open-index/open-wikipedia-markdown huggingface dataset:
Telugu films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film ke naam hae jon ki India me Telugu me banaawa gais hae.

## 1969
* **[[Aadarsa Kutumbam]]**, Director - Kolli Pratyagatma, Khaas actors - Anjali Devi, Jayalalitha J, Akkineni Nageshwara Rao, Varalakshmi S.

## 1993
* **[[Aagraham]]**, Director - K. S. Ravi, Khaas actors - Rajasekhar, Amala Akkineni

## 1986
* **[[Aada Paduchu]]**, Director - Mohan Gandhi

## 1987
* **[[Aha Naa Pellanta]]**, Director - Jandhyala, Actors - Rajendraprasad, Rajani, Nutan Prasad, Srinivasa Rao Kota

## 1992
* **[[Aa Okkati Adakku]]**, Director - E. V. V. Satyanarayana, Khaas actors - Rajendra Prasad, Rambha, Raogopalrao, Brahmanandam

## 2002
* **[[Aadi]]**, Director - V. V. Vinayak , Khaas actors - Aditya, Ali, Raghu Babu, Chalapathi Rao, N. T. Rama Rao Jr., Kreeti Chawla

## 2003
* **[[Aadanthe Ado Type]]**, Director - E.V.V. Satyanarayana, Khaas actors- Brahmanandam, Bhoomika Chawla, Anita Hassandani, Sindhu Menon 

## 2004
* **[[Aa Naluguru]]**, Director - Chandra Siddhartha, Khaas actors - Rajendra Prasad (actor), Aamani, Raja, Raghu Babu

## 2006
* **[[Aadhi Lakshmi]]**, Director - R. Suresh Varma, Khaas actors - Abhinayasri, Ali, Raghu Babu, Mallikharjuna Rao, Srikanth, Sridevi

## 2009
* **[[Aa Okkadu]]**, Director - N. S. Murty, Khaas actors - Suresh Gopi, Madhurima Banerjee, Master Bharath, Ajay aur Sai Srujan Pelluri

## 2011
* **[[100% Love]]**, Director - Sukumar, Khaas actors - Naga Chaitanya Akkineni, Tamannaah Bhatia, Tara Alisha aur K.R. Vijaya

## 2013
* **[[Aadu Magaadra Bujji]]**, Director - Krishna Reddy Gangadhasuu, Khaas actors - Sudheer Babu, Posani, Asmita Sood, Ajay, Randhir Gattla aur Poonam Kaur

## 2014
* **[[Aagadu]]**, Director - Srinu Vaitla, Khaas actors - Mahesh Babu, Tamannaah Bhatia, Sonu Sood, Brahmanandam
Shah Jahan

**Mirza Shahab-ud-Din Muhammad Khurram**  (5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666), jiske jaada kar ke **Shah Jahan I**  ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, paanchwa Mughal emperor rahaa, jon 1628 se 1658 talak raj karis rahaa. Uu Jahangir  ke tiisra larrkaa rahaa. October 1627 me Jahangir ke maut ke baad, Shah Jahan aapan chhotaa bhaiyaa, Shahryar Mirza, ke harae ke apne badshah banaa. UU Shahryar aur duusra log jon uske raj gaddi ke claim kare sakat rahin ke marwae diis rahaa. Uu dher imaarat banais rahaa, jisme Red Fort, Shah Jahan Masjid aur Taj Mahal hae. 

September 1657 me , bemaari ke kaaran, Shah Jahan aapan sab se barraa larrkaa, Dara Shikoh ke raj gaddi diis, lekin iske kaaran uske tiin larrkaa log me larrai hoe gais aur aakhir me Aurangzeb  Badshah banaa. JUly 1658 me jab Shah Jahan aapan bemaari se achchhaa hoe gais tab Aurangzeb uske Agra Fort me jahel me rakkhis, jabtak uske maut nai bhais. Uske Taj Mahal me uske aurat ke bagal me dafnaawa gais. Shah Jahan ke Akbar ke dher liberal policies ke hatae ke khaatir jaana jaae hae aur Islamic fundamentalist ke barrhawa diis.

## References
1592

**1592** ek leap saal rahaa jon ki budh ke roj suruu bhais rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 5 January - **[[Shah Jahan]]**, jon paanchwa Mughal badshah rahaa, ke janam Lahore me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

## References
1618

**1618** (MDCXVIII) ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon sombaar ke din suruu bhais rahaa.  Ii  2nd millennium ke 618th aur 17th century 18th saal rahaa,  aur  1610s dassak ke 9th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1674-1675, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1539-1540, Kali Yuga ke 4718-4719, Buddhist calendar ke 2162, Islamic calendar ke 1026-1027, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 150 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna

## Janam

* 3 November - **[[Aurangzeb]]**, jon ki sixth Mughal badshah rahaa, ke janam Gujarat me bhias rahaa.

## Maut

## References
1707

**1707** (MDCCVII), ek sadhaaran saal rahaa jon  sanichar ke roj suruu bhais rahaa. Ii  2nd millennium ke 707thth aur 18th century 7th saal rahaa,  aur  1700s dassak ke 8th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 1763-1764, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1628-1629, Kali Yuga ke 4807-4808, Buddhist calendar ke 2251, Islamic calendar ke 1118-1119, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 239 saal rahaa. 

## Ghatna
## Janam

* 15 April - **[[Leonhard Euler]]**, Switzerland ke mathematician ke janam Basel, Switzerland me bhais rahaa.

## Maut

* 3 March - **[[Aurangzeb]]**, jon ki sixth Mughal badshah rahaa, ke maut Ahmednagar me bhias rahaa.

## References
Kannada films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film hae jon India me  Kannada bhasa me banaa hae.

## 2007
* Aa Dinagalu, Director - K. M. Chaitanya, Khaas actors - Chethan Kumar, Veda Sastry, Sharath Lohitashwa, Ashish Vidyarthi, Atul Kulkarni aur Girish Karnad
Benazir Bhutto

**Benazir Bhutto** (21 June 1953 - 27 December 2007, Pakistan ke ek politician rahii jon ki Pakistan ke 11th aur 13th Prime Minister rahii, 1988 se 1990 talak aur 1993 se 1996 talak. Uu pahila aurat rahii jiske ek Muslim-majority des ke neta chuna gais rahaa. Uu [Pakistan People's Party (PPP) ke co-chair 1980s se 2007 talak rahii. Uske pitaji [Zulfikar Bhutto 1973 se 1977 talak Prime Minister rahaa.

## References
Vallabhbhai Patel

**Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel** (31 October 1875 – 15 December 1950), jiske jaada kar ke **Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel** ke naam se jaana jaawat rahaa, India ke ajaadi khatir larre waala ek neta rahaa jon 1947 se 1950 talak Deputy Prime Minister aur Minister of Home Affairs rahaa. Uske dher territory ke India me laae khaatir jaana jaae hae.

## References
Aryabhata

**Aryabhata**, nai to **Aryabhata I** (476-550CE) pahila mathematician aur astronomer, India ke classical age se. Uske kaam me *Aryabhatiya* hae, jisme likha hae ki 3600 Kali Yug (499 CE) uu 23 saal ke rahaa aur *Arya-siddanta.*

Kaaheki uu aapan lekh me "relativity of motion" ke baare me likhis hae, tab uske ek physicist bhi bola jaae sake hae.

## References
Bhāskara II

**Bhāskara II** (1114 - 1185), **jiske Bhāskarāchārya** ke naam se bhi jaana jaae hae, India ke ek mathematician aur astronomer rahaa. Uu Pythagoras theorem ke pahile prove karis rahaa.

## References
Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar

**Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar** (19 October 1910 - 21 August 1995 ek Indian-American physicist rahaa, jon "structure of stars, stellar evolution aur black hole" ke baare me khaas adhyan karis hae. 1983 me uske Nobel Prize in Physics, "theoretical studies in in the evolution of stars" ke khaatir dewa gais rahaa. Uske adhyan se abhi ke jaankari, barraa taara aur black hole ke baare me aais hae. Dher inventions , jaise ki Chandrasekhar limit aur Chandra X-Ray Observatory ke uske naam dewa gais hae.

Chandrasekhar ke janam Lahore me bhais rahaa aur uu Madras aur Cambridge me parrhis hae. Uu 1937 se America me parrhaat rahaa aur 1953 me America ke citizen banaa.

## References
C. V. Raman

**Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman** (7 November 1888 - 21 November 1970), India ke ek physicist rahaa, jiske uske kaam "light scattering" ke khaatir jaana jaae hae. Uu apne se ek Spectograh ke banae ke ii dekhais ki jab roshni ek transparent chij me se jaae hae, tab bahaar nikle waala roshni ke wavelength badal jaae hae.  Iske aaj-kal Raman scattering bola jaae hae. Iske khaatir , 1930 me uske Nobel Prize in Physics milaa rahaa. Uu pahila jan jon goraa nai rahaa aur pahila Asian rahaa jon ki koi bhi science me Nobel Prize jeete rahaa.

## References
East Bengal

**East Bengal** bang bhang ki samay bangaal ke poorvee bhaag ki liye prayukt shabd hai. 1947 mein svatantrata ki baad yah bhaag Pakistan ka bhaag bana aur vartamaan mein ise Bangladesh ki naam se jaana jaata hain.
## References
Srinivasa Ramanujan

**Srinivasa Ramanujan** (22 December 1887 - 26 April 1920), India ke ek mathematician rahaa. Uske pure mathematics me koi rakam ke degree nai rahaa, fir bhi uu mathematical analysis, number theory aur infinite series ke adhyan me khaas yogdaan diis hae.

Ramanujan pahile akele mathematics me adhyan karis. Uu barraa  aur jaana-maana mathematician ke aapan kaam dekhae ke kosis karis lekin uulog isme koi dilchaspi (interest) nai dekhain kaaheki jon chij Ramanujan dekhae maangat rahaa uulog ke khaatir nawaa rahaa aur sadhaaran rakam se chij ke nai samjhat rahaa.

1913 me, Ramanujan, England ke mathematician, G. H. Hardy ke chitthi likhis  aur Hardy uske kaam ke samjhis. Hardy uske Cambridge University me balais aur ii bolis ki, "Ramanujan dher nawaa theorem banais hae jisme se kuch ke uu pahile apne prove nai kare sakaa rahaa.

Aapan chhota jindagi me, Ramanujan akele 3,900 se jaada results ke compile karis hae (jaada kar ke identities aur equations). Dher ekdam nawaa rahaa aur ekdam unconventional rahaa, jaise ki Ramanujan prime, Ramanujan theta function, partition formulae aur mock theta functions, jisse ek nawaa area me research khulaa hae.

## References
1530

**1530** ek sadhaaran saal rahaa, jon ki budh ke roj suruu bhae rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Janam

## Maut

* 29 September - **[[Andrea del Sarto]]**, Italy ke chitrkaar ke maut Florence me bhais rahaa.

* 26 December - **[[Babur]]**, jon ki India ke pahila Mughal samraat rahaa, ke maut Agra me bhais rahaa

## References
Shaivism

**Shaivism** (*Śaivasampradāyaḥa*) Hinduism ke khaas hissa hae jisme Shiva ke puja karaa jaae hae. Isme, duuno Veda aur Agama ke dharmik gyan ke source maana jaae hae. 2010 ke ek anumaan ke anusaar ii duusra sab se barraa Hindu sect hae jisme 252 million, nai to 26.6% Hindus hae.
Vaishnavism

**Vaishnavism** (Vaiṣṇavasampradāyaḥ) ek Hindu sect hae jime Vishnu ke bhagwaan maana jaae hae. Isme Rama aur Krishna ke biswas bhi hae. 2010 ke anumaan ke anusaar Vaishnavism, Hinduism ke sab se barraa sect hae jisme 641 million (67.6%) Hindus hae.

Vaishnavism kaise suruu bhais rahaa ke baare me bahut nai jaana jaae hae lekin kuchh log ii biswas kare hae ki ii duusra gaer Vedic dharam aur Vishnu ke puja ke milae ke banaa hae.
Shaktism

**Shaktism** (Śāktasampradāyaḥa) ek khaas Hindu sect hae jisme bhagwaan ke aurat maana jaae hae. Isme Durga, Parvati aur Kali ke puja hae. 2010 ke ek anumaan ke anusaar ii sect me 3.2 % Hindu hae.
Om

**Om**, nai to **Aum** (ॐ), bhagwaan ke muh se nikle waala pahila sabd rahaa jab uu ii sansaar ke banais rahaa. Hindu log iske aapan dharam ke sab se khaas chinh maane hae. Iske medidation aur yoga me bhi kaam me laawa jaae hae. Iske Vedas, Upanishads aur duusra Hindu pustak ke har ek chapter ke suruu aur ant me paawa jaae hae.
Ayurveda

**Ayurveda** ek duusra rakam ke medical system hae jon India me suruu bhais rahaa. Iske abhi bahut jaada India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan aur Sri Lanka me kaam me laawa jaae hae, jahaan ke 80% log ii batae hae ki uu log aurveda ke kaam me laae hae. 

Ayurveda me herbal medicine, special diet, meditation, yoga, massage, laxative enema aur medical tel ke kaam me laawa jaae hae. Puraana ayurveda ke pustak me surgery kare ke dhang, jaise  rhinoplasty, lithotomy, cataract surgery ke bhi sikhaawa jaae hae.

## References
Brahma

**Brahma** ek Hindi bhagwaan hae, jiske Trimurti me "Creator" maana jaae hae. Trimurti me Vishnu aur Shiva bhi hae. Brahma ke creation ke alaawa gyan aur Vedas se associate karaa jaae hae. Uske baare me jaada kar ke creation legends me mention karaa jaawe hae. Kuchh Puranas me uu apne ke ek sona ke banaa embroyo, jiske Hiranyagarbha bola jaae hae, ke bhittar apne se banais. 

Brahma ke kuchh log soche hae ki Veda me likha gais Prajapati soche hae. Veda ke jamaana ke baad Brahma ek khaas diety rahaa lekin 7th century talak uske utna important nai maana gais jab ki aur dieties, jaise Vishnu, Shiva aur Mahadevi ke jaada maanata dewa gais.

Brahma ke jaada kar ke sona ke rang waala, daarri waala aur aur chaar muurr, haanth aur gorr waala jan ke rakam. Uske chaar haanth, chaar Ved ke represent kare hae aur chaaro bagal point kare hae. Uu ek lotus pe baitha hae jon ki ek swan ke uppar hae. Dharmik pustak ke anusaar, Brahma aapan larrkan ke aapan buddhi se banais rahaa.

## References
Dhyan Chand

**Dhyan Chand** (29 August 1905 - 3 December 1979), India ke ek hockey khilaarri rahaa, jiske hockey ke itihaas me sab se mashuur hockey ke khilaarri maana jaae hae. Chand ke uske ball control aur goal banae ke aur 1928, 1932 aur 1936  ke Olympic Games me medal jiite khaatir jaana jaae hae.

Chand India ke khatir international hockey 1926 se 1949 talak khelis, jisme uu 185 game me 570 goal banais. Uu aapan puura career me 1,000 se jaada gaol banais hae. BBC uske India ke Muhammed Ali ke naam diis rahaa. 1956 me, India ke sarkar uske India ke tiisra sab se barraa civilian honour,  Padma Bhushan diis rahaa. 1956 me India ke sarkar uske Padma Bhusan award diis rahaa. Uske birthday ke din , 29 August, India me National Sports Day hae aur India ke sab se barraa khel ke award, Major Dhyan Chand khel Ratna, uske naam ke niche hae.

## References
Mathematician

Ek **mathematician** uu jan hae jiske mathematics ke baare me dher jaankari hae. 

## Mashuur mathematicians ke suchi
* Archimedes (287 BC - 212 BC), Greece
* Brahmagupta (598 - 668), Indian
* David Hilbert ((23 January 1862 - 14 February 1943), German
* Euclid (Greek: Εὐκλείδης) (325 BC–265 BC), Greece
* Leonhard Euler (pronounced *Oiler*) (15 April 1707 – 7 September 1783), Swiss
* Fibonacci (1175 - 1250), Italian 
* Joseph Fourier (21 March 1768 - 16 May 1830),  French
* Carl Friedrich Gauss (Gauß) (30 April 1777 – 23 February 1855), German
* Gottfried Leibniz (1 July  1646 – 14 November 1716), German
* Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (780 - 850), Persian
* Isaac Newton (4 January 1643 – 31 March 1727), English
* Srinivasa Ramanujan (22 December 1887 - 26 April 1920), Indian
* Alan Turing (23 June, 1912 - 7 June 1954),  English
* James Watt (19 January 1736 - 19 August 1819), Scottish
Jorrna

**Jorrna** (jiske + chinh se likha jaae hae), arithmetic ke chaar khaas operations me se ek hae; tiin aur hae ghataana, gunaa aur baatnaa
Odia bhasa waala films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film ke naam hae jon ki Odia bhasa me banaawa gais hae. 

## 1991
* **[[Aadhi Mimansa]]**, Director - Apurba Kishore Bir, Khaas actors - Mohan Gokhale, Neena Gupta, Ashok Kumar, Gloria Mahanty
Chinese films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film hae jon China me banaa hae.

## 2011
* **[[11 Flowers]]**, Director - Wang Xiaoshuai, Khaas actors - Gang Cao, Shiping Cao, Wenqing Liu, Yihao Lou, aur Yan Ni
* **[[2011]]**, Director - Li Zhang, Jackie Chan, Khaas actors - Jackie Chan, Winston Chao, Bingbing Li, Chun Sun
* **[[23:59: The Haunting Hour]]**, Director - Gilbert Chan, Khaas actors - Mark Lee, Noah Yap, Richie Koh
* **[[A Beautiful Life]]**, Director - Wai-Keung Lau ke, Actors - Qi Shu, Ye Liu, Anthony Chau-Sang Wong, Liang Tian
* **[[The Dragon Knight]]**, Director - Sheng-jun Yu
Dutch films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film hae jon Dutch bhasa me banaa hae.

## 2011
* **[[170 Hz]]**, Director - Joost van Ginkel, Khaas actors - Gaite Jansen, Michael Muller, Eva van Heijningen aur Ariane Schluter
French films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film hae jon French bhasa me banaa hae.

## 2011
* **[[17 Girls]]**, Directors - Delphine Coulin aur Muriel Coulin, Khaas actors - Louise Grinberg, Juliette Darche, Roxane Duran aur Esther Garrel
* **[[18 Years Old and Rising]]**, Director - Frederic Louf, Khaas actors - Pierre Niney, Audrey Bastien, Lou de Laâge, Ali Marhyar
* **[[360 (film)]]**, Director - Fernando Meirelles, Khaas actors - Lucia Siposová, Gabriela Marcinková, Johannes Krisch, Danica Jurcová
* **[[A Burning Hot Summer]]**, Director - Philippe Garrel, Khaas actors - Monica Bellucci, Louis Garrel, Céline Sallette, Jérôme Robart
* **[[A Bottle in the Gaza Sea]]**, Director - Thierry Binisti, Khaas actors - Agathe Bonitzer, Mahmud Shalaby, Hiam Abbass, Riff Cohen 
* **[[Dimanche]]**, Director - Patrick Doyon, Khaas actors - Chantal Baril, Natalie Hamel Roy, Jacques Lavallée, François Sasseville aur Nicolas Scott
Arbii films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu film hae jon Arbii bhasa me banaa hae.

* **[[18 Days]]**, Directors - Ahmad Abdalla, Mariam Abou Ouf, Kamla Abu Zekry, Ahmad Alaa, Mohamed Aly, Sherif Arafa, Sherif El Bendary, Marwan Hamed, Khaled Marei, Yousry Nasrallah , Khaas actors - Ahmed Al Fishawy, Amy Samir Ghanem, Ahmed Helmy, Eyad Nassar

## 2011
* **[[360 (film)]]**, Director - Fernando Meirelles, Khaas actors - Lucia Siposová, Gabriela Marcinková, Johannes Krisch, Danica Jurcová
* **[[A Bottle in the Gaza Sea]]**, Director - Thierry Binisti, Khaas actors - Agathe Bonitzer, Mahmud Shalaby, Hiam Abbass, Riff Cohen
Phan Rang–Thap Cham

**Phan Rang–Thap Cham** (Vietnamese bahasa: Thành phố Phan Rang – Tháp Chàm), Vietnam Ninh Thuận ke largest city hae. Ii city me lagbhag 167,394 (2019) log rahe hae.
Rugby football

**Rugby football** ek naam hae jiske duuno rugby union aur rugby league team khel ke milae ke bola jaae hae.

Rugby football, Rugby, Warwickshire, England me suruu bhais rahaa. jahaan pe iske niyam ke 1845 me likha gais rahaa. Ii rakam ke khel middle ages se khela jaae hae.  Rugby football, England ke public school system me faila, jahaan se ii British Empire bhar fael gais. 

1895 me ii dui rakam ke khel me vibhajit hoe gais jab North England ke 21 club rugby football union ke chhorr ke northern rugby football union ke banain. Isje 1922 me rRugby Football Leage ke naam dewa gais. Iske kaaran rahaa ki League ke member maangat rahin ki khilaari log ke talab dewa jaae. II pahila code rahaa jon ki professional bhais, aur Rugby Union 100 saal baad 1995 Rugby Worlsd Cup ke baad professional bhais.

## References
Mali Empire

**Mali Empire**, 1226 se 1670 talak, west Africa me ek empire rahaa. Ii empire ke Sundiata Keita (1214 - 1255) suruu karis rahaa aur ii empire ke iske wealth ke khaatir jaana jaae hae. Jab ii sab se barraa rahaa tab ii west Africa ke sab se barraa empire rahaa aur ii ilaaka ke sanskriti me iske bhasa, niyam aur sankriti se bhaari asar rahaa.

Ii empire ek chhota kingdom se suruu bhais rahaa, Niger Naddi ke source ke nasdik. 11th aur 12th century me ii Ghana Empire ke naam se barraa bhais rahaa, lekin ii kamjor parr gais jab jaada trade south ke bagal chal diis.

## References
Hawaapaani

**Hawaapaani** (Climate) ke matlab hae dunia ke ek jagha ke garmii (temperature), humidity, atmospheric pressure, hawaa (wind), baaris (rainfall) dher din talak. Ek aur dhabg se ii hae tiis saal ke average. Hawaapaani aur mausam ek chij nai hae, kaaheki mausam koi ek din ke condition hae.  

## Kuchh rakam ke hawaapaani
* Polar climate, jisme lambaa aur ekdam thandaa winter aur chhotaa summer rahe hae, jaise North Pole aur South Pole
* Temperate climate, jisme chaar season rahe hae, jaise ki jaada Europe ke des me.
* Desert, jahan pe bahut jhuura rahe hae, jaise ki Sahara Desert
* Tropical climate, jahaan pe garam rahe hae aur jahaan pe dui season rahe hae: bhiija aur jhuura
* Mediterranean climate jahan pe summer me garam aur jhuura aur winter me thanda aur bhiija rahe hae.
Korean films ke suchi

Ii suchi me uu sab film hae jon Korean bhasa me banaa hae
## 1987
* **[[Adada]]**, Director - Kwon-taek Im, Khaas actors - Hye-soo Shin, Ji-il Han, Kyeong-yeong Lee, Woong Park

## 2006
* **[[Aachi and Ssipak]]**, Director - Jo Beom-jin, Khaas actors - Ryoo Seung-bum, In Chang-jung, Greg Franklin, Hyun Young, Zack Keller, Gyu-hwa Lee

## 2011
* **[[Arirang]]**, Director - Ki-duk Kim, Khaas actors - Ki-duk Kim
Hathyaar

**Hathyaar** ek chij hae jisse ek jan, nai to jaanwar, ke attack aur injure karaa jaae hae. Insaan, puraana jamaana se hathyaar ke kaam me laae hae. Jab ke duusra jaanwar bhi kathyaar ke kaam me laae hae, jaada kar ii jaamwar ke dehin me attached rahe hae, jaise ki taanth, claw, tusk.  Insaan jon hathyaar ke kaam me laae hae depend kare hae ki kon kaam kathir iske use karaa jaae hae. Insaan, jabse pahila dafe patthar ke hatyaar ke ruup me kaam me laais hae, sab time nawaa aur jaada taagatwar hathyaar ke banae hae.

## Itihaas

Sab se pahila hathyaar patthar rahaa. Iske baad moto ke kaam me laae jaae lagaa. Tiir aur baan (bow and arrow) ke lagbhag 20,000 BC se kaam me laawa jaae hae. Bronze Age ke samay se insaan metal se hathyaar banae hae. Insaan barraa barraa machine banain jisse barraa barra patthar ke biig ke castle ke diwaal ke tuurra jaawat rahaa. Iske "catapult" aur "siege engine" bola jaae hae. Baad me gunpowder ke China me banaawa gais aur Europe ke log iske banduuk aur toop (cannon) me kaam me laae rahin. Ii hathyaar se Europe ke log dunia ke aur des ke aapan niche kar liin. Dunia ke dher des ke log banduuk shotgun aur rifle rakkhe hae jisse jaamwar ke maaraa jaae sale aur pistol jisse insaan ke maara jaae sake.

1884 me machine gun ke banaawa gais rahaa, jon dherr golii ke bahut jor se daage sake hae. Iske baad land mine, jon jamiin ke niche gaarraa gais bomb hae, ke bhi kaam me laawa jaae lagaa. Submarine ke banaawa gais jon torpedo se barrraa jahaaj ke dubae sake hae. Jab plane ke banaawa gais tab log isse dusman ke golii maare aur uppar bomb girae ke khaatir kaam me laae lagin. World War I ke time tank ke banaawa gais jisme motaa armour aur barraa bamduuk rahaa. World War I me poison gas ke bhi kaam me laawa gais rahaa.

World War II me city pe plane se dher bomb giraawa gais rahaa aur Germany bomb se bharaa missile ke bhi kaam me laais rahaa. Larrai ke ant hote America, Japan ke city, Hiroshima aur Nagasaki me atomic bomb girae rahin.

## References
Dharmendra

**Dharmendra Kewal Krishan Deol** (Janam 8 December 1935),, jiske jaada kar ke khaali **Dharmendra** ke naam se jaana jjae hae, ek Indian film actor, producer aur politician hae, jon ke jaada kar ke Hindi film me act karis hae. Uske "He-Man" ke naam dewa gais rahaa aur uske aapan time ke Indian film actors me se sab se sundar male maana jaawat rahaa.

## References
Manoj Kumar

**Manoj Kumar** (Janam: 24 July 1937), jiske janam ke naam **Harikrishan  Goswami** hae, ek Indian actor, film director, screenwriter, lyricist aur editor hae jon Hindi films me kaam karis hae. Uske patriotic films banae ke khaatir jaana jaae hae, aur iske kaaran uske nicjname hae,  **Bharat Kumar**

## References
2025

**2025** (MMXXV) ek saadhaaran saal rahii, jon ki  ke roj suruu hoi. Ii 3rd millennium aur 21st century 25th saal rahaa,  aur  2020s dassak ke 6th saal rahaa. Ii saal Vikram Samvat (Hindu) ke 2081-2082, Shaka Samvat (Hindu) ke 1946-1947, Kali Yuga ke 5125-5126, Islamic calendar ke 1446-1447, aur Nanakshashi calendar ke 557 saal rahaa.

## Ghatna

## Chhutti aur Teohaar
* 1 January - Fiji me **Nawaa Saal** ke chhutti rahaa
* 18 April - Fiji me **Good Friday** ke chhutti rahaa 
* 6 April - Fiji me **Ram Naumi** banaawa gais rahaa.
* 19 April - Fiji me **Easter Saturday** ke chhutti rahaa 
* 21 April - Fiji me **Easter Monday** ke chhutti rahaa 
* 12 May - Fiji me **Girmit Day** ke chhutti rahaa 
* 30 May - Fiji me **Ratu Sukuna Day** ke chhutti rahaa 
* 8 September - Fiji me **Prophet Mohammed ke birthday** khatir chhutti rahaa.
* 10 October - Fiji me **Fiji Day** ke chhutti rahaa.
* 21 October - Fiji me **Diwali** ke chhutti rahaa.
* 25 December - Fiji me **Barraa Din** ke chhutti rahaa.
* 26 December - Fiji me **Boxing Day** ke chhutti rahaa.

## Janam
## Maut

## References
Electromagnetic interaction

**Electromagnetic interaction** uu particle ke biich ke  interaction  hae jon koi electric charge ke dhoe hae. Electromagnetic interaction  electrons aur nuclei ke atom ke bhittar bandhe hae, auratoms ke molecule ke bhittar, aur ii governs atoms aur molecules ke biich ke sambandh ke niyam rakkhe hae.

Bhautik vigyanik chaar rakam ke interaction ke maanata de hae. Aur tiin interaction hae; gravitational, strong aur weak. 

Electromagnetic interaction ke light, radio waves aur magnetism me paawa jaae hae. Iske kuchh namuuna hae:
* Radio wave - Ek radio transmitter ke antenna, charge ke uppar niche kar ke electromagnetic wave banae hae, jiske radio pakrre sake hae
* Roshni - Dekhae waala roshni ek rakam ke electromagnetic wave hae.
* Magnetism - Magnet, electromagnetic force ke kaara loha me chapak jaae hae
* Chemistry - Atoms ke electromagnetic force saathe rakkhe hae.
* Electric motor - electric motor me electromagnets se motion banaawa jaae hae.
* Electric bells, loudspeakers, electric fans - ii sab electromagnet ke kaam me laae hae{{cite web|url=

## References
Om Prakash

**Om Prakash Chibber** (19 December 1919 – 21 February 1998) India ke ek film actor rahaa.

## References
Jackie Shroff

**Jaikishan Kakubhai Shroff** (Janam: 1 February 1957), jiske jaada kar ke **Jackie Shroff** ke naam se jaana jaae hae, India ke ek actor aur pahile ke ek model hae.

## References
Talwaar

Ek **talwaar**, ek dhaar waala (bladed) hathyaar] hae jisse kaata aur dehin me dhakelaa jaaae sake hae. Iske dhaar, ek chhuurri aur khanjar (dagger) se lambaa rahe hae aur ii ek muthia (hilt) se jurraa rahe hae. Ek dhakele waala talwaar ke dhaar sidha rahe hae aue iske nook (tip) rahe hae. Ek kaate waala talwaar jaada kar ke curved rahe hae aur isme dhaar chaahe ek nai to duuno bagal rahe hae. Dher talwaa ke duuno kaate aur dhakele ke khaatir banaawa jaae hae.

## Itihaas
Pahila hathyaar, jiske talwaar bola gais hae , ke Turkey me 3300BC me kaam me laawa jaawat rahaa, aur ii 60 com (24 inch) lambaa rahaa. Ii bronze ke banaa rahaa aur kuchh me silver bhi rahaa. Talwaar chhuurri, nai to khanjar se aais hae. Brize Age me talwaar, ek khanjar se alag hoe gais, jab iske dhaar aur lambaa hoe gais aur isme hilt rahaa.Ii rakam ke talwwar ke banae ke sahaj hoe gais jab arsenic copper aur tin-bronze se banaawa jaae lagaa. Talwaar, jiske dhaar 60 com se lambaa hae ke banaana pahile nai possible rahaa kaaheki Bronze tehrraa hoe jaat rahaa. Talwaar ke khanjar se develop hote deher time lagaa aur 1700 BC me Crete me 100cm lambaa talwwar ke banaawa gais rahaa.

## References
Banduuk

**Banduuk** ek rakam ke hathyaar hae jon ki ek explosive charge ke kaam me laae hae aur jiske ek jan sahaj me uthae sake hae.

Pahila banduuk ke China me banaawa gais rahaa, jab baans (bamboo) tube jisme gunpowder aur pellet rahaa ke moto (spear) me jorra gais rahaa.

13th century me baans ke jagha metal ke barrel ke kaam me laae jaae lagaa. Ii technology Eurasia bhar me 13th century me fael gais.

## References
Tenzing Norgay

**Tenzing Norgay** (May 1914 - 9 May 1986, jiske janam ke naam **Namgyal Wangdi** rahaa aur jiske **Sherpa Tenzing** ke naam se bhi jaana jaawat rahaa, ek Nepalese-Indian pahaarr pe charrhe waala Sherpa rahaa. Ii, uu dui jan me se ek rahaa jon 29 May 1953 me pahila dafe Mount Everest pe charrhe rahin. Duusra rahaa, Edmund Hillary. Time magazine Tenzing ke "100 most influential peaople in the 20th century" me se ek ke padwi diis hae.

## Bachpan ke din
Norgay ke janam ke baare me sidha jaankari nai hae. Aapan atmkahaani me Nogay likhis hae ki uu ek Sherpa hae aur uske janam aur bachpan ke din  Tengboche, Khumbu, Nepal me bhais rahaa. 1985 me, All India Radio ke ek baat-chiit me uu batais ki uske mai-baap Tibet se aae rahin lekin uske janam Nepal me bhais rahaa. Baad me bahut log ii batain hae (jisme uske larrkaa ke likha gais book bhi hae) ki uske janam Tibet me bhais rahaa.

Jab ki uske aslii janam ke taarik nai maluum hae, uu jaanat rahaa ki uu May me paida bhais rahaa uske janam ke jagha ke mausam aur kheti ke dekh ke. 29 May 1953 m3 jab uu Mount Everest pe charr gais rahaa, tab se uu aapan janam din ke 29 May me banae hae. Uske janam ke saal "Tibetan calendar me "Year of Rabbit" rakaa, jiske matlab hae ki uu 1914 me paida bhais rahaa.

Tenzing ke naam bachpan se "Namgyal Wangdi" rahaa, lekin uske local lama ke aades pe iske badal dewa gais.

## Pahaarr pe charrnaa

Norgay ke Mount Everest charrhe ke pahila mauka uu time milaa jab uu khaali 20 saal ke rahaa aur Eric Shipton 1935 me Everest charrhe ke khaatir ek team ke ekkhatta karat rahaa. Jab dui aur team ke member aapan medical exam ke fail hoe gain tab Norgay ke mauka milaa. Norgay 1930s me tiin asafal British expedition jon Mount Everest pe charrhe ke kosis kais, me rahaa.

1947 me uu ek Canadian, Earl Denham ke team me rahaa jon ki binaa ijaajat ke Tibet ke bagal se Mount Everest pe charrhe ke kosis karis rahaa. Wahii saal me uu ek Kedarnath pahaarr ke charrhe ke expedition me sardar rahaa.
1952 me uu dui Mount Everest charrhe ke kosis kare waaala expedition me rahaa.

## References
Brahman

Hinduism me **Brahman** sab se barra siddhaant hae aur saschchaai hae. Ii  brahmaand ke aatma hae aur kaaran hae. Isse brahmaand aadharit hae.  

## References
Ishvara

Ishvara, Hinduism ke vishaar hae jiske matlab kon jamaana me ii sabd ke kaam me laawa jaae hae aur kon Hindi school of thought hae, per nirbhar hae. Iske matlab Bhagwaan, "supreme Being", aapan bhagwaan, nai to aatman hoe sake hae. Shaivism me Ishvara Shiva ke visesh naam hae. 
Vaishnavism me ii Vishnu ke ek naam hae. Nawaa Hindu movement , jaise Arya Samaj aur Brahmoism me Ishvara ekke Bhagwaan hae.  Yoga me Ishvara koi bhi aapan bhagwaan nai to sprortually inspure kare waala entitiy hae. Advaita Vedanta me ii Brahman ke ek ruup hae.

## References
Kumbha Mela

**Kumbha Mela,** Hiindu log ke ek khaas tiith yaatra aur teohaar hae. 4 February 2019 ke Kumbha Mela me sab se jaada log ekkaththaa bhae rahin. Iske lahbhag har 12 saal me, Brihaspati (Jupiter) ke parikrama ke banae ke chaar naddi ke kinaare banaawa jaae hae. Ii hae Allahabad Kumbh Mela (Prayagraj), jahaan pe Ganges, Yamuna aur Saraswati mile hae, Haridwar Kumbh Mela, Nashik-Trimbakeshwar Simhastha, Godavari Naddi me aur Ujjain Simhastha, Shipra me.
Ii teohaar me log paani me dupki lagae hae aur ii time dher rakam ke chij becha jaae hae, parrhai aur dharam ke baare me sant log aapan bichaar de hae, dher dharmik log ekkhattha hoe hae aur maniranjan bhi rahe hae. II mela me hissa le waala ii biswas kare hae ki uu log praschit kare hae pichhla bhuul ke khaatir aur uulog ke paap maaf hoe jaae hae.
Ii maana jaae hae ki ii teohaar ke 8th century ke Hindu philosopher, Adi Shankara suruu karis rahaa.

## References
Rigveda

Rigveda, nai to Rig Veda, Sanskrit hymns ke ek puraana sangrah hae. Ii chaar Hindu Veda me se ek hae. Aur tiin veda hae Yajurveda, Samaveda aur Atharvaveda.

Regveda sab se purana Vedic Sanskrit lekh hae. Iske sab se pahila likha gais text, koi bhi Indo-European bhasa ke sab se puraana text hae.
Rigveda ke 200BC se muh se agle pihrri ke pass karaa jaae hae. Ii biswas karaa jaae hae ki Rigveda ke jaada hissa northwest India me likha gais rahaa.

## References
Upanishad

**Upanishad** Vedic jamaana ke ant se Vedic jamaana ke baad waala time me likha gais Sankrit lekh hae jisme Vedic ke samay se nawaa dharmik bichaar ke document kare hae. Upanshad Ved me jorraa gais sab se nawaa text hae aur isme philosophy,, consciousness aur ontology hae. Ved ke puraana bhaag me mantra, mangalkaamna, sanskaar aur balii ke baare me hae.
Vedas

**Vedas** dher dharmik lekh hae jon puraana India me suruu bhais hae aur Vedic Sanskrit me likha gais hae. Ii Hinduism ke sab se puraana lekh hae.
Chaar Ved hae; Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda aur Atharvaveda. Sab Ved me chaar hissa hae; Samhita, Brahmana, Aranyaka aur Upanishad. Kuchh gyaani log ek aur hissa ke bataae hae, jon Upasana hae. Samhita aur Brahmana me har din kon chij kare ke chaahi ke baare me hae aur ii jaada kar ke Brahmacharya aur Grhastha ke samay kaam me aae hae, Aranyaka Vanaprastha stage ke time aur Upanishad, Sannyasa ke time kaam me aae hae. Ved ke sunaa jaae hae jab ki duusra Hindu lekh ke yaad karaa jaae hae.

Ved ke 2000 BC se muh se  aage ke pirrhi (generation) ke pass karaa gais hae.
Vedanta

**Vedanta**, Hinduism ke chhe schools pf philosophy me se ek hae. Aur paanch hae; Samkhya, Yoga, Vaiseshika, Nyaya aur Purva Mimamsa. Vedanta ke matlab, "Ved ke ant" hae. Iske idea Upanishad se aae hae. Vedanta me bhi dher schools hae.
Yoga

**Yoga**, Hinduism ke ek puraana ang hae. Ii duuno dimaagi aur bhautik hae. Yoga me saans lena, kasrat karna aur dhyaan karna hae. Yoga ek Sanskrit sabd hae jiske matlab milan hae. Yoga ke Hinduism le alaawa Buddhism aur Jainism me bhi prayog karaa jaae hae aur aadhmik yoga ke dunia bhar me karaa jaae hae.
Jaat

Ek **jaat** (caste), ek atal (fixed) samaajik toli (group) hae jisme ek paida hoe waala jan eak khaas samaajik sthar (hierarchy) pe rahe hae. Iske jaat-paath bola jaae hae. Iske niche, log khaali aapan jaat me saadi kare hae, ek khaas dhandhaa (occupation) kare hae, samaj me aapan jagha (status) jaane hae, duusra jaat se mile jukhe nai hae aur jaada, nai to kamti sudh (pure) maana jaae hae. Ii sabd kuch kirwa, jaise ki chuunti, madmakkhi aur termite meke hierarchy ke describe kare khaatir bhi kaam e laawa jaae hae.

India ke jaat-paath, puraana jamaana ke varna ke bahaana (excuse) log ke samaj me khaali ekke jagha rahe ke majbuur karaa gais hae. Vedic jamaana me chaar rakam ke varna rahaa: Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya aur Shudra aur ii ispe nibhar rahaa ki ek jan kon kaam karat rahaa. Varna inherited nai rahaa.
World wide web

**World Wide Web** (**WWW**, nai to **The Web**), internet ke ek hissa hae jisme websites aur webpages  hae. Iske 1989 me Tim Berners-Lee suruu karis rahaa. Iske khaatir uu ek markup language jiske HTML bola jaae hae, banais rahaa. Websites me webpages ek duusre se linked hae.

World Wide Web ke dekhe ke khaatir jon software ke kaam me laawa jaae hae ke web browser bola jaae hae. Kuchh web browser hae Google Chrome aur Safari. WWW ke access kare ke khaatir Internet ke bhi jaruri hae.
Dalit

**Dalit**, uu log ke bola jaae hae jon varna ke chaar bhagg me nai hae. Oahile ii logan ke "untouchables aur outcasts" bola jaawat rahaa Dalit naam ke samajik reformer, Jyotirao Phule banais rahaa aur uu ii log ke ek paanchwa varna, (Panchama) me rakkhis rahaa. DHer gyani log Dalit ke Japan ke Burakumin, Korea ke Baekjeong aur Europe ke purana jamaana ke peasants se compare karin hae. India ke sarkar Dalit ke ek "scheduled class" me rakkhis hae, jiske matlab hae ki uulog ke khaas adhikaar dewa jaae hae.
University of Calcutta

**University of Calcutta**, jiske **Calcutta University (CU)** bhi bola jaae hae, ek public state University hae jo Kolkata, West Bengal, India me hae. Isme 151 undergraduate colleges aur Kolkata ke 16 institutions affiliated hae. Iske 24 January 1857 me suruu karaa gais rahaa aur ii Indian Subcontinent aur Southeast Asia ke sab se purana university hae. ii university ke 14 campuses hae. Iske the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) "A" grade ke university me class karis rahaa.2021 me Indian University ranking me ii 4th jagha me rahaa. Iske pahile waala students me dher heads of Government, social reformers, artisans aur Nobel Prize jiite waala log hae, jisme hae; Ronald Ross, Rabindranath Tagore, C. V. Raman, Amartya Sen aur Abhijeet Banerjee hae.
Bharatiya darshan

**Bharatiya darshan** (Indian philosophy) kaafi puraana samay se bharatiya upmahaadweep (Indian subcontinent) me mawjuut hae. Iske bahut samay "darsana" bola jaae hae, jiske matlab "dekho" hae. India ke purana philosophers, jaise Chanakya aur Arthasatra iske "anviksiki" naam de rahin. 

Hindu parampara me dui philosophy ke school hae, astika aur nastika ii nibhar hae tiin chij pe: Vedas se sab gyaan aawe hae, Brahman aur Atman me biswas kare hae aur punjanm aur Devas me biswas kare hae.

Vedic philosophy ke chhe khaas schools hae - Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa aur Vedanta. Paanch gaer-Vedic (nastika) schools hae - Jain, Buddhist, Ajivika, Ajnana aur Charvaka
Indian Institute of Science

**Indian Institute of Science (IISc)** ek public research university hae, science, engineering, design aur management me research ke khaatir. Ii South India ke city Bangalore, Karnataka]] me hae. Iske 1909 me, Jamsetji Tata ke khaas sahyog se banaawa gais rahaa aur ii kaaran se iske local kog **Tata Institute** bole hae. Iske 1958 me ek university ke status mila aur 2018 me iske ek Institute of Eminence maana gais rahaa.
Indian Institutes of Technology

**Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs)**, India me engineering aur science intitutions ke ek network hae. Iske 1950 me suruu karaa gais rahaa aur ii Indian sarkar ke niche hae, jisme Instituttes of Technologirs Act 1961 me pass karaa gais rahaa. Ii Act ke niche ii sab institute ke adhikaar, aur duty ke define karaa gais hae. Ii act ke niche 23 IITs hae. Sab IIT apne se chalaawa jaae hae lekin ek common council, jiske IIT Council bola jaae hae ke niche hae. India ke Minister of Education ke ex officio member hae. 

## List of all Indian Institutes of Technology
Indian Institutes of Management

**Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)**, India ke Central Government se funded management institutes hae jon undergraduate, postgraduate, doctoral aur executive program ke parrhai kare hae. IIMs ke India ke pahila Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru ke niche staphit karaa gais rahaa.

2017 me Ministry of Human Resources Development ii batais ki IIMs, "Institutes of National Importance" hae.

## Institutes
Afro-Asiatic bhasa

**Afro-Asiatic bhasa**, jiske **Afro-Asiatic**, **Afrasian**, **Hamito-Semitic** aur **Semito-Hamitic** bhasa ke naam se bhi jaana jaae hae, lagbhag 400 bhasa hae jisme West Asia, North Africa , Horn of Africa Sahara aur Sahel ke log baat kare hae. Lagbhag 500 million log ke matr bhasa ek Afro-Asiatic bhasa hae, jiske matlab ii hae ki ii dunia ke chautha sab se barraa bhasa ke palwaar, Indo-European bhasa, Sino-Tibetan bhasa aur Niger-Congo bhasa ke baad, hae.

Afro-Asiatic bhasa ke palwaar me Arbii bhasa ke sab se jaada log kaam me laae hae.  Lagbhag 300 million log ke Middle East aur North Africa me Arbii matr bhasa hae. I bhasa ke palwaar ke aur bhasa hae Oromo bhasa, jisme 45 million log baat kare hae, Hausa bhasa, jisme 34 million log baat kare hae, Amharic bhasa jisme 35 million log baat kare hae aur Somali bhasa jisme 15 million log baat kare hae.
Turkic bhasa

**Turkic bhasa**, ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme 35 bhasa hae, jisme Eurasia ke Turkic log jon East Europe se Southern Europe se Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia aur West Asia me rahe hae. Turkic bhasa Mongolia aur northwest China se suruu bhais rahaa jahan se ii Central Asia me failaa. Sab Turkic bhasa ke baat kare waala log ek duusre ke baat ke samagh le hae.

Turkic languages are spoken by some 200 million people.

Turkic bhasa me 200 million log baat kare hae. II bhasa ke palwaar me 38% log Turkish bhasa me baat kare hae, jisme Anatolia aur Balkans me baat karaa jaae hae. Duusra sab se barra Turkic bhasa, Uzbek bhasa hae.
Austronesian bhasa

**Austronesian bhasa**, ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jiske Southeast Asia, Madagascar, Pacific Ocean aur Taiwan ke aadiwaasi log baat kare hae. Ii bhasa ke palwaar me 328 million log baat kare hae, jon dunia ke abaadi ke 4.4% hae. Ii dunia ke paanchwa sab se barraa bhasa ke palwaar hae. Kuchh khaas Austronesian bhasa hae Malay bhasa, jisme Indonesian bhasa bhi hae, Javanese bhasa, Sundanese bhasa, Tagalog bhasa, Malagasy bhasa, aur Cebuano bhasa. II bhasa ke palwaar me 1,257 bhasa hae, jon bhasa ke palwaar me duusra sab se jaada hae.
Dravidian bhasa

**Dravidian bhasa**, jiske kabhi-kabhi **Dravidic** bola jaae hae, ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme 250 million log baat kare hae, jaada kar ke South India, north-east Sri Lanka aur south-west Pakistan me baat karaa jaae hae. Dravidian bhasa jisme sab se jaada log baat kare hae, descending order me, haeTelugu, Tamil bhasa, Kannada bhasa aur Malayalam bhasa. Ii chaaro bhasa ke bahut puraana likhe waala itihaas hae. Aur chhota bhasa jisme likha jaae hae, Tulu bhasa aur Kodava bhasa hae. Aur dher chhotaa bhasa, jisme Gondi bhasa bhi hae, ii sab bhasa south India aur north east Sri Lanka me baat karaa jaae hae aur lagbhag sab Dravidian bhasa hae. Malto bhasa aur Kurukh bhasa ke chota-chota jagha me eastern India me baat karaa jaae hae. Kurukh ke Nepal, Bhutan aur Bangladesh me bhi baat karaa jaae hae. Brahui bhasa ke Pakistan ke Balochistan ilaaka, Iran ke Balochistan, Afghanistan aur Turkmenistan me baat karaa jaae hae.
Indo-European bhasa

**Indo-European bhasa**, ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme lagbhag sab Europe, Iranian plateau aur Indian subcontinent ke log baat kare hae. Ii palwaar ke kuch European bhasa hae English bhasa, French bhasa, Portuguese bhasa, Russian bhasa, Dutch bhasa aur Spanish bhasa aur ii sab bhasa dunia bhar me colonialism ke kaaran fael gais hae. Indo-European bhasa ke palwaar ke aath aur chhota palwaar me baata jaae hae, jisme abhi bhi baat karaa jaae hae.  Ii hae Albanian bhasa, Armenian bhasa, Balto-Slavic bhasa, Celtic bhasa, Germanic bhasa, Hellenic bhasa, Indo-Iranian bhasa aur Italic bhasa.

Indo-European bhasa jisme 100 million se jaada log baat kare hae, hae English bhasa, Soanish bhasa, Portuguese bhasa, Russian bhasa, Hindustani, Bengali bhasa, Punjabi bhasa, French bhasa aur German bhasa.

Dunia ke 46% log (3.2 million log) koi ek Ino-European bhasa me baat kare hae. Abhi 445 Indo-European bhasa hae, jisme se 313 Indo-Iranian bhasa hae.
Kra-Dai bhasa

**Kra-Dai bhasa**, jiske **Tai-Kadai** aur **Daic** ke naam se bhi jaana jaae hae, ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme Southeast Asia, southern China aur northeastern India ke log baat kare hae. Ii palwaar ke bhasa tonal rahe hae. Iske dui khaas bhasa hae Thai bhasa aur Lao bhasa jon ke Thailand aur Laos ke sarkari bhasa hae. Lagbhag 93 million log Kra-Dai bhasa me baat kare hae, jisme se 60% Thai hai.  Ii palwaar me 95 bhasa hae jisme se 62 ii bhasa ke Tai branch me hae.
Indo-Iranian bhasa

**Indo-Iranian bhasa**, jiske **Indo-Iranic bhasa** aur **Aryan bhasa** ke naam se bhi jaana jaae hae. Indo-European bhasa ke palwaar me baat kare waala jagha ke sab se south east me hae. Ii bhasa ke palwaar me 300 se jaada bhasa hae aur isme 1.5 billion log baat kare hae, jaada kar ke South Asia, West Asia aur Central Asia me.

Jon jagha me Indo-Iranian bhasa me baat karaa jaae hae Europe (Romani) aur Caucasus (Ossetian, Tat aur Talysh) se suruu hoe ke Mesopotamia aur eastern Anatolia )Kurdish bhasa, Gorani, Kurmanji, Zaza Levant (Domari) aur Iran (Persian) east ke bagal Xinjiang (Sarikoli) aur Assam (Assamese) aur south me Sri Lanka (Sinhala) aur Maldives (Maldivan). Isme Fiji Hindi aur Caribbean Hindustani bhi hae.

## References
Tat bhasa (Caucasus)

**Tat bhasa (Caucasus)**, ek Iranian bhasa hae, jon Indo-European bhasa ke palwaar ke hissa hae. Ii bhasa me Azerbaijan aur Russia ke Dagestan ilaaka ke 34,000 Tata log baat kare hae.
Indo-Aryan bhasa

**Indo-Aryan bhasa**, **Indic bhasa** bhi bola jaae hae, Indo-Iranian bhasa, jon ki Indo-European bhasa ke ek hissa hae, ke ek hissa hae. Ii bhasa me 800 million se jaada log baat kare aur ii sab log Indus Naddi ke east me hae, jaise ki Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives aur Nepal. 200 se jaada Indo-Iranian bhasa hae. Isme sab se barraa bhasa Hindi-Urdu (330 million log), Bengali bhasa (242 million), Punjabi (150 million), Marathi bhasa (112 million) aur Gujarati bhasa (60 million)
Niger-Congo bhasa

**Niger-Congo bhasa** ek proposed bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme sub-Saharan Africa ke jaada log baat kare hae. Ii bhasa ke palwaar me dunia ke sab se jaada bhasa hae. Ii palwaar me 1,540 bhasa hae. Ii bhasa me 700 million log baat kare hae. Isme se aadha log (350 million) Bantu bhasa me baat kare hae. Ii palwaar ke kuchh khaas bhasa hae Yoruba, Igbo, Fula, Lingala, Ewe, Fon, Ga-Dangme, Shona, Sesotho, Xhosa, Zulu, Akan, and Mooré. Sab se jaada log Swahili me baat kare hae, jon southeastern Africa e common language.
Sino-Tibetan bhasa

**Sino-Tibetan bhasa** (jiske **Trans-Himalayan** ke naam se bhi jaana jaae hae) ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme 400 se jaada bhasa hae, jon khaali Indo-European se khaali kamtii hae. Lagbhag 1.4 billion log ek Sino-Tibetan bhasa me baat kare hae. Isme se  1.3 billion log ek Sinitic bhasa me baat kare hae. Aur Sino-Tibetan bhasa jisme dher jane baat kare hae me hae  Burmese (33 million) aur Tibetic bhasa (6 million). Chaar UN member states China, Singapore, Myanmar, aur Bhutan me ek Sino-Tibetan bhasa khaas bhasa hae.
Semitic bhasa

**Semitic languages** ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jon Afro-Asiatic bhasa ke palwaar ke hissa hae. Isme Arbii bhasa, 
Amharic bhasa, Tigrinya bhasa, Aramaic bhasa, Hebrew, Maltese bhasa aur dher puraana aur nawaa bhasa hae. Isme 330 million se jaada log West Asia, North Africa,the Horn of Africa, Malta me
Altaic bhasa

**Altaic bhasa** ek maange waala bhasa ke palwaar hae, jisme Turkic bhasa, Mongolic bhasa aur Tungusic bhasa ke palwaar hae aur sait Japonic bhasa aur Koreanic bhasa ke palwaar bhi. Ii bhasa ke palwaar me baat kare waala log Asia me 35 degrees N ke North me aur aur East Europe me hae. Iske central asia ke Altai pahaarr ke naam dewa gais hae.
Austroasiatic bhasa

**Austroasiatic bhasa** ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme Southeast Asia, South Asia aur East Asia ke log baat kare hae. Ii bhasa me Vietnam aur Cambodia ke jaada log aur Thailand, Laos, India, Myanmar, Malaysia, Bangladesh, Nepal, aur southern China ke kuchh log baat kare hae. Ii bhasa me 117 million log baat kare hae, jisme se two-thirds Vietnam me hae. Austroasiatic bhasa me khaali Vietnamese bhasa, Khmer bhasa aur Mon bhasa ke itihasik record hae. Isme se khaali dui sarkari bhasa hae; Vietnamese, Vieatnam me aur Khmer, Cambodia me. Mon bhasa, Myanmar aur Thailand ke recognised indigenous bhasa hae aur Wa bhasa Myanmar ke Wa State ke sarkari bhasa hae. Santali bhasa ke India me ek "scheduled bhasa" maana jaae hae.
Thai Baht Digital Currency

Naye digital currency, 10000 Baht vasiyo ko deta jata hai kharche ke Liye groceries par. Sann 2024 mein Naya banya gya system hai. Pehle iss topic or likha gya that. 

li bhi Dekho, instagram; Shigeru Ishiba Election Japan Mein
Na-Dene bhasa

**Na-Dene**, jiske **Nadene**, **Na-Dené**, **Athabaskan–Eyak–Tlingit**, **Tlina–Dene** ke naam se bhi jaana jaae hae, ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme Native American languages hae, jaise ki Athabaskan bhasa, Eyak bhasa, aur Tlingit bhasa hae. Haida bhasa pahile ii palwaar me rakkhaa gais rahaa lekin aaj-kal iske doubtful maana jaae hae. Sab jaada bola jaae waala Na-Dene bhasa Navajo bhasa hae, jisme  north of Mexico me bhi baat karaa jaae hae.
Nilo-Saharan bhasa

**Nilo-Saharan bhasa** ek maange waala bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme  210 African bhasa hae. jisme 70 million log baat kare hae, jaada kar Chari aur Nile naddi ke suruwaat se, jisme historic Nubia bhi hae, jon jagha pe Nile ke dui tributaries hae. Ii bhasa ke palwaar 17 des, Africa ke north hissa me hae: Algeria se lae ke Benin west me; Libya se Democratic Republic of the Congo centre me; aur Egypt se lae ke Tanzania talak east me hae.
Pama-Nyungan bhasa

The **Pama–Nyungan bhasa**, ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jisme sab se jaada Australia ek Abroginal log baat kare hae. Isme Australia ke 400 Abroginal bhasa me se 306 hae. . "Pama–Nyungan" naam ke ii bhasa me baat kare waala jagha ke duii conaa ke admii ke translation hae. Northeast Australia me admii ke "Pama" aur  southwest Australia  me admii "nyungan" bola jaae hae.

Australia ke duusra bhasa ke palwaar ke bhasa ke jaada kar ke  "non-Pama–Nyungan languages" bola jaae hae. Jaada Pama–Nyungan bhasa ke khaali thorraa log baat kare hae. Dher bhasa mar gais hae aur dher mare waala hae. Khaali Australia ke centre me  Pama–Nyungan bhasa me dher jane baat kare hae.
Germanic bhasa

**Germanic bhasa**, ek bhasa ke palwaar hae jon Indo-European bhasa ke palwaar ke ek hissa hae. Isme lagbhag 515 million log baat kare hae{{refn|group=nb|Estimates of native speakers of the Germanic languages vary from 450 million, jaada kar ke Europe, North America, Oceania aur southern Africa me. Sab se jaada baat karaa jaae waala Germanic bhasa, English bhasa hae, jon dunia ke sab se jaada bola jaae waala bhasa hae, with lagbhag 2 billion baat kare waala log. Sab Germanic bhasa Proto-Germanic me se aais hae jisme Iron Age me Scandinavia, northern Germany, North Sea ke coast me aur Baltic Sea ke coast me bola jaawat rahaa.

Germanic bhasa ke tiin hissa me baata jaae hae; North Germanic bhasa, West Germanic bhasa aur East Germanic bhasa. West Germanic bhasa me tiin sab se jaada bola jaae waala Germanic bhasa hae; English bhasa, jon 360-400 million log ke matr bhasa hae, German bhasa, jon 100 million log ke matr bhasa hae aur Dutch bhasa, jon 24 million log ke matr bhasa hae. Aur West Germanic bhasa hae Afrikaans, Low German bhasa, Yiddish, Scots bhasa, Limburgish bhasa aur Frisian bhasa. Sab se barraa North Germanic bhasa hae Swedish bhasa, Danish bhasa, aur Norwegian bhasa. East Germanic bhasa me Gothic bhasa, Burgundian bhasa aur Vandalic bhasa rahaa, jon sab abhi mar gais hae.