Algeria

**Algeria** (**[[Arbii bhasa|Arbii]]: الجزائر**, Literary Arabic Pronounciation: *al-Jazā’ir* IPA2:ælʤæˈzæːʔir, Algerian Arabic aur Berber pronounciation: Dzayer, IPA:ˈdzæjər, ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ ), official naam **People's Democratic Republic of Algeria**, North Africa ke ek des hae. Ii Mediterranean sea ke border kare waala sab se barraa des hae, African continent ke duusra sab se barraa des hae aur land- area me dunia ke 11th sab se barraa des hae. Iske northeast me Tunisia, east me Libya, southeast me Niger, southwest me Mali aur Mauritania, west me Western Sahara, northwest me Morocco aur north me in the north me Mediterranean Sea hae. Iske area 2,400,000&nbsp;km² aur population 42,000,000 hae (2018). Iske capital Algiers hae.

Algeria Arab League, United Nations, African Union aur OPEC ke member hae. Iske haanth Arab Maghreb Union ke banae me rahaa.

Algeria ke naam iske capital city, Algiers (*Al-jazā’ir* Arabii me) se aais hae. 

## Etymology
ii des ke naam Algiers city se aais hae. ii city ke naam *Al-jazā’ir*, se aais hae jon ki city ke purana naam jazā’ir banī mazghanā, jiske matla Arbii me "the islands of Mazghanna" se aais hae. 

Purana time me northern Algeria ke Numidia naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, jisme western Tunisia aureastern Morocco bhi rahaa.

## Bhasa
Algeria ke official bhasa Arbii aur Berber hae. French bhasa ke bhi kaam me lawa jaae hae.

## Itihaas
Berber log 10,000 BC se ii jagah pe rahe hae. 1000 BC ke baad Carthaginian log aae ke hian pe base lagin lekin Berber logan Punic Wars ke baad Carthage se ajaad hoe gain. Lekin 200 BC me Rome ii jagah ke aapan niche kar liis. Jab Western Roman Empire khalaas hoe gais tab Berbers ligan kuch jagah pe control karin aur Vandals log duusra jaah pe. Ii jagah ii rakam rahaa jab talak ki Byzantine Emperor, Justinian I ii jagah ke aapan niche nai karis. 642 aur 669 ke biich me Arbii logan Islam aur Arbii bhasa ke haen pe laain. 

Ii 5 July 1962 ke Algeria, France se ajaad bhaes rahaa.

## Algeria ke President ke Title
* 1954 - 1962: **President of the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic**
* 1962 - 1962: **Chairman of the Provisional Executive**
* 1962 - 1963: **President of the National Constituent Assembly**
* 1963 - 1965: **President of the Republic**
* 1965 - 1976: **Chairman of the Revolutionary Council**
* 1976 - 1992: **President of the Republic**
* 1992 - 1994: **Chairman of the High Council of State**
* 1994 - 1995: **State President**
* 1995 - *Present*: **President of the Republic**

## Provinces aur districts

Algeria ke 48 province (*wilaya*), 553 district (*[[daïra]]*) aur 1,541 municipalities (*baladiyah*) me baata gais hae. Ii sab province, district, aur municipality ke naam iske Capital se aais hae, jon ki jaada kar ke ek barraa city hae.
Algerian constitution ke niche , ek province *a territorial collectivity enjoying some economic freedom* hae.

People's Provincial Assembly, ek proince ke political governing entity hae, jiske ek "president" ahe hae, jiske assembly ke member logan chune hae. Ii sab member logan ke common roll se har paanch saal me chuna jaawe hae. Sab province me ek "Wali" (Prefect nai to governor) rahe hae, jiske Algeria ke President choose kare hae. 

Administrative division ke ajaadi ke baad dher dafe badla gais hae. Jab nawaa province banawa gais hae tab purana province ke number nai badla gais, aur ii kaaran se province ke suchi alphabetical order me nai hae. 

## Chapa ke gallery


File:Roman Arch of Trajan at Thamugadi (Timgad), Algeria 04966r.jpg|Roman ruins
File:Mosquée Jamaa al-Jdid d'Alger.jpg|Algiers ke grand masjid
File:Algeri04.jpg|Cosmopolitan Algiers
File:Monument of the Martyrs 01 Algiers.jpg|Monument of the Martyrs 
File:NOTRE DAME D'AFRIQUE.ALGER.jpg|Notre Dame d'Afrique
File:Algiers mosque.jpg|El Jedid Masjid
File:Tasdawit n Bgayet 01.jpg|Béjaïa University

Image:Alger-night.jpg | street of Zighout Youcef in Algiers (north)

Image:Timgad10.JPG | Roman ruins of Timgad (north-eastern)
| El-Kantara in Biskra (south).




## References