Kawasan ekologi

**Kawasan ekologi** adalah sebuah kawasan yang secara geografi dan ekologi yang lebih kecil ketimbang sebuah kawasan biologi, yang di mana lebih kecil daripada wilayah biogeografi. Seluruh tiga kawasan tersebut merupakan sebuah ekosistem. Kawasan ekologi meliputi wilayah besar tanah atau air, dan terdiri dari karakteristik, yang secara geografi terdiri dari komunitas dan spesies alami. Keragaman hayati dari flora, fauna dan ekosistem yang mengkarakeristikkan sebuah kawasan ekologi menjadi berbeda dari kawasan ekologi lainnya. Dalam teorinya, keragaman hayati atau konservasi kawasan ekologi adalah kawasan lahan atau air yang cukup besar memungkinkan untuk ditinggali spesies dan komunitas yang berbeda.

## Referensi

## Daftar pustaka
Sumber-sumber terkait skema WWC:
* Makalah utama:
** Abell, R., M. Thieme, C. Revenga, M. Bryer, M. Kottelat, N. Bogutskaya, B. Coad, N. Mandrak, S. Contreras-Balderas, W. Bussing, M. L. J. Stiassny, P. Skelton, G. R. Allen, P. Unmack, A. Naseka, R. Ng, N. Sindorf, J. Robertson, E. Armijo, J. Higgins, T. J. Heibel, E. Wikramanayake, D. Olson, H. L. Lopez, R. E. d. Reis, J. G. Lundberg, M. H. Sabaj Perez, and P. Petry. (2008). Freshwater ecoregions of the world: A new map of biogeographic units for freshwater biodiversity conservation. *BioScience* 58:403-414, http://www.feow.org/downloads/Abell_et_al_08_BioScience.pdf.
** Olson, D. M., Dinerstein, E., Wikramanayake, E. D., Burgess, N. D., Powell, G. V. N., Underwood, E. C., D'Amico, J. A., Itoua, I., Strand, H. E., Morrison, J. C., Loucks, C. J., Allnutt, T. F., Ricketts, T. H., Kura, Y., Lamoreux, J. F., Wettengel, W. W., Hedao, P., Kassem, K. R. (2001). Terrestrial ecoregions of the world: a new map of life on Earth. *Bioscience* 51(11):933-938, http://wolfweb.unr.edu/~ldyer/classes/396/olsonetal.pdf .
** Spalding, M. D. et al. (2007). Marine ecoregions of the world: a bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. *BioScience* 57: 573-583, http://algae.thu.edu.tw/lab/2013_Meeting_FebJune/2007_Marine_ecoregions_of_the_world.pdf .
* Afrika:
** Burgess, N., J.D. Hales, E. Underwood, and E. Dinerstein (2004). *Terrestrial Ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A Conservation Assessment.* Island Press, Washington, D.C., https://books.google.com/books?id=ZjbwAAAAMAAJ.
** Thieme, M.L., R. Abell, M.L.J. Stiassny, P. Skelton, B. Lehner, G.G. Teugels, E. Dinerstein, A.K. Toham, N. Burgess & D. Olson. 2005. *Freshwater ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar: A conservation assessment.* Washington DC: WWF, https://books.google.com/books?id=3nkL9NqqlscC.
* Amerika Latin
** Dinerstein, E., Olson, D. Graham, D.J. et al. (1995). *A Conservation Assessment of the Terrestrial Ecoregions of Latin America and the Caribbean.* World Bank, Washington DC., http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/957541468270313045/pdf/multi-page.pdf.
** Olson, D. M., E. Dinerstein, G. Cintron, and P. Iolster. 1996. *A conservation assessment of mangrove ecosystems of Latin America and the Caribbean*. Final report for The Ford Foundation. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C.
** Olson, D. M., B. Chernoff, G. Burgess, I. Davidson, P. Canevari, E. Dinerstein, G. Castro, V. Morisset, R. Abell, and E. Toledo. 1997. *Freshwater biodiversity of Latin America and the Caribbean: a conservation assessment*. Draft report. World Wildlife Fund-U.S., Wetlands International, Biodiversity Support Program, and United States Agency for International Development, Washington, D.C., http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/137774.
* Amerika Utara
** Abell, R.A. et al. (2000). *Freshwater Ecoregions of North America: A Conservation Assessment* Washington, DC: Island Press, https://books.google.com/books?id=IpDmnEWoA2oC.
** Ricketts, T.H. et al. 1999. *Terrestrial Ecoregions of North America: A Conservation Assessment*. Washington (DC): Island Press, https://books.google.com/books?id=DRl_RhheUhQC.
* Rusia dan Indo-Pasifik
** Krever, V., Dinerstein, E., Olson, D. and Williams, L. 1994. *Conserving Russia's Biological Diversity: an analytical framework and initial investment portfolio*. WWF, Switzerland.
** Wikramanayake, E., E. Dinerstein, C. J. Loucks, D. M. Olson, J. Morrison, J. L. Lamoreux, M. McKnight, and P. Hedao. 2002. *Terrestrial ecoregions of the Indo-Pacific: a conservation assessment*. Island Press, Washington, DC, USA, https://books.google.com/books?id=_VGRBWqIG2gC.
Others:
* Brunckhorst, D. 2000. *Bioregional planning: resource management beyond the new millennium.* Harwood Academic Publishers: Sydney, Australia.
* Busch, D.E. and J.C. Trexler. eds. 2003. Monitoring Ecosystems: Interdisciplinary approaches for evaluating ecoregional initiatives. Island Press. 447 pages.

## Pranala luar

* WWF WildFinder (interactive on-line map of ecoregions with additional information about animal species)
* WWF Map of the ecozones 
* Activist network cultivating Ecoregions/Bioregions
* Sierra Club  - ecoregions