Lidah naga

**Agave** atau **lidah naga** merupakan sebuah tanaman yang umumnya berbentuk duri. Bentuk daun dan corak istimewa menjadi daya tarik bagi para kolektor tanaman ini. Sebab, tumbuhan lidah naga umumnya hampir seragam: daun tersusun roset, bentuk oval dengan ujung melancip, dan warna hijau. Disebut begitu karena daun yang semula agak pipih berujung lancip berubah menjadi menggembung seperti kubus. Tepi daun tumbuhan abadi itu diselimuti duri-duri mungil, ujung daun dilengkapi duri panjang berwarna merah.

## Daftar spesies
Berikut ini merupakan daftar spesies *[[agave]]* menurut World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Plants of the World Online, dan sumber lainnya:
*

=== A ===
**Agave abisaii* <small>A.Vázquez & Nieves</small>
**Agave acicularis* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave acklinicola* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave × ajoensis* <small>W.C.Hodgs.</small>
**Agave aktites* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave albescens* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave alboaustralis* <small>(E.Solano & Ríos-Gómez) Thiede</small>
**Agave albomarginata* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave albopilosa* <small>I.Cabral</small>
**Agave americana* <small>L.</small>
**Agave andreae* <small>Sahagún & A.Vázquez</small>
**Agave angustiarum* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave angustifolia* <small>Haw.</small>
**Agave anomala* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave antillarum* <small>Descourt.</small>
**Agave apedicellata* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave applanata* <small>Lem. ex Jacobi</small>
**Agave arcedianoensis* <small>Cházaro</small>
**Agave × arizonica* <small>Gentry & J.H.Weber</small>
**Agave arubensis* <small>Hummelinck</small>
**Agave asperrima* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave atrovirens* <small>Karw. ex Salm-Dyck</small>
**Agave attenuata* <small>Salm-Dyck</small>
**Agave aurea* <small>Brandegee</small>
**Agave avellanidens* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave azurea* <small>R.H.Webb & G.D.Starr</small>

=== B ===
**Agave bahamana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave beaulueriana* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave bicolor* <small>(E.Solano & García-Mend.) Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave boldinghiana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave boscii* <small>(Hornem.) ined.</small>
**Agave bovicornuta* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave braceana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave bracteosa* <small>S.Watson ex Engelm.</small>
**Agave brevipetala* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave brevispina* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave brittoniana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave brunnea* <small>S.Watson</small>
**Agave bulbulifera* <small>(Castillejos & E.Solano) Thiede</small>
**Agave bulliana* <small>(Baker) Thiede & Eggli</small>

=== C ===
**Agave cacozela* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave cajalbanensis* <small>A.Álvarez</small>
**Agave calodonta* <small>A.Berger</small> (punah)
**Agave cantala* <small>(Haw.) Roxb. ex Salm-Dyck</small>
**Agave capensis* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave caribaeicola* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave caymanensis* <small>Proctor</small>
**Agave cerulata* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave chamelensis* <small>(E.J.Lott & Verh.-Will.) Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave chazaroi* <small>A.Vázquez & O.M.Valencia</small>
**Agave chiapensis* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave chrysantha* <small>Peebles</small>
**Agave chrysoglossa* <small>I.M.Johnst.</small>
**Agave cocui* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave coetocapnia* <small>(M.Roem.) Govaerts & Thiede</small>
**Agave collina* <small>Greenm.</small>
**Agave colorata* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave confertiflora* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave congesta* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave convallis* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave cremnophila*
**Agave cundinamarcensis* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave cupreata* <small>Trel. & A.Berger</small>

=== D ===
**Agave dasylirioides* <small>Jacobi & C.D.Bouché</small>
**Agave datylio* <small>F.A.C.Weber</small>
**Agave debilis* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave decipiens* <small>Baker</small>
**Agave delamateri* <small>W.C.Hodgs. & Slauson</small>
**Agave demeesteriana* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave deserti* <small>Engelm.</small>
**Agave difformis* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave doctorensis* <small>L.Hern. & Magallán</small>
**Agave dolichantha* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave durangensis* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave dussiana* <small>Trel.</small>

=== E ===
**Agave eggersiana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave ehrenbergii* <small>Jacobi</small> = *Agave mitis* <small>Mart.</small>
**Agave ellemeetiana* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave ensifera* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave evadens* <small>Trel.</small>

=== F ===
**Agave felgeri* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave filifera* <small>Salm-Dyck</small>
**Agave flexispina* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave fortiflora* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave fourcroydes* <small>Lem.</small>
**Agave funkiana* <small>K.Koch & C.D.Bouché</small>
**Agave fusca* <small>(Ravenna) Thiede & Eggli</small>

=== G ===
**Agave galvaniae* <small>(A.Castañeda</small>
**Agave garciae-mendozae* <small>Galván & L.Hern.</small>
**Agave geminiflora* <small>(Tagl.) Ker Gawl.</small>
**Agave gentryi* <small>B.Ullrich</small>
**Agave ghiesbreghtii* <small>Lem. ex Jacobi</small>
**Agave gigantensis* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave gilbertii* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave gomezpompae* <small>Cházaro & Jimeno-Sevilla</small>
**Agave gracielae* <small>Galvan & Zamudio</small>
**Agave gracilipes* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave gracillima* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave graminifolia* <small>(Rose) Govaerts & Thiede</small>
**Agave grisea* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave guadalajarana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave guerrerensis* <small>(Matuda) G.D.Rowley</small>
**Agave guiengola* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave guttata* <small>Jacobi & C.D.Bouché</small>
**Agave gypsophila* <small>Gentry</small>

=== H ===
**Agave harrisii* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave hauniensis* <small>J.B.Petersen</small>
**Agave havardiana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave hiemiflora* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave hookeri* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave horrida* <small>Lem. ex Jacobi</small>
**Agave howardii* <small>(Verh.-Will.) Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave hurteri* <small>Trel.</small>

=== I ===
**Agave impressa* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave inaequidens* <small>K.Koch</small>
**Agave inaguensis* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave indagatorum* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave intermixta* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave involuta* <small>(McVaugh) Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave isthmensis* <small>A.García-Mend. & F.Palma</small>

=== J ===
**Agave jaiboli* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave jaliscana* <small>(Rose) A.Berger</small>
**Agave jarucoensis* <small>A.Álvarez</small>
**Agave jimenoi* <small>Cházaro & A.Vázquez</small>
**Agave justosierrana* <small>(García-Mend.) Thiede</small>

=== K ===
**Agave karatto* <small>Mill.</small>
**Agave karwinskii* <small>Zucc.</small>
**Agave kavandivi* <small>García-Mend. & C.Chávez</small>
**Agave kerchovei* <small>Lem.</small>
**Agave kewensis* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave kristenii* <small>A.Vázquez & Cházaro</small>

=== L ===
**Agave lagunae* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave lechuguilla* <small>Torr.</small>
**Agave × leopoldii* <small>W.Watson</small>
**Agave littoralis* <small>(García-Mend.</small>
**Agave longibracteata* <small>(Verh.-Will.) Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave longiflora* <small>(Rose) G.D.Rowley</small>
**Agave longipes* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave lopantha* <small>Schiede ex Kunth</small> = A. univittata in WCSP -->

=== M ===
**Agave macroacantha* <small>Zucc.</small>
**Agave maculata* <small>Regel</small>
**Agave madrensis* <small>Villarreal</small>
**Agave manantlanicola* <small>Cuevas & Santana-Michel</small>
**Agave mapisaga* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave margaritae* <small>Brandegee</small>
**Agave maria-patriciae* <small>Cházaro & Arzaba</small>
**Agave marmorata* <small>Roezl</small>
**Agave maximiliana* <small>Baker</small>
**Agave mckelveyana* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave melanacantha* <small>Lem. ex Jacobi</small>
**Agave michoacana* <small>(M.Cedano</small>
**Agave microceps* <small>(Kimnach) A.Vázquez & Cházaro</small>
**Agave millspaughii* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave minor* <small>Proctor</small>
**Agave missionum* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave mitis* <small>Mart.</small>
**Agave montana* <small>Villarreal</small>
**Agave montium-sancticaroli* <small>García-Mend.</small>
**Agave moranii* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave multicolor* <small>(E.Solano & Dávila) Thiede</small>
**Agave multifilifera* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave murpheyi* <small>Gibson</small>

=== N ===
**Agave nanchititlensis* <small>(Matuda) ined.</small>
**Agave nashii* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave nayaritensis* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave neglecta* <small>Small</small>
**Agave neocernua* <small>Thiede</small>
**Agave neonelsonii* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave neopringlei* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave nickelsiae* <small>Rol.-Goss.</small>
**Agave nizandensis* <small>Cutak</small>
**Agave nuusaviorum* <small>García-Mend.</small>

=== O ===
**Agave oaxacana* <small>(García-Mend. & E.Solano) Thiede</small>
**Agave obscura* <small>Schiede ex Schltdl.</small>
**Agave ocahui* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave offoyana* <small>De Smet ex Jacobi</small>
**Agave ornithobroma* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave oroensis* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave ortgiesiana* <small>(Baker) Trel. in L.H.Bailey</small>
**Agave oteroi* <small>G.D. Starr & T.J. Davis</small>
**Agave ovatifolia* <small>G.D.Starr & Villarreal</small>

=== P ===
**Agave pablocarrilloi* <small>A.Vázquez</small>
**Agave pachycentra* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave palmeri* <small>Engelm.</small>
**Agave palustris* <small>(Rose) Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave panamana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave paniculata* <small>(L.Hern.</small>
**Agave papyrocarpa* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave parrasana* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave parryi* <small>Engelm.</small>
**Agave parva* <small>(Aarón Rodr.) Thiede</small>
**Agave parvidentata* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave parviflora* <small>Torr. in W.H.Emory</small>
**Agave pax* <small>Gir.-Cañas</small>
**Agave peacockii* <small>Croucher</small>
**Agave pelona* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave pendula* <small>Schnittsp.</small>
**Agave petiolata* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave petrophila* <small>A.García-Mend. & E.Martínez</small>
**Agave petskinil* <small>(R.A.Orellana</small>
**Agave phillipsiana* <small>W.C.Hodgs.</small>
**Agave pintilla* <small>S.González</small>
**Agave planifolia* <small>S.Watson</small>
**Agave platyphylla* <small>(Rose) Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave polianthes* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave polianthiflora* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave polyacantha* <small>Haw.</small>
**Agave potatorum* <small>Zucc.</small>
**Agave potosina* <small>B.L.Rob. & Greenm.</small>
**Agave potreriana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave pratensis* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave pringlei* <small>Engelm. ex Baker</small>
**Agave producta* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave promontorii* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave pubescens* <small>Regel & Ortgies</small>

=== Q ===
**Agave quilae* <small>(Art.Castro & Aarón Rodr.) Thiede & Govaerts</small>

=== R ===
**Agave revoluta* <small>Klotzsch</small>
**Agave rhodacantha* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave rosei* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave rovelliana* <small>Tod.</small>
**Agave rutteniae* <small>Hummelinck</small>
**Agave rzedowskiana* <small>P.Carrillo</small>

=== S ===
**Agave salmiana* <small>Otto ex Salm-Dyck</small>
**Agave scabra* <small>Ortega</small>
**Agave scaposa* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave schidigera* <small>Lem.</small>
**Agave schneideriana* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave schottii* <small>Engelm.</small>
**Agave sebastiana* <small>Greene</small>
**Agave seemanniana* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave shaferi* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave shawii* <small>Engelm.</small>
**Agave shrevei* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave sileri* <small>(Verh.-Will.) Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave singuliflora* <small>(S.Watson) A.Berger</small>
**Agave sisalana* <small>Perrine</small>
**Agave sobolifera* <small>Houtt.</small>
**Agave sobria* <small>Brandegee</small>
**Agave spicata* <small>Cav.</small>
**Agave stictata* <small>Thiede & Eggli</small>
**Agave striata* <small>Zucc.</small>
**Agave stricta* <small>Salm-Dyck</small>
**Agave stringens* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave subsimplex* <small>Trel.</small>

=== T ===
**Agave tecta* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave temacapulinensis* <small>A.Vázquez & Cházaro</small>
**Agave tenuifolia* <small>Zamudio & E.Sánchez</small>
**Agave tequilana* <small>F.A.C.Weber</small>
**Agave thomasiae* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave titanota* <small>Gentry</small>
**Agave toumeyana* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave triangularis* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave tubulata* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave turneri* <small>R.H.Webb & Salazar-Ceseña</small>

=== U ===
**Agave umbrophila* <small>(García-Mend.) Thiede</small>
**Agave underwoodii* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave undulata* <small>Klotzsch</small>
**Agave univittata* <small>Haw.</small>
**Agave utahensis* <small>Engelm. in S.Watson</small>

=== V ===
**Agave valenciana* <small>Cházaro & A.Vázquez</small>
**Agave variegata* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave vazquezgarciae* <small>Cházaro & J.A.Lomelí</small>
**Agave vera-cruz* <small>Mill.</small>
**Agave verdensis* <small>W.C.Hodgs. & Salywon</small>
**Agave verhoekiae* <small>(García-Mend.) Thiede</small>
**Agave vicina* <small>Trel.</small>
**Agave victoriae-reginae* <small>T.Moore</small>
**Agave vilmoriniana* <small>A.Berger</small>
**Agave virginica* <small>L.</small>
**Agave vivipara* <small>L.</small>
**Agave vizcainoensis* <small>Gentry</small>

=== W ===
**Agave wallisii* <small>Jacobi</small>
**Agave warelliana* <small>Baker</small>
**Agave weberi* <small>J.F.Cels ex J.Poiss.</small>
**Agave wercklei* <small>F.A.C.Weber ex Wercklé</small>
**Agave wildingii* <small>Tod.</small>
**Agave wocomahi* <small>Gentry</small>

=== X ===
**Agave xylonacantha* <small>Salm-Dyck</small>

=== Y ===
**Agave yavapaiensis* <small>W.C.Hodgs. & Salywon</small>
**Agave zapopanensis* <small>(E.Solano & Ríos-Gómez) Thiede</small>
**Agave zebra* <small>Gentry</small> - Sonora

=== Z ===
**Agave zapopanensis* <small>(E.Solano & Ríos-Gómez) Thiede</small>
**Agave zebra* <small>Gentry</small>

== Galeri ==
Budidaya *Agave cantale* di [[Surakarta]] pada awal abad ke-20
<gallery>
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Jonge en oude cantala agaveplanten op het land van onderneming Mento Toelakan in Solo Java TMnr 10011425.jpg|Tumbuhan *Agave cantela* muda dan tua di tanah perusahaan Mento Tulakan, Solo, Jawa Tengah
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Op onderneming Mento Toelakan in Solo worden de bladeren van de cantala agave geoogst Java TMnr 10011431.jpg|Panen daun *Agave cantala* di perusahaan Mento Tulakan di Solo, Jawa Tengah.
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Op onderneming Mento Toelakan in Solo wordt de geoogste bladeren van de cantala agave per kar vervoerd Java TMnr 10011430.jpg|Hasil panen *Agave cantala* diangkut oleh kuda di perusahaan Mento Tulakan Solo
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Pas gesneden jonge en oude Agave cantala op de onderneming Mento Toelakan in Solo TMnr 10013296.jpg|Hasil potong segar *Agave cantala* muda dan tua di perusahaan Mento Tulakan di Solo
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Uitgraven en schoonmaken van Agave cantala op de onderneming Mento Toelakan in Solo TMnr 10013295.jpg|Pembersihan *Agave cantala* pada perusahaan Mento Tulakan enterprise di Solo
COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Vrouwelijke medewerkers halen de doornen af van de bladeren van de cantala agave op het veld van onderneming Mento Toelakan in Solo Java TMnr 10011432.jpg|Female employees remove the thorns from the leaves of the *Agave cantala* agave in the field of company Mento Tulakan in Solo
</gallery>
== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.kebonkembang.com/profil-tanaman-rubrik-33/agave-persembahan-para-bangsawan.html Kebonkembang.com] 

== Bibiliografi ==
[[Howard Scott Gentry]], *Agaves of Continental North America* (University of Arizona Press, 1982), the standard work, with accounts of 136 species.
* [http://www.agavaceae.info Die Agaven.] 
* [http://www.ipni.org/index.html IPNI: The International Plant Name Index].
* [http://wildflower.utexas.edu/plants/search.php?search_field=agave&newsearch=true&family= Native Plant Information Network] More information on species in the *Agave'' genus.

## Referensi