William T. Wiley

thumb|''Nnukwu Blondino'' (1967)
**William Thomas Wiley** (Ọktoba 21, 1937  Eprel 25, 2021) bụ onye America na-ese ihe.   Ọrụ ya gbasara mgbasa ozi dịgasị iche iche gụnyere eserese, eserese, ihe ọkpụkpụ, ihe nkiri, arụmọrụ, na pinball. Ọ dịkarịa ala, a na-akpọ ụfọdụ ọrụ Wiley dị ka Nkà funk.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ William Thomas Wiley na Ọktoba 21, 1937, na Bedford, Indiana.[1]  A zụlitere ya na Indiana, Texas, na na Richland, Washington.

Wiley kwagara San Francisco na 1950s ka ọ mụọ na California School of Fine Arts (nke a maara ugbu a dị ka San Francisco Art Institute);  ebe o nwetara nzere BFA ya na 1960 na ogo MFA ya afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị.[1]  Wiley bụ ụmụ akwụkwọ ibe ya na Robert Hudson.

## Ọrụ
Na 1963, Wiley sonyeere ngalaba nka nke Mahadum California, Davis (UC Davis) na ndị na-ese ihe nkiri Bay Area Funk Movement Robert Arneson na Roy DeForest.  N'oge ahụ Wiley kụziiri ụmụ akwụkwọ gụnyere Bruce Nauman, Deborah Butterfield, Stephen Laub, [1] na Christopher Brown.[2].  Dị ka Dan Graham si kwuo, ihe odide, ihe nhụsianya nke ọrụ Nauman sitere na Wiley.[3]  Wiley kwetakwara mmetụta Nauman nwere n'ọrụ nke ya.

E mere ihe ngosi nke mbụ ya na San Francisco Museum of Modern Art na 1960. Na ngwụcha afọ 1960, Wiley sooro onye na-ede egwu minimalist bụ Steve Reich rụkọọ ọrụ ma kọwaara ya Bruce Nauman.

Wiley gara n'ihu na-ewulite n'ogo ya na-eto eto dị ka onye isi omenkà nwere ọrụ pụtara na Venice Biennial (1980) na Whitney Biennial (1983).  O nwekwara nnukwu ihe ngosi na San Francisco Museum of Modern Art (1981), M. H. de Young Memorial Museum, San Francisco (1996), na Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (2005).

N'afọ 2009, Smithsonian American Art Museum gosipụtara ihe ngosi nke ọrụ Wiley nke akpọrọ What's It All Mean: William T. Wiley na Retrospect, site na Ọktoba 2, 2009, ruo Jenụwarị 24, 2010. Nnyocha dị na The Wall Street Journal kwuru, sị: "Ọrụ Maazị Wiley dị iche na nka ọ bụla ọzọ na-adịbeghị anya... Ọ bụghị onye na-ese ihe n'oge a karịa akụ nke mba. "

N'afọ 2010, ihe ngosi ahụ gara na Berkeley Art Museum, site na Machị 17 ruo Julaị 18. Ndepụta maka ihe ncheta ahụ, "What's It All Mean: William T. Wiley in Retrospect", bụ nke Smithsonian American Art Museum na Mahadum California Press bipụtara. N'afọ 2017, Wiley bụ isiokwu nke ihe ngosi onwe onye na Bivins Gallery na Dallas, Texas, William T. Wiley: Where the Rub Her Meats the Rode.*William T. Wiley: Ebe Rub ya na-eri Rode.*

N'afọ 2019, Hosfelt Gallery gosipụtara William T. Wiley: Sculpture, Eyes Wear Tug Odd, nke kwusiri ike ihe ọkpụkpụ na ihe owuwu Wiley na mmekọrịta ha na ọrụ ya na ndị ọzọ. N'ime nyocha maka Square Cylinder, David M. Roth dere, "N'ozuzu, e nwere ihe 40 na ihe ngosi ahụ, ha niile kwesịrị ịtụgharị uche na mkparịta ụka na-aga n'ihu. Agara m ihe ngosi ahụ ugboro abụọ, oge ọ bụla m hapụrụ gallery ahụ na-eche na isi m ga-agbawa, yabụ ihe oyiyi na ederede dị n'ime ọrụ ndị a. Ọ na-ejikọta na egwu efu. N'ihi na ara na-emetụta anyị, usoro ahụ yiri ka ọ dị mma.

Ọ bụkwa onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-eti egwu,Wiley rụkọrọ ọrụ na onye na-ede German bụ Efdemin aka Phillip Sollmann, na-eme ụda na "Oh, Lovely Appearance of Death" maka album 2019 New Atlantic na akara Ostgut Ton.[1]  Eziokwu kọwara oru ngo ahụ dị ka "nke sitere na akwụkwọ akụkọ Francis Bacon nke narị afọ nke 17 nke utopian nke otu aha ahụ na dịka akara ahụ si dị 'oscillates n'etiti ngwa ngwa, teknụzụ kaleidoscopic, drones multilayered na ngwa egwu', na-etinye ụda nke mmepụta egwu egwu egwu nke Sollmann dị ka Efdemin.  na ọrụ nnwale ya ọzọ."

Wiley nwụrụ na Eprel 25, 2021, n'ụlọ ọgwụ dị na Greenbrae, California, n'ihi nsogbu nke Ọrịa Parkinson. 

## Nchịkọta
A maara Wiley maka ihe osise ndị na-agụnye ihe osise dị ka ihe osise na akara aka.  Fan for the AM, na nchịkọta nke Honolulu Museum of Art, na-egosi usoro onye na-ese ihe. O nwere ebe ndị na-egbuke egbuke na-eguzogide ihe osise na ederede na pensụl na-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Nchịkọta ọha na eze ndị ọzọ nwere ọrụ Wiley gụnyere Di Rosa Center for Contemporary Art (Napa, California),  na Honolulu Museum of Art. 

The Art Institute of Chicago, [1] Baltimore Museum of Art, Dallas Museum of Art, Denver Art Museum, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, [2] Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.  , Museum of Modern Art (New York), New Britain Museum of American Art (New Britain, Connecticut), Nelson-Atkins Museum (Kansas City, Missouri), [3] na Philadelphia Museum of Art, San Francisco Museum.  nke Art Modern, Smithsonian American Art Museum (Washington, D.C.), Van Abbemuseum (Eindhoven, Netherlands) Walker Art Center (Minneapolis), na Whitney Museum of American Art.

Wiley bụ onye natara Guggenheim Fellowship Award na 2004. 

## Ntụaka

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* Joann Moser na John Yau na John G. Hanhardt; Ọ bụ ihe niile, WILLIAM T. WILEY, IN RETROSPECT; Smithsonian American Art Museum, University of California Press, Berkeley 2009;   

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ gọọmentị
* http://www.hosfeltgallery.com
* http://www.samparkergallery.com
* https://www.artforum.com/print/201904/dan-nadel-on-the-art-of-william-t-wiley-78966Eprel 2019 Artforum isiokwu banyere William T. Wiley
* https://www.squarecylinder.com/2019/04/william-t-wiley-hosfelt-3/Nnyocha Square Cylinder nke ngosi Hosfelt Gallery na 2019
* Na mmemme Spark nke KQED
* KA Nkwurịta okwu panel na Manuel Neri na Wayne Thiebaud
* Ajụjụ ọnụ vidiyo na ihe nkiri ndị na-ese ihe na www.artbabble.org
* Na Case You Missed the Revolution, Man New York Times nyochara Wiley's 2009-2010 Smithsonian American Art Museum show.
* Ọ bụ Wily, And Witty Wall Street Journal nke Wiley's 2009-2010 Smithsonian American Art Museum show.
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations