Tak bernegara

**Tak bernegara** () adalah istilah hukum mengenai hilangnya kewarganegaraan, atau absennya hubungan pengakuan antara individu dan suatu negara. Orang yang **tak bernegara secara [[de jure]]** terkadang merupakan orang yang "tidak dianggap sebagai seorang warga negara oleh suatu negara dibawah operasi hukumnya". Orang yang **tak bernegara secara [[de facto]]** adalah orang yang berada di luar negara dari kewarganegaraannya tidak jelas atau untuk alasan-alasan sah, tidak mendapatkan perlindungan dari negara tersebut. Orang yang tak bernegara secara de facto dapat mengakibatkan penganiayaan atau berakibat pada retaknya hubungan diplomatik antara negara asalnya dan negara yang ditinggalinya.

Beberapa orang yang tak bernegara secara *de jure* juga merupakan pengungsi, meskipun tidak semua pencari suaka adalah orang yang tak bernegara secara *de jure* dan tidak semua orang yang tak bernegara secara *de jure* adalah pengungsi. Beberapa orang yang tak bernegara tidak pernah melintasi perbatasan internasional.

## Referensi

## Bacaan tambahan
* Bronwen Manby, Struggles for Citizenship in Africa, 2009
* Laura Bingham, Julia Harrington-Reddy and Sebastian Kohn, De Jure Statelessness in the Real World: Applying the Prato Summary Conclusions , 2011
* Jay Milbrandt, Stateless, 2011
* Open Society Foundations and Refugees International, Without Citizenship: Statelessness, Discrimination, and Repression in Kuwait , 2011
* *[http://www.ipu.org/PDF/publications/nationality_en.pdf Nationality and Statelessness: a Handbook for Parliamentarians]*. High Commissioner for Refugees, Inter-Parliamentary Union, 2005
* Stateless Palestinians 
* Report describing US contributions to the resettlement of stateless populations in 2007
* Brad K. Blitz and Maureen Lynch. "Statelessness and the Benefits of Citizenship: A Comparative Study ."
* Somers, Margaret. 2008. *Genealogies of Citizenship: Markets, Statelessness, and the Right to Have Rights*. Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-79394-0
* *[http://www.equalrightstrust.org/ertdocumentbank/UNRAVELLING%20ANOMALY%20small%20file.pdf Unravelling Anomaly. Detenation, Discrimination and the Protection Needs of the Stateless Persons]*. London: Equal Rights Trust, 2010. ISBN 978-0-9560717-3-6
* Stateless: The World's Most Invisible People . Reuters AlertNet, 2011

## Pranala luar

* Hukum internasional: perjanjian dan hukum kasus
** Full Convention text of 1961 Convention
** Map showing State Parties to 1961 Convention
** Council of Europe Convention on Reduction of Statelessness in Relation to State Succession
** UN Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons  (full text)
** International case law on statelessness
* Intergovernmental organizations:
** UNHCR page on prevention and reduction of statelessness and protection of stateless persons – background information, tools and news From UNHCR website
** UNHCR Map (21 August 2006) Stateless Persons and Populations at Risk of Statelessness (PDF)
* International NGOs
** Statelessness  on the website of the Open Society Foundations
** Statelessness  on the website of Refugees International
** Website of the International Observatory on Statelessness a clearinghouse for NGOs, academics, advocacy groups and policy-makers working on issues of statelessness
** World Service Authority The World Service Authority issues World Passports mainly to refugees and stateless persons; refugees in camps are entitled to free World Passports
** Website of the Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion
** Website of the European Network on Statelessness
* Institusi Akademik
** Website of the Statelessness Programme, an initiative of Tilburg Law School (Netherlands) dedicated to research, training and outreach on statelessness and related issues 
* Negara-negara spesifik
** British nationality – provisions for reducing statelessness 
** United States IRS Form 8898 (Renouncing citizenship).
* Documentary Film on Stateless person
** Man without a nation-documentary film