Sosianus Hierokles

**Sossianus Hierocles** (dikenal pada tahun 303) adalah seorang aristokrat dan pemegang jabatan Romawi. Ia menjabat sebagai *[[praeses]]* di Siria di bawah pemerintahan Diokletianus pada dasawarsa 290-an Masehi. Ia kemudian menjadi *[[vicarius]]* di beberapa distrik, mungkin Keuskupan Timur (yang meliputi Siria, Palestina, dan pada waktu itu, Mesir) sampai tahun 303 M, saat ia dipindahkan ke Bitinia. Ia dikenal karena aktivitas anti-Kristennya di Bitinia. Dalam *[[Sejarah Kuno Cambridge]]*, ia disebut "salah satu penganiaya paling bersemangat". Saat di Bitinia, Hierokles mengarang *Pecinta Kepercayaan* (Yunani: Φιλαλήθης, *Philalethes*; yang juga dikenal sebagai Φιλαλήθης λόγος, *Philalethes logos*), sebuah kritikan terhadap agama Kristen.

## Catatan

## Referensi

### Sumber kuno

* Eusebius dari Caesarea.
:* *Contra Hieroclem*.
::* Conybeare, F. C., trans. *Philostratus. The life of Apollonius of Tyana, the Epistles of Apollonius and the Treatise of Eusebius*. 2 vols. London: Heinemann, 1912. Online at the Internet Archive: vols. 1, 2. Accessed 2 February 2010. Eusebius' treatise at 2.482–605.
:* *De Martyribus Palestinae*.
::* McGiffert, Arthur Cushman, trans. *[http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/2505.htm Martyrs of Palestine]*. From *Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers*, Second Series, Vol. 1. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1890. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Accessed June 9, 2009.
::* Cureton, William, trans. *[http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_martyrs.htm History of the Martyrs in Palestine by Eusebius of Caesarea, Discovered in a Very Antient Syriac Manuscript]*. London: Williams & Norgate, 1861. Accessed September 28, 2009.
* Lactantius.
:* *Divinae Institutiones* (*Divine Institutes*).
::* Brandt, Samuel and Georg Laubmann, eds. *L. Caeli Firmiani Lactanti Opera Omnia* vol. 1. *Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum* 19. Vienna: F. Tempsky, 1890. Online at the Internet Archive. Accessed 30 January 2010.
::* Fletcher, William, trans. *The Divine Institutes*. From *Ante-Nicene Fathers*, Vol. 7. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1886. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at New Advent and CCEL. Accessed 30 January 2010.
:* *De Mortibus Persecutorum* (*On the Deaths of the Persecutors*).
::* Brandt, Samuel and Georg Laubmann, eds. *L. Caeli Firmiani Lactanti Opera Omnia* vol. 2.2. *Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum* 27.2. Vienna: F. Tempsky, 1897. Online at the Internet Archive. Accessed 30 January 2010.
::* Fletcher, William, trans. *The Divine Institutes*. From *Ante-Nicene Fathers*, Vol. 7. Edited by Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe. Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1886. Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight. Online at New Advent and CCEL. Accessed 30 January 2010.

### Sumber modern

* Barnes, Timothy D. "Sossianus Hierocles and the Antecedents of the Great Persecution". *Harvard Studies in Classical Philology* 80 (1976): 239–52.
* Barnes, Timothy D. *Constantine and Eusebius*. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981.
* Bowman, Alan K. "Diocletian and the First Tetrarchy, A.D. 284–305". In *The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume XII: The Crisis of Empire*, edited by Alan Bowman, Averil Cameron, and Peter Garnsey, 67–89. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
* Clarke, Graeme. "Third-Century Christianity." In *The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume XII: The Crisis of Empire*, edited by Alan Bowman, Averil Cameron, and Peter Garnsey, 589–671. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
* Frend, W. H. C. *Martyrdom and Persecution in the Early Church*. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1981 [rept. of Basil Blackwell, 1965 ed.].
* Jones, A. H. M., R. Morris, and R. Martindale. *The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire*. 3 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971–92.
* Louth, Andrew. "Eusebius and the Birth of Church History". In *The Cambridge history of early Christian literature*, edited by Frances Margaret Young, Lewis Ayres, and Andrew Louth, 266–74. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
* Simmons, Michael Bland. "Graeco-Roman Philosophical Opposition". In *The Early Christian World*, edited by Philip Francis Esler, 2.840–868. New York: Routledge, 2000.