open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Samar Badawi

**Samar Badawi** (janm 28 joon 1981) Saudi Arabia ke maanavaadhikaar kaaryakarta hain. usane aur usake pita ne ek doosare ke khilaaph adaalatee maamale daayar kie. badaavee ke pita ne un par saoodee arab purush sanrakshakata pranaalee ke tahat avagya ka aarop lagaaya aur usane apane pita par edahal ka aarop lagaaya- "kisee vyakti, vishesh roop se ek mahila ke lie, jo vah chaahatee hai, ya jo usaka adhikaar hai, use praapt karana kathin ya asambhav bana deta hai; jaise, usaka adhikaar shaadee karane ke lie" islaamee nyaayashaastr ke anusaar - usey shaadee karane kee anumati dene se inakaar karane ke lie. badaavee ke aarop se sambandhit kaee pareekshan tithiyon ko yaad karane ke baad, usake lie giraphtaaree vaarant jaaree kiya gaya tha, aur badaavee ko 4 aprail 2010 ko kaid kar liya gaya tha. julaee 2010 mein, jedda janaral kort ne samar badaavee ke paksh mein phaisala sunaaya, aur use 25 aktoobar 2010 ko riha kar diya gaya, aur usakee sanrakshakata ek chaacha ko hastaantarit kar dee gaee. usakee rihaee ke lie sthaaneey aur antararaashtreey samarthan abhiyaan chala tha. saoodee enajeeo hyooman raits pharst sosaitee ne badaavee kee kaid ko "apamaanajanak avaidh hiraasat" ke roop mein varnit kiya. badaavee ne 2011 ke nagarapaalika chunaavon ke lie unake panjeekaran ko asveekaar karane ke lie nagarapaalika aur graameen maamalon ke mantraalay ke khilaaph shikaayat bord ka mukadama daayar kiya. unhonne joon 2011 se niyamit roop se draiving karake aur pulis aur adaalatee prakriyaon ke saath mahila draivaron kee madad karake 2011-2012 ke mahila draiving abhiyaan mein bhaag liya. navambar 2011 mein, usane aur manaal al-shareeph ne draiving laisens ke lie unake aavedanon ko asveekaar karane ke lie saoodee arab ke yaataayaat mahaanideshaalay ke khilaaph shikaayat bord mein aarop daayar kie. 8 maarch 2012 ko, badaavee ko mahilaon ke adhikaaron mein unake yogadaan ke lie yoonaited stets dipaartament of stet dvaara ek puraskaar diya gaya tha. 2018 mein, use saoodee adhikaariyon ne phir se giraphtaar kar liya. usakee tatkaal rihaee ke lie kanaada ke anurodh ne kanaada aur saoodee arab ke beech ek bade raajanayik vivaad ko janm diya.

## Sandarbh
Ellen Atkinson

**Ellen Atkinson** (1894-1965) ek Australian aadivaasee samudaay ke neta the. viktoriya mein ichuka ke paas madovala paark mein janmee, etakinsan aur unake parivaar ko ya to kaam khojane kee aavashyakata ke kaaran, ya adhikaariyon dvaara jabaran sthaanaantarit karane ke lie majaboor kiya gaya tha. vah eesaee dharm mein parivartit ho gaee jab aadivaasee antardesheey mishan (eaeeem) ne kamaraagunja rijarv ka daura kiya, jahaan vah rah rahee thee, aur kaee varshon talak organist aur dekan jaisee bhoomikaon mein mishan kee seva kee. etakinsan ne viliyam phargyoosan, viliyam koopar, jaik paitan aur thomas shadrak jems sahit pramukh aadivaasee kaaryakartaon ka samarthan kiya aur kamaraagunja vok-oph mein hissa liya. apane jeevan ke ant mein usane antatah apane charch kee imaarat ko dekha, jise usane apane pati edavin "edee" etakinsan ke roop mein paaya, jo charch samudaay mein ek pramukh vyakti bhee tha, apane jeevan ke kaam kee parinati ko dekhane ke lie nahin raha tha. . etakinsan ke pita, elik kaimpabel, ek "ardh-jaati" eborijinal stokamain aur ek vidhur the, jinhonne apanee pahalee patnee emma jaiksan paitarasan ka peechha ganavara steshan (keraang ke paas) se korendarark talak kiya tha. jab unakee pahalee patnee kee mrtyu huee to unhonne elijaabeth brigs chaarls se shaadee kee, aur elen ka janm agast 1894 mein ichuka ke paas madovala paark mein hua tha. Ellen Atkinson ke solah bhaee-bahan the: elik kee pichhalee shaadee se saat, elijaabeth kee pichhalee shaadee se saat aur teen poorn bahanen, haalaanki ek, jemima kee janm ke samay hee mrtyu ho gaee thee. kaimpabel parivaar ka ek avyavasthit itihaas tha. elen kee maan ka janm jon brigs aur unakee "timaahee jaati kee aadivaasee" patnee luisa se hua tha. diyaan baaravik ne daava kiya ki loisa kee maan, mairee-svayan ek "aadhee jaati" aadivaasee- aur daadee, maarjoree, ko 1833 mein pvaint nepiyan se seelars dvaara apaharan kar liya gaya tha, isase pahale mairee ne jon straganel se shaadee kar lee thee, jo ek poorv chimanee sveepar tha, jise ostreliya le jaaya gaya tha. 1818 mein 17 saal kee umr mein. luisa ne 1844 mein tasmaaniya mein jon brigs se shaadee kee, aur baad mein maunt kol chalee gaeen, jahaan jon ne ek charavaahe ke roop mein viktoriya ke goldapheelds kshetr mein kaam kiya, jabaki luisa ne ek daee ke roop mein kaam kiya.

## Sandarbh
Ángela Auad

**Ángela Auad** (pharavaree 1945 ko jujuy, arjenteena mein janm; "gaayab ho gaya" 17 ya 18 disambar, 1977) arjenteena ke ek saamaajik kaaryakarta the. maarksavaadee-leninavaadee kamyunist paartee (paartido komunista maarksista leninista) kee ek sadasy, unhonne dartee vor ke dauraan "gaayab" hone vaalon ka pata lagaane ke lie plaaja de meyo (maidres dee plaaja de meyo) kee maataon ke saath kaam kiya. usakee sakriyata ke kaaran, usaka apaharan kar liya gaya, prataadit kiya gaya aur usakee hatya kar dee gaee. aud ko pahalee baar tab giraphtaar kiya gaya tha jab vah tukumaan mein ek kolej kee chhaatra thee; unhen 1975 ke madhy mein riha kar diya gaya tha. 1976 mein, unake pati robarto jenovs ko chaako praant mein kaid kar liya gaya tha. is vajah se, aud raajaneetik kaaranon se un gaayab aur hiraasat mein lie gae rishtedaaron ke sampark mein aaya (parichiton dee desaaperesidos vaee ditenidos por rezons politikaas) aur plaaja de meyo kee maataon, jo apane bachchon ko khojane kee maang kar rahe the. guruvaar, 8 disambar aur shanivaar, 10 disambar, 1977 ke beech, alphredo estiz kee kamaan ke tahat sainikon ke ek samooh ne plaaja de meyo kee maataon se jude baarah logon ke ek samooh ka apaharan kar liya. unamen se sansthaapak maataon ke saath enjela aud bhee theen. plaaja de meyo azusena vilaaphlor, esthar bailestrino aur maariya pons kee maataon aur phraanseesee nan elis doman aur liyonee dukvet kee. enjela ko 8 disambar ko byoonas aayars shahar ke sain kristobal pados mein sthit saantaakrooj charch mein adhikaansh samooh ke saath apaharan kar liya gaya tha, jahaan ve milate the. use arjenteena kee nausena ke niyantran mein nevee petee-ophisars skool oph maikeniks (eskuela supeeriyar dee mekaanika de la aarmada, eeeseme) mein sthit gupt hiraasat kendr mein le jaaya gaya, jahaan use "kaipucha" naamak kshetr mein rakha gaya tha. vah lagabhag das dinon tak vahaan rahee, is dauraan use lagaataar prataadit kiya gaya.

## Sandarbh

[vibhag:Argentina ke log]]
Joan Baez

**Joan Baez** (/ baɪz/; janm 9 janavaree 1941) ek amerikee gaayak, geetakaar, sangeetakaar aur kaaryakarta hain. Unake samakaaleen lok sangeet mein aksar virodh aur saamaajik nyaay ke geet shaamil hote hain. Joan Baez ne 60 se adhik varshon tak saarvajanik roop se pradarshan kiya hai, 30 se adhik elbam jaaree kie hain. Spannish aur angrejee mein dhaaraapravaah, usane kam se kam chhah any bhaashaon mein gaane rikord kie hain. Joan Baez ko aam taur par ek lok gaayak ke roop mein maana jaata hai, lekin 1960 ke dashak ke kauntarakalchar yug ke baad se unake sangeet mein vividhata aaee hai aur isamen lok rok, pop, desh aur susamaachaar sangeet jaisee shailiyon ko shaamil kiya gaya hai. unhonne 1960 mein apane rikording kariyar kee shuruaat kee aur turant saphalata haasil kee. usake pahale teen elbam, jon bej, jon bej, volyoom. 2 aur konsart mein jon bej, sabhee ne svarn rikord ka darja haasil kiya. haalaanki khud ek geetakaar, baij aam taur par any sangeetakaaron ke kaam kee vyaakhya karate hain, jinhonne olamain bradars baind, beetals, jaiksan braun, liyonaard kohen, vudee gutharee, vaayalet paara, da roling stons, peet seegar, pol saiman dvaara gaane rikord kie hain. steevee vandar, bob maarle, aur kaee any. vah 1960 ke dashak kee shuruaat mein bob daayalan ke geeton ko rikord karane vaalee pahalee pramukh kalaakaaron mein se ek theen; bej pahale se hee ek antararaashtreey star par prasiddh kalaakaar the aur unhonne apane shuruaatee geet lekhan prayaason ko lokapriy banaane ke lie bahut kuchh kiya. apane baad ke elbamon mein unhen rayaan edams, josh ritar, steev arle, nataalee marchent aur jo henaree sahit haal ke geetakaaron ke kaam kee vyaakhya karane mein saphalata milee hai. baij ke prashansit geeton mein "daayamands end rast" aur phil och ke "der bat phor phorchyoon" aur da baind ke "da nait de drov old diksee daun" ke kavar shaamil hain. vah "pheyaravel, enjeleena", "lav ij jast e phor-letar vard", "phorevar yang", "hiyar too yoo", "jo hil", "sveet sar galaahad" aur "vee shail ovarakam" ke lie bhee jaanee jaatee hain. Joan Baez ne 1969 ke vudastok phestival mein chaudah geeton ka pradarshan kiya aur ahinsa, naagarik adhikaaron, maanavaadhikaaron aur paryaavaran ke kshetr mein raajaneetik aur saamaajik sakriyata ke prati aajeevan pratibaddhata pradarshit kee. bej ko 7 aprail, 2017 ko rok end rol hol oph fem mein shaamil kiya gaya tha.

## Sandarbh
Zarema Bagavutdinova

**Zarema Bagavutdinova** (janm 1968) daagestaan kshetreey maanavaadhikaar samooh, "pravozaashachita" ya "maanavaadhikaar raksha" kee sadasy theen. daagistaan ke. Usey paanch saal kee kaid kee saja sunaee gaee thee. saakshy ke roop mein prastut kie gae virodhaabhaasee tathyon aur bhautik saakshy kee kamee ka havaala dete hue, bagaavutadeenova ko kaee gair sarakaaree sangathanon dvaara ek raajaneetik kaidee naamit kiya gaya hai. maanavaadhikaar samoohon ne dhyaan diya ki bagaavutadeenova ne apanee giraphtaaree se pahale roosee suraksha sevaon ke baare mein kaee aalochanaatmak tippaniyaan kee theen. Daagistaan ke uttaree kaakeshas kshetr mein darjanon jaateey samooh aur bhaashaen hain. Yah islaamee soophiyon, jo raajy ko maanyata dete hain, aur salaaphee, jo dharmanirapeksh shaasan ko asveekaar karate hain, ke beech sangharshon se grast raha hai. Is sangharsh ne daagestaan ko uttaree kaakeshas ganaraajyon mein hinsa ke uchchatam star par pahuncha diya hai. Roosee aantarik mantraalay ne kaha ki 2013 mein uttaree kaakeshas mein 399 aatankavaadee aparaadhon mein se 242 daagistaan mein the. Pravojaashachita ke saath bagaavutadeenova ke kaam ne salaaphee kaaranon se sambandhit maanavaadhikaaron kee chintaon ka dastaavejeekaran aur prachaar kiya. samooh ko nigaraanee mein rakha gaya tha aur samooh ke kuchh sadasyon kee talaashee lee gaee thee. Daagestaanee pulis balon ne aarop lagaaya ki bagaavutadeenova ne "byunaask jamaat ke sakriy sadasyon ke saath ghanishth sambandh aur maitree sambandh banae rakha, sakriy roop se islaam ke salaaphee pravrtti ke prachaar mein lage hue the, jise vahaabavaad ke roop mein jaana jaata tha, aur isamen shaamil hone ke lie vyaktiyon kee bhartee mein shaamil tha."

## Sandarbh
Fanny Balbuk

**Fanny Balbuk** (1840-1907) svaan nadee kolonee ke shuruaatee varshon ke dauraan parth, pashchimee ostreliya mein rahane vaalee ek pramukh vaadajuk noongar mahila theen. phainee baalabuk (kabhee-kabhee "yoorel" ke roop mein darj) ka janm hans nadee mein herisan dveep par hua tha aur usake desh mein vartamaan mein parth relave steshan aur parth saanskrtik kendr ke kabje vaale kshetr mein daladal aur aardrabhoomi shaamil hain. unhen bhoomi adhikaaron ke prati unakee ghor pratibaddhata aur noongar logon kee bhoomi, bhaasha aur jeevan kee keemat par kolonee ke vistaar ke roop mein unakee bhoomi ko badalane vaalee imaaraton, baadon aur gharon ke prati unakee pratikriyaon ke lie yaad kiya jaata hai. Fanny Balbuk ka janm vaadajuk desh mein kaary-maarg ke paas hua tha, aur vah parth ke aasapaas ke daladalee kshetron se gilgee aur sabjiyaan ekatr karata tha. vah yelagonga kee vanshaj theen aur unaka paaramparik desh parth kendreey vyaapaar jila kshetr ko kavar karata hai. Fanny Balbuk un upaniveshavaadiyon mein achchhee tarah se jaana jaata tha jo usake aasapaas pale-badhe the. chhotee umr mein usane northam, moor nadee aur dandaraagan jaisee jagahon kee yaatra kee thee, aur ek dostee samaaroh mein bhaag liya tha jahaan use moor nadee par yoorel naam diya gaya tha. unhen pashchimee ostreliya mein seemaavartee yuddhon ke shuruaatee dinon mein apane bhoomi adhikaaron ko banae rakhane ke lie unakee atoot pratibaddhata ke lie yaad kiya gaya tha. Fanny Balbuk apane janm sthal aur relave steshan ke beech traik par chalata tha, chaahe koee bhee naee baadha, bhavan ya baad jo kolonee ke badhane ke saath-saath usake raaste mein aa jae. Dezee bets ne khud likha tha "unakee pasandeeda jhunjhalaahat mein se ek gavarnament haus ke dvaar par khada hona tha, jo sabhee ke bheetar rahate the, jisamen ek santaree dvaara sanrakshit patthar ke phaatakon ne usakee daadee kee kabragaah ko gher liya tha." Noongar ke bade noel nannup ek aisee hee kahaanee bataate hain: "vah unakee geet rekha thee, unaka sapana tha. vah bas chalatee rahee aur nae shahar ke oopar jaane ka koee notis nahin liya. yah avagya aur drdh sankalp kee kahaanee hai."

## Sandarbh
Anna Baltzer

**Anna Baltzer** (janam 1979) ek American saarvajanik vakta, lekhak aur filisteenee maanavaadhikaaron ke lie kaaryakarta hain. Colombia se snaatak hone ke baad, baaltazar ne 2003 mein ankaara, turkee mein angrejee padhaane ke lie phulabrait anudaan par madhy poorv kee yaatra kee. Tab se, unhonne maanavaadhikaaron ke hanan aur ahinsak pratirodh ka samarthan karane ke lie antarraashtreey mahila shaanti seva ke lie ek svayansevak ke roop mein vest baink kee yaatra kee hai. unake prakaashanon ne antarraashtreey mahila shaanti seva ke lie vest baink mein asainament ke dauraan philisteenee jeevan sthitiyon ka dastaavejeekaran kiya hai. 2005 kee garmiyon ke baad se, vah ek prastuti ke saath sanyukt raajy amerika aur videshon mein daura kar rahee hai aur vest baink mein maanavaadhikaaron ke ullanghan ke dastaavejeekaran ke aath maheenon ke apane anubhavon, tippaniyon aur tasveeron ka varnan karate hue ek kitaab (philisteen mein gavaah) likhee hai. baaltazar kee pustak kee nom chomskee kee sameeksha mein kaha gaya hai, "yahaan tak ​​​​ki jo log kabje vaale kshetron kee gambheer vaastavikata se parichit hain, ve jaldee se ek aisee duniya mein aa jaenge, jisakee unhonne in jvalant, gambheer roop se eemaanadaar, teevr roop se teevr chitranon dvaara mushkil se kalpana kee thee", jabaki taanya renahaart lekhak "rodamaip too novheyar" ise "mooving end vivid" kahate hain. sent luis vishvavidyaalay aur vebastar vishvavidyaalay ke shikshak aur "elee vizel end da politiks of moral leedaraship" ke lekhak maark chameel ne bhee baaltazar kee pustak ke baare mein likha hai. 28 aktoobar 2009 ko, mustapha baraghautee ke saath, jon steevart ke saath da delee sho mein baaltazar ek atithi the.

## References
Faith Bandler

**Faith Bandler** (27 sitambar 1918 - 13 pharavaree 2015) South Sea Icelander aur Skotish-Bhaarateey viraasat ke ek ostreliyaee naagarik adhikaar kaaryakarta the. svadeshee aastreliyaee aur dakshin saagar dveepavaasiyon ke adhikaaron ke lie ek prachaarak, vah 1967 ke aadivaasee aastreliyaee janamat sangrah ke abhiyaan mein apane netrtv ke lie jaanee jaatee theen. baindalar ka janm nyoo sauth vels ke tambulagam mein hua tha aur unaka paalan-poshan muravilumba ke paas ek khet mein hua tha. baidik aur lesing musingakon ke bete, unake pita vaakvee musingakon ko 1883 mein, embreem dveep par, jo ab vaanuatu hai, ek ladake ke roop mein, 13 saal kee umr mein, baayap se blaikabard kiya gaya tha. usake baad unhen maike, kveensalaind bheja gaya tha. ganna baagaan mein kaam karane ke lie bheja gaya. baad mein vah bach nikala aur nyoo sauth vels kee ek skotish-bhaarateey mahila baindalar kee maan se shaadee kar lee. musingakon ka apaharan blaikabarding ka hissa tha, is pratha ne ostreliyaee cheenee udyog ko sthaapit karane mein madad karane ke lie saste shram lae. baad mein unhen peetar musing ke roop mein jaana gaya, jo ek lete hue upadeshak the aur unhonne muravilumba ke baahar kele ke baagaan mein kaam kiya. jab baindalar paanch varsh ke the, tab unakee mrtyu ho gaee. Faith Bandler ne daas majadoor ke roop mein apane pita ke kathor anubhav kee kahaaniyon ko unakee sakriyata ke lie ek majaboot prerana ke roop mein uddhrt kiya. 1934 mein, baindalar ne skool chhod diya aur sidanee chalee gaeen, jahaan unhonne ek dresamekar ke prashikshu ke roop mein kaam kiya.

## Sandarbh
Mary Barbour

**Mary Barbour** (20 pharavaree 1875 - 2 aprail 1958) ek Scotish raajaneetik kaaryakarta, sthaaneey paarshad, belee aur majistret theen. baarbar 20veen sadee kee shuruaat mein red klaidasaid aandolan se aur vishesh roop se govan kee mahilaon ke mukhy aayojak ke roop mein unakee bhoomika ke lie juda hua tha, jinhonne 1915 kee kirae kee hadataal mein bhaag liya tha. Mary Barbour ka janm 20 pharavaree 1875 ko 37 nyoo street, kilabarachan mein jeen gevin aur ek hathakaragha kaaleen bunakar jems raph ke ghar hua tha. vah saat bachchon mein se teesaree thee. chaudah saal kee umr tak baarabor ne skool mein padhaee kee. 1887 mein, parivaar eldaraslee gaanv mein chala gaya aur baarabor ne thred tvistar ke roop mein kaam kiya, antatah ek kaaleen printar ban gaya. 28 agast 1896 ko mairee raph ne injeeniyar devid baarabor (2 maee 1873 - 13 navambar 1957) se vaales ples, eldarsalee mein shaadee kee. 1901 kee janaganana tak, dampati govan mein 5 maikaliyod street par bas gae the, jahaan ve apane bete jems ke saath rahate the. 1911 kee janaganana tak, parivaar, jisamen ek aur beta, viliyam bhee shaamil tha, 43 yoore street (ab ust street) mein aa gaya tha. 1933 mein baarabor glaasago ke dramoyane mein 34 kromadel street par ek kaunsil haus mein chale gae, jahaan vah apanee mrtyu tak raheen. pati devid ke 83 varsh kee aayu mein dakshinee janaral aspataal, glaasago mein baarabor kee mrtyu ho gaee, aur usaka antim sanskaar govan ke paas kaardonaald mein kregatan shmashaan mein hua. baarabor pahalee baar raajaneetik roop se sakriy hue, kining paark ko-oparetiv gild mein shaamil hue aur sakriy sadasy bane. baarabor kee raajaneetik sakriyata 1915 ke glaasago rent straik ke dauraan dakshin govan mahila hausing esosieshan ka netrtv karane ke lie shuroo huee, jab usane sakriy roop se kiraayedaar samitiyon aur bedakhalee ke pratirodh ka aayojan kiya. pradarshanakaariyon ko "shreematee baarabor kee sena" ke roop mein jaana jaane laga, aur isamen egnes dolan, helen krophard, mairee laiyard aur mairee jeph shaamil the.

## Sandarbh
Grace Bardsley

**Grace Bardsley** (1920-1972) ek Australian aadivaasee adhikaar kaaryakarta aur raajaneetik kaaryakarta theen. vah eborijinal-ostreliyan pheloship (aaf) kee sansthaapak sadasy aur eborijins edavaansament leeg (aal) kee sadasy theen. unhonne mukhy roop se sidanee kshetr mein aatmasaat karane kee samasyaon ko kavar karane vaalee ek pustak eborijins end da lo likhee. gres baardasle eborijinal phand kee sthaapana eeeph dvaara unake naam par phand prakaashanon aur any aadivaasee adhikaaron ke samarthan vaalee pariyojanaon kee sahaayata ke lie kee gaee thee. baardasle ka janm 1920 mein hua tha. unhonne uttaree kshetr mein uttaree ostreliya varkars yooniyan (enedablyooyoo) ke lie ek peshevar taipist aur sachiv ke roop mein kaam kiya. 1941 mein vah ostreliya kee kamyunist paartee kee sadasy ban gaeen, lekin 1950 ke dashak mein jab unhonne staalinavaad kee ninda kee to ve alag-thalag pad gaeen. kamyunist paartee chhodakar sidanee jaane ke baad. baardasle saamaajik nyaay aur shaanti ke lie pratibaddh kaee sangathanon par sakriy raha. 1943 mein baarsle ne aadivaasee kaaryakarta parl gibs se mulaakaat kee, jo eborijins progresiv esosieshan (epeee) ke sadasy the, jinhonne eborijinal naagarikata adhikaaron ke lie abhiyaan chalaaya tha. GIBS ne baarsle ko aadivaasee utpeedan aur gareebee ke saamaajik aur nasleey sandarbh se parichit karaaya, aur jab gibs ne epeee ke lie svayansevee taipiston ko bulaaya, to baarsle saharsh sahamat ho gae. 1950 ke dashak mein, shaanti aur saamaajik nyaay ke lie samarpit sangathanon ke lie svayanseva karate hue, baardasle ne sidanee timbar kampanee ke prabandh nideshak ke nijee sachiv ke roop mein poornakaalik roop se kaam karana jaaree rakha. 1956 mein baardasle ne parl gibs, bart grovs aur pheth baindalar ke saath eborijinal ostreliyan pheloship ka gathan kiya, jise 1957 mein ek chairitee ke roop mein panjeekrt kiya gaya tha. sidanee morning heraald ke anusaar phailoship ka lakshy aadivaasiyon aur yooropeey aastreliyaee logon ke beech behatar samajh ko badhaava dena tha. 1959 ke ant mein baardasle ne len aur mona phoks ke saath nyoo sauth vels ke uttaree tat kee yaatra kee aur door ke bhandaar ka daura kiya aur mishan aur bhandaar se aadivaasee logon se mulaakaat kee. unhonne aadivaasiyon ko sharaab virodhee khand ko nirast karane ke lie ek yaachika par hastaakshar karane ke lie protsaahit kiya jisane aadivaasee logon ko doosaron ke saath svatantr roop se ghulane-milane mein hastakshep kiya. 1950 ke dashak ke ant mein, baardasle ne helan paamar aur odre jonasan ke saath paakshik samaajavaadee samaachaar patr aautaluk ke sampaadan aur nirmaan par kaam karana shuroo kiya jo 1970 tak prakaashit hua tha. baardasle ko vyaktigat aadivaasiyon ke vyaavahaarik samarthan ke lie jaana jaata tha, arthaat unhonne apanee shiksha samaapt karane aur apanee pahalee naukaree khojane ke lie aadivaasee mahila joyas klaig ka samarthan kiya. Grace Bardsley ne klaig ko samitiyon ke bheetar sakriyata mein kushal banane ke lie bhee protsaahit kiya.

## Sandarbh
Line Bareiro

**Line Bareiro** (asunasiyan, 30 agast, 1950) ek paraaguaayan vakeel, raajaneetik vaigyaanik aur maanavaadhikaar visheshagy hain. 2011 aur 2014 ke beech, vah bhedabhaav ke unmoolan ke lie samiti ko ekeekrt karane vaalee pahalee paraaguaayan theen. sanyukt raashtr sangathan kee mahilaon ke khilaaph, mahilaon ke khilaaph bhedabhaav ke sabhee roopon ke unmoolan par sammelan kee nigaraanee ke lie jimmedaar tantr (angrejee mein isake sankshipt roop ke lie). lain barero neshanal yoonivarsitee oph asunasiyan se vakeel hain aur jarmanee ke sangheey ganaraajy mein heedalabarg vishvavidyaalay se maastar aartiyam hain. raashtreey aur antarraashtreey star par, vah ek akaadamika aur naareevaadee kaaryakarta ke roop mein saamane aatee hain, jinhen maanavaadhikaaron, lokatantr, bhedabhaav aur laingik samaanata mein unakee visheshagyata ke lie pahachaana jaata hai. vah saanskrtik kshetr, naagarik bhaageedaaree aur gyaan utpaadan se jude mahatvapoorn sangathanon kee sah-sansthaapak rahee hain. vah paraaguaayan mahila samanvay, maarkosur naareevaadee abhivyakti, paraaguaayan maanavaadhikaar samanvayak (chodaihupy) jaise netavark kee sadasy hain; paraagve ke sabhee prakaar ke bhedabhaav ke khilaaph netavark, aur raajaneetik vaigyaanikon ka netavark #nosinmujairais. unhonne ek shodhakarta, vyaakhyaata aur shikshak ke roop mein akaadamik kshetr mein mahatvapoorn yogadaan diya. vah sentar phor haayar yoonivarsitee stadeej oph yoonivarsidaid meyar dee sain simon dee kochaabamba (boleeviya) mein jendar maastar digree kee prophesar theen; kosta rika vishvavidyaalay se, sain endres dee la paaz (boleeviya) vishvavidyaalay se; maidrid (spen) ke komplootens yoonivarsitee ke komplootens insteetyoot oph intaraneshanal stadeej (aaeeseeeeaee) aur nikaaraagua ke sentral amerikan yoonivarsitee se. unhonne chaidaw ke vaikalpik protokol ke madhy amerika mein anusamarthan ke lie pahal ke intar-amerikan insteetyoot oph hyooman raits (iidh) ke samanvayak ke roop mein bhee kaam kiya; vah chilee vishvavidyaalay ke maanavaadhikaar kendr mein mahila maanavaadhikaar paathyakram ke akaadamik staaph ka hissa theen; aur sain jos (kosta rika) mein intar-amerikan insteetyoot oph hyooman raits ke maanav adhikaaron par antahvishay paathyakram. unhonne kaee prakaashan kie hain, jinamen kitaaben, patrikaen, vishesh lekh aur unaka apana blog shaamil hai. kaee bhedabhaavon aur asamaanataon ke pratichchhedan ke lie drshtikon unake sabase praasangik saiddhaantik yogadaanon mein se ek hai. unhonne raashtreey aur mein kaee sevaen bhee dee hain. unakee visheshata ke vishay, aur chilee, kosta rika, paraagve aur urugve jaise vibhinn deshon ke lie saarvajanik samaanata neetiyon ke nirmaan mein kaam kiya hai. unake kariyar mein, maanavaadhikaaron ke kshetr mein antarraashtreey manchon mein kaee pratinidhitv saamane aae, jisamen pairaagve ke aadhikaarik pratinidhimandal mein cheen mein mahilaon par iv vishv sammelan mein unakee bhaageedaaree shaamil hai.

## Sandarbh
Alicia Baro

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**Alicia Baro** (1 agast, 1918-janavaree 2, 2012) ek maanavaadhikaar kaaryakarta theen, jinhonne raajaneetik pratinidhitv badhaane aur hispainik mahilaon aur any alpasankhyakon ke lie shaikshik avasaron mein sudhaar karane ke lie kaam kiya. 2014 mein unake sammaan mein miyaamee kee ek sadak ka naam rakha gaya tha. baaro ka janm sain lorenjo, pyoorto riko mein hua tha aur unaka paalan-poshan nyooyork shahar mein hua tha. Unhonne 1940 mein hantar kolej se shiksha mein snaatak kee digree haasil kee. Alicia Baro 1950 ke dashak mein apane parivaar ke saath miyaamee, florida mein sthaanaantarit ho gaee. Alicia Baro pyoorto rikaan demokrets organaijeshan, neshanal konphrens oph pyoorto rikaan veemen (nachoprw) ke miyaamee chaiptar, hispainik amerikee mahilaon ke gathabandhan aur dakshin phlorida ke mahila chaimbar oph komars ke sansthaapak sadasy the. Alicia Baro miyaamee heraald spirit oph ekseelens puraskaar, aspir sangathan ke laiphataim acheevament avaard aur pyoorto riko vishvavidyaalay se maanad doktaret ke praaptakarta the. Alicia Baro phlorida kaangres ke pratinidhimandal ke 18ven jile aur miyaamee shahar se vishisht seva puraskaar praapt hue.1995 mein, nachoprw ne vaarshik elisiya baaro acheevament avaard kee sthaapana kee. Alicia Baro ka 93 varsh kee aayu mein 2 janavaree 2012 ko nidhan ho gaya. 2014 mein, miyaamee kee ek sadak ko unake sammaan mein "do. elisiya es. baaro ve" naam diya gaya tha. Alicia Baro ko mairee endarasan kee pustak, jooliyaaj dotars: voomen in daids histree mein chitrit kiya gaya hai.

## Sandarbh
Dora Barrancos

**Dora Barrancos** (janm 15 agast 1940) ek arjenteena shodhakarta, samaajashaastree, itihaasakaar, naareevaadee aur raajaneetigy hain. vah vartamaan mein byoonas aayars shahar ke lie ek raashtreey seenetar-chunaav hae. vah maee 2019 talak raashtreey vaigyaanik aur takaneekee anusandhaan parishad (chonichait) ke nideshak mandal ka hissa theen, jab unhonne sansthaan ko buree tarah prabhaavit karane vaale bajat mein kamee ke virodh mein isteepha de diya. dora bairenkos ka janm 15 agast 1940 ko jaisinto aruz mein hua tha. usake pita ek shikshak aur skool nideshak the, aur usakee maan - upanaam bonajor - ek grhinee thee. parivaar la pampa praant se byoonas aayars praant mein chala gaya, aur dora ne laaprida shahar mein haee skool mein padhaee kee. sitambar 1955 mein, juaan peron kee sanvaidhaanik sarakaar ko ukhaad phenkane aur ek sainy taanaashaahee, sv-ghoshit revolusiyan libartaadora kee shuruaat karate hue, ek takhtaapalat hua. 1957 mein, dor barranchos ne byoonas aayars vishvavidyaalay ke lo skool mein daakhila liya. un varshon mein vah "avant-gaarde samaajavaad" mein sakriy theen. haalaanki, vah nyaayavaadee paartee ke paas pahunchee, aur peronist yooth mein shaamil ho gaeen. 1960 mein, unake pita kee mrtyu ho gaee, aur unhen apane parivaar ka samarthan karane ke lie ek shikshak ke roop mein kaam karana shuroo karana pada. unhonne kaanoon ka adhyayan chhod diya aur yoobeee ke darshanashaastr aur patr sankaay mein samaajashaastr mein chale gae. 1968 mein, unhonne samaajashaastr mein ek laisensadhaaree ke saath snaatak kee upaadhi praapt kee. 24 maarch 1976 ke takhtaapalat ke baad isaabel peron kee sanvaidhaanik sarakaar ko ukhaad phenka, bairenkos ne turant vyaapak chikitsa dhyaan kaaryakram (pami) mein samaajashaastree ke roop mein apanee naukaree kho dee. naagarik-sainy taanaashaahee ke tahat, use maut kee dhamakee milee, aur usake kaee sahapaathiyon aur saathee shikshakon ne "gaayab" hona shuroo kar diya. haalaanki, vah nirvaasan mein nahin ja sakee kyonki usakee pahalee shaadee se usakee do bahut chhotee betiyaan theen, aur use ladakiyon ke saath yaatra karane kee anumati dene ke lie ek nyaayaadheesh ke phaisale kee prateeksha karanee padee. maee 1977 mein, ek mitr ne use bataaya ki ek peronist yuva sahayogee ka lagabhag teen dinon talak apaharan kiya gaya tha, use prataadit kiya gaya tha, aur nakalee nishpaadan ke adheen kiya gaya tha. jab use riha kiya gaya, to vah ek chetaavanee bhejane mein kaamayaab rahee ki usane poochhataachh mein spasht roop se bairainkos ka ullekh kiya tha. us din, bairenkos aur unake doosare pati eduaardo ne ladakiyon ko unake pita kee dekharekh mein chhodane aur braajeel ke belo horizonte hissa jaane ka phaisala kiya, jahaan unake parichit the. vahaan, bairainkos naareevaadee aandolan aur any saamaajik aandolanon ke sampark mein aaya jo taanaashaahee ke khilaaph tainaat the. phraanseesee daarshanik mishel phaukolt ke saath unaka pahala sampark bhee tha, aur unhonne itihaasalekhan ke kshetr mein pravesh kiya.

## Sandarbh
Iris Yassmin Barrios Aguilar

**Iris Yassmin Barrios Aguilar** (1962) gvaatemaala mein ek vakeel, nyaayaadheesh aur sarvochch jokhim pratham nyaayaalay a ke adhyaksh hae. bairiyos ne maariyaano gailvez vishvavidyaalay se kaanoon mein doktaret kee upaadhi praapt kee hae. unhonne pratiyogita se nyaayapaalika mein pravesh kiya. vah bees varshon talak aaparaadhik saja kee nyaayaadheesh rahii hain aur gvaatemaala mein sarvochch jokhim vaale pahale nyaayaalay kee adhyaksh hae. unhonne sena se jude kaee maamalon ka pareekshan kiya hae: gvaatemaala ko vitarit karane ke baad monasignor juaan jeraardee kee hatya: phir kabhee riport nahin; 1990 mein sena ke haathon ek maanavavigyaanee kee hatya, ya sepur zaarako phaarm par sainikon dvaara svadeshee mahilaon ko yaun daas banaane ka maamala. vah gvaatemaala ke poorv taanaashaah ephren riyos mont ke maamale mein nyaayaadheesh theen. us mukadame mein, mont ko may iksil svadeshee logon ke narasanhaar ka doshee paaya gaya tha. yah pahalee baar tha ki kisee raashtreey adaalat ne saabit kiya ki kisee raashtraadhyaksh ne apane desh mein narasanhaar kiya tha, jisane isee tarah ke any maamalon ke lie ek antararaashtreey misaal kaayam kee. phir bhee, 20 maee, 2013 ko, gvaatemaala ke sanvaidhaanik nyaayaalay ne saja ko radd kar diya, prakriya ko 19 aprail ko vaapas kar diya aur aadesh diya ki us bindu par pareekshan phir se shuroo kiya jae, yah dekhate hue ki adaalat ne us samay uthaee gaee chunautee ka samaadhaan nahin kiya. isake do sadasy hain, isalie aayojit sabhee nyaayik kaaryavaahee doharaee jaanee chaahie. 4 aprail 2014 se, use ek saal ke lie nilambit kar diya gaya hae, kyonki usake khilaaph epharen riyos mont se jude ek vakeel dvaara shikaayat kee gaee thee. bairiyos eguilar ne ek apeel daayar kee. bairiyos ko antarraashtreey mahila saahas puraskaar 2014. dvaara maanyata dee gaee thee 2013 mein, unhen Spanish vakeelon kee janaral kaunsil se 2013 ka maanavaadhikaar puraskaar mila aur 2015 mein, bainko indastriyal ke sthaayee naagarik kaaryakram ne unhen unake kariyar ke lie shraddhaanjali dee. unhen 2015 mein naagarik saahas ke lie tren phaundeshan puraskaar se sammaanit kiya gaya tha.

## Sandarbh
Kat Banyard

**Kat Banyard** (janm 1982) ek British lekhak aur yaun asamaanata ke khilaaph kaaryakarta hain. vah yooke pheminista kee sah-sansthaapak aur nideshak hain, ek naareevaadee dabaav samooh jisake abhiyaanon mein looz da laids maigs shaamil hain, aur naareevaadee vishayon par do pustakon kee lekhika hain. vah naareevaadee vishayon par charcha karate hue yooke ke teleevijan chainalon par bhee dikhaee dee hain. Kat Banyard ka kaam pasand naareevaad, saundary udyog aur seks udyog kee aalochana karata hai, jise vah "vyaavasaayik yaun shoshan" ke roop mein varnit karatee hai. 2010 mein, da gaarjiyan ke lie lekhan karate hue kira kokren ne banayaard ko "yooke kee sabase prabhaavashaalee yuva naareevaadee" kaha. shefeeld mein vishvavidyaalay mein rahate hue, 2004 mein, banyard ne faim sammelanon kee sthaapana kee, ek sammelan jise laingik samaanata par kaam karane vaale kaee abhiyaan samoohon aur kaaryakartaon ko ek saath laane ke lie dizain kiya gaya tha, saath hee saath logon ko laingik bhedabhaav ke baare mein shikshit karane ke lie. da objarvar ke saath ek prophail mein, banayaard ne kaha ki usane sammelan kee sthaapana isalie kee kyonki vah "prerit hone ke lie kaheen jaane mein saksham hona chaahatee thee aur aisa kuchh nahin tha". Kat Banyard ne phoset sosaitee mein 2010 tak abhiyaan adhikaaree ke roop mein kaam kiya. 2010 mein banyard ne yooke pheminista kee sthaapana kee. Kat Banyard kee pahalee pustak, da ikvelitee ilyoojan: da truth abaut veemen end men tude 2010 mein prakaashit huee thee. Observer ne ek aalochanaatmak sameeksha prakaashit kee, jisamen tark diya gaya ki jabaki isakee vishay vastu mahatvapoorn hai, yah pustak kharaab likhee gaee hai aur mahilaon ko shishu banaatee hai. unakee doosaree kitaab, pimp stet: seks, manee end da phyoochar oph ikvelitee, 2016 mein prakaashit huee thee. pimp stet ka maanana ​​​​hai ki veshyaavrtti ke saamaany hone ka khatara hai, aur is vichaar kee aalochana karata hai ki yaun samaanata aur seks udyog sah-astitv mein ho sakate hain. nyoo stetsamain mein helen luees aur gaarjiyan mein saara ditam dvaara pustak kee sakaaraatmak sameeksha kee gaee. fainenshiyal taims ne pustak ka varnan "chhidrapoorn aur havaadaar dhang se likhee gaee" ke roop mein kiya hai. Shaarlot shen ne da spektetar mein ek aalochanaatmak sameeksha likhee, jisamen daava kiya gaya ki pustak un logon ke vichaaron ko galat tareeke se prastut karatee hai jo seks udyog ke aparaadheekaran ka samarthan karate hain aur seks bechane vaalee mahilaon ke drshtikon ko baahar karate hain.

## Sandarbh
Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette

**Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette** (janm 1979) ek Canada ke upanyaasakaar, philm nirdeshak aur kyoobek ke patakatha lekhak hain. unakee philmen unake "jaivik, sahabhaagee anubhav" ke lie jaanee jaatee hain. Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette philm nirmaata mainan baarabyoo aur chhaayaakaar philip lavalet kee betee hain, aur kalaakaar maarsel baarabyoo kee potee hain. mool roop se ek baal kalaakaar ke roop mein pramukh, unake kredit mein shrrnkhala le klab des 100 vaats aur noos dyooks shaamil hain! Baad mein unhonne les petits prinses des bidonavils (2000), byoonas aayars, no lores (2001) aur see javais an chapeu (2005), sahit apanee pahalee pheechar philm, da ring, 2007 mein, 2010 mein, unhonne je vaudrais kvon emefes (nebarahud voch ke roop mein anuvaadit) bhee prakaashit kiya, ek upanyaas jo da ring ke samaan paatron mein se kuchh ke ird-gird ghoomata hai. 2015 mein, unakee daadee, kalaakaar suzain meloche ke jeevan se prerit unake doosare upanyaas, la feme kyooee fut (suzain ke roop mein anuvaadit) ko phrench bhaasha ke upanyaas ke lie 2016 ke gavarnar janaral ke puraskaar ke lie short-list kiya gaya tha. any puraskaaron kee sankhya aur best-selar hone ke naate. Anaïs Barbeau-Lavalette ko unakee puraskaar vijeta 2012 kee philm inchallaah ke lie antararaashtreey darshakon ke lie sabase achchhee tarah se jaana jaata hai.

## Sandarbh
Diane Barwick

**Diane Barwick** (29 aprail 1938 - 4 aprail 1986) kanaada mein janme maanavavigyaanee, itihaasakaar aur aadivaasee-adhikaar kaaryakarta the. vah ostreliyaee aadivaasee sanskrti aur samaaj ke kshetr mein ek prasiddh shodhakarta aur shikshika bhee theen. baaravik ka janm 29 aprail 1938 ko vainkoovar, british kolambiya, kanaada mein hua tha. unake pita ronaald barnaard maikecharn the, jo ek van kaaryakarta, uchch rigar aur kaimp mainejar the, jinaka upanaam beyar traiks tha, aur unakee maan beetrais rozamand, nee ophlin theen. baaravik ne 1959 mein sammaan ke saath snaatak kee upaadhi praapt karate hue british kolambiya vishvavidyaalay mein bhaag liya. unakee snaatak theesis, da loging kaimp aiz sab-kalchar, engalavud vailee ke logars ke upasanskrti par kendrit thee aur kaee loging kaimpon mein aayojit pheeldavark par aadhaarit thee. yah snaatak hone ke baad, unhonne british kolambiya ke viktoriya mein praakrtik itihaas aur maanav vigyaan ke praanteey sangrahaalay mein kaam karate hue ek varsh bitaaya. 1960 mein, vah ostreliya chalee gaeen, jahaan unhonne 1964 mein chhaatravrtti par ostreliyaee raashtreey vishvavidyaalay (eenayoo) mein peeechadee kee upaadhi praapt kee. 14 aprail 1961 ko, unhonne ek saathee peeechadee chhaatr richard eseks baaravik se shaadee kee. 1964 mein, vah ostreliyaee aadivaasee adhyayan sansthaan kee sansthaapak sadasy baneen. maarch 1966 se joon 1972 tak, vah maanav vigyaan aur samaajashaastr vibhaag, risarch skool oph paisiphik stadeej, eenayoo mein risarch phelo theen. 1978 mein, vah aias kee parishad ke lie chunee jaane vaalee pahalee mahila theen. 1982 tak, unhonne sansthaan ke prakaashanon mein sahaayata kee. 1982 se 1986 tak, vah sansthaan kee itihaas samiti kee paarshad baneen; 1983 aur 1986 ke beech, unhonne kaaryakaaree prakaashan samiti kee adhyakshata kee thee. 1973 mein, unaka pahala bachcha lora eedan baaravik tha. unhonne ostreliyan insteetyoot phor eborijinal end tores stret aailaindar stadeej mein shodh aur adhyaapan kaary kiya. 1974 aur 1978 ke beech baaravik eenayoo mein ek shikshak aur vyaakhyaata ke roop mein kaaryarat the. 1977 mein, baaravik ostreliyaee aadivaasee itihaas ke sah-sansthaapak aur sampaadak the, jo ostreliyaee sentar phor indijinas histree, risarch skool oph soshal sains, eenayoo kee patrika thee. unhonne 1982 tak is pad ko barakaraar rakha. 1979 mein, vah ek saal ke lie itihaas vibhaag, risarch skool oph soshal sainsej, eenayoo mein ek asthaayee shodh saathee theen. 1980 mein, vah aadivaasee adhikaaron kee kuchh aadhikaarik maanyata aur suraksha sunishchit karane ke lie kaam karate hue, aadivaasee sandhi samiti mein shaamil ho gaeen. maee 1985 mein, unhen eaeeees dvaara ek raashtreey aadivaasee jeevanee rajistar sthaapit karane ke lie maanad kshamata mein niyukt kiya gaya tha. 4 aprail 1986 ko, royal kainabara aspataal mein mastishk raktasraav se unakee mrtyu ho gaee. use gungaahalin kabristaan mein kaitholik sanskaaron ke saath daphanaaya gaya tha.

## Sandarbh
Lamiya Haji Bashar

**Lamiya Haji Bashar** ka islaamik stet dvaara unakee chhah bahanon aur any mahilaon (naadiya muraad sahit) ke saath iraakee gaanv kocho se yaun shoshan kiya gaya tha. vah bach gaee aur un mahilaon kee pratinidhi ban gaee jinaka islaamik stet dvaara yaun shoshan kiya gaya hai. vah iraak mein yazeedee samudaay ka ek saarvajanik samarthak hai, ek dhaarmik alpasankhyak jisake khilaaph islaamik stet ke ladaakon ne narasanhaar abhiyaan shuroo kiya hai aur use 2016 mein sakhaarov puraskaar se sammaanit kiya gaya hai. 3 agast 2014 ko, islaamik stet ne iraak ke sinjar kshetr, bashar aur naadiya muraad ke janmasthaan kocho gaanv mein sabhee purushon ko maar daala. narasanhaar ke baad, islaamik stet ne mahilaon aur bachchon ko gulaam bana liya. bashar, muraad aur unakee bahanon sahit sabhee mahilaon ka apaharan kar liya gaya, unhen baar-baar khareeda aur becha gaya aur unhen seks slev ke roop mein istemaal kiya gaya. bashar ko paanch baar ladaakon ko bech diya gaya tha aur usake bhaiyon aur pita ko aaeees ladaakon dvaara maar die jaane ke baad mosul mein aatmaghaatee bam aur baniyaan banaane ke lie majaboor kiya gaya tha. haajee bashar ne apane parivaar kee madad se aprail mein aakhirakaar saphal hone se pahale bhaagane ke kaee asaphal prayaas kie, jinhonne is uddeshy ke lie kshetr mein taskaron ko bhugataan kiya. jaise hee yah kurd seema paar kar gaya, iraakee sarakaar ke niyantran vaale kshetron mein jitanee tejee se aage badh raha tha, aur islaamik stet ke ladaakon ke saath paidal chalakar, ek baaroodee surang mein visphot ho gaya, jisamen do log maare gae. parichiton ne khud ko ghaayal kar liya aur lagabhag andha ho gaya. vah bhaagane mein saphal rahee aur antatah use chikitsa ke lie jarmanee bhej diya gaya, jahaan usane apane jeevit bhaee-bahanon ko phir se paaya. apane svaasthy kee bahaalee ke baad, haajee bashar yazeedee samudaay kee durdasha ke baare mein jan jaagarookata badhaane ke lie kaam karatee hai, jabaki islaamik stet dvaara gulaamee aur atyaachaaron ka shikaar huee mahilaon aur bachchon kee madad karana jaaree rakhatee hai.

## Sandarbh
Anne Bayefsky

**Anne Bayefsky** ek vakeel, vidvaan aur kaaryakarta hain. vah vartamaan mein tauro kolej insteetyoot on hyooman raits end da holokost ka nirdeshan karatee hain aur ontaariyo baar kee bairistar aur solisitar hain. unakee visheshagyata ke kshetron mein antarraashtreey maanavaadhikaar kaanoon, samaanata adhikaar aur sanvaidhaanik maanavaadhikaar kaanoon shaamil hain. vah phoks nyooj kee raay lekhak hain. Anne Bayefsky ke paas beee, eme aur elelabee hai. toranto vishvavidyaalay aur ek em.lit se. oksaphord yoonivarsitee se. unhonne york ke sentar phor riphyoojee stadeej ke nideshak ke roop mein kaary kiya hai, vishvavidyaalay ke maanavaadhikaar sandhi adhyayan ke lie pariyojana nideshak, antarraashtreey baithakon mein kanaadaee pratinidhimandalon ke sadasy, jaise ki 1993-1996 mein sanyukt raashtr maanavaadhikaar aayog, sanyukt raashtr mahaasabha 1984 aur 1989 mein, 1993 mein maanav adhikaaron par viyana vishv sammelan, aur 1995 mein mahilaon par beejing chauthe vishv sammelan mein amerikan sosaayatee oph intaraneshanal lo ke ek pratinidhi. vah hadasan insteetyoot mein seeniyar phelo theen. vah 1995 mein beejing varld konphrens on veemen aur 2001 mein daraban naslavaad sammelan jaise vibhinn antararaashtreey pratinidhimandalon ke saath theen. vartamaan mein, vah antarraashtreey maanavaadhikaar kaanoon aur abhyaas par antarraashtreey kaanoon sangh samiti kee sadasy hain, heg mein maartinas nijoph dvaara prakaashit shrrnkhala "sharanaarthiyon aur maanavaadhikaaron" ke pradhaan sampaadak aur sanyukt raashtr par aaee ke sampaadak hain. Anne Bayefsky sanyukt raajy amerika aur izarail kee raashtreey suraksha ke muddon par dhyaan kendrit karane vaale ek gair-laabhakaaree thinkataink, yahoodee raashtreey suraksha maamalon ke sansthaan ke salaahakaar mandal mein bhee baithatee hain. unakee kaanoonee visheshagyata antararaashtreey, maanavaadhikaar, mahilaon ke adhikaar aur sanyukt raashtr kaanoon mein hai, aur 1981 mein otaava vishvavidyaalay se shuroo hokar chaar dashakon tak chalatee hai. Anne Bayefsky pratishthit hastiyon ke saath maanavaadhikaar kaaryakramon aur kaaryakramon kee yojana, nirmaan aur vitaran karatee hain. 2018 mein, amerika mein madhy poorv riporting mein sateekata ke lie ijaraayal samarthak gair-laabhakaaree samiti (chamair) ne ek saarvajanik sangheey phailing ke anusaar, salaahakaar kaary ke lie beyafskee ko $ 280,000.00 ka muaavaja diya. Anne Bayefsky ne maanavaadhikaaron ke kshetr mein vyaapak roop se prakaashit kiya hai, jisamen 2001 mein sanyukt raashtr maanavaadhikaar ke uchchaayukt ke kaaryaalay ke saath ek riport ke saath-saath bayaifsky.chom ka nirmaan, sanyukt raashtr ka pravesh dvaar shaamil hai. maanavaadhikaar sandhiyon ka uddeshy "sanyukt raashtr ke maanavaadhikaar kaanoonee maanakon ke kaaryaanvayan" ko is aadhaar par badhaana hai ki "har jagah vyaktiyon dvaara sanyukt raashtr maanavaadhikaar maanadandon tak pahunch unakee saphal praapti ke lie maulik hai."

## References
Helen Bayes

**Helen Bayes** (29 joon 1944 ko sel, gretar mainachestar mein janm) ek angrez kaaryakarta hain, jinhonne 1999 mein ostreliya ka maanavaadhikaar padak jeeta tha. beyas ka janm uttaree inglaind mein ek kvekar parivaar mein hua tha aur 1966 mein 22 saal kee umr mein ostreliya chale gae. unake chaar vayask bachche aur aath pote hain. unhonne saamaajik kaary mein beee aur saamaajik prashaasan mein BEE kiya hai, aur saamaajik neeti aur saamudaayik sevaon ke kshetron mein raashtreey aur raajy lok seva mein 15 saal ka kariyar tha. do dashak pahale, beyas ne lok seva se isteepha de diya aur ek antararaashtreey baal adhikaar vakaalat enajeeo kee sthaapana kee, jise ostreliyan sekshan oph diphens phor childran intaraneshanal kaha jaata hae. usane ostreliya mein, jineva mein aur antarraashtreey parishad mein us sangathan kee seva kee hae. is kaary ke lie unhen 1999 mein ostreliyaee maanavaadhikaar padak se sammaanit kiya gaya tha. Bachchan ke adhikaaron ke lie beyas kee chinta praarambhik kvekaravaad ke saath ek aakarshan mein badal gaee. vudabruk kvekar stadee sentar mein eeva koch phelo ke roop mein, unhonne bachchon aur yuvaon ke poshan aur maargadarshan par shuruaatee kvekars ke vichaaron par shodh kiya. vah 2002 mein jems baikahaus lekcharar (esapee gaardanar lekchar ke ostreliyaee samakaksh) theen, jisaka sheershak tha rispekting da raits oph childran end yang peepal: e nyoo parsapektiv on kvekar pheth end praiktis.

## Bibliography
* Bayes, Helen (2003). Respecting the Rights of Children and Young People: A New Perspective on Quaker Faith and Practice. Religious Society of Friends, Australia Yearly Meeting. ISBN 9780909885410. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
* Prophetic Community by Helen Bayes, Canadian Quaker Pamphlet No. 69, Argenta Friends Press; a lecture to the Canadian Religious Society of Friends (2009 Sunderland P. Gardner Lecture).
* Proud Stubborn and Free: The earliest Quakers and their children, Woodbrooke Journal Essay, Winter 2003
## Sandarbh
Nurcan Baysal

**Nurcan Baysal** Turkey ke ek kurd patrakaar hain, jo diyaarabakir par aadhaarit hain. 2018 mein unhen ek aayarish maanavaadhikaar enajeeo, phrant lain diphendars dvaara jokhim mein maanavaadhikaar rakshakon ke lie global loret naamit kiya gaya tha. baayasal ne ankaara vishvavidyaalay ke raajaneeti vigyaan sankaay mein adhyayan kiya aur bilkent vishvavidyaalay antarraashtreey sambandh vibhaag se snaatakottar kee upaadhi praapt kee. 2010 mein besal ne graameen jeevan mein mahilaon kee rachanaatmakata ke lie mahila vishv shikhar sammelan phaundeshan (dablyoodablyooeseph) puraskaar jeeta. unhen diyaarabakir kshetr mein mahilaon ko sashakt banaane kee maang karane vaale ozeegin phaundeshan rooral laivaleehud prograam kee sthaapana ke lie puraskaar mila. 2012 mein, besal ko graameen vikaas par unake kaam ke lie turkee chenjamekars puraskaar bhee mila. Nurcan Baysal diyaarabakir insteetyoot phor politikal end soshal risarch (deeaeeese) ke sansthaapak hain. Front Line Defenders se apana puraskaar sveekaar karate hue, besal ne apane bachapan mein ek praarambhik kshan ka varnan kiya jab unhonne turkee sainy hamale ko kurd adhikaar kaaryakarta aur Turkey maanavaadhikaar sangh kee diyaarabaakir shaakha ke pramukh, vedaat aayadeen ke lie ek antim sanskaar juloos dekha, jise yaatana dee gaee thee aur 1991 mein maare gae. yah puraskaar maee 2018 mein dabalin kaisal mein sanyukt raashtr ke maanavaadhikaar up uchchaayukt ket gilamor dvaara pradaan kiya gaya tha. janavaree 2018 mein, besal ko turkee pulis ne dakshin poorv turkee ke diyaarabakir mein usake ghar par hiraasat mein liya tha. hyooman raits voch ne kaha ki use seeriya ke aphareen mein turkee ke sainy abhiyaan kee aalochana karane vaale usake tveets ke silasile mein hiraasat mein liya gaya tha. usane da jarnal ko bataaya ki kalaashnikov ke suraksha balon ne ek shaam usake ghar par dhaava bol diya tha aur kaha tha ki "pahale to hamen laga ki yah bhookamp hai. ve hamaara daravaaja khatakhataane kee koshish kar rahe the." February mein unhen ek lekh mein turkee suraksha balon ko neecha dikhaane ke ek alag maamale mein doshee paaya gaya tha. haalaanki, phrant lain diphendars ke anusaar, use das maheene jel kee saja sunaee gaee thee, use is shart par riha kiya gaya tha ki vah paanch saal ke bheetar aparaadh nahin doharaegee.

## Sandarbh