Dynamis

**Dynamis**, dijuluki **Philoromaios** (, *Dynamis, sahabat Roma*, skt. 67 SM – 8 M), merupakan seorang ratu klien Kerajaan Bosporos selama Republik Romawi Akhir dan bagian dari rezim Augustus, Kaisar Romawi pertama. Dynamis dalam bahasa Yunani kuno berarti “yang kuat”. Ia adalah seorang penguasa keturunan Iran dan Makedonia Yunani. Ia merupakan putri dari Raja Farnakes II dari Pontos dan istri Sarmatianya. Ia memiliki seorang kakanda bernama Darius dan seorang adik laki-laki bernama Arsakes. Kakek neneknya dari pihak ayahandanya adalah penguasa Kerajaan Pontos, Mithridates VI dari Pontos dan istri pertamanya Laodike, yang juga adalah saudarinya. Dynamis menikah tiga kali. Suami-suaminya adalah Asander, seorang pria bernama Scribonius dan Polemon I dari Pontos. Menurut Rostovtzeff, ia juga memiliki suami keempat yang bernama Aspurgos.

## Lihat pula
* Kerajaan Bosporos

## Catatan

## Referensi
; Sumber pertama
* Appian, *The Civil Wars*, Penguin Classics, 1996; 
* Cassius Dio, *Roman History*, vol. 5, Books 46-50 (Loeb Classical Library), Loeb, 1989; 
* Cassius Dio, *Roman History*, vol. 6, Books 51-55 (Loeb Classical Library), Loeb, 1989; 
* Strabo, *Geography*, vol. 5, Books 10-12 (Loeb Classical Library), Loeb, 1989; 
; Sumber kedua
* Braund, D., *Rome and the Friendly King: The Character of the Client Kingship*, Palgrave Macmillan, 1984; ; Kindle Edition, Routledge, 2014; ASIN: B00JKEYVK2
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* Gajdukevic, V., *Das bosporanische Reich*, Akademie-Vlg. in AG mit Hermann Böhlaus Nachf. Berlin/Köln, 1971; 
* Kersley, R. A., *Women and Public Life in Imperial Asia Minor*, in Tsetskhladze, G. R., (ed.), *Ancient West & East,* Vol 4, No.1, BRILL, 2010;  https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6Xh14u9WmnYC&pg=PA101&lpg=PA101&dq=coins+of+dynamis&source=bl&ots=jv4lByLbQi&sig=l0sLWhKeM8B3KoWffwbdETKmvr4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjDxpGajrjaAhWJCMAKHYSSB2w4ChDoAQgxMAE#v=onepage&q=coins%20of%20dynamis&f=false
* Macurdy, G., *Vassal - Queens and Some Contemporary Women in the Roman Empire*, Johns Hopkins Press, 1937; ASIN: B000WUFYY0
* Mayor, A., (2009), *The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy*, Princeton University Press. ASIN: B003V5WKPE
* Minns, E., H., (2011) Scythians and Greeks, A Survey of Ancient History and Archaeology on the North Coast of the Euxine from the Danube to the Caucasus, Cambridge Library Collection – Archaeology, Cambridge University Press; reissue edition, 2011 (original edition 1913);  https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ijJ4o2iorhkC&pg=PA592&lpg=PA592&dq=coins+of+dynamis&source=bl&ots=Pi4zhWPthh&sig=boA185wxgc2tBbH6EaJqSVAuNk0&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjBkaGpu7faAhUCLsAKHc7NCiUQ6AEIkAEwDQ#v=onepage&q=coins%20of%20dynamis&f=false
* Rose, C. B., *"Princes" and Barbarians on the Ara Pacis*, American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 94, No. 3 (July 1990), pp.&nbsp;453–467 https://powerimagepropaganda.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/rose-ara-pacis.pdf
* Rostovtzeff, M., *Queen Dynamis of Bosporus*, The Journal of Hellenic Studies, vol. 39 (1919), pp.&nbsp;88–109
* Smith, W., (ed.). *Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology*, articles on Asander http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DA%3Aentry+group%3D48%3Aentry%3Dasander-bio-1, Pharnaces II http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D19%3Aentry%3Dpharnaces-ii-bio-6, Polemon I http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DP%3Aentry+group%3D34%3Aentry%3Dpolemon-i-bio-7; Scribonius http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0104%3Aalphabetic+letter%3DS%3Aentry+group%3D9%3Aentry%3Dscribonius-bio-1
* Sullivan, R.D., *Dynasts in Pontus*, ANRW II 7.2 (1980) pp.&nbsp;919–20;
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## Pranala luar
* A picture of a Bronze Bust of Dynamis on page 90 from the ''Encyclopedia of women in the ancient world''. In this picture Dynamis, is wearing a Royal Persian Headdress called the *Tiara Orthe*, covered with stars. In Dynamis’ portrait, she may have imitated one of Livia’s hairstyles.
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