Nigeria

**Nigeria**, jiske sarkari naam **Federal Republic of Nigeria** hae, west Africa ke ek des hae. Iske north me Sahel ilaaka hae aur south e Gulf of Guinea hae. Iske area 923,769 square kilometres (356,669square miles) hae. Ii Africa ke sab se jaada abaadi waala des hae, aur dunia ke 6th sab se jaada abaadi waala des hae. Nigeria ke north me Niger, northeast me Chad, east me Cameroon aur west me Benin hae. Nigeria ek federal republic hae, jisme 36 state aur  ek Federal Capital Territory hae jisme ke capital Abuja hae. Nigeria ke sab se barraa city Lagos hae jiske metropolitan ilaaka Africa ke sab se barraa hae.

2000 BC se Nigeria me dher states aur kingdoms rahaa aur 15th century ke Nok civilization des ke unify karis rahaa. British colonisation ke baas Southern Nigeria Protectorate aur Northern Nigeria Protectorate banaawa gais rahaa jon 1914 me jorr ke Nigeria banaa.Britain ke raj me des ke traditional chiefs se control karaa jaawat rahaa. Nigeria 1 October 1960 me azaa bhais lenin 1967 se 1970 talak hian pe civil war bhais. Iske baad dher military dictator log hian pe raj karin, 1999 ke presidential election talak.

Nigeria ek multinational stste hae, jiske matlab hae ki hian 250 ethnic group hae jon 500 bhasa me baat kare hae aur dher culture hae. Tiin sab se barraa ethnic group hae Hausa, des ke north me, Yoruba des ke west me aur Igbo des ke east me, aur ii tiino ke milare ke des ke 60% abaadi hae. Des ke sarkari bhasa English hae. Des ke constitution ke niche hian pe koi bhi dharam ke practice kare ke ajaadi hae aur hian pe dunia ke ek sab se jaada Muslim aur Christian population hae. Nigeria ke north me Muslims hae aur south me Cristians hae aur kuch log indegenous dharam ke bhi maane hae.

Nigeria ke Africa me ek regional power, aur dunia me ek middle power maana jaae hae. Nigeria ke economy Africa me 4th sab se barraa hae aur dunia me 27th sab se barraa hae, Iske barraa abaadi aur economy ke kaaran iske  Africa ke Giant maana jaae hae. Nigeria African Union ke founding member hae aur dher international organisation ke member hae, jaise ki United Nations, Commonwealth of Nations, Non-Aligned Movement]], Economic Community of West African States, [Organisation of Islamic Cooperation aur [OPEC.

Nigeria ke naam Niger River se aae hae jon des me se jaae hae. Ii naam ke 8 January 1897 me ek British journalist banais rahaa. II naam ke Tuareg logan uulog ke saait diin hae kaahe ki jon naddi ke biich waala ilaaka me rahat rahin ke *egerew <u>n-iger</u>ewen* bola jaat rahaa.

1500s se 1800s talak, Nigeria ke dher log ke slaves banae ke Americas lae jaawa gais rahaa. 1901 se 1960 talak, United Kingdom Nigeria pe raaj karis. 1960 me ii des ajaad bhaes lekin kuch din talak iske dictator logan control karat rahin. 1999 me Nigeria democracy hoe gais aur Olusegun Obasanjo ek Yoruba ke Christian President banaa. 2007 me Umaru Yar'Adua ek Hausa ke Muslim, President banaa.

Nigeria me equal number ke Muslims aur Christians hae . Christians log jaada kar ke live south, aur Muslim log north me rahe hae.

Nigeria dher tel produce kare hae.

Nigeria me duuno grasslands aaur rainforests hae lekin hian pe bahut garam rahe hae, kahe ki ii Equator ke bahut nachdik hae.

## Chapa ke gallery

File:Queen Mother Pendant Mask- Iyoba MET DP231460.jpg|Royal Bini mask
File:Ancient Benin city.JPG|Purana Benin city
File:Nigerian troops with US C130.jpg|Nigerian troops, part of the embarking on a US Aircraft
File:OAU Palm farm.jpg|Obafemi Awolowo University Palm farm, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
File:Bevölkerungsdichte Nigerischer Bundesstaaten english.PNG|Population density in Nigeria
File:Nigeria Benin Cameroon languages.png|Linguistic map of Nigeria, Cameroon, and Benin
File:Things Fall Apart books 02.jpg|*[[Things Fall Apart]]* by Chinua Achebe is Nigeria's most popular and best selling literary piece ever
File:AbujaNationalMosque.jpg|Abuja National Mosque
File:Christ_Apostolic_Church,_Hackney.jpg|A Nigerian Church in London
File:Nigerian vs Ghana football.jpg|Nigerian fans at a football match between Nigeria and Cote d'Ivoire
File:Nigeria students.jpg|Children at school in Ile-Ife, Nigeria


## References
* CIA website