open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Gautama Buddha

**Siddhārta Gautama** ek mahaan tapasvee shikshak jon ki Buddhism dharam ke suruu karis rahaa. Siddhaarth Gautam,[ee] jinhen aamataur par Buddha (jaagrit aadmi) ke roop mein jaana jaata hai jo 6thee ya 5veen shataabdee eesa poorv ke dauraan Bharat mein rahate the aur Buddh dharm kee sthaapana kee. 

Ashoka jaise dher raja uske dharam me biswas kare rahin aur duniya bhar me failain. 

Gautama ke janam ek chhotaa des, Kapilavastu, jon jagha abhi Nepal me hae, me bhais rahaa. Baad me uu India ke east me, jaise ki Magadha aur Kośala, me parchaar karis rahaa.

Hindu dharam me uske Vishnu ke 10 autaar me se ek maana jaae hae. Duniya ke aur dharam, jaise ki Ahmadiyya Islamic religious movement aur Bahá'í Faith, uske Bhagwaan, nai to masiha maane hae.

Buddha ka janm lumbinee mein hua tha, jo ab nepaal hai, Shaakay vansh ke Raj parivar ke ghar me. Bauddhon ka maanana ​​hai ki bhikshaavrtti, tapasya aur dhyaan ka jeevan jeene ke baad, unhonne bodhagaya, jo ab bhaarat hai, mein nirvaan praapt kiya. isake baad buddh nichale sindhu-ganga ke maidaan mein ghoomate rahe, shiksha dete rahe aur mathavaasee vyavastha ka nirmaan karate rahe. bauddh parampara yah maanatee hai ki unakee mrtyu kusheenagar mein huee aur parinirvaan, antim vilupti tak pahunch gae.[dee]

bauddh parampara ke anusaar, buddh ne kaamuk bhog aur gambheer tapasya ke beech ek madhy maarg sikhaaya, [8] jisase agyaanata, laalasa, punarjanm aur peeda se mukti milee. unakee mukhy shikshaon ko chaar mahaan satyon aur mahaan aath guna path mein sankshepit kiya gaya hai, man ka ek prashikshan jisamen naitik prashikshan aur doosaron ke prati dayaaluta, aur dhyaan sambandhee abhyaas jaise indriy sanyam, dimaageepan, dhyaan (uchit dhyaan) aur aashrit kee avadhaarana shaamil hai. utpatti, sabhee cheejon kee anity aur paraspar judee prakrti par jor detee hai.

unakee mrtyu ke lagabhag do shataabdiyon ke baad, unhen buddh kee upaadhi se jaana jaane laga; [9] unakee shikshaon ko bauddh samudaay dvaara vinay, mathavaasee abhyaas ke lie unake kod aur unake aadhaar par shikshaon ke sankalan sutt pitak mein sankalit kiya gaya tha. pravachan. inhen maukhik parampara ke maadhyam se madhy indo-aaryan boliyon mein prasaarit kiya gaya tha. [10] [11] baad kee peedhiyon ne atirikt granthon kee rachana kee, jaise vyavasthit granth jinhen abhidharm ke naam se jaana jaata hai, buddh kee jeevaniyaan, unake pichhale jeevan ke baare mein kahaaniyon ka sangrah jinhen jaatak kathaen kaha jaata hai, aur atirikt pravachan, yaanee mahaayaan sootr. [12] [13]

bauddh dharm vibhinn paramparaon aur prathaon mein vikasit hokar bhaarateey upamahaadveep se pare phail gaya. buddh ko hindoo dharm jaisee any dhaarmik paramparaon mein maanyata praapt hai, jahaan unhen vishnu ka avataar maana jaata hai. unakee viraasat na keval dhaarmik sansthaanon mein samaahit hai, balki unake jeevan aur shikshaon se prerit pratima vigyaan aur kala mein bhee hai, jisamen prateekaatmak prateekon se lekar vibhinn saanskrtik shailiyon mein pratishthit chitran shaamil hain.

## Other websites

* A page about the Buddha's Life
* A page about the Buddha and Buddhism
* Google knol's article on Gautama Buddha
M. N. Naidu

**M Narainswamy Naidu**, jiske jaada kar ke M. N. Naidu ke naam se jaana jaawe hae, ek South Indian businessman, samaj sewak aur Fiji me Sangam suruu kare waala ek jan rahaa.

## Jawani ke din

Uu India ke Triuneleveli district ke Tenkasi gaon me paida bhais rahaa. UU 1907 me girmit me Fiji aais rahaa aur uske Labasa bheja gais rahaa. Kahe ke uu Fiji ke South Indian samaj ke thora jan me se ek rahaa jon ki parrhe likhe sakat rahaa, uu log ke chitthi likhe me madat karat rahaa aur kuch din me uske South Indian logan aapan neta maane lagin rahaa. Uu aapan samaj khatir plays bhi karwais rahaa.

## Samaj Sewa

1914 me uu Lautoka gais aur aapan busines suru karis. Kuchh din me uske lage Nadi se lae ke Ba district, Fiji talak duukan rahaa 1920s ke suruu me uu Namoli, Lautoka me ek Naidu School banais rahaa, jiske master me Pandit Vishnu Deo bhi rahaa.

26 May 1926 me jab Then India Sanmarga Ikya Sangam of Fiji ke suruwaat bhais rahaa tab Naidu ke uske ek Vice-President chuna gais rahaa. Uu Sadhu Kuppuswamy ke saathe kam karis hae aur uske ii kaam ke khatir Dhanaveer ke upadhi dewa gis rahaa. 1926 me uske Lovu Sangam School ke mamager banawa gais rahaa. Uu Nadi me el library bhi banais rahaa. Uu Rama Krishna Mission ke saathe bhi kaam karis hae aur uske Swamy Avinashananda aur Swamy Rudrananda ke Fiji laawe me bhi haanth rahaa.

## Opponent of Nomination System

1934 me jab Governor Fletcher ii batais ki Fiji ke Legislative Council me South Indian logan nominated member maange hae, tab Naidu, duusra South Indian neta logan ke saathe,meetinf organise kar ke Governor ke lage petition bhej ke nomination system ke virod karin.

## Opposition to Kisan Sangh

1937 me jab Kisan Sangh, South Indian log ke ii ganna ke kisan ke union me join kare ke kosis karis, tab Naidu aur duusra South Indian neta log ke saathe South Indian kisan ke ii batais ki uu logan ke aapan sanskriti aur sikchha me dhyan de ke chaahi.

## References
*  Then India Sanmarga Ikya Sangam
Abdul Lateef

**Abdul Lateef** ( ? – 2008), Fiji ke ek football administrator, wakiil aur politician rahaa. Uu 1960 se 1962 talak aur 1966 se 1967 talak Fiji Football Association ke President rahaa. Uu Ratu Mara ke khaas dost rahaa aur 1966 ke election me  Legislative Council me Southern Indian Cross-voting Constituency se Alliance ticket se chuna gais rahaa. 
Uu Suva ke Methodist Mission school me parr ke teacher training karis. Uu teaching chhorrr ke ek law firm me kaam kare laga.  Uske lage Bachelor of Arts aur Bachelor of Law ke degree, University of Tasmania 91952) se rahaa. Uu suruu me wakiili, Cromptons law firm me suruu karis rahaa lekin 1972 me aapan firm,  Lateef & Lateef suruu karis.  Uu Nausori Golf Club, Nausori Club aur Union Club ke suruu kare waala log me se ek rahaa. Uu Indian Association of Fiji ke pardhaan bhi rahaa.

## References
*Devremülk sözleşmesinin iptali
* Lateef and Lateef: The Founder
A. R. Manu

**A. R. Manu (J.P.)**, 1956 se 1957 talak Fiji ke Legislative Council ke dui Hindustani nominated member me se ek rahaa. Uu Fiji me  Maunatul Islam Association banae waala member me se ek rahaa. Ii Association, jon Muslim log South India se aawe rahin, ke represent karat rahaa. Manu ek samaj sewak rahaa aur Lautoka district, Fiji ke SPCA ke ek member bhi rahaa.
Irene Jai Narayan

**Irene Jai Narayan** (1932 - 2011), India me paida bhais, Fiji ke ek teacher aur politician hae. Uu famous bhais jab, 1966 ke election me uu bahut din ke Legislative Council ke member, Andrew Deoki ke harae diis. Uu National Federation Party (NFP) ke taraf se Suva City Constituency ke 1968 ke by-election, 1972 ke election, 1977 ke duuno election aur 1982 ke election bhi jiitis rahaa.  1976 se 1979 talak  uu National Federation Party ke  President rahii, 1977 se 1979 talak, Opposition Whip aur 1979 se 1985 talak, Deputy Opposition Leader. Uu S. M. Koya ke kattar virodi rahis aur 1977 me jab NFP split hoe gais tab uu Flower faction me rahii. 1985 me uu khaali kuchh vote se  NFP ke leader bane se bachis kuchhdin baad NFP se resign kar ke ek Independent member hoe gais. 1987 se pahile, uu Alliance Party ke member ban gais. 1987 ke election me uu Suva City Indian National Constituency se kharraa bhais lekin haar gais. 1987 ke coup ke baad uu, dui Hindustani me se ek rahis jon ki Rabuka ke sarkar me 1987 se 1992 talak rahis aur Minister of Indian Affairs rahii. 1994 se 1999 talak uske ek Senator banawa gais rahaa. Iske baad uske samband Fiji National Congress, Christian Democratic Party aur New Alliance Party se rahaa.
Sathi Narain

**Sir Sathi Narain** (1919 - 19 October 1989), Fiji ke ek Hindustani businessman aur politician rahaa. Uu aapan mahinat se Fiji ke ek sab se barraa company, Narain Construction, banais, jiske haanth Fiji ke kuchh barraa building banaae me rahaa. 1956 me uu Suva City Council ke election jiit ke ek Councillor banaa. 1959 me Governor uske Legislative Council ek nominated Indian member banais rahaa. Uu Suva ke Union Club ke member rahaa, jahaan pe uske *Tui Koro* (kahe ke uu aapan bachpan Koro Island me bitais rahaa) ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa. Uu Savusavu me ek school, Khemendra Bhartiya School ke banais rahaa aur ek park khatir bhi jamiin diis rahaa. 1970 me, Fiji ke ajaadi ke time, Narain ke OBE (Order of British Empire) milaa aur 1980 me uske Knighthood milaa. 1986 me uu Brisbane, Australia me jaae ke rahe lagaa, jahan pe uske maut 1989 me bhais rahaa.
R. D. Patel

**Raojibhai Dahyabhai Patel**, jiske R. D. Patel (nai to khaali RD) ke naam se bhi jaana jaawat rahaa, Fiji ke ek wakiil aur Legislative Council aur House of Repesentatives ke member rahaa. Uu House of Representaives ke pahila Hindustani Speaker bhi rahaa. 1966 ke election me jab uske Ba Indian Communal Constituency ke khatir National Federation Party (NFP) ke ticket milaa tab kuchh log sochat rahin ki iske kaaran ii rahaa ki uu NFP ke leader A. D. Patel ke chhota bhaiya rahaa. RD ii election ke James Shankar Singh ke virod me muskil se jiit liis. 1968 ke by-election uu ii seat ke jaada bahumati se jiitis. 1969 me jab, A. D. Patel ke maut hoe gais tab kuch loag RD ke NFP ke leader banae maangat rahin. Ii time S. M. Koya NFP ke leader banaa. 1972 ke election me RD nawaa House of Representatives me fir se Ba Indian Communal Constituency se jiitis. Iske baad uske House of Representatives ke Speaker banawa gais aur fir se kuchh log iske kaaran ii dekhin ki Koya maangat rahaa ki uske leadership ke challenge kare waala ke neutral role dewa jaawe. RD, lekin, political meeting aur Koya ke policy ke virod me bole se chuka nai. 1975 me uu Koya ke virod me Parliament se resign kar diis. By-election me uu official NFP candidate, Koya ke virod me kharra bhais lekin haar gais. March 1977 ke election me uu Lautoka Indian Communal Constituency me Koya ke virod me kharra bhais. Uu ii election haar gais lekin ii challenge Koya ke taagat kamtii kar diis aur uu aage ke election haar gais.
Karam Chand Ramrakha

**Karam Chand Ramrakha**, Fiji ke ek Hindustani, wakiil, union ke leader aur Legislative Council aur House of Representatives ke member rahaa. Uske pitaji, Odin Ramrakha bhi politics me rahaa aur Federation Party ke form hoe ke baad usme join hoe waala pahila member me se ek rahaa. 1966 ke election me uu Federation Party ke ticket pe Tailevu-Rewa Indian Communal Constituency se Legislative Council ke khatir kharraa bahaes. Election ke natija rahaa:
::
1968 ke by-election me me uu aur jaada bahumati se jiitis. Fiji ke ajaadi ke baad 1972 me pahila House of Representatives me bhi uske jiit Nausori ke constituency se asaani se fir bhaes lekin ii time talak uske aur S. M. Koya ke biich me madbhed jaada hoe lagaa rahaa. 1977 me jab NFP split hoe gais tab uu Flower Faction ke ek leader rahaa, lekin jab Flower Faction Dove se jaada seat jiit liis tab Ramrakha, Jai Ram Reddy ke taagat ke barrhe se roke ke khatir leader ke position pe aapan (ek Kaiviti candidate kharraa karis). Issme uske haar ke kaaran uu Flower Faction se bi alak hoe gais aur 1982 me politics se retire hoe gais. Ramrakha, 1966 se 1977 talak, NFP ke General Secretary aur Opposition Whip rahaa. Uu Fiji Teachers Union ke President bhi bahut din talak rahaa. Abhi uu Sydney, Australia me rahe hae.
K. S. Reddy

**Krishna Samy Reddy**, Fiji ke ek Hindustani, master, unionist, politician aur Ratu Mara ke Alliance Sarkar me ek cabinet member rahaa. 

Uu Fiji me Sangam ke South Indian log ke khatir sikchha ke sudhare ke campaign ke faeda uthae waala ek pahila jan rahaa. Uu Fiji me aapan parrhae khalaas kare ke baad, overseas jaae ke aapn degree paais aur jab Nadi me Shri Vivekananda igh School banaa tab uu iske pahila Principal rahaa.  

1941 me jab ek kisan ke union, Maha Sangh bana, tab Reddy ke pitaji uske pahila Secretary banaa aur uske maut ke baad Reddy ke Secretary banawa gais. 1953 me Governor uske Legislative Council me nominate karis aur iske kaaran uske aur Maha Sangh ke leader ke biich me Sangh ke leadership ke khatir tension barrha. Duuno ke biich me tension etna barrhaa ki 1956 me Reddy, Police ke balae ke non-financial member log keek meeting se nikalwais aur 1960 ke  cane contract ke negotiation ke time Maha Sangh ke dui faction rahaa.

Baad me uu Allaince Party ke join kar liis aur 1966 ke election me uu Western Indian Cros-voting constituency se jiitis aur uske Executive Council ke member aur Assistant Minister f Education banawa gais. Ajaadi ke baad uske Viti Levu ke east me ek safe seat dewa gais aur uu 1982 talak House of Representatives ke member rahaa.
Chirag Ali Shah

**Chirag Ali Shah** Fiji ke ek Hindustani kisan aur politician rahaa.

1963 me uske Governor Fiji ke Legislative Council me nominate karis rahaa. Jab ki isse pahile, nominated member logan jaada kar ke sarkar ke samarthan karat rahin, Shah, A. D. Patel, S. M. Koya aur James Madhavan ke saathe hoe ke Federation Party ke member banaa. 

Uu 1965 me London Constitutional Conference me hissa liis rahaa, jisme uu, aapan tiin aur saathi ke saathe, nawaa constitution ke virod me vote karis rahaa. 

1966 ke election me uu North-East Viti Levu Indian Communal Constituency me Federation Party ke taraf se kharraa bhais rahaa. Ek tiin-cornered election me result rahaa:

::

1968 ke by-election me uske virod me M.T. Khan kharra bhais rahaa jon ki pahile Federation me rahaa. Election ke result rahaa:

::

1972 ke election me Tavua / Vaileka Indian Communal Constituency se jiitis. Uu Koya ke supporter rahaa aur 1977 ke duusra election me Dove Faction ke support karis aur Koya ke rakam aapan seat haar gais.
C. P. Singh

**Chandra Pal Singh** Fiji ke ek Hindustani politician rahaa, jon ki 1963 se 1966 talak Fiji ke Legislative Council ke ek nominated member. Uu Federation Party ke common roll ke maang ke virod karat rahaa. Uske khaas haanth  Navua Soccer Association ke suruu kare me rahaa.

1962 me uu Fiji Broadcasting Commission ke member rahaa.
Ujagar Singh

**Ujagar Singh**, Fiji ke ek Hindustani politician rahaa jon ki 1968 ke by-election me Nasinu Indian Communal Constituency se Legislative Council me chuna gais rahaa. Uu Fiji me Sikh logan ke dher yogdaan diis rahaa aur 1960 se Khalsa College ke ek teacher rahaa.

December 1966 me, Ba Township Board ke pahila election me, uu Varadoli Ward se unopposed chuna gais rahaa. 1968 me, Legislaive Council me chuna jaae ke baad uu Board se resign kar diis.
Abuja

**Abuja**, Nigeria ke capital city hae. Ii Nigeria ke Federal Capital Territory (FCT) me hae. Abuja ek "planned city" hae, jiske 1980s me banawa gais rahaa jisse ki uu  12 December 1991 ke Nigeria ke capital ban jaae, purana capital, Lagos ke jagha pe. 2006 ke census ke anusaar, the Federal Capital Territory kepopulation 778,567 rahaa.

### Abuja ke chapa

Image:Abuja3.jpg|Abuja Office Building
Image:Central bank nigeria.jpg|Headquarters of the Central Bank of Nigeria in Abuja
Image:Abuja gate.jpg|Abuja City Gate
| Ship House, Defense Headquarters
Image:Abuja Millennium Park.jpg|Millennium Park


### Abuja landmarks

## References

## External links
* Official site of Nigeria's Federal Capital Territory (FCT) and City of Abuja 
* Abuja.Net
* Abuja Bid Announcement 
* Abujacity.com
* for information about life in Abuja 
* More Pictures of Abuja 

* FallingRain Map - elevation = 777m
Osama bin Laden

**Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden** (Arbii: أسامة بن محمد بن عوض بن لادن; 10 March 1957 http://www.interpol.int/Public/Data/Wanted/Notices/Data/1998/32/1998_20232.asp , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) ke naam se jaana jaawe hae, ek Islamic fundamentalist hae. Uu ek bahut dhani bin Laden family palwaar ke member hae. Uu al-Qaeda ke suruu karis rahaa. Ill ke upar Angrezi(English) aur Hindi picture bhi bane gaye the. 

Inke sambandh the Taliban. 

**Bache**: 22

## references
Swahili bhasa

**Swahili bhasa** ek Niger-Congo bhasa hae jiske East Africa bhar me log samjge hae. Swahili bhasa me iske naam **Kiswahili** hae. Ii ek Bantu bhasa hae.

Swahili bhasa ke ek barraa jagha, southern Somalia se lae ke northern Mozambique aur Kenya bhar me baat karaa jaawe hae. Jab ki khaali paanch million log ke ii pahila bhasa hae, fifty million log ke ii duusra bhasa hae. Swahili East Africa ke lingua franca hoe gais hae. Ii African Union ke ek official bhasa bhi hae.

**Swahili bhasa** me baat kare ke suruu Africa ke East Coast aur bagal ke island me bhais rahaa. Abhi Swahili Tanzania aur Kenya ke official bhasa. Ii bhasa pe Arbii bhasa ke jaada asar hae.

## Vocabulary
Niche Swahili bhasa ke kuchh sabd hae.
* haan - ndiyo
* nai - hapana
* achchha - sawa

* ek - moja [mow'-jah]
* dui - mbili [uhm'-bee'-lee]
* tiin - tatu [tah'-too]
* chaar - nne [uhn'-nay]
* paanch - tano [tah'-no]
* chhe - sita [see'-tah]
* saat - saba [sah'-buh]
* aath - nane [nah'-nay]
* nau - tisa [tee'-suh]
* das - kumi [koo'-mee]

### Hafta ke din
 

## Duusra websites
* Kamusi Project  Internet Living Swahili Dictionary

## References
Noor Dean

**Noor Dean** (janam: 1946) Fiji ke ek Hindustani wakiil aur politician rahaa, jon ki Suva City Council aur Fiji ke House of Representatives ke member rahaa. 

Uske janam Suva, Fiji me 1946 me bhais rahaa. Uu ek barraa jan ke palwaar me sab se barraa larrka rahaa. Uske abba, Rahmat Dean rahaa, jon ki Suva ke Toorak Mosque ke design karis rahaa. Dean, Fiji Muslim League ke aapan yogdaan diis hae aur uu ek master aur Principal bhi rahaa. Uu aapan wakiili ke parrhae Grays Inn, London me karis rahaa. Uu United Kingdom aur Fiji ke Bar ke member hae. Uu 1972 se Suva City Council me National Federation Party (NFP) ke taraf se elect bhaes rahaa aur 1982 se 1983 talak Suva City ke Lord Mayor bhi rahaa.  Dean, NFP ke Branch Secretary, Youth Leader, National Organising Secretary aur National Vice-President rahaa. Uu ek Trade Unionist bhi rahaa aur uu Fiji Teachers Union ke Assistant General Secretary bhi rahaa.

1987 ke election khatir NFP-Labour Coalition uske Labasa/Bua Indian Communal Constituency ke khatir aapan candidate chunis aur uu ii election ke sahaj se jiit gais. Uske Deputy Speaker banawa gais rahaa lekin Prliament ke member khaali ek mahina talak rahaa jab ki 1987 Fijian coups d'état uske political career ke khatam kar diis. 14 May 1987 me uu Bavadra sarkar ke 28 memeber me se ek rahaa jiske Rabuka hostage le liis rahaa.

Uske lage paanch larrkan hae aur uu abhi Victoria, Australia me rahe hae. Uu abhi Islamic Council of Victoria (ICV) ke Vice President hae aur Australian Islamic Foundation Inc. ke founding member. 1989 se uu Fiji Islamic Society me  Vice President, Secretary aur President rahaa. Dean ke International Congress for Fiji Indians (ICFI) ke Vice-President, 2005-2007 khatir chuna gais rahaa.

Abhi uu  Victoria, Australia ke Buxton and Associates law firm ke ek patner hae.
Eqbal Mohammed

**Eqbal Mohammed** Fiji ke ek Hindustani wakiil aur politician rahaa. 1971 me uske Leader of the Opposition, S. M. Koya, Fiji ke Senate me nominate karis rahaa, jisem uu 1976 talak rahaa. Iske baad uu Alliance Party ke join kar liis aur September 1977 ke election me Alliance Party ke taraf se North-Central Indian National Constituency se House of Representatives ke khatir chuna gais rahaa.
Karela

***Karela*** ek faile waala paudha hae jis ki garam des me hoe hae aur jiske fal ke khawa jaawe hae. Ii khaae me karrua hae. English me iske naam hae **bitter melon** nai to **bitter gourd** ,  **goya** Japanese me, **ampalaya** Tagalog me , aur **karella**  Punjabi, Hindi-Urdu, Nepali  and Bengali,  **khổ qua**/ **mướp đắng** Vietnamese me. South American aur Caribbean me iske **Carilla**, **Balsamino** aur **Saraseed** bola jaawe hae.

Iske jaada kar ke India aur Indian subcontinent ke duusra des, aur Southeast Asia, China, Africa, aur Caribbean me boya jaawe hae.





## Gallery


(Various images from Wikipedia)

Image:Momordica charantia Blanco2.357.png|Flora of the Philippines (1880-83)
Image:Momordica charantia 04.JPG|Flower
Image:Momordica charantia - Female flower.JPG|Female flower
Image:Momordica charantia - Male flower.JPG|Male flower
Image:Momordica charantia - flower 01.jpg|Flower
Image:Momordica charantia - flower 02.jpg|Flower
Image:MomordicaCharantia flowers.jpg|Flowers
Image:Charantia_flower.jpg|Flower
Image:Momordica charantia - Immature fruit.JPG|Immature fruit
Image:Momordica charantia - fruit 01.JPG|Fruit
Image:Momordica charantia - Fruit 02.JPG|Fruit
Image:Momordica charantia 05.JPG
Image:Momordica charantia 01.JPG
Image:Momordica charantia1.jpg
Image:ニガウリの変態P9060068.jpg|Ripe fruit


## References

* Abascal K, Yarnell E (2005) "Using bitter melon to treat diabetes" Altern Complemen Ther 11(4):179-184

* 

* Baldwa VS, Bhandari CM, Pangaria A, Goyal RK (1977) “Clinical trial in patients with diabetes mellitus of an insulin-like compound obtained from plant source” Upsala J Med Sci 82:39-41.

## External links

* "An Acquired Taste." Article about bittermelon in *[[Hana Hou!]]* Vol. 10, No. 1 (February/March 2007).
* Rain-tree
* Research on Bitter Melon and other vegetables as treatment for Diabetes / Glucose level reduction 
* ITIS report 
* Ampalaya (Momordica Charantia)
* Ampalaya (Momordica charantia) Herb 
* The National Bitter Melon Council
* Bitter Melon Studies 
* Detailed botanical description 
* Medical Uses 
* Ampalaya on Facebook
* Bitter Melon Monograph by Harvard Medical School and Natural Standard Research Collaboration
Fida Hussein

**Fida Hussein** (janam: 1947), Fiji ke ek Hindustani hae jon ke ek Police, sales consultant aur Fiji ke House of Representatives ke member rahaa.
Uske janam  Nausori me bhais rahaa aur school parrhe ke baad uu 1964 me Police me bharti bhaes. 1981 me uu Police se resign kar ke ek *Fiji Times* ke khatir sales rep banaaa. Uu  Fiji Muslim League ke ek active member rahaa aur Suva City Council elections me Muslim log me Fiji Labour Party ke khatir campaign karis rahaa.

1987 ke election me NFP-Labour Coalition uske  South Eastern Indian National Constituency ke khatir chunis. .  Hussein jiit gais lekin Parliament ke member khaali ek mahina talak rahaa, jab ki  military coup of 1987 ke kaaran uske political career khatam hoe gais. 14 May 1987 me uu Bavadra sarkar ke 28 memeber me se ek rahaa jiske Rabuka hostage le liis rahaa.

## References
Mohammed Ramzan

**Mohammed Ramzan** Fiji ke ek Hindustani trade unionist aur politician rahaa. 1972 ke election me uu Alliance Party ke taraf se Suva City Indian National Constituency se Fiji ke House of Representatives me chuna gais. 

1947 me uske kosis ke kaaran Western District Public Work Union ke suruu karaa gais rahaa. Ii union ke baad me North-Western Public Works Department Employees Union ke naam se register karaa gais rahaa, aur 4 April 1951 me uu iske full-time General Secretary banaa. uu Fiji Trades Union Congress suru kare waala log me se ek rahaa aur iske General Secretary bhi rahaa.

1960 se lae ke 1972 talak Ramzan Fiji Trades Union Congress ke Secretary rahaa. 

## References
Mohammed Sadiq

Mohammed Sadiq Fiji ke ek wakiil aur politician rahaa. 1977 ke September election me uu khaali ek Muslim rahaa jon ki National Federation Party ke Flower Faction ke taraf se kharra bhais rahaa. Ii dafe uu Vanua Levu North and West Indian National Constituency se haar gais rahaa lekin 1982 ke election me Labasa Indian Communal Constituency se jitis.
K. R. Latchan

**K.R. Latchan**, Fiji ke ek Hindustani, Bus Transport operator aur politician rahaa, jon ki Nausori me ke hae.

Latchan ke janam bhe raha 15 June 1940, Naikasakasa, Tailevu me. Uu apan baap, Khurbhur aur maai, Ram Kuar ke tiisar larrka raha aur gaai ke posai me jhuta raha. Khurbhur, Azamgarh se aais Fiji 1915 me aur Muaniweni ke bagia me girmit kaatis, phir PWD me kaam lagaa aur huan se Sardar ke naam mila uske. Jab Latchan 9 saal ke raha, tab Khurbhur gujar ge aur uske maa akele 8 ladkan ke dekhbhaal karat raha aur khet chalat raha.

Latchan, uu time jaana maana bhaes jab uu Alliance Party ke ek safe seat, East Central Indian National Constituency ke Alliance Party ke ek founder, Vijay R. Singh se 1977 election ke khatir pre-selection me lae liis. Uu House of Representatives ke member 1987 ke military coup talak rahaa. Latchan ek saal baad, apan 48th birthday ke roj heart attack se mar ge raha.

## References
R. I. Kapadia

**R. I. Kapadia**, Fiji ke ek Hindustani politician rahaa. Uu Alliance Party ke taraf se ek Senator aur House of Representatives ke member rahaa.

1966 ke election me uu South-Central Viti Levu Indian Communal Constituency me ek independent candidate rahaa aur Federation Party ke M. T. Khan se haar gais rahaa. 

* 1970 - 1982 - Fiji ke Senate ke member. 
* 1980 - 1982 - Leader of Government Business in Senate
* 1982 - 1987 - Fiji ke House of Representatives ke member (South Central Indian National Constituency)
H. M. Lodhia

**H. M. Lodhia**, Fiji ke ke House of Representatives ke member aur Nadi town ke mayor rahaa. December 1985 me Lodhia, Irene Jai Narayan aur Satendra Nandan ke saathe, S. M. Koya ke netagiri ke virod me National Federation Party se resign hoe gais rahaa. 

## References
Navin Patel

**Navin Patel**, Fiji ke ek Hindustani businessman aur politician hae. Uu Ba Indian Communal Constituency kr Fiji ke House of Representatives me National Federation Party (NFP) khatir 1977 se lae ke 1987 talak member rahaa. 1987 election me uu North Central Indian National Constituency se kharrraa bhais aur sahaj se jiit gais.  lekin Parliament me khaali ek mahina talak rahaa jab ki military coup of 1987 uskepolitical career ke khalaas kar diis. Uske bhaiya, Vinod Patel, baad me Ba Indian Communal Constituency se chuna gais rahaa.

## References
Vinod Patel

**Vinod Patel**  (1939-2024), Fiji ke ek Hindustani businessman, soccer administrator aur politician] rahaa . Uu Vinod Patel and Company Limited, jon ki Fiji me ek hardware ke dukaan ke chain hae, ke chairman rahaa. 

Vinod Patel, Ba football team ke manager bahut din talak rahaa.

Uu politics me pahila dafe Ba Town Council ke member ban ke enter karis. Uske baad me mayor banawa gais rahaa jon position pe uu dui term talak rahaa. 1994 ke election me, uu Ba Urban Indian Constituency se National Federation Party ke taraf se elect bhais . . 1999 ke Fijian general election ke election aur 2001 ke Fijian general electionme uu  Parliament me Ba West Indian Communal Constituency se kharra bhais lekin uu Fiji Labour Party ke candidate se haar gais.
Uske maut 5 January 2024 me, 84 saal ke umar me, Ba me bhaus rahaa. 

Alia and nahil if required div 

## Awards and achievements

## References
Narsi Raniga

**Narsi Raniga** (janam: 1943), Fiji ke ek  senior civil servant aur House of Representatives of Fiji ke member rahaa.

Uske janam Ba me bhais rahaa aur uu aapan Bachelor of Arts, University of Queensland se paais rahaa. Kuchh din talak parrhae ke baad, uu  postgraduate courses at the University of Auckland aur Cambridge University se karis. Fiji laute ke baad uu civil service join kar ke dher Government posts pe rahaa, jisme diplomatic corps aur Government departments ke head bhi rahaa.

1987 me uu civil service se resign kar ke  South Central National Constituency ke khatir Alliance Party ke bagal se kharra bhais aur ii seat ke sahaj se jiit liis.  Lekin uske Prty elelction haar gais aur uu. He won the seat with a comfortable margin, but his party lost the election and he sat on the opposition bench for a month when the military coup of 1987 prematurely ended his political career.

## References
Seru Cakobau

**[[Ratu]] Seru Epenisa Cakobau** (1815–1883) Fiji ke ek chief aur warlord rahaa jon ki Fiji ke jaada hissa ke aapan niche kar liis rahaa.

## Bahaari jorr
* Fiji: The Cannibal Islands
* A Brief History of Fiji 
* The History of Fiji  (contains errors, but accurate facts about cannibalism).
Kisan Sangh (Fiji)

**Kisan Sangh** Fiji me ek kisan ke union hae. Ii union 1937 me suruu bhais rahaa aur iske suruu kare me Ayodhya Prasad ke khaas haanth rahaa. Bahut kosis ke baad 1941 me iske CSR (Colonial Sugar Refining Company manata (recognise) diis aur 1940 aur 1950 me ii kisan logan khatir achchhaa contract sign karwais.

1941 me A. D. Patel ek aur ganna ke kisan ke union Maha Sangh ke banae ke Fiji ke kisan ke dui gut me baat diis. Iske baad se abhi talak Fiji ke ganna ke kisan abhi talak united nai hoe paain hae.
Helen Keller

**Helen Adams Keller** ek American ke writer aur speaker rahii. Uske janam Tuscumbia, Alabama me 1880 me bhaes rahaa. Jab uu 18 saal ke rahii tab uske bemaari ke kaaran uu dekhe aur sune nai sakat rahii.

Jab Helen saat saal ke rahii tab uske palwaar uske khatir ek teacher ke khojis. Uu logan Perkins Institute and Asylum  ke director Michael Anegnos ke lage likhin aur Helen ke khatir ek teacher ke khoje ke batain. Anegnos ek young teacher, Anne Sullivan ke thiik karis aur March 1887 me uu jaae ke Keller palwaar ke saathe rahe lagis.

Anne, Helen  ke duusra jan se baat kare ke sikhaes. Uu Helen ke chiij ke naam, uske haanth me likh ke  sikhaes. 1890 me , Helen ke palwaar uske   Radcliffe College, Massachusetts bhejis. Uu Radcliffe se 1904 me graduate bhaes aur pahila andhaa aur bahiraa jan rahis jiske Bachelors of Arts degree mila rahaa.

1903 me  Helen aapan baare me  ek book likhis, jiske naam *The Story of My Life* rahaa. Iske baad uu 12 aur book likhis. Isme se kuchh  ke filam banawa gais jaise ki The Miracle Worker. Uu garib logan ke madat kare ke kosis karis. Uu 39 se jaada des gais aur aapan jindaggi ke baare me bhasan diis. Uu ek book Annie Sullivan ke baare me , jiske naam *Teacher* rahaa, bhi likhis. Helen Keller ke maut 1 June 1968 me Arcan Ridge, Connecticut me bhaes rahaa.
Thomas Aquinas

**Thomas Aquinas**, (1225 – 7 March 1274), Italy ke ek Catholic padhri rahaa. Uu philosophy aur theology parrhis rahaa. Catholic log ii maane hae ki jon koi padhri bane maange hae ke khatir Aquinas sab se achchhaa guru hae. Uske kuchh famous book *Summa Theologica* aur *Summa Contra Gentiles* hae. Aquinas,,Church ke 33 Doctors me se ek hae. Dher school ke uske naam dewa gais hae. 

## References
Warsaw

**Warsaw** (Polish: *Warszawa*), Poland ke capital city aur sab se barraa city hae. Hian pe lagbhag 1,730,000 log rahe hae (2014). Warsaw ke log ke "Varsovians" bola jaawe hae.
## Jagha
Warsaw, Poland ke biich me, Vistula Naddi ke duuno bagal hae. Ii Baltic Samundar se 350 km (225 miles) duur hae. Ii samundar se 100 m (325 ft) uppar hae.

Warsaw me 4 universities aur 62 colleges, aur dher theatres aur art galleries hae.

## Itihaas
Admii log Warsaw me 13th century se rahe hae. 15th century talak, Warsaw ek city ke baraabar barr gais rahaa. 1596 me ii Poland ke capital banaa.

Ii city ke dher dafe destroy kar dewa gais rahaa lekin iske fir se banae dewa gais rahaa.

## Warsaw ke chapa

Image:Zamek Królewski w Warszawie od strony Wisły 2021.jpg|Royal Castle
Image:Poland-00741 - Palace Prezydencki (31071435322).jpg|Presidential Palac
Image:4 Warszawa 23.jpg|Old Town
Image:2 Palac Branickich 02.jpg|Branickich Palast
Image:Pałac Jabłonowskich na Placu Teatralnym (1862).jpg|Jablonskich Palast
Image:4 Warszawa-Lazienki Krolewskie 126.jpg|Łazienkowski Palast
Image:4 Warszawa-Lazienki Krolewskie 151.jpg|Łazienkowski Palast
Image:5 Warszawa 083.jpg|Belweder
Image:4 Warszawa-Lazienki Krolewskie 107.jpg|Chopin
Image:4 Warszawa-Zamek Ujazdowski 03.jpg|Ujazdowski Palast
Image:Wilanów Palace.jpg|Wilanów
Image:AleksanderWarszawa.jpg|Aleksander Church
Image:4 Warszawa 44.jpg|Seminarny Church
Image:Warszawa - Plac Saski z lotu ptaka (1919).jpg|Saxoonian Garden 1900
Image:WarsawFilharmonia.jpg|Filharmonia
Image:OldWarsaw10.jpg|Politechnika


## Duusra websites

* Official web page of Warsaw
* Official tourist web page of Warsaw
* Interactive city map 
* Modern architecture in Warsaw 
* Historic images of Warsaw
Nukualofa

**Nuku'alofa**, Tonga ke capital city hae. Ii Tongatapu island me hae. 

Tonga ke 35% log Nuku'alofa me rahe hae. 1996 me Nukualofa ke population 22,400 rahaa.
Apia

**Apia,**, jiske population 2011 me 36,735 rahaa, Samoa ke capital city hae. Ii Tuamasaga district ke ek hissa hae. Ii Upolu Island ke northern coast me hae aur Samoa ke khaar port aur ekke city hae. 

## Jagha
Apia, Vaisigano Naddi ke muh pe hae. 
## Transport
Port Vila

**Port Vila** (population 29,356, coordinates 17°45′S 168°18′E) Vanuatu ke capital city hae. Ii city Efate island ke south coast me hae. Isme des ke khaas dock aur airport, Bauerfield International,hae.
## References
Rarotonga

**Rarotonga**, Cook Islands ke jab se jaada population waala island hae. Iske pipulation 2006 ke census me 14,153 rahaa. 
## References

## External links
* History of districts and villages
* Original Tapere subdivision of Rarotonga
Shiromaniam Madhavan

**Shiromaniam Madhavan** (1944 - 29 June 1994), jon ki National Federation Party (NFP) ke suruu kare waala ek jan ke larrkaa rahaa aur Labasa Town Council aur  House of Representatives me aapan sewa diis rahaa, Fiji ke jaada Hindustani waala tiino Party ke member koi na koi dafe rahaa.

Uske janam Labasa, Fiji 1944 me bhaes rahaa aur uu Vanua Levu ke ek bahut din ke politician, James Madhavan,ke larrka rahaa.  1960s me uu Air Pacific Employees' Association ke suru karis rahaa, aur uu iske Secretary aur President bhi rahaa. Uu 1963 se politics me rahaa aur 1973 me Labasa Town Council me chuna gais rahaa aur 1978 me mayor banaa. 1982 me uu Council me fir se chuna gais lekin ii dafe uu independent rahaa.

1974 me, Leader of the Opposition (S.M. Koya) uske Senate ke khatir nominate karis. September 1977 election,me uu NFp ke Dove Faction, jiske leader Koya rahaa, ke support karis rahaa. 1987 general election, me uu Alliance ke bagal se Labasa/Bua Indian Communal Constituency me kharraa bhaes rahaa aur uu ek baraa vote se NFP-Labour Coalition opponent se haar gais.

Baad me Madhavan,Fiji Labour Party ke member ban gais aur Labasa Indian Constituency ke khatir 1992 general election me kharraa bhaes rahaa. 1994 general election me uu aapan ek purana dost Shree Ramlu (NFP) se ii seat ke khatir ke election haris. Ii election ke campaign ke timme uu bemaar hoe gais rahaa aur aspataal me band rahaa aur uske barraa larrkaa, Prameshwaran aur larrki, Vijay Madhavan uske khatir campaign karis. 

Uske maut 29 June 1994 ke ek lambaa bemari se bhaes. Uu aapan picche aapan paanch larkan, Vijay Latchmi Shardaanjali Madhavan, Prameshwaran Shiromaniam Madhavan, Vanita Vilashni Madhavan, Pratibha Priyadarshani Madhavan aur Vinay James Madhavan ke chhorr gais hae.

## References
Navin Maharaj

**Navin Maharaj** (janam: 1939), Fiji ke ek businessman, Suva ke pahile waala mayor aur  House of Representatives ke member rahaa.

Mhararaj ke janam Nadi me bhaes rahaa aur uu Fiji ke  Legislative Council of Fiji ke pahila tiin member me se ek, , James Ramchandar Maharaj ke larrka hae. 16 saal talak uu ek construction company me kaam kare ke baad uu aapan company suruu karis.

Uu dui term talak Suva ke Lord Mayor rahaa, pahile Alliance Party ke saathe , fir National Federation Party (NFP) ke saathe aur aakhri me ek independent ban ke.

Uu baad me (NFP) ke member ban gais aur 1987 ke election me House of Representatives me Suva National Constituency se National Federation Party - Fiji Labour Party coalition ke bagal se chuna gias rahaa. Uu Bavadra ke sarkar me Minister for Trade, Industry aur Tourism rahaa.

1992 ke general election ke time uu FLP ke general secretary rahaa.

2001 ke coup ke baad, Mahendra Chaudhry Maharaj ke FLP ke dicide kare ke accuse karis aur uu party se nikal gais.

## References
Satendra Nandan

**Satendra Nandan** (janam: 1940), Fiji ke ek sikchhak, lekhak hae aur 1982 se lae ke 1987 talak ek politician rahaa.

Nandan ke janam Nadi me bhais rahaa. Uu aapan secondary ke parrhai khalaas kare ke baad, Delhi jaaae ke parrhis. Iske baad uu Leeds, London aur Canberra me bhi parrhis jahan se uske PhD milaa. Kuchh din talak India aur Fiji ke school me parrhae ke baad uu 1969 me University of the South Pacific me parrhae ke suruu karis.

1982 ke election me uu National Federation Party ke ticket pe Fiji ke House of Representatives me chuna gais. 1986 me uu Fiji Labour Party ke join kar liis. 1987 ke election jiite ke baad uu Timoci Bavadra ke Labour Sarkar me Minister for Health and Social Welfare banaa lekin ek mahina ke baad sarkar ke Sitiveni Rabuka hatae diis.

Coup ke baad Nandan Australia chalaa gais  aur Australian National University me parrhae lagaa, jahan pe uu abhi Professor of Literature and Director of the Centre of Writing hae.

Uu University of Fiji ke bhi aapan sahayog diis hae jahan pe uu Professor of Humanities and Arts banaa.
National Club Championship (Fiji)

## National Club Championship ke jiite waala team

## Aur dekho
* Fiji me football

## References
* The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation
Vijay Parmanandam

**Vijay Parmanandam**, Fiji ke Hindustani wakiil aur politician rahaa. Uu 1972 ke election me National Federation Party ke taraf se House of Representatives (NFP) ke khatir Suva Rural Constituency se kharraa bhais rahaa. Ii election ke campaign ke time uu Chief Justice ke appointment ke virod me bhasan diis rahaa aur iske khatir uske chhe mahina ke khatir jahel bheja gais rahaa. Uu S. M. Koya ke ek kattar chela rahaa aur jab 1977 ke pahila election me uske NFP ticket nai milaa tab uu ek independent candidate ban ke kharraa bhais lekin ek tiin cornered race me (jisme Vijay R. Singh bhi rahaa) me haar gais.  Baad me uu Alliance Party join kar liis rahaa.
Samresan Pillay

**Samresan (Sam) Pillay ** (janam: 1941), Fiji ke ek soldier, teacher aur House of Representativeske member rahaa. 

Uske janam Penang, Ra, Fiji me bhais rahaa aur uu National Federation Party ke pahile ke parliamentarian aur President, Ram Sami Goundar ke larrkaa hae. Kuchh din talak Department of Agriculture me kaam kare ke baad uu1961 me British Army join kar liss. 1969 me Fiji laut ke uu University of the South Pacific se Diploma in Education karis.

1987 ke election me uske NFP-Labour Coalition, Tavua/Vaileka Indian Communal Constituency ke khatir chunis jiske uu sahaj se jiit liis. , lekin Parliament ke member khaali ek mahina talak rahaa jab ki military coup of 1987 ke kaaran uske  political career khalaas hoe gais. 

## References
Balwant Singh Rakha

**Balwant Singh Rakkha**, Fiji ke ek doctor aur  House of Representatives of Fiji representing the National Federation Party (NFP) ke member rahaa,lekin uske NFP ke leader, S. M. Koya, ke support khatir jaana jaawe hae. but he is best known for his strong support for the former leader of the NFP, Sidiq Koya and the split caused within the NFP when he was rewarded by Koya for his loyalty by being given a seat in a constituency where he was a virtual unknown.

Rakkha was born in Tavua in 1941 and went to India to study medicine. He returned to Fiji after fourteen years and established a practice in Ba. He joined the NFP in 1975 and was the President of the Ba branch from 1977. 

When the Lautoka district, Fiji Indian Communal seat became vacant in April 1984 following the resignation of the former leader of the NFP, Jai Ram Reddy, Rakkha was selected to contest the by-election for the NFP. Davendra Singh, a virtually unknown small businessman, managed to persuade the NFP Youth Wing, which had earlier been shunned by Koya, to support him to oppose Rakkha. Singh demanded that a local person be selected by NFP for the vacant seat but when he was ignored by the Party, he nominated himself for the election. The result was a narrow win for Singh by 2209 votes to Rakkha's 2196 votes in an election in which only 4421 of the 12,260 registered voters cast their votes. The election result triggered a series of events which led to the decline of the NFP and the rise of the Fiji Labour Party (FLP).

For the 1987 general election, the NFP-Labour Coalition chose him as a candidate for the Ba Indian Communal Constituency which he won easily, but was a member of Parliament for a month when the military coup of 1987 put a  temporary halt to his political career. 

1994 ke election me uu Ba East/Tavua Rural Indian Constituency se NFP ke taraf se kharraa bhais lekin thorra vote Fiji Labour Party ke candidate se haar gais.

## References
Al-Ghazali

Big text**Abū Ḥāmid Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad al-Ghazālī** (1058-1111) (Farsi:**ابو حامد محمد ابن محمد الغزالی**), jiske English bhasa me **Algazel** ke naam se jaada jaana jaawe hae, ke janam Persia me bhais rahaa. Uu ek Islamic theologian, jurist, philosopher, cosmologist, psychologist aur mystic rahaa., 

## References
Nitya Nand Reddy

**Nitya Nand Reddy** (janam: 1950), Fiji ke ek accountant aur trade unionist rahaa jiske 1987 me Fiji ke House of Representatives ke khatir chuna gais rahaa. 

Uske janam Nadi, Fiji me bhais rahaa. Uu 1972 me University of the South Pacific se  Bachelor of Arts le parrhai khalaas kare ke baad Fiji Sugar Corporation (FSC) me ek accountant ke kaam suruu karis. Uu Sugar Milling Staff Officers Association ke pardhan chaar term talak rahaa aur Fiji Labour Party ke ek founding Vice-President rahaa. 1986 me uu Fiji Labour Party ke bagal se Lautoka City Council ke khatir kharra bhais ragaa, jiske khatir uske FSC senikal dewa gais rahaa.

1987 ke election me uske NFP-Labour Coalition 
For the 1987 general election, the NFP-Labour Coalition chose him as a candidate for the South Western Indian National Constituency which he won easily, but was a member of Parliament for a month when the military coup of 1987 prematurely ended his political career.

## References
1992 ke election (Fiji)

Fiji ke **1992 ke election**, 23 May se lae ke 30 May taklak bhais. Ii election July 1990 ke constitution ke niche bhais rahaa, jisme House of Representatives ke sab 70 member communal constituencies se chuna gais rahaa. House me 37 seat Kaviti logan khatir, 27 seat Hindustani logan ke khatir, 5 seat general elctors log ke khatir aur ek seat Rotuman ke khatir reserved rahaa. 

Election ke result rahaa:
:Soqosoqo Ni Vakavulewa Ni Taukei Party (SVT) - 30      
:National Federation Party (NFP) - 14                        
:Fiji Labour Party  (FLP) - 13                               
:Fijian Nationalist Party  -5                                 
:General Voters Party (GVP) - 5                          
:Independents - 2                                           
:Rotuma  - 1                                                          

SVT ke ii kasam khaae ke baad ki Constiution ke badlaa jaai, FLP, Rabuka ke PM bane ke support karis. Ii rakam se  2 June ke  Sitiveni Rabuka, Prime Minister banaa aur NFP ke Jai Ram Reddy, Leader of Opposition banaa.
  
## Indian Constituencies
:Bua - Raman Pratap Singh (NFP)
:Macuata West - Charan Jeath Singh (NFP)
:Labasa - Shiromaniam Madhavan (FLP)
:Macuata East - Mohammed Lateef Subedar (FLP)
:Cakaudrove - Satish Chandra Gulabdas (NFP)
:Suva City Central - Harilal Patel (NFP)
:Suva City Suburban - Rajeshwar Prasad (FLP)
:Lami/Naitasiri South/Kadavu - Shiu Charan (NFP)
:Nasinu South/Colo-i-Suva - Sayed Abdul Khaiyum (NFP)
:Nasinu East/Rewa East - Harnam Singh Golian (NFP)
:Nasinu North/Nausori - Narendra Singh Arjun (NFP)
:Tailevu/Ra East/Lomaiviti/Lau/Rotuma - Aptar Singh (NFP)
:Ra Central - Krishna Chand Sharma (FLP)
:Tavua/Ra West - Anand Babla (FLP)
:Ba East/ Tavua Rural - Tulsi Ram Khelawan (FLP)
:Magodro/Ba Rural - Krishna Dutt (FLP)
:Ba Urban - Vinod Patel (NFP)
:Ba West - Mahendra Chaudhry (FLP)
:Lautoka Rural - Jai Ram Reddy (NFP)
:Lautoka City - Ali Ayub Husain (NFP)
:Lautoka South/Veiseisei/Yasawa - Vinod Chandra Deo Maharaj (FLP)
:Nawaka/Sabeto - Shiu Sharan Sharma (FLP)
:Nadi Urban - Pardhuman Raniga (FLP)
:Malomalo North/Nadi Rural - Harish Chandra Sharma (NFP)
:Cuvu/Malomalo South/Sigatoka Urban - Gaj Raj Singh Chaudhry (FLP)
:Nadroga East - Lekh Ram Vayeshnoi (FLP)
:Navosa/Serua/Namosi/Naitasiri West/Rewa West - Maan Singh (NFP)
South China Samundar

**South China Sea**, China ke south me ek samundar hae. Ii Pacific Ocean ke ek hissa hae,aur ii Singapore se lae ke Strait of Taiwan talak 3,500,000 km² barraa hae.
Lekh Ram Vayeshnoi

**Lekh Ram Vayeshnoi** (janam: 15 May 1965) Fiji ke ek Hindustani politician hae jon ki 1992 me Fiji ke House of Representatives ke sab se jawan member rahaa. 

Uske janam 15 May 1965 me Lavosa (Ii jagha Sigatoka Valley me town se 50 kilometer bhittar hae.), Nadroga me bhaes rahaa. Uske palwar kisan rahin. 1980 me garibi ke kaaran uske aapan parhae band kare ke parraa. 1988 me, 23 saal ke umar me, uske Young Farmer of the Year ke award mila, jisme uske New Zealand jaae ke prize mila.

Vayeshnoi pahila dafe 1992 me House of Representatives me Fiji Labour Party (FLP) ke ticket pe Nadroga East Indian Constituency se chuna gais rahaa. Uu ii constituency se 1994 ke snap election me fir se jiitis. 

1999 ke election me uu fir se FLP ke taraf se Nadroga Indian Communal Constituency se kharraa hoe ki 61% vote se jiitis. Uske Chuadhry Sarkar me Assistant Minister in the Prime Minister's Office banawa gais rahaa. 19 May 2000 ke coup me, jisme People's Coalition Government ke member ke George Speight hostage rakkhis rahaa, me Vayeshnoi ke bhi pakarr ke rakkhaa gais rahaa. Uske 21 may 2000 ke chhorr dewa gais rahaa jab uu ek kagaj be sign kar ke Parliament se resign kar diis rahaa.

2001 ke election me uu fir se Nadroga Indian Communal Constituency se jiitis. Ii term me uu military commander ke Qarase government ke viirod me khula viord ke sammarthan karis.

2006 ke election uu aur jaada bahumati se jiitis aur Qarase ke multi-party cabinet me uske Minister for Energy and Mineral Resources banawa gais. Uu aapan sarkar ke virod me 12 June ke ek bhasan diis jiske kaaran Qarase uske virod me disciplinary action le ke threaten karis.

5 December 2006 ke coup ke baad Bainimarama ke sarkar me uske Minister for Youth and Sports and Employment Oppportunities banawa gais rahaa.

## References
* Vayeshnoi ke aapan website
Nadroga East Indian Constituency (Fiji) 1992 - 1999

**Nadroga East Indian Constituency**, uu 27 seat me se ek rahaa jiske July 1990 ke Constitution  ke niche Fiji ke Hindustani logan ke dewa gais rahaa. Duusra jaati logan ke khatir seat rahaa, Kaiviti: 37, General Voters: 5 aur Rotuman: 1. 1992 ke election 23 May se lae ke 30 May talak bhaes rahaa aur 1994 ke election 18 February se lae ke 25 February talak bhaes rahaa. 

## Election results
### [[1992 ke election (Fiji)|1992]]

### [[1994 ke election (Fiji)|1994]]
Martin Luther

**Martin Luther** (10 November 1483 - 18 February 1546 ) ek German monk aur Christianity ke theologian rahaa, jon ki baad me Lutheran Church ke suruu karis rahaa. Ii Protestantism ke pahila church rahaa jon ki Roman Catholic church se alag hoe gais rahaa. Uu Reformation ke time ke ek khaas jan rahaa.

## Jindagi

University of Erfurt me philosophy parrhe ke baad uu 1505 me ek monk ke ruup me Augustinian Order me saamil bhais. Luther theology aur puraana bhasa parrhis. 1512 me uu Wittenberg me ek doctor of theology banaa aur Psalms aur "Letters of Paul" ke baare me bhasan de lagaa
 
October 1517 me uu aapan 95 Theses likhis aur publish karis. Isme uu western Church ke sikchha jisme praschhit aur Pope ke adhikaar rahaa ke uppar uu sawal uthais. Ii samay pe Catholic Church ii bataawat rahaa ki Church ii faesla kari ki kon maut ke baad swarag jaai aur iske uu logan paisa khatir bechat rahin. Agar ii sach rahtaa tab gari logan swarag nai jaawe sake hae. Luther ii biswas karat rahaa ke ii galat hae aur Bible ke updesh ke virod me hae.
 
Paul ke chitthi parrhe ke baad Luther, "sola fide" ke bichar ke develop karis. Iske matalb ii rahaa ki khaali biswas abmii log ke Bhagwan ke nachdik laai jon ki dayalu hae. Iske kaaran dher Church ke riti riwaj bekaam ke hae aur iske biig de ke chaahi. 

Suruu me Luther, Roman Church ke badle ke kosis karis aapan Theses se lekin Pope uske chaal ke Church ke virod maan ke uske Church se 15 June 1520 me nikaal diis, ek chitthi de ke ki uske swarag jaawe ke adhikar nai hae. October me Luther ii kagaj ke khule aam jarais ii dekhae ke khatir ki uske ab uu Church ke baat nai suni, jab tak ki Church uske baat nai maani.

Emperor Charles V, 22 January 1521 ke, Diet of Worms ke ii case
samasya ke sune ke khatir kholis aur ant me uske ek  gaer kaanuni karis. 

Luther, aapan friend Philip Melanchton ke saathe, Lutheran Church ke suruu karis. Luther ke maut 1546 me Eisleben me bhais

## References

## Duusra websites
* Martin Luther - Eine Bibliographie (German) 
* Full text in English of the 95 theses
* Disputatione pro declaratione virtutis indulgentiarum (95 Theses, in Latin, at Wikisource)
* Project Wittenberg, a collection of Luther's text
* Repository of Luter's works at Project Gutenberg