Huang–Lao

***Huang–Lao*** atau ***Huanglao*** () adalah aliran pemikiran Tiongkok yang paling berpengaruh pada Dinasti Han awal abad ke-2 SM, bermula dari dorongan politik-filosofis yang lebih luas utuk mencari solusi memperkuat tatanan feodal seperti yang digambarkan dalam propaganda Zhou. Tidak dijelaskan secara sistematis oleh sejarawan Sima Qian, Huang-Lao umumnya ditafsirkan sebagai sebuah aliran sinkretisme, berkembang menjadi sebuah agama besar - pangkal dari Taoisme keagamaan.

Menekankan pencarian keabadian, Feng Youlan dan Herrlee G. Creel menganggap Taoisme keagamaan tersebut berbeda dari, jika tidak bertentangan, dengan versi Taoisme Zhuangzi yang lebih filosofis. Mungkin sama-sama berasal dari sekitar tahun 300 SM, Huang-Lao yang lebih dominan secara politik menyatakan keduanya untuk sebagian besar Han. Sangat disukai oleh para penguasa yang percaya takhayul, Huang-Lao mendominasi kehidupan intelektual Qin dan Han awal bersama dengan "Legalisme Tiongkok", dan istilah Taoisme (*dao-jia*) mungkin diciptakan dengan mempertimbangkan isi Huang-Lao dan Zhuangzi.

## Referensi

## Daftar Pustaka
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* Loewe, Michael (1999), "The Heritage Left to the Empires," in *The Cambridge History of China: Volume I: the Ch'in and Han Empires, 221 B.C. – A.D. 220*, edited by Denis Twitchett and Michael Loewe, Cambridge University Press, 967-1032.
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* Tu Wei-ming (1979), "The 'Thought of Huang-Lao': A Reflection on the Lao tzu and Huang ti Texts in the Silk Manuscripts of Ma-wang-tui," *Journal of Asian Studies* 39:95-110.
* Van Ess, Hans (1993) The Meaning of Huang-Lao in ''Shiji'' and ''Hanshu'' , *Études chinoises* XII.2.
* Schwartz, Benjamin J. (1985), *[https://books.google.com/books?id=IPl65YAQxI8C The World of Thought in Ancient China]*, Belknap Press.
* Yates, Robin D.S. (1997), *Five Lost Classics: Tao, Huang-lao, and Yin-yang in Han China*, Ballantine Books.
* Yates, Robin D.S. (2008), "Huang-Lao 黃老," in *The Encyclopedia of Taoism*, ed. by Fabrizio Pregadio, 508-510.
* Yu Mingguang 余明光 (1993), *Huangdi sijing jinzhu jinyi* (黃帝四經今註今譯). Yuelu shushe (岳麓书社). 

## Pranala luar
* Huang-Lao Ideology, R. Eno
* The Huang-Lao Tradition, FYSK Daoist Culture Centre Database
* The Status of Lao-Zhuang Daoism, Chad Hansen
* Daoist Syncretism, The Huang-Lao Tradition, Brian Hoffert
* Huangdi sijing 黃帝四經 "The Four Classics of the Yellow Emperor", Ulrich Theobald