Kes (ihe nkiri)

Kes /k ɛs / bụ ihe nkiri nke Britain nke 1969 nke Ken Loach duziri (nke ihuenyo Kenneth Loach) nke Tony Garnett akwụkwọ, dabere na akwụkwọ 1968 A Kestrel for a Knave, nke onye odee Hoyland Nether akwụkwọ Barry Hines dere.  Kes na-agba ọsọ Billy, onye sitere na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụrụ onye na-ahụ ike n' akwụkwọ mana ọ na- ụzọ nke onwe ya iji ya mgbe ọ nakweere kestrel na-  eto eto wee zụọ ya na nkà nke falconry .

A na-eto ihe nkiri ahụ nke ukwuu, na-eji maka ọrụ ọrụ nke nwata David Bradley, bụ onye na-eme mbụ, na-eduzi ọrụ, na maka ihe Loach na-emeso isiokwu ya na-arụ ọrụ;  ọ na-egbu na-abụ ebubo na-egbu egbu usoro njikọ Britain nke oge ahụ yana nhọrọ ọrụ nwere obere oge maka ndị ọrụ obere obere na ndị ọrụ na- nkà na mpaghara Britain.  A ndụ ya nke asaa na ihe nkiri Top Ten (British) nke British Film Institute .  [1] Nke a bụ ihe nkiri egwuregwu nke abụọ Loach maka ihe nkiri sinima.

Billy Casper dị afọ iri na ise, tolitere na njedebe 1960 na obodo dara ogbenye South Yorkshire nke ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta coal na-achị, enwe ọnọdụ ná ndụ.  Ọ bụ Jud (onye na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe a na-egwupụta ihe), ma n'ihe, ma n'ahụ ya bụ nwanne ya nwoke nke na-akparị ya, bụ Jud (onye na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe).  a na-egwu ihe), nakwa n'akwụkwọ site n'aka ụmụ akwụkwọ ibe ya na ndị nkuzi na-akparị ya.  Ọ bụ ebe na ọ na-ekwusi ike na omume mpụ mbụ ya dị n'azụ ya, ọ na-ezu ohi akwa na mmiri ara ehi mgbe ụfọdụ site na mmiri ara ehi na-ese n'elu mmiri .  Ọ na-esiri ya ike ịṅa n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, ọ na-akpasukwa ya iwe mgbe ya na ụmụ akwụkwọ ibe ya na-ese okwu.  Nna Billy akara akara ahụ oge ụfọdụ gara aga, nne ya na-ezo aka na ya n'otu oge, mgbe ọ na-agwa ndị enyi ya okwu isiokwu ụmụ ya na-họrọd ha nwere na ndụ, dị ka "okwu okwu ike".  Billy ga-ahapụ ụlọ akwụkwọ n'oge na- dị anya, dị ka onye "Easter Leaver", na-achọcha ọhaneze ọ ALA (ya mere nri iru eru);  Jud kwuru ná oge ihe nkiri ahụ na ya na-atụ anya n'oge na-adịghị anya Billy ga-eso ya na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe a na-egwupụta ihe, ebe Billy na-ekwu na ya ike ọrụ ọ ga-  arụ, ma o iro na ọ dịghị ihe ga-eme ya ọrụ n'ebe a na-egwupụta ihe.

Otu ụbọchị, Billy na-ewere kestrel n'otu akwụ́ n'ugbo. Mmasị ya n'ịmụ falconry na-akpali ya izu ohi akwụkwọ gbasara isiokwu a n'ụlọ ahịa akwụkwọ ndị ọzọ, ebe ọ bụ nwata na mkpa - ma na-agha ụgha maka ihe kpatara na ọ gaghị enweta - ikike ndị okenye maka kaadị onye na-agbazinye ego n'ọbá akwụkwọ ọha. Dị ka mmekọrịta dị n'etiti Billy na "Kes", kestrel, na-akawanye mma n'oge ọzụzụ ahụ, otú ahụ ka echiche Billy na-adị. Maka oge mbụ na ihe nkiri ahụ, Billy na-enweta otuto, site n'aka onye nkụzi Bekee ya mgbe o kwuchara okwu na-enweghị isi banyere ọzụzụ Kes.

Jud hapụrụ ego na ntụziaka maka Billy ka ọ tinye nzọ n'elu ịnyịnya abụọ mana mgbe ọ gachara onye na-agba ụta, onye gwara ya na ịnyịnya agaghị emeri, Billy na-emefu ego ahụ na azụ na ibe ma na-ezube ịzụta anụ maka nnụnụ ya (kama onye na-egbu anụ). na-enye ya iberibe anụ n'efu). Ịnyịnya na-emeri; iwe were n'ịtufu ihe karịrị £10, Jud na-abọ ọbọ site na igbu Billy kestrel. N'ịbụ onye na-eru uju, Billy wepụrụ ahụ nnụnụ ahụ gbajiri agbaji n'ihe mkpofu ma gosi Jud na nne ya. Mgbe esemokwu gasịrị, Billy lie nnụnụ ahụ n'akụkụ ugwu na-ele anya n'ọhịa ebe ọ fegara.

## Nkedo
 
Ihe nkiri ahụ (na akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ na ya, site na Barry Hines ) bụ ihe gbasara onwe ya, Hines bụ onye nkuzi na ụlọ akwụkwọ ebe e debere ya, na-achọ ịkatọ usoro nke oge ahụ.  Nwanne ya nwoke nke Richard arịa ndụ ọhụrụ ka nwa akwụkwọ ya nwesịrị na ụlọ akwụkwọ nke oge a site n'ịzụ mbụ mbụ "Kes", mkpali maka ihe nkiri ahụ.  Richard nyere aka na ike ihe nkiri site n'ime ihe dị ka onye na-ahụ maka oyiyi na fim ahụ.  Ụmụnna ahụ tolitere n'ebe a na-egosi na fim ahụ, nna ha bụkwa onye na-arụ ọrụ n'ebe a na-egwupụta coal, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụ nwoke nwere ike n'ụzọ dị iche n'ebe nna.  hụrụ ya na fim ahụ.  [1] Ma ihe nkiri ahụ na akwụkwọ ahụ na-enye ihe osise nke ndụ na mpaghara ebe a na-egwupụta akụ Yorkshire nke oge ahụ;  A kọrọ na ndị na-egwuputa ihe na mpaghara ahụ bụ ndị ọrụ kachaaenye kacha nta na mba mepere emepe.  [2] Obere oge tupu ewepụtara ihe nkiri ahụ, nke coalfield Yorkshire bụ ebe edobere ihe nkiri ahụ ka ọ ahụmahụ izu abụọ site na iku n'ahaghị iwu .

N'ịtọba na gburugburu Barnsley, ihe nkiri a bụ otu n'ime ọtụtụ watch dị n'etiti Ken Loach na Barry Hines nke ji ezigbo olumba Yorkshire .  Egoro ihe mgbakwunye ahụ niile site n'ime na gburugburu Barnsley.  Ụdị DVD nke ihe nkiri ahụ nwere ihe nkiri ejiri ụfọdụ okwu olumba dị ole na ole mmetụtaa dị na mbụ.  Njụajụjụ ọnụ 2013, onye nduzi Ken Loach kwuru na, mgbe a tọpụrụ ya, United Artists haziri ihe ngosi nke ihe nkiri ahụ maka ụfọdụ ndị isi America na ha kwuru na ha nwere ike ọchịchị Hungarian sauran olumba na fim ahụ.

Emebere ụlọ ọrụ ihe na aha "Kestrel Films".  Ken Loach na Tony Garnett jiri nke a mee ihe maka ụfọdụ n'ime fim ha na-esote dịka Ndụ Ezin, na Ihe nkiri Save the Children Fund .

A tụlere ọtụtụ n'ime ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka nkatọ nke usoro agụmakwụkwọ Britain nke oge a, nke a maara dị ka Sistemụ Tripartite, bụ nke na-ahazi ụmụaka n'ụdị ụlọ akwụkwọ dị iche iche dabere na ikike agụmakwụkwọ ha. Echiche nke ndị okike bụ na usoro dị otú ahụ na-emerụ ma ụmụaka ndị metụtara ya na ọha mmadụ dum. N'akwụkwọ 2006 ya, *Life After Kes*, Simon Golding kwuru na "Billy Casper, n'adịghị ka onye edemede [Golding], bụ onye e merụrụ 11-gbakwunyere, ntụziaka gọọmentị nke tụgharịrị, maka ndị gafere ule ahụ, ndị na-atụ anya na-acha ọcha- Ndị na-arụ ọrụ olu, ndị ọhụrụ si n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ụtọ asụsụ, banye n'ọrụ ndị dị mma ma na-akwụ ụgwọ nke ọma, nwere ike na-atụ anya naanị ọrụ aka na-enweghị nkà ma ọ bụ ihe egwu dị na ihu ihu *Kes* na enweghị akwụkwọ mmụta a echebaraghị nkà onye ọ bụla echiche, ma na-atụ aro na nke a bụ ihe si n'aka obodo ndị isi obodo, bụ ndị na-achọ ka a na-enweta ọrụ na-enweghị nkà."  Golding kwukwara na onye nduzi Ken Loach bụ onye kwuru na, "Ọ [ihe nkiri ahụ] kwesịrị ịrara ya nye ụmụntakịrị niile dara ada 11-gbakwunyere. E nwere nnukwu ihe mkpofu nke ndị mmadụ na nkà, mgbe mgbe site na ụlọ akwụkwọ ndị nwere ikike zuru oke. ewepụtaghị ya." 

## Hapụ

### Asambodo
A na- akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ikike e nyere ihe nkiri ahụ mgbe ụfọdụ site na British Board of Film Classification, n'ihi na na-ekiri obere iyi egwu, ịkpọ ihe otu okwu nke twat .  British Board of Film Censors kewara ya na mbụ dị ka U maka Universal (nke ndị dabara maka ụkpụrụ), n'oge nchekwa ndị ọzọ bụ A (ka mma maka ndị okenye) na X (maka ngosi mgbe ọ bụla onye nọ n'  okpuru afọ 16).  nọ ya ... ewelitere ruo afọ 18 na Julaị, 1970).  Afọ atọ ka e gosiri, Stephen Murphy, onye ụlọ BBFC, dere n' akwụkwọ ozi na a ga-enye akwụkwọ maaja ọhụrụ n'okpuru usoro ahụ dị n'oge ahụ.  [1] Murphy ikpe na okwu ahụ bụ "bugger" bụ okwu okwu na ọ naghị ele ya anya na-akpasu iwe na mpaghara e debere ihe nkiri ahụ.  N'afọ 1987, e nyere akwụkwọ ikike VHS akwụkwọ PG n'ihi "iji ọrụ dị nro na-emekarị", ihe nkiri ahụ ka na-ejikwa na PG akwụkwọ oge ahụ.

### Mgbasa ozi ụlọ
E weputara ụdị ihe nkiri ahụ nke ewe guzo na ike na DVD na Blu-ray site na mkpokọta Criterion na nchọpụta 2011. Ihe mgbakwunye a akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ na-egosi Loach, Menges, onye na-ahụ Tony Garnett, na onye na-eme  ihe nkiri David Bradley, ihe omume 1993 nke South Bank Show na Ken Loach, Cathy Come Home (1966), ihe ngosi ngosi mbụ nke Loach, nwere okwu ga-esochi ya.  Onye na-ede ihe nkiri Graham Fuller, na ihe ọzọ, ndị egwu ewepụtara na mba ụwa, yana ofufe postsync

### nnabata
Ihe nkiri ahụ bụ okwu ọnụ na Britain, mechaa nwere uru.  ọkọlọtọ, ọ bụ flop azụmahịa na US ma wepụrụ ya mgbe ụbọchị abụọ gachara.  [1] [2] Na ndị ịgba anọ ya, Roger Ebert kwuru na ihe nkiri ahụ agụghị na Chicago, ma kwuo na nsogbu ndị ahụ bụ, Yorkshire.  [3] Ebert pụta ihe nkiri ahụ na ihe ngosi 1972 nke Biological Honor Society haziri na Mahadum Loyola Chicago, nke mere ka ọ na-ahụ, sị, "ha nwere ike na fim ahụ, ma ọ bụ kestrel?"  Ka o sina dị, ọ na-ekiri ihe nkiri ahụ dị ka "otu n'ime ihe nkiri nkiri mma, nke na-ekpo ọkụ na nke na-akpali akpali nke afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya
 

### Ihe nrite

* 1970: Karlovy Vary International Film Festival – Crystal Globe 
* 1971: Ndị ode akwụkwọ Guild nke Great Britain Award – Ihe ngosi ihe nkiri Britain kacha mma 
* 1971: British Academy Film Awards 

:* Onye na-eme ihe nkiri kachasị mma na ọrụ nkwado - Colin Welland
:* Onye bịara ọhụrụ na-ekwe nkwa ịbụ onye isi n'ọrụ ihe nkiri - David Bradley

## Hụkwa
 

* BFI Top 100 ihe nkiri Britain

## Ntụaka

## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

* 
*  Interview with David Bradley.
*  A detailed synopsis, referenced background and review of *Kes*.
* 

## Njikọ mpụga

* 
* Kes at Rotten Tomatoes
* Kes at the BFI's Screenonline
Òtù:Ịda ogbenye
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations