Carcharhiniformes

**Hiu tanah**, atau ***Carcharhiniformes***, merupakan ordo ikan hiu yang terbesar. Dengan lebih dari 270 spesies, carcharhiniformes mencakup sejumlah jenis umum hiu, seperti Hiu banteng, Hiu martil, Hiu harimau, dan Hiu sirip hitam.

Anggota dari ordo ini dicirikan oleh adanya membran pengelip di atas mata, dua sirip punggung, sirip anal, dan lima celah insang.

Keluarga dalam rangka Carcharhiniformes diharapkan akan direvisi; recent DNA studi menunjukkan bahwa beberapa kelompok konvensional tidak monophyletic.

## Famili
Menurut FishBase, delapan famili dari ordo Carcharhiniformes adalah:
* Carcharhinidae (hiu requiem)
* Galeocerdonidae (hiu harimau beserta kerabatnya yang telah punah)
* Hemigaleidae (hiu kacang)
* Leptochariidae (Hiu anjing berduri)
* Proscylliidae (Hiu kucing bersirip punggung)
* Pseudotriakidae (Hiu kucing palsu)
* Scyliorhinidae (Hiu kucing)
* Sphyrnidae (hiu martil)
* Triakidae (Hiu anjing halus)

## Timeline dari genera


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  id:quaternary   value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.5)
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  id:holocene   value:rgb(0.999,0.95,0.88)

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 from: -199.6    till: -175.6    color:earlyjurassic    text:Early
 from: -175.6    till: -161.2    color:middlejurassic    text:Middle
 from: -161.2    till: -145.5    color:latejurassic    text:Late
 from: -145.5    till: -99.6    color:earlycretaceous    text:Early
 from: -99.6    till: -65.5    color:latecretaceous    text:Late
 from: -65.5   till:  -55.8    color:paleocene  text:Paleo.
 from: -55.8   till:  -33.9    color:eocene  text:Eo.
 from: -33.9   till:  -23.03    color:oligocene  text:Oligo.
 from: -23.03    till: -5.332    color:miocene    text:Mio.
 from: -5.332    till: -2.588    color:pliocene    text:Pl.
 from: -2.588    till: -0.0117   color:pleistocene    text:Pl.
 from: -0.0117    till: 0    color:holocene    text:H.

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 from: -199.6    till: -145.5    color:jurassic    text:Jurassic
 from: -145.5    till: -65.5   color:cretaceous    text:Cretaceous
 from: -65.5   till:  -23.03    color:paleogene  text:Paleogene
 from: -23.03    till: -2.588    color:neogene    text:Neogene
 from: -2.588    till: 0   color:quaternary    text:Q.

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 color:latejurassic bar:NAM1  from:-152.57    till:-150.8 text:Macrourogaleus
 color:earlycretaceous bar:NAM2 from:-103.7    till:0 text:Scyliorhinus
 color:latecretaceous bar:NAM3 from:-93.5    till:-89.3 text:Pterolamiops
 color:latecretaceous bar:NAM4  from:-93.5    till:-70.6 text:Paratriakis
 color:latecretaceous bar:NAM5 from:-84.27    till:-65.5 text:Pteroscyllium
 color:latecretaceous bar:NAM6  from:-83.5    till:-70.6 text:Archaeotriakis
 color:latecretaceous bar:NAM7 from:-83.5    till:-58.7 text:Palaeogaleus
 color:latecretaceous bar:NAM8 from:-74.9    till:-68.9 text:Squatigaleus
 color:paleocene bar:NAM9  from:-65.5    till:-33.9 text:Abdounia
 color:paleocene bar:NAM10 from:-65.5    till:0 text:Triakis
 color:paleocene bar:NAM11  from:-58.7    till:-15.97 text:Physogaleus
 color:eocene bar:NAM12  from:-55.8    till:-48.6 text:Pachygaleus
 color:eocene bar:NAM13 from:-55.8    till:-48.6 text:Premontreia
 color:eocene bar:NAM14 from:-55.8    till:-37.2 text:Eogaleus
 color:eocene bar:NAM15  from:-55.8    till:0 text:Carcharhinus
 color:eocene bar:NAM16 from:-55.8    till:0 text:Galeocerdo
 color:eocene bar:NAM17  from:-55.8    till:0 text:Hemipristis
 color:eocene bar:NAM18  from:-55.8    till:0 text:Isogomphodon
 color:eocene bar:NAM19 from:-55.8    till:-0.0117 text:Megascyliorhinus
 color:eocene bar:NAM20 from:-55.8    till:0 text:Mustelus
 color:eocene bar:NAM21 from:-55.8    till:0 text:Rhizoprionodon
 color:eocene bar:NAM22 from:-48.6    till:0 text:Negaprion
 color:miocene bar:NAM23 from:-23.03    till:0 text:Chaenogaleus
 color:miocene bar:NAM24 from:-23.03    till:0 text:Galeorhinus
 color:miocene bar:NAM25  from:-23.03    till:0 text:Paragaleus
 color:miocene bar:NAM26 from:-15.97    till:0 text:Sphyrna
 color:pliocene bar:NAM27 from:-5.332    till:0 text:Prionace

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 from: -161.2    till: -145.5    color:latejurassic    text:Late
 from: -145.5    till: -99.6    color:earlycretaceous    text:Early
 from: -99.6    till: -65.5    color:latecretaceous    text:Late
 from: -65.5   till:  -55.8    color:paleocene  text:Paleo.
 from: -55.8   till:  -33.9    color:eocene  text:Eo.
 from: -33.9   till:  -23.03    color:oligocene  text:Oligo.
 from: -23.03    till: -5.332    color:miocene    text:Mio.
 from: -5.332    till: -2.588    color:pliocene    text:Pl.
 from: -2.588    till: -0.0117   color:pleistocene    text:Pl.
 from: -0.0117    till: 0    color:holocene    text:H.

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 from: -65.5   till:  -23.03    color:paleogene  text:Paleogene
 from: -23.03    till: -2.588    color:neogene    text:Neogene
 from: -2.588    till: 0   color:quaternary    text:Q.


## Referensi

## Referensi lebih lanjut
* Froese, Rainer, dan Daniel Pauly, eds. (2013) Identifikasi Ikan: Hiu tanah di FishBase. Maret 2013 versi.
* 

## Pranala luar
* Ordo Carcharhiniformes