open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Asụsụ Duru

**Asụsụ Duru** bụ otu Asụsụ Savanna a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu Cameroon na n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Naịjirịa. A na-akpọ ha "G4" na atụmatụ ezinụlọ asụsụ Adamawa nke Joseph Greenberg.

Kleinewillinghöfer (2012) na-ahụkwa ọtụtụ myirịta morphological n'etiti asụsụ Samba-Duru na Central Gur. 

## Asụsụ

* Duli (ọ dịghịzi) 
* Dii: Duupa, Dugun (Panõ), Dii (Mambe", Mamna'a, Goom, Boow, Ngbang, Sagzee, Vaazin, Home, Nyok) 
* Peere (Kutin) 
* Longto (Voko) 
* Vere-Dowayo
** Dowayo
** Sewe
** Koma
** Vere

Agbanyeghị, Guldemann (2018) na-eme ka e nwee obi abụọ na njikọta nke Samba–Duru dị ka otu jikọtara ọnụ.

## Nchịkọta
Na saịtị Adamawa Languages Project, Kleinewillinghöfer (2015) kewara otu Samba-Duru dị ka ndị a (leekwa Asụsụ Leko). 

; Samba-Duru

* Vere (Vere) 
** Jango (Mama Jango) 
** Ìgwè Vere (Momi, Vere Kaadam) 
** Wɔmmu (Wongi) 
** Nissim-Eilim
** Kobom, Karum (Lee Kari), Danum
** Vɔmnəm (Koma Vomni) 
** Ìgwè Gəunəm: Yarəm, Lim, Gbaŋrɨm, Baidəm, Zanəm, Ləələm, wdg.
** Damtəm (Koma Damti), wdg.
* Gəmme (Gimme) (Koma) 
** Gəmnəm (Gəmnime, Gimnime): Beiya, Gindoo; Riitime
** Gəmme (Kompana, Panme): Yəgme, Dehnime; Baanime
* Doyayo (Dooya̰yɔyɔ):[1] Markɛ;__hau____hau____hau__ (nke Poli);__hau____ilo____hau____ilo__ (nke ugwu) 
* Duru
** Ìgwè Dii
** Dugun (Paape, Sa) 
** Duupa (Paape) 
** Pɛrɛ (Pere, Kutin): Gaziwaːlɛ, Nordlti; Zɔŋ Pɛrɛ (Potopo) 
** Ihe a na-akpọ "Voko"
* Samba (Samba Leeko, Leko) 
** Ìgwè Samba
** Mubaako (Məbaako, Mumbaako, Nyong) 
** Kolbila
** Pɛrɛma (Nwanyị) 

## Aha na ebe
N'okpuru bụ ndepụta aha asụsụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ mmadụ, na ọnọdụ sitere na Blench (2019). 

## Ihe edeturu n'okpuru ala

## Edensibia

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ndepụta asụsụ Adamawa (ms) 

Isiokwu a gụnyere ederede dị n'okpuru ikikere CC BY 3.0. 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Samba-Duru (Adamawa Languages Project)
Asụsụ Koke

**Koke bụ asụsụ Adamawa nke Chad.  A na-ahụ ndị na-ekwu okwu na Daguela Canton, Chinguil Sub-prefecture, mpaghara Guéra.** 

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Kim

**Asụsụ Kim** bụ obere ìgwè nke Asụsụ Mbum-Day nke Ezinụlọ Savanna, nke a na-asụ na ndịda Chad. E nwere asụsụ atọ:

: Kim (Garap, Gerep, Kolop, Kosop), Besme, Goundo.

Goundo fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ, Besme nwekwara naanị otu puku kwuru okwu.

A na-akpọ asụsụ Kim "G14" na atụmatụ ezinụlọ asụsụ Adamawa nke Joseph Greenberg.

## Hụkwa

*  (Wiktionary) 

## Edensibia
Creole Chagossian

**Chagossian creole** (nakwa , , ma ọ bụ naanị ) bụ Creole nke dabeere na French nke ndị Chagossia 1,800 ma ọ bụ karịa na-asụ na 1994, ndị bụbu ndị bibu.nke Chagos Archipelago chụpụrụ na mmalite 1970s. Ilwa bụ ụdị Creole dị iche iche nke Mauritius nwere mmetụta sitere na  Seychelles Creole. A na-asụ ya ugbu a na Mauritius na Seychelles. E nwekwara obere obere obodo na-asụ asụsụ na United Kingdom.

## Hụkwa
 

* Asụsụ Creole
* Agbalega Creole
* Creole nke Mauritius
* Creole nke Rodriguan

## Edensibia
mmalite 1970s. Ilwa bụ ụdị Creole dị iche iche nke Mauritius nwere mmet
French Guianese Creole

thumb|French Guiana, ebe French Guianese Creole malitere.
 
**[[Asụsụ French|French]] Guianese Creole** (Kriyòl; a na-akpọkwa ya **Guianan Creole**, Guianese creole na Bekee na Créole guyanais na French) bụ asụsụ French dabeere na Creole nke a na-asụ na French Guiana, na n'ókè dị ala, na Suriname na Brazil. Ọ dị ka Antillean Creole, mana enwere ụfọdụ ọdịiche okwu na ụtọ asụsụ n'etiti ha. Ndị Antillesans nwere ike ịghọta French Guianese Creole n'ozuzu ya, ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike inwe ụfọdụ mgbagwoju anya. Ihe dị iche iche bụ mmetụta French na Brazilian Portuguese (n'ihi ịdị nso nke Brazil na Portuguese na mba ahụ ruo ọtụtụ afọ). E nwekwara okwu ndị sitere Ndị Amerindian na Africa. E nwere obodo French Guianese na Suriname na Brazil ndị na-aga n'ihu na-asụ asụsụ ahụ.

E kwesịghị ịgbagwoju ya anya na asụsụ Guyanese Creole, nke dabeere na Bekee, nke a na-asụ na Guyana dị nso.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
French Guianese Creole bụ asụsụ a na-asụ n'etiti ndị ohu na ndị bi na ya. Mana ọnọdụ nke usoro iwu French Guianese Creole dị nnọọ iche na Creole nke West Indies, n'otu aka n'ihi esemokwu dị n'etiti French, English, Dutch, Portuguese na Spanish, na French dialects dị ka Caen enweela mmetụta dị ukwuu na French Guianise Creole, nke mere ka ọ dị iche na Creoles nke Martinique, Haiti, St. Lucia na Guadeloupe.

Ya mere, e nwere ọtụtụ okwu na French Guianese Creole na Creoles nke West Indies. Otú ọ dị, ọtụtụ okwu na-eme ka ha dị iche nke ukwuu.

Na mgbakwunye, na French Guiana, a na-echekwa mkpụrụedemede **'<nowiki/>'r*** n'ọnọdụ mmalite, ebe na West Indies, a na'ịkpọpụta 'r' na-ejikarị ya tụnyere ụdaume /w/*.*

A na-etinye ihe ndị na-ekpebi ihe n'ihu aha ahụ:


== Orthography na phonology ==
A na-ede French Guianese Creole n'ụzọ dị ukwuu site na iji Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ French, ma e wezụga ole na ole. 'Q' na 'X' na-eji 'k' na 'z' dochie anya. A naghị eji 'C' ma e wezụga na digraph, ch, ebe ọ na-anọchite anya  (okwu maka *ịnyịnya* bụ *chouval*, yiri ịnyịnya French). Ma ọ bụghị ya, a na-eji 'k' dochie ya mgbe ọ na-anọchite anya  (Standard French's comment (how) a na-ede *kouman'') na 's', mgbe ọ na'anọchite anya. A naghị ede 'h' dị jụụ, n'adịghị ka Standard French, ebe ọ na-anọgide maka ebumnuche etymological. A na-eji 'w' dochie 'OU' mgbe ọ na-anọchite anya . A na-eji 'anyị' dochie 'OI', mana 'o' n'okwu "mo" na "to".

## Ihe Nlereanya
thumb|French Guianese Creole ahịrịokwu na-eme ka ọdịdị nke French Guiana

## Edensibia
Grenadian Creole English

**Grenadian Creole English** bụ Asụsụ Creole a na-asụ na Grenada. Ọ bụ onye otu Southern branch nke English-based Eastern Atlantic Creoles, tinyere Antiguan Creole (Antigua na Barbuda), Bajan Creole (Barbados), Guyanese Creole (Guyana), Tobagonian Creole, Trinidadian Creole (Trinidad na Tobago), Vincentian Creole (Saint Vincent na Grenadines), na Virgin Islands Creole (Virgin Islands).   bụ asụsụ a na-asụkarị na asụsụ ala nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ndị niile bi na Grenada, ma ọ bụ ihe dịka ndị 89,000 na-asụrụ ya na 2001.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Alaeze Ukwu Britain weghaara Grenada site na France na narị afọ nke 18, ma chịa ruo mgbe ọ nwetara nnwere onwe na 1974.  'agbanyeghị ogologo akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọchịchị Britain, ihe nketa French nke Grenada ka na-egosi site na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke okwu ndị French a gbazitere na Grenadian Creole English, yana ịdị adị na-adịgide adịgide nke Grenadian Creola French na mba ahụ. Omume francophone nke Grenada akwụsịghị ihe karịrị otu narị afọ tupu ọchịchị ndị Britain nke mesịrị mee ka Grenadian Creole English dochie Grenadian Creola French dị ka asụsụ nke agwaetiti ahụ. 

Grenada Creole Society, nke e guzobere na 2009, mezuru ebumnuche iji mee nchọpụta ma dekọọ asụsụ ahụ na Grenada. E bipụtara nchọpụta mbụ na 2012 na mbipụta Double Voicing and Multiplex Identities ed. Nicholas Faraclas na ndị ọzọ

## Akụkụ Asụsụ
 syntactic nke Grenadian Creole English nwere mmetụta nke Standard English, French na ụfọdụ asụsụ Africa.

## Hụkwa

* Bekee Bermuda
* Akpụkpọ anụ nke Jamaica

## Edensibia
Grenada site na France na narị afọ nke 18, ma chịa ruo mgbe ọ nwetara nnwere onwe na 1974.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu nke Grenadianisms
Asụsụ Abau

**Abau** bụ asụsụ Papuan a na-asụ n'ebe ndịda Sandaun Province nke Papua New Guinea, bụ́ isi n'akụkụ ókè ya na Indonesia.

N'afọ 2002, e mere atụmatụ na e nwere n'etiti 4,500 na 5,000 ndị ọkà okwu, ọnụ ọgụgụ a apụtaghị na ọ belatara kemgbe ọnụ ọgụgụ mbụ ziri ezi n'afọ 1970.

A na-akọ na Abau na-ekwu okwu.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Abau  ndepụta ụdaume kachasị mfe n'ezinụlọ asụsụ Sepik.

## Aha nnọchiaha
Ndị nnọchiaha bụ: 

Onu ogugu abuo na otutu na-amata ọdịiche dị n'etiti onye mbụ na onye na-abụghị nke mbụ.  Ọzọkwa, ndịiche nwoke na nwanyị nke atọ dị naanị maka otu, mana ọ bụghị ụdị nke abụọ ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ..

## Ụdị aha
Ụdị aha Abau bụ: 

Aha nwere ike iwere akara dị iche iche dabere na njirimara anụ ahụ a na-ekwusi ike. Ihe atụ: 

; akị bekee *ya*

* su pi-ron / akị bekee class.5-otu/ 'nkwụ akị bọọlụ'
* su ka-mon / akị bekee class.2-otu/ 'akị bekee'

; pey 'sugarcane'

* pey pi-ron /sugarcane class.5-otu/ 'otu ahịhịa shuga a na-akpụghị akpụ'
* pey houk-mon /sugarcane class.12-otu/ 'otu iberibe okpete'
* pey strong-mon /sugarcane class.9-one/ 'mgbidi nke ahịhịa shuga echekwara'
* pey henaw-mon /sugarcane class.11-otu/ 'otu ụyọkọ okpete dị njikere maka njem'

Dị ka ọtụtụ Asụsụ Sepik ndị ọzọ, Abau na-egosi n'ụzọ doro anya okike (lee asụsụ Sepik #Gender). Enwere ike ịhazi otu ihe ahụ dị ka nwoke ma ọ bụ nwanyị, dabere na njirimara anụ ahụ e bu n'obi iji mesie ike. Ihe atụ: 

; *youk* 'onye na-agba ịnyịnya'

* *youk se* 'paddle M.DAT' (na-elekwasị anya n*'ogologo oge* paddle) 
* *youk ke* 'paddle F.DAT' (na-elekwasị anya na *ọdịdị dị larịị* nke mma paddle abụọ) 

## Okwu
Okwu ndị a sitere na Foley (2005)  na Laycock (1968),  dị ka e depụtara na nchekwa data Trans-New Guinea: 

## Edensibia

*  

## Njikọ mpụga

* Papuaweb - nchịkọta nke isi ihe na Abau (PDF format) 
* Abau Grammar - akwụkwọ nke Arjen Lock na ụtọ asụsụ nke asụsụ (PDF format) 
* Phonology Essentials - Abau Language - akwụkwọ nke Arjen Lock na phonology nke asụsụ (PDF format) 
* Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Abau dị na Global Lexicostatistical Database
* Ihe onwunwe OLAC na banyere asụsụ Abau
* Gee ihe atụ nke Abau site na Global Recordings Network
* World Atlas of Language Structures ozi gbasara Abau
Asụsụ Garifuna

**Garifuna** (Karif) bụ asụsụ ole na ole a na-asụ n'ọtụtụ obodo nke Ndị Garifuna na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ nke ụsọ oké osimiri ugwu nke Central America.

Ọ bụ onye otu ezinụlọ asụsụ Arawak mana ọ bụghị nke a na-ahụkarị ebe ọ bụ na a na-asụ ya n'èzí mpaghara asụsụ Arawak, nke a na'ebe ugwu nke South America ugbu a, na n'ihi na o nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke okwu ndị a gbazitere, site na asụsụ Carib na ọtụtụ asụsụ Europe n'ihi ọgba aghara dị oke egwu n'oge gara aga nke metụtara agha, ịkwaga na ọchịchị.

Asụsụ ahụ dịbu n'àgwàetiti Antillean nke St. Vincent na Dominica, mana ndị na-asụ ya, ndị Garifuna, bụ ndị Ndị Britain chụpụrụ na 1797 gaa n'ụsọ oké osimiri ugwu nke Honduras  ebe asụsụ na ndị Garifuna agbasaala n'ụsoro oké osimiri ndịda ruo Nicaragua na n'ebe ugwu ruo Guatemala na Belize.

Akụkụ nke okwu Garifuna kewara n'etiti okwu ụmụ nwoke na okwu ụmụ nwanyị, ụfọdụ echiche nwere okwu abụọ iji gosipụta ha, otu maka ụmụ nwanyị na otu maka ụmụ nwoke. Ọzọkwa, okwu ndị ụmụ nwoke na-eji eme ihe bụ okwu ndị e si na Carib nweta ebe ndị ụmụ nwanyị na-eji bụ Arawak.

## Nbudata

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke asụsụ na mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya
Garinagu (otu *Garifuna*) bụ ngwakọta nke West / Central African, Arawak, na Carib nna nna. Ọ bụ ezie na ha bụ ndị a dọọrọ n'agha wepụrụ n'ala nna ha, edeghị ndị a dị ka ndị ohu. Echiche abụọ a na-ahụkarị bụ na ha bụ ndị lanarịrị ụgbọ mmiri abụọ e dekọrọ ma ọ bụ ha n'ụzọ ụfọdụ weghaara ụgbọ mmiri ha bịara. Ndị Britain chụpụrụ ndị ọzọ yiri ndị ọdịda anyanwụ na ndị etiti Afrịka site na Saint Vincent gaa n'àgwàetiti dị na Bay of Honduras na 1796. 

## Ihe edeturu

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ
 

## Edensibia
 a, na n'ihi na o nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke okwu ndị a gbazitere, site na asụsụ Carib na ọtụtụ asụsụ Europe n'ihi ọgba aghara dị oke

## Njikọ mpụga
 

* 
* 

* Ụlọ Ọrụ Nnyocha Garifuna
* Nkwupụta zuru ụwa ọnụ nke ikike mmadụ: mbipụta Garifuna (ihe atụ ederede) 
* A Caribbean Vocabulary Compilated in 1666 (ndepụta nke okwu Garifuna ochie) na Internet ArchiveEbe Ndebe Ihe Ochie n'Intanet
* Garifuna, Njikọ Asụsụ Dị n'Ime Iche
Asụ Congo

Habla Congo ma ọ bụ Habla Bantú bụ Asụsụ liturgical nke Kongo nke Okpukpe Palo nke malitere na Cuba, Dominican Republic na Puerto Rico, mesịa gbasaa na mba ndị ọzọ na Caribbean Basin .  Enwere ike ịkpọ Spanish-language text" typeof="mw:Transclusion">*Asụsụ* ahụ lengua conga ma ọ bụ lengua congo mana a na-akpọkarị ya lengua, nke pụtara "asụsụ" na Spanish. Ọ na-agụnye ịgbanwere koodu n'etiti okwu na ahịrịokwu sitere na Kongo; Bozal Spanish, archaic Spanish creole nke ubi ohu Caribbean, ma ọ bụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala iṅomi ya; na mkparịta ụka Caribbean Spanish. 

A  (Palo priest) ga-ekwu na ọ na-asụ Congo (ma ọ bụ habla conga) "na-asụ Kongo," na-asọ Congo, ma ọ bụ na-asọpụta Palero.  bụghị ihe nzuzo, mana ebumnuche ya bụ ka ndị na-amaghị ihe na-apụghị ịghọta.

## Hụkwa

* Lucumí, asụsụ liturgical yiri nke ahụ dabere na Yoruba

## Edensibia
Spanish. Ọ na-agụnye ịgbanwere koodu n'etiti okwu na ahịrịokwu sitere na Kongo
Asụsụ Sabaki

**Asụsụ Sabaki** bụ Asụsụ Bantu nke Swahili Coast, nke akpọrọ aha Osimiri Sabaki.  mgbakwunye na Swahili, asụsụ Sabaki gụnyere Ilwana (Malakote) na Pokomo na Osimiri Tana na Kenya, Mijikenda, nke a na-asụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri Kenya; Comorian, na Comoro Islands; na Mwani, nke a-asụ na ugwu Mozambique. Na nhazi ala nke Guthrie, Swahili dị na mpaghara Bantu G, ebe asụsụ Sabaki ndị ọzọ dị na mpaghara E70, nke a na-akpọkarị Nyika.*Ọ bụ ihe a na-akpọ Nyika*

## Asụsụ

* Ilwana (Malakote) (E.701) 
* Pokomo (E.71) 
* Mijikenda (E.72-73) (North (Nyika), Segeju, Digo, Degere) 
* Asụsụ Comorian,  nke e kewara n'ìgwè abụọ, Western (Shimwali na Shingazidja) na Eastern (Shimaore na Shindzwani) 
* Mwani (Mozambik) 
* Swahili: Makwe (Mozambique), Sidi (Pakistan), Tikulu (Bajuni Islands, Somalia), Socotra Swahili, Mwiini (Brava, Somalia), Coastal Swahili (Lamu, Mombasa, Zanzibar), Pemba Swahili (Pemba, Mafia) 

Nwa mgbakwunye, e nwere ọtụtụ Swahili Creoles na pidgins: Cutchi-Swahili, Kisetla (Settler Swahili), Engsh, Sheng, Shaba Swahili (Katanga Swahili, Lubumbashi Swahili), Ngwana (Congo Swahili), Kikeya.

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Ọdịbendị Vodoun nke Haiti

Asụsụ ọdịbendị nke Haiti (nke a maara dị ka ***' na ***'; n'ụzọ nkịtị "asụsụ") bụ okwu pụrụ iche eji eme ihe na Haiti maka okpukpe, abụ, na ịgba egwu.  yiri ka ọ bụghị asụsụ n'ezie, kama ọ bụ ụdị okwu, abụ, na okwu mkparị - ụfọdụ ihe nzuzo - site na asụsụ dị iche iche e ji mee emume Vodoun nke Haiti.

## Hụkwa

* Haitian Vodou
* Lucumí language

## Edensibia
ịgba egwu.  yiri ka ọ bụghị asụsụ n'ezie, kama ọ bụ
Baraza Kiswahili Taifa

Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa (National Swahili Council, nke a na-akpọ B**AKITA**) bụ ụlọ ọrụ Tanzania nke na-ahụ maka ịchịkwa na ịkwalite Asụsụ Kiswahili.

## Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
Tanganyika na Zanzibar, ndị mejupụtara abụọ nke Tanzania nke oge a, nọ n'okpuru Ọchịchị ndị Germany site na 1880s. Ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke agbụrụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ dị iche iche bi n'ókèala ahụ. Gọọmentị ndị Germany na-achị ha kpebiri iji Kiswahili mee ihe dị ka asụsụ nchịkwa mgbe ha tụrụ egwu na iji asụsụ German ga-ewebata ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ na ederede Marxist.  Britain, bụ ndị weghaara ọchịchị mgbe e meriri Germany na Agha Ụwa nke Mbụ gara n'ihu na iwu a.

Swahili nwere olumba iri na asaa. Kọmitii Asụsụ Interterritorial na 1930 n'okpuru ọchịchị ndị Britain na East Africa nyere ọrụ ịmepụta ụdị asụsụ ahụ. A họọrọ olumba Kiunjuga nke a na-asụ na Zanzibar dị ka isi. Kọmitii ahụ tinyekwara aka n'ịhazi mkpụrụ okwu yana ịmepụta okwu ọhụrụ. A haziri kọmitii ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ụlọ ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ dị ka *Taasisi ya Uchunguzi wa Kiswahili* (TATAKI) na 1964 wee sonye na Mahadum Dar es Salaam na 1970. 

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Tanganyika African National Union, na-alụ ọgụ maka nnwere onwe pụọ n'ọchịchị ọchịchị, anabatala Kiswahili dị ka asụsụ nke nzukọ ọha na eze na mgbanwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Mgbe ọ batara n'ọchịchị, e mere Kiswahili asụsụ mba ma hụ ya dị ka ngwá ọrụ maka njikọta mba na mmepe mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya. Ebe ọ bụ na Taasisi ya Uchunguzi bụ Kiswahili agbanweela n'ime ụlọ ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ, enwere oghere gbasara ọrụ nhazi ya.  guzobere Baraza la Kiswahili la Taifa iji mejupụta oghere a.

## Ntọala na ọrụ
E guzobere BAKITA site n'iwu ndị omeiwu na 1967 dị ka nzukọ raara onwe ya nye mmepe na nkwado nke Kiswahili dị ka ụzọ maka njikọta mba na Tanzania. E debere ọrụ ya n'iwu a ma gbasaa ya na mmezigharị e mere na 1983. Ọrụ n dị mkpa maka nzukọ ahụ gụnyere ịmepụta ọnọdụ dị mma maka mmepe nke Kiswahili, ịgba ume iji asụsụ ahụ na ọrụ gọọmentị na azụmaahịa, ịhazi ọrụ nke òtù ndị ọzọ metụtara Kiswahili.

BAKITA na-arụkọ ọrụ na òtù ndị dị ka TATAKI n'ịmepụta, nhazi na mgbasa nke okwu pụrụ iche. Ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịtụ aro okwu ọhụrụ iji meghachi omume  mkpa ndị na-apụta mana ọ bụ naanị BAKITA nwere ike ịkwado ojiji.  ọ na-erule ngwụcha afọ ndị 1970, e bipụtara okwu na *Tafsisru Sanifu*, akwụkwọ akụkọ BAKITA, maka akụ na ụba na azụmaahịa, nchịkwa na gọọmentị, mgbakọ na mwepụ, sayensị, sayensụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na ngalaba ndị ọzọ.

BAKITA -ahazi ọrụ ya na ndị otu yiri ya na Kenya na Uganda iji nyere aka na mmepe nke Kiswahili.

## Hụkwa

* Baraza la Sanaa la Taifa (BASATA), kansụl nka nke Tanzania
* Baraza la Muziki la Taifa (BAMUTA), onye bụbu kansụl egwu nke Tanzania
* Chama cha Kiswahili cha Taifa (CHAKITA), Onye Kenya ya

## Edensibia
gbasaa ya na mmezigharị e mere na 1983. Ọrụ n dị mkpa maka nzukọ ahụ gụnyere ịmepụta ọnọdụ dị mma maka mmepe nke Kiswahili, ịgba ume iji asụsụ ahụ na ọrụ gọọmentị na az

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị
Swahilization

***'Swahilization***' ma ọ bụ Swahilisation na-ezo aka n'otu n'ime omume abụọ:

* omenala omenala nke ndị obodo dị na Ndịda Ọwụwa Anyanwụ Afrịka n'ime Ndị Swahili na omenala ha.
* nkwalite nke Asụsụ Swahili mgbe nnwere onwe gasịrị site na gọọmentị nke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ Afrịka bụbu ndị na-achị dị ka asụsụ mba na nke gọọmentị, yana iwu ka ukwuu nke omenala nke Africanization (lee Julius Nyerere na *Ujamaa*).

Swahili bụ asụsụ a na-asụ n'ebo niile dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Eastern Tanzania tupu ndị bi na Europe abịarute. 'ime afọ 1800, ahia ohu nke ndị ahịa Arab duziri mere ka Swahili bụrụ 50% sitere na Arabic.

N'afọ ndị 1960, mba ọhụrụ nke Tanzania jiri ọdịnaya Swahili dochie ihe niile gbasara agụmakwụkwọ Bekee n'ụlọ akwụkwọ elementrị n'ịgagharị iji kpochapụ oge ọchịchị nke mba ahụ. Ụlọ akwụkwọ etiti na elu ga-eme otu ihe ahụ site n'afọ 2000. Julius Nyerere, onye malitere iwu a, sụgharịrị onwe ya Julius Caesar na The Merchant of Venice nke Shakespeare na Swahili. Omume  malitekwara na USA, nke ịrị elu nke Black Power movement kwadoro.

Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1990, Swahilization nke usoro agụmakwụkwọ Tanzania emeghị n'ezie, Bekee ka bụ asụsụ agụmakwụkwọ kachasị, a gbahapụrụ ọtụtụ mgbanwe. N'ụlọ ikpe nke mba ahụ, a na-ekpe ikpe n'asụsụ Swahili mana a na-edebe ihe ndekọ ahụ n'asụsụ Bekee. A na-akpọ ngwakọta nke Swahili na Bekee n'asụsụ ndị a na-asụ na mba ahụ *Kiswengli* (Kiswahili-English). N'ọkwa ndị ọkà mmụta, ọtụtụ okwu sayensị adịghị n'asụsụ Swahili. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1990, ewepụtara okwu teknụzụ Swahili ọhụrụ 8,000, mana ọ naghị agbasa n'usoro agụmakwụkwọ niile. Swahilization nke mba ahụ nwere ike kewapụrụ ya na ahịa mba ụwa n'oge 1970s na 1980s. 

 ọ na-erule mmalite afọ 2000, a malitere iji Kiswahili mee ihe n'ime otu na Kenya, ihe ịrịba ama na asụsụ Swahili nke mba ahụ na-amalite ịpụta dị ka asụsụ kachasị. Nnyocha nke afọ 2010 gosiri , na Tanzania, Swahili ghọrọ ihe a ma ama na mpaghara ndị na-asụkarị Matengo.

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Socotra Swahili

**Socotra Swahili** bụ asụsụ na-adịghịzi adị  nke a na-asụ na Socotra Island na Yemen.  kọrọ na otu ụzọ n'ụzọ ise nke agwaetiti ahụ (ihe dị ka mmadụ 2,000) na-asụ ya na 1962. [1]

## Edensibia
kwa ụbọchị site na Mọnde ruo Sọnde.Ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ Jamvi
Asụsụ Mwani

[]**Asụsụ Mwani**, nke a makwaara site na aha nna ya ****, (Kimwani [kiˈmwani]) bụ asụsụ Bantu a na-asụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke mpaghara Cabo Delgado nke Mozambique, gụnyere Quirimbas Islands. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ekerịta ihe yiri ya (60%) na Swahili, ọ naghị aghọta ya. Ọ bụ ihe dị ka mmadụ 167,150 na-asụ ya (gụnyere 147,150 ndị na-asụrụ ya dị ka asụsụ mbụ na 20,000 ndị na-eji ya dị kaasụsụ nke abụọ ha). Ndị na-asụ ya na-ejikwa Portuguese (asụsụ gọọmentị nke Mozambique), Swahili na asụsụ Makhuwa. *KiwIbo*, olumba nke agwaetiti Ibo bụ olumba a ma ama. A na-akpọkwa *Ki*Mwani** (mgbe ụfọdụ a na-akpọ *Quimuane*) Mwani (mgbe ọzọ a na-ede ya: *Mwane, Muane*) na *Ibo*.  ka Anthony P. Grant  si kwuo, Kimwani nke ugwu Mozambique yiri ka ọ bụ nsonaazụ nke mgbanwe ezughi oke na Swahili ọtụtụ narị afọ gara aga site n'aka ndị na-asụ Makonde, na Arends et al. na-atụ aro na ọ nwere ike ịghọ asụsụ Makonde-Swahili.

## Aha ya
Aha asụsụ ahụ sitere n'okwu "Mwani", nke pụtara "ikpere mmiri". Okwu mbido "Ki" pụtara asụsụ nke, yabụ "Kimwani" pụtara n'ụzọ nkịtị "asụsụ nke osimiri".

## Ụda
*Kimwani* (dị ka Swahili) bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'etiti asụsụ ndịda Sahara n'ihi na ọ tụfuru akụkụ nke ụda okwu (ma e wezụga ụfọdụ okwu ebe ojiji ya bụ nhọrọ). Ọ nweghị nrụgide nke abụọ na nke ikpeazụ nke Swahili; ọ nwere ụda olu na-agbanwe agbanwe. Labialization nke consonants (nke a na-egosi site na [w] na-esote consonant) na palatalization nke r (ry; [rj]) na-adịkarị. n nke ụdaume na-eme naanị n'ihu ụdaume imi n na-esote ụdaume.

### Mkpụrụedemede
*Kimwani* nwere ụdaume ise: , , , , na , ya bụ: ụdaume ya dị nso na nke Spanish Ndị Hawaiian. Ọ nweghị ọdịiche dị n'etiti ụdaume mechiri emechi na nke meghere emepe nke Portuguese ma ọ bụ French ma chọta ya na Asụsụ Bantu ndị ọzọ dị ka Lingala, Fang, na ikekwe Sukuma.

Nkwupụta nke phoneme /i/ guzo n'etiti International Phonetic Alphabet [i] na [e]. A naghị ebelata ụdaume, n'agbanyeghị nrụgide. A na-akpọ ụdaume dị ka ndị a:

* A na-akpọ  dị ka "a" na Arabic *Hajji*
* A na-akpọ  dị ka "e" na beat*ịkụ aka*
* A na-akpọ  dị ka "y" na *yam*
*  na-akpọ dịka "o" na *ma ọ bụ*
* A na-akpọ  dị ka "u" na *Sue*.

Kimwani enweghị diphthongs; na njikọta ụdaume, a na-akpọ ụdaume ọ bụla iche.

### Mkpụrụ okwu

## Orthography
Enwere ike ịsụgharị *Kimwani* n'ụzọ atọ: site na iji orthography yiri Swahili, site na iji usoro mkpụrụedemede gbanwere ntakịrị nke a na-eji n'ụlọ akwụkwọ Mozambique ma ọ bụ site na iji mkpụrụedemede Portuguese. Ndị a bụ ọdịiche:

## Ọnụ ọgụgụ
sitini (60), sabini (70), themanini (80), tisini (90) 

m (100), m mbili (200) 

Elfu (1000) elfu mbili (2000) 

## Edensibia
akụkọ ahụ na-ebipụta ihe ndị aenweghị diphthongs; na njikọta ụdaume, a na-akpọ egwuregwu. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-ebipụta ihe ndị aenweghị diphthongs; na njikọta ụdaume, a na-akpọ

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Ihe osise nke Kimwani (asụsụ ole na ole nke Mozambique); Africa & Asia, #2, peeji nke 88-110, Mahadum Göteborg. &nbsp;2002.   ISSN&nbsp;1650-2019
* Namuna ya kufifunda kufyoma na ñuka (Manual de transition, asụsụ Kimwani); SIL & JUWA; Pemba, Cabo Delgado, Mozambique. 2002.
*
Asụsụ Miani

**Miani**, nke a na-akpọbu **Tani** n'aha obodo, bụ asụsụ dị mgbagwoju anya nke Madang Province, Papua New Guinea .  Ụdị ndị dị n'ebe ugwu na ndịda, *Miani* na *Maiani*, bụ olumba n'ihe gbasara okwu ma ọ bụ ịkpọpụta.

## Edensibia
Guinea .  Ụdị ndị dị n'ebe ugwu na ndịda, Miani na Maiani, bụ olumba n'ihe gbasara okwu
Asụsụ Akpa

**Akpa** (Akweya) bụ Asụsụ Idomoid a na-asụ na Ohimini na Oturkpo LGAs, Benue State, etiti Nigeria.

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Kri

**Kri** (Krìì) bụ asụsụ Vietic nke Ndị Kri nke Laos na Vietnam na-asụ.

## Aha
 ndị ọzọ maka Kri gụnyere Karii, K[a]ri-Phoong, Kha Phoong, Coi, na Salang.

## Nbudata
Ndị na-asụ Kri bi na ndagwurugwu Upper Ñrong (Nam Noy) nke Khammouane Province, Laos, yana ebe ndị ọzọ dị na Nakai-Nam Theun Biodiversity Conservation Area. Ọ na-aghọta ọnụ na Pròòngq, nke a na-asụ n'ọtụtụ obodo nta site na Kri (Enfield & Diffloth 2009).

## Background
Ndị Kri na-akpọ onwe ha *mleeng Kri*, na asụsụ ha *meengq Kri*. Ha bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na-akwagharị kwa afọ 2-3 n'etiti ebe ndị dịbu adị (Chamberlain 1998).  A na-akwatu ụlọ mgbe onye ezinụlọ nwụsịrị, a na-ejikwa ihe ndị e ji ewu ụlọ rụọ ụlọ ọhụrụ n'ebe dị iche. Ewezuga asụsụ Kri, ọtụtụ ndị okenye, ọkachasị ụmụ nwoke, na-asụkwa Vietnamese, Saek, Bru, na Lao nke ọma.

* *Iskị* - ibi ndụ
* *krnoq* - ụlọ

Nke a na-eme ka -r- dị mkpirikpi mgbe ọ dị n'etiti ụdaume:

* *kadôôlq* - iji mee ka isi gị dị n'elu ihe
* *krdôôlq* - ohiri isi

### Ọdịdị Okwu
*Ebe* nwere ụdị atọ nke ịgọnahụ: déêh, laa, na cóù. Enwere omume syntactic dị iche iche. Cùù na-apụta tupu isiokwu (dịka ahịrịokwu na mbido). *ya* *Deeh* na laa nwere ike ịpụta n'ihu ngwaa (mgbe isiokwu gasịrị). *Deeh* *Dee* iche na laa n'ihi na déêh nwere ike ịpụta na gburugburu ellipsis na-aza (*ya* bụ, dị ka okwu kwụ otu ebe mgbe ajụjụ gasịrị). 

 nwere ọtụtụ akara TAM (nke na-enye ozi gbasara oge, akụkụ, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ) nke predicates.

## Nchịkọta okwu
Usoro okwu bụ isi nke Kri bụ SVO, ọ bụ ezie na arụmụka ellipsis na ihu nke ndị mejupụtara ya bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị. , enweghi akara ikpe ma ọ bụ nkwekọrịta cross-referencing.

### Akụkụ Okwu
Usoro ngwaa na-ewu nwere akara doro anya nke ịnọ n'okpuru (kùù). 

### Ógbè A Na-akpọ Aha
Ndị nnọchiaha Kri na-egosipụta mmetụta maka ọnụọgụ atọ na Kri (otu, abụọ na ọtụtụ), yana ọdịiche gụnyere / naanị, na (maka otu) ọdịiche dị mma / na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla. A na-eme ọdịiche nwoke na nwanyị naanị n'ụdị onye nke atọ. A na-eji ụdị nkwanye ùgwù eme ihe mgbe enwere mmekọrịta kwesịrị ekwesị (dịka afọ ma ọ bụ ikwu).

#### Ndị na-ekewa ihe
Enwere ike iji onye na-ahazi *longq* (ma ọ dịghị mkpa) iji gosipụta nnweta. E nwekwara ihe owuwu nke nhazi nọmba. Enwere ike ịh ndị a Number-Classifier-Noun ma ọ bụ Noun-Number-Classification.

## Edensibia
Chamberlain 1998).  A na-akwatu ụlọ mgbe onye ezinụlọ nwụsịrị, a na-ejikwa ihe ndị e ji ewu ụlọ rụọ na-ahazi longq (ma ọ dịghị mkpa) iji gosipụta nnweta. E nwekwara ihe owuwu nke nhazi

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* 

## Njikọ mpụga

* https://web.archive.org/web/20200921134715/http://sealsxxii.vjf.cnrs.fr/Documents/Abstract-Enfield.pdf E debere ya na Wayback Machine
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations
2006 FIFA World Cup

Iko mba ụwa nke afọ 2006 bụ otu n'ime ihe omume ndị a na-elekarị anya na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke telivishọn, na-enweta ihe dịka ijeri ugboro 26.29 e lere anya n'oge asọmpi ahụ. &nbsp;Nke ikpeazụ ahụ dọtara ndị -ege ntị ruru nde mmadụ 715.1.&nbsp; Test test test test test test test tes test
Taifa Leo

***Taifa Leo*** bụ naanị akwụkwọ akụkọ Asụsụ Swahili nke e bipụtara na Kenya. E hiwere ya na 1958. *Taifa Leo* pụtara "Mba Taa" na Swahili.

Ọ bụ Nation Media Group bipụtara *Taifa Leo*. Site na 2012 ruo Febụwarị 2018, e bipụtara ọdịnaya ya na ebe nrụọrụ weebụ Swahili www.swahilihub.com. N'okpuru nduzi nke onye nchịkọta akụkọ a ma ama bụ Faustine Ngila, akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ gbanwere ebe nrụọrụ weebụ ya ka ọ bụrụ taifaleo.nation.co.ke iji nwetakwuo anya n'ịntanetị. Kemgbe ahụ, ọ bụ isi iyi Kenya nke ọdịnaya Swahili n'ịntanetị, na-ebipụta ihe ndị na-eme ugbu a, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, atụmatụ na egwuregwu. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-ebipụta ihe ndị a na-eme kwa ụbọchị site na Mọnde ruo Sọnde.Ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ Jamvi na Sọnde, Dimba na Mọnde, Lugha na Elimu na Wednesday na Akilimali na Thursday.

N'afọ 2019, ọ wepụtara magazin akụkọ ahụike ọhụrụ a na-akpọ *Afya*, nke a na-ebipụta na Tuesday ọ bụla. Ndị ntorobịa nwere ike ịnụ ụtọ ihe ntụrụndụ ọ bụla na Fraịdee na ebe a na-akpọ Bambika. A maara ya nke ọma maka ihe ntụrụndụ Swahili karịsịa 'Dondoo za Hapa na Pale', 'Wazo Bonzo' na 'Shangazi' nke bụ ngwá ọrụ nke obi ụtọ karịsịa ọchị nke sitere na akụkọ ịhụnanya na-atọ ọchị.A maara ya maka iduzi mmụta asụsụ Swahili na ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị na nke sekọndrị site na ule nyocha e bipụtara na akwụkwọ na asọmpi Insha.

N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, a maara ya maka esemokwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike nke na-enyo enyo na Kenya na-anabata nrụrụ aka na ọchịchị ọjọọ.Ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta Swahili na-eji *Taifa Leo* dị ka ngwá ọrụ maka nyocha akwụkwọ na mmepe asụsụ Swahili.Onye isi ugbu  bụ Peter Ngare, onye nọchiri Nicholas Muema na Jenụwarị 2018.  

## Edensibia
ọdịnaya Swahili n'ịntanetị, na-ebipụta ihe ndị na-eme ugbu a, ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, atụmatụ na egwuregwu. Akwụkwọ akụkọ ahụ na-ebipụta ihe ndị a na-em
Asụsụ Bravanese

Bravanese, nke a na-akpọkwa **Chimwiini** (ChiMwini, Mwiini, Mwini) ma ọ bụ **Chimbalazi**,  bụ asụsụ metụtara Swahili nke **Ndị Bravanese** na-asụ, ndị bụ ndị bi na Barawa, ma ọ bụ Brava, na Somalia.   dị, ọ na-eme ka onwe ya dị iche na Swahili dị mma n'okpuru echiche asụsụ niile.

N'ihi Agha Obodo Somalia na-aga n'ihu, ọtụtụ ndị na-ekwu okwu ahapụla mpaghara ahụ ma gbasaa n'ụwa niile n'ime obodo ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ n'ebe ndị dị ka Columbus na Atlanta na United States, London na Manchester na United Kingdom, na Mombasa, Kenya. Ọ nwere ihe na-erughị ndị ọkà okwu 15,000. 

Bravanese nwere ike ịbụ na ọ bụ asụsụ mpaghara n'ihi ebe dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Barawa. Otu ihe akaebe asụsụ maka nke a sitere na mbelata ọdịdị.  ọmụmaatụ, ọ nwere usoro oge atọ, nke dị mfe karịa nke Asụsụ Bantu ndị agbata obi a na-asụ na Somalia.

## Hụkwa

* Ndị Bravanese

## Edensibia
mpaghara ahụ ma gbasaa n'ụwa niile n'ime obodo ndị gbara ọsọ ndụ n'ebe ndị dị ka Columbus na At

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

*
Asụsụ Arawá

**Arawa** (a.k.a. **Aruá**) bụ Asụsụ na-adịghịzi adị na Brazil. Ọrịa kịtịkpa e webatara kpochapụrụ ndị mmadụ, onye ọkà okwu ikpeazụ nwụrụ n'afọ 1877. Nanị ihe dị ndụ bụ ndepụta okwu sitere na 1869.

## Edensibia
mmadụ, onye ọkà okwu ikpeazụ nwụrụ n'afọ 1877.
Asụsụ Alawa

**Alawa** (Galawa) bụ Asụsụ ụmụ amaala Australia na-anwụ anwụ nke Ndị Alawa nke Northern Territory na-asụ. N'afọ 1991, a kọrọ na e nwere ndị ọkà okwu 18 fọdụrụ na ndị ọkà okwu 4 fọdụrụ. 

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu
 nwere ndepụta nke ụdaume maka asụsụ ụmụ amaala Australia, nke nwere ebe ise dị iche iche nke nkwubi okwu, ọtụtụ ụdaume n'akụkụ, na enweghị ọdịiche dị n'etiti nkwụsị.

Rịba ama: enweghị akara IPA maka nkwụsị alveopalatal.

### Mkpụrụedemede
 ụdaume nke Alawa nwere ụdaume anọ: ụdaume dị elu n'ihu /i/, ụdaume dị n'azụ /u/, ụdaolu dị n'etiti /e/, na ụdaume dị ala n'etiti.

Enweghị ọ dị gburugburu ma ọ bụ ọdịiche dị ogologo n'asụsụ a.

## Okwu
Capell (1942) depụtara ihe ndị a bụ isi: 

### Hụkwa

*  

## Edensibia
Territory na-asụ. N'afọ 1991, a kọrọ na e nwere ndị

## Njikọ mpụga

* Bibliography nke asụsụ Alawa na ihe onwunwe ndị mmadụ, na Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander StudiesỤlọ Ọrụ Australia nke Aboriginal na Torres Strait Islander Studies
Asụsụ Ajawa

**Ajawa** bụ asụsụ Afro-Asia nke a na-asụbu na Bauchi State, Nigeria. Ajawa kwụsịrị 'etiti 1920 na 1940 ka ndị na-asụ ya gbanwere asụsụ Hausa. 

## Ihe edeturu
Ajawa kwụsịrị 'etiti 1920 na 1940 ka ndị na

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ihe onwunwe OLAC na banyere asụsụ Ajawa
Asụsụ Tequistlatecan

**Tequistlatec**, nke a na-akpọkwa **Chontal**, bụ asụsụ atọ dị nso ma dị iche iche nke Oaxaca_Chontal_people" id="mwDQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Oaxaca Chontal people">Ndị Chontal nke Oaxaca State, Mexico na-asụ ma ọ bụ na-asụrụ.

Ndị mmadụ 6,000 ma ọ bụ karịa na-asụ Chontal na 2020. 

## Asụsụ
Asụsụ Tequistlatecan bụ:

* Huamelultec (Lowland Oaxaca Chontal) 
* Tequistlatec (ọ dịghịzi) 
* Ugwu Oaxaca Chontal

## Aha ya
Ọ bụ ezie na ọtụtụ ndị edemede na-eji ụdị tequistlatec (an) taa, nke a dabere na mmepụta na-ekwesịghị ekwesị na Nahuatl (nke ziri ezi sitere na *Tequisistlán* ga-abụ Tequisistec (an), Sapir jikwa okwu abụọ ahụ mee ihe).

## Nchịkọta
Asụsụ Tequistlatecan bụ akụkụ nke ezinụlọ Hokan a chọrọ, mana a na-ewerekarị ya dị ka ezinụlọ dị iche.  Campbell na Oltrogge (1980) tụpụtara na asụsụ Tequistlatecan nwere ike jikọta na Jicaquean (lee Tolatecan), mana anabatabeghị echiche a n'ozuzu ya.

## Hụkwa

* Ndepụta okwu Huamelultec na Wikipedia Spanish

## Ihe edeturu

## Edensibia

* Campbell, Lyle na Oltrogge, David. 1980. Proto-Tol (Jicaque)  International Journal of American Linguistics, 46:205-223
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1979. "Middle American languages." Na L. Campbell & M. Mithun (Eds.), The Languages of Native America: Historical and Comparative Assessment, (pp. 902-1000). &nbsp;Austin: Mahadum nke Texas Press.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 1997. "American Indian Languages, The Historical Linguistics of Native America. " Na *Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics*. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Asụsụ Yuman-Cochimí

**Asụsụ Yuman-Cochimí** bụ ezinụlọ asụsụ ndị a na-asụ na California" id="mwCg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Baja California">Baja California, n'ebe ugwu Sonora, n'etiti California, na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ Arizona. A naghịzi asụ Cochimí ka ọ na-erule ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, ọtụtụ asụsụ Yuman ndị ọzọ nọkwa n'ihe ize ndụ.

## Nchịkọta
Enwere ihe dị ka asụsụ Yuman iri na abụọ.  Cochimí nke na-ehi ụra, nke a gbara akaebe na narị afọ nke 18, ka amapụtara mgbe e guzobechara ezinụlọ ndị ọzọ, a chọpụtakwara na ọ dị iche.  Ya mere, a na-akpọ ezinụlọ ndị ahụ Yuman–Cochimí, ebe Yuman bụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ-Cochimí.
 
Cochimí na-ehi ụra ugbu a.  Cucapá bụ aha Spanish maka Cocopa.  Diegueño bụ aha Spanish maka Ipai–Kumeyaay–Tipai, nke a na-akpọkarị Kumeyaay ugbu a.  Upland Yuman nwere ọtụtụ olumba nghọta nke Yavapai, Hualapai na Havasupai na-asụ na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.

## Asụsụ Mbụ
 

### Urheimat
Mauricio Mixco nke Mahadum Utah na-ezo aka na enweghị okwu Proto-Yuman a na-eweghachi maka ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri dị ka ihe akaebe megide osimiri, ọdọ mmiri, ma ọ bụ osimiri Urheimat.

### Ihe owuwu
Nrụzigharị Proto-Yuman site na Mixco (1978): 

## Edensibia

## Akwụkwọ

* Campbell, Lyle. (1997). *American Indian Languages: The Historical Linguistics of Native America*. Oxford University Press.
* Goddard, Ives. (1996). "Introduction". In *Languages*, edited by Ives Goddard, pp.&nbsp;1–16. *Handbook of North American Indians*, William C. Sturtevant, general editor, Vol. 17. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
* Kendall, Martha B. (1983). "Yuman languages". In *Southwest*, edited by Alfonso Ortiz, pp.&nbsp;4–12. *Handbook of North American Indians*, William C. Sturtevant, general editor, Vol. 10. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
* Langdon, Margaret. (1990). "Diegueño: how many languages?" In *Proceedings of the 1990 Hokan–Penutian Language Workshop*, edited by James E. Redden, pp.&nbsp;184–190. Occasional Papers in Linguistics No. 15. University of Southern Illinois, Carbondale.
* Mithun, Marianne. (1999). *The Languages of Native North America*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN&nbsp; (hbk); .
* Mixco, Mauricio J. (2006). "The indigenous languages". In *The Prehistory of Baja California: Advances in the Archaeology of the Forgotten Peninsula*, edited by Don Laylander and Jerry D. Moore, pp.&nbsp;24–41.
Asụsụ Jicaquean

**,Jicaquean**, makwaara dị ka Tolan, bụ obere ezinụlọ asụsụ nke Honduras.  Enwere asụsụ Jicaquean abụọ agbanyere aka, Tol (Eastern Jicaque) na Western Jicaque (Holt 1999), nke Campbell (1997) na-akọ dị ihe dịka Bekee na Swedish.  Naanị Tol dị ndụ.

## Nchịkọta
Tupu akwụkwọ Greenberg na Swadesh nwere mmetụta na 1953[1] Tol (aka Eastern Jicaque) chere na ọ bụ asụsụ dịpụrụ adịpụ, ya bụ, enweghị ihe ọmụma gbasara njikọ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nwere ike ime.  Ha rụrụ ụka na ekwesịrị ịgbakwunye Tol na ngwaahịa Hokan, nnukwu asụsụ, phylum ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ, nke R. B. Dixon na Alfred D. Kroeber tụpụtara na 1913.[2]  Na 1977, David Oltrogge[3] tụrụ aro ijikọ Tol na asụsụ Subtiaba nke Nicaragua na-ekpochapụ, yana Chontal nke Oaxaca, nke a makwaara dị ka Tequistlateco.  Nke a pụtara n'ụzọ na-edoghị anya dị ka obere nhazi, ebe ọ bụ na asụsụ atọ a na-ekwu okwu bụ akụkụ nke ngwaahịa Hokan a chọrọ.  Afọ ole na ole ka e mesịrị, Campbell na Oltrogge[4] bipụtara nrụgharị nke fọnịm Jicaquean, dabere na ozi dị na Western na Eastern Jicaque.  N'otu akwụkwọ ahụ, ha gosipụtara obi abụọ siri ike na njikọ Hokan nke Tol na ịnụ ọkụ n'obi dị nro gbasara njikọ dị na Chontal nke Oaxaca, ma kwusiri ike na ọ dị mkpa ka ọtụtụ ozi ndị ọzọ nwee ike ikwu ihe ọ bụla ezi uche dị na ya.  N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Kaufman[5] ekwupụtala nkwado ya na-aga n'ihu na njikọ Hokan nke Tol.

Granberry & Vescelius (2004) na-eche na Asụsụ Ciguayo nke Hispaniola nwere ike ịnwe ndị ikwu ya n'asụsụ Tolan.

## Asụsụ Mbụ
 
Nrụzigharị Proto-Jicaque site na Campbell na Oltrogge (1980): 

## Edensibia

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] (1979). "Middle American languages." Na L. Campbell & M. Mithun (Eds.), The languages of native America: Historical and comparative assessment (pp. 902-1000). &nbsp;Austin: Mahadum nke Texas Press.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] (1997). Asụsụ ndị India America, Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme nke America. Oxford Studies in Anthropological Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford UP.
* Campbell, Lyle, na David Oltrogge (1980). "Proto-Tol (Jicaque)." *International Journal of American Linguistics*, 46:205-223.
* Granberry, Julian, na Gary Vescelius (2004). *Asụsụ nke Pre-Columbian Antilles.* Birmingham: Mahadum nke Alabama Press.
* Greenberg, Joseph H., na Morris Swadesh (1953). "Jicaque dị ka Asụsụ Hokan" *International Journal of American Linguistics* 19: 216-222.
* Holt, Dennis (1999). *Tol (Jicaque) * Asụsụ nke Ụwa / Ihe 170. Munich: LincomEuropa.
Asụsụ Coahuilteco

**Coahuilteco** bụ otu n'ime asụsụ Pakawan nke a na-asụ na ndịda Texas (United States) na ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Coahuila (Mexico).  Ugbu a, o bibiri.

## Nchịkọta
John Wesley Powell chịkọtara Coahuilteco n'ezinụlọ Coahuiltecan na 1891, mgbe e mesịrị, ndị ọzọ na-atụ aro ka ha gbasaa ya site na Edward Sapir. Ives Goddard mechara jiri obi abụọ mesoo njikọ ndị a niile, na-ahapụ Coahuilteco dị ka asụsụ dịpụrụ adịpụ.  Ramer (1996) na-ekwu na nhazi Coahuiltecan mbụ nke Powell dị warara dị mma, na-akpọ ya Pakawan n'ụzọ dị iche na atụmatụ gbasaa. C agbaghawo atụmatụ a, [1] onye na-ewere nkwekọrịta ya dị mma na-enweghị nkwado ma na-ewere na ụfọdụ n'ime myirịta a hụrụ n'etiti okwu nwere ike ịbụ n'ihi ịgbazite.

## Ụda

### Mkpụrụ okwu

### Mkpụrụedemede

Coahuilteco nwere ụdaume  mkpirikpi na ogologo.

Dabere  ọmụmụ nke otu akwụkwọ dị peeji 88, Fray Bartolomé García's 1760 Manual para administrar los santos sacramentos de penitencia, eucharistia, extrema-uncion, y matrimonio: dar gracias después de comulgar, y ayudar a bien morir, Troike kọwara abụọ nke Coahuilteco's less common syntactic traits: subject-object concord and center-embedding relative clauses. 

### Ihe-Ihe Concord
Na nke ọ bụla n'ime ahịrịokwu ndị a, ihe Dios 'Chineke' bụ otu, ma isiokwu dị iche, na n'ihi ya dị iche iche suffixes (-n maka onye mbụ, -m maka onye nke abụọ, na -t maka onye nke atọ) ga-adịrịrị.  dị ugbu a mgbe ngosipụta tupo· (Troike 1981:663)
   

### Ntinye n'etiti
Troike (2015: 135) na-ekwu na nkebi ahịrịokwu ndị dị na Coahuilteco nwere ike ịpụta n'etiti aha ya na ihe ngosi ya (NP --> N (Srel) Dem), na-eduga n'usoro ntinye etiti dị iche na ngalaba aka nri ma ọ bụ aka ekpe.  ihe owuwu a na-ahụkarị na asụsụ ụwa.

Otu ihe atụ nke ụdị okwu dị n'etiti bụ nke a:
 
Ihe odide Coahuilteco nke Troike mụrụ nwekwara ihe atụ nke ọkwa abụọ nke itinye ahịrịokwu ndị metụtara, dịka na ihe atụ na-esonụ (Troike 2015:138):
 

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ Coahuiltecan
* Ndị Coahuiltecan

## Edensibia

## Akwụkwọ

* Goddard, Ives (Ed.). (1996). *Languages*. Handbook of North American Indians (W. C. Sturtevant, General Ed.) (Vol. 17). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. ISBN&nbsp;.
* Mithun, Marianne. (1999). *The languages of Native North America*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN&nbsp; (hbk); .
* Sturtevant, William C. (Ed.). (1978–present). *Handbook of North American Indians* (Vol. 1–20). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. (Vols. 1–3, 16, 18–20 not yet published).
* Troike, Rudolph. (1996). Coahuilteco (Pajalate). In I. Goddard (Ed.), *Languages* (pp.&nbsp;644–665). Handbook of North American Indians. Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. 

* Ndị India Coahuiltecan
* Nnyocha Mgbukpọ Ọdịbendị: Mgbanwe na Ịdịgide na Mission San Juan Capistrano, Texas - Isi nke 8: Asụsụ
Asụsụ Jahaic

Asụsụ Northern Aslian (nke a na-akpọkwa **Jehaic** ma ọ bụ **Semang**) bụ otu Asụsụ Aslian nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 5,000 na-asụ n'ime ime ala nke Peninsular Malaysia, yana obere akpa ole na ole na ndịda Thailand. Asụsụ kachasị iche n'ime otu ahụ bụ Cheq Wong, nke a na-asụ n'ebe ndịda nke asụsụ Central Aslian Semai. Asụsụ ndị ọzọ ma e wezụga Tonga nwere ike kewaa n'ime nkewa abụọ:

* Cheq Wong
* Northern Aslian proper
** Eastern
*** Batek (Batek Deq and Batek Nong), Mintil (Batek Tanɨm)
*** Jahai (Jehai), Minriq (Menriq)
*** Jedek
** Western
*** Kintaq
*** Kensiu (Maniq)

(nke a na-amaghị aha ya) Ten'edn (Mos, Maniq) 

Aha Maniq (Məniʔ, Maniʔ) nwere ike izo aka na Kensiu ma ọ bụ Tonga, nke abụọ a na-akpọkwa aha Mos.

Ụfọdụ asụsụ Aslian adịkwaghị, dị ka Wila' (nke a na-akpọkwa Bila' ma ọ bụ Lowland Semang), asụsụ ma ọ bụ asụsụ dị iche iche edere na-asụ na mpaghara Wellesley n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke dị n'ihu Penang na mmalite narị afọ nke 19. Asụsụ ọzọ na-adịghịzi adị bụ Ple-Temer, nke a na-asụbu na nso Gerik na ugwu Perak (Benjamin 2011).

## Edensibia
nke Peninsular Malaysia, yana obere akpa ole na ole na ndịda Thailand. 

## Njikọ mpụga

* Benjamin, Geoffrey 2011. Ọnọdụ dị ugbu a nke asụsụ Aslian. m.s.
* http://projekt.ht.lu.se/rwaai RWAAI (Repository and Workspace for Austroasiatic Intangible Heritage) 
*  Aslian asụsụ ndị dị n'ebe ugwu na RWAAI Digital Archive
Asụsụ Mota

**Mota** bụ asụsụ Oceanic nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 750 na-asụ na Agwaetiti Mota, na Banks Islands nke Vanuatu.  bụ Asụsụ Torres-Banks kachasị echebara echiche, ọ bụkwa naanị ya na-edebe usoro ụdaume ise e ketara eketa ya ma na-echekwa ọtụtụ ụdaume ikpeazụ.

## Aha ya
A na-akpọ asụsụ ahụ aha agwaetiti ahụ.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
'oge 1840-1940, e ji Mota mee ihe dị ka asụsụ ozi ala ọzọ n'ebe niile nke Oceania gụnyere na Melanesian Mission, ụlọ ọrụ ozi ala ọzọ Anglịkan. A na-eji Mota eme ihe na Norfolk Island, na agụmakwụkwọ okpukpe; na agwaetiti ndị ọzọ nwere asụsụ dị iche iche, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka asụsụ nke ekpere liturgical, ukwe, na ebumnuche okpukpe ndị ọzọ. Elizabeth Fairburn Colenso sụgharịrị ihe okpukpe n'asụsụ ahụ.

Robert Henry Codrington chịkọtara akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu mbụ nke Mota (1896), ma soro George Sarawia na ndị ọzọ rụkọọ ọrụ iji mepụta ọtụtụ akwụkwọ mbụ n'asụsụ a. 

## Ọmụmu

### Nchịkọta ụdaolu
Mota na-emegide ụdaume 14 na ụdaume 5, /i na o u/. Ụdị ụdaume iri  itoolu ndị a mejupụtara ndepụta ụdaume kachasị nta n'etiti Asụsụ Torres-Banks, n'ihi na ọ naghị enwe ngwakọta ụdaume, ma jikọta ụdaume abụọ oge ochie **'*n**' na *n.

Enweghị nrụgide na Mota. N'ihi ya, a na-ehichapụkarị ụdaume dị elu nke abụọ, na-emepụta ụyọkọ ụdaume ọhụrụ (lee n'okpuru).

### Phonotactics
Proto-Torres-Banks, nna nna nke Asụsụ Torres-Banks niile gụnyere Mota, ka e wughachiri dị ka asụsụ nwere mkpụrụedemede ghere oghe nke ụdị {CV}, na enweghị mkpụrụedemede mechiri emechi {CVC}.  chekwaala profaịlụ phonotactic ahụ n'ọtụtụ okwu nke Mota nke oge a (dịka *salagoro* [salaɣoro] "ebe nzuzo maka emume mmalite", *ran̄oran̄o* [raŋoraŋ] "*Acalypha hispida*"), n'adịghị ka asụsụ ndị gbara ya gburugburu nke mepụtara mkpụrụedemede mechiri emechi. Nke ahụ kwuru, Mota nke oge a na-egosipụtakwa mfu nke ụdaume dị elu *i na *u - usoro nke malitere na asambodo mbụ nke asụsụ ahụ (ihe dị ka 1860) ma mechaa na Mota nke ugbu a. Otú ọ dị, a na-eche na nke a bụ usoro na-adịbe*g* anya ma e jiri ya tụnyere asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke Torres-Banks, n'ihi na mgbe a na-eji asụsụ Maligo na Veverao tụnyere, dị ka Maligo *rusag* na VeveraO *rusai* ( (isi iyi: Pangloss Collection nke CNRS) .
* A na-etinye ihe ndị dị na Mota na nchịkọta Arthur Capell (AC1 na AC2) nke Paradisec nwere.
* https://www.bible.com/bible/3344/MAT.1.MOTAMota New Testament dị na YouVersion.
Asụsụ Beigo

**Beigo** (**Baygo**, **Baigo**, Bego, **Beko**, Béogé, **Beygo**) bụ Asụsụ Daju na-adịghịzi adị nke ndị Baygo na-asụ na Sudan, nke dị ihe dị ka 850 na ngwụcha narị afọ nke iri abụọ. Dị ka Darfur Daju, a na-ahazi ya dị ka akụkụ nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Western Daju.

## Akwụkwọ

* Ndepụta nke ọmụmụ asụsụ na mba Africa ojii nke okwu French na na Madagascar, Daniel Barreteau 1978   
* Sudan ndetu na ndekọta, Mtakọta 21, Sudan Philosophical Society
* A Thesaurus nke Asụsụ Africa: Ndepụta nkewapụtara na nkọwapụta nke asụsụ ndị a na-asụ nke Africa: ya na ihe mgbakwunye na nnọchite edere ede, Mann na Danby, Jenụwarị 1987, Hans Zell Publishers,

## Edensibia
nke asụsụ ndị a na-asụ nke Africa: ya na ihe mgbakwunye na nnọchite edere ede,
Asụsụ Berti

**Berti** bụ Asụsụ Sahara na-adịghịzi adị nke a na-asụbu n'ebe ugwu Sudan, ọkachasị na Tagabo Hills, Darfur, na Kurdufan. Ndị na-asụ Berti kwagara n'ógbè ahụ na ndị ọzọ na-asụrụ Nilo-Sahara, dị ka Masalit na Daju, ndị bụ ndị ọrụ ugbo na-eme ụdị anụmanụ dịgasị iche iche. Ha biri n'ebe abụọ dị iche iche: otu n'ebe ugwu Al-Fashir, ebe nke ọzọ gara n'ihu n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, biri n'ọwụwa anyanwụ Darfur na ọdịda anyanwụ Kurdufan na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu. Ìgwè abụọ ahụ apụtaghị na ha nwere otu njirimara, ìgwè ọdịda anyanwụ dị iche iche n'ụzọ doro anya n'ịzụlite gum Arabic.  ọ na-erule afọ 1990, Sudanese Arabic anọchiwo Berti dị ka asụsụ ala.

## Edensibia
biri n'ọwụwa anyanwụ Darfur na ọdịda anyanwụ Kurdufan na narị afọ nke iri na itoolu. Ìgw

## Ebe e si nweta ya

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Die Phonetik, Phonologie und Morphologie der Berti (-Siga) Sprache na Dar Fur. *Archiv Orientální*, 33: 341-366. 
* Petráček, Karel 1966. Die Morphologie der Berti (-Siga) Sprache na Dar Fur. *Archiv Orientální*, 34: 295-319.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Phonologische Systeme der zentralsaharanischen Sprachen (konsonantische Phoneme). *Archiv Orientální* 35: 26-51.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Phonologische Systeme der zentralsaharanischen Sprachen (vokalische Phoneme). In: *Mélanges Marcel Cohen, nke David Cohen chịkọtara*. 389-396. The Hague: Nwa atụrụ,
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Berti ma ọ bụ Sagato-a (Saharan) Vocabulary. *Afrika na Übersee* 70, 163-193.
Asụsụ Boro (Ghana)

**Boro** bụ asụsụ a na-asụ n'oge gara aga n'etiti ọwụwa anyanwụ Ghana. N'ebe dị nso na Worawora na Tapa, Rudolf Plehn chọtara otu agadi nwoke ka nwere ike icheta ụfọdụ okwu nke asụsụ a, nke o kwuru na ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-asụ n'oge ọ bụ nwata. A maara asụsụ ahụ naanị site na ihe 12 nke Plehn chịkọtara na ngwụcha narị afọ nke 19 ma bipụta ya na Seidel (1898). Westermann (1922) kewara ya dị ka otu n'ime Togorestsprachen, nkewa nke *Glottolog* sochiri,  ebe Heine (1968:300) hapụrụ ya na-enweghị nkewa.

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ Ugwu Ghana-Togo

## Edensibia
si kwuo (2003),  ha na-emepụta eriri dị mma.

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* Heine, Bernd (1968) Die Verbreitung und Gliedering der Togorestsprachen (Kölner Beiträge zur Afrikanistik mpịakọta 1). Köln: Druckerei Wienand.
* Seidel, A. (1898) 'Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Sprachen in Togo Aufgrund der von Dr. Rudolf Plehn und anderen gesammelten Materialien bearbeitet.' *Zeitschrift für Afrikanischer und Oceanischer Sprachen*, 4, p. 286.&nbsp;
* Westermann, Diedrich Hermann (1922) 'Vier Sprachen aus Mitteltogo. Likpe, Bowili, Akpafu und Adele, nebst Nada Resten der Borosprache. Nach Aufnahmen von Emil Funke und Adam Mischlich be cumes'. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
Asụsụ Lechitic

**asụsụ** Lechitic (ma ọ bụ **Lekhitic**) bụ obere asụsụ nke nwere Polish na ọtụtụ asụsụ na olumba ndị ọzọ a na-asụbu n'ógbè nke bụ Poland ugbu a na ọwụwa anyanwụ Germany. Ọ bụ otu n'ime alaka nke nnukwu West Slavic subgroup; alaka ndị ọzọ nke obere ìgwè a bụ Asụsụ Czech-Slovak na Asụsụ Sorbian.

## Asụsụ
thumb|Akwụkwọ Henryków, nke nwere ihe a na-azọrọ na ọ bụ ahịrịokwu mbụ e dere na Poland
thumb|Kashubian jamboree na Łeba na 2005 - ọkọlọtọ na-egosi aha Kashubian nke Kartuzy CountyÓgbè Kartuzy
Asụsụ Lechitic bụ:

* Polish, nke ihe dị ka nde mmadụ iri atọ na asatọ na-asụ asụsụ Poland na ọtụtụ nde mmadụ n'ebe ndị ọzọ na-eji. &nbsp;A na-Obere Polish dị ka nke nwere ọtụtụ olumba, gụnyere Greater Polish, Lesser Polish, Ndị Masovian, n'etiti ndị ọzọ.
** Silesia_language" id="mwKQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Silesian language">Silesia, nke ihe karịrị mmadụ 530,000 na-eji taa (nchịkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke afọ 2011)  na Polish Silesia na ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ na Czech Silesia. A na-elekarị ụdị dị iche iche nke Silesian anya dị ka olumba Polish na Czech, a na-ahụkwa ha mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka asụsụ dị iche.
* Pomeranian, nke ndị Slavic Pomeranians na-asụ, nke naanị ụdị fọdụrụ bụ:
** Kashubian, nke ihe karịrị mmadụ 110,000 na-eji taa (nchịkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke afọ 2011)  n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Pomerania. Mgbe ụfọdụ a na-ewere ya dị ka olumba Polish;
* Polabian, nke na-adịghịzi kemgbe etiti narị afọ nke iri na asatọ, asụsụ West Lechitic nke ndị Slavic na-asụbu n'ógbè ndị gbara osimiri Elbe gburugburu n'ebe bụzi ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ Germany.

## Ihe ndị e ji mara ya
Ihe ndị e ji mara asụsụ Lechitic gụnyere:

*

## Ihe odide ihe atụ
Ihe na-esonụ bụ Ekpere Onyenwe anyị n'ọtụtụ asụsụ Lechitic:

## Okwu mmalite

A na-etinye okwu Lechitic na asụsụ nke otu a na ndị Slavic na-asụ asụsụ ndị a (nke a maara dị ka Lechites). Okwu a nwere njikọ na aha nna nna Polish Lech na aha Lechia nke a na-akpọ Poland mgbe ụfọdụ. Maka nkọwa zuru ezu, lee Lechites.

## Hụkwa

* Lech, Čech, na Rus

## Ihe edeturu
ugbu a na ọwụwa anyanwụ Germany. Ọ bụ otu n'ime alaka nke nnukwu West Slavic subgroup; alaka ndị ọzọ nke obere ìgwè a bụ Asụsụ
Asụsụ Auyokawa

**Auyo** bụ asụsụ Afro-Asia nke a na-asụbu na Auyo LGA, Jigawa State, Nigeria . 

## Ihe edeturu
. Ọ bụ otu n'ime alaka nke nnukwu ; alaka ndị ọzọ nke obere ìgwè a bụ Asụsụ