Ruth Patrick

Ruth Myrtle Patrick (Novemba 26, 1907 – Septemba 23, 2013) bụ onye ọkà mmụta ihe gbasara osisi na limnologist Amerịka nke na-ahụkarị maka diatom na ihe ọmụma gbasara mmiri ọhụrụ. O dere ihe karịrị akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị 200, mepụtara ụzọ iji tụọ ahụike nke ihe gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri ọhụrụ ma mepụta ọtụtụ ebe nyocha.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
Ruth Patrick bụ ada Frank Patrick, onye na-arụ ọrụ na ụlọ akụ, na ọkaiwu. Frank nwetara akara ugo mmụta na nkà mmụta ihe ọkụkụ na Mahadum Cornell dị na Ithaca, New York, ọ bụkwa ọkà mmụta sayensị na-enwe mmasị na ntụrụndụ. Ọ na-akpọrọ Ruth na nwanne ya nwanyị n'ehihie Sọnde iji chịkọta ihe atụ, karịsịa diatoms, site na iyi. Nke a kpaliri mmasị ndụ ya niile na diatoms na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ruth Patrick na-echeta na ọ "na-anakọta ihe niile: ikpuru, ero, osisi, nkume. Echetara m mmetụta m nwere mgbe nna m ga-atụgharị elu tebụl ukwu ya n'ọbá akwụkwọ ma tụgharịa mikroskopu... ọ bụ ihe ebube, na-ele anya site na windo na ụwa ndị ọzọ niile."[1] Ruth gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Sunset Hill na Kansas City, Missouri, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1925. Nne Ruth siri ọnwụ na ya ga-aga Coker College, ụlọ akwụkwọ ụmụ nwanyị na Hartsville, South Carolina, mana nna ya mere ndokwa ka ọ gaa ọmụmụ ihe n'oge okpomọkụ, n'ihi egwu na Coker agaghị enye agụmakwụkwọ na-eju afọ na sayensị. Mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1929, o debara aha na Mahadum Virginia, wee nweta nzere masta na 1931, wee nweta Ph.D. na 1934.[2]

## Ọrụ
 
Nnyocha Patrick na diatoms echekwara n'ime nkume gosiri na Ebe Ọzara Dismal dị n'etiti Virginia na North Carolina bụbu oke ọhịa, nke mmiri oké osimiri juru n'ọnụ. Nnyocha yiri nke a gosiri na Osimiri Nnu Ukwu abụghị mgbe niile bụ ọdọ mmiri mmiri nnu. N’oge Mgbagha Ukwu ahụ, ọ chọrọ onwe ya ka ọ rụọ ọrụ dị ka onye na-elekọta ihe ngosi microscopy maka Academy of Natural Sciences, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ n’efu ruo afọ asatọ. A malitere ịkwụ ya ụgwọ na 1945. Na 1947, o guzobere ma na-elekọta ngalaba Limnology nke ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ.[1] Ọ gara n’ihu ịrụ ọrụ ebe ahụ ọtụtụ afọ wee bụrụ onye ama ama dị ka onye nchịkwa sayensị nwere nkà na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma, na mgbakwunye na onyinye sayensị ndị ọzọ ọ mere. Na 1967, o guzobere Stroud Water Research Center n'ọrụ ọnụ na W.B. Dixon Stroud na nwunye ya Joan Milliken Stroud; ebe a nọ n'ala Stroud n'akụkụ Osimiri White Clay na Avondale, Pennsylvania[2].

Ọrụ Patrick na Great Salt Lake na 1930s jiri akụkọ ihe mere eme nke diatoms na sedimenti nke ọdọ mmiri ahụ gosipụta na ọdọ mmiri ahụ bụbu mmiri dị ọcha, ma guzobe ụfọdụ ihe akaebe siri ike gbasara ihe kpatara mgbanwe ahụ gaa na mmiri dị ụtọ.

Na 1945, ọ chịpụtara diatometer, ngwáọrụ iji were ezigbo ihe atụ maka ịmụ ihe dị iche iche n'ọdịdị mmiri. Patrick bụ onye mbu n'iji ụdịdị dị iche iche chọpụta ahụike zuru oke nke ahịrị mmiri. Ọrụ ya na ndị ọkachamara na ụlọ ọrụ dịka DuPont nyere aka ịghọta unyi na mmetụta ha nwere na osimiri, ọdọ mmiri, na isi mmalite mmiri ọṅụṅụ. Patrick bụ onye na-akwado mmiri dị ọcha, tinyere inye aka na mmepe nke ntuziaka maka US Congress Clean Water Act. Onye isi ala Lyndon B. Johnson kpọrọ ọkachamara ya maka unyi mmiri, na onye isi ala Ronald Reagan jụrụ echiche ya na mmiri ozuzo nke acid.

## Onyinye na nsọpụrụ
E bipụtara ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ ebe ma nata ọtụtụ onyinye maka ihe ọmụmụ sayensị ya. Ndepụta zuru ezu dị na ibe ụlọ ọrụ ya.  Ihe ndị dị mkpa gụnyere:

* Onye otu United States National Academy of Sciences na 1970
* Onyinye Onye Ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi site na Ecological Society of America na 1972
* Onye otu American Philosophical Society na 1974 
* Ihe nrite John na Alice Tyler maka Ihe Ọganihu Gburugburu Ebe Obibi na 1975
* Golden Plate Award nke American Academy of Achievement na 1975 
* Fellow nke American Academy of Arts and Sciences na 1976 
* Ihe nrite ọla edo nke Royal Zoological Society nke Antwerp, Belgium, na 1978 
* Onye otu Honorary Lifetime site na American Society of Naturalists na 1988  
* Benjamin Franklin Medal maka ihe ịga nke ọma na sayensị na 1993 
* Ihe nrite sayensị nke mba na 1996
* A.C. Redfield Lifetime Achievement Award site na American Society of Limnology and Oceanography na 1996 
* Mendel Medal site na Mahadum Villanova (nkwanye ùgwù kachasị elu nke mahadum), 2002 
* Ihe nrite onye isi oche Heinz Award na 2002 
* Onye otu Ecological Society of America, 2012 

A na-akpọ Ruth Patrick Science Education Center na Aiken, South Carolina, aha ya. Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography na-enye Ruth Patrick Award "iji sọpụrụ nyocha dị ịrịba ama site n'aka onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na itinye ụkpụrụ sayensị mmiri na njirimara, nyocha na / ma ọ bụ ngwọta nke nsogbu gburugburu ebe obibi dị mkpa. "  A na-egosi onye edemede a site na mkpirisi **<span class="vcard"><span class="fn n"><span class="nickname">R.M.Patrick</span></span></span>** mgbe ọ na-ezo aka na aha botanical. 

N'abalị iri na asaa n'ọnwa Nọvemba n'afọ 2007, e mere emume iji sọpụrụ. Afọ 100 nke Patrick na-abịanụ na Academy of Natural Sciences na Philadelphia, PA. Ndị ọbịa ama ama gụnyere Gọvanọ nke Pennsylvania Ed Rendell . 

Dr Patrick nwetara ihe karịrị nzere nsọpụrụ 25.  N'afọ 2009, a nabatara Patrick n'ime National Women's Hall of Fame . 

## Ndụ onwe onye
Patrick lụrụ di ugboro abụọ. Ọ nọgidere na-akpọ aha mbụ ya mgbe ọ na-ede akwụkwọ sayensị, na arịrịọ nna ya. Di ya bụ Charles Hodge IV na Lewis H. Van Dusen Jr.  Ya na Charles Hodge nke anọ nwere otu nwa nwoke. Charles bụ onye na-amụ banyere ụmụ ahụhụ na nwa Benjamin Franklin.

Patrick nwụrụ n'ụlọ ndị agadi n'afọ 2013. Ọ dị afọ 105. Dị ka otuto nye nna ya na nwata ya na Kansas City, Missouri, Dr. Patrick hapụrụ ọtụtụ n'ime ọbá akwụkwọ ya na Linda Hall Library mgbe ọ nwụrụ. Akwụkwọ ndị a na-elekwasị anya na microscopy na microscopical observations.

## Ihe odide

Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations