Hacienda

**Hacienda** ( atau ;  atau ), di koloni-koloni Kekaisaran Spanyol adalah sebuah estate (atau finca), mirip dengan vila Romawi. Beberapa hacienda adalah perkebunan, pertambangan atau pabrik.

## Bacaan tambahan

### Umum

* Mörner, Magnus. "The Spanish American Hacienda: A Survey of Recent Research and Debate," *Hispanic American Historical Review* (1973), 53#2, pp.&nbsp;183–216 in JSTOR 
* Van Young, Eric, "Mexican Rural History Since Chevalier: The Historiography of the Colonial Hacienda," *Latin American Research Review*, 18 (3) 1983; 5-61.

### Hacienda di Meksiko

* Bartlett, Paul Alexander. *The Haciendas of Mexico: An Artist's Record*. Niwot, CO: University Press of Colorado, 1990 in Project Gutenberg 
* Bauer, Arnold. "Modernizing landlords and constructive peasants: In the Mexican countryside", *Mexican Studies / Estudios Mexicanos* (Winter 1998), 14#1, pp.&nbsp;191–212.
* D. A. Brading, *Haciendas and Ranchos in the Mexican Bajío*. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1978.
* Chevalier, François. *Land and Society in Colonial Mexico*. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1963.
* . "The Hacienda in New Spain." In Leslie Bethell (ed.), *The Cambridge History of Latin America*, vol. 4, Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
* Florescano, Enrique. *Precios de maíz y crisis agrícolas en México, 1708 – 1810*. Mexico City: Colegio de México, 1969.
* Gibson, Charles. *The Aztecs Under Spanish Rule*. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1964.
* Harris, Charles H. *A Mexican Family Empire: The Latifundio of the Sánchez Navarros, 1765 – 1867*. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1975, .
* Konrad, Herman W. *A Jesuit Hacienda in Colonial Mexico: Santa Lucía, 1576–1767*. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1980.
* Lockhart, James. "Encomienda and Hacienda: The Evolution of the Great Estate in the Spanish Indies," *Hispanic American Historical Review,* 1969, 59: 411–29,
* Miller, Simon. *Landlords and Haciendas in Modernizing Mexico*. Amsterdam: CEDLA, 1995.
* Morin, Claude. *Michoacán en la Nueva España del Siglo XVIII: Crecimiento y dissigualidad en una economía colonial*. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1979.
* Schryer, Frans J. *The Rancheros of Pisaflores*. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1978.
* Taylor, William B. *Landlord and Peasant in Colonial Oaxaca*. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1972.
* Tayor, William B. "Landed Society in New Spain: A View from the South," *Hispanic American Historical Review* (1974), 54#3, pp.&nbsp;387–413 in JSTOR 
* Tutino, John. *From Insurrection to Revolution in Mexico*. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986.
* Van Young, Eric. *Hacienda and Market in Eighteenth-Century Mexico*. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.
* Wasserman, Mark. *Capitalists, Caciques, and Revolution*. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1984.
* Wells, Allen. *Yucatán's Gilded Age*. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1985.

### Hacienda di Puerto Rico
* Balletto, Barbara *Insight Guide Puerto Rico*
* De Wagenheim, Olga J. *Puerto Rico: An Interpretive History from Precolumbia Times to 1900*
* Figueroa, Luis A. *Sugar, Slavery and Freedom in Nineteenth Century Puerto Rico*
* Scarano, Francisco A. *Sugar and Slavery in Puerto Rico: The Plantation Economy of Ponce, 1800–1850*
* Schmidt-Nowara, Christopher *Empire and Antislavery: Spain, Cuba and Puerto Rico, 1833–1874*
* Soler, Luis M. D. *Historia de la esclavitud negra en Puerto Rico*

### Amerika Selatan
* Lyons, Barry J. *Remembering the Hacienda: Religion, Authority and Social Change in Highland Ecuador* (2006)

## Pranala luar

* historic Fazendas in Brazil