Marsupiales

**Marsupiales** (*Marsupialia*) forma un del tres subdivisiones existente del mammiferos; le altere duo son monotremas e  placentarios. Le marsupiales se distingue de altere mammiferos principalmente in que le progenitura, un "larva marsupial" multo pauc disveloppate, se displacia post parto ad mammelas ubi illo es generalmente portate e protegite in un marsupio (marsupial bursa) usque su maturitate.

Marsupiales actual include opossumes, diablos de Tasmania, kangurus, koalas, wombates, wallabies e pandikokkus inter alteres; multe extincte species son cognoscite, como thylacino.

Circa 70% del 334 species actual vive in le Australian continente (includente Tasmania, Nove Guinea e insulas proxime). Alteres species vive in America: principalmente in Sud America, 13 in Central America e un, le opossum de Virginia, in Nord America e nord de Mexico.

## Etymologia
*Marsupial* deriva del parola latin *marsupium*, del ancian grec  *mársippos* 'bursa', utilisate in anatomia pro describer lor ventral bursa.

## Classification

### Rango taxinomic
* infraclass
* cohorte

### Supertaxones
* Metatheria

### Subtaxones
* Order Didelphimorphia (93 species) – see list of didelphimorphs
** Family Didelphidae: opossums
* Order Paucituberculata (7 species)
** Family Caenolestidae: musaranea opossumes
* Superorder Australidelphia
** Order Microbiotheria: monitos del monte
** Order Yalkaparidontia † (*incertae sedis*)
** Order Dasyuromorphia (73 species)
*** Family †Thylacinidae: thylacine
*** Family Dasyuridae: antechinuses, quolls, dunnarts, Tasmanian devil e relatives
*** Family Myrmecobiidae: numbat
** Order Notoryctemorphia (2 species)
*** Family Notoryctidae: marsupial talpas
** Order Peramelemorphia (27 species)
*** Family Thylacomyidae: bilbies
*** Family Chaeropodidae †
*** Family Peramelidae: pandikokkus e relatives
** Order Diprotodontia (136 species)
*** Suborder Vombatiformes
**** Family Vombatidae: wombates
**** Family Phascolarctidae: koalas
**** Family Diprotodontidae †: giant wombats
**** Family Palorchestidae †: marsupial tapirs
**** Family Thylacoleonidae †: marsupial lions
*** Suborder Phalangeriformes:
**** Family Acrobatidae: feathertail glider e feather-tailed possum
**** Family Burramyidae: pygmeo possumes
**** Family Ektopodontidae †: sprite possumes
**** Family Petauridae: striped possum, Leadbeater's possum, yellow-bellied glider, sugar glider, mahogany glider, squirrel glider
**** Family Phalangeridae: brushtail possums e cuscuses
**** Family Pseudocheiridae: ringtailed possums e relatives
**** Family Tarsipedidae: honey possum
*** Suborder Macropodiformes:
**** Family Macropodidae: kangaroos, wallabies e relatives
**** Family Potoroidae: potoroos, ratto kangurus, bettonges
**** Family Hypsiprymnodontidae: ratto kangurus
**** Family Balbaridae †: basal quadrupede kangurus

## Historia evolutive
Le ultime ancestre commun al insimile del mammiferos actual serea apparite 180 Ma retro. Illo poneva ovos. Therios, le pangruppo del marsupiales e placentarios haberea divergite 160 Ma retro. Depois, le corona gruppos del marsupiales et del placentarios (i.e. les clados Marsupiala e Placentalia, respectivemente) serea apparite verisimilemente durante le Cretaceo tardive, ante le extinction del dinosauros non-avee, ma lor expansion esseva multo importante postea, le placia essente libre.

Se pensa communmente que le modo de reproduction del marsupiales serea intermedie inter istos del monotremas e del placentarios. Es false: le duo modos de reproduction son simplemente differente. De plus, un studio de 2023 considera que le Marsupiales son morphologicamente plus distante que le placentarios de lor ancestre commun.