Triumvirat pertama

**Triumvirat Pertama** adalah sebuah aliansi politik informal dari tiga pria berpengaruh antara 60 dan 53 SM, pada akhir zaman Republik Romawi: Gaius Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey Agung), dan Marcus Licinius Crassus. Julius Caesar adalah politikus berpengaruh dengan faksi populares dan kemudian dikenal karena menaklukan Gaul (58-50 SM). Pompey dianggap merupakan senapati teragung pada masanya dan mengkomandani pasukan dalam Perang Servile Ketiga (73–71 SM) di Italia dan Perang Mitridatik Ketiga (73–63 SM) melawan Kerajaan Pontus di Asia Barat.

## Referensi
;Sumber primer
* Appian, The Civil Wars, Digireads.com, 2014;  (book 2 http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Appian/Civil_Wars/2*.html) accessed July 2016
* Cassius Dio, Roman History, Vol. 3 (Loeb Classical Library), Loeb, 1989,  (37 http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/37*.html; accessed July 2016 http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/38*.html and 39 http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Cassius_Dio/39*.html) accessed July 2016
* Plutarch, Lives of the noble Grecians and Romans (Complete and Unabridged), Benediction Classics, 2015,  (The Life of Pompey http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Pompey*.html, The Life of Caesar http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Caesar*.html, The Life of Crassus http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Crassus*.html#ref24, The Life of Cato Minor http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Cato_Minor*.html, The Life of Lucullus http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Lucullus*.htm) accessed July 2016
* Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Penguin Classics, revised edition, 2007; (Julius Caesar http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Julius*.html) accessed July 2016
;Sumber sekunder
* Boak, Arthur E.R. (1925). *History of Rome to 565 A.D.,* New York: Macmillan, see http://rbedrosian.com/Byz/Boak_Rome_to_565.pdf, accessed 18 April 2015.
* Boatwright, Mary T.; Daniel J. Gargola & Richard J. A. Talbert (2004). *The Romans: From Village to Empire,* Oxford University Press, , see https://www.amazon.com/The-Romans-From-Village-Empire/dp/0195118758, accessed 18 April 2015.
* 
* Mitchell, T. N., Cicero, Pompey, and the Rise of the First Triumvirate, Traditio, Vol. 29 (1973), pp.&nbsp;1–26. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27830953?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents accessed July 2016
* Tatum, J. W., The final Crisis (69–44), in Rosenstein, n., Morstein-Marx, R., A Companion to The Roman Republic (Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World), Wiley-Blackwell, 2010; 
* Toynbee, Arnold Joseph (2014). "Julius Caesar (Roman ruler): The first triumvirate and the conquest of Gaul," and "Julius Caesar (Roman ruler): Antecedents and outcome of the civil war of 49–45 bcd," at *Encyclopædia Britannica* (online), see https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/88114/Julius-Caesar/9735/The-first-triumvirate-and-the-conquest-of-Gaul and , accessed 18 April 2015.

## Pranala luar
* Herodotuswebsite.co.uk – an article on how the First Triumvirate came into being. *(Site no longer active, please refer to [https://web.archive.org/web/20080106154350/http://www.herodotuswebsite.co.uk/roman/essays/1stTriumvirate.htm this link], accessed via the [[Internet Archive#Wayback Machine|Wayback Machine]])*