Asụsụ Cayuga

**Cayuga** ( Cayuga:   ) bụ asụsụ Northern Iroquoian nke Iroquois Proper (nke a makwaara dị ka " Iroquois ise"), a na-asụkwa ya na mba isii nke Grand River First Nation, Ontario, n'ihe dị ka ndị Cayuga 240, na na Cattaraugus Reservation, New York, na-erughị 10.

Cayuga nọ n'ihe egwu dị egwu, ebe naanị mmadụ 115 nke ụmụ amaala na-akọ Cayuga dị ka asụsụ obodo ha na ngụkọ Canada 2021. Ndị Cayuga na-agba mbọ ime ka asụsụ ahụ maliteghachi.  Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Polytechnic Six Nations ewepụtala ngwa na iOS na mmemme ọmụmụ na Cayuga, Oneida, Mohawk na ndị ọzọ.

## Olumba
Enwere opekata mpe olumba abụọ dị iche nke Cayuga. A na-asụ abụọ na mba isii nke Grand River dị na ndịda Ontario. Ọzọ, nke a na-akpọ "Seneca-Cayuga", ka a na-asụ na Oklahoma ruo mgbe ọ kwụsịrị na 1980s.

A na-ejikọta olumba abụọ nke Cayuga na mba isii na ụlọ ogologo Cayuga abụọ, Sour Springs ma ọ bụ " Upper" Cayuga na " Lower" Cayuga . Amara ọdịiche dị n'etiti olumba abụọ a nke ndịda Ontario gụnyere usoro ụda olu abụọ. Na Lower Cayuga (LC) dị iche iche, n'okpuru *tj usoro elu dị ka /ky/, eg LC gyę:gwa' /kjɛ̃ːkwaʔ/ vs (UC) ję:gwa' /tjɛ̃ːkwaʔ/. Ihe ọzọ pụtara ìhè gụnyere ụkpụrụ metrik nke Laryngeal Spreading. N'okwu Cayuga dị ala, ụdaume ndị na-adighi agba na-aga n'ihu /h/ ma ọ bụ /ʔ/ ka ejiri ogo olu nke consonant na-esote kpọpụta. Ya bụ, a na-akpọ ụdaume ndị dị otú ahụ na ụdaume a na-atụgharị n'uche mgbe ha na-ebu ụzọ /h/ ma ọ bụ olu dị egwu tupu /ʔ/. Otu ihe atụ nke a pụtara na okwu maka 'iteghete' gyoHdo̜h [kjo̤htõh].

## fonology

### Olumba ọgbara ọhụrụ
Enwere ụdị Cayuga abụọ. Ndị nke Lower End nke mba isii na-asụ asụsụ Cayuga Lower Cayuga na Upper Cayuga si na ngwụcha elu. Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti ha abụọ bụ na Lower Cayuga na-eji ụda  na elu na-eji ụda  . [ 3 ] Ọzọkwa, ịkpọ okwu dị iche n'etiti ndị na-asụ Cayuga n'otu n'otu na mmasị ha.

### Udaume
Enwere ụdaume ọnụ ise na Cayuga, yanakwa ụdaume anọ ogologo, [ iː ], [ aː ], [ oː ], na [ eː ] . [ 4 ] Cayuga nwekwara udaume atọ etinyere imi, [ ɛ̃ ], [ õ ], na [ ã ] . [ 5 ] Ma [ u ] na [ ã ] bụ ụda dị ụkọ na Cayuga. Nke ikpeazụ abụghị ụda ụda, kama ọ na-adị elu n'ihi usoro ụda ụda nke nasalization, ebe n'okpuru /a/ na-aghọ [ ã ] mgbe ị na-agbaso ụdaume imi. Mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-eji ụda [ u ] na [ o ] eme ihe n'otu n'otu dịka mmasị ọkà okwu siri dị. Mgbe ogologo oge gasịrị [ eː ] na [ oː ], enwere ike ịnụ ụda [ n ], ọkachasị mgbe tupu [ t ], [ d ], [ k ], [ ɡ ], [ ts ], na [ j ] . [ 5 ]

Enwere ike iwepụ ụdaume dị ka [ V̥ ] n'ụzọ nkịtị, nke egosiri n'ọkpụkpụ nke e ji mee ihe na mba isii site n'igosi ha ike.

/ɑ̃/ pụtara na naanị okwu ole na ole. /ɛ̃/ nwere ike ịkpọ [ʌ̃], na /õ/ nwere ike ịbụ [ũ].

### Ụdaume ogologo
Ogologo dị mkpa n'ihi na ọ bụ naanị ya nwere ike ịmata ọdịiche abụọ dị iche iche pụtara na ibe ya. Ọmụmaatụ: [haʔseʔ] *ị na-aga* [haʔseː] *igara* [ 4 ]

### Udaume ewepụrụ
Ndị na-esonụ bụ ụfọdụ okwu ndị na-egosi ihe ụfọdụ ụdaume na-ada mgbe ha na-ada tupu [h]. N'okwu dị ka , , , na , [ e ] na [ ẽ ] ewepụtara dị ka , na-ada dị ka okwu ntakwu [ j ], na [ o ] na [ õ ] e wepụrụ ka , na-ada dị ka okwu ntakwu [ w ] . Ọzọkwa, [ ã ] na  na  a na-agba ya imi n'ihi [ ẽ ] na [ õ ] . Consonant tupu ụdaume imi na-aghọ enweghị olu. [ 4 ] Ọzọkwa, ụdaume ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe na-esochi [ h ] na-ewepụ, ebe ọ bụdị ụdaume ndị nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ na-esochi [ h ] adịghị. [ 5 ]

### Consonants
Dị ka asụsụ Iroquoian ndị ọzọ, Cayuga nwere obere ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa.

Allophonic dị iche iche na-eme na Cayuga:

* /t/ becomes voiced [d] before sonorants. The sound [d] does not exist word-finally.[8]
* /k/ becomes voiced [g] before sonorants.
* /s/ becomes [ʃ] before /i/, /j/ or /ɹ/.
* /ts/ becomes [tʃ] when preceding front vowels /i/ and /e/, and as [dʒ] before sonorants. It can also be heard as [dz] and  freely before [a] and [o], respectively. Speakers may use [dz] and  interchangeably according to the speaker's preference.
* /w/ can be voiceless as [w̥] (sounds like  or [ʍ]).
* /j/ can also be voiceless [j̊] (sounds like ).
* /h/: 
** "A vowel devoices if the vowel and a following [h] are in an odd-numbered syllable."[8] For example: the [õ] in [8]
** The vowel is voiced when it and a following /h/ are in an even-numbered syllable and in "absolute word-initial position or in word-final position, or preceded by another [h]."[8] For example:  'tell her';  'she writes'[8]

### Ụda olu
Ọtụtụ okwu nwere ụdaume ndị na-ada ụda, na-ebute ọkwa dị elu. [ 4 ] Ebe a na-etinye nrụgide na-adabere na "ọnọdụ nke okwu na nkebiokwu." [ 4 ] Ebe ndabara maka nrụgide maka aha dị na ụdaume ikpeazụ. "N'okwu ndị dị na njedebe nke ahịrịokwu, ụda olu dara na ụdaume ikpeazụ nke abụọ, ụdaume ikpeazụ nke atọ, ma ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ, na ụdaume nke anọ site na njedebe nke okwu." [ 4 ] Dịka ọmụmaatụ:

: 
: 'I just heard it'[9]

Ụda ndị a dị ogologo, ọkachasị n'ọnọdụ ọ bụla nwere ọnụọgụ. Mgbe aha na ngwaa na-anọghị na njedebe nke akpaokwu, a na-etinye ụda olu na ụdaume ikpeazụ. [ 4 ] Ọmụmaatụ:

: 
: 'I heard it, I didn't see it'[9]

## Morphosyntax
Cayuga bụ asụsụ polysynthetic . Dị ka ọ dị n'asụsụ Iroquoian ndị ọzọ, ndebiri ọnụ nwere nhọrọ prepronominal prefix, pronominal prefix (na-egosi nkwekọrịta), aha agbakwunyere nhọrọ, mgbọrọgwụ okwu, na mgbakwunye aspectal. Ndebiri aha aha nwere prefix nkwekọrịta (na-abụkarị neuter maka aha ndị na-abụghị nke nwere), mgbọrọgwụ aha, na suffix.

## Ihe ndetu


## Ntụaka

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## Ọgụgụ ọzọ

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* Dyck, Carrie, Frances Froman, Alfred Keye & Lottie Keye. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200911142514/http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~cdyck/LIN6050_W2014.htm/LIN_6050_course_package_COMPILED.pdf LIN 6050 Ọdịdị nke Cayuga.]* *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200911142514/http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~cdyck/LIN6050_W2014.htm/LIN_6050_course_package_COMPILED.pdf Ngwugwu nkuzi.]* . Nwada Memorial University nke NL na Woodland Cultural Center.

## Njikọ mpụga

* Cayuga: Ihe nketa Oral Anyị (COOL)
* Cayuga: Ihe nketa Oral Anyị (COOL)(Ọhụrụ)
* Cayuga na LanguageGeek
* Ohwęjagehká: Ha'degaénage: Cayuga
* Sgę́nǫ' Ga &#x5B; ? &#x5D; hnawiyo'geh! - Otu esi ekwu "ndewo" na Cayuga
* 
* 
* Ngwa OLAC n'ime yana gbasara asụsụ Cayuga
Otú:All articles with unsourced statements
Otú:Pages with unreviewed translations