Mayapan

**Mayapan** (**Màayapáan** dalam bahasa Maya Modern; dalam bahasa Spanyol ** Mayapán**), (dibaca mī-ä-ˈpän) adalah sebuah situs Maya Pra-Kolumbus yang berjarak dua kilometer di sebelah selatan kota Telchaquillo, Munisipalitas Tecoh, sekitar 40&nbsp;km di sebelah tenggara Mérida dan 100&nbsp;km di sebelah tenggara Chichen Itza. Situs ini terletak di negara bagian Yucatán, Meksiko. Mayapan adalah pusat kebudayaan Maya di Semenanjung Yucatán pada zaman Pascaklasik Akhir dari 1220an sampai 1440an. Perkiraan total populasi kota tersebut adalah 15.000–17.000 orang, dan situs tersebut memiliki lebih dari 4.000 struktur di dalam tembok kota, dengan hunian-hunian tambahan di bagian luar.

## Referensi

* Barrera Rubio, Alfredo and Carlos Peraza Lope. (2001) "La Pintura Mural de Mayapán", In *La Pintura Mural Prehispánica en México: Área Maya,* edited by Leticia Staines Cicero, Beatriz de la Fuentes, project director, pp.&nbsp;419–446. Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas, Universidad Autónoma de México, México, D.F.
* Brown, Clifford T. (1999) *Mayapán Society and Ancient Maya Social Organization*. Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. of Anthropology, Tulane University.
* Brown, Clifford T. (2006) "Water Sources at Mayapán, Yucatán, México," in *Precolumbian Water Management: Ideology, Ritual, and Power*, edited by Lisa Lucero and Barbara Fash, pp 171–188. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
* Brown, Clifford T. (2005) "Caves, Karst, and Settlement at Mayapán, Yucatán," in *In the Maw of the Earth Monster: Mesoamerican Ritual Cave Use*, edited by James E. Brady and Keith M. Prufer, pp.&nbsp;373–402. Austin: University of Texas Press (Linda Schele Series in Maya and Pre-Columbian Studies).
* Bullard, William R., Jr. (1952) "Residential Property Walls at Mayapán", in *Current Reports* No. 3:36–44. Carnegie Institute of Washington, Department of Archaeology, Washington, D.C.
* Bullard, William R., Jr. (1954) Boundary Walls and House Lots at Mayapán. *Current Reports* No. 13:234–253. Carnegie Institute of Washington, Department of Archaeology, Washington, D.C.
* Delgado Kú, Miguel Angel, (2009) *La Pintura Mural de Mayapán, Yucatán: Una Interpretación Iconográfica*, Tesis profesional, Facultad de Ciencias Antropológicas, Universidad Autnoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
* Delgado Kú, Pedro C. (2004) *Estudio de la Arquitectura Pública del Núcleo Principal de Mayapán, Yucatán*, Tesis profesional, Facultad de Ciencias Antropológicas, Universidad Autnoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México.
* Landa, Diego de. (1941) *Relaciones de las Cosas de Yucatán*, Translated by Alfred Tozzer. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 18, Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
* Lope, Carlos Peraza, Marilyn A. Masson, Timothy S. Hare, Pedro Candelario Delgado Kú
(2006). "The chronology of Mayapán: new radiocarbon evidence", in *Ancient Mesoamerica* 17(2):153–175.

* Masson, Marilyn A. (2009) "Appendix: Inventory and Lot Descriptions" Carnegie Institution *Current Reports on Mayapan*. In The Carnegie Maya II: Carnegie Institution of Washington Current Reports, 1952–1957, edited by John Weeks, pp.&nbsp;553–609. University of Colorado Press, Boulder.
* Marilyn A. Masson, Timothy S. Hare, and Carlos Peraza Lope (2006). "Postclassic Maya Society Regenerated at Mayapán", In *After Collapse: The Regeneration of Complex Societies,* edited by Glenn M. Schwartz and John J. Nichols, pp.&nbsp;188–207. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.
* Masson, Marilyn A. and Carlos Peraza Lope
2007 Kukulkan/Quetzalcoat, Death God, and Creation Mythology of Burial Shaft Temples at Mayapan. Mexicon 29:77–85.

* Masson, Marilyn A. and Carlos Peraza Lope (2005). "Nuevas Investigaciones en Tres Unidades Residenciales Fuera del Area Monumental de Mayapán", In *Investigadores de La Cultura Maya,* Tomo II, pp.&nbsp;411–424. Universidad Autónoma de Campeche. Campeche, Mexico.
* Masson, Marilyn A. and Carlos Peraza Lope (2008). "Animal Use at Mayapan", *Quaternary International*, 191:170–183.
* Masson, Marilyn A. and Carlos Peraza Lope (2010). "Evidence for Maya-Mexican Interaction in the Archaeological Record of Mayapan", In *Astronomers, Scribes, and Priests: Intellectual Interchange between the Northern Maya Lowlands and Highland Mexico in the Late Postclassic Period,* edited by Gabrielle Vail and Christine Hernandez, pp.&nbsp;77–114. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D.C.
* Milbrath, Susan and Carlos Peraza Lope (2003). "Revisting Mayapan: Mexico’s Last Maya Capital", *Ancient Mesoamerica* 14:1–47.
* Milbrath, Susan and Carlos Peraza Lope
2003b Mayapán’s Scribe: A Link with Classic Maya Artists. Mexicon XXV:120–123.

* Milbrath, Susan., Carlos Peraza Lope
2009 Survival and revival of Terminal Classic traditions at Postclassic Mayapán Latin American antiquity: a journal of the Society for American Archaeology 20(4):581–606.

* Milbrath, Susan, Carlos Peraza Lope, and Miguel Delgado Kú
2010 Religious Imagery in Mayapan’s Murals. The PARI Journal X:1–10.

* Morley, Sylvanus Griswold. *The Ancient Maya* (4th ed.). Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 1983.
* Paris, Elizabeth H.
2008 Metallurgy, Mayapan and the Postclassic World System. Ancient Mesoamerica 19:43–66.

* Peraza Lope, Carlos
1998 Mayapán: Ciudad-capital del Postclasico. Arqueología Mexicana:48-53.

* Pollock, Ralph L. Roys, Tatiana Proskouriakoff and A. Ledyard Smith, pp.&nbsp;165–320. Occasional Publication 619. Carnegie Institution of Washington.
* Proskouriakoff, Tatiana (1962) Civic and religious structures at Mayapán, In “Introduction,” in *Mayapán, Yucatan, Mexico*, by Harry E. D. Pollock, Ralph L. Roys, Tatiana Proskouriakoff, and A. L. Smith, pp.&nbsp;87–164. Washington, DC: Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication No. 619
* Proskouriakoff, Tatiana and Charles Temple (1955) A Residential Quadrangle&nbsp;– Structures R-85 to R-90. *Current Reports* 29:289–362. Carnegie Institute of Washington, Department of Archaeology, Washington, D.C.
* Pugh, Timothy
2001 Flood Reptiles, Serpent Temples and the Quadripartite Universe: The Imajo Mundi of Late Postclassic Mayapán. Ancient Mesoamerica 12:247-258.

* Pugh, Timothy W.
2003 A cluster and spatial analysis of ceremonial architecture at Late Postclassic Mayapán Journal of Archaeological Science 30(8):941-953.

* Restall, Matthew
2001 The People of the Patio: Ethnohistoric Evidence of Yucatec Maya Royal Courts. In Royal Courts of the Maya, Volume II, edited by Takeshi Inomata y Stephen D. Houston, pp.&nbsp;335–390. Westview Press, Boulder.

* Ring, Trudy, ed. “Mayapan” in International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume I: Americas. New York: Routledge, 1996.
* Ringle, William M. y George J. Bey III
2001 Post-Classic and Terminal Classic Courts of the Northern Maya Lowlands. En Royal Courts of the Maya, Volume Two: Data and Case Studies, edited by Takeshi Inomata and Stephen D. Houston, pp.&nbsp;266–307. Westview Press, Boulder.

* Roys, Ralph L. (1962). "Literary Sources for the History of Mayapan", In *Mayapan, Yucatán, Mexico*. Carnegie Institute of Washington Publication No. 619, by Harry E.D. Pollock, Ralph L. Roys, Tatiana Proskouriakoff, and A.L. Smith, pp.&nbsp;25–86. Washington, D.C.
* Russell, Bradley W. and Bruce H. Dahlin (2007). "Traditional Burnt-Lime Production at Mayapán, Mexico", *Journal of Field Archaeology* 32:407-423.
* Russell, Bradley W. (2008) *Postclassic Maya Settlement on the Rural Urban Fringe of Mayapán, Yucatán, Mexico*, Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University at Albany-SUNY.
* Serafin, Stanley. (2010) *Bioarchaeological Investigation of Violence at Mayapan*, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Tulane University.
* Smith, A. Ledyard (1962) "Residential and Associated Structures at Mayapán", In *Mayapán Yucatan Mexico*, edited by H.E.D.
* Smith, Robert E. (1971) *The Pottery of Mayapan*. Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 66. Harvard University, Cambridge.

## Pranala luar

* Mayapan at Maya History - ''Maya History'' 
* Grinnell College - ''Mayapan Project''
* - ''Mayapan Archaeology'' 
* Mayapan Photo Essay
* SUNY Albany - Mayapan archaeology