Phillippa Yaa de Villiers

**Phillippa Yaa de Villiers** (amụrụ 17 February 1966)  bụ onye odee na onye na-ese ihe na South Africa nke na-arụ ọrụ ya na mba na mba ụwa. A na-ahụ ya maka uri ya, bụ nke e bipụtara na nchịkọta na ọtụtụ akwụkwọ akụkọ na akụkọ ihe mere eme, yana maka ihe ngosi onwe ya nke otu nwanyị, *Original Skin*, bụ nke na-adabere na mgbagwoju anya ya banyere njirimara ya n'oge ọ bụ nwata, dị ka biracial. ada nke nne Australia na nna Ghana bụ onye ezinaụlọ ndị ọcha kuchiri ma zụlite na South Africa apartheid .  O dere, sị: "A ghọrọ m Phillippa Yaa mgbe m hụrụ nna mụrụ m, onye gwara m na ọ bụrụ na ọ nọ ebe ahụ mgbe a mụrụ m, aha mbụ a ga-enye m ga-abụ aha ụbọchị dịka ụmụ ọhụrụ Ghana niile, na ụmụ agbọghọ Thursday niile bụ Yaa, Yawo, ma ọ bụ Yaya, ya mere, site n'ịgbanwe aha m, m bu n'obi dee mmetụta nke ịbụ onye na otu nganga n'akụkụ Afrika m mgbe m tolitere na-acha ọcha na South Africa, na-eme ka ọtụtụ 'eziokwu' na-adịghị mma. N'ime ụdị ndị isi ojii, ọ dị m mkpa ịnapụta mmadụ na onwe m pụọ na egwu na-egbu egbu nke ihe. "  O kwuwokwa, sị: “Ebe ọ bụ na a gwaghị m na e kuchiri m ruo mgbe m dị afọ iri abụọ, enweghị m okwu iji kọwaa onye m bụ na ebe m si bịa, yabụ ime na ide ihe ghọrọ ụzọ isi mee onwe m. "  Dị ka Tishani Doshi na-ekwu na *New Indian Express* : "Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya metụtara agbụrụ, mmekọahụ, klaasị na okike n'ime ọnọdụ South Africa." 

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Nkuchi na afọ nwata
A mụrụ De Villiers na Hillbrow na Johannesburg, South Africa,  ebe ọ nọrọ ọnwa mbụ nke ndụ ya na The Princess Alice Home, ụlọ ọrụ maka ụmụ ọhụrụ kuchiri. Ọkara-Australian na ọkara-Ghanaian,  a kuchiri ya mgbe ọ dị ọnwa itoolu, n'agbanyeghị na nne na nna kuchiri ya ndị ọcha agwaghị ya maka ya ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 20.  Odewo banyere mmetụta nke ahụmahụ ndị a:"M malitere ide abụ mgbe m bụ nwata, uri mbụ m bipụtara bụ mgbe m dị afọ 11. A zụlitere m n’ụlọ na-amasị uri na akwụkwọ, karịsịa asụsụ Bekee. Ma, ọ bụ naanị mgbe m toro ka m ghọtara na ide ihe karịrị okwu a na-akpọ na ibe. Edemede nwere onye odee, nchegbu ha, ọnọdụ mmekọrịta ha na akụkọ ihe mere eme ha. Akụkọ ihe mere eme nke m ghọrọ ngọngọ nye ihe okike m ka m malitere inyocha njirimara m dị ka nwanyị ojii nke ezinaụlọ ọcha nakweere na apartheid South Africa. Ọ dị m ka ndị a na-achị na ndị na-achị na-alụ ọgụ n'ime ụbụrụ m. Edemede gara n'ihu na-adị m mkpa mana enwere m obi ike na ọ bụ naanị usoro ọgwụgwọ, ọ baghị uru nye onye ọ bụla.

 Ọ bụ ezie na mmekọrịta ha dị oke ọkụ ma jiri ogologo nkewa mara ya, de Villiers na-ekwu na nne kuchiri ya Hertha Lilly Amalia nee Graf, ọkà mmụta gbasara anụ ahụ a ma ama,  na ịhụnanya nke abụ yana ikwere na nkà ya dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri. Akụkọ banyere mmekọrịta ha, yana nkwuwapụta sara mbara nke njirimara agbụrụ dị mgbagwoju anya Yaa, pụtara na *Darwin's Hunch*,  Christa Kuljian's sara mbara nyocha nke agbụrụ na sayensị.

 Dịka onye agbụrụ Africa na onye nkuchi, enwere m mmetụta, n'ụzọ na-enweghị isi, a na-emegbu ya na nweere onwe ya kpamkpam…. Ndụ m toro eto etinyela aka n'ịgwọ ọgbaghara a. Nnwere onwe nke ọnọdụ paradoxical m, bụ n'ezie na enweghị m ihe mgbochi nke ọrụ ọdịnala na enwere m ohere ịbanye n'ụwa. " 

### Mmụta ọzọ na mmalite ọrụ
Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ maka nzere ntaakụkọ na Mahadum Rhodes, Grahamstown,   wee nweta akara ugo mmụta nsọpụrụ na Dramatic Art na Scriptwriting na Mahadum Witwatersrand .  Ọ bụ onye gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Lecoq International School of Theatre na Paris, France, ebe ọ gụrụ mime na ihe nkiri.   Ọ nọrọ oge ụfọdụ ibi na Los Angeles  tupu ọ laghachi South Africa na 1998 ka ọ biri na Johannesburg .  Ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri afọ abụọ, na-eme ihe nkiri na Theater for Africa award-windows *Kwamanzi*, *Horn of Sorrow* and *Elephant of Africa*, "mgbe ahụ Bell's palsy zigaara ya ide ihe dịka ọrụ ọzọ. Ọ gara n'ihu na-ekere òkè na ihe nkiri n'okporo ámá ., rụrụ mgbe niile na Theatreports na Market Theater Laboratory afọ iri wee gaa ụlọ akwụkwọ ịmụta scriptwriting". 

N'ime afọ asatọ sochirinụ o dere ihe odide telivishọn,  maka ihe ngosi gụnyere *Backstage*, *Tsha Tsha*, *Thetha Msawwa*, *Takalani Sesame* na *Soul City* n'etiti ndị ọzọ,   na ya na Pule Hlatshwayo na onye edemede Sweden bụ Charlotte Lesche rụkọrọ ọrụ. mepụta *akara*, miniseries awa atọ maka mgbasa ozi Swedish na SABC .   N'afọ 2005, de Villiers meriri onye nkuzi Bekee na onye na-ede uri John Lindley site na atụmatụ mmụta mmụta anya nke British Council / Lancaster University "Crossing Borders".   O dere ihe egwuregwu nke abụọ a na-akpọ *Ebe Ụmụaka Na-ebi*, bụ onye na-agba ọsọ maka onye edemede kacha mma ma nweta onyinye ekele ndị na-ege ntị na National Pansa Festival of Contemporary Theater Readings na 2005. 

## Mbipụta
N'afọ 2006, Ụlọ Ọrụ Na-ahụ Maka Akwụkwọ bipụtara akwụkwọ mbụ ya, *Taller Than Buildings*,  bụ nke a kọwara dị ka "nchịkọta uri pụrụ iche nke mbụ, nke na-akpali akpali na nke mbụ, na-egosipụta mgbanwe nke onwe na obodo."  Nchịkọta nke abụọ ya, *Nwunye Kwa ụbọchị*, ka ewepụtara na Harare International Festival of Arts na Eprel 2010.  Dị ka Tolu Ogunlesi si nyochaa maka akwụkwọ akụkọ *Wasafiri*, "Yaa de Villiers" uri ndị na-agbachi nkịtị (n'ụzọ dị otú a na-echeta Carol Ann Duffy 's *Wife Ụwa* ) na-enwe mmetụta dị nro, na-atụghị egwu ịbụ ndị na-akpali agụụ mmekọahụ, mgbe ụfọdụ dị egwu, na mgbe niile na-adịghị asọpụrụ " .  Nchịkọta nke atọ ya, *ice cream isi ọwụwa n'ọkpụkpụ m*, pụtara na Septemba 2017,  na nyochaa ya Kelwyn Sole kwuru, sị: "Nchịkọta a nwere ntụpọ dị ka nkume dị egwu na abụ uri nke obi ụtọ n'ụwa, n'agbanyeghị na ọ dịghị mgbe ọ na-atụfu ya. post-industrial eziokwu nke mmebi ọgbara ọhụrụ nke anyị bi na ya. ”… 

A na-ebipụta uri ya na akwụkwọ akụkọ ya n'ọtụtụ ebe na akwụkwọ akụkọ obodo na nke mba ụwa, gụnyere *The Edinburgh Review*, *Poui*, *A Hudson View*, *Crossing Borders 3*,  *Anyị bụ ...* (ed. Natalia Molebatsi ; Penguin, 2008), *Dị nnọọ Nọgidenụ na-eku ume* (eds Rosamund Haden na Sandra Dodson; Jacana, 2008), *New Writing si Africa* (ed. JM Coetzee ; Johnson & King James, 2009), *Home Away* (ed. Louis Paul Greenberg; Zebra Press, 2010), *Poems maka Haiti* (ed. Amitabh Mitra ; Poets Printery 2010), *Akwụkwọ ozi South Africa* (Umuzi, 2011),   *Ka m gwa gị otu akụkọ* (2016),   na *New Daughters of Africa* (nke Margaret Busby deziri, 2019).   

## Arụmọrụ
De Villiers agagharịwo ihe ngosi akụkọ ihe mere eme ya nke otu nwanyị, *Original Skin*,  na South Africa - gụnyere na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Ahịa (Johannesburg) na Grahamstown Festival  ) - na mba ọzọ, ma rụọ ọrụ ya site na Cuba ruo Cape. Town, Berlin ruo Harare, yana n'obodo ya, Johannesburg.  

Ọ pụtara na Jozi Spoken Word Festival na 2006, ma kpọọ ya National Poet Laureate nke South Africa Keorapetse Kgositsile ka ọ sonyere James Matthews, Lebo Mashile na Khanyi Magubane na-anọchite anya South Africa na 12th International Poetry Festival na Havana, Cuba. 

Na 2007, de Villiers pụtara na Word Power International Festival of Black Literature na London, England, na Poetry Africa,  na n'April 2008 na ogbako "Together for Solidarity" na Sweden . 

Na 2009, ọ bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ na Passa Porta's Villa Vollezele na Belgium .  Ọzọkwa na 2009 ọ bụ akụkụ nke *Beyond Words* UK tour  nke na-egosipụtakwa ndị na-ede uri South Africa Keorapetse Kgositsile, Don Mattera, Lesego Rampolokeng na Lebo Mashile (nke Apples na Snakes gosipụtara na mkpakọrịta na Sustained Theatre, nke British Council South na-akwado). Africa, Arts Council England na ọchịchị South Africa).    

Na ikike ya dị ka 2014 Commonwealth Poet, ọ rụrụ na Homerton College, Mahadum Cambridge, na 8 March 2014, ya na onye na-ede uri South Africa ibe Isobel Dixon, dị ka akụkụ nke Pedagogy, Asụsụ, Arts & Culture in Education (PLACE) Otu usoro ọmụmụ ihe ọmụmụ., kwadoro ya na Center for Commonwealth Education ma kwadoro ya site n'aka Commonwealth Education Trust . 

Na 8 December 2014, de Villiers nyere ihe ngosi na Leiden, Netherlands, na ASC (African Studies Center) Ihe Omume Ọha kwa Afọ.  

## Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ ahọpụtara

* *Ogologo karịa ụlọ* (Cape Town: Center for the Book, 2006,  ) 
* Na Keorapetse Kgositsile, Don Mattera na Lebo Mashile, *Na-abụghị Okwu: South Africa Poetics* ; okwu mmalite nke Margaret Busby (ọrụ Apples &amp;amp; Snakes ; anya tụgharịrị, 2009,  )  
* *Nwunye kwa ụbọchị* ; okwu mmalite nke Margaret Busby  (Cape Town: Akwụkwọ Modjaji, 2010,  ) 
* *ice cream isi ọwụwa na ọkpụkpụ m* (Cape Town: Akwụkwọ Modjaji, 2017,  

### Dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ

* Mụ na Kaiyu Xiao na Isabelle Ferrin-Aguirre, *Ọ dịghị Serenity Ebe a - akwụkwọ akụkọ uri nke Africa* (Beijing: New World Publishers, 2010,  ).

### Dị ka onye ntinye aka

* "Ịnọgide Nchekwa", *Magazin Konch*, Okwu Pụrụ Iche, Nje Virus: Mpịakọta nke Abụọ, 2020. 
* Marike Beyers (ed.), *Naanị Ime Anwansi Anyị Maara: 2004 Modjaji uri ahọpụtara ruo 2019*, 2020. 
* "Nchọpụta nke Dị adị na Utopian: Ihe Ọmụma nke ụmụ amaala dị ka ihe enyemaka iji mee ka uri ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị dịghachi ndụ" (ya na Louis Botha na Robert Maungedzo), *Education dị ka mgbanwe*, 23 December 2020. 
* "Ịhụnanya Abụ iji Nguzogide", *Evergreen Review*, Mmiri/Oge okpomọkụ 2024. 

## Ntụaka

Òtù:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Òtù:Pages with unreviewed translations