Geoffrey Chaucer

**Geoffrey Chaucer** (c. 1343 – 25 October 1400) ek English writer, poet, aur philosopher rahaa. Uu ek famour book, *Canterbury Tales*, likhis rahaa.

Chaucer, London me paida bhaes rahaa. Uske pitaji aur aaja London me wine bechat rahaa. French bhasa me uske naam ke matlab  "shoemaker" hae. Chaucer ek noblewoman ke page banaa. 1360 me , Hundred Years War ke time uske French log prisoner banae liis rahaa lekin ek ransom de ke baad uske chhorr dewa gais rahaa. 

Chaucer ke saadi Phillipa (de) Roet se bhaes rahaa, jon ki rani ke lady-in-waiting  

## Jindagi
### Suruu

Geoffrey Chaucer ke janam London me bhais rahaa, most likely in the early 1340s me (kuchh log aur uske monument ii batawe hae ki uu 1343 me paida bhais rahaa), lekin iske aslii jagha aur tarik ke baare me sure nai hae. Uske par-aaja, His great-grandfather Andrew de Chaucer ek tavern keeper rahaa, uske aaja,   Robert Malyn le Chaucer purveyor of wines ke kaam karat rahaa, aur uske pitaji, John Chaucer, ek khaas wine merchant ban gais rahaa aur raja log ke  bejat rahaa.  Geoffrey Chaucer ke puraana jamaana ke plwaar wine ke business me rahin.   and merchants in Ipswich. Uske surname,  French *chaucier* se aais hae, jiske matlab pahile socha jaawat rahaa ki    'shoemaker' rahaa, lekin abhi jaannaa jaawe hae ki  chausses (leggings) banaawe waala hae.

1324 me uske aage ke pitaji, John Chaucer, ke au aunty apharan kar liis rahaa aapn 12 saal ke larrki se saadi karwae ke khaatir, jisse Ipswich palwaar ke property palwaare me rahe.  Ii aunty ke  jahel kar dewa gais rahaa aur  £250 fine dewa gais rahaa, jisse ii jaana jaawe hae ki uske palwaar dhani rahaa. 

John Chaucer, Agnes Copton ke saathe saadi karis rahaa, jon  1349 me property inherit karis rahaa, jisme London me 24 dukaan rahaa, uske uncle Hamo de Copton se, jiske ek will will dated 3&nbsp;April 1354 me describe karaa gais hae aur jiske  City Hustings Roll  'moneyer' ke naam se listed hae, jiske matab hae ki uske Tower of London me kaam rahaa. City Hustings Roll 110, 5, Ric II, dated June 1380 me, Chaucer apne ke *me Galfridum Chaucer, filium Johannis Chaucer, Vinetarii, Londonie*, Latin for: "I, Geoffrey Chaucer, son of the vintner John Chaucer, London" ke naam diis hae.

### Kaam

jab ki Chaucer ke jamaana ke log ,William Langland aur Gawain Poet ke baare me kushh likha chij nai hae,  Chaucer ek public servant rahaa jiske  official life ke achchhaa se documented karaa gais rahaa. Lagbhag 500 likha gais chij uske kaam ke baare me batae hae. Pahila 'Chaucer Life Records'  1357 me aais rahaa  Elizabeth de Burgh, the Countess of Ulster ke ghar ke records me, jab uu ek noblewoman ke page banaa rahaa aapan pitaji ke connection ke kaaaran, ek samaan  medieval ke jamaana ke larrka log ke khaatir  apprenticeship  knighthood  ke khaatir , nai to ek achchhaa appointment. De Burgh ke saadi Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, the second surviving son of Edward III; this position brought the teenage Chaucer into the close court circle, where he was to remain for the rest of his life. He was also employed as a courtier, a diplomat and a civil servant, as well as working for the king from 1389 to 1391 as Clerk of the King's Works.

1359 me,  Hundred Years' War ke suruu waala saal me, Edward  France ke invade karis rahaa. Chaucer, Lionel of Antwerp, Elizabeth ke admii ke saathe travel karis rahaa,  English army ke ek hissa me. 1360 me uske siege of Reims ke time bandi bane lewa gais rahaa. Des ke raja uske rihai ke khaatir  £16 ransom bharis rahaa, aur Chaucer ke chhorr dewa gais rahaa.

Chaucer ke jindagi uncertain rahaa ii time ke baad. Lekin aise janaawe hae ki uu  France, Spain aur Flanders gais rahaa, saait ek duut ke ruup me aur saait  Way of Saint James pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela gais rahaa. 

Lagbhag 1366 me Chaucer, Philippa (de) Roet se saadi karis rahaa. Uu  Edward III ke raani ke lady-in-waiting rahii, Philippa of Hainault, aur  Katherine Swynford ke bahini, jon baad me ()  John of Gaunt ke tiisra aurat banis rahaa. Ii nai jaana jaawe hae ki Chaucer aur Philippa ke ketnaa larrkan rahin, lekin jaada log ii biswas kare hae ki tiin nai to chaar rahaa. Uske larrka, Thomas Chaucer, ke ek achchhaa career rahaa as chief butler chaar raja log ke khaatir, France ke rajduut, aur Speaker of the House of Commons. Thomas ke larrki, Alice, Duke of Suffolk se saadi kre rahii. Thomas ke par-potaan (Geoffrey ke great-great-grandson), John de la Pole, Earl of Lincoln,  Richard III ke heir rahaa, usje depose hoe se pahile.  Geoffrey ke duusra larrkan, jisme  Elizabeth Chaucy rahaa, ek nun Barking Abbey me rahii, Agnes,  Henry IV ke coronation me attendant rahii; aur ek aur larrka, Lewis Chaucer rahaa. Chaucer ke "Treatise on the Astrolabe" uske khaatir likha gais rahaa.

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