Breyten Breytenbach

**Breyten** / ( / ˈbreɪtɛ n​​ ˈ bʌ x / ; amuru 16 Septemba 1939 wee nwụọ na Nọvemba 24, 2024) bu onye odee South Africa, onye na-ede uri, na onye na-ese ihe bu onye amara ama ama n’uwa dum dika onye na-ede uri di iche na onye nkatọ South Africa n’okpuru apartheid, na dika onye mkpọrọ ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke gọọmentị South Africa nke National Party na-edu. Ndị na-asụ Afrịka na-ewere Breytenbach ugbu a dị ka onye na-ede uri ha na ọ bụ otu n'ime ndị na-ede uri dị ndụ na akwụkwọ Afrikaans . O nwekwara ikike ịbụ nwa amaala France.

## Akụkọ ndụ
A mụrụ Breyten Breytenbach na Bonnievale, ihe dịka 180&nbsp;kilomita site na Cape Town na 100&nbsp;kilomita site na nsọtụ ndịda Africa na Cape Agulhas . Ọmụmụ ihe mbụ ya bụ na Hoërskool Hugenote ma mesịa mụọ nkà nka na Michaelis School of Fine Art na Mahadum Cape Town . Ọ bụ nwanne Jan Breytenbach, onye na-arụkọ ọrụ nke 1st Reconnaissance Commando nke South Africa Special Forces megide onye ọ na-ejide echiche ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị siri ike, na mbubreyo Cloete Breytenbach, onye mgbasa ozi agha na-ebipụta n'ọtụtụ ebe.

Nkwenye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị ya megide National Party na-achị achị na amụma ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke ịkpa ókè agbụrụ manyere ya ịhapụ South Africa gaa Paris, France, na mmalite 1960, ebe ọ lụrụ nwanyị France nke sitere na Vietnamese, Yolande, n'ihi nke a ọ lụrụ. e kweghị ka ọ lọghachi. Iwu nke mmachibido ịlụ di na nwunye mgbe ahụ nke 1949 na iwu omume rụrụ arụ (1950) mere ka ọ bụrụ mmebi iwu maka mmadụ iso onye agbụrụ dị iche nwee mmekọahụ.  Ọ bụ nna nke onye nta akụkọ France bụ Daphnee Breytenbach .

## Mkpọrọ
Na njem iwu na-akwadoghị na South Africa na 1975, e jidere ya ma tụọ ya mkpọrọ afọ itoolu maka ịgba ọchịchị mgba okpuru . Ọrụ ya *Ezi nkwupụta nke onye na-eyi ọha egwu Albino* na-akọwa akụkụ nke mkpọrọ ya. Dị ka André Brink si kwuo, a kpọghachiri Breytenbach na June 1977 maka ebubo ọhụrụ na nke dị egwu na, n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ, o mere atụmatụ agha ụgbọ mmiri nke ndị agha mmiri Soviet na ụlọ mkpọrọ dị na Robben Island site na nkwekọrịta " Okhela Organisation." N'ikpeazụ, ọkàikpe ahụ mara ya ikpe naanị na o bupụrụ akwụkwọ ozi na abụ n'ụlọ nga nke a tara ya nra $50. 

N'oge a tụrụ ya mkpọrọ, Breytenbach dere uri "Ballade van ontroue bemindes" (" Ballade nke ndị hụrụ na-ekwesịghị ntụkwasị obi"). Site n'ike mmụọ nsọ nke François Villon 's " Ballade des Dames du Temps Jadis ", Breytenbach tụnyere ndị na-emegide Africaner Peter Blum, Ingrid Jonker, na onwe ya nye ndị hụrụ n'anya na-ekwesịghị ntụkwasị obi, bụ ndị raara onwe ha nye abụ Afrikaans site na ịhapụ ya. 

A tọhapụrụ na 1982 n'ihi ngagharị iwe mba ụwa, Breytenbach laghachiri na Paris wee nweta ikike ịbụ nwa amaala France.

Mgbe ntuli aka n'efu kwaturu National Party na-achị wee kwụsị ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na 1994, Breytenbach ghọrọ onye prọfesọ ọbịa na Mahadum Cape Town na Ụlọ Akwụkwọ Gụsịrị Akwụkwọ nke Humanities na Jenụwarị 2000  ma sorokwa na Gorée Institute na Dakar ( Senegal ). na ya na Mahadum New York, ebe ọ na-akụzi na mmemme ịde ihe okike nke gụsịrị akwụkwọ.

## Na-arụ ọrụ
Ọrụ Breytenbach gụnyere ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ, uri na edemede, ọtụtụ n'ime ha dị na Afrikaans . Ọtụtụ n’ime ha ka e si n’Afrịka sụgharịa gaa n’asụsụ Bekee, e nwekwara ọtụtụ n’ime ha n’asụsụ Bekee. A makwaara ya maka ọrụ eserese ya. E gosipụtara ihe ngosi nke eserese ya na mbipụta ya n'obodo ndị dị gburugburu ụwa, gụnyere Johannesburg, Cape Town, Hong Kong, Amsterdam, Stockholm, Paris, Brussels, Edinburgh na New York City . 

## Ihe nrite

* Onye nwetara onyinye nke Zbigniew Herbert International Literary Award 2017 
* Akwụkwọ nrite nke Ansfield-Wolf
* Allen Paton Award maka akwụkwọ edemede
* Mahmoud Darwish Award maka imepụta ihe

## Na omenala ewu ewu
Breytenbach bụ naanị ihe a kpọtụrụ aha na egwu Apartheid-era *Spitting Image* song " Ahụtụbeghị m ọmarịcha South Africa ". 

Ndị egwu egwu Basque Berri Txarrak nyefere ya abụ "Breyten" na album 2005 ha *Jaio.* *Musika.* *Hil* . 

## Hụkwa
 

* Sestigers
* Zbigniew Herbert International Literary Award

## Ntụaka

## Njikọ mpụga

* Mkparịta ụka ya na onye na-ede uri South Africa na onye na-emegide Apartheid Breyten Breytenbach na Mkpọrọ nke ya, South Africa "Mgbanwe Failed," Nelson Mandela na Barack Obama
* Otu awa ya na onye ama ama South Africa onye na-ede uri, onye ode akwụkwọ, onye na-ese ihe na onye na-emegide ịkpa ókè agbụrụ Breyten Breytenbach
* Ajụjụ Podcast na Breytenbach sitere n'aka André Naffis-Sahely
* Nyochaa nke Voice Over: Mkparịta ụka Nomadic na Mahmoud Darwish sitere n'aka André Naffis-Sahely
* Ndị edemede Stellenbosch
* Breyten Breytenbach, Prọfesọ nke ide ihe okike
* Akwụkwọ ozi mepere emepe nye General Ariel Sharon (nke Breyten Breytenbach dere)
* http://www.goreeinstitut.org/
* Pọdkastị abụ na Badilisha Poetry Exchange
* Mkparịta ụka Culture.pl sitere na Mee 2017 ka ha nwetasịrị ihe nrite akwụkwọ edemede nke Zbigniew Herbert
Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations