Claudia Alexander

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**Claudia Joan Alexander** (Mee 30, 1959 - Julaị 11, 2015) bụ onye ọkà mmụta sayensị America mụrụ na Canada ọkachamara na geophysics na sayensị mbara ụwa .   Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na United States Geological Survey na NASA 's Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Ọ bụ onye njikwa ọrụ ikpeazụ nke ọrụ  nke NASA na Jupiter  na ruo oge ọnwụ ya rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye njikwa oru ngo na ọkà mmụta sayensị nke ọrụ NASA na ozi  nke Europe na-edu iji mụọ Comet Churyumov–Gerasimenko . 

## Ndụ mbido
A mụrụ Alexander na Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada . Nne ya bụ Gaynelle Justena Williams Alexander (1929-2017), onye na-agụ akwụkwọ ụlọ ọrụ maka Intel ; nna ya bụ Harold Alfred Alexander (1917-2010), onye na-elekọta mmadụ. Ụmụnne Alexander bụ Suzanne na David. Alexander zụrụ nne ya na Santa Clara, California .  

Alexander chọrọ ịbụ onye nta akụkọ ma ndị mụrụ ya—ndị na-akwụ ụgwọ maka agụmakwụkwọ ya—chọrọ ka ọ bụrụ injinia.  Mgbe ọrụ okpomọkụ gasịrị na Ames Research Center, ọ nwere mmasị na sayensị mbara ala. Ọ bụ ezie na e goro ya ịrụ ọrụ na ngalaba injinia, ọ na-ezoba na ngalaba sayensị bụ́ ebe ọ chọpụtara na ọ bụghị nanị na ọ mara ezigbo mma n’ọrụ ahụ, kama na ọ dị ya mfe ma na-atọ ya ụtọ karịa ka ọ tụrụ anya ya. 

## Agụmakwụkwọ ya
Na 1983, Alexander nwetara nzere bachelọ na Mahadum California, Berkeley na geophysics,  nke o chere na ọ ga-abụ ezigbo ndabere maka onye sayensị ụwa.  Alexander nwetara nzere Master ya na Mahadum California, Los Angeles na geophysics na mbara physics na 1985.  Tesis nke nna ukwu ya jiri data Pioneer Venus Orbiter mụọ mgbanwe okirikiri anyanwụ na oke ultraviolet radieshon nke Venus ionosphere na mmekọrịta ya na ikuku anyanwụ .  O nwetara Ph.D. na Atmospheric, Oceanic na Space Sciences,  ọkachamara na physics nke oghere plasma, na Mahadum Michigan na 1993.  

## Ọrụ ya
Alexander rụrụ ọrụ na United States Geological Survey na-amụ tectonics plate na Ames Research Center na- ekiri ọnwa Jovian, tupu ọ kwaga NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory na 1986.  Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dịka onye nhazi sayensị maka akụrụngwa ebili mmiri plasma n'ime ụgbọ mbara igwe Galileo  tupu ọ bụrụ onye njikwa ọrụ nke ozi ahụ na ngalaba ikpeazụ ya.  Ọrụ ahụ chọpụtara ọnwa ọhụrụ 21 nke Jupita na ọnụnọ ikuku na Ganymede .  Nchọpụta nke ikuku, kpọmkwem "n'elu bound exosphere ", mere ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị chegharịa echiche ha na Ganymede bụ ọnwa anaghị arụ ọrụ.  Ọ bụ onye njikwa ọrụ ikpeazụ maka ozi ahụ, wee leba anya na imikpu ụgbọ elu ahụ banye n'ikuku Jupita na njedebe ozi ahụ na 2003. 

Alexander rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme nchọpụta na isiokwu dị iche iche, gụnyere evolushọn na ime physics nke comets, Jupiter na ọnwa ya, magnetospheres, plate tectonics, oghere plasma, nkwụsị na mgbasa nke anyanwụ na ifufe, na mbara ala Venus.  Ya na ndị otu ọrụ ahụ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye nhazi sayensị na ozi Cassini na Saturn.  O dere ma dekọọ akwụkwọ iri na anọ.

Ọ bụ onye nkwado siri ike maka ụmụ nwanyị na ndị pere mpe na mpaghara STEM na onye na-akpakọrịta sayensị na-anụ ọkụ n'obi.   N'April afọ nke 2015, o gosipụtara okwu TEDx na Columbia College Chicago, "The Compelling Nature of Locomotion and the Strange Case of Childhood Education", na-akọwa ụzọ ya maka ịkụziri ụmụaka banyere sayensị.   Ọ kụzikwaara ndị na-eto eto, karịsịa ụmụ agbọghọ nwere agba, ka ha gbaa mmasị ha nwere maka sayensị. 

Site n'afọ 2000 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ, Alexander jere ozi dị ka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na-ahụ maka ọrụ NASA na Rosetta, ọrụ European Space Agency na-amụ na ọdịda na comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.   Na ozi ahụ ọ bụ onye na-ahụ maka ngwá ọrụ $35 nde, na-anakọta data dị ka okpomọkụ  site na ngwa atọ dị na orbiter. Ọ na-ahụkwa maka nsochi na nkwado ịnyagharị site na NASA's Deep Space Network maka ụgbọ elu ahụ. 

## Ndụ onwe
Na mgbakwunye na ọrụ sayensị ya, Alexander nwere mmasị ide ihe. O dere akwụkwọ ụmụaka, gụnyere ụfọdụ n'ime usoro "Windows to Adventure", "Olee n'ime Ugwu Kasị Ukwuu nke Niile?" na "Windows ruo Morning Star". Ọ dekwara akụkọ ifo sayensị ma bụrụ onye otu ndị edemede Romance nke America .   O ji nka ide ya tinye aka na mmasị ya ọzọ, tenis, ide maka blọgụ tennis Bleacher Report .  Ime njem na ịnya ịnyịnya na-atọkwa ya ụtọ. 

Na July 11, 2015, Alexander nwụrụ na Arcadia, California mgbe ọ lụsịrị ọrịa cancer afọ 10 afọ.    Akpọrọ ya ọnụ na Oak Hill Memorial Park na San Jose, California. 

## Ihe nrite na nkwanye ugwu
N'afọ ọ gụchara akwụkwọ na Mahadum Michigan, a kpọrọ ya "UM Woman of the Year in Human Relations", na 2002 ọ nwetara ihe nrite nke Atmospheric, Oceanic na Space Sciences Alumni Merit. 

Na afọ 2003, Alexander nwetara *Emerald Honor for Women of Color in Research & Engineering* site Career Communications Group, Inc.-onye na-ebipụta Onye injinia ojii na akwụkwọ akụkọ teknụzụ ozi - na National Women of Color Research Sciences and Technology Conference. 

E mepere nkuzi Claudia Alexander maka ụmụ akwụkwọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na mahadum ya na 2007 site n'aka nwanne nna ya, Jiles Williams.  Ọmụmụ ihe na-akwado ụmụ akwụkwọ dabere na mkpa na-amụba na Climate na Space Sciences na Engineering na Mahadum nke Michigan's College of Engineering. 

Alexander bụ onye so na American Geophysical Union —ebe ọ jere ozi dị ka onye isi oche nke subcommittee diversity—  na Association for Women Geoscientists, ebe akpọrọ ya "Nwanyị nke Afọ".  

N'afọ 2015, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị sitere na European Space Agency's Rosetta mission kwanyere onye ọrụ ibe ha nwụrụ anwụ ugwu site n'ịkpọ aha ya na ebumnuche ozi ahụ, comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Ihe dị ka ọnụ ụzọ ámá dị na comet ka a na-akpọ C. Alexander Gate. 

Mahadum nke Michigan Women in Science and Engineering office na-enye onyinye kwa afọ maka nsọpụrụ ya: onyinye Claudia Joan Alexander Trailblazer maka mmezu na ntinye aka na STEM. 

## Hụkwa Ihe ndị ọzọ

* Usoro iheomume nke ụmụ nwanyị na sayensị

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* Vidiyo: "Onye mbụ: Claudia Alexander"
* Ụtụ NASA: Claudia Alexander (1959-2015)
* N'ajụjụ ọnụ ụmụ nwanyị na Science Planetary na Alexander
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations