Hadiiyya

**Hadiyya** (ndị na-ekwu okwu na-akpọ ya **Hadiyyisa**, ndị ọzọ na-akpọ ya *Hadiyigna*, *Adiya*, *Adea*, *Aiye*, *Hadia*, *Hadiya*, *Hadya* ) bụ asụsụ ndị Hadiya nke Etiopia . Ihe karịrị nde 1.2 na-asụ Hadiyya, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ otu n'ime asụsụ iri bụ isi na Etiopia. Ọ bụ asụsụ Kushitic Highland East nke ezinụlọ Afroasiatic . Ọtụtụ ndị na-ekwu okwu bi na Hadiya Zone nke South Nations, Nationalities, na People's Region (SNNPR).  Asụsụ ahụ nwere olumba anọ a ma ama—Lemo, Badawacho, Shashogo, na Sooro. Ndị a nwere nghọta n'otu n'otu, nwere obere mgbanwe mpaghara.

Asụsụ Libido nwere njikọ chiri anya, nke dị n'akụkụ ugwu na mpaghara Mareko nke Gurage, yiri nke ahụ n'ụzọ lexical mana ọ nwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'ụdị ọdịdị. Site n'ọnụ akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-ede Hadiyya ugbu a site n'iji ederede nke sitere na Latin, nke emepụtara maka iji nkuzi na nhazi. Hadiyya nwere usoro ụda ekwentị dị mgbagwoju anya nke nwere nkwụsị glottal na ụda ụda :  .

N'akwụkwọ ha (ụdị bekee 1999), Braukämper na Mishago chịkọtara nchịkọta nwere ezi uche nke egwu egwu Hadiyya na-apụ n'anya ugbu a. Egwu a na-agbaso iwu siri ike nke abụ ọdịnala Hadiyya ebe ụda olu na-apụta na mmalite nke amaokwu ahụ. 

A sụgharịala Agba Ọhụrụ nke Akwụkwọ Nsọ Ndị Kraịst gaa na Hadiyya, nke Òtù Bible nke Etiopia bipụtara na 1993. Eji syllabary omenala Ethiopic mepụta ya na mbụ. E ji mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Latịn ebipụta mechaa. &#x5B; **' &#x5D;</sup>

== fonology ==

=== Consonants ===
Asụsụ fon nke asụsụ Hadiyya, akụkụ nke ngalaba Highland East Cushitic nke ezinụlọ asụsụ Afroasiatic, bụ nke e ji mara usoro nkwekọ na ụdaume ya pụrụ iche, usoro mkpụrụokwu, na usoro morphophonemic. Hadiyya nwere fọnịm consonant iri abụọ na atọ ahaziri site n'ebe na usoro nkwuputa:  


* Enwere ike ịnụ /r/ dị ka ma ọ bụ flap [ɾ] ma ọ bụ trill [r].
* Gemination nwere ike ime n'ọtụtụ consonants okwu-medialy, ewezuga /r, z, h, ʔ/.

=== Udaume ===


==== Sistemụ ụdaume ====
Hadiyya nwere udaume ụdaume ise: /a, e, i, o, u/. Udaume ndị a

* Ogologo ụdaume ụdaume: Ogologo ụdaume na-agbanwe nkọwa okwu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, mkpụmkpụ /a/ vs. ogologo /aa/).
* Mmachibido nkesa: Ụfọdụ ụdaume na-emekọ naanị n'okpuru ọnọdụ akọwapụtara.

==== Ngwunye ụda olu ====
Hadiyya na-egosipụta usoro ụda olu, ebe pitch nwere ike ịmata ọdịiche dị n'okwuokwu ma ọ bụ ụtọ ụtọ. Nke a bụ akụkụ na-akọwapụta asụsụ Highland East Cushitic.

== Ọkpụkpụ ==


== Ụtọ asụsụ  ==

=== Akụkụ izugbe nke ụtọasụsụ hadiyyan ===
Usoro Okwu: Hadiyya na-agbaso usoro okwu isiokwu-Object-Verb (SOV).

Agglutinative Morphology: A na-ewu okwu site na mgbakwunye nke suffixes na infixes, akara akara, akụkụ, ikpe, nọmba, na ndị ọzọ.

Akara Okwu: Akara aha na nnọchiaha aha maka okwu dị iche iche, na-egosipụta ọrụ ụtọasụsụ ha n'ahịrịokwu.

Ngwunye ụda olu: Hadiyya na-eji sistemụ ụda ụda olu, ebe mgbanwe na ụda olu nwere ike ịmata ihe pụtara okwu ma ọ bụ ụdị ụtọasụsụ.

=== Aha aha ===
Hadiyya nwere usoro zuru ezu maka akara aha, nwere ihe dị ka isi okwu itoolu: **absolutive** (ụdị isi), **nominative**, **genitive**, **dative**, **ablative**, **locative**, **instrumental**, **comitative**, and **similative** . A na-eji **absolutive** mee ihe maka isiokwu dị n'ahịrịokwu na ihe dị mfe mgbe isiokwu ahụ na-eme ihe. Ọ bụrụ na aha bụ ihe doro anya, a na-agbakwunye suffixes kpọmkwem iji gosi ọrụ ya n'ahịrịokwu ahụ, ebe aha na-enweghị njedebe na-anọgide na-enweghị akara n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.

Hadiyya na-ejikwa **postposition** (dị ka prepositions na bekee) na-ejikọta na ụfọdụ ikpe, dị ka genitive ma ọ bụ dative, iji kwupụta mmekọrịta dị ka ihe onwunwe ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ. Ụdị ntugharịgharị bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, ebe suffix na-egosi na aha bụ nke isiokwu nke ahịrịokwu (dịka, "ụlọ nke ya").

Adjectives na Hadiyya na-adakọkarị n'aha ha na-akọwa na **okike**, **ọnụọgụgụ**, na **nkọwapụta**, mana ha anaghị ewere suffixes ma ọ bụrụ na ahaghị aha ahụ pụtara. A na-ejikwa suffixes pụrụ iche mepụta aha ndị emetụtara, dị ka ndị na-akọwa ngwa ọrụ, ndị na-eme omume, ma ọ bụ echiche nkịtị. Usoro a na-eme Hadiyya ka ọ bụrụ asụsụ bara ụba na nke na-ekwupụta, nke a na-ahụkarị na ezinụlọ Highland East Cushitic.

==== Nkpọaha ====
Hadiyya nwere usoro nnochiaha zuru oke nke dị mkpa maka igosipụta mmekọrịta, nwe na imepụta ajụjụ. N'okpuru bụ ntụle nke ụdị isi okwu nnọchiaha.

**Nkpọaha onwe onye*' na Hadiyya na-egosi onye na-ekwu okwu, onye na-ege ntị, ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ. A na-ekewa ha site na mmadụ (nke mbụ, nke abụọ, nke atọ), ọnụọgụ (otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ), na mgbe ụfọdụ okike.

* Ọmụmaatụ:
** Onye mbụ: *ane* ('M'), *neen* ('anyị')
** Onye nke abụọ: *att* ('gị' otu), *ateen* ('unu niile')
** Onye nke atọ: *isu* ('he'), *isa* ('she'), *isen* ('ha')

Mgbe 100 gachara, ndị na-ekwu okwu Hadiyya na-ejikọta ọnụọgụgụ nke 100 na iri afọ na nkeji nke ọnụọgụgụ gara aga.

142: *ʃíha sóore lámo* ("100 na 40 na 2")

== Ihe ndetu ==
Hadiyya nwere usoro zuru ezu maka akara aha, nwere ihe dị ka isi okwu itoolu: absolutive (ụdị isi), nominative, genitive, dative, ablative, locative, instrumental, comitative, and similative . A na-eji absolutive mee ihe maka isiokwu dị n'ahịrịokwu na ihe dị mfe mgbe isiokwu ahụ na-eme ihe. Ọ bụrụ na aha bụ ihe doro anya, a na-agbakwunye suffixes kpọmkwem iji gosi ọrụ ya n'ahịrịokwu ahụ, ebe aha na-enweghị njedebe na-anọgide na-enweghị akara n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.Hadiyya nwere usoro zuru ezu maka akara aha, nwere ihe dị ka isi okwu itoolu: absolutive (ụdị isi), nominative, genitive, dative, ablative, locative, instrumental, comitative, and similative . A na-eji absolutive mee ihe maka isiokwu dị n'ahịrịokwu na ihe dị mfe mgbe isiokwu ahụ na-eme ihe. Ọ bụrụ na aha bụ ihe doro anya, a na-agbakwunye suffixes kpọmkwem iji gosi ọrụ ya n'ahịrịokwu ahụ, ebe aha na-enweghị njedebe na-anọgide na-enweghị akara n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.

== Ntụaka ==

* Korhonen, Elsa, Mirja Saksa, na Ronald J. Sim. 1986. "Ọmụmụ olumba nke Kambaata-Hadiyya (Ethiopia) [akụkụ 1]." Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere 5: 5-41 .
* Korhonen, Elsa, Mirja Saksa, na Ronald J. Sim. 1986. "Ọmụmụ olumba nke Kambaata-Hadiyya (Ethiopia), akụkụ 2: Mgbakwunye." Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere 6: 71-121.
* Leslau, Wolf. 1985. Mmiri mmiri l na Hadiyya na West Gurage. Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Maxime Rodinson (Comptes rendus du groupe linguistique d'études chamito-sémitiques supplément 12), 231-238. Paris: Ụlọ akwụkwọ Orienttaliste Paul Geuthner.
* Perrett, Denise Lesley. 1993. Ihe ngbanwe ntụgharị aka na Hadiyya: Ntụle usoro nbipụta aha akpọrọ, tesis MA, Univ. nke London.
* Perrett, Denise Lesley. 2000. Ọnọdụ ike nke arụrụ arụ na Hadiyya, Ph.D. akwụkwọ edemede, Univ. nke London.
* Plazikowsky-Brauner, Herma. 1960. Die Hadiya-Sprache. Rassegna di Studi Etiopici 16.38-76.
* Plazikowsky-Brauner, Herma. 1961. Texte der Hadiya-Sprache. Rassegna di Studi Etiopici 17.83-115.
* Plazikowsky-Brauner, Herma. 1964. Wörterbuch der Hadiya-Sprache. Rassegna di Studi Etiopici 20.133-182.
* Sim, Ronald J. 1985. "The morphological Ọdịdị nke ụfọdụ isi ngwaa ụdị na Hadiyya." N'ime ngwaa morphophonemics nke asụsụ Cushitic ugwu ugwu ise, gụnyere Burji, 10-43. Afrikanistische Arbeitspapiere, 2. Cologne: Institut für Afrikanistik.
* Sim, Ronald J. 1988. "Mmebi nke mmachi consonant abụọ na Hadiyya." Asụsụ na Omenala Africa 1: 77-90.
* Sim, Ronald J. 1989. Predicate conjoining na Hadiyya: ụtọ ụtọ asụsụ PS na-achị. Ph.D. tesis. Mahadum Edinburgh.
* Stinson, D. Lloyd. 1976. Hadiyya. N'asụsụ dị na Etiopia, ML Bender et al., ed. , 148-154. London: Mahadum Oxford University Press.
* Tadese Sibamo Garkebo. 2015. *Akwụkwọ na nkọwa nke Hadiyya'' . Akwụkwọ mmụta doctoral University nke Addis Ababa. Nweta webụ
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations