Tanzania

**Tanzania**, Africa me ek des hae jiske official bhasa Kiswahili aur English hae. Ii Africa ke sab se barraa talao, Lake Victoria, ke bagal me hae.

1997 me 29,646,752 log Tanzania me rahat rahin. Ii logan 120 tribes ke hae; aur koi tribe me 10% se jaada population nai hae. Tanzania ek multicultural society hae jisme dher culture ke log rahe hae. Tanzania me dher dharam hae jisme se khaas hae Christianity aur Islam.

Tanzania ke sab se bhaarii export machhri hae, jiske roj Europe aurAmerica bheja jaawe hae. Tanzania ke jaada log kheti me kaam kare hae aur coffee, cotton, sisal, tea, tobacco, aur cashew nuts paida kare hae.

United Republic of Tanzania ke President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete hae. Tanzania, United Nations, UNIDO, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the Commonwealth of Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, SADC, PTA, aur the ADB ke member hae. Ii Lome Convention ke bhi sign karis hae.

Mainland Tanzania (jike pahile Tanganyika ke naam se jaana jawat rahaa) December 1961 me ajaad bhaes, jab ki Zanzibar January 1964 me ajaadi ek revolutionse paais. April 1964 me ii duuno des ek hoe ke United Republic of Tanzania banais . July 1992 talak, Tanzania ek-party state rahaa. Ek Presidential Commission ke baad, ii des multi-party political system suruu karis aur 1995 aur 200 me hian pe election bhaes rahaa.

## Naam
Tanzania ke naam dui des ke naam jisse ii jorr ke banaa hae kae naam ke jorr ke banaawa gais hae  : Tanganyika aur Zanzibar. Jab Zanzibar aur Tanganyika ek howat rahin tab, national newspaper *The Standard* ek nawaa naam ke khaatir ek contest ke run karis rahaa, jiske jiite waala  Mohammed Iqbal Dar rahaa. Iqbal ii batais ki uu nawaa naam ke banae ke khaatir   "Tan" aur "zan" ke uniting states me se liis hae, "i" uske aapan naam se, aur  "a"  Ahmadiyya ke reference kare hae.

Tanganyika naam Swahili ke sabd *tanga* "sail" aur *nyika* "uninhabited plain, wilderness" se aais hae, jisse phrase "sail in the wilderness" bane hae. Kabhi-kabhi ii sanjhaa jaawe hae ki ii Lake Tanganyika ke reference kare hae.

Zanzibar ke naam *[[Zanj]]* se aawe hae, jon huan ke local lig ke naam hae, aur Arbii *barr* "coast" nai to "shore" se aais hae. Zanj ,  Al-Zanjia , East African coast ke Arbii naam hae, jon Azania, Greek naam (possibly derived from a Sabaic name) se related hae wahii coast ke khaatir, jiske *[[Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]]*, ek book jiske first-century CE me likha gais rahaa,  me mentioned hae. Azania ke describe karaa gais hae ki ii   Mapharitis - ek jaati ke log jon uu time, abhi ke southwest Yemen me rahat rahin, raaj karat rahaa.

## Itihaas

### Puraana
Tanzania, dunia ke uu sab  jagha me se ek hae jon sab din se rahe waala jagha me sab se puraana hae.  Olduvai Gorge, jon Ngorongoro Conservation Area me hae, ek UNESCO World Heritage Site, jisme ek collection hae jisme  Aujaar ke remnants hae jon development and use of transitional technology ke document kare hae.

Eastern Africa ke aadiwaasi log ke linguistically isolated Hadza aur Sandawe hunter-gatherers Tanzania ke socha jaawe hae.

Migration ke pahila wave  Southern Cushitic bhasa me baat kare waala log ke rahaa jon   Ethiopia aurSomalia se south Tanzania me gay rahin. Ii log Iraqw, Gorowa, aur Burunge ke ancestors rahin. Bhasa ke sabuut se ii jaana jaawe hae ki, Tanzania me Eastern Cushitic log ke dui migration rahaa lagbhag  4,000 aur 2,000 saal pahile, jon Lake Turkana ke north se originate bhais rahaa.