KWH Group

KWH Group Ltd ( Finnish  , Swedish  ) [1] bụ otu n'ime nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ na Finland na abrasives, ọrụ logistics na plastik .  Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Vaasa, Finland .

. Site na akara dị mma na ụlọ ọrụ, KWH Group toro ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu ndị na-ebupụ osisi na Finland site na 1939, na-aza 26% nke mkpokọta osisi mba ahụ na-ebupụ na ihe dị ka 20% nke mbupụ osisi  pulpwood [1]  .  Ezi ọrụ ahụ bụ onye na-ahụ anụ anụ fox na mink kasị ukwuu n'ụwa na 1960 na 1970, na-ahụ ihe dịka 10% nke Finnish mink furs, nke ahụ na 2% nke ike ụwa na 1973

Mgbe ịgbasawanye n'ime ike plastik na 1950s, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ onye mbụ na Finland rụpụtara mpempe akwụkwọ polystyrene na aha aha ya Styrox.  N'ịmepụta niche na ọkpọkọ plastik, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ onye mbụ n'ụwa rụpụtara 600 mm (24 in) dayameta ọkpọkọ na 1964, si otú ahụ mba mba.

Taa, Mirka Group (nke bụbu KWH Mirka Group ruo 2016) bụ otu n'ime ndị na-emepụta "ihe abrasives na-agbanwe agbanwe" n'ụwa.  Isi ụlọ ọrụ ya dị na Vaasa, Finland. 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme

### Wiik & Höglund
Emil Höglund [fi] na Edvin Wiik bụ ha abụọ na-azụ ahịa osisi.  Emil Höglund rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye odeakwụkwọ na Edvin Wiik rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-azụta osisi n'onwe ya maka ụlọ ọrụ Hellnäs.  Dị ka a na-atụ anya na ụlọ ọrụ ịwa osisi ga-agbapụ, ha abụọ nwere enweghị ọrụ.  N'ịtụle nhọrọ ha, ha kpebiri iguzobe ụlọ ọrụ nke ha, Wiik & Höglund, nke e hiwere na 28 August 1929. Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ga-etinye aka n'ịzụ ahịa n'osisi gburugburu, pit props na pulpwood.  Wiik rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-azụ ahịa, na Höglund, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na kọleji azụmahịa ma nọrọ oge ụfọdụ na England na 1928, bụ onye na-ahụ maka ire ahịa na idebe akwụkwọ.

Ọ bụ na ha nwere adọ mbụ ebe aazụ na azụmahịa, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ cherekwa ihe isi ike oge ụfọdụ ihu, dịka ọmụmaatụ n'oge afu mba n'obi nke 1930-1933.  Otú ọ dị, na njedebe 1930s, ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ngwa ngwa, wee otu n'ime ndị na-ebupụ osisi gburugburu na Finland, na Emil Höglund na-eme njem dị ka onye na-ere aha na Germany, Netherlands, Belgium  , France na Britain.  Ka ọ na-erule 1939, Wiik & Höglund bụ ndị na-ebupụ osisi kacha kacha na Finland, na-aza 26% nke fim osisi a na-ebupụ na mba yana ihe dị ka 20% nke mbupụ osisi pulp.

Ihe nke ọma azụmahịa ha nyere ha ịga ego n'iche ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ha, na 1937 ha Light onye na-eketa òkè na ụlọ ọrụ Jakobstads Cellulosa Ab (ọtụtụ ndị Oy Wilh. Schauman Ab nwere), na na 1939, ha  weere òkè dị ama na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.  Ndị ọrụ mbupu Vasa Rederi Ab, emesia hụrụra ihe niile.  Njide ha na Jakobstads Cellulosa Ab mụbara, na na 1960s Wiik & Höglund na Keppo akwụkwọ 15% nke Oy Wilh.  Schauman Ab, na-eme ka ha bụrụ onye nwe oke nkeonwe.

N'ime afọ ndị agha ahụ, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ kwụsịlata mbupụ Wiik & Höglund, e mepụtakwara ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka mfu nke mbupụ. Nkụ nkụ na osisi chips ghọrọ ihe ndị kasị mkpa ugbu a, ndị agha German na ndị Finland na ndị ọchịchị Finnish na-azụkwa ya karịsịa.

Mgbe agha ahụ, mbupụ nke osisi gburugburu, ndị ọzọ na ndị ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ mbụ na West Germany, France na Netherlands, ndị mmekọ azụmahịa kasị ukwuu.  Uru dị mma ma tinyekwa uru ọzọ n'ime ihe njikwa, ngwaọrụ oke.  otu ego ozi mkpa bịara n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1951, mgbe ụlọ ọrụ plastik Holmsund AB na Umeå, Sweden, otu n'ime ndị akara Wiik & Höglund, nyere ha ikike naanị na Finland.  [5] [2] Mmepụta ahụ pụta na Vaasa na 1951, wee kwaga n'ogige na 1952, ebe KWH Group's na Uponor's joint venture plastic pipe plant, Uponor Infra Ltd, ka dị taa.

Wiik & Höglund mere nnukwu ego na nnweta iji ahia ahia rọba ha.  Na 1954, onye nwe ụlọ ọrụ Vaasa Lars Berts, na 1955 kwa, akpa ọkpọkọ rọba mbụ.  Wiik & Höglund bụkwa ụlọ ọrụ mbụ dị na Finland na-ahụ mpempe akwụkwọ polystyrene, bụ nke a na-ere akara n'okpuru aha aha Styrox, aha nke a na-akpọ taa na Finland nadig niile sitere na ebe a 

Ndị ọrụ ndị ọzọ enwetara bụ Forss & Govenius na Nars, sitere na Jakobstad, bụ ndị isi na KWH Plast.  [5] N'afọ 1969, Wiik & Höglund na Oy Finlayson Abka aka ọrụ ụlọ ọrụ ọkpọkọ polyethylene Muovitehdas Oy na Ulvila, ihe onye nwetara Wiik & Höglund na 1986 n'oge nhazi nke azụmahịa ọkpọkọ.. 

N'afọ ndị 1970, Wiik & Höglund ngosi nnukwu ọrụ mba ụwa, emesịa guzobe na ngalaba WH Pipe International.  Pipe oru ngo na Brazil, Iraq, South Korea na Thailand mere ka ụlọ ọrụ na-amata nke ọma na ndị egwuregwu.  Nhazi ịdọ aka ná ntị uche na Ntụgharị ụfọdụ gara n'ihu na 1980s, ebe ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ihe na-amụba ná mba ọzọ.  Ewubere ụlọ ọrụ ndị na- Medical ọkpọkọ polyethylene na Denmark, Thailand, Canada, na na 1990 na Malaysia na Portugal .  Agbakwunyere ọkpọkọ ụlọ ọrụ na mmemme mmepụta mgbe Oy Muotekno Ab, Oy Sul-Mu Ab, Laurolon Oy, Plastilon Oy na ụlọ ọrụ French Sipap Pipe Systems SA sonyeere otu.  N'ihi nhazi n'ime otu ahụ, ebufere n'ichepụta ọkpọkọ zuru ezu na KWH Pipe, nke taa bụ nke Uponor Infra Ltd, njikọ aka n'etiti ụlọ ọrụ Uponor na KWH Group. 

### Keppo
A na-eji obere ọrụ ihe mara saịtị nke Keppo mansion ruo ọtụtụ afọ.  Site na Keppo Rapids na-enye nchegharị ike mmiri, yana njikọ dị nso na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị na Nykarleby, alderman Samuel Lithovius , eze azụmahịa maka nhazi osisi sitere na ndị gbara ya gburugburu, ma guzobe osisi na-arụ mmiri na  saịtị ahụ.  n'ihe dịka 1740. [7] Ndị nwe ya na-esote welitere ntọala ahụ n'ihu na ebe a na-akụ ụtaba, igwe igwe na-agba agbagharị, ọrụ pitch na akwa linen, owu na textile ruo 1829 mgbe Carl Otto  von Essen ike Keppo 

N'oge Otto von Essen, ụlọ ọrụ ịwa osisi nwere njirimara n'ahịa.  Peter Malm sitere na Jakobstad, onye nwe ụgbọ mmiri a ma ama na onye ọrụ ọrụ, onye otu ụlọ ọrụ na igwe osisi na 1840. O Henry ego n'ebe a na-akwụkwọ osisi ma ree ihe ndị a rụchara, ebe von Essen.  na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọhụrụ na onye osisi.  Na 1860s, igha kwa afọ puku osisi iri.  Ọkụ na 1893 bibiri igwe osisi ahụ, ọ nweghịkwa igwe igwe na-arụ ọrụ na Keppo rapids.  Eziniche von Essen nwere ụlọ Keppo ruo 1899 mgbe Hugo Grönlund ikike ya, bụ onye rere ya na ụlọ ọrụ Wilhelm Schauman Ab na Jakobstad na 1906. 

Viktor Schauman, nwa Wilhelm Schauman, ọhụrụ Keppo Mansion na 1918, na mgbe emezigharị ya, biri n'ihe ahụ na-enye ruo 1930, mgbe e rere ụlọ ahụ ọzọ.  Isi ụlọ ahụ wee bụrụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ozioma, ma ndị otu nkwa nwe ya n'oge 1930–1942.  Mgbe oge dị ka ebe obibi ndị agha n'oge Agha nke mmetụta, mpaghara Viktor Schauman, bụ ndị biri n'iche ahụ ruo 1954, ịhụra ma wughachi ya ọzọ..

N'otu aka ahụ na ọrụ ya n'ime ụlọ ọrụ Wiik & Höglund, Emil Höglund [ fi ] na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ọrụ ugbo mink 1937, nke mbụ ya na Karl Johan Stuns sitere na Vörå ruo 1944, ma soro soro  Karl-Johan Tidström.  Ụgbọ ugbo ha ngwa ngwa n'ime iri awụ ndị na-eso ya na 1953, mmemme usoro ọkụ ,Finlandia Topaz, bụ nke ike amara zuru ụwa ọnụ.  N'afọ 1954, Emil Höglund na Karl-Johan Tidström dị ụlọ Keppo na hectare 37 nke ala ubi na hectare 418 nke ụdị, na-esobe ụlọ ọrụ Keppo Ltd. Ọrụ ugbo mink niile bụ nke Keppo Ltd nweziri ugbu a, ma guzobe.  ugbo mink ọhụrụ n'ụlọ ochie ahụ.  Ugbo a see ngwa ngwa wee bụrụ ugbo mink kasị ukwuu n'ụwa site na 1962. A rụpụtara ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu elu na 1970.  bụ ihe dịka 480,000 mink- na 150,000 fox-skins 

### Otu KWH
E hiwere otu KWH n'afọ 1984, mgbe Oy Keppo Ab mgbanwe ọkara nke Oy Wiik & Höglund Ab nke ike nke ọ na-enwe ike, site na ihe Wiik.  Oy Keppo Ab azụtalarị ọkara nke ụlọ ọrụ site na ngalaba Höglund na 1981

E mezigharịrị ọgbakọ ahụ na ngwụcha afọ 1980 na mmalite 1990s, wee mee ọtụtụ ụzọ mgbapụ, nke kacha pụta ìhè n'ire ihe dị ka hectare 13,000 nke ọhịa na oke oke na Oy Wilh. Schauman Ab, yana ire nke nta nke nta nke ọrụ niile metụtara azụmahịa mink na fox.

Dịka atụmatụ ọhụrụ ahụ siri dị, akụrụngwa nke otu ahụ ga-elekwasị anya n'ịzụlite isi ọrụ ya, nke akọwapụtara dịka KWH Pipe, KWH Plast na KWH Mirka. Akpọkọtara akụkụ ndị ọzọ niile nke arụmọrụ n'ime KWH Invest. Na mbido, KWH Pipe nwetara oke ọdụm nke itinye ego ọhụrụ. E mepere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ na 1990 na Portugal,  mmepụta na Canada dị okpukpu abụọ ma meghere ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ọhụrụ na gbasaa na Malaysia na Thailand, ebe ọrụ na India malitere na 1992 n'ụdị njikọ aka. Etinyekwu ego na Sweden, Poland na Germany. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi mgbanwe ọnọdụ ahịa, arụ ọrụ na China, Germany, US na India emechiela. KWH Pipe bụ akụkụ nke Uponor Infra kemgbe 2013. 

Mpaghara nke abụọ nke itinye ego bụ KWH Mirka (Mirka kemgbe 2016),  na-arụ ọrụ n'ichepụta na ịre ahịa nke abrasives, ogige polishing, na igwe sanding maka dịka imepụta akụkụ mejupụtara, nrụpụta ụgbọ ala (ART) na mmepụta, nhazi ígwè, na mmepụta ngwá ụlọ. N'okwu olu, Mirka bụ otu n'ime ndị ọrụ ise kachasị ukwuu n'ụwa niile na ngalaba abrasives mkpuchi. 

N'afọ 1984, KWH Group ghọrọ onye nwe otu onye na-emepụta ọnyà mmiri Prevex nke mechara na 2003 ghọrọ onye enyemaka nwere nke ọma. 

## Nkewa

### Mirka
Mirka (KWH Mirka ruo n'afọ 2016) na- neobhodimo abrasives mgbanwe na nke na-ahụ nke a na-akpa na igwe na-agba ọkụ eletri na ebe ya na Jeppo, Oravais, Jakobstad na Karis, niile na Finland .  iche bụ isi bụ ụgbọ ala na imecha ụlọ ọrụ ikike ihe.  Mirka na-ebupụ ihe dịka 96% nke iwu tumadi na Europe, US na Far East.

Ihe dị iche iche nke ngwaahịa na-agụnye ihe abrasive, ogige na-egbuke egbuke na igwe sanding maka ụdị dị iche iche nke abrasive usoro na nhazigharị ụgbọ ala na mmepụta (OEM), mmepụta nke akụkụ ihe mejupụtara, mmepụta ngwá ụlọ, nhazi ígwè na maka ire ere site na ngwaike, agba na ígwè ọrụ. Ịre ahịa na-arịwanye elu n'ụdị ire ere, n'ihi ya, ejirila ngwaahịa ndị dị ka diski sanding, pads na-akwado, igwe na-ekpo ọkụ na-egbuke egbuke, ndị na-ekpocha ọkụ na ngwa ndị ọzọ.

Mirka bụ otu n'ime ndị isi ahịa ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ N'ime akụkụ  ukwuu, Ngwunye elu elu (gụnyere refinish automotive (ART)), nrụpụta ụgbọ ala (OEM) gụnyere ndị ọrụ subcontractors), mmiri na ihe mejupụtara. Na mpaghara ahịa osisi, a na-elekwasị anya na ndị ọrụ obere na ọkara. Emebere ngalaba azụmaahịa nke ngwa ike maka nrụpụta na imepụta igwe na-agba aja na ngwa. Ngalaba mmepe Engineered Surface Finishing na-emepụta microproducts maka ngalaba OEM ma na-achọ ebe ahịa ọhụrụ mara mma.

### Ọnụ ego nke KWH Logistics
KWH Logistics nwere ngalaba azụmahịa atọ: *Port & Sea*, *Ibugharị Ibu* na *Ọrụ Ndị Ọrụ* : Ọrụ ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, mbugharị ibu na ụgbọ njem mba ụwa. Dị ugbu a na ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 16 na Finland. Port & Sea, ibugharị ibu na ọrụ mmepụta ihe bụ nke Backman-Trummer Group, nke bụ enyemaka na KWH Group. 

### KWH kwụsịrị
KWH Freeze na-enye nchekwa oyi maka nri na Vantaa, Finland. 

*Prevex* : ọnyà mmiri maka kichin na ụlọ ịsa ahụ, yana ngwaahịa ndị ahịa akọwapụtara. Onye isi ahịa na Scandinavia maka ịsa kichin. Ụlọ ọrụ na Nykarleby, Finland. Na-ebupụ 88%. 

*Njide atụmatụ* - Uponor Infra Ltd, 44.7%: sistemu ọkpọkọ rọba dị iche iche.

## Ntụaka na ndetu ala ala peeji

## Njikọ mpụga

* Official website
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations