open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Oral poetry

Abụ uri a na-ekwu n'ọnụ bụ ụdị abụ nke a na-ede ma na-enyefe na-enweghị enyemaka nke ederede. Mmekọrịta dị mgbagwoju anya dị n'etiti akwụkwọ edere na nke a na-ekwu okwu na obodo ụfọdụ nwere ike ime ka nkọwa a sie ike ịnọgide na-enwe.

## Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
A na-ewere uri a na-ekwu mgbe ụfọdụ na ọ gụnyere uri ọ bụla a na-eme na ndụ. N'ọtụtụ ọdịbendị, uri a na-ekwu n'ọnụ na-agbakọta, ma ọ bụ na-adaba na, abụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ bụ ezie na okwu a na-ekwu okwu pụtara 'iji ọnụ mee', n'ọdịbendị ụfọdụ, a na-ejikwa ụzọ ndị ọzọ eme uri, dị ka ịgbà na-ekwu ihe na ọdịbendị ụfọdụ nke Afrịka. Abụ ndị a na-ekwu n'ọnụ dị n'ụzọ doro anya n'ime ọdịbendị a na-ekwukarị n'ọnụ, mana ọ nwere ike ịdị ndụ, ma na-eto eto n'ezie, na ọdịbendị ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ nke ọma.

Abụ ọnụ ọnụ dị iche na akwụkwọ ọnụ n'ozuzu n'ihi na akwụkwọ ọnụ na-agụnye akwụkwọ ndekọ asụsụ nke anaghị ewere abụ abụ. N'ọtụtụ akwụkwọ ọnụ, a na-akọwa uri site n'eziokwu na ọ dabara n'iwu metrical; ihe atụ nke akwụkwọ ọnụ na-abụghị uri na omenala Western gụnyere ụfọdụ njakịrị, okwu na ịkọ akụkọ.

Otu mmetuta dị n'ịmụ uri ọnụ, ma n'ihi na ọ nyere aka weta uri ọnụ n'ime mpaghara ọmụmụ akwụkwọ agụmakwụkwọ na n'ihi na ọ na-enye ìhè ụzọ e si ejikọta ụdị uri na okwu ọnụ, bụ echiche ọnụ-formulaic nke Milman Parry na Albert Lord mepụtara. Ozizi a gosiri ka nkebi ahịrịokwu nwere ike isi nyere ndị na-ede uri aka imezi amaokwu. Otu ihe si n'ọrụ Parry na Onyenwe anyị pụta bụ na a na-ahụ abụ uri nke a na-edepụta n'ọnụ (na-emegide uri nke a na-ede n'ejighị ederede ma emesịa n'isi ma mechaa) ka a na-ahụ mgbe ụfọdụ dị ka ihe atụ kacha mma nke uri ọnụ. Ọmụmaatụ nke uri ọnụ na-emegharị ọnụ bụ akụkọ nke Serbo-Croatian guslars nke Parry na Lord, Basque bertsolaritza, na freestyle rap mụọ.

Otú ọ dị, a na-eburu ọtụtụ uri ọnụ n'isi n'isi - ọ bụ ezie na okwu ziri ezi, karịsịa nke okwu ndị na-adịghị mkpa maka nghọta ma ọ bụ mita, na-agbanwe site n'otu arụmọrụ gaa na nke ọzọ, na otu onye na-eme ihe gaa na nke ọzọ.[1]. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ pụrụ ịbụ na e mere ihe odide mbụ nke uri ọnụ e bu n’isi n’ejighị ede ihe, omenala ncheta na-amalite mgbe ụfọdụ n’ihe odide e dere ede. N'otu aka ahụ, e nwere ike idetu uri ọnụ ndị e bu n'isi, na-eduga n'ọnọdụ nke nsụgharị ndị e dere ede na-emetụta nsụgharị ndị e bu n'isi. Ọmụmaatụ ama ama nke uri ọnụ eburu n'isi bụ ụfọdụ ukwe ụmụaka, ballads na amaokwu skaldic Scandinavian ochie.

## Omenala mpaghara na nke mba
Nhazi uri bụ omenala dị ndụ n'ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ụwa. Omenala mpaghara na nke mba gụnyere:

* *payada* na Argentina
* Basque *bertsolaritza*
* Maltese *għana*
* *Abụ a braccio* nke Lazio, Ịtali 
* The *improvvisazione na ottava rima* nke Tuscany, Ịtali 
* *stornelli* na omenala obodo ndị ọzọ n'akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke Ịtali
* Nabati, uri a na-ekwu n'asụsụ Arebia 

* Rap, akụkụ nke ụdị hip hop nke egwu America

## Hụkwa

* Ethnopoetics
* Abụ ọdịnala
* Omenala a na-ekwu n'ọnụ
* Ịgụ uri
* Abụ uri na-ada ụda
* Okwu a na-ekwu

## Edemsibia
Asụsụ Ogbi nke Kuwaiti

**Asụsụ Ogbi nke Kuwait   bụ asụsụ ndị ogbi nke Kuwait. Ọ dị ka ọ bụ nke ezinụlọ asụsụ ogbi Arab (Hendriks 2008).** 

## Ntụaka

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Asụsụ Ogbi nke Jọdan: akụkụ nke ụtọ asụsụ site n'echiche asụsụ* (dissertation) https://web.archive.org/web/20131102005507/http://www.lotpublications.nl/publish/articles/003014/bookpart.pdf
Oyebamiji

OyebamijiOyebamiji.oggⓘ sitere na Yoruba, asụsụ na agbụrụ dị na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ Nigeria. Enwere ike imebi ihe ọ pụtara dịka ndị a: "Oye" pụtara ("nsọpụrụ," "asọpụrụ," ma ọ bụ "aha.") ebe "Bamiji" pụtara "abịakwutewo m" ma ọ bụ ("abịakwute m."). Oyebamiji roughly translates to ("Honor abiala m" ma ọ bụ "Ebube eruola" ma ọ bụ "Honour kpọtere m"). Ọ na-egosi mbata ma ọ bụ ọnụnọ nke nsọpụrụ na ugwu na ndụ nke onye ahụ 

## Onye ama ama aha ya
Bọl Oyebamiji, onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na onye na-echekwa ego na Naijiriaụlọ akụ

## Edemsibia
Our Lady of the Annunciation Cathedral, Ibadan

Our Lady of the Annunciation Cathedral [1] nke a na-akpọkwa Catholic Maronite Cathedral nke Ibadan bụ aha e nyere ụlọ okpukpere chi nke jikọrọ Ụka Katọlik nke dị n'obodo Ibadan isi obodo steeti Oyo na ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ nke mba Africa nke Nigeria.[2]. O kwesịghị ịdị mgbagwoju anya na Katidral St. Mary dị n'otu obodo ahụ mana nke ahụ na-agbaso usoro Latin ma ọ bụ Roman ma bụrụ ebe obibi nke Archdiocese mepere emepe nke Ibadan.

Ọ bụ ụlọ nsọ mbụ e tọrọ nkume mbụ ya n’afọ 2000, e dokwara ya nsọ mgbe afọ abụọ gachara.[1] Ọ na-agbaso usoro Maronite ma ọ bụ Antiochene bụ isi ụka nke Maronite Apostolic Exarchate nke West na Central Africa (Exarchatus Apostolicus Africae Centralis et Occidentalis) nke e mere site na mkpebi nke Pope Francis site na ehi "Patrimonium ecclesiarum" na January 13, 2014..

A raara ya nye Virgin Mary kpọmkwem maka ihe omume Bible nke Annunciation ma nọrọ n'okpuru ọrụ nke Nna Simon Faddoul.

## Hụkwa

* Okpukpe Katọlik na Naijiria
* Our Lady of the Annunciation Cathedral, Boston USA

## Edemsibia
Owanbe

Owanbe, nke a kpọkwara dị ka Ọwanbe, bụ okwu Yoruba maka nnọkọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ na Naịjirịa, ọkachasị n'etiti ndị Yoruba. Okwu a bu "Owanbe" sitere na okwu Yoruba "owan be," nke putara n'ememe ma obu oriri.[1] Ihe oriri Owanbe na-eme emume dị iche iche, gụnyere agbamakwụkwọ, ụbọchị ọmụmụ, emume ncheta, olili ozu, ime ụlọ, ngụsị akwụkwọ, na utu aha eze.[2] A maara ha maka ịba ọgaranya ha, ụdị ha, na nri, egwu, ịgba egwu, na ego n'ụba.

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Ndị otu Owanbe nwere mgbọrọgwụ n'akụkọ ihe mere eme malite n'oge ndị Yoruba tupu oge ọchịchị.[1] Ala eze ndị Yoruba, dị ka Oyo, Ife, Ijebu na Egba, bụ ndị a ma ama maka ọkaibe na omenala ha nke ime mmemme na ihe dị egwu. Iji maa atụ, Alaeze Ukwu Oyo na-eme mmemme Odun Oba, ma ọ bụ Ememe Eze, [2] na Alaeze Ife na-eme ememe Odun Olojo, ma ọ bụ ụbọchị okike.[3] N'oge ọchịchị, omenala ndị Yoruba na-adaba na mmetụta dị iche iche sitere n'Alaeze Ukwu Briten, nke mere ka e nwee nnọkọ nke Owanbe dị ka ụdị nkwupụta ọha na eze na nkwụsị.[4]. N'oge ndị ọchịchị gachara, ndị otu Owanbe tolitere wee gbasaa n'obosara, na-ewu ewu karịa n'etiti agbụrụ dị iche iche nke Naijiria yana usoro na teknụzụ zuru ụwa ọnụ na-emetụta..

## Ihe ndị e ji mara ya
A na-eji ọtụtụ ihe pụrụ iche mara oriri Owanbe, gụnyere egwu, ịgba egwu, nri, ejiji, na omume nke ịwụsa ego:

### Egwú na ịgba egwú
Egwú na ịgba egwú bụ ihe dị mkpa nke oriri Owanbe, na-enye ntụrụndụ maka ndị ọbịa. A na-akpọ ụdị egwu dịgasị iche iche, site na ọdịnala ruo n'oge a, na ụdị ịgba egwu dị iche iche. Ụfọdụ ndị egwu a ma ama na-eme na oriri Owanbe gụnyere King Sunny Adé, Ebenezer Obey, na ndị ọzọ. Ndị ọbịa na-etinye aka na asọmpi ịgba egwú ma gosipụta nkà ha.

### Nri
Nri bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke oriri Owanbe, na-anọchi anya ile ọbịa na ụbara. Nri ahụ gụnyere nri obodo na nke kọntinent, nke ndị ọkachamara na-enye nri ma ọ bụ ndị ezinụlọ kwadebere iji mezuo agụụ ndị ọbịa. Ihe ọṅụṅụ dị iche iche na-agbakwunye nri ahụ.

### Uwe ejiji
Uwe na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na oriri Owanbe, ebe ndị ọbịa na-eyikarị *[[Aso ebi]]* iji gosipụta na ha bụ ndị otu ma ọ bụ ezinụlọ. Omume a na-agụnye otu akwa na agba nke ndị ọbịa họọrọ. Ndị ọbịa na-egosi ụdị na àgwà ha site na uwe na ngwa ha.

### Ịfụsa ego
Spraying money is a distinctive feature of Owanbe parties, representing appreciation and support for the hosts and performers. Money is thrown or sprayed in various forms and denominations, and its meaning ranges from gratitude to wealth display. However, the practice has also faced criticism due to concerns about resource use and potential violations of currency-related regulations.

## Ụdị
A na-ahazi mmemme Owanbe dabere na mmemme ahụ, yana ụdị ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere agbamakwụkwọ, ụbọchị ọmụmụ, na olili ozu na ndị ọzọ.[1][2] Ụdị nke ọ bụla na-enye ohere maka ememe, na agbamakwụkwọ na-ewu ewu karịsịa, gụnyere mmemme na oriri dị iche iche.[3] Olili ozu, mgbe ọ na-adịkarị nsọ, nwekwara ike inwe akụkụ mmemme dabere na ọnọdụ.

## Edemsibia
Oyebola

Oyebola (Oyebola.oggⓘ) (nke pụtara "eze na-ezute akụnụba" ma ọ bụ "nsọpụrụ na-ezute akụnụba") bụ aha Yoruba Unisex.

## Ndị ama ama nwere aha a

* James Oyebola (10 June 1961 - 27 July 2007) bụ onye Naijiria na onye Britain na-akụ ọkpọ
* Oba Sefiu Oyebola Adeyeri III, Ajirotutu I (Ajirotutu I) bụ Aseyin nke 30 na nke ugbu a nke Iseyinland, steeti ọdịnala na Oyo, Nigeria.
Oyedele

OyedeleOyedele.oggⓘ bụ aha Yoruba nke pụtara "Honor abatala n'ụlọ" ma ọ bụ "Title abatala n'ụlọ." Ọ na-egosi onye ji utu aha pụtara ìhè, na-egosipụta obi ike, ugwu na ike. A na-akpụkọtakarị aha a ka ọ bụrụ Oye, nke pụtara “nsọpụrụ” ma ọ bụ “aha

* Maximillian Oyedele (amụrụ na 7 Nọvemba 2004), Onye na-agba bọọlụ
* Noimot Salako-Oyedele (amụrụ na 8 Jenụwarị 1966) Onye ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị Naijiria, injinia ahụike ọha na eze na ọkachamara n'ihe onwunwe
* Abdullahi Adekunle Oyedele (amụrụ na 15 Julaị 1999), onye Naijiria na-agba bọọlụ
* Ade Shola Oyedele (amụrụ na 14 Septemba 1984), onye Naijiria bụbu onye na-agba bọọlụ
* Emmanuel Oyedele Oluwaseun Opeoluwa Akan Oyeleke (amụrụ na 24 Disemba 1992), onye bọọlụ bọọlụ England

## Edemsibia
Oyelola

Oyelola (Oyelola.oggⓘ) (nke pụtara "nwere ihu ọma") bụ aha ndị Yoruba unisex nyere..

## Ndị ama ama nwere aha a

## Edemsibia
Oyinkansola

OyinkansolaOyinkansola.oggⓘ (nke pụtara "mmanụ aṅụ na-asọba n'akụnụba" ma ọ bụ "a na-atụba ụtọ n'ime akụ") bụ aha unisex nke Yoruba..

## Ndị ama ama nwere aha a

* Oyinkansola Abayomi (1897-1990), onye Naijiria na-ahụ mba n'anya na onye na-ahụ maka ụmụ nwanyị
* Oyinkansola "foza" Fawehinmi, onye ọka iwu ntụrụndụ Naijiria
* Oyinkansola Sarah Aderibigbe (amụrụ n'afọ 2002), onye na-agụ egwu na onye na-ede egwu nke Naijiria nke a maara dịka Ayra Starr

## Edemsibia
Panawa

Panawa (Bujiyel) bụ asụsụ East Kainji nke Naijiria[1] nke nwere ụyọkọ Shammo. 

Panawa nwere njikọ chiri anya na Boze.

## Nbudata
O yikarịrị ka e nwere ihe karịrị 3,000-4,000 agbụrụ Panawa. Ndị Panawa bi n'obodo ise na-esonụ nke Toro LGA, Bauchi State.

Obodo Panawa 5 dị na mbụ n'ugwu a na-akpọ Owo Panawa. Obodo 5 niile ka ebugara n'ala dị larịị n'afọ 1948, na-ejigide aha mbụ na aha ezinụlọ ha. Nke ọ bụla n'ime obodo nta a kwekọrọ na ebo na-apụ apụ.

## Edemsibia
Kofyar

Pan bụ ụyọkọ olumba Afro-Asiatic a na-asụ na Plateau State, Nigeria.

## Asụsụ
Olumba bụ Bwol, Dimmuk (Doemak), Gworam, Jipal, Kofyar (Kwong), Kwagallak (Kwolla), na Mirriam (Mernyang).

Blench (2019) depụtara ụdị asụsụ ndị a na ụyọkọ Pan.[1] Blench (2019) zoro aka na mpaghara obodo site na Hon, et al. (2014).

* **Mernyang**: a na-asụ ya n'obodo Dokan Kasuwa, Dokan Tofa, Kwaning, Laardang, Kwang, Kwa, Miket
* Doemak: a na-asụ ya na obodo Kofyar Doemak, Goechim, Ba'ap, Kopar, Doemak
* **Tèŋ** (**[[Nteng|Teng]]**): a na-asụ ya na Nteng, Gyeer, Ɗoop, Kelaghan, Loon, Kwakii, Zhep Morop, Gorom
* **Kwagallak**: a na-asụ ya na Tim, Kopfogon, Chim, Yitiar, Kwoor, Kwalla, Shangfuup, Kopbepang, Moeda
* **Bwol** (**Bwall**): a na-asụ ya n'obodo Dungras, Nakum, Tanba, Bwall, Goepil
* **Gworam**
* **Jipal**: a na-asụ ya na Katul, Kabum, Kanjing, Kaburuk, Shawk, Kaper, rundum, Jipal, Bul, Kwa, Male, Zwakal
* **Shindai**

Rịba ama na n'aha obodo nta, orthographic *oe* na-anọchite anya ụdaume etiti **ə**, omume nke ndị ozi ala ọzọ nabatara na mpaghara Shendam n'afọ ndị 1930, dị ka Nna E. Sirlinger.  

## Ihe edeturu
Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Pan-Nigerian

thumb|Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Pan-Nigerian
Mkpụrụedemede Pan-Nigerian bụ mkpụrụedemede Latin iri atọ na atọ ahaziri site na National Language Center of Nigeria na 1980s. E bu n’obi ka o zuo oke ide asụsụ niile nke Naijiria na-ejighi digraph

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
A na-asụ ọtụtụ narị asụsụ dị iche iche na Naịjirịa. Mkpụrụedemede Latịn dị iche iche mere ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-adịghị mma imepụta ụdị typewriter nke Nigeria. N'afọ ndị 1980, National Language Center (NLC) gbara mbọ ịmepụta otu mkpụrụedemede dabara adaba maka ide asụsụ niile nke mba ahụ, na dochie ojiji nke script Arabic, were dị ka mmalite ya ihe atụ nke ọkà mmụta asụsụ Kay Williamson tụpụtara n'afọ 1981. [ntụgharị chọrọ] E mepụtara ụdị ụdịdị na 1985–1986 na Edward Manjo na Victor-Ogue. enyemaka sitere n'aka Hermann Zapf.

## Ihe odide

A na-ejikwa ụda olu dị elu ('), ili (Iwu) na circumflex (ˆ) mee ihe iji gosi ụda dị elu, dị ala, na nke na-ada n'otu n'otu. A na-ahapụ ụda dị n'etiti (n'asụsụ ndị dị iche na High, Mid, na Low) na-enweghị akara.

## Keyboard
Olivetti mepụtara keyboard typewriter maka NLC: 

N'elu nhazi keyboard keyboard a, edeghị mkpụrụedemede Q na X n'ihi na ha abụghị akụkụ nke mkpụrụedemede, a ghaghị itinye ọnụọgụ 0 ma ọ bụ 1 dị ka mkpụrụedemede O na I. mkpịsị ugodi na-acha ntụ ntụ (maka kọmputa nke oge a) efuola.

Na keyboard nke oge a maka kọmputa, a na-etinye ọnụọgụ 0 na 1 dị iche iche na ọnọdụ ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe nke igodo nke ahịrị mbụ (dị ka ọnụọgụ ndị ọzọ), a na-edepụta mkpụrụedemede Q dị ka ọ dị na nhazi QWERTY, mana igodo nwụrụ anwụ na mmalite nke ahịrị nke mbụ na nke abụọ kwesịrị ịkwaga na igodo nke 102 na mmalite nke usoro mbụ (na-ebelata obosara nke igodo mgbanwe aka ekpe), na ọnọdụ gbanwere nke igodo ọhụrụ e kenyere na nọmba 0 na ahịrị nke farko.

N'ọnọdụ niile, igodo Enter nwere ike ịdị iche n'etiti igodo L a n'ahịrị abụọ, na igodo dị larịị naanị n'ahere nke atọ (na-ebugharị igodo e kenyere na mkpụrụedemede na njedebe nke ahịrị nke abụọ).

### Ngwaọrụ mkpanaka
Ụfọdụ keyboard smartphone dị ka Swiftkey, Touchpal, Multiling na keyboard Africa nwere nkwado zuru oke maka mkpụrụedemede Pan-Nigerian.

## Hụkwa

* Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ nke Asụsụ Cameroon
* Africa Alphabet
* Alphabet Reference Africa
* Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Dinka
* ISO 6438
* Alphabet nke Lepsius
* Mkpụrụ akwụkwọ Vietnamese

## Ihe edeturu na ntụaka
Asụsụ Ogbi nke Iraqi

**Iraqi Sign Language** () bu asụsụ ogbi nke Iraq.  Ọ dị ka ọ dị nso n'Asụsụ Ogbi nke Arab nke Levantine bụ asụsụ nkịtị nke Lebanon, Palestine, Syria na Jọdan. A na-akụzi ya n'ụlọ akwụkwọ asaa ma ọ bụ òtù ndị ogbi n'isi obodo Baghdad na obodo ise ndị ọzọ. 

## Asụsụ Ndị Ogbi Ndị Ọzọ
N'ime nnyocha e mere n'asụsụ ndị ogbi nke Jọdan, a chịkọtara ndepụta okwu sitere na Baghdad ma jiri ya tụnyere asụsụ ndị ogbi sitere na mba ise ndị ọzọ.  Achọpụtara na ọ nwere ihe karịrị 50% myirịta lexical na asụsụ ogbi nke Jọdan na Syria  

## Hụkwa

* Asụsụ Ogbi nke Kurdish
* Asụsụ Ogbi nke Levantine Arabic

## Ntụaka
Asụsụ Ogbi nke Libyan

**Libyan Sign Language** () bu asụsụ ogbi nke Libya. Ọ dị ka ọ bụ nke ezinụlọ asụsụ ogbi Arab (Hendriks 2008). 

## Ntụaka

# Asụsụ ogbi libyan na Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)

## Nsiputa

* [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] *Asụsụ Ogbi nke Jọdan: akụkụ nke ụtọ asụsụ site n'echiche asụsụ* (dissertation) https://web.archive.org/web/20131102005507/http://www.lotpublications.nl/publish/articles/003014/bookpart.pdf
* Suwed, Abdalla A. 1984. Lughat Al-Ishara Al-Irubiyah: Laughat As-Sum. Tripoli, Libya: Al-Mansha'ah Al Aamah Lin-Nasher wal I'lam.
Asụsụ Ogbi nke Levantine Arabic

**Asụsụ Ogbi nke Levantine Arabic** bụ asụsụ ogbi nke ndị bi n'ógbè a maara dị ka Bilad al-Sham ma ọ bụ Levant, nke gụnyere Jọdan, Palestine, Siria, na Lebanọn. N'agbanyeghị na enwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na okwu n'etiti steeti anọ ahụ, nke a adịchaghị ukwuu karịa ndịiche mpaghara n'ime steeti ahụ.  Ụtọ  asụsụ bụ nnọọ otu na nghọta otu dị elu, na-egosi na ha bụ olumba nke otu asụsụ.[2]

Asụsụ a na-agakarị n'aha obodo, dịka:

* Jọdan SL: , Lughat il-Ishārah il-Urduniyyah (LIU) 
* Lebanese SL: , Lughat al-Ishārāt al-Lubnāniyyah (LIL) 
* Palestinian SL: لغة IBBarat الفلسطينية, Lughat al-Ishārāt al-Filisṭīniyyah (LIF) 
* Syrian SL: , Lughat il-Ishārah il-Sūriyyah (LIS) 

## Ntụaka

# Asụsụ ogbi nke Levantine na Ethnologue (25th., 2022)  
# Hendriks 2008.

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ

* 
*
Asụsụ Ogbi nke Omani

Ọ dịkarịa ala ụfọdụ ndị ogbi bi na Oman na-eji asụsụ ogbi eme ihe. O doghị anya ma enwere otu asụsụ n'ofe obodo ahụ, ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ọ dị iche na asụsụ ogbi nke mba ndị agbata obi. Ndị ọchịchị na-enye ndị uwe ojii ọzụzụ maka ndị nsụgharị akara na-ekwu naanị maka "Asụsụ ogbi nke Arab".  

Ndị uwe ojii Royal Oman enyela ndị otu niile ndị ntụgharị okwu .

## Ntụaka

# Eweputara 4 Maachi 2016 na Way back Machine
# Eweputara 2013-11-09 na Way back Machine
Paxherbals

Paxherbals makwaara dị ka Pax Herbal Clinic na Research Laboratories bụ ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọgwụ ọzọ nke Naijiria nke Adodo Anselm tọrọ ntọala na 1996 na Ebe obibi ndị mọnk Ewu.

Ụlọ ọrụ ahụ nakweere usoro sayensị dabere na akara ọgwụ ọdịnala ya nke Afrịka nke ọgwụ ọzọ site n'ịmepụta ụlọ nyocha sayensị atọ maka ọrụ ya.[1]. Nke a bụ n’ebumnobi ịgbasa echiche ogologo oge nke metụtara omume ahịhịa ahịhịa ndị Africa na Nigeria na n’ọtụtụ akụkụ nke Africa bụ nke jikọtara ọgwụ ahịhịa na amoosu, ịgba afa, okpukperechi, ikpere arụsị, na ụdị omume fetish niile.

Ka ọ na-erule 2017, Paxherbals nwere ọnụnọ na steeti 26 site na steeti 36 nke Naịjirịa nwere netwọk nke 1,000 ndị na-ekesa ọgwụ ọzọ. Ngwaahịa ahụike iri atọ na atọ bụ nke ụlọ ọrụ Naịjirịa National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) kwadoro.  [a]

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
thumb|Ihe owuwu Pax Herbal Center

### 1997 ruo 2007
N'afọ 1997, onye guzobere Paxherbals (Adodo Anselm) malitere obere ogige ahịhịa na Ewu Monastery ebe ọ na-akụ osisi ọgwụ. A na-eji ọgwụ ahịhịa mbụ sitere n'ubi ahịhịhịa eme ọgwụ maka ọrịa ndị a na-ahụkarị dị ka ịba na ụkwara. A gbazinyere ihe dị ka puku Nairas iri atọ (NGN 40,000 ma ọ bụ ihe dị ka $ 200) iji wuo ụlọ ọgwụ nwere ọnụ ụlọ atọ ebe Anselm na onye ọrụ mbụ ya bụ John gara. N'oge na-adịghị anya, a kpọrọ ụlọ ọgwụ ahụ nwere ọnụ ụlọ atọ Pax Herbal Center.Ka ọ na-erule n'ọnwa Mee afọ 2006, Paxherbals ewuola ụlọ nyocha nke Chief Lucky Igbinedion, Gọvanọ nke Edo Steeti (1999-2007) nyere iwu. Ụlọ nyocha ahụ gụnyere ụlọ nyocha njikwa mma na ụlọ nyocha microbiology. Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2008, Pax Herbal Clinic na Research Laboratories aghọwo nnukwu, nke kachasị mma, nke a haziri nke ọma, na nke kachasị mma n'Africa. 

## Nnyocha
thumb|Nnyocha Paxherbal na ụlọ nyocha njikwa mma
thumb|Paxherbals Ụlọ nyocha nke nhazi ngwaahịa
Iwu na-adịghị mma na nyocha nke ezughi oke bụ ihe na-egbochi omume ọgwụ herbal na Africa.[1] Iji gbanwee akụkọ a, Paxherbals kere otu nyocha nke bụ ngwakọta nke exogenous (ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ, ndị na-ahụ maka botanist, ndị ọkà mmụta ọgwụ, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ụlọ nyocha na ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị osisi) na ụmụ amaala (ndị nlekọta ọmụmụ omenala, ndị na-ese ọkpụkpụ, ndị taxonomist mpaghara, ndị na-akọ akụkọ ihe mere eme obodo, na ndị na-ahụ maka ọgwụ).[2] Ndị otu a na-eme nchọpụta bụ onye isi prọfesọ Okogun Joseph, onye bụ onye isi nyocha na mmepe sayensị.

### Mụ na Institute of African Studies
thumb|Ụlọ nyocha nke herbarium Paherbals
Paxherbals esorowo Institute of African Studies (IAS) jikọọ aka iji gbanwee ụzọ a na-amụta ma na-akụzi ọgwụ mkpá akwụkwọ na Naijiria. Site na kọmitii agụmakwụkwọ nke mahadum na-akwado usoro agụmakwụkwọ ọhụrụ, mahadum ahụ na-emeghe ịnabata ụmụ akwụkwọ maka masters na Ph.D ọmụmụ na Ọgwụ Ọdịnala Afrịka.

## Ihe ịma aka
Nnukwu ihe ịma aka maka mbọ nyocha na Paxherbals bụ iwu gọọmentị Naijiria nke chọrọ ka a na-eme nnwale ahụike na mmekorita ya na gọọmentị ma ruo ugbu a, nke a egosighi na ọ ga-ekwe omume  ruo 2016 mgbe edere ụfọdụ mgbalị mmekorita.

## Edemsibia
Ihe nrite ndị mmadụ maka akụkọ Afrịka

The People Journalism Prize for Africa (PJPA) bụ onyinye nturu ugo ọrụ ọha na eze na-amata ndị nta akụkọ pụtara ìhè na ndị nta akụkọ ụmụ amaala n'Africa, ndị ọrụ ha butere mgbanwe dị mma na mmetụta na ọha mmadụ. Emepụtara PJPA na 2020 site na onyinye mmalite nke US $3000 sitere n'aka ndị guzobere Gatefield, atụmatụ ọha na otu mgbasa ozi dabere na mpaghara ndịda Sahara Africa.[1] Ndị nta akụkọ nyocha, Kiki Mordi na Fisayo Soyombo natara mbipụta mmalite nke ihe nrite a na February 2020..

## Ihe omume mmeghe
E mere ihe nrite PJPA nke 2019 na Abuja na Febụwarị 20, 2020, Ụbọchị Ikpe Ziri Ezi nke Ụwa, n'ụzọ kwekọrọ na ọhụụ nke atụmatụ ahụ, nke bụ iji chebe ikpe ziri ezi nke ọha na eze site n'ịkwalite ọrụ odeakụkọ onwe ya na mgbasa ozi n'efu. Emume mmeri ahụ nwere usoro ndị ọkà okwu gụnyere ndị isi mba nke UN Women, Open Society Initiative for West Africa na ndị ọzọ. UN jiri ihe omume ahụ mee ihe iji kwado ka a gafee iwu iyi egwu mmekọahụ, ebe onye mmeri mbụ, Fisayo, kwupụtara onyinye ego ya nye ụlọ ọrụ na-enweghị uru nke na-akwado mgbanwe ikpe mpụ. N'oge ihe omume ahụ, e nyere onye na-akwado ikpe ziri ezi, Segun Awosanya, ihe nrite 2019 People Champion.

Ndị mmeri nke onyinye PJPA na-ekpe ikpe site na ndị na-esonụ na-eje ozi na bọọdụ nke Gatefield Impact Foundation.

### Ndị natara ya

## Edemsibia
Ememme Egwú Paradaịs na Onyinye

Paradaịs Music Festival na Awards (nke mbụ a maara dị ka Paradise Music Awards) hiwere na 2012 ma gọọmentị Cross River steeti kwadoro ya. Emebere ihe nrite a iji mee mmemme pụrụ iche na ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ n'ofe South South Nigeria.[1] [2] [3] Edepụtara ya na kalenda mmemme nke Calabar Carnival kwa afọ.[4] Ihe nrite a dị na ngalaba abụọ; ngalaba nturu ugo pụrụiche nke a na-enye ndị omenkà egwu egwu na otu asọmpi nke a na-eme site na ịtụ vootu n'ịntanetị. 

Ụfọdụ ndị ama ama nwetara mmemme egwu Paradaịs na ihe nrite gụnyere Gọvanọ steeti Cross River steeti Ben Ayade, Iyanya, Sunny Neji, Mista Xto na ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ. 

## Akụkọ ihe mere eme
Emere emume egwu Paradise na onyinye na 2012 na họtel Joranny dị ka Paradise Music Awards site n'aka onye egwu Efik bụ Effiom Trombone onye a maara nke ọma na steeti Cross River maka egwu ya 'Ikwo Calabar' na 'eyen calabar'. Ọ malitere emume mmeri a na 2012 wee gaa n'ihu mgbe a họpụtara ya dị ka onye enyemaka pụrụ iche nye Gọvanọ Ben Ayade na ntụrụndụ na 2019 ma gọọmentị Cross River State kwadoro ya ma tinye ya na kalenda ihe omume nke Calabar Carnival kwa afọ. 

N'afọ 2016 mgbe a malitere mbipụta nke atọ, a gbanwere aha ya ka ọ bụrụ emume egwu Paradise na onyinye iji gosipụta oke ya ma mee emume talent na South South, Nigeria 

## Ụdị

### Ihe nrite ndụ
N'ime ụdị a, a na-asọpụrụ ndị mmadụ mere ihe dị iche ma nye aka na ihe ịga nke ọma na mmepe nke ụlọ ọrụ ntụrụndụ. 

### Ihe nrite pụrụ iche

* Ihe ngosi ọhụrụ nke Afọ ahụ
* Abụ Afọ
* Alụmụaka Afọ
* Nwanyị na-ese ihe n'afọ
* RAP/HIP HOP Artistite nke Afọ
* GOSPEL Artistite nke Afọ
* DJ nke Afọ ahụ
* Òtù Na-enweghị Nwunye nke Afọ
* OAP nke Afọ
* Onye na-emepụta ihe n'afọ
* Vidio nke Afọ
* RAGGAE DANCEHALL Artistite nke Afọ
* Onye MUSIC nke Afọ ahụ

## Edemsibia
Philip Hunsu Ajose

Philip Hunsu Ajose (10 Ọgọst 1932 - 2 Maachị 2001) bụ pastọ nke atọ nke Celestial Church of Christ (CCC), nọchiri Alexander Abiodun Adebayo Bada na 2 October 2000 ma bụrụkwa onye a kpọpụtara ya onye isi na 24 Disemba 2000.[1] N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe a họpụtara ya ọ dara ọrịa, na-anwụ na 2 Maachị 2001. 

## Afọ ndị mbụ
A mụrụ Ajose na 10 August 1932 na Badagry, Lagos State, Nigeria. Nna ya bụ onye nkwado nke United Methodist African Church na Eleja, Badagry. Ajose gara ụlọ akwụkwọ St Thomas Primary, Badagry (1939 - 1949). Ndị na-ahụ maka ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Naịjirịa nabatara ya maka nkuzi afọ atọ na Mechanical Engineering, wee gụchaa asambodo na Internal combustion engineering. O nwetara ọrụ n'ụlọ ọrụ Electric Corporation of Nigeria (ECN) na 1951, na-arụ ọrụ na ọdụ ọkụ Ijora. E bufere ya na obodo Benin ka ọ bụrụ onye nlekọta n'afọ 1961, Oshogbo n'afọ 1967, Ajure n'afọ 1970 na Badagry n'afọ 1971 ebe ọ nọkwa n'ọkwa onye nlekọta mpaghara Superintendent.

## Ọrụ chọọchị
Mgbe ọ na-arụ ọrụ na ECN Ajose na-arụsi ọrụ ike na CCC, ma guzobe ihe karịrị 200 parishes nke ụka na ebe dị iche iche e kenyere ya.Ajose gbara arụkwaghịm na ECN na 1976 iji rụọ ọrụ oge niile maka CCC.N'ịmata ikike nchịkwa ya, onye guzobere Celestial Samuel Bilehou Oschoffa nyere ya ọrụ iji dochie onye ọsụ ụzọ Shepherd Overseas, Paul O. Okuneye JP. na 1979, iji chịa Overseas Diocese nke CCC nwere isi ụlọ ọrụ na London, na-ekpuchi Great Britain, Europe, Canada, na United States.Mgbe Alexander Bada nwụrụ, Kọmitii Ụwa nke Shepherd họọrọ Papa Ajose dị ka onye ụkọchukwu na onye isi ime mmụọ nke CCC Worldwide.N'oge na-adịghị anya mgbe a họpụtara ya, ọ dara ọrịa, nwụọ na 2 E liri ya na 30 Machị 2001 na ebe nzukọ nke Chọọchị na Celestial Holy City Imeko, Ogun State . E nwere esemokwu ndị isi banyere onye ga-anọchi Ajose, ụfọdụ na-ekwupụta Gilbert Oluwatosin Jesse bụ onye ndú, ebe ndị ọzọ kwetara na Reverend Emmanuel Oschoffa, nwa onye guzobere ụka Samuel Oshoffa.

## Edemsibia
Plantain mosa

Plantain mosa bụ nri Naijiria nke bụ akụkụ nke obere mkpọ. Akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke obere mkpọ gụnyere ọkụkọ grilled, akwụkwọ mpịakọta mmiri, samosa na puff puff..

Mosa yiri Tatale Ghana ma e wezụga na a na-eji plantain, àkwá na ntụ ọka chara acha eme ya ebe nke ikpeazụ na-eji otu plantain, ginger na ngwa nri eme ya. Puff Puff na Mosa yikwara belụsọ na Mosa nwere uto nke Plantain

Ụfọdụ ihe ndị ọzọ eji eme plantain Mosa gụnyere yabasị, mmanụ ihe oriri, ose bonnet na yist. A na-eghe plantain a wụsara nke ọma ruo mgbe aja aja n'akụkụ ihe ndị ọzọ; Enwere ike iri Mosa dị ka nri ụtụtụ n'ụlọ.&nbsp;

## Hụkwa

* Nri Naijiria
* Ezigbo osisi
* Nri Nri

## Ihe odide
Philip Adeyemo

Philip Adeyemo[1] (amuru 19 Mee 1949) bu onye bishọp Anglịkan na Naijiria: [2] ọ bu Bishọp nke diocese Omu-Aran, otu n'ime asaa na Anglican Province nke Kwara, n'onwe ya otu n'ime 14 n'ime Ụka Nigeria..

A mụrụ Adeyemo na 19 Mee 1949 na Oyun, Kwara State. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Mahadum Ilorin na Imanuel College of Theology, Ibadan. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na gateway Insurance Co tupu ọzụzụ dị ka onye ụkọchukwu. O jidere

Ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 2019, ebe ọ ruru afọ ezumike nkwe nke afọ 70.

## Ihe edeturu

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Asụsụ Yangulam

**Yangulam** bụ asụsụ Rai Coast a na-asụ na Madang Province, Papua New Guinea .

## Ntụaka
asụsụ

## Njikọ mpụga

* Paradaịsc nwere mkpokọta oghere mepere emepe nke gụnyere akụrụngwa asụsụ Yangulam sitere na Don Daniels
Asụsụ Purgi

**Purgi**, **Burig**, *Purki*, *Purik*, *Purigi* ma ọ bụ *Puriki* ( Tibet script : , Nasta'līq script :  ) bụ asụsụ Tibetic nwere njikọ chiri anya na asụsụ Ladakhi - Balti . Ndị Purigpa na-asụ Purgi na mpaghara Ladakh nke India na mpaghara Baltistan nke Pakistan . Enwere ihe dị ka ndị na-asụ asụsụ 94,000 na India. 

Ọtụtụ n'ime Purigpas bụ ndị Alakụba Shia, ọ bụ ezie na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ịrịba ama n'ime ha na-agbaso Noorbakhshi na Sunni Islam, na obere obere ndị Buddha na ndị na-eso Bön bi na mpaghara dị ka ndagwurugwu Fokar, Mulbekh, Wakha. Dị ka Baltis, ha na-asụ otu olumba Tibet nke nwere njikọ chiri anya na Balti na Ladakhi . Purigi nwere njikọ chiri anya na Balti karịa Ladakhi, yabụ enwere echiche dị iche iche n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta asụsụ na-atụle Purigi na Balti dị ka asụsụ dị iche iche ma ọ bụ naanị ụdị dị iche iche nke otu asụsụ.   

## fonology

### Consonants

* /pʰ/ nwekwara ike ghọta dị ka fricative [f].
* /r/ na-enwekarị fricativized, a na-anụ ya dị ka [r̝].

### Udaume

* /a/ nwere ike na-anụkarị dị ka azụ [ʌ] ma ọ bụ centralized [ʌ̈], na ụfọdụ gburugburu dị ka [ɛ].
* A na-anụkarị ụda /e, o/ dị ka [ɛ, ɔ].
* Enwere ike ịnụ /e/ dị ka [ə] mgbe n'ime mkpụrụokwu na-enweghị mgbakasị ahụ. 

## Ntụaka
ma ọ bụ centralized n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nnyocha site
Peter Imhona Onekpe

Peter Imhona Onekpe (amụrụ 15 February 1949) bụ Bishọp Anglican nke Ika[1] na Bendel Province[2] nke Ụka Nigeria.

Onekpe bụ bishọp ọsụ ụzọ mgbe e guzobere Dayọsis Ika n'afọ 2001.[1][2][3] Ọ lara ezumike nká na 2018,[4] na Godfrey Ifeanyi Ekpenisi ka a họpụtara dị ka Bishọp nke abụọ nke Ika na Septemba 2018.. 

A mụrụ Onekpe na 15 February 1949 na Etsako West, Edo State. Ọ gara St. Peter's Anglican Secondary Modern School, Jattu-Uzairue, site na 1961 ruo 1963, wee soro Catechist Training School dị n'Akure wee gụchaa na 1967. Ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Immanuel College of Theology, Ibadan na 1974, wee chie ya echichi na 1975. 

Onekpe bụ Bishọp nke anọ nke Benin, raara ya nye na 1995, ma sụgharịa ya na Diocese Esan na Septemba 2000.

## Edemsibia

Otú:Mmadụ ndi di ndụ
Asụsụ Huishui Miao

**Huishui Miao**, aka **Huishui Hmong**, bụ asụsụ Miao nke China. A na-akpọ ya aha Huishui County, Guizhou, n'agbanyeghị na ọ bụghị ụdị niile ka a na-asụ n'ebe ahụ. Ihe njedebe a bụ *Mhong*, n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-ekerịta nke a na Gejia na ọ bụ naanị nsụgharị dị iche iche nke Hmong .

Enyere Huishui dị ka otu obere nke Western Hmongic na Strecker (1987). Matisoff (2001) kewara ya gaa n’asụsụ anọ dị iche iche, ma, n’ichekwaghị ya, ejighị ya dị ka otu.

## Ọnụọgụ igwe mmadụ
N'okpuru ebe a bụ ndepụta nke olumba Miao na ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-ekwu okwu na nkesa ha sitere na Li (2018),  yana data ndị nnọchiteanya sitere na Wang (1985). 

Dị ka Sun (2017) siri kwuo, a na-asụ olumba ugwu Huishui Miao n'ime obodo ndị a site na mkpokọta ndị na-ekwu okwu 50,000. 

* Obodo Guiyang : Gaopo 高坡
* Mpaghara Huishui : Yangchang 羊场
* Mpaghara nduzi : Tangbao 塘堡, Pingfa 平伐, wdg.

## Ntụaka
ọ bụghị ụdị niile ka a na-asụ n'ebe ahụ. Ihe njedebe a bụ Mhong, n'agbanyeghị
Asụsụ Mentawai

**Asụsụ Mentawai** bụ asụsụ Ọstrelia, nke ndị Mentawai bi na agwaetiti Mentawai, West Sumatra, Indonesia na-asụ.

## Olumba
Dị ka *Ethnologue* si kwuo, olumba Mentawai gụnyere: Silabu, Sipura&nbsp;- Simalegi, Sakalagan, Saumanganja&nbsp;- North Siberut, South Siberut&nbsp;- Taikaku&nbsp;– Agba. 

Syamsir Arifin, et al. (1992) depụta olumba iri na abụọ nke Mentawai:
 
Olumba dị na Siberut Island bụ: 

* Sikapone
* Togiiite
* Pokai
* Simajegi
* Simatalu
* Paipajet
* Sakuddei
* Sagulubbe
* Sirileu
* Sikabaluan
* Sempungan
* Saibi & Sarabua
* Silaoinan
* Sarareiket
* Sabirut

## fonology

### Consonants

* Enwere ike ịnụ ụda olu / b ɡ k/ dị ka [β ɣ ʔ]. [t͡ɕ] bụ ụda pụrụ iche na Mentawai, mana enyeghị ọkwa fọnịm site na Syamsir et al. n'ihi enweghị obere ọdịiche. 
* Ọkara ụdaume /wj/ na-apụta naanị n'ọnọdụ ikpeazụ.

### Udaume

## Ntụaka
n'etiti ndị ọkà mmụta

## Akwụkwọ akụkọ
Asụsụ Hruso

**Hruso**, makwaara dị ka **Aka** (Angka), bụ asụsụ Arunachal Pradesh India. Ogologo oge a na-eche na ọ bụ asụsụ Sino-Tibet, ọ nwere ike ịbụ asụsụ dịpụrụ adịpụ .   Ndị mmadụ 3,000 na-asụ ya n'ime obodo 21 dị na Thrizino Circle, West Kameng District .  Ndị Hruso bi na mpaghara South East Kameng ma gbadoro anya na Ndagwurugwu Bichom River, ma na-asụ Bekee, Hindi, na Miji na mgbakwunye na Hruso. 

Bangru (Ləvai), nke a na-asụ n'ókè Tibet, nwere ike ịbụ ihe metụtara Hruso, mana o yikarịrị ka ọ bụ olumba nke Miji . 

## Ebe
Dị ka *Ethnologue* si kwuo, a na-asụ Hruso n'ime obodo ndị a nke Thrizino Circle, West Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh, na India.
 
A na-asụkwa Hruso na obodo Pisang, Seppa Circle, East Kameng district .

## Ọnọdụ
Ethnologue depụtara asụsụ dị ka 6b, ma ọ bụ “egwu”, otu a ka enwere ike ikwu na ihe atụ ọzọ, ebe ELP, ma ọ bụ Edangered Languages Project, na 20% doro anya depụtakwara ya dị ka "egwu."

## Olumba/ụdị dị iche iche
Akwụkwọ *Hruso* nke Robert Shafer dere, kwuru na olumba abụọ e kewara Hruso. A maara nke mbụ na Campbell na-edekọ ya na asụsụ nke abụọ amara na Anderson, Hesslmeyer na Payne na-edekọ ya. Ọzọkwa olumba A nwere ụfọdụ ihe dị iche iche na okwu ma e jiri ya tụnyere olumba B. Olumba A makwaara na a na-edepụta nkenke ma bụrụ ihe ochie karịa olumba B nke nwere ntakịrị ihe ndekọ ndekọ n'azụ ya.

**Olumba A** 1 Anderson hhu, k'ii "mmiri", Hess. xu. Na. diaha (p.&nbsp;9), diak'a (17) " echi ". Na. yo "taa", ya "ugbua". Na. k'sesi " ewu" (6), k's8 (18), H. kisie, P. k'esi, k'isi. Ogige. gle "ụkwụ", P. -ksi, si-, si, Na. -ị, H. si. 2 Ịta; p.&nbsp;17, iri nri. 3 Na na-yu "ear emerald". 4 Consonant yiri ka ọ na-agbapụta n'ime mgbọrọgwụ a n'asụsụ ụfọdụ na ụdaume ma eleghị anya na-adapụta, ma eleghị anya n'ihi *-s ndị a. Mana asụsụ ndị a edekọchaghị nke ọma ka ọ bụrụ ihe ndabere maka nkwubi okwu. 

## Ntụaka
abụọ amara na Anderson, Hesslmeyer na Payne na-edekọ ya. Ọzọkwa olumba A nwere ụfọdụ ihe dị iche iche na okwu ma

* Blench, Roger. 2018. Asụsụ Hruso: eserese ụtọ asụsụ na ndepụta okwu .

## Njikọ mpụga

* Languages.com
* Simon, IM (1993) Ntuziaka asụsụ Aka
* Nchịkọta ELAR: Akwụkwọ na Nkọwa nke Asụsụ Hrusso Aka nke Arunachal Pradesh nke Vijay D'Souza debere
James Nowlan

thumb|168x168px|James Nowlan
thumb|James Nowlan (n'aka nri - uwe ojii na okpu eji agba bọọlụ) na-enye aka na Michael Collins (n'akụkụ aka ekpe) n'ihu 1921 Leinster throwing final
James Nowlan (1862 - June 1924) bụ onye isi oche nke Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) site na 1901 ruo 1921 ma bụrụ onye isi oche ogologo oge nke akwụkwọ ahụ.   Ọ bụkwa onye ọnọdụ Sinn Féin na onye otu Gaelic League.    N'afọ 2009, a set aha ya na ndepụta Sunday Tribune nke 125 Most Influential People in GAA History. 

## Oge ọ malitere
A unit Nowlan na Monasterevin, County Kildare na 1862 ma depụta ya na ike dị n'ahụ dị ka onye a na-eme baputiziiz na Cowpasture, Monasterevi na 25 Mee 1862.  Nna ya, Patrick Nowlan, bụ onye otu Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) na enyi James Stephens.[1]  Patrick Nowlan bụ onye na-arụ ọrụ n'Obodo Kilkenny ma Dị anya ọ si ebe ahụ gaa ọrụ na Cassidy's Whiskey na Monasterevin.[2][3]  James Nowlan zụkwara dị ka onye na-eme ihe nkiri.  

## Ọrụ
Nowlan bụ onye otu Conradh na Gaeilge, onye na-akwado ndụ ya niile nke ọma omume Asụsụ Irish na onye na-ahụ Sinn Féin site na ntọala ya na 1905. N'afọ 1898, a chọpụtara ya ka ọ onye isi nke Kilkenny Corporation.    [citation need] O jiri oge ya n' ike nyere aka kwalite GAA, nke e edu afã 14 tupu mgbe ahụ ma ọ bụrụ ọhụrụ n'oge ahụ.  [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji] 

 Na 1900 ọ ghọrọ onyeisi oche mbụ nke Leinster Council nke GAA.  A họpụtara ya onyeisi oche GAA na mba na 1901 Congress mere na Septemba nke afọ ahụ.  Ọ ga-ejide ọnọdụ ahụ afọ iri abụọ - mee ka ọ bụrụ onyeisi oche kachasị ogologo oge.[1]  N'oge ọ nọ n'ọkwa ọchịchị, ọ nwara iduzi nzukọ a n'ụzọ mba ọzọ.

 Mgbe Ista Rising hụrụ, ndị ndú Britain jidere Nowlan na Mee 1916 ma tinye ya n'Ogige ndị nlekọta Frongoch na Wales.    N'Ọnọ Ọgọstụ nke afọ ahụ, a tọhapụrụ ya ma gaa n'ihu na ọrụ GAA na Sinn Féin.    [citation need] O nkwado maka IRA n'ihu ọha n'oge Irish War of Independence.    Na 1921 Congress, nke e mere na Machị nke awụ ahụ, Nowlan lara ezumike nká dị ka onye isi oche GAA, a chọpụtara ya dị ka onye ndu ndụ nke ahụ - naanị onye a ga- ike.  [Ihe e dere n'ala ala peeji]

## Ọnwụ na ihe nketa
Nowlan nwụrụ na June 1924 n'etiti afọ 70.   [citation need] Nowlan Park, GAA stadium na obodo ya Kilkenny, ka a nyere aha ya iji sọpụrụ ya apụ awụ ka e nwee.    [citation need] E liri ya na ili ozu Glasnevin.  Enweghị nkume isi n'ili ya ruo n'afọ 2013 mgbe GAA sere obe Celtic.[1]  Na September 2016 GAA, ihe nrite ọhụrụ nke James Nowlan Cup ka a ga-enye ndị mmeri All-Ireland n'okpuru afọ 21.

## Ihe odide
Asụsụ Khumi

**Khumi**, ma ọ bụ **Khumi Chin**, bụ asụsụ Kuki-Chin-Mizo nke Burma, nke nwere ụfọdụ ndị na-asụ n'ofe ókè na Bangladesh . Khumi na-ekekọrịta 75%-87% myirịta lexical na Eastern Khumi, yana myirịta 78-81% na Mro-Khimi . 

## Nkesa ala
A na-asụ **Khumi** kwesịrị ekwesị n'obodo ndị a dị na Myanmar ( *Ethnologue* ).

* Mpaghara osimiri Kaladan na obodo Paletwa, Chin State
* Obodo ole na ole na obodo Kyauktaw, Rakhine State .

A na-asụ **Khumi Eastern** ( **Khami** ) n'obodo ndị a dị na Myanmar ( *Ethnologue* ). Asụsụ Khumi nke Eastern nwere oke nghọta n'otu n'otu, yana olumba niile na-ekekọrịta opekata mpe 74% myirịta lexical, n'agbanyeghị na enwere àgwà siri ike megide ịkekọrịta otu akwụkwọ. N'ihe gbasara myirịta okwu, olumba Nisay, Nideun na Khongtu na-eketa 92%–97% ebe olumba Kenlak na Asang na-ekekwa 92%–97%.  Ụdị Likhy dị iche iche nke Eastern Khumi na Mro-Khimi Chin na-ekekọrịta 86%-90% myirịta okwu. 

* Obodo Matupi, Chin State (na obodo anọ)
* Ime obodo Sami, obodo Paletwa, Chin State (na obodo 85)

## Olumba
*Ethnologue* depụtara olumba ndị a.

* **Khumi**
** Pi Chaung
** Kaladan
** Eastern Kaladan
** Ndịda Paletwa
* **Eastern Khumi** ( **Khami** )
** Nisay (Nise, Palyng, Tao Cha)
** Nideun (Amlai, Ghu, Laungtha, Maru, Paru, Tahaensae, Taheunso, Uiphaw)
** Lemi (Akelong, Aki Along, Kaja, Kajauk)
** Khongtu
** Likhy (Likhaeng)
** Rengcaa (Namboi, Nangbwe)
** Kenlak
** Asang (Kasang, Sangtha)

The **Kasang** (nke a makwaara dị ka Khenlak, Ta-aw, Hkongsa-Asang, Hkongso-Asang, Asang, na Sangta) na-ewere onwe ha dị ka agbụrụ Hkongso, mana asụsụ ha na Khumi nwere nghọta karịa Anu ma ọ bụ Hkongso (Wright 2009).  Obodo ndị a gụnyere Lamoitong na Tuirong.

## Ntụaka
ha dị ka agbụrụ Hkongso, mana asụsụ ha n niile na-ekekọrịta

* Aha, Kristen. 2011. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200501010408/https://inter.payap.ac.th/wp-content/uploads/linguistics_students/Kristen_Herr_Thesis.pdf Ntụgharị ụda olu nke obere mkpụrụokwu, etinyere na Lemi Chin]* . Tesis nke nna ukwu.
* Lung, K Nu San. 2017. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20200502150812/https://inter.payap.ac.th/wp-content/uploads/linguistics_students/Thesis_NuNu_April27_2017.pdf Ịdị mkpa nke asụsụ na egwu n'etiti ndị Lemi na South Chin Steeti Myanmar]* . Tesis nke Master.
* Peterson, David A. 2012. *Ụyọkọ Khumi na ebe ya na Kuki-Chin-Mizo* . Akwụkwọ ewepụtara na ICSTLL 45, Singapore.
Barra Ó Donnabháin

Barra Ó Donnabháin (1941-2003) bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ ozi New York Irish Echo .  Akụkọ ya kwa izu n'Asụsụ Irish nke ihuenyo Macalla kwuru maka ahia Irish na ndị ya na Ireland na United States.  [1] Hilary Mhic Suibhne na Eibhlín Zurell dezisaar ma azaa ụfọdụ isiokwu ya n'ime ịka nká Súil Siar: Cnuasach Aistí le Barra Ó Donnabháin (2008).  O dekwara maka magazin Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann, nakwa, nakwa akwụkwọ ọmụmụ Foinse na Saol.  Ọ ga-agụ kọlụm dere Irish ya site na Irish Echo na mmemme redio kwa izu Míle Fáilte na WFUV .  [2] Ọ nhọrọkwaara Irish na n'azọ izu, nke Daltaí na Gaeilge haziri.

A mụrụ ya na West Cork, Ireland, Barra Ó Donnabháin kwagara na United States na 1963 ebe ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka injinia ngwanrọ.

## Okwu Ncheta Barra Ó Donnabháin
N'afọ 2006, Glucksman Ireland House nke Mahadum New York, Barra Ó Donnabháin Lecture kwa afọ iji sọpụrụ ezinụlọ ya na nri ya nye ndị na-asụ nta Irish.  Ọ bụ Prọfesọ Tomás Ó hÍde kwuru okwu mmeghe na 2006.[1]  Ihe atụ nke ndị ọkà okwu ndị sochirinụ n'afọ ndị sochirinụrụ akpụ Éamon Ó Cuív, T.D.,[2] Padraic Ó Ciardha,[3] Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill,[4] Prọfesọ Alan Titley,[5] Dr. Louis de Paor,[6] Prọfesor Brian Ó Conchubhair,[7].

## Ihe odide

* Ó Donnabháin, Barra, Súil Siar: Cnuasach Aistí le Barra Ó Donnabhayin, Hilary Mhic Suibhne and Eibhlín Zurell (ed.). Daltaí na Gaeilge 2008

## Njikọ mpụga

* 2017 Ịgụ Ihe
* Ịgụ Ihe na 2018
* 2019 Ịgụ Ihe
* 2020 Ịgụ Ihe
Fergal O'Hanlon

Fergal O'Hanlon (Irish: Feargal Ó hAnnluain (2 February 1936 - 1 January 1957) bụ onye ọrụ afọ na Pearse Column Ndị Irish Republican Army . 

## Ihe ndị mere n'oge gara aga
A mụrụ na Ballybay, County Monaghan, Ireland, n'ime ezinaụlọ ndị mba ofesi, Feargal O'Hanlon bụ onye na-ede akwụkwọ nke Monaghan County Council were ọrụ.  Ọ bụ onye egwuregwu Gaelic [1] [2] na onye na-akwado asụsụ Irish.  Onye Katọlik ji okpukpe kpọrọ ihe, O'Hanlon tụlere ịbụ onye ụkọchukwu wee nọrọ otu afọ na seminarị na St. Macartan.[3]  N'akwụkwọ akụkọ ya, o kwuru mmetụta ya banyere iji ike eme ihe: "Amaghị m na ọ dịghị ụzọ ọ bụla a ga-esi nweta nnwere onwe, na-echekwa ma e wezụga ndị agha."[4] Ọ sonyeere IRA na 1956..

## Mwakpo Brookeborough
Mgbe ọ dị afọ 20, e gburu O'Hanlon na Seán South mgbe ha na-ekere òkè na mwakpo a wakporo ogige Ndị uwe ojii Royal Ulster na Brookeborough, County Fermanagh, n'oge Mgbasa Ozi Mpaghara. Ọtụtụ ndị otu IRA ndị ọzọ merụrụ ahụ na mwakpo ahụ. Ndị IRA gbapụrụ n'ebe ahụ n'ụgbọala dumper. Ha hapụrụ ya n'akụkụ ókèala. Ha hapụrụ South na O'Hanlon, ha abụọ na-amaghị onwe ha mgbe ahụ, n'ime ehi, wee jiri ụkwụ gafee na Republic of Ireland maka enyemaka maka ndị enyi ha. Ndị ọrụ ọmịiko na Mater Misericordiae Hospital dị na Dublin mesoro ndị ikom IRA merụrụ ahụ dị ka "ndị nwere ọdachi ụgbọ ala".

"). 

## Mmeghachi omume
Nne O'Hanlon nọgidere na-etinye aka na IRA ma na-ewute ya site na aro na enwere ihe ọzọ na-eme ka ọrụ IRA ma ọ bụ na nwa ya nwoke bụ ihe ọ bụla ọzọ karịa dike Irish.

Ihe aha marble guzo ugbu a n'ebe South na O'Hanlon tụfuru ndụ ha.  A na-eme n nsogbu okwu kwa afọ iji cheta O'Hanlon 1982, ihe dị ka mmadụ 50 gara nke iri ise nke ụmụ nwoke na January 2007 na Limerick.

N'afọ 1971, a kpughere ihe ncheta O'Hanlon n'obodo ya - n'elu ugwu na-ele anya n'okporo ụzọ Clones ebe o mere njem ikpeazụ ya n'ụlọ. E guzobere otu egwuregwu bọọlụ Gaelic na Monaghan na 2003 ma kpọọ ya Fergal O'Hanlons. 

A mgbaàmà nwanne ya nwoke Eighneachán Ó hAnnluain ka ọ bụrụ onye onye Sinn Féin abstentionist TD na ọhụrụ aka nke 1957 na Dáil Éireann.  Nwanne ya nwere Pádraigín Uí Mhurchadha bụ onye mụrụ Sinn Féin na Monaghan Urban Council..
Faịlụ:Fergal_O'Hanlon.jpg|Fergal O'Hanlon's gravestone.
Faịlụ:O'hanlon_monument.jpg|Monument erected in memory of Fergal O'Hanlon.
Faịlụ:South_and_ohanlon.jpg|Monument in Moane's Cross, Fermanagh to South and O'Hanlon.


## Ihe odide
Juozas Adomaitis-Šernas

Juozas Adomaitis nke a maara site na aha edemede ya bụ Šernas (1859-1922) bụ onye edemede Lithuanian na- agbụrụ ifo.  O nyere aka na akwụkwọ akwụkwọ Lithuanian bụ Aušra ma ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkọta nke Varpas.  N'afọ 1895, ọ kwagara na United States ebe ọ bụ ọrụ dị ka onye nchịkọta nke Lithuanian kwa izu Lietuva .  O feed ihe dị ka akwụkwọ 20 a ma ama ihe ndị dị ndụ, ethnology, geography, ihe mere eme nke ederede.

## Akụkọ ndụ

### N'Alaeze Ukwu Russia
A jaridar Adomaitis n'otu obere obodo dị nso na Lukšiai ebe ọ gara ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị.  Ọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ na Marijampolė Gymnasium, mana n'afọ nke isii nna ya nwụrụ ma ọ la ike n'ugbo.  Adomaitis akwụkwọ ịga n'ihu na njikọ ya wee gaa Warsaw na 1882. Ọ Ọnụ inye aka na akwụkwọ ọmụmụ Lithuania na 1885. O akwụkwọ edemede na Aušra nke e-enye na East Prussia na Unija na Lietuviškasis balsas nke e biputara na United States.  O dekwarapụta Lithuanian National Revival maka Kraj [pl] kwa izu na Saint Petersburg.  Adomaitis sonyeere otu ụmụ akwụkwọ Lithuania na Warsaw nke akara Varpas ma ihe onye nchịkọta nchịkọta ya.

Ebe ọ bụ na akwụkwọ akụkọ Lithuanian, ọ dọtara uche ndị uwe ojii.  O buru ụzọ gbaga Ragnit (nke bụzi Neman) na 1890, mana ndị uwe ojii Germany bu n'obi inyefe ya n'aka ndị Russia.  Ọ la mfe Šakiai na akwụkwọ adịgboroja wee gaa Bremen na 1892. N'afọ 1894, ọ la ike Lithuania n'oge na-adịghị anya ka ya na Vincas Kudirka biri, mana n'oge dị anya ọ kwagara United States.

### Na United States
Na December 1895, Adomaitis isi onye nchịkọta nke Lithuanian kwa izu Chicago)" id="mwOg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Lietuva (Chicago)">Lietuva na Chicago ma gaa n'ihu na-edezi ya ruo 1912. Bronius Kazys Balutischiri ya dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ ọrụ ruo 1912. Bronius Kazys Balutischiri ya dị ka onye nchịkọta akụkọ ọrụ ruo 1912.  1918. Adomaitis mesiri ike mkpa maka njikọ n'ihi na ọ bụ ụzọ bụ isi wepụta onwe gị na ego ogbenye na nhụsianya..

Na mgbakwunye na ide ihe dị ka isiokwu 2,000 na akwụkwọ akụkọ dị iche iche, o bipụtakwara ihe dị ka akwụkwọ sayensị 20 a ma ama  banyere mbara ala Ụwa na usoro anyanwụ (1896), ọdịdị ala (1899, 1902, 1906), dinosaurs (1900), ihe ndị dị ndụ (1901), ike nke okike (1904), ihu igwe (1907), anụmanụ na osisi (1901), ịdị ọcha na ụmụ ahụhụ (1905), ethnology (1903), akụkọ ihe mere eme oge ochie (1904), wdg. Akwụkwọ ndị a, ndị e bipụtara tupu e nwee ụlọ akwụkwọ Lithuania ọ bụla, bụ iji mejupụta ọdịiche agụmakwụkwọ.

Adomaitis nọgidere na-alụbeghị di. Ọ nwụrụ na 1920 na Chicago ma lie ya na Lithuanian National Cemetery . 

## Ihe odide
Antanas Bataitis

Antanas Bataitis (13 June 1854 - 12 March 1932) bụ onye Lithuanian na-ebubata akwụkwọ n'oge mmachi akwụkwọ Lithuania na mpaghara Smilgiai.  Ọ rụkwara ọrụ dị ka onye na-akwụkwọ akwụkwọ.

## Akụkọ ndụ

### Oge ọ malitere
A Manchesteras Bataitis n'obodo Valiliškiai na taka Panevėžys nke Lithuania, dị ka nwa mbụ nke Motiejus Bataitis na Agnietė Bataitienė (née Jankevičiūtė).  Ka ọ na-etolite na ebe mgbaba parish nke mpaghara ya dara ogbenye, nne ya ikike ịgụ Lithuanian.   

### Afọ mbubata akwụkwọ
Ruo mgbe ọ dị afọ 28, Bataitis rụrụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ ụka parish. Onye ụkọchukwu Mykolas Opulskis kụziiri ya ide ihe na Lithuanian ma, n'ihe dị ka 1882, gbaa Bataitis ume ịnakọta akwụkwọ Cyrillic-print n'aka ndị mmadụ, kpọọ ha ọkụ, ma nye ha ndị e biri ebi na Lithuanian. N'oge na-adịghị anya, Bataitis malitere mbubata akwụkwọ site na Prussia. Na njem mbụ ya, ọ tụfuru ụgbọ ịnyịnya ya na ịnyịnya ya ma ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ndị ọchịchị jide ya. Bataitis bu ụzọ rụọ ọrụ na parish Smilgiai tupu ọ gbasaa na parish ndị dị nso. Bataitis zoro akwụkwọ ndị ahụ n'ogige ntụrụndụ, yana osisi, na ndị a tụkwasịrị obi na ọhịa. O guzobekwara ebe zoro ezo n'okpuru elu ụlọ mgbịrịgba nke ụlọ ụka Smilgiai.

### Mgbalị ndị a na-eme iji gbochie iwu na-akwadoghị
Mgbe o nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'izere njide, Bataitis ka nwere akụrụngwa.[1]  Iji jide n'aka na akara akwụkwọ ọbá akwụkwọ ya, e ji usoro aha adịgboroja mee ihe gbasara onye nwe akwụkwọ ụfọdụ.  Ya na onye enyemaka Smilgiai Kazys Kasparavičius see dị mma.  Kasparavičius, Bataitis aka ikiri njide site n'iwere ibu ọrụ nke akwụkwọ Bataitis nwere, n'okpuru alibi na n'oge Pentikọstụ ndị mmadụ ga-ahapụ akwụkwọ dị n'okpuru ndị dị n'ebe ahụ n'ihi ihe omume ahụ - Kasperavičius ga-enyera Bataitis akwụkwọ ndị ahụ ka ọ dezie ma si otú a zere ibu ọrụ..
thumb|Antanas Bataitis na nwunye ya na ụmụ ya nwanyị
Nchọgharị ndị ọzọ a na-eme megide Bataitis akarakwa ihe ịga nke ọma n'ihi na ndị hụrụ ahụ ebe ndị a na-ezobe ihe ahụ.  N'ụzọ dị mfe ama, otu onye na-eme ike ga-anọdụ ala ma alụrụ ọrịa na Bataitis tupu songs, wee gaa n'ogige ahụ iji zuru ike.  Bataitis jiri ihe ahụ zoo ihe ọ lụba iwu na-akwadoghị, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na-eme ihe ọ elebe - Bataitis nyere onye ahụ ihe ihe ka o chefuo ya.  N'agbanyeghị nke a, n'otu oge onye ahụ ahụ ga-ahụ ihe iwu na-akwadoghị Bataitis n'ime igbe mana ọ ga-ezo ya n'aka ndị ọrụ ibe ya na-eme Celi.. 

### Afọ ndị ikpeazụ na Lithuania
Bataitis gbalịrị ịnọgide na-enwe onwe ya mgbe nnwere onwe Lithuania gasịrị na 1918 - naanị afọ iri ka e mesịrị na 1928 ka ọ natara ezumike nká. Ọ nwụrụ na 12 Machị 1932 na Smilgiai, ebe e mechara lie ya. N'afọ 1990, e wuru ogidi ncheta n'elu ụlọ iji sọpụrụ Bataitis n'ebe ili ozu.

## Ihe odide
Ndị obodo Jakubėnas

áká_ịkẹngạ|thumb|322x322px
Povilas Jakubėnas (April 11, 1871 - May 30, 1953) bụ onye eri Lithuanian Calvinist, onye isi ndụ nke alaka Lithuanian nke Reformed Church n'oge interbellum, prọfesọ nke nkà ihe, onye na-ebubata akwụkwọ Lithuanian (Kịgnešys) akwụkwọ n'oge ọ bụ nwa bụ n'oge ọ bụ nwa..   

N'afọ 1928, e nyere ya Order of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Gediminas nke ogo nke abụọ. 

N'afọ 1941, mgbe ndị Soviet weghaara Baltic States, ndị Jakubeans gbagara n'Ebe Ọdịda mbụ, nke mbụ gaa Germany, ma sere biri na Switzerland.

## Ihe odide