Asụsụ Muna

Muna bụ Asụsụ Austronesian nke a na-asựkarị n'arịrịetiti Muna nakwa n'àgbè Buton nke dị n'ebe ndị mụrụ ọmụmụ nke Sulawesi na Indonesia.[1]  Asụsụ ahụ edere nke ọma, anyị saịtị n'aka onye ọka-ọka akara René van den Berg.  N'afọ 2010, ahụ nwere ihe dị ka mmadụ 270,000 na-asụ ya..

## Nchịkọta
Muna so n'otu Muna-Buton, nke bụ alaka nke nnukwu m Celebic.[1]  N'ime akara Muna-Buton, Muna bụ onye nlekọta n'ime aha Munic, nke gụsịrị obere akwụkwọ dị ka Pancana, Kioko, Liabuku, Kaimbulawa, na Busoa..

Muna na asụsụ ndị ọzọ nke Sulawesi na Buton na-emepụta asụsụ.

## Asụsụ
Muna nwere olumba atọ:

* "Standard" Muna bụ nke a na-asụkarị, nke a na'ebe ugwu na etiti nke Muna Island, yana n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Buton Island na 1989 nwere ihe dị ka ndị ọkà okwu 150,000 
* olumba *Tiworo*, nke a na-asụ na Muna na mpaghara Tikep nke dị n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ nke nwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụrụ ya 10,000
* ndịda Muna, nwere asụsụ abụọ: na *Siompu* (~7000 ndị na-asụ ya) na asụsụ *Gumas* dị iche iche (~60,000 ndị na-ekwu ya) 

Ihe dị iche n'etiti olumba ndị a bụkarị okwu, kamakwa ụda olu.

## Ahụike
N'ebe nchekwa data Ethnologue, a na-ekewa Muna "egwu" na ngalaba 6b, nke pụtara "A na-eji asụsụ ahụ maka mkparịta ụka ihu na ihu n'ime ọgbọ niile, mana ọ na-efunahụ ndị ọrụ.".

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu ahụ bụ na a na-eji Indonesian eme ihe n'akwụkwọ akwụkwọ, Muna bụ izi ozi ma na-asụ ya n'ebe ndị ọzọ niile.  Ihe ka ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi na Muna na-asụrụ ahụ nke ọma, mana ọ bụghị ha niile na-aazịpụta Indonesian nke ọma [1] N'agbanyeghị obere ọnụ ọgụgụ ya na eziokwu ahụ bụ na ihe eji ya dị ka isi ihe na-ahụ ihe n'ibu akwụkwọ, dere Muna yiri ka ọ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ.  ezi ndị na-asụ ya nke ọma n'ụdịetiti ahụ iwu na- ikesi n'etiti afọ 1989 na 2007. 

## Ọmụmụ ụdaolu

### Mkpụrụ okwu
Muna nwere ụdaume ndị a na-esonụ.

Ihe odide:

* A na-aghọta ụdaume  dị ka onye na-eru nso  n'ihu ụdaume ndị a na-agbaghị gburugburu, yana dị ka onye dị nso na [βʹ] n'azụ ụdaume ndị gbara gburugburu.
* N'okwu ngwa ngwa, usoro  nwere ụdaolu atọ n'ọnọdụ siri ike.
* Na kọlụm alveolar,  na /nt/ bụ n'ezie apico-dental.

### Mkpụrụedemede
The vowel inventory comprises five vowels: , , , , . They can freely combine into sequences of two or three vowels. Sequences of two like vowels are pronounced as a long vowel, e.g.   'knee'. In sequences of three vowels, there is an optional non-phonemic glottal stop after the first vowel, e.g.   'it has veins'.

### Ọdịdị nke ụdaume
Dịka ọtụtụ asụsụ ndị ọzọ na Sulawesi,[1] Muna nwere naanị mkpụrụokwu mepere emepe nke ụdị CV (consonant-vowel) na V (ụdaume), dịka.  kaindea /ka.i.ⁿde.a/ 'plantation', padamalala /pa.da.ma.la.la/ 'citronella', akumadiuandae /a.ku.ma.di.u.a.ⁿda.e/ 'M ga-eji ya sachaa ha'.[2]  Okwu mbinye sitere na Malay/Indonesian na asụsụ ndị ọzọ na-adaba na usoro nke Muna: karadhaa /karad̪aa/  mara ọnọdụ na- Mal isi:

:  'ọ na-efe efe' (realis) ~  'ọ ga-efe efe" (irrealis) 

Ngwa ndị na-adịghị agafe agafe na- akara akara a-class ma ọ bụ ao-class.  Dị ka iwu n'ozuzu, ngwaa a-class bụ ngwaa intransitive, ebe ngwaa ao-class bụ ngwaa intransitive.  E nso ole na ole, ngwaa na-agafe agafe na-eji prefixes ae-class na ihe a na-egosi ama, mana prefixes a-class nwere ihe a kapịrị ọnụ..

:  'Ọ were mma' (enweghị njedebe, prefix *ae*-class) 
: *no-ala-mo kapulu-no* 'Ọ were mma ya' (n'ụzọ doro anya, prefix a-class)  

E nwere usoro abụọ nke ihe na-esote, na-egosi ihe ndị na-apụtaghị ìhè na ndị na-adịghị ahụ anya.

Njikọ nke nsonaazụ abụọ na*-e* na nsonaazụ ihe na-apụtaghị ìhè + onye nke atọ na-apụghị ịhụ anya -e:

:  'M ga-azụta ya maka gị.'

## Ihe odide