Paul Hindemith

**Paul Hindemith** (; ) adalah seorang komponis, pemain biola, pemain viola, guru dan konduktor Jerman. Ia membentuk Amar Quartet pada 1921, yang melakukan perjalanan keliling di Eropa. Sebagai komponis, ia menjadi advokat besar gaya musik *[[Neue Sachlichkeit]]* (obyektivitas baru) pada 1920an, dengan komposisi-komposisi seperti *[[Kammermusik (Hindemith)|Kammermusik]]*, yang meliputi karya-karya dengan viola dan viola d'amore sebagai instrumen tunggal dalam gaya neo-Bachian. Komposisi terkenal lainnya meliputi seri lagu *[[Das Marienleben]]* (1923), *[[Der Schwanendreher]]* untuk viola dan orkestra (1935), opera *[[Mathis der Maler (opera)|Mathis der Maler]]* (1938), *[[Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber]]* (1943), dan oratorio *[[When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd (Hindemith)|When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd]]*, sebuah requiem yang berdasarkan pada puisi karya Walt Whitman (1946).

## Referensi
### Catatan

### Sumber
* Ansermet, Ernest. 1961. *Les fondements de la musique dans la conscience humaine*. 2 v. Neuchâtel: La Baconnière.
* Briner, Andres. 1971. *Paul Hindemith*. Zürich: Atlantis-Verlag; Mainz: Schott.
* Bruhn, Siglind (1998). *The Temptation of Paul Hindemith. Mathis der Maler as a Spiritual Testimony*. Stuyvesant, NY: Pendragon Press. .
* Bruhn, Siglind. 2000. *Musical Ekphrasis in Rilke's Marienleben*. Internationale Forschungen zur allgemeinen und vergleichenden Literaturwissenschaft 47. Amsterdam: Rodopi. .
* Bruhn, Siglind. 2005. *The Musical Order of the World: Kepler, Hesse, Hindemith*. Interplay, no. 4. Hillsdale, NY: Pendragon Press. .
* Davenport, LaNoue. 1970. ""Erich Katz: A Profile"". *The American Recorder* (Spring): 43–44. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
* Furtwängler, Wilhelm. 1934. "Der Fall Hindemith". *Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung* 73, no. 551 (Sunday, 25 November): 1. Reprinted in Berta Geissmar, *Musik im Schatten der Politik*. Zürich: Atlantis, 1945. Reprinted in Wilhelm Furtwängler, *Ton und Wort: Aufsätze und Vorträge 1918 bis 1954*, 91–96. Wiesbaden: F.A. Brockhaus, 1954; reissued Zürich: Atlantis Musikbuch-Verlag, 1994. . English version as "The Hindemith Case", in Wilhelm Furtwängler, *Furtwängler on Music*, edited and translated by Ronald Taylor, 117–20. Aldershot, Hants.: Scolar Press, 1991. .
* Eaglefield-Hull, Arthur. (Ed.). 1924. *A Dictionary of Modern Music and Musicians*. London: Dent.
* Hindemith, Paul. 1937–70. *Unterweisung im Tonsatz*. 3 vols. Mainz, B. Schott's Söhne. First two volumes in English, as *The Craft of Musical Composition*, translated by Arthur Mendel and Otto Ortmann. New York: Associated Music Publishers; London: Schott & Co., 1941–42.
* Hindemith, Paul. 1952. *A Composer's World, Horizons and Limitations*. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
* Holland, Bernard. 1995. "Music Review; City Opera Gamely Flirts with Danger". *New York Times*, 9 September.
* Kater, Michael H. 1997. *The Twisted Muse: Musicians and Their Music in the Third Reich*. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Kater, Michael H. 2000. *Composers of the Nazi Era: Eight Portraits*. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Kemp, Ian. 1970. *Hindemith*. Oxford Studies of Composers 6. London, New York: Oxford University Press.
* Neumeyer, David. 1986. *The Music of Paul Hindemith.* New Haven: Yale University Press.
* Noss, Luther. 1989. *Paul Hindemith in the United States*. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
* Preussner, Eberhard. 1984. *Paul Hindemith: ein Lebensbild*. Innsbruck: Edition Helbling.
* Skelton, Geoffrey. 1975. *Paul Hindemith: The Man Behind the Music: A Biography*. London: Gollancz.
* Taylor, Ronald. 1997. *Berlin and Its Culture: A Historical Portrait*. Yale University Press. .
* Taylor-Jay, Claire. 2004. *The Artist-Operas of Pfitzner, Krenek and Hindemith: Politics and the Ideology of the Artist*. Aldershot: Ashgate.

## Further reading
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* Desbruslais, Simon. 2019. ''The Music and Music Theory of Paul Hindemith'' . Woodbridge: Boydell Press. .
* Luttmann, Stephen. 2013. *Paul Hindemith: A Research and Information Guide*. New York: Routledge. .
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## Pranala luar

* Paul Hindemith Oral History collection at Oral History of American Music
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* Hindemith Foundation
* Hindemith Foundation Catalogue of Works
* Schott Music Publisher page
* An Inner Emigration, notes on Hindemith and Der Schwanendreher by Ron Drummond
* Paul Hindemith in conversation with Seymour Raven (7 April 1963)
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