitere ime ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi n'afọ 1983. N'afọ 2002 ọ meriri Ihe nrite Tanit d'or.

## Akụkụ ihe nkiri
thumb|Aïda Souka

* 1983 : Ọdịiche (CM)
* 1989 : Fary l'Anesse (CM)
* 1990 : *Taal Pexx*
* 1992 : *Picc Mi* (CM)
* 1993 : *Aida Souka*
* 2002 : *Ndeysaan* ma ọ bụ Ihe Nrite Mgbaghara (LM)
* 2009 : *Ọkụ nke Mansaré*

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Tavares Strachan

**Tavares Henderson Strachan** (amụrụ n'ubochí irí na isii n'ọnwa Disemba, 1979) bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na Bahamian. Ihe owuwu mgbasa ozi ya nke ógè a na-enyocha sayensị, teknụzụ, akụkọ ifo, akụkọ ihe méré eme, na nyocha. Ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na New York City na Nassau, Bahamas.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Strachan na Nassau, Bahamas n'ubochí irí na isii n'ọnwa Disemba, 1979. A matara Strachan nka mgbe ọ bụ nwatakịrị site na itinye aka n'ezinụlọ ya na Junkanoo, mmemme akụkọ ihe mere eme na mmemme ọdịbendị na-agụnye egwu, ịgba egwu, na ejiji dị ichè ichè nke ndị otu na-asọmpi ji aka mee.

Na mbụ, Strachan bụ ónyé na-ese ihe, ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta Associate of Fine Arts na College of the Bahamas na 1999. N'afọ 2000, ọ kwagara na United States iji debanye aha na ngalaba iko na Rhode Island School of Design, ebe ọ malitere ịchụso ọrụ ndị ọzọ nke ga-ebute ụzọ isiokwu ndị a ma ama na obéré ịma mmá nke ọrụ ya mgbè e mesịrị. Mgbè ọ gụsịrị nzere Bachelor of Fine Arts na Rhode Island School of Design na 2003, Strachan gara n'ihu nweta nzere Master of Fine Arts ya na Sculpture na Mahadum Yale na 2006.

## Ọrụ
Omume Strachanis nwèrè oké ọchịchọ na nke na-emeghe agwụ na-enyocha njikọ nke nka, sayensị, na gbụrụ-gbúrụ ebe obibi, ma gụnye mmekọrịta ya na ọtụtụ òtù na ụlọ ọrụ gafee ọzụzụ ahụ.

## Ònyínyé na nsọpụrụ
Nkwado ya gụnyere Inaugural Allen Institute artist-in-residence (2018), LACMA Art + Technology Lab artist grant (2014), Tiffany Foundation grant (2008), Grand Arts Residency Fellowship (2007), na Alice B. Kimball fellowship (2006). N'afọ 2013, ọ nọchitere anya Bahamas na 55th Venice Biennale.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Heinrich Egersdörfer

thumb|
thumb|
Heinrich "Heiner" Egersdörfer (1853 Nuremberg, Germany - 29 Eprel 1915 St. Pancras, London), bụ onye Germany na-ese ihe, onye na-ese onyinyo na onye na-eme ihe nkiri. O bi na South Africa.

N'ịbụ onye sitere n'ezinụlọ nwere nka (ụmụnne ya nwoke Andreas Egersdörfer (1866-1914) na Konrad Egersdöfer (1868-) bụ ndị na-ese ihe ma ha abụọ nwụrụ na Agha Ụwa Mbụ), a zụrụ ya dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ na Germany ma rụọ ọrụ maka *Leipziger Illustrierten Zeitung*. O sonyere na Agha Franco-Prussian nke afọ 1870, wee rụọ ọrụ na England, tupu ọ kwaga South Africa na 1879. N'afọ 1884, ya na ndị mmekọ ya guzobere The South African Illustrated News na Cape Town. Ihe osise ya na ihe na-abụkarị n'ụzọ dị mfe, bụ ihe ndekọ ndụ bara uru na Cape Colony ma jiri ya mee ihe na mbipụta mpaghara. The South African Illustrated News bịara nnọọ na njedebe n'afọ 1885 wee gaa Australia, iji laghachi afọ iri ka e mesịrị. Ọnọdụ akụ na ụba ka mma n'oge ọ na-anọghị ya, ọ gara Kimberley, Witwatersrand na Rhodesia. Ọ malitere ise ihe ọmụmụ anụ ọhịa, nke chọtara ahịa dị njikere na ọrụ ya pụtara na The Cape Argus, The Owl na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị ọzọ. O gosipụtara ọtụtụ ihe omume na ihe nkiri sitere na Agha Anglo-Boer, ụfọdụ n'ime ha bipụtara na *The South African Review Book of 50 Famous Cartoons - A Unique Souvenir of the Anglo-Boor War 1899-1900*. N'agbata afọ 1899 na 1901 ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye nta akụkọ obodo maka The Graphic, ọtụtụ n'ime *ihe osise* ya na-apụta kwa izu ruo 1908. N'afọ 1902 na 1903, o gosipụtara na South African Society of Artists (SASA). Enwere ike ịchọta ihe osise mbụ nke Egersdörfer n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ngosi nka South Africa na n'ụlọ ngosi nka Africana. Nanị foto ya a maara pụtara na mgbakwunye The Cape Argus Weekly Edition na "Famous South African Artists" na 26 Disemba afọ 1906. Site na ọnwụ nke nwunye ya, Mary Jane Creaney na 1901(?1903), na nke nwa ya nwoke Heinrich (1896-1910), na nsogbu ego, ọ laghachiri Europe na London ebe ọ nwụrụ na 1915. Nwa mbụ ya nwoke, Friedrich, amụrụ na Melbourne, Australia na 13 June afọ 1894, nwụrụ na 6 November 1970.

## Ebensidee

* Usoro ọmụmụ Egersdörfer
* *Heinrich Egersdörfer* (Nverna Boekhandel, Cape Town, 1960)

## Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ

* Akwụkwọ South African Review nke ihe nkiri 50 a ma ama: Ihe ncheta pụrụ iche nke Anglo-Boer War, 1899-1900 (Onye mbipụta: W.A. Richards 1900) ASIN: B0008COXV2

## Njikọ mpụga
Media related to Heinrich Egersdörfer at Wikimedia Commons
Cyprien Tokoudagba

thumb
**Cyprien Tokoudagba** (1939 - 5 Mee 2012) bụ onye na-ese ihe si na Abomey, Benin.

Ọ malitere ịrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eweghachi ihe ngosi nka Abomey n'afọ 1987, mgbe e were ya n'ọrụ iji mepụta ihe osise mbụ nke kọrọ ọtụtụ akụkọ na akụkọ Dahomey mgbe ọ na-eme emume ndị eze n'otu n'otu maka ihu obí eze ọhụrụ Eze Glelé, n'etiti obí eze nke Abomey nke gọọmentị Benin dozighachiriri.

Tokoudagba gara n'ihu na omenala nke bas-relief ọ bụ ezie na ojiji nke simenti na ihe osise na-ere ahịa, ebe ọ na-emepụta ọrụ na canvas, frescoes na ihe ọkpụkpụ. N'afọ 1989, Cyprien hapụrụ Benin iji gosipụta na SãoMagiciens de la Terreʹ na Paris, France. E gosipụtara ọrụ Tokoudagba na mmemme "Ouidah '92", nke mere emume nka Vodun sitere na Benin na African Diaspora na Ouidah, Benin na Febụwarị 1993.
E gosikwara ọrụ ya na ebe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie ndị a: ụlọ ọrụ Smithsonian - National Museum of African Art, Washington, DC; Musée Dapper, Paris, France; Museum Kunst Palast, Düsseldorf, Germany; Hayward Gallery, London, Englands; Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris, Francia; Mori Art Museum, Tokyo, Japan; São Paulo Biennale, Brazil.

## Ebensidee
Jimmy Lee Sudduth

thumb|Ihe osise '''Jimmy Lee Sudduth'''
**Jimmy Lee Sudduth** (n'ubochí irí n'ọnwa Machi, 1910 rụo ụbọchị abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba, 2007) https://web.archive.org/web/20070908061235/http://www.montgomeryadvertiser.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070906/NEWS02/709060332/1009 bụ ónyé a ma ama na-ese ihe na ónyé na-eti egwu na Fayette, Alabama, U.S.

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Jimmy Lee Sudduth n'ubochí irí n'ọnwa Machi, 1910. A zụlitere ya n'ugbo dị na Caines Ridge, nso Fayette, Alabama. Ọ malitere ime ihe osise mgbè ọ bụ nwatakịrị, jiri ụmụ bebi osisi a tụrụ n'aka gbaa veranda ụlọ nné na nnà ya gbụrụ-gbúrụ ma na-ese ihe na unyi ma ọ bụ n'elu ogwe osisi n'èzí. Ka a maara nkà ya n'ọbọdọ ahụ, ọ malitere ịnakọta ihe na-acha odo odo site na ala, osisi nkume, nri, na ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ maka iji mee ihe na mkpịsị aka ya. O ji mkpịsị aka ya mee ihe n'ihi na "ọ dịghị mgbè ha gwụrụ". A na-arụkarị ọtụtụ ọrụ ya n'elu ebe ndị a chọtara dị ka plywood, ọnụ ụzọ, na bọọdụ sitere na ụlọ ndị a kwatuworo. Ọ nwalere ịgwakọta ihe na-acha anụnụ anụnụ ya na ihe dị iche iche iji mee ka ha na-arapara nke ọma, gụnyere syrup, shuga, ihe ọṅụṅụ, na caulk.
### Ọrụ
E mèrè ihe ngosi nka ọha na eze mbụ ya na 1968 na Stillman College na Tuscaloosa. Ihe ngosi nke 1971 n'ọbọdọ ya bụ Fayette nwetara nlebara anya mpaghara ma, malite n'afọ ahụ, ọ ghọrọ ónyé na-ese ihe na Kentuck Festival of the Arts kwa afọ na Northport, Alabama. N'afọ 1976, a kpọrọ ya ka ọ kpọọ harmonica ma gosipụta ụfọdụ ihe osise ya na Smithsonian Institution's Bicentennial Festival of American Folk Life. Ọ pụtara na Today Show na *60 Minutes* na 1980. A na-asọpụrụ ya na Alabama Arts Award na 1995 ma jee ozi dị ka ónyé na-ese ihe na-ebi na New Orleans Museum of Art . A na-egosipụta ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ nchịkọta, gụnyere Smithsonian American Art Museum, High Museum of Art, Corcoran Gallery, Birmingham Museum of Art na House of Blues.

### Ọnwụ
N'ịbụ ónyé jụrụ ịhapụ ụlọ ya ruo mgbè o nwere ike, Sudduth nọrọ afọ ikpeazụ ya na Fayette Nursing Home. Ọ nwụrụ na Fayette Medical Center n'ubochí abụọ n'ọnwa Septemba, 2007, mgbè ọ dị afọ irí itoolu na asaá.

## Ihe ngosi onwe onye

* Montgomery Museum of Fine Arts, Montgomery, Alabama. Jenụwarị 15 - Machị 27, 2005, nke Susan Mitchell Crawley haziri

## Edensibia

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* Crawley, Susan Mitchell, na ndị ọzọ. *Ndụ na nka nke Jimmy Lee Sudduth*. Montgomery, Alabama: Montgomery Museum of Fine Arts na River City Publishing, 2005.  ISBN 
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Museum of American Folk Art Encyclopedia of Twentieth Century American Folk Art and Artists*. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
* Kemp, Kathy, na Keith Boyer. Mkpughe: Ndị na-ese ihe nkiri nke Alabama. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
Ben Jay Crossman

thumb|Ben Jay Crossman
 

**Ben Jay Crossman** bụ onye a mụrụ na Britain na South Africa nke a zụlitere n'ụdị ihe osise n'okporo ámá, onye na-ese ihe, onye na-ese ihe osise, onye na na-ese foto, onye na-emepụta ihe nkiri na onye nduzi, nke a maara maka mmekọrịta ya na Roger Ballen na Die Antwoord.

## Ọrụ

### Veronika
N'agbata afọ 2010 na afọ 2015, Crossman sere ihe osise ya n'okporo ámá n'okpuru aha nwa okorobịa aha ya bụ Veronika.

Ihe nkiri dị mkpirikpi banyere nwa okorobịa aha ya bụ Veronika, nke Crossman duziri, nke e mepụtara maka 48 Hour Film Project Johannesburg 2012, nwetara ọnọdụ nke abụọ n'ozuzu yana onyinye maka nhazi, mmetụta pụrụ iche na imewe ụda.

### Okporo ámá nke Fietas
N'agbata afọ 2010 na afọ 2012, Crossman mere ihe nkiri ma wepụta "The Streets of Fietas."

Usoro mkpirikpi nke akụkụ atọ ahụ na-agbaso ndụ nke ndị na-enye aka ma na-emetụta usoro ọjọọ nke ịda ogbenye, mpụ na iji ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe na Fiestaas, otu n'ime mpaghara ndị kasị daa ogbenye na Johannesburg.

### Van Coke Kartel
N'afọ 2013, Crossman mere ihe nkiri ma duzie vidiyo egwu maka Van Coke Kartel, na-egosi Jack Parow.

### Roger Ballen
Na-arụkọ ọrụ na Roger Ballen na ọrụ nka ya ọtụtụ afọ na ogige ndị ogbenye nke South Africa, Crossman duziri, mee ihe nkiri ma dezie Roger Ballen's Asylum of the Birds (2014) na Roger Ballens's Outland (2015).

### Die Antwoord
N'agbata afọ 2009 na 2016, Crossman so Die Antwoord rụọ ọrụ ma soro ya mee njem dị ka onye na-ahụ maka nka, onye na-ese foto na onye na-eme vidio.

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Valerie Desmore

**Valerie Elizabeth Desmore** (1925 na 14 Ọgọst 2008) bụ onye na-ese ihe na onye na-emepụta ihe na South Africa, nke bi na London.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Valerie Desmore na Cape Town, South Africa. Nne na nna ya bụ ndị nkuzi; nna ya, Abe J. B. Desmore, bụ "onye isi ọgụgụ isi" nke nwere nzere masta na agụmakwụkwọ site na Teachers College, Mahadum Columbia. N'ịbụ onye na-eche ohere ole na ole maka agụmakwụkwọ ọzọ ihu, ọ hapụrụ South Africa gaa London n'afọ 1946, iji mụọ ihe na Slade School of Fine Art. Mgbe ọ hapụsịrị Slade, ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Vienna na Oskar Kokoschka.

## Ọrụ
Mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na ụma, na 1943, Desmore nwere ihe ngosi ọha na eze nke nka ya na Herbert Stanley Argus Gallery, nke nwere ike ịbụ ihe ngosi mbụ dị otú ahụ site n'aka nwanyị na-ese ihe nke a na-akpọ "onye esere ihe na-ahụ" na Cape Town.  N'afọ 1951, ọ malitere ịmụ imepụta ejiji, ma mepụta ọtụtụ nchịkọta n'afọ ndị 1960. Ọ meghere ụlọ ahịa na Covent Garden na 1978, ma mepụta uwe maka Marks na Spencer ruo afọ iri na asatọ, mgbe ọ ka na-ese ihe n'oge ezumike ya.

Ọ laghachiri South Africa ileta na 1997, mgbe e gosipụtara ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi a na-akpọ Land and Lives nke Elza Miles haziri.

## Ihe Ncseta
Desmore nwụrụ na London n'afọ 2008. N'afọ 2012, onye nlekọta Nontobeko Ntombela mepụtara *ihe* ngosi na Johannesburg Art Gallery, nke a na-akpọ A Fragile Archive, na-egosi ọrụ Gladys Mgudlandlu na Desmore.

## Ihe odide
Anta Germane Gaye

**Anta Germane Gaye** (amụrụ n'afọ 1953) bụ onye Senegal na-ese ihe na onye na-akpụ ihe ọkpụkpụ.

## Ihe ngosi

* 1998: Pont (ihe a tụrụ atụ), Goethe Institute, Saint-Louis
* 1996: Ndị ikpeazụ maka Onye isi ala nke Republic Prize for the Arts, Dakar
* 1995: Signes Plus (Helsen), Ụlọ Ọdịbendị nke Saint-Gervais, Geneva
* 1991: Salon d'automne, Grand Palais, Paris
* 1990: Unita Festival, Pian di Massiano, Perugia, Ịtali
* 1987: *Ihe osise megide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ*, Dynamic Museum Dakar
* 1985: Nzukọ American-Senegalese, National Art Gallery of Dakar
* 1983: Cossaan (ọdịnala) Daniel Sorano National Theatre of Dakar

## Ebensidee

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Areej Zarrouq

**Areej Tayseer Zarrouq** bụ nwanyị Sudanese na-eduzi ihe nkiri,  odee na onye na-emepụta ihe. Ọ bụ onye otu Sudan Film Factory na Khartoum, ebe ọdịbendị nwere onwe ya, na-akwalite ọzụzụ, mmepụta na nkwalite nke ihe nkiri na Sudan.

Zarrouq nwetara BA ya na ọmụmụ mgbasa ozi na Mahadum City Cairo . Ihe nkiri ya dị mkpirikpi Orange Tint (2010), nke e mere site n'enyemaka nke Goethe Institute na Khartoum, nyochara otu ụbọchị na ndụ otu ụmụ agbọghọ Sudanese na Kharthum. Ọ na-ekwu maka echiche ha na-abụghị nke omenala.

## Ihe nkiri

* Orange tint, 2010. Nkeji ịrị abụọ na ihe

## Ebensidee

## Njikọ mpụga

* 
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Rozzell Sykes

Rozzell **Sykes** (ubochí irí abụọ na isé n'ọnwa Disemba, 1931 rụo ụbọchị irí na asatọ n'ọnwa Disemba, 1994) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe, nke bi na Los Angeles, California.  A maara ya nkè ọma dị ka onye guzobere St. Elmo Village, ọrụ mmezigharị ọbọdọ.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Rozzell Sykes na Aberdeen, Mississippi, nwa Anna Bell Clay na Cleveland Sykes, ọ bụ ezie na o nyèrè akụkọ dị ichè ichè banyéré mmalite ya kemgbe ọtụtụ afọ, na-ekwukarị banyéré nwata na West Indies.  Ọ biri na St. Louis, Missouri na San Diego, California tupu ọ kwaga Los Angeles na 1961.

## Ọrụ
N'etiti afọ 1960, Rozzell Sykes bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na-arụ ọrụ, nke a maara màkà usoro gosipụtara na magazin Life .  N'afọ 1969, ya na nwa nwanne ya nwoke Roderick Sykes nwetara obéré ìgwè bungalows n'etiti ọbọdọ Los Angeles, na block puku anọ na narị asatọ nke St. Elmo Drive ebe ha bi, iji chekwaa ebe obibi ma melite agbata obi dị ka nnwale okike.  E debanyere aha ọbọdọ St. Elmo na 1971, ma gosipụta ọhụụ Sykes nke ebe ọdịbendị mara mma, nke nwere ọtụtụ agbụrụ. Rozzell Sykes mere ọtụtụ nnukwu mgbidi màkà Ọbọdọ ahụ, ma nweta ego site n'enyemaka nke Tom Bradley, onye kansụl ọbọdọ n'oge ahụ. "Echeghị m na o kwere ka ihe ọ bụla ghara ịbụ ihe e sere ese", ka Bradley kwuru n'afọ 1995. "Ọ bụ nwoke nwere ọhụụ pụrụ iche. Ọ na-ekwukarị na ọ dịghị mkpa ma ị bi na igbe akpụkpọ ụkwụ ma ọ bụ nnukwu ụlọ, ị nwere ike ịbụ ihe niile ị chọrọ ịbụ. " Mpaghara ahụ ghọrọ ebe a na-eme emume St. Elmo kwa afọ, nke Rozzell Sykes haziri iji mee ka a mara ọrụ ahụ ma mee emume nka.

Roderick na Rozzell Sykes natara onyinye Human Rights Award site n'aka ndị Baha'is nke Los Angeles County na 1971, n'ịgbaso Ụbọchị Ikike Mmadụ nke United Nations, màkà ọrụ ha na St. Elmo Village.

## Ndụ onwe onye na ihe nketa
Ọ lụrụ Erma Sykes, ónyé nọọsụ, di na nwunye ahụ zụlitere ụmụ ise ọnụ, n'etiti ha bụ ónyé na-emepụta egwu Benny Medina.

Ọ nwụrụ na ngwụcha afọ 1994, mgbè ọ dị afọ iri isii na atọ.  E mere emume olili ozu ya na First African Methodist Episcopal Church nke Los Angeles. Ọbọdọ́ St. Elmo ka na-arụsi ọrụ ike dị ka oghere nka, n'okpuru ónyé nduzi Roderick Sykes.

## Edensibia
Mitchell Squire

**Mitchell Squire** (amụrụ n'afọ 1958) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe, ónyé na-ese ọkpụkpụ, na ónyé na-eme ihe nkiri.  A mụrụ ya na Natchez, Mississippi.  Ọ na-elekwasị ányà na ịchọpụta ọdịbendị site na ihe ndị e nwetara na enweghị ike igosipụta ihe mgbu. Squire bụ prọfesọ ugbu a na Mahadum steeti Iowa ma biri na Ames, Iowa. A na-arụ ọrụ Squire na nchịkọta nke Minneapolis Institute of Art.

Banyere ihe ngosi "Gladiators" nke Squire, ụlọ ọrụ Minneapolis Institute of Art dere, sị:Site n'ebe dị ányá, nnukwu lithograph na-adọrọ mmasị yiri ka ọ na-egosi nchịkọta nke karama ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ màrà mmá. Mgbè a na-enyocha ya nke ọma, onyinyo ndị ojii na-ekpughe onwé ha dị ka ndị mmanye iwu na-elekwasị anya n'enweghị ihu n'otu nwoke ojii na-enweghị isi na-egosi ili ọha, ozu ndị ahụ dị ọtụtụ iji gụọ.Ihe ntinye ọzọ na-egosipụta akwụkwọ mmanye iwu na-achọ ihe ndị a na-achọ na oghere mgbọ.

Squire nwere B.A. na architecture na M.Arch. site na Mahadum steeti Iowa.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ihe ngosi

### Ihe ngosi onwe onye

* 2014 - Bemis Center for Contemporary Arts, Mitchell Squire: Anyị ga-eme ihe karịrị ikwu okwu na Carver Bank, 11 Jenụwarị - 29 Machị
* 2012 - London, White Cube Gallery, Mitchell Squire: Inside the White Cube, 7 Septemba - 11 Nọvemba
* 2011 - New York, CUE Art Foundation, Mitchell Squire: enweghị 'mba ọzọ, 19 Nọvemba - 14 Jenụwarị 2012 (katalogue)
* 2010 - Berkeley, Mahadum California, Berkeley, Wurster Gallery, Mitchell Squire, TOYZ: na ihe ndị ọzọ na-eche echiche maka awa egwuregwu, 17 Nọvemba - 3 Disemba
* 2009 - Ann Arbor, Mahadum Michigan, Taubman College Gallery, Mitchell Squire, TOYZ: na ihe ndị ọzọ na-eche echiche maka awa nke egwuregwu, 15 Febụwarị - 29 Machị
* 2005 - Des Moines, Mahadum Drake, Anderson Gallery, Mitchell Squire: Still Life with Peaches (na obere nwa nwoke ojii n'elu pony nwere ntụpọ), 10 Nọvemba - 11 Disemba

### Ihe ngosi ìgwè

* 2011 - New York, New Museum, Museum dị ka Hub: Alpha's Bet Is Not Over Yet, 12 October - 4 December

## Nchịkọta ahọpụtara

* Des Moines Art Center
* Ụlọ Ọrụ Nkà nke Minneapolis

## Ihe odide ndị e bipụtara

* Gladiators, 2013 Mitchell Squire; Publisher: World House Editions, Middlebury, Conn., Lithograph The Barbara S. Longfellow fund for works on Paper 2014.26

## Ònyínyé

* 2010 - Ihe nrite Midwestern Voices and Visions; Alliance of Artists Communities
* 2009 - ACSA Creative Achievement Award: Usoro "Craft and Crafty Action: On The Relationship Between Creativity and Mischief"
* 2005 - Association of Collegiate Schools of Architecture (ACSA) New Faculty Teaching Award

## Njikọ mpụga

* Mitchell Squire na Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minneapolis, MN

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Teebs

**Mtendere Mandowa**, ónyé a maara nke ọma site na aha egwu  bụ **Teebs**, bụ ónyé America na-emepụta ihe ndekọ na onye na-ese ihe nkiri si Los Angeles, California. Ọ bụ ónyé otu My Hollow Drum. Ọ bụkwa otu ọkara nke duo Sons of the Morning.

## Ndụ na ọrụ
A mụrụ ya na Bronx, nné na nnà si Malawi na Barbados zụlitere Mandowa.

Teebs wepụtara abọm mbụ ya, Ardour, na Brainfeeder na 2010. *LA Weekly* kpọrọ ya "otu n'ime abọm kachasị mma na nke kachasị mmá n'afọ". Ọ sochiri album *nchịkọta*, Collections 01, wepụtara na Brainfeeder na 2011.

N'afọ 2013, Sons of the Morning, ọrụ ya na Prefuse irí asaá na atọ, wepụtara EP mbụ, *Speak Soon* Volume One, na Yellow Year Records. N'afọ 2014, Teebs wepụtara abọm studio nké abụọ ya, *Estara*, na Brainfeeder .

## Ụdị na mmetụta
A na-akpọ ụdị Teebs "egwú na-akụ", ụdị nké na-agụnye ndekọ, ịhazi, ịgbanwe na ịhazi ọtụtụ ụda gụnyere ụbọ akwara, ndị na-eme mkpọtụ, ịgbà na ọbụna ịkpụ teepu.

## Nkọwapụta

### Abọm studio

* *Ọkụ* (2010)
* *Estara* (2014)
* *Anicca* (2019)

### Abọm nchịkọta

* *Nchịkọta 01* (2011)

### EPs

* *The Tropics EP* (2010) (ya na Jackhigh)
* Los Angeles 6/10 (2010) (ya na Daedelus)
* *Speak Soon Mpịakọta nke Mbụ* (2013) (na Prefuse 73, dị ka Sons of the Morning)

### Remixes

* Populous na Akụkọ dị mkpirikpi - "Only Hope (Teebs Remix) " site na *Remixed* in Basic (2010)
* Nosaj Thing - "Caves (Teebs Remix)" site na *Drift Remixed* (2010)
* Exile - "Ya mere anyị nwere ike ịkwaga (Teebs Remix)" site na Radio Bonus (2010)
* Oscar McClure - "Teebs' Never Repeat It Mix" site na *Compost* (2010)
* Flying Lotus - "Archway (Teebs Remix)" site na *Cosmogramma Alt Takes* (2011)
* Shlohmo - "Wen Uuu (Teebs Remix)" site na Vacation: Remixes (2012)
* Hundred Waters - "Boreal (Teebs Remix)" site na *Boreal Remix EP* (2013)

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Rosie Lee Tompkins

**Rosie Lee Tompkins** (1936-2006) bụ aha nka nke **Effie Mae Martin Howard**, ónyé na-eme akwa akwa na ónyé na-ese ihe na Richmond, California. *The New York Times* kpọrọ ya "otu n'ime nnukwu ndị America na-ese ihe," na ọrụ ya "otu na narị afọ ndị isi nka rụzuru". Ihe karịrị ọrụ narị ise nke Tompkins bi na Berkeley Art Museum.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ **Effie Mae Martin**, a mụrụ ya na Septemba úbọchị isii, 1936 n'ezinụlọ na-ekere òkè na ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Arkansas.

## Ọrụ
Tompkins, ónyé nyeere nné ya áká ime akwa dị ka nwatakịrị, malitere ime akwa dị egwu n'ihe dị ka afọ 1980, mgbè ọ na-ebi ndụ dị ka ónyé nọọsụ. O kwuru na ya kwenyere na Chineke duziri aka ya na nka ya. Ihe odide ya na-enweghị atụ, nke na-enweghị isi na-enwekarị ihe ọ pụtara: otu n'ime ọrụ ya a ma ama, "Three Sixes," na-agụnye ndị ikwu atọ nke ụbọchị ọmụmụ ha gụnyere nọmba isii.  N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ bụ ónyé nzuzo nke ukwuu ma na-ere uwe elu ya, Eli Leon, ónyé na-anakọta ihe na Oakland nke na-ahụ màkà uwe elu ndị Africa America, chọpụtara ọrụ ya na 1985. Leon gosipụtara ọrụ ya n'ihu akwụkwọ màkà ihe ngosi ọ haziri, Who'd A Thought It: Improvisation in African-American Quiltmaking, nké malitere na San Francisco Craft and Folk Art Museum na 1987 wee gaa ọtụtụ afọ. E gosipụtara uwe Tompkins n'ihe ngosi onwé ónyé na Berkeley Art Museum na Pacific Film Archive (BAMPFA) na 1997, na Peter Blum Gallery na New York City na 2003, na Shelburne Museum na Vermont na 2007. A gụnyekwara ha na 2002 Biennial nke Whitney Museum of American Art ma gosipụta ha na National Museum of Women in the Arts na Washington, DC; otu onyinyo dị na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ha. N'afọ 2016, e gosipụtara uwe elu ya n'ihe ngosi nke ndị na-ese ihe ise na Oakland Museum nke California.

## Ọrụ ya
Ọrụ ndị Tompkins dere gụnyere Tents of Armageddon Four Patch (1986), Three Sixes (1987), Half-Squares Put-Together (1988), Half-squares Medallion (1986), Half-esquares Four-patch (1986).

## Ndụ onwe onye
Ọ lụrụ di ma gbaa alụkwaghịm ugboro abụọ. "Howard" bụ aha di na nwunye. Ọ na-anọ naanị ya ma na-echebe nzuzo ya na ikike nzuzo nke ezinụlọ. Ezinụlọ gụnyere nne ya; ọtụtụ ụmụ na ụmụ di; na ọtụtụ ụmụnne, ụmụ ụmụ na ụmụ ụmụ ụmụ ndị nwụrụ anwụ.

## Ọnwụ
A hụrụ Tompkins nwụrụ anwụ n'ụlọ ya na Richmond, California na Fraịde Disemba 1, 2006. Ọ nwụrụ mgbe ọ dị afọ iri asaa.

## Hụkwa

* Quilting# Akpụkpọ ụkwụ ndị Afrịka na America
* Ihe ndị dị na Gee's Bend

## Edensibia

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Rosie Lee Tompkins, African-American Quiltmaker, Dies at 70" (obituary), *The New York Times*, Dec. 6, 2006.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Ònye chere* na ọ bụ: Improvisation na African-American Quiltmaking. Ebe ngosi nka na nka ọdịnala nke San Francisco.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Rosie Lee Tompkins* Ebe ngosi nka Berkeley.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Ihe* gbasara Chineke. Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie Shelburne
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Ndị na-eme: Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke American Studio Craft.  [[ISBN (identifier)|ISBN]] .*
Barbara Tyson Mosley

**Barbara Tyson Mosley** (amụrụ n'afọ 1950) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe, nke a maara màkà ihe osise ala ya, ihe osise mgbasa ozi, na ihe osise fiber. Ọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Louisville, Kentucky na n'ime obodo Black.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Barbara Tyson Mosley na 1950 na Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Ọ gàrà Mahadum nke District of Columbia ma nwee nzèrè Bachelor of Arts na Studio Arts na Mahadum Georgetown ma nwee nzere Master of Arts na Liberal Studies.

Ọrụ ya dị na nchịkọta ọha na eze dị íchè íchè gụnyere San Bernardino County Museum, National Gallery of Art, Corcoran Gallery of Art (n'ime Evans-Tibbs Collection of African-American Artists), Mahadum Virginia Medical Center, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ndị na-ese ihe nkiri African-American

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ