open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Ọrịa Neu-Laxova

Neu-Laxova syndrome burukwa Neu syndrome, Neu-Povysilova syndrome; maobu 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase deficiency, udi neonate) bu udi nsogbu nke autosomal recessive nke amara n'ihe nkwusi uto intrauterine na otutu congenital malformation. Neu-Laxova syndrome bu ezigbo nsogbu nke na ebute onwu nwa n'ime ago maobu ozigbo amuchara nwa. Obu Dr. Richard Laxova but onye mbu kowara ya n'afo 1971 na kwa Dr. Renata Laxova n'afo 1972   dị ka nsogbu na-egbu egbu n'ime ụmụnne nwere ọtụtụ nkwarụ. Ọrịa Neu-Laxova bụ nsogbu a na-adịghị ahụkebe nke na-erughị 100 ndị a kọrọ na akwụkwọ ahụike.

## Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà
Ọrịa Neu-Laxova na-egosi nnukwu nkwarụ na-eduga n'ọnwụ nwa amụrụ ma ọ bụ nwa amụrụ ọhụrụ. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, NLS na-agụnye ọdịdị ihu, mbelata mmegharị nwa e bu n'afọ na nsogbu akpụkpọ ahụ.Ụmụ ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ ụmụ ọhụrụ nwere ọrịa Neu-Laxova nwere ọdịdị ihu nke gụnyere proptosis (anya buru ibu) na nkwarụ anya, nkwarụ imi, ọnụ gburugburu na oghere, micrognathia (obere agbà) na obere ma ọ bụ ntị nwere nkwarụ. Enwere ike inwe nkwarụ ihu ndị ọzọ, dị ka egbugbere ọnụ ma ọ bụ ọnụ ọnụ. Ọrịa ụkwụ na ụkwụ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị ma na-agụnye mkpịsị aka (syndactyly), aka ma ọ bụ ụkwụ. Tụkwasị na nke a, ọzịza na nkwarụ na-adịkarị. Ihe ndị ọzọ nke NLS bụ nnukwu Mgbochi uto intrauterine, nsogbu akpụkpọ ahụ (ichthyosis na hyperkeratosis) na mbelata mmegharị.Nsogbu na usoro akwara etiti na-adịkarị ma nwee ike ịgụnye microcephaly, lissencephaly ma ọ bụ microgyria, hypoplasia nke cerebellum na agenesis nke corpus callosum. Enwekwara nkwarụ ndị ọzọ, dị ka nkwarụ nke akwara.   &#x5B;**'&#x5D;</sup>

== Mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ==
Ọrịa Neu-Laxova bụ nsogbu metabolic dịgasị iche iche nke homozygous ma ọ bụ ngwakọta heterozygous mutations kpatara n'otu n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa atọ: ''PHGDH'', ''PSAT1'' na ''PSPH''  Mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nkịta ndị a na-etinye aka na ụzọ serine biosynthesis ma dị mkpa maka Mmụba nke mkpụrụ ndụ.A chọpụtala mgbanwe na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa atọ ahụ n'oge gara aga dị ka ihe na-akpata ọrịa serine-deficiency. Ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ụfọdụ njikọ ahụike n'etiti NLS na nsogbu neurometabolic ndị a, phenotype na nsogbu ndị ọzọ nke nkwarụ serine dị nro.

== Nnyocha ==
Nnyocha ahụ na-adabere na ihe ndị dị na ya mgbe a mụrụ ya.Ultrasound na nkeji atọ nke abụọ nwere ike igosi nsogbu ndị metụtara NLS, gụnyere polyhydramnios, Mgbochi uto intrauterine, microcephaly, proptosis na mbelata motility nwa.   <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B;**'&#x5D;

## Ọgwụgwọ
Mgbakwunye Serine na glycine egosila uru na-anwa n'ime ndị nwere nkwarụ serine biosynthesis na ụdị NLS dị nro.

## Ihe omuma
Ọnọdụ ahụ adịghị mma; ndị nwere nsogbu bụ ndị a amụrụ nwụrụ anwụ ma ọ bụ ndị nwụrụ anwụ obere oge amuchara. Ogologo ndụ a kọrọ n'akwụkwọ bụ ụbọchị 134.   &#x5B;**&#x5D; A na-ebute ọrịa a dị ka nsogbu autosomal recessive ma enwere ihe ize ndụ maka ịlọghachi nke 25% na ime ime ime n'ọdịnihu.
Ime ime mgbe ha nwesịrị ime

Postern pregnancy bu mgbe mgbe nwaanyi na amubeghi NWA ma o mocha izuka 42 nke gestation ya, izuka abuo gafee nke izuka iri ano ya N'oge odi ime. Post mature baby n'ebutere nne ya nakwa NWA nsogbu, nke gunyere erighi nri ofuma nke NWA ebu na afo, meconium aspiration syndrome na onwu nwa n'ime afo. Mgbe izu nke iri anọ na abụọ nke ime gasịrị, Placenta, nke na-enye nwa ahụ ihe oriri na ikuku oxygen site n'aka nne, na-amalite ịka nká ma mesịa daa. Ime ime mgbe ọ nwụsịrị bụ ihe kpatara ime ime.

## Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà
N'ihi na ime ime ime bụ ọnọdụ dabere naanị na afọ ime, ọ nweghị ihe ịrịba ama ma ọ bụ mgbaàmà na-akwado ya. Ọ bụ ezie na o siri ike ịchọpụta afọ ime n'ụzọ anụ ahụ, ụmụ ọhụrụ a mụrụ mgbe a nwụsịrị nwere ike ijikọta ya na ọnọdụ anụ ahụ a na-akpọ postmaturity. Mgbaàmà ndị a na-ahụkarị maka ọnọdụ a bụ akpụkpọ ahụ kpọrọ nkụ, mbọ ndị toro eto, oghere dị na nkwonkwo aka nwa ọhụrụ na ụkwụ ụkwụ ha, obere abụba, ọtụtụ ntutu n'isi ha, ma ọ bụ nchara, akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ, ma ọ bụrụ na akpụkpọ ahụ ha na-acha odo odo. Ndị dọkịta na-achọpụta ọmụmụ mgbe ha tozuru etozu dabere na ọdịdị anụ ahụ nwa ahụ na ogologo oge ime nne. Otú ọ dị, ụfọdụ ụmụ ọhụrụ postmature nwere ike igosi enweghị ma ọ bụ ihe ịrịba ama ole na ole nke postmaturity.

## Ihe Ndị Na-akpata ya
A maghị ihe kpatara ọmụmụ mgbe ọ gụsịrị nwa, mana ọmụmụ mgbe ọ rụsịrị afọ nwere ike ịbụ mgbe nne ahụ mụrụ nwa mgbe ọ gụrụ afọ. A na-agbakọghị ụbọchị kwesịrị ekwesị n'ụzọ dị mfe mgbe nne na-ejighị n'aka oge nsọ ikpeazụ ya. Mgbe e nwere njehie, a pụrụ ịmụ nwa ahụ tupu ma ọ bụ mgbe ụbọchị a tụrụ anya ya gasịrị. A pụkwara ịkọwa ọmụmụ mgbe ha tozuru oke n'ihi usoro ịhụ nsọ na-adịghị mma. Mgbe oge ịhụ nsọ na-adịghị mma, ọ na-esiri ike ikpebi oge ovulation na ime ime na-esote. Ụfọdụ afọ ime mgbe ha toro nwere ike ọ gaghị abụ afọ ime n'ezie n'ihi ejighị n'aka oge nsọ ikpeazụ nne na-ahụ. Otú ọ dị, n'ọtụtụ mba ebe a na-atụle ime site na teknụzụ ultrasound, nke a yighị ka ọ ga-eme.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;
Obere maka afọ ime

**Small for gestational age (SGA) bu umuaka amuru ofuru nke di ntakiri n'anya Karia etu ha kwesiri idi n'oge gestation. SGA bu ole mmadu ha nke di obere Karia 10th percentile nke oge gestation ya.** SGA na-ebu amụma na hypoglycemia, hypothermia, na polycythemia nwere ike ibute ọrịa. Site na nkọwa, ọ dịkarịa ala 10% nke ụmụ ọhụrụ niile ga-akpọ SGA. A ga-eleba anya na ụmụ ọhụrụ SGA niile maka ihe ịrịba ama nke enweghị ike itolite, hypoglycemia na ọnọdụ ahụike ndị ọzọ.

## Ihe Ndị Na-akpata ya
Ịdị obere maka afọ ime bụ n'ozuzu ya: 

* Ịdị obere n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro, ma ọ bụ site na mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke nwa ahụ
* Mgbochi uto intrauterine, nke a na-akpọkwa SGA na-arịa ọrịa

## Nnyocha
A na-akọwa ọnọdụ ahụ site na ịdị arọ ọmụmụ na / ma ọ bụ ogologo.

A na-achọpụta mgbochi uto intrauterine n'ozuzu ya site n'ịtụle akpa nwa nne, na ịdị elu nke ndabere dị ala karịa ka ọ kwesịrị ịbụ maka oge ahụ nke ime. Ọ bụrụ na a na-enyo ya enyo, a ga-ezigakarị nne ahụ maka ultrasound iji kwado ya.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;

## Nchịkwa
Pasent iri itoolu nke ụmụ ọhụrụ a mụrụ SGA na-etolite mgbe ha ruru afọ abụọ. Maka pasent iri nke ndị na-enweghị uto site na afọ abụọ, a ga-ajụ onye endocrinologist. Ọnọdụ ụfọdụ na-akwado Ọgwụgwọ hormone uto.

Hypoglycemia bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na ụmụ ọhụrụ SGA asymmetrical n'ihi na ụbụrụ ha buru ibu na-ere calorie ngwa ngwa karịa ka ha na-ejikarị abụba.   A na-agwọ Hypoglycemia site na nri ugboro ugboro na / ma ọ bụ mgbakwunye nke ngwaahịa ndị dabeere na ọka (dị ka Duocal powder) na nri.
Vopiscus (praenomen)

Vopiscus bu latin praenomen maobu aha nke onwe, nke ana eji N'oge Roman Republic, ma Mechaa buru cognomen, na adi n'ime oge imperial. Udi nke nwaanyi ya bu vopisca. E nweghi nkpobi n'aha ya mana oge ufodu na akpo ya Vop.

Praenomen Vopiscus bụ ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe mgbe niile, mana ọ maara onye ọkà mmụta Marcus Terentius Varro, onye kọwara ya dị ka aha oge ochie, nke a na-ejighịzi eme ihe na narị afọ nke mbụ BC. Nanị ezinụlọ a maara na ọ na-eji ya bụ gens Julia, mana dị ka praenomina ndị ọzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe, ọ nwere ike ịbụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'etiti ndị nkịtị na n'ime ime obodo. E mechara jiri aha ahụ mee ihe dị ka cognomen, na-aghọwanye ihe a na-ahụkarị n'oge alaeze ukwu. Vopiscus nwere ike ịbụ praenomen n'ezinụlọ ndị mechara jiri ya mee ihe dị ka cognomen, dị ka Flavii na Pompeii.  

## Mmalite na ihe ọ pụtara
Pliny the Elder, onye ọtụtụ ndị isi mechara soro echiche ya, kọrọ aha a ma ama, na-akọwa na e nyere Vopiscus na mbụ nwatakịrị nke ejima ya mụrụ nwụrụ anwụ. George Davis Chase jụrụ nkọwa a na-agaghị ekwe omume maka aha ahụ dị ka ihe atụ nke Okwu ụgha. Otú ọ dị, ezi ihe aha ahụ pụtara ka bụ ihe a na-amaghị ama.
Ihe na-eme ka ihe na-egbuke egbuke

Lucinatant nke aha azumahia bu Surfacing bu medication di mmiri mmiri nke eji agwo umuaka nwere nsogbu n'iku ụme. Ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ n'akpa ume maka ụmụ ọhụrụ na-enweghị ihe na-emepụta ihe zuru oke n'akpa nwa ha. Ọ bụ ezie na ọgwụ ndị mbụ nke klas ahụ, dị ka beractant (Survanta & Beraksurf), Calfactant (Infasurf) , na poractant (Curosurf), sitere na ụmụ anụmanụ, lucinactant bụ ihe aka mere. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kwadoro ya maka iji ya na United States na Machị 6, 2012. 

## Ojiji ọgwụ
A na-egosi Lucinactant iji melite ọrụ akpa ume ma belata oge na ihe ize ndụ nke ikuku ikuku n'ime ụmụaka. Enwere ike iji ya ruo afọ abụọ ma kọwaa ya maka ụmụaka a chọpụtara na ha nwere nsogbu iku ume siri ike na-esote nje dịka RSV ma ọ bụ influenza, gụnyere H1N1.   A na-ejikwa Lucinactant agwọ ọrịa meconium aspiration syndrome.[3]

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
E debere ntọala sayensị maka lucinactant na ụlọ nyocha nke Charles Cochrane na Scripps Research Institute na 1990s. Ọ bụ Discovery Laboratories nke Warrington, PA mepụtara ọgwụ ahụ. Ụzọ site na usoro nkwenye ahụ dị ogologo n'ụzọ a na-adịghị ahụkebe, na-egosipụta n'akụkụ ụfọdụ ihe ịma aka na usoro mmepụta nke dị mkpa ka a dozie tupu e nye nkwenye.
André Mingas

André Vieira Dias Rodrigues Mingas Júnior, saịtị na aha nka ya André Gasmin (24 May 1950 - 11 October 2011), bụ onye egwu Angolan, onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ, onye obodo ukwu, prọfesọ, na onye-amanye

## Akụkọ ndụ
Mingas na 24 Mee 1950 na Luanda, nwa André "Mongone" Rodrigues Mingas na Antónia Diniz de Aniceto Vieira Dias.  [1] ụfọdụ n'ime ndị agha ya ndị ọzọ bụkwa ndị ama na-eme ihe mere eme Angolan, ya bụ onye agha , onye na-agụ , na onye na-ede abụ mba Angolan Ruy Mingas, oka akojọ na  onye mbụ Amélia Mingas, onye na-eme egwuregwu na onye ngosi Júlia Rodrigues Mingas, ọchịagha ndị Juu José "Zé" Rodrigues Mingas.  na akwụkwọ edemede na aha, onye edemede na onye agha ndị Saíde Mingas .

N'ịbụ onye mmetụta ntụzịaka ya n'ebe egwu dị n'oge ọ bụ nwata, nwanne nna ya Liceu Vieira Dias na nwanne ya nwoke Ruy nwere ike siri ike na ya.  [1] [2] [3] Ndekọ mbụ ya bụ "Coisas da Vida", a na-ewere dị ka akara dị mkpa n'egwú a ma ama nke Angola, na-agwakọta jazz, rock, na semba .  Site na nke a ọ ghọkwara onye ọsụ ụzọ nke subgenre semba-jazz.  [4] Isi ihe dị na ọba ahụ "Esperança", "Mufete" na "Chipalepa". 

Ka ọ na-erule afọ 1970, ọ pụtara iso ndị nka dị ka Filipe Mukenga na-akpa àgwà na Waldemar Bastos, ha abụọ nwere ike siri ike na ya, bụ isi site na nke dissonance .

Mgbe Angola nwechara akwụkwọ onwe, ọ na-egosi otu n'ime ndị ọrịa otu ndị na-ese ihe na Angolan.  [1] Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Agostinho Neto site na nzere na architecture wee nweta akara ugo nhọrọ masters na architecture na obodo mepere emepe na Mahadum nka nke Lisbon .  Na Portugal, ọ nta prọfesọ nke ụlọ ụlọ na Universidade Lusófona na Lisbon. 

Mgbe ọ laghachiri Angola, ọ ghọrọ osote onye minista na-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ na omenala, oge ọ na-ahazi Society of Angolan Authors (SAA), nzukọ nke ụlọ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ dị nta na nke ka ukwuu iji nwee ike ịkwado nkà nke oge a na Angola. 

Dị ka onye na-ese ụlọ, ọ na-iche dị nkwu nke nnukwu ụlọ na-emetụta mpaghara Luanda asụsụ na 1990, wee bụrụ onye nkatọ siri ike nke akara nke akara Quinaxixe ochie.  [1] N'agbanyeghị nke a, e kenyere ya, na 2006, ka ọ na-achọpụtaghachi nke nguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke ụlọ dị na mpaghara iche iche gburugburu Luanda, yana ịbụ onye na-ahụ maka mgbasawanye nke ọnwụ.  Talatona na Belas . 

Na 12 Ọktoba 2006, onye isi ala José Eduardo dos Santos kpọpụtara ya dịka ike nke ndị Isi Ala nke Angola.  [1] E mechara mechie ya onye ụfọdụ anya Angolan na São Paulo, Brazil .  Ọ nọlarị n'obodo ahụ, mana ọ nwụrụ tupu ọ were ọnọdụ ahụ na 11 October 2011 

## Ntụaka
Paula Nascimento

Paula Nascimento bụ onye na-ese ụlọ ụlọ na onye akụkọ [1] onye ya na Stefano Rabolli Pansera chị igwe ọnụ ụlọ Angolan na ihe ngosi nka nke 55th International - La Biennale di Venezia nke meri Ọdụm Ọdụm maka "oke mba kacha mma".

## Ọrụ
Na 2011, Nascimento na Pansera ntọala ntọala Beyond Entropy Africa, ụlọ ọrụ nwere oke aha na Angola .  Beyond Entropy Africa lekwasịrị anya na Luanda dị ka ihe atụ nke ọnọdụ obodo mepere emepe nke mpaghara Sub-Saharan nke Africa, ụdị obodo ebe site na ọkụ ọkụ yana ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu nke ndị mmadụ.  N'afọ 2012, Beyond Entropy Africa chepụtara Angola Pavilion na 13th Architecture Biennale na Venice [1] na aha nke fim ha 'Beyond Entropy'.  [2] N'afọ 2013, Beyond Entropy Africa wepụrụ Angola Pavilion na 55th Art Biennale na Venice ikiri 'Luanda, Encyclopedic City' na- ozi onye na-ese foto Edson Chagas.  

## Ihe omume ndị ọzọ
Na 2023, Nascimento bụ onye otu ndị juri nka nka maka mmemme DAAD Artists-in-Berlin kwa afọ.. 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
José Maria Pimentel

thumb|300x300px| José Maria Pimentel, 2010
José Maria Pimentel (Luanda, 23 June 1956) bụ onye edemede na onye na-ese ihe osise Portuguese-Angolan.  O kere ama ama RTP1 agwa Vitinho 

## Na-arụ ọrụ

* *Levante 1487 – A Vã Glória de João Álvares*, 2010
* *O Grande Livro do Vitinho*, 2017
* *Vitinho - Ọ dị mma!* , 2017
* *Vitinho – É a dormir que se cresce!* , 2017
* *Vitinho - Perigo!* *Zona de Acidence!* , 2018

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Chilala Moco

Chilala Moco ( Ihe gbasara 8 Mee 1977 na Caála, Huambo Ógbè ) bụ onye ese foto Angola [1] na ọkpara nke onye bụbu onye isi ala Angola Marcolino Moco. &#x5B; ** &#x5D;

Na 1995 ọ kwagara Portugal, ebe o bi na International Relations, na Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas (ISCSP).  N'ọgwụgwụ nke afọ nke awụ, Chilala ahụike kama foto foto.  Na 2003 ọ debanyere aha namfa foto, na Escola Técnica de Imagem e Comunicação (ETIC).

Dabere na Luanda, Angola, Chilala Moco hụ ọrụ afọ ise dị ka onye na-ese foto nweere onwe ya, na-arụkọ ọrụ na akwụkwọ dị ka Caras Angola mara mma.  E See ụfọdụ ọrụ nka ya na Trienal de Luanda 2006,  ma na-achọ nke ụfọdụ ndị nchịkọta Angolan.  Ebipụtala foto ya n'akwụkwọ ụfọdụ ama ama ụba Angola.  N'ịchọ ihe, Chilala Moco bịanyere aka na foto ọrụ dị ka Carlos Moco, e ọrụ nka ya.

Moco bụ onye nchịkọta akụkọ foto oge niile maka akwụkwọ akụkọ Angolan O PAIS, yana maka akwụkwọ mmekọ ya na Grupo Medianova.

Na 2009 Moco kesara Rogerio Tutty (Jornal de Angola Photographer) ihe nrite mba Angolan nke akwụkwọ akụkọ foto,  ma bụrụkwa onye ahọpụtara maka onyinye ụlọ ọrụ (Maboque Awards na Journalism) n'otu ụdị ahụ.

N' ndị saw na-ese ihe Angolan fotora, Fundação Sindika Dokolo, bụ ntọala nka nke Africa, mbụ Chilala Moco ka ọ gosi ọrụ nka ya na Bienal de Bordeaux, France (Evento 2009). 

O ngwaọrụ na juri maka ihe onyonyo onyonyo BESA Foto 2009, nke World Press Photo na Banco BESA (ihe ọrụ ego Angolan/Portuguese) haziri

## Ntụaka


Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Ọrịa Wilson-Mikity

Wilson-Mikity syndrome bu udi Oria nke lungs na anote aka nke na amalite nani n'umuaka amuru mgbe ekwesighi umu ha, nke n'ebute malite respiratory distress. Onodu a na eme umuaka ana amughi ofuma, njirimara ya bu malite lung emphysema ma amucha NWA ahu nke ga eme Ka etinyere ya ga enyere ya aka ikute ume.. Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), na-adị iche karịsịa na enweghị nkwado ikuku tupu. Ndị ọrịa mbụ niile a kọwara na ọrịa Wilson-Mikity bụ ụmụ ọhụrụ dị ala nke na-enweghị akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ikuku ikuku, ma ha mepụtara ọrịa yiri BPD. Mgbe ụfọdụ n'ime ụmụ ọhụrụ ndị a nwụrụ, nyocha ahụ gosipụtara mgbanwe histologic yiri nke a hụrụ na BPD.

Miriam G. Wilson na Victor G. Mikity kọwara ya na 1960. 

## Mgbaàmà na ihe ịrịba ama
Mmalite nke nsogbu iku ume na-ewere ọnọdụ n'ụbọchị mbụ nke ndụ ma na-aga n'ihu ruo izu atọ n'ime ndụ nwa ọhụrụ, ebe ọgwụgwọ dị mkpa maka ndụ nwa ọhụrụ.

### Nsogbu
Ndị nne na-arịa chorioamnionitis n'oge ime na-etinye nwa ha n'ihe ize ndụ dị elu maka mmepe nke ọrịa Wilson-Mikity. Ọ bụ nsogbu a na-adịghị ahụkebe nke chọrọ ọgwụgwọ ogologo oge. Otú ọ dị, a naghị egosi na ọrịa bụ ihe na-akpata ya, mana a na-achọpụta njikọ ya na chorioamnionitis dị ka ihe ize ndụ.[1]

## Ihe kpatara ya
A maghị ihe kpatara ọrịa Wilson-Mikity.

## Ọgwụgwọ
Mgbe e jidere ya n'oge, enwere ike iji ọgwụgwọ oxygen na-aga n'ihu mee ihe iji gbanwee ọbara mgbali elu nke nwa ọhụrụ na mbelata oxygen n'ọbara, ihe mgbaàmà a maara dị ka cyanosis. Ọganihu na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ; Otú ọ dị, ikpe na-egosi na mgbe afọ mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ site na iji ọgwụgwọ oxygen na ventilators, ụmụ ọhụrụ na-egosi ọrụ iku ume dị mma ma na-enweghị ihe na-abanye n'obi na obere mgbanwe cystic. Enweghị ahụ ọkụ (febrile), na ọnụ ọgụgụ mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara ọcha kwesịrị ekwesị kwekọrọ na nzaghachi na-aga nke ọma ma na-enye ohere maka amụma dị mma.

Mgbe a na-agwọghị ya nke ọma, usoro nke iji mgbakwunye oxygen na ikuku nwere ohere itinye nwa ọhụrụ n'ihe ize ndụ maka nsogbu ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe. Ọ bụrụ na enyeghị nwa ọhụrụ ikuku oxygen zuru ezu, apnea na-aga n'ihu na nwa ọhụrụ ahụ enweghị ike ịgbake nke ọma. N'ụzọ dị iche, oke ikuku oxygen a na-enye nwere ike iduga n'ihe ize ndụ dị elu maka retrolental fibroplasia na / ma ọ bụ nsị oxygen n'ime akpa ume. [1] Nkwụsị iku ume bụ ihe ịrịba ama na ọrịa Wilson-Mikity ka na-emetụta nwa ọhụrụ. A na-achọ ikuku dị elu iji nye ohere iku ume kwesịrị ekwesị. A na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ ewepụ ndị ọrịa na-agbake na nkwado oxygen ma mesịa nwee ike iku ume na obere Nsogbu iku ume.[2]

Enweghị nchọpụta banyere mmetụta ogologo oge nke Wilson-Mikity n'ime okenye.   &#x5B;**&#x5D;
Nnukwu maka afọ ime

Large for gestational age but okwu eji akowa umuaka amuru di nnukwu Karia out ha kwesiri idi, okachasi idi 90th percentile maobu Karia otu umuaka idi ya di N'oge ntolite ya.   Macrosomia bụ okwu yiri nke ahụ nke na-akọwa oke ibu ọmụmụ, mana ọ na-ezo aka n'ịtụle zuru oke, n'agbanyeghị afọ ime. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, ọnụ ụzọ maka ịchọpụta macrosomia bụ ịdị arọ nke ahụ n'etiti 4,000 na 4,500 gram (8    , ma ọ bụ karịa, nke a tụrụ mgbe a mụrụ ya, mana enwere ihe isi ike iru nkwekọrịta zuru ụwa ọnụ nke nkọwa a.[4]

## Ihe ịrịba ama na mgbaàmà
Macrosomia nwa e bu n'afọ na LGA anaghị enwekarị mgbaàmà ndị ọrịa a na-ahụ anya. Ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa gụnyere nnukwu ịdị elu (ogo akpa nwa) na Mmiri amniotic gabigara ókè (polyhydramnios).  Enwere ike ịlele ịdị elu nke isi site n'elu akpa nwa ruo n'Ọkpụkpụ pubic ma gosipụta na nwa a mụrụ ọhụrụ nwere ike ibu. Mmiri amniotic gabigara ókè na-egosi na nsị nwa e bu n'afọ buru ibu karịa ka a tụrụ anya ya, na-egosi nwa buru ibu karịa nke kwesịrị ekwesị; ụfọdụ mgbaàmà nke mmiri amniotic karịrị akarị gụnyere

* ume dị mkpụmkpụ
* ọzịza nke ụkwụ ala na mgbidi afọ
* Enweghị ahụ iru ala ma ọ bụ mgbanaka
* ọnọdụ nwa ọhụrụ, dị ka ngosipụta breech.

## Ihe Ndị Na-akpata ya
E gosipụtara ọtụtụ ihe na-eme ka ohere nke macrosomia nwa ọhụrụ dịkwuo ukwuu, gụnyere oke ibu, ọrịa shuga, ma ọ bụ dyslipidemia nke nne, ọrịa shuga dị n'ime ime, ime ime ime, akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ọmụmụ macrosomic, mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, na ihe ndị ọzọ.

## Mgbochi
Enwere ike igbochi LGA na macrosomia nwa ọhụrụ metụtara nchịkwa glycemic na-adịghị mma site na njikwa glucose dị irè n'ọbara n'okpuru ọkwa glucose nke 100 mg / dl tupu na n'oge ime; na mgbakwunye, nlekota nke ọma ibu ibu na nri n'oge afọ ime nwere ike inye aka igbochi L GA na macrosomy nwa ọhụrụ. &nbsp;Ụmụ nwanyị buru oke ibu na-ebelata ibu nwere ike belata ohere ha nwere inwe nwa ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ LGA.[2] Tụkwasị na nke a, nlekọta tupu amụọ nwa oge na nyocha oge niile na dọkịta dị mkpa na ịhazi ime ime, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na mmadụ buru oke ibu, ọrịa shuga, ọbara mgbali elu, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ tupu ime ime ime.[1]
Nástio Mosquito

Nástio Mosquito (amuru 1981) bu onye omenkà otutu amuru na Angolan.  [1] [2] Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na music, ọrụ, video art, na-arụ ọrụ art, echichi art, na okwu uri.  [3] [4] [5] [6] Nkà anwụnta na-ekwu maka isiokwu ndị dị ka na-egosi na fim, yana njikọ njikọ na ihe mere eme colonial gbagwojuru anya nke obodo ya Angola.  [7] [8] O jirila monikers dị iche iche Nastiá, Saco, Cucumber Slice, na Zura Zuara.  

A mindi anwụnta na Luanda, isi obodo Angola na 1981 [1] na nna ukwu ya mere na Lisbon, Portugal.  Ọ dị na 29th São Paulo Art Biennial na 2010. [2] Na 2014, e nyere ihe nrite nka nka n'ihe.  [3] [4] Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na Ghent, Belgium. 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Maurice Pellosh

áká_èkpè|thumb|Maurice Pellosh
Maurice Bidilou, ntụgharị dị ka Pellosh, bụ onye na-ese foto Congo (15 Ọgọst 1951 — 25 Mai 2023).  [1] O weputara foto nke obere na nke ọkara na-esetịpụ obodo Congo na 1970s ruo etiti 1990s.  [2] N'afọ 2016, ọ mechiri studio ya.  Ọ akụkụ ngwaọrụ ọhụrụ na 2021 ka usoro ihe ngosi solo ihuenyo.

## Afọ mbụ
A mind Maurice Pellosh n'ime ሚኒ ndị ọrụ ugbo n'ime ime obodo ndịda Bouansa ( Congo-Brazzaville ).  N'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, ọ nwa aha otutu "Pellosh" [1] mgbe okwu ahụ "pelloche", slang yiri ihe nkiri

Maurice Pellosh kwagara Pointe-Noire mgbe ọ dị afọ iri na asaa ya na nwanne ya nwoke. Mgbe ọ rụsịrị ọrụ ole na ole na-adịghị mma iji kwado onwe ya, o kpebiri iji nkwado nwanne nna ya gbasoo ọmụmụ ihe foto. Na 1971, ọ malitere ịmụ ọrụ na Studio Janot Père  maka mgbanwe maka demijohn mmanya, ọkụkọ, ụyọkọ banana, na franc 20,000 CFA. Ọ nọrọ ọnwa iri abụọ na-amụ ma na-eme ụkpụrụ nke ìhè, onyinyo na nuances. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

== Ọrụ foto ==
N'ịbụ onye na-ese foto zụrụ azụ na 1973, o nyere iwu igwefoto mbụ ya site na France: 6x6 Yashica mat-124 G. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese foto na-awagharị na mpaghara Mayombé,  na-ewere ndụ ime obodo.

Ọ mepere ụlọ ihe nkiri ya, Studio Pellosh, na Pointe-Noire na Disemba 17, 1973. Ndị nwe ihe nkiri ahụ dị na mpaghara Rex dị nso na Central Market na nnukwu ụlọ alakụba.  Omenala Sape nọ na-arrị elu n'oge ahụ.  [1] N'oge na-adịghị anya Studio Pellosh ikike ewu ewu wee bụrụ ebe [2] ebe ezina-ama mmetụta, ndị enyi na ndị sapeurs bịara maka ntọala ala, yi uwe kacha mma ha.  Eseere ihe ngosi nke ihe na akwụkwọ onwe na Kongo-Brazzaville mgbe mba ahụ dere akwụkwọ onwe.  N'uhuruchi, Pellosh gara n'ihu na-eme njem ụgbọ mmiri, ụlọ ịgba egwu na ụlọ egwu iji ihe nkiri nkiri ndụ.

Site na 1980s, ihe nkiri analọg na- nchekwa data na Congo-Brazzaville .  Maurice Pellosh sere foto ojii na nke ọcha gaa na agba.  [1] Agha obodo na njedebe 1990s na ịrị elu nke foto ọkọlọtọ na 2000s ebe mbelata na foto studio, [1] na Maurice Pellosh mechara mechiri ụlọ ọrụ na 2016.

N'ime afọ 40, Maurice Pellosh weghaara puku kwuru puku ihe osise na ihe nkiri nke obodo Kongo na-amasi ike. 

== Nkwenye oge na ihe nketa ==
Na 2019, Maurice Pellosh zutere curator Emmanuelle Béthery na Pointe Noire site na enyi ibe ya.  Foto ndị ahụ nwere odo odo masịrị ya, n'ịghọta àmà na-ahụ n'ahụ nke oge gara aga.  N’oge na-adịghị anya, ọ gara ileta Maurice n’ike ya nke nwere ike igbe ọkụ.  Ha niile nso puku kwuru puku 6x6 negatives nke edobere na igbe Kodak, na-emebi site na mmiri mmiri na iru mmiri.  [1] Foto ndị ahụ nke ihu nwata na okenye, ihe osise nke ndị ọrụ n'anya, na ndị sapeurs .  Emmanuelle Béthery hụrụ ọrụ mweghachi na 2020 mgbe ọ la nwud na Paris na ichekwa na ọrụ Maurice Pellosh</link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

Na June 2021, ihe ngosi solo mbụ Maurice Pellosh mepere na Galerie Beaurepaire na Paris. 

E gosila ọrụ ya na Paris, Arles na Dar es Salaam .  Akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ gbasara ndụ ya na ọrụ ya na-aga n'ihu.&#x5B; ** &#x5D;

## Ntụaka
Leandro Mbomio

thumb| Leandro Mbomio Nsue
Leandro Mbomio Nsue Edú-Aguong (5 Jenụarị 1938 – 12 Nọvemba 2012) bụ onye ọkpụkpụ na nka nke Equatorial Guinea, na onye bụbu onye minista ọchịchị [1] na onye minista mgbasa ozi, njem nlegharị anya, nka na omenala

A egwuregwu Mbomio na 5 Jenụarrị 1938 na Eviyong, Spanish Guinea . 

N'October 2007 Mbomo bụ onye UNESCO àmà Artist for Peace, [1] o nwere ọtụtụ knighthood otu sitere na French Republic maka uru nka. 

Leandro nkà nkà na Spain ebe o biri na mba ọzọ ruo ọtụtụ afọ n'oge Franco .  [1] Ọ na-enwe akara mgbe niile maka Free Equatorial Guinea, na 1979, o ji ikike nke onye bụbu Embassy nke Equatorial Guinea na Madrid nwere.  [ Fur dị mkpa ] Mgbe Onye isi ala ọhụrụ ya ọ hụrụ ihe niile na Equatorial Guinea.  Ọ bụ onye ikendọrọ arọ n'Afrịka ma bụrụ onye isi ala Teodoro Obiang nso mgbe niile.  O biri na Malabo (RGE), Germany, Madrid, Barcelona, ​​wdg, [2] ma bụrụ onye isi oche nke Council of Science and Technology nke Equatorial Guinea na nke Onye isi oche nke Equatorial Guinea 

Mbomio nwụrụ na 12 Nọvemba 2012 na Río Muni, Bata. 

## Ntụaka
Tadesse Mamechae

Tadesse Mamecha ( ንብ 1941, dị ka Tadesse Mamecha Gebre-Tsadik ) bụ onye Etiopia na-ese ihe.  Ihe osise ya kacha ama bụ "Afar" nke guzo n'ihu ụlọ ihe nkiri nke mba dị na Churchill Road. 

Tadesse Mamecha akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Art School dị na Addis Ababa site na 1958 ruo 1962. Ọ gara n'ihu na igbu ya site na ịga Leningrad Academy of Arts (USSR) site na 1963 ruo 1970 wee nweta MA na Fine Arts.  Ọ la iche Etiopia ma jee ozi dị ka onye nkuzi na Addis Ababa Arts School  

Ndị ọrụ ya na Addis Ababa, Sweden na Denmark.  E mkpala ọrụ na National Museum na Addis Ababa n'oge na-adịbeghị anya dị ka February 2011. 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Tadesse Mamecha Sculptor Of Modern Ethiopia on YouTube
* A Chronology of 20th Century Ethiopian Art
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Clement Seneca

**Clément Sénèque** (14 Ọgọst 1896 - 30 Eprel 1930) bụ onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ mara maka ngosipụta ya nke ọdịdị ala okike yana "nhụta dị egwu"  o wetara na eserese nke ihe owuwu mmadụ mere.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Clément Sénèque na Mauritius na 14 Ọgọst 1896 mgbe agwaetiti ahụ bụ obodo Britain.  Ezinụlọ ya kwagara Durban, South Africa na 1900, na-agụcha akwụkwọ ya wee jee ozi dị ka onye na-amụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ n'otu ụlọ ọrụ dị n'ime obodo n'etiti 1915 na 1921.  Ọ kwagara Paris, na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ nke Alfred Agache (onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ) . Ọ lụrụ nwunye ya Marie Therese L'Hoste na 18 Julaị 1923.  N'ịlaghachi na Durban obere oge ka nke ahụ gasịrị, ọ dịrị ndụ ma rụọ ọrụ dị ka ma onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ site na oyi baa mgbe ọ dị afọ 33 na 30 Eprel 1930. 

## Ọrụ
Clément mere ihe ngosi mbụ ya na *[https://www.lamaisondesartistes.fr/ La Maison des Artistes]* na Paris. Mgbe ọ laghachiri na Durban, n'etiti 1925 na 1930 ọ malitere ịbụ onye a ma ama, ghọọ osote onye isi oche nke Natal Society of Arts (NSA).  Ọtụtụ ihe ngosi solo sochiri, nke kacha pụta ìhè mere na gallery nke Johannesburg na 1927. 

Tatham Art Gallery mere ihe ngosi nlegharị anya na 1969 na 1984. Ọtụtụ veranda dị na South Africa nwere eserese ya. 

Ọrụ ya ka na-ewu ewu, yana ọtụtụ mkpọ ahịa na-ewere ọnọdụ na 2019. 

## Na-arụ ọrụ

* Mont Blanc - 1923 
* Aiguille Du Midi - Obodo nta na Glacier des Bossons - 1924 
* Les Aiguille de la Glière (n'abalị) - 1924 

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* https://www.straussart.co.za/artists/view/clement-seneque/live Strauss & Co Auctioneers
* https://web.archive.org/web/20210512101355/http://lifewithart.com/artists/clement-seneque.html Biography na LifeWithArt
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2W91i3p7TY&list=UUv9W1s5rw7FmwONIEgT274w Vidiyo na-eso ọrịre nke *Aiguille Du Midi - Village et Glacier des Bossons (1924)*
Clement Siatous

**Clément Siatous** (amụrụ 17 February 1947) bụ onye Mauritian na onye Britain na-ese ihe sitere na Chagossian . A maara ya maka eserese ya na-egosi ndụ ndị Chagossia kwa ụbọchị tupu a chụpụ ha n'agha.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Clément Siatous na 17 February 1947 na Diamond Island na atoll nke Peros Banhos, na Chagos Archipelago . N'oge ahụ Chagos bụ ókèala Mauritius dabere na ya, n'onwe ya bụ obodo nke Alaeze Ukwu Britain . Ya mere, mgbe a mụrụ Clément Siatous, bụ nwa amaala nke ókèala ndị Britain dabere . Nna ya nwụnahụrụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ atọ, ma soro ezinụlọ ya kwaga na nke mbụ mgbe ọ dị afọ ise gaa Diego Garcia, bụ isi agwaetiti nke agwaetiti ahụ.  Ọ ga-akwaga Mauritius na 1960 ka ọ gwọọ nne ya na-arịa ọrịa. Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị Chagossia, ndị ọchịchị Britain gbochiri ya ịlaghachi na Chagos ma nọrọ na Mauritius. 

## Ọrụ
Clément Siatous bụ onye na-ese ihe na-akụziri onwe ya ihe.  Ọ na-enweta ihe ka ukwuu n'ego nka nka site na eserese ndị ama ama, mana ọ bịara bụrụ onye amara nke ọma maka ihe nkiri ndụ ya kwa ụbọchị na Chagos. Ebumnobi ya bụ idobe ebe nchekwa nke ndị Chagossia dị ndụ, na igosi na a na-ebi n'agwaetiti ya na-adịgide adịgide tupu a dọrọ ya n'agha, n'adịghị ka ihe ndị ọchịchị Britain na America na-ekwu mgbe ụfọdụ iji kwado nchụpụ nke ndị bi na ya.  Ihe osise ya nke Chagos na-egosipụtakarị ọrụ n'ubi aki oyibo, ndụ n'ime obodo, na ebe a na-akụ azụ .  Siatous na-ekwu na ọ na-akpali ya site na ncheta nwata ya na nke obodo Chagossian.  Otú ọ dị, ọ naghị adabere na foto, n'ihi na ndị a dị obere na Chagos tupu a dọrọ ya n'agha, na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị na oji na ọcha.  O kwuputala na ọ na-achọpụta na ọ dị mkpa ịse ihe n'ụdị ezi uche dị na ya iji kụziere ọgbọ ndị na-abịa n'ihu, n'ihi na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ nwere ike ịkọ akụkọ ndụ na Chagos na-ebelata ngwa ngwa.  Ọ na-ejikarị mmanụ ma ọ bụ acrylic agba .  

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Vaco Baissac

**Joseph Charles Jacques Desiré Baissac** (1940  - 4 February 2023),  mara ọkachamara dị ka **Vaco**, bụ onye na-ese ihe na Mauritian, nke a kacha mara amara maka ihe ngosi ya nke ndụ agwaetiti site na eserese, ugegbe ntụpọ, ihe ọkpụkpụ, ihe ịchọ mma na ceramik. 

Vaco bụ onye na-agbachitere asụsụ Mauritian Creole na echiche na ndị Mauritian niile nwere ike ịkparịta ụka site n'asụsụ nkịtị dị n'ọdịbendị Mauritius, nke mere na o kwuru na ọ na-ese asụsụ Creole ma mata ya dị ka onye na-ese Creole. 

## Ndụ mbido
Ọkpara n'ime ụmụaka anọ, Vaco tolitere na Curepipe .  Nna ya Yves Baissac bụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ obodo na nwanne ya nwoke Jean Claude Baissac bụ onye ọzọ na-ese ihe na Mauritius. 

## Ihe ngosi na ọrụ
Isi mmalite: 

* 1958 Vaco mere ihe ngosi solo mbụ ya mgbe ọ dị afọ 18
* 1960 St. Denis de La Réunion
* 1970 ruo 1990 Ihe ngosi na veranda dị iche iche na South Africa
* Ihe ngosi 1991 nke mbụ kemgbe ọ laghachiri na Mauritius na Galerie Hélène de Senneville na Grand Baie, Mauritius
* 1992 Salon de St. Leu a La Reunion
* 1993 Salon d'Automne na Paris, France
* 1995 Vaco na ụmụ akwụkwọ ya na-ekpughe ihe osise, Port Louis, Mauritius
* 1997 Galerie du Chien de Plomb, Port Louis, Mauritius
* Ihe ngosi 2001 na Brussels na Friborg
* 2002 Musée Vera na Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Paris
* 2003 ARTE92 na Milan
* 2005 Mahatma Gandhi Institute, Moka, Mauritius
* 2012 VACO kpughere les iko, Réduit, Mauritius
* 2023-2024 – Retrospektiv Vaco (mgbe emechara), Caudan Arts Center, Ile Maurice

Ọtụtụ ndị ọbịa ọbịa na Mauritius anatala ihe osise Vaco gụnyere Sepp Blatter,  onye bụbu onye isi FIFA, na Pope Francis . 
Usòrò:Vaco_Autoportrait.jpg
Usòrò:Vaco_painting_of_flamboyant_tree.jpg
Usòrò:Pg43-001.jpg
Usòrò:Fam_dan_zil.jpg


## Ihe nrite na ihe ịchọ mma

*  Mauritius:
** 70x70px Grand Commander of the Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean (2023)
** Best Visual Artist, Mauritius National Awards ceremony 2018

## Edensibia
Gabrielle Wiehe

**Gabrielle Wiehe** ( Amụrụ : Julaị 14, 1980 na Moka, Mauritius) bụ onye na-ese ihe na onye na-ese ihe na Mauritius. 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Gabrielle Wiehe na Moka, Mauritius na July 14, 1980. Nna ya Jacques bụ onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ sitere na ezinụlọ Wiehe, onye mmalite ya nwere ike ịmalite na Denmark. Otu onye ama ama n'ime ezinụlọ ya n'oge ọ na-etolite bụ Christian William Wiehe, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Château de Labourdonnais. Nwanne ya nwoke Johann Wiehe bụkwa onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ ma dekọọ akụkọ ndụ ya na 2010. Na mgbakwunye na onye òtù ezinụlọ ya a ma ama, nwa nwanne nna nke nna ya, Ernest Wiehe, bụkwa onye a ma ama nke Mauritian saxophonist. 
Mgbe Gabrielle gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Lycée Labourdonnais na Mauritius, ọ kwagara Metropolitan France na 1998 wee malite ịmụ ihe osise eserese na Paris n'otu afọ ahụ. Onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na ụlọ akwụkwọ intuit ụlọ akwụkwọ na 2002, o bipụtara akwụkwọ n'afọ na-esote na Mango Jeunesse nke ọ na-akọwa The Puss in Boots na The Fairies, akụkọ abụọ nke Charles Perrault. O bipụtaburu akwụkwọ mbụ akpọrọ Bestioles, nke pụtara naanị na 2005 na L'atelier du poisson soluble.  

## Edensibia

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Mo Abbaro

Mo Abbaro (17 October 1933 – 12 Maachị 2016), [1] [2] ibi ka Mo Abdalla ma ọ bụ Mohammed Ahmed Abdalla Abbaro, [3] [4] bụ onye Sudanese ceramicist na ọkpụite Fada na London, onye akọwara.  site n'aka onye na-ese ihe bụ Oliver Bloom dị ka "otu n'ime ndị na-ese ceramiiki kacha mma n'ụwa".

## Ndụ na ọrụ
Mkpakọrịta Mohammed Ahmed Abdalla Abbaro na Abu Jibayha, Sudan .  [1] Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Fine na Applied Arts site na Khartoum Technical Institute na 1958, [1] n'afọ sochirinụ na-emeri akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na London iji mgbanwe ceramik na Central School of Arts and Crafts .  [1] Ọ ike akwụkwọ postgraduate na ike ihe na North Staffordshire College of Ceramics, mgbe nke ahụ ihuenyo, ọ oge nwere ikike na-achọpụta kemịkalụ nke ihe ceramics na North Staffs College of Ceramics Technology.  [2] [3] Ọ la ihie na Sudan ka ọ pịaere ceramik afọ ụfọdụ, mana o nyere England na 1966 [4] iji nweta ọrụ ya na Britain   

Ọ si ceramik na Camden Arts Center ihe ụmụaka afọ iri abụọ, [1] ma nwee ọtụtụ ihe ngosi na London-gụnyere na Barbican Center, Whitechapel Gallery (dị ka nke Africa '95), [2] Ndị Ahịa Ndị Ahịa, na  Ebe Iraq Cultural Center [3] - na ebe ndị ọzọ na UK, yana US na Sweden.  [4] Ndị na-eme ihe nkiri ya na ebe ngosi ihe nkiri dị na King Henry's Road, na nso Primrose Hill . 

Ọ tụgharịrị n'ịde ihe na ndụ mgbe e mesịrị, na-ebipụta ọrụ na usoro seramiiki, dị ka Modern Ceramics-On the Interplay of Forms and Surfaces (2000), yana na akụkọ ezinụlọ nke ya, [1] gụnyere The History of the Abbaros of Sudan.  kemgbe narị afọ nke 15 (1997)  

Seramiki dị na mkpokọta London's British Museum, Institut du Monde Arabe na Paris, na Smithsonian Museum, Washington.  [1] E ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi 2017 Frederique Cifuentes Sudan: Emergence of Singularities na P21 Gallery, London. 

## Ezinụlọ
 Ọ mụrụ Rose (née Glennie), [1] 1964, [2] ada onye dere Elisabeth Lutyens na nwa nwa Sir Edwin Lutyens .

Abbaro nwụrụ na 80 na London na 12 Maachị 2016, [1] gburu site na na-egosi ya na nwa ha nwoke na ụmụ àmà abụọ. .  

## Hụkwa

* Nkà ihe nkiri nke Sudan

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Oliver Bloom, "The ceramicist", vidiyo YouTube, Ọktoba 18, 2012.
Frédéric Brou

thumb| Frédéric Brou
**Frédéric Brou** (11 Disemba 1862 - 15 Mee 1925) bụ onye France na-ese ihe na onye ọkpụ ihe kụziri onwe ya.

## Ndụ
Amụrụ na Mauritius, ọ kpụrụ akpụ ma gosipụta ya na Boutteville site na 1887 gaa n'ihu. N'ebe ahụ, ọ natara ndụmọdụ sitere n'aka Antonin Larroux na Georges Lemaire . O gosipụtara plasta modello maka ihe ọkpụkpụ ya *nke Eve* na 1897 'salon des artistes français', na-egosipụta ọrụ a rụchara na marble n'otu ebe ahụ afọ abụọ ka e mesịrị, ebe ọ na-emegide ọrụ Rodin n'otu isiokwu ahụ . Steeti France nyere ya ụgbọ mmiri Jules Ferry na 1899 ma ọ na-egosipụta oge niile na Société des artistes français .  Ọ nwụrụ na Pleumeur-Bodou . 

## Ọrụ ahọpụtara

* Fanjeaux *Ihe ncheta nke Hugues Destrem* 
* Paris :
** nne Carnavalet : *Ncheta nke Villiers de l'Isle Adam*, nke a makwaara dị ka *Glory Pulling Auguste de Villiers de l'Isle Adam Site n'ụra Ebighị Ebi Ya*, 1906, plasta maquette maka ili onye na-ede uri, ọ dịghị mgbe ọ ghọtara 
** square nke Yorktown : *Franklin natara n'ụlọ ikpe.* *1778* na *mbinye aka nke Treaty of Paris .* *1783*, 1898, bronze bas-reliefs na pedestal nke *ihe ncheta nke Benjamin Franklin* site n'aka John J. Boyle
* Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, square Hameln : *Eve*, 1899, ihe oyiyi marble, plasta modello nke e gosiri maka ya na Paris Salon nke 1897

Usòrò:Inscription_statue,_square_de_Yorktown,_ouest,_Paris_16e_1.jpg|alt=Franklin Received at Court. 1778| *Franklin natara n'ibu ikpe. 1778*
Usòrò:Inscription_statue,_square_de_Yorktown,_est,_Paris_16e_5.jpg|alt=Signing of the Treaty of Paris. 1783| *Ịbinye aka na Treaty nke Paris. 1783*
Usòrò:Benjamin_Franklin.JPG|alt=The whole monument|Ihe ahụ dum

Usòrò:Statue_Ève_Aperçut_Nue_Square_Hameln_-_Saint-Maur-des-Fossés_(FR94)_-_2021-02-23_-_1.jpg|alt=Eve (1899), Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, square Hameln.| *Eve*(1899),Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, square Hameln.
Usòrò:Carnavalet_-_Auguste_Villiers_de_l'Isle-Adam_01.jpg|alt=Monument to Villiers de l'Isle Adam (1906), plaster, Paris, musée Carnavalet.| *Ihe nkeVilliers de l'Isle Adam*Plasta (1906)Paris,nne Carnavalet.


## Edensibia

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* (in French) Léon Bloy, *Lettres à Frédéric Brou et à Jean de la Laurencie*, Éditeur Bloud et Gay, 1927.
* Dictionnaire Bénézit entry
John Bauer (onye ọkpụite)

John Bauer (amuru 6 Jenụwarị 1978) bụ onye South Africa ceramist mara maka nke aka ya na nka Ceramic .  Ọ bi na Muizenberg ma na-arụ ọrụ studio na Montebello Design Center na Newlands, Cape Town.

## Ndụ mbido
John Bauer na Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, na saịtị nke etiti.  N'ụzọ dị ụgbọ mwute, na 1983, nne ya na nne nne ya nwụrụ n'ihe ike ala nke ozi onye ụgbọ ala ala ụgbọ.  Mgbe e ịhụ na afụ iri abụọ ya, e gburugburu nne ya dị ndụ, nke nwere ike ime miri emi n'afọ nkà ya.. 

Na 1985, Chicago Bauer kwagara Newlands, Cape Town, ebe ọhụrụ.  Ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ Westerford, ebe a na-ahụghị ọrịa dyslexia ya, na-eduga na ihe ịma aka aka mere ka ọ ghara ịgụ akwụkwọ.  Mgbe [ ] afọ iri na atọ, Bauer pịa ya maka ite ite, nke ga-akpụzi ọrụ ya n'etiti.

## Ọrụ na mmetụta
Nkwenye Bauer n'ịkpụ ite mere ka ya na ndị ọkpụite nọ na-amụ ihe n'agbanyeghị mgba ego mbụ.  Ọ chọpụtara dị iche iche nke poselin, na-anwale ihe eji ihe ahụ, usoro mkpazi, glazes, na ndị na-agba agba.  Ihe ndị Imperial Chinese porcelains nke Song Dynasty na-emetụta ọrụ ya (960-1,279).  ihe nke Bauer mere ka akụkụ usoro iche maka ihe nkiri mma a na-etinye, na-eme ikike ikike ya.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama nke Bauer kere bụ nchịkọta nke ihe karịrị ọkwá 4,000 nke e mepụtara site na 2000 ruo 2004. Ọkwa ndị a na-egosipụta mgbakasị ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya dị ala, ihe ịchọ mma a kụbisịrị akụwa, nyocha isiokwu nke ịhụnanya, owu ọmụma, na ịchụso obi ụtọ. Ọ bụ &#x5D; **' &#x5B;</sup> na-atọkarị ụtọ, ha na-emetụkwa isiokwu ndị gbara ọkpụrụkpụ, gụnyere nhụsianya na ọrụ enyemaka. 

Na mgbakwunye na ọkwá ya, Bauer megharịrị ihe ngosi nka ya dị iche iche, na-eke plaques, taịlị, na ọkwá ndị na-eme ka nkata, akwa akwa na akwa akwa. Isi mmalite nke mkpali ya sitere na lace na crochet ruo lacquer oriental na ihe ịchọ mma enyemaka achọtara na ihe dị iche iche. </link><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#x5B; **' &#x5D;

Ọrụ Bauer na-asọpụrụ nkà aka ọdịnala na nka ndị mmadụ, na-eme ememe nka nke oge tupu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Ọ na-anabatakarị ụmụ nwanyị ndị na-emepụta ihe iji kwalite ndụ ụlọ ma na-enyocha isiokwu ndị metụtara 'nwanyị ebighi ebi' na ike mgbapụta nke ịhụnanya n'ime nka ya. 

Ihe nka nke John Bauer rụpụtara onye ịbụ onye amatara dị ka ihe okike na-eke na Kere Indaba 2009. E igodola ọrụ ya na ihe ngosi, fim ndị anya na South Africa Museum na 2012. Nkà ya bụ nke mkpokọta na Slave Lodge dị  na Cape Town na William Humphreys Art Gallery na Kimberley  . 

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* "Smashwords - Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu mmetụta uche: Enwere m mmetụta Kylie Minogue taa… na mmetụta ndị ọzọ" akwụkwọ John Bauer dere
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ John Bauer
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Antoine Toussaint de Chazal

[thumb| Eserese nke Captain Matthew Flinders (ihe dị ka 1806–1807), onye gagharịrị wee chepụta ụsọ oké osimiri [Ostraliya|Australia.]]
**Antoine Toussaint de Chazal** (1770–1854) bụ onye ọbịa France hiwere dị ka onye na-akụ ahịhịa na  (Ugbu a Mauritius ).

A mụrụ De Chazal na 15 Disemba 1770 na Port Louis,  .

Ọ bụ onye nnọchi anya mpaghara Pamplemousses, na Mgbakọ colonial nke 

Ọ bụ onye na-ese ihe amateur ma mara ya maka ihe osise ya nke onye na-ese ihe nkiri Britain na onye isi ndị agha mmiri Royal Matthew Flinders, nke e sere na 1806–1807. 

## Ọrụ

* Eserese nke Captain Matthew Flinders, mmanụ na akwaaji, 50x64.5&nbsp;cm. Onyinye David Roche na ebe nchekwa nna ya, JDK Roche, na South Australian Government 2000, na Art Gallery nke South Australia, Adelaide .

## Edensibia

* "Flinders Captain Flinders na Flinders: ihe ngosi nke ihe ngosi mmanụ ya nke Chazal", Adelaide, Ọbá akwụkwọ Mahadum Flinders, 1988.
* 
*
Ezzat Abou Aouf

Mohamed Ezzat Ahmed Shafiq Abou Aouf (Arabic: محمد عزت أحمد شفيق أبو عوف; 21 Ọgọst 1948 - 1 Julaị 2019) bụ onye omere na onye na-ede egwú Ijipt.  Abou Aouf nwetara nzere bachelọ na nkà mmụta ọgwụ.  [Mgbe?] Ọ bụ onye otu rock band Les Petits Chats.  O mechara sonye na Black Coats, na n'ọgwụgwụ nke iri asaa tọrọ ntọala Ndị anọ M. Ọ rụrụ arụ na 1992 na Ihe nracha na Gleam (Ays Krim fi Glym) ya na onye ọbụ abụ Egypt Amr Diab, [1] [2] na-eme ihe karịrị ihe nkiri 100 karịa.  usoro nke ọrụ ya.[3]  Abou Aouf arụkwara ọrụ dịka onye isi ihe nkiri Cairo Ememme Nkiri Mba Nile afọ asaa.    

## Ihe nkiri

## Egwu
Ezzat bụ onye na-ahụ maka ahụigodo maka Les Petits Chats, otu egwu egwu hiwere na 1967. [1] [2] Ezzat hibere otu 4M na nwanyị 1980 ya na ike ya anọ Mona, Maha, Manal na Mervat.  [3] 4M bịara na njedebe mgbe eji ahụ jere ụzọ ha dị iche iche    

## Ọnwụ
Morocco World News kọrọ na ọ nọ na-enwe nsogbu obi na imeju n'ime afọ ikpeazụ ya.  Ike Abou Ouf akawanyela njọ ka nri ya Fatima nwụrụ na 2015, dịka onye na-ese ihe na-arahụ ọrịa oyi oyi.  [1] Izu ole na ole ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya ngwaọrụ na ICU na-anata uru.  Emere olili ya n'ihe alakụba Sayeda Nafisa dị na Cairo  

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* 
* Compostions
Audrey Albert

**Audrey Albert** bụ onye na-ese ihe na Mauritian nke nwere ihe nketa Chagossian, onye ọrụ ya na-egosipụta ọdịbendị omenala na njirimara ndị Chagos Islanders . Egosipụta ọrụ ya na mba ụwa, na 2021 a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Onye Mmekọ Creative na Manchester International Festival .

## Akụkọ ndụ
Amụrụ na Mauritius, sitere na ezinụlọ nke ihe nketa Chagossian, Albert gụrụ sayensị ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nkwukọrịta na Mahadum Mauritius site na 2009 ruo 2013.   O mechara mụọ Photography na Manchester School of Art site na 2015 ruo 2018.  

Omume nka Albert na-esetịpụ isiokwu nke njirimara na ọdịnala wee dọta ihe nketa omenala Chagossian, nke kachasị site na enweghị igwefoto, analog na foto dijitalụ.    Egosipụta ọrụ ya *bụ Matter Out of Place* na Pingyao, Mauritius, Arles,   na n'ebe ihe ngosi nka nke ndị mmadụ na Manchester.  Na 2020 ọ haziri kaadị ekeresimesi, nke rere dị ka akụkụ nke atụmatụ ịkpata ego nke UK Chagos Support Association . 

Na 2021 a họpụtara ya ka ọ bụrụ Onye Mmekọ Creative site Manchester International Festival, ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ na oru ngo akpọrọ *Chagossians na Manchester.*  Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dịka onye na-eme mkpebi na-eto eto maka kọntaktị MCR ihe nkiri, ebe o tinyere aka na nrụzigharị ya. 

## Edensibia


## Njikọ mpụga

* Weebụsaịtị gọọmentị
* Onye na-ese foto Audrey Albert na ihe osise Chagos ya (okwu)
* SERAZ POUL (nchịkọta ntanetị)
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Firoz Ghanty

**Firoz Abdul Cader Ghanty** (14 Ọgọst 1952 - 3 Disemba 2019) bụ onye na-ese ihe, onye na-ede uri na onye na-akwado Mauritius . 

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Ghanty na Mauritius nye onye Peshia - nna Gujarati na nne France . O jidere echiche Marxist - Leninist, na ntinye aka ya na ngagharị iwe butere njide na 1975 na 1981. O biri na France site na 1984 ruo 1996. O nyere aka na mmegharị Arte Povera, ma bụrụ ọkachamara na nka nke oge a.

Firoz Ghanty nwụrụ na Disemba 3, 2019 n'ụlọ ọgwụ Wellkin na Moka . 

## Ọrụ ndị ama ama

* "L'Île Maurice à Paris" (1986)
* "Grande kermesse populaire du Parti du Travail Suisse" (1986)
* "Les Plasticiens de l'Île Maurice" (1993)
* "Dix ans après" (1994)
* "Art actuel de Maurice" (1994)
* "Emere na Mauritius" (1995)
* "Les Années Paris" (1996)
* "Papié" (1996)
* "Litra" (1997)
* "Poswar/Pochoirs" (1997)
* 1000 Rondins/Totem pu Lamemwar (1998)
* "Le Pont I" (2000)
* "Bridge II Pont III" (2000)
* "Mgbakọ" (2001)
* "Akụkọ akpaaka" (2001)
* "Le Pont III" (2002)
* "Sertifié Morisyin II" (2002)
* "Mgbe Tokyo gasịrị" (2003) 
* "Taureau-de Solstice na Equinoxe" (2007)
* "Mon Corps/Moi Mis à Nu" (2008)
* "Striker" (2009) 
* "Écritures Croisées" (2009)
* "Nnwale ọdịda nke Dodo" (2010)
* "11e Foire internationale des Mascareignes" (2010)
* "FNB Joburg Art ngosi" (2011) 
* "Mgbawa" (2011)  
* "… Suite" (2012) 
* "Prakzis" (2012)  

## Edensibia
Ndop (Kuba)

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|319x319px| Ndop nke eze Mishe miShyaang maMbul; 1760-1780; osisi; 49.5 x 19.4 x 21.9 cm (19  7  8  . ); Ụlọ ihe ngosi nka nke Brooklyn (New York City). Ndops bụ ihe osise ncheta eze nke ndị Kuba nke Central Africa sere. Ha abụghị ihe atụ sitere n'okike kama e bu n'obi ha dị ka ihe nnọchianya nke mmụọ eze na dị ka ihe mkpuchi nke onye isi nke ọchịchị.
**Ndop** bụ ihe atụ ihe atụ na-anọchi anya ndị eze dị iche iche ( *nyim* ) nke alaeze Kuba .

## Oyiyi nke ndị eze n'otu n'otu
Ọ bụ ezie na ụdị ihe ọkpụkpụ a na-egosi na ọ bụ ihe okike, *ndop* abụghị ihe nnọchianya n'otu n'otu nke isiokwu dị iche iche, kama ọ bụ njedebe nke ihe ngosi anya nke na-anọchi anya àgwà dị mma nke eze ahụ nwụrụ anwụ. A na-amata ọchịchị nke ndị ọchịchị n'otu n'otu site na obere akara ngosi, nke a na-akpọ ibol, na ala nke ihe ọkpụkpụ. A na-eme ibol ọ bụla n'ọkwa dị ukwuu nke nhazi na nhazi onwe ya n'ụdị usoro na usoro okike.  N'ihe dị ka 48-55 centimeters n'ịdị elu, a tụrụ *ndop* n'osisi siri ike ma tee mmanụ nkwụ iji chebe ha pụọ na ụmụ ahụhụ, bụ nke pụrụ iche na nkà Africa ma na-emesi ndụ ha ike na nchịkọta Western taa. Ihe akpụrụ akpụ Ndop na-egosi isiokwu ndị nọ n'ụkwụ cross-cross, ọnọdụ nke pụrụ iche n'ihe akpụrụ akpụ nke Africa.

## Nkọwa
*Ndop* na-egosipụtakarị onye ọchịchị na-ebu ngwa ọgụ n'aka ekpe ya, mma ikul ma ọ bụ udo, nke emere n'ụdị edobere maka Bushoong, otu obere ndị Kuba. A na-edowe ihe osise osisi n'ime ụlọ eze na ihe ọkpụkpụ ndị ọzọ a na-akpọ 'ịmara mma nke eze', bụ nke ike anwansi eze dị n'elu ya. Mgbe eze na-anọghị n'isi obodo, a na-ete ndop mmanụ. Ndị ọkà mmụta kwenyere na ọdịnala nke "ihe oyiyi ihe osise" nke eze malitere na njedebe narị afọ nke iri na asatọ.  

## Ọrụ nke ndops
Mgbe emechara emume nke investiture, a na-ekwu na *nyim* nyere onye na-akpụ akpụ ka ọ kpụrụ ya n'ụdị *ndop* . Naanị otu ndop nwere ike ịmere eze, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nọghị ya enweghị ike ịkpụrụ ya. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ahụ rere ure ka oge na-aga, ọ ga-ekwe omume ịkpụpụta ụdị oyiri.

Dịka saịtị nke ike ndụ eze mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, e kwenyere na *ndop* chere na ọ nwere ụlọ okpukpu abụọ *nke nyim*, ogbo nke mkpụrụ obi ya. A kwenyere na ọ bụrụ na ihe ọ bụla mere eze, ọ ga-egosipụta na *ndop* . Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na a ga-emerụ eze ahụ n'agha, ọnya yiri nke ahụ ga-apụta n'ihe ọkpụkpụ *ndop* .  A na-edobe ihe oyiyi ahụ n'ime ụlọ ụmụ nwanyị, mgbe otu nwanyị nke nwanyị na-achọ ịmụ nwa, a na-etinye ya n'akụkụ ya iji hụ na a ga-ebuga ya n'enweghị nsogbu. N'ebe eze na-anọghị ya, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye na-anọchi anya ya, nke ndị inyom nke ogige ahụ na-ete mmanụ ma kụrie ya. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị, e wepụrụ ndop ahụ n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe ma wepụta ya ka e gosi ya naanị n'oge ụfọdụ. 

## Edensibia
Samir Rafi

Samir Rafi (1926–2004) bụ onye na-ese ihe ọgbara ọhụrụ nke Egypt [1] onye ikike ụdị ọgbara ọhụrụ na ahịrị sitere na Egypt ochie.  akụkụ ya bụ isi nọchiri anya Ijipt ọgbara ọhụrụ na mpaghara gbara ya gburugburu.  [2] O sitere n'ike nsasị cubism na surrealism, na-eke ihe osise ma ihe atụ na nke mberede.

## Akụkọ ndụ
Samir Rafi sonyeere na ngozi mbụ ya dị afọ 17, mgbe ọ bụ nwa akwụkwọ nke onye na-ese mmiri Shafiq Rizq.  [1] Na 1944 na 1945 ọ na-ekere òkè na ihe ngosi ndị otu Art et Liberté haziri.  [1] Samir Rafi ike akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ nke Fine Arts dị na Cairo, ebe ọ na-ama diplọma nwere ike na nka mma na 1948. N'afọ ahụ, ọ na-enye na ígwè nke Contemporary Art Group .  Ọ gbasoro nzere doctorate na Mahadum Sorbonne dị na Paris, ebe ọ bụ otu n'ime ụmụ akwụkwọ André Lhote.  

Rafi Akuziri  na College of Fine Arts dị na Cairo ma tinye ihe ngosi na Egypt.  [1] [2] O mechara kuzie nka na ihe mere eme na Algiers. 

Otu n'ime echiche ya ruru ọnụ aha 87,500 GBP n'ahịa Christie na 2019. 

## Ihe osise

* Enweghị aha, 1960, mmanụ na kanvas, 162.5 x 138&nbsp;cm, rere 87,500 GPB na 2019 na Christie's 
* *Nus*, 1945, mmanụ na akwaaji, 173 x 163&nbsp;cm, mkpokọta Cheikh Hassan MA Al Thani  
* *La Sorcière*, 1946, mmanụ na akwa akwa, 77 x 46&nbsp;cm, nchịkọta Nadim Elias [8]
* *Momie ressuscitée*, mmanụ dị n'elu akwa akwa nke edobere na panel, 1959, 215 x 68&nbsp;cm, rere maka 35,000 GPB na 2018 na Christie's 

## Ntụaka