Parzival

***Parzival*** adalah sebuah romansa Jerman abad pertengahan yang ditulis oleh penyair Wolfram von Eschenbach dalam bahasa Jerman Tinggi Pertengahan. Puisi tersebut, yang umumnya diyakini berasal dari perempat pertama abad ke-13, mengisahkan pahlawan Arthur Parzival (Percival dalam bahasa Inggris) dan pertanyaan panjangnya untuk Piala Suci setelah kegagalan awalnya untuk mendapatkannya.

## Daftar pustaka

* 
* Green, D.H. *The Art of Recognition in Wolfram's Parzival*. Cambridge & New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982. ISBN 0-521-24500-1
* Groos, Arthur. *Romancing the Grail: Genre, Science, and Quest in Wolfram's* Parzival. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-8014-3068-2
* Groos, Arthur. "Wolfram von Eschenbach's 'Bow Metaphor' and the Narrative Technique of *Parzival*." *MLN* 87.3, 1972. 391-408.
* 
* G. Ronald Murphy, SJ. *Gemstone of Paradise: The Holy Grail in Wolfram's Parzival*. Oxford University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-19-530639-2
* Springer, Otto. "Wolfram's *Parzival*" in *Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages*, Roger S. Loomis (ed.). Clarendon Press: Oxford University. 1959. ISBN 0-19-811588-1

## Edisi dan terjemahan
Edisi standar dari teks karya Karl Lachmann, 1926. Karya tersebut merupakan dasar untuk seluruh edisi modern, yang meliputi:
* Wolfram von Eschenbach, *Parzival*. De Gruyter 2003. ISBN 3-11-017859-1.

Terjemahan Inggris:
* Wolfram von Eschenbach, *Parzival with Titurel and The Love-lyrics*, trans. Cyril Edwards. Boydell Press 2004, OUP 2006. ISBN 1-84384-005-7 & ISBN 0-19-280615-7
* Wolfram von Eschenbach, *Parzival*, trans. A.T.Hatto. Penguin 1980. ISBN 0-14-044361-4.
* Wolfram von Eschenbach, *Parzival, A Romance of the Middle Ages*, trans. Helen M. Mustard and Charles E. Passage. Vintage Books, 1961. ISBN 0-394-70188-7
* Wolfram von Eschenbach. *Parzival*, trans. Jessie L. Weston. Digireads.com (January 1, 2014). ISBN 1-4209-4984-5

Terjemahan Jerman modern:
* Wolfram von Eschenbach, *Parzival*. De Gruyter 2003. ISBN 3-11-017859-1. With prose translation by Peter Knecht.
* Wolfram von Eschenbach, *Parzival*, (2 vols). Deutscher Klassiker Verlag 2006. ISBN 3-618-68007-4. With verse translation by Dieter Kühn.
* Wolfram von Eschenbach, *Parzival*, (2 vols). Reclam 1986 ISBN 3-15-003682-8 und ISBN 3-15-003681-X. With translation by Wolfgang Spiewok.
* Hermann Reichert: Wolfram von Eschenbach, Parzival, für Anfänger. Wien: Praesens Verlag, 2., völlig überarbeitete Aufl. 2007. ISBN 978-3-7069-0358-5.

Terjemahan Spanyol:
* Wolfram von Eschenbach, *Parzival*. Siruela 1999. ISBN 978-84-7844-446-5. With translation by Antonio Regales.

Penceritaan fiksi mitos Wolfram:
* Clarke, Lindsay. *Parzival and the Stone from Heaven&nbsp;— a Grail Romance for our Time*. Oxford: Godstow Press, 2011. ISBN 978-0-9547367-5-0.

## Pranala luar

* Literary Encyclopedia entry on ''Parzival''
* Electronic version of a ''Parzival''-manuscript from the ''Bibliotheca Palatina'' (Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg) -from the workplace of Diebold Lauber in Hagenau around 1443-1446.
* E-text of ''Parzival'' from the ''Bibliotheca Augustana''
* Article entitled "Wounded Masculinity: Parsifal and The Fisher King Wound" The symbolism of the story as it relates to the Wounded Masculinity of Men by Richard Sanderson M.Ed., B.A.
* Text of ''Parzival'' on Gutenberg.spiegel.de