Sidney Hook

**Sidney Hook** () adalah filsuf Amerika aliran pragmatis. Dikenal atas kontribusinya dalam filsafat sejarah, filsafat pendidikan, teori politik dan etika. Setelah menganut komunisme pada masa mudanya, Hook kemudian dikenal atas kritiknya terhadap totalitarianisme dari fasisme dan Marxisme-Leninisme. Dia adalah seorang demokrat sosial pragmatis, yang terkadang bekerja sama dengan kelompok konservatif, khususnya dalam menentang komunisme. Setelah Perang Dunia II, dia berpendapat bahwa anggota kelompok seperti Partai Komunis AS dan konspirasi Leninis lainnya dapat secara etika dilarang untuk menempati kantor kepercayaan publik karena mereka menganjurkan penggulingan keras pemerintahan demokratis.

## Bibliografi

### Buku
* ''The Metaphysics of Pragmatism'' Chicago, The Open Court Publishing Company, 1927.
* *Towards the Understanding of Karl Marx: A Revolutionary Interpretation* New York City: John Day Company, 1933.
* ''Christianity and Marxism: A Symposium'' New York City: Polemic Publishers, 1934.
* *The Meaning of Marx*, an edited collection, 1934.
* *From Hegel to Marx*, 1936.
* *John Dewey: An Intellectual Portrait*, 1939.
* *[https://archive.org/details/reasonsocialmyth00hook Reason, Social Myths, and Democracy]*, 1940.
* ''The Hero in History: A Study in Limitation and Possibility'', 1943.
* ''Education for Modern Man'', 1946.
* *John Dewey: Philosopher of Science and Freedom*, Hook, editor, 1950.
* *Heresy, Yes; Conspiracy, No*, 1953 (originally published as soft-back in 1952 by American Committee for Cultural Freedom)
* *Marx and the Marxists: The Ambiguous Legacy*, 1955.
* ''Common Sense and the Fifth Amendment'' New York City: Criterion Books, 1957.
* *[https://archive.org/details/politicalpowerpe00hook Political power and personal freedom: critical studies in democracy, communism, and civil rights]*, New York City: Criterion Books, 1959.
* *The Quest for Being, and Other Studies in Naturalism and Humanism*, 1961.
* *The Fail-Safe Fallacy*, 1962.
* *The Paradoxes of Freedom*, 1963.
* *The Place of Religion in a Free Society*, 1968.
* *Academic Freedom and Academic Anarchy*, 1970.
* *Pragmatism and the Tragic Sense of Life*, 1974.
* *Marxism and Beyond*, 1983.
* *Out of Step*, 1987.
* *Convictions*, 1990.
* *Sidney Hook on Pragmatism, Democracy, and Freedom: The Essential Essays*, Robert B. Talisse and Robert Tempio (eds.), Amherst: Prometheus Books, 2002.

### Artikel
* "Karl Marx and Moses Hess," 1934
* "Marx's Criticism of 'True Socialism,'" 1935
* "Marx and Feuerbach," 1936
* "Heresy, Yes—But Conspiracy, No," ''The New York Times'', 1950

## Lihat pula
* Filsafat Amerika
* Daftar filsuf Amerika

## Referensi

## Bibliografi pilihan oleh Hook
* *Out of Step*, Harper & Row, 1987.Autobiography
* Robert B. Talisse and Robert Tempio, eds., *Sidney Hook on Pragmatism, Freedom, and Democracy: The Essential Essays*, Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books, 2002.

## Bacaan lebih lanjut
* Cotter, Matthew J., ed., *Sidney Hook Reconsidered*, Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books, 2004.
* Diggins, John Patrick, *Up From Communism*, New York City: Columbia University Press, then Harper & Row, 1975.
* Kurtz, Paul, ed., *Sidney Hook and the Contemporary World*, New York: John Day and Co., 1968.
* Kurtz, Paul, ed., *Sidney Hook: Philosopher of Democracy and Humanism* (a festschrift, for Hook's 80th birthday, containing four essays on his person and writings by Nicholas Capaldi, Milton R. Konvitz, Irving Kristol, and Paul Kurtz), Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books, 1983.
* Levine, Barbara, ed., *Sidney Hook: A Checklist of Writings*, Carbondale: Southern Illinois University, 1989.
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* Sidorsky, David, “Charting the Intellectual Career of Sidney Hook: Five Major Steps,” *Partisan Review*, vol. 70, no. 2, pp.&nbsp;324–342, 2003.

## Pranala luar

* Book review of new edition of ''Towards the Understanding of Karl Marx'' (1933)
* Paul Mattick pamphlet in opposition to Hook, 1936.)
* Meyer Shapiro's polemic against Hook in ''Fourth International'' under the pseudonym "Morrison," 1943.)
* Julius Jacobson on Hook and Cold War liberalism 
* ''Chronicle of Higher Education'' article on the legacy of Sidney Hook
* Christopher Phelps, "Left Hook, Right Hook: The Rules of Engagement."
* Review of David Gordon, *Letters of Sidney Hook* - by David Gordon (Fall 1998), 1995.
* A warning against Menachem Begin. 
* John Patrick Diggins, Ellen Frankel Paul, Fred Dycus Miller, Jeffrey Paul, eds., "Sidney Hook, Robert Nozick, and the Paradoxes of Freedom,", *Natural Rights Liberalism from Locke to Nozick* (*Social Philosophy and Policy*, vol. 22, no. 1, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp.&nbsp;200–220, 2005. 
* Dvid Sidorsky, essay on Sidney Hook, ''Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'', online
* Sidney Hook papers at the Hoover Institution Archives.
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