Bahia Shehab

Bahia Shehab ( ; amuru 1977)[1] bu onye omenkà otutu ndi Egypt, onye mmebe, onye na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme, onye isi ihe okike, onye nkuzi na onye na-eme ihe dabere na Cairo.  Ọrụ ya na-emetụta njirimara na ihe nketa omenala, ma na-eji akụkọ ihe mere eme nka nke Islam na karịsịa nke Islam calligraphy na ihe osise iji nyochaa ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Arab nke oge a, okwu nwanyị na okwu mmekọrịta ọha na eze.

Ọrụ ya dabere n'ọdịbendị metụtara iji akụkọ ihe mere eme dịka ụzọ isi ghọta nke ọma ugbu a, na ịchọta ihe ngwọta maka ọdịnihu.  Shehab nwere mmasị na ụzọ a ga-esi jiri nkà rụọ ọrụ maka mgbanwe mmekọrịta ọha na eze, wee nyochaa ihe omume a site na ihe osise ya, nke na-adọta isiokwu ndị a na-akwado ọha na eze dị ka njirimara Arab na ikike ụmụ nwanyị.  Nchọcha ya na-emetụta nke ukwuu n'ịghọta edemede Arabik, ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya na-enyocha ma mkpụrụedemede Arabic nke ọdịnala na nke emegharịrị.

Site n'itinye ederede ọdịnala Arabic na nke Islam ozi ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, o jirila nka nyochaa ma jụọ ajụjụ iji ghọta ọnọdụ ọha na eze ma weta ha na ndị na-ege ntị ka ukwuu. Ihe osise ya pụtara na mbụ na mgbidi nke Cairo n'oge Mgbanwe ọchịchị Ijipt nke 2011 ma kemgbe ahụ, egosila ya na ngosi gburugburu ụwa. Shehab enwetala ọtụtụ onyinye maka ihe ndị ọ rụzuru.  N'afọ 2019, e gosipụtara ya na akwụkwọ Polaris nke Visual Collaborative mepụtara, ebe a gbara ya ajụjụ ọnụ n'akụkụ ndị omenkà ndị ọzọ si gburugburu ụwa.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Shehab na 1977 na Lebanon, ma tolite n'ebe ahụ.  Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ n'ichepụta eserese na Mahadum America nke Beirut, mụọ maka nzere masters na Mahadum America dị na Cairo, wee gụchaa PhD na Mahadum Leiden dị na Netherlands.

## Ọrụ agụmakwụkwọ na nyocha
**Academia: Ihe Omume Nhazi Ihe Omume na AUC**

Shehab malitere nkuzi na Mahadum America dị na Cairo na 2010, na na 2011 hiwere mmemme eserese eserese na Ngalaba Arts na School of Humanities na Social Sciences na AUC.[1]  Ihe omume a lekwasịrị anya n'ọdịbendị a na-ahụ anya nke ụwa Arab ma na-agba ụmụ akwụkwọ ume ka ha gbasaa mmata banyere omenala anya Arab ka ha na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche nhazi.  Shehab na-agba ụmụ akwụkwọ ya ume ka ha jiri mmasị ha mee ihe mgbe ha na-azụlite ọrụ ha, ma na-ekwusi ike na ọ dị mkpa iji imewe dozie nsogbu.

Ọ kụziri ihe karịrị iri na asaa gbasara imepụta ihe.

**Ọgbakọ na Symposium**

Shehab akụziela mba ụwa gbasara omenala na imewe ihe nkiri Arab, nkuzi imewe na mmepe usoro ọmụmụ, ikike ụmụ nwanyị, okwu mmekọrịta ọha na eze na ihe nketa ọdịnala Alakụba.

**Ndị ọka ikpe na Ọrụ Ndị Ọrụ**

Bahia na-eje ozi na bọọdụ nchịkọta akụkọ, ụlọ ọrụ na nke anaghị akwụ ụgwọ.  Ọ jerela ozi na mpaghara, mpaghara na mba ụwa na ndị juri imewe mba ụwa, dịka ọmụmaatụ maka Art Directors Club nke New York 101st Annual Awards.

## Nkà

### "A Thousand Times NO" na Graffiti ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
N'afọ 2010, Khatt Foundation dị na Amsterdam kpọrọ Bahia Shehab ka ọ mepụta ihe osise maka ihe ngosi "The Future of Tradition", nke ebumnuche ya bụ icheta 100 afọ nke nka Islam na Europe mgbe ihe ngosi "Masterpieces of Muhammadan Art" na Haus der Kunst na Munich, Germany. Ọrụ ya "A Thousand Times NO" bụ ọrụ nka na nyocha nke gosipụtara n'ime ụlọ nke Huda Smitshuijzen Abifares, onye guzobere Khatt Foundation, na ndị ọzọ na-ese ihe nkiri si n'ụwa Arab na-eme emume ederede Arabic. Ozi bụ isi bụ "NO" dị mfe, dịka okwu Arabic si dị, "Ee e na otu puku ugboro ee e". Ọ chọtara otu puku atụmatụ dị iche iche nke Arabic no, chọta ha na ụlọ, ụlọ alakụba, efere, akwa, ite na akwụkwọ, na mba ndị gụnyere Spain, China, Afghanistan na Iran - ebe niile Islam nwere ọganihu n'otu oge n'akụkọ ihe mere eme ma ọ bụ ọzọ. E gosipụtara otu puku no ya n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'ụdị ákwà mgbochi plexiglass na ngosi Haus der Kunst. N'akụkụ nrụnye a bụ akwụkwọ, nke Khatt Foundation bipụtara, ebe ọ chịkọtara otu puku na-abụghị n'usoro oge, yana aha ebe ọ bịara site na ha, mgbasa ozi ndị e ji dee ha na ndị na-akwado ha bụ ndị na-ahụ maka ịnye ọrụ ndị a chọtara na-abụghị.  Ọ bụ ezie na ọrụ a bụ ụdị nyocha anya nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, n'oge 25 Jenụwarị Revolution na 2011 na Egypt, Bahia "napụtara" otu puku ndị a na njikọ akụkọ ihe mere e ji mee ihe ọhụrụ n'ime ihe omume ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke mgbanwe ahụ, na-eji ụdị dị iche iche nke "Mba" iji mee mkpesa megide ihe ndị na-eme ugbu a. Ihe atụ gụnyere, "Mba maka akwụkwọ ọkụ", "Mba maka Fero ọhụrụ", "Mba iji yipụ ndị mmadụ" na "Mba maka igbu ndị mmadụ n'okpukpe".

### Ala / Ala: 20 Minaret si Arab World
Ọrụ ọzọ, "20 Minaret from the Arab World", bụ ọrụ ọdịbendị dị mkpa nke egosiri na Arab Contemporary Louisiana Museum of Modern Art na Denmark. N'ime ọrụ a, Shehab weere minaret, ihe dị mkpa nke ọdịdị ụlọ n'ụwa ndị Arab, dị ka ebe mbido ya, na-egosi minaret 20 sitere n'ụwa Arab ka ọ na-eburu n'uche oke ha, malite na minaret kacha nta sitere na Mogadishu ma mechie na nke kachasị elu site na Abu Dhabi. O gụnyekwara minaret nke Nnukwu ụlọ alakụba nke Aleppo na Siria, mana ọ na-apụta na mkpọmkpọ ebe, iji gosipụta ọdachi ọdịbendị nke dakwasịrị na 2013 mgbe a tụrụ minaret ahụ bọmbụ. N'ime ọrụ a, Shehab nwere nchegbu banyere otu esi ebibi ihe nketa ọdịbendị Arab n'otu akụkụ na, n'akụkụ nke ọzọ, otu mba ndị dị n'Ebe Ọdịda Anyanwụ si wakpo ya n'ụzọ ọgụgụ isi ma kpọọ ya dị ka nke azụ na nke iyi ọha egwu. Dị ka akụkụ nke ntinye ahụ, Shehab gụnyekwara adhan (ịkpọ ekpere) n'olu nwanyị. Nhọrọ ya sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ na oge eruola ka olu nwanyị bilie.

### Mgbasa Ozi Ntinye Aka n'Ụwa Ụwa
Kemgbe afọ 2016, Shehab anọwo na-arụ ọrụ na mkpọsa itinye aka n'okporo ámá zuru ụwa ọnụ nke na-agụnye ihe osise na-ese n'elu ihe sitere n'aka onye na-ede uri na onye edemede Palestine Mahmoud Darwish na mgbidi nke okporo ámá gburugburu ụwa. O kwenyere na okwu Darwish metụtara ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị anyị nọ na ya taa. Ihe ndị ahụ e kwuru gụnyere, "Gbanwee n'akụkụ nrọ ma lụọ ọgụ" na "Enwere m nrọ nke ga-abụ na urukurubụba a na-ekpuchi n'ụlọ mkpọrọ", iji sọpụrụ Mahinoor Elmasry onye e jidere ya na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ maka iguzo megide ikpe na-ezighị ezi n'Ijipt. Ihe ndị ọzọ e kwuru gụnyere, "Mba maka ihe na-agaghị ekwe omume", "Anyị hụrụ ndụ n'anya ma ọ bụrụ na anyị nwere ohere ya", "M ga-arọ nrọ", "Olee echiche ahụ buru ibu, otú steeti ahụ si dị obere", "Ndị na-enweghị ala enweghị oké osimiri", "N'ụwa a enwere ihe ndị bara uru ibi ndụ maka ya", "Otu ụbọchị anyị ga-abụ onye anyị chọrọ ịbụ, njem ahụ amalitebeghị na ụzọ agwụla", na "ndị m ga-alaghachi dị ka ikuku na ìhè na mmiri". Ụdị eji ese ihe ndị a bụ ihe na-enweghị atụ na geometric ma jiri ụdị dị mfe dị ka okirikiri, rectangles na triangles. Ihe osise ya n'okporo ámá sikwa n'ihe odide Arabic ochie. Ruo ugbu a, o sere mgbidi na Canada, France, Germany, Greece, Japan, Lebanon, United States of America, Morocco na Norway.   E bipụtara mgbidi ya e sere ruo n'afọ 2017 n'akwụkwọ ya bụ At the Corner of a Dream nke ọbá akwụkwọ Gingko bipụtara na London. 

### Ihe ndekọ nke okooko osisi
E gosipụtara akụkọ ihe mere eme nke okooko osisi" na Istanbul, Turkey, na 2017, na-edepụta mmekọrịta onwe ya na okooko osisi. Okooko osisi na-agụnye njikọ dị ịrịba ama ya na ụmụ nwanyị na ndụ ya, ebe ha nyere ya ohere ịghọta onwe ya na obodo ya nke ọma.  Ihe ngosi ahụ na-eji ihe ngosi plexiglass, ihe nkiri vidiyo na ihe nkiri na ihe na-esi ísì ụtọ, na-enye ndị na-ege ntị ohere ịnụ ụtọ ahụmahụ dị iche iche nke mmetụta uche.  akwụkwọ nke okooko osisi 77 tinyere ihe ha pụtara nye onye na-ese ihe.
áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|Ihe ndekọ nke okooko osisi

### Ntụgharị uche na Shangri La
N'afọ 2018, Bahia rụchara ọrụ onye na-ese ihe na Shangri La Museum for Islamic Art, Design &amp;amp; Culture na Honolulu, Hawaii. N'oge a, ọ mụrụ ihe Doris Duke chịkọtara nke nka Islam ma jiri nchọpụta ya mee ihe dị ka akụkụ nke ihe ngosi, "Reflections on Shangri La", nke meghere na 27 Septemba na Arts of Islam Gallery na Honolulu Museum of Art .  Akụkụ nke abụọ nke ebe obibi ya gụnyere ịmepụta mgbidi akụkụ abụọ na Shangri La Museum. Dabere na uri sitere n'aka onye Palestine na-ede uri Mahmoud Darwish, ahịrịokwu ahụ - nke e gosipụtara na mkpụrụedemede Kufic nke e mepụtara na pixellated, nke nwere mgbọrọgwụ kama ahịhịa - bụ nkọwa pụrụ iche na ala ndị a chịrị.

## Nkwado na onyinye

* Tällberg / Eliasson Global Leadership Prize Nominee 2020.
* Bellagio Residency 2019.
* Skoll fellowship 2019.
* UNESCO-Sharjah Prize for Arab Culture 2016.
* Onyinye Prince Claus 2016.
* TED Senior Fellow 2016.
* Ndepụta mkpirikpi nke Jameel Prize 2016.
* Distinguished Alumna - Mahadum America nke Beirut 2015.
* Ndepụta 100 ụmụ nwanyị nke BBC 
* TED fellow 2012.[7]

## Nkà ihe ọmụma
N'ọrụ nka ya, Shehab etinyela isiokwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị mgbe niile. Ọrụ ya na-emetụta okwu ndị metụtara ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ugbu a, dị ka agha obodo na Lebanọn site na afọ 1980, mgbanwe nke gafere Ijipt na 2011, na ikike nke ndị mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị. Otu ihe dị mkpa n'ọrụ nka ya bụ nchegbu ya maka ụmụ nwanyị ma ọ bụ ezie na nke a na-ewere ọnọdụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'ụzọ dị ukwuu n'echiche na nchegbu na-abụkarị maka ikike ụmụ nwanyị, dịka nwanyị n'onwe ya, Shehab na-echegbu onwe ya maka ụmụ mmadụ. Site na ọrụ nka ya, ọ na-agba ndị ọzọ ume ka ha na ndụ ụmụ nwanyị n'agbanyeghị na ndụ ndị ahụ nwere ike iyi ihe nkịtị. Nchegbu ya maka ihe nketa ndị Arab emeela ka ọ na-elebara ụmụ nwanyị Arab anya na nsogbu ndị dị ugbu a na-eme ka inweta ikike ụmụ nwanyị bụrụ ihe dị mkpa. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nnukwu mbọ nyocha, ọtụtụ n'ime ha bụ agụmakwụkwọ, ọ nwere ike iji ọtụtụ n'ọrụ nka ya mee ihe iji metụta ndị na-ege ntị nke oge a, ndị na-abụghị agụmakwụkwọ.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara

* Shehab, Bahia, "Ị nwere ike ịkụtu okooko osisi: Ihe ngosi nke Mgbanwe Ijipt", Gingko Library, 2021.
* Shehab, Bahia na Nawar, Haytham, "A History of Arab Graphic Design", The American University in Cairo Press, 2019.
* Shehab, Bahia, "Na nkuku nke nrọ: Njem nke Mgbanwe na Nnupụisi: Ihe osise okporo ámá nke Bahia Shehab", Gingko Library, 2019.
* Shehab, Bahia, "Mmetụta Mmetụta", na Translating Dissent: Olu sitere na Egyptian Revolution, ed. Mona Baker, NY: Routledge, 2016, peeji nke 163-177 &nbsp;
* Shehab, Bahia, "A Thousand Times No", na No Gods, No Masters, No Peripheries: Global Anarchisms, Barry Maxwell & Raymond Craib eds., Michigan: PM Press, 2015, peeji nke 233-241.&nbsp;
* Shehab, Bahia, A Designer's Dream: Helmi el-Touni Exhibition Catalog, Graphic Design Program na AUC, 2014.
* Shehab, Bahia, "Landscape/Soundscape: 20 Minarets from the Arab World", In World Architecture, March 2014.
* Shehab, Bahia, "Koran Lectern nke Judge Zaineddine Yahya, Majordomo nke Sultan Jaqmaq", na Arab Contemporary - Architecture and Identity, Michael Juul Holm & Mette Marie Kallenhauge eds. Humlebæk: Louisiana Museum of Modern Art & Rosendahls, 2014, peeji nke 33-34.&nbsp;
* Shehab, Bahia, "Spraying NO", na Walls of Freedom, Basma Hamdy & Don Karl eds. Malta: From Here to Fame, 2014, peeji nke 117-119.&nbsp;
* Shehab, Bahia, "Urban Dialogues", na Positions - Arabich Worlt, Johannes Ebert et el. ed. Göttingen: Steidl-Verlag, 2013, peeji nke 274-278.&nbsp;
* Shehab, Bahia, "Faṭimid Kūfī Epigraphy on the Gates of Cairo: Between Royal Patronage and Civil Utility", na Calligraphy and Architecture in the Muslim World, Mohammad Gharipour & Irvin Cemil Schick eds. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2013, peeji nke 275-289.&nbsp;
* Shehab, Bahia, "Voices From the Region: Cairo as Mirror," na Geography: Realms, Regions and Concepts, ndị edemede Harm J. de Blij, Peter O. Muller & Jan Nijman, USA: John Wiley & Sons, 2013, peeji nke 315.&nbsp;
* Shehab, Bahia, "GD 99: Ha kpọrọ Anyị Harem", na Revolution/Evolution: Two Decades and Four Hundred Designers Later, Leila Musfy ed., Beirut: American University of Beirut Press, 2013, peeji nke 152-153.&nbsp;
* Shehab, Bahia, A Thousand Times No - Alif Lam-Alif: The Visual History of the Lam-Alief. Amsterdam: Khatt Books, 2011.

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ