open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Asụsụ Awngi

Asụsụ Awngi, n'akwụkwọ ochie a na-akpoputakwa ya dika Asusu **Awiya** (aha na-ekwesịghị ekwesị), bụ asụsụ Central Cushitic nke ndị Awi na-asụ, bi na Central Gojjam na ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ Etiopia.

Ọtụtụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ ahụ bi na mpaghara Agew Awi nke mpaghara Amhara, mana e nwekwara obodo ndị ọzọ na-ekwu asụsụ ahụ n'akụkụ dị iche iche nke mpaghara Metekel nke mpaghara Benishangul-Gumuz. Ruo n'oge na-adịbeghị anya, Kunfäl, asụsụ ọzọ nke Southern Agaw nke a na-asụ n'ógbè ọdịda anyanwụ nke Ọdọ Mmiri Tana, a na-enyo enyo na ọ bụ asụsụ dị iche. E gosipụtara ugbu a na ọ dị nso na Awngi, a ga-ahazi ya dị ka olumba nke asụsụ ahụ.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụedemede

Mkpụrụedemede etiti // bụ ụdaume epenthetic ndabara nke asụsụ ahụ na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ihe a na-ahụ anya kpamkpam n'oge ọ na-eme. N'otu ka ahụ, //, nke na-abụkarị allophone nke /a/, bụ fossalised na okwu ụfọdụ ma nwee ike ịkwado ya dị ka phoneme dị iche.

### JiMkpụrụ okwu

* Palatal na velar ọnụ na Awngi mejupụtara naanị otu ebe nkwekọrịta, nke a na-akpọ palato-velar.
* A na-ewere fricatives kwụsịrị na-abụ otu akụkụ na Awngi maka ihe ndị metụtara phonotactic.
*  achọpụtara ya na loanwords, Mana enwekwara ike ịhapụ ya.
*  does not occur word-initially. It is pronounced as a flap  when not geminate.
* N'etiti ụdaume, a na-akpọ // dị ka ụdaume bilabial fricative .
*  is pronounced retracted, with slight retroflexion.
*  and  are usually pronounced as voiced uvular fricatives  and .
* Ọ bụ ezie na // na /dēʒ/ na-aghọta na fonetically dị ka fricatives  na  n'ọtụtụ gburugburu ebe obibi, ha bụ nnọọ ndị na-ekwu okwu nke ndị na-enweghị olu na iwu phonological.
* A na-ahụ ọdịiche dị na ụdaume palato-velar na uvular naanị n'ihu ụdaume /i, e, a / na okwu-n'ikpeazụ.
Bila language

Bila, mà ọ bụ Forest **Bira**, bụ asụsụ Bantu á na-asụ na Mambasa Territory nkè Democratic Republic of Congo . Ndị Mbuti Pygmies bị n'ógbè ahụ na-asụkwa ya. Ìgwè ndị Pygmy dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ gụnyere Kango na Sua (Batchua). Ndị Mbuti ndị ọzọ na-asụ asụsụ Central Sudan. Ndị Kango ná Sua na-asụ asụsụ dị iche iche (ndịda na ndị ugwu), mana ezughị iji mebie nghọta há ná ndị ọrụ ụgbọ há bụ Bila.

Maho (2009) depụtara Ibutu (Mbuttu, D.313) dị ka asụsụ dị iche.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

### Mkpụrụedemede

## Ihe odide

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Asụsụ nke Oké Ọhịa Mmiri nke Afrịka ̊ Pygmy ̊ Hunter-Gatherers: Mgbanwe Asụsụ na-enweghị Ngwakọta Ọdịbendị. " Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke asụsụ na ndị na-achụ nta na ndị na'achịkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ n'echiche ụwa. Leipzig
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Bila (D32). Na Nurse, Derek na Philippson, Gérard (ed.), Asụsụ Bantu, 450-474. London & New York: Routledge.
Qimant language

Asụsụ Qimant bụ asụsụ dị oke egwu na-asụ nke obere obere na ndị agadi nke ndị Qemant na ugwu Etiopia, ọkachasị na mpaghara Chilga na mpaghara Semien Gondar n'etiti Gondar na Metemma.

## Nchịkọta
Asụsụ a bụ nke ngalaba ọdịda anyanwụ nke asụsụ Agaw ma ọ bụ Central Cushitic. Ndị ọzọ (na-apụ apụ) na ngalaba a bụ Qwara na Kayla. Yana asụsụ Kushitic ndị ọzọ niile, Qimant bụ nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Afro-Asia.

## Mgbasa ala na ọnọdụ mmekọrịta asụsụ
Qimant bụ asụsụ mbụ nke ndị Qemant nke mpaghara Semien Gondar na Etiopia. Ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị Qemant dị 172,327 na ngụkọ 1994, ọ bụ nanị ntakịrị ntakịrị n'ime ndị a na-asụ asụsụ a n'oge a. Ndị na-asụ asụsụ niile bi na mpaghara Chilga ma ọ bụ na mpaghara Lay Armachiho. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ mbụ bụ 1625, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ nke abụọ 3450. Ndị niile na-asụ asụsụ ahụ tolitere afọ 30, ihe karịrị 75% tolitela afọ 50. A naghị ebufekwa asụsụ ahụ n’ọgbọ ọzọ nke ndị na-asụ ya. Ọtụtụ ndị Qemant na-asụ Amharic. A naghị ekwu Qimant n'ihu ọha ma ọ bụ ọbụna n'ụlọ dịka ụzọ nkwurịta okwu ụbọchị ọzọ, mana ọ na-ebelata ka ọ bụrụ koodu nzuzo.

### Asụsụ / Ụdị dị iche iche
Ọ bụghị ihe doro anya ruo n'ókè Kayla, Qwara na Qimant bụ olumba nke otu asụsụ Western Agaw, ma ọ bụ bụ asụsụ dị iche na ibe ha.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

Enwere ike ijikọta okwu ndị na-aga n'ihu na-aga.

### Mkpụrụedemede

### Phonotactics
Usoro mkpụrụedemede kachasị na Qimant bụ CVC, nke na-egosi na a na-anabata ụyọkọ consonant naanị n'usoro okwu. N'okwu mbinye ego sitere na Amharic, a nwekwara ike ịnwe consonant-ụyọkọ n'ime syllable. A naghị anabata ụyọkọ ụdaume.

### Usoro ụdaolu
A na-agbajikwa ụyọkọ consonant nwere ihe karịrị consonants abụọ site na itinye ụdaume epenthetic /ɨ/. Usoro ụda olu ndị ọzọ bụ imi imi na iwepụta /ɡ/ na oke okwu.

### Prosody
A mụọbeghị ihe ndị dị na Qimant.

## Asụsụ

### Ọdịdị
Usoro nrịbama nkeonwe na-amata ọdịiche dị n'etiti onye mbụ otu na ọtụtụ, onye nke abụọ otu, nkwanye ùgwù na ọtụtụ, na onye nke atọ nwoke, nwanyị na ọtụtụ. N'ime ngwaa ahụ, a na-eji ụdị ngbanwe niile akara. Zelealem (2003, p. 192) na-akọwapụta ụdị akụkụ atọ dị iche iche na Qimant: Zuru oke, Na-ezughị okè na Na-aga n'ihu. Dị ka n'asụsụ Cushitic ndị ọzọ, ọnụọgụgụ nke mbụ ruo itoolu na-alaghachi na usoro quinary oge ochie, ebe mgbakwunye /-ta/ gbakwunyere na ọnụọgụ abụọ ruo anọ rụpụtara na ọnụọgụ isii ruo itoolu  [nkọwa dị mkpa] (2-4 bụ ọnụọgụ atọ, 6-9 bụ ọnụọgụ anọ).

### Nchịkọta okwu
Usoro bụ isi na Qimant, dị ka asụsụ Afro-Asia niile nke Etiopia, bụ SOV. Ọnụnọ nke usoro akara ikpe na-enye ohere maka iwu ndị ọzọ, ndị ọzọ a kapịrị ọnụ. N'okwu aha, aha isi na-eso ndị na-agbanwe ya. Otú ọ dị, ọnụọgụ nwekwara ike ịgbaso aha isi. Ụdị ahịrịokwu niile dị n'okpuru na-ebute ngwaa bụ isi nke ahịrịokwu ahụ.

## Okwu
N'ihi ọnwụ asụsụ na-abịa, ọtụtụ ihe nke okwu ejirila okwu Amharic dochie anya.

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Asụsụ Kemantney bụ* A Sociolinguistic and Grammatical Study of Language Replacement. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  "Nkọwa nkọwa nke Kemant," *Bulletin* of the School of Oriental and African Studies 38:316-350.
Qwara dialect

Qwara, ma ọ bụ Qwareña (a na-akpọ "Falasha" (Hwarasa) n'ebe ụfọdụ ochie), bụ otu n'ime olumba abụọ Agaw, nke otu obere ndị Beta Israel (ndị Juu Etiopia) nke mpaghara Qwara na-asụ. Ọ bụ olumba Qimant. Ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ nwụọ. Ọtụtụ ihe odide Falashan mbụ, na-eji mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Ge'ez, dị; N’oge na-adịbeghị anya, ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na ndị njem na-edekọ asụsụ ahụ, malite na Flad na 1866.

Asụsụ ahụ nọ na-adalata ná mmalite narị afọ nke 20, ebe ọ bụ na e ji Amharic dochie ya. N'oge a na-arụ ọrụ Solomon, e bugara ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na-ekwu okwu ya n'ụgbọelu gaa Israel, ebe ọ na-aga n'ihu na-efunahụ ya na Hibru.

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ Kayla

## Ihe odide

#  
# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Nkọwa dị mkpirikpi nke Falasha na Kamants na Abyssinia: tinyere nkọwa nke ihe ndị ahụ na okwu nke asụsụ Falasha. [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]
# [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] The Cost of Revival: the Role of Hebrew in Jewish Language Endangerment (Doctoral dissertation, Mahadum Yale).

* Asụsụ Ndị Nweta Nchebe Maka Hwarasa
* SIL Akụkọ Sociolinguist nke Kemant (Qimant) Asụsụ nke Ethiopia
* Map asụsụ Qwara
Òtù:All articles with unsourced statements
Binji language

**Binji** bụ asụsụ Bantu nke ọwụwa anyanwụ Democratic Republic of the Congo . Maho (2009) na-ekwu ná ọ dị nso ná Songe, nkè dịpụrụ adịpụ n'ime asụsụ Luban nkè Ahmed guzobere (1995).

N'akwụkwọ, á na-agbagwoju yá ányá ná Mbagani, nkè na-aga otú áhà ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Guthrie nyere koodu L.22 "Binji" màkà ihe Maho kpọrọ Mbagani; ná Maho, ezigbo Binji bụ L.231. Asụsụ abụọ ahụ kewara site na kilomita 200.

## Edensibia
Boma language

**Boma** bụ asụsụ Bantu nkè Democratic Republic of the Congo .

Maho (2009) weere Boma, B.821 Mpe (Kempee), ná B.822 Nunu dị ka asụsụ ndị nwere njikọ chiri anya. Mpe ná Nunu enweghị koodu ISO. (Gbanwee ọdịiche dị n'asụsụ Nunu nke Ngiri.)

## Edensibia
Saho language

**Asụsụ Saho** (Tigrinya: ሳሆኛ/ቋንቋ ሳሆ) bụ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic a na-asụ na Eritrea, Sudan na Ethiopia. Ọ bụ nke alaka Cushitic nke ezinụlọ ahụ.

## Nchịkọta
Saho bụ ndị Saho na-asụ ya. Na omenala, ha na-ebi n'ókèala Eritrea nke dị n'akụkụ mmiri Erafayle nke dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ, ndagwurugwu Laasi Ghedé na ndịda, na ugwu ndị Eritrea dị n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ (ógbè Shimejana dị n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ nke South- ma ọ bụ Debub mpaghara na ihe dị na ya. nke a na-akpọbu Akele Guzai region).

Mpaghara okwu a dị n'akụkụ obodo ndị ọzọ na-asụ Afro-Asiatic, ndị na-asụ Tigre n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ yana ndị na-asụ Afar n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ. Na Etiopia, Saho ma ọ bụ Assawort bụ isi na-asụ na mpaghara Tigray. O nwere ihe dị ka ndị na-ekwu okwu 200,000 na mkpokọta yana isi olumba anọ: Asawurta, Toroa Minifero, Eda, Tabota Hazu Hasabat-ara na Irob.

Saho nwere njikọ chiri anya na asụsụ Kushitic Afar nke ndị Afar na-asụ dị ka asụsụ ala nna, nke mere na ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-ewere asụsụ abụọ ahụ dị ka olumba nke otu "asụsụ Saho-Afar". Agbanyeghị, egosila na opekata mpe na akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ha abụọ enwere ike kewaa nke ọma.

### Usoro ide ihe
Saho nwere njikọ chiri anya na asụsụ Kushitic Afar nke ndị Afar na-asụ dị ka asụsụ ala nna, nke mere na ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-ewere asụsụ abụọ ahụ dị ka olumba nke otu "asụsụ Saho-Afar". Agbanyeghị, egosila na opekata mpe na akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu ha abụọ enwere ike kewaa nke ọma.

## Ihe edeturu

* World Atlas of Language Structures ozi gbasara Saho
* Saho -LLACAN (na map)
Basketo language

Asụsụ Basketo (nke a na-akpọ Basketto, Baskatta, Mesketo, Misketto, na Basketo-Dokka) bụ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic a na-asụ na **Basketto** pụrụ iche woreda nke Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region, nke bụ akụkụ nke Ethiopia. Ndị na-asụ ya na-akpọ asụsụ ahụ "Masketo", ebe ndị agbata obi ha na-akpọ ya "Basketo". O kwuru na o nwere asụsụ abụọ, "Doko" (Dokko) na "Dollo" (Dollo). E wezụga asụsụ nne ha, ụfọdụ na-asụkwa Melo, Oyda, Galila, ma ọ bụ Gofa.

## Bụkwa

* Ndị Basketo

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* Schütz, Julia (2006): "Kasusmarkierung im Basketo: Eine Analyse im Rahmen der Distribuierten Morphologie" na Gereon Müller & Jochen Trommer (ed.): *Nnyocha nke arụmụka* Nkọwa na Distributed Morphology, Linguistische Arbeitsberichte 84, Universität Leipzig, peeji nke 63ń75.
Saho–Afar languages

Asụsụ Saho–Afar (a makwaara dị ka Afar–Saho) bụ otu olumba-ụyọkọ nke ngalaba Cushitic nke ezinụlọ Afro-Asia. Ha gụnyere asụsụ Afar na Saho, nke a na-asụ na Djibouti, Eritrea na Etiopia.

Njirimara Saho-Afar gụnyere ihe ndị a:

* Nchebe nke fricatives pharyngeal /ħ/ na /ī/
* Usoro okwu na-agbanwe agbanwe nke isiokwu-ihe-okwu
* Nọmba pụrụ iche '7' na '8': Saho mavy, ba Valentine, Afar *maħina*, bahra.
* Ọdịiche nke ụda dị elu na nke dị ala; a na-ejikarị ụda dị elu dị ala na aha nwoke, dị ala na nke nwanyị, dịka báḍà 'nwa nwoke', *bàḍá* 'nwa nwanyị'.
* A na-ejikarị njikọ Cushitic (ihe dị ka 40% nke okwu), a na-etinyekwa ya na okwu ndị a gbazitere site na Semitic nke Etiopia.
* A na-eji prefix na-adịghị mma má- mee ihe ma na-eme ka ọ pụta ìhè ma na-ekwupụta. Oge gara aga nke ngwaa ndị jikọtara na-eji na mgbakwunye otu nsonaazụ na-adịghị mma maka ha abụọ, oge dị ugbu a enweghị nsonaazụ dị njọ kpamkpam.
Sebat Bet Gurage language

Otu n'ime asụsụ Gurage, Sebat Bet kewara n'ọtụtụ olumba. A na-ekwu nke ikpeazụ na mpaghara ọdịda anyanwụ Gurage:

* A na-asụ Chaha (Cheha) na Cheha ma bụrụ nke a kacha mụọ n'ime ụdị ndị a
* A na-asụ Ezha (Eza, Izha) na Ezhana Wolene
* A na-asụ Muher n'ugwu ndị dị n'ebe ugwu Cheha na Ezhana Wolene
* A na-asụ Geta na Geta
* Gumer (Gwemarra, Gwəmarə), nke a na-asụ na Gumer
* Inor (Enemor), nke a na-asụ na Enemorina Eaner

:* A na-ewere Endegegn na asụsụ Mesmes na-adịghịzi adị mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka subdialects nke Inor.

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Chaha (Gurage) Phonology" na Kaye, Alan S. (ed.): Phonologies nke Eshia na Africa 1. Ọdọ Mmiri Winona: Eisenbrauns. peeji nke 373ń397.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Chaha (Gurage) Morphology" na Kaye, Alan D. (ed.): Morphologies nke Africa na Eshia 1. Ọdọ Mmiri Winona: Eisenbrauns. peeji nke 4031047.
Seze language

Seze (ma ọ bụ Sezo) bụ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic Omotic, nke a na-asụ n'akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke Etiopia, na nso obodo Begi na dị n'ebe ugwu nke obodo ndị na-asụ Hozo.

## Ihe odide
Shakacho language

Shekkacho (nakwa Mocha, Shakacho, Shekka) bụ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic Omotic, a na-asụkarị na mpaghara Sheka na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Etiopia. Ya na Kafa nwere njikọ chiri anya.

## Akwụkwọ

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Asụsụ ụda nke otu Kafa na South-Western Ethiopia. *Africa* **28**: 135-147.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] A Dictionary of Moča (South-Western Ethiopia). Los Angeles: Mahadum nke California Press.

* World Atlas of Language Structures ozi gbasara Moca
Bambassi language

**Bambassi** (aha ala: Màwés Aasʼè) bụ asụsụ Omotic Afroasiatic a na-asụ na Etiopia gburugburu obodo Bambasi na Didessa na mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Asosa na mpaghara Benishangul-Gumuz . Otu asụsụ nne na nna bụ otu East Mao. Aha ndị ọzọ maka asụsụ ahụ bụ Bambeshi, Siggoyo, Amam, Fadiro, Northern Mao, Didessa na Kere.

A maghị ozi kachasị ugbu a banyere ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ Bambassi, dịka ọnụ ọgụgụ 2007 jikọtara asụsụ Mao ọnụ, n'agbanyeghị obere ọdịdị okwu. E depụtara ndị na-ekwu asụsụ nne 33,683 nke Maogna (na-ekpuchi Bambassi, Hozo na Seze).

## Ihe yiri ya
Bambassi nwere myirịta okwu okwu 31% na asụsụ Omotic ndị ọzọ.￼

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Bambassi nwere ụdaume ise: /a, e, i, o, u/.  Udaume ndị a ogologo ogologo, na Bambassi nwere iche ogologo ụdaume.

## Orthography

### Mkpụrụedemede na ụdaolu

* a - [a]
* aa - [aː]
* e - [e]
* ee - [eː]
* m - [i]
* ii - [iː]
* o - [ma ọ bụ]
* oo - [oː]
* u - [u]
* uu - [uː]
* á - ụda dị elu
* a - ụda dị n'etiti
* à - ụda dị ala

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* b - [b]
* c' - [t͡s']
* ch - [t͡ʃ]
* d - [d]
* g - [g]
* h - [h]
* k - [k]
* k' - [k']
* l - [l]
* m - [m]
* n - [n]
* ng - [ŋ]
* p - [p/f/o]
* p' - [p']
* r - [ɾ]
* s - [s]
* sh - [ʃ]
* t - [t]
* t' - [t']
* w - [w]
* y - [j]
* z - [z]

## Ihe edeturu


## Edensibia

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Akụkụ nke Northern Mao (Bambassi-Diddesa) phonology. "*Nchọpụta Asụsụ* **7**: 1-42.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Okwu *Ọdịdị* na Diddessa Mao. Mahadum Addis Ababa, MA thesis. Ịnweta weebụ
* Wedekind, Charlotte, Klaus Wedekind na Ralph Siebert. 2002. "Nnyocha nke atọ nke S.L.L.E. na asụsụ nke mpaghara Begi / Asosa. ", SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-056
Sheko language

Sheko bụ asụsụ Omotic nke ezinụlọ Afro-Asiatic a na-asụ na mpaghara dị n'etiti Tepi na Mizan Teferi na ọdịda anyanwụ Etiopia, na mpaghara Sheko na mpaghara Bench Maji. Ọnụọgụ 2007 depụtara ndị na-ekwu okwu 38,911; Ngụkọ 1998 depụtara ndị na-ekwu okwu 23,785, yana 13,611 kọwara dị ka ndị na-asụ otu asụsụ.

Sheko, tinyere asụsụ Dizi na Nayi, bụ akụkụ nke ụyọkọ asụsụ a na-akpọ "Maji" ma ọ bụ "Dizoid".

Asụsụ a ama ama maka consonants retroflex ya (Aklilu Yilma 1988), njiri mara mma nke ya na Dizi nwere njikọ chiri anya na nso (mana enweghị njikọ chiri anya) Bench (Breeze 1988)

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Ewezuga ụdaume retroflex ndị a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu, ụdaume nke Sheko nwere ngụkọta ụdaume 28, ụdaume ise dị ogologo na ụdaume isii dị mkpirikpi, gbakwunyere ọkwa ụdaume anọ.

Hellenthal (2010, p. 45) depụtara ụdaume ndị a nke Sheko:

N'adịghị ka asụsụ Dizoid ndị ọzọ, Sheko enweghị ọdịiche dị n'etiti // na //. A naghị ejikarị mkpụrụedemede eme ihe, ma enwere syllabic nasal //

### Mkpụrụedemede
Hllenthl (2010, p. 56) depụtara ụdame gologo na mkprikpi nke Sheko: /i/, //, /e/, // //, /a/, //, /u/, //, /o/, //.

Sheko bụ otu n'ime asụsụ ole na ole n'Africa nke nwere ọkwa ụda ụda anọ dị iche iche. Ụda na-eme ka ọdịiche dị n'ihe ọ pụtara ma na lexicon ma na ụtọ asụsụ, ọkachasị iji mee ka ndị mmadụ dị iche na usoro nnọchiaha.

Ethnologue depụtara ihe ndị na-esonụ: "SOV; postpositions; genitives, articles, adjectives, numerals, ndị ikwu mgbe isi aha gasịrị; ajụjụ okwu mbido; 1 prefix, 5 suffixes; usoro okwu na-eme ka ndị mmadụ, ihe, ihe ndị na'apụtaghị ìhè; affixes na-egosi okwu nke ahịrịokwu aha; ngwaa affixes akara onye, ọnụ ọgụgụ, okike nke isiokwu; passive, causatives, comparatives"

## Ihe odide

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Ihe ndị na-ekwu okwu nke Gimira na Dizi. "  Na Marianne Bechhaus-Gerst na Fritz Serzisko (ed.), Cushitic ŌOmotic: akwụkwọ sitere na International Symposium on Cushittic and Omotic languages, Cologne, January 69, 1986, 473[[487. Hamburg: Helmut Buske Verlag.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Handout na Sheko isiokwu clitics. nbudata
*  
*  
* Yilma, Aklilu, Ralph Siebert na Kati Siebert. 2002. "Nnyocha asụsụ nke asụsụ Omotic Sheko na Yem. "  SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2002-053.
Shinasha language

Shinasha, makwaara dị ka Boro (Borna, Bworo) bụ asụsụ North Omotic nke ndị Shinasha na-asụ na ọdịda anyanwụ Etiopia. Ndị na-asụ ya bi na mpaghara gbasasịrị n'ebe ugwu nke osimiri Abay: na mpaghara Dangur, Bullen, Dibate na Wenbera, nke bụ akụkụ nke mpaghara Benishangul-Gumuz.

## Ihe odide

* Lamberti, Marcello (1993) Die Shinassha-Sprache Materialien zum Boro. Heidelberg Mahadum C. Winter.

## Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

* Franz Rottland (1990), "A sketch of Shinasha morphology", Omotic Language Studies, Richard Hayward (editor), pp. 185209. London: SOAS.
* Idar Bergfjord (2013), Issues in Borna Phonology, MA thesis, Mahadum nke Oslo

* World Atlas of Language Structures ozi gbasara Shinassha
* Ebe nrụọrụ weebụ nke ndị na-asụ asụsụ na-elekọta, na akwụkwọ ndị e bipụtara, gụnyere akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu n'ịntanetị
Budu language

Budu bụ asụsụ Bantu nkè ndị **Budu** na-asụ ná Wamba Territory ná Orientale Province nkè Democratic Republic of the Congo. orthography yá na-eji mkpụrụedemede pụrụ iche ɨ, ʉ, ɛ na ɔ, yá nà mkpụrụedemede na-agbanwe agbanwe colon ꞉ na akara nhata  31:3 màkà ụda ụtọ asụsụ, na-egosi ógè gàrà aga ná nkè ga-abịa n'ọdịnihu, n'otu n'otu.

Á na-akpọ asụsụ á dịgasị ichè ichè **Matta** mà na-asụ yá n'ebe ùgwù na ndịda Maboma.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* [z] na-apụta naanị n'asụsụ Koya nke Budu.
* /h/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka [ɦ] ma ọ bụ [h] na-enweghị olu n'etiti ndị ọkà okwu dị iche iche.
* /ɗ/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka [l] ma ọ bụ tap [ɾ] na ọdịiche n'efu.

### Mkpụrụedemede

## Ihe edeturu
Hendo

Okwu "**Hendo**" nwere ike ịrụ aka na ihe ndị a:

* Aha njirimara nke ndị mmadụ dị iche iche, nwere aha nna "Henderson", gụnyere ndị a:
** Dan Henderson (amụrụ n'afọ 1970), onye America na-eme egwuregwu ọgụ, na onye na-agba mgba Olympic
** Dean Henderson (amụrụ n'afọ 1997), onye England na-edebe goolu bọọlụ
** Jordan Henderson (amụrụ n'afọ 1990), onye bọọlụ bọọlụ England
* Otu oriri bachelorette na UK, Irish, & Canadian vernacular, a.k.a. "Ndị Henry na-eme"
* Asụsụ Hendo, asụsụ Bantu nke sitere na mpaghara Dekese na Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Hendo Hover, ụlọ ọrụ hoverboard nke America
Hend

**Hend** nwere ike ịrụtụ aka na

* Hend (aha)
* Louis Forniquet Henderson (1853 Xi1942), onye America na-ahụ maka ihe ọkụkụ nke a na-akpọ L.F.Hend.
* Hend Khaleh Rural District na Iran
* Hend Khaleh, obodo nta dị na Iran
* Fariz Hend, obodo nta dị na Iran
* Bid Hend, Isfahan, obodo nta dị na Iran
Budza language

**Budza** mà ọ bụ **Buja** (Embudja, Limbudza) bụ asụsụ Bantu nkè Democratic Republic of Congo .

E nwèrèe ọtụtụ obere asụsụ ndị agbata obi nkè Maho (2009) depụtara dị kà ndị nwèrè njikọ chiri anya: C371 Tembo (*Motembo* ma ọ bụ *Litembo* na-eme kà Kitembo dị iche), C372 Kunda na-eme ihe gbasara Chikunda), C373 Gbuta (*Egbuta*) na C374 Babale. Naanị Litembo, nkè nwèrè ndị ọkà okwu 5,000, ka e kenyere koodu ISO; *Glottolog* na-emeso yá ná Likunda dị kà ọtụ asụsụ.

## Edensibia
Hendo language

**Hendo**, nke a makwaara dịka **Songomeno**, bụ asụsụ Bantu na mpaghara Dekese (ógbè Kasai), Democratic Republic of the Congo .

## Ihe odide
Asụsụ Mbala

**Mbala** (Gimbala, Rumbala) bụ asụsụ Bantu nke Congo. A na-asụ ya nke ọma n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ógbè dị gburugburu obodo Kitwit.

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Mbaka

Asụsụ Mbaka ma ọ bụ **Bwaka**, ***Ngbaka Ma'bo*** (nke akpọkwara Gbaka, Ma'bo, Ngbwaka, Ngbak Limba) bụ asụsụ Ubangian nke ndị **Mbaka** nke CAR na Congo na-asụ.

O doghị anya etu ụdị Gilima dị iche, ma ọ bụ ma a ga-ewere ya dị ka asụsụ dị iche. O nwere koodu ISO 639-3 nke ya.

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Bench

We 

Asụsụ Bench bụkwa asụsụ Northern Omotic nke "Gimojan" subgroup, nke ihe dị ka mmadụ 174,000 na-asụ (na 1998) na mpaghara **Bench** Maji nke Southern Nations, Nationalities, na Peoples Region, na ndịda Etiopia, gburugburu obodo Mizan Teferi na Shewa Gimira. N'akwụkwọ edemede nke afọ 2006, Christian Rapold kọwara ụdị Bench atọ (Benchnon, Shenon, na Mernon) dị ka "...mutually comprensible...varieties of one and the same language". Bench bụ asụsụ nna nna nke ndị Bench.

Mana n'ụzọ dị iche na ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ dị n'Africa, Bench nwere ụdaume retroflex. Asụsụ ahụ dịkwa ịrịba ama n'ihi na o nwere ụda ụda ụda isii, otu n'ime asụsụ ole na ole n'ụwa nwere ọtụtụ. Bench nwere ụdị a na-afụ ụfụ nke ndị ọkà okwu nwoke na-eji, nke na-enye ohere nkwurịta okwu n'ebe dị anya karịa Bench a na-ekwu. Enwere ike ịmepụta ụda ahụ site na iji egbugbere ọnụ ma ọ bụ mee ya site na oghere e ji aka abụọ mepụta. Tụkwasị na nke a, enwere ike ịkọwa ụdị asụsụ a site na krar nwere eriri ise.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Mkpụrụ ụdaume nke Bench bụ / e a o u/.

E nwere ụda ụda isii: ụda ọkwa ise (nke nọmba 1 ruo 5 n'akwụkwọ, ebe 1 bụ nke kachasị ala) na otu ụda na-arị elu 23 /ń/. A na-ahụ ụda kachasị elu mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ụda dị elu nke 45 [[[]. Na ụdaume *o*, ha bụ /ő ó ó ó ǒ/

Ihe ndị a niile nwekwara ike ịpụt palatalized, mana naanị tupu /a/, na-atụ aro nyocha ọzọ nke ụdaume nke isii //.  A na-akọ na ụdaume labalized maka [p, b, s, ɡ,] na , mana ọnọdụ ụdaume ha edoghị anya; ha na-apụta naanị mgbe /i/ gasịrị.

Maka honeme /p/ mmezu nke  na [f] dị n'efu; // nwere allophone  n'ihu ụdaume azụ.

Ọdịdị mkpụrụedemede bụ (C)V(C)(C) + ụda ma ọ bụ (C" N (C), ebe C na-anọchite anya ụdaume ọ bụla, V ụdaume ọ bụ, N ọ bụla imi, na brackets ihe nhọrọ.  CC clusers were ihe na-aga n'ihu na-esote plosive, fricative, ma ọ bụ affricate; na CCC clusters, ụdaume mbụ ga-abụ otu ne /r/ /j/ /m/ /p/ ma ọ bụ //, nke abụọ ma ọ bụ/ ma ọ bụrụ /n/ ma ọ bụghị fricative na-enweghị olu, na nke atọ /t/ ma ọ dị ka /k/.

## Asụsụ

#### Personal pronouns
Budya language

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**Budya** bụ obere asụsụ Bantu. E depụtara yá n'etiti asụsụ Luban ná Maho (2009).

Shona (Korekore) nwèrè olumba nkè otú áhà (Budya / Budjga) ná Zimbabwe.

## Edensibia
Kembo

**Kembo** nwere ike ịrụtụ aka na:

* Jirès Kembo Ekoko (amụrụ n'afọ 1988), onye na-agba bọọlụ lara ezumike nká
* Kembo Uba Kembo (1947), onye na-agba bọọlụ n'etiti etiti Congo
* Paul Kipkosgei Kembo (amụrụ n'afọ 1990), onye na-agba ọsọ ogologo oge, nke Turkey nke sitere na Kenya
* Richard Kembo, onye bọọlụ rugby league nke Papua New Guinea
* Kembo Kibato (amụrụ n'afọ 2000), onye Canada na-agba bọọlụ
* Kembo Mohadi (amụrụ n'afọ 1949), onye bụbu osote onye isi ala nke Zimbabwe
Aiki language

**Aiki** bụ asụsụ Maban nke Chad. O nwere olumba abụọ, **Runga** na **Kibet**, nke dị iche iche nke oma ka a ga-ewere di ka asusu di  iche iche. A na-asụ Kibet (Kibeit, Kibeet, Kabentang) na Chad, ebe Runga (Roungo) kewara n'etiti Chad na CAR. Ayki (Aykindang) bụ aha eji eme ihe na CAR.

Olumba Kibet nwere ike ịbụ Dagal (Dagel, Daggal) na Muru (Murru, Muro, Mourro); Otú ọ dị, a maghị ha nke ọma, Blench (2012) depụtara ha iche.

Iju Mmiri na ejuputa Mpaghara Aiki ọkara afọ.

## Ntuaka
Asụsụ Mbandja

**Mbandja** (Banja, Mbanza) bụ asụsụ kachasị ukwu n'asụsụ Banda. E nwere ndị ọkà okwu 350,000 na DRC, 10,000 na Republic of Congo, na ọnụ ọgụgụ a na-amaghị ama na CAR.

## Ọmụmụ nke ụdaolu

### Mgbochiume

* [ŋ] na-emekarị dịka ụda nke /n/, mgbe ọ na-ebute mgbochiume velar.

### Ụdaume

## Edensibia
Asusu Siri

**Siri** (Sirawa) bụ asụsụ ndi Afro-Asiatic dị n'ihe ize ndụ nke ukwuu nke a na-asụ na Bauchi Steeti.

## Ihe edeturu
Majera language

Majera (**Mazera** [asụsụ nke a?]) bụ obere asụsụ Afro-Asia nke Chad na Cameroon.

A na-asụ Majéra na gburugburu Majéra na mpaghara Zina (Ngalaba Logone-et-Chari, Far North Region). Na 1980s, enwere ndị na-ekwu okwu 5,000 ma ọ bụ ntakịrị ntakịrị na Cameroon (ALCAM 1984). A na-asụkwa ya na Chad.
Asusu Suri

Suri (Churi, Dhuri, **Shuri**, Shuro), bụ asụsụ Surmic a na-asụ na mpaghara West Omo nke South West Ethiopia Peoples' Region di na Ethiopia, ruo n'ókè South Sudan site na Suri. Asụsụ ahụ nwere ihe karịrị pace to iri asato yiri nke Mursi. A na-akpọkarị asụsụ ahụ ụdị aha ya ọzọ, Surma, nke a na-akpọ alaka **Surmic** nke Eastern Sudanic, mana a na-ejikarị ụdị ahụ eme ihe maka asụsụ atọ ndị Surma na-asụ: Suri, Mursi, na Me'en.

A na-asụ Suri n'asụsụ abụọ site na mba abụọ, Tirma (Tirmaga, Cirma, Dirma, Terema, Terna, Tid, Tirima, Tirmagi) ya na Chai (Caci, Cai).

## Ihe odide

## Akwụkwọ

* Abbink, Jon, Michael Bryant & Daniel Bambu. 2013. Suri *[http://www.koeppe.de/titel_details.php?id=691 Orature]*: Nkwupụta maka Society, Asụsụ na Omenala Okwu nke Ndị Suri (Southwest Ethiopia). Cologne: R. Köppe Publishers, 203 peeji..
* Bryant, Mike na Bargola Olekibo, ndị nchịkọta. 1997. *Surichen ko aranjacan ko golacan* (SurińEnglish Amirc dictionary). 2nd ed. S.l.: Surma Translation Project.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Akụkụ nke Tirmaga Grammar*. Akwụkwọ edemede MA. Mahadum Texas, Arlington.
* Nke ikpeazụ, Marco na Deborah Lucassen. 1998. "A Grammatical Sketch on Chai, a Southeastern Surmic Language". na: Dimmendaal, Gerrit and Marco Last (eds.) *Asụsụ na Ọdịbendị Surmic*. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, Köln. peeji nke 375ʹ436.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Ịtọpụ Asụsụ Abụọ A Na-akpọ 'Suri'". *Akwụkwọ ndị na-ede mgbe ụfọdụ na ọmụmụ asụsụ Sudanese* **7**: 49-69.
* Nke ikpeazụ, Marco na Deborah Lucassen. 1998. "Ime ihe ike na okwu ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị n'etiti Chai Suri". na: Dimmendaal, Gerrit na Marco Last (ed.) *Asụsụ na Ọdịbendị Surmic*. Rüdiger Köppe Verlag, Köln. peeji nke 323.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Ọrụ Asụsụ Ndị Nweta - Suri
* Ndị Surma
* Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu Suri dị na Global Lexicostatistical Database
Makaa language

Makaa (Maka), ma ọ bụ South Makaa, bụ asụsụ Bantu nke Cameroon. Asụsụ ọzọ ndị Makaa na-asụ, North Makaa adịghị aghọta ya.

## Ụdị dị iche iche
Akụkụ etiti mpaghara Meka nwere olumba etiti atọ Bésáp, Bébánde na Mbwas. Byáp dị n'ebe ugwu yana Békol dị na ndịda bụ olumba mpaghara mpaghara karịa. Byáp na Asón ekwesịghị inwe mgbagwoju anya na Northern Maka.

Meka na-ekpuchi akụkụ ugwu niile nke ngalaba Haut-Nyong (East Region). Bébánde kpuchiri akụkụ mgbago ugwu nke Abong-Mbang yana kwa obodo Bebeng. Mbwas kpuchiri ọtụtụ mpaghara Doumé (Mbouang na obodo Doumatang), na Bésáp na-ekpuchikwa ugwu Nguélémendouka.

Byap occupies the eastern part of Diang commune and Bélabo commune (Lom-et-Djerem department, Eastern Region), west of Bertoua. It extends into the Central and Southern Regions in Nyong-et-Mfoumou (in Akonolinga and Endom communes) and Dja-et-Lobo (in Bengbis and Zoétélé communes) departments.

E nwere ndị ọkà okwu 89,500.

## Usoro ide ihe

A na-egosi ụdaume imi site na iji cedilla ‹ ɛ̧, ɔ̧ ›. 
A na-egosi ụdaolu site na iji akara ngosi:

* ụda dị elu na ụda olu dị elu;
* ụda dị elu na-agbadata na ụda olu gburugburu;
* ụda dị ala na-arị elu na caron;
* ụda dị ala na-enweghị ụda olu.
Malgbe language

Malgbe bụ asụsụ Afro-Asia a na-asụ na ugwu Cameroon na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Chad. Olumba bụ Douguia, Dro, Malgbe, Mara, na Walia

A na-asụ Malgbe na obodo Goulfey yana ndịda na Chari (ngalaba Logone-et-Chari, mpaghara Far North). Ọ metụtara Afade, Mser, Lagwan, Maslam, na Mpade. A na-asụkwa Malgbe na Chad. A na-eme atụmatụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị mmadụ ruru puku iri atọ na isii.

## Ihe edeturu
Mambila language

**Mambila** bụ usoro asụsụ na-agbasa na Naịjirịa na Cameroon. Ọ bụ otu n'ime asụsụ Mambiloid, alaka nke BenueʹCongo.

Olumba ndị a ma ama bụ Barup, Bang, Dorofi, Gembu, Hainari, Kabri, Mayo Ndaga, Mbamnga, Tamien, Warwar (na Nigeria); Sunu Torbi (Torbi), Ju Naare (Gembu), na Cameroon, Ju Ba na Langa. Mambila nwere ọtụtụ aha, nke, ewezuga aha olumba, gụnyere Bea, Ble, Juli, Lagubi, Nor, Nor Tagbo, Tongbo, na mkpoputa Mabila, Mambere, Mambilla.

Ndị na Tep na ndị na-asụ ụdị Mambila ndị ọzọ na-ewerekarị Tep dị ka olumba, mana ọ bụ ezie na ndị na-asụ Tep bụ agbụrụ Mambila, okwu ha anaghị aghọta ụdị ndị ọzọ. N'ihe gbasara nhazi asụsụ ọ nwere ike ịka mma ịkpọ ya asụsụ Mambiloid dị iche. Lee ntụaka Connell n'okpuru

Ndị na-eji ụrọ eme ihe n'etiti ndị Mambila na-asụ Somyev, asụsụ Mambiloid yiri ya, ọ bụ ezie na nke a fọrọ nke nta ka ọ kwụsị.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụedemede

* A pụkwara ịnụ /i/ dị ka [ɪ] n'ọnọdụ dị iche iche.

E nwere ihe omume nke njikọta ụdaume fricativized dị nso mgbe ọtụtụ ụdaume bu ụzọ. Alveolo-palatal fricative na ụdaume /i, ɨ/ dị ka [Xi, Xi], na ụda ezé egbugbere ọnụ na /ɯ/ dị ka. Nanị ụdaume /b, f, t, d, n, l, ʃ, k/ na-anụ ụdaume fricativized [bī, ʃī, fv, tv, dv, nv, lv, kv].

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* /d/ nwere ike ịnwe allophones nke [ɾ, r, ɺ], n'etiti ndị ọkà okwu dị iche iche. /k/ nwere ike ịnwe allophone nke [x] mgbe ọ na-eme na ọnọdụ intervocalic ma ọ bụ post-vocalic.

## Ihe odide

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Asụsụ ndị na-anwụ anwụ nke ókèala Nigeria-Cameroon. Na Asụsụ Ndị Na-apụ n'anya n'Africa, nke M. Brenzinger dezigharịrị. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe nke Mambiloid. Na Proceedings of WOCAL97 (Second World Congress of African Linguistics), nke E. Wolff dezigharịrị. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] Language Ecology na Language Endangerment: ihe mere na Nigeria-Cameroon Borderland. Journal of West African Languages XXXVII (1):1X11.
* Connell, Bruce, Zeitlyn, David, Griffiths, Sascha, Hayward, Laura na Marieke Martin. 2021. "Language ecology, language endangerment, and relict languages: Case studies from Adamawa (Cameroon-Nigeria)" Open Linguistics 7(1): 244-300.
Asusu Southern Oromo

Southern Oromo, maọbụ Afaan Oromoo (site na otu n'ime asusu olumba ya), bụ ụdị **asụsụ** Oromo dị iche iche nke **ndị** Borana na-asụ na ndịda Etiopia na n'ebe ugwu Kenya. Günther Schlee kwukwara na ọ bụ asụsụ ala nke ọtụtụ ndị yiri ya, dị ka Sakuye.

Asụsụ ndị a bụ Borana n'onwe ya (Boran, Borena), ikekwe Arsi (Arussi, Arusi) na Guji (Gujji, Jemjem) na Etiopia ya na na Kenya, Karayu, Salale (Selale), Gabra (Gabbra, Gebra) na ikekwe Orma na Waata.

Asụsụ a bụ n'ógbè ma bụrụ nke a maara dị ka Afaan Oromoo("Asụsụ Oromo").

## Ihe odide
Berta language

**Asụsụ Berta** n'onwe ya, *nke a na-akpọ kwa Gebeto*, bụ nke ndị *Berta* (nke a na-akpọkwa Bertha, Barta, Burta) na Sudan na Ethiopia na-asụ.

Asụsụ Berta atọ, Gebeto, Fadashi na Undu, a na-ewerekarị ha dị ka olumba nke otu asụsụ.  Berta n'onwe ya gụnyere olumba Bake, Dabuso, Gebeto, Mayu, na Shuru; aha olumba *Gebeto* nwere ike ịgbasa na Berta niile.

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu

* Enwekwara ike ịnụ ụda olu /b, d, ɡ/ dị ka ụda olu [p, t, k] na ọdịiche n'efu, okwu-na mbụ ma ọ bụ okwu-n'ikpeazụ.
* A glottal stop [ʔ] nke a na-emekarị n'etiti ụdaume, a pụkwara ịnụ ya tupu ụdaume mmalite okwu.
* nwekwara iku nkwụsị imi nwere ike ịpụta morpheme-na mbido dị ka [mb, nd, ŋɡ,表演ʼ].
* A na-anụ /ŋ/ dị ka [ɲ] mgbe ọ na-esote ụdaume n'ihu /i/ ma ọ bụ /e/.
* A na-anụ /kʼ/ dị ka [cʼ] mgbe ọ na-esote ụdaume ihu.
* /ɡ/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka ụda olu [ɟ] ma ọ bụ dị ka ụdaolu na-enweghị ụda [c] mgbe ọ na-ebute ụdaume n'ihu.
* /h/ na ọnọdụ ikpeazụ okwu nwere ike ịnụ dị ka fricative [x].
* /s, θ/ nwere ike mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ụda olu [z, ð] na ụda olu ma ọ bụ imi.

### Mkpụrụedemede

* Ọ bụrụ na ụdaume na-adịghị emechi emechi, /ɛ/ ma ọ bụ /ɔ/, dị n'akụkụ ụdaume mechiri emechi dị ka /i/ ma ọ dị ka /u/ n'ime ụdaume, a na-anụ ha dị ka ndị mechiri emechiri emechi [e, o].
Mandi language

**Asụsụ Mandi**, Nomaande (ma ọ bụ Lemande), bụ asụsụ ndịda Bantoid nke Cameroon.

## Ihe odide
Kingunge Ngombale–Mwiru

**Kingunge Ngombaleño** (30 Mee 1930 2 Febụwarị 2018) bụ ónyé ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Tanzania, Ónyé nwụrụ ná 2 Febụwarị 2018.

Á na-ewere Kingunge dị kà ọtụ n'ime ndị enyi na-atachi obi ná àjà màkà nwèrè onwé nkè Tanganyika (Tanzania Mainland), United Republic of Tanzania.

Kingunge bụ ónyé ọtú na-arụsi ọrụ ike nà ónyé ndú ná Tanganyika African National Union (Tanu), otú ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nkè lụrụ ọgụ mà nweta nnwere onwé nkè Tanganyika ná Disemba 9, 1961, Kingunge sokwa n'etiti ndị ịsị ná usoro nke isonyere Tanu ná Afro Shiraz Party (ASP) nkè Zanzibar iji guzobe Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) na Febụwarị 5, 1977.

N'echiche, Kingunge bụ onye Kọmunist nwèrè ịnụ ọkụ n'obi mà nọgide na-ekwesị ntụkwasị obi ná echiche ahụ rụọ mgbe ọ nwụrụ. Kingunge bụ Marxian (Marxian Class Theory), ná nsonaazụ nkè ná ọ kwenyeghị n'okpukpe, ọ bụ ezie ná ọ na-akwanyere okpukpe niile ùgwù.

Kingunge rụrụ ọrụ ogologo oge ná Gọọmentị Tanzania ná Tanu tupu CCM, otú n'ime ìhè nnọchianya nkè Kingunge bụ ìhè nlereanya yá nkè ịṅụ iyi n'ejighị akwụkwọ Holly ọ bụla, ma Bible mà ọ bụ kor'an. Site n'oge ruo n'oge, Kingunge ṅụrụ iyi site n'iji Íwú Tanzania maka ọkwa gọọmentị niile ọ jere ozi.

[1]

## Ọrụ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị
Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ dị kà onyé ịsị nkè CCM gasịrị, NgombaleʹMwiru hapụrụ pati ahụ ná mberede ná 2015.

## Edensibia
Amdang language

Amdang (nakwa **Biltine**; autonym: sìmí **amdangtí**) bụ asụsụ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Fur, nke mebere alaka ezinụlọ asụsụ Nilo-Saharan.  A na-asụkarị ya na Chad, n'ebe ugwu nke obodo Biltine, na mgbe ụfọdụ n'ebe ndị ọzọ na mpaghara Ouaddaï. E nwekwara obere obodo ndi na asu asusu Darfur di nso na Woda'a na Fafa, na Kordofan na mpaghara Abu Daza na Magrur n'ebe ugwu Bara. Ọtụtụ n'ime agbụrụ ahụ na-asụ Arabic ugbu a.

A na-akpọkwa asụsụ ahụ Mimi, Mima ma ọ bụ Biltine; Otú ọ dị, a na-etinyekwa aha "Mimi", na asụsụ Maban abụọ na-adịghịzi adị n'ógbè ahụ; Mimi nke Nachtigal na Mimi nke Decorse.

Wolf (2010) na-enye data okwu maka asụsụ Kouchane, Sounta, Yaouada, na Tere nke Amdang.

## Akwụkwọ

* Paul Doornbos & M. Lionel Bender. 1983. "Asụsụ nke Wadai-Darfur", na ed. M. Lionel Bender, Nilo-Saharan Language Studies, African Studies Center, Michigan State University
* Joseph Greenberg, 1972.  "Na njirimara nke Mimi nke Jungraithmayr", Africana Marburgensia 5.2: 45-49.  Atụrụ, The Hague.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  "Asụsụ Mimi ole dị ebe ahụ?", Africana Marburgensia 4.2: 62-69.
* H. MacMichael 1967 (1922).  *Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ndị Arab na Sudan*.  Barnes na Noble, New York.
* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]  *Ógbè Chad na Ouadai*  Leroux, Paris
* Maazị Gaudefroy-Demombynes, 1907.  Akwụkwọ banyere Asụsụ nke OubanguińChari, Actes nke XIVe Congress of Orientalists (Algiers 1905).  Paris

*  (Wiktionary)
Mangbai language

Na Cameroon, a na-asụ Mambay n'akụkụ Osimiri Mayo-Kebi dị nso n'ókè Chadian, na mpaghara Djaloumé (njedebe n'ebe ugwu nke Bibemi commune, Bénoué ngalaba), bụ ebe a na-akpọ Hosséré Mambay. A na-asụkwa ya na oke ndịda ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Figuil commune, ngalaba Mayo-Louti. Na Cameroon na Chad, e nwere ngụkọta nke ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ asụsụ 2,500, ndị ọtụtụ n'ime ha na-asụkwa Mundang.

## Ihe odide
Asụsụ Mbole

**Mbole** bụ asụsụ Bantu nke Democratic Republic of the Congo .
Ọ bụ ndị Mbole na-asụ ya, nke nwere ihe dịka 100,000 ka ọ na-erule 1971 bi na Tshopo District, ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke Kisangani na Democratic Republic of the Congo.

## Edensibia
Gy

GY, Gy, ma ọ bụ **gy, n**were ike ịpụta:

## Ngụkọta nke nha

* Gray (unit) (Gy), SI unit nke radiation absorbed
* Giga-afọ, 1,000,000,000 afọ (na-abụghị SI)
* Afọ ụyọkọ kpakpando, oge ọ na-ewe maka usoro anyanwụ, iji gbaa etiti ụyọkọ ụyọkọ gburugburu

## Ndị mmadụ

* Pierre Gy (1924 2015), onye France na-emepụta kemịkal na ọnụ ọgụgụ
* Garin de Gy, narị afọ nke 14 Onye isi Katọlik nke Order of Preachers

## Ebe ndị a na-anọ

* Gy, Switzerland, obodo nta dị na Geneva canton
* Guyana (koodu mba ISO: GY)
** .gy, ngalaba kachasị elu nke koodu mba (ccTLD) maka Guyana
* GY postcode mpaghara maka Guernsey, Alderney na Sark
* Gy, Haute-Saône, *obodo* dị na Haute- Saône nke France
* Great Yarmouth, United Kingdom
* Grimsby, United Kingdom

## Njem

* GY, injin piston nke Mazda
* Ụgbọelu Gabon (IATA koodu: GY)
* Tri-MG Intra Asia Airlines IATA koodu

## Ojiji ndị ọzọ

* Gy nke Hungary, mkpụrụedemede
* gy, a digraph na Tibetan pinyin transliteration system
* GenCorp (GY NYSE akara)
* Green Youth (disambiguation), otu n'ime nku abụọ nke ndị ntorobịa Green party
* Mkpụrụ osisi na-acha odo odo, ọrịa osisi
* Gy, interface na-akwụ ụgwọ n'ịntanetị na netwọk GPRS
Mankon language

Mankon bụ asụsụ Grassfields a na-asụ na Cameroon. Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Mundum na Mendankwe-Nkwen. Ya na Mundum, a na-akpọ ya Ngemba. Enwere ọtụtụ olumba dị iche iche: Mankunge (Ngemba), Nsongwa (Songwa, Bangwa), Shomba (Chomba, Bamechom), Mbutu (Bambutu), Njong (Banjong), Bagangu (Akum) na Alatening.
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Togh_04.jpg/220px-Togh_04.jpg|thumb|Uwe ọdịnala a na-akpọ Togho

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*  echekwara na Kaipuleohone
Ngoshie language

**Ngoshie** bụ asụsụ Southern Bantoid nkè Cameroon.

## Njikọ mpụga

* George W Gregg - A sociolinguistic survey (RA/RTT) of Ngie and Ngishe (Momo Division, North West Province, Republic of Cameroon)

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Mbọ (Mba Congo)

**Asụsụ Mbo** (ma ọ bụ Imbo, Kimbo) bụ nke ndị Mbo na mba  Democratic Republic of the Congo na-asụ. N'afọ 1994, e nwere ihe dịka ndị ọkà okwu 11,000. Ọ dị ka asụsụ ndị Ndaka na Budu, Vanuma na Nyali.

## Edensibia
Manenguba languages

**Asụsụ Manenguba**, nke a makwaara dị ka Mbo cluster, bụ otu asụsụ Bantu ndị nwere njikọ chiri anya nke a na-asụ na gburugburu ugwu Manenguba na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Cameroon.

Ndị na-asụ asụsụ Manenguba dị iche iche bụ ndị agbụrụ ma ọ bụ mba ndị a: Mienge, Mbo, Basossi, Bakossi, Elung, Nninong, Mousmenam, Manengouba, Bareko, Manehas, Bakaka, Balondo, Babong na Bafun. E mere atụmatụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-asụ asụsụ Manenguba n'afọ 1984 dị ihe dị ka mmadụ 230,000.

Dịka Hedinger (1984a) siri kwuo, enwere opekata mpe asụsụ na olumba Manenguba iri abụọ na atọ. Nke kacha mara nke ọma na ndị a, na nke mbụ e dere ụtọ asụsụ bụ Akoose, nke a na-asụ n’ebe sara mbara n’akụkụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ugwu ahụ.

## Aha asụsụ
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Mont_Man%C3%A9goumba_a_Nkongsamba.jpg/350px-Mont_Man%C3%A9goumba_a_Nkongsamba.jpg|áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|350x350px|Ugwu Manenguba (nke bụbu ugwu na-agbọpụta ọkụ) nke a hụrụ site na Nkongsamba n'akụkụ ọwụwa anyanwụ
Okwu ahụ bụ "Mbo Cluster" bụ nke Malcolm Guthrie ji mee ihe na 1953, na-eso G. Tessmann jiri okwu ahụ n'ozuzu ya na 1932. Otú ọ dị, aha Mbo na-emetụta naanị olumba dị n'ebe ugwu na ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ nke mpaghara ahụ na Ndị na-ekwu okwu Manenguba si mpaghara ndị ọzọ na-emegide ya. Ya mere ọ dị ka enweghị afọ ojuju dị ka aha maka asụsụ niile.

Aha ọzọ, "Ngoe", bụ Erhardt Voeltz c.1975 tụpụtara ya, n'aha aha nna ochie nke ụfọdụ agbụrụ. Otú ọ dị, aha a anabatabeghịkwa aha a, ebe ọ bụ na ọ bụghị ebo Manenguba nile na-ewere ya dị ka nna nna ha; karịsịa, ndị Mbo na-ewere na ha sitere na Mbo.

## Asụsụ
Nnyocha lexico-statistical nke onye ọkà mmụta asụsụ Switzerland bụ Robert Hedinger (1984a) gosipụtara na enwere ike ịhazi asụsụ dị iche iche dị ka ndị a:
Manza language

Manza (Mānzā, Mandja) bụ asụsụ Ubangian nke ndị Mandja nke Central African Republic na-asụ. Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Ngbaka na ọ nwere ike bụrụ nke a na-aghọta nke ọma

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Phonology nwere ihe ndị a:

* Ụda /ɾ/ na / Xia/ dị nnọọ ụkọ na ọnọdụ mmalite okwu.
* /nz/ nwere ike ịnụ n'ụdị dị iche iche dị ka ụda ụda [nd͡ʒ].
* A na-anụ [l] naanị n'ụdị /j/.
* /j/ nwere ike ịnụ dị ka [ɲ] mgbe ọ na-esote ụdaume imi.

* /a/ nwere ike ịnwe allophone nke [ɐ], mgbe ọ na-ekesa nkesa.

* A pụkwara ịnụ ụda nke /ɛ̃/ dị ala dị ka [æ̃] na ọdịiche n'efu.

A na-egosi ụda na mkpụrụedemede site na iji akara ngosi:

* a na-egosi ụda dị n'etiti site na iji umlaut: ːä, ë, ɛ̈, ï, ö, ɔ̈, üː
* A na-egosi ụda dị elu site na iji ụda olu: ː, ê, ɛ̂, î, ô, ɔ̂, û́́́.
Masa languages

Asụsụ Masa bụ otu asụsụ Chad nwere njikọ chiri anya nke ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Chad na ugwu Cameroon

## Asụsụ
Asụsụ Masa edepụtara na Blench (2006) bụ:

* Ebe Ugwu
** Massa (Masana)
** ? Zumaya (†)
** Ebe ndebe ihe ochie Azumeina
*** Ebe Ngosi Ihe Mgbe Ochie
*** Azumeina (Marba)
* Ndịda
** Mesmé
** Ihe omuma nke mbu
*** Pévé
*** Ngeté-Herdé

A na-eji exonym Zime mee ihe maka Herdé, Ngeté, Pévé, na Mesmé. N'otu aka ahụ, Kaɗo bụ aha ọnụọgụgụ maka asụsụ Peve–Kaɗo, nke a na-akpọkwa abụọ n'ime ha Lamé.

### Shryock (1997)
Shryock (1997: 32) na-agbakọta asụsụ Masa dị ka:

* Zumaya
* Ebe ugwu: Masa; Musey; Marba, Monogoy
* Ndịda: Zime; Peve; Heɗe-Ngiɗe

## Ọnụ ọgụgụ
Ntụnyere nke ọnụọgụ n'asụsụ ọ bụla:

## Hụkwa

*  (Wiktionary)

## Ihe odide

## Njikọ mpụga

* Masa Chadic ihe onwunwe na africanlanguages.org
Asụsụ Mituku

**Mituku** (nke a makwaara dị ka Kinya-Mituku ma ọ bụ Metoko) bụ asụsụ Bantu nke Democratic Republic of the Congo . Olu Mokpá dị iche. 

## Ụda
Ọ bụ asụsụ ụda nwere ụda anọ: elu, ala, ọdịda na ịrị elu. Downstep nwere ike ime n'etiti ụda abụọ dị elu ma ọ bụ n'etiti olu dị elu na nke na-ada ada. A contour (na-ebili ma ọ bụ na-ada) ụda nwere ike ime na ụdaume ma ọ bụrụ na ụdaume bụ mmezu nke ụdaume abụọ dị n'okpuru.

## Edensibia
Asụsụ Holoholo

Holoholo bụ asụsụ Bantu nke DR Congo na n'oge gara aga na Tanzania nke ndị **Holoholo** na-asụ n'akụkụ ọ bụla nke Ọdọ Mmiri Tanganyika. Nchịkọta ejighị n'aka, mana ọ nwere ike ịbụ nke otu Takama (Nurse 2003:169).

Maho (2009) kewara D281 Tumbwe (Etumbwe) na D282 Lumbwe dị ka ndị kacha nọrọ  Holoholo nso. Ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla nwere koodu ISO.

## Ihe odide

*
Massa language

Massa (ma ọ bụ Masana, Masa) bụ asụsụ Chad nke ndị Masa na-asụ n'ebe ndịda Chad na n'ebe ugwu Cameroon. Ọ nwere ihe dị ka 200,000 ọkà okwu.

Asụsụ ndị a bụ Bongor, Bugudum (Budugum), Domo, Gizay, Gumay, Ham, Walia, Wina (Viri), Yagwa.

Kim, asụsụ agbata obi, bụ nke e kewapụrụ dị ka Masa.

## Nkesa
A na-asụ Masa n'akụkụ ndịda nke ngalaba Mayo-Danay na Far North Region, na mpaghara Yagoua, Kalfou, Wina, Yele, na Guéré.

A na-asụ Central Masa n'akụkụ Osimiri Logone, nke nwere ụdị anọ. Ụdị dị iche iche, dị ka edepụtara site n'ebe ugwu ruo n'ebe ndịda, bụ: Yagwa (asụ na Yagoua), Domo (n'obodo Domo), Walya, na Buguëum.

Asụsụ Muzuk, nke a na-ewere dị ka Asụsụ Munjuk (ALCAM 1983), bụ n'ezie Asụsụ Masa ebe ọ bụ na ọ na-aghọta ya na ụdị Masa ndị ọzọ (Ousmanou 2007). Ndị na-asụ Muzuk na-asụsụ abụọ, ma na-asọpụta olumba Muzuk nke Masa, yana Munjuk. A na-asụ ya n'ebe ndị kpọrọ nkụ nke West (Guidigis, Mayo-Kani, Far North Region).

A na-asụ Masa na Cameroon na Chad, na ndị na-asụrụ ya 103,000 na Cameroon.
Bulu language

Bulu bụ asụsụ Bantu nke ndị **Bulu** nke Cameroon. Asụsụ ahụ nwere mmadụ otu narị na iri asaa na puku anọ na asụụ ya n'afọ 1982, na ihe dị ka ndị n'asụ asụsụ nke abụọ narị puku asatọ n'afọ 1991. Asụsụ ya gụnyere Bene, Yelinda, Yembana, Yengono, na Zaman. Ndị na-achị ala ọzọ na ndị ozi ala ọzọ na-eji Bulu eme ihe n'oge gara aga dị ka *asụsụ a* na-asụ n'ógbè ahụ maka azụmahịa, agụmakwụkwọ, na ebumnuche okpukpe, ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-aghọwanye ihe a na-adịghị ahụkebe n'ọ́tụ̀ ndị ahụ.

Bulu so n'òtù asụsụ Beti ma nwee ike ịghọta ya na Eton, Ewondo, na Fang.

## Nkesa
Ndị na-asụ Bulu ka wee nọrọ na mpaghara ndịda  nke Cameroon, ọnụ ọgụgụ ha kachasị na Ebolowa na Sangmélima. Ụfọdụ ndị na asụ asụsụ a bi na ngalaba Nyong-et-Mfoumou nke etiti na ngalaba Haut-Nyong nke ọwụwa anyanwụ.

Dị ka ALCAM si kwuo (2012), a na-asụ Bulu na ngalaba Mvila na Dja-et-Lobo (mpaghara ndida), ma n'ebe ndịda nke ngalaba Haute-Sanaga (Mpaghara  Etiti) ebe a na- asụkwa olumba Yezum nke Ewondo. Tinyere asụsụ Yébékóló na Omvan, a na-asụkwa ya n'ebe ugwu nke ngalaba Nyong-et-Mfoumou (Mpaghara  Etiti) na akụkụ nke ngalaba Haut-Nyong n'ebe ndịda nke obodo Nguelemendouka Mpaghara ọwụwa anyanwụ).

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mgbọchiume

### Mkpụrụ ụdaume / imi

## Usoro ide ihe
Ndị ozi ala ọzọ Presbyterian mbụ rutere Cameroon dere asụsụ Bulu. Ha mere ya asụsụ ntụziaka na ozizi Protestant n'oge ọchịchị ndị ọchịchị. Asụsụ a nwere akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu (French-Bulu/Bulu-French) otu n'ime ndị dere ya bụ Moïse Eyinga. Akwụkwọ akụkọ mbụ e dere na Boulou bụ Nnanga Kôn .

### Mkpụrụedemede EPC
Mkpụrụ edemede Bulu nke ụka Presbyterian nke Cameroon nwere mkpụrụedemede iri abụọ na anọ: a, b, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, ñ, o, ô, p, s, t, u, v, w, y, z. é na è bụ ụdị e dị na mkpụrụedemede a.

### Mkpụrụedemede PROPELCA
PROPELCA ejirila mkpụrụedemede Bulu mee ka ọ bụrụ mkpụrụedemede dabere na General Alphabet of Cameroonian Languages.

## Edensibia
Holoholo

**Holoholo** nwere ike ịrụtụ aka na:

* Ndị Holoholo, otu agbụrụ dị na Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Asụsụ Holoholo, asụsụ ha
* MV Holoholo, ụgbọ mmiri nyocha nke Hawaii
Ngwo language

Ngwo (**Ngwɔ**) bụ asụsụ Southern Bantoid nkè Cameroon. Ụdị Konda ná Basa nwéré ike ịdị ichè ichè nkè ukwuu iji wéré yá dị kà asụsụ dị ichè ichè.

## Edensibia

* Ihe ndekọ dị iche iche nke Ngwo na UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive
Matal language

Matal, nke a makwaara dị ka **Muktele** na **Balda**, bụ asụsụ Afro-Asiatic a na-asụ n'ebe ugwu Cameroon.

Ndị Matal bi na nsọtụ ọdịda anyanwụ nke ugwu Mandara, site na Parékwa massif na ndịda ruo Méri. Ha na-ebikwa na mbara ala Mayo-Ranéo (Baldama na Zouelva cantons na Mora arrondissement, ngalaba Mayo-Sava, Far North Region). Ha ruru mmadụ 18,000.
Mazagway language

**Mazagway** (Musgoy; nke a makwaara dị ka Mazagway-Hidi) bụ asụsụ Chadic a na-asụ na Cameroon, na North Province na Far North Province. Blench (2006) kewara ya dị ka olumba nke Daba.

A na-asụ Mazagway ma ọ bụ Mazagway Hidi na mpaghara Mousgoy na mpaghara ugwu nke Guider commune ( ngalaba Mayo-Louti, North Region) na n'ebe ndịda nke obodo Hina (Mayo-Tsanaga, Far North Region). Ọ nwere njikọ chiri anya na Daba, nke a na-ewerebu dị ka olumba Mazagway.
Ngwe language

**Ngwe** (Ŋwɛh, Nweh) bụ asụsụ Bamileke á na-asụkarị na Lebialem, Cameroon. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2001, Ngwe nwere ndị ọkà okwu 73,200, nkè bụ mmụba site ná ọnụ ọgụgụ nkè ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị gara aga. Ndị ikwu yá kacha nso bụ Yemba nà Ngiemboon.

## Usoro ide ihe

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu
Ọ nwere ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụdaume iri na atọ, //. /ɤ ʌ/ na-ada ụda dị ka [ø] ma ọ bụ [œ] ma nwee ọnọdụ ire yiri nke /ɑ/, mana na agbà e welitere na egbugbere ọnụ dị nso.

## Edensibia

## Njikọ mpụga

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] "Nnyocha Asụsụ Ọha nke Ngwe. SIL International
Maslam language

A na-eji exonym Zime mee ihe maka Herdé, Ngeté, Pévé, na Mesmé. N'otu aka ahụ, Kaɗo bụ aha ọnụọgụgụ maka ịkpọ Peve–Kaɗo, nke a na-akpọkwa abụọ n'ime ha Lamé.

## Nkesa
A na-asụ Maslam na Malta. A na-asụ Sahu (Sao), ụdị dị iche iche nwere njikọ chiri anya na Saho, kilomita ole na ole n'ebe ugwu na mpaghara ndịda Makari, yana kwa na mpaghara Goulfey na Kousseri na ngalaba Logone-et-Chari. A na-asụkwa ya na Chad. Na 1980s, enwere ndị na-ekwu okwu 5,000 ma ọ bụ ntakịrị ntakịrị na Cameroon (ALCAM 1984).

## Ihe edeturu
Mendankwe-Nkwen language

**Mendankwe** na **Nkwen** bụ ngalaba asụsụ dị iche iche nke asụsụ Grassfields Bantu nke a na-asụ na Cameroon.
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Togh_04.jpg/220px-Togh_04.jpg|thumb|Uwe ọdịnala a na-akpọ Togho
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Togho_03.jpg/220px-Togho_03.jpg|thumb|Togho ọzọ

## Edensibia

Òtù:Asụsụ ndị Cameroon
Òtù:Asụsụ ndị Ngemba