Mandaisme

**Mandaisme** atau **Mandaeanisme** ( **') adalah sebuah agama [[Gnostisisme|gnostik]] dengan [[kosmologi dualistik]] yang kuat. Para pengikutnya, [[Mandanean]] (orang Manda), memuliakan [[Adam]], [[Habil]], [[Seth]], [[Enos]], [[Nuh]], [[Sem]], [[Aram bin Sem|Aram]], dan khususnya [[Yohanes Pembaptis]]. Mandaean (orang Manda) adalah [[suku Semit]] dan pemakai dialek [[rumpun bahasa Aram Timur|Aram Timur]] yang dikenal sebagai [[bahasa Mandaik]]. Nama 'Mandaean' dikatakan berasal dari kata Aram ''manda'' yang artinya "pengetahuan", seperti halnya kata ''gnosis'' dalam bahasa Yunani. Di Timur Tengah, selain di luar komunitas mereka, Mandaean lebih dikenal sebagai **' (tunggal: ) atau Sabian. Istilah **' berasal dari akar Aram yang berkaitan dengan [[pembaptisan]], neo-Mandaik disebut ''.'' Dalam Islam, "Sabian" ( **') disebut beberapa kali dalam al-Qur'an sebagai Ahli Kitab, bersama dengan Yahudi dan Nasrani. Terkadang, Mandaean disebut "Umat Kristen dari Santo Yohanes".

## Referensi

## Daftar pustaka
* 
* Buckley, Jorunn Jacobsen. 2002. *The Mandaeans: Ancient Texts and Modern People.* Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Buckley. J.J. "Mandaeans" in *Encyclopædia Iranica*
* Drower, Ethel Stefana. 2002. *The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran: Their Cults, Customs, Magic Legends, and Folklore* (reprint). Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press.
* Lupieri, Edmondo. (Charles Hindley, trans.) 2002. *The Mandaeans: The Last Gnostics.* Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.
* "A Brief Note on the Mandaeans: Their History, Religion and Mythology," Mandaean Society in America.
* Newmarker, Chris, Associated Press article, "Faith under fire: Iraq war threatens extinction for ancient religious group" (headline in *The Advocate* of Stamford, Connecticut, page A12, 10 February 2007)
* Petermann, J. Heinrich. 2007 *The Great Treasure of the Mandaeans* (reprint of *Thesaurus s. Liber Magni*). Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press.
* Segelberg, Eric, 1958, *Maşbūtā. Studies in the Ritual of the Mandæan Baptism.* Uppsala
* Segelberg, Eric, 1970, "The Ordination of the Mandæan *tarmida* and its Relation to Jewish and Early Christian Ordination Rites," in *Studia patristica* 10.
* Eric Segelberg, *Trāşa d-Tāga d-Śiślām Rabba.* Studies in the rite called the Coronation of *Śiślām Rabba.* i: *Zur Sprache und Literatur der Mandäer* (Studia Mandaica 1.) Berlin & New York 1976.
* Segelberg, Eric, 1977, "*Zidqa Brika* and the Mandæan Problem. In *Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Gnosticism.* Ed. Geo Widengren and David Hellholm. Stockholm.
* Segelberg, Eric, 1978, "The *pihta* and *mambuha* Prayers. To the Question of the Liturgical Development amnong the Mandæans" in *Gnosis. Festschrift für Hans Jonas.* Göttingen.
* Segelberg, Eric, 1990, "Mandæan – Jewish – Christian. How does the Mandæan tradition relate to Jewish and Christian tradition? in: Segelberg, *Gnostica Madaica Liturgica*. (Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Historia Religionum 11.) Uppsala 1990.
* Yamauchi, Edwin. 2004. *Gnostic Ethics and Mandaean Origins* (reprint). Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press.

## Pranala luar

* Mandaean Association Union&nbsp;– The Mandaean Association Union is an international federation which strives for unification of Mandaeans around the globe. Information in English and Arabic.
* BBC: Iraq chaos threatens ancient faith
* BBC: Mandaeans&nbsp;– a threatened religion 
* Shahāb Mirzā'i, ''Ablution of Mandaeans'' (*Ghosl-e Sābe'in*&nbsp;– غسل صابئين), in Persian, Jadid Online, 18 December 2008
* Audio slideshow (showing Iranian Mandaeans performing ablution on the banks of the Karun river in Ahvaz): (4 min 25 sec)

### Naskah Mandaean

* Mandaean scriptures: *Qolastā* and *Haran Gawaitha* texts and fragments (note that the book titled *Ginza Rba* is not the *Ginza Rba* but is instead *Qolastā*, "The Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans" as translated by E.S Drower).
* Gnostic John the Baptizer: Selections from the Mandæan John-Book: This is the complete 1924 edition of G.R.S. Mead's classic study of the Mandæan John-Book, containing excerpts from the scripture itself (in The Gnosis Archive collection&nbsp;– www.gnosis.org).
* The Ginza Rba (1925 German translation by Mark Lidzbarski) at the Internet Archive
* The John-Book (Draša D-Iahia)&nbsp;– complete text in Mandaic and German translation (1905) by Mark Lidzbarski at the Internet Archive
* Mandaic liturgies – Mandaic text (in Hebrew transliteration) and German translation (1925) by Mark Lidzbarski at the Internet Archive

### Buku tentang Mandaeisme yang tersedia secara daring
* Fragments of a Faith Forgotten by G. R. S. Mead a complete version (with old and new errors), contains information on Mani, Manichaeism, Elkasaites, Nasoraeans, Sabians and other "gnostic" groups. Published in 1901.
* Extracts from E. S. Drower, ''Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran,'' Leiden, 1962
* ''The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran'' by Lady Drower, 1937&nbsp;– the entire book