open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Arabic script

**Arabic script** likhe ke system hae jiske Arbii bhasa  (Arbii akchhar) aur dher aur  Asia aur Africa ke bhasa ke likha jaawe hae. Ii dunia ke duusra sab se jaada kaam me laawe waala   alphabetic writing system hae ( Latin akchhar) ke baad, dunia ke duusra sab se jaada kaam me laawe waala writing system hae agar ketna des iske kaam me laawe hae ke dekha jaawe tab, (Latin and Chinese akchhar) ke baad.

Ii script ke sab se pahile Arbii bhasa ke likhe khaatir kaam me laawa gais rahaa, khaas kar ke Quran,  Islam ke holy book. Jab Islam faila tab iske kaam me laae ke dher bhasa ke likha jaae lagaa, jiske kaaran isme aur nawaa akchhar aur chinh jorra gais rahaa. Aisan bhasa jon abhi talak ii akchhar ke kaam me laae hae me hae  Arbii, Persian (Farsi aur Dari), Urdu, Uyghur, Kurdish, Pashto, Punjabi (Shahmukhi), Sindhi, Azerbaijani (Torki, Iran me), Malay (Jawi akchhar), Javanese, Sundanese, Madurese and Indonesian (Pegon script), Balti, Balochi, Luri, Kashmiri, Cham (Akhar Srak), Rohingya, Somali, Mandinka, aur Mooré. 16th century talak iske, kuchh Spanish texts , aur 1928 me Ataturk ke reform se pahile ii Turkish ke writing system rahaa.

Ii script ke  right to left, cursive style me likha jaae hae, jisme jaada akchhar ke different rakam se likha jaawe hae, jon ispe nirbhar hae ki uu akele hae nai to aage waala nai to piichhe waala akchhar se joined hae. Ii script  unicase me likha jaae hae aur isme distinct capital or lowercase letters nai hae. Jaada cases me akchhar   consonants ke transcribe kare hae, nai to consonants aur kuchh vowels, jiske kaaran Arabic alphabets abjads hae, aur kuchh versions jisme kuch bhasa ke likha jaawe hae, jaise  Sorani dialect of Kurdish, Uyghur, Mandarin, aur Bosniak,  alphabet hae. Ii Arabic calligraphy ke basis hae .

## Itihaas

Arabii akchhar, Nabataean akchhar se aais hae ] nai to (jiske kamti biswas karaa jaawe hae) sidhe Syriac akchhar se, jon duuno  Aramaic akchhar se aais hae, jon, baad me, Phoenician akchhar se aais hae.  Phoenician akchhar se Greek akchhar aais hae (aur, tab, duuno Cyrillic akchhar aur Latin akchhar jiske North America, ;;South America]]] aur jaada Europe ke des me kaam me laawa jaawe hae.

### Origins
6th aur 5th centuries BCE me, northern Arab tribes migrate hoe ke  Petra, Jordan ke lage ek  kingdom suruu kare rahin. Ii log (jiske abhi Nabataeans bola jaawe hae ) Nabataean Arabic , ek Arbii bhasa ke dialect, me baat karat rahin.   2nd nai to 1st centuries BCE me, pahila jaana gais  Nabataean akchhar ke  Aramaic language (jon communication aur trade ke bhasa rahaa) me likha gais rahaa, lekin isme kuchh  Arbii bhasa ke  features rahaa: Nabataeans aapan bhasa ke likhat nai rahin.  Uu log ek rakam ke  Aramaic akchhar me likhat rahin, jon evolve hote rahaa;  ii dui rakam ke hoe gais: ek inscriptions ke khaatir (jiske "monumental Nabataean" bola jaawat rahaa) aur duusra, jaada cursive aur jiske jaldi likha jaawat rahaa akchhar ke jorr ke  papyrus ke likhe ke khaatir. II cursive dhire-dhire badal ke Arbii akchhar ban gais.
Water Filteration

Kai tareeke hote hai water filteration ke jo industry waste aur janwar ke waster aur dusre insaan ke waste se bacha sakte hai. Li kai jagaho mein bar bar istemal kiya jata hai safer drinking aur use karne ke liye. Dusre tarah ke bhi hote hai ghar mein aur industrial use mein bhi.
Hieronymus Bosch

**Hieronymus Bosch** (;, jiske janam ke naam **Jheronimus van Aken** rahaa (&nbsp;– 9 August 1516) ek Dutch chitrkaar (painter), Brabant se rahaa. Uu sab se pahila jan rahaa jon  Early Netherlandish painting karis rahaa. Uske kaam, jaada kar ke tel (oil)  oak wood pe rahat rahaa, aur isme  dharmik bichaar aur kathaa ke dekhaawa jaawat rahaa. Uske jindagi me , uske kaam ke  Netherlands, Austria, aur Spain me batora jaawat rahaa, aur dher dafe copy karaa gais hae, jaada kar ke uske  narak ke chhaapa.
1450

**1450** (MCDL) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki dif ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 450th aur 15th century ke 50th saal rahaa,  aur  1450s dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1506-1507, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1372-1372, Kali Yuga ke 4550-4551, Buddhist calendar ke 1994, Islamic calendar ke 853-854, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -18 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

**[[Hieronymus Bosch]]**, Netherlands ke chitrkaar ke janam Brabant me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
1516

**1516** (MDXVI) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki mangar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 516th aur 16th century 16th saal rahaa,  aur  1510s dassak ke 7th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1572-1573, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1437-1438, Kali Yuga ke 4616-4617, Buddhist calendar ke 2060, Islamic calendar ke 921-922, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 48 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 9 August - **[[Hieronymus Bosch]]**, Netherlands ke chitrkaar ke maut Brabant me bhais rahaa.

* 29 December - **[[Giovanni Bellini]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke janam Veneto me bhais rahaa.

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Laxmi Narayan Maharana

**Laxmi Narayan Maharana** (janam 18 March 2004) ek self-taught artist aur sculptor hae jon Keonjhar, Odisha se hae. Uu aapan realistic pencil portraits aur sculptures ke khatir jaana jaae hae. Uu aapan art ke kaam "Narayan Arts" ke naam se kare hae.

Uu ke kaam ke khaatir India ke Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, se ek chitthi milaa rahaa.

## References
Mahatma Gandhi Memorial High School

**Mahatma Gandhi Memorial High School (School Code: 2337)**, Fiji ke sab se barraa island Viti Levu ke Central Division me ek school hae.  

## Aur dekho
* Fiji ke school

## Principal ke suchi

# Gopalbhai Patel (1960-1986)
# Satya Narayan (1987-1989)
# Permal Swamy (1990-1994)
# Bhagwanji Kantilal Bhindi (1994-2007)
# Abhay Prasad (2008-2009)
# Chiranji Lal (2010)
# Kailash Rajput (2011-2012)
# Shabnam Begg (2013-2014)
# Manoa Senikarawa (2015)
# Bharti Devi Singh (2015-2018)
# Sanjay Abhinash Raman (2019-present)

## Bahaari jorr
* Facebook

## References
Giotto

**Giotto di Bondone** (;  – 8 January 1337), jiske   **Giotto** ke naam se bhi jaana jaawe hae, Italy ke ek chitrkaar aur architect rahaa, jon late middle ages me  Florence me raht rahaa. Uu Gothic aur Proto-Renaissance jamaana me kaam karis rahaa. Giotto ke jamaana ke   banker aur chronicler Giovanni Villani, likhis hae ki Giotto rahaa "the most sovereign master of painting in his time, who drew all his figures and their postures according to nature" aur uske publically recognised "talent and excellence". Giorgio Vasari  Giotto ke baare me batais hae ki uu, uutime ke  Byzantine style se different chitr banais  aur suruu karis rahaa "the great art of painting as we know it today, introducing the technique of drawing accurately from life, which had been neglected for more than two hundred years".
1267

**1267** (MCCLXVII) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki sanichar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 267th aur 12th century ke 67th saal rahaa,  aur  1260s dassak ke 8th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1323-1324, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1188-1189, Kali Yuga ke 4367-4368, Buddhist calendar ke 1811, Islamic calendar ke 665-666, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -201 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

**[[Giotto]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar aur architect ke janam Florence me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Battle of the Giants (Fiji) 2025

Fiji ke **45th Battle of the Giants**, 1, 2, 3, 9, 10 August  2024 talak Rewa ke Subrail Park me khela gais rahaa.

2025 ke jiite waala team rahaa, Labasa.

## Pool Stage
Tournament ke 8 team ke dui pool me baata gias rahaa. Duuno pool ke team, aapan pool me se aur sab team se ek dafe khelis. Ii sab game Subrail Park me  khela gais rahaa. Jeete waala team ke 3 point mila, draw khatir 1 point aur haare waala team ke 0 point.

### Group A

### Group B

### Semi finals

### Final

## References

* The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation



## Aur dekho
* Fiji me football

&nbsp;
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Nadi SKM College

**  (School Code: 3048)**, Fiji ke ek school hae.    2006 me ii school me  larrkan parrhat rahin.

## Aur dekho
* Fiji ke school

## References
Sihem Msadek

## फ़िल्मोग्राफी

### सिनेमा

* 1998 : कल मैं अवैध रूप से प्रवास करने जा रहा हूँ, मोहम्मद बेन स्माएल द्वारा (अरबी) हल्लौमा के रूप में
* 2000 : एक हंसी बहुत ज़्यादा है (लघु फ़िल्म) इब्राहिम लेताएफ़ द्वारा
* 2006 : फूल ऑफ़ ओब्लिवियन, सलमा बक्कर द्वारा

* 2008 : आसमान का दूसरा भाग, कलथौम बोर्नज़ द्वारा

### टेलीविज़न

* 1996-1997 : एल खोत्ताब अल बाब (प्रेमी दरवाज़े पर हैं) सलाहेद्दीन एस्सिड, अली लौआती और मोनसेफ बाल्दी द्वारा नैमा एल घोउला या नैमा एल कहला
* 2002 :
** तलाक की सनक (तलाक इंचा) मोन्सेफ़ धोइब द्वारा
** गैमरेट सिदी महरूस (मास्टर महरूस का चंद्रमा स्लेहेडीन एस्सिड द्वारा सईदा के रूप में
* 2003 : स्लेहेडीन एस्सिड द्वारा अज़ायेज़ शॉप पर
* 2005 : चौफली हाल (फाइंड मी अ सॉल्यूशन) (सीजन 1 के एपिसोड 2 के सम्मानित अतिथि) स्लेहेडीन एस्सिड द्वारा
* 2009 : बोरहेन बेन हसौना द्वारा ब्रिका प्रिज़न
* 2012 : हाइफ़ा मोहम्मद अरार द्वारा बाब एल हारा 2100
* 2013 :
** गाज़ी ज़गबानी द्वारा अल्लाक एस्साबत
** सेलिम द्वारा अवल्ड लेबल्ड (पायलट)। बेनहाफ्सा
* 2014 : इकावी सादेक (आपकी किस्मत अच्छी हो!) अमीर माजौली द्वारा और औसामा अब्देलकादर सिहेम के रूप में
* 2015 : मोंगिया के रूप में सामी फेहरी द्वारा अवल्ड मौफिदा (मौफिदा के पुत्र)
* 2016 : (एक गुलाब और एक पुस्तक) अहमद रजेब द्वारा अरबिया के रूप में
* 2020 : नौबा, अब्देलहामिद बौचनक
* 2021 :
** केन या मकेनेच, अब्देलहामिद बाउचनक द्वारा लिटिल रेड राइडिंग हूड की दादी के रूप में
** कैस अलौई द्वारा ला ताह ला दाज़ौह ज़ेनेब उर्फ़ ज़िनौबा के रूप में

### रंगमंच

* 2015 :
** बोर्ज लूसिफ द्वारा शेडली अरफौई, टेनेसी विलियम्स के कैट ऑन ए हॉट टिन रूफ का रूपांतरण
** धलामौनी हबायबी, अब्देलअज़ीज़ मेहरज़ी द्वारा निर्देशित

**
1337

**1337** (MCCCXXXVII) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki budh ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 337th aur 14th century ke 37th saal rahaa,  aur  1330s dassak ke 8th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1393-1394, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1258-1259, Kali Yuga ke 4437-4438, Buddhist calendar ke 1881, Islamic calendar ke 737-738, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -131 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 8 January - **[[Giotto]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar aur architect ke maut Florence me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Batinikama College

**  (School Code: 1674 )**, Fiji ke ek secondary school hae jon Vanua Levu ke Macuata Province me hae.   

## Aur dekho
* Fiji ke school

## References
Levuka Public School

****  (School Code: 1504), Fiji ke Eastern Division ke Ovalau Island keek school hae.    

## Aur dekho
* Fiji ke school

## References
Rakiraki Public High School

**Rakiraki Public High School (School Code: 2049)**, Rakiraki, Fiji ke ek school hae. Ii school Fiji ke sab se barraa island, Viti Levu kae west me hae.

## Aur dekho
* Fiji ke school

## References
1430

**1430** (MCDXXX) ek sadhaaran  saal rahaa jon ki Etwaar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 431st aur 15th century ke 31st saal rahaa,  aur  1430s dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1486-1487, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1351-1352, Kali Yuga ke 4530-4531, Buddhist calendar ke 1974, Islamic calendar ke 833-834, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -38 saal rahaa. 
## Ghatna
* 
## Janam

* **[[Giovanni Bellini]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke janam Veneto me bhais rahaa.

## Maut
* **[[Andrei Rublev]]** - Russia] ke chitrkaar aur saint ke maut Moscow me bhais rahaa.
Jacques-Louis David

**Jacques-Louis David** (; 30 August 1748 – 29 December 1825), France ke ek chitrkaar,  Neoclassical style me rahaa, jiske uu time ke sab se achchhaa chirkaar maana jaawat rahaa.  1780s me, uske dimaagi rakam ke itihaas ke chhaapa, uu time ke painting se different rahaa. 

Baad me, David  French Revolution  ke supporter ban gais  aur Maximilien Robespierre (1758–1794) ke dist rahaa, aur French Republic me aslii me Arts ke dictator rahaa.  Robespierre ke taagat se gire ke baad uske jahel kar dewa gais rahaa, lekin uske riha hoe ke baad uu rk aur regime ke follow kare lagaa: Napoleon ke, France ke First ConsulIi time uu aapan Empire style ke develop karis rahaa, jisme garam Venetian rang ke kaam me laawa jaawat rahaa. Napoleon ke Imperial power se gire ke baad, David apne ke  Brussels me exile karis rahaa, jon uu time ke United Kingdom of the Netherlands me rahaa, jahaan uu aapan maut talak rahaa. David ke dher students rahaa, jiske kaaran 19th century ke French art me uske khaas influence rahaa.
1748

**1748 (MDCCXLVIII** ek leap saal rahaa jon ki sombaar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 748th saal,  18th century 48th saal rahaa,  aur  1740s dassak ke 9th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1804-1805, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1669-1670, Kali Yuga ke 4848-4849, Buddhist calendar ke 2292, Islamic calendar ke 1160-1162, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 280 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 30 August - **[[Jacques-Louis David]]**, France ke chitrkaar ke janam Paris me bhais rahaa.

## Maut
## References
South Taveuni Secondary School

**  (School Code: 2573)**, Fiji ke ek school hae jon Taveuni Island me hae

## Aur dekho
* Fiji ke school

## Bahaari jorr

## References
St Joseph's Secondary School

**Gospel High School (School Code: 2319)**, Fiji ke sab se barraa island Viti Levu ke Central Division me ek school hae.  

## Jaana-maana students
* Imrana Jalal

## Aur dekho
* Fiji ke school

## Bahaari jorr

## References
Andrei Rublev

**Andrei Rublev** ( ; ) ek Russian chitrkaar rahaa, jiske   medieval Russian painters of Orthodox Christian icons and frescoes me se ek sab se mahaan maana jaawe hae. Uu Eastern Orthodox Church ke ek saint rahaa, aur uske feast day 29 January hae.
1360

**1360** (MCCCLX) ek leap year rahaa jon ki Budh ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 361st aur 14th century 61st saal rahaa,  aur  1360s dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1416-1417, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1281-1282, Kali Yuga ke 4460-4461, Buddhist calendar ke 1904, Islamic calendar ke 761-762, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -108 saal rahaa. 
## Ghatna
* 
## Janam
* **[[Andrei Rublev]]** - Russia] ke chitrkaar aur saint ke janam bhais rahaa.

## Maut
Eugène Delacroix

**Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix** ( ; ; 26 April 1798&nbsp;– 13 August 1863) France ke ek Romantic chitrkaar rahaa jiske  French Romantic school ke neta maana jaawat rahaa.

Neoclassical perfectionism ke mukaable me uske khaas virodhi  Ingres rahaa. Delacroix aapan prernaa Rubens aur painters Venetian Renaissance ke chitrkaar se liis rahaa, aur uu rang  aur movement pe emphasis diis,  clarity of outline aur carefully modelled form ke jagha. Uske central theme me drama aur romantic content rahaa, aur iske kaaran uu  Greek aur Roman art ke chhorr ke , North Africa me ghumis, exotic content ke khoj me. Uu Théodore Géricault ke  friend aur spiritual heir rahaa, aur Lord Byron se bhi inspired rahaa, jiske saathe uu ek tagrraa  "forces of the sublime" rahaa, of nature in often violent action.
1798

** (MDCCXCVIII)**, ek saadharan saal rahaa jon ki sombaar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 798th saal, 18th century 98th saal rahaa,  aur  1790s dassak ke 9th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1854-1855, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1719-1720, Kali Yuga ke 4898-4899, Buddhist calendar ke 2342, Islamic calendar ke 1212-1213, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 330 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 26 April - **[[Eugène Delacroix]]**, France ke chitrkaar ke janam Seine me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## References
Nicolas Poussin

**Nicolas Poussin** (, , ; June 1594 – 19 November 1665), France ke ek chitrkaar rahaa, jon classical French Baroque style ke ek sab se barraa chirkaar rahaa, jab uu aapan jindagi ke jaada time Rome me kaam karis rahaa. Uske jaada aam dharmik aur pauraanik (mythological) vishay pe rahaa jiske uu Italy aur France ke ek chhotaa group ke khaatir banais rahaa. Uu Paris kuchh din ke khaatir laut ke Louis XIII aur Cardinal Richelieu ke First Painter to the King rahaa, lekin uu fir se Rome laut ke aapan sankritik theme pe chitrkaari kare lagaa. Baasd ke saal me, Poussin jaada kar ke landscape ke aapan kaam me laawe lagaa. uske kaam me clarity, logic, aur order hae, aur line ke favour kare hae colour ke jagha me.  20th&nbsp;century me uu  classically-oriented artists jaise Jacques-Louis David, Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres aur Paul Cézanne pe influence rahaa.
Caspar David Friedrich

**Caspar David Friedrich** (; 5 September 1774 – 7 May 1840) ek German Romantic landscape chitrkaar rahaa, jiske uske generation ke sab se  important chitrkaar maana jaawat rahaa, jiske jaada kar ke symbolic, aur anti-classical kaam, dunia ke ek subjective, emotional response dekhae hae. Friedrich ke chhaapa dher dafe insaan ke  silhouette ke raat ke aasmaan, sabere ke mist, bina patti waala perr nai to ujrraa waala imaarat ke against dekhae hae.  Shitrkaar ke itihaas ke expert, Christopher John Murray, Friedrich ke chitrkaari ke describe karis hae " diminished perspective, amid expansive landscapes, as reducing the figures to a scale that directs the viewer's gaze towards their metaphysical dimension".
1543

**1543 (MCDXCVII)** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon sombaar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 543th aur 16th century century ke 43rd saal rahaa,  aur  1540s dassak ke 3rd saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1599-1600, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1464-1465, Kali Yuga ke 4643-4644, Buddhist calendar ke 2087, Islamic calendar ke 949-950, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 75th saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* Hans Holbein the Younger, Switzerland ke cjitrkaar ke maut London, [[England] me bhais

## References
Caravaggio

**Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio** ,  , .}} (jiske **Michele Angelo Merigi** nai to **Amerighi da Caravaggio** ke naam se bhi jaana jaawe hae; 29 September 1571 – 18 July 1610), jiske khaali **Caravaggio** bhi bola jaawe hae, Italy ke ek chitrkaar rahaa jon aapan kaam jaada kar ke  Rome se karat rahaa. Uu aapan jindagi ke aakhri chaar saal me   Naples, Malta, aur Sicily ke biich me rahat rahaa. Uske chitrkaar me ek realistic observation of the human state, both physical and emotional, with a dramatic use of lighting hae, jiske ek formative asar  Baroque painting pe rahaa.
1571

**1571 (MDLXXI}** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon sombaar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 571st saal, aur 16th century century ke 71st saal rahaa,  aur  1570s dassak ke 2nd saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1627-1628, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1492-1493, Kali Yuga ke 4671-4672, Buddhist calendar ke 2115, Islamic calendar ke 978-979, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 103rd saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 29 September - **[[Caravaggio]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar, ke janam Milan me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## References
1610

**1610 (MDLXXI}** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon suk ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 610th saal, aur 17th century century ke 10th saal rahaa,  aur  1610s dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1666-1667, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1531-1532, Kali Yuga ke 4710-4711, Buddhist calendar ke 2154, Islamic calendar ke 10181019, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 142 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 18 July - **[[Caravaggio]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar, ke maut Porto Ercole me bhais rahaa.

## References
Giovanni Bellini

**Giovanni Bellini** (; c. 1430 – 29 November 1516) Italy ke ek renaissance chitrkaar rahaa, jon saait chitrkaari ke Bellini palwaar se sab se jaana maana jan rahaa. Giovanni ke  Jacopo Bellini ke ghar me paala gais rahaa, jiske pahile uske pitaji socha jaawat rahaa, lekin abhi iske baare me log sawaal kare hae. . Uske barraa bhaiyaa, Gentile Bellini ke aur achchhaa chitrkaar maana jaawat rahaa, uske jindagi me, lekin ulta chij abhi sach hae.  Andrea Mantegna uske saala rahaa.
Hans Holbein the Younger

**Hans Holbein the Younger** ( ,  ; &nbsp;– 7 October aur 29 November 1543 ke biich me) ek German-Swiss chitrkaar aur printmaker rahaa jon Northern Renaissance style me kaam karis rahaa, aur uske 16th century ke sab se barraa portraitist maana jaawe hae. Uu djarmik art, satire, and Reformation propaganda ke bhi banais rahaa, aur book ke design me khaas yogdaan diis rahaa. Uske "the Younger" ii kaaran se bola jaawe hae kaaheki uske pitaji, Hans Holbein the Elder, achchhhaa chitrkaar   Late Gothic school ke rahaa.
1497

**1497 (MCDXCVII)** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon etwar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 497th aur 15th century century ke 97th saal rahaa,  aur  1490s dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1553-1554, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1418-1419, Kali Yuga ke 4597-4598, Buddhist calendar ke 2041, Islamic calendar ke 902-903, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 29th saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* Hans Holbein the Younger, Switzerland ke cjitrkaar ke maut [[Holy Roman Empire] me bhais

## Maut

## References
1510

**1510** (MDX) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki mangar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 510th aur 16th century 10th saal rahaa,  aur  1510s dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 156601567, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1431-1432, Kali Yuga ke 4610-4611, Buddhist calendar ke 2054, Islamic calendar ke 915-916, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 42 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 17 May - **[[Sandro Botticelli]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke maut Florence me bhais rahaa.

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Canaletto

**Giovanni Antonio Canal** (18 October 1697&nbsp;– 19 April 1768), jiske jaada kar ke **Canaletto** ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa(), Italy ke ek chitrkaar,  Republic of Venice se rahaa, jiske  18th-century Venetian school ke khaas member maana jaawe hae.

Canaletto, cityscapes ke chaapa banawat rahaa; Venice, Rome, aur London ke, uu banaawat chaapa bhi baanaat rahaa , lekin aslii aur banaawat chij ke chitr ke biich me koi antar nai dekhai de hae. Uu ek printer bhi rahaa jon etching technique ke kaam me laawat rahaa. 1746 se 1756 talak uu, England me kaam karat rahaa, jahan pe uu dher jagha ke paint karis, jisme  Warwick Castle aur Alnwick Castle hae. Uske  England me safaltaa milaa, jiske khaas kaaran  British merchant aur connoisseur Joseph "Consul" Smith rahaa, jiske Canaletto ke kaam ke ek barraa collection ke   King George III ke 1762 me becha gais rahaa.
1697

**1697** (MDCXCVII) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki mangar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 697th aur 17th century 97th saal rahaa,  aur  1690s dassak ke 8th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1753-1754, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1618-1619, Kali Yuga ke 4797-4798, Buddhist calendar ke 2241, Islamic calendar ke 1108-1109, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 229 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 18 October - **[[Canaletto]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke janam Venice me bhais rahaa.

* 10 November - **[[William Hogarth]]**, Great Britain ke chitrkaar, ke jana London me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Sandro Botticelli

**Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi** ( – 17 May, 1510), jiske jaada kar ke **Sandro Botticelli** ( ; ) nai to khaali **Botticelli** ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, ek  Italian chitrkaar of the Early Renaissance rahaa. Botticelli ke mare ke baad uske kaam ke baare me koi jaanat nai rahaa   late 19th century talak, jab uske Pre-Raphaelites fir se paais rahaa, jiske kaaran uske kaam ke fir se dekha gais rahaa. 

Mythological subjects ke alaawa, jiske khaatir uske aaj jaana jaawe hae, Botticelli dher dharmik subject pe chitr banais hae (jisme darjano  *Madonna and Child* ke rendition hae, dher golaa tondo shape) aur kuchh portraits hae. Uske sab se jaada jaana jawe waala kaam hae *The Birth of Venus* aur *Primavera*, duuno Uffizi aur Florence me, jahan pe which Botticelli ke dher kaam ke rakkhaa gais hae. Botticelli aapan jiandagi bhar  Florence me ek jagha rahis rahaa; uske duusra jagha jahaan pe uu kuchh time spend karis rahaa me rahaa Pisa 1474 me aur Sistine Chapel Rome me 1481–82 me.
1415

**1415** (MCDXV) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki mangar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 415th aur 15th century 15th saal rahaa,  aur  1410s dassak ke 6th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1471-1472, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1336-1337, Kali Yuga ke 4515-4516, Buddhist calendar ke 1959, Islamic calendar ke 817-818, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -53 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* **[[Piero della Francesca]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar aur mathematician, ke janam Florence me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
1492

**1492** (MCDXCII) ek leap saal rahaa, jon  etwaar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 492th aur 15th century 92nd saal rahaa,  aur  1490s dassak ke 3rd saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1548-1549, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1413-1414, Kali Yuga ke 4592-4593, Buddhist calendar ke 2036, Islamic calendar ke 897-898, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 24 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 12 October - **[[Piero della Francesca]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar aur mathematician, ke maut Florence me bhais rahaa.

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Andrea Mantegna

**Andrea Mantegna** (, ; ; 13 September, 1506) ek Italian Renaissance painter,  Roman archaeology ke student, aur Jacopo Bellini ke damaad rahaa.
1431

**1431** (MCDXXXI) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon  sombaar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 431st aur 15th century 31st saal rahaa,  aur  1430s dassak ke 2nd saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1487-1488, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1352-1353, Kali Yuga ke 4531-4532, Buddhist calendar ke 1975, Islamic calendar ke 834-835, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -37 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* **[[Andrea Mantegna]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar, ke janam Venice me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
1506

**1506** (MDVI) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon  bif ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 506th aur 16th century 6th saal rahaa,  aur  1500s dassak ke 7th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1562-1563, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1427-1428, Kali Yuga ke 4606-4607, Buddhist calendar ke 2050, Islamic calendar ke 911-912, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 38 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 13 September - **[[Andrea Mantegna]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar, ke maut Mantua me bhais rahaa.

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Masaccio

**Masaccio** (, ; ; 21 December, 1401&nbsp;– summer 1428), janam ke naam **Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Simone**,  Florence, Italy ke ek chitrkaar rahaa, jiske pahila mahaan  Italian painter maana jaawe hae, Italian Renaissance ke  Quattrocento period me.  Vasari ke anusaar, Masaccio aapan generation ke sab se achchhaa chitrkaar rahaa, kaaheki uske hunnar (skill)  nature ke imitate kare me, lifelike figures ke banae me aur  movements aue iske alaawa  as a convincing sense of three-dimensionality. uu aapan figure me   nudes aur foreshortenings ke kaam me laais rahaa. Ii uske time se pahile nai karaa gais rahaa.
1445

**1445** (MCDXLV) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki suk ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 445th aur 15th century 45th saal rahaa,  aur  1440s dassak ke 6th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1501-1502, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1366-1367, Kali Yuga ke 4545-4546, Buddhist calendar ke 1989, Islamic calendar ke 848-849, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -23 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* **[[Sandro Botticelli]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke janam Florence me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Piero della Francesca

**Piero della Francesca** ( ,  ;;  1415 – 12 October 1492) ek Italian painter, mathematician aur geometer, Early Renaissance jamaana ke rahaa, jiske aaj-kal jaada kar ke uske chitrkaar ke khaatir jaana jaawe hae. Uske chitrkaari iske  serene humanism se characterised hae, iske  geometric forms ke kaam me laana aur  perspective. Uske sab se famous kaam hae the cycle of frescoes *The History of the True Cross* Basilica of San Francesco me jon ke Tuscan town Arezzo me hae.
1401

**1401** (MCDI) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon sanichar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 401st aur 15th century 1st saal rahaa,  aur  1400s dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1457-1458, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1322-1323, Kali Yuga ke 4501-4502, Buddhist calendar ke 1945, Islamic calendar ke 803-804, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -67 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 21 December - **[[Masaccio]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke janam Florence me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
1428

**1428** (MCDXXVIII) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon budh ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 428th aur 15th century 28th saal rahaa,  aur  1420s dassak ke 9th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1484-1485, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1349-1350, Kali Yuga ke 4528-4529, Buddhist calendar ke 1972, Islamic calendar ke 831-832, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke -40 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* **[[Masaccio]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke maut Rome me bhais rahaa.

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Andrea del Sarto

**Andrea del Sarto** (, , ; 16 July 1486 – 29 September 1530), Florence se ek Italian painter rahaa, jiske career  High Renaissance aur early Mannerism ke time flourish bhais rahaa. Sarto ke ek outstanding fresco decorator, altarpieces ke chitrkaar, portraitist, draughtsman, aur colorist se jaana jaawat rahaa. Sarto ke uske jindagi me ek chitrkaar bina mistake ke jaana jaawat rahaa, lekin uske maut ke baad duusra famous chitrkaar, jaise  Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, aur Raphael ke jaada yaad karaa jaawe hae.
1486

**1486** (MCDLXXXVI) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon etwaar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 486th aur 15th century 86th saal rahaa,  aur  1480s dassak ke 7th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1542-1543, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1407-1408, Kali Yuga ke 4586-4587, Buddhist calendar ke 2030, Islamic calendar ke 890-891, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 18 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 16 July - **[[Andrea del Sarto]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke janam Florence me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Tintoretto

**Jacopo Robusti** (late September or early October 151831 May 1594), jiske jaada kar ke **Tintoretto** ke naam se jaana jaawe hae ( ; , ), ek Italian Renaissance painter, Venetian school ke rahaa. Tintoretto ke time ke chitrkaar uske duuno   admire aur criticize karat rahin ki uu ketna jorr se paint karat rahaa aur uske  brushwork kaafi bold rahaa. Tintoretto ke jaada energy painting me, ke  kaatir uske "the Furious" bola jaawat rahaa. Uske kaam me muscular figures, dramatic gestures aur bold use of perspective, in the Mannerist style hae.
1518

**1518** (MDVIII) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon suk ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 518th aur 16th century 18th saal rahaa,  aur  1510s dassak ke 1st saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1574-1575, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1439-1440, Kali Yuga ke 4618-4619, Buddhist calendar ke 2062, Islamic calendar ke 923-924, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 50 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* **[[Tintoretto]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke janam Venice me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
Titian

**Tiziano Vecellio** (; 27 August 1576), jiske Latinized naam **Titianus** rahaa, jiske kaaran uske  English me **Titian** bola jaawat rahaa( ), ek Italian Renaissance painter rahaa. Uu Renaissance Venetian painting ke sab se jaada important chitrkaar rahaa, aur uske paidaais Pieve di Cadore,  Belluno ke lage bhais rahaa.
Paolo Veronese

**Paolo Caliari** (152819 April 1588), jiske **Paolo Veronese** ke naam se jaana jaawe hae( ,  ; ), ek Italian Renaissance painter rahaa jon  Venice me based rahaa, aur jiske ekdam barraa dharam aur mythology ke itihaasik chitrkaar khaatir jaana jaawat rahaa, jaise *The Wedding at Cana* (1563) aur *The Feast in the House of Levi* (1573).  Titian ke saathe, jon ek generation barraa rahaa, aur Tintoretto, 10 saal barraa, Veronese uu tiin jan me se ek hae jon Venicetian chitrkaari ke ke dominate karis rahaa  *[[cinquecento]]*" aur Late Renaissance 16th century me. Uske supreme colorist ke style se jaana jaawat rahaa, aur suruu me  Mannerism ke saathe, ek chitrkaari ke style ke develop karis jon naturalist style rahaa aur, Titian se influenced rahaa.
Anthony van Dyck

**Sir Anthony van Dyck** (;  ; 22 March 1599&nbsp;– 9 December 1641) ek Flemish Baroque artist rahaa jon England ke  leading court painter ban gais rahaa,  Spanish Netherlands aur Italy me safaltaa ke baad.
Saal ke suchi

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## See also
*List of decades, centuries, and millennia
*Lists of years by topic
*Timeline of the far future
*Year zero
1641

**1641** (MDCXLI) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon mangar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 641st aur 17th century 41st saal rahaa,  aur  1640s dassak ke 2nd saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1687-1698, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1562-1563, Kali Yuga ke 4741-4742, Buddhist calendar ke 2185, Islamic calendar ke 1050-1051, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 173 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 9 December - **[[Anthony van Dyck]]**, Netherlands ke chitrkaar, ke maut London me bhais rahaa.

## Chhutti aur teohaar

## References
List of decades, centuries, and millennia

The list below includes links to articles with further details for each millennium, century and decade from 15,000BC to AD3000.

## Notes

## See also

* Lists of years by topic
* List of timelines
* Chronology
* See calendar and list of calendars for other groupings of years
* See history, human history and periodization for different organizations of historical events
* For earlier time periods beyond the Earth, see:
** Timeline of the universe
** Chronology of the universe
* For earlier time periods on the Earth, see:
** Geologic time scale
** Timeline of the evolutionary history of life
** Timeline of prehistory
** Timelines of world history
* For future time periods, see:
** Timeline of the far future, events beyond the year 3000
** List of future astronomical events, predicted astronomical events
2nd millennium

**Duusra millennium** ek millennium rahaa jon saal 1001 se 2000 talak rahaa. Ii 1 January 1001 (MI) me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December (MMM) me khalaas bhais rahaa. Isme 11th century se 20th century rahaa.
1760s

**1760s** ke dassak 1 January 1760 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1769 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 18th century ke 7th dassak rahaa.
1750s

**1750s**, jiske "seventeen-fifties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1750 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1759 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 18th century ke 6th dassak rahaa. Ii dassak me EUrope se dher log jaae ke Americas me rahe lage rahin.
1740s

**1740s**, jiske "seventeen-forties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1740 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1749 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 18th century ke 5th dassak rahaa.
1730s

**1730s**, jiske "seventeen-thirties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1730 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1739 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 18th century ke 4th dassak rahaa.
1720s

**1720s**, jiske "seventeen-twenties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1720 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1729 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 18th century ke 3rd dassak rahaa.
1710s

**1710s**, jiske "seventeen-tens" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1710 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1719 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 18th century ke 2nd dassak rahaa.
1700–1709

**1700s**, jiske "seventeen-zeros" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1700 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1709 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 18th century ke 1st dassak rahaa.
1690s

**1690s**, jiske "sixteen-nineties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1690 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1699 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 10th dassak rahaa.
1680s

**1680s**, jiske "sixteen-eighties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1680 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1689 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 9th dassak rahaa.
1650s

**1650s**, jiske "sixteen-fifties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1650 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1659 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 6th dassak rahaa.
1670s

**1670s**, jiske "sixteen-seventies" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1670 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1679 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 8th dassak rahaa.
1640s

**1640s**, jiske "sixteen-forties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1640 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1649 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 5th dassak rahaa.
1630s

**1630s**, jiske "sixteen-thirties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1630 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1639 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 4th dassak rahaa.
1620s

**1620s**, jiske "sixteen-twenties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1620 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1629 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 3rd dassak rahaa.
1660s

**1660s**, jiske "sixteen-sixties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1660 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1669 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 7th dassak rahaa.
1610s

**1610s**, jiske "sixteen-tens" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1610 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1619 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 2nd dassak rahaa.
1600–1609

**1600s**, jiske "sixteen-noughts" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1600 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1609 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 17th century ke 1st dassak rahaa.
Ahmadiyya Muslim Primary School Lautoka

**Ahmadiyya Muslim Primary School Lautoka** (School Code: 2395) Fiji ke ek primary achool hae jon Viti Levu ke Western Division me hae.
Jusepe de Ribera

**Jusepe de Ribera** (; baptised 17 February 1591 – 3 November 1652), Spain ke ek chitrkaar aur printmaker rahaa. Ribera, Francisco de Zurbarán, Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, aur Diego Velázquez ke Spanish Baroque painting ke khaas chitrkaar maana jaawe hae.  Jusepe de Ribera ke José de Ribera (jaada kar ke Spanish aur French me), Josep de Ribera (Catalan me), ke naam se bhi jaana jaaat rahaa aur uske   Lo Spagnoletto ("the Little Spaniard" Italian me) ke naam se uske jamaana ke chitrkaar aur pajile ke early historian uske jaanat rahin.
1591

**1591 (MDXCI)** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon mangar ke roj suruu bhae rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 591st aur 16th century ke 91st saal rahaa,  aur  1590s dassak ke 2nd saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1647-1648, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1512-1513, Kali Yuga ke 4691-4692, Buddhist calendar ke 2135, Islamic calendar ke 999-1000, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 123 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 17 February - **[[Jusepe de Ribera]]**, Spain ke chitrkaar ke janam Valencia me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## References
1652

**1652 (MDCLII)** ek leap saal rahaa, jon sombaar ke roj suruu bhae rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 652nd aur 17th century ke 52nd saal rahaa,  aur  1590s dassak ke 3rd saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1708-1709, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1573-1574, Kali Yuga ke 4752-4753, Buddhist calendar ke 2196, Islamic calendar ke 1062-1063, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 184 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 3 November - **[[Jusepe de Ribera]]**, Spain ke chitrkaar ke maut Naples me bhais rahaa.

## References
Marc Chagall

**Marc Chagall**(janam **Moishe Shagal**; 6 July 1887 – 28 March 1985 ek  Russian aur French chitrkaar rahaa. Uu ek sab se pahila modernist rahaa, aur the École de Paris se associated rahaa, aur iske alaawa dher khaas artistic styles aur chitr banais rahaa dher artistic formats, including painting, drawings, book illustrations, stained glass, stage sets, ceramics, tapestries and fine art prints me.
René Magritte

**René François Ghislain Magritte** (; 21 November 1898 – 15 August 1967) ek Belgian surrealist chitrkaar rahaa, jiske uske depictions of familiar objects in unfamiliar, unexpected contexts, which often provoked questions about the nature and boundaries of reality and representation, ke khaatir jaana jaawe hae. Uske imagery pop art, minimalist art, aur conceptual art ke influence karis rahaa.
1580s

**1580s**, jiske "fifteen-eighties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1580 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1589 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 9th dassak rahaa.
15th century

**15th century**, 1 January 1401 (MCDI) ke suruu bhais aur 31 December 1500 (MD) ke khalaas bhais. Europe me 15th century me Late Middle Ages, Early Renaissance aur early modern period hae.
1570s

**1570s**, jiske "fifteen-seventies" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1570 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1579 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 8th dassak rahaa.
1560s

**1560s**, jiske "fifteen-sixties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1560 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1569 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 7th dassak rahaa.
1550s

**1550s**, jiske "fifteen-fifties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1550 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1559 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 6th dassak rahaa.
1540s

**1540s**, jiske "fifteen-forties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1540 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1549 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 5th dassak rahaa.
1590s

**1590s**, jiske "fifteen-nineties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1590 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1599 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 10th dassak rahaa.
1530s

**1530s**, jiske "fifteen-thirties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1530 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1539 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 4th dassak rahaa.
1510s

**1510s**, jiske "fifteen-tens" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1510 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1519 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 2nd dassak rahaa.
Dar

**Dar** ek chhota gaon baa jo ki Akhnoor tehsil, Jammu district me, Jammu aur Kashmir ke Union Territory, India me rahaa. 2011 Census ke hisaab se, gaon me 35 parivar rahaa, aur kul abaadi 122 rahaa, jisme 66 purush aur 56 mahila rahaa.

## Geography
Dar gaon ke kul khetar 58.7 hectare (0.58 km²) baa. Gaon ke census code **005557** baa.  Sab se najdik police station Akhnoor me baa.

## History
Dar gaon pehle ek raj gharana se jural rahaa, jiske naam House of Dar baa. Ee khandan Kashmiri Pandit Brahmin asal ke rahaa. Iske shuruaat  me Maharaja *Vishnu Charan* aur *Indrani* *Manjari Dar* se maan jala aur baad mein Maharaja Virendra Mohan Dar.

Unke vansaj log Dar ilaqa me rahal jab tak Raja Mukunda Mohan Dar (baad me Dhar) janam na le (b. 1802). Uke beta Hara Mohan Dhar rahaa. Uke pota Dewan Mohini Mohan Dhar, je Mayurbhanj Rajya me judge rahaa, baad me parivar ke Bengal disha me le gail.

Mohini Mohan Dhar ke beta log me Barrister Dhirendra Mohan Dhar**,** Esq**.** aur Satyendra Mohan Dhar**,** C.I.E., I.C.S. rahaa. Ee dono log British India me kanooni aur prashasnik pad par rahaa. Baad me parivar ke surname "Dar" se badal ke "Dhar" ho gail, jab se uu log Bangladesh, West Bengal aur Odisha me bas gail.

## Population
0–6 saal ke bachcha ke ginti 16 rahaa, jo ki kul abaadi ke 13.11% baa. Dar ke sex ratio 848 baa, jo Jammu aur Kashmir ke state average 889 se kam baa. Child sex ratio 778 baa, jo state ke average 862 se bhi kam baa.

Dar gaon ke literacy rate 86.79% baa, jo Jammu aur Kashmir state ke 67.16% se adhik baa. Purush literacy 89.47% aur mahila literacy 83.67% baa.

## Government
Bharat ke samvidhan aur Panchayati Raj Act ke hisaab se, Dar gaon ke Sarpanch duara sanchalit kara jala, jo gaon ke chuna gail pratinidhi baa.

## Amenities
2011 census data ke hisaab se, gaon me school aur hospital ke bare me koi sarvajanik jaankari nai milaa.

## See Also

* Akhnoor
* Jammu district
* Kashmiri Pandit

## References

*

## External Links

* Census data - Dar gaon
1500–1509

**1500–1509**, jiske "fifteen-noughta" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1500 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1509 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 16th century ke 1st dassak rahaa.
1490s

**1490s**, jiske "fourteen-nineties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1490 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1499 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 15th century ke 10th dassak rahaa.
14th century

**14th century**, 1 January 1301 (MCCCI) ke suruu bhais aur 31 December 1400 (MCD) ke khalaas bhais. Ii anumaan lagaawa jaawe hae ki ii century me 45 million log ke maut rajnitik aur natural disaster se Europe aur Mongol Empire me bhais rahaa.
1480s

**1480s**, jiske "fourteen-eighties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1480 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1489 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 15th century ke 9th dassak rahaa.
1470s

**1470s**, jiske "fourteen-seventies" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1470 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1479 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 15th century ke 8th dassak rahaa.
1460s

**1460s**, jiske "fourteen-sixties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1460 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1469 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 15th century ke 7th dassak rahaa.
1450s

**1450s**, jiske "fourteen-fifties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1450 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1459 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 15th century ke 6th dassak rahaa.
1440s

**1440s**, jiske "fourteen-forties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1440 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1449 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 15th century ke 5th dassak rahaa.
1430s

**1430s**, jiske "fourteen-thirties" bola jaawe hae, ke dassak 1 January 1430 me suruu bhais rahaa aur 31 December 1439 me khalaas bhais rahaa. Ii 15th century ke 4th dassak rahaa.