Ihe odide Parmelian nke Ugwu Ugwu

Parmelian Prints of the High Sierra bụ Pọtụfoliyo nke ike foto foto 18 nke Ansel Adams mere na 1927. Ọ bụ ihe mbụ nke Pọtụfoliyo nke akara ya, nke emepụtara n'oge na-adịghị anya ka onye na-arụ onye na-ese foto,  a na-akpọkwa ya "nwere dị ndị ama na foto eserese nke iri abụọ."

Dị ka onye otu Sierra Club na 1920s, Adams sonyeere otu njem dị elu nke nwayọọ afọ na Sierra Nevada na mgbakwunye na ime ọtụtụ njem n'onwe ya.  N'oge njem ndị a, o weghaara nnukwu ihe oyiyi oji na-acha ọcha nke ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama nke mpaghara, njikọ Canyon nke Eze, Muir Gorge, pinnacles na isi mmirika nke Eze, Ugwu Brewer,  Black Kaweah, Ugwu Ritter., Minarets, mpaghara gburugburu South Fork nke San Joaquin na Ndagwurugwu Evolution.  Ihe kacha mara amara nke ihe oyiyi ndị a bụ ihe osise mbụ Adams: Monolith, ihu nke Half Dome, nke a na-ewere na nwa Yosemite .  Foto ndị o sere na njem ndị na-egosi isi nke Pọtụfoliyo Parmelian Prints

Dị ka Adams si kwuo, echiche maka pọtụfoliyo sitere n'aka Albert Bender, onye na-ahụ maka nkà na San Francisco a ma ama.  N'ụbọchị mbụ zutere Adams na 1926, Bender zutere ya n'ibu ọrụ Bender ma ụdarọ Adams ka ọ iku Pọtụfoliyo nke Bender ga-akwado ma nyere aka ree.  Bender hụrụ enyi ya Jean Chambers Moore, onye nri ama ama nke ilekọta ikike nke pọntụfoliyo site na Grabhorn Press a na-eziga mgbe ahụ.  Bender ụdị aro ụdị 100, gbakwunyere nnomi 10 nka nka, nke akara 18 nke ọ ALA.  N'ime awa ole na ole Bender rerela ndị enyi ya bara ụdị ụdị 56 nke ọkọlọtọ site na oku ntitị tupu onye ọ mgbasa n'ime ha ezute Adams ma ọ bụ hụ ka Pọtụfoliyo ga-adị ka

Aha Pọtụfoliyo ahụ nwere nsogbu nye Adams. Okwu ahụ bụ "parmelian" bụ okwu na-enweghị isi nke Moore chepụtara, onye kwenyere na ịkpọ ha "mbipụta foto" agaghị ekwe ka e were ha dị ka nkà.  Adams mechara kwuo "Enweghị m mpako na ikwe ka mmebi nke okwukwe a na-ajụ m."  Iji gbakwunye na iwe iwe ya, okwu ahụ bụ "Sierras" adịghịkwa mma. Dị ka Adams si kwuo, "Aha *Sierra* abụrụlarị ọtụtụ. Ịgbakwunye *s* bụ mmehie nke asụsụ Californian na ugwu." 

Mgbe e bipụtara pọtụfoliyo ahụ gụnyere nkwupụta "Otu narị na iri ise nke ndị Grabhorn Press bipụtara, San Francisco, August MCMXXVII". O doro anya na Moore kpebiri ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mbipụta emere ka Bender nwechara ihe ịga nke ọma mbụ n'ịre ha, mana Adams ma ọ bụ Moore edebebeghị ọnụ ole e bipụtara Pọtụfoliyo ahụ n'ezie. Adams mechara mee atụmatụ na ọ bụ naanị ihe dị ka 100 ka emechara. N'ime ndị a, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị a na-amaghị ka e mesịrị bibie n'ime ọkụ ụlọ nkwakọba ihe; a na-eche na ọ dịghị ihe karịrị akwụkwọ iri asaa na ise ka ebugara ndị ahịa.

Adams n'onwe ya bipụtara ihe onyonyo ọ bụla maka pọtụfoliyo na akwụkwọ Kodak Vitava Athena Grade T Parchment, bụ nke nwere ude na-acha uhie uhie na translucent n'ihi ịdị nro nke akwụkwọ ahụ. Mbipụta ndị a tụrụ 5 3/4" x 7 3/4" (14.6 x 19.7&nbsp;cm) na mpempe akwụkwọ nke 10" x 12" (25.4&nbsp;cm x 30.5&nbsp;cm). 

Mbipụta iri na asatọ ahụ etinyere na pọtụfoliyo ka akpọrọ aha ndị a:

* *Sierra Junipers*
* *Ebe obibi nke Snow*
* *[[Monolith, ihu nke Half Dome|Monolith, ihu Half Dome]]*
* *Site na Glacier Point*
* *Na Heights*
* *[[Lodgepole Pines, Lyell Fork nke Osimiri Merced|Osisi Tamarack pine]]*
* *Ugwu Galen Clark*
* *Ugwu Clarence King*
* *Osimiri Falls na-ebigbọ*
* *Marion Lake*
* *El Capitan*
* *Ọkọlọtọ Peak - Puku Island Lake*
* *Ugwu Brewer*
* *Kearsarge Pinnacles*
* *Onye Sentinel*
* *West Vidette*
* *Ndagwurugwu Paradaịs dị ala*
* *Igwe ojii na ugwu*

## Ihe ndetu