Yelena Bonner

**Yelena Bonner** poorv soviyat sangh mein ek maanavaadhikaar kaaryakarta aur bhautik vigyaanee aandreee sakhaarov kee patnee theen. ek asantusht ke roop mein apane dashakon ke dauraan, bonar ko unakee vishisht kund eemaanadaaree aur saahas ke lie jaana jaata tha. bonar ka janm lusik jorjeevana aleekhaanova mein marv, turkamen esesaar, yooesesaar (ab mairee, turkamenistaan) mein hua tha. unake pita, jorjee aleekhaanov (armeniyaee naam gevork aleekhaanayaan), ek armeniyaee the jinhonne soviyat armeniyaee kamyunist paartee kee sthaapana kee, aur komintarn ke ek uchch padasth sadasy the; unakee maan, rooph (rooth bonar), ek yahoodee kamyunist kaaryakarta theen. usaka ek chhota bhaee, igor tha, jo ek kairiyar nausainik adhikaaree ban gaya. unake parivaar ke paas sestroretsk mein ek greeshmakaaleen dacha tha aur bonar kee vahaan bahut achchhee yaaden theen. 1937 mein, bonar ke pita ko enakeveedee dvaara giraphtaar kar liya gaya aur staalin ke gret parj ke hisse ke roop mein maar daala gaya; usakee maan ko kuchh dinon baad logon ke dushman kee patnee ke roop mein giraphtaar kar liya gaya, aur kazaakhastaan ke kaaraagaanda ke paas mein das saal seva kee, usake baad nau saal ka aantarik nirvaasan kiya . bonar ke 41 varsheey maama, maatevee bonar ko bhee shuddhikaran ke dauraan maar daala gaya tha, aur unakee patnee ko aantarik roop se nirvaasit kar diya gaya tha. 1953 mein staalin kee mrtyu ke baad chaaron ko doshamukt (punarvaasit) kar diya gaya. 1941 mein soviyat sangh par aakraman hone par unhonne laal sena ke aspataal ke lie svechchha se kaam kiya aur vah hed nars ban gaeen. dviteey vishv yuddh ke dauraan seva karate hue, bonar do baar ghaayal ho gae the, aur 1946 mein ek vikalaang vayovrddh ke roop mein sammaanajanak roop se chhuttee de dee gaee thee. 1947 mein bonar ko leninagraad mein chikitsa sansthaan mein chhaatr ke roop mein sveekaar kiya gaya tha. yuddh ke baad unhonne pharst leninagraad medikal insteetyoot, vartamaan mein sent peetarabarg ke pharst paavalov stet medikal yoonivarsitee se baal rog mein digree haasil kee. ​​shaadee aur bachche medikal skool mein vah apane pahale pati ivaan semenov se mileen. 1950 mein unakee ek betee, taatiyaana, aur 1956 mein ek beta, eleksee tha. usake bachche kramashah 1977 aur 1978 mein sanyukt raajy amerika chale gae. 1965 mein bonar aur semyonov alag ho gae, aur antatah unaka talaak ho gaya. aktoobar 1970 mein, kaluga mein maanavaadhikaar kaaryakartaon revolt (ivaanovich) pimenov aur boris vel ke mukadame mein bhaag lene ke dauraan, bonar ne aandreee sakhaarov, ek paramaanu bhautik vigyaanee aur maanavaadhikaar kaaryakarta se mulaakaat kee; unhonne 1972 mein shaadee kee. unake milane se ek saal pahale, 1969, sakhaarov kee patnee, klaavadiya alekseyevana vikhireva se vidhava ho gaee thee, jinase unakee do betiyaan aur ek beta tha. bonar ka janm lusik jorjeevana aleekhaanova mein marv, turkamen esesaar, yooesesaar (ab mairee, turkamenistaan) mein hua tha. unake pita, jorjee aleekhaanov (armeniyaee naam gevork aleekhaanayaan), ek armeniyaee the jinhonne soviyat armeniyaee kamyunist paartee kee sthaapana kee, aur komintarn ke ek uchch padasth sadasy the; unakee maan, rooph (rooth bonar), ek yahoodee kamyunist kaaryakarta theen. usaka ek chhota bhaee, igor tha, jo ek kairiyar nausainik adhikaaree ban gaya. unake parivaar ke paas sestroretsk mein ek greeshmakaaleen dacha tha aur bonar kee vahaan bahut achchhee yaaden theen. 1937 mein, bonar ke pita ko enakeveedee dvaara giraphtaar kar liya gaya aur staalin ke gret parj ke hisse ke roop mein maar daala gaya; usakee maan ko kuchh dinon baad logon ke dushman kee patnee ke roop mein giraphtaar kar liya gaya, aur kazaakhastaan ke kaaraagaanda ke paas gulaag mein das saal seva kee, usake baad nau saal ka aantarik nirvaasan kiya. bonar ke 41 varsheey maama, maatevee bonar ko bhee shuddhikaran ke dauraan maar daala gaya tha, aur unakee patnee ko aantarik roop se nirvaasit kar diya gaya tha. 1953 mein staalin kee mrtyu ke baad chaaron ko doshamukt (punarvaasit) kar diya gaya. 1941 mein soviyat sangh par aakraman hone par unhonne laal sena ke aspataal ke lie svechchha se kaam kiya aur vah hed nars ban gaeen. dviteey vishv yuddh ke dauraan seva karate hue, bonar do baar ghaayal ho gae the, aur 1946 mein ek vikalaang vayovrddh ke roop mein sammaanajanak roop se chhuttee de dee gaee thee. 1947 mein bonar ko leninagraad mein chikitsa sansthaan mein chhaatr ke roop mein sveekaar kiya gaya tha. yuddh ke baad unhonne pharst leninagraad medikal insteetyoot, vartamaan mein sent peetarabarg ke pharst paavalov stet medikal yoonivarsitee se baal rog mein digree haasil kee. ​​medikal skool mein vah apane pahale pati ivaan semenov se mileen. 1950 mein unakee ek betee, taatiyaana, aur 1956 mein ek beta, eleksee tha. usake bachche kramashah 1977 aur 1978 mein sanyukt raajy amerika chale gae.

## Sandarbh