Lauretta Ngcobo

**Lauretta Ngcobo** (13 Septemba na afo 1931 - 3 Nọvemba na afo 2015)   bụ onye edemede na onye edemede South Afrikaa.  Mgbe ọ nọ n'ala ọzọ n'etiti afo 1963 na afo 1994 - na Swaziland, na Zambia na n'ikpeazụ England, bụ ebe ọ kụziiri ihe ruo afọ 25 - ọ laghachiri na South Africa ma biri na Durban .  A kọwawo ihe odide ya n'agbata afọ 1960 na mmalite afo 1990 dị ka nke na-enye "nghọta dị mkpa n'ime ahụmahụ nke ụmụ nwanyị ojii nke ndị na- akpaghasị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ".  Dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ akụkọ a kacha mara ya nke ọma *na ha anwughị* (1990), nke e debere na afo 1950 South Africa ma na-akọwa " mmegbu nke ụmụ nwanyị na-agbasi mbọ ike ịlanarị, na-arụ ọrụ ala ma na-enwe mmetụta nke ùgwù n'okpuru usoro ịkpa ókè agbụrụ mgbe. ndị di ha na-achọ ọrụ n’ebe a na-egwupụta ihe na n’obodo ukwu.”  

## Afọ mbụ
Ada ndị nkuzi Rosa ( *née* Cele) na Simon Gwina, Lauretta Gladys Nozizwe Duyu Gwina mụrụ na Ixopo, KwaZulu-Natal,  ma tolite n'ebe ahụ. Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Seminary Inanda dị nso na Durban wee bụrụ nwanyị mbụ sitere na mpaghara ya gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Fort Hare .  Ọ kụziri ihe afọ abụọ, wee were ọrụ na Council for Science and Industrial Research na Pretoria .  Na afo 1956 ọ bụ onye so na njem mgbochi ngafe ụmụ nwanyị . 

Na afo 1957 ọ lụrụ Abednego Bhekabantu Ngcobo, onye nchoputa na onye isi oche nke Pan Africanist Congress, onye na afo 1961 a mara ikpe na mkpọrọ afọ abụọ n'okpuru Suppression of Communism Act . 

## Mpụga, 1963–94
Na afo 1963, chere njide dị nso, ọ gbapụrụ na obodo ya na ụmụntakịrị ya abụọ, kwaga Swaziland, mesịa Zambia na n'ikpeazụ England, bụ ebe ọ kụziri na ọkwa ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị afọ 25.  Emechara họpụta ya osote onye isi wee bụrụ onye isi oche nke ụlọ akwụkwọ Lark Hall Infant na Lambeth, ndịda London,  ebe ọ bụ naanị onye ọrụ ojii. Na 1984 ọ ghọrọ onyeisi oche nke ATCAL ( Association for the Teaching of Caribbean, African, Asian and Associated Literatures), otu mgbasa ozi nke ndị nkuzi na ndị ode akwụkwọ na-akwalite usoro ọmụmụ dị iche iche na usoro agụmakwụkwọ Britain. 

Ọ nwetakwara oge iji dee akwụkwọ akụkọ abụọ, *Cross of Gold* (1981) na *And They didn't Die* (1990), bụ nke a kọwara nke ikpeazụ dị ka "ụzọ na-agbaji n'igosipụta ahụmahụ nke nwanyị ojii nke na-enye isi ya. agwa, Jezile, ime na olu a na-adịghị ahụkebe na akwụkwọ South Africa tupu ebipụta akwụkwọ akụkọ a. Ọ bụ ihe dị iche iche n'igosipụta mmetụta ọjọọ nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na iwu ọdịnala na ndụ ụmụ nwanyị Africa bụ ndị Bantustans nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ."  Ntụleghachi ahụ dị na *Publishers Weekly* kwuru, sị: “Ngcobo ji obiọma na ọmịiko na-ede banyere ahụhụ otu nwanyị na-ata, ka ọ na-enye nghọta banyere omenala obodo Bantu, ikpe na-ezighị ezi nke usoro iwu, usoro na ikuku nke ụlọ mkpọrọ ojii, na mmụọ enweghị ike nke ndị a na-emegbu emegbu. " 

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ Ngcobo bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ *Let It be Told: Essays site na Black Women Writers na Britain* ( Pluto Press, 1987), nke gụnyere onyinye sitere n'aka Amryl Johnson, Maud Sulter, Agnes Sam, Valerie Bloom, Grace Nichols, Marsha Prescod, Beverley Bryan, Stella Dadzie na Suzanne Scafe.  Ngcobo dekwara akwụkwọ ụmụaka, *Fikile amụta ka ndị ọzọ* (1994), na na afo 2012 deziri akụkọ gbasara akụkọ banyere ụmụ nwanyị South Africa na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, nke *akpọrọ Prodigal Daughters*, bụ nke Neelika Jayawardane nke Africa họpụtara dị ka Akwụkwọ nke Afọ. bụ Obodo. 

## Lọghachi na South Africa
Ngcobo laghachiri na South Africa na ezinụlọ ya na afo 1994, na-esochi ntuli aka nke African National Congress batara n'ọchịchị. Di ya nwụrụ na 1997. 

Na South Africa ọ kụzikwara ihe ọzọ nwa oge tupu ya aghọọ onye otu ndị omebe iwu KwaZulu-Natal, ebe ọ nọrọ afọ 11 tupu ọ laa ezumike nká na 2008.  Ọ bipụtara ọtụtụ akụkọ gbasara agụmakwụkwọ, gaa ọtụtụ ọgbakọ ndị ode akwụkwọ, ma wepụta akwụkwọ na mahadum dị iche iche. 

Ọ nwụrụ n'ụlọọgwụ dị na Johannesburg na Tuzdee, 3 Nọvemba 2015, na-esochi ọrịa strok .  *Akwụkwọ akụkọ Sunday Times* nke South Africa obituary kọwara ya dị ka "onye edemede na onye ndọrọ ndọrọ nke nyere ụmụ nwanyị adịghị ike olu",  ebe Barbara Boswell nke African Gender Institute na Mahadum Cape Town dere, sị: "Ọnwụ Lauretta Ngcobo anapụwo anyị n'ike. nkà mmụta dị ịrịba ama, onye na-alụ ọgụ nnwere onwe, na olu nwanyị." 

## Ihe nrite
N'afọ 2006, Ngcobo nwetara ihe nrite akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ndụ nke mmeri nke South Africa Literary Awards .  N'afọ 2008, e nyere ya Order nke Ikhamanga maka ọrụ ya na akwụkwọ na ịkwalite nha anya nwoke na nwanyị.  Akpọrọ ya aha eThekwini Living Legend na 2012, na na 2014 natara nzere nzere doctorate of Technology in Arts and Design from Durban University of Technology . 

## Ọrụ ahọpụtara
**Akwụkwọ akụkọ**

* *Cross of Gold*, akwụkwọ akụkọ ( Prentice Hall, 1981,  )
* *Ha anwụghịkwa*, akwụkwọ akụkọ (London: Virago Press, 1990,  ). Wepụta na Margaret Busby (ed. ), *Ụmụ nwanyị Africa*, 1992, p.&nbsp;407–411.

**Dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ**

* *Ka a gwa ya: Edemede sitere n'aka ndị ode akwụkwọ nwanyị ojii na Britain* ( Pluto Press, 1987,  ; ọhụrụ edn Virago, 1988,  )
* *Ụmụ nwanyị na-emefu ego - Akụkọ nke ụmụ nwanyị South Africa nọ n'ala ọzọ* ( Mahadum KwaZulu-Natal Press, 2012,  ) 

**Maka ụmụaka**

* *Fikile mụtara ka ndị ọzọ na-amasị* (1994) 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Dan Moshenberg, "Ma ọ anwụghị: Lauretta Ngcobo na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ụmụ nwanyị 'adịghị ike'", *Onye nta akụkọ*, 17 November 2015.
* "Lauretta Ngcobo", South African History Online.

Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations