Rose Piper

**Rose Theodora Piper** (ubochí asaá n'ọnwa Ọktoba, 1917 rụo ụbọchị irí na otu n'ọnwa Mee, 2005) bụ ónyé America na-ese ihe nkè a maara nkè ọma màkà ihe osise ya na-enweghị atụ, nke na-acha anụnụ anụnụ nke afọ 1940. N'afọ 1950, n'ihi mkpa ego, ọ ghọrọ onye na-emepụta akwa. Ruo ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ afọ iri atọ, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka **Rose Ransier**, na-emepụta ákwà a na-akpa akpa.

Ndị America chọpụtara ọrụ ya n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke afọ 1947 mgbè o nyèrè ihe ngosi nke mbụ ya nke akpọrọ Blues and Negro Folk Songs na Roko Gallery na New York. Ihe ngosi ahụ gosipụtara ihe osise iri na anọ dabere na abụ ọdịnala na egwu blues. Ihe ngosi ahụ nwèrè ihe ịga nke ọma ma ndị na-akatọ nka toro ya; n'ihi ihe ịga nke a na-eme nke ọma, e mere ihe ngosi ahụ màkà otu izu ọzọ, a na-erekwa ọtụtụ n'ime ihe osise ahụ. N'oge ahụ, Piper bụ otu n'ime naanị ndị na-ese ihe anọ na-ese onyinyo n'Africa na America nwéré ihe ngosi onwe ha na New York. Mgbè ọ lara ezumike nká n'ọrụ imepụta ákwà, ọ maliteghachiri ise ihe na igosi ihe na afọ 1980.

## Mbido ndụ na agụmakwụkwọ
A mụrụ Rose Piper dị ka Rose Theodora Sams na New York n'ubochí asaá n'ọnwa Ọktoba, 1917. Ọ tolitere na Bronx, ebe nna ya bụ ónyé nkuzi ụlọ akwụkwọ ọha na eze nke na-akụzi Latin na Grik. Piper gàrà ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Evander Childs ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na nka nke méré ka ọ nweta agụmakwụkwọ afọ anọ na Pratt Institute n'ihi inweta GPA kachasị elu na nka. Ọ ghaghị ịda mbà n'ihi nrụgide ezinụlọ. Mgbè e mesịrị, ọ gara Hunter College, na-amụ ihe gbasara nka na obere na geometry, ma gụsịrị akwụkwọ na 1940. Site na 1943 ruo 1946, ọ gàrà Art Students League nke New York, ebe ọ mụụrụ Vaclav Vytlacil na Yasuo Kuniyoshi. Ọ bụ n'oge a ka ónyé na-ede uri Myron O'Higgins mèrè ka ọ mata Sterling Brown, ónyé gbara ya ume inwe mmasị na egwu blues. [1] Brown bụ onye dere "Ma Rainey" (1932), nke a na-ekwu na ọ bụ uri blues; [2] [3] O'Huggins, nwa akwụkwọ ya na Mahadum Howard, dekwara uri na isiokwu blues, dị ka "Blues for Bessie" (1945).

## Ọrụ

### Ihe osise ndị na-acha anụnụ anụnụ

N'afọ 1946, ọ natara Julius Rosenwald fellowship ma nọrọ n'oge ọkọchị na-eme njem na South America, "na-etinye" ikuku, ka ọ na-ekwu ya, ma na-amụ egwu blues. [1] Dị ka ónyé New Yorker, ọ tolighị na-ege ntị na blues; o kwuru n'ajụjụ ọnụ ọtụtụ afọ ka e mesịrị, "M gbara ọsọ wee nweta ụdị ndekọ niile wee gee ha ntị. Anọ m na ya". Nnyocha ya kpaliri usoro ihe osise na-abawanye na-enweghị atụ, nke nwéré isiokwu na-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Back Water (1946), nke sitere n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke Bessie Smith's "Backwater Blues", [1] bụ ihe atụ na ihe nkịtị na ụzọ ya karịa ihe osise ndị sochirinụ. Ka ọ na-erule n'afọ 1947, Piper anabatala ụdị Picasso, nke dị larịị, nke geometric nke a hụrụ na Slow Down, Freight Train na The Death of Bessie Smith (nke e sere n'aka nri). [1]

### Ọrụ ndị e mere mgbe e mesịrị

N'afọ 1980, Piper laghachiri na eserese. N'oge a, ọ nakweere ụdị ọhụrụ, nke afọ ya na imepụta ákwà metụtara: kama ọkara-abstraction na obéré, melancholy palette, ihe osise ndị ọzọ jikọtara nlebara anya zuru oke na nkọwa na acrylics na-egbuke egbuke. Dị ka mmetụta, o hotara ndị na-ese ihe na Flemish School Hans Memling na Jan van Eyck, na ọdịnala Book of Hours nkè ógè ochie.

Ọ ka na-enweta mkpali site na egwu ndị Africa na America, na echiche ya banyere ebumnuche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị agbanwebeghị. N'afọ 1989, o nwèrè ihe ngosi onwé ya na New York, nke Phelps Stokes Fund kwadoro. Ihe dị n'etiti, nke akpọrọ Slave Song Series, bụ usoro iri 12 x 9 inch miniatures dabere na ahịrị sitere na mmụọ. E debere ọkara n'ime obodo ndị dị n'oge a; dịka ọmụmaatụ, Go Down Neath, Easy Anī Bring My Servant Home (nke e sere n'aka nri) na ọdụ ụgbọ oloko nke 96th Street. N'ịkọwa ebumnuche ya màkà usoro ahụ, o dere na "ọnọdụ dị ugbu a nke ọtụtụ ndị isi ojii nọ n'ime ọbọdọ adịghị ka ọnọdụ obi nkoropụ nke ndị nna nna ohu".

## Ọnwụ
Piper nwụrụ site na ọrịa strok n'ubochí irí na otu n'ọnwa Mee, 2005 n'ụlọ ndị agadi Connecticut, Mgbè ọ dị afọ irí asatọ na asaá.

## Ndụ onwe onye
Piper nwere ụmụ abụọ, nwa nwoke na nwa nwanyị, ọ bụkwa nwanne nne nke onye na-ese ihe Adrian Piper. [1] [2]

## Ihe ngosi ndị a họọrọ

* Blues and Negro Folk Songs, RoKo Gallery, New York, 1947[1]
* 7th Annual Exhibition of Paintings, Sculpture and Prints by Negro Artists, Mahadum Atlanta, 1948 [1]
* Rose Piper: Ihe osise na Ọrụ na Akwụkwọ, Phelps-Stokes Fund, New York, 1989 [1]
* The Search for Freedom: African-American Abstraction 1945-1975 Kenkeleba Gallery, New York, 1991[16]
* *Ike maka Mgbanwe*: African American Art na Julius Rosenwald Fund, Spertus Museum, Chicago, 2009[18]

## Hụkwa

* New York Figurative Expressionism

## Edensibia

### Ihe edeturu

### Ebe e si nweta ya

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* Ike, Sarah. "Piper, Rose." Oxford African American Studies Center.  Mee 31, 2013. Oxford University Press. Ụbọchị nnweta 29 Machị 2021, 
* Ụgbọelu. A mụrụ onye na-ese ihe na-acha odo odo. African American Registry, 21 June 2020, aaregistry.org/story/rose-piper-artist-born/.

### Ịgụ ihe ọzọ

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## Njikọ mpụga

* Grievin' Hearted (1946), nke Rose Piper dere
* Slow Down, Freight Train (1947) nke Rose Piper dere
* Young Woman's Blues (1947) nke Rose Piper dere
* Ọtụtụ ihe atụ nke ọrụ Rose Piper mechara rụọ