Aldous Huxley

**Aldous Leonard Huxley**  (26 Juli 1894– 22 November 1963) adalah penulis, filsuf Inggris, dan anggota keluarga Huxley yang cukup terkenal.

Dia dikenal atas novel-novelnya seperti *[[Brave New World]]* yang berlatar di London era distopia , buku nonfiksinya seperti *[[The Doors of Perception]]* yang menjabarkan pengalaman setelah mengonsumsi obat psikedelik, dan serangkaian esainya, serta novel dengan tema serupa berjudul *Island* (1962). Pada awal kariernya, Huxley menjadi penyunting majalah *[[Oxford Poetry]]* dan menulis cerpen dan puisi. Ia kemudian menulis catatan perjalanan, cerita dan naskah film. Ia menghabiskan separuh akhir hidupnya di Los Angeles, Amerika Serikat, sejak 1937 sampai meninggal dunia. Pada tahun 1962, setahun sebelum meninggal, ia diangkat sebagai Companion of Literature oleh Royal Society of Literature.

Huxley adalah seorang humanis, pasifis, dan satiris. Huxley kemudian tertarik dengan hal-hal spiritual seperti parapsikologi dan mistisisme filosofis, khususnya universalisme. Menjelang akhir hidupnya, Huxley diakui secara luas sebagai salah satu intelek berpengaruh pada masa itu.

## Penghargaan
* 1939 James Tait Black Memorial Prize 
* 1959 American Academy of Arts and Letters Award of Merit .
* 1962 Companion of Literature 

## Adaptasi film
* 1968 *[[Point Counter Point]]* 
* 1971 *[[The Devils (film)|The Devils]]* 
* 1980 *[[Brave New World (film 1980)|Brave New World]]* 
* 1998 *[[Brave New World (film 1998)|Brave New World]]* 

## Karya pilihan
### Novel
* 1921 *[[Crome Yellow]]*
* 1923 *[[Antic Hay]]*
* 1925 *[[Those Barren Leaves]]*
* 1928 *[[Point Counter Point]]*
* 1932 *[[Brave New World]]*
* 1936 *[[Eyeless in Gaza (novel)|Eyeless in Gaza]]*
* 1939 *[[After Many a Summer]]*
* 1944 *[[Time Must Have a Stop]]*
* 1948 *[[Ape and Essence]]*
* 1955 *[[The Genius and the Goddess]]*
* 1962 *[[Island (novel Huxley)|Island]]*

### Koleksi cerita pendek
* 1920 *[[Limbo (Huxley)|Limbo]]*
* 1922 *[[Mortal Coils]]*
* 1924 *[[Little Mexican]]* 
* 1926 *[[Two or Three Graces]]*
* 1930 *[[Brief Candles]]*
* 1944 *[[Collected Short Stories (Huxley)|Collected Short Stories]]*
* *[[Jacob's Hands: A Fable]]* 

### Koleksi puisi
* 1916 *[[Oxford Poetry]]* 
* 1916 *The Burning Wheel*
* 1917 *Jonah*
* 1918 *The Defeat of Youth and Other Poems*
* 1920 *Leda*
* 1925 *Selected Poems*
* 1929 *Arabia Infelix and Other Poems*
* 1931 *The Cicadas and Other Poems*
* 1971 *Collected Poems*

### Koleksi esai
* 1923 *On the Margin*
* 1925 *Along the Road*
* 1926 *Essays New and Old*
* 1927 *Proper Studies*
* 1929 *Do What You Will*
* 1930 *Vulgarity in Literature*
* 1931 *[[Music at Night]]*
* 1932 *Texts and Pretexts*
* 1936 *The Olive Tree and other essays*
* 1937 *[[Ends and Means]]*
* 1940 *Words and their Meanings*
* 1942 *[[The Art of Seeing]]*
* 1945 *[[The Perennial Philosophy]]*
* 1946 *[[Science, Liberty and Peace]]*
* 1950 *Themes and Variations*
* 1954 *[[The Doors of Perception]]*
* 1956 *[[Heaven and Hell (esai)|Heaven and Hell]]*
* 1956 *Adonis and the Alphabet* 
* 1958 *Collected Essays*
* 1958 *[[Brave New World#Brave New World Revisited|Brave New World Revisited]]*
* 1963 *[[Literature and Science]]*
* 1977 *Moksha: Writings on Psychedelics and the Visionary Experience 1931–63*
* 1977 *The Human Situation: Lectures at Santa Barbara, 1959*

### Naskah
* *[[Brave New World]]*
* *[[Ape and Essence]]*
* 1940 *[[Pride and Prejudice (film 1940)|Pride and Prejudice]]* 
* 1943 *[[Madame Curie (film)|Madame Curie]]* 
* 1944 *[[Jane Eyre (film 1943)|Jane Eyre]]* 
* 1947 *[[A Woman's Vengeance]]*
* 1950 *[[Prelude to Fame]]*
* 1951 Naskah asli (ditolak) film animasi Disney, *[[Alice in Wonderland (film 1951)|Alice in Wonderland]]*
* 1971 *[[Eyeless in Gaza (seri TV)|Eyeless in Gaza]]* 

### Buku perjalanan
* 1925 *Along The Road: Notes and essays of a tourist*
* 1926 *[[Jesting Pilate (Huxley)|Jesting Pilate: The Diary of a Journey]]*
* 1934 *[[Beyond the Mexique Bay|Beyond the Mexique Bay: A Traveller's Journey]]*

### Fiksi anak-anak
* 1967 *[[The Crows of Pearblossom]]*

### Drama
* 1924 *The Discovery* 
* 1931 *The World of Light*
* 1948 *Mortal Coils – A Play* 
* 1958 *The Genius and the Goddess* 
* 1967 *The Ambassador of Captripedia*
* 2000 *Now More Than Ever* 

### Artikel di ''Vedanta and the West''
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* 
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* 
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* 1949 &nbsp;"Art and Religion
* 1950 &nbsp;"Foreword to an Essay on the Indian Philosophy of Peace"
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* 1955 &nbsp;"Who Are We?"
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* 1957 &nbsp;"The "Inanimate" is Alive"
* 1960 &nbsp;"Symbol and Immediate Experience"

### Rekaman suara di CD
* 1955 *[[Knowledge and Understanding]]*
* 1955 *[[Who Are We? (album)|Who Are We?]]*

### Lainnya
* 1936 *Pacifism and Philosophy*
* 1937 *An Encyclopedia of Pacifism* 
* 1941 *[[Grey Eminence]]*
* 1953 *[[The Devils of Loudun]]*
* 1962 *The Politics of Ecology*
* 2007 *Selected Letters*

## Lihat pula

* Daftar aktivis perdamaian

## Referensi

## Sumber

* 
* Anderson, Jack 1982. "Ballet: Suzanne Farrell in 'Variations' Premiere". *New York Times* (4 July).
* Barnes Clive. 1966. "Ballet: Still Another Balanchine-Stravinsky Pearl; City Troupe Performs in Premiere Here 'Variations' for Huxley at State Theater". *New York Times* (1 April): 28.
* Spies, Claudio. 1965. "Notes on Stravinsky's Variations". *Perspectives of New Music* 4, no. 1 (Fall-Winter): 62–74. Reprinted in *Perspectives on Schoenberg and Stravinsky*, revised edition, edited by Benjamin Boretz and Edward T. Cone, [pages]. New York:W. W. Norton, 1972.
* White, Eric Walter. 1979. *Stravinsky: The Composer and His Works*, second edition. Berkeley and Los Angeles: The University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-03985-8.

## Bacaan lanjutan

* Atkins, John. *Aldous Huxley: A Literary Study*, J. Calder, 1956
* 
* 
* Firchow, Peter. *Aldous Huxley: Satirist and Novelist*, U of Minnesota P, 1972
* Firchow, Peter. *The End of Utopia: A Study of Aldous Huxley's Brave New World*, Bucknell UP, 1984
* Huxley, Aldous. *The Human Situation: Aldous Huxley Lectures at Santa Barbara 1959*, Flamingo Modern Classic, 1994, ISBN 0-00-654732-X
* Huxley, Laura Archera. *This Timeless Moment*, Celestial Arts, 2001, ISBN 0-89087-968-0
* Meckier, Jerome. *Aldous Huxley: Modern Satirical Novelist of ideas*, Firchow and Nugel editors, LIT Verlag Berlin-Hamburg-Münster, 2006, ISBN 3-8258-9668-4
* Murray, Nicholas. *Aldous Huxley*, Macmillan, 2003, ISBN 0-312-30237-1
* Rolo, Charles J. (ed.). *The World of Aldous Huxley*, Grosset Universal Library, 1947.
* Sexton, James (ed.). *Aldous Huxley: Selected Letters*, Ivan R. Dee, 2007, ISBN 1-56663-629-9
* Sawyer, Dana. *Aldous Huxley*, Crossroad Publishing Co., 2002, ISBN 0-8245-1987-6
* Shaw, Jeffrey M. *Illusions of Freedom: Thomas Merton and Jacques Ellul on Technology and the Human Condition*. Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock. 2014. ISBN 978-1-62564-058-1.
* Watt, Conrad (ed.). *Aldous Huxley*, Routledge, 1997, ISBN 0-415-15915-6

## Pranala luar

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* 
* Portraits at the National Portrait Gallery
* BBC discussion programme ''In our time'': "Brave New World". Huxley and the novel. 9 April 2009. (Audio, 45 minutes)
* BBC ''In their own words'' series. 12 October 1958. (Video, 12 mins).
* ["The Ultimate Revolution" (talk at [University of California, Berkeley|UC Berkeley], 20 March 1962)] 
* Huxley interviewed  on *[[The Mike Wallace Interview]]* 18 May 1958. (Video)
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* 
* 
* 
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* Centre for Huxley Research
* Aldous Huxley Papers  at University of California, Los Angeles Library Special Collections.
* Aldous Huxley, The Devils of Loudun. Appendix (1952)