Overtur

**Overtur** (dari Bahasa Prancis *ouverture*,  "pembuka") adalah sebuah pembukaan musik instrumental untuk sebuah oratorio, opera atau balet pada abad ke-17. Pada awal era romantik komponis seperti Beethoven, dan Mendelssohn mengarang overtur yang merupakan sebuah komposisi yang independen, instrumental, berdiri sendiri dan terprogram yang meramalkan genre seperti puisi simfoni.

## Daftar contoh overtur
Berikut adalah beberapa overtur terkenal:

* Anton Arensky: *A Dream on the Volga*
* Malcolm Arnold:
** *Beckus the Dandipratt*
** *A Grand, Grand Overture*
** *[[Peterloo (overture)|Peterloo]]*
** *[[Tam O'Shanter Overture|Tam O'Shanter]]*
* Daniel Auber: *[[Fra Diavolo (opera)|Fra Diavolo]]*
* Samuel Barber: Overture to *[[The School for Scandal (Barber)|The School for Scandal]]*
* Arnold Bax: *[[Overture to a Picaresque Comedy]]*
* Ludwig van Beethoven:
** *Leonora* Nr 1
** *Leonora* Nr 2
** *Leonora* Nr 3
** *[[Fidelio]]*
** *[[Coriolan Overture]]*
** *[[The Creatures of Prometheus|Creatures of Prometheus]]*
** *[[Egmont (Beethoven)|Egmont]]*
** *[[The Ruins of Athens]]*
** *[[The Consecration of the House (overture)|The Consecration of the House]]
* [[Arthur Benjamin]]
** *Overture to an Italian Comedy*
* [[Hector Berlioz]]:
** *Benvenuto Cellini*
** *Le carnaval romain*
** *Le corsair*
** *Les Francs-Juges*
** *King Lear*
** *Waverley*
* [[Leonard Bernstein]]: *Candide*
* [[Georges Bizet]]: *Carmen*
* [[Alexander Borodin]]: *Prince Igor*
* [[Johannes Brahms]]:
** *Academic Festival Overture*
** *Tragic Overture*
* [[Anton Bruckner]]: [[Overture (Bruckner)|Overture in G minor]] (WAB 98)
* [[Aaron Copland]]: *An Outdoor Overture*
* [[Antonín Dvořák]]: [[Carnival Overture (Dvořák)|Carnival Overture]]
* [[Edward Elgar]]:
** *In the South (Alassio)*
** *Cockaigne*
** *Froissart*
* [[George Gershwin]]:
** *Cuban Overture*
** Overture to *Strike Up the Band*
* [[Philip Glass]]:
** *Overture 2012*
** *King Lear Overture*
* [[Mikhail Glinka]]: *Ruslan and Lyudmila*
* [[Christoph Willibald Gluck]]:
** *Iphigénie en Tauride*
** *Orfeo ed Euridice*
** *Alceste*
* [[Antônio Carlos Gomes]]: *Il Guarany*
* [[Edvard Grieg]]: *In Autumn*
* [[George Frideric Handel]]
** Overture to the *Music for the Royal Fireworks*
** Overture to the *Water Music*
** Overture to *Messiah and other Oratorios*
* [[Joseph Haydn]]: *Armida*
* [[Ferdinand Hérold]]: *Zampa*
* [[John Ireland (composer)|John Ireland]]:
** *A London Overture*
** *Satyricon* Overture
* [[Édouard Lalo]]: *Le roi d'Ys*
* [[Franz Lehár]]: *The Merry Widow*
* [[Andrew Lloyd Webber]]:
**  "Overture from Phantom of the Opera"
* [[Hamish MacCunn]]: *The Land of the Mountain and the Flood*
* [[Felix Mendelssohn]]:
** *The Hebrides* (or *Fingal's Cave*)
** *Calm Sea and Prosperous Voyage*
** *A Midsummer Night's Dream*
** *Ruy Blas*
** *Die schöne Melusine* (The Fair Melusine)
* [[Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart]]:
** *The Marriage of Figaro*
** *La clemenza di Tito*
** *Così fan tutte*
** *Don Giovanni*
** *Idomeneo*
** *Die Entführung aus dem Serail*
** *The Magic Flute*
* [[Modest Mussorgsky]]: *Khovanshchina*
* [[Nikolai Myaskovsky]]:
** *Pathetic Overture*
** *Salutation Overture*
* [[Otto Nicolai]]: *The Merry Wives of Windsor*
* [[Carl Nielsen]]:
** *Maskarade*
** *Helios Overture*
* [[Jacques Offenbach]]: *Orpheus in the Underworld*
* [[Sergei Prokofiev]]: *Overture on Hebrew Themes*
* [[Emil von Reznicek]]: *Donna Diana*
* [[Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov]]:
** *Russian Easter Festival Overture*
** *The Maid of Pskov*
** *May Night*
* [[Gioachino Rossini]]:
** *La cambiale di matrimonio*
** *Tancredi*
** *Il signor Bruschino*
** *Il turco in Italia*
** *La Cenerentola*
** *Semiramide*
** *Il viaggio a Reims*
** *The Barber of Seville*
** *La gazza ladra*
** *L'italiana in Algeri*
** *La scala di seta*
** *William Tell*
* [[Franz Schubert]]:
** *Overture in Italian Style*, D590
** *Rosamunde*
* [[Robert Schumann]]:
** [[Overture, Scherzo and Finale]], Op 52
** *Manfred*
** *Genoveva*
** *Faust*
** *Julius Caesar*
** *Hermann und Dorothea*
** *The Bride of Messina*
* [[Dmitri Shostakovich]]: *Festive Overture*
* [[Bedřich Smetana]]: *The Bartered Bride*
* [[Johann Strauss II|Johann Strauss]]: *Die Fledermaus*
* [[Jean Sibelius]]: Overture to *The Tempest*
* [[Arthur Sullivan]]:
** *The Mikado*
** *The Gondoliers*
** *The Yeomen of the Guard*
* [[Franz von Suppé]]
** *Light Cavalry Overture*
** *The Beautiful Galatea*
** *Poet and Peasant*
* [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky]]:
** *1812 Overture*
** *Hamlet* (Overture-Fantasy)
** *Romeo and Juliet* (Overture-Fantasy)
** *The Nutcracker* (Miniature Overture)
* [[Giuseppe Verdi]]:
** *La forza del destino*
** *Nabucco*
** *I vespri siciliani*
* [[Richard Wagner]]:
** *Faust Overture*
** *The Flying Dutchman*
** *Lohengrin* (both Act and Act III Preludes)
** *Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg*
** *Rienzi*
** *Tannhäuser*
* [[Ralph Vaughan Williams]]: *The Wasps*
* [[William Walton]]
** *Johannesburg Festival Overture*
** *Scapino* Overture
** *Portsmouth Point* Overture
* [[Carl Maria von Weber]]:
** *Euryanthe*
** *Der Freischütz*
** *Oberon''

## Referensi