Niall Noígíallach

**Niall ''Noígíallach*** (, [[Bahasa Irlandia Lama]] yang berarti "memiliki enam [[sandera]]s"), atau dalam bahasa Indonesia, *'Niall dari Sembilan Sandera*', putra dari [[Eochaid Mugmedón]], adalah seorang raja [[Irlandia]], kakek moyang [[eponim]] dari keluarga [[Uí Néill]] yang mendominasi Irlandia sejak abad ke-6 hingga abad ke-10. Kebangkitan dinasti Uí Néill dan penaklukan mereka di [[Ulster]] dan [[Leinster]] tidak tercatat dengan lengkap, tetapi masih menjadi subjek studi dan upaya rekonstruksi masa kini.

Meski secara umum dianggap sebagai tokoh sejarah, sedikit yang bisa dikatakan tentang kehidupan Niall. Sumber-sumber rincian kehidupan Niall adalah [[genealogi]] raja-raja bersejarah, yaitu bagian "Roll of Kings" dari *Lebor Gabála Érenn*, [[annal]] Irlandia seperti *Annals of the Four Masters*, kronik seperti *Foras Feasa ar Éirinn* karya [[Geoffrey Keating]], dan kisah legendaris seperti "The Adventure of the Sons of Eochaid Mugmedon" dan "The Death of Niall of the Nine Hostages". Sumber-sumber ini muncul jauh setelah masa Niall dan nilai sejarahnya terbatas.

Niall masuk dalam [[daftar Raja Tinggi Irlandia]] tradisional. Masa kekuasaannya diperkirakan sejak akhir abad ke-4 sampai awal abad ke-5. *Annals of the Four Masters* mencatat ia naik tahta tahun 378 dan wafat tahun 405. Kronologi *Foras Feasa ar Éirinn* Keating juga menyetujui hal ini dan menyebut masa kekuasaannya pada 368-395, serta mengaitkan aktivitas penyerangannya di Britania dengan penculikan [[Saint Patrick]] (ca. 390-461). Akan tetapi, Roll of Kings dan kronologinya sekarang dianggap buatan saja. Kerajaan Tinggi belum terwujud sampai abad ke-9, dan status legendaris Niall dikembangkan sesuai kepentingan politik dinasti yang ia dirikan. Berdasarkan genealogi Uí Néill dan tanggal yang dicantumkan untuk kemungkinan putra dan cucunya, para sejarawan modern percaya ia hidup 50 tahun lebih lama daripada tanggal tradisional dan wafat sekitar tahun 450.

== Silsilah keluarga ==
Tebal menandakan [[Raja Tinggi Irlandia]].







































== Referensi ==


== Bacaan lanjutan ==

* 
* 
* 
* [[Thomas Charles-Edwards]], 
* [[Tom Peete Cross|Cross, Tom Peete]] and Clark Harris Slover (eds.), [http://www.maryjones.us/ctexts/eochaid.html "The Adventures of the Sons of Eochaid Mugmedon"], in *Ancient Irish Tales*. Henry Holt and Company. 1936. Pages 508-13.
* Ambassador [[Walter Curley]], *Vanishing Kingdoms: The Irish Chiefs and their Families*. Dublin: Lilliput Press. 2004.
* [[Myles Dillon]], *The Cycles of the Kings*. Oxford. 1946. (Four Courts Press edition, 1995.)
* Duffy, Seán (ed.), *Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia*. Routledge. 2005.
* 
* [[Patrick Weston Joyce]], [http://books.google.com/books?id=kVQTAAAAQAAJ A Social History of Ancient Ireland, Vol. I] and [http://books.google.com/books?id=Iz0TAAAAQAAJ A Social History of Ancient Ireland, Vol. II]. Longmans, Green, and Co. 1903.
* [[Geoffrey Keating]], with David Comyn and Patrick S. Dinneen (trans.), [http://celt.ucc.ie/published/T100054/index.html The History of Ireland by Geoffrey Keating]. 4 Vols. London: David Nutt for the Irish Texts Society. 1902-14.
* Foster, Roy (ed.), *The Oxford Illustrated History of Ireland*. Oxford University Press. 2001.
* Joynt, Maud (ed. & tr.), "[http://www.jstor.org/pss/30005640 Echtra Mac Echdach Mugmedóin]", in *Ériu 4* (1910): 91-111.
* Koch, John T. (ed.), *Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia*. 5 volumes or single ebook. ABC-CLIO. 2006.
* MacKillop, James, *A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology*. Oxford. 1998.
* [[Edward MacLysaght]], *Irish Families: Their Names, Arms and Origins*. Irish Academic Press. 4th edition, 1998.
* Mac Niocaill, Gearóid, *Ireland before the Vikings*. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. 1972.
* [[Kuno Meyer]] (ed.), [http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G105005/index.html "The Laud Genealogies and Tribal Histories"], in *Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 8*. Halle/Saale, Max Niemeyer. 1912. Pages 291-338.
* Moore, Laoise T., Brian McEvoy, Eleanor Cape, Katharine Simms and Daniel G. Bradley, [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1380239/pdf/AJHGv78p334.pdf "A Y-Chromosome Signature of Hegemony in Gaelic Ireland."] *The American Journal of Human Genetics* 78 (February 2006): 334-8.
* Ó Canann, Tomás G., [http://www.rsai.ie/index.cfm?action=obj.display&obj_id=165 Book Review: Brian Lacey, *Cenél Conaill and the Donegal Kingdoms, AD 500-800*] , [[Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland]]
* [[Donnchadh Ó Corráin]] (ed.), [http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G105003/index.html Genealogies from Rawlinson B 502]. University College, Cork: Corpus of Electronic Texts. 1997.
* Ó Corráin, Donnchadh, *Ireland before the Normans*. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. 1972.
* [[Dáibhí Ó Cróinín]] (ed.), *A New History of Ireland: Prehistoric and Early Ireland, Vol. 1*. Oxford University Press. 2005.
* [[John O'Donovan (scholar)]] (ed. and tr.), [[Annals of the Four Masters|Annala Rioghachta Eireann. Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters, from the Earliest Period to the Year 1616]]. 7 vols. Royal Irish Academy. Dublin. 1848-51. 2nd edition, 1856.
* [[Standish Hayes O'Grady]] (ed. and tr.), "Death of Crimthann son of Fidach, and of Eochaidh Muighmedóin's three sons: Brian, Ailill, Fiachra", in [http://books.google.com/books?id=G-QGAAAAYAAJ Silva Gadelica] Williams and Norgate. 1892. Pages 373-8. (also available [http://www.maryjones.us/ctexts/crimthann.html here])
* O'Grady, Standish H. (ed. and tr.), "The Story of Eochaidh Muighmedóin's Sons", in [http://books.google.com/books?id=G-QGAAAAYAAJ Silva Gadelica] Williams and Norgate. 1892. Pages 368-73.
* [[John O'Hart]], [http://books.google.com/books?id=elNmAAAAMAAJ Irish Pedigrees]. Dublin. 5th edition, 1892.
* [[T.F. O'Rahilly]], *Early Irish History and Mythology*. Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. 1946.
* Richter, Michael, *Medieval Ireland: The Enduring Tradition*. Palgrave Macmillan. 1996.
* [[Whitley Stokes (scholar)|Whitley Stokes]] (ed. and tr.), "Aided Chrimthaind Maic Fhidaig: The Death of Crimthann mac Fidaig", in *Revue Celtique 24*. 1903. Pages 172-189.
* Stokes, Whitley (ed. and tr.), "Echtra Mac nEchach Muigmedóin: The Adventures of the Sons of Eochaid Muigmedóin", in *Revue Celtique 24*. 1903. Pages 190-207.
* Welch, Robert (ed.) with Bruce Stewart, *The Oxford Companion to Irish Literature''. Oxford University Press. 1996.

## Pranala luar
* eDIL: electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
* Aided Chrimthainn meic Fhidaig 7 Trí Mac Echach Muigmedóin 
* Echtra Mac nEchach Muigmedóin 
* Aided Néill Noígíallaig 
* Orcuin Néill Noígíallaig 
* Baile Chuinn Cétchathaigh 
* Irish Kings
* High Kings of Ireland