open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Easter Island

**Easter Island**, southeastern Pacific Ocean me Chile ke ek  special territory hae aur Oceania me  Polynesian Triangle ke souteastmost point hae. Ii island ke iske lagbhag 1,000 extant monumental murti, jiske *[[moai]]* bola jaae hae, jiske Rapa Nui log banae rahin, khaatir jaana jaae hae. 1995 me, UNESCO, Easter Island ke World Heritage Site banais, jisse island ke jaada hissa ke  protect karaa gais rahaa.

Experts ii baat pe nai agree kare hae ki ii island ke Polynesian log kaise ii island me aae rahin. Jab ki sher researchers ii biswas kare hae ki ii log 800 ke saal me me aae rahin, lekin 2007 me ek study ii sabuut diis ki ii log 1200 ke nagiich aae rahin. ii island ke log ek thriving aur industrious sankriti ke banae rahin, jiske sabuut hae ii island ke dher barraa-barra, aur patthar ke banaawa gais  *moai* aur duusra chij. Lekin perr ke kaare aurPolynesian rat  ke introduction ke kaaran des barbaad hoe lagaa. 1722 me jab European log hian ae ke suruu karin, tab ii island ke abaadi ke   2,000 aur 3,000 ke biich me anumaan lagaawa gais rahaa. European diseases, 1860s me Peruvian slave raiding expeditions, aur duusra island, jaise Tahiti ke emigration ke kaaran island ke abaadi 1877 me khaali 111 rahaa.

1888 me Chile,  Easter Island ke aapan niche kar liis. 1966 me Rapa Nui ke log ke Chilean citizenship dewa gais rahaa. 2007, ii island ke  "special territory"  ke status dewa gais rahaa . Administratively, it  Valparaíso Region ke niche hae. 2017 ke Chilean census me island ke abaadi 7,750 log rahaa, jisme se 3,512 (45%)  Rapa Nui rahin.

Easter Island dunia ke ek sab se duur waala island hae jisme log rahe hae.  Iske sab se nagiich ke jagha jahaan pe log rahe hae,  Pitcairn Island hae, jon  duur hae; sab se nagiich ke town jiske abaadi 500 se jaada hae,  Rikitea hae, jin Mangareva island me hae,  duur; sab se nagiich ke continental point central Chile me hae,  duur.
Galápagos Islands

**Galápagos Islands**, eastern Pacific Ocean ke ek  volcanic islands  ke archipelago hae , jon equator pe hae,   South America ke west me. Ii sab island South America ke Galápagos Province hae, jiske abaadi  33,000 (2020) se kuchh jaada hae. Ii province ke cantons me baata gais hae, jon hae;  San Cristóbal, Santa Cruz, aur Isabela, jon ii province ke sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae.  Galápagos uu jaanwar khaatid mashuur hae jiske dunia me aur koi jagha nai paawa jaae hae, jiske 1830s me   Charles Darwin adhyan kar ke theory of evolution ke inspire karis. Ii sab island ke  Ecuador ke Galápagos National Park aur Marine Reserve protect kare hae.

Abhi talak koi sabuut nai hae ki Polynesian log, nai to  South America ke natives ii islands me aae rahin jabtak 1535 me iske by accident  Bishop Tomás de Berlanga paais rahaa. Agar koi settlers pahile aae bhi rahaa hoe, piye waala paani ke kami ke kaaran hain pe settlement bahut hard rahaa.   Spanish Empire bhi ii island me koi interest nai liis, lekin kuch pirate logan ii islands ke base banae ke Spain ke shipping ke raid karat rahin. Hian pe introduce karaa gais bakrri, aur chuuhaa ke kaaran, island ke ecosystem ke kuchh island  pe barbaadi bhais hae.   British sailors jaada kar ke ii jagha ke explore kar ke map banae rahin. Jab Darwin ii island pe aais eahaa tab uu ek British expedition ke hissa rahaa, jon  South America ke coast ke explore karaat rahaa. Ecuador, jon Spain se independent hoe gais rahaa  12 February 1832 me ii island ke claim kar ke occupy kar liss rahaa, dhire dhire island ke English naam ke badal ke Spanish naam diis. United States ii island me e1930s me ek military base banais rahaa, Panama Canal ke protect kare ke khaatir. World War II ke baad ii base Ecuador ke de dewa gais rahaa. Tourism ke kaara ii island ke airport ke  2010s me mordenise karaa gais rahaa, jisme recycled materials ke kaam me laawa gais rahaa aur renewable energy ke kaam me laae ke hian ke 300,000 visitors ke serve karaa jaae hae.
Malay Archipelago

**Malay Archipelago**, mainland Southeast Asia aur Australia ke biich ke  archipelago hae, jiske **Insulindia** nai to **Indo-Australian Archipelago** bhi bolaa jaae hae. Ii naam 19th-century ke Europe ke log ke  Malay race ke concept pe aadhaarit rahaa, baad me iske  Austronesian bhasa ke distribution pe aadhaarit karaa gais rahaa. Iske "Malay world," "Nusantara" aur "East Indies" bhi bola gais hae. Ii naam ke Indonesia me nai pasand karaa jaae hae, kaaheki ii jaati pe based hae aur isse  colonialism ke yaad dewa jaae hae aur ii des ke dher sankriti ke  overshadow kare hae.

Ii Indian aur Pacific ocean ke biich me hae. Ii archipelago me 25,000 se jaada island hae aur agar area se dekha jaae tab ii dunia ke sab se barraa   archipelago hae and aur jab  number of islands ke dekhaa jaae tab ii dunia ke 5th sab se barraa hae. Isme Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, Malaysia (specifically East Malaysia), Papua New Guinea, aur Philippines hae. Iske  Maritime Southeast Asia bhi bola jaae hae.
Tierra del Fuego

**Tierra del Fuego** (, ; jon "**Land of Fire**" ke Spanish bhasa ke anuwaad hae, South America ke southern tip ke lage ke island hae, jon Strait of Magellan se South America se separated hae. 

Ii archipelago ke khaas island, Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego hae, jiske area  hae, ke saathe aur dher chhotaa-chhotaa island hae, jisme Cape Horn aur Diego Ramírez Islands hae.  Tierra del Fuego archipelago ke lagbhag two-thirds western hissa,  jisme dher islands bji hae, Chile ke hissa hae, aur eastern part Argentina ke hissa hae. Ii archipelago ke south ke hissa, Cape Horn,  latitude 56°S ke kuchh north me hae.

Tierra del Fuego me insaan 8,000 BC se rahe hae. European ke lig sab se pahile ii islands ke explore kare rahin 1520 me jab Ferdinand Magellan hian se sail karis rahaa. *Tierra del Fuego* ("Land of Fire") aur similiar naam ii kaaran se bola jaae hae kaaheki hian ke log aagi baarat rahin , apne ke garam kare ke khaatir, nai to signal kare ke khaatir.

European descent ke log ke hian pe settlement nineteenth century ke duura bhaag me suruu bhais rahaa jab sheep farmoing  aur sonaa ke boom rahaa. Aaj-kal, petroleum extraction economic activity ke north Tierra del Fuego me dominate kare hae, jab tourism, manufacturing, aur Antarctic logistics  south me important hae.
Marajó

**Marajó** () ek barraa coastal island hae state of Pará, Brazil me. Ii Marajó Archipelago ke khaas aur sab se barraa island hae.  Marajó Island  mainland se Marajó Bay, Pará River, smaller rivers (especially Macacos and Tajapuru), Companhia River, Jacaré Grande River, Vieira Grande Bay aur Atlantic Ocean se separated hae.

Lagbhag 400 BC se 1600 AD talak, Marajó waala jagha ek advanced  Pre-Columbian log, jiske Marajoara culture bola jaae hae, ke site rahaa. Ii log ke abaadi  100,000 log se jaada rahaa. Aaj, ii island iske barraa-barra water buffalo ke abaadi ke khaatir jaana jaae hae, aur   *[[pororoca]]* tidal bore periodically exhibited by high tides overcoming the usual complex hydrodynamic interactions in the surrounding rivers. Ii South America ke duusra sab se barra island hae, aur dunia ke 35th sab se barraa island hae.  

Oske land area   hae, jon Switzerland ke baraabar hae. Ii  lambaa aur  chaurraa hae.
Mindanao

**Mindanao** (), Philippines ke duusra sab se barraa island hae, Luzon ke baad, aur dunia ke sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae. Ii Philippines ke southern hissa me hae, aur ek wahii naam waala island group ke hissa hae, jisme  Sulu Archipelago bhi hae. 2020 ke census ke anusaar, Mindanao ke abaadi 26,252,442 hae, jab puura island group ke abaadi  27,021,036 hae.

Mindanao ke chhe administrative regions me baata gais hae: Zamboanga Peninsula, Northern Mindanao,  Caraga region,  Davao region, Soccsksargen, aur autonomous region of Bangsamoro. 2020 census ke anusaar Davao City, ii island ke sab se jaada abaadi waala city hae jisme   1,776,949 log rahe hae, iske baad hae Zamboanga City (pop. 977,234), Cagayan de Oro (pop. 728,402), General Santos (pop. 697,315), Butuan (pop. 372,910), Iligan (pop. 363,115) and Cotabato City (pop. 325,079). Lagbhag 70% hian ke log apne ke   Christian aur 24%  Muslim batae hae. Mindanao ke Philippines ke  Bread Basket maana jaae hae.
Jaya Bachchan

**Jaya Bachchan** Hindi philmain vah ek abhinetree hai. vah vartamaan mein 2004 se chaar baar samaajavaadee paartee se raajyasabha ke saansad hain. 1992 mein unhen bhaarat sarakaar dvaara padmashree se sammaanit kiya gaya tha.
1783

**1783** ek saadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki mangar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 7 September - **[[Leonhard Euler]]**, Switzerland ke mathematician, ke maut St Petersburg, Russia me bhais rahaa.

## References
1768

**1768** ek leap saal rahaa, jon ki suk ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 21 March - **[[Joseph Fourier]]**, France ke mathematician aur physicist ke janam Yonne, France me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

* 19 April - **[[Canaletto]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke maut Venice me bhais rahaa.

## References
1777

**1777** ke saal ek sadharan saal rahaa, jon ki budg ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 30 April - **[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]**, German mathematician ke janam Holy Roman Empire me bhais rahaa.

## Maut
## References
Luzon

**Luzon** ( , ), Philippines ke sab se barraa aur sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae. Ii Philippine archipelago ke northern hissa me hae, aur des ke economic aur political center hae. Isme des ke capital city, Manila, aur Quezon City, des ke sab se jaada abaadi waala city hae. Luzon ke abaadi 64 million hae , jiske matlab hae ki isme des ke  52.5%  log rahe hae. Ii dunia ke 4th sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae. Agar aarea ke dekha jaae tab ii dunia ke 15th sab se barraa island hae. 

*Luzon* naam ke des ke tiin khaas island groups ke bhi dewa jaae hae. Isme   Luzon Mainland,  Batanes aur Babuyan groups of islands north me, Polillo Islands east me, aur duur ke islands Catanduanes, Marinduque aur Mindoro, south me. Masbate, Palawan aur Romblon islands bhi isme hae, lekin ii tiin ke kabhi-kabhi duusra island group, Visayas me rakkha jaae hae.
Maluku Islands

**Maluku Islands** ( ; Indonesian: *Kepulauan Maluku*) or the **Moluccas** ( ; Dutch: *Molukken*), Indonesia ke  eastern hissa ke ek archipelago hae. Tectonically ii islands Molucca Sea Collision Zone ke Halmahera Plate pe hae. Geographically ii West Melanesia me hae.  Moluccas ke uu jagha bataawa jaae hae jahaan pe  Asia aur Oceania geography aur sankriti ke anusaar mile hae.

Ii islands ke **Spice Islands** bola jaawat rahaa, kaaheki hian pe  nutmeg, mace, aur cloves mile hae, jiske kaaran  Europe ke log ii jagha ke 16th century se colonise kare lagin.

Indonesia ke independence ke baad se 199 talak, Maluku Islands ek province rahaa, lekin iske baad iske dui hissa me baat dewa gais;  North Maluku, me  Morotai aur Sula ke biich ke jagha rahaa, aur the jon islands  Buru se Seram se Wetar rahaa   Maluku Province me rahe gais. North Maluku jaada kar ke Muslim hae, aur iske capital, Sofifi Halmahera island me hae. Maluku province me jaada Christian log rahe hae, aur iske capital Ambon hae. Pahile ii jagha ke sab log Melanesian rahin, lekin dher island ke log ke, khaas kae ke  Banda Islands me, ke 17th century me Dutch–Portuguese War, jiske Spice War ke naam se bhi jaana jaae hae, ke time maar dewa gais rahaa. 20th century se dher migrant log, khaas kar ke Java se aae ke hian pe rahe lagin, jiske kaaran native log aur migranys ke biich ke tanao kharra bhais.
1736

**1736** (MDCCXXXVI), ek sadhaaran rahaa jon  sanichar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. Ii Julian calendar ke 1736th,  2nd millennium ke 736th aur 18th century ke 36th saal rahaa,  aur  1730s dassak ke 7th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1791-1792, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1656-1657, Kali Yuga ke 4835-4836, Buddhist calendar ke 2279, Islamic calendar ke 1147-1148, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 267 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 19 January - **[[James Watt]]**, Scottish mathematician aur engineer ke janam bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## References
1819

**1819**, sadhaaran saal rahaa jon suk ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 19 August - **[[James Watt]]**, Scottish mathematician aur engineer ke maut bhais rahaa.

## References
1646

**1646** (MDCXLVI) ek leap sadhaaran rahaa, jon sombaar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 646th aur 17th century 46th saal rahaa,  aur  1640s dassak ke 7th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1702-1703, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1567-1568, Kali Yuga ke 4746-4747, Buddhist calendar ke 2190, Islamic calendar ke 1055-1056, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 178 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

*  1 July - **[[Gottfried Leibniz]]**, ek German mathematician rahaa jiske janam Leipzig, Saxony me bhais rahaa 

## Maut

## References
1716

**1716** ek leap saal rahaa jon  budh ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

*  14 November - **[[Gottfried Leibniz]]**, ek German mathematician rahaa jiske maut Hanover me bhais rahaa 

## References
Sunda Islands

**Sunda Islands** ( Tetun: *Illa Sunda*), Indonesian Archipelago ke island ke ek group hae. Iske dui hissa hae:  Greater Sunda Islands aur Lesser Sunda Islands.

## Islands ke suchi
* Greater Sunda Islands
** Borneo
** Java
** Sulawesi
** Sumatra

* Lesser Sunda Islands (from west to east)
** Bali
** Lombok
** Sumbawa
** Sumba
** Komodo
** Flores
** Savu
** Rote
** Timor
** Alor Archipelago
** Atauro
** Barat Daya Islands
** Tanimbar Islands
Borneo

**Borneo** (), dunia ke tiisra sab se barraa island hae.  Iske area  aur, abaadi 23,053,723 (2020 national censuses) hae. Ii Maritime Southeast Asia ke grographical centre me hae, aur Greater Sunda Islands ke ek island hae. Borneo, Java ke north, Sulawesi ke west, aur Sumatra ke east me hae. Ii island ke biich me se equator cross kare hae. 

Borneo tiin des me baata gais hae;  Brunei, island ke north me hae aur island ke 1% area hae. Lagbhag 73% of Borneo, Indonesia ke territory hae, aur north me East Malaysian states,  Sabah aur Sarawakhae, jon island ke 26% area hae. Borneo ke coast se kuchh duur Malaysia ke federal territory Labuan island hae.
Sulawesi

**Sulawesi** ( ), jiske **Celebes** ( ), ke naam se bhi jaana jaae hae, Indonesia ke ek island hae. Ii Greater Sunda Islands ke chaar islands me se ek hae, aur dunia ke 11th sab se barraa island hae. Ii  Borneo ke east, Maluku Islands ke west, aur Mindanao aur Sulu Archipelago ke south me hae. Indonesia me, khaali Sumatra, Borneo, aur Papua isse area me barra hae , aur khaali Java aur Sumatra ke abaadi isse jaada hae

Sulawesi includes me chaar peninsula hae: northern Minahasa Peninsula,  East Peninsula,  South Peninsula, aur Southeast Peninsula. Tiin gulfs ii peninsulas ke separate kare hae: Gulf of Tomini  northern Minahasa aurEast peninsulas ke biich me,  Tolo Gulf  East aur Southeast peninsulas ke biich me, aur Bone Gulf South aur Southeast peninsulas ke biich me. Strait of Makassar ii island ke western side me hae aur   island  ke Borneo se separate kare hae.
Sinhalese films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film ke naam hae jon ki Sinhalese me banaawa gais hae.

## 2011
* Flying Fish, Director - Sanjeewa Pushpakumara, Khaas actors - Kaushalya Fernando, Rathnayaka Marasinghe, Chaminda Sampath Jayaweera, Gayesha Perera
Sumatra

**Sumatra** () western Indonesia ke Sunda Islands ke ek island hae. Ii sab se barraa island hae jon puura Indonesia ke territory hae, aur dunia ke 6th sab se barraa island hae , jiske area 482,286.55&nbsp;km2 (182,812&nbsp;mi.2) hae.

Sumatra ek lambaa island hae jiske diagonal ke northwest–southeast axis hae. Indian Ocean island ke northwest, west, aur southwest coasts ke border kare hae. Northeast me, patraa Strait of Malacca hae, jon island ke  Malay Peninsula se separate kare hae. Southeast me, patra Sunda Strait hae, jisme Krakatoa archipelago hae, aur ii Sumatra, Java se separate kare hae. Sumatra ke northern tip  Andaman Islands ke lage hae, jab southeastern coast ke lage Bangka aur Belitung islands, Karimata Strait aurJava Sea hae. Bukit Barisan mountains, jisme dher active jwaala mukhi hae, island ke backbone hae, jab northeastern area me barraa plains aur lowlands jisme swamps, mangrove forest aur complex river systems hae. Ii island ke  equator iske centre me cross kare hae.  Ii island ke mausam  tropical hae, garam, aur humid. Dher tropical rain forest ek dafe ii island ke landscape ke dominate karat rahin.

Sumatra me dher rakam ke paudhaa aur  and jaanwar hae lekin ii aapan 50%  tropical rainforest ke last 35 saal me koe diis hae. Dher jaanwar abhi  critically endangered hae, jaise ki Sumatran ground cuckoo,  Sumatran tiger,  Sumatran elephant, Sumatran rhinoceros, aur Sumatran orangutan. Deforestation ke kaaran serious seasonal smoke haze parrosi des me faile hae.  jiske kaaran Indoneasia aur  Malaysia aur Singapore me tanao barrhaa hae. Jaada deforestation aur duusra environmental destruction ke academics log  ecocide bol ke describe karin hae..
1818

**1818** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon suk ke din suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam
* 11 March - **[[Marius Petipa]]**, France aur Russia ke ballet nachaniyaa, ballet master aur choreographer, ke janam Marseille me bhais rahaa.

* 5 May -** [[Karl Marx]]**, jon Markswaad (Marxism) ke suruu karis rahaa, ke janam Prussia, Germany me bhais rahaa.

## Maut
384 BC

**384 BC** pre-Julian Roman calendar ke ek saal rahaa. uu time iske "Tribunate of Cornelius, Poplicola, Rufus, Crassus and Capitolinus" ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, aur kabhi-kabhi "year 370 Ab urbe condita" bhi bola jaawat rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut
* Aristotle, Greek philosopher (d. 322 BC)
Jean-Paul Belmondo

**Jean-Paul Charles Belmondo** (; 9 April 19336 September 2021) ek French actor rahaa. Suruu me uske New Wave of the 1960s se associate karaa jaawat rahaa, aur uu kuchh decade baad  French film star rahaa, jisme uu jaada kar ke  police officers aur criminals ke role  action thriller films me karat rahaa. Uske kuchh jaana-maana film rahaa *[[Breathless (1960 film)|Breathless]]* (1960), *[[That Man from Rio]]* (1964), *[[Pierrot le Fou]]* (1965), *[[Borsalino (film)|Borsalino]]* (1970), aur *[[The Professional (1981 film)|The Professional]]* (1981).  Belmondo ke 50 saal ke career me uske  160 million log dekhin hae. 1969 aur 1982 ke biich me, uu chaar dafe France ke sab se mashuur film me act karis rahaa: *[[The Brain (1969 film)|The Brain]]* (1969), *[[Fear Over the City]]* (1975), *[[Animal (1977 film)|Animal]]* (1977), *[[Ace of Aces (1982 film)|Ace of Aces]]* (1982), being surpassed on this point only by Louis de Funès.
Khandaan

**Khandaan**, ek 1942 me banaa Hindi film hae, jon India me banaa rahaa. Ii film ke Shaukat Hussain Rizvi direct karis hae aur isme Pran, Noor Jahan, Manorama, M. Ajmal, Gulam Mohammed aur Ibrahim acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
Halaku

**Halaku** ek 1956 me banaa Hindi hae jiske D. D. Kashyap direct karis hae aur jisme Pran, Ajit aur Meena Kumari acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
Jis Desh Mein Ganga Behti Hai

**Jis Desh Mein Ganga Behti Hai**, ek India me 1960 me banaa Hindi film hae. Iske Radhu Karmakar direct karis hae aur isme khaas actors hae Raj Kapoor, Padmini Ramachandaran aur Pran.

## Bahaari jorr
*
Madhumati

**Madhumati** ek 1958 me banaa Hindi hae jiske Bimal Roy direct karis hae aur jisme Vyjayanthimala, Dilip Kumar, Pran aur Johnny Walker acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
Shaheed

**Shaheed**, ek Hindi film hae jiske 1965 me India me Batukeshwar Dutt ke direction me banaawa gais rahaa. Ii film me Manoj Kumar, Prem Chopra aur Anant Purushottam Marathe acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
1769

**1769** ek leap sadhaaran rahaa, jon ki suk ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 15 August - **[[Napoleon]]**, jon 1804 se 1815 talak, France ke Emperor rahaa, ke janam Corsica me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## References
Ram aur Shyam

**Ram aur Shyam**, ek 1967 me India me banaa Hindi film hae, jiske Tapi Chanakya direct karis hae aur jisme Dilip Kumar, Pran, Waheeda Rehman aur Mumtaz acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
Aansoo Ban Gaye Phool

**Aansoo Ban Gaye Phool**, ek 1969 me India me banaa Hindi film hae, jiske Satyen Bose direct karis hae aur jisme Deb Mukherjee, Alka, Ashok Kumar, Nirupa Roy, Pran aur Helen acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
1821

**1821** ek sadharan saal rahaa jon ki sombaar ke suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 5 May - **[[Napoleon]]**, jon 1804 se 1815 talak, France ke Emperor rahaa, ke maut Saint Helena me bhais rahaa.

## References

 

1
Upkar

**Upkar**, ek 1967 me India me banaa Hindi film hae, jiske Manoj Kumar direct karis hae aur jisme Manoj Kumar, Asha Parekh, Prem Chopra aur Pran acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
Purab aur Paschim

**Purab aur Paschim**, ek 1970 me India me banaa Hindi film hae, jiske Manoj Kumar direct karis hae, aur jisme Ashok Kumar, Saira Banu, Manoj Kumar, Pran, Nirupa Roy, Prem Chopra aur Vinod Khanna acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
Johny Mera Naam

**Johny Mera Naam**, ek 1970 me India me banaa Hindi film hae, jiske Vijay Anand direct kare hae, aur jisme Dev Anand, Hema Malini, Pran, Jeevan, Premnath, I. S. Johar aur Padma Khanna acting kare hae.

## Bahaari jorr
*
Java

**Java**, Indonesia ke Sunda Islands me se ek hae. Iske south me  Indian Ocean  aur north me Java Samundar hae (jon Pacific Ocean ke hissa hae) to the north. Iske abaadi 156.9&nbsp;million log (jisme Madura bhi hae) mid 2024 me rahin, aur iske 2025 talak barr ke  158&nbsp;million ke anumaan hae. Java, dunia ke sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae, jisme Indonesia ke lagbhag   55.7%  log rahe hae.  Indonesia ke capital city, Jakarta, Java ke northwestern coast pe hae.
Lesser Sunda Islands

**Lesser Sunda Islands**, jiske abhi **Nusa Tenggara Islands** (nai to "Southeast Islands") bola jaae hae,  Indonesian archipelago ke bhittar ek archipelago hae. Lesser Sunda Islands ke jaada islands Wallacea ilaaka me hae, Bali province ke chhorr ke, jon  Wallace Line ke west me hae, lekin  Sunda Shelf ke bhittar hae. West me Greater Sunda Islands ke saathe, ii duuno  Sunda Islands banae hae.   1930 me hian ke abaadi 3,460,059 rahaa; lekin aaj 17 million log ii islands me rahe hae. 

Khaas Lesser Sunda Islands, west to east hae: Bali, Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Savu, Rote, Timor, Atauro, Alor archipelago, Barat Daya Islands, aur Tanimbar Islands.  Timor island ke eastern hissa aur Atauro island, jon Timor Leste des ke banae hae, ke chhorr ke aur sab islands Indonesia ke hissa hae.
Timor

**Timor** Maritime Southeast Asia ke southern end ke ek island hae, jon  Timor Samundar ke north me hae. Ii island island ke east me Timor-Leste aur Indonesia western hissa me hae. Indonesia ke hissa ke West Timor bola jaae hae, aur ii East Nusa Tenggara province me hae. West Timor ke bhittar, Timor-Leste ke ek enclave hae, jiske Oecusse District bola jaae hae. Ii island ke area  hae. Ii island ke naam *timur* se aais hae, jon Malay bhasa me "east" hae; kaaheki ii  Lesser Sunda Islands ke east me hae. Mainland Australia  500&nbsp;km se kamti duur hae aur biich me  Timor Sea hae.
Sakhalin

**Sakhalin**, Northeast Asia ke ek island hae. Iske north coast Russia ke Khabarovsk Krai ke  southeast me hae, jab iske southern tip Japan ke Hokkaido island ke {convert|40|km}} north me hae.  Ii West Pacific ke island, ke east me Sea of Okhotsk hae aur soutwest me   Sea of Japan hae. Ii Sakhalin Oblast ke hissa hae aur Russia ke sab se barraa island hae. , Iske area   hae. Ii island ke abaadi lagbhag  500,000 hae, jisme ke jaada log Russians. Ii island ke adiwasi Ainu, Orok aur Nivkh hae, aur ii log ke abaadi bahut kamti hae
Great Britain

**Great Britain**, North Atlantic Ocean me continental Europe ke  north-west coast ke bahaar ke  island hae , jisme  England, Scotland, aur Wales hae. Iske area  hae, aur ii British Isles ke sab se barraa island hae. Ii Europe ke bhi sab se barraa island hae. Isme jaada kar ke  maritime climate rahe hae aur seasons me temperature ke difference bahut nai rahe hae.   Ireland ke island, jiske area Great Britain ke 40 per cent hae, ii island ke west me hae. is to the west of these islands.  aGreat Britain aur 1,000 chhota-chhota island  British Isles archipelago ke banae hae.

Ii 9,000 saal pahile talak mainland Europe se  ek  land bridge se connnected rahaa, jiske abhi  Doggerland bola jaae hae. Great Britain me 30,000 saal se insaan rahe hae. 2011 me iske abaadi lagbhag   rahaa, jiske kaaran ii dunia ke tiisra sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae, Japan ke Honshu aur Indonesia ke Java ke baad, aur Asia se baahar sab se jaada population waala island hae.  

"Great Britain" naam ke  political territory of England, Scotland, and Wales ke bhi bola jaae hae, jisme paas ke chhota-chhota island bhi hae.. This territory, together with Northern Ireland, constitutes the United Kingdom.
Severnaya Zemlya

**Severnaya Zemlya** , ek  barraa archipelago Russian high Arctic me hae. Ii Siberia ke Taymyr Peninsula ke lage hae, aur mainland se  Vilkitsky Strait se separated hae. Ii archipelago Arctic Ocean, ke Kara Sea  west me aur Laptev Sea east me divide kare hae.

Severnaya Zemlya ke 1913 me pahila dafe note karaa gais rahaa aur  1930&ndash;32 me pahila dafe chart karaa gais rahaa, jiske matlab hae ki ii dunia ke aakhri barraa archipelago hae jiske explore karaa gais hae. Ii island Russia ke  Krasnoyarsk Krai administrative zone me hae. Soviet Union ke time hian pe dher research stations rahaa lekin aaj-kal hian pe koi nai rahe hae. Prima Polar Station ke chhorr ke Cape Baranov ke lage.
Carbon dioxide

**Carbon dioxide** ek chemical compound hae jiske chemical formula **** hae. Ii molecules se banaa rahe hae, jisme  ek carbon atom covalently  dui oxygen atoms se double bond banae hae. Iske bhaap ke ruup me  room temperature me paawa jaae hae aur iske concentration me koi mahak nai rahe hae. Ii  carbon cycle ke khaatir jaruri hae, aur dunia me  infrared radiation ke absorb kare aur ek greenhouse gas hae. Carbon dioxide, paani me mile sake hae aur iske matti ke bhittar ke paani, talaab, ice cap, aur samundar ke paani me bhi paawa jaae hae.
Yamgrah

**Yamgrah** (Pluto) (minor-planet designation: **134340 Pluto**) ek bauna grah, Kuiper belt me hae, jon bodies Neptude se duur hae. Ii 9th sab se barraa  aur 10th sab se garrhu (Eris ke baad) chij hae jon Suraj ke sidhe parikrama kare hae.   Duusra Kuiper belt ke chij ke rakam, ii jaada kar ke  ice aur pattharr ke banaa hae, lekin bhittar waala grah se bahut chhotaa hae.  Pluto ke wajan Chandarma ke  one-sixth hae aur volume  one-third hae. Pahile iske ek grah maana jaawat rahaa, lekin ek nawaa definition ke niche iske ek bauna grah classify karaa gais hae. 

Yamgrah ke orbit badalte rahe hae aur ii range kare hae Suraj se  . Suraj ke rosni ke hian talak pahunche me 5.5 ghantaa lage hae jab iske orbital distance  rahe hae. Pluto ke ii orbit ke kaaran kabhi-kabhi Yamgrah Neptune se jaada nagiich hoe jaae hae, lekin ek stable orbital resonance ke kaaran duuno collide nai hoe hae. 

Yamgrah ke paanch chaand ke baare me jaana jaae hae; (moon)|Charon]], the largest, whose diameter is just over half that of Pluto; Styx; Nix; Kerberos; and Hydra. Yamgrah aur Charon ke kabh-kabhi  ek binary system  maana jaae hae, kaaheki duuno ke orbit koi ek me bandha nai hae. New Horizons pahila spacecraft rahaa jon Yamgrah aur uske chaand measurements aur observations lis rahaa jab uu 14 July 2015 me hian se flyby bhais rahaa.

## Itihaas
1840s me Urbain Le Verrier, Classical mechanics ke kaam me laae ke Neptune ke predict karis rahaa, Uranus ke orbit ke asar ke analyse kare ke baad. 19th century ke aakhri hissa me astronomer log ii speculate kare lagin ki Neptune ke alaawa ek duusra planet bhi Uranus ke orbit ke asar kare hae. 

1906 me Percival Lowell en 9th grah ke khoj suruu karis jiske uu "Planet X" ke naam diis rahaa aur 1909 me Lowell aur  William H. Pickering ii planet ke coordinate suggest kare rahin. 

1929 me Clyde Tombaugh Planet X ke khoj fir se suruu karis. Tambaugh raat ke aasmaan ke dui chaapa utaar ke ii dekhe ke kosis karis ki koi chij aapan position ke badlis hae ki nai. 18 February 1930 me uu ii dekhis ke jon chhaapa ke 23 January aur 29 January ke biich me lewea gis rahaa, me ek chij move hoe hae. Jab aur observation iske confirm karis tab ii sab chaapa ke 13 March 1930 me Harvard College Observatory ke lage bheja gais rahaa. 

Yamgrah ke ek saal, dunia ke 247.94 saal ke baraabar hae, jiske matlab ii hae ki Yamgrag 2178 me iske discovery ke baad pahila orbit complete kari.

Jab Yamgrah ke paae lewa gais rahaa, tab se astronomer log ii nai biswas kare hae ki ii Lowell ke Planet X hae. Pluto ke mass ke anumaan ke 20th century me kamti karaa gais hae. 

## References
Brahaspati ke chaand

Brahaspati ke 97 chaand hae, jiske orbit ke 30 April 2025 talak confirm karaa gais hae. Isme uu sab chhota-chhota chnas nai gina jaae hae jon kuch metre ke diameter ke hae aur hoe sake hae ek-kilometre barraa chaand jiske achchhaa se dekha nai gais hae. Sab milae ke Brahaspati ke chaand ke **Jovian system** bola jaae hae. Isme se sab se barraa chaand uu hae jiske Galileo Galilei aur Simon Marius, 1610 me dekhe rahin. Ii chaaro Galilean chaand hae:Io, Europa, Ganymede, aur Callisto
Caselle Landi

**Caselle Landi** (Italian *Caselle Landi*; Lodigian bhasa *Caséli* ), Italy ke sab se barraa village. 

## References
Anand Bakshi

**Anand Bakshi** (21 July 1930 – 30 March 2002) ek mashhoor Bhartiya film ke geetkaar rahaa. U Hindi cinema me hazaar se jaada gaana likhis. Uska janam Rawalpindi, Punjab me bhais rahaa jab uu jagah British India me rahaa. Bharat ke batwara ke baad, uu log Lucknow me bas gais rahaa.

## Jeevan ke aarambhik din
Bakshi ke janam 21 July 1930 ke Rawalpindi, Punjab me bhais rahaa. U Punjab ke ek Mohyal Brahmin parivaar se rahaa. Uu chhota rahaa tab uske pita, Sumitra Lal Vaid, ek bank manager rahaa. Jab 1947 me Bharat ke vibhajan bhais, tab uska parivaar Pakistan se nikal ke pehle Pune aur phir Lucknow me bas gais rahaa.

## Career
Anand Bakshi apna career Indian Navy me suru karis, lekin uu apna dil se geet likhe ke ichchha chhodi na paais. Uu Mumbai aais film industry me kismat ajmaaye. 1958 me uske pehla film 'Bhalaa Aadmi' ke liye gaana likhe ke moka milis. Lekin uu 1967 ke film 'Milan' ke baad bahut mashhoor bhais. Uske likhal "Sawan ka mahina" aur "Ramchandra keh gaye Siya se" jaise geet logan ke dil me bas gais.

Anand Bakshi 4 baar Filmfare Award ke liye naamit bhais aur bahut film me superhit gaana likhis, jisme Aradhana (1969), Amar Prem (1971), Sholay (1975), Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge (1995) aur Mohabbatein (2000) jaise film rahaa.

## Mrityu
Anand Bakshi ke maut 30 March 2002 ke Mumbai me bhais. Uu kuch din se bimar rahaa aur uske ek surgery ke baad complications se uu duniya se chalaa gais. Uu 71 baris ke rahaa.

## Sandarbh
Gloomy Sunday

**Gloomy Sunday** (Angrezi: *Gloomy Sunday*, Hungarian: *Szomorú Vasárnap*) ek Hungarian piano bajāewāla aur sangeetkar **Rezo Seres** ke 1933 me banāwal gais gīt hae. Ii gīt ke aksar "Hungarian suicide song" kehā jāt hae. Kahā jāt hae ki ii gīt sun ke sau se adhik logan suicide kar le rahal.  Ii gīt publish ho gail ke baad Rezo ke girlfriend/biwi bhi suicide kar leis rahī. Lagbhag 35 saal baad Rezo bhi suicide ke kosis kais rahal. U building se jump kais rahal lekin banch gail rahal, aur baad me hospital me electric wire se galaa ghont ke apna jīwan khatam kar leis rahal. Kuch desh me ii gīt ke ban kar dehal gais rahal.

## Rezo Seres ke jīwan
Rezo Seres ke janam 3 November 1899 ke Hungary me bhail rahal. Suruwat me u circus me kām karat rahal. Ek accident me ghaayal ho ke circus chhorke u gīt likhe lagal. 1932 me Paris me rahte samay u ek gīt likhis rahal jiska nām rahal *Vége a világnak*.

## Gīt ke pīchhu ke kahānī
1932 me Paris me rahte samay Rezo ii gīt likhis rahal.  U samay depression ke samay rahal, aur log bahut pareshaan rahal. Ii gīt me dukhi bhāwana, anyaay aur duniya ke samasya ke baat kahal gail rahal. 

Gīt bahut udaasi bhara rahal, isliye pahila ke kai music publisher iske chhapāwe se mana kar dehalas. Ek publisher ta kahal rahal: "Ii gīt keval udaasi na, balki purā hopeless baa. Hum naahi sochi ki ii logan ke pasand aai."  Akhir me 1933 ke end me ii gīt publish kaila gail, jisme Laszlo Javor naam ke kavi lyrics likhis rahal. 

Unka likhal version me love aur viraha ke kahani rahal, jisse ii popular ho gail. 

## Shehri kahāni (Urban Legend)
Kai baras se ii gīt ke leke kuchh urban legend phailal baa, jisme kahal jāt baa ki log iske sun ke suicide kar lete rahal aur radio station iske ban kar dehal.  Lekin ii sab ke proof nai milal baa. 

1930 ke dasak me kuch newspaper me report aais rahal ki Hungary aur America me is gīt se jural 100 se adhik suicide bhail baa.  Lekin koi research ii claim ke confirm nai karis. Suicide ke karan Hungary me tabhi se jyada rahal - social aur economic problem ke chalte. 

Rezo Seres ke death 11 January 1968 ke suicide se bhail rahal. 

## Bahari link
*
Novaya Zemlya

**Novaya Zemlya** (, also , ;  ), jiske **** bhi spell karaa jaae hae, northern Russia ke ek archipelago hae. Ii  Europe ke northeast me  Arctic Ocean me hae. Iske northern island ke   Cape Flissingsky ke Europe ke  easternmost point maana jaae hae. Novaya Zemlya ke west me Barents Samundar aur east me  Kara Samundar hae.

Novaya Zemlya me dui khaas island hae,  northern Severny Island aur southern Yuzhny Island, jiske biich mee Matochkin Strait hae. Administratively ii **Novaya Zemlya District** me hae, jon Russia ke Arkhangelsk Oblast, ke 21 administrative divisions me se ek hae. Municipally ii **Novaya Zemlya Urban Okrug** me hae.
Silent films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu films hae jon Silent hae, iske chaahe koi des me banaawa gais hoi. Ii jaada kar ke puraana films hae, "talkies" ke suruu hoy se pahile.

## 1911
* **[[The Aerial Anarchists]]**, Director - Walter R. Booth
Spitsbergen

**Spitsbergen** (; jiske pahile **West Spitsbergen** ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa; Norwegian: *Vest Spitsbergen* or *Vestspitsbergen* , aur jiske kabhi-kabhi **Spitzbergen** spell karaa jaae hae) Svalbard archipelago ke sab se barraa aur khaali ekke island  northern Norway ke Arctic Ocean me hae jisme koi rahe hae.
Sardinia

**Sardinia** ( ;  ; ), Mediterranean Sea ke duusra sab se barraa island hae,  Sicily ke baad, aur Italy ke 20 regions me se ek hae. Ii Italian Peninsula ke west, Tunisia ke north aur 16.45&nbsp;km Corsica ke south me hae. Isme 1.5 million log rahe hae.
Sicily

**Sicily** (Italian ),  . officially the **Sicilian Region** , central Mediterranean Sea ke ek island hae, jon continental Europe ke Italian Peninsula ke south me hae aur Italy ke 20 regions me se ek hae.  Isme 4.7 million log rahe hae, jisme se 1.2 million, capital city, Palermo me nai to iske nagiich rahe hae. Ii Mediterranean Sea ke sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae.  Sicily ke naam  Sicels se aais hae, jon Iron Age me ii island me rahar rahin.   Ismes Mount Etna hae, jon Europe ke sab se uunchaa  active volcano hae.  Ii island ke  typical Mediterranean climate hae. Ii  Calabria  Strait of Messina se separated hae. Ii Italy ke paanch autonomous regions me se ek hae, aur iske Southern Italy ke ek hissa maana jaae hae.
Soni Razdan

**Soni Razdan** (janam 25 October 1956) ek bharatiya abhinetri, director, aur producer hae. 

## References

## Bahaari jorr

* 
*
Franz Josef Land

**Franz Josef Land** ek Russia ke archipelago, Arctic Ocean me hae. Isme jaada kar ke military personnel rahe hae. Isme Arkhangelsk Oblast ke northernmost hissa hae jisme  192 islands, jon  ke area ke cover kare hae, ii  gailaa hae east se lae ke west talak aur  north se south. Ii islands ke tiin  group me baata jaae hae  (western, central, aur eastern) jiske  British Channel aur Austrian Strait separate kare hae. Central group ke aur dui hissa me baata gais hae northern aur southern section jiske Markham Sound divide kare hae. Sab se barraa island hae Prince George Land, jiske area  hae, aur isse chhota hae Wilczek Land, Graham Bell Island aur Alexandra Land.
Annamalai

**Annamalai Kuppusamy** (Annamalai Kuppusamy; janm: 4 June 2009) ek jana Bharatiya rajneetigya tatha poorv IPS adhikari hain.

## Prarambhik Jeevan aur Parivaar
Unka janm 1984 June 4 ko Tamil Nadu rajyake Karur jillake Thottampatti gaav me Kongu Vellalar Gounder kisan parivaar me hua tha. Unke pita Kuppusamy aur mata Parameswari hain. Unhone Akhila Swaminathan se vivaah kiya hai aur do santaan hain.

## Shiksha
Unhone prarambhik shiksha Karur aur Namakkal jillon ke vidyalayon me li. Baad me PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore se Mechanical Engineering me snatak kiya. Unhone Indian Institute of Management, Lucknow se MBA bhi kiya. Ve 2011 ke UPSC pariksha mein safal hoke IPS bane.

Ve Tamil, Angrezi, Kannada aur Hindi bhashao me nipun hain.

## Refferences

India

 
ke raashtraadhyakshon kee soochee
South Island

**South Island**,  'the waters of Greenstone'), New Zealand ke tiin khaas island me se sab se barraa hae, jab aur dui hae  North Island aur Stewart Island. Iske north me Cook Strait,  west me Tasman Sea, south me   Foveaux Strait aur Southern Ocean, aur east me Pacific Ocean hae. South Island ke area  hae, jiske kaaran ii dunia ke 12th sab se barraa island hae, aur isme New Zealand ke 56%  land area hae. Low altitudes me iske oceanic climate hae. Iske sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae  Christchurch, Dunedin, Nelson aur Invercargill.
Alia Bhatt

**Alia Bhatt** (janam 15 March 1993) ek bharatiya abhinetri aur producer hae. 

## References

## Bahaari jorr

* 
*
Zealand

**Zealand** ( ), Denmark ke sab se barraa aur sab se jaada abaadi waala island hae,   (isme Greenland aur Disko Island, jon aur barra hae, ke include nai karaa gais hae) jisme area 7,031&nbsp;km2 (2715 sq. mi.) hae. 1 January 2020 me Zealand ke abaadi 2,319,705 rahaa, jon des ke  40%  abaadi hae.
Hawaiian Islands

**Hawaiian Islands**  ek archipelago hae jisme  aath khaas volcanic islands, dher atolls, aur dher chhota-chhota islets, North Pacific Ocean me hae, jon  talak extend hoe hae,   island of Hawaii south me se lae ke northernmost Kure Atoll talak. Iske pahile Europe ke log **Sandwich Islands** bolat rahin, aur iske abhi ke naam , sab se barraa island , Hawaii se aais hae.
Sanigrah ke chaand

**Sanigrah ke chaand** dher hae aur dher rakam ke hae , chhota-chhota moonlet jiske diameter khaali 10 meter ke hae se  barraa Titan, jon grah  Budhgrah se bhi barraa hae. Abhi talak 274 chaand jon  Sanigrah ke parikramaa kare hae, ke confirmed karaa gais hae, ii Saur Mandal ke koi grah se bahut jaada hae . Enceladus iske ek aur jaana maana chaand hae.
Io

**Io** (),  Jupiter ke chaar khaas chaand me se Jupiter ke sab se nagiich hae aur duusra sab se chhota hae.  Lo, dunia ke Chandarma se thorraa barraa hae aur Saur Mandal ke 4th sab se barra chaand hae. Iske density aur sab chaand ke mukable me sab se jaada hae, iske  surface gravity  sab se jaada hae aur isme sab se kamti paani hae agar iske saur mandal ke koi bhi chij se compare karaa jaae.
Asteroid belt

**Asteroid belt** ek torus- ke shape ke ilaaka  Saur Mandal me hae, jisme centre  Suraj hae aur ii lagbhag  grah Jupiter aur Mars ke biich me hae. Isme dher irregularly shaped bodies hae, jiske asteroid, nai to minor planets bola jaae hae. Ii sab objects dher size ke hae , lekin  sab grah se bahut chhota hae, aur average me lagbhag ek million kilometers (nai to six hundred thousand miles) duur hae. Ii asteroid belt ke  **main asteroid belt**nai to **main belt** bhi bola jaae hae, Saur Mandal ke  asteroid populations se distinguish kare ke khaatir.
Europa

**Europa** Brahaspati ke chaand hae.  Iske dunia se sadhaaran durbiiin se dekha jaae sake hae aur chaar  Galilean moons me se ek hae. Ii sab se chhotaa chaand hae jon Brahaspati ke parikrama kare hae, aur ii dunia ke chandarma se thorraa chhota hae.   Europa ek icy chaand hae, aur ii Brahaspati ke tiin icy chaand me se Brahaspati ke sab se nagiich hae. Iske kaaran iske surface kaafi nawaa hae, jiske kaaran tidal heating hae.
Ganymede

**Ganymede**, Brahaspati ke chaand hae aur Saur Mandal ke sab se barraa hae.  Saturn ke sab se barraa chaand, Titan ke rakam, ii grah p Mercury se barraa hae, lekin iske surface gravity Mercury, Io, aur Chandarma se kamti hae, iske kamti density ke kaaran. Ganymede, Brahaspati ke lagbhag hae saat din orbit kare hae aur ii 1:2:4 orbital resonance me chaand Europa aur Io se hae.
Titan

**Titan**, Sanigrah ke chaand me se sab se barraa hae aur ii Saur Mandal ke duusra sab se barraa chaand hae. Ii khaali ek jaana jaae waala chaand hae jiske atmosphere, dunia ke atmosphere se denser hae, aur outer space me, dunia ke alaawa, khaali ek jagha hae jahaan pe  stable bodies of liquid ke rahe ke sabuut  hae. Titan, Sanigrah ke saat golaa chaand me se ek hae  aur duusra sab se duur hae.  Titan ke diameter, dunia ke chaand se 50% jaada hae aur 80% jaada garrhu hae. Ii saur mandal me, Jupiter ke chaand,  Ganymede, baad, duusra sab se barraa chaand hae, aur   Mercury se barraa hae; lekin Titan ke wajan Mercury ke khaali 40% hae, kaaheki Mercury me jaada loha aur patthar hae, jab Titan jaada kar ke ice hae, jon kamti dense hae.
Varungrah ke chaand

Varungrah ke 16 jaana jaae waala chaand hae, jiske naam Greece ke paani ke deota se dewa gais hae. Aur sab chaand se bahut barraa chaand  Triton hae, jiske William Lassell  10 October 1846 me paais rahaa, Varungrah ke paae ke 17 din baad.  Lagbhag ek century baad duusra chaand,   Nereid ke, 1949 me paawa gais rahaa, aur 40 saal baad  Proteus, Varungrah ke duusra sab se barraa chaand, ke 1989 me paawa gais rahaa.
Triton

**Triton**, Varungrah ke sab se barraa chandarma hae. Ii Varungrah ke khaali ekke chaand hae jon apne se golaa bhais hae  aur isme atmosphere hae.  Triton Varubgrah ke parikramaa grah ke rotation ke ultaa direction me kare hae, aur ii Saur Mandal me khaali ekke chandarma hae jon aise ghume hae.   Ii socha jaae hae ki Triton ek dafe ek bauna grah, Kuiper belt se hae, jiske Varungrah ke gravity pakarr liis rahaa.
Pluto ke chaand

Bauna grah, Yamgrah ke paanch chandarma hae. Yamgrah se duuri ke order me ii chaand hae  Charon, Styx, Nix, Kerberos, aur Hydra. Charon, sab se barraa hae, aur ii mutually tidally locked Yamgrah se, aur etna barra hae ki Yamgrah aur Charon ke kabhi-kabhi binary dwarf planet maana jaae hae.
Charon

**Charon** (  or  ),, jiske formal designation **(134340) Pluto I** hae, paanch bauna grah Yamgrah ke chaand me se sab se barraa hae. Iske mean radius   hae. Charon 6th sab se barraa  trans-Neptunian object Yamgrah ke baad, Eris, Haumea, Makemake, aur Gonggong. Iske 1978 me United States Naval Observatory, Washington, D.C. me, photographic plates se kaam me laae ke United States Naval Observatory Flagstaff Station (NOFS) me.
Eris

**Eris** (minor-planet designation: **136199 Eris**), sab se jaada garrhu aur duusra sab se barraa bauna grah, Saur Mandal me hae.  Ii ek trans-Neptunian object (TNO) hae aur iske  high-eccentricity orbit hae. Eris ke January 2005 me Palomar Observatory–based team, jike Mike Brown lead karis rahaa, paaais rahaa aur iske ek saal baad fir se verify karaa gais rahaa. Iska naam  September 2006 me,  GrecoRoman deota ke baad rakkhaa gais rahaa. Suraj ke parikrama kare waala chij me se, Eris 9th sab se garrhu hae, aur agar sab chaand ke lewa jaae tan ii 16th hae. Ii saur mandal ke sab se barraa chij hae jiske koi spacecraft visit nai karis hae.  Eris ke diameter   hae; iske wajan dunia ke  0.28% hae aur Yamgrah se 27% jaada hae, jabki Yamgrah, by volume, thorraa barraa hae.   Duuno Eris aur Yamgrah kesurface area  Russia nai to South America ke baraabar hae.
Makemake

**Makemake** (minor-planet designation: **136472 Makemake**) ek bauna grah aur Kuiper belt ke chij me se sab se barraa hae. Iske diameter Saturn ke chaand, Iapetus ke baraabar hae, nai to Yamgrah ke 60%  Iske ek jaana jaae waala satellite hae. Iske average temperature bahut kamti rahe hae, lagbhag , jiske matlab hae ki iske surface  methane, ethane, aur solid nitrogen se covered rahe hae. Makemake me geothermal activity ke sabuut hae aur saait isme active geology aur  active subsurface ocean bhi hoi.
Haumea

**Haumea** (minor-planet designation: **136108 Haumea**) ek bauna grah hae jon Neptune ke orbit se duur hae . Iske  2004 me ek team jiske Mike Brown, Caltech at the Palomar Observatory lead karis rahaa, paais rahaa aur iske 2005 me formally announce karaa gais rahaa by a team headed by José Luis Ortiz Moreno at the Sierra Nevada Observatory in Spain, who had discovered it that year in precovery images taken by the team in 2003. From that announcement, it received the provisional designation 2003 EL61.
Kuiper belt

**Kuiper belt**  Saur Mandal ke sab se duur waala hissa ke  circumstellar disc hae, jon Varungrah ke  orbit se, 30 astronomical units (AU) pe, se lagbhag Suraj se 50 AU talak. Ii asteroid belt ke rakam hae, lekin dher barraa hae—20&nbsp;chaurraa aur –200&nbsp;dafe aur garrhu hae. Asteroid belt belt ke rakam, isme chhota-chhota chij hae jon Saur Mandal ke bane ke time se bachaa hae.   Jab ki dher asteroid patthar aur metal ke banaa hae, jaada Kuiper belt ke chij  frozen volatiles (termed "ices"), jaise methane, ammonia, aur paani se banaa hae. Kuiper belt uu chij ke ghar hae jiske  astronomer log jaada kar ke bauna grah bole hae:  Orcus, Yamgrah, Haumea, Quaoar, aur Makemake. Saur Mandal ke kuchh chaand, jaise Varungrah ke Triton aur Sanigrah ke Phoebe, saait ii jagha se aae hoi.

## References
Terrestrial planet

A **terrestrial planet**, **tellurian planet**, **telluric planet**, nai to **rocky planet**, ek grah hae jon khaas kar ke  silicate, rocks nai to metal se banaa hae. Saur Mandal me terrestrial planets uu grah hae jon  Suraj ke nagiich hae: Budhgrah (Mercury), Sukhrgrah (Venus), Dunia and Mangalgrah (Mars). Kuchh A astronomer log ii biswas kare hae ki kuchh chaand – Dunia ke Chaand, Io, aur kabhi-kabhi Europa bhi   terrestrial planet  hae. Ii suchi me kabhi-kabhi  asteroids Pallas aur Vesta bhi jorraa jaae hae. Ii naam "terrestrial planet" aur "telluric planet" dunia ke khaatir Latin sabd (*Terra* and *Tellus*), kaaheki ii grah dunia ke rakam hae .

## References
1593

**1593** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon ki suk ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

* 1593 -  Galileo Galilei, taapmaan naape ke pahila chij banais rahaa, jiske  Galileo thermometer ke naam dewa gais rahaa
## Janam

## Maut

## References
Oort baadal

**Oort cloud** (pronounced   nai to  ), jiske kabhi-kabhi **Öpik–Oort cloud** bhi bola jaae hae, ek scientific theory hae jisme billions of icy planetesimal baadal Sun ke surround kare hae, 2,000 se 200,000 AU (0.03 to 3.2 light-years) ke duuri pe. Ii baadal ke  1950 me Dutch astronomer Jan Oort propose karis rahaa, jiske honour me iske naam dewa gais hae. Oort propose karis rahaa ki ii baadal ke chij, ketnaa jhaarru, Saur Mandal me hae hae ke constant rakkhe hae.

## References
Gas giant

**Gas giant** ek barraa grah hae jon jaada kar ke hydrogen aur helium se banaa hae. Brahaspati (Jupiter) aur Sanigrah (Saturn), Saur Mandal (Solar Syatem)  ke gas giants hae.. "Gas giant" ke matlab pahile  "giant planet" rahaa. Lekin 1990s me, ii sanjhaa gais ki  Arungrah (Uranus) aur Varungrah (Neptune) ek alag rakam ke giant grah hae, jon  jaada kar ke heavier volatile substances (referred to as "ices") se banaa hae. Ii kaaran se Arungrah aur Varungrah ke ek alag vibhag me ice giant classify karaa gais hae.

## References
1665

**1665** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon bif ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

* Robert Hooke, ek book, *[[Micrographia]]*, ke publish karis rahaa, jisme uu bolis ki: "Garmi aur kuchh nai hae, lekin ek chij ke part jorr se hile lage hae."

## Janam

## Maut

* 19 November - **[[Nicolas Poussin]]**, France ke chitrkaar, ke maut Rome me bhais rahaa.

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
1827

**1827** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon sombaar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 18 July - **[[Mangal Pandey]]**, ek Indian sipaahi rahaa jon 1857 ke Indian Rebellion ke suruwaat me khaas haanth rahaa.

## Maut

## References
Israel Iran Conflict

Li conflict san 2025 mein shur ki gais hai Iran aur Israel ke beech. Dono taraf se strikes pad rahe hai aur kaye Iran ke commaders bhi mare gaye hai. War ke karaan log jaise Pakistani and Hindustani desho ko chod ke bhaag rahe hai. Shuruad Israel ke bombing se hue the. Ladai 24 Jun ko rok di gais.  

## Li bhi dekho
Israel Palestine Conflict ke Timeline ke suchi
Italian films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film hae jiske Italian bhasa me banaawa gais hae'

## 1961
* Accattone - Director - Pier Paolo Pasolini, Khaas actors -  Franco Citti, Franca Pasut, Silvana Corsini, Paola Guidi

## 2011
* **[[A Burning Hot Summer]]**, Director - Philippe Garrel, Khaas actors - Monica Bellucci, Louis Garrel, Céline Sallette, Jérôme Robart