Marrano

**Marrano** adalah Yahudi Spanyol dan Portugis yang tinggal di Semenanjung Iberia yang berpindah agama atau dipaksa pindah ke agama Kristen pada Abad Pertengahan, tetapi masih mempraktikkan agama Yahudi secara diam-diam. Istilah *marrano* dipakai pada 1492 dalam Dekrit Alhambra, yang melarang praktik agama Yahudi di Spanyol dan mewajibkan seluruh Yahudi yang tersisa untuk berpindah agama atau pergi, dengan alasan "Jika mereka tak menjadi Kristen yang baik, keturunan mereka akan demikian."

## Bacaan tambahan

*Cohen, Martin A. "Antonio Díaz De Cáceres: Marrano Adventurer in Colonial Mexico." *American Jewish Historical Quarterly*, vol. 60, no. 2, 1970, pp.&nbsp;169–184., .
*Cohen, Martin A. "Toward a New Comprehension of the Marranos." In *Hispania Judaica: Studies on the History, Language, and Literature of the Jews in the Hispanic World*. Vol. I: History, edited by Josep M. Solà-Solé, Samuel G. Armistead, and Joseph H. Silverman, 23–35. Barcelona: Puvil-Editor, 1980.
*Escobar Quevedo, Ricardo. *Inquisición y judaizantes en América española (siglos XVI-XVII)*. Bogota: Editorial Universidad de Rosario, 2008.
*Netanyahu, Benzion. *The Marranos of Spain: From the Late 14th to the Early 16th Century, According to Contemporary Hebrew Sources* [1966], 3rd ed. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999.
*Poliakov, Leon. *The History of Anti-Semitism, vol. 2: From Mohammed to the Marranos*. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003.
*Révah, I.S.  "Les marranes." *Revue des études juives* 118 (1959–60): 29–77.
*Roth, Cecil. "The Religion of the Marranos," *The Jewish Quarterly Review* 22 (1931): 1–33. . 
*Rowland, Robert. "New Christian, Marrano, Jew." In *The Jews and the Expansion of Europe to the West, 1450–1800*, edited by Paolo Bernardini and Norman Fiering, 125–148. New York: Berghahn Books, 2001.
*Saraiva, António José. *The Marrano Factory: The Portuguese Inquisition and Its New Christians, 1536–1765* [1956], trans. H.P. Salomon and I.S.D. Sassoon. Leiden: Brill, 2001.
*Simms, Norman. *Masks in the Mirror: Marranism in the Jewish Experience*. New York: Peter Lang, 2006.
*Wachtel, Nathan. *The Faith of Remembrance: Marrano Labyrinths* [2001], trans. Nikki Halpern. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013.
*Yerushalmi, Yosef Hayim. *From Spanish Court to Italian Ghetto. Isaac Cardoso: A Study in Seventeenth-Century Marranism and Jewish Apologetics*. New York: Columbia University Press, 1971. 
*Yovel, Yirmiyahu. *The Other Within: The Marranos: Split Identity and Emerging Modernity*. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2009.
*Yovel, Yirmiyahu. *Spinoza and Other Heretics, vol. 1: The Marrano of Reason*. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.

## Referensi

### Daftar pustaka
*Damião de Góis (1567), in *Chronica do Felicissimo Rey D. Emanuel da Gloriosa Memória*
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## Karakterisasi fiksi
* Richard Zimler, *[[The Last Kabbalist of Lisbon]]*, The Overlook Press,  
* Richard Zimler, *Hunting Midnight*, Delacorte, 
* Richard Zimler, *Guardian of the Dawn*, Constable & Robinson, 
* Antonio Muñoz Molina,*Sepharad*, Harvest Books, 
* David Liss, *The Coffee Trader*, Abacus, 

## Pranala luar
*The Jewish Story – Marranos
* Descendants of Marranos arrive in Israel
* A history of the Marranos, by Cecil Roth