open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Autumn Knight

Autumn Knight (amụrụ n'afọ 1980) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe na-arụ ọrụ na arụmọrụ, ntinye, na ederede sitere na Houston, Texas **ónyé** bi ma na-arụkọ ọrụ na New York City.
thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
Knight gàrà ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị maka ime ihe na nka anya na Houston, TX .  Ọ gara n'ihu nweta MA na Drama Therapy, site na Mahadum New York na BA na Theatre Arts / Speech Communications site na Machị Dillard. Knight nwèrè asambodo na Arts Management & Marketing site na Birkbeck College na London, UK na Speech & Drama site na Central School of London.

## Ọrụ

### Ọrụ nka
A maara Knight màkà ọrụ ya, nke ọzụzụ azụmaahịa ya na ọgwụgwọ metụtara. Ọtụtụ mgbè, ọrụ ndị ahụ na-eme ka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke ndị na-ege ya ntị, na-emezi ka agbụrụ, okike, na mmekọrịta ike dị n'ime ụlọ ahụ. A kọwawo ọrụ ya dị ka nke nwéré "mmetụta na-enweghị isi na nke na-atọ ọchị".

Na Sanity TV na Portland Institute for Contemporary Artīs Time-Based Art Festival (TBA) n'afọ 2018, Knight rụrụ ọrụ nke "ónyé na-enweghị isi nkè ihe ngosi okwu," na-eduzi ndị na-ege ntị isonye site na ntụziaka na ajụjụ ọnụ.

Knight bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ese ihe nyéré aka na vidiyo egwu nkeji iri atọ na atọ nke Solange na abọm ya When I Get Home (2019). Ọ bụ ónyé mmeri nke 2021 Nancy B. Negley Rome Prize site na American Academy na Rome. Knight bụkwa ónyé natara 2022 Guggenheim Fellowship na Film-Video.

E gosipụtara Knight n'ọtụtụ ebe, gụnyere na ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị ka Marfa Contemporary (2018), DiverseWorks Artspace (2018), Contemporary Arts Museum Houston (2018), Mahadum Illinois - Krannert Art Museum (2017), Art League Houston (2016), She Works Flexible (2016), The New Museum (2015), Blaffer Art Museum (2014), Skowhegan Space (2014), CounterCutrent (2014) na Lisa E. Harris na M'Kina Tapscott, Project Row Houses (2013), na Crystal Bridges Museum.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Chawne Kimber

**Chawne Monique Kimber** (/ʃɔːn/ SHAWN; [1] amụrụ n'afọ 1971) [2] bụ ónyé African-American na-eme mgbakọ na mwepụ na ónyé na-eme akwa, [3] a maara màkà igosipụta ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya na akwa ya. [4][5] Ọ bụ prọfesọ na Lafayette College, ébé ọ bụ onye isi ngalaba nke mgbakọ na mwepụta. [3] Kimber bụ ugbu a Dean nke College na Mahadum Washington na Lee.

## Agụmakwụkwọ na ọrụ
Kimber si n'ezinụlọ ndị ọrụ ugbo na ndị na-emepụta ihe owuwu na Alabama. [1] Ọ bụ ezie na o dere na ọ "hụrụ mgbakọ na mwepụ n'anya mgbè niile", ọ malitere ọmụmụ ihe ya na Mahadum Florida site n'ịmụ injinia tupu ọ gbanwee na mgbakọ na mwepụta n'ihi na ọ chọpụtara na ọ na-eju afọ. [2] Ọ nwetara nzèrè masta na Mahadụ nke North Carolina na 1995, dị ka nwa akwụkwọ nke Idris Assani. [2] Ọ laghachiri na Mahadwa Florida màkà ọmụmụ doctoral, mezue Ph.D. ya na 1999. Akwụkwọ édémédé ya, Prime Ideals in Rings of Continuous Functions, jikọtara algebra abstract na nyocha ọrụ ma Jorge Martinez lekọtara ya.

## Ịgbagharị

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Caroline Kent

**Caroline Kent** (amụrụ n'afọ 1975) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe nkírí nke bi na Chicago, nke a maara nke ọma màkà nnukwu ọrụ ya. N'ịbụ onye ahụmahụ nke onwé ya na ihe nketa ọdịbendị ya kpaliri, Kent na-emepụta ihe osise na-enyocha ike na njedebe nke nkwurịta okwu. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Caroline Kent na Sterling, Illinois, United States. N'ebe ahụ ka ya na nné ya, nnà ya, nwanne ya nwanyị tọrọ ya Angela, na ejima ya Christine tolitere. Nne ya, ónyé na-elekọta ụlọ na Mexico, na nna ya, ónyé Africa America na-ahụ maka ego, nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu n'omume ọrụ Kent. Ónyé na-akọwa onwe ya dị ka Midwesterner, Kent na-eji oge okpomọkụ ya na-etolite na-arụ ọrụ n'oge okpomọkụ na-ewepụ ọka ma na-arọ nrọ maka ndụ ka ukwuu na mpụga ókèala nke obere obodo ya. Caroline Kent na ejima ya, Christine Leventhal, nọ nso mgbè ọ na-etolite. Ha abụọ nwekọrọ usoro nkwurịta okwu pụrụ iche nke nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na ọrụ nka Kent. Kent tolitere n'ime asụsụ nke abstraction. N'afọ 1993, Kent hapụrụ ọbọdọ ya bụ Sterling ịga Mahadum Illinois State na agụmakwụkwọ egwuregwu maka track na field. N'oge gàrà aga, Kent gosipụtara obere mmasị na nka mana ọ hụrụ onwe ya ka ọ na-agafe ógè ya na gallery campus. N'ebe a, ihe ndị mbụ kpaliri ya gụnyere nka nke Russian Constructivists na ihe nkiri mba ọzọ. Kent bịara nwee mmasị na universality nke asụsụ anya a na-ahụ na nka, na-achọpụta na n'elu ákwà onye ọ bụla nwere otu mmalite, na-enweghị ịgafe ihe mgbochi asụsụ. Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1998, Kent sonyeere Peace Corps, ebe ọ biri ma rụọ ọrụ na Transylvania, Romania ruo afọ abụọ. N'ebe a, Kent hụrụ onwe ya n'ike mmụọ nsọ site n'ọtụtụ ụcha pastel nke ga-emesị rụọ ọrụ dị mkpa na ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya a ma ama. Mgbe Peace Corps gasịrị, Kent biri na Minneapolis ruo afọ iri na ise. Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka osote prọfesọ nke Art, Theory, na Practice na Mahadum Northwestern. N'afọ 2017, Kent kwagara West Side Chicago, ébé ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ ugbu a dị ka ónyé na-ese ihe na nne nke ụmụ atọ. Kohn Gallery na Los Angeles na Patron Gallery na Chicago na-anọchite anya Kent.

## Ihe osise
Ihe osise Caroline Kent nwere nnukwu ihe osise, ihe osise na-enweghị atụ na ákwà. Ọrụ ya nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu site na ihe nketa Mexico ya bàrà ọgaranya na ahụmịhe onwé ya na asụsụ na ntụgharị ederede, nke sitere na ahụmịhụrụ onwe ya na ejima ya. Ihe omuma omenala ndị a na ahụmịhe onwe ónyé jikọtara n'ọrụ Kent iji gosipụta ụdị nkwurịta okwu ọhụrụ, na-enyocha ma ike na njedebe nke asụsụ. Ihe osise ya na-adịghị ahụ ányá na-ekwurịta etu esi aghọta asụsụ anya n'ụdị gbasaa, site na ihe osise abụọ na-adịghị anya na ihe ngosi atọ.

## Agụmakwụkwọ

* 1998 Ntinye aka na nka, Mahadum Steeti Illinois
* 2008 MFA Department of Art, Mahadum Minnesota

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Harriet Forte Kennedy

**Harriet Arline Forte Kennedy** (November 22, 1931 na February 12, 1994) bụ ónyé nchịkwa ebe ngosi nka America, ónyé na-ese ihe, na ónyé na-agụ egwu.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ ya na Cambridge, Massachusetts, Kennedy gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ dị n'ógbè ahụ tupu ọ gaa Massachusetts College of Art, Institute of Art Administration na Mahadum Harvard, na Mahaduma Northeastern, ébé ọ nwetara nzèrè bachelọ. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na School of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston site na 1960 ruo 1965, wee malite ọmụmụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Boston na 1965.

## Ọrụ
Ọ malitere ọrụ ya na Museum of Fine Arts, Boston tupu ọ bụrụ osote ónyé nduzi nke Museum of Afro-American Artists. Kennedy bụkwa ónyé coloratura soprano nke na-abụ abụ n'ebe niile na mpaghara Boston.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Kennedy nwụrụ na Medford, Massachusetts n'afọ 1994. O nwèrè ụmụ atọ, gụnyere nwa nwanyị nkuchi.

## Edensibia
Ladi'Sasha Jones

**Ladi'Sasha Jones** bụ ónyé édémédé na ónyé nlekọta si Harlem. Ugbu a, ọ bụ Sophie Davis Curatorial Fellow for Gender and Racial Parity na Norton Museum of Art. "Ọ nwèrè nhọpụta ndị gara aga na New Museum IdesCity na NYPLIS Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture". "Ọ na-abịaru ọrụ akwụkwọ ya nso site n'ịrụ ọrụ site na njikọ nke ọdịbendị, nka na ọrụ otu. " O nwere B.A. na African American Studies na Temple University na M.A. in Arts Politics site na NYU Tisch School of Arts.

## Ọrụ
Kemgbe Septemba 2018, Ladi'Sasha Jones bụ ónyé njikwa ọrụ nka na The Laundromat Project .. O nyela onwé ya na ọrụ ahụ na ọrụ ya. Tinyere Laundromat Project, Jones bụ onye guzobere I, Too, Arts Collective, nke bụ otu ndị mmadụ nke ebumnuche ha bụ ịmepụta ébé obibi na ndabere nke ónyé America na-ede uri James Mercer Langston.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Anna Russell Jones

**Anna Russell Jones** (1902, Jersey City, New Jersey Eprel 3, 1995, Germantown, Pennsylvania) bụ ónyé Africa America na-ese ihe nkè a maara màkà ọrụ ya na eserese, kapet, na imewe akwa. A na-edebe akwụkwọ ya na African American Museum na Philadelphia.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Dị ka nwanyị Africa America mbụ natara agụmakwụkwọ afọ anọ site na Philadelphia Board of Education na ónyé Africa America mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Philadelphia School of Design for Women (PSDW), ugbu a Moore College of Art & Design, ihe ọmụmụ Anna Russell Jones rụzuru na-egosi naanị mmalite nke ndụ nke na-abụghị naanị ihe ịma aka kamakwa gafere akụkọ ifo agbụrụ, stereotypes, na nkọwa ndị na-adịghị mmá nké ndụ ojii na narị afọ nkè 20 America.

## Ọrụ
Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị akara ugo mmụta ya na imepụta akwa na PSDW, Anna Russell Jones rụrụ ọrụ dị ka ónyé na-emepụta akwa na Philadelphia. Ọ meghere ụlọ ọrụ nke ya ma ree ihe osise ya na akwụkwọ mgbidi na ụlọ ọrụ dị na Philadelphia, New York na Canada na 1920s na 1930s.

Ọ bụ nwanyị Africa America mbụ si Philadelphia sonyeere ndị agha US, na-eje ozi dị ka ónyé otu Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (mgbè e mesịrị Women's army Corps), n'oge Agha Ụwa nké Abụọ. Jones nọ na Arizona, ébé ọ rụrụ ọrụ eserese màkà akwụkwọ ndị agha ma nweta ọtụtụ onyinye.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Dị ka Nina de Angeli Walls na-atụ aro n'akwụkwọ ya Art, Industry, and Women's Education in Philadelphia, mgbanwe dị ukwuu mere na ọzụzụ nka na ọrụ maka ụmụ nwanyị na nka anya n'etiti etiti oge Victorian na oge nke oge a, na-agbakọta mgbanwe na agụmakwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị na ịnweta ọrụ ndị mere na mpaghara ndị ọzọ. Oge Anna Russell Jones na PSDW bụ nke otu akụkụ ahụ nke ụkpụrụ mmalite narị afọ nke 20 na usoro mmekọrịta nwoke na nwanyị. Dị ka Walls si kwuo n'akụkọ ya, ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ nọgidere na-acha ọcha na mmalite narị afọ nke iri abụọ; e mere ka iwu a doo anya na akwụkwọ iwu Moore Institute site na 1932 ruo mgbe 1945. Nanị onye e dekọrọ na nke a bụ onye Africa America mbụ gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, Anna Russell.

## Edensibia
Marie E. Johnson-Calloway

**Marie Edwards Johnson-Calloway** (April 10, 1920 na February 11, 2018) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ n'ọhịa nké eserese na ngwakọta mgbasa ozi.

A mụrụ Marie Edwards na Pimlico, Baltimore, ónyé Africa America Johnson-Calloway gara kọleji ndị nkụzi nke Coppin State.  Edwards kụziri na Baltimore School District ruo ọtụtụ afọ.  N'afọ 1952, ọ nwetara nzèrè Bachelor of Arts na Morgan State College, Baltimore, Maryland, na agụmakwụkwọ nka.

N'afọ 1968 ọ natara Master of Arts na eserese site na Mahadum San Jose State dị ka ónyé nkụzi nwéré ahụmahụ na Graduate Studies. Ọ kụziri na mahadum na kọleji dị na Bay Area ruo mgbè ọ lara ezumike nká na nkụzi na 1983.

Johnson-Calloway arụwo ọrụ na Bay Area Women Artists nke Northern California na ọrụ obodo. Ebe ngosi nka Oakland so n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ ndị nwere ihe atụ nke ọrụ ya. Johnson-Calloway akụzikwaara na Mahadum San Francisco State na California College of Arts and Crafts . Alụrụ di ugboro abụọ (Arthur Johnson, MD na Charles Calloway. M.D.), o nwere ụmụ abụọ (nwa nwanyị April Watkins, na nwa nwoke, Art Johnson), na ụmụ ụmụ anọ, ma bírí na Oakland, California. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye isi oche nke San Jose nke NAACP, ọ nọkwa na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ikike ọbọdọ.

Johnson-Calloway nwụrụ na Febụwarị 2018 mgbè ọ dị afọ 97.

## Edensibia
Marguerite Wyke

**Marguerite Wyke** **OBE** (May 1908), bụ ónyé nkụzi Trinidad, ónyé na-ede uri, onye na'ese ihe na ónyé ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Mgbè ọ tolitere na Jersey City, New Jersey, ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye nkuzi, ọ lụrụ di ma kwaga Canada ruo afọ iri wee kwaga Trinidad. N'ide akwụkwọ maka akwụkwọ akụkọ na akwụkwọ akụkọ dị iche iche, ma zụlite ndị na-ese ihe na Trinidad, ọ malitere ịrụsi ọrụ ike na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mpaghara. N'ịhapụ nwa amaala US ya, Wyke ghọrọ nwa amaala Trinidad na 1953 wee bụrụ ónyé na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ọchịchị agwaetiti ahụ. Site na nguzobe nke West Indies Federation, a họpụtara ya dị ka otu n'ime ndị Senate abụọ si Trinidad na Tobago na otu n'etiti ụmụ nwanyị Senate abụọ na-eje ozi na Federal Parliament nke West Indias Federation. Mgbè Federation ahụ gbasara, Wyke laghachiri na mbọ nka ya, na-ebipụta uri ma na-ekere òkè na mgbasa ozi nka dị iche iche.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Marguerite N. Abrams na Mee 1908 na New Jersey n'aka Jessie B. M. (née Wardlaw) na James Edward Abrams, ndị ha abụọ bụ ndị Africa America. [1] [2] Ọ bụ nwa mbụ nke ónyé na-ebubata ndị njem Pullman, James, [3] nwèrè ụmụnne James Jr. na Bessie [5] [6] (ma ọ bụ Jessie). [5] Abrams gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Lincoln High School na 1926 [5] wee gaa gụọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum New York. N'otu ógè ahụ na-agụ akwụkwọ nka na Grand Central School of Art, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzere na akwụkwọ Bekee. [1] [2] Ka ọ na-aga n'ihu na ọmụmụ ya, Abrams gụsịrị nzèrè nkụzi na New Jersey State Normal School na Jersey City. [3] [4]

## nkụziụ
Ka ọ na-erule 1929, Abrams na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ónyé nkụzi na Jersey City Public School System. [1] [2] Abrams malitere ibipụta uri, na akwụkwọ akụkọ ndị dị ka Opportunity *Magazine* [3] [4] ma kụzie ruo mgbè ọ lụrụ David Arnold Wyke na 18 February 1933. Ọ bụ dọkịta Trinidad nke na-arụ ọrụ na Toronto, Ontario, Canada n'oge alụmdi na nwunye ha dị ka naanị dọkịta ojii nọ n'ọbọdọ ahụ. [1] [2] [3] Di na nwunye ahụ na-eto eto kwagara Toronto mgbe alụmdi na ọṅụṅụ ha gasịrị ebe David gara n'ihu na-arụ akwụkwọ ya dị ka dọkịta na Marguerite gàrà n'iyi, na-enye aka na Canadian Forum. [5] Di na nwunye a so na ndị West Indian na-arụsi ọrụ na Toronto. Ọ bụ ezie na di ya bụ ónyé ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Wyke bụ onye aka ekpe ma ọ sonyeere Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) mgbè ọ bi na Canada.

## Ọnwụ na ihe nketa
Wyke nwụrụ n'ihe dị ka afọ 1995. [1] N'afọ 2002, ụlọ ọrụ Cultural Center Art Gallery nke Inter-American Development Bank na Port of Spain, kwadoro ihe ngosi nka màkà ncheta afọ 40 nke nnwere onwé mba ahụ. Wyke bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ ndị na-ese ihe na-egosi na ihe ngosi ahụ.

## Ọrụ ndị a họọrọ

### Ihe odide

* [5]
* [30][31]
* [5]
* [30][32]
* [5][30]
* [30]
* [30]
* [33][30]
* [30]

## Edensibia

### Ihe ndị e kwuru

### Akwụkwọ
Beulah Woodard

**Beulah Ecton Woodard** (November 11, 1895 na July 13, 1955) bụ ónyé Africa-America na-ese ihe na ónyé na-ese onyinyo nke bi na California. Woodard bụ ónyé Africa America mbụ na-ese ihe na-eme ihe ngosi n'onwe ya na Los Angeles Museum of History, Science and Art.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Beulah Ecton na nso Frankfort, Ohio, na Nọvemba 11, 1895. Ọ bụ nwa nwanyị nke Maazị na Oriakụ. William P. Ecton Nna ya bụ ónyé agha ọbọdọ. Ọ zụlitere mmasị ndụ ya niile na ọdịbendị Afrịka mgbè ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ mgbè onye Afrịka letara ezinụlọ ya. Ezinụlọ ya kwagara California, ébé ọ bírí nso Los Angeles na ihe ga-aghọ Vernon. Ọ gara Los Angeles Polytechnic High School, ebe ọ gụrụ ihe osise ụlọ. Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Woodard ga-arụ ọrụ dị ka odibo maka afọ ole na ole mgbe ọ gụsịrịchara akwụkwọ ruo mgbe ọ gbara afọ iri atọ.

Woodard malitere iji ụrọ rụọ ọrụ na mbido afọ 30, mana ezinụlọ ya mèrè ka ọ ghara ịchụ ya na 1926. N'afọ 1928, ọ lụrụ Brady Woodard ma gụọ akwụkwọ na Otis Art Institute, Los Angeles Art School, na Mahadum nke Southern California. Ọ gụrụ Glen Lukens n'etiti ndị nkụzi ya, yana Peter David Edstrom, otu n'ime ndị guzobere Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Prince Russia Paul Troubetzkoy bụkwa otu n'ime ndị nkụzi Woodard.

## Ọrụ nka
Woodard nwèrè ihe ngosi mbụ ya na Febụwarị 1935 na windo ụlọ ahịa màkà California News kwa izu. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Vernon Branch Library na Los Angeles Central Library. Ọ bụ onye Africa-America mbụ na-ese ihe na-egosi ihe ngosi otu ónyé na Los Angeles County Museum na ihe ngosi nke onwé ya na 1937. Ihe ngosi ahụ were izu asatọ ma nwee "usoro ihe nkpuchi ụrọ na papier-mâché, nke e ji beading na ábụ́bà mara mma chọọ mma ma dabere na nyocha anthropological nke ónyé na-ese ihe. " Ọ bụ ónyé na-ahụ màkà nka na Los Angeles na onye isi ọbá akwụkwọ Los Angeles Miriam Matthews chịkọtara ya na Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company zụrụ ọtụtụ ihe màkà nchịkọta nka ụlọ ọrụ ha. Matthews haziri ihe ngosi nke ọrụ Woodard na Vernon Branch nke Los Angeles Public Library. Woodard bịara n'uche Matthew mgbè onye na-ebipụta California News bụ James R. Smith gosipụtara ihe ọkpụkpụ ya na windo nke *akwụkwọ* akụkọ kwa izu.

Ọ nọ n'ọkwa nke atọ na All-City Art Festival na 1953.

Woodard nwụrụ na July 13, 1955, mgbè ọ dị afọ 59, tupu egosiputa ọrụ ya na Germany n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi.

## Edensibia
Elizabeth Williams (photographer)

Elizabeth "Tex" Williams (amụrụ na 1924) bụ ónyé America na-ese foto. Ọ sonyeere Women's Army Corps na 1944 mgbè ọ dị afọ 20 dị ka otu n'ime ụmụ nwanyị Africa-America ole na ole na-ese foto na ndị agha.

## Ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Williams na Houston na 1924, ébé a zụlitere ya n'ezinụlọ na-arụ ọrụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na Women's Army Corps, ébé ọ nọ na Iowa na Arizona. O mechara laa ezumike nká na Huachuca City, Arizona.

Williams gụrụ akwụkwọ na Photographic Division School na New Jersey na nsọpụrụ ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ dị ka ónyé na-ekwu okwu ikpeazụ n'ihi na ndị agha ekweghị ka ndị Africa America nọrọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị agha màkà foto.
## Ọrụ
Williams rụrụ ọrụ na Women's Army Corps dị ka ónyé na-ese foto site na 1944 ruo 1970. E debere ya n'ụlọ ndị isi ojii niile dị na Iowa n'ihi na ndị agha ka na-ekewapụ onwe ha, omume nké na-adịgide ọbụna mgbè ndị agha 1948 kwụsịrị nke ịkpa ókè. Ébé ọ bụ na ndị agha kewara ekewa ruo mgbe Executive Order 9981, o were ọtụtụ foto nke ndị Africa America. N'ime na n'èzí ndị agha, Williams sere foto "New Negro" nke gbanwere akụkọ ọdịnala nke ndị Afrịka.

Williams sere foto ihe niile gbasara agha. O wèrè foto nzuzo, ọgwụ, nchekwa, na foto ID. O mechara rụọ ọrụ dị ka ónyé na-ese foto nzuzo màkà ụlọ ọrụ nzuzo.

## Ihe ọ pụtara
Ndị ọkà mmụta dị ka Jeanne Moutoussamy-Ashe na Jacqueline Ellis kọwara Williams dị ka ónyé ọsụ ụzọ, onye agbụrụ ya na okike ya mèrè ka ọ nwee ihe ịga nke ọma dị ka ónyé na-ese foto, ma ya fọdụkwa na ndị agha America, nke ga-anọgide na-ekewapụ iche ruo n'afọ 1980, ọ bụ ezie na iwu gọọmentị kwụsịrị na 1948. A machibidoro ndị Africa America iwu n'ụlọ akwụkwọ foto ndị agha na mmemme ọzụzụ, n'ihi ya, ọ ghaghị ịga ụlọ akwụkwọ Photographic Division School na New Jersey, ébé ọ bụ nwanyị mbụ na onye Africa America gụsịrị akwụkwọ n'ebe ahụ, nke o ji nsọpụrụ mee. Ọ bụ naanị ụmụ nwanyị na-ese foto ndị Air Force.

## Edensibia
Lana Turner (stylist)

**Lana Turner** (amụrụ n'ihe dị ka n'afọ ) bụ ónyé America na-emepụta ejiji na onye na-anakọta ihe si Harlem. A maara ya màkà nchịkọta uwe ochie ya nke gụnyere ihe karịrị okpu 500. E gosipụtara Turner n'ọrụ site n'aka ndị na-ese foto, ndị na-ede blọgụ, na ndị editọ.

## Ọrụ
Turner rụrụ ọrụ na ụlọ ọrụ na ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ nka. Uwe ọrụ ya kwa ụbọchị bụ "ihe ịchọ mma" ma na-egosipụta toque mgbe niile. Nchịkọta uwe ochie ya gụnyere ihe karịrị okpu 500. Uwe Turner na-adọta uche ndị na-ese foto, ndị na-ede blọgụ, na ndị editọ. Ọ bụ ónyé muse nke onye na-ese foto n'okporo ámá Bill Cunningham. N'afọ 2015, onye na-ese ihe Dario Calmese gosipụtara Turner na nchịkọta ya na ngosi pụrụ iche ya na Projects+Gallery na St. Louis. N'afọ 2016, ónyé isi nri Marcus Samuelsson gosipụtara ọtụtụ okpu Turner na ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ Red Rooster ya. Ónyé na-ede blọgụ ejiji bụ Ari Seth Cohen na-egosikarị Turner.

## Ndụ onwe onye
A mụrụ Turner n'ihe dị ka n'afọ  n'ụlọ ọgwụ ụmụ nwanyị dị na 110th Street. Ọ natara usoro ejiji site n'aka ndị mụrụ ya bụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ónyé ọkwọ ụgbọala na onye na-arụzi ụlọ. N'uhuruchi, ndị mụrụ ya ga-eyi uwe ejiji iji soro ọbọdọ Harlem ha na-akpakọrịta. Turner bi na Hamilton Heights ma bụrụ ónyé na-aga chọọchị.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Yvonne Edwards Tucker

Yvonne Edwards Tucker, onye a makwaara dị ka **Yvonne Edwardz Tucker** (amụrụ n'afọ 1941) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe, nke a maara dị ka ónyé na-akpụ ite, onye na-ese ọkpụkpụ, na ónyé nkụzi. Ọ kụziri na Mahadum Florida A&M dị na Tallahassee kemgbe afọ 1973.

## Banyere
**Yvonne Edwards** bụ ónyé Africa America ma zụlite ya na mpaghara South Side nke Chicago, Illinois. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na nwata na South Side Community Art Center, na Art Institute of Chicago. Ọ gara n'ihu na ọmụmụ nka ya na kọleji wee gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1962 na Mahadum Illinois na Urban Champaign . Mgbè ọ na-aga Mahadum Illinois na Urban Xichampaign ọ gàrà ọmụmụ ihe mbụ ya nke ite ite ma zute ónyé ga-abụ di ya, Curtis Tucker (1939 Xich1992).

Tucker malitere agụmakwụkwọ ya na Mahadum California, Los Angeles (UCLA) n'etiti afọ 1962 na 1964, ma mesịa kwaga Otis Art Institute dị nso iji mụọ arịa ebe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na nzèrè MFA na 1968. Ọ mụụrụ Helen Watson, Charles White, Joseph Mugnaini, Herman "Kofi" Bailey, na Michael Frimkess.

Yvonne na Curtis jikọrọ áká na ihe ọkpụkpụ ruo ihe karịrị afọ 20, ruo mgbè ọ nwụrụ na 1992. Ha kwagara Tallahassee, Florida na 1968. Ha jikọrọ aka mepụta usoro ọhụrụ a na-akpọ "Afro-Raku", na-ejikọta usoro nke ógè a, Native American, Eastern Asian, na African traditional ceramics.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta nke ndị na-ese ihe nkiri African-American

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Lucinda Toomer

**Lucinda Toomer** (February 5, 1888 na September 1, 1983) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe nke na-arụ ọrụ na omenala ndị Africa na America nke ime akwa. A maara akwa ya màkà ihe ha siri ike, ụda ányá, na ụdị improvisational. Ha nọ n'ihu nke mmụba nke mmata mba màkà ụdị nka n'oge afọ 1990.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ Lucinda Toomer Lucinda Hodrick na Stewart County, Georgia. Ọ bụ nwa mbụ n'ime ụmụ asaá Orange na Sophie Stokes Hodrick mụrụ, bụ ndị na-ebi ndụ dị ka ndị ọrụ ugbo ogho na ahụekere. Ọ lụrụ Jim Toomer na 1908, wee soro ya kwaga n'ugbo dị nso na Dawson, Georgia.

## Ime akwa
Toomer malitere ịkpa ákwà mgbè ọ dị afọ iri na abụọ, n'okpuru nkuzi nne ya. A na-arụ ọrụ ahụ n'ihi mkpa, n'ime mmụọ nke akụ na ụba na iji ya eme ihe ọzọ, mana Toomer chọpụtakwara ngosipụta nka ogologo ógè na akwa. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na akwa ya ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kwa ụbọchị, na-emecha ihe dị ka 20 kwa afọ, ma nwee usoro nhazi na ịkpụpụta iberibe n'ụtụtụ ma na-ekpuchi ha ọnụ n'abalị. Iji jikọta elu akwa, o jiri ihe ndị si n'ihe owuwu nke ya yana ákwà zụrụ n'ụba site na ụlọ ọrụ akwa dị nso.

## Ihe Nketa
Toomer's quiltmaking bịara n'uche mbà mgbè e gosipụtara ya na ndị ọzọ na-eme akwa, gụnyere Martha Jane Pettway na Sarah Mary Taylor, na ihe ngosi njem 1983 "Ten Afro-American Quiltmakers," nke Dr. Maude Southwell Wahlman haziri.

A na-edebe akwa ya n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi nka, gụnyere Museum of International Folk Art na Santa Fe, New Mexico. Abụọ n'ime akwa ya dị na nchịkọta nké American Folk Art Museum na New York. Otu n'ime ndị a, Diamond Strip Quilt (zụrụ na 1990) bụ ihe mbụ nwetara màkà nchịkọta ihe ngosi nka.

Lucinda Toomer natara 1983 National Heritage Fellowship site na National Endowment for the Arts.

## Edensibia
Sonié Joi Thompson-Ruffin

**Sonié Joi Thompson-Ruffin** (amụrụ n'afọ 1951 na Joplin, Missouri) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe, onye edemede, onye na-ese onyinyo, ónyé nhazi Ọbọdọ, na onye nlekọta. Ruffin na-emepụta akwa site na iji akwa, ihe nnọchianya, na ntinye aka na akwa akwa Africa nke na-enyocha okwu ndị metụtara ikike mmadụ, agbụrụ, na okike. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na United States, Africa, na Europe, na Renwick Gallery nke Smithsonian American Art Museum, White House Rotunda, na Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art. Ọ bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na Charlotte Street Foundation na onye na-elekọta ụlọ na American Jazz Museum. Thompson-Ruffin bụ otu n'ime ndị guzobere African American Artists Collective, otu ndị na-ese ihe n'Afrịka na Kansas City. A họpụtara Thompson-Ruffin ka o mepụta mkpuchi ncheta Nelson Mandela site na South African Consulate na Grace and Holy Trinity Cathedral. A na-edebe ọrụ ya na nchịkọta dịka Spencer Museum of Art na Lawrence, Kansas, na ndị ọzọ. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya n'ihu *akwụkwọ* akụkọ New Letters na nke KC Studio Magazine.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ni'Ja Whitson

**Ni'Ja Whitson** bụ ónyé na-ese ihe, onye na-eme ihe nkírí, ónyé édémédé na onye guzobere / ónyé nduzi nka nke The NWA Project. Whitson bụ nwoke na nwanyị na-ekwekọghị na nwoke ma jiri nnọchiaha ha / ha.

## Ọrụ
Ónyé na-eme ihe nkírí na onye édémédé, ónyé na-eme egwuregwu na ónyé edemedo, Bessie-Award-winning gender nonconforming interdisciplinary artist, Ni Tianja Whitson ka *The New York Times* kpọrọ ya "majestuc" na "magnetic", Brooklyn *Magazine* makwaara ya dị ka otu n'ime 100 omenala na-emetụta. Ihe nrite ndị na-adịbeghị anya gụnyere Hedgebrook Residency, LMCC Process Space Residency، Bogliasco Fellowship, Brooklyn Arts Exchange Artist Residency.

## Ọrụ

* Ntụgharị uche n'Ime (2017)
* Quasar (2015)
* Ọkpụkpọ òkù na Ọbịbịa (2015)
* Ekele nye Malachi Maghostut Favors (2015)
* Mgbè Mmiri Na-akpọnwụ Ọnụ (2015)

## Edensibia
Jennifer White-Johnson

**Jennifer White-Johnson** bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na ónyé na-eme ngagharị iwe bi na Baltimore. Dị ka onye na-ese ihe Afro-Latina nwéré nkwarụ na ADHD na Graves' Disease ọ na-eji ihe osise na foto dị ka ụzọ isi kwurịta njikọ nke ikike ndị nwere nkwarụrụ na mmegide agbụrụ, yana inye ọhụụ màkà olu ndị na-ezighị ezi. Mgbe ọ nwetasịrị MFA ya na Graphic Design site na Maryland Institute College of Art, o nweela ohere iso ọtụtụ ụdị, [promotion?] ma kụzie dị ka prọfesọ nke Visual Communication Design na Mahadum Bowie State. Ụfọdụ n'ime ọrụ ya a ma ama [dubious  gụnyere akara Black Disabled Lives Matter, na zine Black Autistic Joy advocacy zine a na-akpọ *Knox Roxs*.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
White-Johnson nwetara BA yá nà Visual Arts na Mahadum Maryland Baltimore County. O nwèkwàrà MFA na Graphic Design site na Maryland Institute College of Art .

## Ọrụ
White-Johnson bụ ugbu a [mgbe?] bụ prọfesọ nke Visual Communications na Mahadum Bowie State, ébé ọ bụ ónyé ndụmọdụ ngalaba ụmụ akwụkwọ màkà ngalaba Bowie State nke American Institute of Graphic Arts (AIGA). Ọ rụkwara ọrụ maka ụdị ndị gụnyere Nike, Converse, Twitter, Amazon, Today at Apple, na Google Stories, na-atụle ma na-emepụta ihe omume gbụrụ-gbúrụ njikọ nke nka na nkwarụ. N'afọ 2019, ọ bụ onye nnọchiteanya na mmemme 5 Points nke akpọrọ "Olee otu esi abụ onye Black Designer na-enweghị mfu mkpụrụ obi gị". N'afọ 2020, White-Johnson bụ onye a na-asọpụrụ na D-30 Disability Impact List maka nka mkpesa ya na atụmatụ mgbochi ịkpa ókè agbụrụ, na 2021 e gosipụtara ya na ndepụta nke ndị Latino Artists 20 iji lelee site na Today Show.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Steve R. Allen

thumb|Steve Allen
**Steve Randall Allen**, amụrụ n'afọ 1954, bụ onye America na-ese ihe. A maara Maazị Allen màkà ọrụ ya dị ka ónyé na-ese ihe nkè United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, malite na 1996 Summer Olympics.  N'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2021, Maazị Allen malitere atụmatụ ọtụtụ nde dollar iji nye onyinye nka ahọpụtara na kọleji na mahadum ndị Black Historically.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Rushern Baker IV

Rushern "Rush" Baker IV (amụrụ na Septemba 10, 1987) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe na ónyé gàrà aga màkà Maryland House of Delegates iji nọchite anya District 22 na Prince George's County.****

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Baker na Washington, DC na Septemba 10, 1987 na Prince George's County Executive Rushern L. Baker, III na ónyé bụbu Christa Beverly. Mgbè ọ dị afọ anọ, ezinụlọ ya kwagara Cheverly, Maryland. Baker gàrà ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze Prince George's County ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Suitland High School na Forestville, Maryland. O nwetara nzere Bachelor of Fine Arts site na Cooper Union na 2009 na Master of Fine Arts na itinye uche na eserese / óbìbì akwụkwọ site na Mahadum Yale na 2012, ebe enyere ya Elizabeth Canfield Hicks Award maka ihe ịga nke ọma dị ịrịba ama na eserese ma ọ bụ eserese site na okike.

## Ọrụ
Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Yale, Baker laghachiri na Prince George's County. Ọ bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na-arụ ọrụ n'onwe ya nke ọrụ ya nwèrè mmetụta dị ukwuu na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, a kọwakwara ya dị ka "onye edemede Octavia Butlerz Afrofuturist, ọkachasị Parable of the Sower". N'ajụjụ ọnụ a gbara ya n'afọ 2013, o kwuru na ihe osise m chọrọ ka okwu gbasara iwu, ọkachasị iwu mba ọzọ. Ọrụ Baker apụtala n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na Maryland, DC, New York, Connecticut, California, North Carolina, Dubai, na Japan, ọ bụkwa ónyé nkụzi na Mahadum Maryland ugbu a na eserese na imewe abụọ. Baker na-ahazi mmemme nka mkpanaka maka ndị ntorobịa na-akwado n'oge gara aga. Ọ bụbu ónyé na-ese ihe na 39th Street Gallery, akụkụ nke The Gateway Arts Center na Brentwood, Maryland.

N'ịtụle ihe ngosi ya kachasị ọhụrụ na 2019 na Washington, DC's Hemphill Fine Arts, ónyé na-enyocha nka kwusiri ike na "Bakerńs ike na nke na-enweghị isi na-akpali nchegbu dịgasị iche iche, site na ihe ize ndụ nke ibi ndụ mgbè ónyé ojii na ohere na-agbasawanye ego na mgbasa nke eziokwu ndị ọzọ na teknụzụ ngwá ọrụ".

N'ọnwa Juun afọ 2022, Baker weghaara ọkwa ónyé njikwa mkpọsa nke nna ya dịka gọvanọ mgbè ónyé njikwa mgbasa ozi ya gàrà aga, Andrew Mallinoff, kwụsịrị.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Natalie Ball

**Natalie Ball** (amụrụ n'afọ 1980) bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na Klamath / Modoc nké dị na Chiloquin, Oregon.

## Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
A mụrụ ya na Portland, Oregon, Ball debara áhà ya na Klamath Tribes. Ọ bụkwa ónyé Africa-America, Modoc, na Anglo-American. Ball bụ nwa Kientpaush, nkè a makwaara dị ka Captain Jack (1837 rụo 1873), ónyé isi nke duuru ndị Modocs lụso United States ọgụ na 1872 Modoc War. Nna nna ya bụ ónyé na-ese ihe, nwanne nne ya Peggy Ball, bụ ónyé na'ime ákwà. Ezinụlọ ya si n'ala Klamath kwaga Portland, Oregon, mgbe e weputara Klamath Termination Act na 1954.

Ball nwèrè ụmụ atọ, gụnyere nwa nwanyị Lofanitani Tiago.

## Agụmakwụkwọ
Ball nwetara nzèrè bachelọ ya na nka na ọmụmụ agbụrụ na Mahadum Oregon, na nzere masta ya na Maori Visual Arts na Mahadim Massey na Palmerston North, New Zealand. O nwetara MFA ya na Yale University School of Art na eserese na óbìbì akwụkwọ na 2018.

## Ihe osise
Ọrụ nka Ball gụnyere nka ntinye, nka arụmọrụ, nka akwa ngwakọta, ihe ọkpụkpụ, ihe osise, ihe osisa, na obibi akwụkwọ. Uwe ya na-ejikọkarị okwu ndị a dụkọtara ọnụ na akwa na ụmụ bebi nke na-adabere na akụkọ ihe méré eme nke Modoc na Klamath. Nwanne nne ya kụziiri ya ime akwa mgbè Ball dị obere, na-akpali ónyé omenkà toro eto ịma echiche banyéré ihe, ọrụ nne, na akwa.

## Ọrụ nka
Ball egosila na mba ụwa, gụnyere na Hungary na New Zealand. O nwetara MFA na eserese na óbìbì akwụkwọ na Yale University School of Art na 2018.

Na mba, Ball egosila na Seattle Art Museum, Portland Art Museum, IAIA Museum of Contemporary Native Arts, SOMArts, Disjecta Contemporary Art Center, na Nerman Museum of Contemporary Art, ebe o mepụtara ihe ntinye, Mapping Coyote Black na 2015.

## Onyinye na nsọpụrụ
Ọtụtụ onyinye Ball gụnyere MRG Foundation's Lilla Jewel Fund Award, Santo Foundation Award, na Oregon Arts Commission's Joan Shipley Award (2016). Ọzọkwa na 2016, Oregon Arts Commission kpọrọ Ball onye na-ese ihe n'otu n'otu. N'afọ 2018, ụlọ ngosi nka Seattle nyere ya Betty Bowen Award. N'afọ 2019, Crow's Shadow Institute of the Arts nyere ya Golden Spot Residency Award.

## Ihe edeturu

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Raynes Birkbeck

**Raynes Birkbeck** (amụrụ n'afọ 1956) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe nkè bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na Manhattan. Birkbeck bụ onye na-ese ihe n'onwe ya nké na-ese, na-ese ọkpụkpụ, na-adọkpụ, ma na-ede uri.

## Ndụ na ọrụ
A mụrụ Birkbeck na Bronx, NY.

O gosipụtara ọrụ ya na Bureau of General Services, New York, Situations, New York; na Safe Gallery, Brooklyn.

Willow Glen Films na-emepụta ihe ngosi banyéré Raynes, na ngosipụta ya na Nino Mier Gallery, LA.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Erlena Chisolm Bland

**Erlena Chisolm Bland** (Jenụwarị 18, 1923 na Febụwarị 16, 2009) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe na ónyé na-ese ọkpụkpụ.

A mụrụ ya na Washington, D.C., Bland gàrà Dunbar High School ma nweta nzere Bachelor of Fine Arts na Mahadum Howard; ọ nwetara nzèrè masta na sayensị ọbá akwụkwọ na Mahadụ Maryland, College Park . Ọ nọrọ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri abụọ dị ka ónyé na-ahụ màkà ọbá akwụkwọ na-arụ ọrụ na ụmụ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ pụrụ iche na Goding Elementary School na Washington. O mepụtara nka n'oge ezumike ya, ma mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká, ọ gàrà klas na Maryland Institute College of Art, Corcoran School of Art, na Art League na Alexandria, Virginia tupu ọ nweta ụlọ ọrụ. O gosipụtara n'ógbè Washington DC na ebe ndị ọzọ n'oge ọrụ ya, na-egosi ọrụ ya ma n'onwe ya ma n"ihe ngosi otu. Ya na di ya, Dr. Charles N. Bland, nwèrè ụmụ abụọ, nwa nwoke na nwa nwanyị; di na nwunye ahụ chepụtara ma wuo ụlọ nke ha na Kalmia Road na Washington. Bland nwụrụ n'ọrịa kansa n'ụlọ ndị agadi na Washington. E liri ya na Fort Lincoln Cemetery mgbè emesịrị ememe olili ozu na Dumbarton Chapel na ogige Mahadum Howard.

## Edensibia
Leslie Barlow

thumb|Ihe osise nke Leslie Barlow mepụtara na Minneapolis, MN, na 2020 dị ka akụkụ nke Creatives After Curfew nzaghachi maka ogbugbu George Floyd.
**Leslie Barlow** bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe nkírí na Minneapolis, Minnesota, lekwasịrị ányá na ihe osise ndị na-atụle isiokwu nke ọdịbendị dị iche iche, njirimara, na ezinụlọ.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Leslie Barlow ma zụlite ya na South Minneapolis ma gaa Southwest High School . Ọ natara nzèrè Bachelor of Fine Arts na Studio Arts na obere na Business Administration na Mahadum Wisconsin-Stout na 2011. Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, ọ nọ n'ọkwá nke ónyé na-arụ ọrụ na ọnye ọrụ afọ ofufo na ụlọ ọrụ nka oge a nke dị na Minneapolis The Soap Factory. Barlow gara n'ihu nweta nzere Masters of Fine Arts na Minneapolis College of Art and Design na Drawing and Painting na 2016.

## Ọrụ
Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Minneapolis College of Art and Design, Barlow nwere ihe ngosi nke ọrụ ya, nke akpọrọ Loving, ma gosipụta ọrụ ya n'ebe ndị dị ka US Bank Stadium. Barlow na-eji usoro dị iche iche emepụta ihe ya, site na ihe osise naanị ruo ihe mgbasa ozi agwakọta nke na-eji ihe dị iche iche, dị ka otu o si "na-etinye ákwà na ogwe aka na akwa nke na-egosi site na ọnụ ọgụgụ ya..." Ọrụ Barlow na-arụkarị ọrụ n'ime isiokwu agbụrụ, okike, mmekọahụ, na ezinụlọ. Ihe ndị a pụtara ìhè n'ihe ngosi mbụ ya, Loving, nke na-edozi ajụjụ ndị metụtara isiokwu ndị a niile.

## Ihe osise
A zụlitere Barlow n'ezinụlọ nwere agbụrụ dị iche iche, nke nwéré mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ihe dị n'ọrụ ya. Ọrụ ya na-elekwasị anya na onyinyo na akụkọ gbara njirimara na ọdịbendị dị iche iche gburugburu.
thumb|Ndị na-ese ihe Taylan DeJohnette na Maiya Lea Hartman sere ihe osise dị ka akụkụ nke mmemme Creatives After Curfew nke Leslie Barlow, Studio 400, na Public Functionary haziri iji meghachi omume na ogbugbu ndị Black American site n'aka ndị uwe ojii.
A họọrọ Barlow n'etiti ndị omenkà 34 ndị ọzọ dị n'ógbè ahụ iji mepụta ihe osise sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke Minnesota Vikings màkà mmeghe nke US Bank Stadium, ebe Barlow mepụtara nnukwu foto 6 nkè ndị bụbu ndị egwuregwu Vikings.

## Onyinye
2019 McKnight Fellow maka ndị na-ese ihe nkiri 

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
McArthur Binion

**McArthur Binion** (amụrụ n'afọ 1946) bụ onye America na-ese ihe nke bi na Chicago, Illinois. A mụrụ Binion na Macon, Mississippi. O nwèrè BFA site na Mahadum Wayne State (1971) na Detroit, Michigan na MFA site na Cranbrook Academy of Art na Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. Ọ bụ Prọfesọ nké nka na Columbia College na Chicago site na 1993-2015.

## Oge ọ malitere
A mụrụ McArthur Binion na Septemba 1, 1946 na ugbo owuwe ihe ubi na Macon, Mississippi na Russell Earl Binion na Martha Binion n'ezinụlọ nwèrè ụmụ 11. N'afọ 1951, ezinụlọ ya kwagara Detroit.

## Ọrụ
Binion nwetara BFA ya na Mahadum Wayne State, Detroit, na 1971, na MFA ya na Cranbook Academy of Art, Bloomfield Hills, MI, na 1973.  N'afọ 1973, ọ kwagara New York, ébé Binion rụrụ ọrụ n'etiti ma bụrụ enyi ọtụtụ ndị omenkà ndị ọzọ na-arụ ọrụ n'ọbọdọ ahụ, dị ka Jean Michel-Basquiat na Sol Lewitt. N'otu afọ ahụ ọ kwagara New York, a họpụtara Binion màkà ihe ngosi otu na Artists Space, ihe ngosi nke abụọ nke ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru nke Maazị Lewitt na Carl Andre haziri. Ihe osise Binion apụtala na Contemporary Arts Museum Houston, Studio Museum na New York, na Detroit Institute of Art. N'afọ 1991, Binion kwagara Chicago, ébé ọ nwetara ọkwa dị ka Prọfesọ nke nka na Columbia College n'afọ 1993. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-arụ ọrụ n'oge ahụ, ọ na-egosipụta ọrụ ya ugboro ugboro ruo mgbè ónyé na-ere ahịa Chicago Kavi Gupta malitere ịnọchite anya ya na 2013. Kavi Gupta na Galerie Lelong & Co. nọchitere anya Binion ruo mgbè ọ sonyeere Lehmann Maupin na Massimo De Carlo gallery na 2018. N'afọ 2017, a gụnyere Binion na VIVA ARTE *VIVA* nke Christine Macel haziri maka 57th Venice Biennale, ebe ihe osise ya sitere na usoro DNA ya nwetara aha a ma ama. Akụkọ ihu akwụkwọ nke 2019 na The New York Times matara ya, na ndị ọzọ, dị ka otu n'ime "ọgbọ nke ndị na-ese ihe n'Afrịka na America na 70s na 80s ha bụ ndị na-enwe mmeghachi omume ahịa mgbè ọtụtụ iri afọ nke enweghị mmasị gasịrị. "

## Ọrụ
Ọrụ McArthur Binion na-agụnye ihe osise ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe, nke e ji crayons, osisi mmanụ, na ink mepụta, mgbé mgbè n'elu ihe siri ike dịka osisi ma ọ bụ aluminum. Ruo ọtụtụ afọ, Binion anọwo na-etinye ákàrà laser dị ka ala a na-agbakọta n'elu nke ọ na-etinye usoro ndị ọzọ.  Binion na-ekwu na ihe ọ na-ewepụ site na minimalism n'usoro okike ya bụ na ị chọrọ ime ihe nke gị n'onyinyo nke gị. E jirila ọrụ ya tụnyere Dorothea Rockburne, Robert Mangold, Robert Ryman na Jasper Johnsʹs The Dutch Wivesʹs na-ese ihe osise mgbè ụfọdụ.

## Ihe ngosi ndị a họọrọ

* 2019: Ghost: Rhythms & Haints, Mississippi Museum of Art, Jackson, MS
* 2018: Binion/Saarinen: The McArthur Binion Project, Cranbrook Art Museum, Bloomfield Hills, MI
* 2017: VIVA ARTE *VIVA*, 57th Venice Biennale
* 2012: Atụmanya 177: McArthur Binion, Contemporary Arts Museum Houston, Houston, TX

## Ihe ngosi
McArthur Binion na-anọchite anya Lehmann Maupin, New York, Hong Kong na Seoul; Massimo De Carlo, Milan, London, na Hong Kong; na Richard Gray Gallery, Chicago.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Queen Brooks

Queen Brooks (amụrụ n'afọ 1943) bụ ónyé na-ese ihe si Columbus, Ohio, nke a maara nke ọma màkà ihe pụrụ iche ya, nke e sere n'ụzọ na-egbuke egbuke, nke a na-akpọ osisi ọkụ. The Columbus Dispatch akọwaala Brooks dị ka "otu n'ime ndị omenkà Africa-America a ma ama n'Ohio," na ónyé nduzi Columbus Museum of Art Nannette Maciejunes dị ka "ónyé okenye nka na obodo anyị". Brooks bụ ónyé nduzi nwere mmetụta nke ọtụtụ ndị na-eto eto na-ese ihe, gụnyere onye na-ese onyinyo uche April Sunami. Ọ bụ ónyé mmeri gàrà aga nke Lila Wallace, Reader's Digest International Artist Award, nke nyèrè ya mkpakọrịta na Abidjan, isi ọbọdọ nke mba West Africa nke Côte d'Ivoire.

N'afọ 2012, otu a maara dị ka The HistoryMakers gbara Queen Brooks ajụjụ ọnụ màkà nchịkọta akụkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme nke vidiyo Africa na America, nke na-ezube ịzụlite "ihe ndekọ nke akụkọ ihe mere anya America".

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
Brooks zụlitere dị ka ónyé na-ese ihe site n'aka otu ndị na-ese foto ojii nwèrè mmetụta na mpaghara Columbus, nke gụnyere Bill Agnew, ónyé na-akpụ osisi a ma ama na mba Elijah Pierce, onye na'èzí na-ese "Grandpa Smoky" Brown, MacArthur Fellow Aminah Robinson, na ndị nduzi onwe Brooks, ónyé na ónyé na-ewere foto Kojo Kamau, na onye na onye mgbasa ozi Barbara Chavous. Ọ malitere ọrụ nka ya na-akụzi nka na ọrụ aka na J. Ashburn Jr. Youth Center na 1980, nke bụ ebe mbụ ọ zutere pyrography (ọkụ osisi). Mgbè ọ natasịrị MFA ya na Mahadum steeti Ohio, ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Abidjan, Ivory Coast, West Africa dị ka onye natara 1993 Lila Wallace, Readerz Digest International Artist Award.

## Onyinye na nsọpụrụ

* Lila Wallace, Reader Dz Digest International Artist Award - 1993
* Ohioana Career Award, 2008
* South Side Settlement Arts Freedom Award, 2004
* Arts Midwest National Endowment of the Arts Award, 1994
* Ịdị mma na onyinye nka, Mahadum Ohio State

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Kenneth Browne (painter)

**Kenneth Browne** bụ ónyé Africa-America na-ese ihe osise na-arụ ọrụ na Brooklyn. A mụrụ ya na Hempstead, New York ma bírí ọtụtụ afọ na Snow Hill, Maryland tupu ọ laghachi New York City iji chụsoo Master Degree ya.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
Browne gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Mahadum Salisbury na 2005 na Bachelor of Science na Biology na Bachelor of Arts na Studio Art.  N'afọ 2007, ọ gụsịrị nzèrè Master of Fine Arts na Pratt Institute na Brooklyn.  Ọrụ ya n'ụbọchị bụ dị ka ónyé ndụmọdụ nnabata na Pratt Institute.

## Ihe ngosi na onyinye
Kenneth Browne egosila n'ọtụtụ ébé na United States ma sonye n'ọtụtụ ihe ngosi ndị juried. Ọrụ ya abụwo ihe ngosi na ébé nrụọrụ weebụ n'ịntanetị nke Saatchi Gallery, na Brooklyn Art Studios, ọkachasị Yashar Galleries.  O gosikwara na Reeves Gallery na Chelsea, Manhattan.

A kpọrọ Browne ka ọ sonye na 2008 Biennial: Contemporary American Realism na Fort Wayne Museum of Art.  O merìrì "nke kachasị mma na ngosi" na Figurative Expo 2011 nké Infinity Art Gallery.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Donna Bruton

**Donnamaria Bruton** (May 3, 1954 - September 9, 2012) bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na ónyé otu ngalaba na Rhode Island School of Design, nke a maara màkà ihe osise mgbasa ozi ya na collages. Bruton rụrụ ọrụ na RISD malite na 1992, na-eje ozi dị ka onye isi ngalaba na-ese ihe site na 2001 na 03, na dị ka ónyé na-anọchi anya dean nke Graduate Studies site na 2003 na05.

Ụdị Bruton, nke The Providence Journal kọwara dị ka "ụdị na-enweghị isi.... mana nke nwéré ike ime ihe n'eziokwu," na-eji ihe osise ya, eserese na nkà collage. Ọtụtụ n'ime collages ya na-eji ihe ndị ụwa dị ka isi ihe iji nweta ncheta miri emi ma ọ bụ echiche. Ihe ngosi mbụ ya bụ na 1993 na Austin, Texas, a nabatara ya nké ọma. Ka oge na-aga n'ọrụ ya, ogo nké ọrụ ya gbasaa, ọtụtụ n'ie ha ruru 8 site na 8 feet (2.4 site na 2.4 m).

Bruton natara Blanche E. Colman Award site na BNY Mellon na 1999. Ọrụ ya bụ akụkụ nke nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide na RISD Museum na Gwanjiu Museum na Korea, ya na ọtụtụ nchịkọta onwé. Ọrụ Bruton dị na nchịkọta na-adịgide adịgide nke Newport Art Museum.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Bruton na Milwaukee, Wisconsin, na 1954. Nna ya bụ ónyé na-egwu baseball Bill Bruton, nna nna ya n'akụkụ nne ya bụ ónyé egwuregwu Negro leagues Judy Johnson. Ọ natara Bachelor of Fine Arts na Mahadum Michigan State, na Master of Fine Arts site na Mahadim Yale. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru ónyé na-ese ihe Edward Loper ma gosipụta ya na Dell Pryor na Detroit. Ọ lụrụ Timothy Coutis na Jenụwarị 1999.

## Edensibia
Beverly Buchanan

**Beverly Buchanan** (Ọktoba 8, 1940 na Julaị 4, 2015) bụ onye Africa-America na-ese ihe nke ọrụ ya gụnyere eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ, vidiyo, na nka ala. A maara Buchanan màkà nchọpụta ya banyéré ụlọ ndịda site na nka ya.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Buchanan na Fuquay, North Carolina, ọ bụkwa nwanne nné ya na nwanne nnà ya zụlitere ya na Orangeburg, South Carolina, ébé nna nkuchi ya bụ dean nke School of Agriculture na South Carolina State College bụ naanị ụlọ akwụkwọ steeti màkà ndị Africa America na South Carolina.

Buchanan na nna ya nọrọ ógè dị ukwuu na njem ya ebe ọ ga-eso ndị ọrụ ugbo nọ n'ime ime Obodo rụọ ọrụ, na-adụ ha ọdụ na usoro ọrụ ugbo ha.

## Ọrụ
N'afọ 1971, Buchanan debara aha ya na klas Norman Lewis kụziiri na Art Students League na New York City. Lewis, tinyere ónyé na-ese ihe Romare Bearden, ghọrọ ndị enyi na ndị nduzi Buchanan. Mmekọrịta a na Bearden mere mgbè ihe mberede mere na kọntaktị ebe Bearden mepụtara ihe ngosi màkà ihe omume ahụ. Buchanan zutere Norman Lewis n'azụ ikpo okwu mgbè ọ na-anwa ịbịanye aka na poster Bearden, Lewis wee were Buchanan n'azụ azụ iji zute Bearden. Buchanan mechara degara Bearden akwụkwọ ozi na-echetara ya ihe omume ahụ na Bearden ghọrọ ónyé nduzi ya ma mee ka ọ gosipụta nka ya na Cinque Gallery. Buchanan kpebiri ịghọ onye na-ese ihe oge niile na 1977 mgbè ọ gosipụtara ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi nka ọhụrụ na Betty Parsons Gallery. N'otu afọ ahụ, ọ kwagara Macon, Georgia.

E gosipụtara ọrụ Buchanan na Independent Art Fair 2017 na ụlọ Andrew Edlin Gallery. Buchanan kwuru, sị, "*Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe m nwèrè okwu ahụ n'aha ha n'ihi na echere m na nke ahụ na-agwa gị na ihe a agafeela ọtụtụ ihe ma lanarị echiche* ahụ dị n'azụ ihe ndị a tụrụ atụ ... ọ dị ka, ebe a ka m nọ; I ka nọ ebe a!'"

Ọrụ Buchanan dị na nchịkọta nke Addison Art Gallery of American Art na Phillips Academy na Andover, Massachusetts, Georgia Museum of Art, Metropolitan Museum of Art.

## Onyinye

* 1980: Guggenheim Fellowship na National Endowment for the Arts Fellowsship
* 1990: National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship na ihe ọkpụkpụ
* 1994: Ihe nrite Pollock-Krasner Foundation
* 1997: Georgia Visual Arts honoree
* 2002: Anonymous Was a Woman Award
* 2005: Kọmitii College Art Association maka ụmụ nwanyị na nka nyere nsọpụrụ pụrụ iche
* 2011: Ihe nrite nke Women's Caucus for Art lifetime achievement

## Edensibia
Shirley L. Bolton

Shirley L. Bolton (1945-1984) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe na ónyé nkụzi.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Bolton na Jenụwarị 9, 1945 na Lexington, Georgia. Ọ gàrà Mahadum Georgia dị na Athens wee nweta PhD ya. O gosipụtara nka ya na High Museum of Art na Atlanta. Ọrụ ya dị na Museum of Contemporary Art of Georgia. Ihe osise ya nke 1971 The World Outside dị na Georgia's State Art Collection.

Bolton nwụrụ n'August 10, 1984 na Pensacola, Florida. Ụfọdụ n'ime akwụkwọ ya dị na faịlụ Art & Artist na Smithsonian American Art Museum.

## Edensibia
Michael Brantley (artist)

**Michael Brantley** bụ onye America na-ese ihe, nke a maara màkà nnukwu ihe osise mmanụ ya nke ndị Africa America jazz dị ka Ella Fitzgerald na Freddie Hubbard. N'afọ 2015, a chọpụtara na Brantley nwèrè sarcoidosis ma gbochie ya ịnshọransị site na Affordable Care Act. Brantley bụ ónyé otu African American Artists Collective na Kansas City, MO.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Jordan Casteel

**Jordan Casteel** (amụrụ n'afọ 1989) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe osise. Casteel na-ese foto nke ndị enyi, ndị hụrụ n'anya, na ndị ezinụlọ ya na ndị agbata obi na ndị ọ na-amaghị na Harlem na New York. Casteel bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na New York City.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Casteel na Denver, Colorado na 1989 na Lauren Young Casteel. Casteel nwèrè ejima na nwanne nwoke tọrọ ya. A gụrụ ya aha Vernon E. Jordan Jr, ónyé nọchiri nna nna ya Whitney Young dị ka onyeisi National Urban League ma bụrụ ezigbo enyi ezinụlọ. Nné nné ya bụ Margaret Buckner Young, ónyé nkụzi na onye edemede akwụkwọ ụmụaka.

Ndị na-ese ihe Romare Bearden, Hale Woodruff, Faith Ringgold, Charles White, na Jacob Lawrence nwèrè mmetụta dị ukwuu mgbè ha na-etolite.

## Ọrụ
Mgbè ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Yale, Casteel kwagara New York City iji chụsoo ihe osise. Ihe ngosi nké mbụ nke Casteel na New York, *nke* akpọrọ Visible Man, meghere n'ọnwa Ọgọstụ 2014 na Sargent's Daughters. Ihe ngosi ahụ gosipụtara ọtụtụ ihe osise buru ibu nke na-egosi ndị ikom ojii gba ọtọ n'ebe dị iche iche n'ụlọ ha niile. Ihe ngosi ahụ nyochara nguzozi n'etiti mmekọahụ na agụụ mmekọahụ, ma na isiokwu ya ma na ndị na-ekiri ya.

A họpụtara Casteel dị ka ónyé na-ese ihe na 2015-2016 na The Studio Museum na Harlem, New York, n'akụkụ EJ Hill na Jibade-Khalil Huffman. Ihe omume ahụ na-enye ndị na-ese ihe ohere studio ruo otu afọ, onyinye mkpakọrịta, ụgwọ màkà ihe, na ihe ngosi otu nke gụnyere ndị na-eme ihe nkírí niile bi.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Ya na di ya David Schulze bi na Harlem, ónyé na-ese foto a mụrụ n'Australia nkè ọ zutere na ngwa mkpakọrịta nwoke na nwanyị Raya.

## Nchịkọta ọha na eze

* Ebe ngosi nka Studio na Harlem, New York, NY
* Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles, CA
* Ford Foundation, New York, NY
* Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts, Mahadum Stanford, CA
* Nchịkọta Alfond nke nka oge a na Rollins College, Winter Park, FL
* Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, Bentonville, AR
* Ebe Ngosi Ihe Ochie Denver, Denver, CO

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Jamour Chames

thumb|áká_ịkẹngạ
**Jamour Chames** (amụrụ n'August 29, 1989) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe n'oge a. E gosipụtara ọrụ ya na mba ụwa. A maara ya nke ọma màkà nchịkọta nka ya 'Girl All Over the World', nke bụ ọrụ ya ọ raara nye ime ememe ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ bi ma na-arụ ọrụ na New York City.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Jamour Chames na Covington, Kentucky nà August 29, 1989. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ nà Holmes High School.

## Ọrụ
Ụdị mbinye aka Chames bụ nké dị mfe site na iji agba na ọdịdị. Ọrụ Jamour Chames na-enyocha ihe oyiyi dị mma ma ọ na-achọ ịmepụta ihe osise nke na-enwe mmetụta dị mma n'ụwa. N'ọrụ ya kachasị ọhụrụ 'Girl All Over the World,' Chames na-eme emume ụmụ nwanyị n'ụwa niile. Na Girl All Over the World Chames ' gbalịrị idozi ihe oyiyi nwoke na nwanyị na nka ma mee ka ìhè dị mmà na ụmụ nwanyị n'ụzọ na-abụghị nke ányà. Chames egosila ọrụ a na mba ụwa.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website The Official Website of Jamour Chames
* ArtSlant I Jamour Chames Jamour Chame Official ArtSlant Page
* Jamour Chames: MoMA PS1 Studio Nleta MoMA PS2 Studio Nleta.
* Tate UK: Girl All Over the World Album Tate Modern Online Album
* London Fashion Week Art London City: Girl All Over the World: London
* Ihe osise na Galleries AUC Hotspot
* Ajụjụ ọnụ na onye na-ese ihe Jamour Chames Nora Gouma Magazine
* New Muse na Contemporary Art Nora Gouma Magazine
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ