Orchis mascula

***Orchis mascula***, atau **anggrek ungu**, adalah salah satu spesies anggrek dalam genus *[[Orchis]]*.

## Etimologi
Nama spesifik spesies ini berasal dari bahasa Latin **, yang berarti jantan; hal ini bisa mengacu pada bentuk spesies ini yang tegak, atau bentuk dua umbinya yang menyerupai buah zakar.

## Subspesies
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *hispanica* (A.Niesch. & C.Niesch.) Soó (1972) (Southern Pyrenees, Spain, Portugal, Morocco)
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *longibracteatoides* Balayer (1986) (Eastern Pyrenees)
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *longicalcarata* Akhalkatski, H. Baumann, R. Lorenz, Mosulishvili &R. Peter (2005) (Eastern and central Caucasus)
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *maghrebiana* B. Baumann & H. Baumann (2005)(Morocco)
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *mascula* (N. & C. Europe to Iran, Canary Islands)
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *pinetorum* (Boiss. & Kotschy) E.G.Camus (1908) (Macedonia to Iran)
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *speciosa* (Mutel) Hegi (1909) (Europe)
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *wanjkovii* (E.Wulff) Soó in G.Keller & al. (1932) (Crimea)


Image: Orchis langei2.jpg | *Orchis mascula subsp. hispanica* - Spanyol, Navarre
Image:Orchis mascula pinetorum 1.jpg |*Orchis mascula subsp. pinetorum*
Image:Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa 030710a.jpg |*Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa* – Jerman, Allgäuer Alpen
Image:Orchis mascula Saarland 18.04.2011 - 046.jpg | *Orchis mascula* var. alba* – Jerman, Saarland
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== Sinonim ==

* *Orchidactyla kromayeri* ([[M.Schulze]]) [[Borsos]] & [[Soó]] 1966
* *Orchidactyla pentecostalis* ([[Wettst.]] & [[Sennholz]]) Borsos & Soó 1966
* *Orchidactyla speciosissima* (Wettst. & Sennholz) Borsos & Soó 1966
* *Orchis brevicornis* var. *fallax* [[De Not.]] 1844
* *Orchis cochleata* [[Fleischm.]] & [[M.Schulze]] 1902
* *Orchis compressiflora* [[Jonathan Stokes|Stokes]] 1812
* *Orchis fallax* (De Not.) [[Willk.]] in [[Willk.]] & [[J.M.C.Lange]] 1861
* *Orchis glaucophylla* [[A.Kern.]] 1864
* *Orchis kromayeri* [[M.Schulze]] 1904
* *Orchis mascula* f. *longifolia* [[Landwehr]] 1977
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *occidentalis* [[O.Schwarz]] 1949
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *signifera* ([[Vest]]) Soó 1927
* *Orchis mascula* subsp. *tenera* (Landwehr) [[Del Prete]] 1999
* *Orchis mascula* var. *acutiflora* [[W.D.J.Koch]] 1837
* *Orchis mascula* var. *bicolor* [[Balayer]] 1986
* *Orchis mascula* var. *fallax* [[E.G.Camus]] 1889
* *Orchis mascula* var. *hostii* [[Patze]], [[E.Mey.]] & [[Elkan]] 1848
* *Orchis mascula* var. *maritzii* [[J.A.Guim.]] 1887
* *Orchis mascula* var. *monsignatica* [[Font Quer]] 1928
* *Orchis mascula* var. *obtusiflora* [[W.D.J.Koch]] 1837
* *Orchis mascula* var. *speciosa* [[Mutel]] 1836
* *Orchis mascula* var. *tenera* [[Landwehr]] 1977
* *Orchis monsignatica* (Font Quer) [[Rivas Goday]] 1941
* *Orchis morio* f. *mascula* [[L.]] 1753
* *Orchis morio* var. *mascula* L. 1753 ([[basionym]])
* *Orchis obtusa* [[Schur]] 1866
* *Orchis obtusiflora* Schur 1853
* *Orchis olivetorum* [[Gren.]] ex [[Nyman]] 1882
* *Orchis ovalis* [[F.W.Schmidt]] 1791
* *Orchis parreissii* [[C.Presl]] 1845
* *Orchis patens* var. *fallax* ([[De Not.]]) [[Rchb.f.]] 1851
* *Orchis pentecostalis* [[Wettst.]] & [[Gustav Sennholz|Sennholz]] 1889
* *Orchis signifera* [[Vest]] 1824
* *Orchis speciosa* [[Host (binomial authority)|Host]] 1831
* *Orchis speciosissima* [[Wettst.]] & [[Sennholz]] 1889
* *Orchis stabiana* [[Tenore]] 1833
* *Orchis tenera* ([[Landwehr]]) Kreutz 1991
* *Orchis untchji* [[M.Schulze]] 1907
* *Orchis vernalis* [[Salisbury]] 1796
* *Orchis wanjkovii* [[E.Wulff]] 1930
* *Orchis wilmsii'' K.Richt. 1890

## Referensi

* Pierre Delforge - Orchids of Europe, North Africa And the Middle East - 2006, Timber Press
* Pignatti S. - Flora d'Italia (3 voll.) - Edagricole – 1982, Vol. III
* Tutin, T.G. et al. - Flora Europaea, second edition - 1993

## Pranala luar
* 
* Den virtuella floran - Distribution
* Orchis mascula