Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

**Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart** ek Austrian composer aur piano bajae waala musician rahaa. Uu aapan chhota jindagi me 600 se jaada music likhis rahaa. Bahut log ii soche hae ki uu sab time ke, sab se achchhaa composer rahaa. Uske janam Salzburg me 27 January 1756 me bhais rahaa. Uske likha gais musicc me opera (music with a story) *Don Giovanni* aur *Die Zauberflöte* (*The Magic Flute*) bhi rahaa. Uske opera ek minuet (ek naach) se suruu howat rahaa jiske uu jab chaar saal ke rahha tab likis rahaa, aur khalaas howat rahaa *Requiem* se, jiske uu khalaas nai karat rahaa. Mozart piano bahut achchhaa se bajaawat rahaa. Uske maut 5 December , 1791 ke rheumatic fever se bhaes rahaa jab ki uu khaali 35 saal ke rahaa.

## Palwaar aur jawaani ke din
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ke baap ke naam,  Leopold Mozart aur maiy ake naam Anna Maria Mozart rahaa. Uske janam 9&nbsp; Getreidegasse, Salzburg, jon ki Archbishopric of Salzburg ke capital rahaa, aur jon ki abhi Austria me hae, aur jon ki uu time Holy Roman Empire me rahaa, me bhais rahaa. Uske khaali ek bahini bajpan ke baad jinda rahis, jiske naam Maria Anna Mozart (1751–1829) rahaa. Mozart ke uske janam ke ek din baad Salzburg Cathedral me baptize karaa gais rahaa. Uske baptised naam *Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart* rahaa. Uu apne ke, barraa hoe ke baad, "Wolfgang Amadè Mozart"  bolat rahaa, lekin uske naam ke dher rakam se likha jawat rahaa. 

Uske pitaji (1719–1787) Augsburg ke rahaa. Uu Archbishop of Salzburg, ek chhota composer, aur experienced teacher ke niche ek Kapellmeister rahaa.  Mozart ke janam ke ek saal ke bad uu violin ke uppar ek book, *[[Versuch einer gründlichen Violinschule]]*, likis jon ki kaafi safal rahaa.

Mozart ke bahini, Maria Anna ("Nannerl") ek talented larrki rahi. Duuno larrkan aapan  musical aur academic sikchhaa aapan pitaji se paae rahin. Iske palwaar Europe ke kuchh din talak tour kare rahin. Uu logan royals aur aristocrats ke khaatir perform kare rahin.

Mozart Munich, Prague, Paris, The Hague aur London me perform karis rahaa. London me, uu King George III ke khaatir perform karis rahaa. Uu composer Johann Christian Bach,  Johann Sebastian Bach ke larrka se milis rahaa. Uu Johann Christian Bach (1735–1782) ke godii me bath ke  ek fugue ke improvise karis rahaa. Aur hian pe, aath saal ke umar me uu aapan pahila duii  symphonies ke perform hoe dekhis rahaa. 

Ant me, the Mozart palwaar  Salzburg laut gain. Lekin 1768 me, uulog  Vienna gay rahin. Vienna me, barah saal ke Wolfgang aapan pahila opera *Bastien und Bastienne* ke production ke stage karis rahaa. Lekin uu smallpox se bemaar hoe gais rahaa. Uu achchhaa hoe gais, lekin uske chehraa pe iske daag jindagi bhar rahaa. Uu  Italy gais, jahan pe uu  famous Italian composers ke music sunis rahaa. Mozart ek piece jiske naam *Miserere* *Bastien und Bastienne*rahaa, ke sunis rahaa by Gregorio Allegri. Iske Pope ke khaatir likha gais rahaa, uske choir of the Vatican ke gaawe ke khaatir. Koi ke likha gais music ke dekhe ke ijaajat nai rahaa. Iske kaaran rahaa ki koi aur iske copy kar ke gaawe nai sakat rahaa.   Lekin, Mozart iske ek dafe sunis aur yaad kar ke iske likh diis rahaa. Uu  Pope se milis rahaa aur uske knighthood (Order of the Golden Spur) dewa gais rahaa.

1777 me uu, aapan maiyaa ke saathe ek yatra pe gais rahaa. Mannheim me, uu Aloysia Weber se pyaar kare lagaa rahaa. Uu 16 saal ke rahii aur singing study karat rahii. Mozart maangat rahaaa uske  Italy lae jaae ke uske famous banae, lekin uske pitaji iske rok diis.  1778 me, Mozart aur uske maiyaa   Paris me rahin, jahaan uske maiyaa mar gais.  

Mozart chhotaa-chhotaa operas likhat rahaa jab uu chhotaa rahaa, lekin uske pahila khaas opera,*[[Idomeneo]]* rahaa. Iske pahila dafe, 1780 me Munich me perform karaa gais rahaa.  Agle saal uu Vienna gais. Ii time talak uu, aapan pitaji ke rakam,  Archbishop of Salzburg ke khaatir kaam karat rahaa. Jab uu Salzburg lautis tab uu Archbishop se argue karis. Iske kaaran, Archbishop  uske kaam se nikaal diis rahaa. Mozart iske baad   Vienna gais, jahaan pe uu aapan baaki jindagu bhar rahaa. 

1782 me uu, Constanze Weber ke saathe saadi karis. Uu  Aloysia (jon ii time talak aur koi se saadi kar le rahii) ke tiin  chhotaa bahini me se ek rahii. Uulog ke saath larrkan rahin, jisme se paanch bachpan me mar gay rahin. Mozart ke pitaji ii saadi se khusi nai rahaa.  Constanze ek dayalu aurat rahii,   Mozart ke rakam, uu paisa pe dhyan achchhaa se nai rakkhat rahii, jiske kaaran uulog jaada kar ke garib rahin.

Wahii saal, 1782 me,  Mozart ek aur successful opera: *[[Die Entführung aus dem Serail]]* ("The Abduction from the Seraglio") ke likhis. Ii opera ke pahila performance ke baare me ek famous khissa hae.  Ii khissa me emperor Joseph II aur Mozart ke biich me ek chhotaa baat -chit hoe hae. Jab emperor opera ke sun liis, tab uu Mozart se bolis: “too many notes, dear Mozart, too many notes.” Mozart jawaab diis: “Just as many as are necessary, Your Majesty.”

Mozart dher concerts ke suruu karis rahaa, jisme uu  piano concertos ke apne bajais rahaa. Uu ii sab concertos ke apne compose karis rahaa aur keyboard se  conduct karis rahaa. Mozart ke piano concertos abhi bhi mashuur hae.  uu 27 piano concertos ke likhis rahaa. Sab concertos ke ek number hae jisse ii jaana jaae sake ki ii kon concerto hae . Mashuur piano concertos hae numbers (Nos.) 20, 21, 23, 24 and 27. Isme se dher  concertos , Mozart ke sab se achchhaa hae.    

Uu composer Joseph Haydn ke milis aur duuno achchhaa dost ban gain. Uulog ek saathe   string quartet bajaawat rahin. Haydn, Leopold Mozart se ek din bolis: "Before God and as an honest man I tell you that your son is the greatest composer known to me either in person or by name. He has taste, and what is more, the most profound knowledge of composition." Mozart, Haydn ke saathe ekke Masonic Lodge me rahaa. Iske matlab hae ki duuno ek group  ke hissa rahin jiske ek rakam ke interests rahaa. Mozart, Hayden ke   six string quartets dedidcate karis rahaa. Iske "Haydn" Quartets bola jaawe hae. Dui  famous "Haydn" Quartets hae. Isme se ek ke naam, "Hunt" aur duusra ke naam,  "Dissonance" rahaa.

## References

* Groves Dictionary of Music and Musicians, edited by Stanley Sadie; 1980; ISBN 1-56159-174-2

## Duusra websites
* The Mozart Project 
* Mozart livecams Live pictures of Mozart Birth house, Mozart Monument, Mozart View and so on.