Jason Robards

**Jason Nelson Robards Jr.** (26 Juli 1922 – 26 Desember 2000) adalah seorang aktor Amerika. Dikenal karena perannya di panggung dan layar, ia memperoleh reputasi sebagai penafsir karya-karya penulis naskah Eugene O'Neill. Robards menerima banyak penghargaan dan merupakan salah satu dari 24 pemain yang mencapai Triple Crown of Acting telah memperoleh kemenangan kompetitif selama dua Academy Awards, Tony Award, dan Emmy Award. Dia dilantik menjadi anggota American Theatre Hall of Fame pada tahun 1979, memperoleh penghargaan National Medal of Arts pada tahun 1997, dan Kennedy Center Honors pada tahun 1999.

Robards memulai kariernya di teater, membuat debut Broadway-nya dengan memerankan James Tyrone Jr. dalam kebangkitan kembali drama Eugene O'Neill tahun 1956 *[[Long Day's Journey into Night]]* mendapatkan Theatre World Award. Ia memperoleh Penghargaan Tony untuk Aktor Terbaik dalam Drama untuk perannya dalam drama Budd Schulberg *[[The Disenchanted]]* (1959). Peran lain yang dinominasikan Tony adalah di *Long Day's Journey into Night* (1956). *[[Toys in the Attic (drama)|Toys in the Attic]]* (1960), *[[After the Fall (drama)|After the Fall]]* (1964), *[[Hughie]]* (1965), *[[The Country Girl (drama 1950)|The Country Girl]]* (1972), *[[A Moon for the Misbegotten]]* (1973), dan *[[A Touch of the Poet]]* (1978).

Ia membuat debut film fiturnya di *[[The Journey (film 1959)|The Journey]]* (1959). Ia kemudian memenangkan dua penghargaan berturut-turut Academy Awards untuk Aktor Pendukung Terbaik karena memerankan Ben Bradlee dalam *[[All the President's Men (film)|All the President's Men]]* (1976), dan Dashiell Hammett dalam *[[Julia (film 1977)|Julia]]* (1977). Dia dinominasikan Oscar untuk perannya sebagai Howard Hughes di *[[Melvin and Howard]]* (1980). Film-film terkenal lainnya termasuk *[[Long Day's Journey into Night (1962 film)|Long Day's Journey into Night]]* (1962), *[[A Thousand Clowns]]* (1965), *[[Once Upon a Time in the West]]* (1968), *[[Tora! Tora! Tora!]]* (1970), *[[Parenthood (film)|Parenthood]]* (1989), *[[Philadelphia (film)|Philadelphia]]* (1993), *[[Enemy of the State (film)|Enemy of the State]]* (1998), dan *[[Magnolia (film)|Magnolia]]* (1999).

Di televisi, Robards memenangkan Primetime Emmy Award untuk Aktor Utama Luar Biasa dalam Serial Terbatas atau Film atas penampilannya sebagai Henry Drummond dalam adaptasi televisi NBC *[[Inherit the Wind (film 1988)|Inherit the Wind]]* (1988). Peran lain yang dinominasikan Emmy adalah *Abe Lincoln in Illinois* (1964), *[[A Moon for the Misbegotten]]* (1975), **' (1977), dan ''F.D.R.: The Last Year'' (1980).

== Karya ==

=== Teater ===

* ''[[Long Day's Journey Into Night]]'' (1956)
* ''[[The Disenchanted]]'' (1958)
* ''[[Toys in the Attic (film)|Toys in the Attic]]'' (1960)
* ''[[Big Fish, Little Fish]]'' 	(1961)
* ''[[A Thousand Clowns]]'' (1962)
* ''[[Hughie]]'' (1964)
* ''[[But For Whom Charlie]]'' (1964)
* ''[[After The Fall]]'' (1964)
* ''[[The Devils]]'' (1965)
* ''[[A Thousand Clowns]]'' (1965)
* ''[[We Bombed in New Haven]]'' (1968)
* ''[[The Country Girl]]'' (1972)
* ''[[A Moon for the Misbegotten]]'' (1973)
* ''[[A Touch of the Poet]]'' (1977)
* ''[[You Can't Take It With You]]'' (1984)
* ''[[The Iceman Cometh]]'' (1985)
* ''[[A Month of Sundays]]'' (1987)
* ''[[Ah, Wilderness!]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Long Day's Journey Into Night]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Love Letters (play)|Love Letters]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Park Your Car in Harvard Yard]]'' (1991)
* ''[[No Man's Land]]'' (1994)

=== Film ===

* ''[[The Journey (film)|The Journey]]'' (1959)
* ''[[By Love Possessed]]'' (1961)
* ''[[Long Day's Journey Into Night (1962 film)|Long Day's Journey Into Night]]'' (1962)
* ''[[Tender Is the Night (1962 film)|Tender Is the Night]]'' (1962)
* ''[[Act One]]'' (1963) (sebagai [[George S. Kaufman]])
* ''[[A Thousand Clowns]]'' (1965)
* ''[[Any Wednesday]]'' (1966)
* ''[[A Big Hand for the Little Lady]]'' (1966)
* ''[[Hour of the Gun]]'' (1967) (as [[Doc Holliday]])
* ''[[The St. Valentine's Day Massacre (film)|The St. Valentine's Day Massacre]]'' (1967) (sebagai [[Al Capone]])
* ''[[Divorce American Style]]'' (1967)
* ''[[Isadora]]'' (1968)
* ''[[The Night They Raided Minsky's]]'' (1968)
* ''[[Once Upon a Time in the West]]'' (1968)
* ''[[Fools (film)|Fools]]'' (1970)
* ''[[Julius Caesar (1970 film)|Julius Caesar]]'' (1970) (sebagai [[Marcus Junius Brutus|Brutus]])
* ''[[Rosolino Paternò: Soldato...]]'', aka ''Operation Snafu'' (1970)
* ''[[Tora! Tora! Tora!]]'' (1970) (sebagai [[Walter Short|Gen. Walter Short]])
* ''[[The Ballad of Cable Hogue]]'' (1970)
* ''[[Murders in the Rue Morgue (film)|Murders in the Rue Morgue]]'' (1971)
* ''[[Jud (film)|Jud]]'' (1971)
* ''[[Johnny Got His Gun]]'' (1971)
* ''[[The War Between Men and Women]]'' (1972)
* ''[[The Death Merchants]]'' aka ''Tod eines Fremden'', aka ''The Execution'' (1973)
* ''[[Pat Garrett and Billy the Kid]]'' (1973) (sebagai [[Lew Wallace]])
* ''[[Mr. Sycamore]]'' (1975)
* ''[[A Boy and His Dog]]'' (1975)
* ''[[All the President's Men (film)|All the President's Men]]'' (1976) (sebagai [[Benjamin C. Bradlee|Ben Bradlee]]) [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Academy Award, Best Supporting Actor]]
* ''[[Julia (film)|Julia]]'' (1977) (as [[Dashiell Hammett]]) [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Academy Award, Best Supporting Actor]]
* ''[[Comes a Horseman]]'' (1978)
* ''[[Hurricane (1979 film)|Hurricane]]'' (1979)
* ''[[Melvin and Howard]]'' (1980) (as [[Howard Hughes]]) [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]] nomination, [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
* ''[[Raise the Titanic!]]'' (1980)
* ''[[Caboblanco]]'' (1980)
* ''[[The Legend of the Lone Ranger (1981 film)|The Legend of the Lone Ranger]]'' (1981) (as [[Ulysses S. Grant|President Ulysses S. Grant]])
* ''[[Something Wicked This Way Comes (1983 film)|Something Wicked this Way Comes]]'' (1983)
* ''[[Max Dugan Returns]]'' (1983)
* ''[[The World of Tomorrow]]'' (1984)
* ''[[America and Lewis Hine]]'' (1984)
* ''[[Square Dance (film)|Square Dance]]'' (1987)
* ''[[The Good Mother (1988 film)|The Good Mother]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Bright Lights, Big City]]'' (1988)
* ''[[Black Rainbow]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Parenthood (film)|Parenthood]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Reunion (film)|Reunion]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Dream a Little Dream]]'' (1989)
* ''[[Quick Change]]'' (1990)
* ''[[Empire of the Air: The Men Who Made Radio]]'' (1991)
* ''[[Storyville (film)|Storyville]]'' (1992)
* ''[[Philadelphia (film)|Philadelphia]] (1993)
* ''[[The Trial (1993 film)]]'' (1993)
* ''[[The Adventures of Huck Finn]]'' (1993)
* ''[[Little Big League]]'' (1994)
* ''[[The Paper]]'' (1994)
* ''[[Crimson Tide (movie)|Crimson Tide]]'' (1995)
* ''[[A Thousand Acres (film)|A Thousand Acres]]'' (1997)
* ''[[The Great American West]]'' (1997)
* ''[[Heartwood]]'' (1998)
* ''[[Enemy of the State (film)|Enemy of the State]]'' (1998)
* ''[[Beloved (film)|Beloved]]'' (1998)
* ''[[The Real Macaw]]'' (1998)
* ''[[Magnolia (movie)|Magnolia]]'' (1999)
* ''[[They Drew Fire: Combat Artists of World War II]]'' (2000)

=== Television ===

* ''[[A Doll's House]]'' (1959)
* ''[[The Iceman Cometh]] (1960)
* ''[[Abe Lincoln in Illinois (film)|Abe Lincoln in Illinois]]'' (1964) (sebagai [[Abraham Lincoln]]) [[Emmy Award]] nomination, Outstanding Single Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role
* ''[[Noon Wine]]'' (1966)
* ''[[The House Without a Christmas Tree]]'' (1972)
* ''[[The Country Girl]]'' (1973)
* ''[[The Holiday Treasure]]'' (1973)
* ''[[A Moon for the Misbegotten]]'' (1975) [[Emmy Award]] nomination, Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama or Comedy Special
* ''[[The Easter Promise]]'' (1975)
* ''[[Addie and the King of Hearts]]'' (1976)
* **' (1977) Emmy Award nomination, Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series
* *[[A Christmas to Remember]]* (1978)
* *[[Haywire]]* (1980) (sebagai Leland Hayward)
* *[[F.D.R.: The Last Year]]* (1980) (sebagai Franklin D. Roosevelt) Emmy Award nomination, Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Special
* *[[The Day After]]* (1983)
* *[[You Can't Take It with You]]* (1984)
* *[[Sakharov]]* (1984) (as Andrei Sakharov)
* *[[Hughie]]* (1984)
* *[[The Long Hot Summer]]* (1985)
* *[[The Atlanta Child Murders]]* (1985)
* *Johnny Bull* (1986)
* *[[The Last Frontier]]* (1986)
* *[[Breaking Home Ties]]* (1987)
* *[[Laguna Heat]]* (1987)
* *[[Thomas Hart Benton]] * (1988)
* *[[The Christmas Wife]]* (1988)
* *[[Inherit the Wind]]* (1988) Emmy Award, Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or Special
* *[[The Civil War (documentary)|The Civil War]]* (1990) (suara, sebagai Gen. Ulysses S. Grant)
* *[[Mark Twain and Me]]* (1991) (sebagai Mark Twain)
* *[[An Inconvenient Woman]]* (1991)
* ** (1991) (sebagai Dr. Armand Hammer)
* *[[American Masters]]: Helen Hayes – First Lady of the American Theatre* (1991) (voice narration)
* *[[When It Was a Game]]* (1991) (suara)
* *[[The Perfect Tribute]]* (1991) (sebagai Abraham Lincoln)
* *[[Rabbit Ears: Jonah and the Whale]]* (1992)
* *[[Lincoln (1992 TV program)|Lincoln]]* (1992) (suara, sebagai Abraham Lincoln)
* *[[When It Was a Game 2]]* (1992) (suara)
* *[[Heidi]]* (1993)
* *[[The Enemy Within (TOS episode)]]* (1994)
* *[[Baseball (documentary)|Baseball]]* (1994) (suara)
* *[[Journey]]* (1995)
* *[[My Antonia (movie)|My Antonia]]* (1995)
* *[[TR (documentary)|TR]]* (1996)
* *[[The West (documentary)|The West]]* (1996) (suara)
* *[[Truman (television movie)|Truman]]* (1996)
* *[[The Irish in America: Long Journey Home]]* (1998) (suara)
* ''Going Home

## Penghargaan

## Pranala luar

* 
*  American Theatre Wing's Tony Awards Website